Wikipedia acewiki https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94n_Keue MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.22 first-letter Alat Kusuih Marit Ureuëng Ngui Marit Ureuëng Ngui Wikipedia Marit Wikipedia Beureukaih Marit Beureukaih MediaWiki Marit MediaWiki Seunaleuëk Marit Seunaleuëk Beunantu Marit Beunantu Kawan Marit Kawan TimedText TimedText talk Modul Pembicaraan Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 0 116 157411 157396 2026-04-02T14:58:05Z InternetArchiveBot 21803 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 157411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{madinah city infobox}} '''Madinah''' atawa '''Madinah Al Munawwarah''': '''مدينة رسول الله ''' atawa '''المدينه''', (geupeunan cit Madinatur Rasulullah, Madīnah an-Nabī) nakeuh banda utama di [[Arab Saudi]]. Nyoëkeuh banda nyang that rameè geukunjông lé ureuëng [[Islam]]. Disinan keuh [[Nabi Muhammad SAW|Rasulullah SAW]] neuwafeuët ngon disinan keuh kubu neuh. Nyan nakeuh banda suci keu-2 bagi ummat Islam. Bak masa [[Nabi Muhammad SAW]], banda nyoë jeuët keu pusat da'wah, meurunoë, ngon peumeurèntah Islam. Dari banda nyoë Islam meukeumang keu sigom tanoh [[Tanoh Arab|Arab]] 'oh lheuëh nyan ban sigom dônya. Bak thôn 1 H (622 M) [[Nabi Muhammad SAW]] ngon ureuëng Islam dari Makkah ka neu [[Hijrah]] u Madinah. Ngon trôh laju keunan mandum ureuëng Islam nyang phôn-phôn that meuagama Islam keunan keu geujak meurunoë agama langsông nibak Nabi. Madinah nakeuh teumpat bak teudong lhèe boh peuneudong meuseujid nyang that utaa lam tarèh Islam. Nakeuh disinan [[Meuseujid Nabawi]] (meuseujid Nabi), [[Meuseujid Quba]] (meuseujid phôn lam Islam),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hajinformation.com/main/h2022.htm |title=Masjid Quba' - Hajj |location=Saudi Arabia |publisher=Hajinformation.com |date= |accessdate=2013-03-26 |archive-date=2017-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822095754/http://www.hajinformation.com/main/h2022.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Meuseujid Qiblatain]] (meuseujid dua qiblat) di meuseujid nyan teumpat qiblat neupinah dari [[Yerusalem]] u [[Makkah]]. Lagèe banda suci Makkah al Mukarramah u Madinah al Munawwarah meuhat nyang jeuët tamong keunan nakeuh ureuëng meuagama Islam mantong.<ref>{{cite book |title=What everyone needs to know about Islam |last=Esposito |first=John L. |authorlink=John Esposito |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2011 |page=25 |quote=Mecca, like Medina, is closed to non-Muslims |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=2wSVQI3Ya2EC&pg=PA25&dq=non-muslims+in+mecca&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fgNZT5LBC-mqiQK3iLiaCw&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=non-muslims%20in%20mecca&f=false}}</ref><ref name=mackeymecca>[[Sandra Mackey]]'s account of her attempt to enter Mecca in {{cite book|last=Mackey|first=Sandra|title=The Saudis: Inside the Desert Kingdom|year=1987|pages=63–64|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=0-393-32417-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=An A To Z Of Places And Things Saudi|last=Cuddihy|first=Kathy|page=148|year=2001|publisher=Stacey International|isbn=1-900988-40-2}}</ref> Lam agama Islam geuyakin nyang nakeuh ayat [[Kuru'an|Al Qur'an]] nyang geupeutrôn di Madinah pih geupeubida ngon nyang geupeutrôn di Makkah.<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZcMHD5WWL7AC&pg=PA26&dq=quran+revealed+medina+mecca&hl=en&ei=n9wFTvG7F8q68gPK2IHfDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Historical value of the Qur'ân and the Ḥadith] A.M. Khan</ref><ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5ShMqiiJbNYC&pg=PA61&dq=quran+revealed+medina+mecca+surah&hl=en&ei=oOAFTry8H4as8gOv5-XpDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=false What Everyone Should Know About the Qur'an] Ahmed Al-Laithy</ref> Di Madinah keuh teudong phôn pusat meukeumang agama Islam bak masa Nabi, meusambông teuma ngon peuët droë sahabat [[Abu Bakar Ash-Shiddiq]], [[Umar bin Khattab]], [[Utsman bin Affan]] ngon [[Ali bin Abi Thalib]] "Madinah" nakeuh narit nibak [[bahsa Arab]] nyang meuareuti "banda", jameun nan banda nyan "Yatsrib" nyang dudoë geugantoë lé Nabi. Lawét nyoë, ureuëng duëk di banda nyan nakeuh 600.000 droë. Ngon banda [[Makkah]] na jeu'ôh leubèh kureuëng 340 km blah rot sibarôh. Yôh masa dilèe keu geujak dari Makkah u Madinah peureulèe watèe nyang that trép, meunyoë geujak ngon unta abéh watèe si buleuën lam meujak nyan. Jinoë meuhat cit 6 jeuëm jak rot ra'uëh tol nyang geupeugot l épeumeurntah Arab Saudi. Bak masa keurajeuën Utsmani, na ra'uëh geuritan apuy nyang meuhubông Madinah ngon [[Amman]] ([[Yordania]]) seureuta [[Damaskus]] ([[Suriyah|Syria]]) nyang jeuët ra'uëh nyan nibak beunagi ra'ueh geuritan apuy [[Istambul]] ([[Turki]])-[[Haifa]] ([[Israel]]) nyang geuturi cit ngon nan [[Hejaz Railway]]. Jinoë ra'uëh nyoë hana lé ngon seutasiôn geuritan apuy Madinah ka geupeugot keu museum. Dilèe ra'uëh nyan geunguy keu mangat ureuëng bak geujak u Madinah ngon keu geujak peunuët ibadah [[Haji]]. Jinoë lam ka keumaih ra'uëh darat, banda Madinah jeuët ta teuka rot ra'uëh darat. Meunyoë ngon peusawat ateuëh tujuan Madinah payah ta piyôh dilèe di [[Bandara King Abdul Aziz]] [[Jeddah]], atawa jeuēt cit langsông tren peusawat di [[Bandara Internasional Pangiran Mohammad bin Abdul Aziz|Bandara Pangiran Mohammad bin Abdul Aziz]], Madinah. == Éhtisa == [[Beureukaih:Masjid al-Qiblatain.jpg|jmpl|kiri|220px|[[Meuseujid Qiblatain]]]] Yôh masa seugolom Islam bak thôn 622 M, banda nyoë nakeuh Yatsrib, saboh banda oasis.<ref name="livius.org">https://web.archive.org/web/20161208034752/http://www.livius.org/ct-cz/cyrus_I/babylon02.html#Chronicle%20of%20Nabonidus Chronicle of Nabonidus</ref> La'én nibak [[bansa Arab]], di Yatsrib na cit ureuëng [[Yahudi]], lam jiyakin lé ureuëng Yahudi masa nyan nakeuh Yatsrib nyan seubagoë banda nyang geujanji lé Tuhan lam kitab-kitab awaknyan keu teumpat neuduëk nabi akhé jameun. Nan banda nyan neuubah lé nabi jeuët keu Madinatun Nabiy (مدينة ٱلنبي "banda nabi") atawa Al-Madīnatul Munawwarah (المدينة ٱلمنورة "banda nyang peungeuh" atawa "banda nyang meucahya"). Madinah geupeurayeuk seubab disinan na Meuseujid Nabi ngon seujarah banda nyan nyang jeut keu nanggroë nyang tém peulindông Nabi ngon sahbat neuh ngon ummat Islam lheuh jiancam lé kawôm [[Bansa Quraisy|Quraisy]] Makkah. Nabi wafeut di Madinah ngon meukubu nibak teumpat nyang geupeunan [[Raudhah]]. Jirat Nabi nibak masa nyoë nakeuh dimeuyub [[Qubah Ijô]], ngon na cit disampéng Nabi dua droë sahabat nyang mulia [[Abu Bakar Ash-Shiddiq]] ngon [[Umar bin Khattab]], neuduëk kubu nyan nakeuh pah bak teumpat nyang jameun nakeuh rumoh Rasulullah SAW.<ref>However, an article in [http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200606/Saudi Aramco World]{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} by John Anthony states: "To the perhaps parochial [[Muslim]]s of [[North Africa]] in fact the sanctity of [[Kairouan]] is second only to Mecca among all cities of the world." [[Saudi Aramco]]’s bimonthly magazine's goal is to broaden knowledge of the cultures, history and geography of the Arab and Muslim worlds and their connections with the West; pages 30-36 of the January/February 1967 print edition [https://web.archive.org/web/20040624130307/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196701/the.fourth.holy.city.htm The Fourth Holy City]</ref> Neuduëk banda Madinah nyan pih get that meusaneut bak mandum bideuëng, na kira-kira 190 km dari panté [[La'ôt Mirah]] ngon tanoh nyang that leuhu meubandéng ngon wilayah la'én di Jazirah Arabia, banda nyan jilingka lé gunong ngon bukét-bukét nyang manyang. Bak tarèh banda nyan nakeuh saboh kuta banda nyang meulingka, jikeuliléng ngon bintéh nyang that kong ngon teubai 30 sampoë 40 gaki (9,1-12 m) ngon manyang, banda nyan geupeudong bak abad keu-12, ngon jiapét lé meunara. Pintô tamöng banda nyan na peuët ho, salah saboh jih na pintô Babussalam atawa pintô Mesir nyang that na ceudah. di luwa bintéh banda, barat ngon tunong nakeuh binéh banda nyang na disinan rumoh-rumoh meuyub ngon lampôh peunula. Bak binéh banda nyan na cit bintéh ngon meupintô. Rab mandum banda meuseujarah nyan ka geupeuancô bak masa Keurajeuën Saudi. Banda nyoë jipuga lom lam masa nyan ngon pusat banda nakeuh di Meuseujid Nabawi. Meusebab ngon peumeurèntah keurajeuën Saudi geutakôt keu khurafat lam masyarakat ngon ummat Islam le that ka peuneudong meuseujarah ngon jirat ureuëng Islam awai ka geupeugadoh dari banda Madinah. Le that pusaka keuneubah seujarah masa nabi ngon masa-masa lheuëh nyan ka geu peuancô lé peumeurèntah Keurajeuën Saudi. == Tarèh == [[Beureukaih:Nabonidus chronicle.jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|Batèe meutuléh pusaka banda madinah yôh mantong nan Yatsrib]] === Seugohlom Islam === Bak masa seugolom Islam banda nyoë nadimeuyub nan jameun "Yastrib", tarèh Yatsrib nyan meuphôn bak abad keu-6 SM. Nan nyan na leumah bak ceunatat bansa Asyur ngon nan Iastribu.<ref name="livius.org"/> Bak masa Ptolomy oasis nyan jipeunan seubagoë Lathrippa. === Peungarôh Yahudi === Kawôm [[Yahudi]] teuka u Yatsrib bak abad keu-2 Masehi. Bak masa phôn Islam di Madinah, na lhèe boh kawôm Yahudi di banda nyan: [[Bani Qaynuqa']], [[Bani Qurayzah]] ngon [[Bani Nadzir]].<ref name="jewishencyclopedia 1">[[Jewish Encyclopedia]] [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=326&letter=M Medina]</ref> La'én nibak awak Yahudi, na cit keunan bansa Arab [[Bani 'Aus]] ngon [[Bani Khazraj]], dua kawôm nyan teuka dari [[Yaman]] ngon geumeuduëk disinan seubagoë bansa nyang tundk keu Yahudi. Menan pih dudoë peungarôh dua Bani nyan ka leubèh rayeuëk bak kuwasa nanggroë Madinah. Lam peungarôh Yahudi nyan Bani 'Aus ngon Bani Khazraj pih gabuëk ngon na jimeuprang lam peuët go tunjak prang. Lam prang keuneulheuëh Bani Aus ka talô dari Bani Khazraj, ka meusampoë ngon talô nyan Bani Khazraj ka jeuët keu peumimpin nanggroë. Meunan pih nyang gabuëk antara 'Aus ngon Khazraj nyan hana cit reuda, sidroë ureuëng nyang jeuët keu ulèe kawôm Bani Khazraj nakeuh [[Abdullah bin Ubay]] nyang lé ureuëng Yatsrib geuneuk peuduëk keu raja nanggroë. Meunan geukalon lé ureuëng Yatsrib nyan Abdullah bin Ubay hana jeuët jih bak jipeudamèe nanggroë nibak gabuëk 'Aus ngon Khazraj seureuta toë that hubôngan bin Ubay ngon awak Yahudi, jeuët keu seubabnyan padum-padum droë ureuëng peunténg Bani 'Aus ngon Khazraj ka geujak u Makkah, geujak meurumpok ngon Nabi Muhammad di [['Aqabah]] ngon geupeugot janji seutia disinan keu nabi ngon keu agama Islam. Lé ureuëng Yatsrib yôh nyan nakeuh that geuharap Nabi Muhammad SAW keuh nyang jeuët peudamèe lom antara dua kawôm nyang meusitrèe nyan. === Masa Teuka Nabi Muhammad SAW === Bak thôn 622 M / 1 H, [[Nabi Muhammad SAW]] ngon na 70 droë ureuëng Islam dari Makkah teuka keunan u Yatsrib. Lam keujadian [[Hijrah]] nabi nyan ureuëng Islam dari Makkah geupeunan [[Muhajirin]] ngon ureuëng Madinah nyang teurimong kawôm Muhajirin geupeunan [[Anshar]]. Keujadian nyan brat that ka jeuët keu meu-ubah kri agama Islam bak meukeumang jih yôh masa phôn. Meunan trôh Nabi u Yatsrib laju keuh neupeugot damèe antara 'Aus ngon Khazraj, ngon meukawan-kawan ureuëng Madinah nyan dari 'Aus, Khazraj ngon Yahudi nyang geutamong lam agama Islam atawa meu-ikat janji sipakat keu meujaga dameè di Yatsrib. Nabi Muhammad geuangkèe jeuët keu peumimpin nanggroë, ngon sigra lé Nabi neu ubah nan naggroë dari Yatsrib jeuët keu Madinah. Lam siplôh thôn lheuëh neuduëk Nabi Muhammad SAW di Madinah ka neupeudong lé droëneuhnyan saboh banda nyang that meuatô. Ngon ka neupuga banda nyan seubagoë da'irah nyang geuteuka keunan mandum bansa Arab yôh nyan keu dijak meurumpok Nabi ngon geumeuiman bak agama nyang neumée lé Nabi. Banda nyan kajeuët keu da'irah nyang meuheut keuneuk dijak prang lé kawôm kaphé nyang mantong han jiteurimong agama islam jeuët keu agama meugantoë agama endatu awaknyan. Dari banda nyan cit lé Nabi ka neuatô teuntra keujak prang Makkah bak thôn keu 8 Hijriyah. Ngon lheuëh neureubôt Makkah, Nabi ka neuriwang keunan u Madinah lom ngon neuwafeuët di teumpat nyang that mulia nyan. Teutap keuh meupadum thôn lheuëh wafeuët Nabi Muhammad SAW banda nyan jeuët keu teumpat neuduëk padum-padum droë sahbat nyang neumat kuwasa seubagoë [[khalifah]]. Di meuyub lhèe droë khalifah, Abu Bakar, Umar, ngon Utsman, Madinah nakeuh nang nanggroë Islam nyang meukeumang ngon that rijang. Bak masa khalifah Utsman teuka saboh peureuté ureuëng Arab dari Meusé nyang hana jiseunang keu Utsman dijak seurang Madinah ngon jipoh Utsman bak thôn 656 M/ 35 H. Ali, khalifah nyang keupeuët ka neupinah pusat khalifah dari Madinah u [[Kufah]] di [[Irak]]. Lheuëh nyan nakeuh Madinah nyan tinggai cit seubagoë pusat agama kon pusat peumeurintah Islam. === Masa rhet lam jaroë Bani Saud === [[Beureukaih:Medina 3.jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|Madinah thôn 1890 M]] [[Beureukaih:المدينة المنورة.jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|Madinah ngon bintéh teubai meulingka banda]] Nibak awai abad keu-20, lam [[Prang dônya keu-I]], Madinah ka jikeupông lam saboh keumeupông nyang that trép bak tarèh banda nyan. Madinah nakeuh banda [[Keurajeuën Utsmani]] nyang meuatô disinan nakeuh bak jaroë [[Bani Hasyim]] seubagoë syarif atawa amir dari Makkah. [[Fakhri Pasha]] nakeuh gubernur Utsmani dari Madinah. Ali bin Hussein, Syarif Makkah ngon peumimpin Bani Hasyim, ke meubeurontak keu khalifah di [[Konstantinopel]] (Istanbul) ngon geumeudong blah rot [[Inggréh]]. Madinah geukeupông lé teuntra Syarif, meunan pih Fakhri han geutém theun talô lam masa jikeupông nyan dari thôn 1916 sampoë uroë 10 buleuën Sa thôn 1919. Gobnyan han geutém meunyeurah lam 72 uroë pantang teumimbak nyang jipeunan geuncatan seunjata Moudros sampoë gobnyan dudoë jidrop lé teuntra droë geuh nyang meubalék keu syarif.<ref>Peters, Francis (1994). ''Mecca: A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land''. PP376-377. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03267-X</ref> Keu bèk jicok ngon jipeuhancô pusaka Islam disinan, lé gubernur Fakhri ka neukirém padum-padum macam pusaka nyang that meuyum keudéh u Istambul ngon cara rahsia.<ref>Mohmed Reda Bhacker (1992). ''Trade and Empire in Muscat and Zanzibar: Roots of British Domination''. Routledge Chapman & Hall. P63: Following the plunder of Medina in 1810 'when the Prophet's tomb was opened and its jewels and relics sold and distributed among the Wahhabi soldiery'. P122: the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II was at last moved to act against such outrage.</ref> Bak thôn 1920, lé Inggréh kajipeugah Madinah nyan leubèh bibeuëh nibak Makkah.<ref name=Prothero103>{{cite book|last=Prothero|first=G.W.|title=Arabia|year=1920|publisher=H.M. Stationary Office|location=London|page=103|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/103/|access-date=2013-10-17|archive-date=2018-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622165406/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/103/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Lheuëh Prang Dônya keu phôn, lé kawôm Bani Hasyim ka jiangkèe Sayyid Husen bin Ali keu raja dari Hijaz nyang meurdéka. Ngon sigra laju lheuëh nyan, bak thôn 1924, gobnyan ka jipeutalô lom lé kawôm Wangsa Saud, nyang jipeusapat Madinah ngon ban sigom Hijaz lam keurajeuën modern [[Arab Saudi]]. === Madinah jinoë === Uroë nyoë, Madinah la'én nibak jeuët keu teumpat keuduwa paléng peunténg bak ziarah ummat Islam lheuëh Makkah, nakeuh banda nyan jeuët keu nang nanggroë Provinsi blah rot barat Arab Saudi, saboh provinsi nyang that peunténg keu keurajeuën nyan. 'An uroë nyoë bak pusat banda tuha Madinah nyang geupeuhareuëm teuka ureuëng kaphé, Madinah nakeuh banda nyang jimeuduëk lé macam bansa ngon macam agama (Islam ngon kon islam): lagèe nyang teuka nibak: nanggroë-nanggroë Arab nyang la'én (Meusé, [[Yordania]], [[Libanon]], ngon la'én-la'én, Asia Tunong ([[Bangladesh]], [[India]], [[Pakistan]], ngon la'én-la'én), [[Indônèsia]] ngon [[Filipina]]. == Ekonomi == Lam seujarah, Madinah that meuceuhu ngon hasé nibak [[Kurma]]. Kurma Madinah nakeuh nyang that mangat didônya, ngon le that bagoë kurma nyang jitimoh ngon meuboh disinan. Bak thôn 1920 mantong na leubèh kureuëng 139 macam kurma nyang na ban sigom Madinah.<ref name=Prothero83>{{cite book|last=Prothero|first=G.W.|title=Arabia|year=1920|publisher=H.M. Stationary Office|location=London|page=83|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/83/|access-date=2013-10-17|archive-date=2016-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227051942/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/83/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Madinah geuthèe cit keu hasé nibak macam-macam peunula gulèe.<ref name=Prothero86>{{cite book|last=Prothero|first=G.W.|title=Arabia|year=1920|publisher=H.M. Stationary Office|location=London|page=86|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/86/|access-date=2013-10-17|archive-date=2016-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227051853/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/86/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Beureukaih:Madina Haram at evening .jpg|pus|jmpl|800px| Meuseujid Nabi bak watèe sinja]] == Nè seunurat == {{Reflist|2}} {{Commons|Medina}} [[Kawan:Arab Saudi]] [[Kawan:Tanoh Suci]] auya1rg3fuqcwbij3zlez6mm88rh9tz 0 2307 157413 136755 2026-04-02T17:59:46Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Akmol obl.svg]] → [[File:Akmola in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157413 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Coat of Arms of Aqmola Province (new).png|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Akmola]] [[Beureukaih:Akmola in Kazakhstan.svg |jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Akmola]] '''Propinsi Akmola''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Kokshetau]]. {{Commonscat|Aqmola Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] jw80vef4qdr260th48mvki3n0zuihf7 0 2308 157417 87727 2026-04-02T18:51:27Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Zhamb obl.svg]] → [[File:Jambyl in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157417 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Zhambyl_province_seal.png|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Jambyl]] [[Beureukaih:Jambyl in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Jambyl]] '''Propinsi Jambyl''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Taraz]]. {{Commonscat|Zhambyl Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] pzuj37eq0gnmi65nsiziuozqpqc0c82 0 2310 157414 145721 2026-04-02T18:18:39Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Alma-Kzl obl.svg]] → [[File:Almaty (province) in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157414 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Almaty.jpg|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Almaty]] [[Beureukaih:Almaty (province) in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Almaty]] '''Propinsi Almaty''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Taldykorgan]]. {{Commonscat|Almaty Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] h0svcve5avphtv96ncupliq6sebi11i 0 2311 157415 87722 2026-04-02T18:33:53Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Atirau obl.svg]] → [[File:Atyrau in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157415 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Atyrau in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Atyrau]] '''Propinsi Atyrau''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Atyrau]]. {{Commonscat|Atyrau Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] k6nhec9vo38mysple9mjegcr2lml6ek 0 2312 157416 121426 2026-04-02T18:46:10Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Wost-Kzl obl.svg]] → [[File:East Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157416 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:East Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Kazakhstan Timu]] '''Propinsi Kazakhstan Timu''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Oskemen]]. {{Commonscat|East Kazakhstan Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] onris7d1vw13bprfq06qpwusp30n1kg 0 2315 157418 87729 2026-04-02T18:56:10Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Kar obl.svg]] → [[File:Karagandy in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157418 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Coat of Arms of Karagandy Province.svg|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Karagandy]] [[Beureukaih:Karagandy in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Karagandy]] '''Propinsi Karagandy''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Karagandy]]. {{Commonscat|Karagandy Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] akom4jwzehv4zmxugjb71961xf2jwb1 0 2316 157419 87732 2026-04-02T19:07:31Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Kost obl.svg]] → [[File:Kostanay in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157419 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:logo kostanay.jpg|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Kostanay]] [[Beureukaih:Kostanay in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Kostanay]] '''Propinsi Kostanay''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Kostanay]]. {{Commonscat|Qostanay Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] n38z902rwzyoy54g62mscfxkc1by8nc 0 2317 157420 136759 2026-04-02T19:14:50Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Kiz obl.svg]] → [[File:Kyzylorda in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157420 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Kyzylorda province seal.svg|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Kyzylorda]] [[Beureukaih:Kyzylorda in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Kyzylorda]] '''Propinsi Kyzylorda''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Kyzylorda]]. {{Commonscat|Kyzylorda Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] 9dwyfu8dgl6o26b340p2tsb39vf6dyy 0 2318 157421 87733 2026-04-02T19:25:22Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Mang obl.svg]] → [[File:Mangystau in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157421 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Mangystau in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Mangystau]] '''Propinsi Mangystau''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Aktau]]. {{Commonscat|Mangystau Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] onpj5axgg418cmpi79bekd7ggz2qlua 0 2319 157422 83858 2026-04-02T19:32:25Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Sew-Kz obl.svg]] → [[File:North Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157422 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:North_Kazakhstan_province_seal.png|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Kazakhstan Utara]] [[Beureukaih:North Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Kazakhstan Utara]] '''Propinsi Kazakhstan Utara''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di blah utara [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Petropavl]]. {{Commonscat|North Kazakhstan Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] b4sraak2d9wb6iz1tsu0i42r18iossl 0 2320 157423 87736 2026-04-02T19:40:08Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Pawl obl.svg]] → [[File:Pavlodar in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157423 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Logo Pavlodar region.png|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Pavlodar]] [[Beureukaih:Pavlodar in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Pavlodar]] '''Propinsi Pavlodar''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Pavlodar]]. {{Commonscat|Pavlodar Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] g2tjq5th27abdtcop0wd6f3w3sdtoa5 0 2322 157426 121420 2026-04-02T20:35:29Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Zap-Kz obl.svg]] → [[File:West Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157426 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:West Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Kazakhstan Barat]] '''Propinsi Kazakhstan Barat''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Oral]]. {{Commonscat|West Kazakhstan Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] ksr5etjzgxh937pql1k8dqr169jdutn 0 4780 157424 153007 2026-04-02T19:47:39Z Milenioscuro 8365 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Uzhn-Kz obl.svg]] → [[File:Turkistan in Kazakhstan.svg]] updated svg 157424 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Turkistan region seal.png|jmpl|200px|Lambang Propinsi Kazakhstan Seulatan]] [[Beureukaih:Turkistan in Kazakhstan.svg|jmpl|200px|Peuta Propinsi Kazakhstan Seulatan]] '''Propinsi Kazakhstan Seulatan''' nakeuh saboh propinsi di [[Kazakhstan]]. Nang nanggroëjih nakeuh [[Shymkent]]. {{Commonscat|South Kazakhstan Province}} [[Kawan:Kazakhstan]] enxmfd25kavywaxqppfylp2c57fp44w 0 6251 157425 120494 2026-04-02T19:54:05Z InternetArchiveBot 21803 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 157425 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Beureukaih:Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje.jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje]] '''Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje''' (8 buleuën 2 thôn 1857 - 26 buleuën 6 thôn 1936) nakeuh sidroe sarjana [[Beulanda]] lam bideueng èleumèe reusam bansa ngon bahsa Oriental (bansa-bansa di timu), seureuta nakeuh peunasihat peumeurèntah kolonial [[Hindia Beulanda]]. Lahé di [[Oosterhout]] bak thôn 1857, Snouck nakeuh jeuet keu mahasiswa teologi di [[Universitas Leiden]] bak thôn 1874. Snouck jiteurimong gla doktor di Leiden bak thôn 1880 ngon disertasi 'Het Mekkaansche feest' ("Peyasan raya Mekah"). Lheuëh nibak nyan Snouck jeuet keu profesor bak sikula peujabat sipil nanggroe di [[Leiden]] bak thôn 1881. Lam riwayat hudép Snouck, keurija jih nyang that geuingat lé mandum bansa nakeuh keurija seubagoë peunasihat [[Joannes Benediktus van Heutsz|Van Heutsz]], tugaih Snouck lam peukara Acèh nakeuh cukôp that meuri bak akhé periode phôn [[prang Acèh]]<ref>Van Koningsveld, P.S. ''Snouck Hurgronje's ''"Izhaar oel-Islam"'': een veronachtzaamd aspect van de koloniale geschiedenis'', (Leiden, 1982)</ref>, antara thôn 1898-1905, jumeulah masa prang nakeuh bak thôn 1873-1913. Snouck ngon èleumèe bhah Islam ka jirancang strategi nyang signifikan that bak meubantu Beulanda bak jipaksa kuwasa kolonial di nanggroë Acèh. Ngon beunantu bak Snouck Beulanda ka meuhasé jipeuseuleusoë 40 thôn prang lawan Acèh. Kureubeuën nyawong lam prang nyang paléng trép nyang jirasa lé Keurajeuën Beulanda keu saboh nanggroë nyan nakeuh antara 50.000 sampoë 100.000 droe nyang meuninggai ngon na rab si juta droë nyang ceudra. Snouck fasèh lam meubahsa [[Bahsa Arab|Arab]], [[bahsa Meulayu]], [[bahsa Acèh]] ngon [[bahsa Jawa]]. Keubit meuphôm cit jih keu agama Islam sampoë ngon jipeugah droejih [[Islam]], bak saboh watee jih dijak meulakèe tamong u [[Mekkah]] bak gubernur [[Keurajeuën Turki Utsmani]] di [[Jeddah]], meukeusud Snouck nyan teuma geuparéksa le [[ulama]] dari Mekkah bak thôn 1884, ngon lheuëh nibak nyan deungon izin nibak ulama Mekkah laju jeuet jitamong u Mekkah bak thôn 1885. Lam peukara nyan Snouck nakeuh sidroe ureuëng cah rot jitamong sarjana barat u Mekkah, meunan keuh meuhat kri nyang jipeulaku le Snouck bah jeuet jitamong u tanoh suci nyan ngon jipeugah droe jih ka Islam ngon jipeuleumah gairah nyang rayeuek lam buet jih ban lagèe Snouck nyan keubit-keubit Islam. [[Beureukaih:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Mekkagangers uit Aceh met twee Wakils in het Nederlandse Consulaat in Jeddah TMnr 10001259.jpg|jmpl|kiri|250px|Gamba jama'ah Haji dari Acèh nyang jicok lé '''Snouck Hurgronje''' bak konsulat Beulanda di Jeddah thôn 1884.]] Lam jimeurunoë bhah Acèh Snouck geubantu lé Habib Abdurrahman Azh-Zhahir, sidroë waki keurajeuën Acèh nyang ka jibloë lé Beulanda ngon jaminan hudép di Mekkah. Ngon beunantu nyan keuh èleumèe Snouck keu bhah Acèh keubit get that meucak ban lagèe Snouck nyan ka habéh meuphôm keu cara bak peutalô bansa Acèh lam prang nyan. Lheuëh dari Mekkah Snouck jijak u Hindia Beulanda ngon jikeurija bak diwan manyang kolonial di [[Batavia]]. [[Beureukaih:Leids Universiteits Fonds.jpg|jmpl|250px|ka|Rumoh pusaka Snouck Hurgronje di Universitas Leiden.]] Bak thôn 1889 Snouck meuhasé jeuet keu profesor Meulayu bak Universitas Leiden ngon raseumi jeuet keu peunasihat bak peumerèntah Keurajeuën Beulanda lam bideuëng kolonial. Snouck na jipeugot teunuléh makalah peukara kri [[bansa Aceh|bansa]] ngon [[Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam|Keurajeuën Acèh]] nyang bak watèe nyan teungoh meukeubôk prang lawan [[Beulanda]]. La'én bak peukara Acèh Snouck ji tuléh cit peukara neuduëk Islam di Hindia Beulanda, seureuta bak peukara sipil kolonial ngon nasionalisme. Meuhat tugaih nyang meuhasé ngon peureuda prang di Acèh sampoë jeuet Snouck nyan na peungarôh nyang that peunténg lam peumeurèntah kolonial Beulanda. Meunan pih peukara keurija nyan hana that jipakoë lé meunan Snouck jigisa u nanggroë Beulanda bak thôn 1906. Antara thôn 1891-1892, Snouck jijak u Acèh, di nanggroë nyang teungoh meuprang nyan jih jipeugah nan droejih ngon nan Islam "'''Haji Abdul Ghaffar'''", jih jipeugot hubôngan ngon ulama-ulama lam da'irah Acèh. Mandum nyan hana geuthèe lé ureuëng Acèh, sampoë nibak buët nyan lé Snouck ka jipeugot saboh keunarang ngon kri èleumèe nyang jeuët keu cara bak jipeumeuklèh antara ulama ngon ulèe balang di Acèh masa nyan. Buët Snouck nyang la'én nakeuh jipeugot saboh dapeuta ulama Acèh, dapeuta teh ulama nyang peutheun nanggroë ngon jihad, teh ulama nyang satoh bansa Acèh lam bideuëng seumeubeuët mantong meuhat hana that geupeurôh lam seuëh prang Acèh<ref>Van Koningsveld, P.S. ''Snouck Hurgronje alias Abdoel Ghaffar: enige historisch-kritische kanttekeningen'', (Leiden, 1982)</ref>. == Ne == <references/> == Peunawôt luwa == * {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20141217232026/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11755/ The Revolt in Arabia] [[Kawan:Prang Acèh]] 2yvxwmzxzl5fnj89jxbn1p9b7euq2nw 0 16566 157410 109585 2026-04-02T13:41:57Z InternetArchiveBot 21803 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 157410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{taxobox |name = Jeura keusani |image = Carum_carvi_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-172.jpg |regnum = [[Plantae]] |divisio = Magnoliophyta |classis = Magnoliopsida |ordo = Apiales |familia = Apiaceae |genus = Carum |species = '''''C. carvi''''' |authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] }} '''Jeura keusani''' nakeuh bak kayee nyang rôh lam keuluarga Apiaceae,<ref name=USDA>USDA Plants [https://web.archive.org/web/20150927050008/http://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=profile&symbol=Apiaceae&display=31 Classification Report: Apiaceae]</ref>. Bak kayèe nyoe asaijih di [[Asia Barat]], [[Ierupa]], ngön [[Afrika Utara]].<ref name="World Crops Database">{{cite web | url = http://world-crops.com/caraway-seeds/ | publisher = Word Crops Database | title = Caraway | access-date = February 16, 2016}}</ref>. Lé ureueng Acèh boh nibak bak kayèe nyoe geungui keu geupeugöt [[aweueh peuet plôh peuet]]. Lam basa Indônèsia, bak kayee nyoe geupeunan '''''jintan'''''. == Nè == {{reflist}} [[Kawan:Aweueh peuet plôh peuet]] 6zattzq7k0dzdggxv73lgjuc2t9kdoj 0 33397 157412 157271 2026-04-02T16:48:27Z InternetArchiveBot 21803 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 157412 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:dimgray; color: white" |''Anatomi agam'' |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[Berkas:Male_anatomy_1.png|nirbing]]<div class="infobox-caption"> Lokasi ulee penis lam anatomi agam.</div> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef" | Peuturi |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right:0.25em" | [[Terminologia Anatomica|TA98]] | class="infobox-data" | [http://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/09.4.01.007%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm A09.4.01.007] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right:0.25em" | [[Terminologia Anatomica|TA2.]] | class="infobox-data" | [https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=3668 3668] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="padding-right:0.25em" | [[Foundational Model of Anatomy|FMA]] | class="infobox-data" | [http://xiphoid.biostr.washington.edu/fma/fmabrowser-hierarchy.html?fmaid=18247 18247]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-below" | '''''[[Daftar istilah anatomi|Istilah istilah anatomi .]]'''''<div style="text-align: right;"> <small class="noprint">&#x5B; [[wikidata:Q650891|neupeugot bak Wikidata]] ].</small></div> |} Lam anatomi agam,'''pie boh''' atawa '''ulee kreh''' (dari Laten ''penis glans'' atawa ''penile glans'') nyan struktur bola dan sensitif bak ujong distal boh kreh. Secara anatomi homolog ngen ujong [[aneuk tet]] (klitoris) lam anatomi inong. Umum jih, pie boh nyan mandum atawa sebagian jitop le kulet kalut, kecuali bak ureung agam nyang kaleuh ji sunat, nyang jeut ji tarek atawa jipeuset lom u ateuh dan ateuh lewat pie boh. Pie boh atawa ulee kreh geukheun cit '''''glans penis,''''' nyang meuasai nibak basa Laten ''glans'' (‘acorn’) ngon ''penis'' (‘nyang meukaet ngon penis’). [[Kawan:Alat tubôh]] qw4mnbe1weo0icsa93pjd2z66csytow