Seunaleuëk:Lang

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    <title>Seunaleuëk:Lang</title>
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      <text bytes="99" sha1="rpiilobim1eh22a50sfaaeqssz4iwxu" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang|{{{fn|lang}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
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    <title>Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda</title>
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      <text bytes="4429" sha1="3t3yrxqgr6fpxogfynm8u6zwq8cnzwf" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Éseukanda Muda&lt;br&gt; {{nobold|&lt;small&gt;{{Nastaliq|سلطان إسكندر مودا
}}&lt;/small&gt;}}
| title        = [[Sôleutan Acèh Darussalam]]
| image        = Lukisan Iskandar muda.jpg
| caption      = Gamba Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda
| succession   = [[Sôleutan Acèh Darussalam]]
| reign        = 4 April 1607 – 27 Desember 1636
| predecessor  = [[Ali Ri'ayat Syah III dari Aceh|Ali Ri'ayat Syah III]]
| successor    = [[Iskandar Tsani dari Aceh|Iskandar Tsani]]
| birth_name   = 
| birth_date   = 1583
| birth_place  = [[Banda Aceh]], [[Acèh Darussalam|Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam]]
| death_date   = 27 Desember 1636
| death_place  = [[Banda Aceh]], [[Acèh Darussalam|Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam]]
| burial_date  = 
| burial_place = Komplek pemakaman Kandang Meuh
| spouse       = 1. Putroe Tsani (Permaisuri)

2. Putroe Meuligoe (Putroe Al Habsy dari Habasya)

3. Kamaliah dari [[Pahang]] (Putroe Phang)

4. Siti Ungu Putri Inai ([[Kesultanan Asahan|Asahan]])
| issue        = * Tuanku Maharaja Hitam (Panglima Polim I
* [[Putra Mahkota]] Meurah Pupok
* [[Safiatuddin dari Aceh|Putri Sri Alam]]
* Raja Abdul Jalil Syah I dari [[Kesultanan Asahan|Asahan]]
| full name    = 
| regnal name  = Perkasa Alam Darmawangsa Tun Pangkat Johan Berdaulat Zilullahi Fil Alam
Paduka Seri Sultan Iskandar Muda Meureuhom Meukuta Alam
| royal house  = [[Ali Mughayat Syah dari Aceh|Meukuta Alam]]
| father       = Sultan Mansur Syah
| mother       = Puteri Raja Inderabangsa
| religion     = Eseulam [[Sunni]]
| signature    = 
| module       = '''[[Pahlawan nasional Indonesia]]'''&lt;br&gt; S.K. Presiden No. 077/TK/Tahun 1993, tanggal 14 September, 1993
}}
[[Beureukaih:Iskandar Muda, potret pada 2 April 2026.jpg|jmpl|Gamba Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda karya Yoesoef (1980) bak Museum Aceh di Banda Aceh.]]
'''Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda''' ([[Acèh]], [[Kuta Banda Acèh|Bandar Acèh]], 1593 atawa 1590 – Bandar Acèh, 27 September 1636) na keuh sidroë [[sôleutan]] nyang that rayeuk lam masa [[Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam]], droëneuh nyang neu mat kuwasa nibak thôn 1607 sampoe 1636. Keurajeun Acèh that makmu nibak masa droëneuh neu mat kuwasa. Wilayah Keurajeuen Acèh nyang that luwah nibak masa nyan, Acèh jithee lom nibak watee nyan sibagoë pusat dagang internasional ngon pusat eleumee agama Islam di Asia Tenggara.&lt;br /&gt;

== Silsilah ==
[[Beureukaih:Jirat Soleutan Eseukanda Muda.JPG|jmpl|Jirat Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda di [[Banda Aceh]]]]
Nibak ureung chi' inong (ma), Éseukanda Muda na keuh turônan nibak Raja Darôl-Kamal, nibak ureung chi' agam (ayah) na keuh turônan Raja Meukuta Alam. Darôl-Kamal dan Meukuta Alam bak saboh peuneugah, dilee na keuh dua boh teumpat mukim nyang hana jiôh (meupisah ngon krueng) meusapat dua kawom ngon dua wilayah nyan (Darôl-Kamal - Meukuta Alam) nyan keuh asay mula teu dong Keurajeuen Acèh. Éseukanda Muda sibagoe sidroe nyang meu waki nibak dua cabeueng nyan, meu hak peunöh ateueh ''takhta'' nanggröe Keurajeuen Acèh.

Nan ma' neuh, Putroë Raja Indra Bangsa, nyang geupeunan chit Padôka Syah Alam, na keuh aneuk inong Sôleutan Alauddin Riayat Syah, Sôleutan Acèh nyang keu-10; sôleutan nyoe aneuk agam Sôleutan Firman Syah, Sôleutan Firman Syah na keuh aneuk atawa cuco (meunurôt [[Hoesein Djajadiningrat|Djajadiningrat]]) Sôleutan Inayat Syah, Raja Darôl-Kamal.

Putroë Raja Indra Bangsa geu meunikah deungon [[Sôleutan Mansur Syah]], aneuk Sôleutan Abdul-Jalil, Abdul-Jalil nyan na keuh aneuk Sôleutan Alauddin Riayat Syah al-Kahhar, Sôleutan Acèh ke-3.&lt;br /&gt;

== Meunikah ==
Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda neu meukawen deungon sidroe Putroë dari Pahang. Putroë nyan geu turi deungon nan Putroe Phang. Meunurôt narit dilee, Sôleutan neu peurintah untok neupeugot saboh taman nyang geupeunan [[Gunongan]] nibak teungoh-teungoh Mideun Khayali (Taman Istana) seubagoe langgeum cinta neuh keu tuan putroë. Nibak saboh peuneugah, putroë sabe weueh hate neuh meusyen keu gampong neuh di Nanggroe Pahang nyang meu buket-buket. Sampoë 'an jinoë Gunongan nyan mantong jeut ta kalon ngon ta kunjông.

Aneuk Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda nyang kayém na lam tulésan seujarah na keuh 2 (dua) droë. Sidroë aneuk agam [[Meurah Pupôk]] ngon si droë aneuk inong [[Sri Ratu Safiatuddin]]. Meurah Pupôk ka neu hukôm le Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda, saweueb Meurah Pupôk ka neu meuzina.

[[Kawan:Sôleutan Acèh|Éseukanda Muda]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Acèh Darussalam</title>
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      <text bytes="14946" sha1="ara05va92254yu77kldkb2i9pim1s1c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| native_name            = {{small|{{native name|ace|Keurajeuën Acèh}}&lt;br&gt;{{Script/Arabic|کراجاءن اچيه دارالسلام}}}}
| conventional_long_name = Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam
| common_name            = Aceh
| status                 = Protectorate
| empire                 = [[Ottoman Empire]]
| life_span              = 1480–1904
| status_text            = *[[Vassal]] of the [[Pedir Kingdom]] &lt;small&gt;(1497–1514)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire|Protectorate]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] &lt;small&gt;(1569–1903)&lt;/small&gt;
| religion               = [[Sunni Islam]]
| p1                     = Samudera Pasai Sultanate
| p2                     = Kingdom of Pedir
| p3                     = Kingdom of Lambri
| p4                     = Kingdom of Daya
| p5                     = Kingdom of Linge
| p6                     = Kingdom of Tamiang
| p7                     = Aru kingdom
| p8                     = Hatorusan
| p9                     = Sultanate of Johor
| p10                    = Sultanate of Deli
| p11                    = Sultanate of Pahang
| p12                    = Sultanate of Perak
| p13                    = Sultanate of Kedah
| p14                    = Banua Nias
| p16                    = Inderapura Kingdom
| p17                    = Anak Sungai Kingdom
| p18                    = Sungai Serut Kingdom
| p19                    = Kingdom of Palembang
| p20                    = Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom
| p21                    = Kingdom of Indragiri
| p22                    = Kingdom of Jambi
| event_start            = Founded{{efn|group=note|1=The conquest of the Darul Kamal dynasty by Meukuta Alam under Muzaffar Syah}}
| date_start             = 1480
| event1                 = Vassal of the Pedir Kingdom{{efn|group=note|1=Sultan Ma'ruf Syah of Pedir conquered Aceh, and Sultan Syamsu Syah of Aceh was exiled}}
| date_event1            = 1497
| event2                 = The Unification of Aceh under [[Ali Mughayat Syah]]
| date_event2            = c. 1514–1530
| event3                 = [[Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts]]
| date_event3            = 1519–1639
| event4                 = The Resurrection of [[Alauddin al-Qahhar]]
| date_event4            = 1607–1636
| event5                 = Expansion under [[Iskandar Muda]]
| date_event5            = 1607–1636
| event6                 = Reign of the Queens (Sultanahs)
| date_event6            = 1641–1699
| event7                 = Decline of central authority
| date_event7            = 18th century
| event8                 = Succession crisis
| date_event8            = 1764–1773
| event9                 = Acehnese civil war{{efn|group=note|1=Acehnese civil war between [[Alauddin Jauhar ul-Alam Syah]] and [[Syarif Saiful Alam Syah]]}}
| date_event9            = 1814–1819
| event10                = [[Aceh War]]
| date_event10           = 1873–1914
| event11                = Fall of the kraton at [[Kutaraja]]
| date_event11           = 24 January 1874
| event12                = Surrender of Sultan [[Alauddin Muhammad Daud Syah II|Muhammad Daud Syah II]]
| date_event12           = 10 January 1903
| event13                = War under the Wali Negara Aceh
| date_event13           = 1903–1912
| event14                = Final pacification campaigns
| date_event14           = 1912–1914
| event15                = 
| date_event15           = 
| event_end              = The dissolution of the Aceh Sultanate by the Dutch
| date_end               = 1904
| image_flag             = Flag of Aceh Sultanate.svg
| flag_type              = [[Flags_of_the_Aceh_Sultanate|Flag]]
| image_coat             = File:Bendera aceh.svg
| alt_coat               = War flag of Aceh Sultanate
| symbol_type            = 
| flag_s1                = Flag of the Netherlands.svg
| s1                     = Dutch East Indies
| flag_s2                = Bendera_aceh.svg
| s2                     = Aceh under the Wali Negara
| flag_s3                = Flag of Aceh Sultanate.svg
| s3                     = Ulèëbalang Federations - Feudal Lords of Aceh
| flag_s4                = Flag of Aceh Sultanate.svg
| s4                     = Chiefdoms of Kejurun Gayo-Alas
| flag_s5                = Flag of Aceh Sultanate.svg
| s5                     = Chiefdoms of Karo and Simalungun
| image_map              = Aceh_Sultanate_en.svg
| image_map_caption      = Map of the Aceh Sultanate in 1629
| image_map2             = File:Map History of Aceh Sultanate.gif
| map_caption2           = Development of the Aceh Sultanate Map from time to time
| national_motto         = {{ubl|{{Lang|ota|عادت بئ ڤو تمرهوم، حكم بئ شياه كوالا، قانون بئ ڤوتري ڤهڠ، رسام بئ لقسامان}}|{{transliteration|engvar=gb|ota|Adat bak Po Teumeureuhom, hukom bak Syiah Kuala, Qanun bak Putroe Phang, reusam bak Lakseumana}}|&quot;Customs reside with the Sovereign, Law resides with Syiah Kuala, Statutes reside with Princess Pahang, Tradition resides with the Admiral.&quot;}}
| capital                = [[Kutaraja]] or Bandar Aceh Darussalam (modern [[Banda Aceh]])&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(1496–1875)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Pagar Ayer]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(1875–1878)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Indrapuri, Aceh Besar|Indrapuri]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(1878–1879)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Keumala]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;br&gt;(1879–1898)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Kuta Sawang]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;br&gt;(1898)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Batee Illiek-Samalanga]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;br&gt;(1898–1901)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Loyang Sekam-Laut]]&lt;small&gt;&lt;br&gt;(1901–1903)&lt;/small&gt;
| common_languages       = [[Acehnese language|Acehnese]], [[Malay language|Malay]], [[Arabic language|Arabic]], and other local Language
| languages_type         = Other languages
| languages              = [[Ottoman Turkish]]&lt;ref&gt;https://khazanah.republika.co.id/berita/szsd3d430/lengkap-terjemahan-isi-surat-sultan-aceh-ke-turki-utsmani-pada-1566-part2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Persian Language|Persian]]&lt;br&gt;[[Urdu]]&lt;br&gt;[[Spanish Language|Spanish]]&lt;br&gt;[[Portuguese Language|Portuguese]]&lt;br&gt;[[English Language|English]]&lt;br&gt;[[Dutch Language|Dutch]]&lt;br&gt;[[Tamil language|Tamil]]&lt;br&gt;[[Hindi]]&lt;br&gt;[[Bengali language|Bengali]]&lt;br&gt;[[Thai language|Siamese]]&lt;br&gt;[[Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]&lt;br&gt;[[Javanese language|Javanese]]&lt;br&gt;[[Sundanese language|Sundanese]]&lt;br&gt;[[Batak languages|Bataks]]
| government_type        = Centralized absolute monarchy (c. 1496–1641)&lt;hr&gt;Absolute monarchy under the Sultanahs (1641–1699)&lt;hr&gt;Decentralized / quasi-confederate sultanate under powerful uleebalang federations (1699–1873)&lt;hr&gt;Wartime monarchy during the [[Aceh War]] (1873–1903)&lt;hr&gt;Aceh under the Wali Negara, Uleebalang Federations, Nominal monarchy amid continued resistance (1903–1914)&lt;hr/&gt;
| title_leader           = Sultan
| leader1                = [[Muzaffar Syah]]
| year_leader1           = 1465-1496 (first)
| leader2                = [[Ali Mughayat Syah]]
| year_leader2           = 1514–1530 (the unifier)
| leader3                = [[Iskandar Muda]]
| year_leader3           = 1607–1636 (peak of expansion)
| leader4                = [[Alauddin Muhammad Daud Syah II]]
| year_leader4           = 1875–1903 (last)
| title_deputy           = [[Grand Vizier]]
| deputy1                = Raja Ibrahim
| year_deputy1           = 1496–1523 (first)
| deputy2                = Tuanku Hasyim Banta Muda
| year_deputy2           = 1878–1894 (last)
| currency               = Pèng meuh ngön pirak ([[Dina]] ngön [[Deureuham]]), Keuëh, Kupang
| today                  = {{flag|Indonesia}}&lt;br&gt;{{flag|Malaysia}}&lt;br&gt;{{flag|Thailand}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Porath, N. (2011). The Kingdom of Pattani in the Malay and Thai Political World. Moussons.&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Manan, A., Armi, F. R., &amp; Amri, W. Y. (2022). The Spread of Islam in Pattani, Southern Thailand: A Historical Analysis. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 17(1), 85–95.&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;{{flag|Singapore}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Borschberg, P. (2018). Three questions about maritime Singapore, 16th–17th centuries. Ler História.&quot; /&gt;
| footnotes              = 
| demonym                = Acehnese
| area_km2               = 
| area_rank              = 
| GDP_PPP                = 
| GDP_PPP_year           = 
| HDI                    = 
| HDI_year               = 
}}

[[Beureukaih:Aceh_Sultanate_en.svg|jmpl|ka|250px| Luwah kuwasa Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam bak masa [[Sultan Iskandar Muda]]]]
'''Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam''' (lam [[Haraih Jawoe|haraih jawoë:]] كاورجاون اچيه دارالسلام) nakeuh saböh keurajeuën [[Islam]] rayeuk bak masa nyan nyang na di [[Aceh]], [[Asia Teunggara]] nyang geu peuga lee [[Sôleutan Ali Mughayat Syah]]. Keurajeuën nyoë bak masa neumat le [[Sôleutlan Éseukanda Muda]] nakeuh salah saböh nibak 5 böh keurajeuën rayeuk lam dônya Islam. Di wilayah pulo-pulo nusantara bak abad 17-18 keurajeuën nyoë nakeuh neumat kuwasa ngon meudèelat seureuta bibeuëh nibak ''kolonialisme'' bansa kulét putéh.

Bak puncak jaya keurajeuën nyan nakeuh jeuet keu musôh rayeuek bansa [[Portugéh]] nyang meukeurija saban ngon [[Keurajeuën Joho]] di [[Seumeunanjông Meulayu]]. Keurajeuën Acèh bak masajih neukuwasa punoh ateuëh [[Seulat Malaka]] ngon neuatô cara meuniaga [[lada]] ngon [[timah]]. La'én nibak bideuëng militè nyang cukôp hayeuë bak masa nyan, di [[Banda Acèh]] nakeuh jeuët keu pusat meurunoë agama Islam ngon pusat niaga dônya [[Islam]]

== Tarèh peuneudong neugara ==
[[Beureukaih:Flag of Aceh Sultanate.svg|jmpl|ka|250px| 'Alam neugara Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam]]
Hana ceunatat nyang meuhat keu pajan phôn taréh awai ureuëng [[Bansa Acèh|Acèh]], na saboh peuneugah nyang geukheun nanggroë nyoe geupuëga lé bansa [[Champa]], [[bahsa Acèh]] nakeuh saboh nibak 10 bahsa lam kawan bahsa Acèh-Chamic.

Raja-raja Acèh geutamong [[Islam]] bak teungoh abad keu 15&lt;ref name=&quot;BW114&quot;&gt;Barwise and White, 114&lt;/ref&gt;. Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam geupuga lé [[Sôleutan Ali Mughayat Syah]], nyang geupeuluwah kuwasa gobnyan ateuëh wilayah ujông barôh [[Pulo Ruja]] bak thôn 1520. Bak masa gobnyan geupeutalô padum-padum boh keurajeuën lam neugara Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam lagèe Keurajeuën Deli, Pidië ngon [[Keurajeuën Samudra Pasè|Samudra Pasè]] ngon lheuh nyan geukuwasa lom keurajeuën Aru. Aneuk gobnyan [[Alauddin al-Kahar]] thôn 1571 geupeuluwah lom wilayah sampoe jeu'ôh u tunong pulo Ruja, menan pih gobnyan kureuëng meu hasé bak neucuba kuwasa tanoh di seubrang seulat Malaka. Na meupadum go Keurajeuën Acèh geucuba kuwasa ateuëh [[Johor]] ngon [[Meulaka|Malaka]]&lt;ref&gt;Ricklefs, 33&lt;/ref&gt;, ngon aseuka teuntra nyang that rayeuek seureuta beunantu seunjata nibak [[Utsman bin Affan|Keurajeuën Utsmani]]&lt;ref&gt;Ricklefs, 35&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Geunareh silsilah Sôleutan Keurajeuën Acèh ==
Dimiyup nyoe nakeuh dapeuta Silsilah Keurajeuën Acèh nyang kaheuh geumat kuwasa nibah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nyang na lam catitan seujarah meusyuhu, makmu lom ngon meugah :

# [[Sôleutan Ali Mughayat Syah]], Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1514-1528 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Salahuddin, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1528-1537 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Alaudin Riayat Syah al-Kahar, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1537-1568 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Sri Alam, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1575-1576 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Zain al-Abidin, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1576-1577 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Ala’ al-Abidin, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1577-1589 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Buyung, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1589-1596 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Ala’ al-Din Riayat Syah Sayyid al-Mukammil, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1596-1604 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Ali Riayat Syah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1604-1607 Masehi.
# [[Sôleutan Éseukanda Muda|Sôleutan Iskandar Muda Johan Pahlawan Meukuta Alam]], Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen1607-1636 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Iskandar Thani, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1636-1641 Masehi.
# Sri Ratu Safi al-Din Taj al Alam, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1641-1675 Masehi.
# Sri Ratu Naqvi al-Din Nur al-Alam, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1641-1678 Masehi.
# Sri Ratu Zaqqi al-Din Inayat Syah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1678-1688 Masehi.
# Sri Ratu Kamalat Syah Zinat al-Din, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1688-1699
# Sôleutan Badr al-Alam S Hashim Jamal al-Din, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1699-1702 Masehi
# Sôleutan Perkasa Alam S L, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1702-1703 Masehi
# Sôleutan Jamal al-Alam Badr al-Munir, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1703-1726 Masehi
# Sôleutan Jauhar al-Alam Amin al-Din 1726
# Sôleutan Shyam al-Alam, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1726-1727 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Ala‘ al-Din Ahmad S,  1727-1735 Masehi
# Sôleutan Ala‘ al-Din Johan Syah,  1735-1760 Masehi
# Sôleutan Mahmud Syah Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1760-1781 Maehi.
# Sôleutan Badr al-Din Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1781-1785 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Sulaiman Siah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1785-…
# Sôleutan Alauddin Muhammad Daud Syah.
# Sôleutan Ala‘ al-Din Jauhar al-Alam, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1795-1815 dan 1818-1824 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Syarif Saif al-Alam Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1815-1818 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Muhammad Syah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1824-1838 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Sulaiman Siah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1838-1857 Masehi.
# [[Sôleutan Mansur Syah]] Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1857-1870 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Mahmud Syah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1870-1874 Masehi.
# Sôleutan Muhammad Daud Syah, Geu peurentah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam nibak thoen 1874-1903 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Silsilah Kerajaan Aceh yang pernah berkuasa pada sejarah Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam |url=https://sejarahlengkap.com/indonesia/kerajaan/silsilah-kerajaan-aceh |accessdate=2019-11-11 |archivedate=2019-11-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106141013/https://sejarahlengkap.com/indonesia/kerajaan/silsilah-kerajaan-aceh }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ne ==
{{Reflist}}
== Kitab meuneumat ==
* J.M. Barwise and N.J. White. ''A Traveller’s History of Southeast Asia''. New York: Interlink Books, 2002.
* M.C. Ricklefs. ''A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300'', 2nd ed. Stanford: [[Stanford University Press]], 1994.
{{Authority control}}

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| name         = Napoleon
| image        = Jacques-Louis David - The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries - Google Art Project.jpg
| alt          = Portrait of Napoleon in his late thirties, in white and dark blue military dress uniform. His hair is cropped close but with a short fringe in front, and his right hand is tucked in his waistcoat.
| caption      = ''[[The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries]]'' (1812)
| succession   = [[Emperor of the French]]
| reign        = 18 May 1804 – {{nowrap|6 April 1814}}
| reign-type   = 1st reign
| reign-type1  = [[Hundred Days|2nd reign]]
| reign1       = {{nowrap|20 March 1815 – 22{{nbsp}}June 1815}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| embed        = yes
| office       = [[First Consul of France|First Consul of the French Republic]]
| term_start   = 13 December 1799
| term_end     = 18 May 1804
| office1      = [[French Consulate|Provisional Consul of the French Republic]]
| term_start1  = 10 November 1799
| term_end1    = 12 December 1799
{{Collapsed infobox section begin|Other offices held|titlestyle = border:1px dashed lightgrey}}
| office2      = [[Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine]]
| term_start2  = 12 July 1806
| term_end2    = 19 October 1813
| office3      = [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)|King of Italy]]
| term_start3  = 17 March 1805
| term_end3    = 6 April 1814
| office4      = [[Act of Mediation|Mediator of the Swiss Confederation]]
| term_start4  = 19 February 1803
| term_end4    = 19 October 1813
| office5      = [[Italian Republic (Napoleonic)|President of the Italian Republic]]
| term_start5  = 26 January 1802
| term_end5    = 17 March 1805
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
}}
| birth_name   = Napoleone di Buonaparte
| birth_date   = {{birth date|1769|8|15|df=yes}}
| birth_place  = [[Ajaccio]], Corsica, Peuranceh
| death_date   = {{death date and age|1821|5|5|1769|8|15|df=yes}}
| death_place  = [[Longwood, Saint Helena]]
| burial_date  = 15 December 1840
| burial_place = {{lang|fr|[[Les Invalides]]|italic=no}}, Paris, France
| spouses      = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Joséphine de Beauharnais]]|9 March 1796|10 January 1810|end={{abbr|ann.|annulled}}}}
* {{marriage|[[Marie Louise of Austria]]|11 March 1810|1814|end={{abbr|sep.|separated}}}}}}
| issue        = {{plainlist|
* [[Napoleon II]]
* [[Charles Léon]] ({{Abbr|ill.|illegitimate}})
* [[Alexandre Colonna-Walewski]] ({{Abbr|ill.|illegitimate}})
}}
| issue-link   = #Children
| issue-pipe   = more...
| full name    = Napoléon Bonaparte
| house        = [[House of Bonaparte|Bonaparte]]
| signature    = File:Firma Napoleón Bonaparte.svg
}}
== Asay ngon neubeuët ==
[[Beureukaih:Carlo_Buonaparte.jpg|jmpl|lurus|Ayah Napolèon, [[Carlo Bounaparté]] nakeuh waki Korsika di Keurajaan [[Louis XVI]].]]
Napolèon Bonaparté aneuk numbôy dua nibak tujôh meusyèdara. Jih lahé di [[Casa Bounaparte]], di banda [[Ajaccio]], Korsika, bak uroë 15 buleuën Lapan thôn 1769, saboh thôn lheuëh jipulang [[Rèpublik Genova]] keu [[Peurancih]].&lt;ref&gt;McLynn 1998, p.6&lt;/ref&gt; Jih lahè ngön nan ''Napoleone di Bounaparté'', nyang dudoë jiubah jeuët keu ''Napolèon Bonaparté'' nyang leubèh meubèë Peurancih.{{#tag:ref|Napoleon geukheun ''Nabolione'' lam [[Bahsa Korsika]].&lt;ref&gt;Asprey 2000, p.4&lt;/ref&gt;|group=note}}

Keuluarga Bounaparté saboh keuluarga ulèë balang nyang teuka dari [[Italia]], nyang geuwèh u Korsika bak abad keu-16/&lt;ref&gt;McLynn 1998, h.2&lt;/ref&gt; Ayahjih, ''Nobile'' [[Carlo Bounaparté]], sidroë peungacara, tom jeuët keu waki Korsika watèë [[Louis XVI]] meukuasa bak thôn 1777. Majih nan Maria [[Letizia Ramolino]]. Jih na sidroë aduën, [[Joseph Bonaparté|Joseph]]; ngon 5 adoë, nakeuh [[Lucien Bonaparté|Lucien]], [[Elisa Bonaparté|Elisa]], [[Louis Bonaparté|Louis]], [[Pauline Bonaparté|Pauline]], [[Caroline Bonaparté|Caroline]], ngön [[Jérôme Bonaparté|Jérôme]]. Napolèon ji baptis seubagai [[Geurija Katolik Roma|katolik]] padum-padum uroë seugolom meuulang thôn nyang keudua, pah that bak uroë 21 buleuën Tujôh thôn 1771 di [[Katèdral Ajaccio]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.napoleon.org/en/magazine/museums/files/Cathedral-Ajaccio.asp|title=Cathedral—Ajaccio|publisher=La Fondation Napoléon|accessdate=2008-05-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Meu ulèë balang, kaya, seureuta hubôngan keuluargajih nyang luah jeuët keu na Napolèon ubeuet kri peuluweuëng nyang luah bak jak beuët sampoë tingkat nyang manyang.&lt;ref&gt;Cronin 1994, p.27&lt;/ref&gt; Bak buleuën Sa thôn 1779, Napolèon jidapeuta bak saboh sikula agama di [[Autun]], Peurancih, meukeusud keujijak meurunoë [[bahsa Peurancih]], ngön bak buleuën Limöng jih jidapeuta lom bak saboh sikula mayang militè di [[Brienne-le-Château]]. Bak sikula, jih jimeututô ngon lugat narit Korsika nyang that meuklok sampoë jih kayém jikheun keuh lé ngön-ngön jih; seubab nyan keuh jih ka that sunggôh bak jimeurunoë.&lt;ref&gt;McLynn 1998, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; Napolèon carong bak éleumèë matematika, ngön that meuphôm lam éleumèë seujarah ngon éleumèë bumoë.&lt;ref&gt;Asprey 2000, p.13&lt;/ref&gt; Lheuëh seuleusoë bak neubeuët nyan laju jisambông neubeuët u Brienne bak thôn 1784, Napolèon jidapeuta bak sikula hayeuë [[École Militaire]] di Paris. Disinan jih jilatih jeuët keu sidroë pang [[artileri]]. Watèë meusikula disinan, ayahjih meuninggai. Jih pih ék seuleusoë bak sikula nyan lam sithôn, bak kri nyang biasa sikula nyan barô keuh seuleusoë dua thôn. Jih jiujoë lé sidroë ahli that hayeuë masa nyan [[Pierre-Simon Laplace]], nyang bak masa lheuëh nyan jitunyok lé Napolèon jeuët keu anggèta [[senat]].&lt;ref&gt;McLynn 1998, p.26&lt;/ref&gt;

== Karier militè ==
[[Beureukaih:Jacques-Louis_David_007.jpg|ka|200px|jmpl|Gamba nyang that jithèë ''[[Napoleon Meulingkeuë Alpèn]]'', peuneugot [[Jacques-Louis David]].]]
Jih jeuët keu murib bak sikula manyang militè [[Brienne]] thôn [[1779]] bak umu 10 thôn, ngön that carong sampoë Napolèon jeuët lulôh bak sikula manyang nyan bak umu 15 thôn. Karier militèjih jiék ngon bagah lheuëh jih asé jipeuseungap gabuëk nyang jipeugot lé kawôm meudukông royalis ngon kri nyang jeuët that gura: jitimbak meuriam di banda [[Paris]] dari ateuëh meunara. Keujadian nyan thôn [[1795]] bak watèë Napolèon umu 26 thôn. Meumacam prang asé jipeumeunang droëjih, nibak laén prang meulawan [[Austria]] ngön [[Prusia]].

== Masa meujaya ==
Lam masa jayajih, Napolèon Bonaparté jikuasa rab mandum tanöh [[Iërupa|Eropa]] got ngön diplomasi atawa ngon muprang. Nibak laén nakeuh [[Beulanda]] ngön jibeuôt adoëjih [[Louis Napolèon]],[[Spanyol]] ngön jibeuôt Joseph Napolèon, [[Swedia]] ngön jibeuôt [[Jenderal Bernadotte]] seubagoë raja nyang lheuëh nyan teuma meukhianat, lam bagi rayek wilayah [[Italia]] nyang jireubôt dari Austria ngön [[Polandia]] ngön jibeuôt [[Joseph Poniatowski]] seubagoë wali neugara Polandia.

== Meunikah ==
Napolèon jimeunikah ngön sidroë inöng balèë [[Joséphine de Beauharnais]], lam meurumöh tangga Napolèon peunöh ngön hana peucaya ngön buët meukhianat binoë, lagèë nyang hubôngan Napolèon ngön dara [[Polandia]] [[Maria Walewska]] sampoë akhéjih Joséphine jeuët keu peurumöh seutia. Meudalèh ngön umu nyang leubèh tuha, Joséphine hana meukeuturônan bak Napolèon nyang dudoë jitaleuëk. Lheuëh nyan meunikah lom Napolèon ngon Putroë Kaisar Austria [[Marie Louise]] putroë dari Kaisar [[Francois I]] nyang geuikat hubôngan sikutu Austria ngön Peurancih, paunikah putroë nyan ngön Napolèon nakeuh akai peudana meuntroë [[Matternich]] bah seulamat nanggroë Austria. Hubôngan meunikah nyan meuakhé ngön talô Napolèon nyang keuphôn. Lam talô nyan ka rhet banda [[Paris]] seubab jiprang lé [[Rusia]], [[Austria]] ngön [[Prusia]] Napolèon jidrop ngon ji peuwèh keudéh u pulo [[Elba]]. Marie Louise laju jipuwoë lé ayahjih u [[Wina]].

== Pusaka ==
[[Beureukaih:Jean-Léon Gérôme - Bonaparte Before the Sphinx.jpg|jmpl|ka|300px|''Bonaparte Before the Sphinx,'' (1868) jigamba lé Jean-Léon Gérôme, Hearst Castle]]

=== Prang ===
Lam organisasi militè, Napolèon jipeuturi istilah korps, nyang na nibak meusapat divisi. Jipeugot korps nyoë jidukông cit lé rayek that ureuëng watèë nyan nyang jak dapeuta jeuët keu teuntra, sampoë ka ramèë that-that teuntra jeuët keu jipeugot unit teuntra nyang leubèh rayek nibak divisi.

Napolèon jituri cit ngon meupeuguna artileri meurayek-rayek bak peuhancô musôh, hana harok jih jipeuguna teuntra infantri langsông. Lam jipilh artileri pih jih galak keu artileri nyang glah bak meugrak bah jeuët keu saboh kri meupeusiblah droë lam prang. Saboh artileri nyang that jigalak nakeuh [[meuriam]] [[Sistem Thôn XI]] nyang seubeutôijih leubèh nibak kri inovasi dari meuriam [[Sistem Gribeauval]].

=== Kritik ===
Hana mandum cit prang asé meunang jih. Talô jih bak keuneuk kuasa tanöh [[Mesir]] nyang akibatjih suah meukeuë-keuë teuntra Peurancih meulawan [[Inggréh]], [[Keusultanan Mamluk|Mamluk]] ngön [[Keusultanan Utsmaniyah|Utsmani]]. Adak pih lam gurôn, Napolèon asé jipeutalô teuntra gabôngan Keusultanan Utsmani ngön Keusultanan Mamluk lam [[Prang Piramida]], tapi padum-padum uroë lheuëh nyan Peurancih talô bak meulawan Inggréh lam prang di Teluk Abukir. Armada Horatio Nelson (Lakseumana Inggréh) nyang keudua go jih meupeutalô armada Peurancih. Go nyoë lam prang di laôt Trafalgar antara armada Peurancis-Spanyol nyang jipimpin lé Lakseumana Villeneuve ngön armada [[Britania Raya]] nyang jipimpin lé Lakseumana Nelson, adak pih Nelson maté lam prang nyan keunong timbak bak teuntra seunapan Peurancih.

Talô lom Napolèon bak jak prang [[Rusia]] seubab hayeuë that ngon carong that kri strategi Jenderal Mikhail Kutuzov ngön Tsar Aleksandr I dari Rusia lam jilawan teuntra Peurancih ngön jimanfa'at keuneunöng leupië Rusia nyang jeuët peumaté ureuëng nyan ban leupië jih. Watèe nyan Napolèon talô seubab jikhianat lé Raja Swedia, Jendral Bernadotte. Strategi Rusia lam hai nyoë nakeuh jitet banda [[Moskow]] lheuëh Napolèon asé peutaklôk banda nyan lam prang nyang that brat di Borodino.

Ngön talô di Rusia habéh keuh karier jih seubagoë Kaisar Peurancih lheuëh nyan na jiwèh u pulo Elba ngön jigisa u Peurancih 100 uroë, lheuëh nyan talô lom lam prang Waterloo watèë meurumpok ngon pasukan Inggréh nyang jipimpin lé Jenderal Blucher. Talô disinan Napolèon nyang ka meunyeurah jiboh keudéh u pulo [[Saint Helena]] sampoë maté jih.

== Referensi ==
=== Catatan meuyub ===
{{reflist|2}}

=== Dapeuta kitab ===
* {{Cite book|title=Life of Napoleon Bonaparte|last=Abbott|first=John|isbn=1-4179-7063-4|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2005}}
* {{Cite book|first=Ken|last=Alder|title=The Measure of All Things—The Seven-Year Odyssey and Hidden Error That Transformed the World|publisher=[[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]]|year=2002|isbn=0-7432-1675-X}}
* {{Cite book|last=Alter|first=Peter|title=Unity and Diversity in European Culture c. 1800|editor=[[T. C. W. Blanning]] and [[Hagen Schulze]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|isbn=0-19-726382-8}}
* {{Cite book|title=Napoleon and Persia|first=Iradj|last=Amini|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=n5IOAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA12|year=2000|isbn=0-934211-58-2|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis}}
* {{Cite book|title=World History of Warfare|first=Christon I.|last=Archer|coauthors=John R. Ferris, Holger H. Herwig|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|year=2002|isbn=0-8032-4423-1}}
* {{Cite book|title=Between Salt Water And Holy Water: A History Of Southern Italy|last=Astarita|first=Tommaso|year=2005|publisher=W. W. Norton &amp; Company|isbn=0-393-05864-6}}
* {{Cite book|year=1845|title=Recollections of the Emperor Napoleon|first=Lucia Elizabeth|last=Balcombe Abell|publisher=J. Murray|oclc=9123757}}
* {{Cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Pw5jup_LyHAC&amp;lpg=PA212&amp;dq=%22total%20war%22%20napoleon&amp;pg=PA13#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|title=The First Total War|last=Bell|first=David|isbn=0-618-34965-0|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|year=2007}}
* {{cite web|url=http://litmed.med.nyu.edu/Annotation?action=view&amp;annid=10375|title=Execution of the Defenders of Madrid, 3&amp;nbsp;May 1808|publisher=New York University|accessdate=18 November 2008|year=2002|last=Bertman|first=Sandra|archive-date=23 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323212419/http://litmed.med.nyu.edu/Annotation?action=view|dead-url=yes}}
* {{Cite book|first=Rafe|last=Blaufarb|title=Napoleon: Symbol for an Age, A Brief History with Documents|year=2007|publisher=Bedford|isbn=0-312-43110-4}}
* {{Cite book|last=Bordes|first=Philippe|title=Jacques-Louis David|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0-300-12346-9|year=2007}}
* {{Cite book|last=Boycott-Brown|first=Martin|title=The Road to Rivoli: Napoleon's First Campaign|publisher=Cassell &amp; Co|year=2001|isbn=0-304-35305-1}}
* {{Cite book|last=Chandler|first=David|authorlink=David G. Chandler|title=The Campaigns of Napoleon, Volume 1|publisher=9780025236608|year=1973|isbn=0-02-523660-1}}
* {{Cite book|last=Chandler|first=David|title=The Campaigns of Napoleon|publisher=Simon &amp; Schuster|year=1995|isbn=0-02-523660-1}}
* {{Cite book|last=Chandler|first=David|title=Napoleon|publisher=Leo Cooper|year=2002|isbn=0-85052-750-3}}
* {{Cite book|last=Chesney|first=Charles|title=Waterloo Lectures:A Study Of The Campaign Of 1815|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2006|isbn=1-4286-4988-3}}
* {{Cite book|year=2006|title=Blundering to Glory: Napoleon's Military Campaigns|first=Owen|last=Connelly|publisher=Rowman &amp; Littlefield|isbn=0-7425-5318-3}}
* {{Cite book|title=The Billy Ruffian: The Bellerophon and the Downfall of Napoleon|first=David|last=Cordingly|year=2004|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=1-58234-468-X}}
* {{Cite book|first=Vincent|last=Cronin|authorlink=Vincent Cronin|title=Napoleon|publisher=HarperCollins|year=1994|isbn=0-00-637521-9}}
* {{Cite book|title=Is Arsenic an Aphrodisiac?|last=Cullen|first=William|year=2008|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|isbn=0-85404-363-2}}
* {{Cite book|title=As Befits a Legend|publisher=Kent State University Press|isbn=0-87338-484-9|last=Driskel|first=Paul|year=1993}}
* {{cite web|last=Dunan|first=Marcel|url=http://www.napoleon.org/fr/salle_lecture/articles/files/Taillenapo_RIN_89_oct1963_2006.asp|title=Napoleon's height|language=French|accessdate=11 January 2009|publisher=La Fondation Napoléon|year=1963}}
* {{Cite book|title=Napoleon:The Path to Power 1769–1799|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=2008|last=Dwyer|first=Philip|isbn=978-0-7475-6677-9}}
* {{Cite book|title=Roman Presences|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-59197-X|year=1999|last=Edwards|first=Catharine}}
* {{Cite book|isbn=0-313-31912-X|title=Conscription and democracy: The Draft in France, Great Britain, and the United States|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2001|first=George Q.|last=Flynn}}
* {{Cite book|last=Fremont-Barnes|first=Gregory|coauthors=Todd Fisher|title=The Napoleonic Wars: The Rise and Fall of an Empire|publisher=Osprey|year=2004|isbn=1-84176-831-6}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.lib.unc.edu/ncc/gallery/napo.html|title=Death Mask of Napoleon|accessdate=4 August 2008|publisher=University of North Carolina|last=Fulghum|first=Neil|year=2007}}
* {{Cite book|last=Gates|first=David|title=The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War|publisher=Da Capo Press|year=2001|isbn=0-306-81083-2}}
* {{Cite book|last=Gates|first=David|title=The Napoleonic Wars, 1803–1815|publisher=Pimlico|isbn=0-7126-0719-6|year=2003}}
* {{Cite book|first=Pieter|last=Geyl|authorlink=Pieter Geyl|title=Napoleon For and Against|origyear=1947|year=1982|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=0-452-00057-2}}
* {{Cite book|title=1805: Austerlitz: Napoleon and the Destruction of the Third Coalition|publisher=Greenhill Books|first=Robert|last=Goetz|year=2005|isbn=1-85367-644-6}}
* {{Cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FUaIGHxCIEwC&amp;pg=PA181&amp;dq=napoleon+height#PPA181,M1|title=Size Matters|year=2006|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|last=Hall|first=Stephen|isbn=0-618-47040-9}}
* {{cite web|title=The Claremont Institute: The Little Tyrant, A review of ''Napoleon: A Penguin Life''|url=http://www.claremont.org/publications/crb/id.1038/article_detail.asp|accessdate=30 May 2008|publisher=The Claremont Institute|author=Hanson, Victor Davis|year=2003|archivedate=3 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503172242/http://www.claremont.org/publications/crb/id.1038/article_detail.asp}}
* {{Cite book|first=Robert|last=Harvey|year=2006|title=The War of Wars|publisher=Robinson|isbn=978-1-84529-635-3}}
* {{Cite journal|journal=Clinical Chemistry|url=http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/reprint/54/12/2092 |title=The Death of Napoleon, Cancer or Arsenic?|last=Hindmarsh|first=J. Thomas|coauthors=John Savory|volume=54|page=2092 |doi=10.1373/clinchem.2008.117358 |publisher=American Association for Clinical Chemistry |year=2008 |accessdate=10 October 2010|issue=12}}
* {{Cite book|title=Race, Racism, and Science|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=1-85109-448-2|last=Jackson|first=John|year=2004}}
* {{Cite book|last=Johnson|first=P.|title=Napoleon: A life|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002 |isbn=0-670-03078-3|url=http://www.amazon.com/Napoleon-Penguin-Lives-Paul-Johnson/dp/0670030783/}}
* {{Cite book|first=Inari|last=Karsh|title=Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East, 1789–1923|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2001|isbn=0-674-00541-4|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=UBilaKRKkC&amp;pg=PA11}}{{Dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{Cite book|first=Don|coauthors=Petie Kladstrup|last=Kladstrup|title=Champagne: How the World's Most Glamorous Wine Triumphed Over War and Hard Times|publisher=William Morrow|isbn=0-06-073792-1|year=2005}}
* {{Cite book|first=Marie Adelaide Belloc|last=Lowndes|authorlink=Marie Adelaide Belloc Lowndes|title=Where Love And Friendship Dwelt|publisher=Macmillan|year=1943|oclc=67554055}}
* {{Cite book|title=Dom Pedro: The Struggle for Liberty in Brazil and Portugal, 1798–1834|last=Macaulay|first=Neill|publisher=Duke University Press|year=1986|isbn=0-8223-0681-6}}
* {{Cite book|last=Markham|first=Felix|title=Napoleon|publisher=Mass Market Paperback|year=1988|isbn=0-451-62798-9|url=http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=10369968}}
* {{Cite book|first=Frank|last=McLynn|title=Napoleon|publisher=Pimlico|year=1998|isbn=0-7126-6247-2|url= http://www.amazon.co.uk/Napoleon-Frank-McLynn/dp/0712662472}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Measurement.html|title=The history of measurement|publisher=St Andrew's University|accessdate=18 July 2008|year=2003|last=O'Connor|first=J|coauthors=E F Robertson}}
* {{Cite book|year=2003|last=Outhwaite|first=William|isbn=0-631-22164-6|publisher=Blackwell|title=The Blackwell Dictionary of Modern Social Thought}}
* {{Cite journal|publisher=HeinOnline|title=1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict|edition=vol 28|last=Poulos|first=Anthi|journal=International Journal of Legal Information|year=2000|url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?collection=journals&amp;handle=hein.journals/ijli28&amp;div=12&amp;id=&amp;page=}}
* {{Cite book|year=2007|title=[[The Crime of Napoleon|Napoleon's Crimes: A Blueprint for Hitler]]|publisher=Oneworld Publications|first=Claude|last=Ribbe|authorlink=Claude Ribbe|isbn=1-85168-533-2}}
* {{Cite book|last=Roberts|first=Andrew|title=Napoleon and Wellington|publisher=Weidenfeld and Nicholson|isbn=0-297-64607-9|year=2001}}
* {{Cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=MdMZqhMzfpYC&amp;pg=PR9&amp;dq=bogeyman+napoleon+nursery+%22bonaparte+will+pass%22#PPA93,M1|title=Heavy Words Lightly Thrown|publisher=Granta|isbn=1-86207-765-7|year=2004|last=Roberts|first=Chris}}
* {{Cite book|isbn=1-84520-817-X|first=Raffael|last=Scheck|publisher=Berg|title=Germany, 1871–1945: A Concise History|year=2008}}
* {{Cite book|last=Schom|first=Alan|authorlink=Alan Schom|title=Napoleon Bonaparte|year=1997|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-017214-5}}
* {{Cite book|last=Schwarzfuchs|first=Simon|publisher=Routledge|year=1979|isbn=0-19-710023-6|title=Napoleon, the Jews and the Sanhedrin}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A030078b.htm|title=Balcombe, Alexander Beatson (1811–77)|publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography Online|last=Thomson|first=Kathleen|accessdate=27 May 2008|year=1969|archive-date=15 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515154458/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/balcombe-alexander-beatson-2922|dead-url=yes}}
* {{Cite book|title=The Way the World Works|last=Wanniski|first=Jude|publisher=Regnery Gateway|isbn=0-89526-344-0|year=1998}}
* {{Cite book|title=Tricolor and crescent|first=William|last=Watson|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=o4vrUbMK5eEC&amp;pg=PA13|isbn= 0-275-97470-7|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|accessdate=12 June 2009|year=2003}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wells|first=David|title=The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Geometry|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|isbn=0-14-011813-6|year=1992}}
* {{Cite book|title=Napoleon's Submarine|year=1972|last=Wilkins|first=William|isbn=0-450-01028-7|publisher=New English Library|origyear=1944}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Wilson|first=J|date=2 August 1975|title=Dr. Archibald Arnott: Surgeon to the 20th Foot and Physician to Napoleon|journal=[[British Medical Journal]]|issue=vol.3|accessdate=7 June 2008|pmc=1674241|pmid=1097047|volume=3|pages=293–5|doi=10.1136/bmj.3.5978.293}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wood|first=Philip|title=The Law and Practice of International Finance Series|publisher=Sweet &amp; Maxwell|year=2007|isbn=1-84703-210-9}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.historytoday.com/MainArticle.aspx?m=31103&amp;amid=30222626|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080425054948/http://www.historytoday.com/MainArticle.aspx?m=31103&amp;amid=30222626|archivedate=25 April 2008|title=Napoleon's Last Journey|publisher=History Today|accessdate=12 July 2008|last=Woodward|first=Chris|issue=7|year=2005|month=July}}

== Catatan gaki ==
&lt;references group=&quot;note&quot;/&gt;

== Peunawôt luwa ==
{{wikiquote}}
 
* {{en}} [http://www.napoleon.org/en/home.asp Napoleon.org]
* {{en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20130520075443/http://www.napoleonexhibit.com/ NapoleonExhibit.com]


{{Kotak_mulai}}
{{S-off}}
{{succession box 
| title = [[Daftar Raja Perancis|Raja Perancis]]
| years = [[1804]]-[[1814]]
| before = [[Louis XVII dari Perancis|Louis XVII]] &lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;de facto&lt;/small&gt;
| after = [[Louis XVIII dari Perancis|Louis XVIII]]}}
{{succession box 
| title = [[Daftar Raja Perancis|Raja Perancis]]
| years = [[1815]]-[[1815]]
| before = [[Louis XVIII dari Perancis|Louis XVIII]] 
| after = [[Louis XVIII dari Perancis|Louis XVIII]]}}
{{Kotak_selesai}}
{{raja Peurancih}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bonaparte, Napoleon}}

{{Commonscat|Napoleon I of France}}
[[Kawan:Tokoh keturunan Italia]]
[[Kawan:Kaisar Perancis]]
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|name        = Aleksander Agung&lt;br&gt;Μέγας Αλέξανδρος
|title       = {{plainlist|
* [[Basileus]]
* [[Hegemoni|Hegemon]] [[Liga Korinthos|Liga Helen]]
* [[Syah (gelar)|Syahansyah Iran]]
* [[Peuraun]] [[Meusé Kuno|Meusé]]
* [[Penguasa Asia]]
}}
|image       = Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg
|caption     = Aleksander bertempur melawan [[Darius III dari Persia|Darius III]]. Dari [[Mozaik Aleksander]], [[Museum Arkeologi Nasional Napoli]]
|full name = 
|native_lang1 = [[Bahasa Yunani|Julukan]]
|native_lang1_name1 = {{plainlist |
* Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος{{efn|1=Nama ''Αλέξανδρος'' berasal dari kata kerja &quot;ἀλέξω&quot; (alexō), &quot;menangkis, mencegah, membela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw ἀλέξω] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903142359/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw |date=2019-09-03 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; dan kata benda &quot;ἀνδρός&quot; (andros), genitif dari &quot;ἀνήρ&quot; (anēr), &quot;orang-orang&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr ἀνήρ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512222607/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr |date=2017-05-12 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; sehingga bermakna &quot;pelindung orang-orang.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2009-12-11|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|title=Alexander|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|archive-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920175420/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (Mégas Aléxandros, Aleksander Agung)
* Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Aleksander yang Agung)
}}
|succession   = [[Daftar raja Makedonia kuno|Raja Makedonia]]
|reign        = 336–323 SM
|predecessor  = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|successor    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession3   = [[Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno|Peuraun Meusé]]
|reign3        = 332–323 SM
|predecessor3  = [[Darius III]]
|successor3    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession4   = [[Daftar kepala monarki Iran#Argeadai Yunani (Makedonia)|Raja Diraja Iran]]
|reign4        = 330–323 SM
|predecessor4  = [[Darius III]]
|successor4    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|regent4       = [[Besos|Artahsasta V]] (330-329 SM)
|reg-type4      = Pesaing
|spouse        = [[Roxana|Roxana dari Baktria]]&lt;br&gt;[[Stateira (putri Darius III)|Stateira dari Persia]]&lt;br&gt;[[Parysatis (putri Artahsasta III)|Parysatis dari Persia]]
|issue         = [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
|house         = [[Dinasti Argeadai|Argeadai]]
|royal anthem  =
|father        = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|mother        = [[Olimpias|Olimpias dari Epiros]]
|birth_date    = 20 atau 21 Juli 356 SM
|birth_place   = [[Pella]], Makedonia
|death_date    = 10 atau 11 Juni 323 SM (usia 32 tahun)&lt;!--32 tahun, 10 bulan dan 20 hari (perkiraan)--&gt;
|death_place   = [[Babilonia]]
|religion      = [[Agama di Yunani kuno|Politeisme Yunani]]
}}
[[Beureukaih:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|300px|ka|jmpl|Raja Alexander Agung]]
[[Beureukaih:AlexanderTheGreat Bust Transparent.png|jmpl|250px|Raja Alexander Agung]]

'''Alexander Agông''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]]: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros) (Buleuen Siblah atawa Buleuen Duwa Blah 356 SM - 10 Buleuen Sikureueng 323 SM), geuhey cit '''Alexander III dari Makedonia''' nyang hareutoejih nakeuh Raja Makedon, nakeuh raja nibak thon 338 SM troh 'an thon 323 SM.

== ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Alexander and Aristotle.jpg
File:AlexanderAndLion.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Commons|Alexander the Great|Alexander Agung}}
{{Commonscat|Alexander the Great}}

[[Kawan:Makèdonia]]</text>
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|name        = Aleksander Agung&lt;br&gt;Μέγας Αλέξανδρος
|title       = {{plainlist|
* [[Basileus]]
* [[Hegemoni|Hegemon]] [[Liga Korinthos|Liga Helen]]
* [[Syah (gelar)|Syahansyah Iran]]
* [[Peuraun]] [[Meusé Kuno|Meusé]]
* [[Penguasa Asia]]
}}
|image       = Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg
|caption     = Aleksander bertempur melawan [[Darius III dari Persia|Darius III]]. Dari [[Mozaik Aleksander]], [[Museum Arkeologi Nasional Napoli]]
|full name = 
|native_lang1 = [[Bahasa Yunani|Julukan]]
|native_lang1_name1 = {{plainlist |
* Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος{{efn|1=Nama ''Αλέξανδρος'' berasal dari kata kerja &quot;ἀλέξω&quot; (alexō), &quot;menangkis, mencegah, membela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw ἀλέξω] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903142359/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw |date=2019-09-03 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; dan kata benda &quot;ἀνδρός&quot; (andros), genitif dari &quot;ἀνήρ&quot; (anēr), &quot;orang-orang&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr ἀνήρ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512222607/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr |date=2017-05-12 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; sehingga bermakna &quot;pelindung orang-orang.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2009-12-11|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|title=Alexander|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|archive-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920175420/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (Mégas Aléxandros, Aleksander Agung)
* Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Aleksander yang Agung)
}}
|succession   = [[Daftar raja Makedonia kuno|Raja Makedonia]]
|reign        = 336–323 SM
|predecessor  = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|successor    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession3   = [[Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno|Peuraun Meusé]]
|reign3        = 332–323 SM
|predecessor3  = [[Darius III]]
|successor3    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession4   = [[Daftar kepala monarki Iran#Argeadai Yunani (Makedonia)|Raja Diraja Iran]]
|reign4        = 330–323 SM
|predecessor4  = [[Darius III]]
|successor4    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|regent4       = [[Besos|Artahsasta V]] (330-329 SM)
|reg-type4      = Pesaing
|spouse        = [[Roxana|Roxana dari Baktria]]&lt;br&gt;[[Stateira (putri Darius III)|Stateira dari Persia]]&lt;br&gt;[[Parysatis (putri Artahsasta III)|Parysatis dari Persia]]
|issue         = [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
|house         = [[Dinasti Argeadai|Argeadai]]
|royal anthem  =
|father        = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|mother        = [[Olimpias|Olimpias dari Epiros]]
|birth_date    = 20 atau 21 Juli 356 SM
|birth_place   = [[Pella]], Makedonia
|death_date    = 10 atau 11 Juni 323 SM (usia 32 tahun)&lt;!--32 tahun, 10 bulan dan 20 hari (perkiraan)--&gt;
|death_place   = [[Babilonia]]
|religion      = [[Agama di Yunani kuno|Politeisme Yunani]]
}}
[[Beureukaih:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|300px|ka|jmpl|Raja Alexander Agung]]
[[Beureukaih:AlexanderTheGreat Bust Transparent.png|jmpl|250px|Raja Alexander Agung]]

'''Alexander Agông''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]]: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros) (Buleuen Siblah atawa Buleuen Duwa Blah 356 SM - 10 Buleuen Sikureueng 323 SM), geuhey cit '''Alexander III dari Makedonia''' nyang hareutoejih nakeuh Raja Makedon, nakeuh raja nibak thon 338 SM troh 'an thon 323 SM.

== Asoë ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Alexander and Aristotle.jpg
File:AlexanderAndLion.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Commons|Alexander the Great|Alexander Agung}}

== Nè ==
{{Commonscat|Alexander the Great}}

[[Kawan:Makèdonia]]</text>
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|name        = Aleksander Agung&lt;br&gt;Μέγας Αλέξανδρος
|title       = {{plainlist|
* [[Basileus]]
* [[Hegemoni|Hegemon]] [[Liga Korinthos|Liga Helen]]
* [[Syah (gelar)|Syahansyah Iran]]
* [[Peuraun]] [[Meusé Kuno|Meusé]]
* [[Penguasa Asia]]
}}
|image       = Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg
|caption     = Aleksander bertempur melawan [[Darius III dari Persia|Darius III]]. Dari [[Mozaik Aleksander]], [[Museum Arkeologi Nasional Napoli]]
|full name = 
|native_lang1 = [[Bahasa Yunani|Julukan]]
|native_lang1_name1 = {{plainlist |
* Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος{{efn|1=Nama ''Αλέξανδρος'' berasal dari kata kerja &quot;ἀλέξω&quot; (alexō), &quot;menangkis, mencegah, membela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw ἀλέξω] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903142359/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw |date=2019-09-03 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; dan kata benda &quot;ἀνδρός&quot; (andros), genitif dari &quot;ἀνήρ&quot; (anēr), &quot;orang-orang&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr ἀνήρ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512222607/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr |date=2017-05-12 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; sehingga bermakna &quot;pelindung orang-orang.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2009-12-11|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|title=Alexander|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|archive-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920175420/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (Mégas Aléxandros, Aleksander Agung)
* Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Aleksander yang Agung)
}}
|succession   = [[Daftar raja Makedonia kuno|Raja Makedonia]]
|reign        = 336–323 SM
|predecessor  = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|successor    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession3   = [[Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno|Peuraun Meusé]]
|reign3        = 332–323 SM
|predecessor3  = [[Darius III]]
|successor3    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession4   = [[Daftar kepala monarki Iran#Argeadai Yunani (Makedonia)|Raja Diraja Iran]]
|reign4        = 330–323 SM
|predecessor4  = [[Darius III]]
|successor4    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|regent4       = [[Besos|Artahsasta V]] (330-329 SM)
|reg-type4      = Pesaing
|spouse        = [[Roxana|Roxana dari Baktria]]&lt;br&gt;[[Stateira (putri Darius III)|Stateira dari Persia]]&lt;br&gt;[[Parysatis (putri Artahsasta III)|Parysatis dari Persia]]
|issue         = [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
|house         = [[Dinasti Argeadai|Argeadai]]
|royal anthem  =
|father        = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|mother        = [[Olimpias|Olimpias dari Epiros]]
|birth_date    = 20 atau 21 Juli 356 SM
|birth_place   = [[Pella]], Makedonia
|death_date    = 10 atau 11 Juni 323 SM (usia 32 tahun)&lt;!--32 tahun, 10 bulan dan 20 hari (perkiraan)--&gt;
|death_place   = [[Babilonia]]
|religion      = [[Agama di Yunani kuno|Politeisme Yunani]]
}}
[[Beureukaih:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|300px|ka|jmpl|Raja Alexander Agung]]
[[Beureukaih:AlexanderTheGreat Bust Transparent.png|jmpl|250px|Raja Alexander Agung]]

'''Alexander Agông''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]]: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros) (Buleuen Siblah atawa Buleuen Duwa Blah 356 SM - 10 Buleuen Sikureueng 323 SM), geuhey cit '''Alexander III dari Makedonia''' nyang hareutoejih nakeuh Raja Makedon, nakeuh raja nibak thon 338 SM troh 'an thon 323 SM.

== Asoë Leumah ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Alexander and Aristotle.jpg
File:AlexanderAndLion.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Commons|Alexander the Great|Alexander Agung}}

== Nè ==
{{Commonscat|Alexander the Great}}

[[Kawan:Makèdonia]]</text>
      <sha1>1m16hv2flm1g86kvm2qhdmn7jht1okj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157673</id>
      <parentid>157672</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:03:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157673</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4360" sha1="gllxasp2j75rkzfnjerasd9zrbdoutu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
|name        = Aleksander Agung&lt;br&gt;Μέγας Αλέξανδρος
|title       = {{plainlist|
* [[Basileus]]
* [[Hegemoni|Hegemon]] [[Liga Korinthos|Liga Helen]]
* [[Syah (gelar)|Syahansyah Iran]]
* [[Peuraun]] [[Meusé|Meusé]]
* [[Penguasa Asia]]
}}
|image       = Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg
|caption     = Aleksander bertempur melawan [[Darius III dari Persia|Darius III]]. Dari [[Mozaik Aleksander]], [[Museum Arkeologi Nasional Napoli]]
|full name = 
|native_lang1 = [[Bahasa Yunani|Julukan]]
|native_lang1_name1 = {{plainlist |
* Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος{{efn|1=Nama ''Αλέξανδρος'' berasal dari kata kerja &quot;ἀλέξω&quot; (alexō), &quot;menangkis, mencegah, membela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw ἀλέξω] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903142359/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw |date=2019-09-03 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; dan kata benda &quot;ἀνδρός&quot; (andros), genitif dari &quot;ἀνήρ&quot; (anēr), &quot;orang-orang&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr ἀνήρ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512222607/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr |date=2017-05-12 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; sehingga bermakna &quot;pelindung orang-orang.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2009-12-11|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|title=Alexander|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|archive-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920175420/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (Mégas Aléxandros, Aleksander Agung)
* Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Aleksander yang Agung)
}}
|succession   = [[Daftar raja Makedonia kuno|Raja Makedonia]]
|reign        = 336–323 SM
|predecessor  = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|successor    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession3   = [[Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno|Peuraun Meusé]]
|reign3        = 332–323 SM
|predecessor3  = [[Darius III]]
|successor3    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession4   = [[Daftar kepala monarki Iran#Argeadai Yunani (Makedonia)|Raja Diraja Iran]]
|reign4        = 330–323 SM
|predecessor4  = [[Darius III]]
|successor4    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|regent4       = [[Besos|Artahsasta V]] (330-329 SM)
|reg-type4      = Pesaing
|spouse        = [[Roxana|Roxana dari Baktria]]&lt;br&gt;[[Stateira (putri Darius III)|Stateira dari Persia]]&lt;br&gt;[[Parysatis (putri Artahsasta III)|Parysatis dari Persia]]
|issue         = [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
|house         = [[Dinasti Argeadai|Argeadai]]
|royal anthem  =
|father        = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|mother        = [[Olimpias|Olimpias dari Epiros]]
|birth_date    = 20 atau 21 Juli 356 SM
|birth_place   = [[Pella]], Makedonia
|death_date    = 10 atau 11 Juni 323 SM (usia 32 tahun)&lt;!--32 tahun, 10 bulan dan 20 hari (perkiraan)--&gt;
|death_place   = [[Babilonia]]
|religion      = [[Agama di Yunani kuno|Politeisme Yunani]]
}}
[[Beureukaih:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|300px|ka|jmpl|Raja Alexander Agung]]
[[Beureukaih:AlexanderTheGreat Bust Transparent.png|jmpl|250px|Raja Alexander Agung]]

'''Alexander Agông''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]]: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros) (Buleuen Siblah atawa Buleuen Duwa Blah 356 SM - 10 Buleuen Sikureueng 323 SM), geuhey cit '''Alexander III dari Makedonia''' nyang hareutoejih nakeuh Raja Makedon, nakeuh raja nibak thon 338 SM troh 'an thon 323 SM.

== Asoë Leumah ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Alexander and Aristotle.jpg
File:AlexanderAndLion.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Commons|Alexander the Great|Alexander Agung}}

== Nè ==
{{Commonscat|Alexander the Great}}

[[Kawan:Makèdonia]]</text>
      <sha1>gllxasp2j75rkzfnjerasd9zrbdoutu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157695</id>
      <parentid>157673</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T01:29:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Alexander Agung]] u [[Alexander Agông]]: 'Agung' ejaan indo/melayu. </comment>
      <origin>157673</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4360" sha1="gllxasp2j75rkzfnjerasd9zrbdoutu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
|name        = Aleksander Agung&lt;br&gt;Μέγας Αλέξανδρος
|title       = {{plainlist|
* [[Basileus]]
* [[Hegemoni|Hegemon]] [[Liga Korinthos|Liga Helen]]
* [[Syah (gelar)|Syahansyah Iran]]
* [[Peuraun]] [[Meusé|Meusé]]
* [[Penguasa Asia]]
}}
|image       = Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg
|caption     = Aleksander bertempur melawan [[Darius III dari Persia|Darius III]]. Dari [[Mozaik Aleksander]], [[Museum Arkeologi Nasional Napoli]]
|full name = 
|native_lang1 = [[Bahasa Yunani|Julukan]]
|native_lang1_name1 = {{plainlist |
* Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος{{efn|1=Nama ''Αλέξανδρος'' berasal dari kata kerja &quot;ἀλέξω&quot; (alexō), &quot;menangkis, mencegah, membela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw ἀλέξω] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903142359/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw |date=2019-09-03 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; dan kata benda &quot;ἀνδρός&quot; (andros), genitif dari &quot;ἀνήρ&quot; (anēr), &quot;orang-orang&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr ἀνήρ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512222607/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr |date=2017-05-12 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; sehingga bermakna &quot;pelindung orang-orang.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2009-12-11|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|title=Alexander|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|archive-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920175420/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (Mégas Aléxandros, Aleksander Agung)
* Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Aleksander yang Agung)
}}
|succession   = [[Daftar raja Makedonia kuno|Raja Makedonia]]
|reign        = 336–323 SM
|predecessor  = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|successor    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession3   = [[Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno|Peuraun Meusé]]
|reign3        = 332–323 SM
|predecessor3  = [[Darius III]]
|successor3    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession4   = [[Daftar kepala monarki Iran#Argeadai Yunani (Makedonia)|Raja Diraja Iran]]
|reign4        = 330–323 SM
|predecessor4  = [[Darius III]]
|successor4    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|regent4       = [[Besos|Artahsasta V]] (330-329 SM)
|reg-type4      = Pesaing
|spouse        = [[Roxana|Roxana dari Baktria]]&lt;br&gt;[[Stateira (putri Darius III)|Stateira dari Persia]]&lt;br&gt;[[Parysatis (putri Artahsasta III)|Parysatis dari Persia]]
|issue         = [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
|house         = [[Dinasti Argeadai|Argeadai]]
|royal anthem  =
|father        = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|mother        = [[Olimpias|Olimpias dari Epiros]]
|birth_date    = 20 atau 21 Juli 356 SM
|birth_place   = [[Pella]], Makedonia
|death_date    = 10 atau 11 Juni 323 SM (usia 32 tahun)&lt;!--32 tahun, 10 bulan dan 20 hari (perkiraan)--&gt;
|death_place   = [[Babilonia]]
|religion      = [[Agama di Yunani kuno|Politeisme Yunani]]
}}
[[Beureukaih:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|300px|ka|jmpl|Raja Alexander Agung]]
[[Beureukaih:AlexanderTheGreat Bust Transparent.png|jmpl|250px|Raja Alexander Agung]]

'''Alexander Agông''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]]: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros) (Buleuen Siblah atawa Buleuen Duwa Blah 356 SM - 10 Buleuen Sikureueng 323 SM), geuhey cit '''Alexander III dari Makedonia''' nyang hareutoejih nakeuh Raja Makedon, nakeuh raja nibak thon 338 SM troh 'an thon 323 SM.

== Asoë Leumah ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Alexander and Aristotle.jpg
File:AlexanderAndLion.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Commons|Alexander the Great|Alexander Agung}}

== Nè ==
{{Commonscat|Alexander the Great}}

[[Kawan:Makèdonia]]</text>
      <sha1>gllxasp2j75rkzfnjerasd9zrbdoutu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157700</id>
      <parentid>157695</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T01:39:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157700</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4361" sha1="5arq2fl9arjxrs18bxjmnsszfl53vjk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
|name        = Aleksander Agông&lt;br&gt;Μέγας Αλέξανδρος
|title       = {{plainlist|
* [[Basileus]]
* [[Hegemoni|Hegemon]] [[Liga Korinthos|Liga Helen]]
* [[Syah (gelar)|Syahansyah Iran]]
* [[Peuraun]] [[Meusé|Meusé]]
* [[Penguasa Asia]]
}}
|image       = Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg
|caption     = Aleksander bertempur melawan [[Darius III dari Persia|Darius III]]. Dari [[Mozaik Aleksander]], [[Museum Arkeologi Nasional Napoli]]
|full name = 
|native_lang1 = [[Bahasa Yunani|Julukan]]
|native_lang1_name1 = {{plainlist |
* Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος{{efn|1=Nama ''Αλέξανδρος'' berasal dari kata kerja &quot;ἀλέξω&quot; (alexō), &quot;menangkis, mencegah, membela&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw ἀλέξω] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903142359/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29le%2Fcw |date=2019-09-03 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; dan kata benda &quot;ἀνδρός&quot; (andros), genitif dari &quot;ἀνήρ&quot; (anēr), &quot;orang-orang&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr ἀνήρ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512222607/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da%29nh%2Fr |date=2017-05-12 }}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', di Perseus Digital Library&lt;/ref&gt; sehingga bermakna &quot;pelindung orang-orang.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|accessdate=2009-12-11|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|title=Alexander|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|archive-date=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920175420/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=Alexander&amp;searchmode=none|dead-url=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} (Mégas Aléxandros, Aleksander Agung)
* Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας (Aléxandros ho Mégas, Aleksander yang Agung)
}}
|succession   = [[Daftar raja Makedonia kuno|Raja Makedonia]]
|reign        = 336–323 SM
|predecessor  = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|successor    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession3   = [[Daftar penguasa Mesir kuno|Peuraun Meusé]]
|reign3        = 332–323 SM
|predecessor3  = [[Darius III]]
|successor3    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|succession4   = [[Daftar kepala monarki Iran#Argeadai Yunani (Makedonia)|Raja Diraja Iran]]
|reign4        = 330–323 SM
|predecessor4  = [[Darius III]]
|successor4    = {{plainlist | 
* [[Filipus III dari Makedonia|Filipus III]]
* [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
}}
|regent4       = [[Besos|Artahsasta V]] (330-329 SM)
|reg-type4      = Pesaing
|spouse        = [[Roxana|Roxana dari Baktria]]&lt;br&gt;[[Stateira (putri Darius III)|Stateira dari Persia]]&lt;br&gt;[[Parysatis (putri Artahsasta III)|Parysatis dari Persia]]
|issue         = [[Aleksander IV dari Makedonia|Aleksander IV]]
|house         = [[Dinasti Argeadai|Argeadai]]
|royal anthem  =
|father        = [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipus II]]
|mother        = [[Olimpias|Olimpias dari Epiros]]
|birth_date    = 20 atau 21 Juli 356 SM
|birth_place   = [[Pella]], Makedonia
|death_date    = 10 atau 11 Juni 323 SM (usia 32 tahun)&lt;!--32 tahun, 10 bulan dan 20 hari (perkiraan)--&gt;
|death_place   = [[Babilonia]]
|religion      = [[Agama di Yunani kuno|Politeisme Yunani]]
}}
[[Beureukaih:Napoli BW 2013-05-16 16-24-01.jpg|300px|ka|jmpl|Raja Alexander Agung]]
[[Beureukaih:AlexanderTheGreat Bust Transparent.png|jmpl|250px|Raja Alexander Agung]]

'''Alexander Agông''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]]: Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros) (Buleuen Siblah atawa Buleuen Duwa Blah 356 SM - 10 Buleuen Sikureueng 323 SM), geuhey cit '''Alexander III dari Makedonia''' nyang hareutoejih nakeuh Raja Makedon, nakeuh raja nibak thon 338 SM troh 'an thon 323 SM.

== Asoë Leumah ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Alexander and Aristotle.jpg
File:AlexanderAndLion.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Commons|Alexander the Great|Alexander Agung}}

== Nè ==
{{Commonscat|Alexander the Great}}

[[Kawan:Makèdonia]]</text>
      <sha1>5arq2fl9arjxrs18bxjmnsszfl53vjk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sôleutan Mansur Syah</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19604</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157703</id>
      <parentid>137656</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T02:25:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157703</origin>
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{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Shah&lt;br&gt;{{nobold|&lt;small&gt;{{Nastaliq|علاء الدين إبراهيم منصور شاه
}}&lt;/small&gt;}}
| title        = [[Sultan]]
| image        = Head Tombstone of Sultan Mansur Syah of Aceh.jpg
| caption      = Head Tombstone of Sultan Mansur Shah of Aceh
| succession   = [[Sultan of Aceh]]
| reign        = 1857 - 1870
| predecessor  = [[Alauddin Sulaiman Ali Iskandar Syah|Alauddin Sulaiman Ali Iskandar Shah]]
| successor    = [[Alauddin Mahmud Syah II|Alauddin Mahmud Syah II]]
| birth_name   = 
| birth_date   = 1808
| birth_place  = [[Banda Aceh|Bandar Aceh Darussalam]], [[Aceh Sultanate]]
| death_date   = 1870
| death_place  = [[Banda Aceh|Bandar Aceh Darussalam]], [[Aceh Sultanate]]
| burial_date  = 
| burial_place = Komplek pemakaman Kandang Meuh
| spouse       = *Pocut Rumoh Geudong, also known as Meurah Limpah or Pocut Lamseupeueng
| issue        = *Tuanku Husain
*Tuanku Zainul Abidin
*Pocut Sri Banun
| full name    = 
| regnal name  = Sri Sultan Alauddin Ali Ibrahim Mansur Shah Meureuhom Baro
| royal house  = [[Dinasti Aceh-Wajo|Aceh-Wajoq]]
| father       = [[Alauddin Jauhar ul-Alam Syah|Alauddin Jauharul Alam Syah]]
| mother       = 
| religion     = [[Islam]] [[Sunni]]
| signature    = 
| module       = '''Penghargaan'''&lt;br/&gt;[[Order of the Medjidie|Order of the Medjidie]] from [[Ottoman Empire]]
}}
'''Sôleutan Mansur Syah''', geuturi cit ngön nan '''Sôleutan Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah''' (abéh umu thôn 1870) nakeuh Sôleutan nyang keu lhèe [[Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam]]. Gobnyan nakeuh sidroë sôleutan nyang teuka nibak wangsa [[Bugéh]].

== Masa away ==
Yôh goh lom jeuët keu sôleutan, nan aseuli gobnyan nakeuh Tuwanku Ibrahim, aneuk agam nibak [[Sôleutan Alauddin Jauharul 'Alam]] (1795-1823), aduën gobnyan nakeuh [[Sôleutan Alauddin Muhammad Daud Syah I]] nyang jeuët keu sôleutan nibak thôn 1823 sampoë 'an thôn 1838, nibak watèe nyan Tuwanku Ibrahim geuduëk seubagoë Raja Muda. Tugaih gobnyan geubantu sôleutan nyang leumöh. Ban abéh umu sôleutan Muhammad Daud Syah I thôn 1838, neuduëk sôleutan geugantoë lé [[Sôleutan Sulaiman Ali Iskandar Syah]], nyang mantong ubit. Ngön neuduëk aneuk keumuën nyan yang leumöh keuh jeuët deungön sigra Raja Muda Tuwanku Ibrahim neucok mandum kuasa sôleutan, meuseubab nyan gobnyan geumeuhoi Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah.

== Garéh masa ==
Sôleutan Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah geukheun seubagoë sôleutan nyang that gigèh ngon jeumot, nyang geuparèntah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam lam masa-masa peunténg nibak abad keu tujôh blah. Seugohlom nyan dum panglima ngön ulèebalang jeuët geupeulaku puë mantöng ban nyang hawa lam dairah-dairah Keurajeuën Acèh Darussalam. Mandum raja-raja ubit nyan geumat kuasa kuwasa bibeuëh lam dairah-dairah peuntèng nyang kaya hasè meuneugoëh padè di pantè barat. 

Nibak thôn 1850 Sôleutan Alauddin Sulaiman Ali Iskandar Syah nyang ka chik geulakée pulang hak gobnyan jeuët keu sôleutan nibak raja muda Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah. Tapi lè Alauddin han geutèm peuturôt puë nyang geulakée nyan, punca nyankeuh jeuët keu pakè nyang that brat di Acéh. Dum panglima ngön kawôm ulée balang peutheun bandua blah nyang meuseulisèh, tapi ngon ceureudèk Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah jeut geupeutheun [[Kuta Raja]]. Alauddin Sulaiman ALi Iskandar Syah abèh umu thôn 1857, deungön seubab nyan keuh Sôleutan Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah jeuët geumat kuwasa keurajeuën Acéh sampoë 'an abèh umu gobnyan nibak thôn 1870.&lt;ref&gt;Van Langen (1888), p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ne ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Kawan:Sôleutan Acèh|Mansur Syah]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Marit:Alexander Agung]] u [[Marit:Alexander Agông]]: 'Agung' ejaan indo/melayu. </comment>
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    <title>Seunaleuëk:Infobox royalty</title>
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| sweden = ''[[Gla Raja Swedia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
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{{Infobox|bodystyle=border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none
 | headerstyle = text-align:left
 | datastyle = text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;
 | header1 = {{#if:{{{full name|}}}|Nan lengkap}}
 | class2 = nickname &lt;!-- &quot;nickname&quot; is the correct parameter value for hCard --&gt;
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 | header3 = {{#if:{{{family_name|}}}{{{clan_name|}}}{{{given_name|}}}|Nan lengkap}}
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 | header6 = {{#if: {{{era name|}}} |Nan {{#if:{{{era dates|}}}|dan tanggal}} periode}}
 | data7 = {{#if: {{{era dates|}}} | {{#if:{{{era name|}}}|{{{era name}}}:&amp;nbsp;}}{{{era dates}}} }}

 | header8 = {{#if: {{{regnal name|}}} |[[Nan takhta]]}}
 | data9 = {{{regnal name|}}}
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 | data11 = {{{posthumous name|}}}
 | header12 = {{#if: {{{temple name|}}} | [[Nan kuil]] }}
 | data13 = {{{temple name|}}}
 }}
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| label78 = {{{native_lang1}}}
| data78 = {{#if: {{{native_lang1|}}}|{{{native_lang1_name1|}}}}}

| label79 = {{{native_lang2}}}
| data79 = {{#if: {{{native_lang2|}}}|{{{native_lang2_name1|}}}}}

| label80 = {{{native_lang3}}}
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| label81 = {{{native_lang4}}}
| data81 = {{#if: {{{native_lang4|}}}|{{{native_lang4_name1|}}}}}

| label82 = {{{native_lang5}}}
| data82 = {{#if: {{{native_lang5|}}}|{{{native_lang5_name1|}}}}}

| label83 = [[{{{house-link|Dinasti}}}|{{#if:{{{house-type|}}}|{{{house-type}}}|Wangsa}}]]
| data83 = {{{house|}}}

| label84 = [[{{{house-link|Dinasti}}}|{{#if:{{{house-type|}}}|{{{house-type}}}|Wangsa}}]]
| data84 = {{{royal house|}}}

| label85 = [[Dinasti]]
| data85 = {{{dynasty|}}}

| label86 = Du
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| label87 = Mak
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| label88 = Agama
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| label89 = Pekerjaan
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      <timestamp>2026-04-21T02:04:45Z</timestamp>
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| child = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{embed|}}}}}|yes|yes}}
| bodyclass = vcard
| aboveclass = fn
| abovestyle = background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%
| above = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{embed|}}}}}|yes||{{{name|&lt;includeonly&gt;{{PAGENAMEBASE}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;}}}}}
| subheader1 = {{#if: {{{title|}}} |&lt;!-- TITLETEXT SWITCH: EMBEDDED BY REALM (ALPHABETICALLY) --&gt;''{{{title|}}}'' {{{titletext|{{#switch:{{lc:{{{more}}}}}
| no = 
| austria = ''[[Kaisar Austria#Gla lengkap|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| belgium = ''[[Monarki Belgia#Gla|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| britain = ''[[Gla Raja Inggreh#Gla Raja Inggreh|Gla Raja Inggreh|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| china = ''[[Kaisar Cina|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| cyprus = ''[[Gla Raja Yunani#Dapeuta perobahan gla keurajeuen|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| denmark = ''[[Gla Raja Denmark|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| en-sco = ''[[Gla Raja Britania#Gla Raja Inggris dan Skotlandia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| england = ''[[Gla Raja Inggris#Gla  Raja Inggris|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| ethiopia = ''[[Gla Ethiopia#Gla |(selengkapnya...)]]''
| france = ''[[Gla Raja Prancis#Daftar perubahan Gla Keurajeuën|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| hre = ''[[Kaisar Romawi Suci#Penobatan|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| hungary = ''[[Gla Raja Hungaria|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| italy = ''[[Gla Raja Italia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| jerusalem = ''[[Raja Yerusalem#Raja Yerusalem (1099–1291)|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| luxembourg = ''[[Adipati Agung Luksemburg#Gla Lengkap|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| malaysia = ''[[Gla Keurajeuën Melayu|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| monaco = ''[[Gla Raja Monaco|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| netherlands = ''[[Monarki Belanda#Gla Lengkap|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| norway = ''[[Gla Raja Norwegia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| parma = ''[[Daftar Adipati Parma|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| portugal = ''[[Gla Raja Portugal|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| russia = ''[[Tsar#Gla Tsar Rusia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| scotland = ''[[Gla Raja Skotlandia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| sicilies = ''[[Keurajeuën Dua Sisilia#Gla Raja|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| spain-crown = ''[[Daftar Gla dan Kehormatan Mahkota Spanyol|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| spain-heir = ''[[Gla Pewaris Takhta Spanyol|(selengkapnya...)]]''
| sweden = ''[[Gla Raja Swedia|(selengkapnya...)]]''
}}}}}
}}
| imageclass = photo
| image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=frameless|upright=1.0|alt={{{alt|}}}|suppressplaceholder=yes}}
| captionstyle = line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;
| caption = {{{caption|}}}

| headerstyle = background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;
| header1 = {{#if:{{{succession|}}}|{{{succession}}} {{#if:{{{moretext|}}}|&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline;font-weight:normal&quot; class=&quot;noprint&quot;&gt;{{{moretext}}} &lt;/div&gt;}}}}

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| data2 = {{{reign|}}}

| label3 = {{#switch:{{lc:{{{cor-type}}}}}
| britain = [[Penobatan penguasa monarki Britania Raya|Penobatan]]
| france = [[Penobatan penguasa monarki Perancis|Penobatan]]
| hre = [[Penobatan Kaisar Romawi Suci|Penobatan]]
| hungary = [[Penobatan penguasa monarki Hungaria|Penobatan]]
| japan = [[Penobatan Kaisar Jepang|Penobatan]]
| malaysia = [[Pengangkatan penguasa monarki Malaysia|Pengangkatan]]
| norway = [[Penobatan Keurajeuën di Norwegia|Penobatan]]
| ottoman = [[Pedang Osman|Penyerahan pedang]]
| poland = [[Penobatan di Polandia|Penobatan]]
| russia = [[Penobatan penguasa monarki Rusia|Penobatan]]
| #default = {{ifempty|{{{cor-type|}}}|[[Penobatan]]}}
}}
| data3 = {{{coronation|}}}

| label4 = Penobatan
| data4 = {{{investiture|}}}

| label5 = {{#if:{{{pre-type|}}}|{{{pre-type}}}|Dilèë}}
| data5 = {{{predecessor|}}}

| label6 = {{#if:{{{suc-type|}}}|{{{suc-type}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data6 = {{{successor|}}}

| label7 = {{#if:{{{reg-type|}}}|{{{reg-type}}}|Wali}}
| data7 = {{{regent|}}}

| header8 = {{#if:{{{succession1|}}}|{{{succession1}}} {{#if:{{{moretext1|}}}|&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline;font-weight:normal&quot;&gt;{{{moretext1}}} &lt;/div&gt;}}}}

| label9 = {{ifempty| {{{reign-type1|}}} | {{#switch:{{{consort|}}}|yes=Periode|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Periode|Mat kuwasa}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}} }}
| data9 = {{{reign1|}}}

| label10 = {{#if:{{{cor-type1|}}}|{{{cor-type1}}}|Penobatan}}
| data10 = {{{coronation1|}}}

| label11 = {{#if:{{{pre-type1|}}}|{{{pre-type1}}}|Dilèë}}
| data11 = {{{predecessor1|}}}

| label12 = {{#if:{{{suc-type1|}}}|{{{suc-type1}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data12 = {{{successor1|}}}

| label13 = {{#if:{{{reg-type1|}}}|{{{reg-type1}}}|Wali}}
| data13 = {{{regent1|}}}

| header14 = {{#if:{{{succession2|}}}|{{{succession2}}} {{#if:{{{moretext2|}}}|&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline;font-weight:normal&quot;&gt;{{{moretext2}}} &lt;/div&gt;}}}}

| label15 = {{ifempty| {{{reign-type2|}}} | {{#switch:{{{consort|}}}|yes=Periode|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Periode|Mat kuwasa}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}} }}
| data15 = {{{reign2|}}}

| label16 = {{#if:{{{cor-type2|}}}|{{{cor-type2}}}|Penobatan}}
| data16 = {{{coronation2|}}}

| label17 = {{#if:{{{pre-type2|}}}|{{{pre-type2}}}|Dilèë}}
| data17 = {{{predecessor2|}}}

| label18 = {{#if:{{{suc-type2|}}}|{{{suc-type2}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data18 = {{{successor2|}}}

| label19 = {{#if:{{{reg-type2|}}}|{{{reg-type2}}}|Wali}}
| data19 = {{{regent2|}}}

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}}}}

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| data21 = {{{reign3|}}}

| label22 = {{#if:{{{cor-type3|}}}|{{{cor-type3}}}|Penobatan}}
| data22 = {{{coronation3|}}}

| label23 = {{#if:{{{pre-type3|}}}|{{{pre-type3}}}|Dilèë}}
| data23 = {{{predecessor3|}}}

| label24 = {{#if:{{{suc-type3|}}}|{{{suc-type3}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data24 = {{{successor3|}}}

| label25 = {{#if:{{{reg-type3|}}}|{{{reg-type3}}}|Wali}}
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| data27 = {{{reign4|}}}

| label28 = {{#if:{{{cor-type4|}}}|{{{cor-type4}}}|Penobatan}}
| data28 = {{{coronation4|}}}

| label29 = {{#if:{{{pre-type4|}}}|{{{pre-type4}}}|Dilèë}}
| data29 = {{{predecessor4|}}}

| label30 = {{#if:{{{suc-type4|}}}|{{{suc-type4}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data30 = {{{successor4|}}}

| label31 = {{#if:{{{reg-type4|}}}|{{{reg-type4}}}|Wali}}
| data31 = {{{regent4|}}}

| header32 = {{#if:{{{succession5|}}}|{{{succession5}}} {{#if:{{{moretext5|}}}|&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline;font-weight:normal&quot;&gt;{{{moretext5}}} &lt;/div&gt;}}}}

| label33 = {{ifempty| {{{reign-type5|}}} |{{#switch:{{{consort|}}}|yes=Periode|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Periode|Mat kuwasa}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}} }}
| data33 = {{{reign5|}}}

| label34 = {{#if:{{{cor-type5|}}}|{{{cor-type5}}}|Penobatan}}
| data34 = {{{coronation5|}}}

| label35 = {{#if:{{{pre-type5|}}}|{{{pre-type5}}}|Dilèë}}
| data35 = {{{predecessor5|}}}

| label36 = {{#if:{{{suc-type5|}}}|{{{suc-type5}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data36 = {{{successor5|}}}

| label37 = {{#if:{{{reg-type5|}}}|{{{reg-type5}}}|Wali}}
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| label40 = {{#if:{{{cor-type6|}}}|{{{cor-type6}}}|Penobatan}}
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| label41 = {{#if:{{{pre-type6|}}}|{{{pre-type6}}}|Dilèë}}
| data41 = {{{predecessor6|}}}

| label42 = {{#if:{{{suc-type6|}}}|{{{suc-type6}}}|Peuwaréh}}
| data42 = {{{successor6|}}}

| label43 = {{#if:{{{reg-type6|}}}|{{{reg-type6}}}|Wali}}
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| label45 = {{ifempty| {{{reign-type7|}}} |{{#switch:{{{consort|}}}|yes=Periode|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Periode|Mat kuwasa}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}} }}
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| label46 = {{#if:{{{cor-type7|}}}|{{{cor-type7}}}|Penobatan}}
| data46 = {{{coronation7|}}}

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| label57 = {{ifempty| {{{reign-type9|}}} |{{#switch:{{{consort|}}}|yes=Periode|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Periode|Mat kuwasa}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}} }}
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| label58 = {{#if:{{{cor-type9|}}}|{{{cor-type9}}}|Penobatan}}
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| data63 = {{{reign10|}}}

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| label71 = Geuseumeuyub
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| label72 = Permaisuri
| data72 = {{{queen|}}}

| label73 = {{{spouse-type|{{#switch:{{{type}}}|monarch={{#switch:{{{consort}}}|yes=Peurumoh|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Peurumoh|Permaisuri}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}}|majesty={{#switch:{{{consort}}}|yes=Peurumoh|&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;{{#switch:{{{2}}}|consort=Peurumoh|Permaisuri}}&lt;!--BACKWARD COMPAT FROM IBR--&gt;}}|Peurumoh}}}}}
| data73 = {{{spouse|}}}

| label74 = {{#if:{{{spouses-type|}}}|{{{spouses-type}}}|Peurumoh}}
| data74 = {{{spouses|}}}

| label75 = {{#if:{{{spouse 2|}}} | Istri | Istri }}&lt;!-- alternative to using 'spouses' and 'spouses-type' --&gt;
| data75 = {{#if: {{{spouse 1|}}}|
{{unbulleted list
| {{{spouse 1}}}
| {{{spouse 2|}}}
| {{{spouse 3|}}} 
| {{{spouse 4|}}} 
| {{{spouse 5|}}} 
| {{{spouse 6|}}} 
| {{{spouse 7|}}}
| {{{spouse 8|}}} 
| {{{spouse 9|}}} 
}}}}

| label76 = {{#if:{{{issue-type|}}}|{{{issue-type}}}|[[Aneuk (genealogi)|Aneuk]]}}{{#if:{{{issue-link|}}}|&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot;&gt;''[[{{{issue-link}}}|{{#if:{{{issue-pipe|}}}|{{{issue-pipe}}}|Detail}}]]''&lt;/span&gt;}}
| data76 = {{{issue|}}}

| data77 = {{#if:{{{full name|}}}{{{family_name|}}}{{{clan_name|}}}{{{given_name|}}}{{{era dates|}}}{{{regnal name|}}}{{{posthumous name|}}}{{{temple name|}}}|
{{Infobox|bodystyle=border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none
 | headerstyle = text-align:left
 | datastyle = text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;
 | header1 = {{#if:{{{full name|}}}|Nan lengkap}}
 | class2 = nickname &lt;!-- &quot;nickname&quot; is the correct parameter value for hCard --&gt;
 | data2 = {{{full name|}}}
 | header3 = {{#if:{{{family_name|}}}{{{clan_name|}}}{{{given_name|}}}|Nan lengkap}}
 | data4 = {{#if:{{{family_name|}}}{{{clan_name|}}}{{{given_name|}}}|
{{unbulleted list
 | 1 = {{#if: {{{family_name|}}} | [[Marga Tionghoa|Nan keluarga]]: &lt;div style=&quot;display:inline&quot; class=&quot;nickname&quot;&gt;{{{family_name}}}&lt;/div&gt; }}
 | 2 = {{#if: {{{clan_name|}}} | [[Marga Tionghoa|Nan klan]]: &lt;div style=&quot;display:inline&quot; class=&quot;nickname&quot;&gt;{{{clan_name}}}&lt;/div&gt; }}
 | 3 = {{#if: {{{given_name|}}} | [[Nan kecil Tionghoa|Nan kecil]]: &lt;div style=&quot;display:inline&quot; class=&quot;nickname&quot;&gt;{{{given_name}}}&lt;/div&gt; }}
}}}}
 | header6 = {{#if: {{{era name|}}} |Nan {{#if:{{{era dates|}}}|dan tanggal}} periode}}
 | data7 = {{#if: {{{era dates|}}} | {{#if:{{{era name|}}}|{{{era name}}}:&amp;nbsp;}}{{{era dates}}} }}

 | header8 = {{#if: {{{regnal name|}}} |[[Nan takhta]]}}
 | data9 = {{{regnal name|}}}
 | header10 = {{#if: {{{posthumous name|}}} | [[Nan anumerta]]}}
 | data11 = {{{posthumous name|}}}
 | header12 = {{#if: {{{temple name|}}} | [[Nan kuil]] }}
 | data13 = {{{temple name|}}}
 }}
}}

| label78 = {{{native_lang1}}}
| data78 = {{#if: {{{native_lang1|}}}|{{{native_lang1_name1|}}}}}

| label79 = {{{native_lang2}}}
| data79 = {{#if: {{{native_lang2|}}}|{{{native_lang2_name1|}}}}}

| label80 = {{{native_lang3}}}
| data80 = {{#if: {{{native_lang3|}}}|{{{native_lang3_name1|}}}}}

| label81 = {{{native_lang4}}}
| data81 = {{#if: {{{native_lang4|}}}|{{{native_lang4_name1|}}}}}

| label82 = {{{native_lang5}}}
| data82 = {{#if: {{{native_lang5|}}}|{{{native_lang5_name1|}}}}}

| label83 = [[{{{house-link|Dinasti}}}|{{#if:{{{house-type|}}}|{{{house-type}}}|Wangsa}}]]
| data83 = {{{house|}}}

| label84 = [[{{{house-link|Dinasti}}}|{{#if:{{{house-type|}}}|{{{house-type}}}|Wangsa}}]]
| data84 = {{{royal house|}}}

| label85 = [[Dinasti]]
| data85 = {{{dynasty|}}}

| label86 = Du
| data86 = {{{father|}}}

| label87 = Mak
| data87 = {{{mother|}}}

| label88 = Agama
| data88 = {{{religion|}}}

| label89 = Pekerjaan
| data89 = {{{occupation|}}}

| label90 = {{#if:{{{signature_type|}}}|{{{signature_type}}}|Tanda tangan}}
| data90 = {{#if:{{{signature|}}}|{{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{signature|}}}|size=125px|class=notpageimage|alt={{{signature_alt|}}}|title={{{name&lt;includeonly&gt;|Tanda tangan {{PAGENAMEBASE}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;}}}}}}}

| data91 = {{{module|}}}  

}}{{#if:{{{pronunciation|}}}|[[Category:Biography template using pronunciation]]}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox royalty with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox royalty]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y| 2 | alt | birth_date | birth_name | birth_place | burial_date | burial_place | caption | clan_name | consort | cor-type | cor-type1 | cor-type2 | cor-type3 | cor-type4 | cor-type

5 | cor-type6 | cor-type7 | cor-type8 | cor-type9 | coronation | coronation1 | coronation2 | coronation3 | coronation4 | coronation5 | coronation6 | coronation7 | coronation8 | coronation9 | date of burial | death_date | death_place | dynasty | embed | era dates | era name | family_name | father | full name | given_name | house-link | house | house-type | image | image_size | investiture | issue | issue-link | issue-pipe | issue-type | module | more | moretext | moretext1 | moretext2 | moretext3 | moretext4 | moretext5 | moretext6 | moretext7 | moretext8 | moretext9 | mother | name | native_lang1 | native_lang1_name1 | native_lang2 | native_lang2_name1 | native_lang3 | native_lang3_name1 | native_lang4 | native_lang4_name1 | native_lang5 | native_lang5_name1 | occupation | place of burial | posthumous name | pre-type | pre-type1 | pre-type2 | pre-type3 | pre-type4 | pre-type5 | pre-type6 | pre-type7 | pre-type8 | pre-type9 | predecessor | predecessor1 | predecessor2 | predecessor3 | predecessor4 | predecessor5 | predecessor6 | predecessor7 | predecessor8 | predecessor9 | queen | reg-type | reg-type1 | reg-type2 | reg-type3 | reg-type4 | reg-type5 | reg-type6 | reg-type7 | reg-type8 | reg-type9 | regent | regent1 | regent2 | regent3 | regent4 | regent5 | regent6 | regent7 | regent8 | regent9 | regnal name | reign | reign-type | reign-type1 | reign-type2 | reign-type3 | reign-type4 | reign-type5 | reign-type6 | reign-type7 | reign-type8 | reign-type9 | reign1 | reign2 | reign3 | reign4 | reign5 | reign6 | reign7 | reign8 | reign9 | religion | royal house | signature | signature_alt | signature_type | spouse | spouse 1 | spouse 2 | spouse 3 | spouse 4 | spouse 5 | spouse 6 | spouse 7 | spouse 8 | spouse 9 | spouse-type | spouses | spouses-type | suc-type | suc-type1 | suc-type2 | suc-type3 | suc-type4 | suc-type5 | suc-type6 | suc-type7 | suc-type8 | suc-type9 | succession | succession1 | succession2 | succession3 | succession4 | succession5 | succession6 | succession7 | succession8 | succession9 | successor | successor1 | successor2 | successor3 | successor4 | successor5 | successor6 | successor7 | successor8 | successor9 | temple name | title | titletext | type | succession10 | moretext10 | reign-type10 | reign10 | coronation10 | cor-type10 | predecessor10 | pre-type10 | successor10 | suc-type10 | regent10 | reg-type10}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{dokumentasi}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sverre Sigurdson</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33454</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157787</id>
      <parentid>157605</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:04:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157787</origin>
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      <text bytes="2559" sha1="glrdzqpv8b4vwfpd9bteemqbsi3g50q" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name=Sverre Sigurdsson
| image= Sverre Sigurdsson (Nidaros Cathedral).jpg
| caption= Contemporary bust of Sverre from the [[Nidaros Cathedral]], dated c. 1200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://snl.no/Sverre_Sigurdsson Sverre Sigurdsson (Store norske leksikon)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| succession = [[King of Norway]]
| reign= 1177 (claimed) /1184 (undisputed) – 9 March 1202
| predecessor= [[Magnus V of Norway|Magnus V]]
| successor= [[Haakon III of Norway|Haakon III]]
| coronation= 29 June 1194, [[Bergen]]
| cor-type= Norway
| spouse= [[Margaret of Sweden, Queen of Norway|Margaret of Sweden]]
| house= [[House of Sverre|Sverre]]
| father= Unås&lt;br&gt;[[Sigurd II of Norway]] (claimed; dubious)
| mother= Gunnhild
| issue={{plainlist|
*[[Christina of Norway]]
*Illegitimate:
*[[Sigurd Lavard]]
*[[Haakon III of Norway]]}}
| birth_date= c. 1145/1151
| birth_place= 
| death_date= {{death date|df=yes|1202|3|9}} &lt;br&gt;(aged 50–51 or 56–57)
| death_place= [[Bergen, Norway|Bergen]], [[Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)|Kingdom of Norway]]
| burial_place = [[Christ Church, Bergen|Old Cathedral]], [[Bergen]] (destroyed in 1531)
| religion     = [[Roman Catholicism]], excommunicated from AD[[1194]], the King's dominions and Kingdom under [[Interdict]]um since AD[[1198]], until his death, yet maintaining communion with the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] (cf. Communion of the cults of [[Saint Olav]] and [[Valdemar the Great|Saint Valdemar]]). 
}}

[[Beureukaih:Sverre Sigurdsson (Nidaros Cathedral).jpg|jmpl|Ulèe Raja Sverre Sigurdsson dari Norwegia di Katedral Nidaros. Geupeugèt bak kira-kira thôn 1200/awai thôn 1200-an.]]
'''Sverre Sigurdson''' (bahsa Nordik Jameun: Sverrir Sigurðarson) (kira-kira 1145/1151 – 9 uroë buleuën 3 thôn 1202) nakeuh Raja Norwegia nibak thôn 1184 sampoë 1202. Gobnyan meukawén ngon Margrete Eriksdotter, aneuk inong Raja Swedia Erik IX, ngon gobnyan na sidroe aneuk inong Kristina Sverresdotter .

Le ureuëng jianggab gobnyan seubagoe salah sidroe peumimpén nyang paléng peunténg lam seujarah Norwegia. Gobnyan jiteuka u kuwasa seubagoe ulèe faksi pemberontak nyang jithèe ngön nan Birkebeiners bak thôn 1177, watèe awaknyan meujuang geulawan Raja Magnus Erlingsson. Lheueh Magnus talô bak Prang Fimreite bak thôn 1184, Sverre jipeurintah seubagoe raja tunggai Norwegia. Teuma, meuseubab hana seupakat ngon Geurija, jih geupeukucô bak thôn 1194. Prang sipil la'én teujadi lom geulawan Baglers, nyang geudukông lé Geurija, dan prang nyan teutap meulanjôt sampoë 'oh lheueh Sverre meuninggai bak thôn 1202.</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157788</id>
      <parentid>157787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:04:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157788</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2570" sha1="qbufhjuzqx5vtz83v5tntp0ll6dxh4b" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name=Sverre Sigurdsson
| image= Sverre Sigurdsson (Nidaros Cathedral).jpg
| caption= Contemporary bust of Sverre from the [[Nidaros Cathedral]], dated c. 1200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://snl.no/Sverre_Sigurdsson Sverre Sigurdsson (Store norske leksikon)]&lt;/ref&gt;
| succession = [[King of Norway]]
| reign= 1177 (claimed) /1184 (undisputed) – 9 March 1202
| predecessor= [[Magnus V of Norway|Magnus V]]
| successor= [[Haakon III of Norway|Haakon III]]
| coronation= 29 June 1194, [[Bergen]]
| cor-type= Norway
| spouse= [[Margaret of Sweden, Queen of Norway|Margaret of Sweden]]
| house= [[House of Sverre|Sverre]]
| father= Unås&lt;br&gt;[[Sigurd II of Norway]] (claimed; dubious)
| mother= Gunnhild
| issue={{plainlist|
*[[Christina of Norway]]
*Illegitimate:
*[[Sigurd Lavard]]
*[[Haakon III of Norway]]}}
| birth_date= c. 1145/1151
| birth_place= 
| death_date= {{death date|df=yes|1202|3|9}} &lt;br&gt;(aged 50–51 or 56–57)
| death_place= [[Bergen, Norway|Bergen]], [[Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)|Kingdom of Norway]]
| burial_place = [[Christ Church, Bergen|Old Cathedral]], [[Bergen]] (destroyed in 1531)
| religion     = [[Roman Catholicism]], excommunicated from AD[[1194]], the King's dominions and Kingdom under [[Interdict]]um since AD[[1198]], until his death, yet maintaining communion with the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] (cf. Communion of the cults of [[Saint Olav]] and [[Valdemar the Great|Saint Valdemar]]). 
}}

[[Beureukaih:Sverre Sigurdsson (Nidaros Cathedral).jpg|jmpl|Ulèe Raja Sverre Sigurdsson dari Norwegia di Katedral Nidaros. Geupeugèt bak kira-kira thôn 1200/awai thôn 1200-an.]]
'''Sverre Sigurdson''' (bahsa Nordik Jameun: Sverrir Sigurðarson) (kira-kira 1145/1151 – 9 uroë buleuën 3 thôn 1202) nakeuh Raja Norwegia nibak thôn 1184 sampoë 1202. Gobnyan meukawén ngon Margrete Eriksdotter, aneuk inong Raja Swedia Erik IX, ngon gobnyan na sidroe aneuk inong Kristina Sverresdotter .

Le ureuëng jianggab gobnyan seubagoe salah sidroe peumimpén nyang paléng peunténg lam seujarah Norwegia. Gobnyan jiteuka u kuwasa seubagoe ulèe faksi pemberontak nyang jithèe ngön nan Birkebeiners bak thôn 1177, watèe awaknyan meujuang geulawan Raja Magnus Erlingsson. Lheueh Magnus talô bak Prang Fimreite bak thôn 1184, Sverre jipeurintah seubagoe raja tunggai Norwegia. Teuma, meuseubab hana seupakat ngon Geurija, jih geupeukucô bak thôn 1194. Prang sipil la'én teujadi lom geulawan Baglers, nyang geudukông lé Geurija, dan prang nyan teutap meulanjôt sampoë 'oh lheueh Sverre meuninggai bak thôn 1202.

== Nè ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Hidden</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33472</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157648</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:01:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{hidden begin|toggle={{{showhide|}}}{{{toggle|}}}|expanded={{{expand|{{{expanded|}}}}}}|class={{{class|}}}|border={{{border|}}}|style={{{framestyle|{{{style|{{{css|}}}}}}}}} |titlebgcolor={{{titlebgcolor|{{{background|{{{bg1|}}}}}}}}}|ta1={{{titlealign|{{{ta1|center}}}}}}|titlestyle={{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#if:{{{multiline|{{{multi-line|}}}}}}|height:auto;}}{{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#ifeq:{{{fw1|bold}}}|bold||font-weight:{{{fw1|bold}}};}}{{{headercss|{{{headers...'</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1194" sha1="p5xonrpu5ow58rghncb9ny8veaty7fm" xml:space="preserve">{{hidden begin|toggle={{{showhide|}}}{{{toggle|}}}|expanded={{{expand|{{{expanded|}}}}}}|class={{{class|}}}|border={{{border|}}}|style={{{framestyle|{{{style|{{{css|}}}}}}}}}
|titlebgcolor={{{titlebgcolor|{{{background|{{{bg1|}}}}}}}}}|ta1={{{titlealign|{{{ta1|center}}}}}}|titlestyle={{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#if:{{{multiline|{{{multi-line|}}}}}}|height:auto;}}{{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#ifeq:{{{fw1|bold}}}|bold||font-weight:{{{fw1|bold}}};}}{{{headercss|{{{headerstyle|{{{titlestyle|}}}}}}}}}
|title={{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#if:{{{multiline|{{{multi-line|}}}}}}|&lt;div style=&quot;margin-right:4em;line-height:125%;height:auto;&quot;&gt;{{{title|{{{header|{{{1}}}}}}}}}&lt;/div&gt;|{{{title|{{{header|{{{1}}}}}}}}}}}
|contentbgcolor={{{contentbgcolor|{{{bg2|}}}}}}|ta2={{{ta2|}}}|contentstyle={{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#ifeq:{{{fw2|normal}}}|normal||font-weight:{{{fw2|normal}}};}}{{{contentcss|{{{contentstyle|}}}}}} }}
{{{content|{{{contents|{{{text|{{{2}}}}}}}}}}}}{{hidden end}}{{safesubst&lt;noinclude/&gt;:#if:{{{background|}}}{{{bg1|}}}{{{bg2|}}}{{{titlealign|}}}{{{ta1|}}}{{{ta2|}}}{{{fw1|}}}{{{fw2|}}}|[[Category:Hidden templates using styles|{{NAMESPACE}}{{PAGENAME}}]]}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Hidden/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33473</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157649</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:02:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt; {{high-use}} {{Template:Collapse Templates}}  This template creates a [[Help:Collapsing|dynamic navigation box]] using style sheet declarations in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] and Javascript code in [[MediaWiki:Common.js]]. In a saved, [[Rendering (computer graphics)|rendered]] page this template creates a clickable link that toggles between [sho...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="8696" sha1="6hmc6c3jo4f16shldkustd8u7l2e1ih" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
{{high-use}}
{{Template:Collapse Templates}}

This template creates a [[Help:Collapsing|dynamic navigation box]] using style sheet declarations in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] and Javascript code in [[MediaWiki:Common.js]]. In a saved, [[Rendering (computer graphics)|rendered]] page this template creates a clickable link that toggles between [show] and [hide]. It displays the first parameter (the heading) with a [show] link on the right.  If [show] is clicked by the user, it displays the second parameter (the body) below the heading and the [show] link becomes [hide].  Clicking on [hide] then hides the body and the [hide] link becomes [show] again.

If this template is nested in another, the show/hide links in the hidden content keep their state; there is no parameter for ''collapse all'' or ''reveal all''.  

Generally, collapsible templates should not be used in articles. For allowable uses and other considerations, please see [[MOS:COLLAPSE]].

== Usage ==

===Full syntax===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow:auto;&quot;&gt;
{{Hidden
| expanded=true &lt;!--(omit for initial hidden state)--&gt;
| style = 
| headerstyle = 
| header = 
| contentstyle = 
| content =

|titlebgcolor= |contentbgcolor= |ta1= |ta2= |fw1= |fw2= |class= |border=
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Parameters===
Only two parameters are required for this template:
; header  : text for header (title); alternative to using unnamed parameter &lt;nowiki&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
; content : text for body (content); alternative to using unnamed parameter &lt;nowiki&gt;{{{2}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;

====Optional====
; style        : [[w:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] styling for template overall.
; border       : border around the template.
; headerstyle  : CSS styling for title (header).
; contentstyle : CSS styling for the hidden content.
; expanded     : any nonblank value (e.g. {{para|expanded|on}}) will cause the template to be initially expanded by default.
; multiline    : any nonblank value (e.g. {{para|multline|y}}) will reduce the line-height of the title and add some padding to avoid overlap with the show/hide button.
; class        : add additional class attributes affecting the entire template.
'''Note:''' This template will not respect the [[Wikipedia:User preferences|user preference]] &quot;justify paragraphs&quot;.

== Examples ==
===Basic===
In this example only the two required parameters are specified.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| {{rh}} | Code
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{hidden|Title text here|Body text line 1&lt;br/&gt;Body text line 2}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
|-
| {{rh}} | Result
| {{{{PAGENAMETDOC}}|Title text here|Body text line 1&lt;br/&gt;Body text line 2}}
|}

===Header background===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| {{rh}} | Code
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow:auto;&quot;&gt;
{{hidden
|Title text here
|Body text line 1&lt;br/&gt;Body text line 2
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
|-
| {{rh}} | Result
| {{{{PAGENAMETDOC}}|Title text here|Body text line 1&lt;br/&gt;Body text line 2|headerstyle=background:#ccccff|style=text-align:center;}}
|}

===CSS===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| {{rh}} | Code
| 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{hidden
| style = border: 1px dashed red; width: 50%;
| headerstyle = background: #ccccff; font-size: 110%;
| contentstyle = text-align: center; color: green;
| header = Title text here
| content = Body text line 1&lt;br /&gt;Body text line 2&lt;br /&gt;Body text line 3
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
|-
| {{rh}} | Result
| 
{{{{PAGENAMETDOC}}
| style = border:1px dashed red; width: 50%;
| headerstyle = background: #ccccff; font-size: 110%;
| contentstyle = text-align: center; color:green;
| header = Title text here
| content = Body text line 1&lt;br /&gt;Body text line 2&lt;br /&gt;Body text line 3
}}
|}

== Issues ==
=== Show/hide button overlap ===
&lt;div style=&quot;background:pink;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;With ta1=right or a long header, the header may overlap the show/hide button:&lt;/div&gt;
{{tlx|{{PAGENAMETDOC}}|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.|def|_show_result=y|_expand=y}}

{{clr}}
;&lt;div style=&quot;background:cyan;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;Possible workaround is to use {{para|multiline|y}}:&lt;/div&gt;
&quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{hidden|multiline=y|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.|def}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; gives &quot;{{ {{PAGENAMETDOC}}|multiline=y|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.|def}}&quot;

&lt;div style=&quot;background:pink;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;Example with long header&lt;/div&gt;
{{ {{PAGENAMETDOC}}|abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc |def}}

{{clr}}
;&lt;div style=&quot;background:cyan;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;Above example with workaround:&lt;/div&gt;
&quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{hidden|multiline=y|abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc |def}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; gives &quot;{{ {{PAGENAMETDOC}}|multiline=y|abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc abc |def}}&quot;

=== Sections ===
Sections included inside a hidden block result in broken anchors in the table of contents at the top of the page.
{{hidden begin|title=example}}
==== You can't get here from the table of contents ====
{{hidden end}}

== Templatedata ==
{{templatedata header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;header&quot;,
				&quot;title&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Header&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Text for the header/title.&quot;
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;contents&quot;,
				&quot;content&quot;,
				&quot;text&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Content&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Text for the content of the hidden.&quot;
		},
		&quot;toggle&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;showhide&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Toggle&quot;
		},
		&quot;expanded&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;expand&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Expanded&quot;
		},
		&quot;class&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Class&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Add additional class attributes affecting the entire template.&quot;
		},
		&quot;border&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Border&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Border around the template&quot;
		},
		&quot;css&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;style&quot;,
				&quot;framestyle&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;CSS&quot;
		},
		&quot;titlealign&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;ta1&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Title align&quot;
		},
		&quot;multiline&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;multi-line&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Multi-line&quot;
		},
		&quot;fw1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Title font weight&quot;
		},
		&quot;headercss&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;headerstyle&quot;,
				&quot;titlestyle&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Header style&quot;
		},
		&quot;ta2&quot;: {},
		&quot;fw2&quot;: {},
		&quot;contentcss&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;contentstyle&quot;
			],
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Content style&quot;
		},
		&quot;contentbgcolor&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;bg2&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Content background color&quot;
		},
		&quot;titlebgcolor&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;bg1&quot;,
				&quot;background&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Title background color&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Creates a dynamic navigation box which is initially collapsed by default.&quot;,
	&quot;paramOrder&quot;: [
		&quot;1&quot;,
		&quot;2&quot;,
		&quot;toggle&quot;,
		&quot;expanded&quot;,
		&quot;class&quot;,
		&quot;css&quot;,
		&quot;border&quot;,
		&quot;titlebgcolor&quot;,
		&quot;titlealign&quot;,
		&quot;multiline&quot;,
		&quot;fw1&quot;,
		&quot;headercss&quot;,
		&quot;contentbgcolor&quot;,
		&quot;ta2&quot;,
		&quot;fw2&quot;,
		&quot;contentcss&quot;
	]
}&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== Redirects ==
* {{Template|Hide}}
* …and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere?target=Template:Hidden&amp;namespace=10&amp;hidetrans=1&amp;hidelinks=1 some others], though they are much longer

==Tracking category==
* {{clc|Hidden templates using styles}} – tracks usage of parameters titlebgcolor, contentbgcolor, bg1, bg2, ta1, ta2, fw1, fw2

==See also==
Supporting templates:
* {{tiw|Hidden begin}}
* {{tiw|Hidden end}}
Similar templates:
* [[m:Template:Hidden]]
* {{tiw|Collapsible list}}


&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --&gt;
[[Category:Collapse templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6hmc6c3jo4f16shldkustd8u7l2e1ih</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Template shortcut</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33474</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157650</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:05:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Shortcut|main|template=yes}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157650</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="105" sha1="me4jjte8wllgxkf22h7gbzu0e2tux3i" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Shortcut|main|template=yes}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>me4jjte8wllgxkf22h7gbzu0e2tux3i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Template shortcut/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33475</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157651</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:06:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{tlr|clear=right|Template shortcuts|Templateshortcut}} {{tsh|tsh|tsc}} {{High-use}} {{lua|Module:Shortcut}} &lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt; This template displays one or more of a template's shortcuts (that is, redirects, also known as aliases), as in the box appearing at the right. {{tl-r|Tsh}} is a shortcut to this template, {{tlf|template shortcut}}, and can be used in its place, as it is i...'</comment>
      <origin>157651</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7955" sha1="aja1qsfqdaxy65jz5ad7hcxwwjjwjec" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{tlr|clear=right|Template shortcuts|Templateshortcut}}
{{tsh|tsh|tsc}}
{{High-use}}
{{lua|Module:Shortcut}}
&lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt;
This template displays one or more of a template's shortcuts (that is, redirects, also known as aliases), as in the box appearing at the right. {{tl-r|Tsh}} is a shortcut to this template, {{tlf|template shortcut}}, and can be used in its place, as it is in this documentation's [[Wikipedia:View source|source]] [[wikitext]].

== Usage ==
Place this template and its list of few to one, carefully selected shortcut(s) at the top of the template documentation page's [[Wikipedia:Wikitext|wikitext]], right underneath {{tl|Documentation subpage}}. In the saved, rendered text, those shortcuts will appear in this template's Shortcut(s) box, whose title will reflect the number of list items by automatically being singular or plural in form. 

=== Which ones to display here ===
Although the template can show up to ten shortcuts, you are ''encouraged to choose well'' which ones to display in this template's box. Even if many redirects exist, ''two or three at the most'' is almost always enough. By keeping the number of redirects presented in the Shortcut box small, it makes it easier to remember them, and the documentation is kept well organized. 

=== Where to list any others ===
List others in the Redirects section of the [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|template documentation]]. Again, not all of them need to be listed; some shortcuts are there just for historical reasons, and others differ only in minor points such as white spaces or capitalization. Such shortcut-name variations are unnecessary to list at all—just list the standard, most common version of such a variation.

=== Optional parameters ===
This template has several optional parameters:
* '''float''' – if set to &quot;left&quot;, then the box will float to the left of the page, instead of the default float &quot;right&quot;.
* '''clear''' – if set to &quot;right&quot; (when float also is set to &quot;right&quot;), the box will be pushed to the right margin of the page, and {{clarify|text=prevent it from nest to the left of other right-floating elements.}}  Similarly, if set to &quot;left&quot; (when float also is set to &quot;left&quot;), the box will be pushed to the left margin of the page.
* '''pre''' – can be used to show some text before the shortcut links, but within the braces. This is mostly used to add the text &quot;subst:&quot;. This shows the proper syntax for using the template with [[Wikipedia:Substitution|substitution]].
* '''pre1, pre2 ...''' – like above, but adds the prefix only to the nth shortcut.

== Examples of basic code ==
To display one template shortcut named {{tl|uw-v1}}: 

{{tlc|template shortcut|uw-v1}}
{{template shortcut|uw-v1}}
{{clear}}

To display three template shortcuts for {{tl|uw-vandalism1}} named {{tl|uw-v1}}, {{tl|uw-vand1}}, and {{tl|uw-vandal1}}:

{{tlc|template shortcut|uw-v1|uw-vand1|uw-vandal1}}
{{template shortcut|uw-v1|uw-vand1|uw-vandal1}}
{{clear}}

== Example with the float parameter ==
Using {{para|float|&lt;var&gt;left&lt;/var&gt;}} makes this template flow to the left of the page:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{template shortcut|float=left|uw-v1}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
{{template shortcut|float=left|uw-v1}}
{{clear}}

== Example with text (&quot;subst:&quot;) within the braces ==
This is mostly used to add text to show how the template could be used with [[Wikipedia:Substitution|substitution]].

Use {{para|pre2|&lt;var&gt;subst:&lt;/var&gt;}} and {{para|pre3|&lt;var&gt;subst:&lt;/var&gt;}} to show &quot;subst:&quot; before the shortcut links, but within the braces:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{template shortcut|uw-v1|pre2=subst:|uw-vand1|pre3=subst:|uw-vandal1}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
{{template shortcut|uw-v1|pre2=subst:|uw-vand1|pre3=subst:|uw-vandal1}}
{{clear}}

If you use {{para|pre|&lt;var&gt;subst:&lt;/var&gt;}}, it applies to all of the shortcuts:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{template shortcut|pre=subst:|uw-v1|uw-vand1|uw-vandal1}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
{{template shortcut|pre=subst:|uw-v1|uw-vand1|uw-vandal1}}
{{clear}}

== TemplateData ==
{{Format TemplateData|&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;This template displays one or more of a template's shortcuts.&quot;,
	&quot;format&quot;: &quot;inline&quot;,
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;redirect&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Redirect?&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Whether to refer to the \&quot;shortcut/s\&quot; as \&quot;redirect/s\&quot; instead.&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;0&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		},
		&quot;target&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Target?&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Whether to not add the &lt;code&gt;redirect=no&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter.&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;0&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		},
		&quot;float&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Float&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The CSS &lt;code&gt;float&lt;/code&gt; property value.&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;right&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;left&quot;,
				&quot;right&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;clear&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Clear&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The CSS &lt;code&gt;clear&lt;/code&gt; property value.&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;left&quot;,
				&quot;right&quot;,
				&quot;both&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;category&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Categorize&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Whether to add pages to the error category if no alias or &lt;code&gt;msg&lt;/code&gt; is specified.&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;1&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		},
		&quot;msg&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Message&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;An unlinked message that goes after the shortcut links.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Default prefix&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The default prefix&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 1&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 1&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 1&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 1&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 2&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 2&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 2&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 2&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 3&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 3&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 3&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 3&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre4&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 4&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 4&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;4&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 4&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 4&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre5&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 5&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 5&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;5&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 5&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 5&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre6&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 6&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 6&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;6&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 6&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 6&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre7&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 7&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 7&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;7&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 7&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 7&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre8&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 8&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 8&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;8&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 8&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 8&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		},
		&quot;pre9&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Prefix 9&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prefix for template shortcut 9&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;subst:&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;9&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Shortcut 9&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Template shortcut 9&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-template-name&quot;
		}
	}
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;}}

== See also ==
{{Shortcut templates}}
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!----CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE:----&gt;
[[Category:Shortcut templates]]
[[Category:Documentation templates|shortcut]]&lt;!--Yes, this is intended for template doc pages.--&gt;
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>aja1qsfqdaxy65jz5ad7hcxwwjjwjec</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Birth date/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33476</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157653</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:13:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt; {{Warning|''Do '''NOT''' use this template when the exact date of birth is disputed or unknown; consider {{tlp|Birth year}} instead.''}} {{High-use}} {{Template shortcut|dob}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P569}} {{Lua|Module:String|Module:Wd}}  '''{{NAMESPACE}}:{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' will return a person's date of birth. Using this template rather than simply inserting the da...'</comment>
      <origin>157653</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7041" sha1="9jjyf3sgq5atkl4n53npjudo7r8eenx" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt;
{{Warning|''Do '''NOT''' use this template when the exact date of birth is disputed or unknown; consider {{tlp|Birth year}} instead.''}}
{{High-use}}
{{Template shortcut|dob}}
{{Tracks Wikidata|P569}}
{{Lua|Module:String|Module:Wd}}

'''{{NAMESPACE}}:{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' will return a person's date of birth. Using this template rather than simply inserting the date into articles allows for the inclusion of hidden [[metadata]] about the date. This metadata can be used by web browsers and other software tools to extract the details, and display them using some other website or mapping tool, index, or search them.

This template is intended for use in an article about a dead person. For an article about a living person, consider using {{tlp|Birth date and age}} instead. 

== Usage ==
; Unnamed parameters for year, month, day
: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}|&lt;var&gt;year of birth&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;month of birth&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;day of birth&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;additional parameters&lt;/var&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

; Named parameters for year, month, day
: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}|year=&lt;var&gt;year of birth&lt;/var&gt;|month=&lt;var&gt;month of birth&lt;/var&gt;|day=&lt;var&gt;day of birth&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;additional parameters&lt;/var&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

=== Additional parameters ===
The '''df''' (day first) and '''mf''' (month first) parameters indicate the intended date format to display. The appropriate parameter should be set to &quot;y&quot; or &quot;yes&quot;, e.g. {{para|df|y}} or {{para|df|yes}}.

The default output of this template is to display the month before the day. This default may not be appropriate for articles about people from parts of the world where the day precedes the month in a date. In such articles the parameter, &quot;df&quot;, should be set to display the day before the month.

The parameter &quot;mf&quot;, while not actually used by the template, will indicate that month first format is intended. Using these parameters can assist [[WP:BOT|bots]] or other automated processing to detect which date format is intended; leaving the format as default may lead an editor or bot to change the format to an unintended value.

Do not specify both &quot;df&quot; and &quot;mf&quot; parameters in the same use of the template, as these formats are mutually exclusive.

=== hCard microformat ===
This template also returns the date, hidden by CSS, in the [[WP:ISO 8601|ISO 8601]] standard.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | date = April 7, 2013 | url = http://microformats.org/wiki/date-pattern | title = Date Design Pattern | website = Microformats Wiki}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | date = August 28, 2009 | url = http://microformats.org/wiki/hcalendar-issues-closed | title = hCalendar closed issues | website = Microformats Wiki}} Specifically rejects supporting the Julian calendar.&lt;/ref&gt; For example:
: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;bday&quot;&gt;1993-02-24&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
Note: For the &quot;foundation&quot;, &quot;built&quot; and similar set-up dates of companies, buildings etc., use {{tl|start date}} (this will work for year-only or month-year dates). Because the ISO 8601 standard requires the [[Gregorian calendar]], this template should not be used if the date is given in the [[Julian calendar]].

For further information, visit [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats|the microformats project]].

{{Section references}}

=== Notes ===
* '''Do not use with non-Gregorian dates''' because the resulting hCard hidden date will be false.
* The template will appear broken when the parameters are left blank.
* When only the month or year of a person's birth and/or death are known, or if it is desired not to state a person's full dates of birth for privacy reasons, consider using the templates {{tlp|Birth year}} or {{tl|Birth year and age}} instead.

== Examples ==
Unnamed parameters for year, month, day:
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|1993|2|24}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|1993|2|24|df=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|1993|2|24|mf=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

Named parameters for year, month, day:
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|year=1993|month=2|day=24}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|year=1993|month=2|day=24|df=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|year=1993|month=2|day=24|mf=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;This template will return a person's date of birth. Using this template rather than simply inserting the date into articles allows for the inclusion of hidden metadata about the date. This metadata can be used by web browsers and other software tools to extract the details, and display them using some other website or mapping tool, index, or search them.&quot;,
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Year of birth&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The year in which the person was born.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;number&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;1993&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;year&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Month of birth&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The month (number) in which the person was born.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;number&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;2&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;month&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Day of birth&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The day (number) in which the person was born.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;number&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;24&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;day&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;df&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Day first&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;When set to 'y' or 'yes', the date of birth is output in a DMY format.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: false,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;yes&quot;,
				&quot;y&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;mf&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Month first&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;When set to 'y' or 'yes', stresses that the default MDY date format is intended for the date of birth.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: false,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;yes&quot;,
				&quot;y&quot;
			],
			&quot;deprecated&quot;: &quot;This is the default setting, so shouldn't be manually set&quot;
		}
	}
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== Tracking categories ==
* {{Category link with count|Pages using age template with invalid date}}
* {{Category link with count|Date of birth not in Wikidata}}
* {{Category link with count|Articles without Wikidata item}}

== See also ==
* {{tl|Birth date text}} which accepts formats like &quot;1 April 1990&quot; or &quot;April 1, 1990&quot;
* {{tl|Birth date and age}} or {{tl|Birth-date and age}} for living people
* {{tl|Death date and age}} or {{tl|Death year and age}} for dead people
* {{tl|Recent birth}} or {{tl|Recent death}}

{{Birth, death and age templates}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{sandbox other||
&lt;!----- CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE, PLEASE: -----&gt;

[[Category:Date mathematics templates]]
[[Category:Templates generating microformat dates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>9jjyf3sgq5atkl4n53npjudo7r8eenx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Collapse Templates</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33477</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157655</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:18:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Helpbox  |templatename = Collapsible templates  |name = Collapsible templates  |bodyclass = vcard   |list1 = {{aligned table|fullwidth=y|rightleft=y|col1style=font-weight:bold;    |Help:     |[[Help:Collapsing|Collapsing]]    |Guideline:|[[MOS:COLLAPSE|Hidden content]]   }}   |group2 = [[WP:Mainspace|Article namespace]]  |list2 = {{plainlist|1= * {{tl|collapsible list}} * {{tl|hidden}} * {{hlist|{{tl|hidden begin}}|{{tl|hidden end}}}} }}  |group3 = Wikiped...'</comment>
      <origin>157655</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1058" sha1="iniqo2qroc050p58ihorl2cce6eu5tb" xml:space="preserve">{{Helpbox
 |templatename = Collapsible templates
 |name = Collapsible templates
 |bodyclass = vcard

 |list1 = {{aligned table|fullwidth=y|rightleft=y|col1style=font-weight:bold;
   |Help:     |[[Help:Collapsing|Collapsing]]
   |Guideline:|[[MOS:COLLAPSE|Hidden content]]
  }}

 |group2 = [[WP:Mainspace|Article namespace]]
 |list2 = {{plainlist|1=
* {{tl|collapsible list}}
* {{tl|hidden}}
* {{hlist|{{tl|hidden begin}}|{{tl|hidden end}}}}
}}
 |group3 = [[Wikipedia:Infobox|Infoboxes]]
 |list3 = {{plainlist|1=
* {{tl|collapsed infobox section begin}}
* {{tl|collapsed infobox section end}}
}}
 |group4 = [[Wikipedia:Navigation template|Navigation templates]]
 |list4 = {{plainlist|1=
* {{tl|sidebar with collapsible lists}}
* {{tl|navbox with collapsible groups}}
}}
 |group5 = [[Help:Talk pages|Talk namespace]]
 |list5 = {{plainlist|1=
* {{tl|collapse}}
* {{hlist|{{tl|collapse top}}|{{tl|collapse bottom}}}}
* {{tl|collapse AI top}}
* {{tl|hidden archive top}}
* {{tl|hidden archive bottom}}
}}
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Collapse templates]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>iniqo2qroc050p58ihorl2cce6eu5tb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Helpbox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33478</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157656</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:19:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sidebar | name = {{#if:{{{templatename|}}} |{{{templatename}}} |{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}} }} | templatestyles = Template:Helpbox/styles.css | child templatestyles = {{{child templatestyles|}}} | float = {{{float|}}} | class = help-box noprint {{{class|{{{bodyclass|}}}}}} | style = {{{1|}}}  | titlestyle = {{{titlestyle|}}} | title = {{{title|{{{name|}}}}}} | headingstyle = {{{headingstyle|}}}  | heading1  = {{{group1|}}} | content1  = {{{list1|}}}...'</comment>
      <origin>157656</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2519" sha1="0rddfpcw0umb5xp808xj8dslw7h6pd1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sidebar
| name = {{#if:{{{templatename|}}} |{{{templatename}}} |{{{name|{{PAGENAME}}}}} }}
| templatestyles = Template:Helpbox/styles.css
| child templatestyles = {{{child templatestyles|}}}
| float = {{{float|}}}
| class = help-box noprint {{{class|{{{bodyclass|}}}}}}
| style = {{{1|}}}

| titlestyle = {{{titlestyle|}}}
| title = {{{title|{{{name|}}}}}}
| headingstyle = {{{headingstyle|}}}

| heading1  = {{{group1|}}}
| content1  = {{{list1|}}}
| heading2  = {{{group2|}}}
| content2  = {{{list2|}}}
| heading3  = {{{group3|}}}
| content3  = {{{list3|}}}
| heading4  = {{{group4|}}}
| content4  = {{{list4|}}}
| heading5  = {{{group5|}}}
| content5  = {{{list5|}}}
| heading6  = {{{group6|}}}
| content6  = {{{list6|}}}
| heading7  = {{{group7|}}}
| content7  = {{{list7|}}}
| heading8  = {{{group8|}}}
| content8  = {{{list8|}}}
| heading9  = {{{group9|}}}
| content9  = {{{list9|}}}
| heading10 = {{{group10|}}}
| content10 = {{{list10|}}}
| heading11 = {{{group11|}}}
| content11 = {{{list11|}}}
| heading12 = {{{group12|}}}
| content12 = {{{list12|}}}
| heading13 = {{{group13|}}}
| content13 = {{{list13|}}}
| heading14 = {{{group14|}}}
| content14 = {{{list14|}}}
| heading15 = {{{group15|}}}
| content15 = {{{list15|}}}
| heading16 = {{{group16|}}}
| content16 = {{{list16|}}}
| heading17 = {{{group17|}}}
| content17 = {{{list17|}}}
| heading18 = {{{group18|}}}
| content18 = {{{list18|}}}
| heading19 = {{{group19|}}}
| content19 = {{{list19|}}}
| heading20 = {{{group20|}}}
| content20 = {{{list20|}}}

| navbar = {{#if:{{{templatename|}}} |
    | {{#if:{{{title|}}} |{{#if:{{{name|}}} | |none}}
        | none
        }}
    }}
}}&lt;!-- Tracking categories
--&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=[[Category:Pages using helpbox with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]|preview=Page using [[Template:Helpbox]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;.|showblankpositional=1| 1 | bodyclass | child templatestyles | class | float | headingstyle | name | templatename | title | titlestyle | group1 | group2 | group3 | group4 | group5 | group6 | group7 | group8 | group9 | group10 | group11 | group12 | group13 | group14 | group15 | group16 | group17 | group18 | group19 | group20 | list1 | list2 | list3 | list4 | list5 | list6 | list7 | list8 | list9 | list10 | list11 | list12 | list13 | list14 | list15 | list16 | list17 | list18 | list19 | list20 | 
&lt;!--| regexp1 = group[1-20]--&gt;
&lt;!--| regexp2 = list[1-20]--&gt;
}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0rddfpcw0umb5xp808xj8dslw7h6pd1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Helpbox/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33479</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157657</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:20:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{uses TemplateStyles|Template:Helpbox/styles.css}} {{Generic template demo |title |group1 |list1 |group2 |list2 |list3={{longitem|{{{list3}}}&lt;br/&gt;''without {{{group3}}}''}} |list4=''ditto'' {{{list4}}} |group5&lt;!--={{longitem|{{{group5}}}&lt;br/&gt;{{nobold|''without {{{list5}}}''}}}}--&gt; |group6 |list6={{{list6}}}&lt;br/&gt;''...... etc ......'' |group20 |list20}}  This template allows a help-related Wikipedia:Navigation template|n...'</comment>
      <origin>157657</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3849" sha1="irp6qipp8nwuotjwer2jqbzyab47guk" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
{{uses TemplateStyles|Template:Helpbox/styles.css}}
{{Generic template demo |title |group1 |list1 |group2 |list2 |list3={{longitem|{{{list3}}}&lt;br/&gt;''without {{{group3}}}''}} |list4=''ditto'' {{{list4}}} |group5&lt;!--={{longitem|{{{group5}}}&lt;br/&gt;{{nobold|''without {{{list5}}}''}}}}--&gt; |group6 |list6={{{list6}}}&lt;br/&gt;''...... etc ......'' |group20 |list20}}

This template allows a help-related [[Wikipedia:Navigation template|navigation template]] to be set up relatively quickly by supplying it with one or more lists of links.

== Usual syntax ==

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow:auto;&quot;&gt;
{{Helpbox
| name    =  &lt;!-- or: | templatename = --&gt;
| title   =  &lt;!-- or, if templatename used: | name = --&gt;

| group1  = 
| list1   = 

| group2  = 
| list2   = 

&lt;!-- etc, to: --&gt;

| group20 = 
| list20  = 

}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Parameters ==

===Required===
; ''title'' &amp;nbsp;{{nobold|(or, if ''templatename'' used (see below),}} ''name''{{nobold|)}}
: The template's title, centered at the top of the template.
; ''list&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;''
: (i.e. ''list1'', ''list2'', etc.) The body of the template, usually a list of links. Format is inline, although the text can be entered on separate lines if the entire list is enclosed within {{tag|div}}.  At least one ''list'' parameter is required. Each ''list&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;'' may be preceded by a corresponding ''group&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;'' parameter, if provided (see below). There is a limit of 20 lists/groups in a template.

===Optional===
; ''group&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;''
: (i.e. ''group1'', ''group2'', etc.) If specified, text appears in a header displayed above ''list&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;''.
; first unnamed parameter
: Inline [[CSS]] for the template.
; ''name'' &amp;nbsp;{{nobold|(or, if ''name'' used as above,}} ''templatename''{{nobold|)}}
: The template's pagename, activating the inclusion of the {{smaller|V•T•E}} links in its bottom righthand corner. [[Template:Helpbox]]'s pagename, for example, is &quot;Helpbox&quot;.

== Example ==

{{Helpbox |width:17.5em
| name = Helpbox/doc
| class = plainlist
| title = [[:Category:Wikipedia policies|Wikipedia policy]]

| group1 = Article standards
| list1 =
*[[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|Neutral point of view]]
*[[Wikipedia:Verifiability|Verifiability]]
*[[Wikipedia:No original research|No original research]]
*[[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Biographies of living persons]]

| group2 = Working with others
| list2 =
*[[Wikipedia:Civility|Civility]]
*[[Wikipedia:Consensus|Consensus]]
*[[Wikipedia:No personal attacks|No personal attacks]]
*[[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|Dispute resolution]]
*[[WP:LEGAL|No legal threats]]

| group3 = Global principles
| list3 =
*[[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not|What Wikipedia is not]]
*[[Wikipedia:Ignore all rules|Ignore all rules]]
}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow:auto;&quot;&gt;
{{Helpbox |width:17.5em
| name = Helpbox/doc
| class = plainlist
| title = [[:Category:Wikipedia policies|Wikipedia policy]]

| group1 = Article standards
| list1 =
*[[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|Neutral point of view]]
*[[Wikipedia:Verifiability|Verifiability]]
*[[Wikipedia:No original research|No original research]]
*[[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Biographies of living persons]]

| group2 = Working with others
| list2 =
*[[Wikipedia:Civility|Civility]]
*[[Wikipedia:Consensus|Consensus]]
*[[Wikipedia:No personal attacks|No personal attacks]]
*[[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|Dispute resolution]]
*[[WP:LEGAL|No legal threats]]

| group3 = Global principles
| list3 =
*[[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not|What Wikipedia is not]]
*[[Wikipedia:Ignore all rules|Ignore all rules]]
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Tracking category ==
* {{clc|Pages using helpbox with unknown parameters}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||

[[Category:Sidebar metatemplates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>irp6qipp8nwuotjwer2jqbzyab47guk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Person infobox header</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33480</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157658</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:24:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{ombox|type=content|text=The design and content of [[:Category:People and person infobox templates|biographical infoboxes]] must comply with Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability policy]], as well as the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes|infobox]] and [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography|biographical style guidelines]]. All content displayed by this template must adhere to the '''Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|biographies of livi...'</comment>
      <origin>157658</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="817" sha1="cko6dk6awluiq5pbeleyd4pmnsa4dox" xml:space="preserve">{{ombox|type=content|text=The design and content of [[:Category:People and person infobox templates|biographical infoboxes]] must comply with Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability policy]], as well as the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes|infobox]] and [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography|biographical style guidelines]]. All content displayed by this template must adhere to the '''[[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|biographies of living persons policy]]''' when applicable. [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|Unsourced or poorly sourced]] [[Wikipedia:Contentious|contentious]] material '''must be removed''', especially if it is potentially [[Wikipedia:Libel|libelous]].}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation
|content=
{{no documentation}}
[[Category:People and person infobox templates]]
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cko6dk6awluiq5pbeleyd4pmnsa4dox</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:No documentation</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33481</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157659</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:25:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{Ombox | type  = content | name = Improve documentation | class = ambox-Refimprove | image = [[File:Edit-copy green with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | text  = This {{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:828}}=module|#default=template}}'s '''[[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is missing, inadequate''', or does not accurately describe its functionality or the Help:Template#Parame...'</comment>
      <origin>157659</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1077" sha1="c1wjmj2cqhp617vqq8sva0h83k6g75k" xml:space="preserve">{{SAFESUBST:&lt;noinclude /&gt;#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{Ombox
| type  = content
| name = Improve documentation
| class = ambox-Refimprove
| image = [[File:Edit-copy green with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]]
| text  = This {{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:828}}=module|#default=template}}'s '''[[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is missing, inadequate''', or does not accurately describe its functionality or the [[Help:Template#Parameters|parameters]] in its code. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|''(Reason: {{{reason}}})''|}} Please help [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}{{#ifexpr:{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/doc|1|0}} or {{yesno|1={{{linkdocsub|no}}}|yes=1|no=0}}|/doc}}|action=edit}} add, expand, or improve it]. {{#if:{{{talk|{{{1|}}}}}} |See [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|talk page]] for details.|}} {{#if:{{{date|{{{2|}}}}}} |{{small|''({{{date}}})''}}}}
}}&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc|sandbox|testcases=|#default={{Dated maintenance category|||Templates with missing or incorrect documentation}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>c1wjmj2cqhp617vqq8sva0h83k6g75k</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:No documentation/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33482</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157660</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:26:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Short description|Tag for templates and modules}}&lt;/includeonly&gt; {{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{High-use}} {{No subst}} {{tsh|nodoc}} {{tlr|No documentation}}  This template is used on template/module documentation pages whose content is missing, insufficient, incomplete and/or inaccurate.  == Usage ==  If the template...'</comment>
      <origin>157660</origin>
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      <text bytes="2409" sha1="n12dkrpgr7f2ik9xakiiebkiyfnzfxm" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Short description|Tag for templates and modules}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{High-use}}
{{No subst}}
{{tsh|nodoc}}
{{tlr|No documentation}}

This template is used on template/module documentation pages whose content is missing, insufficient, incomplete and/or inaccurate.

== Usage ==

If the template already has a [[Wikipedia:Documentation subpage|documentation subpage]], place this template in that subpage before the first heading. Example:
 {{tlf|Documentation subpage}}
 {{tlf|bold=yes|Improve documentation|date{{=}}{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}
 ==Usage==

If the template {{em|does not}} have a documentation subpage, place this template at the end of the main template code, wrapped in {{xtag|noinclude|p}} tags. Example:
 ... main template code ...
 &lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 {{tlf|bold=yes|No documentation|date{{=}}{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}
 &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;

The template adds pages to [[:Category:Templates with missing or incorrect documentation]].

==TemplateData==
{{templatedata header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;talk&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
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			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Shows \&quot;See the talk page for details\&quot; if a value is supplied&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
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		&quot;date&quot;: {
			&quot;autovalue&quot;: &quot;{{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}&quot;,
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			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
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		&quot;reason&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Reason&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Displays in the message text, prefaced with \&quot;Reason:...\&quot;, to indicate what needs improving.&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;too technical to understand.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Tags templates with inadequate or nonexistent documentation.&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== Redirects ==
* {{tl|No documentation}} - the same message is given whether the documentation is inadequate or nonexistent

== See also ==
* {{tl|Documentation}}
* [[Wikipedia:Template documentation]]
* {{tlg|Ombox}} the template transcluded into this one. It provides the basic framework. 

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;

[[Category:Template documentation cleanup templates]]
[[Category:Request templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>n12dkrpgr7f2ik9xakiiebkiyfnzfxm</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Infobox officeholder/example</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33483</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157661</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:28:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage|override=example}} This page is to aid users in the application of {{tl|Infobox officeholder}}.  ==General office== {{Infobox president | honorific_prefix = | name             = Harry S. Truman | honorific_suffix = | image            = Harry S. Truman.jpg | alt              =  | order            = 33rd | office           = President of the United States | election         =  | term_start       = {{Start date|1945|4|12}} | term_end...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="30446" sha1="5rjtu4v7qlfzh004rcu4jdjrwqsm537" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage|override=example}}
This page is to aid users in the application of {{tl|Infobox officeholder}}.

==General office==
{{Infobox president
| honorific_prefix =
| name             = Harry S. Truman
| honorific_suffix =
| image            = Harry S. Truman.jpg
| alt              = 
| order            = 33rd
| office           = President of the United States
| election         = 
| term_start       = {{Start date|1945|4|12}}
| term_end         = {{End date|1953|1|20}}
| vice_president   = [[Alben W. Barkley]]  (1949–53)
| predecessor      = [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
| successor        = [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1884|5|8}}
| birth_place      = [[Lamar, Missouri]], U.S.
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|1972|12|26|1884|5|8}}
| death_place      = [[Kansas City, Missouri]], U.S.
| spouse           = [[Bess Truman|Bess Wallace Truman]]
| party            = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| relations        = 
| children         = [[Margaret Truman]]
| residence        =
| alma_mater       =
| occupation       =
| profession       = 
| signature        = Harry S. Truman signature.png
| signature_alt    = &quot;Harry S. Truman&quot; signature
| website          =
| footnotes        =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow:auto&quot;&gt;
{{Infobox president
| honorific_prefix =
| name             = Harry S. Truman
| honorific_suffix =
| image            = Harry S. Truman.jpg
| alt              = 
| order            = 33rd
| office           = President of the United States
| election         = 
| term_start       = {{Start date|1945|4|12}}
| term_end         = {{End date|1953|1|20}}
| vice_president   = [[Alben W. Barkley]]  (1949–53)
| predecessor      = [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
| successor        = [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1884|5|8}}
| birth_place      = [[Lamar, Missouri]], U.S.
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|1972|12|26|1884|5|8}}
| death_place      = [[Kansas City, Missouri]], U.S.
| spouse           = [[Bess Truman|Bess Wallace Truman]]
| party            = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| relations        = 
| children         = [[Margaret Truman]]
| residence        =
| alma_mater       =
| occupation       =
| profession       = 
| signature        = Harry S. Truman signature.png
| signature_alt    = &quot;Harry S. Truman&quot; signature
| website          =
| footnotes        =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==Ambassador==
{{Infobox ambassador
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Whitelaw Reid
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Whitelaw Reid.jpg
| alt = Seated portrait of 60-ish man with beard, mustache, and receding hairline, in circa-1880 formal dress with high collar, with a book in his lap and a watch at the end of a chain suspended from his coat.
| order = 28th
| ambassador_from = United States
| country = France
| term_start = {{Start date|1889|3|23}}
| term_end = {{End date|1892|3|25}}
| predecessor = [[Robert Milligan McLane|Robert M. McLane]]
| successor = [[T. Jefferson Coolidge]]
| order2 = 35th
| ambassador_from2 = United States
| country2 = the United Kingdom
| term_start2 = {{Start date|1889|3|23}}
| term_end2 = {{End date|1912|12|15}}
| predecessor2 = [[Joseph Hodges Choate|Joseph H. Choate]]
| successor2 = [[Walter Hines Page]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1837|10|12}}
| birth_place = [[Cedarville, Ohio]], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1912|12|15|1837|10|12}}
| death_place = London, England
| spouse =
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| relations = 
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = Politician, editor
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox ambassador
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Whitelaw Reid
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Whitelaw Reid.jpg
| alt = Seated portrait of 60-ish man with beard, mustache, and receding hairline, in circa-1880 formal dress with high collar, with a book in his lap and a watch at the end of a chain suspended from his coat.
| order = 28th
| ambassador_from = United States
| country = France
| term_start = {{Start date|1889|3|23}}
| term_end = {{Death date|1892|3|25}}
| predecessor = [[Robert Milligan McLane|Robert M. McLane]]
| successor = [[T. Jefferson Coolidge]]
| order2 = 35th
| ambassador_from2 = United States
| country2 = the United Kingdom
| term_start2 = {{Start date|1889|3|23}}
| term_end2 = {{Death date|1912|12|15}}
| predecessor2 = [[Joseph Hodges Choate|Joseph H. Choate]]
| successor2 = [[Walter Hines Page]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1837|10|12}}
| birth_place = [[Cedarville, Ohio]], United States
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1912|12|15|1837|10|12}}
| death_place = [[London]], England, United Kingdom
| spouse =
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| relations = 
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = Politician, editor
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==Assembly Member==
{{Infobox AM
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Nick Bourne
| honorific_suffix = [[Member of the National Assembly for Wales|AM]]
| alt = 
| caption =
| constituency_AM = [[Mid and West Wales (National Assembly for Wales electoral region)|Mid and West Wales]]
| assembly = Welsh
| majority =
| term_start = {{start date|1999|5|6|df=yes}}
| term_end =
| predecessor = ''(new constituency)''
| successor = Incumbent
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1952|1|1}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse =
| party = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[Aberystwyth University|University of Wales, Aberystwyth]]
| occupation =
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website = [http://blog.nickbourne.org.uk/ Nick Bourne's Blog]
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox AM
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Nick Bourne
| honorific_suffix = [[Member of the National Assembly for Wales|AM]]
| alt = 
| caption =
| constituency_AM = [[Mid and West Wales (National Assembly for Wales electoral region)|Mid and West Wales]]
| assembly = Welsh
| majority =
| term_start = {{start date|1999|5|6|df=yes}}
| term_end =
| predecessor = ''(new constituency)''
| successor = Incumbent
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1952|1|1}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse =
| party = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[Aberystwyth University|University of Wales]], Aberystwyth
| occupation =
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website = [http://blog.nickbourne.org.uk/ Nick Bourne's Blog]
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==Governor==
{{Infobox governor
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Gray Davis
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Gray_Davis.jpg
| alt = 
| caption =
| order = 37th
| office = Governor of California
| term_start = January 4, 1999
| term_end = November 17, 2003
| lieutenant = [[Cruz Bustamante]]
| predecessor = [[Pete Wilson]]
| successor = [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|12|26}}
| birth_place = [[The Bronx]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Sharon Ryer Davis
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = Politician
| signature = 
| signature_alt = 
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox governor
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Gray Davis
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Gray_Davis.jpg
| alt = 
| caption =
| order = 37th
| office = Governor of California
| term_start = January 4, 1999
| term_end = November 17, 2003
| lieutenant = [[Cruz Bustamante]]
| predecessor = [[Pete Wilson]]
| successor = [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|12|26}}
| birth_place = [[New York City]], New York, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Sharon Ryer Davis
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = Politician
| signature = 
| signature_alt = 
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

== Judge ==
{{Infobox judge
| honorific_prefix   = 
| name               = William Hubbs Rehnquist
| honorific_suffix   = 
| image              = William Rehnquist.jpg
| alt                = Seated portrait, from waist up, of a man in black robes, coat, and tie. He wears glasses and has a receding hairline. His hands are folded.
| caption            = 
| order              = 16th
| office             = Chief Justice of the United States
| term_start         = September 26, 1986
| term_end           = September 3, 2005
| nominator          = [[Ronald Reagan]]
| appointer          = 
| predecessor        = [[Warren E. Burger]]
| successor          = [[John Roberts]]
| office2            = [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States|Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court]]
| term_start2        = January 7, 1972
| term_end2          = September 26, 1986
| nominator2         = [[Richard Nixon]]
| appointer2         = 
| predecessor2       = [[John Marshall Harlan II]]
| successor2         = [[Antonin Scalia]]
| birth_date         = October 1, 1924
| birth_place        = [[Milwaukee]], Wisconsin, U.S.
| death_date         = September 3, 2005, age 80
| death_place        = [[Arlington, Virginia]], U.S.
| spouse             = 
| party              = 
| relations          = 
| children           = 
| residence          = 
| alma_mater         = 
| occupation         = 
| profession         = 
| signature          = 
| signature_alt      = 
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox judge
| honorific_prefix =
| name = William Hubbs Rehnquist
| honorific_suffix =
| image = William Rehnquist.jpg
| alt = Seated portrait, from waist up, of a man in black robes, coat, and tie. He wears glasses and has a receding hairline. His hands are folded.
| caption =
| order = 16th
| office = Chief Justice of the United States
| term_start = September 26, 1986
| term_end = September 3, 2005
| nominator = [[Ronald Reagan]]
| appointer =
| predecessor = [[Warren E. Burger]]
| successor = [[John Roberts]]
| office2 = [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States|Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court]]
| term_start2 = January 7, 1972
| term_end2 = September 26, 1986
| nominator2 = [[Richard Nixon]]
| appointer2 =
| predecessor2 = [[John Marshall Harlan II]]
| successor2 = [[Antonin Scalia]]
| birth_date = October 1, 1924
| birth_place = [[Milwaukee]], Wisconsin, U.S.
| death_date = September 3, 2005, age 80
| death_place = [[Arlington, Virginia]], U.S.
| spouse =
| party =
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==Member of Parliament==
{{Infobox MP
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Diane Abbott
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Diane Abbott low quality.jpg
| alt = 50ish woman in black, with a bright red scarf, large black-and-white earrings and glasses, smiling and holding a microphone in one hand and a sheet of paper in the other
| constituency_MP = [[Hackney North and Stoke Newington]]
| parliament = United Kingdom
| majority = 7,427 (25%)
| predecessor = [[Ernie Roberts]]
| successor = 
| term_start = 11 June 1987
| term_end =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1953|9|27}}
| birth_place = [[Paddington]], London, England
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse =
| party = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[Newnham College, Cambridge]]
| occupation =
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox MP
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Diane Abbott
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Diane Abbott low quality.jpg
| alt = 50ish woman in black, with a bright red scarf, large black-and-white earrings and glasses, smiling and holding a microphone in one hand and a sheet of paper in the other
| constituency_MP = [[Hackney North and Stoke Newington]]
| parliament = United Kingdom
| majority = 7,427 (25.3%)
| predecessor = [[Ernie Roberts]]
| successor = 
| term_start = 11 June 1987
| term_end =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1953|9|27|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Paddington]], London, England
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse =
| party = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[Newnham College, Cambridge]]
| occupation =
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==US Congressperson==
{{Infobox congressman
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Dennis Hastert
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Dennis Hastert 109th pictorial photo.jpg
| alt = Head of a 60sh plump man with gray hair, squinting through eyeglasses
| state = Illinois
| district = [[Illinois's 14th congressional district|14th]]
| term_start = January 6, 1987
| predecessor = [[John E. Grotberg]]
| successor = Incumbent
| speaker = 59th
| term_start2 = January 6, 1999
| term_end2 = January 3, 2007
| predecessor2 = [[Newt Gingrich]]
| successor2 = [[Nancy Pelosi]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|1|2}}
| birth_place = [[Aurora, Illinois|Aurora]], Illinois, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Jean Kahl
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Mentoring
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox congressman
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Dennis Hastert
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Dennis Hastert 109th pictorial photo.jpg
| alt = Head of a 60sh plump man with gray hair, squinting through eyeglasses
| state = Illinois
| district = [[Illinois's 14th congressional district|14th]]
| term_start = January 6, 1987
| predecessor = [[John E. Grotberg]]
| successor = Incumbent
| speaker = 59th
| term_start2 = January 6, 1999
| term_end2 = January 3, 2007
| predecessor2 = [[Newt Gingrich]]
| successor2 = [[Nancy Pelosi]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|1|2}}
| birth_place = [[Aurora, Illinois|Aurora]], Illinois, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Jean Kahl
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Mentoring
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==State representative==
{{Infobox state representative
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Fabian Núñez
| honorific_suffix =
| image = FabianNunez.jpg
| alt = Head and shoulders of a smiling 40ish man with dark hair
| state_assembly = California &lt;!--more often use state_house --&gt;
| district = [[California's 46th Assembly district|46th]]
| term_start = 2002
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Gil Cedillo]]
| successor = 
| speaker = 66th
| term_start2 = 2002
| term_end2 =
| predecessor2 = [[Herb Wesson]]
| successor2 = Termed out (2008)
| birth_date = December 22, 1966
| birth_place = [[San Diego]], California, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Maria Robles
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = Politician
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox state representative
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Fabian Núñez
| honorific_suffix =
| image = FabianNunez.jpg
| alt = Head and shoulders of a smiling 40ish man with dark hair
| state_assembly = California &lt;!--more often use state_house --&gt;
| district = [[California's 46th Assembly district|46th]]
| term_start = 2002
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Gil Cedillo]]
| successor = 
| speaker = 66th
| term_start2 = 2002
| term_end2 =
| predecessor2 = [[Herb Wesson]]
| successor2 = Termed out (2008)
| birth_date = December 22, 1966
| birth_place = [[San Diego]], California, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| spouse = Maria Robles
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = Politician
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==US Senator==
{{Infobox senator
| honorific_prefix =
| name =  John Sidney McCain III
| honorific_suffix =
| image = John McCain official photo portrait.JPG
| alt = Half-length portrait of 70ish man with receding white hair and a square jaw
| jr/sr = Senior Senator
| state = [[Arizona]]
| alongside = Jon Kyl
| term_start = January 3, 1987
| term_end = August 25, 2018
| predecessor = [[Barry Goldwater]]
| successor = [[John Kyl]]
| state2 = Arizona
| district2 = [[Arizona's 1st congressional district|1st]]
| term_start2 = 1983
| term_end2 = 1987
| predecessor2 = [[John Jacob Rhodes]]
| successor2 = [[John Jacob Rhodes III]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1936|08|29}}
| birth_place = [[Panama Canal Zone]] (U.S. Territory)
| death_date = {{death date and age|2018|8|25|1936|8|29}}
| death_place =
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| spouse = (1) Carol Shepp, divorced;
(2) [[Cindy Hensley McCain]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = [[United States Naval Aviator|Naval Aviator]]
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox senator
| honorific_prefix =
| name =  John Sidney McCain III
| honorific_suffix =
| image = John McCain official photo portrait.JPG
| alt = Half-length portrait of 70ish man with receding white hair and a square jaw
| jr/sr = Senior Senator
| state = [[Arizona]]
| alongside = Jon Kyl
| term_start = January 3, 1987
| predecessor = [[Barry Goldwater]]
| successor = [[John Kyl]]
| state2 = Arizona
| district2 = [[Arizona's 1st congressional district|1st]]
| term_start2 = 1983
| term_end2 = 1987
| predecessor2 = [[John Jacob Rhodes]]
| successor2 = [[John Jacob Rhodes III]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1936|08|29}}
| birth_place = [[Panama Canal Zone]] (U.S. Territory)
| death_date = {{death date and age|2018|8|25|1936|8|29}}
| death_place =
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| spouse = (1) Carol Shepp, divorced;
(2) [[Cindy Hensley McCain]]
| relations =
| children =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = [[United States Naval Aviator|Naval Aviator]]
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==State senator==
{{Infobox state senator
| honorific_prefix    = 
| name                = Michael E. Gronstal
| honorific_suffix    = 
| image               = Michael E. Gronstal - Official Portrait - 84th GA.jpg
| image_size          =
| alt                 = 
| state_senate        = Iowa
| district            = 8th
| prior_term          = 50th (1985-1993) and (2003-2013)&lt;br&gt;42nd (1993–2003)
| term_start          = January 8, 1985
| term_end            =
| predecessor         = [[Tom Slater (politician)|Tom Slater]]
| successor           =
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1950|1|29|mf=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Council Bluffs, Iowa]], U.S.
| death_date          =
| death_place         =
| party               = [[Iowa Democratic Party|Democrat]]
| spouse              = Connie Meisenbach
| partner             =
| relations           =
| children            = Kate, Sarah
| residence           = [[Council Bluffs, Iowa]], U.S.
| alma_mater          = BA [[Antioch College]]&lt;br&gt;attended [[Loyola University Chicago|Loyola University]]
| occupation          =
| profession          =
| signature           = 
| signature_alt       =
| website             = [http://www3.legis.state.ia.us/ga/member.do?id=142 Gronstal's website]
| footnotes           =
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox state senator
| honorific_prefix    = 
| name                = Michael E. Gronstal
| honorific_suffix    = 
| image               = Michael E. Gronstal - Official Portrait - 84th GA.jpg
| image_size          =
| alt                 = 
| state_senate        = Iowa
| district            = 8th
| prior_term          = 50th (1985–1993) and (2003–2013)&lt;br&gt;42nd (1993–2003)
| term_start          = January 8, 1985
| term_end            =
| predecessor         = [[Tom Slater (politician)|Tom Slater]]
| successor           =
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1950|1|29|mf=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Council Bluffs, Iowa]], U.S.
| death_date          =
| death_place         =
| party               = [[Iowa Democratic Party|Democrat]]
| spouse              = Connie Meisenbach
| partner             =
| relations           =
| children            = Kate, Sarah
| residence           = [[Council Bluffs, Iowa]], U.S.
| alma_mater          = BA [[Antioch College]]&lt;br&gt;attended [[Loyola University Chicago|Loyola University]]
| occupation          =
| profession          =
| signature           = 
| signature_alt       =
| website             = [http://www3.legis.state.ia.us/ga/member.do?id=142 Gronstal's website]
| footnotes           =
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==Ukrainian legislative office==
{{Infobox Ukrainian legislative office
|name         = Vitali Klitschko
|native_name  = Віта́лій Кличко́
|native_name_lang = uk
|office       = [[Mayor of Kyiv]]
|image        = Vitali Klitschko September 2014.jpg
|predecessor  = Halyna Hereha (Acting)
|successor    = 
|signature    = Vitali Klitschko signature.png
|party        = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|Ukrainian Democratic Alliance&lt;br&gt;for Reform]] (2010–2015)&lt;br&gt;[[Petro Poroshenko Bloc &quot;Solidarity&quot;|Petro Poroshenko Bloc]] ({{As of|since=y|lc=y|2014}})
|office1      = Head of the [[Kyiv City State Administration]]
|predecessor1 = [[Volodymyr Bondarenko (politician)|Volodymyr Bondarenko]]
|successor1   = 
|birth_name    = Vitali Volodymyrovych Klitschko
|birth_date   = {{birth date and age|1971|7|19|df=y}}
|birth_place  = [[Belovodskoye]], [[Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic|Kirghiz SSR]], [[Soviet Union]] (now [[Kyrgyzstan]])
|spouse       = Natalia Egorova ({{As of|since=y|lc=y|1996}})
|children     = Yegor-Daniel&lt;br&gt;Elizabeth-Victoria&lt;br&gt;Max
|alma_mater   = Pereiaslav-Khmelnytsky Pedagogical Institute&lt;br&gt;[[Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv|Taras Shevchenko National&lt;br&gt;University]]&lt;br&gt;[[National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine]]
|website      = {{URL|klichko.org|Official website}}
|term_start   = 5 June 2014
|term_end     = 
|term_start1  = 25 June 2014
|term_end1    = 

|office2       = [[Kyiv City Council|Deputy of the Kyiv City Council]]
|convocation2  = [[Ukrainian local elections, 2006|5th session]]
|constituency2 = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|Klitschko Bloc &quot;PORA–ROP&quot;]]
|term_start2   = April 2006
|term_end2     = June 2008
|convocation3  = [[Kyiv local election, 2008|6th session]]
|constituency3 = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|Vitali Klitschko Bloc]]
|term_start3   = June 2008
|term_end3     = December 2012
|office4       = [[People's Deputy of Ukraine]]
|convocation4  = [[7th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada|7th convocation]]
|constituency4 = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|UDAR]], No.1&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=People's Deputy of Ukraine of the VII convocation |url=http://gapp.rada.gov.ua/mps/info/expage/15664/8 |website=Official portal |publisher=Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine |access-date=22 December 2014 |language=uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|term_start4   = 12 December 2012
|term_end4     = 5 June 2014
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox Ukrainian legislative office
|name         = Vitali Klitschko
|native_name  = Віта́лій Кличко́
|native_name_lang = uk
|image        = Vitali Klitschko September 2014.jpg

|office       = [[Mayor of Kyiv]]
|predecessor  = Halyna Hereha (Acting)
|successor    = 
|term_start   = 5 June 2014
|term_end     = 

|office1      = Head of the [[Kyiv City State Administration]]
|predecessor1 = [[Volodymyr Bondarenko (politician)|Volodymyr Bondarenko]]
|successor1   = 
|term_start1  = 25 June 2014
|term_end1    = 

|office2       = [[Kyiv City Council|Deputy of the Kyiv City Council]]
|convocation2  = [[Ukrainian local elections, 2006|5th session]]
|constituency2 = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|Klitschko Bloc &quot;PORA–ROP&quot;]]
|term_start2   = April 2006
|term_end2     = June 2008

|convocation3  = [[Kyiv local election, 2008|6th session]]
|constituency3 = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|Vitali Klitschko Bloc]]
|term_start3   = June 2008
|term_end3     = December 2012

|office4       = [[People's Deputy of Ukraine]]
|convocation4  = [[7th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada|7th convocation]]
|constituency4 = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|UDAR]], No.1&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=People's Deputy of Ukraine of the VII convocation |url=http://gapp.rada.gov.ua/mps/info/expage/15664/8 |website=Official portal |publisher=Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine |access-date=22 December 2014 |language=uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|term_start4   = 12 December 2012
|term_end4     = 5 June 2014

|party        = [[Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform|Ukrainian Democratic Alliance&lt;br&gt;for Reform]] (2010–2015)&lt;br&gt;[[Petro Poroshenko Bloc &quot;Solidarity&quot;|Petro Poroshenko Bloc]] ({{As of|since=y|lc=y|2014}})
|birth_name    = Vitali Volodymyrovych Klitschko
|birth_date   = {{birth date and age|1971|7|19|df=y}}
|birth_place  = [[Belovodskoye]], [[Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic|Kirghiz SSR]], [[Soviet Union]] (now [[Kyrgyzstan]])
|spouse       = Natalia Egorova ({{As of|since=y|lc=y|1996}})
|children     = Yegor-Daniel&lt;br&gt;Elizabeth-Victoria&lt;br&gt;Max
|alma_mater   = Pereiaslav-Khmelnytsky Pedagogical Institute&lt;br&gt;[[Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv|Taras Shevchenko National&lt;br&gt;University]]&lt;br&gt;[[National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine]]
|signature    = Vitali Klitschko signature.png
|website      = {{URL|klichko.org|Official website}}
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}

==Multiple terms==
: Place the most recent terms at the top. When both a start and an end term are given, you can instead specify the complete term using the parameters {{para|term}}, {{para|term2}}, etc., as is done with {{para|term3}} in the example below. This can be helpful with complicated terms that cannot be given as simple starting or ending dates, or if you prefer something other than the default term separator (an en dash, with spaces around it if the start or end is not a simple integer date).

Where a politician is redistricted into a new district, use {{para|prior_term}} to indicate the previous district(s). This saves space in the infobox by not generating a completely new office each time redistricting happens. If you do this, it is recommended that you list the predecessor before the subject first took office and the successor after the subject last left office. If more complete documentation of the districts is desired, it can be done with succession boxes at the end of the article.

: Where a member has
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Samuel Adams
| image = J S Copley - Samuel Adams.jpg
| alt = A stern middle-aged man with gray hair is wearing a dark red suit. He is standing behind a table, holding a rolled up document in one hand, and pointing with the other hand to a large document on the table.
| caption = In this 1772 portrait by [[John Singleton Copley]], Adams points at the [[Massachusetts Charter]], which he viewed as a constitution that protected the people's rights.
| order = 4th
| office = Governor of Massachusetts
| term_start = October 8, 1793
| term_end = June 2, 1797
| lieutenant = [[Moses Gill]]
| order2 = 3rd [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]]
| term_start2 = 1789
| term_end2 = 1793
| governor2 = [[John Hancock]]
| order3 = [[President of the Massachusetts Senate]]
| term3 = 1782–1785&lt;br /&gt;1787–1788
| order4 = Delegate from Massachusetts to the [[Continental Congress]]
| term_start4 = 1774
| term_end4 = 1781
| order5 = Clerk of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]]
| term_start5 = 1766
| term_end5 = 1774
| birth_date = {{OldStyleDate|September 27|1722|September 16}}
| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1803|10|2|1722|9|27}}
| death_place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| spouse = Elizabeth Checkley,&lt;br /&gt;Elizabeth Wells
| party = [[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]] (1790s)
| signature = Samuel Adams Signature.svg
| signature_alt = Handwritten &quot;Saml Adams&quot;, with the &quot;l&quot; a raised curlicue
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Samuel Adams
| image = J S Copley - Samuel Adams.jpg
| alt = A stern middle-aged man with gray hair is wearing a dark red suit. He is standing behind a table, holding a rolled up document in one hand, and pointing with the other hand to a large document on the table.
| caption = In this 1772 portrait by [[John Singleton Copley]], Adams points at the [[Massachusetts Charter]], which he viewed as a constitution that protected the people's rights.
| order = 4th
| office = Governor of Massachusetts
| term_start = October 8, 1793
| term_end = June 2, 1797
| lieutenant = [[Moses Gill]]
| order2 = 3rd [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]]
| term_start2 = 1789
| term_end2 = 1793
| governor2 = [[John Hancock]]
| order3 = [[President of the Massachusetts Senate]]
| term3 = 1782–1785&lt;br /&gt;1787–1788
| order4 = Delegate from Massachusetts to the [[Continental Congress]]
| term_start4 = 1774
| term_end4 = 1781
| order5 = Clerk of the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]]
| term_start5 = 1766
| term_end5 = 1774
| birth_date = {{OldStyleDate|September 27|1722|September 16}}
| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1803|10|2|1722|9|27}}
| death_place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| spouse = Elizabeth Checkley,&lt;br /&gt;Elizabeth Wells
| party = [[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]] (1790s)
| signature = Samuel Adams Signature.svg
| signature_alt = Handwritten &quot;Saml Adams&quot;, with the &quot;l&quot; a raised curlicue
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{-}}</text>
      <sha1>5rjtu4v7qlfzh004rcu4jdjrwqsm537</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Category link with count</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33484</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157662</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:32:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '[[:Category:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|Category:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}}}&lt;!-- --&gt;]]&amp;nbsp;({{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}|{{{2|all}}}}})&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157662</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="360" sha1="t44qc0k3i1yz2ecwxpiksck04hyz7rx" xml:space="preserve">[[:Category:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}|&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|Category:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;]]&amp;nbsp;({{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}|{{{2|all}}}}})&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t44qc0k3i1yz2ecwxpiksck04hyz7rx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157663</id>
      <parentid>157662</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:33:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Seunaleuëk:Clc]] u [[Seunaleuëk:Category link with count]]</comment>
      <origin>157662</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="360" sha1="t44qc0k3i1yz2ecwxpiksck04hyz7rx" xml:space="preserve">[[:Category:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}|&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|Category:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;]]&amp;nbsp;({{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{#invoke:string|replace|1={{{1}}}|2=^:?[Cc]ategory:|3=|plain=false}}|{{{2|all}}}}})&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t44qc0k3i1yz2ecwxpiksck04hyz7rx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Clc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33485</id>
    <redirect title="Seunaleuëk:Category link with count" />
    <revision>
      <id>157664</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:33:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Seunaleuëk:Clc]] u [[Seunaleuëk:Category link with count]]</comment>
      <origin>157664</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="49" sha1="rzxtehg1pmb5vmbqq4cmx2y7u7tanll" xml:space="preserve">#PUPINAH [[Seunaleuëk:Category link with count]]</text>
      <sha1>rzxtehg1pmb5vmbqq4cmx2y7u7tanll</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Parameter names example</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33486</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157665</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:37:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Parameter names example|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}}&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157665</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="186" sha1="4dc1wzmglz31ir81jrn4ik3iy1v4jpt" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Parameter names example|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>4dc1wzmglz31ir81jrn4ik3iy1v4jpt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157666</id>
      <parentid>157665</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:37:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Seunaleuëk:Generic template demo]] u [[Seunaleuëk:Parameter names example]]</comment>
      <origin>157665</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="186" sha1="4dc1wzmglz31ir81jrn4ik3iy1v4jpt" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Parameter names example|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>4dc1wzmglz31ir81jrn4ik3iy1v4jpt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Generic template demo</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33487</id>
    <redirect title="Seunaleuëk:Parameter names example" />
    <revision>
      <id>157667</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:37:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Seunaleuëk:Generic template demo]] u [[Seunaleuëk:Parameter names example]]</comment>
      <origin>157667</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48" sha1="3pc6fmmov40ux8x5qfdxc4i0sn3w76u" xml:space="preserve">#PUPINAH [[Seunaleuëk:Parameter names example]]</text>
      <sha1>3pc6fmmov40ux8x5qfdxc4i0sn3w76u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:UF-hcard-person</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33488</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157668</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:39:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'The HTML markup produced by this template includes an [[HCard|hCard microformat]], which makes the person's details [[Parsing|parsable]] by computers, either acting automatically to catalogue articles across Wikipedia or via a browser tool operated by a reader, to (for example) add the subject to an address book or database. For more information about the use of [[microformat]]s on Wikipedia, please see Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats|the microformat proj...'</comment>
      <origin>157668</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1726" sha1="euzap3d1bdsv4gjs66egp0w3cy4b3oq" xml:space="preserve">The HTML markup produced by this template includes an [[HCard|hCard microformat]], which makes the person's details [[Parsing|parsable]] by computers, either acting automatically to catalogue articles across Wikipedia or via a browser tool operated by a reader, to (for example) add the subject to an address book or database. For more information about the use of [[microformat]]s on Wikipedia, please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats|the microformat project]].

=== Sub-templates ===
Date-of-birth (&quot;bday&quot;) information will only be included in the microformat if {{tl|birth date}}, or {{tl|birth date and age}} are used in the infobox. ([[Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/dates|Do not use these if the date is before 1583]]). Be cautious about using these if the person is still living, per [[WP:DOB]].

To include a URL, use [[Template:URL]], specifying the url as the value of unnamed param 1; example:
: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{URL|1=https://www.somedomain.com/foo/bar?q=weird_stuff&amp;xyz=more_stuff}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;.

'''Please do not remove instances of these sub-templates.'''

=== Classes ===
hCard uses HTML classes including:
{{Flatlist|
*adr
*agent
*bday
*birthplace
*category
*country-name
*deathdate
*deathplace
*extended-address
*family-name
*fn (required)
*given-name
*honorific-prefix
*honorific-suffix
*label
*locality
*n
*nickname
*note
*org
*role
*url
*vcard
}}

'''Please do not rename or remove these classes nor collapse nested elements which use them.'''&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|doc | |{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |[[Category:Templates generating hCards]]}} }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Category:Templates generating hCards]]
[[Category:Microformat message templates]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>euzap3d1bdsv4gjs66egp0w3cy4b3oq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Collapsed infobox section end/sandbox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33489</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157669</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T12:48:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{div|}}}|&lt;/div&gt;|}}|}{{#if:{{{div|}}}|&lt;div&gt;|}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157669</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="200" sha1="86i799lm6kmlrafz7s4vore3mnikl4h" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{div|}}}|&lt;/div&gt;|}}|}{{#if:{{{div|}}}|&lt;div&gt;|}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, interwikis to Wikidata, not here --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>86i799lm6kmlrafz7s4vore3mnikl4h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Peuraun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33490</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157674</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:11:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman &quot;[[:id:Special:Redirect/revision/28273203|Firaun]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>157674</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4973" sha1="612mz0lp5f5orbhd2bqdn49oqi3tvjr" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox former monarchy|royal_title=Firaun|realm=[[Mesir Kuno|Mesir]]|coatofarms=Double crown.svg|coatofarmssize=130px|coatofarmscaption=Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]|image=Pharaoh.svg|caption=&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;|first_monarch=Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;|last_monarch={{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;|style=Titulari 5 nama|residence=Berbeda-beda tergantung era|began=sekitar 3150 SM|ended={{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}|pretender=}}'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gelar umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Kuno dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Kuno nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Kuno keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==</text>
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      <id>157678</id>
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        <id>33174</id>
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      <text bytes="4965" sha1="0o4x5ox3zc0yhahlrk0eidek1e1t9ml" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox monarchy|royal_title=Firaun|realm=[[Mesir Kuno|Mesir]]|coatofarms=Double crown.svg|coatofarmssize=130px|coatofarmscaption=Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]|image=Pharaoh.svg|caption=&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;|first_monarch=Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;|last_monarch={{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;|style=Titulari 5 nama|residence=Berbeda-beda tergantung era|began=sekitar 3150 SM|ended={{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}|pretender=}}'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gelar umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Kuno dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Kuno nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Kuno keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>157680</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:17:36Z</timestamp>
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        <id>33174</id>
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      <text bytes="4967" sha1="e1niif2t8nndwtkxekm0qldt5hkhxrr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox monarchy|royal_title=Firaun|realm=[[Mesir Kuno|Mesir]]|coatofarms=Double crown.svg|coatofarmssize=130px|coatofarmscaption=Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]|image=Pharaoh.svg|caption=&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;|first_monarch=Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;|last_monarch={{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;|style=Titulari 5 nama|residence=Berbeda-beda tergantung era|began=sekitar 3150 SM|ended={{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}|pretender=}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gelar umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Kuno dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Kuno nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Kuno keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==</text>
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        <id>33174</id>
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      <text bytes="5130" sha1="s3ouvq7no8zbyjhig8bpkoqtcsailpr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox former monarchy
| royal_title       = Peuraun
| realm             = [[Mesir Kuno|Meusé]]
| coatofarms        = Double crown.svg
| coatofarmssize    = 130px
| coatofarmscaption = Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]
| image             = Pharaoh.svg
| caption           = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;
| first_monarch     = Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;
| last_monarch = {{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style             = Titulari 5 nama
| residence         = Berbeda-beda tergantung era
| began             = sekitar 3150 SM
| ended             = {{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}
| pretender =
}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gelar umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Kuno dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Kuno nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Kuno keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==</text>
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      <id>157685</id>
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      <comment>added [[Category:Meusé Lawi]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="5153" sha1="pngbfl9wt9l2wajhfy2rojndto08a8z" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox former monarchy
| royal_title       = Peuraun
| realm             = [[Mesir Kuno|Meusé]]
| coatofarms        = Double crown.svg
| coatofarmssize    = 130px
| coatofarmscaption = Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]
| image             = Pharaoh.svg
| caption           = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;
| first_monarch     = Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;
| last_monarch = {{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style             = Titulari 5 nama
| residence         = Berbeda-beda tergantung era
| began             = sekitar 3150 SM
| ended             = {{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}
| pretender =
}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gelar umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Kuno dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Kuno nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Kuno keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==

[[Kawan:Meusé Lawi]]</text>
      <sha1>pngbfl9wt9l2wajhfy2rojndto08a8z</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>157689</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:45:52Z</timestamp>
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        <id>33174</id>
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      <text bytes="5153" sha1="45wkiswrgqg3xi96sy7b49ter5djwn5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox former monarchy
| royal_title       = Peuraun
| realm             = [[Mesir Kuno|Meusé]]
| coatofarms        = Double crown.svg
| coatofarmssize    = 130px
| coatofarmscaption = Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]
| image             = Pharaoh.svg
| caption           = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;
| first_monarch     = Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;
| last_monarch = {{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style             = Titulari 5 nama
| residence         = Berbeda-beda tergantung era
| began             = sekitar 3150 SM
| ended             = {{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}
| pretender =
}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gelar umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Lawi dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Lawi nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Lawi keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==

[[Kawan:Meusé Lawi]]</text>
      <sha1>45wkiswrgqg3xi96sy7b49ter5djwn5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157691</id>
      <parentid>157689</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:56:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>33174</id>
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      <origin>157691</origin>
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      <text bytes="5151" sha1="cr935i3kqpih9apbivdo830yob1kf34" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox former monarchy
| royal_title       = Peuraun
| realm             = [[Mesir Kuno|Meusé]]
| coatofarms        = Double crown.svg
| coatofarmssize    = 130px
| coatofarmscaption = Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]
| image             = Pharaoh.svg
| caption           = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;
| first_monarch     = Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;
| last_monarch = {{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style             = Titulari 5 nama
| residence         = Berbeda-beda tergantung era
| began             = sekitar 3150 SM
| ended             = {{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}
| pretender =
}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gla umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Lawi dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Lawi nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Lawi keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Ne ==

[[Kawan:Meusé Lawi]]</text>
      <sha1>cr935i3kqpih9apbivdo830yob1kf34</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157692</id>
      <parentid>157691</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:56:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157692</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5152" sha1="pvzohjzurlfduqj3xxtiv05wbgcw681" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox former monarchy
| royal_title       = Peuraun
| realm             = [[Mesir Kuno|Meusé]]
| coatofarms        = Double crown.svg
| coatofarmssize    = 130px
| coatofarmscaption = Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]
| image             = Pharaoh.svg
| caption           = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;
| first_monarch     = Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;
| last_monarch = {{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style             = Titulari 5 nama
| residence         = Berbeda-beda tergantung era
| began             = sekitar 3150 SM
| ended             = {{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}
| pretender =
}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahasa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) nakeuh saboh gla umum nyang jinoe geunguy keu raja-raja Meusé Lawi dari Dinasti Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asai jih nibak kata basa Meusé Lawi nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang meumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon jih geunguy di Meusé Lawi keu geutunyok Istana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geunguy keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé deungon cara metonimi phon bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupeuphôn deungon Dinasti keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gelar keuhormatan. Kata &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gelar raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Peunggunaan kata &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka dari peunggunaan jih lam Alkitab Ibrani, seudangkan lam Al-Qur'an geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gelar leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupeuphôn ngön salah saboh dari gelar-gelar nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateuh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, seudangkan nan-nan la'én geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara dewa-dewa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwakili dewa-dewa seubagoe sidroe peumimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima tertinggi teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Nè ==

[[Kawan:Meusé Lawi]]</text>
      <sha1>pvzohjzurlfduqj3xxtiv05wbgcw681</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157694</id>
      <parentid>157692</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T23:57:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Si Gam</username>
        <id>4266</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>peusaneut bacut, seutöt ijaan Kamueh Abu Bakar</comment>
      <origin>157694</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5118" sha1="6ckhci2uop4ml7zm5nynhthzhvb1tvr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox former monarchy
| royal_title       = Peuraun
| realm             = [[Mesir Kuno|Meusé]]
| coatofarms        = Double crown.svg
| coatofarmssize    = 130px
| coatofarmscaption = Pschent yang merupakan gabungan Dashret (Mahkota Merah) dari [[Mesir Hilir]] dan Hedjet (Mahkota Putih) dari [[Mesir Hulu]]
| image             = Pharaoh.svg
| caption           = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Gambaran tipikal Fir'aun, umumnya mereka digambarkan mengenakan hiasan kepala &quot;nemes&quot;, sebuah jenggot palsu, dan shendyt (semacam sarung)&lt;br /&gt;(gambaran [[Djoser]] dari [[Dinasti ketiga Mesir|Dinasti ke-3]])&lt;div /&gt;
| first_monarch     = Raja [[Narmer]] atau Raja [[Menes]] (berdasarkan tradisi)
&lt;small&gt;(penggunaan pertama kali kata Firaun untuk menyebut Raja dimulai sekitar tahun 1210 SM saat masa kepemimpinan [[Merneptah]] pada Dinasti ke-19)&lt;/small&gt;
| last_monarch = {{plainlist|
*[[Nectanebo II]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang pribumi)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;&gt;[[#Cla95|Clayton 1995]], p. 217. &quot;Although paying lip-service to the old ideas and religion, in varying degrees, pharaonic Egypt had in effect died with the last native pharaoh, Nectanebo II in 343 BC&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Caesarion]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang asli)&lt;/small&gt;
*[[Maximinus II|Maximinus Daia]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(terakhir yang disebut sebagai fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen|last=von Beckerath|first=Jürgen|publisher=Verlag Philipp von Zabern|year=1999|isbn=978-3422008328|pages=266–267}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style             = Titulari 5 nama
| residence         = Berbeda-beda tergantung era
| began             = sekitar 3150 SM
| ended             = {{plainlist|
*343 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun pribumi terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Clayton 217&quot;/&gt;
*30 SM&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Fir'aun yunani terakhir)&lt;/small&gt;
*314 M&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Kaisar Roma yang terakhir disebut sebagai Fir'aun)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;}}
| pretender =
}}

'''Peura'un''' atawa '''Pir'un''' ( {{Lang-ar|فرعون}}  , /fir'aun/ {{Lang-en|Pharaoh}}  , /ˈfɛəroʊ/; Bahsa Meusé : pr ꜥꜣ /pərəʾō/; bahsa Ibrani    /părʿō ''/'' ) saboh gla umum nyang jinoe geungui keu raja-raja [[Meusé Lawi]] nibak Wangsa Phon (kira-kira 3150 SM) sampoe 'an Meusé jipeuduek lé [[Romawi]] bak thon 30 SM.&lt;ref&gt;Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs the Reign-by-reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt.&lt;/ref&gt; Asaijih nibak narit [[basa Meusé Lawi]] nyang geubaca pərəʾō, nyang mumakna harfiah 'rumoh rayek', istilah nyoe phon-phon that geungui di Meusé Lawi keu geutunyok Astana Keurajeuen. Istilah nyan barô geungui keu geuseubôt raja-raja Meusé ngon cara metonimi phôn bak masa Keurajeun Barô (geupuphôn ngon Wangsa keu-18, 1539–1292 SM). Dan bak Dinasti keu-22 (kira-kira 945–730 SM), istilah nyan geu-adopsi seubagoe gla hôreumat. Narit &quot;fir'aun&quot; atawa &quot;pharaoh&quot; hana tom jeuët keu gla raseumi raja-raja Meusé bak masa gobnyan. Neungui narit &quot;pharaoh&quot; seubagoë nan umum keu mandum raja Meusé teuka nibak neungui lam Alkitab Ibrani, salang lam [[Al-Qur'an]] geuseubôt ngon &quot;fir'aun&quot;. Lam dokumen raseumi, gla leungkap sidroe raja Meusé na limong boh nan, nyang tiep-tiep nan nyan geupuphôn ngön salah saboh nibak gla-gla nyoe: Horus, Dua Dara, Horus Meuh, Raja Meusé Ateueh ngön Meusé Barôh, ngön Aneuk Ra. Nan keuluarga geubri bak watèe lahé, salang nan-nan laén geubri bak watèe upacara peungukôhan.

Lam masyarakat Meusé, agama nyan nakeuh pusat lam udép siuroe-uroe. Salah saboh tugaih Firaun nakeuh jeuet keu ureueng teungoh antara [[diwa]]-diwa ngon manusia. Ngon lagèe nyan, Firaun geuwaki diwa-diwa seubagoe sidroe ureueng pimpin sipil ngon agama. Firaun geupumilék mandum tanoh di Meusé, geupeuteupat hukôm, geupeukumpôi pajeuek, ngon geupeutheun Meusé nibak ureueng seurang seubagoe panglima manyang teuntra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt;|date=1999|title=Pharaoh|url=http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pharaoh/home.html|website=AncientEgypt.co.uk|publisher=The British Museum|access-date=20 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lam buet agama, Firaun meutanggông jaweueb keu geupeuteun Maat (mꜣꜥt), atawa tatanan alam semesta, keseimbangan, ngon keuadelan, dan saboh bagian nibak nyan nakeuh jak meuprang meunyo peureulèe keu geupeutheun nanggroe atawa geuseurang nanggroe la'én watee geuyakin nyan akan geupeusampo Maat, miseue jih deungon cara geureubôt sumber daya.

Bak masa awai seugolom Meusé Hilir ngon Hulu meusaboh, Deshret, atawa 'Mahkota Mirah', jeuet keu lambang keurajeuen Meusé Hilir, seudangkan Hedjet, 'Mahkota Putéh', geungui lé raja-raja Meusé Hulu. O'h ka lheueh dua keurajeuen nyan meusaboh jeuet keu saboh Meusé, Pschent—gabungan mahkota mirah ngon putéh—jeuet keu mahkota raseumi raja. Seuiring watee, peulopuek ulèe nyang barô jipeuturi bak masa dinasti-dinasti nyang meubida, miseue jih Khat, Nemes, Atef, mahkota Hemhem, ngon Khepresh. Kadang-kadang, gabungan peulopuek ulèe atawa mahkota nyan jipeuleumah geungui meusapat.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Dapeuta raja Meusé jameun .
* Kutukan firaun .

== Nè ==

[[Kawan:Meusé Lawi]]</text>
      <sha1>6ckhci2uop4ml7zm5nynhthzhvb1tvr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Infobox monarchy</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33491</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157675</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:14:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Infobox | bodyclass = vcard  | aboveclass = adr | above   = &lt;includeonly&gt;{{{royal_title}}} of &lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;{{{realm}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;  | subheaderstyle = font-weight: bold; | subheader  = {{{native_name|}}} | subheader2 = {{#if:{{{border|}}}|  &lt;div style=&quot;font-family: serif; font-size: 90%; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;              line-height: 125%; background-color: rgb(125,7,110); color: white;&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{{border}}}...'</comment>
      <origin>157675</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5345" sha1="9v6lpto8gyf6djur229lozkqwtb32ml" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox
| bodyclass = vcard

| aboveclass = adr
| above   = &lt;includeonly&gt;{{{royal_title}}} of &lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;{{{realm}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;

| subheaderstyle = font-weight: bold;
| subheader  = {{{native_name|}}}
| subheader2 = {{#if:{{{border|}}}|
 &lt;div style=&quot;font-family: serif; font-size: 90%; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;
             line-height: 125%; background-color: rgb(125,7,110); color: white;&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{{border}}}
 | provincial = Provincial
 | state      = State
 | federal    = Federal
 | imperial   = Imperial
 }}&lt;/div&gt;}}

| image   = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{coatofarms|}}}|size={{if empty|{{{coatofarms_size|}}}|{{{coatofarmssize|}}}}}|sizedefault=120px|alt={{if empty|{{{coatofarms_alt|}}}|{{{coa_alt|}}}}}}}
| caption = {{Br separated entries
 | 1 = {{#if:{{{coatofarms_article|}}}|{{#switch:{{{type}}}
  | other    = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Arms of {{{his/her}}} Majesty the {{{royal_title}}} of {{{realm}}}]]
  | other1   = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Imperial Standard of the {{{royal_title}}}]]
  | other2 | other3 = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Arms of {{{his/her}}} Highness the {{{royal_title}}} of {{{realm}}}]]
  | other4   = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Arms of {{{his/her}}} Serene Highness the {{{royal_title}}} of {{{realm}}}]]
  | #default = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}]]
  }}}}
 | 2 = {{if empty|{{{armsnote|}}}|{{{coatofarmscaption|}}}}}
 }}

| headerstyle = background-color: #eee; color:inherit;

| header1 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|Incumbent}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{alt|}}}}}
 | caption = {{{caption|}}}

 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbentsince|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;since {{{incumbentsince}}}}}}}
 | data3 = {{{other|}}}
 }}
| header2 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|Co-incumbent}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image2|}}}|size={{{image2_size|}}}|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{image2_alt|}}}}}
 | caption = {{{caption2|}}}

 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent2}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbent2since|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;since {{{incumbent2since}}}}}}}
 | data3 = {{{other2|}}}
 }}

| header3 = {{#if:{{{heir_apparent|}}}{{{heir_presumptive|}}}{{{first_monarch|}}}{{{last_monarch|}}}{{{formation|}}}{{{began|}}}{{{date|}}}{{{abolition|}}}{{{ended|}}}{{{residence|}}}{{{residences|}}}{{{appointer|}}}{{{pretender|}}}{{{type|}}}{{{his/her|}}}{{{style|}}}|Details}}
| label4  = Style
| data4  = {{#switch:{{{type}}}
| commonwealth | non-commonwealth | other = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Majesty|{{{his/her}}} Majesty]]}}
| other1   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Imperial Majesty (style)|{{{his/her}}} Imperial Majesty]]}}
| other2   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Highness|{{{his/her}}} Highness]]}}
| other3   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Royal Highness|{{{his/her}}} Highness]]}}
| other4   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Serene Highness|{{{his/her}}} Serene Highness]]}}
| SMOM     = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Most Eminent Highness|{{{his/her}}} Most Eminent Highness]]}}
| saudi    = [[Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques|The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques]]
| #default = {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|{{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Majesty|{{{his/her}}} Majesty]]}}}}
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| coatofarms_size; coatofarmssize 
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}} {{{titlenote|}}}

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 }}

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 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|Incumbent}}

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 }}
| header2 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
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 }}

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| data4  = {{#switch:{{{type}}}
| commonwealth | non-commonwealth | other = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Majesty|{{{his/her}}} Majesty]]}}
| other1   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Imperial Majesty (style)|{{{his/her}}} Imperial Majesty]]}}
| other2   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Highness|{{{his/her}}} Highness]]}}
| other3   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Royal Highness|{{{his/her}}} Highness]]}}
| other4   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Serene Highness|{{{his/her}}} Serene Highness]]}}
| SMOM     = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Most Eminent Highness|{{{his/her}}} Most Eminent Highness]]}}
| saudi    = [[Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques|The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques]]
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}} {{{titlenote|}}}

| label5  = [[Heir&amp;nbsp;apparent]]
| data5  = {{{heir_apparent|}}}

| label6  = [[Heir presumptive]]
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| label7  = First&amp;nbsp;monarch
| data7  = {{{first_monarch|}}}

| label8  = Last&amp;nbsp;monarch
| data8  = {{{last_monarch|}}}

| label9  = Formation
| data9  = {{if empty|{{{formation|}}}|{{{began|}}}|{{{date|}}}}}

| label10 = Abolition
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| label11 = Residence{{#if:{{{residences|}}}|s}}
| data11 = {{if empty|{{{residences|}}}|{{{residence|}}}}}

| label12 = Appointer
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| label13 = Pretender{{pluralize from text|{{{pretender|}}}|plural=s}}
| data13 = {{{pretender|}}}

| label14 = Website
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| template = [[Template:Infobox monarchy]]
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| coatofarms_size; coatofarmssize 
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{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="5357" sha1="8wpfo6tk5eqptdib3gcbxjm000uyozn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox
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| above   = &lt;includeonly&gt;{{{royal_title}}} &lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;{{{realm}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;

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| header1 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|Incumbent}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{alt|}}}}}
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 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbentsince|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;since {{{incumbentsince}}}}}}}
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| header2 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
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 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image2|}}}|size={{{image2_size|}}}|sizedefault=150px|alt={{{image2_alt|}}}}}
 | caption = {{{caption2|}}}

 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent2}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbent2since|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;since {{{incumbent2since}}}}}}}
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 }}

| header3 = {{#if:{{{heir_apparent|}}}{{{heir_presumptive|}}}{{{Keurajeuën_Phôn|}}}{{{Keurajeuën_Akhé|}}}{{{formation|}}}{{{began|}}}{{{date|}}}{{{abolition|}}}{{{ended|}}}{{{residence|}}}{{{residences|}}}{{{appointer|}}}{{{pretender|}}}{{{type|}}}{{{his/her|}}}{{{style|}}}|Details}}
| label4  = Gla
| data4  = {{#switch:{{{type}}}
| commonwealth | non-commonwealth | other = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Majesty|{{{his/her}}} Majesty]]}}
| other1   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Imperial Majesty (style)|{{{his/her}}} Imperial Majesty]]}}
| other2   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Highness|{{{his/her}}} Highness]]}}
| other3   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Royal Highness|{{{his/her}}} Highness]]}}
| other4   = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Serene Highness|{{{his/her}}} Serene Highness]]}}
| SMOM     = {{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Most Eminent Highness|{{{his/her}}} Most Eminent Highness]]}}
| saudi    = [[Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques|The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques]]
| #default = {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|{{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Majesty|{{{his/her}}} Majesty]]}}}}
}} {{{titlenote|}}}

| label5  = [[Heir&amp;nbsp;apparent]]
| data5  = {{{heir_apparent|}}}

| label6  = [[Heir presumptive]]
| data6  = {{{heir_presumptive|}}}

| label7  = Keurajeuën Phôn
| data7  = {{{Keurajeuën_Phôn|}}}

| label8  = Keurajeuën_Akhé
| data8  = {{{Keurajeuën_Akhé|}}}

| label9  = Formation
| data9  = {{if empty|{{{formation|}}}|{{{began|}}}|{{{date|}}}}}

| label10 = Abolition
| data10 = {{if empty|{{{abolition|}}}|{{{ended|}}}}}

| label11 = Residence{{#if:{{{residences|}}}|s}}
| data11 = {{if empty|{{{residences|}}}|{{{residence|}}}}}

| label12 = Appointer
| data12 = {{{appointer|}}}

| label13 = Pretender{{pluralize from text|{{{pretender|}}}|plural=s}}
| data13 = {{{pretender|}}}

| label14 = Website
| data14 = {{{website|}}}

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| template = [[Template:Infobox monarchy]]
| cat = {{main other|Category:Pages using infobox monarchy with conflicting parameters}}
| coatofarms_size; coatofarmssize 
| coatofarms_alt; coa_alt 
| armsnote; coatofarmscaption 
| formation; began; date 
| abolition; ended 
| residences; residence 
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
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      <text bytes="3699" sha1="87wc17oodpxtj814dwocva8ajdt3qyu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox
| bodyclass = vcard

| aboveclass = adr
| above   = &lt;includeonly&gt;{{{royal_title}}} &lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;{{{realm}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;

| subheaderstyle = font-weight: bold;
| subheader  = {{{native_name|}}}
| subheader2 = {{#if:{{{border|}}}|
 &lt;div style=&quot;font-family: serif; font-size: 90%; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;
             line-height: 125%; background-color: rgb(125,7,110); color: {{colorsubheader|white}};&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{{border}}}
 | provincial = Provinsi/Negeri
 | federal    = Federal
 | imperial   = Kekaisaran
 | sultanate  = Kesultanan
 | kingdom    = Kerajaan 
 }}&lt;/div&gt;}}

| image   = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{coatofarms|}}}|size={{{coatofarms_size|{{{coatofarmssize|}}}}}}|sizedefault=120px|alt={{{coatofarms_alt|{{{coa_alt|}}}}}}}}
| caption = {{Br separated entries
 | 1 = {{#if:{{{coatofarms_article|}}}|{{#switch:{{{type}}}
  | other    = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Lambang {{{his/her}}} Yang Mulia {{{royal_title}}}  {{{realm}}}]]
  | other1    = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Kekaisaran Resmi dari {{{royal_title}}}]]
  | other3 | other4
             = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Lambang {{{his/her}}} {{{royal_title}}}  {{{realm}}}]]
  | other2 = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}]]
  }}}}
 | 2 = {{{armsnote|{{{coatofarmscaption|}}}}}}
 }}

| headerstyle = background-color: #eee;

| header1 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|Sedang berkuasa}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{image_alt|}}}}}
 | caption = {{{caption|}}}

 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbentsince|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;sejak {{{incumbentsince}}}}}}}
 | data3 = {{{other|}}}
 }}
| header2 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|Co-incumbent}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image2|}}}|size={{{image2_size|}}}|sizedefault=120px|alt={{{image2_alt|}}}}}
 | caption = {{{caption2|}}}

 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent2}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbent2since|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;sejak {{{incumbent2since}}}}}}}
 | data3 = {{{other2|}}}
 }}

| header3 = {{#if:{{{heir_apparent|}}}{{{heir_presumptive|}}}{{{first_monarch|}}}{{{last_monarch|}}}{{{formation|{{{began|{{{date|}}}}}}}}}{{{abolition|{{{ended|}}}}}}{{{residence|{{{residences|}}}}}}{{{appointer|}}}{{{pretender|}}}{{{type|}}}{{{his/her|}}}{{{style|}}}|Perincian}}
| label4 = Sapaan resmi
| data4 = {{#switch:{{{type}}}
 | commonwealth | non-commonwealth | other
            = [[Baginda|Baginda]]
 | other1   = [[Baginda|Baginda]]
 | other2   = [[Baginda|Baginda]]
 | other3   = [[Paduka|Paduka]]
 | other4   = [[Yang Mulia|Yang Mulia]]
 | saudi    = [[Penjaga Dua Kota Suci|Penjaga Dua Kota Suci]]
 | #default = {{#if:{{{style|}}}|{{{style}}}|{{#if:{{{his/her|}}}|[[Baginda|Baginda {{{his/her}}}]]}}}}
 }}{{{titlenote|}}}

| label5 = Pewaris
| data5 = {{{heir_apparent|}}}

| label6 = Pewaris sementara
| data6 = {{{heir_presumptive|}}}

| label7 = Penguasa&amp;nbsp;pertama
| data7 = {{{first_monarch|}}}

| label8 = Penguasa&amp;nbsp;terakhir
| data8 = {{{last_monarch|}}}

| label9 = Pembentukan
| data9 = {{{formation|{{{began|{{{date|}}}}}}}}}

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| label12 = Penunjuk
| data12 = {{{appointer|}}}

| label13 = Penuntut
| data13 = {{{pretender|}}}

| label14 = Situs web
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}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{doc}}[[Kategori:Templat politikus|Monarchy]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3699" sha1="atiaj5hh9pshkf0p9t6iqbi96xtkbht" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox
| bodyclass = vcard

| aboveclass = adr
| above   = &lt;includeonly&gt;{{{royal_title}}} &lt;span class=&quot;country-name&quot;&gt;{{{realm}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;

| subheaderstyle = font-weight: bold;
| subheader  = {{{native_name|}}}
| subheader2 = {{#if:{{{border|}}}|
 &lt;div style=&quot;font-family: serif; font-size: 90%; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase;
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 | provincial = Provinsi/Negeri
 | federal    = Federal
 | imperial   = Kekaisaran
 | sultanate  = Kesultanan
 | kingdom    = Kerajaan 
 }}&lt;/div&gt;}}

| image   = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{coatofarms|}}}|size={{{coatofarms_size|{{{coatofarmssize|}}}}}}|sizedefault=120px|alt={{{coatofarms_alt|{{{coa_alt|}}}}}}}}
| caption = {{Br separated entries
 | 1 = {{#if:{{{coatofarms_article|}}}|{{#switch:{{{type}}}
  | other    = [[{{{coatofarms_article}}}|Lambang {{{his/her}}} Yang Mulia {{{royal_title}}}  {{{realm}}}]]
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  | other3 | other4
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| headerstyle = background-color: #eee;

| header1 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|Sedang berkuasa}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=200px|alt={{{image_alt|}}}}}
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 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbentsince|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;sejak {{{incumbentsince}}}}}}}
 | data3 = {{{other|}}}
 }}
| header2 = {{Infobox | child = yes | decat = yes
 | title = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|Co-incumbent}}

 | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image2|}}}|size={{{image2_size|}}}|sizedefault=120px|alt={{{image2_alt|}}}}}
 | caption = {{{caption2|}}}

 | data2 = {{#if:{{{incumbent2|}}}|'''&lt;span class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{{incumbent2}}}&lt;/span&gt;'''{{#if:{{{incumbent2since|}}}|&lt;br /&gt;sejak {{{incumbent2since}}}}}}}
 | data3 = {{{other2|}}}
 }}

| header3 = {{#if:{{{heir_apparent|}}}{{{heir_presumptive|}}}{{{first_monarch|}}}{{{last_monarch|}}}{{{formation|{{{began|{{{date|}}}}}}}}}{{{abolition|{{{ended|}}}}}}{{{residence|{{{residences|}}}}}}{{{appointer|}}}{{{pretender|}}}{{{type|}}}{{{his/her|}}}{{{style|}}}|Perincian}}
| label4 = Gla raseumi
| data4 = {{#switch:{{{type}}}
 | commonwealth | non-commonwealth | other
            = [[Baginda|Baginda]]
 | other1   = [[Baginda|Baginda]]
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 }}{{{titlenote|}}}

| label5 = Pewaris
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| label6 = Pewaris sementara
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| label7 = Keurajeuën&amp;nbsp;phôn
| data7 = {{{first_monarch|}}}

| label8 = Keurajeuën&amp;nbsp;akhé
| data8 = {{{last_monarch|}}}

| label9 = Geupeudöng
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| label10 = Akhé keurajeuën
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| label12 = Peununyok
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| label13 = Peununtôt
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| label14 = web
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}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{doc}}[[Kategori:Templat politikus|Monarchy]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Infobox former monarchy</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Seunaleuëk:Infobox former monarchy]] u [[Seunaleuëk:Infobox monarchy]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="41" sha1="95el119hp23nojw2zp4881d6zby9pfm" xml:space="preserve">#PUPINAH [[Seunaleuëk:Infobox monarchy]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Infobox monarchy/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33493</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157679</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:16:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt; {{Lua|Module:Infobox|Module:InfoboxImage|Module:Check for unknown parameters}}  == Usage == {{Parameter names example |royal_title |realm |native_name |coatofarms |coatofarms_size |coa_alt |coatofarms_article |coatofarmscaption |type  |his/her |image |image_size |alt |caption |incumbent |incumbentsince |other |image2 |image2_size |image2_alt...'</comment>
      <origin>157679</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5029" sha1="966ryr6kof1zco7p62i1akxomavk74r" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
{{Lua|Module:Infobox|Module:InfoboxImage|Module:Check for unknown parameters}}

== Usage ==
{{Parameter names example
|royal_title |realm |native_name |coatofarms |coatofarms_size |coa_alt |coatofarms_article |coatofarmscaption |type  |his/her |image |image_size |alt |caption |incumbent |incumbentsince |other |image2 |image2_size |image2_alt |caption2 |incumbent2 |incumbent2since |other2 |heir_apparent |heir_presumptive |first_monarch |last_monarch |formation |abolition |residence={{longitem|{{{residence}}}&lt;br/&gt;or {{{residences}}}}} |appointer |pretender |titlenote |website
}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow: auto;&quot;&gt;
{{Infobox monarchy
| royal_title        = &lt;!-- Required. No wikilinks. --&gt;
| realm              = &lt;!-- Required. No wikilinks. --&gt;
| native_name        = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| border             = &lt;!-- Optional. Accepted values: provincial / state / federal / imperial --&gt;
| coatofarms         = &lt;!-- Optional. Just the image name, no File: or Image: coding. --&gt;
| coatofarms_size    =
| coa_alt            =
| coatofarms_article = &lt;!-- Required if {{{coatofarms}}} field is used. --&gt;
| coatofarmscaption  = 
| type               = &lt;!-- Optional. Type of style used by monarch.
  Accepted values: commonwealth / non-commonwealth / other / other1 / other2 / other3 / other4 / saudi

                            commonwealth: Majesty,
                            non-commonwealth: Majesty,
                            other: Majesty,
                            other1: Imperial Majesty,
                            other2: Highness,
                            other3: Royal Highness,
                            other4: Serene Highness,
                            saudi: Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques --&gt;
| his/her            = &lt;!-- Required, or | style = --&gt;
| image              = &lt;!-- Optional. Just the image name, no File: or Image: coding --&gt;
| image_size         =
| alt                =
| caption            = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| incumbent          = &lt;!-- Required. --&gt;
| incumbentsince     = &lt;!-- Optional. Enthronement date. --&gt;
| other              = &lt;!-- Optional. Other caption below incumbent's name instead of enthronement date. --&gt;
| image2             = &lt;!-- Optional. Just the image name, no File: or Image: coding --&gt;
| image2_size        =
| image2_alt         =
| caption2           = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| incumbent2         = &lt;!-- Optional. for a co-principality --&gt;
| incumbent2since    = &lt;!-- Optional. Enthronement date. --&gt;
| other2             = &lt;!-- Optional. Other caption below co-incumbent's name instead of enthronement date. --&gt;
| heir_apparent      = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| heir_presumptive   = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| first_monarch      = &lt;!-- Required. --&gt;
| last_monarch       = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| formation          = &lt;!-- Required. Formation date. --&gt;
| abolition          = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| residence          = &lt;!-- Optional, or | residences = --&gt;
| appointer          = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| pretender          = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
| titlenote          =
| website            = &lt;!-- Optional. --&gt;
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Example ==

{{Infobox monarchy{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox |/sandbox}}
| royal_title = King
| realm = the Belgians
| coatofarms = Great coat of arms of Belgium.svg
| coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of Belgium
| type = non-commonwealth
| image = Koning Filip van België.jpg
| incumbent = [[Philippe of Belgium|Philippe]]
| incumbentsince = 21 July 2013
| his/her = His
| heir_apparent = [[Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant]]
| first_monarch = [[Leopold I of Belgium|Leopold I]]
| date = 21 July 1831
| website = [http://www.monarchie.be/en/ The Belgian Monarchy]
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; style=&quot;overflow: auto;&quot;&gt;
{{Infobox monarchy
| royal_title = King
| realm = the Belgians
| coatofarms = Great coat of arms of Belgium.svg
| coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of Belgium
| type = non-commonwealth
| image = Koning Filip van België.jpg
| incumbent = [[Philippe of Belgium|Philippe]]
| incumbentsince = 21 July 2013
| his/her = His
| heir_apparent = [[Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant]]
| first_monarch = [[Leopold I of Belgium|Leopold I]]
| date = 21 July 1831
| website = [http://www.monarchie.be/en/ The Belgian Monarchy]
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{clear}}
== Microformat ==
{{UF-hcard-person}}

==TemplateData==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;residence&quot;: {},
		&quot;residences&quot;: {}
	},
	&quot;format&quot;: &quot;block&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== Tracking categories ==
{{Infobox tracking cats}}

== See also ==
{{Organization infoboxes}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Royalty and nobility infobox templates|Monarchy]] 
[[Category:Politics and government infobox templates|Monarchy]]
[[Category:Templates generating hCards]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>966ryr6kof1zco7p62i1akxomavk74r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kawan:Meusé Lawi</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>33494</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157686</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-20T13:38:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Si Gam</username>
        <id>4266</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '[[Kawan:Tarèh]]'</comment>
      <origin>157686</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16" sha1="mx0i7hq4xk77rlz4cczzza4nwjdkm7t" xml:space="preserve">[[Kawan:Tarèh]]</text>
      <sha1>mx0i7hq4xk77rlz4cczzza4nwjdkm7t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Alexander Agung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33495</id>
    <redirect title="Alexander Agông" />
    <revision>
      <id>157696</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T01:29:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Alexander Agung]] u [[Alexander Agông]]: 'Agung' ejaan indo/melayu. </comment>
      <origin>157696</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29" sha1="6ur07tamszxoq6o4a7x3pmi4dajgija" xml:space="preserve">#PUPINAH [[Alexander Agông]]</text>
      <sha1>6ur07tamszxoq6o4a7x3pmi4dajgija</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Marit:Alexander Agung</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>33496</id>
    <redirect title="Marit:Alexander Agông" />
    <revision>
      <id>157698</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T01:29:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Marit:Alexander Agung]] u [[Marit:Alexander Agông]]: 'Agung' ejaan indo/melayu. </comment>
      <origin>157698</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35" sha1="f913gvxsnccpw41ytfvhxr9tkkaply6" xml:space="preserve">#PUPINAH [[Marit:Alexander Agông]]</text>
      <sha1>f913gvxsnccpw41ytfvhxr9tkkaply6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Keuseutani Rayek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33497</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157704</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T02:39:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349204619|Constantine the Great]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>157704</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6473" sha1="ddxakrpn73xm7ppwbmqeemqjbp1st2n" xml:space="preserve">
'''Keuseutani I''' {{Efn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɒ|n|s|t|ən|t|aɪ|n|,_|-|t|iː|n}} {{respell|KON|stən|tyne|,_|-|teen}}; {{langx|la|Flāvius Valerius Cōnstantīnus}}, {{IPA|la-x-classic|kõːstanˈtiːnʊs|lang|link=yes}}; {{Langx|grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος|Kōnstantînos}}}} (27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Agông''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë Istanbul) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.</text>
      <sha1>ddxakrpn73xm7ppwbmqeemqjbp1st2n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157705</id>
      <parentid>157704</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T02:39:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157705</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6484" sha1="n9o33xjb24rwitz3atffw1fbc31ajb2" xml:space="preserve">
'''Keuseutani I''' {{Efn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɒ|n|s|t|ən|t|aɪ|n|,_|-|t|iː|n}} {{respell|KON|stən|tyne|,_|-|teen}}; {{langx|la|Flāvius Valerius Cōnstantīnus}}, {{IPA|la-x-classic|kõːstanˈtiːnʊs|lang|link=yes}}; {{Langx|grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος|Kōnstantînos}}}} (27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Agông''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë Istanbul) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.

== Nè ==</text>
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      <text bytes="8710" sha1="n3laks3qo3d1egvi8860k2lcf1jto3d" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Constantine I
| image        = Statua di Costantino ai musei capitolini.jpg
| alt          = Head statue of Constantine the Great
| caption      = Head of the [[Colossus of Constantine]], [[Capitoline&amp;nbsp;Museums]]
| succession   = [[Roman emperor]]
| reign        = 25 July 306 – 22 May 337 {{awrap|(alone from 19 September 324)}}
| predecessor  = [[Constantius I]] (in the West)
| successor    = {{ubl|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constans I]]}}
| regent       = {{Collapsible list|title=See list|
|[[Galerius]] (306–311){{efn|name=east|Emperor of the East}}
|[[Severus II]] (306–307){{efn|Emperor of the West}}
|[[Maxentius]] (306–312){{efn|name=unrec|In the West; unrecognised outside Italy}}
|[[Maximian]] (306–308, 310){{efn|name=unrec}}
|[[Licinius]] (308–324){{efn|Originally emperor of the West; became emperor of the East after 313.}}
|[[Maximinus II]] (310–313){{efn|name=east}}
|[[Valerius Valens|Valens]] (316–317){{efn|name=neow|In the East; nominal emperor of the West.}}
|[[Martinian (emperor)|Martinian]] (324){{efn|name=neow}}}}
| reg-type     = Co-rulers
| birth_name   = Flavius Constantinus
| birth_date   = 27 February 272
| birth_place  = [[Naissus]], [[Moesia Superior]], [[Roman Empire]]
| death_date   = 22 May 337 (aged 65)
| death_place  = Achyron, [[Nicomedia]], [[Bithynia]], Roman Empire
| burial_place = [[Church of the Holy Apostles]], Constantinople (remains now lost)
| spouses      = {{ubl|[[Minervina]]{{efn|Minervina may have been his [[concubine]].}}
|[[Flavia Maxima Fausta|Fausta]]}}
| issue        = {{ubl|[[Crispus]]|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constantina]]|[[Constans I]]|[[Helena (wife of Julian)|Helena]]}}
| issue-link   = #Illness and death
| full name    = Flavius Valerius Constantinus
| regnal name  = Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus
| dynasty      = [[Constantinian dynasty|Constantinian]]
| father       = [[Constantius Chlorus]]
| mother       = [[Helena, mother of Constantine I|Helena]]
| religion     = {{ubl|[[Ancient Roman religion]] (until 312)|[[Constantine the Great and Christianity|Christianity]] (from 312)}}
}}
'''Keuseutani I''' {{Efn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɒ|n|s|t|ən|t|aɪ|n|,_|-|t|iː|n}} {{respell|KON|stən|tyne|,_|-|teen}}; {{langx|la|Flāvius Valerius Cōnstantīnus}}, {{IPA|la-x-classic|kõːstanˈtiːnʊs|lang|link=yes}}; {{Langx|grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος|Kōnstantînos}}}} (27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Agông''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë Istanbul) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.

== Nè ==</text>
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| name         = Keuseutani I
| image        = Statua di Costantino ai musei capitolini.jpg
| alt          = Head statue of Constantine the Great
| caption      = Patông Ulèë [[Colossus of Constantine]], [[Capitoline&amp;nbsp;Museums]]
| succession   = [[Raja Roma]]
| reign        = 25 July 306 – 22 May 337 {{awrap|(alone from 19 September 324)}}
| predecessor  = [[Constantius I]] (in the West)
| successor    = {{ubl|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constans I]]}}
| regent       = {{Collapsible list|title=See list|
|[[Galerius]] (306–311){{efn|name=east|Emperor of the East}}
|[[Severus II]] (306–307){{efn|Emperor of the West}}
|[[Maxentius]] (306–312){{efn|name=unrec|In the West; unrecognised outside Italy}}
|[[Maximian]] (306–308, 310){{efn|name=unrec}}
|[[Licinius]] (308–324){{efn|Originally emperor of the West; became emperor of the East after 313.}}
|[[Maximinus II]] (310–313){{efn|name=east}}
|[[Valerius Valens|Valens]] (316–317){{efn|name=neow|In the East; nominal emperor of the West.}}
|[[Martinian (emperor)|Martinian]] (324){{efn|name=neow}}}}
| reg-type     = Rakan kuwasa
| birth_name   = Flavius Constantinus
| birth_date   = 27 February 272
| birth_place  = [[Naissus]], [[Moesia Superior]], [[Keurajeuen Romawi]]
| death_date   = 22 May 337 (aged 65)
| death_place  = Achyron, [[Nicomedia]], [[Bithynia]], Keurajeuen Romawi
| burial_place = [[Geurija Rasul Suci]], Keuseutatinopèl (Jinoë ka gadöh)
| spouses      = {{ubl|[[Minervina]]{{efn|Minervina may have been his [[concubine]].}}
|[[Flavia Maxima Fausta|Fausta]]}}
| issue        = {{ubl|[[Crispus]]|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constantina]]|[[Constans I]]|[[Helena (wife of Julian)|Helena]]}}
| issue-link   = #Illness and death
| full name    = Flavius Valerius Constantinus
| regnal name  = Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus
| dynasty      = [[Constantinian dynasty|Constantinian]]
| father       = [[Constantius Chlorus]]
| mother       = [[Helena, mother of Constantine I|Helena]]
| religion     = {{ubl|[[Ancient Roman religion]] (until 312)|[[Constantine the Great and Christianity|Christianity]] (from 312)}}
}}
'''Keuseutani I''' ({{lang-la|Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus}};&lt;ref&gt;Lam [[bahsa Latin Klasik]], gelar raseumi keurajeuën Konstantinus nakeuh IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS, ''Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantine Augustus, nyang saleh, nyang sejahtera, nyang hana teukalahkan''. Lheueh thôn 312, gobnyan geutamah MAXIMVS (&quot;nyang paléng rayek&quot;), dan lheueh thôn 325 geugantoë ''invictus'' (&quot;nyang hana teukalahkan&quot;) ngon VICTOR, saweueb ''invictus'' geupeuingat le ureuëng bak [[Sol Invictus]], Dewa Mata Uroe. &lt;/ref&gt; {{lang-grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας, Konstantinos ho Megas}}; 27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Agông''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë [[Éseutamu]]) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.

== Nè ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>157748</id>
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        <id>33174</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Keuseutani Agông]] u [[Keuseutani Rayek]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="9097" sha1="97pd6wagb2k5k712bqomj3c8w4cwwvv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Keuseutani I
| image        = Statua di Costantino ai musei capitolini.jpg
| alt          = Head statue of Constantine the Great
| caption      = Patông Ulèë [[Colossus of Constantine]], [[Capitoline&amp;nbsp;Museums]]
| succession   = [[Raja Roma]]
| reign        = 25 July 306 – 22 May 337 {{awrap|(alone from 19 September 324)}}
| predecessor  = [[Constantius I]] (in the West)
| successor    = {{ubl|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constans I]]}}
| regent       = {{Collapsible list|title=See list|
|[[Galerius]] (306–311){{efn|name=east|Emperor of the East}}
|[[Severus II]] (306–307){{efn|Emperor of the West}}
|[[Maxentius]] (306–312){{efn|name=unrec|In the West; unrecognised outside Italy}}
|[[Maximian]] (306–308, 310){{efn|name=unrec}}
|[[Licinius]] (308–324){{efn|Originally emperor of the West; became emperor of the East after 313.}}
|[[Maximinus II]] (310–313){{efn|name=east}}
|[[Valerius Valens|Valens]] (316–317){{efn|name=neow|In the East; nominal emperor of the West.}}
|[[Martinian (emperor)|Martinian]] (324){{efn|name=neow}}}}
| reg-type     = Rakan kuwasa
| birth_name   = Flavius Constantinus
| birth_date   = 27 February 272
| birth_place  = [[Naissus]], [[Moesia Superior]], [[Keurajeuen Romawi]]
| death_date   = 22 May 337 (aged 65)
| death_place  = Achyron, [[Nicomedia]], [[Bithynia]], Keurajeuen Romawi
| burial_place = [[Geurija Rasul Suci]], Keuseutatinopèl (Jinoë ka gadöh)
| spouses      = {{ubl|[[Minervina]]{{efn|Minervina may have been his [[concubine]].}}
|[[Flavia Maxima Fausta|Fausta]]}}
| issue        = {{ubl|[[Crispus]]|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constantina]]|[[Constans I]]|[[Helena (wife of Julian)|Helena]]}}
| issue-link   = #Illness and death
| full name    = Flavius Valerius Constantinus
| regnal name  = Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus
| dynasty      = [[Constantinian dynasty|Constantinian]]
| father       = [[Constantius Chlorus]]
| mother       = [[Helena, mother of Constantine I|Helena]]
| religion     = {{ubl|[[Ancient Roman religion]] (until 312)|[[Constantine the Great and Christianity|Christianity]] (from 312)}}
}}
'''Keuseutani I''' ({{lang-la|Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus}};&lt;ref&gt;Lam [[bahsa Latin Klasik]], gelar raseumi keurajeuën Konstantinus nakeuh IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS, ''Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantine Augustus, nyang saleh, nyang sejahtera, nyang hana teukalahkan''. Lheueh thôn 312, gobnyan geutamah MAXIMVS (&quot;nyang paléng rayek&quot;), dan lheueh thôn 325 geugantoë ''invictus'' (&quot;nyang hana teukalahkan&quot;) ngon VICTOR, saweueb ''invictus'' geupeuingat le ureuëng bak [[Sol Invictus]], Dewa Mata Uroe. &lt;/ref&gt; {{lang-grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας, Konstantinos ho Megas}}; 27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Agông''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë [[Éseutamu]]) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.

== Nè ==</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="9096" sha1="ovlan8wdawplid9v88fkuwz81rxtwe5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Keuseutani I
| image        = Statua di Costantino ai musei capitolini.jpg
| alt          = Head statue of Constantine the Great
| caption      = Patông Ulèë [[Colossus of Constantine]], [[Capitoline&amp;nbsp;Museums]]
| succession   = [[Raja Roma]]
| reign        = 25 July 306 – 22 May 337 {{awrap|(alone from 19 September 324)}}
| predecessor  = [[Constantius I]] (in the West)
| successor    = {{ubl|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constans I]]}}
| regent       = {{Collapsible list|title=See list|
|[[Galerius]] (306–311){{efn|name=east|Emperor of the East}}
|[[Severus II]] (306–307){{efn|Emperor of the West}}
|[[Maxentius]] (306–312){{efn|name=unrec|In the West; unrecognised outside Italy}}
|[[Maximian]] (306–308, 310){{efn|name=unrec}}
|[[Licinius]] (308–324){{efn|Originally emperor of the West; became emperor of the East after 313.}}
|[[Maximinus II]] (310–313){{efn|name=east}}
|[[Valerius Valens|Valens]] (316–317){{efn|name=neow|In the East; nominal emperor of the West.}}
|[[Martinian (emperor)|Martinian]] (324){{efn|name=neow}}}}
| reg-type     = Rakan kuwasa
| birth_name   = Flavius Constantinus
| birth_date   = 27 February 272
| birth_place  = [[Naissus]], [[Moesia Superior]], [[Keurajeuen Romawi]]
| death_date   = 22 May 337 (aged 65)
| death_place  = Achyron, [[Nicomedia]], [[Bithynia]], Keurajeuen Romawi
| burial_place = [[Geurija Rasul Suci]], Keuseutatinopèl (Jinoë ka gadöh)
| spouses      = {{ubl|[[Minervina]]{{efn|Minervina may have been his [[concubine]].}}
|[[Flavia Maxima Fausta|Fausta]]}}
| issue        = {{ubl|[[Crispus]]|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constantina]]|[[Constans I]]|[[Helena (wife of Julian)|Helena]]}}
| issue-link   = #Illness and death
| full name    = Flavius Valerius Constantinus
| regnal name  = Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus
| dynasty      = [[Constantinian dynasty|Constantinian]]
| father       = [[Constantius Chlorus]]
| mother       = [[Helena, mother of Constantine I|Helena]]
| religion     = {{ubl|[[Ancient Roman religion]] (until 312)|[[Constantine the Great and Christianity|Christianity]] (from 312)}}
}}
'''Keuseutani I''' ({{lang-la|Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus}};&lt;ref&gt;Lam [[bahsa Latin Klasik]], gelar raseumi keurajeuën Konstantinus nakeuh IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS, ''Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantine Augustus, nyang saleh, nyang sejahtera, nyang hana teukalahkan''. Lheueh thôn 312, gobnyan geutamah MAXIMVS (&quot;nyang paléng rayek&quot;), dan lheueh thôn 325 geugantoë ''invictus'' (&quot;nyang hana teukalahkan&quot;) ngon VICTOR, saweueb ''invictus'' geupeuingat le ureuëng bak [[Sol Invictus]], Dewa Mata Uroe. &lt;/ref&gt; {{lang-grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας, Konstantinos ho Megas}}; 27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Rayek''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë [[Éseutamu]]) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.

== Nè ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>157782</id>
      <parentid>157750</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:47:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
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      <origin>157782</origin>
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      <text bytes="9096" sha1="07a5ebckkrif0reopxk8hi1t8bvp2nd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Keuseutani I
| image        = Statua di Costantino ai musei capitolini.jpg
| alt          = Head statue of Constantine the Great
| caption      = Patông Ulèë [[Colossus of Constantine]], [[Capitoline&amp;nbsp;Museums]]
| succession   = [[Raja Roma]]
| reign        = 25 July 306 – 22 May 337 {{awrap|(alone from 19 September 324)}}
| predecessor  = [[Constantius I]] (in the West)
| successor    = {{ubl|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constans I]]}}
| regent       = {{Collapsible list|title=See list|
|[[Galerius]] (306–311){{efn|name=east|Emperor of the East}}
|[[Severus II]] (306–307){{efn|Emperor of the West}}
|[[Maxentius]] (306–312){{efn|name=unrec|In the West; unrecognised outside Italy}}
|[[Maximian]] (306–308, 310){{efn|name=unrec}}
|[[Licinius]] (308–324){{efn|Originally emperor of the West; became emperor of the East after 313.}}
|[[Maximinus II]] (310–313){{efn|name=east}}
|[[Valerius Valens|Valens]] (316–317){{efn|name=neow|In the East; nominal emperor of the West.}}
|[[Martinian (emperor)|Martinian]] (324){{efn|name=neow}}}}
| reg-type     = Rakan kuwasa
| birth_name   = Flavius Constantinus
| birth_date   = 27 February 272
| birth_place  = [[Naissus]], [[Moesia Superior]], [[Keurajeuen Romawi]]
| death_date   = 22 May 337 (aged 65)
| death_place  = Achyron, [[Nicomedia]], [[Bithynia]], Keurajeuen Romawi
| burial_place = [[Geurija Rasui Suci]], Keuseutatinopèl (Jinoë ka gadöh)
| spouses      = {{ubl|[[Minervina]]{{efn|Minervina may have been his [[concubine]].}}
|[[Flavia Maxima Fausta|Fausta]]}}
| issue        = {{ubl|[[Crispus]]|[[Constantine II (emperor)|Constantine II]]|[[Constantius II]]|[[Constantina]]|[[Constans I]]|[[Helena (wife of Julian)|Helena]]}}
| issue-link   = #Illness and death
| full name    = Flavius Valerius Constantinus
| regnal name  = Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Constantinus Augustus
| dynasty      = [[Constantinian dynasty|Constantinian]]
| father       = [[Constantius Chlorus]]
| mother       = [[Helena, mother of Constantine I|Helena]]
| religion     = {{ubl|[[Ancient Roman religion]] (until 312)|[[Constantine the Great and Christianity|Christianity]] (from 312)}}
}}
'''Keuseutani I''' ({{lang-la|Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus}};&lt;ref&gt;Lam [[bahsa Latin Klasik]], gelar raseumi keurajeuën Konstantinus nakeuh IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS, ''Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantine Augustus, nyang saleh, nyang sejahtera, nyang hana teukalahkan''. Lheueh thôn 312, gobnyan geutamah MAXIMVS (&quot;nyang paléng rayek&quot;), dan lheueh thôn 325 geugantoë ''invictus'' (&quot;nyang hana teukalahkan&quot;) ngon VICTOR, saweueb ''invictus'' geupeuingat le ureuëng bak [[Sol Invictus]], Dewa Mata Uroe. &lt;/ref&gt; {{lang-grc-x-koine|Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας, Konstantinos ho Megas}}; 27 uroë buleuën Peuët thôn 272  22 Limöng 337), geuturi cit ngon nan '''Keuseutani Rayek''', nakeuh kaisar Romawi nibak 337 M.&amp;nbsp;306 sampoë 337 ngon kaisar Romawi phôn nyang meuagama [[Kristen]] . {{Efn|With the possible exception of [[Philip the Arab]] ({{reign|244|249}}). See [[Philip the Arab and Christianity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Shahîd |first=Irfan |url= |title=Rome and the Arabs |date=1984 |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks]] |pages=65–93 |chapter=The First Christian Roman Emperor: Philip or Constantine? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/rome-and-the-arabs_202102/page/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Pohlsander |first=Hans A. |date=1980 |title=Philip the Arab and Christianity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4435734 |journal=Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=463–473 |jstor=4435734 |issn=0018-2311}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} Gobnyan geumeu'èn peran nyang that peunténg lam geupeu'ék martabat agama Kristen di Roma, deungon geupeuteubiët Edik Milan nyang geupeubibeuëh amalan agama Kristen dari hukôman ngon geupeuphôn peu'ét pengejaran ateuëh ureuëng Kristen. Hai nyoë jeuët keu saboh punca lam proses Kristenisasi Keurajeuën Roma. Gobnyan geupeudong banda Konstantinopel (jinoë [[Éseutamu]]) ngon geupeujeuët jih keu nanggroë keurajeuën, nyang teutap jeuët keu nanggroë keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn..

Lahe di Naissus, saboh banda nyang na di propinsi Moesia Superior (jinoe Niš, Serbia), Konstantinus nakeuh aneuk agam Flavius Constantius, sidroe perwira teuntra Romawi dari Moesia Superior, nyang dudoe jeuet keu sidroe dari peuet droe keusaresa Tetrarki. Ma gobnyan, Helena, nakeuh sidroe ureueng inong Yunani dari keuluarga biasa, mungkén dari Bithynia. Óh lheueh nyan geupeusah keu santa, gobnyan geupeusabab keu meu-iman aneuk agam gobnyan meunurôt ladôm tradisi, bah pih nyang la'én jipatéh Konstantinus nyang peu-iman gobnyan. Gobnyan meutugaih deungon cemerlang di yup keurajeuën Kaisar Diocletian ngon Galerius. Gobnyan geupeuphôn karir deungon geupeulancarkan prang di propinsi blah timu geulawan ureuëng Parsi, sigohlom geutawök u barat bak thôn 305 Masehi keu geumeuprang deungon ayah gobnyan di propinsi Britannia. Lheueh ayah gobnyan meuninggai donya bak thon 306, Konstantin geupeunyata seubagoe augustus (kaisar) le teuntra gobnyan di Eboracum (York, Inggréh). Bak akhe jih, gobnyan meunang lam prang sipil Tetrarki geulawan kaisar Maxentius ngon Licinius sampoe jeuet keu sidroe-droe penguasa Keurajeuen Romawi bak thon 324.

Bak watèe gobnyan geumat kuwasa, Konstantinus geupeulaku le that reformasi keu geupeukong keurajeuën. Gobnyan geususôn keulayi peumeurèntahan, geupeupisah kuwasa sipil ngön militè. Keu geulawan inflasi, gobnyan geupeuteubiët solidus, saboh pèng meuh barô nyang jeuët keu standar keu mata pèng Bizantium ngön Éropa leubèh dari siribèe thôn. Gobnyan geupeuhah Praetorian Guard, nyang ka jidukông Maxentius. Tentara Romawi geuatô ulang jeuët keu unit-unit mobile (comitatenses), nyang kayém na di seulingka kaisar, keu geujak prang lawan musôh luwa atawa pemberontak Romawi, ngon pasôkan jaga bataih (limitanei) nyang sanggôp lawan seurangan ureuëng barbar, tapi makin kureuëng sanggôp geulawan invasi ureuëng barbar nyang raya. Konstantinus geulanjôt prang geulawan sukèe-sukèe di bataih Romawi—lagèe Franka, Alemanni, Goth, ngon Sarmatia—dan geupeuduek keulayi wilayah nyang ka geutinggai lé raja-raja sigohlom gobnyan bak masa Krisis Abad Keulhèe deungon ureueng-ureueng masyarakat Romawi.

Bah pih Konstantinus leubeh le umu geuh udép seubagoe ureueng pagan, gopnyan dudoe jeuet keu sidroe katekumen, watee gopnyan ka geupeuphôn galak keu agama Kristen bak thôn 312, dan bak akhéjih geupeumanö lé Eusebius dari Nikomedia, sidroe uskup Arian. Gopnyan na peran nyang that peunténg lam peumakluman Edik Milan bak thôn 313, nyang geupeusah agama Kristen di Keurajeuen Romawi. Gobnyan geupeuna Konsili Nicaea Nyang Phon bak thon 325, nyang jipeuhase pernyataan iman Kristen nyang jituri seubagoe Kredo Nicaea. Ateuh peurintah gobnyan, Geurija Makam Suci geupeudong di teumpat nyang jipeugah seubagoe jirat Isa di Yerusalem dan jipeuanggab seubagoe teumpat nyang paleng suci lam donya Kristen. Lam seujarah, gobnyan geuturi seubagoe &quot;Kaisar Kristen Nyang Phon&quot;, tapi bah pih gobnyan leubeh geudukung Geurija Kristen, na padum-padum droe ahli moderen nyang meudebat bhah keuyakinan gobnyan dan bahkan pemahaman gobnyan keu agama Kristen. Gobnyan geupeumulia seubagoe sidroe santo lam Kristen Timu dan ladôm bagian Kristen Barat, dan gobnyan ka geupeubuet le that usaha keu geupeumaju agama Kristen mangat jeuet keu arus utama lam budaya Romawi.

Masa Konstantinus nakeuh saboh era nyang meubida lam seujarah Keurajeuën Romawi ngon saboh saat nyang that peunténg lam proses meukeumang dari jameun kuno klasik u Abad Teungoh. Gobnyan geupeudong saboh rumoh keurajeuën nyang barô di banda Bizantium, nyang secara resmi geuubah nan jeuët keu Roma Barô, sementaranyan geupeunan cit Constantinople keu geupeumulia nan gobnyan. Nanggroë nyan lheueh nyan jeuet keu ibukota keurajeuën nyan leubèh dari siribèe thôn—ngön Keurajeuën Romawi Timu nyang keubanyakan masa nyan biasa jih geukheun Keurajeuën Bizantium lam basa Inggréh. Bak watèe geupeutinggai keurajeuën nyan keu aneuk-aneuk agam gobnyan ngön anggèeta dinasti Konstantinian la'én, warisan politék langsông Konstantinus nakeuh geugantoë Tetrarki Diocletianus ngön prinsip suksesi dinasti. Ingatan keu gobnyan that geuhoreumat bak masa aneuk-aneuk gobnyan mantong udép dan meureutôh thôn lheueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan. Geurèja abad teungoh geupeugah gobnyan seubagoe suri teladan nyang paléng mulia, seumeuntara peumeurèntah sekuler geungui gobnyan seubagoe lambang keabsahan keurajeuen. Teumèe keulayi sumber-sumber nyang meulawan Konstantinus bak awai jameun Renaissance ka jipeuteubiët peuniléyan nyang leubèh kritis ateueh masa peumeurèntahan gobnyan, deungon studi modèrèn dan kontemporer kayém geu-useuha keu geupeuseuimbang peuniléyan-peuniléyan nyang meuleubèh-leubèh dari calitra-calitra awai.

== Nè ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Ubl</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33498</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157707</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T02:43:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#invoke:list|unbulleted}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
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      <text bytes="181" sha1="g28jpumica8ycuimxbfi2qlrcbowsb3" xml:space="preserve">{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#invoke:list|unbulleted}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Ubl/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33499</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157708</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T02:45:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --&gt; {{High-use| 635585 }} {{Template shortcuts|ubl|ubt|ublist|unbullet}} {{stack|{{Lua|Module:List}}|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Plainlist/styles.css}}}} This template creates [[WP:UBLIST|unbulleted lists]]. Each item in the list may have [[CSS]] styles added to it individually, by appending a numbere...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="7818" sha1="jedpbxq7tbvuyrnm5jnwojz7vje41sn" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]). --&gt;
{{High-use| 635585 }}
{{Template shortcuts|ubl|ubt|ublist|unbullet}}
{{stack|{{Lua|Module:List}}|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Plainlist/styles.css}}}}
This template creates [[WP:UBLIST|unbulleted lists]]. Each item in the list may have [[CSS]] styles added to it individually, by appending a numbered parameter.

== Usage ==

'''Basic usage'''
{{pre|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;unbulleted list&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''first item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''second item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''third item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;...&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

'''All parameters'''
{{pre|
&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;unbulleted list
&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''first item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''second item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''third item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;...
&lt;nowiki&gt;|class     = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''class''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|style     = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|list_style  = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for ul tag''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|item_style  = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for all li tags''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|item1_style = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for first li tag''&lt;nowiki&gt; |item2_style = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for second li tag''&lt;nowiki&gt; |&lt;/nowiki&gt;...
&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
}}

=== Parameters ===

* Positional parameters (&lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;3&lt;/code&gt;...) – these are the list items. If no list items are present, the module will output nothing.
* &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; – a custom class for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list, e.g. &lt;code&gt;plainlinks&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;style&lt;/code&gt; – a custom CSS style for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list, e.g. &lt;code&gt;font-size: 90%;&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;list_style&lt;/code&gt; – a custom CSS style for the {{tag|ul}} tags around the list. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;item_style&lt;/code&gt; – a custom CSS style for all of the list items (the {{tag|li}} tags). The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;item1_style&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;item2_style&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;item3_style&lt;/code&gt;... – custom CSS styles for each of the list items. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter.

'''Note:''' for the {{code|style}}, {{code|list_style}}, and {{code|item_style}} parameters, {{em|do not use single quotes}} around the values. For instance, to apply center-alignment, use {{para|style|text-align: center;}}, not {{para|style|&quot;text-align: center;&quot;}}. 

&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 1&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;First item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 2&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Second item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 3&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Third item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;4&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 4&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Fourth item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;5&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 5&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Fifth item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;6&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 6&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Sixth item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;7&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 7&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Seventh item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;8&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 8&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Eighth item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;9&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List item 9&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Ninth item in the list&quot;
		},
		&quot;class&quot;: {
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A custom class for the &lt;div&gt;...&lt;/div&gt; tags surrounding the list&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;plainlinks&quot;
		},
		&quot;style&quot;: {
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A custom CSS style for the &lt;div&gt;...&lt;/div&gt; tags surrounding the list&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;
		},
		&quot;list_style&quot;: {
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A custom CSS style for the &lt;ul&gt;...&lt;/ul&gt; tags around the list&quot;,
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;List style&quot;
		},
		&quot;item_style&quot;: {
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A custom CSS style for all of the list items (the &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt; tags)&quot;,
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item style&quot;
		},
		&quot;item1_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 1 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 1&quot;
		},
		&quot;item2_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 2 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 2&quot;
		},
		&quot;item3_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 3 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 3&quot;
		},
		&quot;item4_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 4 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 4&quot;
		},
		&quot;item5_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 5 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 5&quot;
		},
		&quot;item6_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 6 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 6&quot;
		},
		&quot;item7_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 7 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 7&quot;
		},
		&quot;item8_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 8 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 8&quot;
		},
		&quot;item9_style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Item 9 style&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Custom CSS style for list item 9&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;paramOrder&quot;: [
		&quot;class&quot;,
		&quot;style&quot;,
		&quot;list_style&quot;,
		&quot;item_style&quot;,
		&quot;1&quot;,
		&quot;2&quot;,
		&quot;3&quot;,
		&quot;4&quot;,
		&quot;5&quot;,
		&quot;6&quot;,
		&quot;7&quot;,
		&quot;8&quot;,
		&quot;9&quot;,
		&quot;item1_style&quot;,
		&quot;item2_style&quot;,
		&quot;item3_style&quot;,
		&quot;item4_style&quot;,
		&quot;item5_style&quot;,
		&quot;item6_style&quot;,
		&quot;item7_style&quot;,
		&quot;item8_style&quot;,
		&quot;item9_style&quot;
	],
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Creates a list of items separated by line breaks but not bullets (•)&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

=== Example ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! style=&quot;width: 80%;&quot; | Code !! Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Unbulleted list|entry1|entry2|entry3|entry4|entry5&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{wbr}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|entry6|entry7|entry8|entry9}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Unbulleted list|entry1|entry2|entry3|entry4|entry5|entry6|entry7|entry8|entry9}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Unbulleted list|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item_style=color:blue;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Unbulleted list|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item_style=color:blue;}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Unbulleted list|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow;|item2_style=background-color:silver;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Unbulleted list|Winner|Runner-up|Third place|item1_style=background-color:yellow;|item2_style=background-color:silver;}}
|}

=== Controlling line-breaking ===
Template {{tlx|nbsp}} may be used with {{tlx|wbr}} and {{tlx|nowrap}} to control line-breaking in bulletless lists, to prevent wrapped long entries from being confused with multiple entries. See [[Template:Wbr/doc#Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes]] for details.

Wrapping this entire template with {{tlx|nowrap}} causes syntax errors. Use {{para|class|nowrap}} instead.

==Technical details==
{{tl|Unbulleted list}} works by constructing a [[span and div|div]] with the [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] class &quot;plainlist&quot; which has the styles in [[Template:Plainlist/styles.css]].

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Wikitext
! HTML
|- style=&quot;vertical-align:top;&quot;
| class=&quot;nowrap | &lt;pre&gt;
{{Unbulleted list
| Example 1
| Example 2
| Example 3
}}
&lt;/pre&gt;
| class=&quot;nowrap | &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;html&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlist&quot;&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Example 1&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Example 2&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Example 3&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
|}

==Redirects==
*{{tlx|ubl}}
*{{tlx|ublist}}
*{{tlx|nblist}}
*{{tlx|nonbulleted list}}
*{{tlx|plainlist pipe}}

== See also ==
* {{tl|plainlist}} – essentially the same but uses &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;|* ... * ... * ...&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;| ... | ... | ...&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
* {{tl|unbulleted list citebundle}} — for unbulleted lists inside &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; HTML tags
* {{tl|flatlist}} and {{tl|hlist}} (replacements for comma- or dash-separated lists)
* {{tl|bulleted list}}
* {{tl|ordered list}}
* {{tl|unbulleted indent list}}

{{Navbox lists}}
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --&gt;
[[Category:List formatting and function templates]]
[[Category:Semantic markup templates]]

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jedpbxq7tbvuyrnm5jnwojz7vje41sn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Lang/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33500</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157711</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:33:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{Lua|Module:Lang}} {{Language templates}} {{notice|text=After a [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 September 27#Replace and delete lang-?? templates|discussion in 2024]], most of the {{tld|lang-??}} templates were replaced by {{tlx|langx}}}} The purpose of this template is to indicate that a piece of text belongs to a particular language other than that of the page as a whole (by default, Engl...'</comment>
      <origin>157711</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36094" sha1="j29p91ipqowfsf79zm4fz99adkiw8n5" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use}}
{{COinS safe|n}}
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Lua|Module:Lang}}
{{Language templates}}
{{notice|text=After a [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 September 27#Replace and delete lang-?? templates|discussion in 2024]], most of the {{tld|lang-??}} templates were replaced by {{tlx|langx}}}}
The purpose of this template is to indicate that a piece of text belongs to a particular language other than that of the page as a whole (by default, English, on this Wikipedia). It can be used inline, or around block-level elements such as &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;poem&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, paragraphs, lists, or divs.

The template italicises the text by default (this can be suppressed, and does not apply to certain scripts) and can prompt [[web browser]]s to use a more appropriate font or screen readers to use a particular kind of pronunciation and so on. See {{section link||Rationale}} for more information.

== Syntax and usage ==

{{in5}}{{tlx|lang|{{var|language tag}}|{{var|text}}}}

The {{var|language tag}} must be an [[ISO 639]] language code. See the [[list of ISO 639-1 codes]] for two-letter codes, and the [[list of ISO 639-3 codes]], which defines three-letter codes and aims to cover all known natural languages.

The template also supports properly formatted [[IETF language tag]]s using subtags that identify the language's script, region, and/or variant. The ISO 639 language code is a two- or three-letter abbreviation, in lowercase, of the language's name. French, for example, has the code &lt;code&gt;fr&lt;/code&gt;:

* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;She said: &quot;{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → She said: &quot;{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}&quot;

Because all languages represented by two-letter codes in [[ISO 639-1]] can also be represented by their three-letter equivalents in [[ISO 639-2]] and above, it is recommended to use the shortest language tag possible that sufficiently describes the target language.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/index.en &quot;Language tags in HTML and XML&quot;] at [[World Wide Web Consortium]]&lt;/ref&gt; So while French could be represented by ISO 639-2's &lt;code&gt;fra&lt;/code&gt; code, use the ISO 639-1 code &lt;code&gt;fr&lt;/code&gt; instead. Likewise, script, region, and variant information should be included only when they provide a necessary distinction. For an up-to-date list of available language, script, region, and variant codes, please refer to the [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]]'s [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language subtag registry].

By default, this template will place articles into the relevant subcategory of {{category link|Articles containing non-English-language text}}. To suppress this – e.g. when using {{tlf|lang}} within a [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|wikilink]] or the ''title'' parameter of a citation – add the parameter {{para|cat|no}}.

=== Formatting ===
==== Automatic italics ====
{{tld|lang}} automatically applies italic styling &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;when the text in {{param|2}} is written entirely in the &lt;code&gt;Latn&lt;/code&gt; script (the Latin alphabet and its extensions), either when that is the default encoding for the language or when it is triggered by a &lt;code&gt;{{var|xx}}-Latn&lt;/code&gt; language code{{colon}}&lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → {{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → ''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.}}'' – external markup is ignored
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{lang|he-Latn|la'az}} ({{lang|he|לעז}})&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → {{lang|he-Latn|la'az}} ({{lang|he|לעז}})
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;''{{lang|he-Latn|la'az}}''&lt;/nowiki&gt; ({{!mxt|&lt;nowiki&gt;''{{lang|he|לעז}}''&lt;/nowiki&gt;}})&lt;/code&gt; → ''{{lang|he-Latn|la'az}}'' ({{!mxt|''{{lang|he|לעז}}''}}) – external markup is ignored around the &lt;code&gt;he-Latn&lt;/code&gt; text, but will incorrectly italicize the Hebrew-character material.

When &lt;code&gt;Latn&lt;/code&gt; script should not be italicized, there are multiple approaches{{colon}}
{{para|italic|no}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;– renders {{param|2}} in upright font; italic markup around the template is ignored; italic markup inside the template causes an error message{{colon}}&lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → {{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=no}}
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=no}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → ''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=no}}''
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;''{{lang|fr|Je suis ''française''.|italic=no}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → ''{{lang|fr|Je suis ''française''.|italic=no|cat=no}}'' – italic markup in conflict with {{para|italic|no}}

{{para|italic|unset}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;– disables template-provided styling; {{param|2}} is styled according to external or internal wiki markup{{colon}}&lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → {{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=unset}}
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=unset}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → ''{{lang|fr|Je suis française.|italic=unset}}''
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{lang|fr|''Je suis'' English.|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → {{lang|fr|''Je suis'' English.|italic=unset}}

{{tlx|noitalic}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;can also be used{{colon}}&lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{lang|fr|Je suis {{noitalic|English}}.}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → {{lang|fr|Je suis {{noitalic|English}}.}}
{{hatnote|{{crossreference|See table &quot;[[#italic parameter|lang {{!}}italic{{=}} parameter operation]]&quot;.}}}}

==== Prefixed language template ====
There is a version of this template, {{tl|langx}}, which is intended to be used the first time a language appears in an article. These templates will print the language's name and, when appropriate, italicize their content:

* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;A '''kremlin''' ({{langx|ru|кремль}}, 'castle') is a major fortified central complex ...&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → A '''kremlin''' ({{langx|ru|кремль}}, 'castle') is a major fortified central complex ...

While the {{tnull|langx}} template outputs text in italics for languages with Latin-based scripts, if plain text is required, such as for proper names, {{para|italic|no}} or {{tlx|noitalic}} may be used:

* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|Vintimille}})&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|Vintimille}})
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|italic=no|Vintimille}})&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|italic=no|Vintimille}})
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|{{noitalic|Vintimille}}}})&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; → the border town of Ventimiglia ({{langx|fr|{{noitalic|Vintimille}}}})

When formatting foreign-language text to match style guidelines, it is best to exclude the styling markup from the template, so that any extraneous markup which is not from the foreign language does not receive incorrect metadata for that language. This includes: English-language quotation marks around titles of works in languages that use other quotation character glyphs; italicization of titles in languages which do not use that convention; and emphasis that is not found (in one style or another) in the original foreign text; among other cases. If in doubt, put such markup outside the template when possible.

{{See also|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting#Foreign terms}}

==== Proto-languages ====
* {{tlx|lang|cel-x-proto|kal-|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|lang|cel-x-proto|kal-|proto{{=}}no|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|langx|cel-x-proto|kal-|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|langx|cel-x-proto|kal-|proto{{=}}no|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|lang|en|accidently|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|lang|en|accidently|proto{{=}}yes|_show_result=yes}}

{{crossref|For the list of supported proto-languages, see {{slink||Private-use language tags}}}}

=== Right-to-left languages ===

To embed a string of right-to-left text (such as [[Arabic]] or [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]) within the usual left-to-right context, {{para|rtl|yes}} should be added to correctly communicate writing direction. To mark a whole paragraph of right-to-left text, {{tl|rtl-para}} should be used instead.

Any of these approaches will wrap the text in a container with the &lt;code&gt;dir=&quot;rtl&quot;&lt;/code&gt; attribute. In order to ensure correct rendering in browsers that do not fully support [[HTML5]] [[bidirectional text|bidirectional isolation]], a [[left-to-right mark]] is also added to the end of the text (see the [http://www.w3.org/International/articles/inline-bidi-markup W3C] for details).

Note that text direction does not need to be specified when using the {{tnull|lang-{{var|xx}}}} templates, as this is implied by the template's language.

=== Exception for scientific names ===
Per [[MOS:SCIENTIFIC]], {{tq|scientific names are never marked up with {{tl|lang}} or related templates}}.

== Parameters ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Lang supported parameters
! style=&quot;width: 15%;&quot; | Parameter
! Definition
! style=&quot;width: 10%;&quot; | Yields to
! style=&quot;width: 12%;&quot; | Alias
|-
| {{para|code}} || [[IETF language tag]] for the content in &lt;code&gt;text&lt;/code&gt; || – || {{para|1}}
|-
| {{para|text}}|| non-English text || – || {{para|2}}
|-
| {{para|rtl}} || &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt; indicates that the writing system used for the content in {{para|text}} is right-to-left; accepted values are: &lt;kbd&gt;no&lt;/kbd&gt; (default), &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt; || IETF script subtag in {{para|code}} (if provided) ||
|-
| {{para|italic}} || {{crossreference|see table &quot;lang {{pipe}}italic{{=}} parameter operation&quot;}}; accepted values are: &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;no&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;unset&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;invert&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;default&lt;/kbd&gt; || – || {{para|italics}}, {{para|i}}
|-
| {{para|size}}|| specifies font size of the content in &lt;code&gt;text&lt;/code&gt;; use a value suitable for use with the CSS &lt;code&gt;font-size&lt;/code&gt; property; this should almost always be a relative value supplied in &lt;kbd&gt;{{mxt|%}}&lt;/kbd&gt; or &lt;kbd&gt;{{mxt|em}}&lt;/kbd&gt; units, not a fixed &lt;kbd&gt;{{!mxt|px}}&lt;/kbd&gt; value. || – ||
|-
| {{para|proto}} || accepted values are: &lt;kbd&gt;no&lt;/kbd&gt; (default) or &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt; (default for private-use language tags with the &lt;kbd&gt;-x-proto&lt;/kbd&gt; subtags); when &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt; (default or explicit), prefixes rendered text with an asterisk indicating 'unattested' || – || 
|-
| {{para|cat}} || inhibits automatic categorization; mirror version of {{para|nocat}}; accepted values are: &lt;kbd&gt;no&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;n&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;false&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;f&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;off&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;0&lt;/kbd&gt; || – ||
|-
| {{para|nocat}} || inhibits automatic categorization; mirror version of {{para|cat}}; accepted values are: &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;y&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;true&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;t&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;on&lt;/kbd&gt;, &lt;kbd&gt;1&lt;/kbd&gt; || – ||
|-
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; id=&quot;italic parameter&quot;
|+ Lang {{pipe}}italic= parameter operation
|-
! {{pipe}}italic= value !! description !! example code !! result !! html markup
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* parameter not present;
* parameter present, not set;
* invalid value
}}
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies style from:
* &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;auto-italics or
* &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;script subtag &lt;code&gt;latn&lt;/code&gt;;
* else inherits from external markup;
* invalid values treated as default
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru|тундра}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru|тундра}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|тундра}}}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;{{deprecated code|red=yes|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|ru|tûndra}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/code&gt;
| {{lang|ru|tûndra}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|tûndra}}}}&lt;br /&gt;Incorrect markup; this requires {{para||ru-Latn}}.
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|fr|toundra}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|fr|toundra}}
| {{code|{{lang|fr|toundra}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra}}}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | &lt;kbd&gt;default&lt;/kbd&gt;
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=default}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru|тундра|italic=default}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=default}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=default}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|fr|toundra|italic=default}}
| {{code|{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=default}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=default}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=default}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=default}}}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | &lt;kbd&gt;no&lt;/kbd&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies upright style;
* overrides auto-italics
* overrides script subtag &lt;code&gt;latn&lt;/code&gt;;
* overrides external markup
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; || {{lang|ru|тундра|italic=no}} || {{code|{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=no}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; || {{lang|fr|toundra|italic=no}} || {{code|{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=no}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; || {{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=no}} || {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=no}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;''{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=no}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; || ''{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=no}}'' || {{code|''{{lang|fr|toundra|italic=no}}''}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | &lt;kbd&gt;yes&lt;/kbd&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies italic style;
* ignores auto-italics;
* ignores script subtag &lt;code&gt;latn&lt;/code&gt;
}}
| &lt;code&gt;{{deprecated code|red=yes|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/code&gt;
| {{lang|ru|тундра|italic=yes}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=yes}}}} Incorrect markup per [[MOS:BADITALICS]].
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=yes}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=yes}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=yes}}}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;| &lt;kbd&gt;unset&lt;/kbd&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies no style;
* inherits style from external markup;
* disables auto-italics
* overrides script subtag &lt;code&gt;latn&lt;/code&gt;;
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;{{deprecated code|red=yes|&lt;nowiki&gt;''{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}''&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/code&gt;
| ''{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}''
| {{code|''{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}''}} Incorrect markup per [[MOS:BADITALICS]].
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;''{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| ''{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}''
| {{code|''{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}''}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | &lt;kbd&gt;invert&lt;/kbd&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies no style;
* inverts style in internal markup;{{efn|name=invertunset}}
* disables auto-italics
* overrides script subtag &lt;code&gt;latn&lt;/code&gt;;
}}
| &lt;code&gt;{{deprecated code|red=yes|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=invert}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/code&gt;
| {{lang|ru|тундра|italic=invert}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|тундра|italic=invert}}}} Incorrect markup per [[MOS:BADITALICS]].
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru|''тундра''|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru|''тундра''|italic=invert}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru|''тундра''|italic=invert}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=invert}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|tûndra|italic=invert}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{lang|ru-Latn|''tûndra''|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{lang|ru-Latn|''tûndra''|italic=invert}}
| {{code|{{lang|ru-Latn|''tûndra''|italic=invert}}}}
|-
|}

===Notes===
{{Notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=invertunset|compare {{para|italic|invert}} to {{para|italic|unset}}:
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Lang|de|... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::{{Lang|de|... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.|italic=invert}}
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Lang|de|''... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.''|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::{{Lang|de|''... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.''|italic=unset}}
}}
}}

===The function selector parameter===
{{tlx|lang}} uses the Lua function &lt;code&gt;lang()&lt;/code&gt; [[Module:Lang]]. That module also supports all of the {{tnull|lang-??}} templates using the Lua functions &lt;code&gt;lang_xx_inherit()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;lang_xx_italic()&lt;/code&gt;. The module has other functions that may be useful. The function selector parameter {{para|fn}} tells module:lang which function to execute. The available functions are:
*&lt;code&gt;is_ietf_tag&lt;/code&gt; – returns &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; if the provided [[IETF language tag]] is valid; nil else
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag|nv}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; →{{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag|nv}}←
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag|xx}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; →{{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag|xx}}←
*&lt;code&gt;is_lang_name&lt;/code&gt; – returns &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; if the provided language name is valid; nil else
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=is_lang_name|navajo}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; →{{lang|fn=is_lang_name|navajo}}←
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=is_lang_name|xxxxx}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; →{{lang|fn=is_lang_name|xxxxx}}←
*&lt;code&gt;lang&lt;/code&gt; – the function that renders {{tlx|lang}}; listed here for completeness, this particular usage is more-or-less pointless
*&lt;code&gt;name_from_tag&lt;/code&gt; – returns the language name associated with the provided IETF language tag:
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=name_from_tag|apa}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → {{lang|fn=name_from_tag|apa}}
*&lt;code&gt;tag_from_name&lt;/code&gt; – returns the ISO 639 language code (sometimes IETF language tag) associated with the provided language name:
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=tag_from_name|havasupai}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → {{lang|fn=tag_from_name|havasupai}}
*&lt;code&gt;xlit&lt;/code&gt; – the function that renders {{tlx|transliteration}}; listed here for completeness, this particular usage is more-or-less pointless
**&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|fn=xlit|ar|DIN|al-Ḫawārizmī}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → {{lang|fn=xlit|ar|DIN|al-Ḫawārizmī}}

== Indicating writing script ==

If necessary, an [[List of ISO 15924 codes|ISO 15924]] script code can be appended to a language code to indicate the use of a specific script. For instance, [[Tajik language|Tajik]] (&lt;code&gt;tg&lt;/code&gt;) is a language which can be found written in [[Arabic script|Arabic]] (&lt;code&gt;Arab&lt;/code&gt;), [[Latin script|Latin]] (&lt;code&gt;Latn&lt;/code&gt;), and [[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]] (&lt;code&gt;Cyrl&lt;/code&gt;) scripts, making it necessary to always specify which script is in use. In such a case, taking care to preserve the script code's capitalization, we could end up with the following code (language tags in bold):

* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Tajik ({{lang|&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''tg-Arab'''&lt;nowiki&gt;|rtl=yes|تاجیکی}}, {{lang|&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''tg-Latn'''&lt;nowiki&gt;|toçikī}}, {{lang|&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''tg-Cyrl'''&lt;nowiki&gt;|тоҷикӣ}})&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
: Tajik ({{lang|tg-Arab|rtl=yes|تاجیکی}}, {{lang|tg-Latn|toçikī}}, {{lang|tg-Cyrl|тоҷикӣ}})

Many languages, however, are so commonly written in one particular script that specifying the script is unnecessary. Russian, for instance, is almost exclusively written in Cyrillic, so there is no need to specify &lt;code&gt;ru-Cyrl&lt;/code&gt;, just as &lt;code&gt;en-Latn&lt;/code&gt; would be unnecessary for English. The [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry subtag registry] contains up-to-date information on which languages have common script codes that should be &quot;suppressed&quot;.

=== Transliteration ===

To mark a language which has been [[transliteration|transliterated]] from one script into another, append the new script's code to the code of the original language. So if transliterating from Russian Cyrillic to a Latin script, the language tag on the transliteration would be &lt;code&gt;ru-Latn&lt;/code&gt;. If the transliteration scheme is known, and listed as a &quot;variant&quot; in the [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry subtag registry], it can be appended after any script and region codes. For example, Chinese transliterated into a Latin script using the [[pinyin]] system would be &lt;code&gt;zh-Latn-pinyin&lt;/code&gt;. As a convenience for transliterating to Latin scripts, and to work around browser styling issues with some language and script combinations, {{tl|transliteration}} may be used in place of {{tlf|lang}}:

* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Moscow ({{lang|ru|Москва}}, {{transliteration|ru|Moskva}})&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → Moscow ({{lang|ru|Москва}}, {{transliteration|ru|Moskva}})

To specify a transliteration scheme, such as the [[ISO 9|ISO transliteration standard for Cyrillic]], use {{tlc|transliteration|ru|ISO|Moskva}}.

=== Glyphs not connected to a particular language ===

The {{tlf|lang}} template is not used to specify a single symbol or character in a script, unrelated to any specific language. Many times the character or symbol is used in several languages, but when the article refers to the [[grapheme]] itself, the template {{tl|script}} should be used:

* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;The Chinese character {{script|Hani|字}} has 6 strokes.&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
: The Chinese character {{script|Hani|字}} has 6 strokes.

[[Chinese characters]] ({{aka}} ''Han characters'') have been used to write Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, and [[Chinese family of scripts|numerous other languages]]. In this case the character does not represent a use specific to any language in particular. Note that the script code used is &lt;code&gt;Hani&lt;/code&gt;, which specifies Chinese characters generally, as opposed to &lt;code&gt;Hant&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Hans&lt;/code&gt; for traditional and simplified characters respectively.

== Languages with no code ==
The code &lt;code&gt;mis&lt;/code&gt;, for “miscellaneous&quot;,  is used to indicate that the language does not appear in ISO-639.

== Indicating regional variant ==

When it is necessary to indicate region-specific language, an [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2]] country code, or [[UN M49]] region code, should be added to the language tag, taking care to preserve capitalization. For example, Portuguese (&lt;code&gt;pt&lt;/code&gt;) as used in Brazil (&lt;code&gt;BR&lt;/code&gt;) could be represented as &lt;code&gt;pt-BR&lt;/code&gt;, and Spanish as used in Latin America as &lt;code&gt;es-419&lt;/code&gt;.

Additionally, language, script, and region codes can all appear in the same tag. For instance, the code &lt;code&gt;zh-Hant-TW&lt;/code&gt; should be used for Chinese text written with [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional Han characters]], containing words or expressions specific to [[Taiwan]]:

* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Taiwan ({{lang|zh-Hant-TW|臺灣}}, {{transliteration|zh|Táiwān}})&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
: Taiwan ({{lang|zh-Hant-TW|臺灣}}, {{transliteration|zh|Táiwān}})

== Private-use language tags ==
This template supports various private-use [[IETF language tag]]s. Private-use tags contain the &lt;code&gt;-x-&lt;/code&gt; singleton and are used by the template to identify languages that are different, for one reason or another, from the base language identified by the ISO 639 language tag.
{{#invoke:Lang/documentor tool|private_tags}}

== Links ==

{{tld|lang}} emits a language-specific category link when used in article space (one of the categories in {{cl|Articles containing non-English-language text}}).  Category wikilinks within wikilinks are not accepted by MediaWiki.

This example is a simulation because {{tld|lang}} does not categorize in the Template namespace:
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;[[Book of hours|{{lang|de|Stundenbuch}}]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;[[Book of hours|&lt;span title=&quot;German-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;i lang=&quot;de&quot;&gt;Stundenbuch&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Articles containing German-language text]]]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
:::&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Book of hours|&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;German-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;i lang=&quot;de&quot;&gt;Stundenbuch&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]
To create a working link, set {{para|nocat|yes}}:
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;[[Book of hours|{{lang|de|Stundenbuch|nocat=yes}}]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;[[Book of hours|&lt;span title=&quot;German-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;i lang=&quot;de&quot;&gt;Stundenbuch&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
:::[[Book of hours|&lt;span title=&quot;German-language text&quot;&gt;&lt;i lang=&quot;de&quot;&gt;Stundenbuch&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]
When using {{tld|lang}} with {{tlx|Interlanguage link}}, use that template's link-text parameter {{para|lt}}:
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{ill|Ehōmaki|ja|恵方巻|lt={{lang|ja-Latn|ehōmaki|nocat=yes}}}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::{{code|lang=html|{{ill|Ehōmaki|ja|恵方巻|lt={{lang|ja-Latn|ehōmaki|nocat=yes}}}}}}
:::{{ill|Ehōmaki|ja|恵方巻|lt={{lang|ja-Latn|ehōmaki|nocat=yes}}}}
When using {{tld|lang}} with non-English wiktionary links:
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;[[wikt:Κλεοπάτρα#Ancient Greek|{{lang|grc|Κλεοπάτρα|nocat=yes}}]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::{{code|lang=html|[[wikt:Κλεοπάτρα#Ancient Greek|{{lang|grc|Κλεοπάτρα|nocat=yes}}]]}}
:::[[wikt:Κλεοπάτρα#Ancient Greek|{{lang|grc|Κλεοπάτρα|nocat=yes}}]]
In general, when using {{tld|lang}} with wikilinks, markup the wikilink's display (piped) text, not the entire wikilink.

== Rationale ==

{{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting|Foreign terms}} requires the use of {{tl|lang}} instead of manual &lt;nowiki&gt;''italics''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. This is preferred for the following reasons:

* [[Web browser]]s can use the information in such [[:Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates|multilingual support templates]] to choose an appropriate font.
** This is great for [[CJK characters|CJK]] where a character can be given its language-specific shape but will fall back to another form if no appropriate font is found or if the preferred font lacks that character, for example because the language does not make use of that character: see {{section link|Han unification|Examples of language-dependent glyphs}} and [[User:Wikipeditor/CJK|these comparison tables with a screenshot]].
* For [[web accessibility|accessibility]] – [[screen reader]]s need language info to speak text in the correct language – and to satisfy [[Wikipedia:Accessibility#Text|Wikipedia accessibility guidelines]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/yahoo-search-results-now-natural-language-support-7318.html|title=Yahoo! search results now with natural language support |date=13 Mar 2008|first=Chris |last=Heilmann|work=[[Yahoo! Developer Network]] Blog |accessdate=28 Feb 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090125024422/http://developer.yahoo.net/blog/archives/2008/03/yahoo_search_re.html|archivedate=25 Jan 2009|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* For [[spell checker]]s and grammar checkers, to match the text to the dictionary and syntax of the correct language.
* To prevent the page from showing up on the [[Wikipedia:Typo Team/moss/not English]] report, which flags articles needing translation.
* To help browsers choose appropriate [[quotation mark]]s,&lt;ref name=&quot;qa-lang-why&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-lang-why |title=Why use the language attribute?|date=18 November 2014|first= Richard |last= Ishida | publisher=World Wide Web Consortium |issue=Previously by Deborah Cawkwell, BBC World Service|accessdate=1 Mar 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; and make decisions about [[Hyphen|hyphenation]],&lt;ref name=&quot;qa-lang-why&quot;/&gt; [[orthographic ligature|ligature]]s,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-fonts/#font-variant-ligatures-prop|title=6.4 Ligatures: the font-variant-ligatures property|work=CSS Fonts Module Level 3 W3C Candidate Recommendation 3 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; and spacing.&lt;ref name=&quot;qa-lang-why&quot;/&gt;
* Users can apply styles to languages in their [[style sheet (web development)|style sheet]]s (useful for editors).
* [[Web search engine|Search engine]]s can use this information when [[search engine indexing|indexing]] text.
* Facilitates better data-scraping, parsing, and reuse.
* Useful for application developers who re-publish Wikipedia (also see {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility|Other languages}}).
* Useful for research or compiling statistics about language use in Wikipedia.

== Applying styles ==

Registered users can apply custom [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] styles to articles by placing style declarations in their user style sheet. The user style sheet can be created at [[Special:Mypage/common.css]]. For more information, see [[Help:User style]]. The following examples should work in most [[List of web browsers|modern browsers]].

To apply a specific font to all text marked as Russian of any script or region:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;css&quot;&gt;
[lang|=ru] { font-family: fonteskaya; }
/* or */
:lang(ru) { font-family: fonteskaya; }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

To apply a specific font to text marked simply as Russian:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;css&quot;&gt;
[lang=ru] { font-family: fonteskaya; }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

To apply a color to all text marked with any language:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;css&quot;&gt;
[lang] { color: green; }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If a font name contains characters besides basic Latin letters or hyphens, it is a good idea to enclose it in quotation marks because some such characters have special meanings (the most common case needing quotation marks is a multi-word font name with space characters). Quotation marks are also required for font families containing generic-family keywords ('inherit', 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'monospace', 'fantasy', and 'cursive'). See the [http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/fonts.html#font-family-prop W3C] for more details.

You can combine this with font imports in your user stylesheet, for example, to show all German text in [[Fraktur]] and all Urdu in [[Noto fonts|Noto]] [[Nastaʿlīq script|Nastaliq]] Urdu Regular:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;css&quot;&gt;
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=UnifrakturMaguntia);
@import url(http://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/notonastaliqurdudraft.css);

:lang(de) {
   font-family: UnifrakturMaguntia;
   font-style: normal;
   font-weight: normal;
}

:lang(ur) {
   font-family: &quot;Noto Nastaliq Urdu Regular&quot;, &quot;Noto Nastaliq Urdu&quot;;
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

then the following wikitext will look like the image below:

&lt;pre&gt;
Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den Sylter Deich

{{lang|de-Latf|Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den Sylter Deich}}

ٹھنڈ میں، ایک قحط زدہ گاؤں سے گزرتے وقت ایک چڑچڑے، بااثر و فارغ شخص کو بعض جل پری نما اژدہے نظر آئے۔

{{lang|ur|ٹھنڈ میں، ایک قحط زدہ گاؤں سے گزرتے وقت ایک چڑچڑے، بااثر و فارغ شخص کو بعض جل پری نما اژدہے نظر آئے۔}}
&lt;/pre&gt;

{{Wide image|Pangrams in DE and UR in Arial, UnifrakturMaguntia and Noto Nastaliq Urdu.png|1000px}}

== Tracking categories ==
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx template errors}}
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1}}
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes}}

== TemplateData ==

{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Indicate that a given span of text belongs to a particular language. Allows browsers to correctly present and pronounce foreign languages.&quot;,
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Language tag&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A language tag, or an ISO 639 language code.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;fr&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;code&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Text&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The text belonging to the language specified.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;Je suis française.&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;text&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;rtl&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Right to left&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Indicates that the language should be displayed from right to left.&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;no&quot;
		},
		&quot;italic&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;italics&quot;,
				&quot;i&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Italicize&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Italicizes the text&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;no&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		},
		&quot;size&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Font-size&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;sets font-size&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;120%, 1.2em&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;cat&quot;: {
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;inhibits automatic categorization&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		},
		&quot;nocat&quot;: {
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;inhibits automatic categorization (mirror version of |cat=)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;format&quot;: &quot;inline&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== See also ==
* {{tl|Langr}}, variant of this template that forces &quot;roman&quot; (non-italic) output, e.g. for proper names of places and institutions
* {{tl|Langx}}, variant of this template that displays the name of the language before the marked-up text
* {{tl|IPA}}
* {{tl|Title language}}
* [[:Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
* [[Lists of ISO 639 codes]] (language codes)
** {{tl|ISO 639 name}}
* [[List of ISO 15924 codes]] (script codes)
* [[List of ISO romanizations|List of ISO transliterations]] (transliteration codes)
* {{tl|cleanup lang}} (for articles which should use this template, but do not yet)
* {{tl|transliteration}} (for romanisation of languages not natively written in the Latin alphabet)
* {{tl|script}} (for specific characters)
* {{tl|wikt-lang}} (to simultaneously tag text as a language and link to Wiktionary)
* {{tl|in lang}} (for visually marking external links to foreign-language content)
* {{tl|mw lang}} (similar to &lt;nowiki&gt;{{ISO 639 name}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; for MediaWiki-supported languages)
* {{tl|interlanguage link}}
* [[Wikipedia:Translation]] (a discussion on the translation of information from articles from other languages' Wikipedias)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]]
** [http://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/Overview.en.php Language tags in HTML and XML] – Overview
** [https://www.w3.org/International/techniques/authoring-html#language Authoring Web pages]
** [http://www.w3.org/International/articles/bcp47/ Understanding the New Language Tags]
** [http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-css-lang FAQ: Styling using the lang attribute]
* [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]]
** [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry IANA Language Subtag Registry]
** [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4646.txt Tags for Identifying Languages] ({{IETF RFC|4646}})
** [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4647.txt Matching of Language Tags] ({{IETF RFC|4647}})
** [http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-tags Language tags] (obsolete per {{IETF RFC|4646}})
* [[Mozilla Firefox]]
** [https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=192636 Bug with script selection]

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
[[Category:Language tag handling templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j29p91ipqowfsf79zm4fz99adkiw8n5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Transliteration</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33501</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157712</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:39:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{#if:{{{sortable|}}}  |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&gt;{{{1|}}}&lt;/span&gt; }}{{#if:{{{i|}}}  |&lt;nowiki/&gt;'' }}{{#switch:{{{literal|}}}  |no|off   = transl.  |yes|on   = {{Abbr|lit.&amp;nbsp;transl.|literal translation}}  |abbr  |#default = {{Abbr|transl.|translation}} }}{{#if:{{{i|}}}  |''&lt;nowiki/&gt; }}{{#if:{{{1|}}}  |&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt; }}{{#if:{{{2|}}}  |&amp;nbsp;– transl.&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;{{{2}}}&lt;/span&gt; }}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157712</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="444" sha1="pbxohnvgjjwvrwz66c8byp3134gwtf5" xml:space="preserve">{{#if:{{{sortable|}}}
 |&lt;span style=&quot;display:none;&quot;&gt;{{{1|}}}&lt;/span&gt;
}}{{#if:{{{i|}}}
 |&lt;nowiki/&gt;''
}}{{#switch:{{{literal|}}}
 |no|off   = transl.
 |yes|on   = {{Abbr|lit.&amp;nbsp;transl.|literal translation}}
 |abbr
 |#default = {{Abbr|transl.|translation}}
}}{{#if:{{{i|}}}
 |''&lt;nowiki/&gt;
}}{{#if:{{{1|}}}
 |&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;
}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}
 |&amp;nbsp;– transl.&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;{{{2}}}&lt;/span&gt;
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pbxohnvgjjwvrwz66c8byp3134gwtf5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Transliteration/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33502</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157713</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:40:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{For|the article maintenance tag|Template:Translate}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{Template shortcut|tr|xlat}} &lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{High-use}}}} Indicate that a given span of text is a translation of the preceding text.  == Usage == * {{tlx|translation|_show_result=yes}} * {{tlx|translation|literal{{=}}yes|_show_resu...'</comment>
      <origin>157713</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2048" sha1="maxikbtdrxf294ked1fhu1k99pxx9vb" xml:space="preserve">{{For|the article maintenance tag|Template:Translate}}
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Template shortcut|tr|xlat}}
&lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||{{High-use}}}}
Indicate that a given span of text is a translation of the preceding text.

== Usage ==
* {{tlx|translation|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|translation|literal{{=}}yes|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|translation|i{{=}}yes|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|translation|a|_show_result=yes}}
* {{tlx|translation|a|b|_show_result=yes}}

== Spacing demonstration ==
{{clarify|reason=What's the purpose of this section? Why would you want to not use spaces, as in these examples?|date=August 2025}}
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;a{{translation}}bcd&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; a{{translation}}bcd
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;a{{translation|i=yes}}bcd&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; a{{translation|i=yes}}bcd 
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;a{{translation|b}}cd&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; a{{translation|b}}cd
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;a{{translation|b|i=yes}}cd&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; a{{translation|b|i=yes}}cd
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;a{{translation|b|c}}d&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; a{{translation|b|c}}d
* &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;a{{translation|b|c|i=yes}}d&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; a{{translation|b|c|i=yes}}d

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;meaning&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;'not is'&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;second meaning&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;sortable&quot;: {
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;i&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;italic&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;literal&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;literal&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Indicate that a given span of text is a translation of the preceding text. &quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== See also ==
* {{tlx|literal translation}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Wikipedia formatting templates]]
[[Category:Translation templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>maxikbtdrxf294ked1fhu1k99pxx9vb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Lang/sandbox</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157714</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:44:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang/sandbox|{{{fn|lang}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157714</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="107" sha1="l5d9pvbquad4wunfeogfuqaoaa78vy1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang/sandbox|{{{fn|lang}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>l5d9pvbquad4wunfeogfuqaoaa78vy1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Lua</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33504</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157715</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:45:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lua banner|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Lua|Module:Lua banner}} {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157715</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="196" sha1="pnmjp3f3fl321yf2jpg5syebi412n7b" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lua banner|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Lua|Module:Lua banner}}
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pnmjp3f3fl321yf2jpg5syebi412n7b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Lua/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157716</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:46:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{Template redirects|Lua talk|Uses Lua}} &lt;!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Lua banner}} This template is used to indicate that a template uses one or more [[Lua]] modules (pages in the &lt;code&gt;Module:&lt;/code&gt; namespace). It is placed at the top of the template's /doc page. It automatically adds a floating right notification box, and it adds the template to :Categ...'</comment>
      <origin>157716</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2623" sha1="layevb8gt5evcq9jt8wk9d8bapf3lhw" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Template redirects|Lua talk|Uses Lua}}
&lt;!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
{{High-use}}
{{Lua|Module:Lua banner}}
This template is used to indicate that a template uses one or more [[Lua]] modules (pages in the &lt;code&gt;Module:&lt;/code&gt; namespace). It is placed at the top of the template's /doc page. It automatically adds a floating right notification box, and it adds the template to [[:Category:Lua-based templates]] or to one of its subcategories.

== Usage ==

; Basic : {{tlx|Lua|''module name''}}

; All parameters : {{tlx|Lua|''module 1''|''module 2''|''module 3''|...|category{{=}}''custom category''|nocat{{=}}''true''}}

The first module name is required.

== Examples ==

* {{tlx|Lua|Module:Example}}
{{Lua|Module:Example|nocat=true}}
{{clear}}

* {{tlx|Lua|Module:Example|Module:Example}}
{{Lua|Module:Example|Module:Example|nocat=true}}
{{clear}}

* {{tlx|Lua|Module:$Example$}}
{{Lua|Module:$Example$|nocat=true}}
{{clear}}

* {{tlx|Lua}}
{{Lua|nocat=true}}
{{clear}}

== Categorisation ==

===Template category===
This template adds pages to [[:Category:Lua-based templates]] if the page is in the template namespace, and it is not on any of the subpages /doc, /sandbox, /sandbox2 or /testcases. You can specify a different category with the {{para|category}} parameter, e.g. {{para|category|Lua String-based templates}}.

Some modules have a default category other than [[:Category:Lua-based templates]]:
* [[Module:String]] has the default category [[:Category:Templates based on the String Lua module]].
* [[Module:Math]] has the default category [[:Category:Templates based on the Math Lua module]].
* [[Module:BaseConvert]] has the default category [[:Category:Templates based on the BaseConvert Lua module]].
* [[Module:Citation/CS1]] has the default category [[:Category:Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module]].

===Error category===
If no modules are specified, the transcluded page will be added to [[:Category:Lua templates with errors]].

===Category suppression===
To suppress all categorisation, use {{para|nocat|true}}. (As well as &quot;true&quot;, the values &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;y&quot;, and &quot;1&quot; will also work.)

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
{{#invoke:TNT|doc|Lua banner}}

== See also ==
* [[Wikipedia:Lua]]
* {{tl|module rating}}
* {{tl|Uses TemplateStyles}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other|
| &lt;!-- Categories go here, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
[[Category:Lua-based templates| ]]
[[Category:Wikipedia Lua-related templates]]
[[Category:Template namespace templates]]
[[Category:Variadic templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>layevb8gt5evcq9jt8wk9d8bapf3lhw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Language templates</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157717</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:49:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{helpbox  | name       = Language templates  | class      = plainlist   | title      = Language templates   | group1     = Language names ([[ISO 639]]) | list1     =  * {{tl|ISO 639 name}}  | group2     = Interwiki links | list2     = * {{tl|Wikt-lang}} * [[Module:Wikt-lang]] * [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]] * {{tl|Interlanguage link}} * {{Tl|Interwiki link}}  | group5     = Foreign-language text | list5     = * {{tl|Lang}} * {{tl|Langx}} * [[Module:Lang]] * {{tl|...'</comment>
      <origin>157717</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="743" sha1="0pw4wgopj9a8e7h6o5u8r5i68l7j8h9" xml:space="preserve">{{helpbox
 | name       = Language templates
 | class      = plainlist 
 | title      = Language templates
 
| group1     = Language names ([[ISO 639]])
| list1     = 
* {{tl|ISO 639 name}}

| group2     = Interwiki links
| list2     =
* {{tl|Wikt-lang}}
* [[Module:Wikt-lang]]
* [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]]
* {{tl|Interlanguage link}}
* {{Tl|Interwiki link}}

| group5     = Foreign-language text
| list5     =
* {{tl|Lang}}
* {{tl|Langx}}
* [[Module:Lang]]
* {{tl|Langlink}}
* {{tl|Transliteration}}
* {{tl|Title language}}

| group6     = Other
| list6     = 
* {{tl|IPA}}

}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation|content=
[[WP:SIDEBAR|Sidebar]] listing language [[WP:templates|templates]].
}}
[[Category:Documentation see also templates]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0pw4wgopj9a8e7h6o5u8r5i68l7j8h9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Pipe</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33507</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157718</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T03:51:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&amp;#124;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157718</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="92" sha1="5edw5gzp5q8wdkv58s32kzu46ex9w8t" xml:space="preserve">&amp;#124;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5edw5gzp5q8wdkv58s32kzu46ex9w8t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Pipe/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33508</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157719</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:07:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} &lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt;  This is the {{tl|pipe}} meta-template. It looks like this: {{pipe}}  This template should be used if you want to {{em|see}} a vertical bar character as part of the final article. To simply delay the interpretation of a vertical bar as wikitext, use {{tn|!}}.  This template uses the {{mono|&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;&lt;/nowiki&gt;}} List of XML and HTML characte...'</comment>
      <origin>157719</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1663" sha1="dcujeorvvebb4v7v1l3n5nbvx4psn9q" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
&lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt;

This is the {{tl|pipe}} meta-template. It looks like this: {{pipe}}  This template should be used if you want to {{em|see}} a vertical bar character as part of the final article. To simply delay the interpretation of a vertical bar as wikitext, use {{tn|!}}.

This template uses the {{mono|&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;&lt;/nowiki&gt;}} [[List of XML and HTML character entity references|decimal code]] for the [[vertical bar]] (or pipe character) so that its usage doesn't cause problems when it is used inside a [[Help:Template|template]]. This situation most commonly arises when the title of a cited reference contains a pipe character instead of a hyphen or dash (e.g. [http://www.xbox.com/ Xbox.com {{pipe}} Xbox.com Home]). &lt;code&gt;{{tl|Pipe}}&lt;/code&gt; is easier to remember and clearer than an unadorned {{mono|&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}.

Please do not use the Unicode [[&amp;#448;|{{mono|&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#448;&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}]] (which produces &amp;#448;) since that does not work in all web browsers. It is also slightly smaller than &amp;#124;.

=== Alternative names ===

The following names redirect here and can be used as alternative names for this template:
* {{tl|vbar}}
* {{tl|verti-bar}}
* {{tl|vertical bar}}
* {{tl|vertical line}}
* {{tl|vertical slash}}

=== See also ===
{{escape template list}}
* {{tn|'}} - Used to encode apostrophe to keep it separate from &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; markup.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||&lt;!-- CATEGORIES HERE, THANKS --&gt;
[[Category:Character templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dcujeorvvebb4v7v1l3n5nbvx4psn9q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:In5</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33509</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157720</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:09:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:in5|in5|1={{{1|}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;  {{Documentation}}  &lt;!--[[Category:Smart formatting templates|In5]]--&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157720</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="169" sha1="8vq8wpy1id7garukyg2rx2pi2ojk3nv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:in5|in5|1={{{1|}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{Documentation}}

&lt;!--[[Category:Smart formatting templates|In5]]--&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>8vq8wpy1id7garukyg2rx2pi2ojk3nv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:In5/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33510</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157721</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:10:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:in5|in5|1={{{1|}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;  {{Documentation}}  &lt;!--[[Category:Smart formatting templates|In5]]--&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157721</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="169" sha1="8vq8wpy1id7garukyg2rx2pi2ojk3nv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:in5|in5|1={{{1|}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{Documentation}}

&lt;!--[[Category:Smart formatting templates|In5]]--&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>8vq8wpy1id7garukyg2rx2pi2ojk3nv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Var</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33511</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157722</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:12:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;var {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class=&quot;{{{class}}}&quot;}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id=&quot;{{{id}}}&quot;}} style=&quot;padding-right: 1px;{{{style|}}}&quot; {{#if:{{{lang|}}}|lang=&quot;{{{lang}}}&quot;}} {{#if:{{{title|}}}|title=&quot;{{{title}}}&quot;}}&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/var&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; &lt;!--Categories and interwikis go near the bottom of the /doc page.--&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157722</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="322" sha1="1ph0r212s7cz1dvg2q4quotqwsozpa8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;var {{#if:{{{class|}}}|class=&quot;{{{class}}}&quot;}} {{#if:{{{id|}}}|id=&quot;{{{id}}}&quot;}} style=&quot;padding-right: 1px;{{{style|}}}&quot; {{#if:{{{lang|}}}|lang=&quot;{{{lang}}}&quot;}} {{#if:{{{title|}}}|title=&quot;{{{title}}}&quot;}}&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/var&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!--Categories and interwikis go near the bottom of the /doc page.--&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1ph0r212s7cz1dvg2q4quotqwsozpa8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Var/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33512</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157723</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:12:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{tlr|VAR|variable}} &lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{high-use| 6000 }}  This template is to help facilitate the displaying of variable names (in [[Variable (mathematics)|mathematics]], [[Variable (computer science)|computer source code]], [[wikimarkup]] in [[WP:template documentation|template documentation]], Metasyntactic variable|metasynta...'</comment>
      <origin>157723</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4035" sha1="9q0yoilcszbp84kwqib0aeqlr2xdyii" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{tlr|VAR|variable}}
&lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{high-use| 6000 }}

This template is to help facilitate the displaying of variable names (in [[Variable (mathematics)|mathematics]], [[Variable (computer science)|computer source code]], [[wikimarkup]] in [[WP:template documentation|template documentation]], [[Metasyntactic variable|metasyntactic variables]], etc.) with the [[Semantic HTML|semantically correct]] {{tag|var|link=yes}} tags, which also renders the variable in italics, as is customary. Alternately, editors may use {{tag|var}} tags directly in [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] to produce identical output.

The use of {{tag|var|o}} or {{tl|var}} is preferred to simply italicizing for many reasons, including [[WP:Accessibility|accessibility]], [[separation of presentation and content]], [[semantic Web]], and [[WP:METADATA|metadata]]. In [[XHTML]] and [[HTML]], the {{tag|var|o}} element has semantic meaning, while simple italicization does not. This template provides a tiny hint of [[kerning]] to compensate for the italicization and enhance readability.

&quot;Variable&quot; in this sense may include arbitrary or unknown names or terms, examples of human input, arithmetical variables in equations, etc. This template (and the underlying XHTML) are generally {{em|not}} used if MediaWiki's {{tag|math}} tags (or any other stand-alone [[Help:Math|mathematical markup]]) are being used.

==Usage==

At times, you may wish to use a serif font. This is especially true when attempting to render single-letter variables like &quot;I&quot; (upper-case &quot;i&quot;) and &quot;l&quot; (lower-case &quot;L&quot;), since they are nearly indistinguishable (if at all). In such situations, use the {{tlx|varserif}} template instead of {{tnull|var}}, to make them more distinguishable, like these serif examples: {{varserif|I}}, {{varserif|l}}.

===Examples===
{{Markup HTML Rendered|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{var|username}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;|&lt;var&gt;username&lt;/var&gt;|{{var|username}}}}

{{Markup
| &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;var&gt;username&lt;/var&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| &lt;var&gt;username&lt;/var&gt;
| &lt;nowiki&gt;{{var|username}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| {{var|username}}
| &lt;nowiki&gt;The commandline should read: {{samp|%}} {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}&lt;br /&gt;(where {{var|hostname}} is the IP address or ...)&lt;br /&gt;If it is correct, press {{key press|Enter}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| The commandline should read: {{samp|%}} {{kbd|1=ssh {{var|hostname}}}}&lt;br /&gt;(where {{var|hostname}} is the IP address or ...)&lt;br /&gt;If it is correct, press {{key press|Enter}}
| &lt;nowiki&gt;in this equation, let {{var|x}}{{=}}1 and {{var|y}}{{=}}120 ...&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| in this equation, let {{var|x}}{{=}}1 and {{var|y}}{{=}}120 ...
| &lt;nowiki&gt;{{para|accessdate|{{var|todays_date}}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| {{para|accessdate|{{var|todays_date}}}}
}}

==TemplateData==
{{Format TemplateData|&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;variable&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;class&quot;: {
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;id&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;ID&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;style&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;CSS style&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;lang&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Language tag&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;en-UK&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;An IETF BCP 47 language tag&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;en-US&quot;,
				&quot;en-UK&quot;,
				&quot;es-419&quot;,
				&quot;en&quot;,
				&quot;es&quot;,
				&quot;de&quot;,
				&quot;zh&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;title&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;HTML title (hovertext)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Marks text as an HTML variable&quot;,
	&quot;format&quot;: &quot;inline&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;}}

== See also ==
* {{tl|mvar}} which makes the argument italic and formats as mathematics
* {{tl|math}} which formats its argument as mathematics
* {{tl|bigmath}}, the same as {{tl|math}} but makes it bigger

{{Semantic markup templates|show}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Mathematical formatting templates]]
[[Category:Programming typing-aid templates]]
[[Category:Semantic markup templates]]
[[Category:Wikipedia HTML tag-replacing templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>9q0yoilcszbp84kwqib0aeqlr2xdyii</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Langx</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33513</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157724</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:17:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:lang|langx}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157724</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="91" sha1="b2t9lzvo8lxg4ixz37k2ittlrezox1h" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:lang|langx}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b2t9lzvo8lxg4ixz37k2ittlrezox1h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Langx/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33514</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157725</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:17:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{No subst}} {{notice|text=After a [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 September 27#Replace and delete lang-?? templates|discussion in 2024]], most of the {{tld|lang-??}} templates were replaced by {{tlx|langx}}.}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{Lua|Module:Lang}} {{Language templates}}  This language template identifies non-English text. It is very similar to {{tl|lang}} but inserts the name of the language as a label. The...'</comment>
      <origin>157725</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17915" sha1="o2m7cllx8z67oa867aikah27gydskgv" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use}}
{{COinS safe|n}}
{{No subst}}
{{notice|text=After a [[Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 September 27#Replace and delete lang-?? templates|discussion in 2024]], most of the {{tld|lang-??}} templates were replaced by {{tlx|langx}}.}}
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Lua|Module:Lang}}
{{Language templates}}

This language template identifies non-English text. It is very similar to {{tl|lang}} but inserts the name of the language as a label. The text is formatted according to recommendations in {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting#Foreign terms}}: italics for languages that use the [[Latin alphabet]]&lt;!-- Not the same thing as Romance languages and Latinate languages--&gt;, normal for others.

== Usage ==
An [[IETF language tag]] and the non-English term or phrase are the only required parameters.

The template should generally be placed after the English translation of the foreign term or phrase.

* The parameter {{Para|links|no}} prevents the language name from being linked.
* The parameter {{Para|translit}} allows for a [[romanization]]. This parameter is not supported by {{tld|langx|&amp;lt;{{var|tag}}&gt;|...}} templates for languages that are already written in Latin script.
* The parameter {{Para|lit}} enables a literal translation (in English) to be given.

== Parameters ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Langx supported parameters
! Parameter
! Definition
! Yields to
! Alias
|-
| {{para|1}} || The [[IETF language tag]] for the content in {{para|text}} || {{sdash}} || {{para|code}}
|-
| {{para|text}} || The non-English text || {{sdash}} || {{para|2}}
|-
| {{para|translit}} || The Latin script transliteration of the content in {{para|text}} || {{sdash}} || {{para|3}}
|-
| {{para|translit-std}} || The standard used for the transliteration of the value of {{para|translit}}; accepted values are: {{param value|Abkai}}, {{param value|ahl}}, {{param value|ALA}}, {{param value|ALA-LC}}, {{param value|batr}}, {{param value|bgn/pcgn}}, {{param value|DIN}}, {{param value|eae}}, {{param value|hepburn}}, {{param value|hu}}, {{param value|hunterian}}, {{param value|IAST}}, {{param value|ISO}}, {{param value|jyutping}}, {{param value|mdorff}}, {{param value|mlcts}}, {{param value|mr}}, {{param value|nihon-shiki}}, {{param value|no_std}}, {{param value|pinyin}}, {{param value|rr}}, {{param value|rtgs}}, {{param value|satts}}, {{param value|scientific}}, {{param value|ukrainian}}, {{param value|ungegn}}, {{param value|wadegile}}, {{param value|wehr}}, {{param value|yaleko}} || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{nowrap|{{para|translit-script}}}} || The transliteration standard's script identifier || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|translation}} || The literal English translation or gloss of the content in {{para|text}}. Will be surrounded in single-quotes. The text will be tagged with CSS class {{code|gloss-text}} and the quotes with {{code|gloss-quot}}, like how {{tl|gloss}} does it, enabling customization in [[Help:User style|user stylesheets]]. || {{sdash}} || {{para|lit}}, {{para|4}}
|-
| {{para|label}} || The label to be used instead of template-provided language label. May be wikilinked. Special keyword {{param value|none}} causes the template to render without any labels (including transliteration and translation labels) || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|link}} || Links language name and static text associated with {{para|translit}} and {{para|translation}}. Defaults to {{param value|yes}}. Accepted values are: {{param value|no}}, {{param value|yes}}; {{para|link|no}} does not unlink wikilinked labels set by {{para|label}} || {{sdash}} || {{para|links}}
|-
| {{para|proto}} || Accepted values are: {{param value|no}} (default) or {{param value|yes}} (default for private-use language tags with the {{param value|-x-proto}} subtags); when {{param value|yes}} (default or explicit), prefixes rendered text with an asterisk indicating 'unattested' || {{sdash}} || 
|-
| {{para|red=y|script}} || (Deprecated – include script subtag in {{para|1}}) IETF language script subtag; sometimes set by the template when the language of the content in {{para|text}} uses more than one writing system; always four alpha characters; a value of {{param value|Latn}} &lt;small&gt;({{em|not}} &quot;Latin&quot;!)&lt;/small&gt; forces italic rendering unless overridden by {{para|italic}}; overrides {{para|rtl}} || {{nowrap|{{para|italic}}}} ||
|-
| {{para|red=y|region}} || (Deprecated – include region subtag in {{para|1}}) IETF language region subtag || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|red=y|variant}} || (Deprecated – include variant subtag in {{para|1}}) IETF language variant subtag || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|rtl}} || {{param value|yes}} indicates that the writing system used for the content in {{para|text}} is right-to-left; accepted values are: {{param value|no}} (default), {{param value|yes}} || {{nowrap|{{para|script}}}} ||
|-
| {{para|italic}} || {{crossref|see table &quot;[[#italic|Langx {{para|italic}} parameter operation]]&quot;}}; accepted values are: {{param value|yes}}, {{param value|no}}, {{param value|unset}}, {{param value|invert}}, {{param value|default}} || {{sdash}} || {{nowrap|{{para|italics}}}}, {{para|i}}
|-
| {{para|size}} || Specifies font size of the content in {{para|text}}; use a value suitable for use with the CSS &lt;code&gt;font-size&lt;/code&gt; property; this should almost always be a relative value supplied in {{param value|style=color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);|%}} or {{param value|style=color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);|em}} units, not a fixed {{param value|style=color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);|px}} value. || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|engvar}} || Selects English variant spelling of 'romanised' or 'romanized' (default) according to the country specified; accepted values are: {{param value|au}} (Australia), {{param value|ca}} (Canada), {{param value|gb}} (Great Britain), {{param value|ie}} (Ireland), {{param value|in}} (India), {{param value|nz}} (New Zealand), {{param value|us}} (United States), {{param value|za}} (South Africa) || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|cat}} || Inhibits automatic categorization; mirror version of {{para|nocat}}; accepted values are: {{param value|no}}, {{param value|n}}, {{param value|false}}, {{param value|f}}, {{param value|off}}, {{param value|0}} || {{sdash}} ||
|-
| {{para|nocat}} || Inhibits automatic categorization; mirror version of {{para|cat}}; accepted values are: {{param value|yes}}, {{param value|y}}, {{param value|true}}, {{param value|t}}, {{param value|on}}, {{param value|1}} || {{sdash}} ||
|-
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ {{anchor|italic}}Langx {{para|italic}} parameter operation
|-
! {{para|italic}} value !! Description !! Example code !! Result !! HTML markup
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* parameter not present;
* parameter present, not set;
* invalid value
}}
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies style from:
* &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;template setting, or
* &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;{{pval|-latn}} script subtag;
* else inherits from external markup;
* invalid values treated as default
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{langx|ru|тундра}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|тундра}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|tûndra}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|tûndra}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|tûndra}}}}&lt;br /&gt;Incorrect markup; this requires script subtag {{pval|-latn}}.
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|fr|toundra}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|fr|toundra}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|fr|toundra}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra}}}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | {{param value|default}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=default}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=default}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=default}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|fr|toundra|italic=default}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|fr|toundra|italic=default}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|fr|toundra|italic=default}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=default}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=default}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=default}}}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{param value|no}}
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies upright style;
* overrides {{pval|-latn}} script subtag;
* overrides external markup
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=no}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=no}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|fr|toundra|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|fr|toundra|italic=no}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|fr|toundra|italic=no}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=no}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=no}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=no}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;''{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=no}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| ''{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=no}}''
| {{code|lang=wikitext|''{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=no}}''}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | {{param value|yes}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies italic style;
* ignores {{pval|-latn}} script subtag
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=yes}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=yes}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=yes}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=yes}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=yes}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=yes}}}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{param value|unset}}
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies no style;
* inherits style from external markup;
* overrides {{pval|-latn}} script subtag
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;''{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| ''{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}''
| {{code|lang=wikitext|''{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=unset}}''}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;''{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}''&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| ''{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}''
| {{code|lang=wikitext|''{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=unset}}''}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{param value|invert}}
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | {{Plainlist|
* module applies no style;
* inverts style in internal markup;{{efn|name=invertunset}}
* disables auto-italics;
* overrides {{pval|-latn}} script subtag
}}
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=invert}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|тундра|italic=invert}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|''тундра''|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru|''тундра''|italic=invert}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru|''тундра''|italic=invert}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=invert}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|tûndra|italic=invert}}}}
|-
| &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru-latn|''tûndra''|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
| {{Langx|ru-latn|''tûndra''|italic=invert}}
| {{code|lang=wikitext|{{Langx|ru-latn|''tûndra''|italic=invert}}}}
|-
|}

===Notes===
{{Notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=invertunset|compare {{para|italic|invert}} to {{para|italic|unset}}:
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|de|... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.|italic=invert}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::{{Langx|de|... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.|italic=invert}}
:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|de|''... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.''|italic=unset}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::{{Langx|de|''... ein neues Opernprojekt in Angriff: ''Das Käthchen von Heilbronn'', nach Heinrich von Kleists gleichnamigem Drama.''|italic=unset}}}}
}}

=== TemplateData ===
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Language tag&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A valid IETF language tag identifying the language of the non-English text. E.g. \&quot;ja\&quot; for Japanese.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;ja&quot;
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Text&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The non-English text to display. E.g. \&quot;東京都\&quot; means \&quot;Tokyo\&quot; in Japanese.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;東京都&quot;
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Transliteration&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The transliteration of the foreign text, for languages that do not use the Latin alphabet. This field is ignored for languages that do use the Latin alphabet. E.g. \&quot;Tōkyō\&quot; is the standardized romanization of \&quot;Tokyo\&quot;.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;translit&quot;
			],
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;Tōkyō&quot;
		},
		&quot;4&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Literal translation&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The literal translation of the foreign text. E.g. \&quot;Tokyo\&quot; means \&quot;eastern capital\&quot;.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;lit&quot;,
				&quot;translation&quot;
			],
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;eastern capital&quot;
		},
		&quot;links&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Display link&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Set to 'no' to disable the link to the article's language.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;link&quot;
			],
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;,
			&quot;autovalue&quot;: &quot;no&quot;
		},
		&quot;label&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Language label&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;If 'none', suppresses language link and label. Other options may be available depending on the language.&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;none&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;rtl&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Right-to-left&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Toggle right-to-left view for the foreign text.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;no&quot;
		},
		&quot;italic&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Italicize&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Toggle italicization for the foreign text.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;no&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;italics&quot;,
				&quot;i&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;size&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Font-size&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Sets font-size for the foreign text.&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;120%, 1.2em&quot;
		},
		&quot;engvar&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;English variant&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Spelling of 'romanized/romanised'.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;au&quot;,
				&quot;ca&quot;,
				&quot;gb&quot;,
				&quot;ie&quot;,
				&quot;in&quot;,
				&quot;nz&quot;,
				&quot;us&quot;,
				&quot;za&quot;
			]
		}
	},
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Indicates to readers the original form of a term or phrase in a foreign language.&quot;,
	&quot;paramOrder&quot;: [
		&quot;1&quot;,
		&quot;2&quot;,
		&quot;3&quot;,
		&quot;4&quot;,
		&quot;links&quot;,
		&quot;label&quot;,
		&quot;rtl&quot;,
		&quot;italic&quot;,
		&quot;size&quot;,
		&quot;engvar&quot;
	]
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== Examples ==
The following examples show translations from German or French.

* {{demo|&lt;nowiki&gt;Weimar is located in the federal state of Thuringia ({{Langx|de|Thüringen}}).&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
* {{demo|&lt;nowiki&gt;The ''Seafarers of Catan'' ({{Langx|de|Die Seefahrer von Catan}}) is an expansion of the board game ''[[The Settlers of Catan]]''.&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
* {{demo|&lt;nowiki&gt;Albert the Bear ({{Langx|de|Albrecht der Bär|links=no}})&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
*{{demo|&lt;nowiki&gt;''All Quiet on the Western Front'' ({{Langx|de|Im Westen nichts Neues|lit=In the West Nothing New}}) is a novel by [[Erich Maria Remarque]].&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
* {{demo|&lt;nowiki&gt;'''Paris Cité University''' ({{langx|fr|links=no|'''Université Paris Cité'''}}) is a public research university&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

== Comparison with the Lang template==

This template differs from the {{tlx|lang}} template in that this one labels the text with the name of the language. For that reason, to avoid unnecessary clutter, this template should be used sparingly, in cases where the name of the language should be made explicit, such as the first place in an article that the translation of a word or phrase in English is given, or when renderings in multiple languages are being given and confusion is possible in the absence of such labeling.

Comparison:
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Lang|ru|тундра}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; produces {{lang|ru|тундра}}
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; produces {{langx|ru|тундра}}
* &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline=&quot;1&quot;&gt;{{Langx|ru|тундра|label=none}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; produces {{langx|ru|тундра|label=none}}

== Tracking categories ==
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx template errors}}
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1}}
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes}}
TODO: (2024-09-22) rename these categories

== See also ==
{{#invoke:Lang/documentor tool|see_also|{{{see-also|}}}}}
* {{tl|crh}} – Supports Latin, Cyrillic, and Arabic Crimean Tatar text
* {{Tl|Lang}}
* {{Tl|Language with name/for}}
* [[List of ISO 639 language codes]] (language codes)
* {{tl|IPA}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
[[Category:Language tag handling templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>o2m7cllx8z67oa867aikah27gydskgv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Non-English-language text category</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33515</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157726</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:35:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang/documentor tool|non_english_language_text_category}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157726</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="136" sha1="5b1numqii9i5yr89jv3q3e33w0ok0ay" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang/documentor tool|non_english_language_text_category}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5b1numqii9i5yr89jv3q3e33w0ok0ay</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Non-English-language text category/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33516</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157727</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:35:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Lang/documentor tool}}  {{tlb|Non-English-language text category}} generates documentation for subcategories of [[:Category:Articles containing non-English-language text]] such as [[:Category:Articles containing French-language text]], which are populated by the {{tl|Lang}} and {{tl|Langx}} templates.  == Usage == * {{Tlx|Non-English-language text category}} * {{Tlx|Non-English-language text category|example{...'</comment>
      <origin>157727</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1150" sha1="gkpm3euncx346obftzypljpthswn2mu" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
{{Lua|Module:Lang/documentor tool}}

{{tlb|Non-English-language text category}} generates documentation for subcategories of [[:Category:Articles containing non-English-language text]] such as [[:Category:Articles containing French-language text]], which are populated by the {{tl|Lang}} and {{tl|Langx}} templates.

== Usage ==
* {{Tlx|Non-English-language text category}}
* {{Tlx|Non-English-language text category|example{{=}}some example text|script{{=}}name of script}}

== Optional parameters ==
* {{para|example}} –
* {{para|script}} – This should be a standalone expression like ''foo script'', ''Ogham runes'' as it completes a parenthetical (in &lt;var&gt;script&lt;/var&gt;).

== Tracking categories ==
* {{Category link with count|Category:Lang and lang-xx template errors}} – categories that aren not populated by {{tl|Lang}} and {{tl|Langx}} templates are placed here and should be deleted.

== See also ==
* {{tl|CS1 language sources}}
* {{tl|CS1 language script}}
* {{tl|Non-English-language sources category}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Category namespace templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
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    <id>33517</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157728</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:39:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{safesubst:#if:{{{quote|}}}{{{quotes|}}}|&quot;}}{{safesubst:#if:{{{italic|}}}{{{italics|}}}|''}}[[{{{1}}}{{safesubst:#if:{{{lt|}}}|{{safesubst:!}}{{{lt}}}}}]]{{safesubst:#if:{{{italic|}}}{{{italics|}}}|&amp;#8202;''}}{{safesubst:#if:{{{quote|}}}{{{quotes|}}}|&quot;}}{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{subst:Substcheck}}|SUBST||&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{#if:{{{preserve|{{{display|}}}}}}|1|{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}|{{#invoke:redirect|isRedirect|{{{1|}}}}}|1}}}}&lt;!-- --&gt;  |&lt;{{#switch:{{{vertica...'</comment>
      <origin>157728</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3819" sha1="b5afccaukxymb6ojc35kv8b4wl7g6pb" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{safesubst:#if:{{{quote|}}}{{{quotes|}}}|&quot;}}{{safesubst:#if:{{{italic|}}}{{{italics|}}}|''}}[[{{{1}}}{{safesubst:#if:{{{lt|}}}|{{safesubst:!}}{{{lt}}}}}]]{{safesubst:#if:{{{italic|}}}{{{italics|}}}|&amp;#8202;''}}{{safesubst:#if:{{{quote|}}}{{{quotes|}}}|&quot;}}{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{subst:Substcheck}}|SUBST||&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{#if:{{{preserve|{{{display|}}}}}}|1|{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}|{{#invoke:redirect|isRedirect|{{{1|}}}}}|1}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;
 |&lt;{{#switch:{{{vertical-align|{{{valign|{{{v|}}}}}}}}}|sup|super=sup|sub=sub|span}} class=&quot;noprint&quot; style=&quot;{{#switch:{{{vertical-align|{{{valign|{{{v|}}}}}}}}}|ib=font-size:100%;|sup|super|sub=|font-size:85%;}} font-style: normal; {{#if:{{{nobold|}}}|font-weight: normal;}}&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;#91;{{#if:{{{qid|}}}
  | [[d:Special:EntityPage/{{{qid|}}}#sitelinks-wikipedia|&lt;span title=&quot;Wikidata list: &amp;quot;{{{1}}}&amp;quot; articles in other languages&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{short|{{{s|}}}}}}|wd|Wikidata}}&lt;/span&gt;]]
  | {{#invoke:Separated entries|main|frameOnly=true|separator=;&amp;#32;
    | {{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[:{{{2}}}:{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{3}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{2}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[:{{{4}}}:{{#if:{{{5|}}}|{{{5}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{4}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{6|}}}|[[:{{{6}}}:{{#if:{{{7|}}}|{{{7}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{6}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{8|}}}|[[:{{{8}}}:{{#if:{{{9|}}}|{{{9}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{8}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{10|}}}|[[:{{{10}}}:{{#if:{{{11|}}}|{{{11}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{10}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{12|}}}|[[:{{{12}}}:{{#if:{{{13|}}}|{{{13}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{12}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{14|}}}|[[:{{{14}}}:{{#if:{{{15|}}}|{{{15}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{14}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{16|}}}|[[:{{{16}}}:{{#if:{{{17|}}}|{{{17}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{16}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{18|}}}|[[:{{{18}}}:{{#if:{{{19|}}}|{{{19}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{18}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{20|}}}|[[:{{{20}}}:{{#if:{{{21|}}}|{{{21}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{20}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{22|}}}|[[:{{{22}}}:{{#if:{{{23|}}}|{{{23}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{22}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{24|}}}|[[:{{{24}}}:{{#if:{{{25|}}}|{{{25}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{24}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{26|}}}|[[:{{{26}}}:{{#if:{{{27|}}}|{{{27}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{26}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{28|}}}|[[:{{{28}}}:{{#if:{{{20|}}}|{{{29}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{28}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{30|}}}|[[:{{{30}}}:{{#if:{{{31|}}}|{{{31}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{30}}}}}]]}}
    | {{#if:{{{32|}}}|[[:{{{32}}}:{{#if:{{{33|}}}|{{{33}}}|{{{1}}}}}|{{trim|1={{{32}}}}}]]}}
    }}}}&amp;#93;&lt;/{{#switch:{{{vertical-align|{{{valign|{{{v|}}}}}}}}}|sup|super=sup|sub=sub|span}}&gt;
 | [[Category:Interlanguage link template existing link]]&lt;nowiki /&gt;
 }}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;{{main other|&lt;!--
Forced interwikis--&gt;{{#if:{{{preserve|{{{display|}}}}}}|[[Category:Interlanguage link template forcing interwiki links]]}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{qid|}}}||[[Category:Pages using interlanguage link with no language parameter]]}}&lt;!--

Many languages--&gt;{{#if:{{{8|}}}|[[Category:Pages calling interlanguage link with many languages|{{#if:{{{10|}}}|{{#if:{{{12|}}}|{{#if:{{{14|}}}|{{#if:{{{16|}}}|{{#if:{{{18|}}}|{{#if:{{{20|}}}|{{#if:{{{22|}}}|{{#if:{{{24|}}}|{{#if:{{{26|}}}|{{#if:{{{28|}}}|{{#if:{{{30|}}}|{{#if:{{{32|}}}|P|O}}|N}}|M}}|L}}|K}}|J}}|I}}|H}}|G}}|F}}|E}}|D}}]]}}&lt;!--

Unknown params--&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=[[Category:Pages using interlanguage link with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]|preview=Page using [[Template:Interlanguage link]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 2 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 3 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | display | italic | italics | lt | nobold | preserve | qid | quote | quotes | s | short | v | valign | vertical-align }}}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b5afccaukxymb6ojc35kv8b4wl7g6pb</sha1>
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    <title>Seunaleuëk:Interlanguage link/doc</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;!-- Place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[WP:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{Template shortcut|ill}} {{Hatnote|For guidance, see {{§l|Help:Interlanguage links|Inline links}}.}} {{redirect|Template:Ill|text=You may be looking for [[Template:Illinois]]}} {{Documentation subpage}} {{Bot use warning|bots=[[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/Cewbot|cewbot]]}} {{COinS safe|n}} {{expensive}} {{Language templates}}  This t...'</comment>
      <origin>157729</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29469" sha1="cnos1xojxl6axc5kbqqlfkf6ddygzhp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!-- Place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[WP:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{Template shortcut|ill}}
{{Hatnote|For guidance, see {{§l|Help:Interlanguage links|Inline links}}.}}
{{redirect|Template:Ill|text=You may be looking for [[Template:Illinois]]}}
{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Bot use warning|bots=[[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/Cewbot|cewbot]]}}
{{COinS safe|n}}
{{expensive}}
{{Language templates}}

This template may be used to add links to foreign-language Wikipedias for articles where English Wikipedia does not yet have one. The intent is to provide readers with options to research further into topics not yet covered by English Wikipedia. The intent is ''not'' to catalogue every foreign-language article; while there is no general consensus when this template should be used, or what languages should be linked when an article missing in English is present in several other language Wikipedias, more than 2 or 3 links are rarely needed.

This template adds additional links to one or more foreign-language Wikipedias to the end of a [[WP:RED|red link]] in order to both provide readers additional information provided by those languages and give editors additional resources when starting a new article on the topic. If and when an article on the red-linked topic is created, this template will only show the normal blue link to the page (i.e. the foreign-language links will be removed); the template can then be replaced by the [[H:WIKILINK|standard wikilink]], either manually or by [[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/Cewbot|a bot account]].

Alternatively, the template provides a link to [[WP:WD|WikiData]].{{efn|See the {{para|qid}} parameter. This functionality previously existed as its own separate template, {{tl|Interlanguage link Wikidata}}.}}

This template should not be used when an article on a topic already exists, {{em|except}} when the link is a [[WP:redirect|redirect]] pointing to an article that [[:Category:Redirects with possibilities|potentially could be changed]] into its own article. See {{slink||Limitations and known issues}} for other restrictions and caveats.

==Usage==
:''Note: all examples on this page will use {{tnull|ill}}, the main [[Wikipedia:Shortcut|template shortcut]] for this template''

{{t|ill}} takes at a minimum two parameters (the &quot;Basic syntax&quot;) for linking to a single foreign language, but it can be expanded to include multiple languages (see {{section link|List_of_Wikipedias#Wikipedia_editions}} for the full list of codes). Formatting of the link (e.g. bold, italics, quotes) and display options (e.g. [[WP:PIPE|piping links]]) are described in the {{slink||Parameters}} and {{slink||Examples}} sections below.

;Basic syntax (one language, same title):
:{{tlc|ill|''English article title'' |''language code''}}

When only a single foreign language link is required and the title at the target language is the same as in English, all that is required in the template is the name of the article and the language code. For example, the German rapper Estikay does not have an article on the English Wikipedia but there is one on the German Wikipedia; to indicate that we would use {{tlc|ill|Estikay|de|_show_result=yes}}.

;Basic syntax (one language, different title)
:{{tlc|ill|''English article title''|''language code''|''title in foreign language''}}

When only a single foreign language link is required, but the title at the target language is {{em|not}} the same as in English, the title of the foreign language article needs to be included. This often occurs an article title contains a word that would normally be translated, for example {{tlc|ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|_show_result=yes}}.

;Two (or more) languages, same title
:&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;ill|''English article title''|''language 1 code''||''language 2 code''||''language 3 code''||...}}&lt;/code&gt;

If there are two or more languages using the same title as the proposed English redlink, the foreign language names are not required. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ill|Margarita Cueto|ca||es||pt}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → {{ill|Margarita Cueto|ca||es||pt}}

Note: Redirects appear as blue links while foreign-language links are still shown. For example, {{-r|casa}} is a redirect and thus &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ill|casa|es||it||ro}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → {{ill|casa|es||it||ro}}.

;Two (or more) languages, different title
:{{tlc|ill|''English article title''|''language 1 code''|''Title in language 1''|''language 2 code''|''Title in language 2''|...}}
If there are two or more languages, but with a different title as the proposed English redlink, the foreign language names are required {{tlc|ill|Ropsha Palace|de|Ropscha-Palast|fr|Palais de Ropcha|ru|Ропшинский дворец|_show_result=yes}}

=== Alternatives ===
Please see [[Help:Interlanguage links#Inline links]] for several ways you can add interlanguage links, of which this template is only one method, albeit the recommended one.

For use at the top of a section in the role where a {{t|Further}} link might normally be used, the template {{t|Further ill}} is available with similar functionality to this template for linking foreign Wikipedia articles.

==Parameters==
Parameters for this template come in four groups:
* A: one parameter (always required) to specify the page title of the (as yet) non-existent article in English; this normally appears as a [[WP:Red link|red link]]
* B: parameters specifying the foreign Wikipedia page(s), either by [[meta:Table of Wikimedia projects|Wikipedia language code]] and pagename (these come in pairs), or by a [[Wikidata item|wikidata id]] (a single id may link many foreign Wikipedia pages)
* C: optional link text, for altering what text is used for the link
* D: optional stylistic parameters, for modifying how the link (or links) appear on the page

'''group A''' – a '''page title''' of a proposed new article for English Wikipedia; should comply with [[WP:Article title]] policy.
* {{para|1}} – the proposed page title. This must be a [[WP:RED|red link]] or a [[Template:R with possibilities|redirect with possibilities]]. (If it isn't, do not use this template.) '''Required.'''
{{anchor|paired positional parameters}}
'''group B''' – specification of corresponding foreign Wikipedia page(s); up to 16 pairs of ''lang-code + page-title'', or else a single [[Wikidata item|wikidata id]]. Either qid *or* positional param {{para|2}} '''must''' be specified.
* '''Paired positional params''' {{para|2}} and {{para|3}}, through {{para|32}} and {{para|33}}; the second item of each pair may be empty if the foreign pagename is the same as the param 1:
** &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;3&lt;/code&gt; – the [[m:Template:List of language names ordered by code|language code]] and page to link to article(s) on [[List of Wikipedias|foreign Wikipedia]](s). '''Required''' unless {{para|qid}} is used.
** &lt;code&gt;4&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;5&lt;/code&gt; – a second lang-code and page to link to on a foreign wikipedia. Optional. If 5 is missing, it takes the value of param 1.
** &lt;code&gt;6&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;7&lt;/code&gt; – a third lang-code/page pair, to link a foreign Wikipedia article. Optional. If 7 is missing, it takes the value of param 1.
**: and so on, up through:
** &lt;code&gt;32&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;33&lt;/code&gt; – last lang-code + page pair, to link one foreign Wikipedia article. Optional. If 33 is missing, it takes the value of param 1
* or '''Wikidata id''' – use of this parameter overrides any positional parameters:
** {{anchor|qid}} {{para|qid}} – the [[Wikipedia:Wikidata#Access from Wikipedia|Wikidata item identifier]] corresponding to existing article(s) on other Wikipedias. The qid param replaces all of the paired parameters listed above in this group. See [[Wikipedia:Finding a Wikidata ID]] for help in locating a qid from an existing Wikipedia article that is linked from Wikidata. Alternatively, you can search for a qid directly at Wikidata by using the search box at the top of any Wikidata page and searching for a likely label, like [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=Basil+of+Luni&amp;language=en&amp;title=Special%3ASearch&amp;ns0=1 this ''Basil of Luni'' search]. The qid should appear in the search results.

'''group C''' – '''altering link text''' changing the text of the link (named param, optional):
* {{para|lt|...}} – turns the red English link into a [[WP:PIPE|piped link]] using the given text; ('lt' stands for &quot;link text&quot;. There is no long form, i.e. you cannot use {{para|link text}}).

'''group D''' – '''stylistic parameters''' for formatting the output (all named params, and all optional):
* {{para|italics|yes}} – italicizes the display text (but not the language links) (Alias: &lt;code&gt;italic&lt;/code&gt;)
* {{para|quote|yes}} – embed the linked param 1 article name in double quotes (language links remain outside) (Alias: &lt;code&gt;quotes&lt;/code&gt;)
* {{para|nobold|yes}} – force language links to be [[font weight|normal weight]], even if the template is embedded in a line of bolded text
* {{para|valign|...}} – values: {{pval|sub}} (below the baseline), {{pval|sup}} (above the baseline), or {{pval|ib}} (none). (Alias: &lt;code&gt;v&lt;/code&gt;)
* {{para|preserve|yes}} – force language links to display even if param 1 points to an existing article (Alias: &lt;code&gt;display&lt;/code&gt;)
* {{anchor|short}}{{para|short|yes}} – when {{para|qid}} is in use, shorten the link from '[{{blue|wikidata}}]' to just '[{{blue|wd}}]'. (Alias: &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;)

==Examples==
===Altering link text===
To create a [[WP:piped link|piped link]] (text displayed that is different from the title of the page to which the text links), use the {{para|lt}} parameter (for '''l'''ink '''t'''ext). This is mainly useful if [[WP:disambiguation|disambiguation]] is necessary, but can be used for any reason where a piped link would make sense.
*{{tlc|ill|David Cannon McConnel|lt{{=}}David|qid{{=}}Q21536696}} (used in the phrase &quot;David and Mary McConnel&quot; in [[Bulimba House]])
*{{tlc|ill|Capture of Berlin (1813)|lt{{=}}1813 Capture of Berlin|ru|Атака Берлина отрядами Чернышёва и Теттенборна (1813)|_show_result=yes}}
*{{tlc|ill|Takashi Onishi (scientist)|lt{{=}}Takashi Onishi|ja|大西隆|_show_result=yes}} ([[Takashi Onishi]] is a football player)
*{{tlc|ill|Yuri Smirnov (physicist)|lt{{=}}Yuri Smirnov|ru|Смирнов, Юрий Николаевич (физик)|_show_result=yes}} ([[Yuri Smirnov]] is a disambiguation page)
*{{tlc|ill|Grünbein (Argentine town)|es|Grünbein|lt{{=}}Grünbein|_show_result=yes}}

In the last example above, a disambiguator is added because {{-r|Grünbein}} is a redirect, and while (like {{-r|casa}}) this will still show the language codes as {{ill|Grünbein|es}}, the redirect points to [[Durs Grünbein]] which is entirely unrelated to the Argentine town. [[MOS:CIRCULAR|Circular redirects]] are another redirect case where it may make more sense to artificially create a redlink until such time as the redirect can be converted into an article, though this is not required; see {{slink||Circular redirects}} below for more information and an example.

===Stylistic parameters===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Parameter !! Code !! Output !! Remarks
|-
|italics || {{tlc|ill|Un papillon sur l'épaule|fr|italic{{=}}y}} || {{ill|Un papillon sur l'épaule|fr|italic=y}} || Target shows as a bluelink but is a redirect so will still display language links
|-
|quote || {{tlc|ill|Maman ne le sait pas|fr|quote{{=}}y}} || {{ill|Maman ne le sait pas|fr|quote=y}} || If both this and {{para|italics}} are used, the quotes will not be italicised
|-
|nobold || &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;'''{{ill|Ropsha Palace|de|Ropscha-Palast|fr|Palais de Ropcha|nobold=y}}'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; || '''{{ill|Ropsha Palace|de|Ropscha-Palast|fr|Palais de Ropcha|nobold=y}}''' || Appears as '''{{ill|Ropsha Palace|de|Ropscha-Palast|fr|Palais de Ropcha}}''' if {{para|nobold}} is not used
|-
|valign 
|{{tlc|ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|valign{{=}}sub}}&lt;br&gt;{{tlc|ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|valign{{=}}sup}}&lt;br&gt;{{tlc|ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|valign{{=}}ib}}
| {{ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|valign=sub}}&lt;br&gt;{{ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|valign=sup}}&lt;br&gt;{{ill|Hooglede town hall|nl|Gemeentehuis van Hooglede|valign=ib}}
| {{para|valign|sup}} is discouraged as it may be confused with a [[Help:Footnotes|footnote]].&lt;br&gt;{{para|valign|ib}} is for use in infoboxes to avoid the link being too small
|-
|preserve || {{tlc|ill|Joke|fr|Blague|hu|Vicc|de|Witz|display{{=}}1}} || {{ill|Joke|fr|Blague|hu|Vicc|de|Witz|display=1}} || Since [[Joke]] exists, this would normally appear as {{ill|Joke|fr|Blague|hu|Vicc|de|Witz}}
|-
|qid/short || {{tlc|ill|Basil of Luni|qid{{=}}Q3635819}}&lt;br&gt;{{tlc|ill|Basil of Luni|qid{{=}}Q3635819|short{{=}}yes}} || {{ill|Basil of Luni|qid=Q3635819}}&lt;br&gt;{{ill|Basil of Luni|qid=Q3635819|short=yes}} || Per [[Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style/Archive_204#New_RFC_on_linking_to_Wikidata|this 2018 RFC]], '''do not''' place WikiData links in the main body of articles.
|}

==WikiData==
{{main|Wikipedia:WikiData}}

This template can either supply one or more links to foreign-language articles '''or''' a single WikiData link (using the {{para|qid}} parameter detailed above).

; When and where to supply a WikiData link?
Add a WikiData link to a concept where no quality article could be found in any language, but normally only through InfoBoxes or similar templates. WikiData links are also useful for red link lists in user or project space, and for identification purposes and to establish the initial connection to an already established piece of infrastructure elsewhere. 

; When and where not to supply a WikiData link?
When several foreign-language articles about a subject exists, the general reader is much better served by you hand-picking a few quality articles, than by a WikiData link. Remember, this template is not intended to supplant the existing interlanguage link functionality ([[WP:ILLSIDEBAR]]): most readers are much more at ease with the idea to visit a foreign-language article and then using the language sidebar or drop-down to find every language covering a subject, than to navigate the WikiData user interface.

==Limitations and known issues==
=== Automated removal ===
You can remove the template when a red link turns blue, and it is no longer needed. However, there is no need to remember to do so, because [[:User:Cewbot|Cewbot]] does this automatically for you, replacing the template with a plain wikilink.

A possible downside of removing the template is loss of linkage to foreign articles in case the English Wikipedia article is later deleted. In that case, the blue wikilink will become a [[WP:REDLINK|red link]], where an {{t|ill}} template would re-emerge with visually apparent blue link(s) to foreign article(s).

{{Respond|orangeexclamation|Please be aware}} [[:User:Cewbot|Cewbot]] '''removes''' this template when it detects the target article has been created on English Wikipedia, converting {{tl|ill}} links to regular (blue) links.{{efn|name=preserve|Use {{para|preserve}} or its alias {{para|display}} to show the language links even if the English Wikipedia page exists. Using either parameter also eliminates the expensive parser function call. {{U|Cewbot}} will NOT convert this template into a regular link if either parameter is set. Cewbot will also not convert this template into a regular link if the English Wikipedia page exists but is a redirect back to the same page where the template appears; i.e. [[#Circular redirects]].}}

=== Circular redirects ===
If the topic you are trying to provide interlanguage links for already exists on English Wikipedia as a redirect, '''and this redirect points back to the article you are trying to edit''', this template might [[WP:ASTONISH|astonish]] readers; they expect a blue link to lead to an English-language article, but all they get is the same page reloaded. Attempts have been made for the {{tl|Interlanguage link}} template to automatically detect this, but currently none are functional. {{slink|Help:Interlanguage links#Inline links}} has other linking options, but if this template is to be used, the best option is to artificially create a red link using a reasonable disambiguator. 

For example, {{-r|Helen Reef}} points to [[Hatohobei]], so instead of using {{ill|Helen Reef|be|Хелен|fr|Helen Reef|nl|Helen Reef}} on the Hatohobei page it may be better to use {{ill|Helen Reef (atoll)|lt=Helen Reef|be|Хелен|fr|Helen Reef|nl|Helen Reef}}, where the editor has made up a new red link target: [[Helen Reef (atoll)]] - this phrasing should tell other editors what subject the link is intended to cover if and when created. Please use these two versions of the Hatohobei article to compare: [[Special:PermaLink/1339802168#Islands|version with a circular redirect]] ({{cross}} avoid) and [[Special:PermaLink/1339990136#Islands|version with an artificial red link]] ({{tick}} better). Do note that if an article about the atoll is written, either the artificial red link will need to be created as a redirect or the [[Hatohobei]] article will need to be edited to convert the {{tlc|ill}} call into a regular wikilink.

In other words, there is no perfect solution; if the circular redirect is avoided, manual editing will be necessary if and when that redirect is expanded into a proper article, regardless of whether this template or another method is used.

Interlanguage links that are circular redirects are not converted by [[:User:Cewbot|Cewbot]] into regular links.

=== Expensive parser call ===
{{Main|Help:Template limits#Expensive parser function calls}}

Avoid filling an article with dozens or hundreds of instances of this template. See {{slink||Alternatives}} for alternative ways to display interlanguage links that avoids articles that mostly consist of {{tl|ill}} links.

=== In other Wikipedias ===
The Manual of Style in Spanish Wikipedia, and perhaps others, deprecates interlanguage links in live articles, and therefore the local version of this template ([[:es:Plantilla:ill]]) is disabled for main (article) space. It still works for discussion pages, for example.

=== Interactions with other templates ===
In the [[Wikipedia:main namespace|main namespace]], when using this template with the &lt;code&gt;{{t|lang}}&lt;/code&gt; template, use &lt;code&gt;|cat=no&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;|nocat=yes&lt;/code&gt; to remove the hidden category that &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; creates.
:{{cross}} &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ill|Machsor Lipsiae|de|lt={{lang|he-LA|Machsor Lipsiae}}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:{{tick}} &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ill|Machsor Lipsiae|de|lt={{lang|he-LA|Machsor Lipsiae|cat=no}}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:{{tick}} &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ill|Machsor Lipsiae|de|lt={{lang|he-LA|Machsor Lipsiae|nocat=yes}}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

This template '''should not be used in [[WP:Citation templates|citation templates]]''' such as [[Help:Citation Style 1|Citation Style 1]] and [[Help:Citation Style 2|Citation Style 2]], because it includes markup that will pollute the [[COinS]] metadata they produce; see [[Wikipedia:COinS]].

=== Non-existent foreign article ===
On Wikipedia, links to non-existent pages {{em|normally}} show as [[WP:REDLINK|red links]]. However, this functionality only works within the Wikipedia site you're viewing. There is no way for this template, or any code on Wikipedia, to check [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|whether an article on another language's Wikipedia exists]]. Links to all foreign-language articles, including non-existent foreign-language articles, show as blue links when constructed. For example, both &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[:fr:Maman ne le sait pas|Maman ne le sait pas]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → [[:fr:Maman ne le sait pas|Maman ne le sait pas]] (exists) and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[:fr:no such article|no such article]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → [[:fr:no such article|no such article]] (does not exist) display in the same blue color. 

In other words, editors should take care to ensure the language codes they use actually correspond to an existing article; {{tlc|ill|no such article|fr|_show_result=yes}} does no one any good.

==TemplateData==
{{collapse top|[[Wikipedia:TemplateData|TemplateData]] documentation used by [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] and other tools}}
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Article name&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Name of the English Wikipedia page, or suggested name if the page does not exist&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-page-name&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;1st language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 1st page in another language (Note: the 1st language code is required, unless param 'qid' is present)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;1st page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 1st other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;4&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;2nd language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 2nd page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;5&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;2nd page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 2nd other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;6&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;3rd language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 3rd page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;7&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;3rd page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 3rd other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;8&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;4th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 4th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;9&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;4th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 4th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;10&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;5th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 5th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;11&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;5th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 5th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;12&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;6th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 6th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;13&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;6th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 6th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;14&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;7th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 7th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;15&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;7th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 7th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;16&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;8th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 8th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;17&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;8th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 8th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;18&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;9th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 9th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;19&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;9th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 9th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;20&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;10th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 10th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;21&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;10th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 10th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;22&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;11th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 11th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;23&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;11th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 11th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;24&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;12th language code&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Language code for the 12th page in another language&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;25&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;12th page&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Title of the page in the 12th other language, if not the same as the English Wikipedia page&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;
		},
		&quot;lt&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Link text&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Text displayed for the link to the English Wikipedia article, if not the same as the article title. NOTE: this parameter begins with an lowercase \&quot;L\&quot;, not an uppercase \&quot;i\&quot;.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;English Wikipedia article title&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;qid&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Wikidata item&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Wikidata item of the article. Replaces links to pages in other languages. (Note: either the 'qid', or the 1st language code is required; pick one, but not both.)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;
		},
		&quot;short&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Short Wikidata link text&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;If anything is set for this, Wikidata item link is displayed as 'd'&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;s&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;nobold&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;No bold (or italic)&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Entering any value will force links to other-language pages, Wikidata and the interlanguage links to force non-bold and non-italic text. &quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;
		},
		&quot;preserve&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Preserve&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;If anything is set for this, forces links to pages in other languages and projects to always display even if the English Wikipedia article exists&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;display&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;italic&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Italicize&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;If anything is set for this, puts italicization markup around the text to be linked, without including the inter-language links within the italics&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;italics&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;
		},
		&quot;vertical-align&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Vertical alignment&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Alters the position of language links from baseline, to superscript ('sup') or subscript ('sub') position. It can also prevent the font size of the language links from being reduced when used in infoboxes, by entering 'ib'.&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;valign&quot;,
				&quot;v&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;baseline&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;sup&quot;,
				&quot;sub&quot;,
				&quot;ib&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;quote&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Quote&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;If anything is set for this, puts double quotation marks around the text to be linked. The quotation marks won't be linked, and the inter-language links will be outside the quotation marks.&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;quotes&quot;
			],
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;yes&quot;
			]
		}
	},
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Link to other Wikipedias or Wikidata if an article in the English Wikipedia doesn't exist.&quot;,
	&quot;paramOrder&quot;: [
		&quot;1&quot;,
		&quot;lt&quot;,
		&quot;2&quot;,
		&quot;3&quot;,
		&quot;4&quot;,
		&quot;5&quot;,
		&quot;6&quot;,
		&quot;7&quot;,
		&quot;8&quot;,
		&quot;9&quot;,
		&quot;10&quot;,
		&quot;11&quot;,
		&quot;12&quot;,
		&quot;13&quot;,
		&quot;14&quot;,
		&quot;15&quot;,
		&quot;16&quot;,
		&quot;17&quot;,
		&quot;18&quot;,
		&quot;19&quot;,
		&quot;20&quot;,
		&quot;21&quot;,
		&quot;22&quot;,
		&quot;23&quot;,
		&quot;24&quot;,
		&quot;25&quot;,
		&quot;qid&quot;,
		&quot;short&quot;,
		&quot;preserve&quot;,
		&quot;nobold&quot;,
		&quot;italic&quot;,
		&quot;vertical-align&quot;,
		&quot;quote&quot;
	]
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;
{{collapse bottom}}

==Tracking categories==
* {{clc|Interlanguage link template existing link}}
* {{clc|Interlanguage link template forcing interwiki links}}
* {{clc|Interlanguage link template to be checked}}
* {{clc|Pages calling interlanguage link with many languages}}
* {{clc|Pages using interlanguage link with no language parameter}}
* {{clc|Pages using interlanguage link with unknown parameters}}

==Merged here==
After [[WP:Templates for discussion/Log/2015 March 8#Template:Interlanguage link multi|a merge discussion]], five other templates were merged into this template, and thus this template contains all of their features.

*'''{{tl|Interlanguage link}}'''
*{{tl|Interlanguage link forced}}
*{{tl|Interlanguage link multi}}
*{{tl|Interlanguage link Wikidata}}
*{{tl|Link-interwiki}}
*{{tl|Red Wikidata link}}

==See also==
*{{§l|Help:Interlanguage links|Inline links}} for general inline linking to other language Wikipedias
*{{tl|Wikidata fallback link}} which provides some functionality similar to {{para|qid}} in this template
*{{tl|Further ill}}, a mashup of {{tl|Further}} and {{tl|ill}} for section header links
*{{Tl|Interwiki link}}, for use in discussions and documentation
*[[User:Cobaltcigs/IllWill]] – a tool that assists in finding interlanguage links

==Notes==
{{noteslist}}
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Internal link templates]]
[[Category:Interwiki link templates]]
[[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cnos1xojxl6axc5kbqqlfkf6ddygzhp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Langr</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157730</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T04:59:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang|{{{fn|lang}}}|i=unset}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157730</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="107" sha1="cgjggyltqux85lhhivealca1gcsndq7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Lang|{{{fn|lang}}}|i=unset}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cgjggyltqux85lhhivealca1gcsndq7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Langr/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157731</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:00:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{tsh|langr|lang roman}} {{Lua|Module:Lang}} {{Language templates}} An alias for {{tlx|lang|italic{{=}}unset}}.  &lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other|| [[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]] [[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]] [[Category:Language tag handling templates]] }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157731</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="337" sha1="5gm1e19qqvy4n23p6s75zgjdzdq47jj" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{tsh|langr|lang roman}}
{{Lua|Module:Lang}}
{{Language templates}}
An alias for {{tlx|lang|italic{{=}}unset}}.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
[[Category:Language tag handling templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5gm1e19qqvy4n23p6s75zgjdzdq47jj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Wikt-lang</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33521</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157732</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:02:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|i={{{italics|{{{italic|{{{i}}}}}}}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157732</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="245" sha1="rgjohtsyzijx95ntpv60mdex76wi6xf" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|i={{{italics|{{{italic|{{{i}}}}}}}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>rgjohtsyzijx95ntpv60mdex76wi6xf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Wikt-lang/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157733</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:02:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{High-use}} {{tsh|wktl}} {{Lua|Module:Wikt-lang}} {{Language templates}} &lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;  {{tlb|Wikt-lang}} generates a link to the correct section of the corresponding [[Wiktionary]] entry by automatically determining the correct English Wiktionary entry by removing italics or bolding, and removing or replacing Diacr...'</comment>
      <origin>157733</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4852" sha1="c905kmk2f7vh0nvjv8tuobm2n7m1mar" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{High-use}}
{{tsh|wktl}}
{{Lua|Module:Wikt-lang}}
{{Language templates}}
&lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;

{{tlb|Wikt-lang}} generates a link to the correct section of the corresponding [[Wiktionary]] entry by automatically determining the correct English Wiktionary entry by removing italics or bolding, and removing or replacing [[Diacritic|diacritical]] marks and letters that are not used in entry names on English Wiktionary.

It also adds italics for languages that use the Latin alphabet (see [[MOS:FOREIGNITALIC]]). Italics cannot be turned {{em|on}} for languages that use a non-Latin script, but they can be turned {{em|off}} by using the parameter {{para|i|-}}. This is useful in tables, where italics are often unnecessary.

The template will also link to the Wiktionary [[Wikt:Wiktionary:Reconstructed terms|''Reconstruction:'' namespace]], where entries on reconstructed languages are placed, or to the [[Wikt:Help:Appendices|''Appendix:'' namespace]], where some constructed languages have their entries (such as [[Lojban]]), if there is data for them in the module, [[Module:Wikt-lang]], at [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]].

== Usage ==
This template takes a language code and one or two words, and generates a link to the correct section of the corresponding Wiktionary entry. If two words are provided, it is like a [[Wikipedia:Piped link|piped link]]: the first word is the entry name, while the second serves as link text.

* {{Tlx|Wikt-lang|&lt;lang code&gt;|&lt;Wiktionary entry&gt;|&lt;Text displayed&gt;|i}}

The text will be italicized if the text consists of Latin letters or the language code includes the script code &lt;code&gt;Latn&lt;/code&gt;, unless italics are turned off with {{para|italics|-}} or {{para|i|-}}.

== Parameters ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Template parameters
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Parameter
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Description
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 1
| A code identifying the language of the text, in one of the following forms:
* an [[ISO 639]] [[List of ISO 639-2 codes|language code]] (2 or 3 letters),
* an ISO 639 language code and 4-letter [[ISO 15924]] script code, separated by a hyphen,
* a [[wikt:Wiktionary:Languages#Language codes|Wiktionary exceptional code]], or
* a Wikipedia code, consisting of an ISO 639 language code, an &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; and one or more private-use subtags, separated by hyphens, representing a language that hasn't been assigned a standard language subtag, such as &lt;code&gt;cel-x-proto&lt;/code&gt; ([[Proto-Celtic]]).
Region and variant subtags are not supported, as it is difficult to support both them and Wiktionary language tags that contain hyphens (such as &lt;code&gt;ine-pro&lt;/code&gt;).
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 2
| Entry to link to on Wiktionary.
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | 3
| Optional. Text displayed, if different from the term being linked to.
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | italic
| Optional. Use {{para|italic|no}} or {{para|italic|-}} to disable italicization of the text.
|}

===TemplateData===
{{Collapse top|title=[[Wikipedia:TemplateData|TemplateData]] documentation used by [[Wikipedia:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] and other tools}}
{{TemplateData header|noheader=1}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Language code&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;line&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;ISO 639 language code (2 or 3 letters) representing which language the text is in&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;'en', 'zh', 'fr', 'enm', 'la', 'sco', 'es'&quot;
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Wiktionary entry&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Entry to link to on Wiktionary&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;an apple a day keeps the doctor away&quot;
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Text displayed&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Text displayed, if different from the term being linked to&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;an apple a day&quot;
		},
		&quot;italic&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;italics&quot;,
				&quot;i&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Disable italics&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Whether to not italicize the text&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;no&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;format&quot;: &quot;inline&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;
{{Collapse bottom}}

== Examples ==
* {{Tlx|Wikt-lang|en|language|languages}} → {{Wikt-lang|en|language|languages}}
* {{Tlx|Wikt-lang|ru|язы́к}} → {{Wikt-lang|ru|язы́к}}
* {{Tlx|Wikt-lang|la|Latīnus|italic{{=}}no}} → {{Wikt-lang|la|Latīnus|italic=no}}
* {{Tlx|Wikt-lang|la|Latīnus|i{{=}}-}} → {{Wikt-lang|la|Latīnus|i=-}}

==Help==
If you try to use this template and get an error message, but can't figure out how to fix it, please go to [[Module talk:Wikt-lang]] and post a message about it.

==See also==
* {{tl|Linktext}}
* {{tl|Lang}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Wiktionary link templates]]
[[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>c905kmk2f7vh0nvjv8tuobm2n7m1mar</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Interwiki link</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33523</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157734</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:04:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|{{error|Template not for main article space!}}|[[:{{{1|}}}:{{{2|}}}|{{{1|}}}:{{lang|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}]]}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157734</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="204" sha1="470ae4wu96jekrdgu4a0tq8qj9hn7ou" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|{{error|Template not for main article space!}}|[[:{{{1|}}}:{{{2|}}}|{{{1|}}}:{{lang|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}]]}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>470ae4wu96jekrdgu4a0tq8qj9hn7ou</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Interwiki link/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33524</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157735</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:05:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}}  {{Shortcut|Template:IL|Template:Il}}  {{COinS safe|n}} {{Language templates}}  This template creates an [[Help:Interwiki linking|interwiki link]] in which the link target is marked up with the appropriate language code (and for right-to-left languages), for use in discussion pages, documentation, etc.   Avoid using when the link target is not in the language of the target wiki; e.g. for [[:de:A Christmas Carol]] or :de:C’est la v...'</comment>
      <origin>157735</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1594" sha1="n0z6k61eqdi2togs6b7o0bwd37uh4ic" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}

{{Shortcut|Template:IL|Template:Il}}

{{COinS safe|n}}
{{Language templates}}

This template creates an [[Help:Interwiki linking|interwiki link]] in which the link target is marked up with the appropriate language code (and for right-to-left languages), for use in discussion pages, documentation, etc. 

Avoid using when the link target is not in the language of the target wiki; e.g. for [[:de:A Christmas Carol]] or [[:de:C’est la vie]].

It is '''not for use in main article space''' and will throw an error message if it is used there.

It should also not be used for links to sister projects such as Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, etc.

== Usage ==

The markup:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Interwiki link|ca|Viquipèdia}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

produces the equivalent of:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[:ca:Viquipèdia|ca:{{lang|ca|Viquipèdia}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

and renders as:

{{Interwiki link|ca|Viquipèdia}}

----

The markup:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Interwiki link|hi|विकिपीडिया}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

produces the equivalent of:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[:hi:विकिपीडिया|hi:{{lang|hi|विकिपीडिया}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

and renders as:

{{Interwiki link|hi|विकिपीडिया}}

----

The markup:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Interwiki link|ar|ويكيبيديا}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

produces the equivalent of:

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[:ar:ويكيبيديا|ar:{{lang|ar|ويكيبيديا}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

and renders as:

{{Interwiki link|ar|ويكيبيديا}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line --&gt;

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>n0z6k61eqdi2togs6b7o0bwd37uh4ic</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Awrap</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157736</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:07:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;span class=&quot;avoidwrap&quot; style=&quot;display:inline-block;&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc page; interwikis go to Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157736</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="178" sha1="t0fisb4vbw5b9iv4j2xygm8zyci9s0r" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span class=&quot;avoidwrap&quot; style=&quot;display:inline-block;&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc page; interwikis go to Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t0fisb4vbw5b9iv4j2xygm8zyci9s0r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Awrap/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157737</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:07:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{COinS safe|n}}  &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{avoidwrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{awrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; avoids wrapping of specific text.  To achieve the opposite effect of &lt;code&gt;&amp;#123;&amp;#123;Avoid wrap&amp;#125;&amp;#125;&lt;/code&gt;, you can use {{tlx|wbr}}. For more...'</comment>
      <origin>157737</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4890" sha1="cez8bzef10nkdxt8uizzfogdp00cehc" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{COinS safe|n}}

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{avoidwrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{awrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; avoids wrapping of specific text.

To achieve the opposite effect of &lt;code&gt;&amp;#123;&amp;#123;Avoid wrap&amp;#125;&amp;#125;&lt;/code&gt;, you can use {{tlx|wbr}}. For more information about wrapping and breaking sentences, see [[Wikipedia:Line-break handling]].

== Usage ==
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|these words stay together}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|a, b, c, or d.}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| merry-go-round }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| [[4-part harmony]] }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| [[#Examples|Examples section]] }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

The template names {{tl|Nobr}} and {{tl|Nobreak}} are redirects that may be used instead of &quot;{{tlc|Avoid wrap|…}}&quot;.

=== Examples ===
{| class=wikitable
|&quot;&lt;code&gt;They held &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|10 kg (22 lb)}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in total.&lt;/code&gt;&quot;
&lt;br/&gt; May render like this:
:They held {{Avoid wrap|10 kg (22 lb)}} &lt;br/&gt;in total.
&lt;br/&gt; Or like this:
:They held &lt;br/&gt;10 kg (22 lb) in total.
&lt;br/&gt; But ''not'' render like this:
:They held 10 kg (22 &lt;br/&gt;lb) in total.

| &quot;&lt;code&gt;He encountered &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|a tiger}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in the woods.&lt;/code&gt;&quot;
&lt;br/&gt; May render like this:
:He encountered a tiger &lt;br/&gt;in the woods.
&lt;br/&gt; Or like this:
:He encountered &lt;br/&gt;a tiger in the woods.
&lt;br/&gt; But ''not'' like this:
:He encountered a &lt;br/&gt;tiger in the woods.
|}

=== Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes ===
This template may be used with {{tlx|Wbr}} and {{tlx|Spaces}} to control line-breaking in bulletless lists in infoboxes, to prevent wrapped long entries from being confused with multiple entries. See [[Template:Wbr/doc#Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes]] for details.

=== Handling equal-sign or bar ===
[[Help:Template|Templates]] have problems with parameter data that contains [[equal-sign]]s &quot;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or vertical bars &quot;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (pipes). Note that this does not apply if the equal-sign &quot;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or vertical bar &quot;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is inside a wikilink or another template.  In the case that there is a bare equal-sign &quot;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or vertical bar &quot;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, consider using {{tl|Nowrap begin}} + {{tl|Nowrap end}} instead. However, there are also other workarounds:

For text that includes an equal-sign &quot;=&quot;, precede the text with &lt;code&gt;1=&lt;/code&gt;, use a triple-brace unnamed parameter &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{{|=}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, or the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{=}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; template. For example:
:&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|&lt;/nowiki&gt;1=2 + 2 = 4}}&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|2 + 2 {{{|=}}} 4}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|2 + 2 {{=}} 4}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

which all render as this:
:{{Avoid wrap|1=2 + 2 = 4}}.

For text that includes a vertical bar &quot;|&quot;, escape the bar(s) with &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{pipe}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{abs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. For instance, put two bars &quot;|6|&quot; like this:
:&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|&lt;/nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;6&amp;amp;#124; &lt; 7}}&lt;/code&gt; &amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp; &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|{{pipe}}6{{pipe}} &lt; 7}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp; &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{avoid wrap|{{abs|6}} &lt; 7}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

Which renders this: 
:{{avoid wrap|&amp;#124;6&amp;#124; &lt; 7}}

== Technical details ==

The actual code that does the job is this [[HTML]] span tag that applies a class to the text inside the template:

:{{code|lang=html|1=&lt;span class=&quot;avoidwrap&quot; style=&quot;display:inline-block;&quot;&gt;This text will not wrap&lt;/span&gt;}}

When there is not enough remaining space on a line to fit the contents of such as block, it will be pushed to the next line in its entirety. However when the block in itself doesn't fit on a single line, line breaking still applies to the 'internal' text block. This is especially advantageous for mobile rendering where the available line width might be much smaller than on desktops and might require line breaks to make longer words or sections fit.

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;{
  &quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prevents word wraps (line breaks) within text or inside a link which contains spaces or hyphens (-).&quot;,
  &quot;params&quot;: {
    &quot;1&quot;: {
      &quot;label&quot;: &quot;Text&quot;,
      &quot;description&quot;: &quot;Text or link to be protected.&quot;,
      &quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
      &quot;required&quot;: true
    }
  }
}&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== See also ==
{{List of nowrap-like templates}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --&gt;
[[Category:Line-handling templates]]

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cez8bzef10nkdxt8uizzfogdp00cehc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Avoid wrap</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33527</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157738</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:09:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;span class=&quot;avoidwrap&quot; style=&quot;display:inline-block;&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc page; interwikis go to Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157738</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="178" sha1="t0fisb4vbw5b9iv4j2xygm8zyci9s0r" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span class=&quot;avoidwrap&quot; style=&quot;display:inline-block;&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc page; interwikis go to Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t0fisb4vbw5b9iv4j2xygm8zyci9s0r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Avoid wrap/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33528</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157739</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:10:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{COinS safe|n}}  &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{avoidwrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{awrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; avoids wrapping of specific text.  To achieve the opposite effect of &lt;code&gt;&amp;#123;&amp;#123;Avoid wrap&amp;#125;&amp;#125;&lt;/code&gt;, you can use {{tlx|wbr}}. For more...'</comment>
      <origin>157739</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4890" sha1="cez8bzef10nkdxt8uizzfogdp00cehc" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- Categories go where indicated at the bottom of this page, please; interwikis go to Wikidata (see also: [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{COinS safe|n}}

&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{avoidwrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{awrap}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; avoids wrapping of specific text.

To achieve the opposite effect of &lt;code&gt;&amp;#123;&amp;#123;Avoid wrap&amp;#125;&amp;#125;&lt;/code&gt;, you can use {{tlx|wbr}}. For more information about wrapping and breaking sentences, see [[Wikipedia:Line-break handling]].

== Usage ==
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|these words stay together}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|a, b, c, or d.}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| merry-go-round }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| [[4-part harmony]] }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap| [[#Examples|Examples section]] }}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

The template names {{tl|Nobr}} and {{tl|Nobreak}} are redirects that may be used instead of &quot;{{tlc|Avoid wrap|…}}&quot;.

=== Examples ===
{| class=wikitable
|&quot;&lt;code&gt;They held &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|10 kg (22 lb)}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in total.&lt;/code&gt;&quot;
&lt;br/&gt; May render like this:
:They held {{Avoid wrap|10 kg (22 lb)}} &lt;br/&gt;in total.
&lt;br/&gt; Or like this:
:They held &lt;br/&gt;10 kg (22 lb) in total.
&lt;br/&gt; But ''not'' render like this:
:They held 10 kg (22 &lt;br/&gt;lb) in total.

| &quot;&lt;code&gt;He encountered &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|a tiger}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in the woods.&lt;/code&gt;&quot;
&lt;br/&gt; May render like this:
:He encountered a tiger &lt;br/&gt;in the woods.
&lt;br/&gt; Or like this:
:He encountered &lt;br/&gt;a tiger in the woods.
&lt;br/&gt; But ''not'' like this:
:He encountered a &lt;br/&gt;tiger in the woods.
|}

=== Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes ===
This template may be used with {{tlx|Wbr}} and {{tlx|Spaces}} to control line-breaking in bulletless lists in infoboxes, to prevent wrapped long entries from being confused with multiple entries. See [[Template:Wbr/doc#Controlling line-breaking in infoboxes]] for details.

=== Handling equal-sign or bar ===
[[Help:Template|Templates]] have problems with parameter data that contains [[equal-sign]]s &quot;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or vertical bars &quot;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;&quot; (pipes). Note that this does not apply if the equal-sign &quot;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or vertical bar &quot;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;&quot; is inside a wikilink or another template.  In the case that there is a bare equal-sign &quot;&lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or vertical bar &quot;&lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt;&quot;, consider using {{tl|Nowrap begin}} + {{tl|Nowrap end}} instead. However, there are also other workarounds:

For text that includes an equal-sign &quot;=&quot;, precede the text with &lt;code&gt;1=&lt;/code&gt;, use a triple-brace unnamed parameter &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{{|=}}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, or the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{=}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; template. For example:
:&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|&lt;/nowiki&gt;1=2 + 2 = 4}}&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|2 + 2 {{{|=}}} 4}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|2 + 2 {{=}} 4}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

which all render as this:
:{{Avoid wrap|1=2 + 2 = 4}}.

For text that includes a vertical bar &quot;|&quot;, escape the bar(s) with &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{pipe}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{abs}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. For instance, put two bars &quot;|6|&quot; like this:
:&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|&lt;/nowiki&gt;&amp;amp;#124;6&amp;amp;#124; &lt; 7}}&lt;/code&gt; &amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp; &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Avoid wrap|{{pipe}}6{{pipe}} &lt; 7}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; &amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp; &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{avoid wrap|{{abs|6}} &lt; 7}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

Which renders this: 
:{{avoid wrap|&amp;#124;6&amp;#124; &lt; 7}}

== Technical details ==

The actual code that does the job is this [[HTML]] span tag that applies a class to the text inside the template:

:{{code|lang=html|1=&lt;span class=&quot;avoidwrap&quot; style=&quot;display:inline-block;&quot;&gt;This text will not wrap&lt;/span&gt;}}

When there is not enough remaining space on a line to fit the contents of such as block, it will be pushed to the next line in its entirety. However when the block in itself doesn't fit on a single line, line breaking still applies to the 'internal' text block. This is especially advantageous for mobile rendering where the available line width might be much smaller than on desktops and might require line breaks to make longer words or sections fit.

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;{
  &quot;description&quot;: &quot;Prevents word wraps (line breaks) within text or inside a link which contains spaces or hyphens (-).&quot;,
  &quot;params&quot;: {
    &quot;1&quot;: {
      &quot;label&quot;: &quot;Text&quot;,
      &quot;description&quot;: &quot;Text or link to be protected.&quot;,
      &quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
      &quot;required&quot;: true
    }
  }
}&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== See also ==
{{List of nowrap-like templates}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories go below this line, please; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --&gt;
[[Category:Line-handling templates]]

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cez8bzef10nkdxt8uizzfogdp00cehc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Title language</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33529</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157740</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:22:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{language|{{{lang|{{{code|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}}}|{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{NAMESPACE}}:|}}{{lang|{{{language|{{{lang|{{{code|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}|italic={{{italic|{{{italics|{{{i|}}}}}}}}}|nocat=y}}}}|{{Error|No language tag provided.}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157740</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="329" sha1="e225t6yl2tbq9oh4hfn5eqw9n4zbodp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{language|{{{lang|{{{code|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}}}|{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{NAMESPACE}}:|}}{{lang|{{{language|{{{lang|{{{code|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}|italic={{{italic|{{{italics|{{{i|}}}}}}}}}|nocat=y}}}}|{{Error|No language tag provided.}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>e225t6yl2tbq9oh4hfn5eqw9n4zbodp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Title language/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33530</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157741</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:22:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} {{Language templates}} {{tsh|titlelang}} This template puts appropriate language tags around the title of the page, in a similar way to [[Template:Lang]]. See {{Section link|Template:Lang/doc|Rationale}} for more information.  == TemplateData == {{TemplateData header}} &lt;templatedata&gt; { 	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Indicate that an article title belongs to a particular language. Allows browsers to correctly present and pronounce foreign-language t...'</comment>
      <origin>157741</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1342" sha1="aw98wegtg1xzroic3vz6d67kf5tnd2l" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
{{Language templates}}
{{tsh|titlelang}}
This template puts appropriate language tags around the title of the page, in a similar way to [[Template:Lang]]. See {{Section link|Template:Lang/doc|Rationale}} for more information.

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Indicate that an article title belongs to a particular language. Allows browsers to correctly present and pronounce foreign-language titles.&quot;,
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Language tag&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;A language tag, or an ISO 639 language code.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;fr&quot;,
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;language&quot;,
				&quot;lang&quot;,
				&quot;code&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;italic&quot;: {
			&quot;aliases&quot;: [
				&quot;italics&quot;,
				&quot;i&quot;
			],
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Italicize&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Italicizes the text&quot;,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;no&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;boolean&quot;
		}
	},
	&quot;format&quot;: &quot;inline&quot;
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

==Examples==
The following code tags an article title as French and italicizes it:

{{code|
&lt;nowiki&gt;{{title language|fr}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
}}

== See also ==
* [[List of ISO 639-1 codes]]
* [[Template:Italic title]]

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates]]
[[Category:Language tag handling templates]]
[[Category:Correct title templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>aw98wegtg1xzroic3vz6d67kf5tnd2l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157742</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:23:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '--[=[  Lua support for the {{lang}}, {{langx}}, {{lang-??}}, and {{transliteration}} templates and replacement of various supporting templates.   ]=]  require('strict');  local getArgs = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs; local unicode = require (&quot;Module:Unicode data&quot;);								-- for is_Latin() and is_rtl() local yesno = require ('Module:Yesno');  local sandbox = (mw.getCurrentFrame():getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '');		-- when called from a sandbox temp...'</comment>
      <origin>157742</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="94272" sha1="sat66ay8ip4lkteu26fyisgxmq85fer" xml:space="preserve">--[=[

Lua support for the {{lang}}, {{langx}}, {{lang-??}}, and {{transliteration}} templates and replacement of various supporting templates. 

]=]

require('strict');

local getArgs = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs;
local unicode = require (&quot;Module:Unicode data&quot;);								-- for is_Latin() and is_rtl()
local yesno = require ('Module:Yesno');

local sandbox = (mw.getCurrentFrame():getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '');		-- when called from a sandbox template or module load sandbox data and sandbox configuration

local lang_data =  mw.loadData ('Module:Lang/data' .. sandbox);					-- language name override and transliteration tool-tip tables
local lang_name_table = lang_data.lang_name_table;								-- language codes, names, regions, scripts, suppressed scripts
local lang_table = lang_data.lang_name_table.lang;
local lang_dep_table = lang_data.lang_name_table.lang_dep;
local script_table = lang_data.lang_name_table.script;
local region_table = lang_data.lang_name_table.region;
local variant_table = lang_data.lang_name_table.variant;
local suppressed_table = lang_data.lang_name_table.suppressed;
local override_table = lang_data.override;

local synonym_table = mw.loadData ('Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms');				-- ISO 639-2/639-2T code translation to 639-1 code

local cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Lang/configuration' .. sandbox);				-- for internationalization

local is_latn_data = mw.loadData ('Module:Lang/data/is latn data');
local sizeof_ranges_t = is_latn_data.sizeof_ranges_t;

local namespace = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace;							-- used for categorization

local content_lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage();
local this_wiki_lang_tag = content_lang.code;									-- get this wiki's language tag
local this_wiki_lang_dir = content_lang:getDir();								-- get this wiki's language direction

local initial_style_state;														-- set by lang_xx_normal() and lang_xx_italic()

local maint_cats = {};															-- maintenance categories go here
local maint_msgs = {};															-- and their messages go here


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ E R R O R _ S P A N &gt;--------------------------------------------------

]]

local function make_error_span (template, msg)
	return table.concat ({'&lt;span style=&quot;color:#d33&quot;&gt;', cfg.misc_text_t.error, ': ', template, msg, '&lt;/span&gt;'})
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S U B S T I T U T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Substitutes $1, $2, etc in &lt;message&gt; with data from &lt;data_t&gt;. Returns plain-text substituted string when
&lt;data_t&gt; not nil; returns &lt;message&gt; else.

]]

local function substitute (message, data_t)
	return data_t and mw.message.newRawMessage (message, data_t):plain() or message;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ E R R O R _ M S G &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Assembles an error message from template name, message text, help link, and error category.

]]

local function make_error_msg (msg, args_t, template)
	local category;
	local text;																	-- handle the oddity that is {{langx}}
	if cfg.templates_t.langxx == template then
		text = args_t.text or args_t[1];										-- for {{lang-xx}}
	else
		text = args_t.text or args_t[2];										-- for {{lang}}, {{langx}}, and {{transliteration}}
	end

	if cfg.templates_t.transliteration == template then
		category = cfg.make_error_msg_t.xlit_err_cat;
	else
		category = cfg.make_error_msg_t.lang_err_cat;
	end
	
	local category_link = ((0 == namespace or 10 == namespace) and not args_t.nocat) and substitute ('[[Category:$1]]', {category}) or '';
	return substitute ('[$1] &lt;span style=&quot;color:#d33&quot;&gt;$2: &amp;#x7B;{$3}}: $4 ([[:Category:$5|$6]])&lt;/span&gt;$7',	-- &amp;#x7B; prevents template name from being treated as a template call in certain situations
		{
		text or cfg.make_error_msg_t.undefined,
		cfg.misc_text_t.error,
		template,
		msg,
		category,
		cfg.misc_text_t.help,
		category_link
		})
end
	

--[[--------------------------&lt; P A R A M E T E R _ V A L I D A T E &gt;------------------------------------------

]]

local function parameter_validate (args_t, template)
	local err_msg = cfg.parameter_validate_t.invalid_param;

	if cfg.templates_t.lang == template then									-- for {{lang}}
		for param, _ in pairs (args_t) do
			if not cfg.known_params_t.params_lang_t[param] and					-- unique {{lang}} parameters
				 not cfg.known_params_t.common_params_all_t[param] then			-- common to all
					return substitute (err_msg, {param});						-- &lt;param&gt; not found so abandon
			end
		end
	elseif cfg.templates_t.langx == template then								-- for {{langx}}
		for param, _ in pairs (args_t) do
			if not cfg.known_params_t.params_langx_t[param] and					-- unique {{langx}} parameters
				not cfg.known_params_t.params_x_t[param] and					-- common to {{langx}} and {{lang-xx}}
				not cfg.known_params_t.common_params_all_t[param] then			-- common to all
					return substitute (err_msg, {param});						-- &lt;param&gt; not found so abandon
			end
		end
	elseif cfg.templates_t.langxx == template then								-- for {{lang-xx}}
		for param, _ in pairs (args_t) do
			if not cfg.known_params_t.params_lang_xx_t[param] and				-- unique {{lang-xx}} parameters
				not cfg.known_params_t.params_x_t[param] and					-- common to {{langx}} and {{lang-xx}}
				not cfg.known_params_t.common_params_all_t[param] then			-- common to all
					return substitute (err_msg, {param});						-- &lt;param&gt; not found so abandon
			end
		end
	end		
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

Returns true if argument is set; false otherwise. Argument is 'set' when it exists (not nil) or when it is not
an empty string.

]]

local function is_set (var)
	return not (var == nil or var == '');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N V E R T  _ I T A L I C S &gt;-------------------------------------------------

This function attempts to invert the italic markup a args.text by adding/removing leading/trailing italic markup
in args.text.  Like |italic=unset, |italic=invert disables automatic italic markup.  Individual leading/trailing
apostrophes are converted to their HTML numeric entity equivalent so that the new italic markup doesn't become
bold markup inadvertently.

Leading and trailing wiki markup is extracted from args.text into separate table elements.  Addition, removal,
replacement of wiki markup is handled by a string.gsub() replacement table operating only on these separate elements.
In the string.gsub() matching pattern, '.*' matches empty string as well as the three expected wiki markup patterns.

This function expects that markup in args.text is complete and correct; if it is not, oddness may result.

]]

local function invert_italics (source)
	local invert_pattern_table = {												-- leading/trailing markup add/remove/replace patterns
		[&quot;&quot;]=&quot;\'\'&quot;,															-- empty string becomes italic markup
		[&quot;\'\'&quot;]=&quot;&quot;,															-- italic markup becomes empty string
		[&quot;\'\'\'&quot;]=&quot;\'\'\'\'\'&quot;,												-- bold becomes bold italic
		[&quot;\'\'\'\'\'&quot;]=&quot;\'\'\'&quot;,												-- bold italic become bold
		};
	local seg = {};

	source = source:gsub (&quot;%f[\']\'%f[^\']&quot;, '&amp;#39;');							-- protect single quote marks from being interpreted as bold markup

	seg[1] = source:match ('^(\'\'+%f[^\']).+') or '';							-- get leading markup, if any; ignore single quote
	seg[3] = source:match ('.+(%f[\']\'\'+)$') or '';							-- get trailing markup, if any; ignore single quote

	if '' ~= seg[1] and '' ~= seg[3] then										-- extract the 'text' 
		seg[2] = source:match ('^\'\'+%f[^\'](.+)%f[\']\'\'+$')					-- from between leading and trailing markup
	elseif '' ~= seg[1] then
		seg[2] = source:match ('^\'\'+%f[^\'](.+)')								-- following leading markup
	elseif '' ~= seg[3] then
		seg[2] = source:match ('(.+)%f[\']\'\'+$')								-- preceding trailing markup
	else
		seg[2] = source															-- when there is no markup
	end

	seg[1] = invert_pattern_table[seg[1]] or seg[1];							-- replace leading markup according to pattern table
	seg[3] = invert_pattern_table[seg[3]] or seg[3];							-- replace leading markup according to pattern table

	return table.concat (seg);													-- put it all back together and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C &gt;------------------------------------------------

Validates |italic= or |italics= assigned values.

When |italic= is set and has an acceptable assigned value, return the matching CSS font-style property value or,
for the special case 'default', return nil.

When |italic= is not set, or has an unacceptable assigned value, return nil and a nil error message.

When both |italic= and |italics= are set, returns nil and a 'conflicting' error message.

The return value nil causes the calling lang, lang_xx, or xlit function to set args.italic according to the template's
defined default ('inherit' for {{lang}}, 'inherit' or 'italic' for {{lang-??}} depending on
the individual template's requirements, 'italic' for {{transliteration}}) or to the value appropriate to |script=, if set ({{lang}}
and {{lang-??}} only).

Accepted values and the values that this function returns are are:
	nil		-	when |italic= absent or not set; returns nil
	default	-	for completeness, should rarely if ever be used; returns nil
	yes		-	force args.text to be rendered in italic font; returns 'italic'
	no		-	force args.text to be rendered in normal font; returns 'normal'
	unset	-	disables font control so that font-style applied to text is dictated by markup inside or outside the template; returns 'inherit'
	invert	-	disables font control so that font-style applied to text is dictated by markup outside or inverted inside the template; returns 'invert'

]]

local function validate_italic (args)
	local properties = {[cfg.keywords_t.affirmative] = 'italic', [cfg.keywords_t.negative] = 'normal', [cfg.keywords_t.unset] = 'inherit', [cfg.keywords_t.invert] = 'invert', [cfg.keywords_t.default] = nil};
	
	local count = 0
	for _, arg in pairs {'italic', 'italics', 'i'} do
		if args[arg] then
			count = count + 1
		end
	end

	if count &gt; 1 then															-- return nil and an error message if more than one is set 
		return nil, cfg.validate_italic_t.multi_italic;
	end
	
	return properties[args.italic or args.italics or args.i], nil;				-- return an appropriate value and a nil error message
end


--[=[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ C A T _ A R G S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Default behavior of the {{lang}} and {{lang-??}} templates is to add categorization when the templates are used in main space.
This default functionality may be suppressed by setting |nocat=yes or |cat=no.  This function selects one of these two parameters
to control categorization.

Because having two parameters with 'opposite' names and 'opposite' values is confusing, this function accepts only affirmative
values for |nocat= and only negative values for |cat=; in both cases the 'other' sense (and non-sense) is not accepted and the
parameter is treated as if it were not set in the template.

Sets args.nocat to true if categorization is to be turned off; to nil if the default behavior should apply.

Accepted values for |nocat= are the text strings:
	'yes', 'y', 'true', 't', on, '1'		-- [[Module:Yesno]] returns logical true for all of these; false or nil else
for |cat=
	'no', 'n', 'false', 'f', 'off', '0'		-- [[Module:Yesno]] returns logical false for all of these; true or nil else

]=]

local function validate_cat_args (args)
	if not (args.nocat or args.cat) then										-- both are nil, so categorize
		return;
	end
	
	if false == yesno (args.cat) or true == yesno (args.nocat) then
		args.nocat = true;														-- set to true when args.nocat is affirmative; nil else (as if the parameter were not set in the template)
	else																		-- args.nocat is the parameter actually used.
		args.nocat = nil;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N _ A R R A Y &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Whether needle is in haystack.

]]

local function in_array (needle, haystack)
	if needle == nil then
		return false;
	end
	for n,v in ipairs (haystack) do
		if v == needle then
			return n;
		end
	end
	return false;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ I E T F _ T A G &gt;------------------------------------------------

Prettify IETF tags to use recommended subtag formats:
	code: lower case
	script: sentence case
	region: upper case
	variant: lower case
	private: lower case prefixed with -x-
	
]]

local function format_ietf_tag (code, script, region, variant, private)
	local out = {};

	if is_set (private) then
		return table.concat ({code:lower(), 'x', private:lower()}, '-');		-- if private, all other tags ignored
	end
	
	table.insert (out, code:lower());
	if is_set (script) then
		script = script:lower():gsub ('^%a', string.upper);
		table.insert (out, script);
	end

	if is_set (region) then
		table.insert (out, region:upper());
	end
	
	if is_set (variant) then
		table.insert (out, variant:lower());
	end
	
	return table.concat (out, '-');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ I E T F _ P A R T S &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Extracts and returns IETF language tag parts:
	primary language subtag (required) - 2 or 3 character IANA language code
	script subtag - four character IANA script code
	region subtag - two-letter or three digit IANA region code
	variant subtag - four digit or 5-8 alnum variant code; only one variant subtag supported
	private subtag - x- followed by 1-8 alnum private code; only supported with the primary language tag

in any one of these forms
	lang					lang-variant
	lang-script				lang-script-variant
	lang-region				lang-region-variant
	lang-script-region		lang-script-region-variant
	lang-x-private	
	
each of lang, script, region, variant, and private, when used, must be valid.

Languages with both two- and three-character code synonyms are promoted to the two-character synonym because
the IANA registry file omits the synonymous three-character code; we cannot depend on browsers understanding
the synonymous three-character codes in the lang= attribute.

For {{lang-??}} templates, the parameters |script=, |region=, and |variant= are supported (not supported in {{lang}}
because those parameters are superfluous to the IETF subtags in |code=).

Returns six  values; all lower case.  Valid parts are returned as themselves; omitted parts are returned as empty strings, invalid
parts are returned as nil; the sixth returned item is an error message (if an error detected) or nil.

See http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt section 2.1.
	
]]

local function get_ietf_parts (source, args_script, args_region, args_variant)
	local code, script, region, variant, private;								-- IETF tag parts

	if not is_set (source) then
		return nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.missing_lang_tag;
	end

	local pattern = {															-- table of tables holding acceptable IETF tag patterns and short names of the IETF part captured by the pattern
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%a%a)%-(%d%d%d%d)$', 's', 'r', 'v'}, 				-- 1 -  ll-Ssss-RR-variant (where variant is 4 digits)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%d%d%d)%-(%d%d%d%d)$', 's', 'r', 'v'},				-- 2 -  ll-Ssss-DDD-variant (where region is 3 digits; variant is 4 digits)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%a%a)%-(%w%w%w%w%w%w?%w?%w?)$', 's', 'r', 'v'},		-- 3 -  ll-Ssss-RR-variant (where variant is 5-8 alnum characters)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%d%d%d)%-(%w%w%w%w%w%w?%w?%w?)$', 's', 'r', 'v'},	-- 4 -  ll-Ssss-DDD-variant (where region is 3 digits; variant is 5-8 alnum characters)
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%d%d%d%d)$', 's', 'v'},						-- 5 -  ll-Ssss-variant (where variant is 4 digits)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%w%w%w%w%w%w?%w?%w?)$', 's', 'v'},			-- 6 -  ll-Ssss-variant (where variant is 5-8 alnum characters)
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a)%-(%d%d%d%d)$', 'r', 'v'},							-- 7 -  ll-RR-variant (where variant is 4 digits)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%d%d%d)%-(%d%d%d%d)$', 'r', 'v'},						-- 8 -  ll-DDD-variant (where region is 3 digits; variant is 4 digits)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a)%-(%w%w%w%w%w%w?%w?%w?)$', 'r', 'v'},				-- 9 -  ll-RR-variant (where variant is 5-8 alnum characters)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%d%d%d)%-(%w%w%w%w%w%w?%w?%w?)$', 'r', 'v'},				-- 10 - ll-DDD-variant (where region is 3 digits; variant is 5-8 alnum characters)
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%d%d%d%d)$', 'v'},										-- 11 - ll-variant (where variant is 4 digits)
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%w%w%w%w%w%w?%w?%w?)$', 'v'},							-- 12 - ll-variant (where variant is 5-8 alnum characters)
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%a%a)$', 's', 'r'},							-- 13 - ll-Ssss-RR
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)%-(%d%d%d)$', 's', 'r'},						-- 14 - ll-Ssss-DDD (region is 3 digits)
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a%a%a)$', 's'},										-- 15 - ll-Ssss
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%a%a)$', 'r'},											-- 16 - ll-RR
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-(%d%d%d)$', 'r'},											-- 17 - ll-DDD (region is 3 digits)
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)$'},														-- 18 - ll
		
		{'^(%a%a%a?)%-x%-(%w%w?%w?%w?%w?%w?%w?%w?)$', 'p'},						-- 19 - ll-x-pppppppp (private is 1-8 alnum characters)
		}

	local t = {};																-- table of captures; serves as a translator between captured IETF tag parts and named variables

	for i, v in ipairs (pattern) do												-- spin through the pattern table looking for a match
		local c1, c2, c3, c4;													-- captures in the 'pattern' from the pattern table go here
	
		c1, c2, c3, c4 = source:match (pattern[i][1]);							-- one or more captures set if source matches pattern[i])
			if c1 then															-- c1 always set on match
				code = c1;														-- first capture is always code
				t = {
					[pattern[i][2] or 'x'] = c2,								-- fill the table of captures with the rest of the captures
					[pattern[i][3] or 'x'] = c3,								-- take index names from pattern table and assign sequential captures
					[pattern[i][4] or 'x'] = c4,								-- index name may be nil in pattern[i] table so &quot;or 'x'&quot; spoofs a name for this index in this table
					};
				script = t.s or '';												-- translate table contents to named variables;
				region = t.r or '';												-- absent table entries are nil so set named IETF parts to empty string for concatenation
				variant= t.v or '';
				private = t.p or '';
				break;															-- and done
			end
	end

	if not code then
		return nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_tag, {source});	-- don't know what we got but it is malformed
	end

	code = code:lower();														-- ensure that we use and return lower case version of this
	
	if not (override_table[code] or lang_table[code] or synonym_table[code] or lang_dep_table[code]) then
		return nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_code, {code});		-- invalid language code, don't know about the others (don't care?)
	end

	if synonym_table[code] then													-- if 639-2/639-2T code has a 639-1 synonym
		table.insert (maint_cats, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.maint_promo_cat, {code}));
		table.insert (maint_msgs, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.maint_promo_msg, {code, synonym_table[code]}));
		code = synonym_table[code];												-- use the synonym
	end

	if is_set (script) then
		if is_set (args_script) then
			return code, nil, nil, nil, nil, cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.redundant_scr;	-- both code with script and |script= not allowed
		end
	else
		script = args_script or '';												-- use args.script if provided
	end 

	if is_set (script) then
		script = script:lower();												-- ensure that we use and return lower case version of this
		if not script_table[script] then
			return code, nil, nil, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_scr_code, {script, code});	-- language code OK, invalid script, don't know about the others (don't care?)
		end
	end
	if suppressed_table[script] then											-- ensure that code-script does not use a suppressed script
		if in_array (code, suppressed_table[script]) then
			return code, nil, nil, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.script_code, {script, code});	-- language code OK, script is suppressed for this code
		end
	end

	if is_set (region) then
		if is_set (args_region) then
			return code, nil, nil, nil, nil, cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.redundant_reg;	-- both code with region and |region= not allowed
		end
	else
		region = args_region or '';												-- use args.region if provided
	end 

	if is_set (region) then
		region = region:lower();												-- ensure that we use and return lower case version of this
		if not region_table[region] then
			return code, script, nil, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_reg_code, {region, code});
		end
	end
	
	if is_set (variant) then
		if is_set (args_variant) then
			return code, nil, nil, nil, nil, cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.redundant_var;	-- both code with variant and |variant= not allowed
		end
	else
		variant = args_variant or '';											-- use args.variant if provided
	end 

	if is_set (variant) then
		variant = variant:lower();												-- ensure that we use and return lower case version of this
		if not variant_table[variant] then										-- make sure variant is valid
			return code, script, region, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_var, {variant});
		end																		-- does this duplicate/replace tests in lang() and lang_xx()?
		if is_set (script) then													-- if script set it must be part of the 'prefix'
			if not in_array (table.concat ({code, '-', script}), variant_table[variant]['prefixes']) then
				return code, script, region, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_var_code_scr, {variant, code, script});
			end
		elseif is_set (region) then												-- if region set, there are some prefixes that require lang code and region (en-CA-newfound)
			if not in_array (code, variant_table[variant]['prefixes']) then		-- first see if lang code is all that's required (en-oxendict though en-GB-oxendict is preferred)
				if not in_array (table.concat ({code, '-', region}), variant_table[variant]['prefixes']) then		-- now try for lang code and region (en-CA-newfound)
					return code, script, region, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_var_code_reg, {variant, code, region});
				end
			end
		else																	-- cheap way to determine if there are prefixes; fonipa and others don't have prefixes; # operator always returns 0
			if variant_table[variant]['prefixes'][1] and not in_array (code, variant_table[variant]['prefixes']) then
				return code, script, region, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_var_code, {variant, code});
			end
		end
	end

	if is_set (private) then
		private = private:lower();												-- ensure that we use and return lower case version of this
		if not override_table[table.concat ({code, '-x-', private})] then		-- make sure private tag is valid; note that index 
			return code, script, region, nil, nil, substitute (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.unrecog_pri, {private});
		end
	end
	return code, script, region, variant, private, nil;							-- return the good bits; make sure that msg is nil
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; M A K E _ W I K I L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Makes a wikilink; when both link and display text is provided, returns a wikilink in the form [[L|D]]; if only
link is provided, returns a wikilink in the form [[L]]; if neither are provided or link is omitted, returns an
empty string.

]=]

local function make_wikilink (link, display)
	if is_set (link) then
		if is_set (display) then
			return table.concat ({'[[', link, '|', display, ']]'});
		else
			return table.concat ({'[[', link, ']]'});
		end
	else
		return '';
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D I V _ M A R K U P _ A D D &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Adds &lt;i&gt; and &lt;/i&gt; tags to list-item text or to implied &lt;p&gt;..&lt;/p&gt; text. Mixed not supported.

]]

local function div_markup_add (text, style)
	if text:find ('^\n[%*:;#]') then											-- look for list markup; list markup must begin at start of text
		if 'italic' == style then
			return text:gsub ('(\n[%*:;#]+)([^\n]+)', '%1&lt;i&gt;%2&lt;/i&gt;');			-- insert italic markup at each list item
		else
			return text;
		end
	end

	if text:find ('\n+') then													-- look for any number of \n characters in text
		text = text:gsub ('([^\n])\n([^\n])', '%1 %2');							-- replace single newline characters with a space character which mimics MediaWiki

		if 'italic' == style then
			text = text:gsub('[^\n]+', '&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;%1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;');						-- insert p and italic markup tags at each implied p (two or more consecutive '\n\n' sequences)
		else
			text = text:gsub ('[^\n]+', '&lt;p&gt;%1&lt;/p&gt;');							-- insert p markup at each implied p
			text = text:gsub ('\n', '');										-- strip newline characters
		end
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T I T L E _ W R A P P E R _ M A K E &gt;------------------------------------------

Makes a &lt;span title=&quot;&lt;title text&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;content_text&gt;&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;div title=&quot;&lt;title text&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;content_text&gt;&lt;/div&gt; where
&lt;title text&gt; is in the tool-tip in the wiki's local language and &lt;content_text&gt; is non-local-language text in
HTML markup.  This because the lang= attribute applies to the content of its enclosing tag.

&lt;tag&gt; holds a string 'div' or 'span' used to choose the correct wrapping tag.

]]

local function title_wrapper_make (title_text, content_text, tag)
	local wrapper_t = {};
	
	table.insert (wrapper_t, table.concat ({'&lt;', tag}));						-- open opening wrapper tag
	table.insert (wrapper_t, ' title=\&quot;');										-- begin title attribute
	table.insert (wrapper_t, title_text);										-- add &lt;title_text&gt;
	table.insert (wrapper_t, '\&quot;&gt;');											-- end title attribute and close opening wrapper tag
	table.insert (wrapper_t, content_text);										-- add &lt;content_text&gt;
	table.insert (wrapper_t, table.concat ({'&lt;/', tag, '&gt;'}));					-- add closing wrapper tag

	return table.concat (wrapper_t);											-- make a big string and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ T E X T _ H T M L &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Add the HTML markup to text according to the type of content that it is: &lt;span&gt; or &lt;i&gt; tags for inline content or
&lt;div&gt; tags for block content

The lang= attribute also applies to the content of the tag where it is placed so this is wrong because 'Spanish
language text' is English:
	&lt;i lang=&quot;es&quot; title=&quot;Spanish language text&quot;&gt;casa&lt;/i&gt;
should be:
	&lt;span title=&quot;Spanish language text&quot;&gt;&lt;i lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;casa&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
or for &lt;div&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;:
	&lt;div title=&quot;Spanish language text&quot;&gt;&lt;div lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;&lt;spanish-language-text&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

]]

local function make_text_html (code, text, tag, rtl, style, size, language)
	local html_t = {};
	local style_added = '';
	local wrapper_tag = tag;													-- &lt;tag&gt; gets modified so save a copy for use when/if we create a wrapper span or div

	if text:match ('^%*') then
		table.insert (html_t, '&amp;#42;');											-- move proto language text prefix outside of italic markup if any; use numeric entity because plain splat confuses MediaWiki
		text = text:gsub ('^%*', '');											-- remove the splat from the text
	end

	if 'span' == tag then														-- default HTML tag for inline content
		if 'italic' == style then												-- but if italic
			tag = 'i';															-- change to &lt;i&gt; tags
		end
	else																		-- must be div so go
		text = div_markup_add (text, style);									-- handle implied &lt;p&gt;, implied &lt;p&gt; with &lt;i&gt;, and list markup (*;:#) with &lt;i&gt;
	end

	table.insert (html_t, table.concat ({'&lt;', tag}));							-- open the &lt;i&gt;, &lt;span&gt;, or &lt;div&gt; HTML tag
	code = code:gsub ('%-x%-.*', '');											-- strip private use subtag from code tag because meaningless outside of Wikipedia
	table.insert (html_t, table.concat ({' lang=&quot;', code, '\&quot;'}));				-- add language attribute

	if (rtl or unicode.is_rtl(text)) and ('ltr' == this_wiki_lang_dir) then		-- text is right-to-left on a left-to-right wiki
		table.insert (html_t, ' dir=&quot;rtl&quot;');									-- add direction attribute for right-to-left languages
	elseif not (rtl or unicode.is_rtl(text)) and ('rtl' == this_wiki_lang_dir) then	-- text is left-to-right on a right-to-left wiki
		table.insert (html_t, ' dir=&quot;ltr&quot;');									-- add direction attribute for left-to-right languages
	end

	if 'normal' == style then													-- when |italic=no
		table.insert (html_t, ' style=\&quot;font-style: normal;');					-- override external markup, if any
		style_added = '\&quot;';														-- remember that style attribute added and is not yet closed
	end

	if is_set (size) then														-- when |size=&lt;something&gt;
		if is_set (style_added) then
			table.insert (html_t, table.concat ({' font-size: ', size, ';'}));	-- add when style attribute already inserted
		else
			table.insert (html_t, table.concat ({' style=\&quot;font-size: ', size, ';'}));	-- create style attribute
			style_added = '\&quot;';													-- remember that style attribute added and is not yet closed
		end
	end

	table.insert (html_t, table.concat ({style_added, '&gt;'}));					-- close the opening HTML tag
	table.insert (html_t, text);												-- insert the text

	table.insert (html_t, table.concat ({'&lt;/', tag, '&gt;'}));						-- close the 'text' &lt;i&gt;, &lt;span&gt;, or &lt;div&gt; HTML tag

	if is_set (language) then													-- create a &lt;title_text&gt; string for the title= attribute in a wrapper span or div
		local title_text;
			if 'zxx' == code then												-- special case for this tag 'no linguistic content'
				title_text = substitute ('$1 $2', {language, cfg.make_text_html_t.zxx});	-- not a language so don't use 'language' in title text
			elseif mw.ustring.find (language, 'languages', 1, true) then
				title_text = substitute ('$1 $2', {language, cfg.make_text_html_t.collective});	-- for collective languages
			else
				title_text = substitute ('$1-$2', {language, cfg.make_text_html_t.individual});	-- for individual languages
			end

		return title_wrapper_make (title_text, table.concat (html_t), wrapper_tag);
	else
		return table.concat (html_t);
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C A T E G O R Y &gt;----------------------------------------------------

For individual language, &lt;language&gt;, returns:
	[[Category:Articles containing &lt;language&gt;-language text]]

For English:
	[[Category:Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text]]
	
For ISO 639-2 collective languages (and for 639-1 bh):
	[[Category:Articles with text in &lt;language&gt; languages]]

]=]

local function make_category (code, language_name, nocat, name_get)
	if ((0 ~= namespace) or nocat) and not name_get then						-- only categorize in article space
		return '';																-- return empty string for concatenation
	end

	if mw.ustring.find (language_name, 'languages', 1, true) then
		return substitute ('[[$1 $2]]', {cfg.make_category_t.collective_cat, language_name});
	end
		
	if this_wiki_lang_tag == code then
		return substitute ('[[$1 $2 $3-$4]]', {									-- unique category name for the local language
			cfg.make_category_t.cat_prefix,
			cfg.make_category_t.explicit_cat,
			language_name,
			cfg.make_category_t.cat_postfix,
			});
	else
		return substitute ('[[$1 $2-$3]]', {									-- category for individual languages
			cfg.make_category_t.cat_prefix,
			language_name,
			cfg.make_category_t.cat_postfix,
			});
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ T R A N S L I T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Return translit &lt;i lang=xx-Latn&gt;...&lt;/i&gt; where xx is the language code; else return empty string.

The value |script= is not used in {{transliteration}} for this purpose; instead it uses |code.  Because language scripts
are listed in the {{transliteration}} switches they are included in the data tables.  The script parameter is introduced
at {{Language with name and transliteration}}.  If |script= is set, this function uses it in preference to code.

To avoid confusion, in this module and the templates that use it, the transliteration script parameter is renamed
to be |translit-script= (in this function, tscript).

This function is used by both lang_xx() and xlit()
	lang_xx() always provides code, language_name, and translit; may provide tscript; never provides style
	xlit() always provides language_name, translit, and one of code or tscript, never both; always provides style

For {{transliteration}}, style only applies when a language code is provided.

]]

local function make_translit (code, language_name, translit, std, tscript, style, engvar)
	local title_t = lang_data.translit_title_table;								-- table of transliteration standards and the language codes and scripts that apply to those standards
	local title_text = '';														-- tool tip text for title= attribute
	
	std = std and std:lower();													-- lower case for table indexing
	
	if not is_set (std) and not is_set (tscript) then							-- when neither standard nor script specified
		title_text = language_name;												-- write a generic tool tip
		if not mw.ustring.find (language_name, 'languages', 1, true) then		-- collective language names (plural 'languages' is part of the name)
			title_text = substitute ('$1-$2', {title_text, cfg.misc_text_t.language});	-- skip this text (individual and macro languages only)
		end
		title_text = substitute ('$1 $2', {title_text, mw.ustring.lower (cfg.engvar_t[engvar]['romanisz_lc'])});	-- finish the tool tip; use romanization when neither script nor standard supplied

	elseif is_set (std) and is_set (tscript) then								-- when both are specified
		if title_t[std] then													-- and if standard is legitimate
			if title_t[std][tscript] then										-- and if script for that standard is legitimate
				if script_table[tscript] then
					title_text = substitute ('$1$2 ($3 $4) $5', {				-- add the appropriate text to the tool tip
						title_text,
						title_t[std][tscript:lower()],
						script_table[tscript],
						cfg.make_translit_t.script,
						cfg.make_translit_t.transliteration,
						});
				else
					title_text = title_text .. title_t[std]['default'];			-- use the default if script not in std table; TODO: maint cat? error message because script not found for this standard?
				end
			else
				title_text = title_text .. title_t[std]['default'];				-- use the default if script not in std table; TODO: maint cat? error message because script not found for this standard?
			end
		else
			return '';															-- invalid standard, setup for error message
		end

	elseif is_set (std) then													-- translit-script not set, use language code
		if not title_t[std] then return ''; end									-- invalid standard, setup for error message
		
		if title_t[std][code] then												-- if language code is in the table (xlit may not provide a language code)
			local fmt_str = '$1$2 ($3 $4) $5';									-- generic format string for tool tip
			if language_name:match ('languages') then
				fmt_str = '$1$2 ($3) $5';										-- format string for collective languages tool tip
			end

			title_text = substitute (fmt_str, {									-- add the appropriate text to the tool tip
				title_text,
				title_t[std][code:lower()],
				language_name,
				cfg.misc_text_t.language,
				cfg.make_translit_t.transliteration,
				});
		else																	-- code doesn't match
			title_text = title_text .. title_t[std]['default'];					-- so use the standard's default
		end

	else																		-- here if translit-script set but translit-std not set
		if title_t['no_std'][tscript] then
			title_text = title_text .. title_t['no_std'][tscript];				-- use translit-script if set
		elseif title_t['no_std'][code] then
			title_text = title_text .. title_t['no_std'][code];					-- use language code
		else
			if is_set (tscript) then
				title_text = substitute ('$1$2-$3 $4', {						-- write a script tool tip
					title_text,
					language_name,
					cfg.make_translit_t.script,
					cfg.make_translit_t.transliteration,
					});

			elseif is_set (code) then
				if not mw.ustring.find (language_name, 'languages', 1, true) then	-- collective language names (plural 'languages' is part of the name)
					title_text = substitute ('$1-$2', {							-- skip this text (individual and macro languages only)
						title_text,
						cfg.misc_text_t.language,
						});
				end
					title_text = substitute ('$1 $2', {							-- finish the tool tip
						title_text,
						cfg.make_translit_t.transliteration,
						});
			else
					title_text = substitute ('$1 $2', {							-- generic tool tip (can we ever get here?)
						title_text,
						cfg.make_translit_t.transliteration,
						});
			end
		end
	end

	local tag
	if is_set (code) then														-- when a language code is provided (always with {{lang-??}} templates, not always with {{transliteration}})
		code = code:match ('^(%a%a%a?)');										-- strip all subtags leaving only the language subtag
		if not style then														-- nil for the default italic style
			tag = '&lt;i lang=&quot;%s-Latn&quot;&gt;%s&lt;/i&gt;'
		else
			tag = '&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: %s&quot; lang=&quot;%s-Latn&quot;&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;'		-- non-standard style, construct a span tag for it
			tag = string.format(tag, style, &quot;%s&quot;, &quot;%s&quot;)
		end
		tag = string.format(tag, code, &quot;%s&quot;)
	else
		tag = '&lt;span&gt;%s&lt;/span&gt;'													-- when no language code: no lang= attribute, not italic ({{transliteration}} only)
	end
	
	tag = string.format(tag, translit)											-- add the translit text
	if '' == title_text then													-- when there is no need for a tool-tip
		return tag;																-- done
	else
		title_text = cfg.engvar_sel_t.gb == engvar and title_text:gsub ('([Rr]omani)z', '%1s') or title_text;	-- gb eng when engvar specifies gb eng; us eng else
		return title_wrapper_make (title_text, tag, 'span');					-- wrap with a tool-tip span and done
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ T E X T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

This function checks the content of args.text and returns empty string if nothing is amiss else it returns an
error message. The tests are for empty or missing text and for improper or disallowed use of apostrophe markup.

Italic rendering is controlled by the |italic= template parameter so italic markup should never appear in args.text
either as ''itself'' or as '''''bold italic''''' unless |italic=unset or |italic=invert.

]]

local function validate_text (template, args)
	if not is_set (args.text) then
		return make_error_msg (cfg.validate_text_t.no_text, args, template);
	end

	if args.text:find (&quot;%f[\']\'\'\'\'%f[^\']&quot;) or args.text:find (&quot;\'\'\'\'\'[\']+&quot;) then	-- because we're looking, look for 4 appostrophes or 6+ appostrophes
		return make_error_msg (cfg.validate_text_t.malformed_markup, args, template);
	end

	local style = args.italic;

	if (cfg.keywords_t.unset ~= style) and (cfg.keywords_t.invert ~=style) then
		if args.text:find (&quot;%f[\']\'\'%f[^\']&quot;) or args.text:find (&quot;%f[\']\'\'\'\'\'%f[^\']&quot;) then	-- italic but not bold, or bold italic
			return make_error_msg (cfg.validate_text_t.italic_markup, args, template);
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R E N D E R _ M A I N T &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Render mainenance messages and categories.

]]

local function render_maint (nocat)
	local maint = {};
	
	if 0 &lt; #maint_msgs then														-- when there are maintenance messages
		table.insert (maint, table.concat ({'&lt;span class=&quot;lang-comment&quot; style=&quot;font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;&quot;&gt;'}));	-- opening &lt;span&gt; tag
		for _, msg in ipairs (maint_msgs) do
			table.insert (maint, table.concat ({msg, ' '}));					-- add message strings
		end
		table.insert (maint, '&lt;/span&gt;');										-- close the span
	end
	
	if (0 &lt; #maint_cats) and (0 == namespace) and not nocat then				-- when there are maintenance categories; article namespace only
		for _, cat in ipairs (maint_cats) do
			table.insert (maint, table.concat ({'[[Category:', cat, ']]'}));	-- format and add the categories
		end
	end
	
	return table.concat (maint);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P R O T O _ P R E F I X &gt;------------------------------------------------------

For proto languages, text is prefixed with a splat. We do that here as a flag for make_text_html() so that a splat
will be rendered outside of italic markup (if used). If the first character in text here is already a splat, we
do nothing.

proto_param is boolean or nil; true adds splat prefix regardless of language name; false removes and inhibits
regardless of language name; nil does nothing; presumes that the value in text is correct but removes extra splac.

]]

local function proto_prefix (text, language_name, proto_param)
	if false == proto_param then												-- when forced by |proto=no
		return text:gsub ('^%**', '');											-- return text without splat prefix regardless of language name or existing splat prefix in text
	elseif (language_name:find ('^Proto%-') or (true == proto_param)) then		-- language is a proto or forced by |proto=yes
		return text:gsub ('^%**', '*');											-- prefix proto-language text with a splat; also removes duplicate prefixing splats
	end
	
	return text:gsub ('^%*+', '*');												-- return text unmolested except multiple splats reduced to one splat
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ P O E M _ T A G &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Looks for a poem strip marker in text; returns true when found; false else.

Auto-italic detection disabled when text has poem stripmarker because it is not possible for this code to know
the content that will replace the stripmarker.

]]

local function has_poem_tag (text)
	return text:find ('\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-poem%-[%a%d]+%-QINU[^\127]*\127') and true or false;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H T M L _ T A G _ S E L E C T &gt;------------------------------------------------

Inspects content of and selectively trims text.  Returns text and the name of an appropriate HTML tag for text.

If text contains:
	\n\n	text has implied &lt;p&gt;..&lt;/p&gt; tags - trim leading and trailing whitespace and return 
If text begins with list markup:
	\n*		unordered
	\n;		definition
	\n:		definition
	\n#		ordered
trim all leading whitespace except  \n and trim all trailing whitespace

If text contains &lt;poem&gt;...&lt;/poem&gt; stripmarker, return text unmodified and choose &lt;div&gt;..&lt;/div&gt; tags because 
the stripmarker is replaced with text wrapped in &lt;div&gt;..&lt;/div&gt; tags.

If the text contains any actual &lt;div&gt;...&lt;/div&gt; tags, then it's again returned unmodified and &lt;div&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;
tags are used to wrap it, to prevent div/span inversion.

]]

local function html_tag_select (text)
	local tag;
	
	if has_poem_tag (text) then													-- contains poem stripmarker (we can't know the content of that)
		tag = 'div';															-- poem replacement is in div tags so lang must use div tags
	elseif text:find ('&lt;div') then												-- reductive; if the text contains a div tag, we must use div tags
		tag = 'div';
	elseif mw.text.trim (text):find ('\n\n+') then								-- contains implied p tags
		text = mw.text.trim (text);												-- trim leading and trailing whitespace characters
		tag = 'div';															-- must be div because span may not contain p tags (added later by MediaWiki); poem replacement is in div tags
	elseif text:find ('\n[%*:;%#]') then										-- if text has list markup
		text = text:gsub ('^[\t\r\f ]*', ''):gsub ('%s*$', '');					-- trim all whitespace except leading newline character '\n'
		tag = 'div';															-- must be div because span may not contain ul, dd, dl, ol tags (added later by MediaWiki)
	else
		text = mw.text.trim (text);												-- plain text
		tag = 'span';															-- so span is fine
	end
	
	return text, tag;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ P R O T O &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Validates value assigned to |proto=; permitted values are yes and no; yes returns as true, no returns as false,
empty string (or parameter omitted) returns as nil; any other value returns nil with &lt;proto_param&gt; as second
return value for use in error message.

]]

local function validate_proto (proto_param)
	if cfg.keywords_t.affirmative == proto_param then
		return true;
	elseif cfg.keywords_t.negative == proto_param then
		return false;
	elseif is_set (proto_param) then
		return nil, proto_param;												-- |proto= something other than 'yes' or 'no'
	else
		return nil;																-- missing or empty
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E _ N A M E _ G E T &gt;--------------------------------------------

Common function to return language name from the data set according to IETF tag.

Returns language name if found in data tables; nil else.

]]

local function language_name_get (ietf, code, cat)
	ietf = ietf:lower();														-- ietf:lower() because format_ietf_tag() returns mixed case
	
	local name;																	-- remains nil if not found
	
	if override_table[ietf] then												-- look for whole IETF tag in override table
		name = override_table[ietf];
	elseif override_table[code] then											-- not there so try basic language tag
		name = override_table[code];
	elseif lang_table[code] then												-- shift to IANA active tag/name table
		name = lang_table[code];
	elseif lang_dep_table[code] then											-- try the IANA deprecated tag/name table
		name = lang_dep_table[code];
	end

	if lang_dep_table[code] and cat then										-- because deprecated code may have been overridden to en.wiki preferred name
		table.insert (maint_cats, substitute (cfg.language_name_get_t.deprecated_cat, {code}));
		table.insert (maint_msgs, substitute (cfg.language_name_get_t.deprecated_msg, {code}));
	end

	return name;																-- name from data tables or nil
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E X T _ S C R I P T _ M A T C H _ T E S T &gt;----------------------------------

IETF script subtag should match the script of the &lt;text&gt;.  This module does not attempt to know all scripts and
what they look like.  It does know what Latn script looks like so when &lt;text&gt; is written using other than the Latn
script, the IETF script subtag, if present, should not be Latn.

Conversely, when &lt;text&gt; is written using the Latn script, the IETF script subtag, if present, should be Latn.

For the purposes of this test, Latf (Fraktur) and Latg (Gaelic) are considered to be equivalent to Latn because
unicode treats these two scripts as font-specific variants of Latn.

Returns an error message when mismatch detected; nil else.

]]

local function text_script_match_test (script, is_latn_text, pos, char)
	local scripts_t = {['latf'] = true, ['latg'] = true, ['latn'] = true};		-- unicode 'latn' scripts; 'latf' and 'latg' are font variants so there are no Fraktur or Gaelic codepoints
	if is_set (script) then														-- don't bother with the rest of this if &lt;script&gt; is nil or empty string
		script = script:lower();												-- lower case to index into &lt;scripts_t&gt;
		if is_latn_text then													-- when text is wholly Latn script
			if not scripts_t[script] then										-- but a non-Latn script is specified
				return cfg.text_script_match_test_t.latn_txt_mismatch;			-- emit an error message
			end
		else																	-- when text is not wholly Latn script
			if scripts_t[script] then											-- but a Latn script is specified
				return substitute (cfg.text_script_match_test_t.latn_scr_mismatch, {pos, char});	-- emit an error message with position of first offending character
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B I N A R Y _ S E A R C H &gt;---------------------------------------------------

conducts a binary search of &lt;ranges_t&gt; for a sub-range that holds &lt;target&gt;.

returns boolean true if a sub-range holding &lt;target&gt; is found; boolean false else.

]]

local function binary_search (target, ranges_t)
	local idx_bot = 1;															-- initialize to index of first key
	local idx_top = sizeof_ranges_t;											-- initialize to index of last key (number of keys)

	if (target &lt; ranges_t[idx_bot][1]) or (target &gt; ranges_t[idx_top][2]) then	-- invalid; target out of range
		return;																	-- abandon
	end

	local idx_mid;																-- calculated index of range midway between top index and bottom index
	local flag = false;															-- flag to tell us when we've evaluated last (highest) range in &lt;ranges_t&gt;

	while 1 do
		idx_mid = math.ceil ((idx_bot + idx_top) / 2);							-- get the mid-point in the &lt;ranges_t&gt; sequence
		if (target &gt;= ranges_t[idx_mid][1]) and (target &lt;= ranges_t[idx_mid][2]) then		-- indexed range low value &lt;= target &lt;= indexed range high value
			return true;														-- we found the range that holds the &lt;target&gt; character; return true
		
		elseif (target &gt; ranges_t[idx_mid][2]) then								-- is &lt;target&gt; &gt; indexed range high value?
			idx_bot = idx_mid;													-- adjust &lt;idx_bot&gt; up

		else																	-- here when &lt;target&gt; less than indexed range low value
			idx_top = idx_mid - 1;												-- adjust &lt;idx_top&gt; down
		end

		if flag then
			break;																-- here when we just evaluated the last range and &lt;target&gt; not found
		end
	
		if not flag and (idx_bot == idx_top) then								-- set true just before we evaluate the last (highest) range in &lt;ranges_t&gt;
			flag = true;
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ L A T I N &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

compare &lt;text&gt; as codepoints to lists of known codepoints accepted as Latn script

returns boolean true and modified &lt;text&gt; when &lt;text&gt; is wrapped in accept-as-written markup

returns boolean true and &lt;text&gt; when codepoint is known

returns boolean false, &lt;text&gt;, non-Latn codepoint position in &lt;text&gt; (left to right), and the codepoint character
	when codepoint is not known

TODO: when text has accept-as-written markup, return a non-boolean value to indicate that &lt;text&gt; is not wholly
	latn script?  Use that return value to create non-Latn HTML lang= attribute because &lt;text&gt; isn't really
	latn so lang=und (undetermined)? or instead, omit the -Latn subtag? (without -Latn need to force |italic=yes)

]]

local function is_latin (text, tag)
	local count;
	text, count = text:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1');							-- remove accept-as-written markup if present
	if 0 ~= count then
		return true, text;														-- markup present so assume that &lt;text&gt; is Latn-script
	end

	local pos = 0;																-- position counter for error messaging
	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint (text) do							-- fetch each code point
		pos = pos + 1;															-- bump the position counter

		if not is_latn_data.singles_t[codepoint] and							-- codepoint not found in the singles list?
			not binary_search (codepoint, is_latn_data.ranges_t) and			-- codepoint not a member of a listed range?
			not (tag and is_latn_data.specials_t[codepoint] and is_latn_data.specials_t[codepoint][tag]) then	-- not a language-specific codepoint?
				return false, text, pos, mw.ustring.char (codepoint);			-- codepoint not known; return false with codepoint position and character representation
		end
	end
	return true, text;															-- is known; return &lt;text&gt;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ L A N G &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Entry point for {{lang}}.

There should be no reason to set parameters in the {{lang}} {{#invoke:}}
	&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:lang|lang}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;

Parameters are received from the template's frame (parent frame).

]]

local function _lang (args)
	local out = {};
	local language_name;														-- used to make category names
	local category_name;														-- same as language_name except that it retains any parenthetical disambiguators (if any) from the data set
	local subtags = {};															-- IETF subtags script, region, variant, and private
	local code;																	-- the language code
	local msg;																	-- for error messages
	local tag = 'span';															-- initial value for make_text_html()
	local template = args.template or cfg.templates_t.lang;

	maint_cats = {};															-- initialize because when this module required into another module, these only declared once so only initialzed once
	maint_msgs = {};
	
	validate_cat_args (args);													-- determine if categorization should be suppressed

	if args[1] and args.code then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param, {'1', cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param_types.code}), args, template);
	else
		args.code = args[1] or args.code;										-- prefer args.code
	end

	if args[2] and args.text then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param, {'2', cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param_types.text}), args, template);
	else
		args.text = args[2] or args.text;										-- prefer args.text
	end

	msg = validate_text (template, args);										-- ensure that |text= is set
	if is_set (msg) then														-- msg is an already-formatted error message
		return msg;
	end
	
	args.text, tag = html_tag_select (args.text);								-- inspects text; returns appropriate HTML tag with text trimmed accordingly

	args.rtl = args.rtl == cfg.keywords_t.affirmative;							-- convert to boolean: 'yes' -&gt; true, other values -&gt; false

	args.proto, msg = validate_proto (args.proto);								-- return boolean, or nil, or nil and error message flag
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_t.invalid_proto, {msg}), args, template);
	end

	code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private, msg = get_ietf_parts (args.code);	-- |script=, |region=, |variant= not supported because they should be part of args.code ({{{1}}} in {{lang}})

	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end

	local is_latn_text, pos, char;
	is_latn_text, args.text, pos, char= is_latin (args.text, code);		-- make a boolean

	msg = text_script_match_test (subtags.script, is_latn_text, pos, char)
	if msg then																	-- if an error detected then there is an error message
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end

	args.italic, msg = validate_italic (args);
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end

	if nil == args.italic then													-- nil when |italic= absent or not set or |italic=default; args.italic controls
		if ('latn' == subtags.script) or								 		-- script is latn
			(this_wiki_lang_tag ~= code and not is_set (subtags.script) and not has_poem_tag (args.text) and is_latn_text) then -- text not this wiki's language, no script specified and not in poem markup but is wholly latn script (auto-italics)
				args.italic = 'italic';											-- DEFAULT for {{lang}} templates is upright; but if latn script set for font-style:italic
		else
			args.italic = 'inherit';											-- italic not set; script not latn; inherit current style
		end
	end
	
	if is_set (subtags.script) then												-- if script set, override rtl setting
		if in_array (subtags.script, lang_data.rtl_scripts) then
			args.rtl = true;													-- script is an rtl script
		else
			args.rtl = false;													-- script is not an rtl script
		end
	end

	args.code = format_ietf_tag (code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private);	-- format to recommended subtag styles
	language_name = language_name_get (args.code, code, true);					-- get language name; try IETF tag first, then code w/o variant then code w/ variant

	if cfg.keywords_t.invert == args.italic and 'span' == tag then				-- invert only supported for in-line content
		args.text = invert_italics (args.text)
	end

	args.text = proto_prefix (args.text, language_name, args.proto);			-- prefix proto-language text with a splat

	table.insert (out, make_text_html (args.code, args.text, tag, args.rtl, args.italic, args.size, language_name));
	table.insert (out, make_category (code, language_name, args.nocat));
	table.insert (out, render_maint (args.nocat));								-- maintenance messages and categories

	return table.concat (out);													-- put it all together and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Entry point for {{lang}}.

There should be no reason to set parameters in the {{lang}} {{#invoke:}}
	&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:lang|lang}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;

Parameters are received from the template's frame (parent frame).

]]

local function lang (frame)
	local args_t = getArgs (frame, {											-- this code so that we can detect and handle wiki list markup in text
		valueFunc = function (key, value)
			if 2 == key or 'text' == key then									-- the 'text' parameter; do not trim wite space
				return value;													-- return untrimmed 'text'
			elseif value then													-- all other values: if the value is not nil
				value = mw.text.trim (value);									-- trim whitespace
				if '' ~= value then												-- empty string when value was only whitespace
					return value;
				end
			end
			return nil;															-- value was empty or contained only whitespace
		end																		-- end of valueFunc
		});

	args_t.fn = nil;															-- unset because not supported but this function might have been called by {{lang|fn=lang|...}}

	local msg = parameter_validate (args_t, cfg.templates_t.lang);				-- verify that all supplied parameters are supported by {{lang-??}}
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args_t, cfg.templates_t.lang);				-- when template has unsupported params, abandon with error message
	end

	return _lang (args_t);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T R A N S L A T I O N _ M A K E &gt;----------------------------------------------

Stand-alone function to create literal translation of main text.

Also used by {{lang-x2}}.

]]

local function translation_make (args_t)
	local translation_t = {', '};												-- initialize output

	if 'none' ~= args_t.label then												-- if we want a label
		table.insert (translation_t, '&lt;small&gt;');								-- open the &lt;small&gt; HTML tag
		if cfg.keywords_t.negative == args_t.link then
			table.insert (translation_t, substitute ('&lt;abbr title=&quot;$1&quot;&gt;$2&lt;/abbr&gt;', {cfg.translation_make_t.lit_xlation, cfg.translation_make_t.lit_abbr}));	-- unlinked form
		else
			table.insert (translation_t, make_wikilink (cfg.translation_make_t.lit_xlation, cfg.translation_make_t.lit_abbr));	-- linked form
		end
		table.insert (translation_t, &quot;&amp;thinsp;&lt;/small&gt;&quot;);						-- close the &lt;small&gt; HTML tag
	end
	table.insert (translation_t, table.concat ({								-- user styling spans match spand from {{gloss}}
		'&lt;span class=&quot;gloss-quot&quot;&gt;\'&lt;/span&gt;',									-- user styling span for quote marks; use HTML entities to avoid wiki markup confusion
		'&lt;span class=&quot;gloss-text&quot;&gt;',											-- open user styling span for the translation
		args_t.translation,														-- the translation
		'&lt;/span&gt;',																-- close user styling span for the translation
		'&lt;span class=&quot;gloss-quot&quot;&gt;\'&lt;/span&gt;'									-- user styling span for quote marks
		}));
	return table.concat (translation_t);										-- make a big string and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ L A N G _ X X &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

For the {{lang-??}} templates, the only parameter required to be set in the template is the language code.  All
other parameters can, usually should, be written in the template call.  For {{lang-??}} templates for languages
that can have multiple writing systems, it may be appropriate to set |script= as well.

For each {{lang-??}} template choose the appropriate entry-point function so that this function knows the default
styling that should be applied to text.

For normal, upright style:
	&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:lang|lang_xx_inherit|code=xx}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
For italic style:
	&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:lang|lang_xx_italic|code=xx}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;

All other parameters should be received from the template's frame (parent frame)

Supported parameters are:
	|code = (required) the IANA language code
	|script = IANA script code; especially for use with languages that use multiple writing systems
	|region = IANA region code
	|variant = IANA variant code
	|text = (required) the displayed text in language specified by code
	|link = boolean false ('no') does not link code-spcified language name to associated language article
	|rtl = boolean true ('yes') identifies the language specified by code as a right-to-left language
	|nocat = boolean true ('yes') inhibits normal categorization; error categories are not affected
	|cat = boolian false ('no') opposite form of |nocat=
	|italic = boolean true ('yes') renders displayed text in italic font; boolean false ('no') renders displayed text in normal font; not set renders according to initial_style_state
	|lit = text that is a literal translation of text
	|label = 'none' to suppress all labeling (language name, 'translit.', 'lit.')
				any other text replaces language-name label - automatic wikilinking disabled
	
	for those {{lang-??}} templates that support transliteration (those templates where |text= is not entirely latn script):
	|translit = text that is a transliteration of text
	|translit-std = the standard that applies to the transliteration
	|translit-script = ISO 15924 script name; falls back to code

For {{lang-??}}, the positional parameters are:
	{{{1}}}	text
	{{{2}}}	transliterated text
	{{{3}}}	literal translation text
no other positional parameters are allowed

]]

local function _lang_xx (args, base_template)									-- base_template will be either of 'langx' or 'lang-xx'
	local out = {};
	local language_name;														-- used to make display text, article links
	local category_name;														-- same as language_name except that it retains any parenthetical disambiguators (if any) from the data set
	local subtags = {};															-- IETF subtags script, region, and variant
	local code;																	-- the language code

	local translit_script_name;													-- name associated with IANA (ISO 15924) script code
	local translit;
	local msg;																	-- for error messages
	local tag = 'span';															-- initial value for make_text_html()
	local template = args.template or base_template;

	maint_cats = {};															-- initialize because when this module required into another module, these only declared once so only initialzed once
	maint_msgs = {};
	
	local text_idx = (cfg.templates_t.langx == base_template) and 2 or 1;		-- for {{langx}} 'text' positional parameter is '2'
	local translit_idx = (cfg.templates_t.langx == base_template) and 3 or 2;
	local xlate_idx = (cfg.templates_t.langx == base_template) and 4 or 3;

	if args[text_idx] and args.text then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param, {text_idx, cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param_types.text}), args, template);
	else
		args.text = args[text_idx] or args.text;								-- prefer positional 'text' parameter
	end

	msg = validate_text (template, args);										-- ensure that |text= is set, does not contain italic markup and is protected from improper bolding
	if is_set (msg) then
		return msg;
	end

	args.text, tag = html_tag_select (args.text);								-- inspects text; returns appropriate HTML tag with text trimmed accordingly

	if args[translit_idx] and args.translit then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param, {translit_idx, cfg.lang_t.conflict_n_param_types.translit}), args, template);

	else
		args.translit = args[translit_idx] or args.translit						-- prefer positional 'translit' parameter
	end

	args.engvar = cfg.engvar_sel_t[args.engvar] or cfg.default_engvar;			-- |engvar= when valid; cfg.default_engvar else

	if args[xlate_idx] and (args.translation or args.lit) then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_xx_t.conflict_n_lit, {xlate_idx}), args, template);
	elseif args.translation and args.lit then
		return make_error_msg (cfg.lang_xx_t.conflict_lit, args, template);
	else
		args.translation = args[xlate_idx] or args.translation or args.lit;		-- prefer positional 'translation' parameter
	end

	if args.links and args.link then
		return make_error_msg (cfg.lang_xx_t.conflict_link, args, template);
	else
		args.link = args.link or args.links;									-- prefer args.link
	end

	validate_cat_args (args);													-- determine if categorization should be suppressed

	args.rtl = args.rtl == cfg.keywords_t.affirmative;							-- convert to boolean: 'yes' -&gt; true, other values -&gt; false

	code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private, msg = get_ietf_parts (args.code, args.script, args.region, args.variant);	-- private omitted because private

	if msg then																	-- if an error detected then there is an error message
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end
	
	if args.translit then
		local latn, pos, char;
		latn, args.translit, pos, char = is_latin (args.translit, (('' ~= subtags.private) and (code .. '-x-' .. subtags.private)) or code);
		if not latn then
			return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_xx_t.translit_nonlatn, {pos, char}), args, template);
		end
	end

	local is_latn_text, text, pos, char = is_latin (args.text, code);			-- make a boolean
	args.text = text;															-- may have been modified (accept-as-written markup removed)

	msg = text_script_match_test (subtags.script, is_latn_text, pos, char)
	if msg then																	-- if an error detected then there is an error message
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end

	args.italic, msg = validate_italic (args);
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end
																				
	if cfg.templates_t.langx == base_template then								-- auto-italics  for {{langx}} templates; adapted from {{lang}} (no support for poem tag) 
		if nil == args.italic then												-- nil when |italic= absent or not set or |italic=default; args.italic controls
			if ('latn' == subtags.script) or								 	-- script is latn
				(this_wiki_lang_tag ~= code and not is_set (subtags.script) and is_latn_text) then -- text is not this wiki's language, no script specified and is wholly latn script (auto-italics)
					args.italic = 'italic';										-- set font-style:italic
			else
				args.italic = 'inherit';										-- italic not set; script not latn; inherit current style
			end
		end
	
	else																		-- {{lang-xx}} does not do auto italics; retained for those wikis that don't support {{langx}}
		if nil == args.italic then												-- args.italic controls
			if is_set (subtags.script) then
				if 'latn' == subtags.script then
					args.italic = 'italic';										-- |script=Latn; set for font-style:italic
				else
					args.italic = initial_style_state;							-- italic not set; script is not latn; set for font-style:&lt;initial_style_state&gt;
				end
			else
				args.italic = initial_style_state;								-- here when |italic= and |script= not set; set for font-style:&lt;initial_style_state&gt;
			end
		end
	end
	
	if is_set (subtags.script) then												-- if script set override rtl setting
		if in_array (subtags.script, lang_data.rtl_scripts) then
			args.rtl = true;													-- script is an rtl script
		else
			args.rtl = false;													-- script is not an rtl script
		end
	end

	args.proto, msg = validate_proto (args.proto);								-- return boolean, or nil, or nil and error message flag
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_t.invalid_proto, {args.proto}), args, template);
	end

	args.code = format_ietf_tag (code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private);	-- format to recommended subtag styles
	language_name = language_name_get (args.code, code, true);					-- get language name; try IETF tag first, then code w/o variant then code w/ variant

	category_name = language_name;												-- category names retain IANA parenthetical diambiguators (if any)
	language_name = language_name:gsub ('%s+%b()', '');							-- remove IANA parenthetical disambiguators or qualifiers from names that have them

	if args.label then
		if 'none' ~= args.label then
			table.insert (out, table.concat ({args.label, ': '}));				-- custom label
		end
	else
		if cfg.keywords_t.negative == args.link then
			table.insert (out, language_name);									-- language name without wikilink
		else
			if mw.ustring.find (language_name, 'languages', 1, true) then
				table.insert (out, make_wikilink (language_name));				-- collective language name uses simple wikilink
			elseif lang_data.article_name[args.code:lower()] then				-- is IETF tag in article name over ride?
				table.insert (out, make_wikilink (lang_data.article_name[args.code:lower()], language_name));	-- language name with wikilink from override data
			elseif lang_data.article_name[code] then							-- is language tag in article override
				table.insert (out, make_wikilink (lang_data.article_name[code], language_name));	-- language name with wikilink from override data
			else
				table.insert (out, make_wikilink (substitute ('$1 $2', {language_name, cfg.misc_text_t.language}), language_name));	-- language name with wikilink
			end
		end
		table.insert (out, ': ');												-- separator
	end

	if cfg.keywords_t.invert == args.italic then
		args.text = invert_italics (args.text)
	end
	
	args.text = proto_prefix (args.text, language_name, args.proto);			-- prefix proto-language text with a splat

	table.insert (out, make_text_html (args.code, args.text, tag, args.rtl, args.italic, args.size, ('none' == args.label) and language_name or nil))

	if is_set (args.translit) and not is_latn_text then							-- transliteration; not supported when args.text is wholly latn text (this is an imperfect test)
		table.insert (out, ', ');												-- comma to separate text from translit
		if 'none' ~= args.label then
			table.insert (out, '&lt;small&gt;');
			if script_table[args['translit-script']] then						-- when |translit-script= is set, try to use the script's name
				translit_script_name = script_table[args['translit-script']];
			else
				translit_script_name = language_name;							-- fall back on language name
			end

			local translit_title_obj = mw.title.makeTitle (0, substitute ('$1 $2',{cfg.lang_xx_t.romanization, translit_script_name}));		-- make a title object; no engvar, article titles use US spelling
			if translit_title_obj.exists and (cfg.keywords_t.negative ~= args.link) then
				table.insert (out, make_wikilink (substitute ('$1 $2', {cfg.lang_xx_t.romanization, translit_script_name or language_name}),
					substitute ('$1', {cfg.engvar_t[args.engvar]['romanisz_pt']})) .. ':');	-- make a wikilink if there is an article to link to; engvar the display text

			else
				table.insert (out, substitute ('$1:', {cfg.engvar_t[args.engvar]['romanisz_pt']}));	-- else plain text per engvar

			end
			table.insert (out, '&amp;nbsp;&lt;/small&gt;');								-- close the small tag
		end
		
		translit = make_translit (args.code, language_name, args.translit, args['translit-std'], args['translit-script'], nil, args.engvar)
		if is_set (translit) then
			table.insert (out, translit);
		else
			return make_error_msg (substitute ('$1: $2', {cfg.lang_xx_t.invalid_xlit_std, args['translit-std'] or '[missing]'}), args, template);
		end
	
	elseif is_set (args.translit) and is_latn_text then							-- when creating a transliteration of Latn script &lt;text&gt;
		return make_error_msg (cfg.lang_xx_t.xlit_of_latn, args, template);		-- emit error message and abandon
	end

	if is_set (args.translation) then											-- translation (not supported in {{lang}})
		table.insert (out, translation_make (args));
	end
	
	table.insert (out, make_category (code, category_name, args.nocat));
	table.insert (out, render_maint(args.nocat));								-- maintenance messages and categories

	return table.concat (out);													-- put it all together and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ X X _ A R G S _ G E T &gt;----------------------------------------------

Common function to get args table from {{lang-??}} templates.

Returns table of args.

Text positional parameters are not trimmed here but are selectively trimmed at html_tag_select().

]]

local function lang_xx_args_get (frame, base_template)
	local args_t = getArgs(frame,
		{
		parentFirst= true,														-- parameters in the template override parameters set in the {{#invoke:}}
		valueFunc = function (key, value)
			if ((cfg.templates_t.langx == base_template) and 2 or 1) == key then	-- the 'text' positional parameter; 1 for {{lang-??}}, 2 for {{langx}}; do not trim wite space
				return value;													-- return untrimmed 'text' positional parameter
			elseif value then													-- all other values: if the value is not nil
				value = mw.text.trim (value);									-- trim whitespace
				if '' ~= value then												-- empty string when value was only whitespace
					return value;
				end
			end
			return nil;															-- value was empty or contained only whitespace
		end																		-- end of valueFunc
	});

	return args_t;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ X X _ I T A L I C &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Entry point for those {{lang-??}} templates that call lang_xx_italic(). Sets the initial style state to italic.

]]

local function lang_xx_italic (frame)
	local args = lang_xx_args_get (frame, cfg.templates_t.langxx);
	args.fn = nil;																-- unset because not supported but this function might have been called by {{lang|fn=lang_xx_italic|...}}
	
	local msg = parameter_validate (args, cfg.templates_t.langxx);				-- verify that all supplied parameters are supported by {{lang-??}}
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, cfg.templates_t.langxx);				-- when template has unsupported params, abandon with error message
	end

	initial_style_state = 'italic';
	return _lang_xx (args, cfg.templates_t.langxx) .. '[[Category:Pages using Lang-xx templates]]';	-- temporary category
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ L A N G _ X X _ I T A L I C &gt;------------------------------------------------

Entry point from another module. Sets the initial style state to italic.

]]

local function _lang_xx_italic (args)
	initial_style_state = 'italic';
	return _lang_xx (args, cfg.templates_t.langxx);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ X X _ I N H E R I T &gt;------------------------------------------------

Entry point for those {{lang-??}} templates that call lang_xx_inherit(). Sets the initial style state to inherit.

]]

local function lang_xx_inherit (frame)
	local args = lang_xx_args_get (frame, cfg.templates_t.langxx);
	args.fn = nil;																-- unset because not supported but this function might have been called by {{lang|fn=lang_xx_inherit|...}}

	local msg = parameter_validate (args, cfg.templates_t.langxx);				-- verify that all supplied parameters are supported by {{lang-??}}
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, cfg.templates_t.langxx);				-- when template has unsupported params, abandon with error message
	end

	initial_style_state = 'inherit';
	return _lang_xx (args, cfg.templates_t.langxx) .. '[[Category:Pages using Lang-xx templates]]';	-- temporary category
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ L A N G _ X X _ I N H E R I T &gt;----------------------------------------------

Entry point from another module. Sets the initial style state to inherit.

]]

local function _lang_xx_inherit (args)
	initial_style_state = 'inherit';
	return _lang_xx (args, cfg.templates_t.langxx);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ L A N G X &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

Entry point from another module.

]]

local function _langx (args_t)
	local langx_data = mw.loadData ('Module:Lang/langx');						-- get necessary data 
	local rtl_t = langx_data.rtl_t;												-- get list of language tags for languages that are rendered right-to-left
	local link_t = langx_data.link_t;											-- get list of language tags for {{lang-??}} templates that set |link=&lt;something&gt;
	local size_t = langx_data.size_t;											-- get list of language tags for {{lang-??}} templates that set |size=&lt;something&gt;

	local msg = parameter_validate (args_t, cfg.templates_t.langx);
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args_t, cfg.templates_t.langx);
	end

	args_t.code = args_t[1] or args_t.code;										-- get the language tag; must be {{{1}}} or |code=
	if not args_t.code then
		return make_error_msg (cfg.get_ietf_parts_t.missing_lang_tag, args_t, cfg.templates_t.langx);
	end
	
	args_t.rtl = args_t.rtl or (rtl_t[args_t.code] and cfg.keywords_t.affirmative);	-- prefer |rtl= in template call, use rtl_t else
	args_t.link = args_t.link or link_t[args_t.code];							-- prefer |link= in template call, use link_t felse
	args_t.size = args_t.size or size_t[args_t.code];							-- prefer |size= in template call, use size_t else
	
	args_t[1] = nil;															-- unset to mimic {{lang-??}} templates which set |code=xx

	local lang_subtag = args_t.code;											-- use only the base language subtag for unsupported tag test; some args_t.code are modified by |script= etc
	return _lang_xx (args_t, cfg.templates_t.langx);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G X &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Entry point for {{langx}}.

this function calls _lang_xx() to render non-English text. The {{lang-??}} templates have three positional paramters
but {{langx}} has four:

				|  1	|  2		|  3		|  4	
	{{lang-xx	|&lt;text&gt;	|&lt;xlit&gt;		|&lt;xlat&gt;		}}
	{{langx		|&lt;tag&gt;	|&lt;text&gt;		|&lt;xlit&gt;		|&lt;xlat&gt;		}}

The calls to lang_xx_args_get() and _lang_xx() use 'langx' as a flag for those functions to select the proper
positional parameters.

{{lang-??}} depends on the calling template to select 'inherit' or 'italic' to establish the default rendering.

{{langx}} can't do that.  The initial version of {{langx}} relied on a list of language tags (inherit_t in ~/langx)
scraped from those {{lang-??}} templates that call lang_xx_inherit() to render text in upright font. langx() now
uses auto-italics code adapted from {{lang}} (doesn't support poem tags).

]]

local function langx (frame)
	local args_t = lang_xx_args_get (frame, cfg.templates_t.langx);				-- get the arguments; 'langx' is the &lt;base_template&gt; used to decide which positional param is 'text', 'translit', 'lit'
	
	return _langx (args_t);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ I S _ I E T F _ T A G &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Returns true when a language name associated with IETF language tag exists; nil else.  IETF language tag must be valid.

All code combinations supported by {{lang}} and the {{lang-??}} templates are supported by this function.

Module entry point from another module.

]]

local function _is_ietf_tag (tag)												-- entry point when this module is require()d into another
	local c, s, r, v, p, err;													-- code, script, region, variant, private, error message
	c, s, r, v, p, err = get_ietf_parts (tag);									-- disassemble tag into constituent part and validate

	return ((c and not err) and true) or nil;									-- return true when code portion has a value without error message; nil else
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ I E T F _ T A G &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}.

]]

local function is_ietf_tag (frame)
	return _is_ietf_tag (getArgs (frame)[1]);									-- args[1] is the IETF language tag to be tested; also get parent frame
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ I E T F _ T A G _ F R A M E &gt;--------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}; same as is_ietf_tag() except does not get parameters from the parent
(template) frame.  This function not useful when called by {{lang|fn=is_ietf_tag_frame|&lt;tag&gt;}} because &lt;tag&gt;
is in the parent frame.

]]

local function is_ietf_tag_frame (frame)
	return _is_ietf_tag (getArgs (frame, {frameOnly = true,})[1]);				-- args[1] is the IETF language tag to be tested; do not get parent frame
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ N A M E _ F R O M _ T A G &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Returns language name associated with IETF language tag if valid; error message else.

All code combinations supported by {{lang}} and the {{lang-??}} templates are supported by this function.

Set invoke's |link= parameter to yes to get wikilinked version of the language name.

Module entry point from another module.

]]

local function _name_from_tag (args)
	local subtags = {};															-- IETF subtags script, region, variant, and private
	local raw_code = args[1];													-- save a copy of the input IETF subtag
	local link = cfg.keywords_t.affirmative == args['link'];					-- make a boolean
	local label = args.label;
	local code;																	-- the language code
	local msg;																	-- gets an error message if IETF language tag is malformed or invalid
	local language_name = '';
	
	code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private, msg = get_ietf_parts (raw_code);
	if msg then
		local template = (args['template'] and table.concat ({'{{', args['template'], '}}: '})) or '';	-- make template name (if provided by the template)
		return make_error_span (template, msg);
	end

	raw_code = format_ietf_tag (code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private);	-- format to recommended subtag styles; private omitted because private
	language_name = language_name_get (raw_code, code);							-- get language name; try IETF tag first, then code w/o variant then code w/ variant

	if 'yes' ~= args.raw then
		language_name = language_name:gsub ('%s+%b()', '');						-- remove IANA parenthetical disambiguators or qualifiers from names that have them
	end

	if link then																-- when |link=yes, wikilink the language name
		if mw.ustring.find (language_name, 'languages', 1, true) then
			language_name = make_wikilink (language_name, label);				-- collective language name uses simple wikilink
		elseif lang_data.article_name[raw_code:lower()] then					-- is IETF tag in article name override?
			language_name = make_wikilink (lang_data.article_name[raw_code:lower()], label or language_name);	-- language name with wikilink from override data
		elseif lang_data.article_name[code] then								-- is language tag in article name override?
			language_name = make_wikilink (lang_data.article_name[code], label or language_name);	-- language name with wikilink from override data
		else
			language_name = make_wikilink (substitute ('$1 $2', {language_name, cfg.misc_text_t.language}), label or language_name);	-- language name with wikilink
		end
	end

	return language_name;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ F R O M _ T A G &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}.

]]

local function name_from_tag (frame)											-- entry point from an {{#invoke:lang|name_from_tag|&lt;IETF tag&gt;|link=&lt;yes&gt;|template=&lt;template name&gt;}}
	return _name_from_tag (getArgs(frame))										-- pass-on the args table, nothing else; getArgs() so we also get parent frame
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ T A G _ F R O M _ N A M E &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Returns the IETF language tag associated with the language name.  Spelling of language name must be correct
according to the spelling in the source tables.  When a standard language name has a parenthetical disambiguator,
that disambiguator must be omitted (they are not present in the data name-to-tag tables).

Module entry point from another module.

]]

local function _tag_from_name (args)											-- entry point from another module
	local msg;

	if args[1] and '' ~= args[1] then
		local data = mw.loadData ('Module:Lang/tag from name');					-- get the reversed data tables TODO: change when going live
		local lang = args[1]:lower();											-- allow any-case for the language name (speeling must till be correct)
		local tag = data.rev_override_table[lang] or data.rev_lang_table[lang] or data.rev_lang_dep_table[lang];	-- get the code; look first in the override then in the standard

		if tag then
			return tag, true;													-- language name found so return tag and done; second return used by is_lang_name()
		else
			msg = substitute (cfg.tag_from_name_t.lang_not_found, {args[1]});	-- language name not found, error message
		end
	else
		msg = cfg.tag_from_name_t.missing_lang_name;							-- language name not found, error message
	end

	local template = '';
	if args.template and '' ~= args.template then
		template = table.concat ({'{{', args['template'], '}}: '});				-- make template name (if provided by the template)
	end
	return make_error_span (template, msg);

end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T A G _ F R O M _ N A M E &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}.

]]

local function tag_from_name (frame)											-- entry point from an {{#invoke:lang|tag_from_name|&lt;language name&gt;|link=&lt;yes&gt;|template=&lt;template name&gt;}}
	local result, _ = _tag_from_name (getArgs(frame))							-- pass-on the args table, nothing else; getArgs() so we also get parent frame; supress second return used by is_lang_name()
	return result;		
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ L A N G _ N A M E &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}.

]]

local function is_lang_name (frame)
	local _, result = _tag_from_name (getArgs(frame))							-- pass-on the args table, nothing else; getArgs() so we also get parent frame; supress second return used by tag_from_name()
	return result and true or nil;		
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; _ X L I T &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Module entry point from another module.

]]

local function _xlit (args)
	local title_table = lang_data.translit_title_table;							-- table of transliteration standards and the language codes and scripts that apply to those standards
	local language_name;														-- language name that matches language code; used for tool tip
	local translit;																-- transliterated text to display
	local script;																-- IANA script
	local msg;																	-- for when called functions return an error message
	local template = args.template or cfg.templates_t.transliteration;

	maint_cats = {};															-- initialize because when this module required into another module, these only declared once so only initialzed once
	maint_msgs = {};
	
	if is_set (args[3]) then													-- [3] set when {{transliteration|code|standard|text}}
		args.text = args[3];													-- get the transliterated text
		args.translit_std = args[2] and args[2]:lower();						-- get the standard; lower case for table indexing

		if not title_table[args.translit_std] then
			return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.transl_t.unrecog_xlit_std, {args.translit_std}), args, template);
		end
	else
		if is_set (args[2]) then												-- [2] set when {{transliteration|code|text}}
			args.text = args[2];												-- get the transliterated text
		else
			if args[1] and (args[1]:match ('^%a%a%a?%a?$') or					-- args[2] missing; is args[1] a language or script tag or is it the transliterated text?
				args[1]:match ('^%a%a%a?%-x%-')) then							-- or is args[1] a private-use tag
					return make_error_msg (cfg.transl_t.no_text, args, template);	-- args[1] is a code so we're missing text
			else
				args.text = args[1];											-- args[1] is not a code so we're missing that; assign args.text for error message
				return make_error_msg (cfg.transl_t.missing_lang_scr, args, template);
			end
		end
	end

	if is_set (args[1]) then													-- IANA language code used for HTML lang= attribute; or ISO 15924 script code
		if args[1]:match ('^%a%a%a?%a?$') or args[1]:match ('^%a%a%a?%-x%-') then	-- args[1] has correct form?
			args.code = args[1]:lower();										-- use the language/script code; only (2, 3, or 4 alpha characters) or private-use; lower case because table indexes are lower case
		else
			return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.transl_t.unrecog_lang_scr, {args[1]}), args, template);	-- invalid language / script code
		end
	else
		return make_error_msg (cfg.transl_t.missing_lang_scr, args, template);	-- missing language / script code so quit
	end

	local is_latn_text, pos, char;
	is_latn_text, args.text, pos, char= is_latin (args.text, args.code);		-- is latn text? strip accept-as-written markup
	if not is_latn_text then													-- when text is not latn
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.lang_xx_t.translit_nonlatn, {pos, char}), args, template);	-- abandon with error message
	end


	args.italic, msg = validate_italic (args);
	if msg then
		return make_error_msg (msg, args, template);
	end
	
	if 'italic' == args.italic then												-- 'italic' when |italic=yes; because that is same as absent or not set and |italic=default
		args.italic = nil;														-- set to nil; 
	end

	args.engvar = cfg.engvar_sel_t[args.engvar] or cfg.default_engvar;			-- |engvar= when valid; cfg.default_engvar else

	if override_table[args.code] then											-- is code a language code defined in the override table?
		language_name = override_table[args.code];
		args.code = args.code:match ('^%a%a%a?');								-- if private use, strip all but language subtag
	elseif lang_table[args.code] then											-- is code a language code defined in the standard language code tables?
		language_name = lang_table[args.code];
	elseif lang_dep_table[args.code] then										-- is code a language code defined in the deprecated language code tables?
		language_name = lang_dep_table[args.code];
	elseif script_table[args.code] then											-- if here, code is not a language code; is it a script code?
		language_name = script_table[args.code];
		script = args.code;														-- code was an ISO 15924 script so use that instead
		args.code = '';															-- unset because not a language code
	else
		return make_error_msg (substitute (cfg.transl_t.unrecog_lang_scr, {args.code}), args, template);	-- invalid language / script code
	end
																				-- here only when all parameters passed to make_translit() are valid
	return make_translit (args.code, language_name, args.text, args.translit_std, script, args.italic, args.engvar);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; X L I T &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}.

]]

local function xlit (frame)
	return _xlit (getArgs(frame));
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C A T E G O R Y _ F R O M _ T A G &gt;--------------------------------------------

Returns category name associated with IETF language tag if valid; error message else.

All code combinations supported by {{lang}} and the {{lang-??}} templates are supported by this function.

Module entry point from another module.

]]

local function _category_from_tag (args_t)
	local subtags = {};															-- IETF subtags script, region, variant, and private
	local raw_code = args_t[1];													-- save a copy of the input IETF subtag
	local link = cfg.keywords_t.affirmative == args_t.link;						-- make a boolean
	local label = args_t.label;
	local code;																	-- the language code
	local msg;																	-- gets an error message if IETF language tag is malformed or invalid
	local category_name = '';
	
	code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private, msg = get_ietf_parts (raw_code);
	if msg then
		local template = (args_t.template and table.concat ({'{{', args_t.template, '}}: '})) or '';	-- make template name (if provided by the template)
		return make_error_span (template, msg);
	end

	raw_code = format_ietf_tag (code, subtags.script, subtags.region, subtags.variant, subtags.private);	-- format to recommended subtag styles; private omitted because private
	category_name = language_name_get (raw_code, code);							-- get language name; try IETF tag first, then code w/o variant then code w/ variant
	category_name = make_category (code, category_name, nil, true):gsub ('[%[%]]', '');

	if link then
		return table.concat ({'[[:', category_name, ']]'});
	else
		return category_name;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C A T E G O R Y _ F R O M _ T A G &gt;--------------------------------------------

Module entry point from an {{#invoke:}}.

]]

local function category_from_tag (frame)										-- entry point from an {{#invoke:lang|category_from_tag|&lt;IETF tag&gt;|template=&lt;template name&gt;}}
	return _category_from_tag (getArgs (frame));								-- pass-on the args table, nothing else; getArgs() so we also get parent frame
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	category_from_tag = category_from_tag,										-- frame entry points when this module is #invoke:ed into templates/wikitext
	lang = lang,																-- entry point for {{lang}}
	langx = langx,																-- entry point for {{langx}}
	lang_xx_inherit = lang_xx_inherit,											-- entry points for {{lang-??}}
	lang_xx_italic = lang_xx_italic,
	is_ietf_tag = is_ietf_tag,
	is_ietf_tag_frame = is_ietf_tag_frame,
	is_lang_name = is_lang_name,
	tag_from_name = tag_from_name,												-- returns IETF tag associated with language name
	name_from_tag = name_from_tag,												-- used for template documentation; possible use in ISO 639 name from code templates
	xlit = xlit,																-- entry point for {{transliteration}}
	
	_category_from_tag = _category_from_tag,									-- API entry points when this module is require()d into other modules
	_lang = _lang,
	_langx = _langx,
	_lang_xx_inherit = _lang_xx_inherit,
	_lang_xx_italic = _lang_xx_italic,
	_is_ietf_tag = _is_ietf_tag,
	get_ietf_parts = get_ietf_parts,
	_tag_from_name = _tag_from_name, 
	_name_from_tag = _name_from_tag,
	_xlit = _xlit,
	_translation_make = translation_make,
	};</text>
      <sha1>sat66ay8ip4lkteu26fyisgxmq85fer</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Wikt-lang</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33532</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157743</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:37:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'require('strict') local m_data = mw.loadData(&quot;Module:Wikt-lang/data&quot;) local langData = m_data.languages or m_data  local p = {}  local function ifNotEmpty(value) 	if value == &quot;&quot; then 		return nil 	else 		return value 	end end  local function makeEntryName(word, languageCode) 	local data = langData[languageCode] 	local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub 	word = tostring(word) 	if word == nil then 		error(&quot;The function makeEntryName requires a string argument&quot;) 	elseif wor...'</comment>
      <origin>157743</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="8097" sha1="a1gmtrj3hb88pnlx5jl8b226ejby5y3" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')
local m_data = mw.loadData(&quot;Module:Wikt-lang/data&quot;)
local langData = m_data.languages or m_data

local p = {}

local function ifNotEmpty(value)
	if value == &quot;&quot; then
		return nil
	else
		return value
	end
end

local function makeEntryName(word, languageCode)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
	word = tostring(word)
	if word == nil then
		error(&quot;The function makeEntryName requires a string argument&quot;)
	elseif word == &quot;&quot; then
		return &quot;&quot;
	else
		-- Remove bold and italics, so that words that contain bolding or emphasis can be linked without piping.
		word = word:gsub(&quot;\'\'\'&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		word = word:gsub(&quot;\'\'&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
		if data == nil then
			return word
		else
			local replacements = data and data[&quot;replacements&quot;]
			if replacements == nil then
				return word
			else
				-- Decompose so that the diacritics of characters such
				-- as á can be removed in one go.
				-- No need to compose at the end, because the MediaWiki software
				-- will handle that.
				if replacements.decompose then
					word = mw.ustring.toNFD(word)
					for i, from in ipairs(replacements.from) do
						word = ugsub(
							word,
							from,
							replacements.to and replacements.to[i] or &quot;&quot;)
					end
				else
					for regex, replacement in pairs(replacements) do
						word = ugsub(word, regex, replacement)
					end
				end
				return word
			end
		end
	end
end

local function fixScriptCode(firstLetter, threeLetters)
	return string.upper(firstLetter) .. string.lower(threeLetters)
end

local function getCodes(codes)
	local languageCode, scriptCode, invalidCode
	local errorText
	if codes == nil or codes == &quot;&quot; then
		errorText = 'no language or script code provided'
	elseif codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a?$&quot;) or codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a?%-%a%a%a%a$&quot;) then
		-- A three- or two-letter lowercase sequence at beginning of first parameter
		languageCode =
			codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a?&quot;) and (
				codes:match(&quot;^(%l%l%l?)&quot;)
				or codes:match(&quot;^(%a%a%a?)&quot;)
					:gsub(&quot;(%a%a%a?)&quot;, string.lower, 1)
			)
		-- One uppercase and three lowercase letters at the end of the first parameter
		scriptCode =
			codes:find(&quot;%a%a%a%a$&quot;) and (
				codes:match(&quot;(%u%l%l%l)$&quot;)
				or gsub(
					codes:match(&quot;(%a%a%a%a)$&quot;),
					&quot;(%a)(%a%a%a)&quot;,
					fixScriptCode,
					1
				)
			)
	elseif codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a?%-%a%a%a?$&quot;)
	or codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a%-%a%a%a%-%a%a%a$&quot;) then
		languageCode = codes
	
	-- Private-use subtag: x followed by one or more sequences of 1-8 lowercase
	-- letters separated by hyphens. This only allows for one sequence, as it is
	-- needed for proto-languages such as ine-x-proto (Proto-Indo-European).
	elseif codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a?%-x%-%a%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?$&quot;) then
		languageCode, scriptCode =
			codes:match(&quot;^(%a%a%a%-x%-%a%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?)%-?(.*)$&quot;)
		if not languageCode then
			errorText = '&lt;code&gt;'..codes..'&lt;/code&gt; is not a valid language or script code.'
		elseif scriptCode ~= &quot;&quot; and not scriptCode:find(&quot;%a%a%a%a&quot;) then
			errorText = '&lt;code&gt;'..scriptCode..'&lt;/code&gt; is not a valid script code.'
		else
			scriptCode = scriptCode:gsub(
				&quot;(%a)(%a%a%a)&quot;,
				fixScriptCode,
				1
			)
		end
	elseif codes:find(&quot;^%a%a%a?&quot;) then
		languageCode, invalidCode = codes:match(&quot;^(%a%a%a?)%-?(.*)&quot;)
		languageCode = string.lower(languageCode)
		errorText = '&lt;code&gt;'..invalidCode..'&lt;/code&gt; is not a valid script code.'
	elseif codes:find(&quot;%-?%a%a%a%a$&quot;) then
		invalidCode, scriptCode = codes:match(&quot;(.*)%-?(%a%a%a%a)$&quot;)
		scriptCode = gsub(
			scriptCode,
			&quot;(%a)(%a%a%a)&quot;,
			fixScriptCode
		)
		errorText = '&lt;code&gt;'..invalidCode..'&lt;/code&gt; is not a valid language code.'
	else
		errorText = '&lt;code&gt;'..codes..'&lt;/code&gt; is not a valid language or script code.'
	end
	if errorText then
		errorText = ' &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: smaller&quot;&gt;[' .. errorText .. ']&lt;/span&gt;'
	else
		errorText = &quot;&quot;
	end
	languageCode = m_data.redirects[languageCode] or languageCode
	return languageCode, scriptCode, errorText
end

local function tag(text, languageCode, script, italicize)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	-- Use Wikipedia code if it has been given: for instance,
	-- Proto-Indo-European has the Wiktionary code &quot;ine-pro&quot; but the Wikipedia
	-- code &quot;ine-x-proto&quot;.
	languageCode = data and data.Wikipedia_code or languageCode
	if script and script ~= &quot;&quot; then
		languageCode = languageCode .. &quot;-&quot; .. script
	end

	if not text then text = &quot;[text?]&quot; end
	
	local textDirectionMarkers = { &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot; }
	if data and data[&quot;direction&quot;] == &quot;rtl&quot; then
		textDirectionMarkers = { ' dir=&quot;rtl&quot;', '&amp;rlm;', '&amp;lrm;' }
	end
	
	local out = { textDirectionMarkers[2] }
	if italicize then
		table.insert(out, &quot;&lt;i lang=\&quot;&quot; .. languageCode .. &quot;\&quot;&quot; .. textDirectionMarkers[1] .. &quot;&gt;&quot; .. text .. &quot;&lt;/i&gt;&quot;)
	else
		table.insert(out, &quot;&lt;span lang=\&quot;&quot; .. languageCode .. &quot;\&quot;&quot; .. textDirectionMarkers[1] .. &quot;&gt;&quot; .. text .. &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;)
	end
	table.insert(out, textDirectionMarkers[3])
	
	return table.concat(out)
end

local function linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText, languageCode)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	local name
	if languageCode then
		if data and data.name then
			name = data.name
		else
			-- On other languages' wikis, use mw.getContentLanguage():getCode(),
			-- or replace 'en' with that wiki's language code.
			name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName(languageCode, 'en')
			if name == &quot;&quot; then
				error(&quot;Name for the language code &quot; .. (&quot;%q&quot;):format(languageCode or nil)
					.. &quot; could not be retrieved with mw.language.fetchLanguageName, &quot;
					.. &quot;so it should be added to [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]]&quot;)
			end
		end
		if entry:sub(1, 1) == &quot;*&quot; then
			if name ~= &quot;&quot; then
				entry = &quot;Reconstruction:&quot; .. name .. &quot;/&quot; .. entry:sub(2)
			else
				error(&quot;Language name is empty&quot;)
			end
		elseif data and data.type == &quot;reconstructed&quot; then
			mw.log(&quot;Reconstructed language without asterisk:&quot;, languageCode, name, entry)
			local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			-- Track reconstructed entries with no asterisk by transcluding
			-- a nonexistent template. This technique is used in Wiktionary:
			-- see [[wikt:Module:debug]].
			-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/tracking/wikt-lang/reconstructed with no asterisk]]
			pcall(frame.expandTemplate, frame,
				{ title = 'tracking/wikt-lang/reconstructed with no asterisk' })
			if name ~= &quot;&quot; then
				entry = &quot;Reconstruction:&quot; .. name .. &quot;/&quot; .. entry
			else
				error(&quot;Language name is empty&quot;)
			end
		elseif data and data.type == &quot;appendix&quot; then
			if name ~= &quot;&quot; then
				entry = &quot;Appendix:&quot; .. name .. &quot;/&quot; .. entry
			else
				error(&quot;Language name is empty&quot;)
			end
		end
		if entry and linkText then
			return &quot;[[wikt:&quot; .. entry .. &quot;#&quot; .. name .. &quot;|&quot; .. linkText .. &quot;]]&quot;
		else
			error(&quot;linkToWiktionary needs a Wiktionary entry or link text, or both&quot;)
		end
	else
		return &quot;[[wikt:&quot; .. entry .. &quot;|&quot; .. linkText .. &quot;]]&quot;
	end
end

function p.wiktlang(frame)
	local parent = frame:getParent()
	local args = parent.args[1] and parent.args or frame.args
	
	local codes = args[1] and mw.text.trim(args[1])
	local word1 = ifNotEmpty(args[2])
	local word2 = ifNotEmpty(args[3])
	
	if not args[2] or '' == args[2] then
		return '&lt;span style=&quot;color:#d33&quot;&gt;[text?] Parameter 2 is required&lt;/span&gt;';
	end
	
	local languageCode, scriptCode, errorText = getCodes(codes)
	
	local italics = args.italics or args.i or args.italic
	italics = not (italics == &quot;n&quot; or italics == &quot;-&quot; or italics == &quot;no&quot;)
	
	local entry, linkText
	if word2 and word1 then
		entry = makeEntryName(word1, languageCode)
		linkText = word2
	elseif word1 then
		entry = makeEntryName(word1, languageCode)
		linkText = word1
	end

	local italicize = italics and (scriptCode == &quot;Latn&quot; or require(&quot;Module:Unicode data&quot;).is_Latin(linkText))

	local out
	if languageCode and entry and linkText then
		out = tag(linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText, languageCode), languageCode, scriptCode, italicize)
	elseif entry and linkText then
		out = linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText)
	else
		out = '&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;[text?]&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	
	if out and errorText then
		return out .. errorText
	else
		return errorText or error(&quot;The function wiktlang generated nothing&quot;)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>a1gmtrj3hb88pnlx5jl8b226ejby5y3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Wikt-lang/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33533</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157744</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:39:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Module rating|beta}} {{Language templates}} {{Lua|Module:Wikt-lang/data|Module:Unicode data}} &lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;  This module is used by {{tlx|Wikt-lang}}. It is inspired by the templates [[wikt:Template:m|{{((}}m{{))}}]] and [[wikt:Template:l|{{((}}l{{))}}]] and their associated modules on Wiktionary. It has a Wiktionary link function that links...'</comment>
      <origin>157744</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3602" sha1="mw7doij3rlifhms5x0dy0ut09wl7r14" xml:space="preserve">{{Module rating|beta}}
{{Language templates}}
{{Lua|Module:Wikt-lang/data|Module:Unicode data}}
&lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;

This module is used by {{tlx|Wikt-lang}}. It is inspired by the templates [[wikt:Template:m|{{((}}m{{))}}]] and [[wikt:Template:l|{{((}}l{{))}}]] and their associated modules on Wiktionary. It has a Wiktionary link function that links to the correct section of the Wiktionary entry, and applies correct language formatting and italics. The language-tagging function does most of what {{t|Lang}} does, except that italics can't be customized and categories aren't added.

The module uses [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]] to retrieve the language name for a language code, and to perform the necessary entry-name replacements (for instance, removing macrons from Latin entry names). These are unfortunately not automatically retrieved from Wiktionary's [[wikt:Category:Language data modules|Wikt-lang data modules]]. For language codes that do not have a &lt;code&gt;name&lt;/code&gt; value in this module, the language name is fetched with &lt;code&gt;mw.language.fetchLanguage&lt;/code&gt;. When &lt;code&gt;mw.language.fetchLanguage&lt;/code&gt; does not fetch the correct language name (or any language name at all), please add it to [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]], and similarly when the correct entry name is not generated, please add the entry name replacements to the module.

===Examples===
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|en|language}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|en|language}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|en|language|languages}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|en|language|languages}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|fr|bourguignon}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|fr|bourguignon}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|la|homō}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|la|homō}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|grc|δημοκρατίᾱ}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|grc|δημοκρατίᾱ}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|ru|язы́к}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|ru|язы́к}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|ar|العَرَبِيَّة}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|ar|العَرَبِيَّة}} 
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|fa|فارسی}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|fa|فارسی}} 
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|ine-x-proto|*h₂enǵʰ-}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|ine-x-proto|*h₂enǵʰ-}}

====Invalid codes====
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|EN|language}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|EN|language}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|En|language|languages}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|En|language|languages}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|La|homō}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|La|homō}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Grc|δημοκρατίᾱ}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Grc|δημοκρατίᾱ}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Ru|язы́к}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Ru|язы́к}}
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Ar|العَرَبِيَّة}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Ar|العَرَبِيَّة}} 
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Fa|فارسی}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|Fa|فارسی}} 

====Errors====
* {{mlx|Wikt-lang|wiktlang|en-Latin|language}} -&gt; {{#invoke:Wikt-lang|wiktlang|en-Latin|language}}

== Comparison of codes ==
{{#invoke:Wikt-lang/comparison|main}}

== Tracking categories ==
* [[Template:Tracking/wikt-lang/reconstructed with no asterisk]]

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>mw7doij3rlifhms5x0dy0ut09wl7r14</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Wikt-lang/data</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33534</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157745</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:41:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'local U = mw.ustring.char  -- Diacritics, from the [[Combining Diacritical Marks]] block. local grave        = U(0x300) local acute        = U(0x301) local circumflex   = U(0x302) local tilde        = U(0x303) local macron       = U(0x304) local breve        = U(0x306) local dot          = U(0x307) local diaeresis    = U(0x308) local double_acute = U(0x30B) local caron        = U(0x30C) local double_grave = U(0x30F) local invbreve     = U(0x311) local dot_belo...'</comment>
      <origin>157745</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="16815" sha1="os2je7x9hgy975lzx6zs8kn0kkg7nz2" xml:space="preserve">local U = mw.ustring.char

-- Diacritics, from the [[Combining Diacritical Marks]] block.
local grave        = U(0x300)
local acute        = U(0x301)
local circumflex   = U(0x302)
local tilde        = U(0x303)
local macron       = U(0x304)
local breve        = U(0x306)
local dot          = U(0x307)
local diaeresis    = U(0x308)
local double_acute = U(0x30B)
local caron        = U(0x30C)
local double_grave = U(0x30F)
local invbreve     = U(0x311)
local dot_below    = U(0x323)
local undertie     = U(0x35C)

--[[
	
	This is a table of Wiktionary language codes with data belonging to them.
	Name is the &quot;canonical name&quot; used on Wiktionary.
	Article is the Wikipedia article.
	Script is the ISO 15924 code.
]]
local data = {
	[&quot;languages&quot;] = {
		[&quot;aaq&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Penobscot&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ab&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Abkhaz&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;abe&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Abenaki&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;alg-pro&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Algonquian&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Algonquian language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ang&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old English&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = {&quot;Old English&quot;},
			-- Remove macrons, acutes, and overdots
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from = { &quot;[&quot; .. macron .. acute .. dot .. &quot;]&quot; },
			},
		},
		[&quot;ar&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Arabic language&quot;,
			[&quot;direction&quot;] = &quot;rtl&quot;, -- Should be in the script data module.
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- ālif with wasla is replaced by ālif;
				[U(0x0671)] = U(0x0627),
				-- taṭwīl, fatḥatan, ḍammatan, kasratan,
				-- fatḥa, ḍamma, kasra,
				-- shadda, sukūn, and superscript (dagger) ālif are removed.
				[&quot;[&quot;..U(0x0640)..U(0x064B)..U(0x064C)..U(0x064D)
					..U(0x064E)..U(0x064F)..U(0x0650)
					..U(0x0651)..U(0x0652)..U(0x0670)..&quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;ara&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Arabic language&quot;,
			[&quot;direction&quot;] = &quot;rtl&quot;, -- Should be in the script data module.
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- ālif with wasla is replaced by ālif;
				[U(0x0671)] = U(0x0627),
				-- taṭwīl, fatḥatan, ḍammatan, kasratan,
				-- fatḥa, ḍamma, kasra,
				-- shadda, sukūn, and superscript (dagger) ālif are removed.
				[&quot;[&quot;..U(0x0640)..U(0x064B)..U(0x064C)..U(0x064D)
					..U(0x064E)..U(0x064F)..U(0x0650)
					..U(0x0651)..U(0x0652)..U(0x0670)..&quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;arb&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Modern Standard Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Modern Standard Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;direction&quot;] = &quot;rtl&quot;, -- Should be in the script data module.
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- ālif with wasla is replaced by ālif;
				[U(0x0671)] = U(0x0627),
				-- taṭwīl, fatḥatan, ḍammatan, kasratan,
				-- fatḥa, ḍamma, kasra,
				-- shadda, sukūn, and superscript (dagger) ālif are removed.
				[&quot;[&quot;..U(0x0640)..U(0x064B)..U(0x064C)..U(0x064D)
					..U(0x064E)..U(0x064F)..U(0x0650)
					..U(0x0651)..U(0x0652)..U(0x0670)..&quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;apc&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;North Levantine Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;North Levantine Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;direction&quot;] = &quot;rtl&quot;, -- Should be in the script data module.
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- ālif with wasla is replaced by ālif;
				[U(0x0671)] = U(0x0627),
				-- taṭwīl, fatḥatan, ḍammatan, kasratan,
				-- fatḥa, ḍamma, kasra,
				-- shadda, sukūn, and superscript (dagger) ālif are removed.
				[&quot;[&quot;..U(0x0640)..U(0x064B)..U(0x064C)..U(0x064D)
					..U(0x064E)..U(0x064F)..U(0x0650)
					..U(0x0651)..U(0x0652)..U(0x0670)..&quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;ajp&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;South Levantine Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;South Levantine Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;direction&quot;] = &quot;rtl&quot;, -- Should be in the script data module.
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- ālif with wasla is replaced by ālif;
				[U(0x0671)] = U(0x0627),
				-- taṭwīl, fatḥatan, ḍammatan, kasratan,
				-- fatḥa, ḍamma, kasra,
				-- shadda, sukūn, and superscript (dagger) ālif are removed.
				[&quot;[&quot;..U(0x0640)..U(0x064B)..U(0x064C)..U(0x064D)
					..U(0x064E)..U(0x064F)..U(0x0650)
					..U(0x0651)..U(0x0652)..U(0x0670)..&quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;arz&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Egyptian Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Egyptian Arabic&quot;,
			[&quot;direction&quot;] = &quot;rtl&quot;, -- Should be in the script data module.
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- ālif with wasla is replaced by ālif;
				[U(0x0671)] = U(0x0627),
				-- taṭwīl, fatḥatan, ḍammatan, kasratan,
				-- fatḥa, ḍamma, kasra,
				-- shadda, sukūn, and superscript (dagger) ālif are removed.
				[&quot;[&quot;..U(0x0640)..U(0x064B)..U(0x064C)..U(0x064D)
					..U(0x064E)..U(0x064F)..U(0x0650)
					..U(0x0651)..U(0x0652)..U(0x0670)..&quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;av&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Avar&quot;
		},
		[&quot;be&quot;] = {
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Belarusian language&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = { [acute] = &quot;&quot;, },
		},
		[&quot;bn&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Bengali&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Bengali language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;blj&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Bulungan&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Bulungan language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;bua&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Buryat&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;cel-pro&quot;] = {							-- Incorrect tag
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Celtic&quot;,
			[&quot;Wikipedia_code&quot;] = &quot;cel-x-proto&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;cel-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Celtic&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;cel-bry-pro&quot;] = {						-- Incorrect tag
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Brythonic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Common Brittonic&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
		},
	    [&quot;com&quot;] = {
	    	[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Comanche&quot;,
	    	[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Comanche language&quot;,
	    },
		[&quot;cu&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Church Slavonic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Old Church Slavonic&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;de&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;German&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;German language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;en&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;English&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;English language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;es&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Spanish&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Spanish language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;egy&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Egyptian&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;evn&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Evenki&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Evenki language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;fr&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;French&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;French language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;frm&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Middle French&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Middle French&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;frp&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Franco-Provençal&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ff&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Fula&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;gem-pro&quot;] = {							-- Incorrect tag
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Germanic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Germanic language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
			[&quot;Wikipedia_code&quot;] = &quot;gem-x-proto&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;gem-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Germanic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Germanic language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
		},
		[&quot;gml&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Middle Low German&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;gmw-ecg&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;East Central German&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;gmw-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-West Germanic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-West Germanic language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
		},
		[&quot;gmq-x-gut&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Gutnish&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Gutnish&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;goh&quot;] = {
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from = {
					&quot;[&quot; .. macron .. circumflex .. diaeresis .. &quot;]&quot;,
				},
			},
		},
		[&quot;got&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Gothic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Gothic language&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				-- Latin to Gothic since people will not want to have to copy
				-- and paste Gothic letters in
				[&quot;[AÁaáĀā]&quot;] = &quot;𐌰&quot;,
				[&quot;[Bb]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌱&quot;,
				[&quot;[Gg]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌲&quot;,
				[&quot;[Dd]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌳&quot;,
				[&quot;[EeĒē]&quot;]   = &quot;𐌴&quot;,
				[&quot;[Qq]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌵&quot;,
				[&quot;[Zz]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌶&quot;,
				[&quot;[Hh]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌷&quot;,
				[&quot;[Þþ]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌸&quot;,
				[&quot;[IiÍí]&quot;]   = &quot;𐌹&quot;,
				[&quot;[Kk]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌺&quot;,
				[&quot;[Ll]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌻&quot;,
				[&quot;[Mm]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌼&quot;,
				[&quot;[Nn]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌽&quot;,
				[&quot;[Jj]&quot;]     = &quot;𐌾&quot;,		
				[&quot;[UuÚúŪū]&quot;] = &quot;𐌿&quot;,	
				[&quot;[Pp]&quot;]     = &quot;𐍀&quot;,		
				[&quot;[Rr]&quot;]     = &quot;𐍂&quot;,	
				[&quot;[Ss]&quot;]     = &quot;𐍃&quot;,	
				[&quot;[Tt]&quot;]     = &quot;𐍄&quot;,	
				[&quot;[WwYy]&quot;]   = &quot;𐍅&quot;,
				[&quot;[Ff]&quot;]     = &quot;𐍆&quot;,
				[&quot;[Xx]&quot;]     = &quot;𐍇&quot;,
				[&quot;[Ƕƕ]&quot;]    = &quot;𐍈&quot;, -- Not sure if &quot;hw&quot; and &quot;hv&quot; can safely be converted
				[&quot;[OoŌō]&quot;]   = &quot;𐍉&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;gsw&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Alemannic German&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;grc&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Ancient Greek&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Ancient Greek&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from = {
					-- Replace variant letterforms with standard ones.
					&quot;ϐ&quot;, &quot;ϵ&quot;, &quot;ϑ&quot;, &quot;ϰ&quot;, &quot;ϱ&quot;, &quot;ϲ&quot;, &quot;ϕ&quot;,
					-- Remove macrons and breves.
					&quot;[&quot; .. macron .. breve .. undertie .. &quot;]&quot;
				},
				to   = {
					&quot;β&quot;, &quot;ε&quot;, &quot;θ&quot;, &quot;κ&quot;, &quot;ρ&quot;, &quot;σ&quot;, &quot;φ&quot;,
				}
			},
		},
		[&quot;grk-pro&quot;] = {							-- Incorrect tag
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Hellenic&quot;,
			[&quot;Wikipedia_name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Greek&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Greek language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
			[&quot;Wikipedia_code&quot;] = &quot;grk-x-proto&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;grk-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Hellenic&quot;,
			[&quot;Wikipedia_name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Greek&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Greek language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
		},
		[&quot;grt&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Garo&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ha&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Hausa&quot;,
			-- remove tilde, grave, acute, macron, circumflex
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from = { &quot;[&quot; .. grave .. circumflex .. macron .. acute .. tilde .. &quot;]&quot; },
			},
		},
		[&quot;hi&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Hindi&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Hindi&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ilo&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Ilocano&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Ilocano language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ine-bsl-pro&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Balto-Slavic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Balto-Slavic language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ine-pro&quot;] = {							-- Incorrect tag
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-European&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-European language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
			[&quot;Wikipedia_code&quot;] = &quot;ine-x-proto&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ine-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-European&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-European language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {},
		},
		[&quot;ja&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Japanese&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Japanese language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;jbo&quot;] = { -- Lojban
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;appendix&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ket&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Ket&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Ket language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ksk&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Kansa&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Kansa language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;la&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Latin&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Latin&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from = { &quot;[&quot; .. macron .. breve .. diaeresis .. &quot;]&quot; },
			},
		},
		[&quot;lt&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Lithuanian&quot;,
			-- remove acute, tilde, grave
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from = { &quot;[&quot; .. acute .. tilde .. grave .. &quot;]&quot; },
			},
		},
		[&quot;mkh-mvi&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Middle Vietnamese&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;moe&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Cree&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;mul&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Translingual&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;nci&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Classical Nahuatl&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Classical Nahuatl&quot;,
			-- Remove macrons, acutes, circumflexes and graves
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				-- Remove macrons, acutes, circumflexes, graves, and saltillo;
				-- see [[Saltillo (linguistics)]].
				from = { &quot;[&quot; .. grave .. acute .. macron .. circumflex .. &quot;Ꞌꞌʻʼ'ʔ]&quot; },
			},
		},
		[&quot;nds-de&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;German Low German&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;non&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Norse&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;non-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Norse&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;odt&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Dutch&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;oge&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Georgian&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;oj&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Ojibwe&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;orv&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old East Slavic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Old East Slavic&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				[U(0x484)] = &quot;&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;osp&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Spanish&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;osx&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Saxon&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;gug&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Paraguayan Guaraní&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;pt&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Portuguese&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Portuguese language&quot;,
			-- [&quot;scripts&quot;] = { &quot;Latn&quot; },
		},
		[&quot;pa&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Punjabi&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Punjabi language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;pgl&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Primitive Irish&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Primitive Irish&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;pis&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Pijin&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Pijin language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;poz-x-poly-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Nuclear Polynesian&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Polynesian language&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;rap&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Rapa Nui&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Rapa Nui language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ru&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Russian&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Russian language&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = { [acute] = &quot;&quot;, },
		},
		[&quot;rw&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Rwanda-Rundi&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;se&quot;] = {
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				[&quot;([đflmnŋrsšŧv])'%1&quot;] = &quot;%1%1&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;sem-pro&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Semitic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Semitic&quot;,
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;sh&quot;] = {
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Serbo-Croatian language&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				from =  { &quot;([AaEeIiOoUuRrАаЕеИиОоУуРр])[&quot; .. double_grave
					.. grave .. invbreve .. acute .. macron .. tilde .. &quot;]&quot; },
				to   = { &quot;%1&quot; },
			},
		},
		[&quot;sl&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Slovene&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				decompose = true,
				-- remove tonal orthography
				from = {&quot;ł&quot;, &quot;[&quot; .. grave .. acute .. macron .. double_grave .. invbreve .. circumflex .. dot_below .. &quot;]&quot;},
				to = {&quot;l&quot;},
			},
		},
		[&quot;sla-pro&quot;] = {							-- Incorrect tag
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Slavic&quot;, -- also Common Slavic
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				[&quot;[ÀÁÃĀȀȂ]&quot;] = &quot;A&quot;,
				[&quot;[àáãāȁȃ]&quot;] = &quot;a&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÈÉẼĒȄȆ]&quot;] = &quot;E&quot;,
				[&quot;[èéẽēȅȇ]&quot;] = &quot;e&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÌÍĨĪȈȊ]&quot;] = &quot;I&quot;,
				[&quot;[ìíĩīȉȋ]&quot;] = &quot;i&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÒÓÕŌȌȎŐ]&quot;] = &quot;O&quot;, 
				[&quot;[òóõōȍȏő]&quot;] = &quot;o&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÙÚŨŪȔȖŰ]&quot;] = &quot;U&quot;,
				[&quot;[ùúũūȕȗű]&quot;] = &quot;u&quot;,
				[&quot;[ỲÝỸȲ]&quot;] = &quot;Y&quot;,
				[&quot;[ỳýỹȳ]&quot;] = &quot;y&quot;,
				[&quot;Ǭ&quot;] = &quot;Ǫ&quot;,
				[&quot;ǭ&quot;] = &quot;ǫ&quot;,
				[&quot;[&quot; .. grave .. acute .. double_acute .. tilde .. macron .. double_grave .. invbreve .. &quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
				[&quot;ĭ&quot;] = &quot;ь&quot;,
				[&quot;ŭ&quot;] = &quot;ъ&quot;,
			},
			[&quot;Wikipedia_code&quot;] = &quot;sla-x-proto&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;sla-x-proto&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Slavic&quot;, -- also Common Slavic
			[&quot;type&quot;] = &quot;reconstructed&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				[&quot;[ÀÁÃĀȀȂ]&quot;] = &quot;A&quot;,
				[&quot;[àáãāȁȃ]&quot;] = &quot;a&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÈÉẼĒȄȆ]&quot;] = &quot;E&quot;,
				[&quot;[èéẽēȅȇ]&quot;] = &quot;e&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÌÍĨĪȈȊ]&quot;] = &quot;I&quot;,
				[&quot;[ìíĩīȉȋ]&quot;] = &quot;i&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÒÓÕŌȌȎŐ]&quot;] = &quot;O&quot;, 
				[&quot;[òóõōȍȏő]&quot;] = &quot;o&quot;,
				[&quot;[ÙÚŨŪȔȖŰ]&quot;] = &quot;U&quot;,
				[&quot;[ùúũūȕȗű]&quot;] = &quot;u&quot;,
				[&quot;[ỲÝỸȲ]&quot;] = &quot;Y&quot;,
				[&quot;[ỳýỹȳ]&quot;] = &quot;y&quot;,
				[&quot;Ǭ&quot;] = &quot;Ǫ&quot;,
				[&quot;ǭ&quot;] = &quot;ǫ&quot;,
				[&quot;[&quot; .. grave .. acute .. double_acute .. tilde .. macron .. double_grave .. invbreve .. &quot;]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
				[&quot;ĭ&quot;] = &quot;ь&quot;,
				[&quot;ŭ&quot;] = &quot;ъ&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;tts&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Isan&quot;, -- also &quot;Northeastern Thai&quot;
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Isan language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;tzo&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Tzotzil&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Tzotzil language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;ug&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Uyghur&quot;, --also less commonly &quot;Uighur&quot;
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Uyghur language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;uk&quot;] = {
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Ukrainian language&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = { [acute] = &quot;&quot;, }
		},
		[&quot;ur&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Urdu&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Urdu&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;xcl&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Armenian&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Classical Armenian&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				[&quot;[՞՜՛՟]&quot;] = &quot;&quot;,
				[&quot;և&quot;] = &quot;եւ&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;xgf&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Tongva&quot;, -- not ISO name &quot;Gabrielino-Fernandeño&quot;
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Tongva language&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = {
				[&quot;['`ʔ]&quot;] = &quot;ʼ&quot;,
			},
		},
		[&quot;xlu&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Luwian&quot;, -- not ISO name &quot;Cuneiform Luwian&quot;
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Cuneiform Luwian&quot;
		},
		[&quot;xpq&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Mohegan-Pequot&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;xxt&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Tambora&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Tambora language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;xvn&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Vandalic&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Vandalic language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;yua&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Yucatec Maya&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Yucatec Maya language&quot;,
		},
		[&quot;zh&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Chinese&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Chinese language&quot;,
			-- [&quot;scripts&quot;] = { &quot;Hani&quot; },
		},
		[&quot;zle-ort&quot;] = {
			[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;Old Ruthenian&quot;,
			[&quot;article&quot;] = &quot;Old Ruthenian&quot;,
			[&quot;replacements&quot;] = { [acute] = &quot;&quot;, },
		},
	},

-- Here, keys (for example, &quot;gem&quot;) are Wikipedia language codes used in
-- {{lang}}, and values (for example, &quot;gem-pro&quot;) are the equivalent Wiktionary
-- code.
-- Subtags are not currently supported.
	[&quot;redirects&quot;] = {
		[&quot;aae&quot;] = &quot;sq&quot;,
		[&quot;aiq&quot;] = &quot;fa&quot;,
		[&quot;aln&quot;] = &quot;sq&quot;,
		[&quot;als&quot;] = &quot;sq&quot;,
		[&quot;azb&quot;] = &quot;az&quot;,
		[&quot;azj&quot;] = &quot;az&quot;,
		[&quot;bgn&quot;] = &quot;bal&quot;,
		[&quot;bs&quot;] = &quot;sh&quot;,
		[&quot;bxr&quot;] = &quot;bua&quot;,
		[&quot;ciw&quot;] = &quot;oj&quot;,
		[&quot;cnr&quot;] = &quot;sh&quot;,
		[&quot;fil&quot;] = &quot;tl&quot;,
		[&quot;fuf&quot;] = &quot;ff&quot;,
		[&quot;gem&quot;] = &quot;gem-pro&quot;, -- Not correct, but is commonly used.
		[&quot;hak&quot;] = &quot;zh&quot;,
		[&quot;hbo&quot;] = &quot;he&quot;,
		[&quot;hr&quot;] = &quot;sh&quot;,
		[&quot;ine&quot;] = &quot;ine-pro&quot;, -- Not correct, but might be commonly used.
		[&quot;kjv&quot;] = &quot;sh&quot;,
		[&quot;nan&quot;] = &quot;zh&quot;,
		[&quot;prs&quot;] = &quot;fa&quot;,
		[&quot;rn&quot;] = &quot;rw&quot;,
		[&quot;sli&quot;] = &quot;gmw-ecg&quot;,
		[&quot;sr&quot;] = &quot;sh&quot;,
		[&quot;src&quot;] = &quot;sc&quot;,
		[&quot;sro&quot;] = &quot;sc&quot;,
		[&quot;tw&quot;] = &quot;ak&quot;,
		[&quot;wae&quot;] = &quot;gsw&quot;,
		[&quot;wep&quot;] = &quot;nds-de&quot;,
		[&quot;yue&quot;] = &quot;zh&quot;,
		[&quot;xno&quot;] = &quot;fro&quot;,
	},
}

return data</text>
      <sha1>os2je7x9hgy975lzx6zs8kn0kkg7nz2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Wikt-lang/data/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33535</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157746</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:41:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{language templates}}  The &lt;code&gt;redirects&lt;/code&gt; table in [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]] connects Wikipedia language codes to the corresponding code used on the English Wiktionary. [[wikt:Wiktionary:Language treatment]] records this relationship for ISO codes. For instance, all of &lt;code&gt;bs&lt;/code&gt; (Bosnian), &lt;code&gt;hr&lt;/code&gt; (Croatian), &lt;code&gt;sr&lt;/code&gt; (Serbian), &lt;code&gt;cnr&lt;/code&gt; (Montenegrin), &lt;code&gt;kjv&lt;/code&gt; (Kajkavian) are placed under the header for &lt;code&gt;sh&lt;/...'</comment>
      <origin>157746</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="906" sha1="3ugm996r93aduptwjmu8db2jw7v1b81" xml:space="preserve">{{language templates}}

The &lt;code&gt;redirects&lt;/code&gt; table in [[Module:Wikt-lang/data]] connects Wikipedia language codes to the corresponding code used on the English Wiktionary. [[wikt:Wiktionary:Language treatment]] records this relationship for ISO codes. For instance, all of &lt;code&gt;bs&lt;/code&gt; (Bosnian), &lt;code&gt;hr&lt;/code&gt; (Croatian), &lt;code&gt;sr&lt;/code&gt; (Serbian), &lt;code&gt;cnr&lt;/code&gt; (Montenegrin), &lt;code&gt;kjv&lt;/code&gt; (Kajkavian) are placed under the header for &lt;code&gt;sh&lt;/code&gt; (Serbo-Croatian) in Wiktionary entries. See for instance [[wikt:kaj#Serbo-Croatian]], the word that Kajkavian is named after. The subsumed codes should still be used in language-tagging on Wikipedia.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>3ugm996r93aduptwjmu8db2jw7v1b81</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Langlink</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33536</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157747</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:45:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;onlyinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;[[{{{2}}}|{{lang{{#if:{{{straight|}}}|r}}|{{{1}}}|{{{3|{{{2}}}}}}|cat=no}}]]&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;/onlyinclude&gt; {{Documentation|content= {{lowercase}} {{Language templates}} This template creates an internal link with a linktext that is wrapped in {{tl|lang}} or {{tl|langr}}. This is necessary because, if the language tag is placed outside the link, both [[WP:PAGEPREVIEWS]] and [[WP:POPUPS]] will prevent display of the language tooltip creat...'</comment>
      <origin>157747</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1403" sha1="oez2t04r0ceo377jqg0rni6m6gzqojn" xml:space="preserve">&lt;onlyinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;[[{{{2}}}|{{lang{{#if:{{{straight|}}}|r}}|{{{1}}}|{{{3|{{{2}}}}}}|cat=no}}]]&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;/onlyinclude&gt;
{{Documentation|content=
{{lowercase}}
{{Language templates}}
This template creates an internal link with a linktext that is wrapped in {{tl|lang}} or {{tl|langr}}. This is necessary because, if the language tag is placed outside the link, both [[WP:PAGEPREVIEWS]] and [[WP:POPUPS]] will prevent display of the language tooltip created by {{tl|lang}} and {{tl|langr}}.

== Usage ==
* The first unnamed parameter is the language code to be passed to {{code|{{((}}lang{{))}}|lang=wikitext}}. 
* The second unnamed parameter is the page name of the link target. 
* The optional third unnamed parameter is a custom linktext. If not specified, the third parameter defaults to the page name. 
* The parameter {{para|straight}}, if present and not empty, will suppress italics, as required for people, places, and organizations, per [[MOS:FOREIGNITALIC]].
: The wrapper template {{tl|langrlink}} will set {{para|straight}} automatically.

== Examples ==
* Two parameters: {{langlink|fr|À bout de souffle}}
* With linktext: {{langlink|fr|Breathless (1960 film)|À bout de souffle}}
* With {{para|straight}}: {{langlink|fr|Jean-Luc Godard|straight=y}}
* Four parameters: {{langlink|fr|Breathless (1960 film)|À bout de souffle|straight=y}}

[[category:internal link templates]]
}}</text>
      <sha1>oez2t04r0ceo377jqg0rni6m6gzqojn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Keuseutani Agông</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33537</id>
    <redirect title="Keuseutani Rayek" />
    <revision>
      <id>157749</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T05:51:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tinta Emas Historia Network geupinah laman [[Keuseutani Agông]] u [[Keuseutani Rayek]]</comment>
      <origin>157749</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29" sha1="qss8u395qifm2mdofcgcup3z470kkok" xml:space="preserve">#PUPINAH [[Keuseutani Rayek]]</text>
      <sha1>qss8u395qifm2mdofcgcup3z470kkok</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Unicode data</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33538</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157751</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:09:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'local p = {}  local floor = math.floor  local function errorf(level, ...) 	if type(level) == &quot;number&quot; then 		return error(string.format(...), level + 1) 	else -- level is actually the format string. 		return error(string.format(level, ...), 2) 	end end  local function binary_range_search(codepoint, ranges) 	local low, mid, high 	low, high = 1, ranges.length or require &quot;Module:TableTools&quot;.length(ranges) 	while low &lt;= high do 		mid = floor((low + high) / 2) 		lo...'</comment>
      <origin>157751</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="17840" sha1="0bmijmiahut83zj2qi3ei4370mzmnkk" xml:space="preserve">local p = {}

local floor = math.floor

local function errorf(level, ...)
	if type(level) == &quot;number&quot; then
		return error(string.format(...), level + 1)
	else -- level is actually the format string.
		return error(string.format(level, ...), 2)
	end
end

local function binary_range_search(codepoint, ranges)
	local low, mid, high
	low, high = 1, ranges.length or require &quot;Module:TableTools&quot;.length(ranges)
	while low &lt;= high do
		mid = floor((low + high) / 2)
		local range = ranges[mid]
		if codepoint &lt; range[1] then
			high = mid - 1
		elseif codepoint &lt;= range[2] then
			return range, mid
		else
			low = mid + 1
		end
	end
	return nil, mid
end
p.binary_range_search = binary_range_search

--[[
local function linear_range_search(codepoint, ranges)
	for i, range in ipairs(ranges) do
		if range[1] &lt;= codepoint and codepoint &lt;= range[2] then
			return range
		end
	end
end
--]]

-- Load a module by indexing &quot;loader&quot; with the name of the module minus the
-- &quot;Module:Unicode data/&quot; part. For instance, loader.blocks returns
-- [[Module:Unicode data/blocks]]. If a module cannot be loaded, false will be
-- returned.
local loader = setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function (self, key)
		local success, data = pcall(mw.loadData, &quot;Module:Unicode data/&quot; .. key)
		if not success then
			data = false
		end
		self[key] = data
		return data
	end
})

-- For the algorithm used to generate Hangul Syllable names,
-- see &quot;Hangul Syllable Name Generation&quot; in section 3.12 of the
-- Unicode Specification:
-- https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/ch03.pdf
-- binary_range_search assumes these are ordered by codepoint. Do not place them in a random order!
local name_hooks = {
	{     0x00,     0x1F, &quot;&lt;control-%04X&gt;&quot; }, -- C0 control characters
	{     0x7F,     0x9F, &quot;&lt;control-%04X&gt;&quot; }, -- DEL and C1 control characters
	{   0x3400,   0x4DBF, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension A
	{   0x4E00,   0x9FFF, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph
	{   0xAC00,   0xD7A3, function (codepoint) -- Hangul Syllables
		local Hangul_data = loader.Hangul
		local syllable_index = codepoint - 0xAC00

		return (&quot;HANGUL SYLLABLE %s%s%s&quot;):format(
			Hangul_data.leads[floor(syllable_index / Hangul_data.final_count)],
			Hangul_data.vowels[floor((syllable_index % Hangul_data.final_count)
				/ Hangul_data.trail_count)],
			Hangul_data.trails[syllable_index % Hangul_data.trail_count]
		)
	end },
	-- High Surrogates, High Private Use Surrogates, Low Surrogates
	{   0xD800,   0xDFFF, &quot;&lt;surrogate-%04X&gt;&quot; },
	{   0xE000,   0xF8FF, &quot;&lt;private-use-%04X&gt;&quot; }, -- Private Use

	-- CJK Compatibility Ideographs
	{   0xF900,   0xFA6D, &quot;CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; },
	{   0xFA70,   0xFAD9, &quot;CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; },
	{   0xFE00,   0xFE0F, function (codepoint) -- Variation Selectors
		return (&quot;VARIATION SELECTOR-%d&quot;):format(codepoint - 0xFE00 + 1)
	end},
	{  0x13460,  0x143FA, &quot;EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH-%04X&quot; },
	{  0x17000,  0x187FF, &quot;TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- Tangut Ideograph
	{  0x18800,  0x18AFF, function (codepoint)
		return (&quot;TANGUT COMPONENT-%03d&quot;):format(codepoint - 0x187FF)
	end },
	{  0x18D00,  0x18D1E, &quot;TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- Tangut Ideograph Supplement
	{  0x18D80,  0x18DF2, function (codepoint)
		return (&quot;TANGUT COMPONENT-%03d&quot;):format(codepoint - 0x18A7F)
	end },
	{  0x1B170,  0x1B2FB, &quot;NUSHU CHARACTER-%04X&quot; }, -- Nushu
	{  0x20000,  0x2A6DF, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension B
	{  0x2A700,  0x2B73F, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension C
	{  0x2B740,  0x2B81D, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension D
	{  0x2B820,  0x2CEAD, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension E
	{  0x2CEB0,  0x2EBE0, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension F
	{  0x2EBF0,  0x2EE5D, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension I
	{  0x2F800,  0x2FA1D, &quot;CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement (Supplementary Ideographic Plane)
	{  0x30000,  0x3134A, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension G
	{  0x31350,  0x323AF, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension H
	{  0x323B0,  0x33479, &quot;CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X&quot; }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension J
	{  0xE0100,  0xE01EF, function (codepoint) -- Variation Selectors Supplement
		return (&quot;VARIATION SELECTOR-%d&quot;):format(codepoint - 0xE0100 + 17)
	end},
	{  0xF0000,  0xFFFFD, &quot;&lt;private-use-%04X&gt;&quot; }, -- Plane 15 Private Use
	{ 0x100000, 0x10FFFD, &quot;&lt;private-use-%04X&gt;&quot; }  -- Plane 16 Private Use
}
name_hooks.length = #name_hooks

local name_range_cache

local function generate_name(data, codepoint)
	if type(data) == &quot;string&quot; then
		return data:format(codepoint)
	else
		return data(codepoint)
	end
end

--[[
-- Checks that the code point is a number and in range.
-- Does not check whether code point is an integer.
-- Not used
local function check_codepoint(funcName, argIdx, val)
	require 'libraryUtil'.checkType(funcName, argIdx, val, 'number')
	if codepoint &lt; 0 or 0x10FFFF &lt; codepoint then
		errorf(&quot;Codepoint %04X out of range&quot;, codepoint)
	end
end
--]]

function p.is_noncharacter(codepoint)
	-- U+FDD0-U+FDEF and all code points ending in FFFE or FFFF are Unassigned
	-- (Cn) and specifically noncharacters:

	-- https://www.unicode.org/faq/private_use.html#nonchar4
	return 0xFDD0 &lt;= codepoint and (codepoint &lt;= 0xFDEF
			or floor(codepoint % 0x10000) &gt;= 0xFFFE)
end

-- https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/ch04.pdf, section 4.8
function p.lookup_name(codepoint)
	if p.is_noncharacter(codepoint) then
		return (&quot;&lt;noncharacter-%04X&gt;&quot;):format(codepoint)
	end

	if name_range_cache -- Check if previously used &quot;name hook&quot; applies to this code point.
			and codepoint &gt;= name_range_cache[1]
			and codepoint &lt;= name_range_cache[2] then
		return generate_name(name_range_cache[3], codepoint)
	end
	
	local range = binary_range_search(codepoint, name_hooks)
	if range then
		name_range_cache = range
		return generate_name(range[3], codepoint)
	end

	local data = loader[('names/%03X'):format(codepoint / 0x1000)]
	
	if data and data[codepoint] then
		return data[codepoint]
	
	-- Unassigned (Cn) consists of noncharacters and reserved characters.
	-- The character has been established not to be a noncharacter,
	-- and if it were assigned, its name would already been retrieved,
	-- so it must be reserved.
	else
		return (&quot;&lt;reserved-%04X&gt;&quot;):format(codepoint)
	end
end

function p.lookup_image(codepoint)
	local data = loader[('images/%03X'):format(codepoint / 0x1000)]
	
	if data then
		return data[codepoint]
	end
end

local planes = {
	[ 0] = &quot;Basic Multilingual Plane&quot;;
	[ 1] = &quot;Supplementary Multilingual Plane&quot;;
	[ 2] = &quot;Supplementary Ideographic Plane&quot;;
	[ 3] = &quot;Tertiary Ideographic Plane&quot;;
	[14] = &quot;Supplementary Special-purpose Plane&quot;;
	[15] = &quot;Supplementary Private Use Area-A&quot;;
	[16] = &quot;Supplementary Private Use Area-B&quot;;
}

-- Load [[Module:Unicode data/blocks]] if needed and assign it to this variable.
local blocks

local function block_iter(blocks, i)
	i = i + 1
	local data = blocks[i]
	if data then
		 -- Unpack doesn't work on tables loaded with mw.loadData.
		return i, data[1], data[2], data[3]
	end
end

-- An ipairs-type iterator generator for the list of blocks.
function p.enum_blocks()
	local blocks = loader.blocks
	return block_iter, blocks, 0
end

function p.lookup_plane(codepoint)
	local i = floor(codepoint / 0x10000)
	return planes[i] or (&quot;Plane %u&quot;):format(i)
end

function p.lookup_block(codepoint)
	local blocks = loader.blocks
	local range = binary_range_search(codepoint, blocks)
	if range then
		return range[3]
	else
		return &quot;No Block&quot;
	end
end

function p.get_block_info(name)
	for i, block in ipairs(loader.blocks) do
		if block[3] == name then
			return block
		end
	end
end

function p.is_valid_pagename(pagename)
	local has_nonws = false

	for cp in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(pagename) do
		if (cp == 0x0023) -- #
		or (cp == 0x005B) -- [
		or (cp == 0x005D) -- ]
		or (cp == 0x007B) -- {
		or (cp == 0x007C) -- |
		or (cp == 0x007D) -- }
		or (cp == 0x180E) -- MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR
		or ((cp &gt;= 0x2000) and (cp &lt;= 0x200A)) -- spaces in General Punctuation block
		or (cp == 0xFFFD) -- REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
		then
			return false
		end

		local printable, result = p.is_printable(cp)
		if not printable then
			return false
		end

		if result ~= &quot;space-separator&quot; then
			has_nonws = true
		end
	end

	return has_nonws
end

local function manual_unpack(what, from)
	if what[from + 1] == nil then
		return what[from]
	end
	
	local result = {}
	from = from or 1
	for i, item in ipairs(what) do
		if i &gt;= from then
			table.insert(result, item)
		end
	end
	return unpack(result)
end

local function compare_ranges(range1, range2)
	return range1[1] &lt; range2[1]
end

-- Creates a function to look up data in a module that contains &quot;singles&quot; (a
-- code point-to-data map) and &quot;ranges&quot; (an array containing arrays that contain
-- the low and high code points of a range and the data associated with that
-- range).
-- &quot;loader&quot; loads and returns the &quot;singles&quot; and &quot;ranges&quot; tables.
-- &quot;match_func&quot; is passed the code point and either the data or the &quot;dots&quot;, and
-- generates the final result of the function.
-- The varargs (&quot;dots&quot;) describes the default data to be returned if there wasn't
-- a match.
-- In case the function is used more than once, &quot;cache&quot; saves ranges that have
-- already been found to match, or a range whose data is the default if there
-- was no match.
local function memo_lookup(data_module_subpage, match_func, ...)
	local dots = { ... }
	local cache = {}
	local singles, ranges

	return function (codepoint)
		if not singles then
			local data_module = loader[data_module_subpage]
			singles, ranges = data_module.singles, data_module.ranges
		end

		if singles[codepoint] then
			return match_func(codepoint, singles[codepoint])
		end

		local range = binary_range_search(codepoint, cache)
		if range then
			return match_func(codepoint, manual_unpack(range, 3))
		end
		
		local range, index = binary_range_search(codepoint, ranges)
		if range then
			table.insert(cache, range)
			table.sort(cache, compare_ranges)
			return match_func(codepoint, manual_unpack(range, 3))
		end
		
		if ranges[index] then
			local dots_range
			if codepoint &gt; ranges[index][2] then
				dots_range = {
					ranges[index][2] + 1,
					ranges[index + 1] and ranges[index + 1][1] - 1 or 0x10FFFF,
					unpack(dots)
				}
			else -- codepoint &lt; range[index][1]
				dots_range = {
					ranges[index - 1] and ranges[index - 1][2] + 1 or 0,
					ranges[index][1] - 1,
					unpack(dots)
				}
			end
			table.sort(cache, compare_ranges)
		end
		
		return match_func(codepoint)
	end
end

-- Get a code point's combining class value in [[Module:Unicode data/combining]],
-- and return whether this value is not zero. Zero is assigned as the default
-- if the combining class value is not found in this data module.
-- That is, return true if character is combining, or false if it is not.
-- See https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#Canonical_Combining_Class_Values for
-- more information.
p.is_combining = memo_lookup(
	&quot;combining&quot;,
	function (codepoint, combining_class)
		return combining_class and combining_class ~= 0 or false
	end,
	0)

function p.add_dotted_circle(str)
	return (mw.ustring.gsub(str, &quot;.&quot;,
		function(char)
			if p.is_combining(mw.ustring.codepoint(char)) then
				return '◌' .. char
			end
		end))
end

local lookup_control = memo_lookup(
	&quot;control&quot;,
	function (codepoint, ccc)
		return ccc or &quot;assigned&quot;
	end,
	&quot;assigned&quot;)
p.lookup_control = lookup_control

function p.is_assigned(codepoint)
	return lookup_control(codepoint) ~= &quot;unassigned&quot;
end

function p.is_printable(codepoint)
	local result = lookup_control(codepoint)
	return (result == &quot;assigned&quot;) or (result == &quot;space-separator&quot;), result
end

function p.is_whitespace(codepoint)
	local result = lookup_control(codepoint)
	return (result == &quot;space-separator&quot;), result
end

p.lookup_category = memo_lookup(
	&quot;category&quot;,
	function (codepoint, category)
		return category
	end,
	&quot;Cn&quot;)

local lookup_script = memo_lookup(
	&quot;scripts&quot;,
	function (codepoint, script_code)
		return script_code or 'Zzzz'
	end,
	&quot;Zzzz&quot;)
p.lookup_script = lookup_script

function p.get_best_script(str)
	-- Check type of argument, because mw.text.decode coerces numbers to strings!
	require &quot;libraryUtil&quot;.checkType(&quot;get_best_script&quot;, 1, str, &quot;string&quot;)
	
	-- Convert HTML character references (including named character references,
	-- or character entities) to characters.
	str = mw.text.decode(str, true)
	
	local scripts = {}
	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
		local script = lookup_script(codepoint)
		
		-- Ignore &quot;Inherited&quot;, &quot;Undetermined&quot;, or &quot;Uncoded&quot; scripts.
		if not (script == &quot;Zyyy&quot; or script == &quot;Zinh&quot; or script == &quot;Zzzz&quot;) then
			scripts[script] = true
		end
	end
	
	-- If scripts does not contain two or more keys,
	-- return first and only key (script code) in table.
	if not next(scripts, next(scripts)) then
		return next(scripts)
	end -- else return majority script, or else &quot;Zzzz&quot;?
end

function p.is_Latin(str)
	require &quot;libraryUtil&quot;.checkType(&quot;get_best_script&quot;, 1, str, &quot;string&quot;)
	str = mw.text.decode(str, true)
	
	-- Search for the leading bytes that introduce the UTF-8 encoding of the
	-- code points U+0340-U+10FFFF. If they are not found and there is at least
	-- one Latin-script character, the string counts as Latin, because the rest
	-- of the characters can only be Zyyy, Zinh, and Zzzz.
	-- The only scripts found below U+0370 (the first code point of the Greek
	-- and Coptic block) are Latn, Zyyy, Zinh, and Zzzz.
	-- See the codepage in the [[UTF-8]] article.
	if not str:find &quot;[\205-\244]&quot; then
		for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
			if lookup_script(codepoint) == &quot;Latn&quot; then
				return true
			end
		end
	end
	
	local Latn = false
	local i = 0;																-- indexer for use in error messages
	
	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
		i = i + 1;																-- bump the indexer
		local script = lookup_script(codepoint)
		
		if script == &quot;Latn&quot; then
			Latn = true
		elseif not (script == &quot;Zyyy&quot; or script == &quot;Zinh&quot;
				or script == &quot;Zzzz&quot;) then
			return false, i														-- abandon as not Latn; identify the offending character's position
		end
	end
	
	return Latn, (not Latn and i) or nil										-- when &lt;Latn&gt; false, return offending charactor's position as second return value; nil else
end

-- Checks that a string contains only characters belonging to right-to-left
-- scripts, or characters of ignorable scripts.
function p.is_rtl(str)
	require &quot;libraryUtil&quot;.checkType(&quot;get_best_script&quot;, 1, str, &quot;string&quot;)
	str = mw.text.decode(str, true)
	
	-- Search for the leading bytes that introduce the UTF-8 encoding of the
	-- code points U+0580-U+10FFFF. If they are not found, the string can only
	-- have characters from a left-to-right script, because the first code point
	-- in a right-to-left script is U+0591, in the Hebrew block.
	if not str:find &quot;[\214-\244]&quot; then
		return false
	end
	
	local result = false
	local rtl = loader.scripts.rtl
	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
		local script = lookup_script(codepoint)
		
		if rtl[script] then
			result = true
		elseif not (script == &quot;Zyyy&quot; or script == &quot;Zinh&quot;
				or script == &quot;Zzzz&quot;) then
			return false
		end
	end
	
	return result
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ R T L _ F R A M E &gt;------------------------------------------------------

external entry from an {{#invoke:}} to determine if a string of text is rtl.  Strips html and html-like tags so
that those tags don't corrupt the is-rtl-is-not-rtl determination; this added for the cases where the rtl text
has &lt;br /&gt; tags.

]]

function p.is_rtl_frame (frame)
	local str = frame.args[1];													-- get the string from the {{#invoke:}} frame
	str = str:gsub ('%b&lt;&gt;', '');												-- strip any html and html-like tags
	return p.is_rtl (str);														-- return if whatever remains rtl; false else
end


local function get_codepoint(args, arg)
	local codepoint_string = args[arg]
		or errorf(2, &quot;Parameter %s is required&quot;, tostring(arg))
	local codepoint = tonumber(codepoint_string, 16)
		or errorf(2, &quot;Parameter %s is not a code point in hexadecimal base&quot;,
			tostring(arg))
	if not (0 &lt;= codepoint and codepoint &lt;= 0x10FFFF) then
		errorf(2, &quot;code point in parameter %s out of range&quot;, tostring(arg))
	end
	return codepoint
end

local function get_func(args, arg, prefix)
	local suffix = args[arg]
		or errorf(2, &quot;Parameter %s is required&quot;, tostring(arg))
	suffix = mw.text.trim(suffix)
	local func_name = prefix .. suffix
	local func = p[func_name]
		or errorf(2, &quot;There is no function '%s'&quot;, func_name)
	return func
end

-- This function allows any of the &quot;lookup&quot; functions to be invoked. The first
-- parameter is the word after &quot;lookup_&quot;; the second parameter is the code point
-- in hexadecimal base.
function p.lookup(frame)
	local func = get_func(frame.args, 1, &quot;lookup_&quot;)
	local codepoint = get_codepoint(frame.args, 2)
	local result = func(codepoint)
	if func == p.lookup_name then
		-- Prevent code point labels such as &lt;control-0000&gt; from being
		-- interpreted as HTML tags.
		result = result:gsub(&quot;&lt;&quot;, &quot;&amp;lt;&quot;)
	end
	return result
end

function p.is(frame)
	local func = get_func(frame.args, 1, &quot;is_&quot;)
	
	-- is_Latin and is_valid_pagename take strings.
	if func == p.is_Latin or func == p.is_valid_pagename or func == p.is_rtl then
		return (func(frame.args[2]))
	else -- The rest take code points.
		local codepoint = get_codepoint(frame.args, 2)
		return (func(codepoint)) -- Adjust to one result.
	end
end

function p.lookup_kCantonese(codepoint)
	local data = loader[('Unihan/kCantonese/%02X'):format(floor(codepoint / 0x1000))]
	if data then
		return data[codepoint]
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>0bmijmiahut83zj2qi3ei4370mzmnkk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Unicode data/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33539</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157752</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:10:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{high-use}} {{Lua|Module:TableTools}} &lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt; {{#ifeq: {{SUBPAGENAME}} | sandbox   | {{#invoke: Unicode_data/testcases | run_tests}}   }}  == Penggunaan == Modul ini mengaktifkan fungsi yang mengakses informasi di titik-titik kode Unicode. Informasi ini berasal dari modul data yang dihasilkan dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/...'</comment>
      <origin>157752</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5512" sha1="o0vessoxwyotzntfusgfd3sbq92pgb6" xml:space="preserve">{{high-use}}
{{Lua|Module:TableTools}}
&lt;!-- Please place categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata (see [[Wikipedia:Wikidata]]) --&gt;
{{#ifeq: {{SUBPAGENAME}} | sandbox
  | {{#invoke: Unicode_data/testcases | run_tests}}
  }}

== Penggunaan ==
Modul ini mengaktifkan fungsi yang mengakses informasi di titik-titik kode Unicode. Informasi ini berasal dari modul data yang dihasilkan dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/ Unicode Character Database], atau dihasilkan sesuai ketentuan [https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/UnicodeStandard-11.0.pdf Unicode Specification]. Modul beserta submodulnya disalin dari Wiktionary bahasa Inggris, lalu dimodifikasi, lihat [[:en:wikt:Module:Unicode data|modul di sana]] untuk informasi lebih lanjut.

== Subhalaman ==
{{Special:Indeks_awalan/Modul:Unicode_data}}

==Fungsi==
; {{code|lang=lua|lookup_name(codepoint)}}
: Menerima titik kode (angka) dan menghasilkan nama atau label; contohnya, {{code|lang=lua|lookup_name(0xA9)}} menghasilkan {{code|lang=lua|&quot;COPYRIGHT SIGN&quot;}}.
; {{code|lang=lua|lookup, is}}
: Template-invokable functions that allow access to the functions starting with &lt;code&gt;lookup&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;is&lt;/code&gt;. Replace the first underscore in the function name with a pipe, and add the codepoint in hexadecimal base, or a bit of text, for &lt;code&gt;is_Latin&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;is_rtl&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;is_valid_pagename&lt;/code&gt;, as the next parameter. For example, {{tnull|&amp;#35;invoke:Unicode data|lookup|name|61}} &amp;rarr; {{#invoke:Unicode data|lookup|name|61}}; {{tnull|&amp;#35;invoke:Unicode data|is|Latin|àzàhàr̃iyyā̀}} &amp;rarr; {{#invoke:Unicode data|is|Latin|àzàhàr̃iyyā̀}}.

==Modul data==
Data yang digunakan oleh fungsi-fungsi dalam modul ini dapat dilihat di [[Special:PrefixIndex/Module:Unicode data/|subhalamannya]]. Untuk melihat kode dasarnya, lihat [[:en:wikt:User:Kephir/Unicode|User:Kephir/Unicode]] di Wiktionary bahasa Inggris.
* [[Module:Unicode data/aliases]]: nama resmi alias karakter (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NameAliases.txt NameAliases.txt])
* [[Module:Unicode data/blocks]]: daftar blok Unicode (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/Blocks.txt Blocks.txt])
* [[Module:Unicode data/category]]: data yang menyesuaikan karakter dengan General Category (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/extracted/DerivedGeneralCategory.txt DerivedGeneralCategory.txt])
* [[Module:Unicode data/control]]: data untuk mengidentifikasi karakter General Categories of Separator and Other (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/extracted/DerivedGeneralCategory.txt DerivedGeneralCategory.txt])
* [[Module:Unicode data/combining]]: data yang menyesuaikan karakter dengan Combining Classes (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/extracted/DerivedCombiningClass.txt DerivedCombiningClass.txt])
* [[Module:Unicode data/Hangul]]: data untuk menghasilkan nama suku kata [[Hangul]] (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/Jamo.txt Jamo.txt])
* [[Module:Unicode data/scripts]]: data yang menyesuaikan karakter dengan properti aksara Unicode (dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/Scripts.txt Scripts.txt]).

Modul data nama ([[Special:PrefixIndex/Module:Unicode data/names/|Module:Unicode data/names/&lt;var&gt;xxx&lt;/var&gt;]]) berasal dari [https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt UnicodeData.txt]. Setiap modul sebanyak-banyaknya mengandung titik kode U+xxx000 sampai U+xxxFFF.
{{#invoke:Unicode data/documentation functions|show_modules}}

==Hak cipta==
Pangkalan data Unicode dirilis oleh Unicode Inc. dengan ketentuan sebagai berikut:

&lt;blockquote&gt;
Copyright © 1991-2018 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. Distributed under the Terms of Use in https://www.unicode.org/copyright.html.

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of the Unicode data files and any associated documentation (the &quot;Data Files&quot;) or Unicode software and any associated documentation (the &quot;Software&quot;) to deal in the Data Files or Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, and/or sell copies of the Data Files or Software, and to permit persons to whom the Data Files or Software are furnished to do so, provided that either (a) this copyright and permission notice appear with all copies of the Data Files or Software, or (b) this copyright and permission notice appear in associated Documentation.

THE DATA FILES AND SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot;, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, OR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE DATA FILES OR SOFTWARE.

Except as contained in this notice, the name of a copyright holder shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in these Data Files or Software without prior written authorization of the copyright holder.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Metamodul Lua]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>o0vessoxwyotzntfusgfd3sbq92pgb6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Separated entries</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33540</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157753</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:16:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- This module takes positional parameters as input and concatenates them with -- an optional separator. The final separator (the &quot;conjunction&quot;) can be -- specified independently, enabling natural-language lists like -- &quot;foo, bar, baz and qux&quot;. The starting parameter can also be specified.  local compressSparseArray = require('Module:TableTools').compressSparseArray local p = {}  function p._main(args) 	local dataPlural = args.dataPlural 	local separator = arg...'</comment>
      <origin>157753</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="1778" sha1="d3q6xup28j3xpu77wa8xwjjm6j0xizq" xml:space="preserve">-- This module takes positional parameters as input and concatenates them with
-- an optional separator. The final separator (the &quot;conjunction&quot;) can be
-- specified independently, enabling natural-language lists like
-- &quot;foo, bar, baz and qux&quot;. The starting parameter can also be specified.

local compressSparseArray = require('Module:TableTools').compressSparseArray
local p = {}

function p._main(args)
	local dataPlural = args.dataPlural
	local separator = args.separator
		-- Decode (convert to Unicode) HTML escape sequences, such as &quot;&amp;#32;&quot; for space.
		and mw.text.decode(args.separator) or ''
	local conjunction = args.conjunction and mw.text.decode(args.conjunction) or separator
	-- Discard values before the starting parameter.
	local start = tonumber(args.start)
	if start then
		for i = 1, start - 1 do args[i] = nil end
	end
	-- Discard named parameters.
	local values = compressSparseArray(args)
	local result = mw.text.listToText(values, separator, conjunction)
	if dataPlural and #values &gt; 0 and (#separator &gt; 0 or #conjunction &gt; 0) then
		-- flag to [[Module:Detect singular]] whether this is a list with &gt;1 element
		result = result..'&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot; data-plural=&quot;'..(#values &gt; 1 and '1' or '0')..'&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	return result
end

local function makeInvokeFunction(separator, conjunction, first)
	return function (frame)
		local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = (frame.args.frameOnly or '') ~= ''})
		args.separator = separator or args.separator
		args.conjunction = conjunction or args.conjunction
		args.first = first or args.first
		return p._main(args)
	end
end

p.main = makeInvokeFunction()
p.br = makeInvokeFunction('&lt;br /&gt;')
p.comma = makeInvokeFunction(mw.message.new('comma-separator'):plain())

return p</text>
      <sha1>d3q6xup28j3xpu77wa8xwjjm6j0xizq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Separated entries/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33541</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157754</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:17:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Module other| {{Module rating|p}} {{Used in system}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:TableTools}}| {{High-use}} {{Lua|Module:Separated entries}} }} [[Module:Separated entries]] and {{tl|Separated entries}} serve as a template front-end to &lt;code&gt;[[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.text.listToText|mw.text.listToText]]&lt;/code&gt;. They take [[Variadic function|any number]] of positional parameters and [[Concatenation|piece them together]] with {{Para|sep...'</comment>
      <origin>157754</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1280" sha1="em8pyvqg0q32tl8536b75hrkn3ghqy0" xml:space="preserve">{{Module other|
{{Module rating|p}}
{{Used in system}}
{{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:TableTools}}|
{{High-use}}
{{Lua|Module:Separated entries}}
}}
[[Module:Separated entries]] and {{tl|Separated entries}} serve as a template front-end to &lt;code&gt;[[mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.text.listToText|mw.text.listToText]]&lt;/code&gt;. They take [[Variadic function|any number]] of positional parameters and [[Concatenation|piece them together]] with {{Para|separator}}. {{Para|conjunction}} can be optionally defined if a different separator is desired between the last and second last items. The starting positional parameter can be specified using {{Para|start}}. Leading and trailing whitespace is stripped. To add deliberate leading and trailing whitespace, use the HTML entity &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#32;&lt;/code&gt; for a space and &lt;code&gt;&amp;amp;#10;&lt;/code&gt; for a &quot;newline&quot;. Separated entries does not raise any errors by design.

== Usage ==
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:Separated entries|main|separator=...}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== See also ==
* {{Template link|Enum}}
* {{Template link|Br separated entries}}
* {{mfl|params|list_values}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Template categories below this line, please. --&gt;
[[Category:Template metamodules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>em8pyvqg0q32tl8536b75hrkn3ghqy0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33542</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157755</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:19:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'local lang_obj = mw.language.getContentLanguage(); local this_wiki_lang_tag = lang_obj.code;										-- get this wiki's language tag   --[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ N A M E _ T A B L E &gt;------------------------------------------------  primary table of tables that decode: 	lang -&gt; language tags and names 	script -&gt; ISO 15924 script tags 	region -&gt; ISO 3166 region tags 	variant -&gt; IANA registered variant tags 	suppressed -&gt; map of scripts tags and...'</comment>
      <origin>157755</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="33846" sha1="nv9oycygfur6jkoj9o3r80sxtzql7mj" xml:space="preserve">local lang_obj = mw.language.getContentLanguage();
local this_wiki_lang_tag = lang_obj.code;										-- get this wiki's language tag


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ N A M E _ T A B L E &gt;------------------------------------------------

primary table of tables that decode:
	lang -&gt; language tags and names
	script -&gt; ISO 15924 script tags
	region -&gt; ISO 3166 region tags
	variant -&gt; IANA registered variant tags
	suppressed -&gt; map of scripts tags and their associated language tags
	
all of these data come from separate modules that are derived from the IANA language-subtag-registry file

key_to_lower() avoids the metatable trap and sets all keys in the subtables to lowercase. Many language codes
have multiple associated names; Module:lang is only concerned with the first name so key_to_lower() only fetches
the first name.

]]

local function key_to_lower (module, src_type)
	local out = {};
	local source_t = (('var_sup' == src_type) and require (module)) or mw.loadData (module);		-- fetch data from this module; require() avoids metatable trap for variant data

	if 'var_sup' == src_type then
		for k, v in pairs (source_t) do
			out[k:lower()] = v;													-- for variant and suppressed everything is needed
		end

	elseif 'lang' == src_type and source_t.active then							-- for ~/iana_languages (active)
		for k, v in pairs (source_t.active) do
			out[k:lower()] = v[1];												-- ignore multiple names; take first name only
		end

	elseif 'lang_dep' == src_type and source_t.deprecated then					-- for ~/iana_languages (deprecated)
		for k, v in pairs (source_t.deprecated) do
			out[k:lower()] = v[1];												-- ignore multiple names; take first name only
		end

	else																		-- here for all other sources
		for k, v in pairs (source_t) do
			out[k:lower()] = v[1];												-- ignore multiple names; take first name only
		end
	end
	return out;
end

local lang_name_table_t = {
	lang = key_to_lower ('Module:Lang/data/iana languages', 'lang'),
	lang_dep = key_to_lower ('Module:Lang/data/iana languages', 'lang_dep'),
	script = key_to_lower ('Module:Lang/data/iana scripts'),					-- script keys are capitalized; set to lower
	region = key_to_lower ('Module:Lang/data/iana regions'),					-- region keys are uppercase; set to lower
	variant = key_to_lower ('Module:Lang/data/iana variants', 'var_sup'),
	suppressed = key_to_lower ('Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts', 'var_sup'),	-- script keys are capitalized; set to lower
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; I 1 8 N   M E D I A W I K I   O V E R R I D E &gt;--------------------------------

For internationalization; not used at en.wiki

The language names taken from the IANA language-subtag-registry file are given in English. That may not be ideal.
Translating ~8,000 language names is also not ideal.  MediaWiki maintains (much) shorter lists of language names
in most languages for which there is a Wikipedia edition.  When desired, Module:Lang can use the MediaWiki 
language list for the local language.

Caveat lector: the list of MediaWiki language names for your language may not be complete or may not exist at all.
When incomplete, MediaWiki's list will 'fall back' to another language (typically English).  When that happens
add an appropriate entry to the override table below.

Caveat lector: the list of MediaWiki language names for your language may not be correct.  At en.wiki, the
MediaWiki language names do not agree with the IANA language names for these ISO 639-1 tags.  Often it is simply
spelling differences:
	bh: IANA: Bihari languages MW: Bhojpuri – the ISO 639-3 tag for Bhojpuri is bho
	bn: IANA: Bengali MW: Bangla – Bengali is the exonym, Bangla is the endonym
	dv: IANA: Dhivehi MW: Divehi
	el: IANA: Modern Greek MW: Greek
	ht: IANA: Haitian MW: Haitian Creole
	ky: IANA: Kirghiz MW: Kyrgyz
	li: IANA: Limburgan MW: Limburgish
	or: IANA: Oriya MW: Odia
	os: IANA: Ossetian MW: Ossetic
	&quot;pa: IANA: Panjabi MW: Punjabi
	&quot;ps: IANA: Pushto MW: Pashto
	&quot;to: IANA: Tonga MW: Tongan
	&quot;ug: IANA: Uighur MW: Uyghur
use the override table to override language names that are incorrect for your project

To see the list of names that MediaWiki has for your language, enter this in the Debug console:
	=mw.dumpObject (mw.language.fetchLanguageNames ('&lt;tag&gt;', 'all'))
(replacing &lt;tag&gt; with the language tag for your language)

Use of the MediaWiki language names lists is enabled when media_wiki_override_enable is set to boolean true.
	
]]

local media_wiki_override_enable = false;										-- set to true to override IANA names with MediaWiki names; always false at en.wiki
																				-- caveat lector: the list of MediaWiki language names for your language may not be complete or may not exist at all
	if true == media_wiki_override_enable then
		local mw_languages_by_tag_t = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames (this_wiki_lang_tag, 'all');	-- get a table of language tag/name pairs known to MediaWiki
		for tag, name in pairs (mw_languages_by_tag_t) do						-- loop through each tag/name pair in the MediaWiki list
			if lang_name_table_t.lang[tag] then									-- if the tag is in the main list
				lang_name_table_t.lang[tag] = name;								-- overwrite existing name with the name from MediaWiki
			end
		end
	end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O V E R R I D E &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Language codes and names in this table override the BCP47 names in lang_name_table.

indexes in this table shall always be lower case

]]

local override = {
------------------------------&lt; I S O _ 6 3 9 - 1 &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

	[&quot;ab&quot;] = &quot;Abkhaz&quot;,                                                          -- to match en.wiki article name
	[&quot;ca-valencia&quot;] = &quot;Valencian&quot;,
	[&quot;cu&quot;] = &quot;Church Slavonic&quot;,													-- 2nd IANA name;
	[&quot;de-at&quot;] = &quot;Austrian German&quot;,												-- these code-region and code-variant tags to match en.wiki article names
	[&quot;de-ch&quot;] = &quot;Swiss Standard German&quot;,
	[&quot;en-au&quot;] = &quot;Australian English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-ca&quot;] = &quot;Canadian English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-emodeng&quot;] = &quot;Early Modern English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-gb&quot;] = &quot;British English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-ie&quot;] = &quot;Irish English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-in&quot;] = &quot;Indian English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-nz&quot;] = &quot;New Zealand English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-us&quot;] = &quot;American English&quot;,
	[&quot;en-za&quot;] = &quot;South African English&quot;,
	[&quot;fr-ca&quot;] = &quot;Canadian French&quot;,
	[&quot;fr-gallo&quot;] = &quot;Gallo&quot;,
	[&quot;fy&quot;] = &quot;West Frisian&quot;,													-- Western Frisian
	[&quot;mo&quot;] = &quot;Moldovan&quot;,														-- Moldavian (deprecated code); to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;nl-be&quot;] = &quot;Flemish&quot;,														-- match MediaWiki
	[&quot;oc-gascon&quot;] = &quot;Gascon&quot;,
	[&quot;oc-provenc&quot;] = &quot;Provençal&quot;,
	[&quot;ps&quot;] = &quot;Pashto&quot;,															-- Pushto
	[&quot;pt-br&quot;] = &quot;Brazilian Portuguese&quot;,											-- match MediaWiki
	[&quot;ro-md&quot;] = &quot;Moldovan&quot;,														-- 'not deprecated' form
	[&quot;ro-cyrl-md&quot;] = &quot;Moldovan&quot;,												-- 'not deprecated' form
	[&quot;tw-asante&quot;] = &quot;Asante Twi&quot;,
	[&quot;ug&quot;] = &quot;Uyghur&quot;,															-- 2nd IANA name; to match en.wiki article name

-- these ISO 639-1 language-name overrides imported from Module:Language/data/wp_languages (since deleted)
--&lt;begin do-not-edit except to comment out&gt;--
		[&quot;av&quot;] = &quot;Avar&quot;,														-- Avaric
		[&quot;bo&quot;] = &quot;Standard Tibetan&quot;,											-- Tibetan
		[&quot;el&quot;] = &quot;Greek&quot;,														-- Modern Greek
--		[&quot;en-SA&quot;] = &quot;South African English&quot;,									-- English; no; SA is not South Africa it Saudi Arabia; ZA is South Africa
		[&quot;ff&quot;] = &quot;Fula&quot;,														-- Fulah
		[&quot;ht&quot;] = &quot;Haitian Creole&quot;,												-- Haitian
		[&quot;hz&quot;] = &quot;Otjiherero&quot;,													-- Herero
		[&quot;ii&quot;] = &quot;Yi&quot;,															-- Sichuan Yi
		[&quot;ki&quot;] = &quot;Gikuyu&quot;,														-- Kikuyu
		[&quot;kl&quot;] = &quot;Greenlandic&quot;,													-- Kalaallisut
		[&quot;ky&quot;] = &quot;Kyrgyz&quot;,														-- Kirghiz
		[&quot;lg&quot;] = &quot;Luganda&quot;,														-- Ganda
		[&quot;li&quot;] = &quot;Limburgish&quot;,													-- Limburgan
		[&quot;mi&quot;] = &quot;Māori&quot;,														-- Maori
		[&quot;na&quot;] = &quot;Nauruan&quot;,														-- Nauru
		[&quot;nb&quot;] = &quot;Bokmål&quot;,														-- Norwegian Bokmål
		[&quot;nd&quot;] = &quot;Northern Ndebele&quot;,											-- North Ndebele
		[&quot;nn&quot;] = &quot;Nynorsk&quot;,														-- Norwegian Nynorsk
		[&quot;nr&quot;] = &quot;Southern Ndebele&quot;,											-- South Ndebele
		[&quot;ny&quot;] = &quot;Chichewa&quot;,													-- Nyanja
		[&quot;oj&quot;] = &quot;Ojibwe&quot;,														-- Ojibwa
		[&quot;or&quot;] = &quot;Odia&quot;,														-- Oriya
		[&quot;pa&quot;] = &quot;Punjabi&quot;,														-- Panjabi
		[&quot;rn&quot;] = &quot;Kirundi&quot;,														-- Rundi
		[&quot;sl&quot;] = &quot;Slovene&quot;,														-- Slovenian
		[&quot;ss&quot;] = &quot;Swazi&quot;,														-- Swati
		[&quot;st&quot;] = &quot;Sotho&quot;,														-- Southern Sotho
		[&quot;to&quot;] = &quot;Tongan&quot;,														-- Tonga
--&lt;end do-not-edit except to comment out&gt;--


------------------------------&lt; I S O _ 6 3 9 - 2,   - 3,   - 5 &gt;----------------------------------------------

	[&quot;alv&quot;] = &quot;Atlantic–Congo languages&quot;,										-- to match en.wiki article title (endash)
	[&quot;arc&quot;] = &quot;Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)&quot;,									-- Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE), Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE); to match en.wiki article title uses ISO639-2 'preferred' name
	[&quot;art&quot;] = &quot;constructed&quot;,													-- to match en.wiki article; lowercase for category name
	[&quot;arx&quot;] = &quot;Aruá (Rondonia State)&quot;,											-- Aruá (Rodonia State); to match en.wiki article
	[&quot;ast-es&quot;] = &quot;Leonese&quot;,														-- ast in IANA is Asturian; Leonese is a dialect
	[&quot;bea&quot;] = &quot;Dane-zaa&quot;,														-- Beaver; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;bha&quot;] = &quot;Bhariati&quot;,														-- Bharia; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;bhd&quot;] = &quot;Bhadarwahi&quot;,														-- Bhadrawahi; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;bla&quot;] = &quot;Blackfoot&quot;,														-- Siksika; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;blc&quot;] = &quot;Nuxalk&quot;,															-- Bella Coola; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;bua&quot;] = &quot;Buryat&quot;,															-- Buriat; this is a macro language; these four use wp preferred transliteration;
	[&quot;bxm&quot;] = &quot;Mongolian Buryat&quot;,												-- Mongolia Buriat; these three all redirect to Buryat
	[&quot;bxr&quot;] = &quot;Russian Buryat&quot;,													-- Russia Buriat;
	[&quot;bxu&quot;] = &quot;Chinese Buryat&quot;,													-- China Buriat;
	[&quot;byr&quot;] = &quot;Yipma&quot;,															-- Baruya, Yipma
	[&quot;clm&quot;] = &quot;Klallam&quot;,														-- Clallam; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;egy&quot;] = &quot;Ancient Egyptian&quot;,												-- Egyptian (Ancient); distinguish from contemporary arz: Egyptian Arabic 
	[&quot;ems&quot;] = &quot;Alutiiq&quot;,														-- Pacific Gulf Yupik; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;esx&quot;] = &quot;Eskimo–Aleut languages&quot;,											-- to match en.wiki article title (endash)
	[&quot;frr&quot;] = &quot;North Frisian&quot;,													-- Northern Frisian
	[&quot;frs&quot;] = &quot;East Frisian Low Saxon&quot;,											-- Eastern Frisian
	[&quot;gsw-fr&quot;] = &quot;Alsatian&quot;,													-- match MediaWiki
	[&quot;haa&quot;] = &quot;Hän&quot;,															-- Han; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;hei&quot;] = &quot;Heiltsuk–Oowekyala&quot;,												-- Heiltsuk; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;hmx&quot;] = &quot;Hmong–Mien languages&quot;,											-- to match en.wiki article title (endash)
	[&quot;ilo&quot;] = &quot;Ilocano&quot;,														-- Iloko; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;jam&quot;] = &quot;Jamaican Patois&quot;,												-- Jamaican Creole English
	[&quot;lij-mc&quot;] = &quot;Monégasque&quot;,													-- Ligurian as spoken in Monaco; this one for proper tool tip; also in &lt;article_name&gt; table
	[&quot;luo&quot;] = &quot;Dholuo&quot;,															-- IANA (primary) /ISO 639-3: Luo (Kenya and Tanzania); IANA (secondary): Dholuo
	[&quot;mhr&quot;] = &quot;Meadow Mari&quot;,													-- Eastern Mari
	[&quot;mid&quot;] = &quot;Modern Mandaic&quot;,													-- Mandaic
	['mis'] = &quot;uncoded&quot;,														-- Uncoded languages; capitalization; special scope, not collective scope;
	[&quot;mkh&quot;] = &quot;Mon–Khmer languages&quot;,											-- to match en.wiki article title (endash)
	[&quot;mla&quot;] = &quot;Tamambo&quot;,														-- Malo
	['mte'] = &quot;Mono-Alu&quot;,														-- Mono (Solomon Islands)
	['mul'] = &quot;multiple&quot;,														-- Multiple languages; capitalization; special scope, not collective scope;
	[&quot;nan-tw&quot;] = &quot;Taiwanese Hokkien&quot;,											-- make room for IANA / 639-3 nan Min Nan Chinese; match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;new&quot;] = &quot;Newar&quot;,															-- Newari, Nepal Bhasa; to match en,wiki article title
	[&quot;ngf&quot;] = &quot;Trans–New Guinea languages&quot;,										-- to match en.wiki article title (endash)
	[&quot;nic&quot;] = &quot;Niger–Congo languages&quot;,											-- Niger-Kordofanian languages; to match en,wiki article title
	[&quot;nrf&quot;] = &quot;Norman&quot;,															-- not quite a collective - IANA name: Jèrriais + Guernésiais; categorizes to Norman-language text
	[&quot;nrf-gg&quot;] = &quot;Guernésiais&quot;,													-- match MediaWiki
	[&quot;nrf-je&quot;] = &quot;Jèrriais&quot;,													-- match MediaWiki
	[&quot;nzi&quot;] = &quot;Nzema&quot;,															-- Nzima; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;oma&quot;] = &quot;Omaha–Ponca&quot;,													-- to match en.wiki article title (endash)
	[&quot;orv&quot;] = &quot;Old East Slavic&quot;,												-- Old Russian
	[&quot;pfl&quot;] = &quot;Palatine German&quot;,												-- Pfaelzisch; to match en.wiki article
	[&quot;pie&quot;] = &quot;Piro Pueblo&quot;,													-- Piro; to match en.wiki article
	[&quot;pms&quot;] = &quot;Piedmontese&quot;,													-- Piemontese; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;pnb&quot;] = &quot;Punjabi (Western)&quot;,												-- Western Panjabi; dab added to override import from ~/wp languages and distinguish pnb from pa in reverse look up tag_from_name()
	['qwm'] = &quot;Cuman&quot;,															-- Kuman (Russia); to match en.wiki article name
	[&quot;rop&quot;] = &quot;Australian Kriol&quot;,												-- Kriol; en.wiki article is a dab; point to correct en.wiki article
	[&quot;rsk&quot;] = &quot;Pannonian Rusyn&quot;,												-- Ruthenian; en.wiki preferred name
	[&quot;sco-ulster&quot;] = &quot;Ulster Scots&quot;,
	[&quot;sdo&quot;] = &quot;Bukar–Sadong&quot;,													-- Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;smp&quot;] = &quot;Samaritan Hebrew&quot;,												-- to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;stq&quot;] = &quot;Saterland Frisian&quot;,												-- Saterfriesisch
	[&quot;tfn&quot;] = &quot;Denaʼina&quot;,														-- to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;und&quot;] = &quot;undetermined&quot;,													-- capitalization to match existing category
	[&quot;wrg&quot;] = &quot;Warrongo&quot;,														-- Warungu
	[&quot;xal-ru&quot;] = &quot;Kalmyk&quot;,														-- to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;xgf&quot;] = &quot;Tongva&quot;,															-- ISO 639-3 is Gabrielino-Fernandeño
	[&quot;yuf&quot;] = &quot;Havasupai–Hualapai&quot;,												-- Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;zkh&quot;] = &quot;Khorezmian Turkic&quot;,												-- Khorezmian; to match en.wiki article title, avoiding the dab
	[&quot;zkt&quot;] = &quot;Khitan&quot;,															-- Kitan; to match en.wiki article title
	[&quot;zxx&quot;] = &quot;no linguistic content&quot;,											-- capitalization

-- these ISO 639-2, -3 language-name overrides imported from Module:Language/data/wp_languages (since deleted)
--&lt;begin do-not-edit except to comment out&gt;--
		[&quot;ace&quot;] = &quot;Acehnese&quot;,													-- Achinese
		[&quot;aec&quot;] = &quot;Sa'idi Arabic&quot;,												-- Saidi Arabic
		[&quot;akl&quot;] = &quot;Aklan&quot;,														-- Aklanon
		[&quot;alt&quot;] = &quot;Altay&quot;,														-- Southern Altai
		[&quot;apm&quot;] = &quot;Mescalero-Chiricahua&quot;,										-- Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache
		[&quot;bal&quot;] = &quot;Balochi&quot;,													-- Baluchi
--		[&quot;bcl&quot;] = &quot;Central Bicolano&quot;,											-- Central Bikol
		[&quot;bin&quot;] = &quot;Edo&quot;,														-- Bini
		[&quot;bpy&quot;] = &quot;Bishnupriya Manipuri&quot;,										-- Bishnupriya
		[&quot;chg&quot;] = &quot;Chagatay&quot;,													-- Chagatai
		[&quot;ckb&quot;] = &quot;Sorani Kurdish&quot;,												-- Central Kurdish
		[&quot;cnu&quot;] = &quot;Shenwa&quot;,														-- Chenoua
		[&quot;coc&quot;] = &quot;Cocopah&quot;,													-- Cocopa
		[&quot;diq&quot;] = &quot;Zazaki&quot;,														-- Dimli
		[&quot;fit&quot;] = &quot;Meänkieli&quot;,													-- Tornedalen Finnish
		[&quot;fkv&quot;] = &quot;Kven&quot;,														-- Kven Finnish
		[&quot;frk&quot;] = &quot;Old Frankish&quot;,												-- Frankish
		[&quot;gez&quot;] = &quot;Ge'ez&quot;,														-- Geez
		[&quot;gju&quot;] = &quot;Gujari&quot;,														-- Gujari
		[&quot;gsw&quot;] = &quot;Alemannic German&quot;,											-- Swiss German
		[&quot;gul&quot;] = &quot;Gullah&quot;,														-- Sea Island Creole English
		[&quot;hak&quot;] = &quot;Hakka&quot;,														-- Hakka Chinese
		[&quot;hbo&quot;] = &quot;Biblical Hebrew&quot;,											-- Ancient Hebrew
		[&quot;hnd&quot;] = &quot;Hindko&quot;,														-- Southern Hindko
--		[&quot;ikt&quot;] = &quot;Inuvialuk&quot;,													-- Inuinnaqtun
		[&quot;kaa&quot;] = &quot;Karakalpak&quot;,													-- Kara-Kalpak
		[&quot;khb&quot;] = &quot;Tai Lü&quot;,														-- Lü
		[&quot;kmr&quot;] = &quot;Kurmanji Kurdish&quot;,											-- Northern Kurdish
		[&quot;kpo&quot;] = &quot;Kposo&quot;,														-- Ikposo
		[&quot;krj&quot;] = &quot;Kinaray-a&quot;,													-- Kinaray-A
--		[&quot;ktz&quot;] = &quot;Juǀ'hoan&quot;,													-- Juǀʼhoan
		[&quot;lez&quot;] = &quot;Lezgian&quot;,													-- Lezghian
		[&quot;liv&quot;] = &quot;Livonian&quot;,													-- Liv
		[&quot;lng&quot;] = &quot;Lombardic&quot;,													-- Langobardic
		[&quot;mia&quot;] = &quot;Miami-Illinois&quot;,												-- Miami
		[&quot;miq&quot;] = &quot;Miskito&quot;,													-- Mískito
		[&quot;mix&quot;] = &quot;Mixtec&quot;,														-- Mixtepec Mixtec
		[&quot;mni&quot;] = &quot;Meitei&quot;,														-- Manipuri
		[&quot;mrj&quot;] = &quot;Hill Mari&quot;,													-- Western Mari
		[&quot;mww&quot;] = &quot;White Hmong&quot;,												-- Hmong Daw
		[&quot;nds-nl&quot;] = &quot;Dutch Low Saxon&quot;,											-- Low German
--		[&quot;new&quot;] = &quot;Nepal Bhasa&quot;,												-- Newari
		[&quot;nso&quot;] = &quot;Northern Sotho&quot;,												-- Pedi
--		[&quot;nwc&quot;] = &quot;Classical Nepal Bhasa&quot;,										-- Classical Newari, Classical Nepal Bhasa, Old Newari
		[&quot;ood&quot;] = &quot;O'odham&quot;,													-- Tohono O'odham
		[&quot;otk&quot;] = &quot;Old Turkic&quot;,													-- Old Turkish
		[&quot;pal&quot;] = &quot;Middle Persian&quot;,												-- Pahlavi
		[&quot;pam&quot;] = &quot;Kapampangan&quot;,												-- Pampanga
		[&quot;phr&quot;] = &quot;Potwari&quot;,													-- Pahari-Potwari
		[&quot;pka&quot;] = &quot;Jain Prakrit&quot;,												-- Ardhamāgadhī Prākrit
--		[&quot;pnb&quot;] = &quot;Punjabi&quot;,													-- Western Panjabi
		[&quot;psu&quot;] = &quot;Shauraseni&quot;,													-- Sauraseni Prākrit
		[&quot;rap&quot;] = &quot;Rapa Nui&quot;,													-- Rapanui
		[&quot;rar&quot;] = &quot;Cook Islands Māori&quot;,											-- Rarotongan
		[&quot;rmu&quot;] = &quot;Scandoromani&quot;,												-- Tavringer Romani
		[&quot;rom&quot;] = &quot;Romani&quot;,														-- Romany
		[&quot;rup&quot;] = &quot;Aromanian&quot;,													-- Macedo-Romanian
		[&quot;ryu&quot;] = &quot;Okinawan&quot;,													-- Central Okinawan
		[&quot;sdc&quot;] = &quot;Sassarese&quot;,													-- Sassarese Sardinian
		[&quot;sdn&quot;] = &quot;Gallurese&quot;,													-- Gallurese Sardinian
		[&quot;shp&quot;] = &quot;Shipibo&quot;,													-- Shipibo-Conibo
		[&quot;src&quot;] = &quot;Logudorese&quot;,													-- Logudorese Sardinian
		[&quot;sro&quot;] = &quot;Campidanese&quot;,												-- Campidanese Sardinian
		[&quot;tkl&quot;] = &quot;Tokelauan&quot;,													-- Tokelau
		[&quot;tvl&quot;] = &quot;Tuvaluan&quot;,													-- Tuvalu
		[&quot;tyv&quot;] = &quot;Tuvan&quot;,														-- Tuvinian
		[&quot;vls&quot;] = &quot;West Flemish&quot;,												-- Vlaams
		[&quot;wep&quot;] = &quot;Westphalian&quot;,												-- Westphalien
		[&quot;xal&quot;] = &quot;Oirat&quot;,														-- Kalmyk
		[&quot;xcl&quot;] = &quot;Old Armenian&quot;,												-- Classical Armenian
		[&quot;yua&quot;] = &quot;Yucatec Maya&quot;,												-- Yucateco
--&lt;end do-not-edit except to comment out&gt;--


------------------------------&lt; P R I V A T E _ U S E _ T A G S &gt;----------------------------------------------

	[&quot;akk-x-latbabyl&quot;] = &quot;Late Babylonian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-midassyr&quot;] = &quot;Middle Assyrian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-midbabyl&quot;] = &quot;Middle Babylonian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-neoassyr&quot;] = &quot;Neo-Assyrian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-neobabyl&quot;] = &quot;Neo-Babylonian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-old&quot;] = &quot;Old Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-oldassyr&quot;] = &quot;Old Assyrian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;akk-x-oldbabyl&quot;] = &quot;Old Babylonian Akkadian&quot;,
	[&quot;alg-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Algonquian&quot;,										-- alg in IANA is Algonquian languages
	[&quot;ar-x-classic&quot;] = &quot;Classical Arabic&quot;,
	[&quot;ar-x-nabat&quot;] = &quot;Nabataean Arabic&quot;,
	[&quot;ar-x-safaitic&quot;] = &quot;Safaitic&quot;,
	[&quot;art-x-uropi&quot;] = &quot;Uropi&quot;,													-- art in IANA is Artificial languages
	[&quot;ast-x-west&quot;] = &quot;Western Asturian&quot;,
	[&quot;ca-x-old&quot;] = &quot;Old Catalan&quot;,
	[&quot;cel-x-combrit&quot;] = &quot;Common Brittonic&quot;,										-- cel in IANA is Celtic languages
	[&quot;cel-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Celtic&quot;,
	[&quot;ccs-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Kartvelian&quot;,										-- ccs in IANA is Kartvelian languages
	[&quot;egy-x-demotic&quot;] = &quot;Demotic Egyptian&quot;,
	[&quot;egy-x-late&quot;] = &quot;Late Egyptian&quot;,
	[&quot;egy-x-middle&quot;] = &quot;Middle Egyptian&quot;,
	[&quot;egy-x-old&quot;] = &quot;Old Egyptian&quot;,
	[&quot;et-x-seto&quot;] = &quot;Seto&quot;,														-- to replace {{Lang-est-sea}}
	[&quot;fa-x-classic&quot;] = &quot;Classical Persian&quot;,
	[&quot;fiu-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Finno-Ugric&quot;,										-- fiu in IANA is Finno-Ugric languages
	[&quot;fr-x-frainc&quot;] = &quot;Franc-Comtois&quot;,											-- to replace {{Lang-fra-frc}}
	[&quot;fr-x-quebec&quot;] = &quot;Quebec French&quot;,
	[&quot;gem-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Germanic&quot;,											-- gem in IANA is Germanic languages
	[&quot;gmq-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Norse&quot;,
	[&quot;gmw-x-ecg&quot;] = &quot;East Central German&quot;,
	[&quot;gmw-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-West Germanic&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-aeolic&quot;] = &quot;Aeolic Greek&quot;,											-- these grc-x-... codes are preferred alternates to the non-standard catchall code grc-gre
	[&quot;grc-x-arcadcyp&quot;] = &quot;Arcadocypriot Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-attic&quot;] = &quot;Attic Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-biblical&quot;] = &quot;Biblical Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-byzant&quot;] = &quot;Byzantine Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-classic&quot;] = &quot;Classical Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-doric&quot;] = &quot;Doric Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-hellen&quot;] = &quot;Hellenistic Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-ionic&quot;] = &quot;Ionic Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-koine&quot;] = &quot;Koine Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-medieval&quot;] = &quot;Medieval Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-pamph&quot;] = &quot;Pamphylian Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grc-x-patris&quot;] = &quot;Patristic Greek&quot;,
	[&quot;grk-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Greek&quot;,											-- grk in IANA is Greek languages
	[&quot;iir-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-Iranian&quot;,										-- iir in IANA is Indo-Iranian Languages
	[&quot;inc-x-mitanni&quot;] = &quot;Mitanni-Aryan&quot;,										-- inc in IANA is Indic languages
	[&quot;inc-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-Aryan&quot;,
	[&quot;ine-x-anatolia&quot;] = &quot;Anatolian languages&quot;,
	[&quot;ine-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Indo-European&quot;,
	[&quot;ira-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Iranian&quot;,											-- ira in IANA is Iranian languages
	[&quot;itc-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Italic&quot;,											-- itc in IANA is Italic languages
	[&quot;ksh-x-colog&quot;] = &quot;Colognian&quot;,												-- en.wiki article is Colognian; ksh (Kölsch) redirects there
	[&quot;la-x-church&quot;] = &quot;Ecclesiastical Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-classic&quot;] = &quot;Classical Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-late&quot;] = &quot;Late Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-medieval&quot;] = &quot;Medieval Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-new&quot;] = &quot;New Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-old&quot;] = &quot;Old Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-ren&quot;] = &quot;Renaissance Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;la-x-vulgar&quot;] = &quot;Vulgar Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;lmo-x-berg&quot;] = &quot;Bergamasque&quot;,												-- lmo in IANA is Lombard; Bergamasque is a dialect
	[&quot;lmo-x-cremish&quot;] = &quot;Cremish&quot;,												-- lmo in IANA is Lombard; Cremish is a dialect
	[&quot;lmo-x-milanese&quot;] = &quot;Milanese&quot;,											-- lmo in IANA is Lombard; Milanese is a dialect
	[&quot;mis-x-ripuar&quot;] = &quot;Ripuarian&quot;,												-- replaces improper use of ksh in wp_languages
	[&quot;prg-x-old&quot;] = &quot;Old Prussian&quot;,
	[&quot;roa-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Romance&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-ammonite&quot;] = &quot;Ammonite&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-aramaic&quot;] = &quot;Aramaic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-canaan&quot;] = &quot;Canaanite languages&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-dadanit&quot;] = &quot;Dadanitic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-dumaitic&quot;] = &quot;Dumaitic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-egurage&quot;] = &quot;Eastern Gurage&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-hasaitic&quot;] = &quot;Hasaitic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-hatran&quot;] = &quot;Hatran Aramaic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-hismaic&quot;] = &quot;Hismaic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-nabat&quot;] = &quot;Nabataean Aramaic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-oldsoara&quot;] = &quot;Old South Arabian&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-palmyren&quot;] = &quot;Palmyrene Aramaic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Semitic&quot;,
	[&quot;sem-x-taymanit&quot;] = &quot;Taymanitic&quot;,
	[&quot;smi-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Samic&quot;,											-- smi in IANA is Samic languages
	[&quot;sla-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Slavic&quot;,											-- sla in IANA is Slavic languages
	[&quot;sq-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Albanian&quot;,
	[&quot;trk-x-oldanat&quot;] = &quot;Old Anatolian Turkish&quot;,								-- to replace {{Lang-1ca}}
	[&quot;urj-x-proto&quot;] = &quot;Proto-Uralic&quot;,											-- urj in IANA is Uralic languages
	[&quot;yuf-x-hav&quot;] = &quot;Havasupai&quot;,												-- IANA name for these three is Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai
	[&quot;yuf-x-wal&quot;] = &quot;Walapai&quot;,
	[&quot;yuf-x-yav&quot;] = &quot;Yavapai&quot;,
	[&quot;xsa-x-himyarit&quot;] = &quot;Himyaritic&quot;,
	[&quot;xsc-x-pontic&quot;] = &quot;Pontic Scythian&quot;,										-- xsc in IANA is Scythian
	[&quot;xsc-x-saka&quot;] = &quot;Saka&quot;,
	[&quot;xsc-x-sarmat&quot;] = &quot;Sarmatian&quot;,
	[&quot;zle-x-ruthenia&quot;] = &quot;Ruthenian&quot;,											-- zle in IANA is East Slavic languages collective; moved to allow rsk for Pannonian Rusyn
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; A R T I C L E _ L I N K &gt;------------------------------------------------------

for those rare occasions when article titles don't fit with the normal '&lt;language name&gt; language', this table
maps language code to article title. Use of this table should be avoided and the use of redirects preferred as
that is the long-standing method of handling article names that don't fit with the normal pattern

]]

local article_name = {
	['aru'] = &quot;Arawá language&quot;,													-- Aruá (Amazonas State); to avoid Aruá dab page
	['arx'] = &quot;Aruá language (Rondônia)&quot;,										-- Aruá (Rodonia State) overridden to Aruá (Rondonia State); to avoid Aruá dab page
	['kue'] = &quot;Kuman language (New Guinea)&quot;,									-- Kuman (Papua New Guinea); to avoid Kuman dab page
	[&quot;lij-mc&quot;] = &quot;Monégasque dialect&quot;,											-- Ligurian as spoken in Monaco
	['mbo'] = &quot;Mbo language (Cameroon)&quot;,										-- Mbo (Cameroon)
	['mnh'] = &quot;Mono language (Congo)&quot;,											-- Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo); see Template_talk:Lang#Mono_languages
	['mnr'] = &quot;Mono language (California)&quot;,										-- Mono (USA)
	['mru'] = &quot;Mono language (Cameroon)&quot;,										-- Mono (Cameroon)
	[&quot;snq&quot;] = &quot;Sangu language (Gabon)&quot;,											-- Sangu (Gabon)
	[&quot;toi&quot;] = &quot;Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)&quot;,                           -- Tonga (Zambia and Zimbabwe); to avoid Tonga language dab page
	[&quot;vwa&quot;] = &quot;Awa language (China)&quot;,											-- Awa (China); to avoid Awa dab page
	[&quot;xlg&quot;] = &quot;Ligurian language (ancient)&quot;,									-- see Template_talk:Lang#Ligurian_dab
	[&quot;zmw&quot;] = &quot;Mbo language (Congo)&quot;,											-- Mbo (Democratic Republic of Congo)
	}


--[=[-------------------------&lt; R T L _ S C R I P T S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

ISO 15924 scripts that are written right-to-left. Data in this table taken from [[ISO 15924#List of codes]]

last update to this list: 2017-12-24

]=]

local rtl_scripts = {
	'adlm', 'arab', 'aran', 'armi', 'avst', 'cprt', 'egyd', 'egyh', 'hatr', 'hebr',
	'hung', 'inds', 'khar', 'lydi', 'mand', 'mani', 'mend', 'merc', 'mero', 'narb',
	'nbat', 'nkoo', 'orkh', 'palm', 'phli', 'phlp', 'phlv', 'phnx', 'prti', 'rohg',
	'samr', 'sarb', 'sogd', 'sogo', 'syrc', 'syre', 'syrj', 'syrn', 'thaa', 'wole',
	};


--[[--------------------------&lt; T R A N S L I T _ T I T L E S &gt;------------------------------------------------

This is a table of tables of transliteration standards and the language codes or language scripts that apply to
those standards. This table is used to create the tool-tip text associated with the transliterated text displayed
by some of the {{lang-??}} templates.

These tables are more-or-less copied directly from {{special|PermaLink/680078354}}. The standard 'NO_STD' is a construct to allow for
the cases when no |std= parameter value is provided.

]]

local translit_title_table = {
	['abkai'] = {																-- Manchu romanization
		['default'] = 'Abkai system of romanization',
		},

	['ahl'] = {
		['default'] = 'Academy of the Hebrew Language transliteration',
		},

	['ala'] = {
		['default'] = 'American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration',
		},

	['ala-lc'] = {
		['default'] = 'American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration',
		},

	['batr'] = {
		['default'] = 'Bikdash Arabic Transliteration Rules',
		},

	['bgn/pcgn'] = {
		['default'] = 'Board on Geographic Names / Permanent Committee on Geographical Names transliteration',
		},

	['din'] = {
		['ar'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['fa'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['ku'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['ps'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['tg'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['ug'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['ur'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
		['arab'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',

		['default'] = 'DIN transliteration',
		},

	['eae'] = {
		['default'] = 'Encyclopaedia Aethiopica transliteration',
		},

	['hepburn'] = {
		['default'] = 'Hepburn transliteration',
		},

	['hu'] = {																	-- Manchu romanization
		['default'] = 'Hu system of romanization',
		},

	['hunterian'] = {
		['default'] = 'Hunterian transliteration',
		},

	['iast'] = {
		['default'] = 'International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration',
		},

	['iso'] = {																	-- when a transliteration standard is supplied
		['ab'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['ba'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['be'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['bg'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['kk'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['ky'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['mn'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['ru'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['tg'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['uk'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['bua'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['sah'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['tut'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['xal'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['cyrl'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
		['cyrs'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',

		['ar'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
		['ku'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
		['ps'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
		['ug'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
		['ur'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
		['arab'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',

		['he'] = 'ISO 259 Hebrew',
		['yi'] = 'ISO 259 Hebrew',
		['hebr'] = 'ISO 259 Hebrew',

		['el'] = 'ISO 843 Greek',
		['grc'] = 'ISO 843 Greek',

		['ja'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
		['hira'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
		['hrkt'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
		['jpan'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
		['kana'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',

		['zh'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
		['chi'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
		['cmn'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
		['zho'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
--		['han'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',											-- unicode alias of Hani? doesn't belong here? should be Hani?
		['hans'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
		['hant'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',

		['ka'] = 'ISO 9984 Georgian',
		['kat'] = 'ISO 9984 Georgian',

		['arm'] = 'ISO 9985 Armenian',
		['hy'] = 'ISO 9985 Armenian',

		['th'] = 'ISO 11940 Thai',
		['tha'] = 'ISO 11940 Thai',

		['ko'] = 'ISO 11941 Korean',
		['kor'] = 'ISO 11941 Korean',

		['awa'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['bho'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['bn'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['bra'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['doi'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['dra'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['gon'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['gu'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['hi'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['hno'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['inc'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['kn'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['kok'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['ks'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['mag'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['mai'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['ml'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['mr'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['ne'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['new'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['or'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['pa'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['pnb'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['raj'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['sa'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['sat'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['sd'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['si'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['skr'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['ta'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['tcy'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['te'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['beng'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['brah'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['deva'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['gujr'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['guru'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['knda'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['mlym'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['orya'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['sinh'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['taml'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
		['telu'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',

		['default'] = 'ISO transliteration',
		},

	['jyutping'] = {
		['default'] = 'Jyutping transliteration',
		},

	['mdorff'] = {																-- Manchu romanization
		['default'] = 'Möllendorff system of romanization',
		},
	
	['mlcts'] = {
		['default'] = 'Myanmar Language Commission Transcription System',
		},

	['mr'] = {
		['default'] = 'McCune–Reischauer transliteration',
		},

	['nihon-shiki'] = {
		['default'] = 'Nihon-shiki transliteration',
		},

	['no_std'] = {																-- when no transliteration standard is supplied
		['akk'] = 'Semitic transliteration',
		['sem'] = 'Semitic transliteration',
		['phnx'] = 'Semitic transliteration',
		['xsux'] = 'Cuneiform transliteration',
		},

	['pinyin'] = {
		['default'] = 'Pinyin transliteration',
		},

	['rr'] = {
		['default'] = 'Revised Romanization of Korean transliteration',
		},

	['rtgs'] = {
		['default'] = 'Royal Thai General System of Transcription',
		},
	
	['satts'] = {
		['default'] = 'Standard Arabic Technical Transliteration System transliteration',
		},

	['scientific'] = {
		['default'] = 'scientific transliteration',
		},

	['thdl'] = {
		['default'] = 'THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription',
		},

	['ukrainian'] = {
		['default'] = 'Ukrainian National system of romanization',
		},

	['ungegn'] = {
		['default'] = 'United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names transliteration',
		},

	['wadegile'] = {
		['default'] = 'Wade–Giles transliteration',
		},

	['wehr'] = {
		['default'] = 'Hans Wehr transliteration',
		},
	
	['wylie'] = {
		['default'] = 'Wylie transliteration',
		},

	['yaleko'] = {
		['default'] = 'Yale romanization of Korean',
		},
	
	['zwpy'] = {
		['default'] = 'Tibetan pinyin'
		},
};


--[[--------------------------&lt; E N G _ V A R &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------

Used at en.wiki so that spelling of 'romanized' (US, default) can be changed to 'romanised' to match the envar
specified by a {{Use xxx English}}.

This is accomplished by setting |engvar=gb; can, should be omitted in articles that use American English; no
need for the clutter.

]]

local engvar_sel_t = {															-- select either UK English or US English
	['au'] = 'gb_t',															-- these match IANA region codes (except in lower case)
	['ca'] = 'us_t',
	['gb'] = 'gb_t',
	['ie'] = 'gb_t',
	['in'] = 'gb_t',
	['nz'] = 'gb_t',
	['us'] = 'us_t',															-- default engvar
	['za'] = 'gb_t'
	};

local engvar_t = {
	['gb_t'] = {
		['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanisation',										-- lower case
		['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanisation',										-- upper case
		['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanised',											-- past tense
		},
	['us_t'] = {																-- default engvar
		['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanization',										-- lower case
		['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanization',										-- upper case
		['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanized',											-- past tense
		}
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------
]]

return
	{
	this_wiki_lang_tag = this_wiki_lang_tag,
	this_wiki_lang_dir = lang_obj:getDir(),										-- wiki's language direction
	
	article_name = article_name,
	engvar_t = engvar_t,
	engvar_sel_t = engvar_sel_t,
	lang_name_table = lang_name_table_t,
	override = override,
	rtl_scripts = rtl_scripts,
	special_tags_table = special_tags_table,
	translit_title_table = translit_title_table,
	};</text>
      <sha1>nv9oycygfur6jkoj9o3r80sxtzql7mj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33543</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157756</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:20:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}} {{Lua|Module:Lang/data/iana languages|Module:Lang/data/iana scripts|Module:Lang/data/iana regions|Module:Lang/data/iana variants|Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts}}  This module holds various support tables used by [[Module:Lang]]. * &lt;code&gt;lang_name_table&lt;/code&gt; – this table provides language name data used in the creation of categories and, for the {{tld|lang-??}} templates, the language name annotation * &lt;code&gt;override&lt;/c...'</comment>
      <origin>157756</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1389" sha1="tfwa7tjb972oqorj0aeidbtvh98dww3" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}
{{Lua|Module:Lang/data/iana languages|Module:Lang/data/iana scripts|Module:Lang/data/iana regions|Module:Lang/data/iana variants|Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts}}

This module holds various support tables used by [[Module:Lang]].
* &lt;code&gt;lang_name_table&lt;/code&gt; – this table provides language name data used in the creation of categories and, for the {{tld|lang-??}} templates, the language name annotation
* &lt;code&gt;override&lt;/code&gt; – this table overrides data in &lt;code&gt;lang_name_table&lt;/code&gt;; commonly used when an en.wiki article title differs from the name for the standard's language
* &lt;code&gt;rtl_scripts&lt;/code&gt; – a list of ISO 15924 scripts that are written right-to-left; data taken from the table at [[ISO 15924#List of codes]]
* &lt;code&gt;translit_title_table&lt;/code&gt; – a table of tables that is used in the creation of the &lt;code&gt;title=&lt;/code&gt; attribute of the {{tag|i}} tags that wrap transliterated text; data adapted from {{tlx|transliteration}}
* &lt;code&gt;article_name&lt;/code&gt; – this table overrides &lt;code&gt;lang_name_table&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;override&lt;/code&gt; for (typically) disambiguated en.wiki article names

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>tfwa7tjb972oqorj0aeidbtvh98dww3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lua banner</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33544</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157757</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:24:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- This module implements the {{lua}} template. local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local mList = require('Module:List') local mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools') local mMessageBox = require('Module:Message box')  local p = {}  function p.main(frame) 	local origArgs = frame:getParent().args 	local args = {} 	for k, v in pairs(origArgs) do 		v = v:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$') 		if v ~= '' then 			args[k] = v 		end 	end 	return p._main(args) end  function p._m...'</comment>
      <origin>157757</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="3908" sha1="dq7qzq2ns8wqfpy25uvhp3np9z9bde7" xml:space="preserve">-- This module implements the {{lua}} template.
local yesno = require('Module:Yesno')
local mList = require('Module:List')
local mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools')
local mMessageBox = require('Module:Message box')

local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
	local origArgs = frame:getParent().args
	local args = {}
	for k, v in pairs(origArgs) do
		v = v:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
		if v ~= '' then
			args[k] = v
		end
	end
	return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
	local modules = mTableTools.compressSparseArray(args)
	local box = p.renderBox(modules)
	local trackingCategories = p.renderTrackingCategories(args, modules)
	return box .. trackingCategories
end

function p.renderBox(modules)
	local boxArgs = {}
	if #modules &lt; 1 then
		boxArgs.text = '&lt;strong class=&quot;error&quot;&gt;Error: no modules specified&lt;/strong&gt;'
	else
		local moduleLinks = {}
		for i, module in ipairs(modules) do
			moduleLinks[i] = string.format('[[:%s]]', module)
			local maybeSandbox = mw.title.new(module .. '/sandbox')
			if maybeSandbox and maybeSandbox.exists then
				moduleLinks[i] = moduleLinks[i] .. string.format(' ([[:%s|sandbox]])', maybeSandbox.fullText)
			end
		end
		local moduleList = mList.makeList('bulleted', moduleLinks)
		local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		if title.subpageText == &quot;doc&quot; then
			title = title.basePageTitle
		end
		if title.contentModel == &quot;Scribunto&quot; then
			boxArgs.text = 'This module depends on the following other modules:' .. moduleList
		else
			boxArgs.text = 'This template  uses [[Wikipedia:Lua|Lua]]:\n' .. moduleList
		end
	end
	boxArgs.type = 'notice'
	boxArgs.small = true
	boxArgs.image = '[[File:Lua-Logo.svg|30px|alt=|link=]]'
	return mMessageBox.main('mbox', boxArgs)
end

function p.renderTrackingCategories(args, modules, titleObj)
	if yesno(args.nocat) then
		return ''
	end

	local cats = {}

	-- Error category
	if #modules &lt; 1 then
		cats[#cats + 1] = 'Lua templates with errors'
	end

	-- Lua templates category
	titleObj = titleObj or mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	local subpageBlacklist = {
		doc = true,
		sandbox = true,
		sandbox2 = true,
		testcases = true
	}
	if not subpageBlacklist[titleObj.subpageText] then
		local protCatName
		if titleObj.namespace == 10 then
			local category = args.category
			if not category then
				local categories = {
					['Module:String'] = 'Templates based on the String Lua module',
					['Module:Math'] = 'Templates based on the Math Lua module',
					['Module:BaseConvert'] = 'Templates based on the BaseConvert Lua module',
					['Module:Citation/CS1'] = 'Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module'
				}
				category = modules[1] and categories[modules[1]]
				category = category or 'Lua-based templates'
			end	
			cats[#cats + 1] = category
			protCatName = &quot;Templates using under-protected Lua modules&quot;
		elseif titleObj.namespace == 828 then
			protCatName = &quot;Modules depending on under-protected modules&quot;
		end
		if not args.noprotcat and protCatName then
			local protLevels = {
				autoconfirmed = 1,
				extendedconfirmed = 2,
				templateeditor = 3,
				sysop = 4
			}
			local currentProt
			if titleObj.id ~= 0 then
				-- id is 0 (page does not exist) if am previewing before creating a template.
				currentProt = titleObj.protectionLevels[&quot;edit&quot;][1]
			end
			if currentProt == nil then currentProt = 0 else currentProt = protLevels[currentProt] end
			for i, module in ipairs(modules) do
				if module ~= &quot;WP:libraryUtil&quot; then
					local moduleTitle = mw.title.new(module)
					local moduleProt = moduleTitle and moduleTitle.protectionLevels[&quot;edit&quot;][1]
					if moduleProt == nil then moduleProt = 0 else moduleProt = protLevels[moduleProt] end
					if moduleProt &lt; currentProt then
						cats[#cats + 1] = protCatName
						break
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end
	for i, cat in ipairs(cats) do
		cats[i] = string.format('[[Category:%s]]', cat)
	end
	return table.concat(cats)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>dq7qzq2ns8wqfpy25uvhp3np9z9bde7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lua banner/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33545</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157758</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:25:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{high use}} {{Lua|Module:Yesno|Module:List|Module:TableTools|Module:Message box}} This module implements the {{tl|lua}} template.  == Usage from wikitext ==  This module cannot be used directly from wikitext. It can only be used through the {{tl|lua}} template. Please see the template page for documentation.  == Usage from Lua modules ==  To use this module from other Lua modules, first load the module.  &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt; local mLuaBanner = require...'</comment>
      <origin>157758</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1115" sha1="fos047t7cgpw3gglhv5yhmde5dwfeiv" xml:space="preserve">{{high use}}
{{Lua|Module:Yesno|Module:List|Module:TableTools|Module:Message box}}
This module implements the {{tl|lua}} template.

== Usage from wikitext ==

This module cannot be used directly from wikitext. It can only be used through the {{tl|lua}} template. Please see the template page for documentation.

== Usage from Lua modules ==

To use this module from other Lua modules, first load the module.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local mLuaBanner = require('Module:Lua banner')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

You can then generate a side box using the _main function.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
mLuaBanner._main(args)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The &lt;var&gt;args&lt;/var&gt; variable should be a table containing the arguments to pass to the module. To see the different arguments that can be specified and how they affect the module output, please refer to the {{tl|lua}} template documentation.

== Tracking category ==
* {{clc|Lua templates with errors}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox||
&lt;!-- Categories go here and interwikis go in Wikidata. --&gt;
[[Category:Modules that add a tracking category]]

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>fos047t7cgpw3gglhv5yhmde5dwfeiv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:List</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33546</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157759</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:26:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'local libUtil = require('libraryUtil') local checkType = libUtil.checkType local mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools')  local p = {}  local listTypes = { 	['bulleted'] = true, 	['unbulleted'] = true, 	['horizontal'] = true, 	['ordered'] = true, 	['horizontal_ordered'] = true }  function p.makeListData(listType, args) 	-- Constructs a data table to be passed to p.renderList. 	local data = {}  	-- Classes and TemplateStyles 	data.classes = {} 	data.template...'</comment>
      <origin>157759</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="5652" sha1="3zyv4n9325mfv0ujl80r445q2241il3" xml:space="preserve">local libUtil = require('libraryUtil')
local checkType = libUtil.checkType
local mTableTools = require('Module:TableTools')

local p = {}

local listTypes = {
	['bulleted'] = true,
	['unbulleted'] = true,
	['horizontal'] = true,
	['ordered'] = true,
	['horizontal_ordered'] = true
}

function p.makeListData(listType, args)
	-- Constructs a data table to be passed to p.renderList.
	local data = {}

	-- Classes and TemplateStyles
	data.classes = {}
	data.templatestyles = ''
	if listType == 'horizontal' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		table.insert(data.classes, 'hlist')
		data.templatestyles = mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Hlist/styles.css' }
		}
	elseif listType == 'unbulleted' then
		table.insert(data.classes, 'plainlist')
		data.templatestyles = mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Plainlist/styles.css' }
		}
	end
	table.insert(data.classes, args.class)

	-- Main div style
	data.style = args.style

	-- Indent for horizontal lists
	if listType == 'horizontal' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		local indent = tonumber(args.indent)
		indent = indent and indent * 1.6 or 0
		if indent &gt; 0 then
			data.marginLeft = indent .. 'em'
		end
	end
	
	-- List style types for ordered lists
	-- This could be &quot;1, 2, 3&quot;, &quot;a, b, c&quot;, or a number of others. The list style
	-- type is either set by the &quot;type&quot; attribute or the &quot;list-style-type&quot; CSS
	-- property.
	if listType == 'ordered' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then 
		data.listStyleType = args.list_style_type or args['list-style-type']
		data.type = args['type']

		-- Detect invalid type attributes and attempt to convert them to
		-- list-style-type CSS properties.
		if data.type 
			and not data.listStyleType
			and not tostring(data.type):find('^%s*[1AaIi]%s*$')
		then
			data.listStyleType = data.type
			data.type = nil
		end
	end
	
	-- List tag type
	if listType == 'ordered' or listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		data.listTag = 'ol'
	else
		data.listTag = 'ul'
	end

	-- Start number for ordered lists
	data.start = args.start
	if listType == 'horizontal_ordered' then
		-- Apply fix to get start numbers working with horizontal ordered lists.
		local startNum = tonumber(data.start)
		if startNum then
			data.counterReset = 'listitem ' .. tostring(startNum - 1)
		end
	end

	-- List style
	 -- ul_style and ol_style are included for backwards compatibility. No
	 -- distinction is made for ordered or unordered lists.
	data.listStyle = args.list_style

	-- List items
	-- li_style is included for backwards compatibility. item_style was included
	-- to be easier to understand for non-coders.
	data.itemStyle = args.item_style or args.li_style
	data.items = {}
	for _, num in ipairs(mTableTools.numKeys(args)) do
		local item = {}
		item.content = args[num]
		item.style = args['item' .. tostring(num) .. '_style']
			or args['item_style' .. tostring(num)]
		item.value = args['item' .. tostring(num) .. '_value']
			or args['item_value' .. tostring(num)]
		table.insert(data.items, item)
	end
	
	return data
end

function p.renderList(data)
	-- Renders the list HTML.
	
	-- Return the blank string if there are no list items.
	if type(data.items) ~= 'table' or #data.items &lt; 1 then
		return ''
	end
	
	-- Render the main div tag.
	local root = mw.html.create('div')
	for _, class in ipairs(data.classes or {}) do
		root:addClass(class)
	end
	root:css{['margin-left'] = data.marginLeft}
	if data.style then
		root:cssText(data.style)
	end

	-- Render the list tag.
	local list = root:tag(data.listTag or 'ul')
	list
		:attr{start = data.start, type = data.type}
		:css{
			['counter-reset'] = data.counterReset,
			['list-style-type'] = data.listStyleType
		}
	if data.listStyle then
		list:cssText(data.listStyle)
	end

	-- Render the list items
	for _, t in ipairs(data.items or {}) do
		local item = list:tag('li')
		if data.itemStyle then
			item:cssText(data.itemStyle)
		end
		if t.style then
			item:cssText(t.style)
		end
		item
			:attr{value = t.value}
			:wikitext(t.content)
	end

	return data.templatestyles .. tostring(root)
end

function p.renderTrackingCategories(args)
	local isDeprecated = false -- Tracks deprecated parameters.
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		k = tostring(k)
		if k:find('^item_style%d+$') or k:find('^item_value%d+$') then
			isDeprecated = true
			break
		end
	end
	local ret = ''
	if isDeprecated then
		ret = ret .. '[[Category:Pages using module:list with deprecated parameters]]'
	end
	return ret
end

function p.makeList(listType, args)
	if not listType or not listTypes[listType] then
		error(string.format(
			&quot;bad argument #1 to 'makeList' ('%s' is not a valid list type)&quot;,
			tostring(listType)
		), 2)
	end
	checkType('makeList', 2, args, 'table')
	local data = p.makeListData(listType, args)
	local list = p.renderList(data)
	local trackingCategories = p.renderTrackingCategories(args)
	return list .. trackingCategories
end

for listType in pairs(listTypes) do
	p[listType] = function (frame)
		local mArguments = require('Module:Arguments')
		local origArgs = mArguments.getArgs(frame, {
			frameOnly = ((frame and frame.args and frame.args.frameonly or '') ~= ''),
			valueFunc = function (key, value)
			if not value or not mw.ustring.find(value, '%S') then return nil end
			if mw.ustring.find(value, '^%s*[%*#;:]') then
				return value
			else
				return value:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
			end
			return nil
		end
		})
		-- Copy all the arguments to a new table, for faster indexing.
		local args = {}
		for k, v in pairs(origArgs) do
			args[k] = v
		end
		return p.makeList(listType, args)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>3zyv4n9325mfv0ujl80r445q2241il3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:List/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33547</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157760</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:26:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{used in system|in [[MediaWiki:Citethispage-content]]}} {{module rating|p}} {{cascade-protected template|page=module}} {{Lua|Module:TableTools|Module:Arguments}} {{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Plainlist/styles.css|Template:Hlist/styles.css}}  This module outputs various kinds of lists. At present, it supports bulleted lists, unbulleted lists, horizontal lists, ordered lists (numbered or alphabetical), and horizontal ordered lists. It allows for easy css styli...'</comment>
      <origin>157760</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9021" sha1="recmd3l9fw8nnf46am0birnlk0bhlvi" xml:space="preserve">{{used in system|in [[MediaWiki:Citethispage-content]]}}
{{module rating|p}}
{{cascade-protected template|page=module}}
{{Lua|Module:TableTools|Module:Arguments}}
{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Plainlist/styles.css|Template:Hlist/styles.css}}

This module outputs various kinds of lists. At present, it supports bulleted lists, unbulleted lists, horizontal lists, ordered lists (numbered or alphabetical), and horizontal ordered lists. It allows for easy css styling of the list or of the individual list items.

== Usage ==

=== Quick usage ===
{{pre|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:list&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''function''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''first item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''second item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''third item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;...&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

=== All parameters ===
{{pre|
&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:list&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''function''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''first item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''second item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''third item''&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;...
&lt;nowiki&gt;|start           = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''start number for ordered lists''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|type            = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''type of numbering for ordered lists''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|list_style_type = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''type of marker for ordered lists (uses CSS)''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|class           = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''class''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|style           = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|list_style      = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for the list''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|item_style      = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for all list items''
&lt;nowiki&gt;|item1_style     = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for the first list item''&lt;nowiki&gt; |item2_style = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''style for the second list item''&lt;nowiki&gt; |&lt;/nowiki&gt;...
&lt;nowiki&gt;|item1_value     = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''value for the first list item''&lt;nowiki&gt; |item2_value = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''value for the second list item''&lt;nowiki&gt; |&lt;/nowiki&gt;...
&lt;nowiki&gt;|indent          = &lt;/nowiki&gt;''indent for horizontal lists''
&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
}}

=== Arguments passed from parent template ===
{{pre|&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:list&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;''function''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

=== Functions ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Function name
! Produces
! Example output
! Template using the function
|-
| &lt;code&gt;bulleted&lt;/code&gt;
| Bulleted lists
| {{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item}}
| {{tlx|bulleted list}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;unbulleted&lt;/code&gt;
| Unbulleted lists
| {{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item}}
| {{tlx|unbulleted list}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;horizontal&lt;/code&gt;
| Horizontal bulleted lists
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal|First item|Second item|Third item}}
| {{tlx|hlist}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;ordered&lt;/code&gt;
| Ordered lists (numbered lists and alphabetical lists)
| {{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item}}
| {{tlx|ordered list}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;horizontal_ordered&lt;/code&gt;
| Horizontal ordered lists
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item}}
| {{tlx|horizontal ordered list}}
|}

== Parameters ==
* Positional parameters (&lt;code&gt;1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;3&lt;/code&gt;...) - these are the list items. If no list items are present, the module will output nothing.
* &lt;code&gt;start&lt;/code&gt; - sets the start item for ordered lists. This can be a start number for numbered lists, or a start letter for alphabetical lists. Horizontal ordered lists only support numbers.
* &lt;code&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; - the type of marker used in ordered lists. Possible values are &quot;1&quot; for numbers (the default), &quot;A&quot; for uppercase letters, &quot;a&quot; for lowercase letters, &quot;I&quot; for uppercase [[Roman numerals]], and &quot;i&quot; for lowercase Roman numerals. Not supported in horizontal ordered lists. See also the &lt;code&gt;list_style_type&lt;/code&gt; parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;list_style_type&lt;/code&gt; - the type of marker used in ordered lists. This uses CSS styling, and has more types available than the &lt;code&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; parameter, which uses an [[html attribute]]. Possible values are listed at [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-type MDN's list-style-type page]. Support may vary by browser. &lt;code&gt;list-style-type&lt;/code&gt; is an alias for this parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;class&lt;/code&gt; - a custom class for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list, e.g. &lt;code&gt;plainlinks&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;style&lt;/code&gt; - a custom css style for the {{tag|div}} tags surrounding the list, e.g. &lt;code&gt;font-size: 90%;&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;list_style&lt;/code&gt; - a custom css style for the list itself. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;item_style&lt;/code&gt; - a custom css style for all of the list items (the {{tag|li}} tags). The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;item1_style&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;item2_style&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;item3_style&lt;/code&gt;... - custom css styles for each of the list items. The format is the same as for the {{para|style}} parameter.
* &lt;code&gt;item1_value&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;item2_value&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;item3_value&lt;/code&gt;... - custom value for the given list item. List items following the one given will increment from the specified value. The value should be a positive integer. (Note that this option only has an effect on ordered lists.)
* &lt;code&gt;indent&lt;/code&gt; - this parameter indents the list, for horizontal and horizontal ordered lists only. The value must be a number, e.g. &lt;code&gt;2&lt;/code&gt;. The indent is calculated in [[Em (typography)|em]], and is 1.6 times the value specified. If no indent is specified, the default is zero.

== Examples ==

=== Bulleted lists ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item_style=color:blue;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item_style=color:blue;}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item1_style=background-color:yellow;|item2_style=background-color:silver;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|bulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item1_style=background-color:yellow;|item2_style=background-color:silver;}}
|}

=== Unbulleted lists ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item_style=color:blue;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item_style=color:blue;}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item1_style=background-color:yellow;|item2_style=background-color:silver;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|unbulleted|First item|Second item|Third item|item1_style=background-color:yellow;|item2_style=background-color:silver;}}
|}

=== Horizontal lists ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|horizontal|First item|Second item|Third item}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal|First item|Second item|Third item}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|horizontal|First item|Second item|Third item|indent=2}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal|First item|Second item|Third item|indent=2}}
|}

=== Ordered lists ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|start=3}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|start=3}}
|-
| Lowercase [[Roman numerals]]: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|type=i}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|type=i}}
|-
| Lowercase [[Greek alphabet]]: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|list_style_type=lower-greek}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|list_style_type=lower-greek}}
|}

=== Horizontal ordered lists ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|start=3}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|start=3}}
|-
| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|indent=2}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{#invoke:list|horizontal_ordered|First item|Second item|Third item|indent=2}}
|}

== Tracking/maintenance category ==
* {{clc|Pages using module:list with deprecated parameters}}

== See also ==
* [[Module:Separated entries]]

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Modules that add a tracking category]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>recmd3l9fw8nnf46am0birnlk0bhlvi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana languages</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33548</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157761</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:29:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- File-Date: 2026-04-09 local active = { 	[&quot;aa&quot;] = {&quot;Afar&quot;}, 	[&quot;ab&quot;] = {&quot;Abkhazian&quot;}, 	[&quot;ae&quot;] = {&quot;Avestan&quot;}, 	[&quot;af&quot;] = {&quot;Afrikaans&quot;}, 	[&quot;ak&quot;] = {&quot;Akan&quot;}, 	[&quot;am&quot;] = {&quot;Amharic&quot;}, 	[&quot;an&quot;] = {&quot;Aragonese&quot;}, 	[&quot;ar&quot;] = {&quot;Arabic&quot;}, 	[&quot;as&quot;] = {&quot;Assamese&quot;}, 	[&quot;av&quot;] = {&quot;Avaric&quot;}, 	[&quot;ay&quot;] = {&quot;Aymara&quot;}, 	[&quot;az&quot;] = {&quot;Azerbaijani&quot;}, 	[&quot;ba&quot;] = {&quot;Bashkir&quot;}, 	[&quot;be&quot;] = {&quot;Belarusian&quot;}, 	[&quot;bg&quot;] = {&quot;Bulgarian&quot;}, 	[&quot;bh&quot;] = {&quot;Bihari languages&quot;}, 	[&quot;bi&quot;] = {&quot;Bislama&quot;}, 	[&quot;bm&quot;] = {&quot;Bam...'</comment>
      <origin>157761</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="223008" sha1="lvtjy4barx2qygel3xiiq0zt2bdqn5t" xml:space="preserve">-- File-Date: 2026-04-09
local active = {
	[&quot;aa&quot;] = {&quot;Afar&quot;},
	[&quot;ab&quot;] = {&quot;Abkhazian&quot;},
	[&quot;ae&quot;] = {&quot;Avestan&quot;},
	[&quot;af&quot;] = {&quot;Afrikaans&quot;},
	[&quot;ak&quot;] = {&quot;Akan&quot;},
	[&quot;am&quot;] = {&quot;Amharic&quot;},
	[&quot;an&quot;] = {&quot;Aragonese&quot;},
	[&quot;ar&quot;] = {&quot;Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;as&quot;] = {&quot;Assamese&quot;},
	[&quot;av&quot;] = {&quot;Avaric&quot;},
	[&quot;ay&quot;] = {&quot;Aymara&quot;},
	[&quot;az&quot;] = {&quot;Azerbaijani&quot;},
	[&quot;ba&quot;] = {&quot;Bashkir&quot;},
	[&quot;be&quot;] = {&quot;Belarusian&quot;},
	[&quot;bg&quot;] = {&quot;Bulgarian&quot;},
	[&quot;bh&quot;] = {&quot;Bihari languages&quot;},
	[&quot;bi&quot;] = {&quot;Bislama&quot;},
	[&quot;bm&quot;] = {&quot;Bambara&quot;},
	[&quot;bn&quot;] = {&quot;Bengali&quot;, &quot;Bangla&quot;},
	[&quot;bo&quot;] = {&quot;Tibetan&quot;},
	[&quot;br&quot;] = {&quot;Breton&quot;},
	[&quot;bs&quot;] = {&quot;Bosnian&quot;},
	[&quot;ca&quot;] = {&quot;Catalan&quot;, &quot;Valencian&quot;},
	[&quot;ce&quot;] = {&quot;Chechen&quot;},
	[&quot;ch&quot;] = {&quot;Chamorro&quot;},
	[&quot;co&quot;] = {&quot;Corsican&quot;},
	[&quot;cr&quot;] = {&quot;Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;cs&quot;] = {&quot;Czech&quot;},
	[&quot;cu&quot;] = {&quot;Church Slavic&quot;, &quot;Church Slavonic&quot;, &quot;Old Bulgarian&quot;, &quot;Old Church Slavonic&quot;, &quot;Old Slavonic&quot;},
	[&quot;cv&quot;] = {&quot;Chuvash&quot;},
	[&quot;cy&quot;] = {&quot;Welsh&quot;},
	[&quot;da&quot;] = {&quot;Danish&quot;},
	[&quot;de&quot;] = {&quot;German&quot;},
	[&quot;dv&quot;] = {&quot;Dhivehi&quot;, &quot;Divehi&quot;, &quot;Maldivian&quot;},
	[&quot;dz&quot;] = {&quot;Dzongkha&quot;},
	[&quot;ee&quot;] = {&quot;Ewe&quot;},
	[&quot;el&quot;] = {&quot;Modern Greek (1453-)&quot;},
	[&quot;en&quot;] = {&quot;English&quot;},
	[&quot;eo&quot;] = {&quot;Esperanto&quot;},
	[&quot;es&quot;] = {&quot;Spanish&quot;, &quot;Castilian&quot;},
	[&quot;et&quot;] = {&quot;Estonian&quot;},
	[&quot;eu&quot;] = {&quot;Basque&quot;},
	[&quot;fa&quot;] = {&quot;Persian&quot;},
	[&quot;ff&quot;] = {&quot;Fulah&quot;},
	[&quot;fi&quot;] = {&quot;Finnish&quot;},
	[&quot;fj&quot;] = {&quot;Fijian&quot;},
	[&quot;fo&quot;] = {&quot;Faroese&quot;},
	[&quot;fr&quot;] = {&quot;French&quot;},
	[&quot;fy&quot;] = {&quot;Western Frisian&quot;},
	[&quot;ga&quot;] = {&quot;Irish&quot;},
	[&quot;gd&quot;] = {&quot;Scottish Gaelic&quot;, &quot;Gaelic&quot;},
	[&quot;gl&quot;] = {&quot;Galician&quot;},
	[&quot;gn&quot;] = {&quot;Guarani&quot;},
	[&quot;gu&quot;] = {&quot;Gujarati&quot;},
	[&quot;gv&quot;] = {&quot;Manx&quot;},
	[&quot;ha&quot;] = {&quot;Hausa&quot;},
	[&quot;he&quot;] = {&quot;Hebrew&quot;},
	[&quot;hi&quot;] = {&quot;Hindi&quot;},
	[&quot;ho&quot;] = {&quot;Hiri Motu&quot;},
	[&quot;hr&quot;] = {&quot;Croatian&quot;},
	[&quot;ht&quot;] = {&quot;Haitian&quot;, &quot;Haitian Creole&quot;},
	[&quot;hu&quot;] = {&quot;Hungarian&quot;},
	[&quot;hy&quot;] = {&quot;Armenian&quot;},
	[&quot;hz&quot;] = {&quot;Herero&quot;},
	[&quot;ia&quot;] = {&quot;Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)&quot;},
	[&quot;id&quot;] = {&quot;Indonesian&quot;},
	[&quot;ie&quot;] = {&quot;Interlingue&quot;, &quot;Occidental&quot;},
	[&quot;ig&quot;] = {&quot;Igbo&quot;},
	[&quot;ii&quot;] = {&quot;Sichuan Yi&quot;, &quot;Nuosu&quot;},
	[&quot;ik&quot;] = {&quot;Inupiaq&quot;},
	[&quot;io&quot;] = {&quot;Ido&quot;},
	[&quot;is&quot;] = {&quot;Icelandic&quot;},
	[&quot;it&quot;] = {&quot;Italian&quot;},
	[&quot;iu&quot;] = {&quot;Inuktitut&quot;},
	[&quot;ja&quot;] = {&quot;Japanese&quot;},
	[&quot;jv&quot;] = {&quot;Javanese&quot;},
	[&quot;ka&quot;] = {&quot;Georgian&quot;},
	[&quot;kg&quot;] = {&quot;Kongo&quot;},
	[&quot;ki&quot;] = {&quot;Kikuyu&quot;, &quot;Gikuyu&quot;},
	[&quot;kj&quot;] = {&quot;Kuanyama&quot;, &quot;Kwanyama&quot;},
	[&quot;kk&quot;] = {&quot;Kazakh&quot;},
	[&quot;kl&quot;] = {&quot;Kalaallisut&quot;, &quot;Greenlandic&quot;},
	[&quot;km&quot;] = {&quot;Khmer&quot;, &quot;Central Khmer&quot;},
	[&quot;kn&quot;] = {&quot;Kannada&quot;},
	[&quot;ko&quot;] = {&quot;Korean&quot;},
	[&quot;kr&quot;] = {&quot;Kanuri&quot;},
	[&quot;ks&quot;] = {&quot;Kashmiri&quot;},
	[&quot;ku&quot;] = {&quot;Kurdish&quot;},
	[&quot;kv&quot;] = {&quot;Komi&quot;},
	[&quot;kw&quot;] = {&quot;Cornish&quot;},
	[&quot;ky&quot;] = {&quot;Kirghiz&quot;, &quot;Kyrgyz&quot;},
	[&quot;la&quot;] = {&quot;Latin&quot;},
	[&quot;lb&quot;] = {&quot;Luxembourgish&quot;, &quot;Letzeburgesch&quot;},
	[&quot;lg&quot;] = {&quot;Ganda&quot;, &quot;Luganda&quot;},
	[&quot;li&quot;] = {&quot;Limburgan&quot;, &quot;Limburger&quot;, &quot;Limburgish&quot;},
	[&quot;ln&quot;] = {&quot;Lingala&quot;},
	[&quot;lo&quot;] = {&quot;Lao&quot;},
	[&quot;lt&quot;] = {&quot;Lithuanian&quot;},
	[&quot;lu&quot;] = {&quot;Luba-Katanga&quot;},
	[&quot;lv&quot;] = {&quot;Latvian&quot;},
	[&quot;mg&quot;] = {&quot;Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;mh&quot;] = {&quot;Marshallese&quot;},
	[&quot;mi&quot;] = {&quot;Maori&quot;},
	[&quot;mk&quot;] = {&quot;Macedonian&quot;},
	[&quot;ml&quot;] = {&quot;Malayalam&quot;},
	[&quot;mn&quot;] = {&quot;Mongolian&quot;},
	[&quot;mr&quot;] = {&quot;Marathi&quot;},
	[&quot;ms&quot;] = {&quot;Malay (macrolanguage)&quot;},
	[&quot;mt&quot;] = {&quot;Maltese&quot;},
	[&quot;my&quot;] = {&quot;Burmese&quot;},
	[&quot;na&quot;] = {&quot;Nauru&quot;},
	[&quot;nb&quot;] = {&quot;Norwegian Bokmål&quot;},
	[&quot;nd&quot;] = {&quot;North Ndebele&quot;},
	[&quot;ne&quot;] = {&quot;Nepali (macrolanguage)&quot;},
	[&quot;ng&quot;] = {&quot;Ndonga&quot;},
	[&quot;nl&quot;] = {&quot;Dutch&quot;, &quot;Flemish&quot;},
	[&quot;nn&quot;] = {&quot;Norwegian Nynorsk&quot;},
	[&quot;no&quot;] = {&quot;Norwegian&quot;},
	[&quot;nr&quot;] = {&quot;South Ndebele&quot;},
	[&quot;nv&quot;] = {&quot;Navajo&quot;, &quot;Navaho&quot;},
	[&quot;ny&quot;] = {&quot;Chichewa&quot;, &quot;Chewa&quot;, &quot;Nyanja&quot;},
	[&quot;oc&quot;] = {&quot;Occitan (post 1500)&quot;},
	[&quot;oj&quot;] = {&quot;Ojibwa&quot;},
	[&quot;om&quot;] = {&quot;Oromo&quot;},
	[&quot;or&quot;] = {&quot;Oriya (macrolanguage)&quot;, &quot;Odia (macrolanguage)&quot;},
	[&quot;os&quot;] = {&quot;Iron Ossetic&quot;, &quot;Iron&quot;, &quot;Iron Ossetian&quot;, &quot;Ossetian&quot;, &quot;Ossetic&quot;},
	[&quot;pa&quot;] = {&quot;Panjabi&quot;, &quot;Punjabi&quot;},
	[&quot;pi&quot;] = {&quot;Pali&quot;},
	[&quot;pl&quot;] = {&quot;Polish&quot;},
	[&quot;ps&quot;] = {&quot;Pushto&quot;, &quot;Pashto&quot;},
	[&quot;pt&quot;] = {&quot;Portuguese&quot;},
	[&quot;qu&quot;] = {&quot;Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;rm&quot;] = {&quot;Romansh&quot;},
	[&quot;rn&quot;] = {&quot;Rundi&quot;},
	[&quot;ro&quot;] = {&quot;Romanian&quot;, &quot;Moldavian&quot;, &quot;Moldovan&quot;},
	[&quot;ru&quot;] = {&quot;Russian&quot;},
	[&quot;rw&quot;] = {&quot;Kinyarwanda&quot;},
	[&quot;sa&quot;] = {&quot;Sanskrit&quot;},
	[&quot;sc&quot;] = {&quot;Sardinian&quot;},
	[&quot;sd&quot;] = {&quot;Sindhi&quot;},
	[&quot;se&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sg&quot;] = {&quot;Sango&quot;},
	[&quot;sh&quot;] = {&quot;Serbo-Croatian&quot;},
	[&quot;si&quot;] = {&quot;Sinhala&quot;, &quot;Sinhalese&quot;},
	[&quot;sk&quot;] = {&quot;Slovak&quot;},
	[&quot;sl&quot;] = {&quot;Slovenian&quot;},
	[&quot;sm&quot;] = {&quot;Samoan&quot;},
	[&quot;sn&quot;] = {&quot;Shona&quot;},
	[&quot;so&quot;] = {&quot;Somali&quot;},
	[&quot;sq&quot;] = {&quot;Albanian&quot;},
	[&quot;sr&quot;] = {&quot;Serbian&quot;},
	[&quot;ss&quot;] = {&quot;Swati&quot;},
	[&quot;st&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Sotho&quot;},
	[&quot;su&quot;] = {&quot;Sundanese&quot;},
	[&quot;sv&quot;] = {&quot;Swedish&quot;},
	[&quot;sw&quot;] = {&quot;Swahili (macrolanguage)&quot;},
	[&quot;ta&quot;] = {&quot;Tamil&quot;},
	[&quot;te&quot;] = {&quot;Telugu&quot;},
	[&quot;tg&quot;] = {&quot;Tajik&quot;},
	[&quot;th&quot;] = {&quot;Thai&quot;},
	[&quot;ti&quot;] = {&quot;Tigrinya&quot;},
	[&quot;tk&quot;] = {&quot;Turkmen&quot;},
	[&quot;tl&quot;] = {&quot;Tagalog&quot;},
	[&quot;tn&quot;] = {&quot;Tswana&quot;},
	[&quot;to&quot;] = {&quot;Tonga (Tonga Islands)&quot;},
	[&quot;tr&quot;] = {&quot;Turkish&quot;},
	[&quot;ts&quot;] = {&quot;Tsonga&quot;},
	[&quot;tt&quot;] = {&quot;Tatar&quot;},
	[&quot;tw&quot;] = {&quot;Twi&quot;},
	[&quot;ty&quot;] = {&quot;Tahitian&quot;},
	[&quot;ug&quot;] = {&quot;Uighur&quot;, &quot;Uyghur&quot;},
	[&quot;uk&quot;] = {&quot;Ukrainian&quot;},
	[&quot;ur&quot;] = {&quot;Urdu&quot;},
	[&quot;uz&quot;] = {&quot;Uzbek&quot;},
	[&quot;ve&quot;] = {&quot;Venda&quot;},
	[&quot;vi&quot;] = {&quot;Vietnamese&quot;},
	[&quot;vo&quot;] = {&quot;Volapük&quot;},
	[&quot;wa&quot;] = {&quot;Walloon&quot;},
	[&quot;wo&quot;] = {&quot;Wolof&quot;},
	[&quot;xh&quot;] = {&quot;Xhosa&quot;},
	[&quot;yi&quot;] = {&quot;Yiddish&quot;},
	[&quot;yo&quot;] = {&quot;Yoruba&quot;},
	[&quot;za&quot;] = {&quot;Zhuang&quot;, &quot;Chuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zh&quot;] = {&quot;Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;zu&quot;] = {&quot;Zulu&quot;},
	[&quot;aaa&quot;] = {&quot;Ghotuo&quot;},
	[&quot;aab&quot;] = {&quot;Alumu-Tesu&quot;},
	[&quot;aac&quot;] = {&quot;Ari&quot;},
	[&quot;aad&quot;] = {&quot;Amal&quot;},
	[&quot;aae&quot;] = {&quot;Arbëreshë Albanian&quot;},
	[&quot;aaf&quot;] = {&quot;Aranadan&quot;},
	[&quot;aag&quot;] = {&quot;Ambrak&quot;},
	[&quot;aah&quot;] = {&quot;Abu' Arapesh&quot;},
	[&quot;aai&quot;] = {&quot;Arifama-Miniafia&quot;},
	[&quot;aak&quot;] = {&quot;Ankave&quot;},
	[&quot;aal&quot;] = {&quot;Afade&quot;},
	[&quot;aan&quot;] = {&quot;Anambé&quot;},
	[&quot;aao&quot;] = {&quot;Algerian Saharan Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;aap&quot;] = {&quot;Pará Arára&quot;},
	[&quot;aaq&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Abnaki&quot;},
	[&quot;aas&quot;] = {&quot;Aasáx&quot;},
	[&quot;aat&quot;] = {&quot;Arvanitika Albanian&quot;},
	[&quot;aau&quot;] = {&quot;Abau&quot;},
	[&quot;aav&quot;] = {&quot;Austro-Asiatic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;aaw&quot;] = {&quot;Solong&quot;},
	[&quot;aax&quot;] = {&quot;Mandobo Atas&quot;},
	[&quot;aaz&quot;] = {&quot;Amarasi&quot;},
	[&quot;aba&quot;] = {&quot;Abé&quot;},
	[&quot;abb&quot;] = {&quot;Bankon&quot;},
	[&quot;abc&quot;] = {&quot;Ambala Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;abd&quot;] = {&quot;Manide&quot;},
	[&quot;abe&quot;] = {&quot;Western Abnaki&quot;},
	[&quot;abf&quot;] = {&quot;Abai Sungai&quot;},
	[&quot;abg&quot;] = {&quot;Abaga&quot;},
	[&quot;abh&quot;] = {&quot;Tajiki Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;abi&quot;] = {&quot;Abidji&quot;},
	[&quot;abj&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Bea&quot;},
	[&quot;abl&quot;] = {&quot;Lampung Nyo&quot;},
	[&quot;abm&quot;] = {&quot;Abanyom&quot;},
	[&quot;abn&quot;] = {&quot;Abua&quot;},
	[&quot;abo&quot;] = {&quot;Abon&quot;},
	[&quot;abp&quot;] = {&quot;Abellen Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;abq&quot;] = {&quot;Abaza&quot;},
	[&quot;abr&quot;] = {&quot;Abron&quot;},
	[&quot;abs&quot;] = {&quot;Ambonese Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;abt&quot;] = {&quot;Ambulas&quot;},
	[&quot;abu&quot;] = {&quot;Abure&quot;},
	[&quot;abv&quot;] = {&quot;Baharna Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;abw&quot;] = {&quot;Pal&quot;},
	[&quot;abx&quot;] = {&quot;Inabaknon&quot;},
	[&quot;aby&quot;] = {&quot;Aneme Wake&quot;},
	[&quot;abz&quot;] = {&quot;Abui&quot;},
	[&quot;aca&quot;] = {&quot;Achagua&quot;},
	[&quot;acb&quot;] = {&quot;Áncá&quot;},
	[&quot;acd&quot;] = {&quot;Gikyode&quot;},
	[&quot;ace&quot;] = {&quot;Achinese&quot;},
	[&quot;acf&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Lucian Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;ach&quot;] = {&quot;Acoli&quot;},
	[&quot;aci&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Cari&quot;},
	[&quot;ack&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Kora&quot;},
	[&quot;acl&quot;] = {&quot;Akar-Bale&quot;},
	[&quot;acm&quot;] = {&quot;Mesopotamian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;acn&quot;] = {&quot;Achang&quot;},
	[&quot;acp&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Acipa&quot;},
	[&quot;acq&quot;] = {&quot;Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;acr&quot;] = {&quot;Achi&quot;},
	[&quot;acs&quot;] = {&quot;Acroá&quot;},
	[&quot;act&quot;] = {&quot;Achterhoeks&quot;},
	[&quot;acu&quot;] = {&quot;Achuar-Shiwiar&quot;},
	[&quot;acv&quot;] = {&quot;Achumawi&quot;},
	[&quot;acw&quot;] = {&quot;Hijazi Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;acx&quot;] = {&quot;Omani Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;acy&quot;] = {&quot;Cypriot Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;acz&quot;] = {&quot;Acheron&quot;},
	[&quot;ada&quot;] = {&quot;Adangme&quot;},
	[&quot;adb&quot;] = {&quot;Atauran&quot;},
	[&quot;add&quot;] = {&quot;Lidzonka&quot;, &quot;Dzodinka&quot;},
	[&quot;ade&quot;] = {&quot;Adele&quot;},
	[&quot;adf&quot;] = {&quot;Dhofari Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;adg&quot;] = {&quot;Andegerebinha&quot;},
	[&quot;adh&quot;] = {&quot;Adhola&quot;},
	[&quot;adi&quot;] = {&quot;Adi&quot;},
	[&quot;adj&quot;] = {&quot;Adioukrou&quot;},
	[&quot;adl&quot;] = {&quot;Galo&quot;},
	[&quot;adn&quot;] = {&quot;Adang&quot;},
	[&quot;ado&quot;] = {&quot;Abu&quot;},
	[&quot;adq&quot;] = {&quot;Adangbe&quot;},
	[&quot;adr&quot;] = {&quot;Adonara&quot;},
	[&quot;ads&quot;] = {&quot;Adamorobe Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;adt&quot;] = {&quot;Adnyamathanha&quot;},
	[&quot;adu&quot;] = {&quot;Aduge&quot;},
	[&quot;adw&quot;] = {&quot;Amundava&quot;},
	[&quot;adx&quot;] = {&quot;Amdo Tibetan&quot;},
	[&quot;ady&quot;] = {&quot;Adyghe&quot;, &quot;Adygei&quot;},
	[&quot;adz&quot;] = {&quot;Adzera&quot;},
	[&quot;aea&quot;] = {&quot;Areba&quot;},
	[&quot;aeb&quot;] = {&quot;Tunisian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;aec&quot;] = {&quot;Saidi Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;aed&quot;] = {&quot;Argentine Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;aee&quot;] = {&quot;Northeast Pashai&quot;, &quot;Northeast Pashayi&quot;},
	[&quot;aek&quot;] = {&quot;Haeke&quot;},
	[&quot;ael&quot;] = {&quot;Ambele&quot;},
	[&quot;aem&quot;] = {&quot;Arem&quot;},
	[&quot;aen&quot;] = {&quot;Armenian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;aeq&quot;] = {&quot;Aer&quot;},
	[&quot;aer&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Arrernte&quot;},
	[&quot;aes&quot;] = {&quot;Alsea&quot;},
	[&quot;aeu&quot;] = {&quot;Akeu&quot;},
	[&quot;aew&quot;] = {&quot;Ambakich&quot;},
	[&quot;aey&quot;] = {&quot;Amele&quot;},
	[&quot;aez&quot;] = {&quot;Aeka&quot;},
	[&quot;afa&quot;] = {&quot;Afro-Asiatic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;afb&quot;] = {&quot;Gulf Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;afd&quot;] = {&quot;Andai&quot;},
	[&quot;afe&quot;] = {&quot;Putukwam&quot;},
	[&quot;afg&quot;] = {&quot;Afghan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;afh&quot;] = {&quot;Afrihili&quot;},
	[&quot;afi&quot;] = {&quot;Akrukay&quot;, &quot;Chini&quot;},
	[&quot;afk&quot;] = {&quot;Nanubae&quot;},
	[&quot;afn&quot;] = {&quot;Defaka&quot;},
	[&quot;afo&quot;] = {&quot;Eloyi&quot;},
	[&quot;afp&quot;] = {&quot;Tapei&quot;},
	[&quot;afs&quot;] = {&quot;Afro-Seminole Creole&quot;},
	[&quot;aft&quot;] = {&quot;Afitti&quot;},
	[&quot;afu&quot;] = {&quot;Awutu&quot;},
	[&quot;afz&quot;] = {&quot;Obokuitai&quot;},
	[&quot;aga&quot;] = {&quot;Aguano&quot;},
	[&quot;agb&quot;] = {&quot;Legbo&quot;},
	[&quot;agc&quot;] = {&quot;Agatu&quot;},
	[&quot;agd&quot;] = {&quot;Agarabi&quot;},
	[&quot;age&quot;] = {&quot;Angal&quot;},
	[&quot;agf&quot;] = {&quot;Arguni&quot;},
	[&quot;agg&quot;] = {&quot;Angor&quot;},
	[&quot;agh&quot;] = {&quot;Ngelima&quot;},
	[&quot;agi&quot;] = {&quot;Agariya&quot;},
	[&quot;agj&quot;] = {&quot;Argobba&quot;},
	[&quot;agk&quot;] = {&quot;Isarog Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;agl&quot;] = {&quot;Fembe&quot;},
	[&quot;agm&quot;] = {&quot;Angaataha&quot;},
	[&quot;agn&quot;] = {&quot;Agutaynen&quot;},
	[&quot;ago&quot;] = {&quot;Tainae&quot;},
	[&quot;agq&quot;] = {&quot;Aghem&quot;},
	[&quot;agr&quot;] = {&quot;Aguaruna&quot;},
	[&quot;ags&quot;] = {&quot;Esimbi&quot;},
	[&quot;agt&quot;] = {&quot;Central Cagayan Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;agu&quot;] = {&quot;Aguacateco&quot;},
	[&quot;agv&quot;] = {&quot;Remontado Dumagat&quot;},
	[&quot;agw&quot;] = {&quot;Kahua&quot;},
	[&quot;agx&quot;] = {&quot;Aghul&quot;},
	[&quot;agy&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Alta&quot;},
	[&quot;agz&quot;] = {&quot;Mt. Iriga Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;aha&quot;] = {&quot;Ahanta&quot;},
	[&quot;ahb&quot;] = {&quot;Axamb&quot;},
	[&quot;ahg&quot;] = {&quot;Qimant&quot;},
	[&quot;ahh&quot;] = {&quot;Aghu&quot;},
	[&quot;ahi&quot;] = {&quot;Tiagbamrin Aizi&quot;},
	[&quot;ahk&quot;] = {&quot;Akha&quot;},
	[&quot;ahl&quot;] = {&quot;Igo&quot;},
	[&quot;ahm&quot;] = {&quot;Mobumrin Aizi&quot;},
	[&quot;ahn&quot;] = {&quot;Àhàn&quot;},
	[&quot;aho&quot;] = {&quot;Ahom&quot;},
	[&quot;ahp&quot;] = {&quot;Aproumu Aizi&quot;},
	[&quot;ahr&quot;] = {&quot;Ahirani&quot;},
	[&quot;ahs&quot;] = {&quot;Ashe&quot;},
	[&quot;aht&quot;] = {&quot;Ahtena&quot;},
	[&quot;aia&quot;] = {&quot;Arosi&quot;},
	[&quot;aib&quot;] = {&quot;Ainu (China)&quot;},
	[&quot;aic&quot;] = {&quot;Ainbai&quot;},
	[&quot;aid&quot;] = {&quot;Alngith&quot;},
	[&quot;aie&quot;] = {&quot;Amara&quot;},
	[&quot;aif&quot;] = {&quot;Agi&quot;},
	[&quot;aig&quot;] = {&quot;Antigua and Barbuda Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;aih&quot;] = {&quot;Ai-Cham&quot;},
	[&quot;aii&quot;] = {&quot;Assyrian Neo-Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;aij&quot;] = {&quot;Lishanid Noshan&quot;},
	[&quot;aik&quot;] = {&quot;Ake&quot;},
	[&quot;ail&quot;] = {&quot;Aimele&quot;},
	[&quot;aim&quot;] = {&quot;Aimol&quot;},
	[&quot;ain&quot;] = {&quot;Ainu (Japan)&quot;},
	[&quot;aio&quot;] = {&quot;Aiton&quot;},
	[&quot;aip&quot;] = {&quot;Burumakok&quot;},
	[&quot;aiq&quot;] = {&quot;Aimaq&quot;},
	[&quot;air&quot;] = {&quot;Airoran&quot;},
	[&quot;ait&quot;] = {&quot;Arikem&quot;},
	[&quot;aiw&quot;] = {&quot;Aari&quot;},
	[&quot;aix&quot;] = {&quot;Aighon&quot;},
	[&quot;aiy&quot;] = {&quot;Ali&quot;},
	[&quot;aja&quot;] = {&quot;Aja (South Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;ajg&quot;] = {&quot;Aja (Benin)&quot;},
	[&quot;aji&quot;] = {&quot;Ajië&quot;},
	[&quot;ajn&quot;] = {&quot;Andajin&quot;},
	[&quot;ajs&quot;] = {&quot;Algerian Jewish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;aju&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Moroccan Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ajw&quot;] = {&quot;Ajawa&quot;},
	[&quot;ajz&quot;] = {&quot;Amri Karbi&quot;},
	[&quot;akb&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Angkola&quot;},
	[&quot;akc&quot;] = {&quot;Mpur&quot;},
	[&quot;akd&quot;] = {&quot;Ukpet-Ehom&quot;},
	[&quot;ake&quot;] = {&quot;Akawaio&quot;},
	[&quot;akf&quot;] = {&quot;Akpa&quot;},
	[&quot;akg&quot;] = {&quot;Anakalangu&quot;},
	[&quot;akh&quot;] = {&quot;Angal Heneng&quot;},
	[&quot;aki&quot;] = {&quot;Aiome&quot;},
	[&quot;akj&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Jeru&quot;},
	[&quot;akk&quot;] = {&quot;Akkadian&quot;},
	[&quot;akl&quot;] = {&quot;Aklanon&quot;},
	[&quot;akm&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Bo&quot;},
	[&quot;ako&quot;] = {&quot;Akurio&quot;},
	[&quot;akp&quot;] = {&quot;Siwu&quot;},
	[&quot;akq&quot;] = {&quot;Ak&quot;},
	[&quot;akr&quot;] = {&quot;Araki&quot;},
	[&quot;aks&quot;] = {&quot;Akaselem&quot;},
	[&quot;akt&quot;] = {&quot;Akolet&quot;},
	[&quot;aku&quot;] = {&quot;Akum&quot;},
	[&quot;akv&quot;] = {&quot;Akhvakh&quot;},
	[&quot;akw&quot;] = {&quot;Akwa&quot;},
	[&quot;akx&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Kede&quot;},
	[&quot;aky&quot;] = {&quot;Aka-Kol&quot;},
	[&quot;akz&quot;] = {&quot;Alabama&quot;},
	[&quot;ala&quot;] = {&quot;Alago&quot;},
	[&quot;alc&quot;] = {&quot;Qawasqar&quot;},
	[&quot;ald&quot;] = {&quot;Alladian&quot;},
	[&quot;ale&quot;] = {&quot;Aleut&quot;},
	[&quot;alf&quot;] = {&quot;Alege&quot;},
	[&quot;alg&quot;] = {&quot;Algonquian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;alh&quot;] = {&quot;Alawa&quot;},
	[&quot;ali&quot;] = {&quot;Amaimon&quot;},
	[&quot;alj&quot;] = {&quot;Alangan&quot;},
	[&quot;alk&quot;] = {&quot;Alak&quot;},
	[&quot;all&quot;] = {&quot;Allar&quot;},
	[&quot;alm&quot;] = {&quot;Amblong&quot;},
	[&quot;aln&quot;] = {&quot;Gheg Albanian&quot;},
	[&quot;alo&quot;] = {&quot;Larike-Wakasihu&quot;},
	[&quot;alp&quot;] = {&quot;Alune&quot;},
	[&quot;alq&quot;] = {&quot;Algonquin&quot;},
	[&quot;alr&quot;] = {&quot;Alutor&quot;},
	[&quot;als&quot;] = {&quot;Tosk Albanian&quot;},
	[&quot;alt&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Altai&quot;},
	[&quot;alu&quot;] = {&quot;'Are'are&quot;},
	[&quot;alv&quot;] = {&quot;Atlantic-Congo languages&quot;},
	[&quot;alw&quot;] = {&quot;Alaba-K’abeena&quot;, &quot;Wanbasana&quot;},
	[&quot;alx&quot;] = {&quot;Amol&quot;},
	[&quot;aly&quot;] = {&quot;Alyawarr&quot;},
	[&quot;alz&quot;] = {&quot;Alur&quot;},
	[&quot;ama&quot;] = {&quot;Amanayé&quot;},
	[&quot;amb&quot;] = {&quot;Ambo&quot;},
	[&quot;amc&quot;] = {&quot;Amahuaca&quot;},
	[&quot;ame&quot;] = {&quot;Yanesha'&quot;},
	[&quot;amf&quot;] = {&quot;Hamer-Banna&quot;},
	[&quot;amg&quot;] = {&quot;Amurdak&quot;},
	[&quot;ami&quot;] = {&quot;Amis&quot;},
	[&quot;amj&quot;] = {&quot;Amdang&quot;},
	[&quot;amk&quot;] = {&quot;Ambai&quot;},
	[&quot;aml&quot;] = {&quot;War-Jaintia&quot;},
	[&quot;amm&quot;] = {&quot;Ama (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;amn&quot;] = {&quot;Amanab&quot;},
	[&quot;amo&quot;] = {&quot;Amo&quot;},
	[&quot;amp&quot;] = {&quot;Alamblak&quot;},
	[&quot;amq&quot;] = {&quot;Amahai&quot;},
	[&quot;amr&quot;] = {&quot;Amarakaeri&quot;},
	[&quot;ams&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Amami-Oshima&quot;},
	[&quot;amt&quot;] = {&quot;Amto&quot;},
	[&quot;amu&quot;] = {&quot;Guerrero Amuzgo&quot;},
	[&quot;amv&quot;] = {&quot;Ambelau&quot;},
	[&quot;amw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Neo-Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;amx&quot;] = {&quot;Anmatyerre&quot;},
	[&quot;amy&quot;] = {&quot;Ami&quot;},
	[&quot;amz&quot;] = {&quot;Atampaya&quot;},
	[&quot;ana&quot;] = {&quot;Andaqui&quot;},
	[&quot;anb&quot;] = {&quot;Andoa&quot;},
	[&quot;anc&quot;] = {&quot;Ngas&quot;},
	[&quot;and&quot;] = {&quot;Ansus&quot;},
	[&quot;ane&quot;] = {&quot;Xârâcùù&quot;},
	[&quot;anf&quot;] = {&quot;Animere&quot;},
	[&quot;ang&quot;] = {&quot;Old English (ca. 450-1100)&quot;},
	[&quot;anh&quot;] = {&quot;Nend&quot;},
	[&quot;ani&quot;] = {&quot;Andi&quot;},
	[&quot;anj&quot;] = {&quot;Anor&quot;},
	[&quot;ank&quot;] = {&quot;Goemai&quot;},
	[&quot;anl&quot;] = {&quot;Anu-Hkongso Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;anm&quot;] = {&quot;Anal&quot;},
	[&quot;ann&quot;] = {&quot;Obolo&quot;},
	[&quot;ano&quot;] = {&quot;Andoque&quot;},
	[&quot;anp&quot;] = {&quot;Angika&quot;},
	[&quot;anq&quot;] = {&quot;Jarawa (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;anr&quot;] = {&quot;Andh&quot;},
	[&quot;ans&quot;] = {&quot;Anserma&quot;},
	[&quot;ant&quot;] = {&quot;Antakarinya&quot;, &quot;Antikarinya&quot;},
	[&quot;anu&quot;] = {&quot;Anuak&quot;},
	[&quot;anv&quot;] = {&quot;Denya&quot;},
	[&quot;anw&quot;] = {&quot;Anaang&quot;},
	[&quot;anx&quot;] = {&quot;Andra-Hus&quot;},
	[&quot;any&quot;] = {&quot;Anyin&quot;},
	[&quot;anz&quot;] = {&quot;Anem&quot;},
	[&quot;aoa&quot;] = {&quot;Angolar&quot;},
	[&quot;aob&quot;] = {&quot;Abom&quot;},
	[&quot;aoc&quot;] = {&quot;Pemon&quot;},
	[&quot;aod&quot;] = {&quot;Andarum&quot;},
	[&quot;aoe&quot;] = {&quot;Angal Enen&quot;},
	[&quot;aof&quot;] = {&quot;Bragat&quot;},
	[&quot;aog&quot;] = {&quot;Angoram&quot;},
	[&quot;aoi&quot;] = {&quot;Anindilyakwa&quot;},
	[&quot;aoj&quot;] = {&quot;Mufian&quot;},
	[&quot;aok&quot;] = {&quot;Arhö&quot;},
	[&quot;aol&quot;] = {&quot;Alor&quot;},
	[&quot;aom&quot;] = {&quot;Ömie&quot;},
	[&quot;aon&quot;] = {&quot;Bumbita Arapesh&quot;},
	[&quot;aor&quot;] = {&quot;Aore&quot;},
	[&quot;aos&quot;] = {&quot;Taikat&quot;},
	[&quot;aot&quot;] = {&quot;Atong (India)&quot;, &quot;A'tong&quot;},
	[&quot;aou&quot;] = {&quot;A'ou&quot;},
	[&quot;aox&quot;] = {&quot;Atorada&quot;},
	[&quot;aoz&quot;] = {&quot;Uab Meto&quot;},
	[&quot;apa&quot;] = {&quot;Apache languages&quot;},
	[&quot;apb&quot;] = {&quot;Sa'a&quot;},
	[&quot;apc&quot;] = {&quot;Levantine Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;apd&quot;] = {&quot;Sudanese Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ape&quot;] = {&quot;Bukiyip&quot;},
	[&quot;apf&quot;] = {&quot;Pahanan Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;apg&quot;] = {&quot;Ampanang&quot;},
	[&quot;aph&quot;] = {&quot;Athpariya&quot;},
	[&quot;api&quot;] = {&quot;Apiaká&quot;},
	[&quot;apj&quot;] = {&quot;Jicarilla Apache&quot;},
	[&quot;apk&quot;] = {&quot;Kiowa Apache&quot;},
	[&quot;apl&quot;] = {&quot;Lipan Apache&quot;},
	[&quot;apm&quot;] = {&quot;Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache&quot;},
	[&quot;apn&quot;] = {&quot;Apinayé&quot;},
	[&quot;apo&quot;] = {&quot;Ambul&quot;},
	[&quot;app&quot;] = {&quot;Apma&quot;},
	[&quot;apq&quot;] = {&quot;A-Pucikwar&quot;},
	[&quot;apr&quot;] = {&quot;Arop-Lokep&quot;},
	[&quot;aps&quot;] = {&quot;Arop-Sissano&quot;},
	[&quot;apt&quot;] = {&quot;Apatani&quot;},
	[&quot;apu&quot;] = {&quot;Apurinã&quot;},
	[&quot;apv&quot;] = {&quot;Alapmunte&quot;},
	[&quot;apw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Apache&quot;},
	[&quot;apx&quot;] = {&quot;Aputai&quot;},
	[&quot;apy&quot;] = {&quot;Apalaí&quot;},
	[&quot;apz&quot;] = {&quot;Safeyoka&quot;},
	[&quot;aqa&quot;] = {&quot;Alacalufan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;aqc&quot;] = {&quot;Archi&quot;},
	[&quot;aqd&quot;] = {&quot;Ampari Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;aqg&quot;] = {&quot;Arigidi&quot;},
	[&quot;aqk&quot;] = {&quot;Aninka&quot;},
	[&quot;aql&quot;] = {&quot;Algic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;aqm&quot;] = {&quot;Atohwaim&quot;},
	[&quot;aqn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Alta&quot;},
	[&quot;aqp&quot;] = {&quot;Atakapa&quot;},
	[&quot;aqr&quot;] = {&quot;Arhâ&quot;},
	[&quot;aqt&quot;] = {&quot;Angaité&quot;},
	[&quot;aqz&quot;] = {&quot;Akuntsu&quot;},
	[&quot;arb&quot;] = {&quot;Standard Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;arc&quot;] = {&quot;Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE)&quot;, &quot;Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)&quot;},
	[&quot;ard&quot;] = {&quot;Arabana&quot;},
	[&quot;are&quot;] = {&quot;Western Arrarnta&quot;},
	[&quot;arh&quot;] = {&quot;Arhuaco&quot;},
	[&quot;ari&quot;] = {&quot;Arikara&quot;},
	[&quot;arj&quot;] = {&quot;Arapaso&quot;},
	[&quot;ark&quot;] = {&quot;Arikapú&quot;},
	[&quot;arl&quot;] = {&quot;Arabela&quot;},
	[&quot;arn&quot;] = {&quot;Mapudungun&quot;, &quot;Mapuche&quot;},
	[&quot;aro&quot;] = {&quot;Araona&quot;},
	[&quot;arp&quot;] = {&quot;Arapaho&quot;},
	[&quot;arq&quot;] = {&quot;Algerian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;arr&quot;] = {&quot;Karo (Brazil)&quot;},
	[&quot;ars&quot;] = {&quot;Najdi Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;art&quot;] = {&quot;Artificial languages&quot;},
	[&quot;aru&quot;] = {&quot;Aruá (Amazonas State)&quot;, &quot;Arawá&quot;},
	[&quot;arv&quot;] = {&quot;Arbore&quot;},
	[&quot;arw&quot;] = {&quot;Arawak&quot;},
	[&quot;arx&quot;] = {&quot;Aruá (Rodonia State)&quot;},
	[&quot;ary&quot;] = {&quot;Moroccan Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;arz&quot;] = {&quot;Egyptian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;asa&quot;] = {&quot;Asu (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;asb&quot;] = {&quot;Assiniboine&quot;, &quot;Nakoda Assiniboine&quot;},
	[&quot;asc&quot;] = {&quot;Casuarina Coast Asmat&quot;},
	[&quot;ase&quot;] = {&quot;American Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;asf&quot;] = {&quot;Auslan&quot;, &quot;Australian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;asg&quot;] = {&quot;Cishingini&quot;},
	[&quot;ash&quot;] = {&quot;Abishira&quot;},
	[&quot;asi&quot;] = {&quot;Buruwai&quot;},
	[&quot;asj&quot;] = {&quot;Sari&quot;},
	[&quot;ask&quot;] = {&quot;Ashkun&quot;},
	[&quot;asl&quot;] = {&quot;Asilulu&quot;},
	[&quot;asn&quot;] = {&quot;Xingú Asuriní&quot;},
	[&quot;aso&quot;] = {&quot;Dano&quot;},
	[&quot;asp&quot;] = {&quot;Algerian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;asq&quot;] = {&quot;Austrian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;asr&quot;] = {&quot;Asuri&quot;},
	[&quot;ass&quot;] = {&quot;Ipulo&quot;},
	[&quot;ast&quot;] = {&quot;Asturian&quot;, &quot;Asturleonese&quot;, &quot;Bable&quot;, &quot;Leonese&quot;},
	[&quot;asu&quot;] = {&quot;Tocantins Asurini&quot;},
	[&quot;asv&quot;] = {&quot;Asoa&quot;},
	[&quot;asw&quot;] = {&quot;Australian Aborigines Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;asx&quot;] = {&quot;Muratayak&quot;},
	[&quot;asy&quot;] = {&quot;Yaosakor Asmat&quot;},
	[&quot;asz&quot;] = {&quot;As&quot;},
	[&quot;ata&quot;] = {&quot;Pele-Ata&quot;},
	[&quot;atb&quot;] = {&quot;Zaiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;atc&quot;] = {&quot;Atsahuaca&quot;},
	[&quot;atd&quot;] = {&quot;Ata Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;ate&quot;] = {&quot;Atemble&quot;},
	[&quot;atg&quot;] = {&quot;Ivbie North-Okpela-Arhe&quot;},
	[&quot;ath&quot;] = {&quot;Athapascan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ati&quot;] = {&quot;Attié&quot;},
	[&quot;atj&quot;] = {&quot;Atikamekw&quot;, &quot;Nehirowimowin&quot;},
	[&quot;atk&quot;] = {&quot;Ati&quot;},
	[&quot;atl&quot;] = {&quot;Mt. Iraya Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;atm&quot;] = {&quot;Ata&quot;},
	[&quot;atn&quot;] = {&quot;Ashtiani&quot;},
	[&quot;ato&quot;] = {&quot;Atong (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;atp&quot;] = {&quot;Pudtol Atta&quot;},
	[&quot;atq&quot;] = {&quot;Aralle-Tabulahan&quot;},
	[&quot;atr&quot;] = {&quot;Waimiri-Atroari&quot;},
	[&quot;ats&quot;] = {&quot;Gros Ventre&quot;},
	[&quot;att&quot;] = {&quot;Pamplona Atta&quot;},
	[&quot;atu&quot;] = {&quot;Reel&quot;},
	[&quot;atv&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Altai&quot;},
	[&quot;atw&quot;] = {&quot;Atsugewi&quot;},
	[&quot;atx&quot;] = {&quot;Arutani&quot;},
	[&quot;aty&quot;] = {&quot;Aneityum&quot;},
	[&quot;atz&quot;] = {&quot;Arta&quot;},
	[&quot;aua&quot;] = {&quot;Asumboa&quot;},
	[&quot;aub&quot;] = {&quot;Alugu&quot;},
	[&quot;auc&quot;] = {&quot;Waorani&quot;},
	[&quot;aud&quot;] = {&quot;Anuta&quot;},
	[&quot;auf&quot;] = {&quot;Arauan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;aug&quot;] = {&quot;Aguna&quot;},
	[&quot;auh&quot;] = {&quot;Aushi&quot;},
	[&quot;aui&quot;] = {&quot;Anuki&quot;},
	[&quot;auj&quot;] = {&quot;Awjilah&quot;},
	[&quot;auk&quot;] = {&quot;Heyo&quot;},
	[&quot;aul&quot;] = {&quot;Aulua&quot;},
	[&quot;aum&quot;] = {&quot;Asu (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;aun&quot;] = {&quot;Molmo One&quot;},
	[&quot;auo&quot;] = {&quot;Auyokawa&quot;},
	[&quot;aup&quot;] = {&quot;Makayam&quot;},
	[&quot;auq&quot;] = {&quot;Anus&quot;, &quot;Korur&quot;},
	[&quot;aur&quot;] = {&quot;Aruek&quot;},
	[&quot;aus&quot;] = {&quot;Australian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;aut&quot;] = {&quot;Austral&quot;},
	[&quot;auu&quot;] = {&quot;Auye&quot;},
	[&quot;auw&quot;] = {&quot;Awyi&quot;},
	[&quot;aux&quot;] = {&quot;Aurá&quot;},
	[&quot;auy&quot;] = {&quot;Awiyaana&quot;},
	[&quot;auz&quot;] = {&quot;Uzbeki Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;avb&quot;] = {&quot;Avau&quot;},
	[&quot;avd&quot;] = {&quot;Alviri-Vidari&quot;},
	[&quot;avi&quot;] = {&quot;Avikam&quot;},
	[&quot;avk&quot;] = {&quot;Kotava&quot;},
	[&quot;avl&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;avm&quot;] = {&quot;Angkamuthi&quot;},
	[&quot;avn&quot;] = {&quot;Avatime&quot;},
	[&quot;avo&quot;] = {&quot;Agavotaguerra&quot;},
	[&quot;avs&quot;] = {&quot;Aushiri&quot;},
	[&quot;avt&quot;] = {&quot;Au&quot;},
	[&quot;avu&quot;] = {&quot;Avokaya&quot;},
	[&quot;avv&quot;] = {&quot;Avá-Canoeiro&quot;},
	[&quot;awa&quot;] = {&quot;Awadhi&quot;},
	[&quot;awb&quot;] = {&quot;Awa (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;awc&quot;] = {&quot;Cicipu&quot;},
	[&quot;awd&quot;] = {&quot;Arawakan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;awe&quot;] = {&quot;Awetí&quot;},
	[&quot;awg&quot;] = {&quot;Anguthimri&quot;},
	[&quot;awh&quot;] = {&quot;Awbono&quot;},
	[&quot;awi&quot;] = {&quot;Aekyom&quot;},
	[&quot;awk&quot;] = {&quot;Awabakal&quot;},
	[&quot;awm&quot;] = {&quot;Arawum&quot;},
	[&quot;awn&quot;] = {&quot;Awngi&quot;},
	[&quot;awo&quot;] = {&quot;Awak&quot;},
	[&quot;awr&quot;] = {&quot;Awera&quot;},
	[&quot;aws&quot;] = {&quot;South Awyu&quot;},
	[&quot;awt&quot;] = {&quot;Araweté&quot;},
	[&quot;awu&quot;] = {&quot;Central Awyu&quot;},
	[&quot;awv&quot;] = {&quot;Jair Awyu&quot;},
	[&quot;aww&quot;] = {&quot;Awun&quot;},
	[&quot;awx&quot;] = {&quot;Awara&quot;},
	[&quot;awy&quot;] = {&quot;Edera Awyu&quot;},
	[&quot;axb&quot;] = {&quot;Abipon&quot;},
	[&quot;axe&quot;] = {&quot;Ayerrerenge&quot;},
	[&quot;axg&quot;] = {&quot;Mato Grosso Arára&quot;},
	[&quot;axk&quot;] = {&quot;Yaka (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;axl&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Southern Aranda&quot;},
	[&quot;axm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Armenian&quot;},
	[&quot;axx&quot;] = {&quot;Xârâgurè&quot;},
	[&quot;aya&quot;] = {&quot;Awar&quot;},
	[&quot;ayb&quot;] = {&quot;Ayizo Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;ayc&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Aymara&quot;},
	[&quot;ayd&quot;] = {&quot;Ayabadhu&quot;},
	[&quot;aye&quot;] = {&quot;Ayere&quot;},
	[&quot;ayg&quot;] = {&quot;Ginyanga&quot;},
	[&quot;ayh&quot;] = {&quot;Hadrami Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ayi&quot;] = {&quot;Leyigha&quot;},
	[&quot;ayk&quot;] = {&quot;Akuku&quot;},
	[&quot;ayl&quot;] = {&quot;Libyan Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ayn&quot;] = {&quot;Sanaani Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ayo&quot;] = {&quot;Ayoreo&quot;},
	[&quot;ayp&quot;] = {&quot;North Mesopotamian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ayq&quot;] = {&quot;Ayi (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;ayr&quot;] = {&quot;Central Aymara&quot;},
	[&quot;ays&quot;] = {&quot;Sorsogon Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;ayt&quot;] = {&quot;Magbukun Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;ayu&quot;] = {&quot;Ayu&quot;},
	[&quot;ayz&quot;] = {&quot;Mai Brat&quot;},
	[&quot;aza&quot;] = {&quot;Azha&quot;},
	[&quot;azb&quot;] = {&quot;South Azerbaijani&quot;},
	[&quot;azc&quot;] = {&quot;Uto-Aztecan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;azd&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Durango Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;azg&quot;] = {&quot;San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo&quot;},
	[&quot;azj&quot;] = {&quot;North Azerbaijani&quot;},
	[&quot;azm&quot;] = {&quot;Ipalapa Amuzgo&quot;},
	[&quot;azn&quot;] = {&quot;Western Durango Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;azo&quot;] = {&quot;Awing&quot;},
	[&quot;azt&quot;] = {&quot;Faire Atta&quot;},
	[&quot;azz&quot;] = {&quot;Highland Puebla Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;baa&quot;] = {&quot;Babatana&quot;},
	[&quot;bab&quot;] = {&quot;Bainouk-Gunyuño&quot;},
	[&quot;bac&quot;] = {&quot;Badui&quot;},
	[&quot;bad&quot;] = {&quot;Banda languages&quot;},
	[&quot;bae&quot;] = {&quot;Baré&quot;},
	[&quot;baf&quot;] = {&quot;Nubaca&quot;},
	[&quot;bag&quot;] = {&quot;Tuki&quot;},
	[&quot;bah&quot;] = {&quot;Bahamas Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;bai&quot;] = {&quot;Bamileke languages&quot;},
	[&quot;baj&quot;] = {&quot;Barakai&quot;},
	[&quot;bal&quot;] = {&quot;Baluchi&quot;},
	[&quot;ban&quot;] = {&quot;Balinese&quot;},
	[&quot;bao&quot;] = {&quot;Waimaha&quot;},
	[&quot;bap&quot;] = {&quot;Bantawa&quot;},
	[&quot;bar&quot;] = {&quot;Bavarian&quot;},
	[&quot;bas&quot;] = {&quot;Basa (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;bat&quot;] = {&quot;Baltic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;bau&quot;] = {&quot;Bada (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;bav&quot;] = {&quot;Vengo&quot;},
	[&quot;baw&quot;] = {&quot;Bambili-Bambui&quot;},
	[&quot;bax&quot;] = {&quot;Bamun&quot;},
	[&quot;bay&quot;] = {&quot;Batuley&quot;},
	[&quot;bba&quot;] = {&quot;Baatonum&quot;},
	[&quot;bbb&quot;] = {&quot;Barai&quot;},
	[&quot;bbc&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Toba&quot;},
	[&quot;bbd&quot;] = {&quot;Bau&quot;},
	[&quot;bbe&quot;] = {&quot;Bangba&quot;},
	[&quot;bbf&quot;] = {&quot;Baibai&quot;},
	[&quot;bbg&quot;] = {&quot;Barama&quot;},
	[&quot;bbh&quot;] = {&quot;Bugan&quot;},
	[&quot;bbi&quot;] = {&quot;Barombi&quot;},
	[&quot;bbj&quot;] = {&quot;Ghomálá'&quot;},
	[&quot;bbk&quot;] = {&quot;Babanki&quot;},
	[&quot;bbl&quot;] = {&quot;Bats&quot;},
	[&quot;bbm&quot;] = {&quot;Babango&quot;},
	[&quot;bbn&quot;] = {&quot;Uneapa&quot;},
	[&quot;bbo&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Bobo Madaré&quot;, &quot;Konabéré&quot;},
	[&quot;bbp&quot;] = {&quot;West Central Banda&quot;},
	[&quot;bbq&quot;] = {&quot;Bamali&quot;},
	[&quot;bbr&quot;] = {&quot;Girawa&quot;},
	[&quot;bbs&quot;] = {&quot;Bakpinka&quot;},
	[&quot;bbt&quot;] = {&quot;Mburku&quot;},
	[&quot;bbu&quot;] = {&quot;Kulung (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;bbv&quot;] = {&quot;Karnai&quot;},
	[&quot;bbw&quot;] = {&quot;Baba&quot;},
	[&quot;bbx&quot;] = {&quot;Bubia&quot;},
	[&quot;bby&quot;] = {&quot;Befang&quot;},
	[&quot;bca&quot;] = {&quot;Central Bai&quot;},
	[&quot;bcb&quot;] = {&quot;Bainouk-Samik&quot;},
	[&quot;bcc&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Balochi&quot;},
	[&quot;bcd&quot;] = {&quot;North Babar&quot;},
	[&quot;bce&quot;] = {&quot;Bamenyam&quot;},
	[&quot;bcf&quot;] = {&quot;Bamu&quot;},
	[&quot;bcg&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Pokur&quot;},
	[&quot;bch&quot;] = {&quot;Bariai&quot;},
	[&quot;bci&quot;] = {&quot;Baoulé&quot;},
	[&quot;bcj&quot;] = {&quot;Bardi&quot;},
	[&quot;bck&quot;] = {&quot;Bunuba&quot;},
	[&quot;bcl&quot;] = {&quot;Central Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;bcm&quot;] = {&quot;Bannoni&quot;},
	[&quot;bcn&quot;] = {&quot;Bali (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;bco&quot;] = {&quot;Kaluli&quot;},
	[&quot;bcp&quot;] = {&quot;Bali (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;bcq&quot;] = {&quot;Bench&quot;},
	[&quot;bcr&quot;] = {&quot;Babine&quot;},
	[&quot;bcs&quot;] = {&quot;Kohumono&quot;},
	[&quot;bct&quot;] = {&quot;Bendi&quot;},
	[&quot;bcu&quot;] = {&quot;Awad Bing&quot;},
	[&quot;bcv&quot;] = {&quot;Shoo-Minda-Nye&quot;},
	[&quot;bcw&quot;] = {&quot;Bana&quot;},
	[&quot;bcy&quot;] = {&quot;Bacama&quot;},
	[&quot;bcz&quot;] = {&quot;Bainouk-Gunyaamolo&quot;},
	[&quot;bda&quot;] = {&quot;Bayot&quot;},
	[&quot;bdb&quot;] = {&quot;Basap&quot;},
	[&quot;bdc&quot;] = {&quot;Emberá-Baudó&quot;},
	[&quot;bdd&quot;] = {&quot;Bunama&quot;},
	[&quot;bde&quot;] = {&quot;Bade&quot;},
	[&quot;bdf&quot;] = {&quot;Biage&quot;},
	[&quot;bdg&quot;] = {&quot;Bonggi&quot;},
	[&quot;bdh&quot;] = {&quot;Baka (South Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;bdi&quot;] = {&quot;Burun&quot;},
	[&quot;bdj&quot;] = {&quot;Bai (South Sudan)&quot;, &quot;Bai&quot;},
	[&quot;bdk&quot;] = {&quot;Budukh&quot;},
	[&quot;bdl&quot;] = {&quot;Indonesian Bajau&quot;},
	[&quot;bdm&quot;] = {&quot;Buduma&quot;},
	[&quot;bdn&quot;] = {&quot;Baldemu&quot;},
	[&quot;bdo&quot;] = {&quot;Morom&quot;},
	[&quot;bdp&quot;] = {&quot;Bende&quot;},
	[&quot;bdq&quot;] = {&quot;Bahnar&quot;},
	[&quot;bdr&quot;] = {&quot;West Coast Bajau&quot;},
	[&quot;bds&quot;] = {&quot;Burunge&quot;},
	[&quot;bdt&quot;] = {&quot;Bokoto&quot;},
	[&quot;bdu&quot;] = {&quot;Oroko&quot;},
	[&quot;bdv&quot;] = {&quot;Bodo Parja&quot;},
	[&quot;bdw&quot;] = {&quot;Baham&quot;},
	[&quot;bdx&quot;] = {&quot;Budong-Budong&quot;},
	[&quot;bdy&quot;] = {&quot;Bandjalang&quot;},
	[&quot;bdz&quot;] = {&quot;Badeshi&quot;},
	[&quot;bea&quot;] = {&quot;Beaver&quot;},
	[&quot;beb&quot;] = {&quot;Bebele&quot;},
	[&quot;bec&quot;] = {&quot;Iceve-Maci&quot;},
	[&quot;bed&quot;] = {&quot;Bedoanas&quot;},
	[&quot;bee&quot;] = {&quot;Byangsi&quot;},
	[&quot;bef&quot;] = {&quot;Benabena&quot;},
	[&quot;beg&quot;] = {&quot;Belait&quot;},
	[&quot;beh&quot;] = {&quot;Biali&quot;},
	[&quot;bei&quot;] = {&quot;Bekati'&quot;},
	[&quot;bej&quot;] = {&quot;Beja&quot;, &quot;Bedawiyet&quot;},
	[&quot;bek&quot;] = {&quot;Bebeli&quot;},
	[&quot;bem&quot;] = {&quot;Bemba (Zambia)&quot;},
	[&quot;beo&quot;] = {&quot;Beami&quot;},
	[&quot;bep&quot;] = {&quot;Besoa&quot;},
	[&quot;beq&quot;] = {&quot;Beembe&quot;},
	[&quot;ber&quot;] = {&quot;Berber languages&quot;},
	[&quot;bes&quot;] = {&quot;Besme&quot;},
	[&quot;bet&quot;] = {&quot;Guiberoua Béte&quot;},
	[&quot;beu&quot;] = {&quot;Blagar&quot;},
	[&quot;bev&quot;] = {&quot;Daloa Bété&quot;},
	[&quot;bew&quot;] = {&quot;Betawi&quot;},
	[&quot;bex&quot;] = {&quot;Jur Modo&quot;},
	[&quot;bey&quot;] = {&quot;Beli (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;bez&quot;] = {&quot;Bena (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;bfa&quot;] = {&quot;Bari&quot;},
	[&quot;bfb&quot;] = {&quot;Pauri Bareli&quot;},
	[&quot;bfc&quot;] = {&quot;Panyi Bai&quot;, &quot;Northern Bai&quot;},
	[&quot;bfd&quot;] = {&quot;Bafut&quot;},
	[&quot;bfe&quot;] = {&quot;Betaf&quot;, &quot;Tena&quot;},
	[&quot;bff&quot;] = {&quot;Bofi&quot;},
	[&quot;bfg&quot;] = {&quot;Busang Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;bfh&quot;] = {&quot;Blafe&quot;},
	[&quot;bfi&quot;] = {&quot;British Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;bfj&quot;] = {&quot;Bafanji&quot;},
	[&quot;bfk&quot;] = {&quot;Ban Khor Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;bfl&quot;] = {&quot;Banda-Ndélé&quot;},
	[&quot;bfm&quot;] = {&quot;Mmen&quot;},
	[&quot;bfn&quot;] = {&quot;Bunak&quot;},
	[&quot;bfo&quot;] = {&quot;Malba Birifor&quot;},
	[&quot;bfp&quot;] = {&quot;Beba&quot;},
	[&quot;bfq&quot;] = {&quot;Badaga&quot;},
	[&quot;bfr&quot;] = {&quot;Bazigar&quot;},
	[&quot;bfs&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Bai&quot;},
	[&quot;bft&quot;] = {&quot;Balti&quot;},
	[&quot;bfu&quot;] = {&quot;Gahri&quot;},
	[&quot;bfw&quot;] = {&quot;Bondo&quot;},
	[&quot;bfx&quot;] = {&quot;Bantayanon&quot;},
	[&quot;bfy&quot;] = {&quot;Bagheli&quot;},
	[&quot;bfz&quot;] = {&quot;Mahasu Pahari&quot;},
	[&quot;bga&quot;] = {&quot;Gwamhi-Wuri&quot;},
	[&quot;bgb&quot;] = {&quot;Bobongko&quot;},
	[&quot;bgc&quot;] = {&quot;Haryanvi&quot;},
	[&quot;bgd&quot;] = {&quot;Rathwi Bareli&quot;},
	[&quot;bge&quot;] = {&quot;Bauria&quot;},
	[&quot;bgf&quot;] = {&quot;Bangandu&quot;},
	[&quot;bgg&quot;] = {&quot;Bugun&quot;},
	[&quot;bgi&quot;] = {&quot;Giangan&quot;},
	[&quot;bgj&quot;] = {&quot;Bangolan&quot;},
	[&quot;bgk&quot;] = {&quot;Bit&quot;, &quot;Buxinhua&quot;},
	[&quot;bgl&quot;] = {&quot;Bo (Laos)&quot;},
	[&quot;bgn&quot;] = {&quot;Western Balochi&quot;},
	[&quot;bgo&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Koga&quot;},
	[&quot;bgp&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Balochi&quot;},
	[&quot;bgq&quot;] = {&quot;Bagri&quot;},
	[&quot;bgr&quot;] = {&quot;Bawm Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;bgs&quot;] = {&quot;Tagabawa&quot;},
	[&quot;bgt&quot;] = {&quot;Bughotu&quot;},
	[&quot;bgu&quot;] = {&quot;Mbongno&quot;},
	[&quot;bgv&quot;] = {&quot;Warkay-Bipim&quot;},
	[&quot;bgw&quot;] = {&quot;Bhatri&quot;},
	[&quot;bgx&quot;] = {&quot;Balkan Gagauz Turkish&quot;},
	[&quot;bgy&quot;] = {&quot;Benggoi&quot;},
	[&quot;bgz&quot;] = {&quot;Banggai&quot;},
	[&quot;bha&quot;] = {&quot;Bharia&quot;},
	[&quot;bhb&quot;] = {&quot;Bhili&quot;},
	[&quot;bhc&quot;] = {&quot;Biga&quot;},
	[&quot;bhd&quot;] = {&quot;Bhadrawahi&quot;},
	[&quot;bhe&quot;] = {&quot;Bhaya&quot;},
	[&quot;bhf&quot;] = {&quot;Odiai&quot;},
	[&quot;bhg&quot;] = {&quot;Binandere&quot;},
	[&quot;bhh&quot;] = {&quot;Bukharic&quot;},
	[&quot;bhi&quot;] = {&quot;Bhilali&quot;},
	[&quot;bhj&quot;] = {&quot;Bahing&quot;},
	[&quot;bhl&quot;] = {&quot;Bimin&quot;},
	[&quot;bhm&quot;] = {&quot;Bathari&quot;},
	[&quot;bhn&quot;] = {&quot;Bohtan Neo-Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;bho&quot;] = {&quot;Bhojpuri&quot;},
	[&quot;bhp&quot;] = {&quot;Bima&quot;},
	[&quot;bhq&quot;] = {&quot;Tukang Besi South&quot;},
	[&quot;bhr&quot;] = {&quot;Bara Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;bhs&quot;] = {&quot;Buwal&quot;},
	[&quot;bht&quot;] = {&quot;Bhattiyali&quot;},
	[&quot;bhu&quot;] = {&quot;Bhunjia&quot;},
	[&quot;bhv&quot;] = {&quot;Bahau&quot;},
	[&quot;bhw&quot;] = {&quot;Biak&quot;},
	[&quot;bhx&quot;] = {&quot;Bhalay&quot;},
	[&quot;bhy&quot;] = {&quot;Bhele&quot;},
	[&quot;bhz&quot;] = {&quot;Bada (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;bia&quot;] = {&quot;Badimaya&quot;},
	[&quot;bib&quot;] = {&quot;Bissa&quot;, &quot;Bisa&quot;},
	[&quot;bid&quot;] = {&quot;Bidiyo&quot;},
	[&quot;bie&quot;] = {&quot;Bepour&quot;},
	[&quot;bif&quot;] = {&quot;Biafada&quot;},
	[&quot;big&quot;] = {&quot;Biangai&quot;},
	[&quot;bik&quot;] = {&quot;Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;bil&quot;] = {&quot;Bile&quot;},
	[&quot;bim&quot;] = {&quot;Bimoba&quot;},
	[&quot;bin&quot;] = {&quot;Bini&quot;, &quot;Edo&quot;},
	[&quot;bio&quot;] = {&quot;Nai&quot;},
	[&quot;bip&quot;] = {&quot;Bila&quot;},
	[&quot;biq&quot;] = {&quot;Bipi&quot;},
	[&quot;bir&quot;] = {&quot;Bisorio&quot;},
	[&quot;bit&quot;] = {&quot;Berinomo&quot;},
	[&quot;biu&quot;] = {&quot;Biete&quot;},
	[&quot;biv&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Birifor&quot;},
	[&quot;biw&quot;] = {&quot;Kol (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;bix&quot;] = {&quot;Bijori&quot;},
	[&quot;biy&quot;] = {&quot;Birhor&quot;},
	[&quot;biz&quot;] = {&quot;Baloi&quot;},
	[&quot;bja&quot;] = {&quot;Budza&quot;},
	[&quot;bjb&quot;] = {&quot;Banggarla&quot;},
	[&quot;bjc&quot;] = {&quot;Bariji&quot;},
	[&quot;bje&quot;] = {&quot;Biao-Jiao Mien&quot;},
	[&quot;bjf&quot;] = {&quot;Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;bjg&quot;] = {&quot;Bidyogo&quot;},
	[&quot;bjh&quot;] = {&quot;Bahinemo&quot;},
	[&quot;bji&quot;] = {&quot;Burji&quot;},
	[&quot;bjj&quot;] = {&quot;Kanauji&quot;},
	[&quot;bjk&quot;] = {&quot;Barok&quot;},
	[&quot;bjl&quot;] = {&quot;Bulu (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;bjm&quot;] = {&quot;Bajelani&quot;},
	[&quot;bjn&quot;] = {&quot;Banjar&quot;},
	[&quot;bjo&quot;] = {&quot;Mid-Southern Banda&quot;},
	[&quot;bjp&quot;] = {&quot;Fanamaket&quot;},
	[&quot;bjr&quot;] = {&quot;Binumarien&quot;},
	[&quot;bjs&quot;] = {&quot;Bajan&quot;},
	[&quot;bjt&quot;] = {&quot;Balanta-Ganja&quot;},
	[&quot;bju&quot;] = {&quot;Busuu&quot;},
	[&quot;bjv&quot;] = {&quot;Bedjond&quot;},
	[&quot;bjw&quot;] = {&quot;Bakwé&quot;},
	[&quot;bjx&quot;] = {&quot;Banao Itneg&quot;},
	[&quot;bjy&quot;] = {&quot;Bayali&quot;},
	[&quot;bjz&quot;] = {&quot;Baruga&quot;},
	[&quot;bka&quot;] = {&quot;Kyak&quot;},
	[&quot;bkc&quot;] = {&quot;Baka (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;bkd&quot;] = {&quot;Binukid&quot;, &quot;Talaandig&quot;},
	[&quot;bkf&quot;] = {&quot;Beeke&quot;},
	[&quot;bkg&quot;] = {&quot;Buraka&quot;},
	[&quot;bkh&quot;] = {&quot;Bakoko&quot;},
	[&quot;bki&quot;] = {&quot;Baki&quot;},
	[&quot;bkj&quot;] = {&quot;Pande&quot;},
	[&quot;bkk&quot;] = {&quot;Brokskat&quot;},
	[&quot;bkl&quot;] = {&quot;Berik&quot;},
	[&quot;bkm&quot;] = {&quot;Kom (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;bkn&quot;] = {&quot;Bukitan&quot;},
	[&quot;bko&quot;] = {&quot;Kwa'&quot;},
	[&quot;bkp&quot;] = {&quot;Boko (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;bkq&quot;] = {&quot;Bakairí&quot;},
	[&quot;bkr&quot;] = {&quot;Bakumpai&quot;},
	[&quot;bks&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Sorsoganon&quot;},
	[&quot;bkt&quot;] = {&quot;Boloki&quot;},
	[&quot;bku&quot;] = {&quot;Buhid&quot;},
	[&quot;bkv&quot;] = {&quot;Bekwarra&quot;},
	[&quot;bkw&quot;] = {&quot;Bekwel&quot;},
	[&quot;bkx&quot;] = {&quot;Baikeno&quot;},
	[&quot;bky&quot;] = {&quot;Bokyi&quot;},
	[&quot;bkz&quot;] = {&quot;Bungku&quot;},
	[&quot;bla&quot;] = {&quot;Siksika&quot;},
	[&quot;blb&quot;] = {&quot;Bilua&quot;},
	[&quot;blc&quot;] = {&quot;Bella Coola&quot;},
	[&quot;bld&quot;] = {&quot;Bolango&quot;},
	[&quot;ble&quot;] = {&quot;Balanta-Kentohe&quot;},
	[&quot;blf&quot;] = {&quot;Buol&quot;},
	[&quot;blh&quot;] = {&quot;Kuwaa&quot;},
	[&quot;bli&quot;] = {&quot;Bolia&quot;},
	[&quot;blj&quot;] = {&quot;Bolongan&quot;},
	[&quot;blk&quot;] = {&quot;Pa'o Karen&quot;, &quot;Pa'O&quot;},
	[&quot;bll&quot;] = {&quot;Biloxi&quot;},
	[&quot;blm&quot;] = {&quot;Beli (South Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;bln&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Catanduanes Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;blo&quot;] = {&quot;Anii&quot;},
	[&quot;blp&quot;] = {&quot;Blablanga&quot;},
	[&quot;blq&quot;] = {&quot;Baluan-Pam&quot;},
	[&quot;blr&quot;] = {&quot;Blang&quot;},
	[&quot;bls&quot;] = {&quot;Balaesang&quot;},
	[&quot;blt&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Dam&quot;},
	[&quot;blv&quot;] = {&quot;Kibala&quot;, &quot;Bolo&quot;},
	[&quot;blw&quot;] = {&quot;Balangao&quot;},
	[&quot;blx&quot;] = {&quot;Mag-Indi Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;bly&quot;] = {&quot;Notre&quot;},
	[&quot;blz&quot;] = {&quot;Balantak&quot;},
	[&quot;bma&quot;] = {&quot;Lame&quot;},
	[&quot;bmb&quot;] = {&quot;Bembe&quot;},
	[&quot;bmc&quot;] = {&quot;Biem&quot;},
	[&quot;bmd&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Manduri&quot;},
	[&quot;bme&quot;] = {&quot;Limassa&quot;},
	[&quot;bmf&quot;] = {&quot;Bom-Kim&quot;},
	[&quot;bmg&quot;] = {&quot;Bamwe&quot;},
	[&quot;bmh&quot;] = {&quot;Kein&quot;},
	[&quot;bmi&quot;] = {&quot;Bagirmi&quot;},
	[&quot;bmj&quot;] = {&quot;Bote-Majhi&quot;},
	[&quot;bmk&quot;] = {&quot;Ghayavi&quot;},
	[&quot;bml&quot;] = {&quot;Bomboli&quot;},
	[&quot;bmm&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Betsimisaraka Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;bmn&quot;] = {&quot;Bina (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;bmo&quot;] = {&quot;Bambalang&quot;},
	[&quot;bmp&quot;] = {&quot;Bulgebi&quot;},
	[&quot;bmq&quot;] = {&quot;Bomu&quot;},
	[&quot;bmr&quot;] = {&quot;Muinane&quot;},
	[&quot;bms&quot;] = {&quot;Bilma Kanuri&quot;},
	[&quot;bmt&quot;] = {&quot;Biao Mon&quot;},
	[&quot;bmu&quot;] = {&quot;Somba-Siawari&quot;},
	[&quot;bmv&quot;] = {&quot;Bum&quot;},
	[&quot;bmw&quot;] = {&quot;Bomwali&quot;},
	[&quot;bmx&quot;] = {&quot;Baimak&quot;},
	[&quot;bmz&quot;] = {&quot;Baramu&quot;},
	[&quot;bna&quot;] = {&quot;Bonerate&quot;},
	[&quot;bnb&quot;] = {&quot;Bookan&quot;},
	[&quot;bnc&quot;] = {&quot;Bontok&quot;},
	[&quot;bnd&quot;] = {&quot;Banda (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;bne&quot;] = {&quot;Bintauna&quot;},
	[&quot;bnf&quot;] = {&quot;Masiwang&quot;},
	[&quot;bng&quot;] = {&quot;Benga&quot;},
	[&quot;bni&quot;] = {&quot;Bangi&quot;},
	[&quot;bnj&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Tawbuid&quot;},
	[&quot;bnk&quot;] = {&quot;Bierebo&quot;},
	[&quot;bnl&quot;] = {&quot;Boon&quot;},
	[&quot;bnm&quot;] = {&quot;Batanga&quot;},
	[&quot;bnn&quot;] = {&quot;Bunun&quot;},
	[&quot;bno&quot;] = {&quot;Bantoanon&quot;},
	[&quot;bnp&quot;] = {&quot;Bola&quot;},
	[&quot;bnq&quot;] = {&quot;Bantik&quot;},
	[&quot;bnr&quot;] = {&quot;Butmas-Tur&quot;},
	[&quot;bns&quot;] = {&quot;Bundeli&quot;},
	[&quot;bnt&quot;] = {&quot;Bantu languages&quot;},
	[&quot;bnu&quot;] = {&quot;Bentong&quot;},
	[&quot;bnv&quot;] = {&quot;Bonerif&quot;, &quot;Beneraf&quot;, &quot;Edwas&quot;},
	[&quot;bnw&quot;] = {&quot;Bisis&quot;},
	[&quot;bnx&quot;] = {&quot;Bangubangu&quot;},
	[&quot;bny&quot;] = {&quot;Bintulu&quot;},
	[&quot;bnz&quot;] = {&quot;Beezen&quot;},
	[&quot;boa&quot;] = {&quot;Bora&quot;},
	[&quot;bob&quot;] = {&quot;Aweer&quot;},
	[&quot;boe&quot;] = {&quot;Mundabli-Mufu&quot;},
	[&quot;bof&quot;] = {&quot;Bolon&quot;},
	[&quot;bog&quot;] = {&quot;Bamako Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;boh&quot;] = {&quot;Boma&quot;},
	[&quot;boi&quot;] = {&quot;Barbareño&quot;},
	[&quot;boj&quot;] = {&quot;Anjam&quot;},
	[&quot;bok&quot;] = {&quot;Bonjo&quot;},
	[&quot;bol&quot;] = {&quot;Bole&quot;},
	[&quot;bom&quot;] = {&quot;Berom&quot;},
	[&quot;bon&quot;] = {&quot;Bine&quot;},
	[&quot;boo&quot;] = {&quot;Tiemacèwè Bozo&quot;},
	[&quot;bop&quot;] = {&quot;Bonkiman&quot;},
	[&quot;boq&quot;] = {&quot;Bogaya&quot;},
	[&quot;bor&quot;] = {&quot;Borôro&quot;},
	[&quot;bot&quot;] = {&quot;Bongo&quot;},
	[&quot;bou&quot;] = {&quot;Bondei&quot;},
	[&quot;bov&quot;] = {&quot;Tuwuli&quot;},
	[&quot;bow&quot;] = {&quot;Rema&quot;},
	[&quot;box&quot;] = {&quot;Buamu&quot;},
	[&quot;boy&quot;] = {&quot;Bodo (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;boz&quot;] = {&quot;Tiéyaxo Bozo&quot;},
	[&quot;bpa&quot;] = {&quot;Daakaka&quot;},
	[&quot;bpc&quot;] = {&quot;Mbuk&quot;},
	[&quot;bpd&quot;] = {&quot;Banda-Banda&quot;},
	[&quot;bpe&quot;] = {&quot;Bauni&quot;},
	[&quot;bpg&quot;] = {&quot;Bonggo&quot;},
	[&quot;bph&quot;] = {&quot;Botlikh&quot;},
	[&quot;bpi&quot;] = {&quot;Bagupi&quot;},
	[&quot;bpj&quot;] = {&quot;Binji&quot;},
	[&quot;bpk&quot;] = {&quot;Orowe&quot;, &quot;'Ôrôê&quot;},
	[&quot;bpl&quot;] = {&quot;Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;bpm&quot;] = {&quot;Biyom&quot;},
	[&quot;bpn&quot;] = {&quot;Dzao Min&quot;},
	[&quot;bpo&quot;] = {&quot;Anasi&quot;},
	[&quot;bpp&quot;] = {&quot;Kaure&quot;},
	[&quot;bpq&quot;] = {&quot;Banda Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;bpr&quot;] = {&quot;Koronadal Blaan&quot;},
	[&quot;bps&quot;] = {&quot;Sarangani Blaan&quot;},
	[&quot;bpt&quot;] = {&quot;Barrow Point&quot;},
	[&quot;bpu&quot;] = {&quot;Bongu&quot;},
	[&quot;bpv&quot;] = {&quot;Bian Marind&quot;},
	[&quot;bpw&quot;] = {&quot;Bo (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;bpx&quot;] = {&quot;Palya Bareli&quot;},
	[&quot;bpy&quot;] = {&quot;Bishnupriya&quot;},
	[&quot;bpz&quot;] = {&quot;Bilba&quot;},
	[&quot;bqa&quot;] = {&quot;Tchumbuli&quot;},
	[&quot;bqb&quot;] = {&quot;Bagusa&quot;},
	[&quot;bqc&quot;] = {&quot;Boko (Benin)&quot;, &quot;Boo&quot;},
	[&quot;bqd&quot;] = {&quot;Bung&quot;},
	[&quot;bqf&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Kaloum&quot;},
	[&quot;bqg&quot;] = {&quot;Bago-Kusuntu&quot;},
	[&quot;bqh&quot;] = {&quot;Baima&quot;},
	[&quot;bqi&quot;] = {&quot;Bakhtiari&quot;},
	[&quot;bqj&quot;] = {&quot;Bandial&quot;},
	[&quot;bqk&quot;] = {&quot;Banda-Mbrès&quot;},
	[&quot;bql&quot;] = {&quot;Karian&quot;, &quot;Bilakura&quot;},
	[&quot;bqm&quot;] = {&quot;Wumboko&quot;},
	[&quot;bqn&quot;] = {&quot;Bulgarian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;bqo&quot;] = {&quot;Balo&quot;},
	[&quot;bqp&quot;] = {&quot;Busa&quot;},
	[&quot;bqq&quot;] = {&quot;Biritai&quot;},
	[&quot;bqr&quot;] = {&quot;Burusu&quot;},
	[&quot;bqs&quot;] = {&quot;Bosngun&quot;},
	[&quot;bqt&quot;] = {&quot;Bamukumbit&quot;},
	[&quot;bqu&quot;] = {&quot;Boguru&quot;},
	[&quot;bqv&quot;] = {&quot;Koro Wachi&quot;, &quot;Begbere-Ejar&quot;},
	[&quot;bqw&quot;] = {&quot;Buru (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;bqx&quot;] = {&quot;Baangi&quot;},
	[&quot;bqy&quot;] = {&quot;Bengkala Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;bqz&quot;] = {&quot;Bakaka&quot;},
	[&quot;bra&quot;] = {&quot;Braj&quot;},
	[&quot;brb&quot;] = {&quot;Brao&quot;, &quot;Lave&quot;},
	[&quot;brc&quot;] = {&quot;Berbice Creole Dutch&quot;},
	[&quot;brd&quot;] = {&quot;Baraamu&quot;},
	[&quot;brf&quot;] = {&quot;Bira&quot;},
	[&quot;brg&quot;] = {&quot;Baure&quot;},
	[&quot;brh&quot;] = {&quot;Brahui&quot;},
	[&quot;bri&quot;] = {&quot;Mokpwe&quot;},
	[&quot;brj&quot;] = {&quot;Bieria&quot;},
	[&quot;brk&quot;] = {&quot;Birked&quot;},
	[&quot;brl&quot;] = {&quot;Birwa&quot;},
	[&quot;brm&quot;] = {&quot;Barambu&quot;},
	[&quot;brn&quot;] = {&quot;Boruca&quot;},
	[&quot;bro&quot;] = {&quot;Brokkat&quot;},
	[&quot;brp&quot;] = {&quot;Barapasi&quot;},
	[&quot;brq&quot;] = {&quot;Breri&quot;},
	[&quot;brr&quot;] = {&quot;Birao&quot;},
	[&quot;brs&quot;] = {&quot;Baras&quot;},
	[&quot;brt&quot;] = {&quot;Bitare&quot;},
	[&quot;bru&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Bru&quot;},
	[&quot;brv&quot;] = {&quot;Western Bru&quot;},
	[&quot;brw&quot;] = {&quot;Bellari&quot;},
	[&quot;brx&quot;] = {&quot;Bodo (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;bry&quot;] = {&quot;Burui&quot;},
	[&quot;brz&quot;] = {&quot;Bilbil&quot;},
	[&quot;bsa&quot;] = {&quot;Abinomn&quot;},
	[&quot;bsb&quot;] = {&quot;Brunei Bisaya&quot;},
	[&quot;bsc&quot;] = {&quot;Bassari&quot;, &quot;Oniyan&quot;},
	[&quot;bse&quot;] = {&quot;Wushi&quot;},
	[&quot;bsf&quot;] = {&quot;Bauchi&quot;},
	[&quot;bsg&quot;] = {&quot;Bashkardi&quot;},
	[&quot;bsh&quot;] = {&quot;Kati&quot;},
	[&quot;bsi&quot;] = {&quot;Bassossi&quot;},
	[&quot;bsj&quot;] = {&quot;Bangwinji&quot;},
	[&quot;bsk&quot;] = {&quot;Burushaski&quot;},
	[&quot;bsl&quot;] = {&quot;Basa-Gumna&quot;},
	[&quot;bsm&quot;] = {&quot;Busami&quot;},
	[&quot;bsn&quot;] = {&quot;Barasana-Eduria&quot;},
	[&quot;bso&quot;] = {&quot;Buso&quot;},
	[&quot;bsp&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Sitemu&quot;},
	[&quot;bsq&quot;] = {&quot;Bassa&quot;},
	[&quot;bsr&quot;] = {&quot;Bassa-Kontagora&quot;},
	[&quot;bss&quot;] = {&quot;Akoose&quot;},
	[&quot;bst&quot;] = {&quot;Basketo&quot;},
	[&quot;bsu&quot;] = {&quot;Bahonsuai&quot;},
	[&quot;bsv&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Sobané&quot;},
	[&quot;bsw&quot;] = {&quot;Baiso&quot;},
	[&quot;bsx&quot;] = {&quot;Yangkam&quot;},
	[&quot;bsy&quot;] = {&quot;Sabah Bisaya&quot;},
	[&quot;bta&quot;] = {&quot;Bata&quot;},
	[&quot;btc&quot;] = {&quot;Bati (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;btd&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Dairi&quot;},
	[&quot;bte&quot;] = {&quot;Gamo-Ningi&quot;},
	[&quot;btf&quot;] = {&quot;Birgit&quot;},
	[&quot;btg&quot;] = {&quot;Gagnoa Bété&quot;},
	[&quot;bth&quot;] = {&quot;Biatah Bidayuh&quot;},
	[&quot;bti&quot;] = {&quot;Burate&quot;},
	[&quot;btj&quot;] = {&quot;Bacanese Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;btk&quot;] = {&quot;Batak languages&quot;},
	[&quot;btm&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Mandailing&quot;},
	[&quot;btn&quot;] = {&quot;Ratagnon&quot;},
	[&quot;bto&quot;] = {&quot;Rinconada Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;btp&quot;] = {&quot;Budibud&quot;},
	[&quot;btq&quot;] = {&quot;Batek&quot;},
	[&quot;btr&quot;] = {&quot;Baetora&quot;},
	[&quot;bts&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Simalungun&quot;},
	[&quot;btt&quot;] = {&quot;Bete-Bendi&quot;},
	[&quot;btu&quot;] = {&quot;Batu&quot;},
	[&quot;btv&quot;] = {&quot;Bateri&quot;},
	[&quot;btw&quot;] = {&quot;Butuanon&quot;},
	[&quot;btx&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Karo&quot;},
	[&quot;bty&quot;] = {&quot;Bobot&quot;},
	[&quot;btz&quot;] = {&quot;Batak Alas-Kluet&quot;},
	[&quot;bua&quot;] = {&quot;Buriat&quot;},
	[&quot;bub&quot;] = {&quot;Bua&quot;},
	[&quot;buc&quot;] = {&quot;Bushi&quot;},
	[&quot;bud&quot;] = {&quot;Ntcham&quot;},
	[&quot;bue&quot;] = {&quot;Beothuk&quot;},
	[&quot;buf&quot;] = {&quot;Bushoong&quot;},
	[&quot;bug&quot;] = {&quot;Buginese&quot;},
	[&quot;buh&quot;] = {&quot;Younuo Bunu&quot;},
	[&quot;bui&quot;] = {&quot;Bongili&quot;},
	[&quot;buj&quot;] = {&quot;Basa-Gurmana&quot;},
	[&quot;buk&quot;] = {&quot;Bugawac&quot;},
	[&quot;bum&quot;] = {&quot;Bulu (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;bun&quot;] = {&quot;Sherbro&quot;},
	[&quot;buo&quot;] = {&quot;Terei&quot;},
	[&quot;bup&quot;] = {&quot;Busoa&quot;},
	[&quot;buq&quot;] = {&quot;Brem&quot;},
	[&quot;bus&quot;] = {&quot;Bokobaru&quot;},
	[&quot;but&quot;] = {&quot;Bungain&quot;},
	[&quot;buu&quot;] = {&quot;Budu&quot;},
	[&quot;buv&quot;] = {&quot;Bun&quot;},
	[&quot;buw&quot;] = {&quot;Bubi&quot;},
	[&quot;bux&quot;] = {&quot;Boghom&quot;},
	[&quot;buy&quot;] = {&quot;Bullom So&quot;},
	[&quot;buz&quot;] = {&quot;Bukwen&quot;},
	[&quot;bva&quot;] = {&quot;Barein&quot;},
	[&quot;bvb&quot;] = {&quot;Bube&quot;},
	[&quot;bvc&quot;] = {&quot;Baelelea&quot;},
	[&quot;bvd&quot;] = {&quot;Baeggu&quot;},
	[&quot;bve&quot;] = {&quot;Berau Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;bvf&quot;] = {&quot;Boor&quot;},
	[&quot;bvg&quot;] = {&quot;Bonkeng&quot;},
	[&quot;bvh&quot;] = {&quot;Bure&quot;},
	[&quot;bvi&quot;] = {&quot;Belanda Viri&quot;},
	[&quot;bvj&quot;] = {&quot;Baan&quot;},
	[&quot;bvk&quot;] = {&quot;Bukat&quot;},
	[&quot;bvl&quot;] = {&quot;Bolivian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;bvm&quot;] = {&quot;Bamunka&quot;},
	[&quot;bvn&quot;] = {&quot;Buna&quot;},
	[&quot;bvo&quot;] = {&quot;Bolgo&quot;},
	[&quot;bvp&quot;] = {&quot;Bumang&quot;},
	[&quot;bvq&quot;] = {&quot;Birri&quot;},
	[&quot;bvr&quot;] = {&quot;Burarra&quot;},
	[&quot;bvt&quot;] = {&quot;Bati (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;bvu&quot;] = {&quot;Bukit Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;bvv&quot;] = {&quot;Baniva&quot;},
	[&quot;bvw&quot;] = {&quot;Boga&quot;},
	[&quot;bvx&quot;] = {&quot;Dibole&quot;},
	[&quot;bvy&quot;] = {&quot;Baybayanon&quot;},
	[&quot;bvz&quot;] = {&quot;Bauzi&quot;},
	[&quot;bwa&quot;] = {&quot;Bwatoo&quot;},
	[&quot;bwb&quot;] = {&quot;Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua&quot;},
	[&quot;bwc&quot;] = {&quot;Bwile&quot;},
	[&quot;bwd&quot;] = {&quot;Bwaidoka&quot;},
	[&quot;bwe&quot;] = {&quot;Bwe Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;bwf&quot;] = {&quot;Boselewa&quot;},
	[&quot;bwg&quot;] = {&quot;Barwe&quot;},
	[&quot;bwh&quot;] = {&quot;Bishuo&quot;},
	[&quot;bwi&quot;] = {&quot;Baniwa&quot;},
	[&quot;bwj&quot;] = {&quot;Láá Láá Bwamu&quot;},
	[&quot;bwk&quot;] = {&quot;Bauwaki&quot;},
	[&quot;bwl&quot;] = {&quot;Bwela&quot;},
	[&quot;bwm&quot;] = {&quot;Biwat&quot;},
	[&quot;bwn&quot;] = {&quot;Wunai Bunu&quot;},
	[&quot;bwo&quot;] = {&quot;Boro (Ethiopia)&quot;, &quot;Borna (Ethiopia)&quot;},
	[&quot;bwp&quot;] = {&quot;Mandobo Bawah&quot;},
	[&quot;bwq&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Bobo Madaré&quot;},
	[&quot;bwr&quot;] = {&quot;Bura-Pabir&quot;},
	[&quot;bws&quot;] = {&quot;Bomboma&quot;},
	[&quot;bwt&quot;] = {&quot;Bafaw-Balong&quot;},
	[&quot;bwu&quot;] = {&quot;Buli (Ghana)&quot;},
	[&quot;bww&quot;] = {&quot;Bwa&quot;},
	[&quot;bwx&quot;] = {&quot;Bu-Nao Bunu&quot;},
	[&quot;bwy&quot;] = {&quot;Cwi Bwamu&quot;},
	[&quot;bwz&quot;] = {&quot;Bwisi&quot;},
	[&quot;bxa&quot;] = {&quot;Tairaha&quot;},
	[&quot;bxb&quot;] = {&quot;Belanda Bor&quot;},
	[&quot;bxc&quot;] = {&quot;Molengue&quot;},
	[&quot;bxd&quot;] = {&quot;Pela&quot;},
	[&quot;bxe&quot;] = {&quot;Birale&quot;},
	[&quot;bxf&quot;] = {&quot;Bilur&quot;, &quot;Minigir&quot;},
	[&quot;bxg&quot;] = {&quot;Bangala&quot;},
	[&quot;bxh&quot;] = {&quot;Buhutu&quot;},
	[&quot;bxi&quot;] = {&quot;Pirlatapa&quot;},
	[&quot;bxj&quot;] = {&quot;Bayungu&quot;},
	[&quot;bxk&quot;] = {&quot;Bukusu&quot;, &quot;Lubukusu&quot;},
	[&quot;bxl&quot;] = {&quot;Jalkunan&quot;},
	[&quot;bxm&quot;] = {&quot;Mongolia Buriat&quot;},
	[&quot;bxn&quot;] = {&quot;Burduna&quot;},
	[&quot;bxo&quot;] = {&quot;Barikanchi&quot;},
	[&quot;bxp&quot;] = {&quot;Bebil&quot;},
	[&quot;bxq&quot;] = {&quot;Beele&quot;},
	[&quot;bxr&quot;] = {&quot;Russia Buriat&quot;},
	[&quot;bxs&quot;] = {&quot;Busam&quot;},
	[&quot;bxu&quot;] = {&quot;China Buriat&quot;},
	[&quot;bxv&quot;] = {&quot;Berakou&quot;},
	[&quot;bxw&quot;] = {&quot;Bankagooma&quot;},
	[&quot;bxz&quot;] = {&quot;Binahari&quot;},
	[&quot;bya&quot;] = {&quot;Batak&quot;},
	[&quot;byb&quot;] = {&quot;Bikya&quot;},
	[&quot;byc&quot;] = {&quot;Ubaghara&quot;},
	[&quot;byd&quot;] = {&quot;Benyadu'&quot;},
	[&quot;bye&quot;] = {&quot;Pouye&quot;},
	[&quot;byf&quot;] = {&quot;Bete&quot;},
	[&quot;byg&quot;] = {&quot;Baygo&quot;},
	[&quot;byh&quot;] = {&quot;Bhujel&quot;},
	[&quot;byi&quot;] = {&quot;Buyu&quot;},
	[&quot;byj&quot;] = {&quot;Bina (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;byk&quot;] = {&quot;Biao&quot;},
	[&quot;byl&quot;] = {&quot;Bayono&quot;},
	[&quot;bym&quot;] = {&quot;Bidjara&quot;},
	[&quot;byn&quot;] = {&quot;Bilin&quot;, &quot;Blin&quot;},
	[&quot;byo&quot;] = {&quot;Biyo&quot;},
	[&quot;byp&quot;] = {&quot;Bumaji&quot;},
	[&quot;byq&quot;] = {&quot;Basay&quot;},
	[&quot;byr&quot;] = {&quot;Baruya&quot;, &quot;Yipma&quot;},
	[&quot;bys&quot;] = {&quot;Burak&quot;},
	[&quot;byt&quot;] = {&quot;Berti&quot;},
	[&quot;byv&quot;] = {&quot;Medumba&quot;},
	[&quot;byw&quot;] = {&quot;Belhariya&quot;},
	[&quot;byx&quot;] = {&quot;Qaqet&quot;},
	[&quot;byz&quot;] = {&quot;Banaro&quot;},
	[&quot;bza&quot;] = {&quot;Bandi&quot;},
	[&quot;bzb&quot;] = {&quot;Andio&quot;},
	[&quot;bzc&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;bzd&quot;] = {&quot;Bribri&quot;},
	[&quot;bze&quot;] = {&quot;Jenaama Bozo&quot;},
	[&quot;bzf&quot;] = {&quot;Boikin&quot;},
	[&quot;bzg&quot;] = {&quot;Babuza&quot;},
	[&quot;bzh&quot;] = {&quot;Mapos Buang&quot;},
	[&quot;bzi&quot;] = {&quot;Bisu&quot;},
	[&quot;bzj&quot;] = {&quot;Belize Kriol English&quot;},
	[&quot;bzk&quot;] = {&quot;Nicaragua Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;bzl&quot;] = {&quot;Boano (Sulawesi)&quot;},
	[&quot;bzm&quot;] = {&quot;Bolondo&quot;},
	[&quot;bzn&quot;] = {&quot;Boano (Maluku)&quot;},
	[&quot;bzo&quot;] = {&quot;Bozaba&quot;},
	[&quot;bzp&quot;] = {&quot;Kemberano&quot;},
	[&quot;bzq&quot;] = {&quot;Buli (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;bzr&quot;] = {&quot;Biri&quot;},
	[&quot;bzs&quot;] = {&quot;Brazilian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;bzt&quot;] = {&quot;Brithenig&quot;},
	[&quot;bzu&quot;] = {&quot;Burmeso&quot;},
	[&quot;bzv&quot;] = {&quot;Naami&quot;},
	[&quot;bzw&quot;] = {&quot;Basa (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;bzx&quot;] = {&quot;Kɛlɛngaxo Bozo&quot;},
	[&quot;bzy&quot;] = {&quot;Obanliku&quot;},
	[&quot;bzz&quot;] = {&quot;Evant&quot;},
	[&quot;caa&quot;] = {&quot;Chortí&quot;},
	[&quot;cab&quot;] = {&quot;Garifuna&quot;},
	[&quot;cac&quot;] = {&quot;Chuj&quot;},
	[&quot;cad&quot;] = {&quot;Caddo&quot;},
	[&quot;cae&quot;] = {&quot;Lehar&quot;, &quot;Laalaa&quot;},
	[&quot;caf&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Carrier&quot;},
	[&quot;cag&quot;] = {&quot;Nivaclé&quot;},
	[&quot;cah&quot;] = {&quot;Cahuarano&quot;},
	[&quot;cai&quot;] = {&quot;Central American Indian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;caj&quot;] = {&quot;Chané&quot;},
	[&quot;cak&quot;] = {&quot;Kaqchikel&quot;, &quot;Cakchiquel&quot;},
	[&quot;cal&quot;] = {&quot;Carolinian&quot;},
	[&quot;cam&quot;] = {&quot;Cemuhî&quot;},
	[&quot;can&quot;] = {&quot;Chambri&quot;},
	[&quot;cao&quot;] = {&quot;Chácobo&quot;},
	[&quot;cap&quot;] = {&quot;Chipaya&quot;},
	[&quot;caq&quot;] = {&quot;Car Nicobarese&quot;},
	[&quot;car&quot;] = {&quot;Galibi Carib&quot;},
	[&quot;cas&quot;] = {&quot;Tsimané&quot;},
	[&quot;cau&quot;] = {&quot;Caucasian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cav&quot;] = {&quot;Cavineña&quot;},
	[&quot;caw&quot;] = {&quot;Callawalla&quot;},
	[&quot;cax&quot;] = {&quot;Chiquitano&quot;},
	[&quot;cay&quot;] = {&quot;Cayuga&quot;},
	[&quot;caz&quot;] = {&quot;Canichana&quot;},
	[&quot;cba&quot;] = {&quot;Chibchan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cbb&quot;] = {&quot;Cabiyarí&quot;},
	[&quot;cbc&quot;] = {&quot;Carapana&quot;},
	[&quot;cbd&quot;] = {&quot;Carijona&quot;},
	[&quot;cbg&quot;] = {&quot;Chimila&quot;},
	[&quot;cbi&quot;] = {&quot;Chachi&quot;},
	[&quot;cbj&quot;] = {&quot;Ede Cabe&quot;},
	[&quot;cbk&quot;] = {&quot;Chavacano&quot;},
	[&quot;cbl&quot;] = {&quot;Bualkhaw Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cbn&quot;] = {&quot;Nyahkur&quot;},
	[&quot;cbo&quot;] = {&quot;Izora&quot;},
	[&quot;cbq&quot;] = {&quot;Tsucuba&quot;, &quot;Cuba&quot;},
	[&quot;cbr&quot;] = {&quot;Cashibo-Cacataibo&quot;},
	[&quot;cbs&quot;] = {&quot;Cashinahua&quot;},
	[&quot;cbt&quot;] = {&quot;Chayahuita&quot;},
	[&quot;cbu&quot;] = {&quot;Candoshi-Shapra&quot;},
	[&quot;cbv&quot;] = {&quot;Cacua&quot;},
	[&quot;cbw&quot;] = {&quot;Kinabalian&quot;},
	[&quot;cby&quot;] = {&quot;Carabayo&quot;},
	[&quot;ccc&quot;] = {&quot;Chamicuro&quot;},
	[&quot;ccd&quot;] = {&quot;Cafundo Creole&quot;},
	[&quot;cce&quot;] = {&quot;Chopi&quot;},
	[&quot;ccg&quot;] = {&quot;Samba Daka&quot;},
	[&quot;cch&quot;] = {&quot;Atsam&quot;},
	[&quot;ccj&quot;] = {&quot;Kasanga&quot;},
	[&quot;ccl&quot;] = {&quot;Cutchi-Swahili&quot;},
	[&quot;ccm&quot;] = {&quot;Malaccan Creole Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;ccn&quot;] = {&quot;North Caucasian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cco&quot;] = {&quot;Comaltepec Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;ccp&quot;] = {&quot;Chakma&quot;},
	[&quot;ccr&quot;] = {&quot;Cacaopera&quot;},
	[&quot;ccs&quot;] = {&quot;South Caucasian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cda&quot;] = {&quot;Choni&quot;},
	[&quot;cdc&quot;] = {&quot;Chadic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cdd&quot;] = {&quot;Caddoan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cde&quot;] = {&quot;Chenchu&quot;},
	[&quot;cdf&quot;] = {&quot;Chiru&quot;},
	[&quot;cdh&quot;] = {&quot;Chambeali&quot;},
	[&quot;cdi&quot;] = {&quot;Chodri&quot;},
	[&quot;cdj&quot;] = {&quot;Churahi&quot;},
	[&quot;cdm&quot;] = {&quot;Chepang&quot;},
	[&quot;cdn&quot;] = {&quot;Chaudangsi&quot;},
	[&quot;cdo&quot;] = {&quot;Min Dong Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;cdr&quot;] = {&quot;Cinda-Regi-Tiyal&quot;},
	[&quot;cds&quot;] = {&quot;Chadian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;cdy&quot;] = {&quot;Chadong&quot;},
	[&quot;cdz&quot;] = {&quot;Koda&quot;},
	[&quot;cea&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Chehalis&quot;},
	[&quot;ceb&quot;] = {&quot;Cebuano&quot;},
	[&quot;ceg&quot;] = {&quot;Chamacoco&quot;},
	[&quot;cek&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Khumi Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cel&quot;] = {&quot;Celtic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cen&quot;] = {&quot;Cen&quot;},
	[&quot;cet&quot;] = {&quot;Centúúm&quot;},
	[&quot;cey&quot;] = {&quot;Ekai Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cfa&quot;] = {&quot;Dijim-Bwilim&quot;},
	[&quot;cfd&quot;] = {&quot;Cara&quot;},
	[&quot;cfg&quot;] = {&quot;Como Karim&quot;},
	[&quot;cfm&quot;] = {&quot;Falam Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cga&quot;] = {&quot;Changriwa&quot;},
	[&quot;cgc&quot;] = {&quot;Kagayanen&quot;},
	[&quot;cgg&quot;] = {&quot;Chiga&quot;},
	[&quot;cgk&quot;] = {&quot;Chocangacakha&quot;},
	[&quot;chb&quot;] = {&quot;Chibcha&quot;},
	[&quot;chc&quot;] = {&quot;Catawba&quot;},
	[&quot;chd&quot;] = {&quot;Highland Oaxaca Chontal&quot;},
	[&quot;chf&quot;] = {&quot;Tabasco Chontal&quot;},
	[&quot;chg&quot;] = {&quot;Chagatai&quot;},
	[&quot;chh&quot;] = {&quot;Chinook&quot;},
	[&quot;chj&quot;] = {&quot;Ojitlán Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;chk&quot;] = {&quot;Chuukese&quot;},
	[&quot;chl&quot;] = {&quot;Cahuilla&quot;},
	[&quot;chm&quot;] = {&quot;Mari (Russia)&quot;},
	[&quot;chn&quot;] = {&quot;Chinook jargon&quot;},
	[&quot;cho&quot;] = {&quot;Choctaw&quot;},
	[&quot;chp&quot;] = {&quot;Chipewyan&quot;, &quot;Dene Suline&quot;},
	[&quot;chq&quot;] = {&quot;Quiotepec Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;chr&quot;] = {&quot;Cherokee&quot;},
	[&quot;cht&quot;] = {&quot;Cholón&quot;},
	[&quot;chw&quot;] = {&quot;Chuwabu&quot;},
	[&quot;chx&quot;] = {&quot;Chantyal&quot;},
	[&quot;chy&quot;] = {&quot;Cheyenne&quot;},
	[&quot;chz&quot;] = {&quot;Ozumacín Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;cia&quot;] = {&quot;Cia-Cia&quot;},
	[&quot;cib&quot;] = {&quot;Ci Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;cic&quot;] = {&quot;Chickasaw&quot;},
	[&quot;cid&quot;] = {&quot;Chimariko&quot;},
	[&quot;cie&quot;] = {&quot;Cineni&quot;},
	[&quot;cih&quot;] = {&quot;Chinali&quot;},
	[&quot;cik&quot;] = {&quot;Chitkuli Kinnauri&quot;},
	[&quot;cim&quot;] = {&quot;Cimbrian&quot;},
	[&quot;cin&quot;] = {&quot;Cinta Larga&quot;},
	[&quot;cip&quot;] = {&quot;Chiapanec&quot;},
	[&quot;cir&quot;] = {&quot;Tiri&quot;, &quot;Haméa&quot;, &quot;Méa&quot;},
	[&quot;ciw&quot;] = {&quot;Chippewa&quot;},
	[&quot;ciy&quot;] = {&quot;Chaima&quot;},
	[&quot;cja&quot;] = {&quot;Western Cham&quot;},
	[&quot;cje&quot;] = {&quot;Chru&quot;},
	[&quot;cjh&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Chehalis&quot;},
	[&quot;cji&quot;] = {&quot;Chamalal&quot;},
	[&quot;cjk&quot;] = {&quot;Chokwe&quot;},
	[&quot;cjm&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Cham&quot;},
	[&quot;cjn&quot;] = {&quot;Chenapian&quot;},
	[&quot;cjo&quot;] = {&quot;Ashéninka Pajonal&quot;},
	[&quot;cjp&quot;] = {&quot;Cabécar&quot;},
	[&quot;cjs&quot;] = {&quot;Shor&quot;},
	[&quot;cjv&quot;] = {&quot;Chuave&quot;},
	[&quot;cjy&quot;] = {&quot;Jinyu Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;ckb&quot;] = {&quot;Central Kurdish&quot;},
	[&quot;ckh&quot;] = {&quot;Chak&quot;},
	[&quot;ckl&quot;] = {&quot;Cibak&quot;},
	[&quot;ckm&quot;] = {&quot;Chakavian&quot;},
	[&quot;ckn&quot;] = {&quot;Kaang Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cko&quot;] = {&quot;Anufo&quot;},
	[&quot;ckq&quot;] = {&quot;Kajakse&quot;},
	[&quot;ckr&quot;] = {&quot;Kairak&quot;},
	[&quot;cks&quot;] = {&quot;Tayo&quot;},
	[&quot;ckt&quot;] = {&quot;Chukot&quot;},
	[&quot;cku&quot;] = {&quot;Koasati&quot;},
	[&quot;ckv&quot;] = {&quot;Kavalan&quot;},
	[&quot;ckx&quot;] = {&quot;Caka&quot;},
	[&quot;cky&quot;] = {&quot;Cakfem-Mushere&quot;},
	[&quot;ckz&quot;] = {&quot;Cakchiquel-Quiché Mixed Language&quot;},
	[&quot;cla&quot;] = {&quot;Ron&quot;},
	[&quot;clc&quot;] = {&quot;Chilcotin&quot;, &quot;Tsilhqot’in&quot;},
	[&quot;cld&quot;] = {&quot;Chaldean Neo-Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;cle&quot;] = {&quot;Lealao Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;clh&quot;] = {&quot;Chilisso&quot;},
	[&quot;cli&quot;] = {&quot;Chakali&quot;},
	[&quot;clj&quot;] = {&quot;Laitu Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;clk&quot;] = {&quot;Idu-Mishmi&quot;},
	[&quot;cll&quot;] = {&quot;Chala&quot;},
	[&quot;clm&quot;] = {&quot;Klallam&quot;, &quot;Clallam&quot;},
	[&quot;clo&quot;] = {&quot;Lowland Oaxaca Chontal&quot;},
	[&quot;cls&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Sanskrit&quot;},
	[&quot;clt&quot;] = {&quot;Lautu Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;clu&quot;] = {&quot;Caluyanun&quot;},
	[&quot;clw&quot;] = {&quot;Chulym&quot;},
	[&quot;cly&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Highland Chatino&quot;},
	[&quot;cma&quot;] = {&quot;Maa&quot;},
	[&quot;cmc&quot;] = {&quot;Chamic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cme&quot;] = {&quot;Cerma&quot;},
	[&quot;cmg&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Mongolian&quot;},
	[&quot;cmi&quot;] = {&quot;Emberá-Chamí&quot;},
	[&quot;cml&quot;] = {&quot;Campalagian&quot;},
	[&quot;cmm&quot;] = {&quot;Michigamea&quot;},
	[&quot;cmn&quot;] = {&quot;Mandarin Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;cmo&quot;] = {&quot;Central Mnong&quot;},
	[&quot;cmr&quot;] = {&quot;Mro-Khimi Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cms&quot;] = {&quot;Messapic&quot;},
	[&quot;cmt&quot;] = {&quot;Camtho&quot;},
	[&quot;cna&quot;] = {&quot;Changthang&quot;},
	[&quot;cnb&quot;] = {&quot;Chinbon Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cnc&quot;] = {&quot;Côông&quot;},
	[&quot;cng&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Qiang&quot;},
	[&quot;cnh&quot;] = {&quot;Hakha Chin&quot;, &quot;Haka Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cni&quot;] = {&quot;Asháninka&quot;},
	[&quot;cnk&quot;] = {&quot;Khumi Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cnl&quot;] = {&quot;Lalana Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;cno&quot;] = {&quot;Con&quot;},
	[&quot;cnp&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Ping Chinese&quot;, &quot;Northern Pinghua&quot;},
	[&quot;cnq&quot;] = {&quot;Chung&quot;},
	[&quot;cnr&quot;] = {&quot;Montenegrin&quot;},
	[&quot;cns&quot;] = {&quot;Central Asmat&quot;},
	[&quot;cnt&quot;] = {&quot;Tepetotutla Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;cnu&quot;] = {&quot;Chenoua&quot;},
	[&quot;cnw&quot;] = {&quot;Ngawn Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cnx&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Cornish&quot;},
	[&quot;coa&quot;] = {&quot;Cocos Islands Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;cob&quot;] = {&quot;Chicomuceltec&quot;},
	[&quot;coc&quot;] = {&quot;Cocopa&quot;},
	[&quot;cod&quot;] = {&quot;Cocama-Cocamilla&quot;},
	[&quot;coe&quot;] = {&quot;Koreguaje&quot;},
	[&quot;cof&quot;] = {&quot;Colorado&quot;},
	[&quot;cog&quot;] = {&quot;Chong&quot;},
	[&quot;coh&quot;] = {&quot;Chonyi-Dzihana-Kauma&quot;, &quot;Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma&quot;},
	[&quot;coj&quot;] = {&quot;Cochimi&quot;},
	[&quot;cok&quot;] = {&quot;Santa Teresa Cora&quot;},
	[&quot;col&quot;] = {&quot;Columbia-Wenatchi&quot;},
	[&quot;com&quot;] = {&quot;Comanche&quot;},
	[&quot;con&quot;] = {&quot;Cofán&quot;},
	[&quot;coo&quot;] = {&quot;Comox&quot;},
	[&quot;cop&quot;] = {&quot;Coptic&quot;},
	[&quot;coq&quot;] = {&quot;Coquille&quot;},
	[&quot;cot&quot;] = {&quot;Caquinte&quot;},
	[&quot;cou&quot;] = {&quot;Wamey&quot;},
	[&quot;cov&quot;] = {&quot;Cao Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;cow&quot;] = {&quot;Cowlitz&quot;},
	[&quot;cox&quot;] = {&quot;Nanti&quot;},
	[&quot;coz&quot;] = {&quot;Chochotec&quot;},
	[&quot;cpa&quot;] = {&quot;Palantla Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;cpb&quot;] = {&quot;Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka&quot;},
	[&quot;cpc&quot;] = {&quot;Ajyíninka Apurucayali&quot;},
	[&quot;cpe&quot;] = {&quot;English-based creoles and pidgins&quot;},
	[&quot;cpf&quot;] = {&quot;French-based creoles and pidgins&quot;},
	[&quot;cpg&quot;] = {&quot;Cappadocian Greek&quot;},
	[&quot;cpi&quot;] = {&quot;Chinese Pidgin English&quot;},
	[&quot;cpn&quot;] = {&quot;Cherepon&quot;},
	[&quot;cpo&quot;] = {&quot;Kpeego&quot;},
	[&quot;cpp&quot;] = {&quot;Portuguese-based creoles and pidgins&quot;},
	[&quot;cps&quot;] = {&quot;Capiznon&quot;},
	[&quot;cpu&quot;] = {&quot;Pichis Ashéninka&quot;},
	[&quot;cpx&quot;] = {&quot;Pu-Xian Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;cpy&quot;] = {&quot;South Ucayali Ashéninka&quot;},
	[&quot;cqd&quot;] = {&quot;Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;cra&quot;] = {&quot;Chara&quot;},
	[&quot;crb&quot;] = {&quot;Island Carib&quot;},
	[&quot;crc&quot;] = {&quot;Lonwolwol&quot;},
	[&quot;crd&quot;] = {&quot;Coeur d'Alene&quot;},
	[&quot;crf&quot;] = {&quot;Caramanta&quot;},
	[&quot;crg&quot;] = {&quot;Michif&quot;},
	[&quot;crh&quot;] = {&quot;Crimean Tatar&quot;, &quot;Crimean Turkish&quot;},
	[&quot;cri&quot;] = {&quot;Sãotomense&quot;},
	[&quot;crj&quot;] = {&quot;Southern East Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;crk&quot;] = {&quot;Plains Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;crl&quot;] = {&quot;Northern East Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;crm&quot;] = {&quot;Moose Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;crn&quot;] = {&quot;El Nayar Cora&quot;},
	[&quot;cro&quot;] = {&quot;Crow&quot;},
	[&quot;crp&quot;] = {&quot;Creoles and pidgins&quot;},
	[&quot;crq&quot;] = {&quot;Iyo'wujwa Chorote&quot;},
	[&quot;crr&quot;] = {&quot;Carolina Algonquian&quot;},
	[&quot;crs&quot;] = {&quot;Seselwa Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;crt&quot;] = {&quot;Iyojwa'ja Chorote&quot;},
	[&quot;crv&quot;] = {&quot;Chaura&quot;},
	[&quot;crw&quot;] = {&quot;Chrau&quot;},
	[&quot;crx&quot;] = {&quot;Carrier&quot;},
	[&quot;cry&quot;] = {&quot;Cori&quot;},
	[&quot;crz&quot;] = {&quot;Cruzeño&quot;},
	[&quot;csa&quot;] = {&quot;Chiltepec Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;csb&quot;] = {&quot;Kashubian&quot;},
	[&quot;csc&quot;] = {&quot;Catalan Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Lengua de señas catalana&quot;, &quot;Llengua de Signes Catalana&quot;},
	[&quot;csd&quot;] = {&quot;Chiangmai Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;cse&quot;] = {&quot;Czech Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;csf&quot;] = {&quot;Cuba Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;csg&quot;] = {&quot;Chilean Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;csh&quot;] = {&quot;Asho Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;csi&quot;] = {&quot;Coast Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;csj&quot;] = {&quot;Songlai Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;csk&quot;] = {&quot;Jola-Kasa&quot;},
	[&quot;csl&quot;] = {&quot;Chinese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;csm&quot;] = {&quot;Central Sierra Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;csn&quot;] = {&quot;Colombian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;cso&quot;] = {&quot;Sochiapam Chinantec&quot;, &quot;Sochiapan Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;csp&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Ping Chinese&quot;, &quot;Southern Pinghua&quot;},
	[&quot;csq&quot;] = {&quot;Croatia Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;csr&quot;] = {&quot;Costa Rican Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;css&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Ohlone&quot;},
	[&quot;cst&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Ohlone&quot;},
	[&quot;csu&quot;] = {&quot;Central Sudanic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;csv&quot;] = {&quot;Sumtu Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;csw&quot;] = {&quot;Swampy Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;csx&quot;] = {&quot;Cambodian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;csy&quot;] = {&quot;Siyin Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;csz&quot;] = {&quot;Coos&quot;},
	[&quot;cta&quot;] = {&quot;Tataltepec Chatino&quot;},
	[&quot;ctc&quot;] = {&quot;Chetco&quot;},
	[&quot;ctd&quot;] = {&quot;Tedim Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cte&quot;] = {&quot;Tepinapa Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;ctg&quot;] = {&quot;Chittagonian&quot;},
	[&quot;cth&quot;] = {&quot;Thaiphum Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;ctl&quot;] = {&quot;Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;ctm&quot;] = {&quot;Chitimacha&quot;},
	[&quot;ctn&quot;] = {&quot;Chhintange&quot;},
	[&quot;cto&quot;] = {&quot;Emberá-Catío&quot;},
	[&quot;ctp&quot;] = {&quot;Western Highland Chatino&quot;},
	[&quot;cts&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Catanduanes Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;ctt&quot;] = {&quot;Wayanad Chetti&quot;},
	[&quot;ctu&quot;] = {&quot;Chol&quot;},
	[&quot;cty&quot;] = {&quot;Moundadan Chetty&quot;},
	[&quot;ctz&quot;] = {&quot;Zacatepec Chatino&quot;},
	[&quot;cua&quot;] = {&quot;Cua&quot;},
	[&quot;cub&quot;] = {&quot;Cubeo&quot;},
	[&quot;cuc&quot;] = {&quot;Usila Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;cuh&quot;] = {&quot;Chuka&quot;, &quot;Gichuka&quot;},
	[&quot;cui&quot;] = {&quot;Cuiba&quot;},
	[&quot;cuj&quot;] = {&quot;Mashco Piro&quot;},
	[&quot;cuk&quot;] = {&quot;San Blas Kuna&quot;},
	[&quot;cul&quot;] = {&quot;Culina&quot;, &quot;Kulina&quot;},
	[&quot;cuo&quot;] = {&quot;Cumanagoto&quot;},
	[&quot;cup&quot;] = {&quot;Cupeño&quot;},
	[&quot;cuq&quot;] = {&quot;Cun&quot;},
	[&quot;cur&quot;] = {&quot;Chhulung&quot;},
	[&quot;cus&quot;] = {&quot;Cushitic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;cut&quot;] = {&quot;Teutila Cuicatec&quot;},
	[&quot;cuu&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Ya&quot;},
	[&quot;cuv&quot;] = {&quot;Cuvok&quot;},
	[&quot;cuw&quot;] = {&quot;Chukwa&quot;},
	[&quot;cux&quot;] = {&quot;Tepeuxila Cuicatec&quot;},
	[&quot;cuy&quot;] = {&quot;Cuitlatec&quot;},
	[&quot;cvg&quot;] = {&quot;Chug&quot;},
	[&quot;cvn&quot;] = {&quot;Valle Nacional Chinantec&quot;},
	[&quot;cwa&quot;] = {&quot;Kabwa&quot;},
	[&quot;cwb&quot;] = {&quot;Maindo&quot;},
	[&quot;cwd&quot;] = {&quot;Woods Cree&quot;},
	[&quot;cwe&quot;] = {&quot;Kwere&quot;},
	[&quot;cwg&quot;] = {&quot;Chewong&quot;, &quot;Cheq Wong&quot;},
	[&quot;cwt&quot;] = {&quot;Kuwaataay&quot;},
	[&quot;cxh&quot;] = {&quot;Cha'ari&quot;},
	[&quot;cya&quot;] = {&quot;Nopala Chatino&quot;},
	[&quot;cyb&quot;] = {&quot;Cayubaba&quot;},
	[&quot;cyo&quot;] = {&quot;Cuyonon&quot;},
	[&quot;czh&quot;] = {&quot;Huizhou Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;czk&quot;] = {&quot;Knaanic&quot;},
	[&quot;czn&quot;] = {&quot;Zenzontepec Chatino&quot;},
	[&quot;czo&quot;] = {&quot;Min Zhong Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;czt&quot;] = {&quot;Zotung Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;daa&quot;] = {&quot;Dangaléat&quot;},
	[&quot;dac&quot;] = {&quot;Dambi&quot;},
	[&quot;dad&quot;] = {&quot;Marik&quot;},
	[&quot;dae&quot;] = {&quot;Duupa&quot;},
	[&quot;dag&quot;] = {&quot;Dagbani&quot;},
	[&quot;dah&quot;] = {&quot;Gwahatike&quot;},
	[&quot;dai&quot;] = {&quot;Day&quot;},
	[&quot;daj&quot;] = {&quot;Dar Fur Daju&quot;},
	[&quot;dak&quot;] = {&quot;Dakota&quot;},
	[&quot;dal&quot;] = {&quot;Dahalo&quot;},
	[&quot;dam&quot;] = {&quot;Damakawa&quot;},
	[&quot;dao&quot;] = {&quot;Daai Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;daq&quot;] = {&quot;Dandami Maria&quot;},
	[&quot;dar&quot;] = {&quot;Dargwa&quot;},
	[&quot;das&quot;] = {&quot;Daho-Doo&quot;},
	[&quot;dau&quot;] = {&quot;Dar Sila Daju&quot;},
	[&quot;dav&quot;] = {&quot;Taita&quot;, &quot;Dawida&quot;},
	[&quot;daw&quot;] = {&quot;Davawenyo&quot;},
	[&quot;dax&quot;] = {&quot;Dayi&quot;},
	[&quot;day&quot;] = {&quot;Land Dayak languages&quot;},
	[&quot;daz&quot;] = {&quot;Moi-Wadea&quot;, &quot;Dao&quot;},
	[&quot;dba&quot;] = {&quot;Bangime&quot;},
	[&quot;dbb&quot;] = {&quot;Deno&quot;},
	[&quot;dbd&quot;] = {&quot;Dadiya&quot;},
	[&quot;dbe&quot;] = {&quot;Dabe&quot;},
	[&quot;dbf&quot;] = {&quot;Edopi&quot;},
	[&quot;dbg&quot;] = {&quot;Dogul Dom Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dbi&quot;] = {&quot;Doka&quot;},
	[&quot;dbj&quot;] = {&quot;Ida'an&quot;},
	[&quot;dbl&quot;] = {&quot;Dyirbal&quot;},
	[&quot;dbm&quot;] = {&quot;Duguri&quot;},
	[&quot;dbn&quot;] = {&quot;Duriankere&quot;},
	[&quot;dbo&quot;] = {&quot;Dulbu&quot;},
	[&quot;dbp&quot;] = {&quot;Duwai&quot;},
	[&quot;dbq&quot;] = {&quot;Daba&quot;},
	[&quot;dbr&quot;] = {&quot;Dabarre&quot;},
	[&quot;dbt&quot;] = {&quot;Ben Tey Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dbu&quot;] = {&quot;Bondum Dom Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dbv&quot;] = {&quot;Dungu&quot;},
	[&quot;dbw&quot;] = {&quot;Bankan Tey Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dby&quot;] = {&quot;Dibiyaso&quot;},
	[&quot;dcc&quot;] = {&quot;Deccan&quot;},
	[&quot;dcr&quot;] = {&quot;Negerhollands&quot;},
	[&quot;dda&quot;] = {&quot;Dadi Dadi&quot;},
	[&quot;ddd&quot;] = {&quot;Dongotono&quot;},
	[&quot;dde&quot;] = {&quot;Doondo&quot;},
	[&quot;ddg&quot;] = {&quot;Fataluku&quot;},
	[&quot;ddi&quot;] = {&quot;West Goodenough&quot;},
	[&quot;ddj&quot;] = {&quot;Jaru&quot;},
	[&quot;ddn&quot;] = {&quot;Dendi (Benin)&quot;},
	[&quot;ddo&quot;] = {&quot;Dido&quot;},
	[&quot;ddr&quot;] = {&quot;Dhudhuroa&quot;},
	[&quot;dds&quot;] = {&quot;Donno So Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;ddw&quot;] = {&quot;Dawera-Daweloor&quot;},
	[&quot;dec&quot;] = {&quot;Dagik&quot;},
	[&quot;ded&quot;] = {&quot;Dedua&quot;},
	[&quot;dee&quot;] = {&quot;Dewoin&quot;},
	[&quot;def&quot;] = {&quot;Dezfuli&quot;},
	[&quot;deg&quot;] = {&quot;Degema&quot;},
	[&quot;deh&quot;] = {&quot;Dehwari&quot;},
	[&quot;dei&quot;] = {&quot;Demisa&quot;},
	[&quot;del&quot;] = {&quot;Delaware&quot;},
	[&quot;dem&quot;] = {&quot;Dem&quot;},
	[&quot;den&quot;] = {&quot;Slave (Athapascan)&quot;},
	[&quot;dep&quot;] = {&quot;Pidgin Delaware&quot;},
	[&quot;deq&quot;] = {&quot;Dendi (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;der&quot;] = {&quot;Deori&quot;},
	[&quot;des&quot;] = {&quot;Desano&quot;},
	[&quot;dev&quot;] = {&quot;Domung&quot;},
	[&quot;dez&quot;] = {&quot;Dengese&quot;},
	[&quot;dga&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Dagaare&quot;},
	[&quot;dgb&quot;] = {&quot;Bunoge Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dgc&quot;] = {&quot;Casiguran Dumagat Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;dgd&quot;] = {&quot;Dagaari Dioula&quot;},
	[&quot;dge&quot;] = {&quot;Degenan&quot;},
	[&quot;dgg&quot;] = {&quot;Doga&quot;},
	[&quot;dgh&quot;] = {&quot;Dghwede&quot;},
	[&quot;dgi&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Dagara&quot;},
	[&quot;dgk&quot;] = {&quot;Dagba&quot;},
	[&quot;dgl&quot;] = {&quot;Andaandi&quot;, &quot;Dongolawi&quot;},
	[&quot;dgn&quot;] = {&quot;Dagoman&quot;},
	[&quot;dgo&quot;] = {&quot;Dogri (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;dgr&quot;] = {&quot;Tlicho&quot;, &quot;Dogrib&quot;, &quot;Tłı̨chǫ&quot;},
	[&quot;dgs&quot;] = {&quot;Dogoso&quot;},
	[&quot;dgt&quot;] = {&quot;Ndra'ngith&quot;},
	[&quot;dgw&quot;] = {&quot;Daungwurrung&quot;},
	[&quot;dgx&quot;] = {&quot;Doghoro&quot;},
	[&quot;dgz&quot;] = {&quot;Daga&quot;},
	[&quot;dhd&quot;] = {&quot;Dhundari&quot;},
	[&quot;dhg&quot;] = {&quot;Dhangu-Djangu&quot;, &quot;Dhangu&quot;, &quot;Djangu&quot;},
	[&quot;dhi&quot;] = {&quot;Dhimal&quot;},
	[&quot;dhl&quot;] = {&quot;Dhalandji&quot;},
	[&quot;dhm&quot;] = {&quot;Zemba&quot;},
	[&quot;dhn&quot;] = {&quot;Dhanki&quot;},
	[&quot;dho&quot;] = {&quot;Dhodia&quot;},
	[&quot;dhr&quot;] = {&quot;Dhargari&quot;},
	[&quot;dhs&quot;] = {&quot;Dhaiso&quot;},
	[&quot;dhu&quot;] = {&quot;Dhurga&quot;},
	[&quot;dhv&quot;] = {&quot;Dehu&quot;, &quot;Drehu&quot;},
	[&quot;dhw&quot;] = {&quot;Dhanwar (Nepal)&quot;},
	[&quot;dhx&quot;] = {&quot;Dhungaloo&quot;},
	[&quot;dia&quot;] = {&quot;Dia&quot;},
	[&quot;dib&quot;] = {&quot;South Central Dinka&quot;},
	[&quot;dic&quot;] = {&quot;Lakota Dida&quot;},
	[&quot;did&quot;] = {&quot;Didinga&quot;},
	[&quot;dif&quot;] = {&quot;Dieri&quot;, &quot;Diyari&quot;},
	[&quot;dig&quot;] = {&quot;Digo&quot;, &quot;Chidigo&quot;},
	[&quot;dih&quot;] = {&quot;Kumiai&quot;},
	[&quot;dii&quot;] = {&quot;Dimbong&quot;},
	[&quot;dij&quot;] = {&quot;Dai&quot;},
	[&quot;dik&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Dinka&quot;},
	[&quot;dil&quot;] = {&quot;Dilling&quot;},
	[&quot;dim&quot;] = {&quot;Dime&quot;},
	[&quot;din&quot;] = {&quot;Dinka&quot;},
	[&quot;dio&quot;] = {&quot;Dibo&quot;},
	[&quot;dip&quot;] = {&quot;Northeastern Dinka&quot;},
	[&quot;diq&quot;] = {&quot;Dimli (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;dir&quot;] = {&quot;Dirim&quot;},
	[&quot;dis&quot;] = {&quot;Dimasa&quot;},
	[&quot;diu&quot;] = {&quot;Diriku&quot;},
	[&quot;diw&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Dinka&quot;},
	[&quot;dix&quot;] = {&quot;Dixon Reef&quot;},
	[&quot;diy&quot;] = {&quot;Diuwe&quot;},
	[&quot;diz&quot;] = {&quot;Ding&quot;},
	[&quot;dja&quot;] = {&quot;Djadjawurrung&quot;},
	[&quot;djb&quot;] = {&quot;Djinba&quot;},
	[&quot;djc&quot;] = {&quot;Dar Daju Daju&quot;},
	[&quot;djd&quot;] = {&quot;Djamindjung&quot;, &quot;Ngaliwurru&quot;},
	[&quot;dje&quot;] = {&quot;Zarma&quot;},
	[&quot;djf&quot;] = {&quot;Djangun&quot;},
	[&quot;dji&quot;] = {&quot;Djinang&quot;},
	[&quot;djj&quot;] = {&quot;Djeebbana&quot;},
	[&quot;djk&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Maroon Creole&quot;, &quot;Businenge Tongo&quot;, &quot;Nenge&quot;},
	[&quot;djm&quot;] = {&quot;Jamsay Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;djn&quot;] = {&quot;Jawoyn&quot;, &quot;Djauan&quot;},
	[&quot;djo&quot;] = {&quot;Jangkang&quot;},
	[&quot;djr&quot;] = {&quot;Djambarrpuyngu&quot;},
	[&quot;dju&quot;] = {&quot;Kapriman&quot;},
	[&quot;djw&quot;] = {&quot;Djawi&quot;},
	[&quot;dka&quot;] = {&quot;Dakpakha&quot;},
	[&quot;dkg&quot;] = {&quot;Kadung&quot;},
	[&quot;dkk&quot;] = {&quot;Dakka&quot;},
	[&quot;dkr&quot;] = {&quot;Kuijau&quot;},
	[&quot;dks&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Dinka&quot;},
	[&quot;dkx&quot;] = {&quot;Mazagway&quot;},
	[&quot;dlg&quot;] = {&quot;Dolgan&quot;},
	[&quot;dlk&quot;] = {&quot;Dahalik&quot;},
	[&quot;dlm&quot;] = {&quot;Dalmatian&quot;},
	[&quot;dln&quot;] = {&quot;Darlong&quot;},
	[&quot;dma&quot;] = {&quot;Duma&quot;},
	[&quot;dmb&quot;] = {&quot;Mombo Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dmc&quot;] = {&quot;Gavak&quot;},
	[&quot;dmd&quot;] = {&quot;Madhi Madhi&quot;},
	[&quot;dme&quot;] = {&quot;Dugwor&quot;},
	[&quot;dmf&quot;] = {&quot;Medefaidrin&quot;},
	[&quot;dmg&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Kinabatangan&quot;},
	[&quot;dmk&quot;] = {&quot;Domaaki&quot;},
	[&quot;dml&quot;] = {&quot;Dameli&quot;},
	[&quot;dmm&quot;] = {&quot;Dama&quot;},
	[&quot;dmn&quot;] = {&quot;Mande languages&quot;},
	[&quot;dmo&quot;] = {&quot;Kemedzung&quot;},
	[&quot;dmr&quot;] = {&quot;East Damar&quot;},
	[&quot;dms&quot;] = {&quot;Dampelas&quot;},
	[&quot;dmu&quot;] = {&quot;Dubu&quot;, &quot;Tebi&quot;},
	[&quot;dmv&quot;] = {&quot;Dumpas&quot;},
	[&quot;dmw&quot;] = {&quot;Mudburra&quot;},
	[&quot;dmx&quot;] = {&quot;Dema&quot;},
	[&quot;dmy&quot;] = {&quot;Demta&quot;, &quot;Sowari&quot;},
	[&quot;dna&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Grand Valley Dani&quot;},
	[&quot;dnd&quot;] = {&quot;Daonda&quot;},
	[&quot;dne&quot;] = {&quot;Ndendeule&quot;},
	[&quot;dng&quot;] = {&quot;Dungan&quot;},
	[&quot;dni&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Grand Valley Dani&quot;},
	[&quot;dnj&quot;] = {&quot;Dan&quot;},
	[&quot;dnk&quot;] = {&quot;Dengka&quot;},
	[&quot;dnn&quot;] = {&quot;Dzùùngoo&quot;},
	[&quot;dno&quot;] = {&quot;Ndrulo&quot;, &quot;Northern Lendu&quot;},
	[&quot;dnr&quot;] = {&quot;Danaru&quot;},
	[&quot;dnt&quot;] = {&quot;Mid Grand Valley Dani&quot;},
	[&quot;dnu&quot;] = {&quot;Danau&quot;},
	[&quot;dnv&quot;] = {&quot;Danu&quot;},
	[&quot;dnw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Dani&quot;},
	[&quot;dny&quot;] = {&quot;Dení&quot;},
	[&quot;doa&quot;] = {&quot;Dom&quot;},
	[&quot;dob&quot;] = {&quot;Dobu&quot;},
	[&quot;doc&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Dong&quot;},
	[&quot;doe&quot;] = {&quot;Doe&quot;},
	[&quot;dof&quot;] = {&quot;Domu&quot;},
	[&quot;doh&quot;] = {&quot;Dong&quot;},
	[&quot;doi&quot;] = {&quot;Dogri (macrolanguage)&quot;},
	[&quot;dok&quot;] = {&quot;Dondo&quot;},
	[&quot;dol&quot;] = {&quot;Doso&quot;},
	[&quot;don&quot;] = {&quot;Toura (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;doo&quot;] = {&quot;Dongo&quot;},
	[&quot;dop&quot;] = {&quot;Lukpa&quot;},
	[&quot;doq&quot;] = {&quot;Dominican Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;dor&quot;] = {&quot;Dori'o&quot;},
	[&quot;dos&quot;] = {&quot;Dogosé&quot;},
	[&quot;dot&quot;] = {&quot;Dass&quot;},
	[&quot;dov&quot;] = {&quot;Dombe&quot;},
	[&quot;dow&quot;] = {&quot;Doyayo&quot;},
	[&quot;dox&quot;] = {&quot;Bussa&quot;},
	[&quot;doy&quot;] = {&quot;Dompo&quot;},
	[&quot;doz&quot;] = {&quot;Dorze&quot;},
	[&quot;dpp&quot;] = {&quot;Papar&quot;},
	[&quot;dra&quot;] = {&quot;Dravidian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;drb&quot;] = {&quot;Dair&quot;},
	[&quot;drc&quot;] = {&quot;Minderico&quot;},
	[&quot;drd&quot;] = {&quot;Darmiya&quot;},
	[&quot;dre&quot;] = {&quot;Dolpo&quot;},
	[&quot;drg&quot;] = {&quot;Rungus&quot;},
	[&quot;dri&quot;] = {&quot;C'Lela&quot;},
	[&quot;drl&quot;] = {&quot;Paakantyi&quot;},
	[&quot;drn&quot;] = {&quot;West Damar&quot;},
	[&quot;dro&quot;] = {&quot;Daro-Matu Melanau&quot;},
	[&quot;drq&quot;] = {&quot;Dura&quot;},
	[&quot;drs&quot;] = {&quot;Gedeo&quot;},
	[&quot;drt&quot;] = {&quot;Drents&quot;},
	[&quot;dru&quot;] = {&quot;Rukai&quot;},
	[&quot;dry&quot;] = {&quot;Darai&quot;},
	[&quot;dsb&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Sorbian&quot;},
	[&quot;dse&quot;] = {&quot;Dutch Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;dsh&quot;] = {&quot;Daasanach&quot;},
	[&quot;dsi&quot;] = {&quot;Disa&quot;},
	[&quot;dsk&quot;] = {&quot;Dokshi&quot;},
	[&quot;dsl&quot;] = {&quot;Danish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;dsn&quot;] = {&quot;Dusner&quot;},
	[&quot;dso&quot;] = {&quot;Desiya&quot;},
	[&quot;dsq&quot;] = {&quot;Tadaksahak&quot;},
	[&quot;dsz&quot;] = {&quot;Mardin Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;dta&quot;] = {&quot;Daur&quot;},
	[&quot;dtb&quot;] = {&quot;Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan&quot;},
	[&quot;dtd&quot;] = {&quot;Ditidaht&quot;},
	[&quot;dth&quot;] = {&quot;Adithinngithigh&quot;},
	[&quot;dti&quot;] = {&quot;Ana Tinga Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dtk&quot;] = {&quot;Tene Kan Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dtm&quot;] = {&quot;Tomo Kan Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dtn&quot;] = {&quot;Daatsʼíin&quot;},
	[&quot;dto&quot;] = {&quot;Tommo So Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dtp&quot;] = {&quot;Kadazan Dusun&quot;, &quot;Central Dusun&quot;},
	[&quot;dtr&quot;] = {&quot;Lotud&quot;},
	[&quot;dts&quot;] = {&quot;Toro So Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dtt&quot;] = {&quot;Toro Tegu Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dtu&quot;] = {&quot;Tebul Ure Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dty&quot;] = {&quot;Dotyali&quot;},
	[&quot;dua&quot;] = {&quot;Duala&quot;},
	[&quot;dub&quot;] = {&quot;Dubli&quot;},
	[&quot;duc&quot;] = {&quot;Duna&quot;},
	[&quot;due&quot;] = {&quot;Umiray Dumaget Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;duf&quot;] = {&quot;Dumbea&quot;, &quot;Drubea&quot;},
	[&quot;dug&quot;] = {&quot;Duruma&quot;, &quot;Chiduruma&quot;},
	[&quot;duh&quot;] = {&quot;Dungra Bhil&quot;},
	[&quot;dui&quot;] = {&quot;Dumun&quot;},
	[&quot;duk&quot;] = {&quot;Uyajitaya&quot;},
	[&quot;dul&quot;] = {&quot;Alabat Island Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;dum&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Dutch (ca. 1050-1350)&quot;},
	[&quot;dun&quot;] = {&quot;Dusun Deyah&quot;},
	[&quot;duo&quot;] = {&quot;Dupaninan Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;dup&quot;] = {&quot;Duano&quot;},
	[&quot;duq&quot;] = {&quot;Dusun Malang&quot;},
	[&quot;dur&quot;] = {&quot;Dii&quot;},
	[&quot;dus&quot;] = {&quot;Dumi&quot;},
	[&quot;duu&quot;] = {&quot;Drung&quot;},
	[&quot;duv&quot;] = {&quot;Duvle&quot;},
	[&quot;duw&quot;] = {&quot;Dusun Witu&quot;},
	[&quot;dux&quot;] = {&quot;Duungooma&quot;},
	[&quot;duy&quot;] = {&quot;Dicamay Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;duz&quot;] = {&quot;Duli-Gey&quot;},
	[&quot;dva&quot;] = {&quot;Duau&quot;},
	[&quot;dwa&quot;] = {&quot;Diri&quot;},
	[&quot;dwk&quot;] = {&quot;Dawik Kui&quot;},
	[&quot;dwr&quot;] = {&quot;Dawro&quot;},
	[&quot;dws&quot;] = {&quot;Dutton World Speedwords&quot;},
	[&quot;dwu&quot;] = {&quot;Dhuwal&quot;},
	[&quot;dww&quot;] = {&quot;Dawawa&quot;},
	[&quot;dwy&quot;] = {&quot;Dhuwaya&quot;},
	[&quot;dwz&quot;] = {&quot;Dewas Rai&quot;},
	[&quot;dya&quot;] = {&quot;Dyan&quot;},
	[&quot;dyb&quot;] = {&quot;Dyaberdyaber&quot;},
	[&quot;dyd&quot;] = {&quot;Dyugun&quot;},
	[&quot;dyg&quot;] = {&quot;Villa Viciosa Agta&quot;},
	[&quot;dyi&quot;] = {&quot;Djimini Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;dyl&quot;] = {&quot;Bhutanese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;dym&quot;] = {&quot;Yanda Dom Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;dyn&quot;] = {&quot;Dyangadi&quot;, &quot;Dhanggatti&quot;},
	[&quot;dyo&quot;] = {&quot;Jola-Fonyi&quot;},
	[&quot;dyr&quot;] = {&quot;Dyarim&quot;},
	[&quot;dyu&quot;] = {&quot;Dyula&quot;},
	[&quot;dyy&quot;] = {&quot;Djabugay&quot;, &quot;Dyaabugay&quot;},
	[&quot;dza&quot;] = {&quot;Tunzu&quot;},
	[&quot;dzd&quot;] = {&quot;Daza&quot;},
	[&quot;dze&quot;] = {&quot;Djiwarli&quot;},
	[&quot;dzg&quot;] = {&quot;Dazaga&quot;},
	[&quot;dzl&quot;] = {&quot;Dzalakha&quot;},
	[&quot;dzn&quot;] = {&quot;Dzando&quot;},
	[&quot;eaa&quot;] = {&quot;Karenggapa&quot;},
	[&quot;ebc&quot;] = {&quot;Beginci&quot;},
	[&quot;ebg&quot;] = {&quot;Ebughu&quot;},
	[&quot;ebk&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Bontok&quot;},
	[&quot;ebo&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Ebo&quot;},
	[&quot;ebr&quot;] = {&quot;Ebrié&quot;},
	[&quot;ebu&quot;] = {&quot;Embu&quot;, &quot;Kiembu&quot;},
	[&quot;ecr&quot;] = {&quot;Eteocretan&quot;},
	[&quot;ecs&quot;] = {&quot;Ecuadorian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ecy&quot;] = {&quot;Eteocypriot&quot;},
	[&quot;eee&quot;] = {&quot;E&quot;},
	[&quot;efa&quot;] = {&quot;Efai&quot;},
	[&quot;efe&quot;] = {&quot;Efe&quot;},
	[&quot;efi&quot;] = {&quot;Efik&quot;},
	[&quot;ega&quot;] = {&quot;Ega&quot;},
	[&quot;egl&quot;] = {&quot;Emilian&quot;},
	[&quot;egm&quot;] = {&quot;Benamanga&quot;},
	[&quot;ego&quot;] = {&quot;Eggon&quot;},
	[&quot;egx&quot;] = {&quot;Egyptian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;egy&quot;] = {&quot;Egyptian (Ancient)&quot;},
	[&quot;ehs&quot;] = {&quot;Miyakubo Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ehu&quot;] = {&quot;Ehueun&quot;},
	[&quot;eip&quot;] = {&quot;Eipomek&quot;},
	[&quot;eit&quot;] = {&quot;Eitiep&quot;},
	[&quot;eiv&quot;] = {&quot;Askopan&quot;},
	[&quot;eja&quot;] = {&quot;Ejamat&quot;},
	[&quot;eka&quot;] = {&quot;Ekajuk&quot;},
	[&quot;eke&quot;] = {&quot;Ekit&quot;},
	[&quot;ekg&quot;] = {&quot;Ekari&quot;},
	[&quot;eki&quot;] = {&quot;Eki&quot;},
	[&quot;ekk&quot;] = {&quot;Standard Estonian&quot;},
	[&quot;ekl&quot;] = {&quot;Kol (Bangladesh)&quot;, &quot;Kol&quot;},
	[&quot;ekm&quot;] = {&quot;Elip&quot;},
	[&quot;eko&quot;] = {&quot;Koti&quot;},
	[&quot;ekp&quot;] = {&quot;Ekpeye&quot;},
	[&quot;ekr&quot;] = {&quot;Yace&quot;},
	[&quot;eky&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Kayah&quot;},
	[&quot;ele&quot;] = {&quot;Elepi&quot;},
	[&quot;elh&quot;] = {&quot;El Hugeirat&quot;},
	[&quot;eli&quot;] = {&quot;Nding&quot;},
	[&quot;elk&quot;] = {&quot;Elkei&quot;},
	[&quot;elm&quot;] = {&quot;Eleme&quot;},
	[&quot;elo&quot;] = {&quot;El Molo&quot;},
	[&quot;elu&quot;] = {&quot;Elu&quot;},
	[&quot;elx&quot;] = {&quot;Elamite&quot;},
	[&quot;ema&quot;] = {&quot;Emai-Iuleha-Ora&quot;},
	[&quot;emb&quot;] = {&quot;Embaloh&quot;},
	[&quot;eme&quot;] = {&quot;Emerillon&quot;},
	[&quot;emg&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Meohang&quot;},
	[&quot;emi&quot;] = {&quot;Mussau-Emira&quot;},
	[&quot;emk&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Maninkakan&quot;},
	[&quot;emm&quot;] = {&quot;Mamulique&quot;},
	[&quot;emn&quot;] = {&quot;Eman&quot;},
	[&quot;emp&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Emberá&quot;},
	[&quot;emq&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Minyag&quot;},
	[&quot;ems&quot;] = {&quot;Pacific Gulf Yupik&quot;},
	[&quot;emu&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Muria&quot;},
	[&quot;emw&quot;] = {&quot;Emplawas&quot;},
	[&quot;emx&quot;] = {&quot;Erromintxela&quot;},
	[&quot;emy&quot;] = {&quot;Epigraphic Mayan&quot;},
	[&quot;emz&quot;] = {&quot;Mbessa&quot;},
	[&quot;ena&quot;] = {&quot;Apali&quot;},
	[&quot;enb&quot;] = {&quot;Markweeta&quot;},
	[&quot;enc&quot;] = {&quot;En&quot;},
	[&quot;end&quot;] = {&quot;Ende&quot;},
	[&quot;enf&quot;] = {&quot;Forest Enets&quot;},
	[&quot;enh&quot;] = {&quot;Tundra Enets&quot;},
	[&quot;enl&quot;] = {&quot;Enlhet&quot;},
	[&quot;enm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle English (1100-1500)&quot;},
	[&quot;enn&quot;] = {&quot;Engenni&quot;},
	[&quot;eno&quot;] = {&quot;Enggano&quot;},
	[&quot;enq&quot;] = {&quot;Enga&quot;},
	[&quot;enr&quot;] = {&quot;Emumu&quot;, &quot;Emem&quot;},
	[&quot;enu&quot;] = {&quot;Enu&quot;},
	[&quot;env&quot;] = {&quot;Enwan (Edo State)&quot;},
	[&quot;enw&quot;] = {&quot;Enwan (Akwa Ibom State)&quot;},
	[&quot;enx&quot;] = {&quot;Enxet&quot;},
	[&quot;eot&quot;] = {&quot;Beti (Côte d'Ivoire)&quot;},
	[&quot;epi&quot;] = {&quot;Epie&quot;},
	[&quot;era&quot;] = {&quot;Eravallan&quot;},
	[&quot;erg&quot;] = {&quot;Sie&quot;},
	[&quot;erh&quot;] = {&quot;Eruwa&quot;},
	[&quot;eri&quot;] = {&quot;Ogea&quot;},
	[&quot;erk&quot;] = {&quot;South Efate&quot;},
	[&quot;ero&quot;] = {&quot;Horpa&quot;},
	[&quot;err&quot;] = {&quot;Erre&quot;},
	[&quot;ers&quot;] = {&quot;Ersu&quot;},
	[&quot;ert&quot;] = {&quot;Eritai&quot;},
	[&quot;erw&quot;] = {&quot;Erokwanas&quot;},
	[&quot;ese&quot;] = {&quot;Ese Ejja&quot;},
	[&quot;esg&quot;] = {&quot;Aheri Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;esh&quot;] = {&quot;Eshtehardi&quot;},
	[&quot;esi&quot;] = {&quot;North Alaskan Inupiatun&quot;},
	[&quot;esk&quot;] = {&quot;Northwest Alaska Inupiatun&quot;},
	[&quot;esl&quot;] = {&quot;Egypt Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;esm&quot;] = {&quot;Esuma&quot;},
	[&quot;esn&quot;] = {&quot;Salvadoran Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;eso&quot;] = {&quot;Estonian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;esq&quot;] = {&quot;Esselen&quot;},
	[&quot;ess&quot;] = {&quot;Central Siberian Yupik&quot;},
	[&quot;esu&quot;] = {&quot;Central Yupik&quot;},
	[&quot;esx&quot;] = {&quot;Eskimo-Aleut languages&quot;},
	[&quot;esy&quot;] = {&quot;Eskayan&quot;},
	[&quot;etb&quot;] = {&quot;Etebi&quot;},
	[&quot;etc&quot;] = {&quot;Etchemin&quot;},
	[&quot;eth&quot;] = {&quot;Ethiopian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;etn&quot;] = {&quot;Eton (Vanuatu)&quot;},
	[&quot;eto&quot;] = {&quot;Eton (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;etr&quot;] = {&quot;Edolo&quot;},
	[&quot;ets&quot;] = {&quot;Yekhee&quot;},
	[&quot;ett&quot;] = {&quot;Etruscan&quot;},
	[&quot;etu&quot;] = {&quot;Ejagham&quot;},
	[&quot;etx&quot;] = {&quot;Eten&quot;},
	[&quot;etz&quot;] = {&quot;Semimi&quot;},
	[&quot;eud&quot;] = {&quot;Eudeve&quot;},
	[&quot;euq&quot;] = {&quot;Basque (family)&quot;},
	[&quot;eve&quot;] = {&quot;Even&quot;},
	[&quot;evh&quot;] = {&quot;Uvbie&quot;},
	[&quot;evn&quot;] = {&quot;Evenki&quot;},
	[&quot;ewo&quot;] = {&quot;Ewondo&quot;},
	[&quot;ext&quot;] = {&quot;Extremaduran&quot;},
	[&quot;eya&quot;] = {&quot;Eyak&quot;},
	[&quot;eyo&quot;] = {&quot;Keiyo&quot;},
	[&quot;eza&quot;] = {&quot;Ezaa&quot;},
	[&quot;eze&quot;] = {&quot;Uzekwe&quot;},
	[&quot;faa&quot;] = {&quot;Fasu&quot;},
	[&quot;fab&quot;] = {&quot;Fa d'Ambu&quot;},
	[&quot;fad&quot;] = {&quot;Wagi&quot;},
	[&quot;faf&quot;] = {&quot;Fagani&quot;},
	[&quot;fag&quot;] = {&quot;Finongan&quot;},
	[&quot;fah&quot;] = {&quot;Baissa Fali&quot;},
	[&quot;fai&quot;] = {&quot;Faiwol&quot;},
	[&quot;faj&quot;] = {&quot;Faita&quot;},
	[&quot;fak&quot;] = {&quot;Fang (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;fal&quot;] = {&quot;South Fali&quot;},
	[&quot;fam&quot;] = {&quot;Fam&quot;},
	[&quot;fan&quot;] = {&quot;Fang (Equatorial Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;fap&quot;] = {&quot;Paloor&quot;},
	[&quot;far&quot;] = {&quot;Fataleka&quot;},
	[&quot;fat&quot;] = {&quot;Fanti&quot;},
	[&quot;fau&quot;] = {&quot;Fayu&quot;},
	[&quot;fax&quot;] = {&quot;Fala&quot;},
	[&quot;fay&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Fars&quot;},
	[&quot;faz&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Fars&quot;},
	[&quot;fbl&quot;] = {&quot;West Albay Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;fcs&quot;] = {&quot;Quebec Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;fer&quot;] = {&quot;Feroge&quot;},
	[&quot;ffi&quot;] = {&quot;Foia Foia&quot;},
	[&quot;ffm&quot;] = {&quot;Maasina Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fgr&quot;] = {&quot;Fongoro&quot;},
	[&quot;fia&quot;] = {&quot;Nobiin&quot;},
	[&quot;fie&quot;] = {&quot;Fyer&quot;},
	[&quot;fif&quot;] = {&quot;Faifi&quot;},
	[&quot;fil&quot;] = {&quot;Filipino&quot;, &quot;Pilipino&quot;},
	[&quot;fip&quot;] = {&quot;Fipa&quot;},
	[&quot;fir&quot;] = {&quot;Firan&quot;},
	[&quot;fit&quot;] = {&quot;Tornedalen Finnish&quot;, &quot;Meänkieli&quot;},
	[&quot;fiu&quot;] = {&quot;Finno-Ugrian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;fiw&quot;] = {&quot;Fiwaga&quot;},
	[&quot;fkk&quot;] = {&quot;Kirya-Konzəl&quot;},
	[&quot;fkv&quot;] = {&quot;Kven Finnish&quot;},
	[&quot;fla&quot;] = {&quot;Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille&quot;},
	[&quot;flh&quot;] = {&quot;Foau&quot;},
	[&quot;fli&quot;] = {&quot;Fali&quot;},
	[&quot;fll&quot;] = {&quot;North Fali&quot;},
	[&quot;fln&quot;] = {&quot;Flinders Island&quot;},
	[&quot;flr&quot;] = {&quot;Fuliiru&quot;},
	[&quot;fly&quot;] = {&quot;Flaaitaal&quot;, &quot;Tsotsitaal&quot;},
	[&quot;fmp&quot;] = {&quot;Fe'fe'&quot;},
	[&quot;fmu&quot;] = {&quot;Far Western Muria&quot;},
	[&quot;fnb&quot;] = {&quot;Fanbak&quot;},
	[&quot;fng&quot;] = {&quot;Fanagalo&quot;},
	[&quot;fni&quot;] = {&quot;Fania&quot;},
	[&quot;fod&quot;] = {&quot;Foodo&quot;},
	[&quot;foi&quot;] = {&quot;Foi&quot;},
	[&quot;fom&quot;] = {&quot;Foma&quot;},
	[&quot;fon&quot;] = {&quot;Fon&quot;},
	[&quot;for&quot;] = {&quot;Fore&quot;},
	[&quot;fos&quot;] = {&quot;Siraya&quot;},
	[&quot;fox&quot;] = {&quot;Formosan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;fpe&quot;] = {&quot;Fernando Po Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;fqs&quot;] = {&quot;Fas&quot;},
	[&quot;frc&quot;] = {&quot;Cajun French&quot;},
	[&quot;frd&quot;] = {&quot;Fordata&quot;},
	[&quot;frk&quot;] = {&quot;Frankish&quot;},
	[&quot;frm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle French (ca. 1400-1600)&quot;},
	[&quot;fro&quot;] = {&quot;Old French (842-ca. 1400)&quot;},
	[&quot;frp&quot;] = {&quot;Arpitan&quot;, &quot;Francoprovençal&quot;},
	[&quot;frq&quot;] = {&quot;Forak&quot;},
	[&quot;frr&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Frisian&quot;},
	[&quot;frs&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Frisian&quot;},
	[&quot;frt&quot;] = {&quot;Fortsenal&quot;},
	[&quot;fse&quot;] = {&quot;Finnish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;fsl&quot;] = {&quot;French Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;fss&quot;] = {&quot;Finland-Swedish Sign Language&quot;, &quot;finlandssvenskt teckenspråk&quot;, &quot;suomenruotsalainen viittomakieli&quot;},
	[&quot;fub&quot;] = {&quot;Adamawa Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fuc&quot;] = {&quot;Pulaar&quot;},
	[&quot;fud&quot;] = {&quot;East Futuna&quot;},
	[&quot;fue&quot;] = {&quot;Borgu Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fuf&quot;] = {&quot;Pular&quot;},
	[&quot;fuh&quot;] = {&quot;Western Niger Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fui&quot;] = {&quot;Bagirmi Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fuj&quot;] = {&quot;Ko&quot;},
	[&quot;fum&quot;] = {&quot;Fum&quot;},
	[&quot;fun&quot;] = {&quot;Fulniô&quot;},
	[&quot;fuq&quot;] = {&quot;Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fur&quot;] = {&quot;Friulian&quot;},
	[&quot;fut&quot;] = {&quot;Futuna-Aniwa&quot;},
	[&quot;fuu&quot;] = {&quot;Furu&quot;},
	[&quot;fuv&quot;] = {&quot;Nigerian Fulfulde&quot;},
	[&quot;fuy&quot;] = {&quot;Fuyug&quot;},
	[&quot;fvr&quot;] = {&quot;Fur&quot;},
	[&quot;fwa&quot;] = {&quot;Fwâi&quot;},
	[&quot;fwe&quot;] = {&quot;Fwe&quot;},
	[&quot;gaa&quot;] = {&quot;Ga&quot;},
	[&quot;gab&quot;] = {&quot;Gabri&quot;},
	[&quot;gac&quot;] = {&quot;Mixed Great Andamanese&quot;},
	[&quot;gad&quot;] = {&quot;Gaddang&quot;},
	[&quot;gae&quot;] = {&quot;Guarequena&quot;},
	[&quot;gaf&quot;] = {&quot;Gende&quot;},
	[&quot;gag&quot;] = {&quot;Gagauz&quot;},
	[&quot;gah&quot;] = {&quot;Alekano&quot;},
	[&quot;gai&quot;] = {&quot;Borei&quot;},
	[&quot;gaj&quot;] = {&quot;Gadsup&quot;},
	[&quot;gak&quot;] = {&quot;Gamkonora&quot;},
	[&quot;gal&quot;] = {&quot;Galolen&quot;},
	[&quot;gam&quot;] = {&quot;Kandawo&quot;},
	[&quot;gan&quot;] = {&quot;Gan Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;gao&quot;] = {&quot;Gants&quot;},
	[&quot;gap&quot;] = {&quot;Gal&quot;},
	[&quot;gaq&quot;] = {&quot;Gata'&quot;},
	[&quot;gar&quot;] = {&quot;Galeya&quot;},
	[&quot;gas&quot;] = {&quot;Adiwasi Garasia&quot;},
	[&quot;gat&quot;] = {&quot;Kenati&quot;},
	[&quot;gau&quot;] = {&quot;Mudhili Gadaba&quot;},
	[&quot;gaw&quot;] = {&quot;Nobonob&quot;},
	[&quot;gax&quot;] = {&quot;Borana-Arsi-Guji Oromo&quot;},
	[&quot;gay&quot;] = {&quot;Gayo&quot;},
	[&quot;gaz&quot;] = {&quot;West Central Oromo&quot;},
	[&quot;gba&quot;] = {&quot;Gbaya (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;gbb&quot;] = {&quot;Kaytetye&quot;},
	[&quot;gbd&quot;] = {&quot;Karajarri&quot;},
	[&quot;gbe&quot;] = {&quot;Niksek&quot;},
	[&quot;gbf&quot;] = {&quot;Gaikundi&quot;},
	[&quot;gbg&quot;] = {&quot;Gbanziri&quot;},
	[&quot;gbh&quot;] = {&quot;Defi Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;gbi&quot;] = {&quot;Galela&quot;},
	[&quot;gbj&quot;] = {&quot;Bodo Gadaba&quot;},
	[&quot;gbk&quot;] = {&quot;Gaddi&quot;},
	[&quot;gbl&quot;] = {&quot;Gamit&quot;},
	[&quot;gbm&quot;] = {&quot;Garhwali&quot;},
	[&quot;gbn&quot;] = {&quot;Mo'da&quot;},
	[&quot;gbo&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Grebo&quot;},
	[&quot;gbp&quot;] = {&quot;Gbaya-Bossangoa&quot;},
	[&quot;gbq&quot;] = {&quot;Gbaya-Bozoum&quot;},
	[&quot;gbr&quot;] = {&quot;Gbagyi&quot;},
	[&quot;gbs&quot;] = {&quot;Gbesi Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;gbu&quot;] = {&quot;Gagadu&quot;},
	[&quot;gbv&quot;] = {&quot;Gbanu&quot;},
	[&quot;gbw&quot;] = {&quot;Gabi-Gabi&quot;},
	[&quot;gbx&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Xwla Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;gby&quot;] = {&quot;Gbari&quot;},
	[&quot;gbz&quot;] = {&quot;Zoroastrian Dari&quot;},
	[&quot;gcc&quot;] = {&quot;Mali&quot;},
	[&quot;gcd&quot;] = {&quot;Ganggalida&quot;},
	[&quot;gce&quot;] = {&quot;Galice&quot;},
	[&quot;gcf&quot;] = {&quot;Guadeloupean Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;gcl&quot;] = {&quot;Grenadian Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;gcn&quot;] = {&quot;Gaina&quot;},
	[&quot;gcr&quot;] = {&quot;Guianese Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;gct&quot;] = {&quot;Colonia Tovar German&quot;},
	[&quot;gda&quot;] = {&quot;Gade Lohar&quot;},
	[&quot;gdb&quot;] = {&quot;Pottangi Ollar Gadaba&quot;},
	[&quot;gdc&quot;] = {&quot;Gugu Badhun&quot;},
	[&quot;gdd&quot;] = {&quot;Gedaged&quot;},
	[&quot;gde&quot;] = {&quot;Gude&quot;},
	[&quot;gdf&quot;] = {&quot;Guduf-Gava&quot;},
	[&quot;gdg&quot;] = {&quot;Ga'dang&quot;},
	[&quot;gdh&quot;] = {&quot;Gadjerawang&quot;, &quot;Gajirrabeng&quot;},
	[&quot;gdi&quot;] = {&quot;Gundi&quot;},
	[&quot;gdj&quot;] = {&quot;Gurdjar&quot;},
	[&quot;gdk&quot;] = {&quot;Gadang&quot;},
	[&quot;gdl&quot;] = {&quot;Dirasha&quot;},
	[&quot;gdm&quot;] = {&quot;Laal&quot;},
	[&quot;gdn&quot;] = {&quot;Umanakaina&quot;},
	[&quot;gdo&quot;] = {&quot;Ghodoberi&quot;},
	[&quot;gdq&quot;] = {&quot;Mehri&quot;},
	[&quot;gdr&quot;] = {&quot;Wipi&quot;},
	[&quot;gds&quot;] = {&quot;Ghandruk Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;gdt&quot;] = {&quot;Kungardutyi&quot;},
	[&quot;gdu&quot;] = {&quot;Gudu&quot;},
	[&quot;gdx&quot;] = {&quot;Godwari&quot;},
	[&quot;gea&quot;] = {&quot;Geruma&quot;},
	[&quot;geb&quot;] = {&quot;Kire&quot;},
	[&quot;gec&quot;] = {&quot;Gboloo Grebo&quot;},
	[&quot;ged&quot;] = {&quot;Gade&quot;},
	[&quot;gef&quot;] = {&quot;Gerai&quot;},
	[&quot;geg&quot;] = {&quot;Gengle&quot;},
	[&quot;geh&quot;] = {&quot;Hutterite German&quot;, &quot;Hutterisch&quot;},
	[&quot;gei&quot;] = {&quot;Gebe&quot;},
	[&quot;gej&quot;] = {&quot;Gen&quot;},
	[&quot;gek&quot;] = {&quot;Ywom&quot;},
	[&quot;gel&quot;] = {&quot;ut-Ma'in&quot;},
	[&quot;gem&quot;] = {&quot;Germanic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;geq&quot;] = {&quot;Geme&quot;},
	[&quot;ges&quot;] = {&quot;Geser-Gorom&quot;},
	[&quot;gev&quot;] = {&quot;Eviya&quot;},
	[&quot;gew&quot;] = {&quot;Gera&quot;},
	[&quot;gex&quot;] = {&quot;Garre&quot;},
	[&quot;gey&quot;] = {&quot;Enya&quot;},
	[&quot;gez&quot;] = {&quot;Geez&quot;},
	[&quot;gfk&quot;] = {&quot;Patpatar&quot;},
	[&quot;gft&quot;] = {&quot;Gafat&quot;},
	[&quot;gga&quot;] = {&quot;Gao&quot;},
	[&quot;ggb&quot;] = {&quot;Gbii&quot;},
	[&quot;ggd&quot;] = {&quot;Gugadj&quot;},
	[&quot;gge&quot;] = {&quot;Gurr-goni&quot;},
	[&quot;ggg&quot;] = {&quot;Gurgula&quot;},
	[&quot;ggk&quot;] = {&quot;Kungarakany&quot;},
	[&quot;ggl&quot;] = {&quot;Ganglau&quot;},
	[&quot;ggt&quot;] = {&quot;Gitua&quot;},
	[&quot;ggu&quot;] = {&quot;Gagu&quot;, &quot;Gban&quot;},
	[&quot;ggw&quot;] = {&quot;Gogodala&quot;},
	[&quot;gha&quot;] = {&quot;Ghadamès&quot;},
	[&quot;ghc&quot;] = {&quot;Hiberno-Scottish Gaelic&quot;},
	[&quot;ghe&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Ghale&quot;},
	[&quot;ghh&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Ghale&quot;},
	[&quot;ghk&quot;] = {&quot;Geko Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;ghl&quot;] = {&quot;Ghulfan&quot;},
	[&quot;ghn&quot;] = {&quot;Ghanongga&quot;},
	[&quot;gho&quot;] = {&quot;Ghomara&quot;},
	[&quot;ghr&quot;] = {&quot;Ghera&quot;},
	[&quot;ghs&quot;] = {&quot;Guhu-Samane&quot;},
	[&quot;ght&quot;] = {&quot;Kuke&quot;, &quot;Kutang Ghale&quot;},
	[&quot;gia&quot;] = {&quot;Kija&quot;},
	[&quot;gib&quot;] = {&quot;Gibanawa&quot;},
	[&quot;gic&quot;] = {&quot;Gail&quot;},
	[&quot;gid&quot;] = {&quot;Gidar&quot;},
	[&quot;gie&quot;] = {&quot;Gaɓogbo&quot;, &quot;Guébie&quot;},
	[&quot;gig&quot;] = {&quot;Goaria&quot;},
	[&quot;gih&quot;] = {&quot;Githabul&quot;},
	[&quot;gii&quot;] = {&quot;Girirra&quot;},
	[&quot;gil&quot;] = {&quot;Gilbertese&quot;},
	[&quot;gim&quot;] = {&quot;Gimi (Eastern Highlands)&quot;},
	[&quot;gin&quot;] = {&quot;Hinukh&quot;},
	[&quot;gip&quot;] = {&quot;Gimi (West New Britain)&quot;},
	[&quot;giq&quot;] = {&quot;Green Gelao&quot;},
	[&quot;gir&quot;] = {&quot;Red Gelao&quot;},
	[&quot;gis&quot;] = {&quot;North Giziga&quot;},
	[&quot;git&quot;] = {&quot;Gitxsan&quot;},
	[&quot;giu&quot;] = {&quot;Mulao&quot;},
	[&quot;giw&quot;] = {&quot;White Gelao&quot;},
	[&quot;gix&quot;] = {&quot;Gilima&quot;},
	[&quot;giy&quot;] = {&quot;Giyug&quot;},
	[&quot;giz&quot;] = {&quot;South Giziga&quot;},
	[&quot;gjk&quot;] = {&quot;Kachi Koli&quot;},
	[&quot;gjm&quot;] = {&quot;Gunditjmara&quot;},
	[&quot;gjn&quot;] = {&quot;Gonja&quot;},
	[&quot;gjr&quot;] = {&quot;Gurindji Kriol&quot;},
	[&quot;gju&quot;] = {&quot;Gujari&quot;},
	[&quot;gka&quot;] = {&quot;Guya&quot;},
	[&quot;gkd&quot;] = {&quot;Magɨ (Madang Province)&quot;},
	[&quot;gke&quot;] = {&quot;Ndai&quot;},
	[&quot;gkn&quot;] = {&quot;Gokana&quot;},
	[&quot;gko&quot;] = {&quot;Kok-Nar&quot;},
	[&quot;gkp&quot;] = {&quot;Guinea Kpelle&quot;},
	[&quot;gku&quot;] = {&quot;ǂUngkue&quot;},
	[&quot;glb&quot;] = {&quot;Belning&quot;},
	[&quot;glc&quot;] = {&quot;Bon Gula&quot;},
	[&quot;gld&quot;] = {&quot;Nanai&quot;},
	[&quot;glh&quot;] = {&quot;Northwest Pashai&quot;, &quot;Northwest Pashayi&quot;},
	[&quot;glj&quot;] = {&quot;Gula Iro&quot;},
	[&quot;glk&quot;] = {&quot;Gilaki&quot;},
	[&quot;gll&quot;] = {&quot;Garlali&quot;},
	[&quot;glo&quot;] = {&quot;Galambu&quot;},
	[&quot;glr&quot;] = {&quot;Glaro-Twabo&quot;},
	[&quot;glu&quot;] = {&quot;Gula (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;glw&quot;] = {&quot;Glavda&quot;},
	[&quot;gly&quot;] = {&quot;Gule&quot;},
	[&quot;gma&quot;] = {&quot;Gambera&quot;},
	[&quot;gmb&quot;] = {&quot;Gula'alaa&quot;},
	[&quot;gmd&quot;] = {&quot;Mághdì&quot;},
	[&quot;gme&quot;] = {&quot;East Germanic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;gmg&quot;] = {&quot;Magɨyi&quot;},
	[&quot;gmh&quot;] = {&quot;Middle High German (ca. 1050-1500)&quot;},
	[&quot;gml&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Low German&quot;},
	[&quot;gmm&quot;] = {&quot;Gbaya-Mbodomo&quot;},
	[&quot;gmn&quot;] = {&quot;Gimnime&quot;},
	[&quot;gmq&quot;] = {&quot;North Germanic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;gmr&quot;] = {&quot;Mirning&quot;, &quot;Mirniny&quot;},
	[&quot;gmu&quot;] = {&quot;Gumalu&quot;},
	[&quot;gmv&quot;] = {&quot;Gamo&quot;},
	[&quot;gmw&quot;] = {&quot;West Germanic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;gmx&quot;] = {&quot;Magoma&quot;},
	[&quot;gmy&quot;] = {&quot;Mycenaean Greek&quot;},
	[&quot;gmz&quot;] = {&quot;Mgbolizhia&quot;},
	[&quot;gna&quot;] = {&quot;Kaansa&quot;},
	[&quot;gnb&quot;] = {&quot;Gangte&quot;},
	[&quot;gnc&quot;] = {&quot;Guanche&quot;},
	[&quot;gnd&quot;] = {&quot;Zulgo-Gemzek&quot;},
	[&quot;gne&quot;] = {&quot;Ganang&quot;},
	[&quot;gng&quot;] = {&quot;Ngangam&quot;},
	[&quot;gnh&quot;] = {&quot;Lere&quot;},
	[&quot;gni&quot;] = {&quot;Gooniyandi&quot;},
	[&quot;gnj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngen&quot;},
	[&quot;gnk&quot;] = {&quot;ǁGana&quot;},
	[&quot;gnl&quot;] = {&quot;Gangulu&quot;},
	[&quot;gnm&quot;] = {&quot;Ginuman&quot;},
	[&quot;gnn&quot;] = {&quot;Gumatj&quot;},
	[&quot;gno&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;gnq&quot;] = {&quot;Gana&quot;},
	[&quot;gnr&quot;] = {&quot;Gureng Gureng&quot;},
	[&quot;gnt&quot;] = {&quot;Guntai&quot;},
	[&quot;gnu&quot;] = {&quot;Gnau&quot;},
	[&quot;gnw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Bolivian Guaraní&quot;},
	[&quot;gnz&quot;] = {&quot;Ganzi&quot;},
	[&quot;goa&quot;] = {&quot;Guro&quot;},
	[&quot;gob&quot;] = {&quot;Playero&quot;},
	[&quot;goc&quot;] = {&quot;Gorakor&quot;},
	[&quot;god&quot;] = {&quot;Godié&quot;},
	[&quot;goe&quot;] = {&quot;Gongduk&quot;},
	[&quot;gof&quot;] = {&quot;Gofa&quot;},
	[&quot;gog&quot;] = {&quot;Gogo&quot;},
	[&quot;goh&quot;] = {&quot;Old High German (ca. 750-1050)&quot;},
	[&quot;goi&quot;] = {&quot;Gobasi&quot;},
	[&quot;goj&quot;] = {&quot;Gowlan&quot;},
	[&quot;gok&quot;] = {&quot;Gowli&quot;},
	[&quot;gol&quot;] = {&quot;Gola&quot;},
	[&quot;gom&quot;] = {&quot;Goan Konkani&quot;},
	[&quot;gon&quot;] = {&quot;Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;goo&quot;] = {&quot;Gone Dau&quot;},
	[&quot;gop&quot;] = {&quot;Yeretuar&quot;},
	[&quot;goq&quot;] = {&quot;Gorap&quot;},
	[&quot;gor&quot;] = {&quot;Gorontalo&quot;},
	[&quot;gos&quot;] = {&quot;Gronings&quot;},
	[&quot;got&quot;] = {&quot;Gothic&quot;},
	[&quot;gou&quot;] = {&quot;Gavar&quot;},
	[&quot;gov&quot;] = {&quot;Goo&quot;},
	[&quot;gow&quot;] = {&quot;Gorowa&quot;},
	[&quot;gox&quot;] = {&quot;Gobu&quot;},
	[&quot;goy&quot;] = {&quot;Goundo&quot;},
	[&quot;goz&quot;] = {&quot;Gozarkhani&quot;},
	[&quot;gpa&quot;] = {&quot;Gupa-Abawa&quot;},
	[&quot;gpe&quot;] = {&quot;Ghanaian Pidgin English&quot;},
	[&quot;gpn&quot;] = {&quot;Taiap&quot;},
	[&quot;gqa&quot;] = {&quot;Ga'anda&quot;},
	[&quot;gqi&quot;] = {&quot;Guiqiong&quot;},
	[&quot;gqn&quot;] = {&quot;Guana (Brazil)&quot;},
	[&quot;gqr&quot;] = {&quot;Gor&quot;},
	[&quot;gqu&quot;] = {&quot;Qau&quot;},
	[&quot;gra&quot;] = {&quot;Rajput Garasia&quot;},
	[&quot;grb&quot;] = {&quot;Grebo&quot;},
	[&quot;grc&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Greek (to 1453)&quot;},
	[&quot;grd&quot;] = {&quot;Guruntum-Mbaaru&quot;},
	[&quot;grg&quot;] = {&quot;Madi&quot;},
	[&quot;grh&quot;] = {&quot;Gbiri-Niragu&quot;},
	[&quot;gri&quot;] = {&quot;Ghari&quot;},
	[&quot;grj&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Grebo&quot;},
	[&quot;grk&quot;] = {&quot;Greek languages&quot;},
	[&quot;grm&quot;] = {&quot;Kota Marudu Talantang&quot;},
	[&quot;gro&quot;] = {&quot;Groma&quot;},
	[&quot;grq&quot;] = {&quot;Gorovu&quot;},
	[&quot;grr&quot;] = {&quot;Taznatit&quot;},
	[&quot;grs&quot;] = {&quot;Gresi&quot;},
	[&quot;grt&quot;] = {&quot;Garo&quot;},
	[&quot;gru&quot;] = {&quot;Kistane&quot;},
	[&quot;grv&quot;] = {&quot;Central Grebo&quot;},
	[&quot;grw&quot;] = {&quot;Gweda&quot;},
	[&quot;grx&quot;] = {&quot;Guriaso&quot;},
	[&quot;gry&quot;] = {&quot;Barclayville Grebo&quot;},
	[&quot;grz&quot;] = {&quot;Guramalum&quot;},
	[&quot;gse&quot;] = {&quot;Ghanaian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;gsg&quot;] = {&quot;German Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;gsl&quot;] = {&quot;Gusilay&quot;},
	[&quot;gsm&quot;] = {&quot;Guatemalan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;gsn&quot;] = {&quot;Nema&quot;, &quot;Gusan&quot;},
	[&quot;gso&quot;] = {&quot;Southwest Gbaya&quot;},
	[&quot;gsp&quot;] = {&quot;Wasembo&quot;},
	[&quot;gss&quot;] = {&quot;Greek Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;gsw&quot;] = {&quot;Swiss German&quot;, &quot;Alemannic&quot;, &quot;Alsatian&quot;},
	[&quot;gta&quot;] = {&quot;Guató&quot;},
	[&quot;gtu&quot;] = {&quot;Aghu-Tharnggala&quot;},
	[&quot;gua&quot;] = {&quot;Shiki&quot;},
	[&quot;gub&quot;] = {&quot;Guajajára&quot;},
	[&quot;guc&quot;] = {&quot;Wayuu&quot;},
	[&quot;gud&quot;] = {&quot;Yocoboué Dida&quot;},
	[&quot;gue&quot;] = {&quot;Gurindji&quot;},
	[&quot;guf&quot;] = {&quot;Gupapuyngu&quot;},
	[&quot;gug&quot;] = {&quot;Paraguayan Guaraní&quot;},
	[&quot;guh&quot;] = {&quot;Guahibo&quot;},
	[&quot;gui&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Bolivian Guaraní&quot;},
	[&quot;guk&quot;] = {&quot;Gumuz&quot;},
	[&quot;gul&quot;] = {&quot;Sea Island Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;gum&quot;] = {&quot;Guambiano&quot;},
	[&quot;gun&quot;] = {&quot;Mbyá Guaraní&quot;},
	[&quot;guo&quot;] = {&quot;Guayabero&quot;},
	[&quot;gup&quot;] = {&quot;Gunwinggu&quot;},
	[&quot;guq&quot;] = {&quot;Aché&quot;},
	[&quot;gur&quot;] = {&quot;Farefare&quot;},
	[&quot;gus&quot;] = {&quot;Guinean Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;gut&quot;] = {&quot;Maléku Jaíka&quot;},
	[&quot;guu&quot;] = {&quot;Yanomamö&quot;},
	[&quot;guw&quot;] = {&quot;Gun&quot;},
	[&quot;gux&quot;] = {&quot;Gourmanchéma&quot;},
	[&quot;guz&quot;] = {&quot;Gusii&quot;, &quot;Ekegusii&quot;},
	[&quot;gva&quot;] = {&quot;Guana (Paraguay)&quot;},
	[&quot;gvc&quot;] = {&quot;Guanano&quot;},
	[&quot;gve&quot;] = {&quot;Duwet&quot;},
	[&quot;gvf&quot;] = {&quot;Golin&quot;},
	[&quot;gvj&quot;] = {&quot;Guajá&quot;},
	[&quot;gvl&quot;] = {&quot;Gulay&quot;},
	[&quot;gvm&quot;] = {&quot;Gurmana&quot;},
	[&quot;gvn&quot;] = {&quot;Kuku-Yalanji&quot;},
	[&quot;gvo&quot;] = {&quot;Gavião Do Jiparaná&quot;},
	[&quot;gvp&quot;] = {&quot;Pará Gavião&quot;},
	[&quot;gvr&quot;] = {&quot;Gurung&quot;},
	[&quot;gvs&quot;] = {&quot;Gumawana&quot;},
	[&quot;gvy&quot;] = {&quot;Guyani&quot;},
	[&quot;gwa&quot;] = {&quot;Mbato&quot;},
	[&quot;gwb&quot;] = {&quot;Gwa&quot;},
	[&quot;gwc&quot;] = {&quot;Gawri&quot;, &quot;Kalami&quot;},
	[&quot;gwd&quot;] = {&quot;Gawwada&quot;},
	[&quot;gwe&quot;] = {&quot;Gweno&quot;},
	[&quot;gwf&quot;] = {&quot;Gowro&quot;},
	[&quot;gwg&quot;] = {&quot;Moo&quot;},
	[&quot;gwi&quot;] = {&quot;Gwichʼin&quot;},
	[&quot;gwj&quot;] = {&quot;ǀGwi&quot;},
	[&quot;gwm&quot;] = {&quot;Awngthim&quot;},
	[&quot;gwn&quot;] = {&quot;Gwandara&quot;},
	[&quot;gwr&quot;] = {&quot;Gwere&quot;},
	[&quot;gwt&quot;] = {&quot;Gawar-Bati&quot;},
	[&quot;gwu&quot;] = {&quot;Guwamu&quot;},
	[&quot;gww&quot;] = {&quot;Kwini&quot;},
	[&quot;gwx&quot;] = {&quot;Gua&quot;},
	[&quot;gxx&quot;] = {&quot;Wè Southern&quot;},
	[&quot;gya&quot;] = {&quot;Northwest Gbaya&quot;},
	[&quot;gyb&quot;] = {&quot;Garus&quot;},
	[&quot;gyd&quot;] = {&quot;Kayardild&quot;},
	[&quot;gye&quot;] = {&quot;Gyem&quot;},
	[&quot;gyf&quot;] = {&quot;Gungabula&quot;},
	[&quot;gyg&quot;] = {&quot;Gbayi&quot;},
	[&quot;gyi&quot;] = {&quot;Gyele&quot;},
	[&quot;gyl&quot;] = {&quot;Gayil&quot;},
	[&quot;gym&quot;] = {&quot;Ngäbere&quot;},
	[&quot;gyn&quot;] = {&quot;Guyanese Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;gyo&quot;] = {&quot;Gyalsumdo&quot;},
	[&quot;gyr&quot;] = {&quot;Guarayu&quot;},
	[&quot;gyy&quot;] = {&quot;Gunya&quot;},
	[&quot;gyz&quot;] = {&quot;Geji&quot;, &quot;Gyaazi&quot;},
	[&quot;gza&quot;] = {&quot;Ganza&quot;},
	[&quot;gzi&quot;] = {&quot;Gazi&quot;},
	[&quot;gzn&quot;] = {&quot;Gane&quot;},
	[&quot;haa&quot;] = {&quot;Hän&quot;},
	[&quot;hab&quot;] = {&quot;Hanoi Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hac&quot;] = {&quot;Gurani&quot;},
	[&quot;had&quot;] = {&quot;Hatam&quot;},
	[&quot;hae&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Oromo&quot;},
	[&quot;haf&quot;] = {&quot;Haiphong Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hag&quot;] = {&quot;Hanga&quot;},
	[&quot;hah&quot;] = {&quot;Hahon&quot;},
	[&quot;hai&quot;] = {&quot;Haida&quot;},
	[&quot;haj&quot;] = {&quot;Hajong&quot;},
	[&quot;hak&quot;] = {&quot;Hakka Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;hal&quot;] = {&quot;Halang&quot;},
	[&quot;ham&quot;] = {&quot;Hewa&quot;},
	[&quot;han&quot;] = {&quot;Hangaza&quot;},
	[&quot;hao&quot;] = {&quot;Hakö&quot;},
	[&quot;hap&quot;] = {&quot;Hupla&quot;},
	[&quot;haq&quot;] = {&quot;Ha&quot;},
	[&quot;har&quot;] = {&quot;Harari&quot;},
	[&quot;has&quot;] = {&quot;Haisla&quot;},
	[&quot;hav&quot;] = {&quot;Havu&quot;},
	[&quot;haw&quot;] = {&quot;Hawaiian&quot;},
	[&quot;hax&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Haida&quot;},
	[&quot;hay&quot;] = {&quot;Haya&quot;},
	[&quot;haz&quot;] = {&quot;Hazaragi&quot;},
	[&quot;hba&quot;] = {&quot;Hamba&quot;},
	[&quot;hbb&quot;] = {&quot;Huba&quot;},
	[&quot;hbn&quot;] = {&quot;Heiban&quot;},
	[&quot;hbo&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Hebrew&quot;},
	[&quot;hbu&quot;] = {&quot;Habu&quot;},
	[&quot;hca&quot;] = {&quot;Andaman Creole Hindi&quot;},
	[&quot;hch&quot;] = {&quot;Huichol&quot;},
	[&quot;hdn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Haida&quot;},
	[&quot;hds&quot;] = {&quot;Honduras Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hdy&quot;] = {&quot;Hadiyya&quot;},
	[&quot;hea&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Qiandong Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hed&quot;] = {&quot;Herdé&quot;},
	[&quot;heg&quot;] = {&quot;Helong&quot;},
	[&quot;heh&quot;] = {&quot;Hehe&quot;},
	[&quot;hei&quot;] = {&quot;Heiltsuk&quot;},
	[&quot;hem&quot;] = {&quot;Hemba&quot;},
	[&quot;hgm&quot;] = {&quot;Haiǁom&quot;},
	[&quot;hgw&quot;] = {&quot;Haigwai&quot;},
	[&quot;hhi&quot;] = {&quot;Hoia Hoia&quot;},
	[&quot;hhr&quot;] = {&quot;Kerak&quot;},
	[&quot;hhy&quot;] = {&quot;Hoyahoya&quot;},
	[&quot;hia&quot;] = {&quot;Lamang&quot;},
	[&quot;hib&quot;] = {&quot;Hibito&quot;},
	[&quot;hid&quot;] = {&quot;Hidatsa&quot;},
	[&quot;hif&quot;] = {&quot;Fiji Hindi&quot;},
	[&quot;hig&quot;] = {&quot;Kamwe&quot;},
	[&quot;hih&quot;] = {&quot;Pamosu&quot;},
	[&quot;hii&quot;] = {&quot;Hinduri&quot;},
	[&quot;hij&quot;] = {&quot;Hijuk&quot;},
	[&quot;hik&quot;] = {&quot;Seit-Kaitetu&quot;},
	[&quot;hil&quot;] = {&quot;Hiligaynon&quot;},
	[&quot;him&quot;] = {&quot;Himachali languages&quot;, &quot;Western Pahari languages&quot;},
	[&quot;hio&quot;] = {&quot;Tsoa&quot;},
	[&quot;hir&quot;] = {&quot;Himarimã&quot;},
	[&quot;hit&quot;] = {&quot;Hittite&quot;},
	[&quot;hiw&quot;] = {&quot;Hiw&quot;},
	[&quot;hix&quot;] = {&quot;Hixkaryána&quot;},
	[&quot;hji&quot;] = {&quot;Haji&quot;},
	[&quot;hka&quot;] = {&quot;Kahe&quot;},
	[&quot;hke&quot;] = {&quot;Hunde&quot;},
	[&quot;hkh&quot;] = {&quot;Khah&quot;, &quot;Poguli&quot;},
	[&quot;hkk&quot;] = {&quot;Hunjara-Kaina Ke&quot;},
	[&quot;hkn&quot;] = {&quot;Mel-Khaonh&quot;},
	[&quot;hks&quot;] = {&quot;Hong Kong Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Heung Kong Sau Yue&quot;},
	[&quot;hla&quot;] = {&quot;Halia&quot;},
	[&quot;hlb&quot;] = {&quot;Halbi&quot;},
	[&quot;hld&quot;] = {&quot;Halang Doan&quot;},
	[&quot;hle&quot;] = {&quot;Hlersu&quot;},
	[&quot;hlt&quot;] = {&quot;Matu Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;hlu&quot;] = {&quot;Hieroglyphic Luwian&quot;},
	[&quot;hma&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Mashan Hmong&quot;, &quot;Southern Mashan Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmb&quot;] = {&quot;Humburi Senni Songhay&quot;},
	[&quot;hmc&quot;] = {&quot;Central Huishui Hmong&quot;, &quot;Central Huishui Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmd&quot;] = {&quot;Large Flowery Miao&quot;, &quot;A-hmaos&quot;, &quot;Da-Hua Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hme&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Huishui Hmong&quot;, &quot;Eastern Huishui Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmf&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong Don&quot;},
	[&quot;hmg&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Guiyang Hmong&quot;},
	[&quot;hmh&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Huishui Hmong&quot;, &quot;Southwestern Huishui Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmi&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Huishui Hmong&quot;, &quot;Northern Huishui Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmj&quot;] = {&quot;Ge&quot;, &quot;Gejia&quot;},
	[&quot;hmk&quot;] = {&quot;Maek&quot;},
	[&quot;hml&quot;] = {&quot;Luopohe Hmong&quot;, &quot;Luopohe Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmm&quot;] = {&quot;Central Mashan Hmong&quot;, &quot;Central Mashan Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmn&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong&quot;, &quot;Mong&quot;},
	[&quot;hmp&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Mashan Hmong&quot;, &quot;Northern Mashan Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmq&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Qiandong Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmr&quot;] = {&quot;Hmar&quot;},
	[&quot;hms&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Qiandong Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmt&quot;] = {&quot;Hamtai&quot;},
	[&quot;hmu&quot;] = {&quot;Hamap&quot;},
	[&quot;hmv&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong Dô&quot;},
	[&quot;hmw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Mashan Hmong&quot;, &quot;Western Mashan Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmx&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong-Mien languages&quot;},
	[&quot;hmy&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Guiyang Hmong&quot;, &quot;Southern Guiyang Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hmz&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong Shua&quot;, &quot;Sinicized Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hna&quot;] = {&quot;Mina (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;hnd&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Hindko&quot;},
	[&quot;hne&quot;] = {&quot;Chhattisgarhi&quot;},
	[&quot;hng&quot;] = {&quot;Hungu&quot;},
	[&quot;hnh&quot;] = {&quot;ǁAni&quot;},
	[&quot;hni&quot;] = {&quot;Hani&quot;},
	[&quot;hnj&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong Njua&quot;, &quot;Mong Leng&quot;, &quot;Mong Njua&quot;},
	[&quot;hnm&quot;] = {&quot;Hainanese&quot;},
	[&quot;hnn&quot;] = {&quot;Hanunoo&quot;},
	[&quot;hno&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Hindko&quot;},
	[&quot;hns&quot;] = {&quot;Caribbean Hindustani&quot;},
	[&quot;hnu&quot;] = {&quot;Hung&quot;},
	[&quot;hoa&quot;] = {&quot;Hoava&quot;},
	[&quot;hob&quot;] = {&quot;Mari (Madang Province)&quot;},
	[&quot;hoc&quot;] = {&quot;Ho&quot;},
	[&quot;hod&quot;] = {&quot;Holma&quot;},
	[&quot;hoe&quot;] = {&quot;Horom&quot;},
	[&quot;hoh&quot;] = {&quot;Hobyót&quot;},
	[&quot;hoi&quot;] = {&quot;Holikachuk&quot;},
	[&quot;hoj&quot;] = {&quot;Hadothi&quot;, &quot;Haroti&quot;},
	[&quot;hok&quot;] = {&quot;Hokan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;hol&quot;] = {&quot;Holu&quot;},
	[&quot;hom&quot;] = {&quot;Homa&quot;},
	[&quot;hoo&quot;] = {&quot;Holoholo&quot;},
	[&quot;hop&quot;] = {&quot;Hopi&quot;},
	[&quot;hor&quot;] = {&quot;Horo&quot;},
	[&quot;hos&quot;] = {&quot;Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hot&quot;] = {&quot;Hote&quot;, &quot;Malê&quot;},
	[&quot;hov&quot;] = {&quot;Hovongan&quot;},
	[&quot;how&quot;] = {&quot;Honi&quot;},
	[&quot;hoy&quot;] = {&quot;Holiya&quot;},
	[&quot;hoz&quot;] = {&quot;Hozo&quot;},
	[&quot;hpo&quot;] = {&quot;Hpon&quot;},
	[&quot;hps&quot;] = {&quot;Hawai'i Sign Language (HSL)&quot;, &quot;Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hra&quot;] = {&quot;Hrangkhol&quot;},
	[&quot;hrc&quot;] = {&quot;Niwer Mil&quot;},
	[&quot;hre&quot;] = {&quot;Hre&quot;},
	[&quot;hrk&quot;] = {&quot;Haruku&quot;},
	[&quot;hrm&quot;] = {&quot;Horned Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;hro&quot;] = {&quot;Haroi&quot;},
	[&quot;hrp&quot;] = {&quot;Nhirrpi&quot;},
	[&quot;hrt&quot;] = {&quot;Hértevin&quot;},
	[&quot;hru&quot;] = {&quot;Hruso&quot;},
	[&quot;hrw&quot;] = {&quot;Warwar Feni&quot;},
	[&quot;hrx&quot;] = {&quot;Hunsrik&quot;},
	[&quot;hrz&quot;] = {&quot;Harzani&quot;},
	[&quot;hsb&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Sorbian&quot;},
	[&quot;hsh&quot;] = {&quot;Hungarian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hsl&quot;] = {&quot;Hausa Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hsn&quot;] = {&quot;Xiang Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;hss&quot;] = {&quot;Harsusi&quot;},
	[&quot;hti&quot;] = {&quot;Hoti&quot;},
	[&quot;hto&quot;] = {&quot;Minica Huitoto&quot;},
	[&quot;hts&quot;] = {&quot;Hadza&quot;},
	[&quot;htu&quot;] = {&quot;Hitu&quot;},
	[&quot;htx&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Hittite&quot;},
	[&quot;hub&quot;] = {&quot;Huambisa&quot;},
	[&quot;huc&quot;] = {&quot;ǂHua&quot;, &quot;ǂʼAmkhoe&quot;},
	[&quot;hud&quot;] = {&quot;Huaulu&quot;},
	[&quot;hue&quot;] = {&quot;San Francisco Del Mar Huave&quot;},
	[&quot;huf&quot;] = {&quot;Humene&quot;},
	[&quot;hug&quot;] = {&quot;Huachipaeri&quot;},
	[&quot;huh&quot;] = {&quot;Huilliche&quot;},
	[&quot;hui&quot;] = {&quot;Huli&quot;},
	[&quot;huj&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Guiyang Hmong&quot;, &quot;Northern Guiyang Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;huk&quot;] = {&quot;Hulung&quot;},
	[&quot;hul&quot;] = {&quot;Hula&quot;},
	[&quot;hum&quot;] = {&quot;Hungana&quot;},
	[&quot;huo&quot;] = {&quot;Hu&quot;},
	[&quot;hup&quot;] = {&quot;Hupa&quot;},
	[&quot;huq&quot;] = {&quot;Tsat&quot;},
	[&quot;hur&quot;] = {&quot;Halkomelem&quot;},
	[&quot;hus&quot;] = {&quot;Huastec&quot;},
	[&quot;hut&quot;] = {&quot;Humla&quot;},
	[&quot;huu&quot;] = {&quot;Murui Huitoto&quot;},
	[&quot;huv&quot;] = {&quot;San Mateo Del Mar Huave&quot;},
	[&quot;huw&quot;] = {&quot;Hukumina&quot;},
	[&quot;hux&quot;] = {&quot;Nüpode Huitoto&quot;},
	[&quot;huy&quot;] = {&quot;Hulaulá&quot;},
	[&quot;huz&quot;] = {&quot;Hunzib&quot;},
	[&quot;hvc&quot;] = {&quot;Haitian Vodoun Culture Language&quot;},
	[&quot;hve&quot;] = {&quot;San Dionisio Del Mar Huave&quot;},
	[&quot;hvk&quot;] = {&quot;Haveke&quot;},
	[&quot;hvn&quot;] = {&quot;Sabu&quot;},
	[&quot;hvv&quot;] = {&quot;Santa María Del Mar Huave&quot;},
	[&quot;hwa&quot;] = {&quot;Wané&quot;},
	[&quot;hwc&quot;] = {&quot;Hawai'i Creole English&quot;, &quot;Hawai'i Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;hwo&quot;] = {&quot;Hwana&quot;},
	[&quot;hya&quot;] = {&quot;Hya&quot;},
	[&quot;hyw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Armenian&quot;},
	[&quot;hyx&quot;] = {&quot;Armenian (family)&quot;},
	[&quot;iai&quot;] = {&quot;Iaai&quot;},
	[&quot;ian&quot;] = {&quot;Iatmul&quot;},
	[&quot;iar&quot;] = {&quot;Purari&quot;},
	[&quot;iba&quot;] = {&quot;Iban&quot;},
	[&quot;ibb&quot;] = {&quot;Ibibio&quot;},
	[&quot;ibd&quot;] = {&quot;Iwaidja&quot;},
	[&quot;ibe&quot;] = {&quot;Akpes&quot;},
	[&quot;ibg&quot;] = {&quot;Ibanag&quot;},
	[&quot;ibh&quot;] = {&quot;Bih&quot;},
	[&quot;ibl&quot;] = {&quot;Ibaloi&quot;},
	[&quot;ibm&quot;] = {&quot;Agoi&quot;},
	[&quot;ibn&quot;] = {&quot;Ibino&quot;},
	[&quot;ibr&quot;] = {&quot;Ibuoro&quot;},
	[&quot;ibu&quot;] = {&quot;Ibu&quot;},
	[&quot;iby&quot;] = {&quot;Ibani&quot;},
	[&quot;ica&quot;] = {&quot;Ede Ica&quot;},
	[&quot;ich&quot;] = {&quot;Etkywan&quot;},
	[&quot;icl&quot;] = {&quot;Icelandic Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;icr&quot;] = {&quot;Islander Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;ida&quot;] = {&quot;Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki&quot;, &quot;Luidakho-Luisukha-Lutirichi&quot;},
	[&quot;idb&quot;] = {&quot;Indo-Portuguese&quot;},
	[&quot;idc&quot;] = {&quot;Idon&quot;, &quot;Ajiya&quot;},
	[&quot;idd&quot;] = {&quot;Ede Idaca&quot;},
	[&quot;ide&quot;] = {&quot;Idere&quot;},
	[&quot;idi&quot;] = {&quot;Idi&quot;},
	[&quot;idr&quot;] = {&quot;Indri&quot;},
	[&quot;ids&quot;] = {&quot;Idesa&quot;},
	[&quot;idt&quot;] = {&quot;Idaté&quot;},
	[&quot;idu&quot;] = {&quot;Idoma&quot;},
	[&quot;ifa&quot;] = {&quot;Amganad Ifugao&quot;},
	[&quot;ifb&quot;] = {&quot;Batad Ifugao&quot;, &quot;Ayangan Ifugao&quot;},
	[&quot;ife&quot;] = {&quot;Ifè&quot;},
	[&quot;iff&quot;] = {&quot;Ifo&quot;},
	[&quot;ifk&quot;] = {&quot;Tuwali Ifugao&quot;},
	[&quot;ifm&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Fuumu&quot;},
	[&quot;ifu&quot;] = {&quot;Mayoyao Ifugao&quot;},
	[&quot;ify&quot;] = {&quot;Keley-I Kallahan&quot;},
	[&quot;igb&quot;] = {&quot;Ebira&quot;},
	[&quot;ige&quot;] = {&quot;Igede&quot;},
	[&quot;igg&quot;] = {&quot;Igana&quot;},
	[&quot;igl&quot;] = {&quot;Igala&quot;},
	[&quot;igm&quot;] = {&quot;Kanggape&quot;},
	[&quot;ign&quot;] = {&quot;Ignaciano&quot;},
	[&quot;igo&quot;] = {&quot;Isebe&quot;},
	[&quot;igs&quot;] = {&quot;Interglossa&quot;},
	[&quot;igw&quot;] = {&quot;Igwe&quot;},
	[&quot;ihb&quot;] = {&quot;Iha Based Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;ihi&quot;] = {&quot;Ihievbe&quot;},
	[&quot;ihp&quot;] = {&quot;Iha&quot;},
	[&quot;ihw&quot;] = {&quot;Bidhawal&quot;},
	[&quot;iin&quot;] = {&quot;Thiin&quot;},
	[&quot;iir&quot;] = {&quot;Indo-Iranian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ijc&quot;] = {&quot;Izon&quot;},
	[&quot;ije&quot;] = {&quot;Biseni&quot;},
	[&quot;ijj&quot;] = {&quot;Ede Ije&quot;},
	[&quot;ijn&quot;] = {&quot;Kalabari&quot;},
	[&quot;ijo&quot;] = {&quot;Ijo languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ijs&quot;] = {&quot;Southeast Ijo&quot;},
	[&quot;ike&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Canadian Inuktitut&quot;},
	[&quot;ikh&quot;] = {&quot;Ikhin-Arokho&quot;},
	[&quot;iki&quot;] = {&quot;Iko&quot;},
	[&quot;ikk&quot;] = {&quot;Ika&quot;},
	[&quot;ikl&quot;] = {&quot;Ikulu&quot;},
	[&quot;iko&quot;] = {&quot;Olulumo-Ikom&quot;},
	[&quot;ikp&quot;] = {&quot;Ikpeshi&quot;},
	[&quot;ikr&quot;] = {&quot;Ikaranggal&quot;},
	[&quot;iks&quot;] = {&quot;Inuit Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ikt&quot;] = {&quot;Inuinnaqtun&quot;, &quot;Western Canadian Inuktitut&quot;},
	[&quot;ikv&quot;] = {&quot;Iku-Gora-Ankwa&quot;},
	[&quot;ikw&quot;] = {&quot;Ikwere&quot;},
	[&quot;ikx&quot;] = {&quot;Ik&quot;},
	[&quot;ikz&quot;] = {&quot;Ikizu&quot;},
	[&quot;ila&quot;] = {&quot;Ile Ape&quot;},
	[&quot;ilb&quot;] = {&quot;Ila&quot;},
	[&quot;ilg&quot;] = {&quot;Garig-Ilgar&quot;},
	[&quot;ili&quot;] = {&quot;Ili Turki&quot;},
	[&quot;ilk&quot;] = {&quot;Ilongot&quot;},
	[&quot;ilm&quot;] = {&quot;Iranun (Malaysia)&quot;},
	[&quot;ilo&quot;] = {&quot;Iloko&quot;},
	[&quot;ilp&quot;] = {&quot;Iranun (Philippines)&quot;},
	[&quot;ils&quot;] = {&quot;International Sign&quot;},
	[&quot;ilu&quot;] = {&quot;Ili'uun&quot;},
	[&quot;ilv&quot;] = {&quot;Ilue&quot;},
	[&quot;ima&quot;] = {&quot;Mala Malasar&quot;},
	[&quot;imi&quot;] = {&quot;Anamgura&quot;},
	[&quot;iml&quot;] = {&quot;Miluk&quot;},
	[&quot;imn&quot;] = {&quot;Imonda&quot;},
	[&quot;imo&quot;] = {&quot;Imbongu&quot;},
	[&quot;imr&quot;] = {&quot;Imroing&quot;},
	[&quot;ims&quot;] = {&quot;Marsian&quot;},
	[&quot;imt&quot;] = {&quot;Imotong&quot;},
	[&quot;imy&quot;] = {&quot;Milyan&quot;},
	[&quot;inb&quot;] = {&quot;Inga&quot;},
	[&quot;inc&quot;] = {&quot;Indic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ine&quot;] = {&quot;Indo-European languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ing&quot;] = {&quot;Degexit'an&quot;},
	[&quot;inh&quot;] = {&quot;Ingush&quot;},
	[&quot;inj&quot;] = {&quot;Jungle Inga&quot;},
	[&quot;inl&quot;] = {&quot;Indonesian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;inm&quot;] = {&quot;Minaean&quot;},
	[&quot;inn&quot;] = {&quot;Isinai&quot;},
	[&quot;ino&quot;] = {&quot;Inoke-Yate&quot;},
	[&quot;inp&quot;] = {&quot;Iñapari&quot;},
	[&quot;ins&quot;] = {&quot;Indian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;int&quot;] = {&quot;Intha&quot;},
	[&quot;inz&quot;] = {&quot;Ineseño&quot;},
	[&quot;ior&quot;] = {&quot;Inor&quot;},
	[&quot;iou&quot;] = {&quot;Tuma-Irumu&quot;},
	[&quot;iow&quot;] = {&quot;Iowa-Oto&quot;},
	[&quot;ipi&quot;] = {&quot;Ipili&quot;},
	[&quot;ipo&quot;] = {&quot;Ipiko&quot;},
	[&quot;iqu&quot;] = {&quot;Iquito&quot;},
	[&quot;iqw&quot;] = {&quot;Ikwo&quot;},
	[&quot;ira&quot;] = {&quot;Iranian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ire&quot;] = {&quot;Iresim&quot;},
	[&quot;irh&quot;] = {&quot;Irarutu&quot;},
	[&quot;iri&quot;] = {&quot;Rigwe&quot;, &quot;Irigwe&quot;},
	[&quot;irk&quot;] = {&quot;Iraqw&quot;},
	[&quot;irn&quot;] = {&quot;Irántxe&quot;},
	[&quot;iro&quot;] = {&quot;Iroquoian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;irr&quot;] = {&quot;Ir&quot;},
	[&quot;iru&quot;] = {&quot;Irula&quot;},
	[&quot;irx&quot;] = {&quot;Kamberau&quot;},
	[&quot;iry&quot;] = {&quot;Iraya&quot;},
	[&quot;isa&quot;] = {&quot;Isabi&quot;},
	[&quot;isc&quot;] = {&quot;Isconahua&quot;},
	[&quot;isd&quot;] = {&quot;Isnag&quot;},
	[&quot;ise&quot;] = {&quot;Italian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;isg&quot;] = {&quot;Irish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ish&quot;] = {&quot;Esan&quot;},
	[&quot;isi&quot;] = {&quot;Nkem-Nkum&quot;},
	[&quot;isk&quot;] = {&quot;Ishkashimi&quot;},
	[&quot;ism&quot;] = {&quot;Masimasi&quot;},
	[&quot;isn&quot;] = {&quot;Isanzu&quot;},
	[&quot;iso&quot;] = {&quot;Isoko&quot;},
	[&quot;isr&quot;] = {&quot;Israeli Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ist&quot;] = {&quot;Istriot&quot;},
	[&quot;isu&quot;] = {&quot;Isu (Menchum Division)&quot;},
	[&quot;isv&quot;] = {&quot;Interslavic&quot;},
	[&quot;itb&quot;] = {&quot;Binongan Itneg&quot;},
	[&quot;itc&quot;] = {&quot;Italic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;itd&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Tidung&quot;},
	[&quot;ite&quot;] = {&quot;Itene&quot;},
	[&quot;iti&quot;] = {&quot;Inlaod Itneg&quot;},
	[&quot;itk&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Italian&quot;},
	[&quot;itl&quot;] = {&quot;Itelmen&quot;},
	[&quot;itm&quot;] = {&quot;Itu Mbon Uzo&quot;},
	[&quot;ito&quot;] = {&quot;Itonama&quot;},
	[&quot;itr&quot;] = {&quot;Iteri&quot;},
	[&quot;its&quot;] = {&quot;Isekiri&quot;},
	[&quot;itt&quot;] = {&quot;Maeng Itneg&quot;},
	[&quot;itv&quot;] = {&quot;Itawit&quot;},
	[&quot;itw&quot;] = {&quot;Ito&quot;},
	[&quot;itx&quot;] = {&quot;Itik&quot;},
	[&quot;ity&quot;] = {&quot;Moyadan Itneg&quot;},
	[&quot;itz&quot;] = {&quot;Itzá&quot;},
	[&quot;ium&quot;] = {&quot;Iu Mien&quot;},
	[&quot;ivb&quot;] = {&quot;Ibatan&quot;},
	[&quot;ivv&quot;] = {&quot;Ivatan&quot;},
	[&quot;iwk&quot;] = {&quot;I-Wak&quot;},
	[&quot;iwm&quot;] = {&quot;Iwam&quot;},
	[&quot;iwo&quot;] = {&quot;Iwur&quot;},
	[&quot;iws&quot;] = {&quot;Sepik Iwam&quot;},
	[&quot;ixc&quot;] = {&quot;Ixcatec&quot;},
	[&quot;ixl&quot;] = {&quot;Ixil&quot;},
	[&quot;iya&quot;] = {&quot;Iyayu&quot;},
	[&quot;iyo&quot;] = {&quot;Mesaka&quot;},
	[&quot;iyx&quot;] = {&quot;Yaka (Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;izh&quot;] = {&quot;Ingrian&quot;},
	[&quot;izm&quot;] = {&quot;Kizamani&quot;},
	[&quot;izr&quot;] = {&quot;Izere&quot;},
	[&quot;izz&quot;] = {&quot;Izii&quot;},
	[&quot;jaa&quot;] = {&quot;Jamamadí&quot;},
	[&quot;jab&quot;] = {&quot;Hyam&quot;},
	[&quot;jac&quot;] = {&quot;Popti'&quot;, &quot;Jakalteko&quot;},
	[&quot;jad&quot;] = {&quot;Jahanka&quot;},
	[&quot;jae&quot;] = {&quot;Yabem&quot;},
	[&quot;jaf&quot;] = {&quot;Jara&quot;},
	[&quot;jah&quot;] = {&quot;Jah Hut&quot;},
	[&quot;jaj&quot;] = {&quot;Zazao&quot;},
	[&quot;jak&quot;] = {&quot;Jakun&quot;},
	[&quot;jal&quot;] = {&quot;Yalahatan&quot;},
	[&quot;jam&quot;] = {&quot;Jamaican Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;jan&quot;] = {&quot;Jandai&quot;},
	[&quot;jao&quot;] = {&quot;Yanyuwa&quot;},
	[&quot;jaq&quot;] = {&quot;Yaqay&quot;},
	[&quot;jas&quot;] = {&quot;New Caledonian Javanese&quot;},
	[&quot;jat&quot;] = {&quot;Jakati&quot;},
	[&quot;jau&quot;] = {&quot;Yaur&quot;},
	[&quot;jax&quot;] = {&quot;Jambi Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;jay&quot;] = {&quot;Yan-nhangu&quot;, &quot;Nhangu&quot;},
	[&quot;jaz&quot;] = {&quot;Jawe&quot;},
	[&quot;jbe&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Berber&quot;},
	[&quot;jbi&quot;] = {&quot;Badjiri&quot;},
	[&quot;jbj&quot;] = {&quot;Arandai&quot;},
	[&quot;jbk&quot;] = {&quot;Barikewa&quot;},
	[&quot;jbm&quot;] = {&quot;Bijim&quot;},
	[&quot;jbn&quot;] = {&quot;Nafusi&quot;},
	[&quot;jbo&quot;] = {&quot;Lojban&quot;},
	[&quot;jbr&quot;] = {&quot;Jofotek-Bromnya&quot;},
	[&quot;jbt&quot;] = {&quot;Jabutí&quot;},
	[&quot;jbu&quot;] = {&quot;Jukun Takum&quot;},
	[&quot;jbw&quot;] = {&quot;Yawijibaya&quot;},
	[&quot;jcs&quot;] = {&quot;Jamaican Country Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jct&quot;] = {&quot;Krymchak&quot;},
	[&quot;jda&quot;] = {&quot;Jad&quot;},
	[&quot;jdg&quot;] = {&quot;Jadgali&quot;},
	[&quot;jdt&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Tat&quot;},
	[&quot;jeb&quot;] = {&quot;Jebero&quot;},
	[&quot;jee&quot;] = {&quot;Jerung&quot;},
	[&quot;jeh&quot;] = {&quot;Jeh&quot;},
	[&quot;jei&quot;] = {&quot;Yei&quot;},
	[&quot;jek&quot;] = {&quot;Jeri Kuo&quot;},
	[&quot;jel&quot;] = {&quot;Yelmek&quot;},
	[&quot;jen&quot;] = {&quot;Dza&quot;},
	[&quot;jer&quot;] = {&quot;Jere&quot;},
	[&quot;jet&quot;] = {&quot;Manem&quot;},
	[&quot;jeu&quot;] = {&quot;Jonkor Bourmataguil&quot;},
	[&quot;jgb&quot;] = {&quot;Ngbee&quot;},
	[&quot;jge&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Georgian&quot;},
	[&quot;jgk&quot;] = {&quot;Gwak&quot;},
	[&quot;jgo&quot;] = {&quot;Ngomba&quot;},
	[&quot;jhi&quot;] = {&quot;Jehai&quot;},
	[&quot;jhs&quot;] = {&quot;Jhankot Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jia&quot;] = {&quot;Jina&quot;},
	[&quot;jib&quot;] = {&quot;Jibu&quot;},
	[&quot;jic&quot;] = {&quot;Tol&quot;},
	[&quot;jid&quot;] = {&quot;Bu (Kaduna State)&quot;},
	[&quot;jie&quot;] = {&quot;Jilbe&quot;},
	[&quot;jig&quot;] = {&quot;Jingulu&quot;, &quot;Djingili&quot;},
	[&quot;jih&quot;] = {&quot;sTodsde&quot;, &quot;Shangzhai&quot;},
	[&quot;jii&quot;] = {&quot;Jiiddu&quot;},
	[&quot;jil&quot;] = {&quot;Jilim&quot;},
	[&quot;jim&quot;] = {&quot;Jimi (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;jio&quot;] = {&quot;Jiamao&quot;},
	[&quot;jiq&quot;] = {&quot;Guanyinqiao&quot;, &quot;Lavrung&quot;},
	[&quot;jit&quot;] = {&quot;Jita&quot;},
	[&quot;jiu&quot;] = {&quot;Youle Jinuo&quot;},
	[&quot;jiv&quot;] = {&quot;Shuar&quot;},
	[&quot;jiy&quot;] = {&quot;Buyuan Jinuo&quot;},
	[&quot;jje&quot;] = {&quot;Jejueo&quot;},
	[&quot;jjr&quot;] = {&quot;Bankal&quot;},
	[&quot;jka&quot;] = {&quot;Kaera&quot;},
	[&quot;jkm&quot;] = {&quot;Mobwa Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;jko&quot;] = {&quot;Kubo&quot;},
	[&quot;jkp&quot;] = {&quot;Paku Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;jkr&quot;] = {&quot;Koro (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;jks&quot;] = {&quot;Amami Koniya Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jku&quot;] = {&quot;Labir&quot;},
	[&quot;jle&quot;] = {&quot;Ngile&quot;},
	[&quot;jls&quot;] = {&quot;Jamaican Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jma&quot;] = {&quot;Dima&quot;},
	[&quot;jmb&quot;] = {&quot;Zumbun&quot;},
	[&quot;jmc&quot;] = {&quot;Machame&quot;},
	[&quot;jmd&quot;] = {&quot;Yamdena&quot;},
	[&quot;jmi&quot;] = {&quot;Jimi (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;jml&quot;] = {&quot;Jumli&quot;},
	[&quot;jmn&quot;] = {&quot;Makuri Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;jmr&quot;] = {&quot;Kamara&quot;},
	[&quot;jms&quot;] = {&quot;Mashi (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;jmw&quot;] = {&quot;Mouwase&quot;},
	[&quot;jmx&quot;] = {&quot;Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;jna&quot;] = {&quot;Jangshung&quot;},
	[&quot;jnd&quot;] = {&quot;Jandavra&quot;},
	[&quot;jng&quot;] = {&quot;Yangman&quot;},
	[&quot;jni&quot;] = {&quot;Janji&quot;},
	[&quot;jnj&quot;] = {&quot;Yemsa&quot;},
	[&quot;jnl&quot;] = {&quot;Rawat&quot;},
	[&quot;jns&quot;] = {&quot;Jaunsari&quot;},
	[&quot;job&quot;] = {&quot;Joba&quot;},
	[&quot;jod&quot;] = {&quot;Wojenaka&quot;},
	[&quot;jog&quot;] = {&quot;Jogi&quot;},
	[&quot;jor&quot;] = {&quot;Jorá&quot;},
	[&quot;jos&quot;] = {&quot;Jordanian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jow&quot;] = {&quot;Jowulu&quot;},
	[&quot;jpa&quot;] = {&quot;Jewish Palestinian Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;jpr&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Persian&quot;},
	[&quot;jpx&quot;] = {&quot;Japanese (family)&quot;},
	[&quot;jqr&quot;] = {&quot;Jaqaru&quot;},
	[&quot;jra&quot;] = {&quot;Jarai&quot;},
	[&quot;jrb&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;jrr&quot;] = {&quot;Jiru&quot;},
	[&quot;jrt&quot;] = {&quot;Jakattoe&quot;},
	[&quot;jru&quot;] = {&quot;Japrería&quot;},
	[&quot;jsl&quot;] = {&quot;Japanese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jua&quot;] = {&quot;Júma&quot;},
	[&quot;jub&quot;] = {&quot;Wannu&quot;},
	[&quot;juc&quot;] = {&quot;Jurchen&quot;},
	[&quot;jud&quot;] = {&quot;Worodougou&quot;},
	[&quot;juh&quot;] = {&quot;Hõne&quot;},
	[&quot;jui&quot;] = {&quot;Ngadjuri&quot;},
	[&quot;juk&quot;] = {&quot;Wapan&quot;},
	[&quot;jul&quot;] = {&quot;Jirel&quot;},
	[&quot;jum&quot;] = {&quot;Jumjum&quot;},
	[&quot;jun&quot;] = {&quot;Juang&quot;},
	[&quot;juo&quot;] = {&quot;Jiba&quot;},
	[&quot;jup&quot;] = {&quot;Hupdë&quot;},
	[&quot;jur&quot;] = {&quot;Jurúna&quot;},
	[&quot;jus&quot;] = {&quot;Jumla Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;jut&quot;] = {&quot;Jutish&quot;},
	[&quot;juu&quot;] = {&quot;Ju&quot;},
	[&quot;juw&quot;] = {&quot;Wãpha&quot;},
	[&quot;juy&quot;] = {&quot;Juray&quot;},
	[&quot;jvd&quot;] = {&quot;Javindo&quot;},
	[&quot;jvn&quot;] = {&quot;Caribbean Javanese&quot;},
	[&quot;jwi&quot;] = {&quot;Jwira-Pepesa&quot;},
	[&quot;jya&quot;] = {&quot;Jiarong&quot;},
	[&quot;jye&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Yemeni Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;jyy&quot;] = {&quot;Jaya&quot;},
	[&quot;kaa&quot;] = {&quot;Kara-Kalpak&quot;, &quot;Karakalpak&quot;},
	[&quot;kab&quot;] = {&quot;Kabyle&quot;},
	[&quot;kac&quot;] = {&quot;Kachin&quot;, &quot;Jingpho&quot;},
	[&quot;kad&quot;] = {&quot;Adara&quot;},
	[&quot;kae&quot;] = {&quot;Ketangalan&quot;},
	[&quot;kaf&quot;] = {&quot;Katso&quot;},
	[&quot;kag&quot;] = {&quot;Kajaman&quot;},
	[&quot;kah&quot;] = {&quot;Kara (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;kai&quot;] = {&quot;Karekare&quot;},
	[&quot;kaj&quot;] = {&quot;Jju&quot;},
	[&quot;kak&quot;] = {&quot;Kalanguya&quot;, &quot;Kayapa Kallahan&quot;},
	[&quot;kam&quot;] = {&quot;Kamba (Kenya)&quot;},
	[&quot;kao&quot;] = {&quot;Xaasongaxango&quot;},
	[&quot;kap&quot;] = {&quot;Bezhta&quot;},
	[&quot;kaq&quot;] = {&quot;Capanahua&quot;},
	[&quot;kar&quot;] = {&quot;Karen languages&quot;},
	[&quot;kav&quot;] = {&quot;Katukína&quot;},
	[&quot;kaw&quot;] = {&quot;Kawi&quot;},
	[&quot;kax&quot;] = {&quot;Kao&quot;},
	[&quot;kay&quot;] = {&quot;Kamayurá&quot;},
	[&quot;kba&quot;] = {&quot;Kalarko&quot;},
	[&quot;kbb&quot;] = {&quot;Kaxuiâna&quot;},
	[&quot;kbc&quot;] = {&quot;Kadiwéu&quot;},
	[&quot;kbd&quot;] = {&quot;Kabardian&quot;},
	[&quot;kbe&quot;] = {&quot;Kanju&quot;},
	[&quot;kbg&quot;] = {&quot;Khamba&quot;},
	[&quot;kbh&quot;] = {&quot;Camsá&quot;},
	[&quot;kbi&quot;] = {&quot;Kaptiau&quot;},
	[&quot;kbj&quot;] = {&quot;Kari&quot;},
	[&quot;kbk&quot;] = {&quot;Grass Koiari&quot;},
	[&quot;kbl&quot;] = {&quot;Kanembu&quot;},
	[&quot;kbm&quot;] = {&quot;Iwal&quot;},
	[&quot;kbn&quot;] = {&quot;Kare (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;kbo&quot;] = {&quot;Keliko&quot;},
	[&quot;kbp&quot;] = {&quot;Kabiyè&quot;},
	[&quot;kbq&quot;] = {&quot;Kamano&quot;},
	[&quot;kbr&quot;] = {&quot;Kafa&quot;},
	[&quot;kbs&quot;] = {&quot;Kande&quot;},
	[&quot;kbt&quot;] = {&quot;Abadi&quot;},
	[&quot;kbu&quot;] = {&quot;Kabutra&quot;},
	[&quot;kbv&quot;] = {&quot;Dera (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;kbw&quot;] = {&quot;Kaiep&quot;},
	[&quot;kbx&quot;] = {&quot;Ap Ma&quot;},
	[&quot;kby&quot;] = {&quot;Manga Kanuri&quot;},
	[&quot;kbz&quot;] = {&quot;Duhwa&quot;},
	[&quot;kca&quot;] = {&quot;Khanty&quot;},
	[&quot;kcb&quot;] = {&quot;Kawacha&quot;},
	[&quot;kcc&quot;] = {&quot;Lubila&quot;},
	[&quot;kcd&quot;] = {&quot;Ngkâlmpw Kanum&quot;},
	[&quot;kce&quot;] = {&quot;Kaivi&quot;},
	[&quot;kcf&quot;] = {&quot;Ukaan&quot;},
	[&quot;kcg&quot;] = {&quot;Tyap&quot;},
	[&quot;kch&quot;] = {&quot;Vono&quot;},
	[&quot;kci&quot;] = {&quot;Ngyian&quot;, &quot;Kamantan&quot;},
	[&quot;kcj&quot;] = {&quot;Kobiana&quot;},
	[&quot;kck&quot;] = {&quot;Kalanga&quot;},
	[&quot;kcl&quot;] = {&quot;Kela (Papua New Guinea)&quot;, &quot;Kala&quot;},
	[&quot;kcm&quot;] = {&quot;Gula (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;kcn&quot;] = {&quot;Nubi&quot;},
	[&quot;kco&quot;] = {&quot;Kinalakna&quot;},
	[&quot;kcp&quot;] = {&quot;Kanga&quot;},
	[&quot;kcq&quot;] = {&quot;Kamo&quot;},
	[&quot;kcr&quot;] = {&quot;Katla&quot;},
	[&quot;kcs&quot;] = {&quot;Koenoem&quot;},
	[&quot;kct&quot;] = {&quot;Kaian&quot;},
	[&quot;kcu&quot;] = {&quot;Kami (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;kcv&quot;] = {&quot;Kete&quot;},
	[&quot;kcw&quot;] = {&quot;Kabwari&quot;},
	[&quot;kcx&quot;] = {&quot;Kachama-Ganjule&quot;},
	[&quot;kcy&quot;] = {&quot;Korandje&quot;},
	[&quot;kcz&quot;] = {&quot;Konongo&quot;},
	[&quot;kda&quot;] = {&quot;Worimi&quot;},
	[&quot;kdc&quot;] = {&quot;Kutu&quot;},
	[&quot;kdd&quot;] = {&quot;Yankunytjatjara&quot;},
	[&quot;kde&quot;] = {&quot;Makonde&quot;},
	[&quot;kdf&quot;] = {&quot;Mamusi&quot;},
	[&quot;kdg&quot;] = {&quot;Seba&quot;},
	[&quot;kdh&quot;] = {&quot;Tem&quot;},
	[&quot;kdi&quot;] = {&quot;Kumam&quot;},
	[&quot;kdj&quot;] = {&quot;Karamojong&quot;},
	[&quot;kdk&quot;] = {&quot;Numèè&quot;, &quot;Kwényi&quot;},
	[&quot;kdl&quot;] = {&quot;Tsikimba&quot;},
	[&quot;kdm&quot;] = {&quot;Kagoma&quot;},
	[&quot;kdn&quot;] = {&quot;Kunda&quot;},
	[&quot;kdo&quot;] = {&quot;Kordofanian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;kdp&quot;] = {&quot;Kaningdon-Nindem&quot;},
	[&quot;kdq&quot;] = {&quot;Koch&quot;},
	[&quot;kdr&quot;] = {&quot;Karaim&quot;},
	[&quot;kdt&quot;] = {&quot;Kuy&quot;},
	[&quot;kdu&quot;] = {&quot;Kadaru&quot;},
	[&quot;kdw&quot;] = {&quot;Koneraw&quot;},
	[&quot;kdx&quot;] = {&quot;Kam&quot;},
	[&quot;kdy&quot;] = {&quot;Keder&quot;, &quot;Keijar&quot;},
	[&quot;kdz&quot;] = {&quot;Kwaja&quot;},
	[&quot;kea&quot;] = {&quot;Kabuverdianu&quot;},
	[&quot;keb&quot;] = {&quot;Kélé&quot;},
	[&quot;kec&quot;] = {&quot;Keiga&quot;},
	[&quot;ked&quot;] = {&quot;Kerewe&quot;},
	[&quot;kee&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Keres&quot;},
	[&quot;kef&quot;] = {&quot;Kpessi&quot;},
	[&quot;keg&quot;] = {&quot;Tese&quot;},
	[&quot;keh&quot;] = {&quot;Keak&quot;},
	[&quot;kei&quot;] = {&quot;Kei&quot;},
	[&quot;kej&quot;] = {&quot;Kadar&quot;},
	[&quot;kek&quot;] = {&quot;Kekchí&quot;},
	[&quot;kel&quot;] = {&quot;Kela (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;kem&quot;] = {&quot;Kemak&quot;},
	[&quot;ken&quot;] = {&quot;Kenyang&quot;},
	[&quot;keo&quot;] = {&quot;Kakwa&quot;},
	[&quot;kep&quot;] = {&quot;Kaikadi&quot;},
	[&quot;keq&quot;] = {&quot;Kamar&quot;},
	[&quot;ker&quot;] = {&quot;Kera&quot;},
	[&quot;kes&quot;] = {&quot;Kugbo&quot;},
	[&quot;ket&quot;] = {&quot;Ket&quot;},
	[&quot;keu&quot;] = {&quot;Akebu&quot;},
	[&quot;kev&quot;] = {&quot;Kanikkaran&quot;},
	[&quot;kew&quot;] = {&quot;West Kewa&quot;},
	[&quot;kex&quot;] = {&quot;Kukna&quot;},
	[&quot;key&quot;] = {&quot;Kupia&quot;},
	[&quot;kez&quot;] = {&quot;Kukele&quot;},
	[&quot;kfa&quot;] = {&quot;Kodava&quot;},
	[&quot;kfb&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Kolami&quot;},
	[&quot;kfc&quot;] = {&quot;Konda-Dora&quot;},
	[&quot;kfd&quot;] = {&quot;Korra Koraga&quot;},
	[&quot;kfe&quot;] = {&quot;Kota (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;kff&quot;] = {&quot;Koya&quot;},
	[&quot;kfg&quot;] = {&quot;Kudiya&quot;},
	[&quot;kfh&quot;] = {&quot;Kurichiya&quot;},
	[&quot;kfi&quot;] = {&quot;Kannada Kurumba&quot;},
	[&quot;kfj&quot;] = {&quot;Kemiehua&quot;},
	[&quot;kfk&quot;] = {&quot;Kinnauri&quot;},
	[&quot;kfl&quot;] = {&quot;Kung&quot;},
	[&quot;kfm&quot;] = {&quot;Khunsari&quot;},
	[&quot;kfn&quot;] = {&quot;Kuk&quot;},
	[&quot;kfo&quot;] = {&quot;Koro (Côte d'Ivoire)&quot;},
	[&quot;kfp&quot;] = {&quot;Korwa&quot;},
	[&quot;kfq&quot;] = {&quot;Korku&quot;},
	[&quot;kfr&quot;] = {&quot;Kachhi&quot;, &quot;Kutchi&quot;},
	[&quot;kfs&quot;] = {&quot;Bilaspuri&quot;},
	[&quot;kft&quot;] = {&quot;Kanjari&quot;},
	[&quot;kfu&quot;] = {&quot;Katkari&quot;},
	[&quot;kfv&quot;] = {&quot;Kurmukar&quot;},
	[&quot;kfw&quot;] = {&quot;Kharam Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;kfx&quot;] = {&quot;Kullu Pahari&quot;},
	[&quot;kfy&quot;] = {&quot;Kumaoni&quot;},
	[&quot;kfz&quot;] = {&quot;Koromfé&quot;},
	[&quot;kga&quot;] = {&quot;Koyaga&quot;},
	[&quot;kgb&quot;] = {&quot;Kawe&quot;},
	[&quot;kge&quot;] = {&quot;Komering&quot;},
	[&quot;kgf&quot;] = {&quot;Kube&quot;},
	[&quot;kgg&quot;] = {&quot;Kusunda&quot;},
	[&quot;kgi&quot;] = {&quot;Selangor Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;kgj&quot;] = {&quot;Gamale Kham&quot;},
	[&quot;kgk&quot;] = {&quot;Kaiwá&quot;},
	[&quot;kgl&quot;] = {&quot;Kunggari&quot;},
	[&quot;kgn&quot;] = {&quot;Karingani&quot;},
	[&quot;kgo&quot;] = {&quot;Krongo&quot;},
	[&quot;kgp&quot;] = {&quot;Kaingang&quot;},
	[&quot;kgq&quot;] = {&quot;Kamoro&quot;},
	[&quot;kgr&quot;] = {&quot;Abun&quot;},
	[&quot;kgs&quot;] = {&quot;Kumbainggar&quot;},
	[&quot;kgt&quot;] = {&quot;Somyev&quot;},
	[&quot;kgu&quot;] = {&quot;Kobol&quot;},
	[&quot;kgv&quot;] = {&quot;Karas&quot;},
	[&quot;kgw&quot;] = {&quot;Karon Dori&quot;},
	[&quot;kgx&quot;] = {&quot;Kamaru&quot;},
	[&quot;kgy&quot;] = {&quot;Kyerung&quot;},
	[&quot;kha&quot;] = {&quot;Khasi&quot;},
	[&quot;khb&quot;] = {&quot;Lü&quot;},
	[&quot;khc&quot;] = {&quot;Tukang Besi North&quot;},
	[&quot;khd&quot;] = {&quot;Bädi Kanum&quot;},
	[&quot;khe&quot;] = {&quot;Korowai&quot;},
	[&quot;khf&quot;] = {&quot;Khuen&quot;},
	[&quot;khg&quot;] = {&quot;Khams Tibetan&quot;},
	[&quot;khh&quot;] = {&quot;Kehu&quot;},
	[&quot;khi&quot;] = {&quot;Khoisan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;khj&quot;] = {&quot;Kuturmi&quot;},
	[&quot;khk&quot;] = {&quot;Halh Mongolian&quot;},
	[&quot;khl&quot;] = {&quot;Lusi&quot;},
	[&quot;khn&quot;] = {&quot;Khandesi&quot;},
	[&quot;kho&quot;] = {&quot;Khotanese&quot;, &quot;Sakan&quot;},
	[&quot;khp&quot;] = {&quot;Kapori&quot;, &quot;Kapauri&quot;},
	[&quot;khq&quot;] = {&quot;Koyra Chiini Songhay&quot;},
	[&quot;khr&quot;] = {&quot;Kharia&quot;},
	[&quot;khs&quot;] = {&quot;Kasua&quot;},
	[&quot;kht&quot;] = {&quot;Khamti&quot;},
	[&quot;khu&quot;] = {&quot;Nkhumbi&quot;},
	[&quot;khv&quot;] = {&quot;Khvarshi&quot;},
	[&quot;khw&quot;] = {&quot;Khowar&quot;},
	[&quot;khx&quot;] = {&quot;Kanu&quot;},
	[&quot;khy&quot;] = {&quot;Kele (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;khz&quot;] = {&quot;Keapara&quot;},
	[&quot;kia&quot;] = {&quot;Kim&quot;},
	[&quot;kib&quot;] = {&quot;Koalib&quot;},
	[&quot;kic&quot;] = {&quot;Kickapoo&quot;},
	[&quot;kid&quot;] = {&quot;Koshin&quot;},
	[&quot;kie&quot;] = {&quot;Kibet&quot;},
	[&quot;kif&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Parbate Kham&quot;},
	[&quot;kig&quot;] = {&quot;Kimaama&quot;, &quot;Kimaghima&quot;},
	[&quot;kih&quot;] = {&quot;Kilmeri&quot;},
	[&quot;kii&quot;] = {&quot;Kitsai&quot;},
	[&quot;kij&quot;] = {&quot;Kilivila&quot;},
	[&quot;kil&quot;] = {&quot;Kariya&quot;},
	[&quot;kim&quot;] = {&quot;Karagas&quot;},
	[&quot;kio&quot;] = {&quot;Kiowa&quot;},
	[&quot;kip&quot;] = {&quot;Sheshi Kham&quot;},
	[&quot;kiq&quot;] = {&quot;Kosadle&quot;, &quot;Kosare&quot;},
	[&quot;kis&quot;] = {&quot;Kis&quot;},
	[&quot;kit&quot;] = {&quot;Agob&quot;},
	[&quot;kiu&quot;] = {&quot;Kirmanjki (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;kiv&quot;] = {&quot;Kimbu&quot;},
	[&quot;kiw&quot;] = {&quot;Northeast Kiwai&quot;},
	[&quot;kix&quot;] = {&quot;Khiamniungan Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;kiy&quot;] = {&quot;Kirikiri&quot;},
	[&quot;kiz&quot;] = {&quot;Kisi&quot;},
	[&quot;kja&quot;] = {&quot;Mlap&quot;},
	[&quot;kjb&quot;] = {&quot;Q'anjob'al&quot;, &quot;Kanjobal&quot;},
	[&quot;kjc&quot;] = {&quot;Coastal Konjo&quot;},
	[&quot;kjd&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Kiwai&quot;},
	[&quot;kje&quot;] = {&quot;Kisar&quot;},
	[&quot;kjg&quot;] = {&quot;Khmu&quot;},
	[&quot;kjh&quot;] = {&quot;Khakas&quot;},
	[&quot;kji&quot;] = {&quot;Zabana&quot;},
	[&quot;kjj&quot;] = {&quot;Khinalugh&quot;},
	[&quot;kjk&quot;] = {&quot;Highland Konjo&quot;},
	[&quot;kjl&quot;] = {&quot;Western Parbate Kham&quot;},
	[&quot;kjm&quot;] = {&quot;Kháng&quot;},
	[&quot;kjn&quot;] = {&quot;Kunjen&quot;},
	[&quot;kjo&quot;] = {&quot;Harijan Kinnauri&quot;},
	[&quot;kjp&quot;] = {&quot;Pwo Eastern Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;kjq&quot;] = {&quot;Western Keres&quot;},
	[&quot;kjr&quot;] = {&quot;Kurudu&quot;},
	[&quot;kjs&quot;] = {&quot;East Kewa&quot;},
	[&quot;kjt&quot;] = {&quot;Phrae Pwo Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;kju&quot;] = {&quot;Kashaya&quot;},
	[&quot;kjv&quot;] = {&quot;Kaikavian Literary Language&quot;},
	[&quot;kjx&quot;] = {&quot;Ramopa&quot;},
	[&quot;kjy&quot;] = {&quot;Erave&quot;},
	[&quot;kjz&quot;] = {&quot;Bumthangkha&quot;},
	[&quot;kka&quot;] = {&quot;Kakanda&quot;},
	[&quot;kkb&quot;] = {&quot;Kwerisa&quot;},
	[&quot;kkc&quot;] = {&quot;Odoodee&quot;},
	[&quot;kkd&quot;] = {&quot;Kinuku&quot;},
	[&quot;kke&quot;] = {&quot;Kakabe&quot;},
	[&quot;kkf&quot;] = {&quot;Kalaktang Monpa&quot;},
	[&quot;kkg&quot;] = {&quot;Mabaka Valley Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;kkh&quot;] = {&quot;Khün&quot;},
	[&quot;kki&quot;] = {&quot;Kagulu&quot;},
	[&quot;kkj&quot;] = {&quot;Kako&quot;},
	[&quot;kkk&quot;] = {&quot;Kokota&quot;},
	[&quot;kkl&quot;] = {&quot;Kosarek Yale&quot;},
	[&quot;kkm&quot;] = {&quot;Kiong&quot;},
	[&quot;kkn&quot;] = {&quot;Kon Keu&quot;},
	[&quot;kko&quot;] = {&quot;Karko&quot;},
	[&quot;kkp&quot;] = {&quot;Gugubera&quot;, &quot;Koko-Bera&quot;},
	[&quot;kkq&quot;] = {&quot;Kaeku&quot;},
	[&quot;kkr&quot;] = {&quot;Kir-Balar&quot;},
	[&quot;kks&quot;] = {&quot;Giiwo&quot;},
	[&quot;kkt&quot;] = {&quot;Koi&quot;},
	[&quot;kku&quot;] = {&quot;Tumi&quot;},
	[&quot;kkv&quot;] = {&quot;Kangean&quot;},
	[&quot;kkw&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Kukuya&quot;},
	[&quot;kkx&quot;] = {&quot;Kohin&quot;},
	[&quot;kky&quot;] = {&quot;Guugu Yimidhirr&quot;, &quot;Guguyimidjir&quot;},
	[&quot;kkz&quot;] = {&quot;Kaska&quot;},
	[&quot;kla&quot;] = {&quot;Klamath-Modoc&quot;},
	[&quot;klb&quot;] = {&quot;Kiliwa&quot;},
	[&quot;klc&quot;] = {&quot;Kolbila&quot;},
	[&quot;kld&quot;] = {&quot;Gamilaraay&quot;},
	[&quot;kle&quot;] = {&quot;Kulung (Nepal)&quot;},
	[&quot;klf&quot;] = {&quot;Kendeje&quot;},
	[&quot;klg&quot;] = {&quot;Tagakaulo&quot;},
	[&quot;klh&quot;] = {&quot;Weliki&quot;},
	[&quot;kli&quot;] = {&quot;Kalumpang&quot;},
	[&quot;klj&quot;] = {&quot;Khalaj&quot;},
	[&quot;klk&quot;] = {&quot;Kono (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;kll&quot;] = {&quot;Kagan Kalagan&quot;},
	[&quot;klm&quot;] = {&quot;Migum&quot;},
	[&quot;kln&quot;] = {&quot;Kalenjin&quot;},
	[&quot;klo&quot;] = {&quot;Kapya&quot;},
	[&quot;klp&quot;] = {&quot;Kamasa&quot;},
	[&quot;klq&quot;] = {&quot;Rumu&quot;},
	[&quot;klr&quot;] = {&quot;Khaling&quot;},
	[&quot;kls&quot;] = {&quot;Kalasha&quot;},
	[&quot;klt&quot;] = {&quot;Nukna&quot;},
	[&quot;klu&quot;] = {&quot;Klao&quot;},
	[&quot;klv&quot;] = {&quot;Maskelynes&quot;},
	[&quot;klw&quot;] = {&quot;Tado&quot;, &quot;Lindu&quot;},
	[&quot;klx&quot;] = {&quot;Koluwawa&quot;},
	[&quot;kly&quot;] = {&quot;Kalao&quot;},
	[&quot;klz&quot;] = {&quot;Kabola&quot;},
	[&quot;kma&quot;] = {&quot;Konni&quot;},
	[&quot;kmb&quot;] = {&quot;Kimbundu&quot;},
	[&quot;kmc&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Dong&quot;},
	[&quot;kmd&quot;] = {&quot;Majukayang Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;kme&quot;] = {&quot;Bakole&quot;},
	[&quot;kmf&quot;] = {&quot;Kare (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;kmg&quot;] = {&quot;Kâte&quot;},
	[&quot;kmh&quot;] = {&quot;Kalam&quot;},
	[&quot;kmi&quot;] = {&quot;Kami (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;kmj&quot;] = {&quot;Kumarbhag Paharia&quot;},
	[&quot;kmk&quot;] = {&quot;Limos Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;kml&quot;] = {&quot;Tanudan Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;kmm&quot;] = {&quot;Kom (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;kmn&quot;] = {&quot;Awtuw&quot;},
	[&quot;kmo&quot;] = {&quot;Kwoma&quot;},
	[&quot;kmp&quot;] = {&quot;Gimme&quot;},
	[&quot;kmq&quot;] = {&quot;Kwama&quot;},
	[&quot;kmr&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Kurdish&quot;},
	[&quot;kms&quot;] = {&quot;Kamasau&quot;},
	[&quot;kmt&quot;] = {&quot;Kemtuik&quot;},
	[&quot;kmu&quot;] = {&quot;Kanite&quot;},
	[&quot;kmv&quot;] = {&quot;Karipúna Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;kmw&quot;] = {&quot;Komo (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;kmx&quot;] = {&quot;Waboda&quot;},
	[&quot;kmy&quot;] = {&quot;Koma&quot;},
	[&quot;kmz&quot;] = {&quot;Khorasani Turkish&quot;},
	[&quot;kna&quot;] = {&quot;Dera (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;knb&quot;] = {&quot;Lubuagan Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;knc&quot;] = {&quot;Central Kanuri&quot;},
	[&quot;knd&quot;] = {&quot;Konda&quot;},
	[&quot;kne&quot;] = {&quot;Kankanaey&quot;},
	[&quot;knf&quot;] = {&quot;Mankanya&quot;},
	[&quot;kng&quot;] = {&quot;Koongo&quot;},
	[&quot;kni&quot;] = {&quot;Kanufi&quot;},
	[&quot;knj&quot;] = {&quot;Western Kanjobal&quot;},
	[&quot;knk&quot;] = {&quot;Kuranko&quot;},
	[&quot;knl&quot;] = {&quot;Keninjal&quot;},
	[&quot;knm&quot;] = {&quot;Kanamarí&quot;},
	[&quot;knn&quot;] = {&quot;Konkani (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;kno&quot;] = {&quot;Kono (Sierra Leone)&quot;},
	[&quot;knp&quot;] = {&quot;Kwanja&quot;},
	[&quot;knq&quot;] = {&quot;Kintaq&quot;},
	[&quot;knr&quot;] = {&quot;Kaningra&quot;},
	[&quot;kns&quot;] = {&quot;Kensiu&quot;},
	[&quot;knt&quot;] = {&quot;Panoan Katukína&quot;},
	[&quot;knu&quot;] = {&quot;Kono (Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;knv&quot;] = {&quot;Tabo&quot;},
	[&quot;knw&quot;] = {&quot;Kung-Ekoka&quot;},
	[&quot;knx&quot;] = {&quot;Kendayan&quot;, &quot;Salako&quot;},
	[&quot;kny&quot;] = {&quot;Kanyok&quot;},
	[&quot;knz&quot;] = {&quot;Kalamsé&quot;},
	[&quot;koa&quot;] = {&quot;Konomala&quot;},
	[&quot;koc&quot;] = {&quot;Kpati&quot;},
	[&quot;kod&quot;] = {&quot;Kodi&quot;},
	[&quot;koe&quot;] = {&quot;Kacipo-Bale Suri&quot;},
	[&quot;kof&quot;] = {&quot;Kubi&quot;},
	[&quot;kog&quot;] = {&quot;Cogui&quot;, &quot;Kogi&quot;},
	[&quot;koh&quot;] = {&quot;Koyo&quot;},
	[&quot;koi&quot;] = {&quot;Komi-Permyak&quot;},
	[&quot;kok&quot;] = {&quot;Konkani (macrolanguage)&quot;},
	[&quot;kol&quot;] = {&quot;Kol (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;koo&quot;] = {&quot;Konzo&quot;},
	[&quot;kop&quot;] = {&quot;Waube&quot;},
	[&quot;koq&quot;] = {&quot;Kota (Gabon)&quot;},
	[&quot;kos&quot;] = {&quot;Kosraean&quot;},
	[&quot;kot&quot;] = {&quot;Lagwan&quot;},
	[&quot;kou&quot;] = {&quot;Koke&quot;},
	[&quot;kov&quot;] = {&quot;Kudu-Camo&quot;},
	[&quot;kow&quot;] = {&quot;Kugama&quot;},
	[&quot;koy&quot;] = {&quot;Koyukon&quot;},
	[&quot;koz&quot;] = {&quot;Korak&quot;},
	[&quot;kpa&quot;] = {&quot;Kutto&quot;},
	[&quot;kpb&quot;] = {&quot;Mullu Kurumba&quot;},
	[&quot;kpc&quot;] = {&quot;Curripaco&quot;},
	[&quot;kpd&quot;] = {&quot;Koba&quot;},
	[&quot;kpe&quot;] = {&quot;Kpelle&quot;},
	[&quot;kpf&quot;] = {&quot;Komba&quot;},
	[&quot;kpg&quot;] = {&quot;Kapingamarangi&quot;},
	[&quot;kph&quot;] = {&quot;Kplang&quot;},
	[&quot;kpi&quot;] = {&quot;Kofei&quot;},
	[&quot;kpj&quot;] = {&quot;Karajá&quot;},
	[&quot;kpk&quot;] = {&quot;Kpan&quot;},
	[&quot;kpl&quot;] = {&quot;Kpala&quot;},
	[&quot;kpm&quot;] = {&quot;Koho&quot;},
	[&quot;kpn&quot;] = {&quot;Kepkiriwát&quot;},
	[&quot;kpo&quot;] = {&quot;Ikposo&quot;},
	[&quot;kpq&quot;] = {&quot;Korupun-Sela&quot;},
	[&quot;kpr&quot;] = {&quot;Korafe-Yegha&quot;},
	[&quot;kps&quot;] = {&quot;Tehit&quot;},
	[&quot;kpt&quot;] = {&quot;Karata&quot;},
	[&quot;kpu&quot;] = {&quot;Kafoa&quot;},
	[&quot;kpv&quot;] = {&quot;Komi-Zyrian&quot;},
	[&quot;kpw&quot;] = {&quot;Kobon&quot;},
	[&quot;kpx&quot;] = {&quot;Mountain Koiali&quot;},
	[&quot;kpy&quot;] = {&quot;Koryak&quot;},
	[&quot;kpz&quot;] = {&quot;Kupsabiny&quot;},
	[&quot;kqa&quot;] = {&quot;Mum&quot;},
	[&quot;kqb&quot;] = {&quot;Kovai&quot;},
	[&quot;kqc&quot;] = {&quot;Doromu-Koki&quot;},
	[&quot;kqd&quot;] = {&quot;Koy Sanjaq Surat&quot;},
	[&quot;kqe&quot;] = {&quot;Kalagan&quot;},
	[&quot;kqf&quot;] = {&quot;Kakabai&quot;},
	[&quot;kqg&quot;] = {&quot;Khe&quot;},
	[&quot;kqh&quot;] = {&quot;Kisankasa&quot;},
	[&quot;kqi&quot;] = {&quot;Koitabu&quot;},
	[&quot;kqj&quot;] = {&quot;Koromira&quot;},
	[&quot;kqk&quot;] = {&quot;Kotafon Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;kql&quot;] = {&quot;Kyenele&quot;},
	[&quot;kqm&quot;] = {&quot;Khisa&quot;},
	[&quot;kqn&quot;] = {&quot;Kaonde&quot;},
	[&quot;kqo&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Krahn&quot;},
	[&quot;kqp&quot;] = {&quot;Kimré&quot;},
	[&quot;kqq&quot;] = {&quot;Krenak&quot;},
	[&quot;kqr&quot;] = {&quot;Kimaragang&quot;},
	[&quot;kqs&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Kissi&quot;},
	[&quot;kqt&quot;] = {&quot;Klias River Kadazan&quot;},
	[&quot;kqu&quot;] = {&quot;Seroa&quot;},
	[&quot;kqv&quot;] = {&quot;Okolod&quot;},
	[&quot;kqw&quot;] = {&quot;Kandas&quot;},
	[&quot;kqx&quot;] = {&quot;Mser&quot;},
	[&quot;kqy&quot;] = {&quot;Koorete&quot;},
	[&quot;kqz&quot;] = {&quot;Korana&quot;},
	[&quot;kra&quot;] = {&quot;Kumhali&quot;},
	[&quot;krb&quot;] = {&quot;Karkin&quot;},
	[&quot;krc&quot;] = {&quot;Karachay-Balkar&quot;},
	[&quot;krd&quot;] = {&quot;Kairui-Midiki&quot;},
	[&quot;kre&quot;] = {&quot;Panará&quot;},
	[&quot;krf&quot;] = {&quot;Koro (Vanuatu)&quot;},
	[&quot;krh&quot;] = {&quot;Kurama&quot;},
	[&quot;kri&quot;] = {&quot;Krio&quot;},
	[&quot;krj&quot;] = {&quot;Kinaray-A&quot;},
	[&quot;krk&quot;] = {&quot;Kerek&quot;},
	[&quot;krl&quot;] = {&quot;Karelian&quot;},
	[&quot;krn&quot;] = {&quot;Sapo&quot;},
	[&quot;kro&quot;] = {&quot;Kru languages&quot;},
	[&quot;krp&quot;] = {&quot;Durop&quot;},
	[&quot;krr&quot;] = {&quot;Krung&quot;},
	[&quot;krs&quot;] = {&quot;Gbaya (Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;krt&quot;] = {&quot;Tumari Kanuri&quot;},
	[&quot;kru&quot;] = {&quot;Kurukh&quot;},
	[&quot;krv&quot;] = {&quot;Kavet&quot;},
	[&quot;krw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Krahn&quot;},
	[&quot;krx&quot;] = {&quot;Karon&quot;},
	[&quot;kry&quot;] = {&quot;Kryts&quot;},
	[&quot;krz&quot;] = {&quot;Sota Kanum&quot;},
	[&quot;ksb&quot;] = {&quot;Shambala&quot;},
	[&quot;ksc&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;ksd&quot;] = {&quot;Kuanua&quot;},
	[&quot;kse&quot;] = {&quot;Kuni&quot;},
	[&quot;ksf&quot;] = {&quot;Bafia&quot;},
	[&quot;ksg&quot;] = {&quot;Kusaghe&quot;},
	[&quot;ksh&quot;] = {&quot;Kölsch&quot;},
	[&quot;ksi&quot;] = {&quot;Krisa&quot;, &quot;I'saka&quot;},
	[&quot;ksj&quot;] = {&quot;Uare&quot;},
	[&quot;ksk&quot;] = {&quot;Kansa&quot;},
	[&quot;ksl&quot;] = {&quot;Kumalu&quot;},
	[&quot;ksm&quot;] = {&quot;Kumba&quot;},
	[&quot;ksn&quot;] = {&quot;Kasiguranin&quot;},
	[&quot;kso&quot;] = {&quot;Kofa&quot;},
	[&quot;ksp&quot;] = {&quot;Kaba&quot;},
	[&quot;ksq&quot;] = {&quot;Kwaami&quot;},
	[&quot;ksr&quot;] = {&quot;Borong&quot;},
	[&quot;kss&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Kisi&quot;},
	[&quot;kst&quot;] = {&quot;Winyé&quot;},
	[&quot;ksu&quot;] = {&quot;Khamyang&quot;},
	[&quot;ksv&quot;] = {&quot;Kusu&quot;},
	[&quot;ksw&quot;] = {&quot;S'gaw Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;ksx&quot;] = {&quot;Kedang&quot;},
	[&quot;ksy&quot;] = {&quot;Kharia Thar&quot;},
	[&quot;ksz&quot;] = {&quot;Kodaku&quot;},
	[&quot;kta&quot;] = {&quot;Katua&quot;},
	[&quot;ktb&quot;] = {&quot;Kambaata&quot;},
	[&quot;ktc&quot;] = {&quot;Kholok&quot;},
	[&quot;ktd&quot;] = {&quot;Kokata&quot;, &quot;Kukatha&quot;},
	[&quot;kte&quot;] = {&quot;Nubri&quot;},
	[&quot;ktf&quot;] = {&quot;Kwami&quot;},
	[&quot;ktg&quot;] = {&quot;Kalkutung&quot;},
	[&quot;kth&quot;] = {&quot;Karanga&quot;},
	[&quot;kti&quot;] = {&quot;North Muyu&quot;},
	[&quot;ktj&quot;] = {&quot;Plapo Krumen&quot;},
	[&quot;ktk&quot;] = {&quot;Kaniet&quot;},
	[&quot;ktl&quot;] = {&quot;Koroshi&quot;},
	[&quot;ktm&quot;] = {&quot;Kurti&quot;},
	[&quot;ktn&quot;] = {&quot;Karitiâna&quot;},
	[&quot;kto&quot;] = {&quot;Kuot&quot;},
	[&quot;ktp&quot;] = {&quot;Kaduo&quot;},
	[&quot;ktq&quot;] = {&quot;Katabaga&quot;},
	[&quot;kts&quot;] = {&quot;South Muyu&quot;},
	[&quot;ktt&quot;] = {&quot;Ketum&quot;},
	[&quot;ktu&quot;] = {&quot;Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;ktv&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Katu&quot;},
	[&quot;ktw&quot;] = {&quot;Kato&quot;},
	[&quot;ktx&quot;] = {&quot;Kaxararí&quot;},
	[&quot;kty&quot;] = {&quot;Kango (Bas-Uélé District)&quot;},
	[&quot;ktz&quot;] = {&quot;Juǀʼhoan&quot;, &quot;Juǀʼhoansi&quot;},
	[&quot;kub&quot;] = {&quot;Kutep&quot;},
	[&quot;kuc&quot;] = {&quot;Kwinsu&quot;},
	[&quot;kud&quot;] = {&quot;'Auhelawa&quot;},
	[&quot;kue&quot;] = {&quot;Kuman (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;kuf&quot;] = {&quot;Western Katu&quot;},
	[&quot;kug&quot;] = {&quot;Kupa&quot;},
	[&quot;kuh&quot;] = {&quot;Kushi&quot;},
	[&quot;kui&quot;] = {&quot;Kuikúro-Kalapálo&quot;, &quot;Kalapalo&quot;},
	[&quot;kuj&quot;] = {&quot;Kuria&quot;},
	[&quot;kuk&quot;] = {&quot;Kepo'&quot;},
	[&quot;kul&quot;] = {&quot;Kulere&quot;},
	[&quot;kum&quot;] = {&quot;Kumyk&quot;},
	[&quot;kun&quot;] = {&quot;Kunama&quot;},
	[&quot;kuo&quot;] = {&quot;Kumukio&quot;},
	[&quot;kup&quot;] = {&quot;Kunimaipa&quot;},
	[&quot;kuq&quot;] = {&quot;Karipuna&quot;},
	[&quot;kus&quot;] = {&quot;Kusaal&quot;},
	[&quot;kut&quot;] = {&quot;Kutenai&quot;},
	[&quot;kuu&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Kuskokwim&quot;},
	[&quot;kuv&quot;] = {&quot;Kur&quot;},
	[&quot;kuw&quot;] = {&quot;Kpagua&quot;},
	[&quot;kux&quot;] = {&quot;Kukatja&quot;},
	[&quot;kuy&quot;] = {&quot;Kuuku-Ya'u&quot;},
	[&quot;kuz&quot;] = {&quot;Kunza&quot;},
	[&quot;kva&quot;] = {&quot;Bagvalal&quot;},
	[&quot;kvb&quot;] = {&quot;Kubu&quot;},
	[&quot;kvc&quot;] = {&quot;Kove&quot;},
	[&quot;kvd&quot;] = {&quot;Kui (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;kve&quot;] = {&quot;Kalabakan&quot;},
	[&quot;kvf&quot;] = {&quot;Kabalai&quot;},
	[&quot;kvg&quot;] = {&quot;Kuni-Boazi&quot;},
	[&quot;kvh&quot;] = {&quot;Komodo&quot;},
	[&quot;kvi&quot;] = {&quot;Kwang&quot;},
	[&quot;kvj&quot;] = {&quot;Psikye&quot;},
	[&quot;kvk&quot;] = {&quot;Korean Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;kvl&quot;] = {&quot;Kayaw&quot;},
	[&quot;kvm&quot;] = {&quot;Kendem&quot;},
	[&quot;kvn&quot;] = {&quot;Border Kuna&quot;},
	[&quot;kvo&quot;] = {&quot;Dobel&quot;},
	[&quot;kvp&quot;] = {&quot;Kompane&quot;},
	[&quot;kvq&quot;] = {&quot;Geba Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;kvr&quot;] = {&quot;Kerinci&quot;},
	[&quot;kvt&quot;] = {&quot;Lahta Karen&quot;, &quot;Lahta&quot;},
	[&quot;kvu&quot;] = {&quot;Yinbaw Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;kvv&quot;] = {&quot;Kola&quot;},
	[&quot;kvw&quot;] = {&quot;Wersing&quot;},
	[&quot;kvx&quot;] = {&quot;Parkari Koli&quot;},
	[&quot;kvy&quot;] = {&quot;Yintale Karen&quot;, &quot;Yintale&quot;},
	[&quot;kvz&quot;] = {&quot;Tsakwambo&quot;, &quot;Tsaukambo&quot;},
	[&quot;kwa&quot;] = {&quot;Dâw&quot;},
	[&quot;kwb&quot;] = {&quot;Kwa&quot;},
	[&quot;kwc&quot;] = {&quot;Likwala&quot;},
	[&quot;kwd&quot;] = {&quot;Kwaio&quot;},
	[&quot;kwe&quot;] = {&quot;Kwerba&quot;},
	[&quot;kwf&quot;] = {&quot;Kwara'ae&quot;},
	[&quot;kwg&quot;] = {&quot;Sara Kaba Deme&quot;},
	[&quot;kwh&quot;] = {&quot;Kowiai&quot;},
	[&quot;kwi&quot;] = {&quot;Awa-Cuaiquer&quot;},
	[&quot;kwj&quot;] = {&quot;Kwanga&quot;},
	[&quot;kwk&quot;] = {&quot;Kwak'wala&quot;, &quot;Kwakiutl&quot;},
	[&quot;kwl&quot;] = {&quot;Kofyar&quot;},
	[&quot;kwm&quot;] = {&quot;Kwambi&quot;},
	[&quot;kwn&quot;] = {&quot;Kwangali&quot;},
	[&quot;kwo&quot;] = {&quot;Kwomtari&quot;},
	[&quot;kwp&quot;] = {&quot;Kodia&quot;},
	[&quot;kwr&quot;] = {&quot;Kwer&quot;},
	[&quot;kws&quot;] = {&quot;Kwese&quot;},
	[&quot;kwt&quot;] = {&quot;Kwesten&quot;},
	[&quot;kwu&quot;] = {&quot;Kwakum&quot;},
	[&quot;kwv&quot;] = {&quot;Sara Kaba Náà&quot;},
	[&quot;kww&quot;] = {&quot;Kwinti&quot;},
	[&quot;kwx&quot;] = {&quot;Khirwar&quot;},
	[&quot;kwy&quot;] = {&quot;San Salvador Kongo&quot;},
	[&quot;kwz&quot;] = {&quot;Kwadi&quot;},
	[&quot;kxa&quot;] = {&quot;Kairiru&quot;},
	[&quot;kxb&quot;] = {&quot;Krobu&quot;},
	[&quot;kxc&quot;] = {&quot;Konso&quot;, &quot;Khonso&quot;},
	[&quot;kxd&quot;] = {&quot;Brunei&quot;},
	[&quot;kxf&quot;] = {&quot;Manumanaw Karen&quot;, &quot;Manumanaw&quot;},
	[&quot;kxh&quot;] = {&quot;Karo (Ethiopia)&quot;},
	[&quot;kxi&quot;] = {&quot;Keningau Murut&quot;},
	[&quot;kxj&quot;] = {&quot;Kulfa&quot;},
	[&quot;kxk&quot;] = {&quot;Zayein Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;kxm&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Khmer&quot;},
	[&quot;kxn&quot;] = {&quot;Kanowit-Tanjong Melanau&quot;},
	[&quot;kxo&quot;] = {&quot;Kanoé&quot;},
	[&quot;kxp&quot;] = {&quot;Wadiyara Koli&quot;},
	[&quot;kxq&quot;] = {&quot;Smärky Kanum&quot;},
	[&quot;kxr&quot;] = {&quot;Koro (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;kxs&quot;] = {&quot;Kangjia&quot;},
	[&quot;kxt&quot;] = {&quot;Koiwat&quot;},
	[&quot;kxv&quot;] = {&quot;Kuvi&quot;},
	[&quot;kxw&quot;] = {&quot;Konai&quot;},
	[&quot;kxx&quot;] = {&quot;Likuba&quot;},
	[&quot;kxy&quot;] = {&quot;Kayong&quot;},
	[&quot;kxz&quot;] = {&quot;Kerewo&quot;},
	[&quot;kya&quot;] = {&quot;Kwaya&quot;},
	[&quot;kyb&quot;] = {&quot;Butbut Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;kyc&quot;] = {&quot;Kyaka&quot;},
	[&quot;kyd&quot;] = {&quot;Karey&quot;},
	[&quot;kye&quot;] = {&quot;Krache&quot;},
	[&quot;kyf&quot;] = {&quot;Kouya&quot;},
	[&quot;kyg&quot;] = {&quot;Keyagana&quot;},
	[&quot;kyh&quot;] = {&quot;Karok&quot;},
	[&quot;kyi&quot;] = {&quot;Kiput&quot;},
	[&quot;kyj&quot;] = {&quot;Karao&quot;},
	[&quot;kyk&quot;] = {&quot;Kamayo&quot;},
	[&quot;kyl&quot;] = {&quot;Kalapuya&quot;},
	[&quot;kym&quot;] = {&quot;Kpatili&quot;},
	[&quot;kyn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Binukidnon&quot;},
	[&quot;kyo&quot;] = {&quot;Kelon&quot;},
	[&quot;kyp&quot;] = {&quot;Kang&quot;},
	[&quot;kyq&quot;] = {&quot;Kenga&quot;},
	[&quot;kyr&quot;] = {&quot;Kuruáya&quot;},
	[&quot;kys&quot;] = {&quot;Baram Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;kyt&quot;] = {&quot;Kayagar&quot;},
	[&quot;kyu&quot;] = {&quot;Western Kayah&quot;},
	[&quot;kyv&quot;] = {&quot;Kayort&quot;},
	[&quot;kyw&quot;] = {&quot;Kudmali&quot;},
	[&quot;kyx&quot;] = {&quot;Rapoisi&quot;},
	[&quot;kyy&quot;] = {&quot;Kambaira&quot;},
	[&quot;kyz&quot;] = {&quot;Kayabí&quot;},
	[&quot;kza&quot;] = {&quot;Western Karaboro&quot;},
	[&quot;kzb&quot;] = {&quot;Kaibobo&quot;},
	[&quot;kzc&quot;] = {&quot;Bondoukou Kulango&quot;},
	[&quot;kzd&quot;] = {&quot;Kadai&quot;},
	[&quot;kze&quot;] = {&quot;Kosena&quot;},
	[&quot;kzf&quot;] = {&quot;Da'a Kaili&quot;},
	[&quot;kzg&quot;] = {&quot;Kikai&quot;},
	[&quot;kzi&quot;] = {&quot;Kelabit&quot;},
	[&quot;kzk&quot;] = {&quot;Kazukuru&quot;},
	[&quot;kzl&quot;] = {&quot;Kayeli&quot;},
	[&quot;kzm&quot;] = {&quot;Kais&quot;},
	[&quot;kzn&quot;] = {&quot;Kokola&quot;},
	[&quot;kzo&quot;] = {&quot;Kaningi&quot;},
	[&quot;kzp&quot;] = {&quot;Kaidipang&quot;},
	[&quot;kzq&quot;] = {&quot;Kaike&quot;},
	[&quot;kzr&quot;] = {&quot;Karang&quot;},
	[&quot;kzs&quot;] = {&quot;Sugut Dusun&quot;},
	[&quot;kzu&quot;] = {&quot;Kayupulau&quot;},
	[&quot;kzv&quot;] = {&quot;Komyandaret&quot;},
	[&quot;kzw&quot;] = {&quot;Karirí-Xocó&quot;},
	[&quot;kzx&quot;] = {&quot;Kamarian&quot;},
	[&quot;kzy&quot;] = {&quot;Kango (Tshopo District)&quot;},
	[&quot;kzz&quot;] = {&quot;Kalabra&quot;},
	[&quot;laa&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Subanen&quot;},
	[&quot;lab&quot;] = {&quot;Linear A&quot;},
	[&quot;lac&quot;] = {&quot;Lacandon&quot;},
	[&quot;lad&quot;] = {&quot;Ladino&quot;},
	[&quot;lae&quot;] = {&quot;Pattani&quot;},
	[&quot;laf&quot;] = {&quot;Lafofa&quot;},
	[&quot;lag&quot;] = {&quot;Rangi&quot;},
	[&quot;lah&quot;] = {&quot;Lahnda&quot;},
	[&quot;lai&quot;] = {&quot;Lambya&quot;},
	[&quot;laj&quot;] = {&quot;Lango (Uganda)&quot;},
	[&quot;lal&quot;] = {&quot;Lalia&quot;},
	[&quot;lam&quot;] = {&quot;Lamba&quot;},
	[&quot;lan&quot;] = {&quot;Laru&quot;},
	[&quot;lap&quot;] = {&quot;Laka (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;laq&quot;] = {&quot;Qabiao&quot;},
	[&quot;lar&quot;] = {&quot;Larteh&quot;},
	[&quot;las&quot;] = {&quot;Lama (Togo)&quot;},
	[&quot;lau&quot;] = {&quot;Laba&quot;},
	[&quot;law&quot;] = {&quot;Lauje&quot;},
	[&quot;lax&quot;] = {&quot;Tiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;lay&quot;] = {&quot;Lama Bai&quot;},
	[&quot;laz&quot;] = {&quot;Aribwatsa&quot;},
	[&quot;lbb&quot;] = {&quot;Label&quot;},
	[&quot;lbc&quot;] = {&quot;Lakkia&quot;},
	[&quot;lbe&quot;] = {&quot;Lak&quot;},
	[&quot;lbf&quot;] = {&quot;Tinani&quot;},
	[&quot;lbg&quot;] = {&quot;Laopang&quot;},
	[&quot;lbi&quot;] = {&quot;La'bi&quot;},
	[&quot;lbj&quot;] = {&quot;Ladakhi&quot;},
	[&quot;lbk&quot;] = {&quot;Central Bontok&quot;},
	[&quot;lbl&quot;] = {&quot;Libon Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;lbm&quot;] = {&quot;Lodhi&quot;},
	[&quot;lbn&quot;] = {&quot;Rmeet&quot;},
	[&quot;lbo&quot;] = {&quot;Laven&quot;},
	[&quot;lbq&quot;] = {&quot;Wampar&quot;},
	[&quot;lbr&quot;] = {&quot;Lohorung&quot;},
	[&quot;lbs&quot;] = {&quot;Libyan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lbt&quot;] = {&quot;Lachi&quot;},
	[&quot;lbu&quot;] = {&quot;Labu&quot;},
	[&quot;lbv&quot;] = {&quot;Lavatbura-Lamusong&quot;},
	[&quot;lbw&quot;] = {&quot;Tolaki&quot;},
	[&quot;lbx&quot;] = {&quot;Lawangan&quot;},
	[&quot;lby&quot;] = {&quot;Lamalama&quot;, &quot;Lamu-Lamu&quot;},
	[&quot;lbz&quot;] = {&quot;Lardil&quot;},
	[&quot;lcc&quot;] = {&quot;Legenyem&quot;},
	[&quot;lcd&quot;] = {&quot;Lola&quot;},
	[&quot;lce&quot;] = {&quot;Loncong&quot;, &quot;Sekak&quot;},
	[&quot;lcf&quot;] = {&quot;Lubu&quot;},
	[&quot;lch&quot;] = {&quot;Luchazi&quot;},
	[&quot;lcl&quot;] = {&quot;Lisela&quot;},
	[&quot;lcm&quot;] = {&quot;Tungag&quot;},
	[&quot;lcp&quot;] = {&quot;Western Lawa&quot;},
	[&quot;lcq&quot;] = {&quot;Luhu&quot;},
	[&quot;lcs&quot;] = {&quot;Lisabata-Nuniali&quot;},
	[&quot;lda&quot;] = {&quot;Kla-Dan&quot;},
	[&quot;ldb&quot;] = {&quot;Dũya&quot;},
	[&quot;ldd&quot;] = {&quot;Luri&quot;},
	[&quot;ldg&quot;] = {&quot;Lenyima&quot;},
	[&quot;ldh&quot;] = {&quot;Lamja-Dengsa-Tola&quot;},
	[&quot;ldi&quot;] = {&quot;Laari&quot;},
	[&quot;ldj&quot;] = {&quot;Lemoro&quot;},
	[&quot;ldk&quot;] = {&quot;Leelau&quot;},
	[&quot;ldl&quot;] = {&quot;Kaan&quot;},
	[&quot;ldm&quot;] = {&quot;Landoma&quot;},
	[&quot;ldn&quot;] = {&quot;Láadan&quot;},
	[&quot;ldo&quot;] = {&quot;Loo&quot;},
	[&quot;ldp&quot;] = {&quot;Tso&quot;},
	[&quot;ldq&quot;] = {&quot;Lufu&quot;},
	[&quot;lea&quot;] = {&quot;Lega-Shabunda&quot;},
	[&quot;leb&quot;] = {&quot;Lala-Bisa&quot;},
	[&quot;lec&quot;] = {&quot;Leco&quot;},
	[&quot;led&quot;] = {&quot;Lendu&quot;},
	[&quot;lee&quot;] = {&quot;Lyélé&quot;},
	[&quot;lef&quot;] = {&quot;Lelemi&quot;},
	[&quot;leh&quot;] = {&quot;Lenje&quot;},
	[&quot;lei&quot;] = {&quot;Lemio&quot;},
	[&quot;lej&quot;] = {&quot;Lengola&quot;},
	[&quot;lek&quot;] = {&quot;Leipon&quot;},
	[&quot;lel&quot;] = {&quot;Lele (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;lem&quot;] = {&quot;Nomaande&quot;},
	[&quot;len&quot;] = {&quot;Lenca&quot;},
	[&quot;leo&quot;] = {&quot;Leti (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;lep&quot;] = {&quot;Lepcha&quot;},
	[&quot;leq&quot;] = {&quot;Lembena&quot;},
	[&quot;ler&quot;] = {&quot;Lenkau&quot;},
	[&quot;les&quot;] = {&quot;Lese&quot;},
	[&quot;let&quot;] = {&quot;Lesing-Gelimi&quot;, &quot;Amio-Gelimi&quot;},
	[&quot;leu&quot;] = {&quot;Kara (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;lev&quot;] = {&quot;Lamma&quot;},
	[&quot;lew&quot;] = {&quot;Ledo Kaili&quot;},
	[&quot;lex&quot;] = {&quot;Luang&quot;},
	[&quot;ley&quot;] = {&quot;Lemolang&quot;},
	[&quot;lez&quot;] = {&quot;Lezghian&quot;},
	[&quot;lfa&quot;] = {&quot;Lefa&quot;},
	[&quot;lfb&quot;] = {&quot;Buu (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;lfn&quot;] = {&quot;Lingua Franca Nova&quot;},
	[&quot;lga&quot;] = {&quot;Lungga&quot;},
	[&quot;lgb&quot;] = {&quot;Laghu&quot;},
	[&quot;lgg&quot;] = {&quot;Lugbara&quot;},
	[&quot;lgh&quot;] = {&quot;Laghuu&quot;},
	[&quot;lgi&quot;] = {&quot;Lengilu&quot;},
	[&quot;lgk&quot;] = {&quot;Lingarak&quot;, &quot;Neverver&quot;},
	[&quot;lgl&quot;] = {&quot;Wala&quot;},
	[&quot;lgm&quot;] = {&quot;Lega-Mwenga&quot;},
	[&quot;lgn&quot;] = {&quot;T'apo&quot;, &quot;Opuuo&quot;},
	[&quot;lgo&quot;] = {&quot;Lango (South Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;lgq&quot;] = {&quot;Logba&quot;},
	[&quot;lgr&quot;] = {&quot;Lengo&quot;},
	[&quot;lgs&quot;] = {&quot;Guinea-Bissau Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Língua Gestual Guineense&quot;},
	[&quot;lgt&quot;] = {&quot;Pahi&quot;},
	[&quot;lgu&quot;] = {&quot;Longgu&quot;},
	[&quot;lgz&quot;] = {&quot;Ligenza&quot;},
	[&quot;lha&quot;] = {&quot;Laha (Viet Nam)&quot;},
	[&quot;lhh&quot;] = {&quot;Laha (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;lhi&quot;] = {&quot;Lahu Shi&quot;},
	[&quot;lhl&quot;] = {&quot;Lahul Lohar&quot;},
	[&quot;lhm&quot;] = {&quot;Lhomi&quot;},
	[&quot;lhn&quot;] = {&quot;Lahanan&quot;},
	[&quot;lhp&quot;] = {&quot;Lhokpu&quot;},
	[&quot;lhs&quot;] = {&quot;Mlahsö&quot;},
	[&quot;lht&quot;] = {&quot;Lo-Toga&quot;},
	[&quot;lhu&quot;] = {&quot;Lahu&quot;},
	[&quot;lia&quot;] = {&quot;West-Central Limba&quot;},
	[&quot;lib&quot;] = {&quot;Likum&quot;},
	[&quot;lic&quot;] = {&quot;Hlai&quot;},
	[&quot;lid&quot;] = {&quot;Nyindrou&quot;},
	[&quot;lie&quot;] = {&quot;Likila&quot;},
	[&quot;lif&quot;] = {&quot;Limbu&quot;},
	[&quot;lig&quot;] = {&quot;Ligbi&quot;},
	[&quot;lih&quot;] = {&quot;Lihir&quot;},
	[&quot;lij&quot;] = {&quot;Ligurian&quot;},
	[&quot;lik&quot;] = {&quot;Lika&quot;},
	[&quot;lil&quot;] = {&quot;Lillooet&quot;},
	[&quot;lio&quot;] = {&quot;Liki&quot;},
	[&quot;lip&quot;] = {&quot;Sekpele&quot;},
	[&quot;liq&quot;] = {&quot;Libido&quot;},
	[&quot;lir&quot;] = {&quot;Liberian English&quot;},
	[&quot;lis&quot;] = {&quot;Lisu&quot;},
	[&quot;liu&quot;] = {&quot;Logorik&quot;},
	[&quot;liv&quot;] = {&quot;Liv&quot;},
	[&quot;liw&quot;] = {&quot;Col&quot;},
	[&quot;lix&quot;] = {&quot;Liabuku&quot;},
	[&quot;liy&quot;] = {&quot;Banda-Bambari&quot;},
	[&quot;liz&quot;] = {&quot;Libinza&quot;},
	[&quot;lja&quot;] = {&quot;Golpa&quot;},
	[&quot;lje&quot;] = {&quot;Rampi&quot;},
	[&quot;lji&quot;] = {&quot;Laiyolo&quot;},
	[&quot;ljl&quot;] = {&quot;Li'o&quot;},
	[&quot;ljp&quot;] = {&quot;Lampung Api&quot;},
	[&quot;ljw&quot;] = {&quot;Yirandali&quot;},
	[&quot;ljx&quot;] = {&quot;Yuru&quot;},
	[&quot;lka&quot;] = {&quot;Lakalei&quot;},
	[&quot;lkb&quot;] = {&quot;Kabras&quot;, &quot;Lukabaras&quot;},
	[&quot;lkc&quot;] = {&quot;Kucong&quot;},
	[&quot;lkd&quot;] = {&quot;Lakondê&quot;},
	[&quot;lke&quot;] = {&quot;Kenyi&quot;},
	[&quot;lkh&quot;] = {&quot;Lakha&quot;},
	[&quot;lki&quot;] = {&quot;Laki&quot;},
	[&quot;lkj&quot;] = {&quot;Remun&quot;},
	[&quot;lkl&quot;] = {&quot;Laeko-Libuat&quot;},
	[&quot;lkm&quot;] = {&quot;Kalaamaya&quot;},
	[&quot;lkn&quot;] = {&quot;Lakon&quot;, &quot;Vure&quot;},
	[&quot;lko&quot;] = {&quot;Khayo&quot;, &quot;Olukhayo&quot;},
	[&quot;lkr&quot;] = {&quot;Päri&quot;},
	[&quot;lks&quot;] = {&quot;Kisa&quot;, &quot;Olushisa&quot;},
	[&quot;lkt&quot;] = {&quot;Lakota&quot;},
	[&quot;lku&quot;] = {&quot;Kungkari&quot;},
	[&quot;lky&quot;] = {&quot;Lokoya&quot;},
	[&quot;lla&quot;] = {&quot;Lala-Roba&quot;},
	[&quot;llb&quot;] = {&quot;Lolo&quot;},
	[&quot;llc&quot;] = {&quot;Lele (Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;lld&quot;] = {&quot;Ladin&quot;},
	[&quot;lle&quot;] = {&quot;Lele (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;llf&quot;] = {&quot;Hermit&quot;},
	[&quot;llg&quot;] = {&quot;Lole&quot;},
	[&quot;llh&quot;] = {&quot;Lamu&quot;},
	[&quot;lli&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Laali&quot;},
	[&quot;llj&quot;] = {&quot;Ladji Ladji&quot;},
	[&quot;llk&quot;] = {&quot;Lelak&quot;},
	[&quot;lll&quot;] = {&quot;Lilau&quot;},
	[&quot;llm&quot;] = {&quot;Lasalimu&quot;},
	[&quot;lln&quot;] = {&quot;Lele (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;llp&quot;] = {&quot;North Efate&quot;},
	[&quot;llq&quot;] = {&quot;Lolak&quot;},
	[&quot;lls&quot;] = {&quot;Lithuanian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;llu&quot;] = {&quot;Lau&quot;},
	[&quot;llx&quot;] = {&quot;Lauan&quot;},
	[&quot;lma&quot;] = {&quot;East Limba&quot;},
	[&quot;lmb&quot;] = {&quot;Merei&quot;},
	[&quot;lmc&quot;] = {&quot;Limilngan&quot;},
	[&quot;lmd&quot;] = {&quot;Lumun&quot;},
	[&quot;lme&quot;] = {&quot;Pévé&quot;},
	[&quot;lmf&quot;] = {&quot;South Lembata&quot;},
	[&quot;lmg&quot;] = {&quot;Lamogai&quot;},
	[&quot;lmh&quot;] = {&quot;Lambichhong&quot;},
	[&quot;lmi&quot;] = {&quot;Lombi&quot;},
	[&quot;lmj&quot;] = {&quot;West Lembata&quot;},
	[&quot;lmk&quot;] = {&quot;Lamkang&quot;},
	[&quot;lml&quot;] = {&quot;Hano&quot;},
	[&quot;lmn&quot;] = {&quot;Lambadi&quot;},
	[&quot;lmo&quot;] = {&quot;Lombard&quot;},
	[&quot;lmp&quot;] = {&quot;Limbum&quot;},
	[&quot;lmq&quot;] = {&quot;Lamatuka&quot;},
	[&quot;lmr&quot;] = {&quot;Lamalera&quot;},
	[&quot;lmu&quot;] = {&quot;Lamenu&quot;},
	[&quot;lmv&quot;] = {&quot;Lomaiviti&quot;},
	[&quot;lmw&quot;] = {&quot;Lake Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;lmx&quot;] = {&quot;Laimbue&quot;},
	[&quot;lmy&quot;] = {&quot;Lamboya&quot;},
	[&quot;lna&quot;] = {&quot;Langbashe&quot;},
	[&quot;lnb&quot;] = {&quot;Mbalanhu&quot;},
	[&quot;lnd&quot;] = {&quot;Lundayeh&quot;, &quot;Lun Bawang&quot;},
	[&quot;lng&quot;] = {&quot;Langobardic&quot;},
	[&quot;lnh&quot;] = {&quot;Lanoh&quot;},
	[&quot;lni&quot;] = {&quot;Daantanai'&quot;},
	[&quot;lnj&quot;] = {&quot;Leningitij&quot;},
	[&quot;lnl&quot;] = {&quot;South Central Banda&quot;},
	[&quot;lnm&quot;] = {&quot;Langam&quot;},
	[&quot;lnn&quot;] = {&quot;Lorediakarkar&quot;},
	[&quot;lns&quot;] = {&quot;Lamnso'&quot;},
	[&quot;lnu&quot;] = {&quot;Longuda&quot;},
	[&quot;lnw&quot;] = {&quot;Lanima&quot;},
	[&quot;lnz&quot;] = {&quot;Lonzo&quot;},
	[&quot;loa&quot;] = {&quot;Loloda&quot;},
	[&quot;lob&quot;] = {&quot;Lobi&quot;},
	[&quot;loc&quot;] = {&quot;Inonhan&quot;},
	[&quot;loe&quot;] = {&quot;Saluan&quot;},
	[&quot;lof&quot;] = {&quot;Logol&quot;},
	[&quot;log&quot;] = {&quot;Logo&quot;},
	[&quot;loh&quot;] = {&quot;Laarim&quot;, &quot;Narim&quot;},
	[&quot;loi&quot;] = {&quot;Loma (Côte d'Ivoire)&quot;},
	[&quot;loj&quot;] = {&quot;Lou&quot;},
	[&quot;lok&quot;] = {&quot;Loko&quot;},
	[&quot;lol&quot;] = {&quot;Mongo&quot;},
	[&quot;lom&quot;] = {&quot;Loma (Liberia)&quot;},
	[&quot;lon&quot;] = {&quot;Malawi Lomwe&quot;},
	[&quot;loo&quot;] = {&quot;Lombo&quot;},
	[&quot;lop&quot;] = {&quot;Lopa&quot;},
	[&quot;loq&quot;] = {&quot;Lobala&quot;},
	[&quot;lor&quot;] = {&quot;Téén&quot;},
	[&quot;los&quot;] = {&quot;Loniu&quot;},
	[&quot;lot&quot;] = {&quot;Otuho&quot;},
	[&quot;lou&quot;] = {&quot;Louisiana Creole&quot;},
	[&quot;lov&quot;] = {&quot;Lopi&quot;},
	[&quot;low&quot;] = {&quot;Tampias Lobu&quot;},
	[&quot;lox&quot;] = {&quot;Loun&quot;},
	[&quot;loy&quot;] = {&quot;Loke&quot;},
	[&quot;loz&quot;] = {&quot;Lozi&quot;},
	[&quot;lpa&quot;] = {&quot;Lelepa&quot;},
	[&quot;lpe&quot;] = {&quot;Lepki&quot;},
	[&quot;lpn&quot;] = {&quot;Long Phuri Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;lpo&quot;] = {&quot;Lipo&quot;},
	[&quot;lpx&quot;] = {&quot;Lopit&quot;},
	[&quot;lqr&quot;] = {&quot;Logir&quot;},
	[&quot;lra&quot;] = {&quot;Rara Bakati'&quot;},
	[&quot;lrc&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Luri&quot;},
	[&quot;lre&quot;] = {&quot;Laurentian&quot;},
	[&quot;lrg&quot;] = {&quot;Laragia&quot;},
	[&quot;lri&quot;] = {&quot;Marachi&quot;, &quot;Olumarachi&quot;},
	[&quot;lrk&quot;] = {&quot;Loarki&quot;},
	[&quot;lrl&quot;] = {&quot;Lari&quot;},
	[&quot;lrm&quot;] = {&quot;Marama&quot;, &quot;Olumarama&quot;},
	[&quot;lrn&quot;] = {&quot;Lorang&quot;},
	[&quot;lro&quot;] = {&quot;Laro&quot;},
	[&quot;lrr&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Yamphu&quot;},
	[&quot;lrt&quot;] = {&quot;Larantuka Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;lrv&quot;] = {&quot;Larevat&quot;},
	[&quot;lrz&quot;] = {&quot;Lemerig&quot;},
	[&quot;lsa&quot;] = {&quot;Lasgerdi&quot;},
	[&quot;lsb&quot;] = {&quot;Burundian Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Langue des Signes Burundaise&quot;},
	[&quot;lsc&quot;] = {&quot;Albarradas Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Lengua de señas Albarradas&quot;},
	[&quot;lsd&quot;] = {&quot;Lishana Deni&quot;},
	[&quot;lse&quot;] = {&quot;Lusengo&quot;},
	[&quot;lsh&quot;] = {&quot;Lish&quot;},
	[&quot;lsi&quot;] = {&quot;Lashi&quot;},
	[&quot;lsl&quot;] = {&quot;Latvian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lsm&quot;] = {&quot;Saamia&quot;, &quot;Olusamia&quot;},
	[&quot;lsn&quot;] = {&quot;Tibetan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lso&quot;] = {&quot;Laos Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lsp&quot;] = {&quot;Panamanian Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Lengua de Señas Panameñas&quot;},
	[&quot;lsr&quot;] = {&quot;Aruop&quot;},
	[&quot;lss&quot;] = {&quot;Lasi&quot;},
	[&quot;lst&quot;] = {&quot;Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lsv&quot;] = {&quot;Sivia Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lsw&quot;] = {&quot;Seychelles Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Lalang Siny Seselwa&quot;, &quot;Langue des Signes Seychelloise&quot;},
	[&quot;lsy&quot;] = {&quot;Mauritian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ltc&quot;] = {&quot;Late Middle Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;ltg&quot;] = {&quot;Latgalian&quot;},
	[&quot;lth&quot;] = {&quot;Thur&quot;},
	[&quot;lti&quot;] = {&quot;Leti (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;ltn&quot;] = {&quot;Latundê&quot;},
	[&quot;lto&quot;] = {&quot;Tsotso&quot;, &quot;Olutsotso&quot;},
	[&quot;lts&quot;] = {&quot;Tachoni&quot;, &quot;Lutachoni&quot;},
	[&quot;ltu&quot;] = {&quot;Latu&quot;},
	[&quot;lua&quot;] = {&quot;Luba-Lulua&quot;},
	[&quot;luc&quot;] = {&quot;Aringa&quot;},
	[&quot;lud&quot;] = {&quot;Ludian&quot;},
	[&quot;lue&quot;] = {&quot;Luvale&quot;},
	[&quot;luf&quot;] = {&quot;Laua&quot;},
	[&quot;luh&quot;] = {&quot;Leizhou Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;lui&quot;] = {&quot;Luiseño&quot;},
	[&quot;luj&quot;] = {&quot;Luna&quot;},
	[&quot;luk&quot;] = {&quot;Lunanakha&quot;},
	[&quot;lul&quot;] = {&quot;Olu'bo&quot;},
	[&quot;lum&quot;] = {&quot;Luimbi&quot;},
	[&quot;lun&quot;] = {&quot;Lunda&quot;},
	[&quot;luo&quot;] = {&quot;Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)&quot;, &quot;Dholuo&quot;},
	[&quot;lup&quot;] = {&quot;Lumbu&quot;},
	[&quot;luq&quot;] = {&quot;Lucumi&quot;},
	[&quot;lur&quot;] = {&quot;Laura&quot;},
	[&quot;lus&quot;] = {&quot;Lushai&quot;},
	[&quot;lut&quot;] = {&quot;Lushootseed&quot;},
	[&quot;luu&quot;] = {&quot;Lumba-Yakkha&quot;},
	[&quot;luv&quot;] = {&quot;Luwati&quot;},
	[&quot;luw&quot;] = {&quot;Luo (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;luy&quot;] = {&quot;Luyia&quot;, &quot;Oluluyia&quot;},
	[&quot;luz&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Luri&quot;},
	[&quot;lva&quot;] = {&quot;Maku'a&quot;},
	[&quot;lvi&quot;] = {&quot;Lavi&quot;},
	[&quot;lvk&quot;] = {&quot;Lavukaleve&quot;},
	[&quot;lvl&quot;] = {&quot;Lwel&quot;},
	[&quot;lvs&quot;] = {&quot;Standard Latvian&quot;},
	[&quot;lvu&quot;] = {&quot;Levuka&quot;},
	[&quot;lwa&quot;] = {&quot;Lwalu&quot;},
	[&quot;lwe&quot;] = {&quot;Lewo Eleng&quot;},
	[&quot;lwg&quot;] = {&quot;Wanga&quot;, &quot;Oluwanga&quot;},
	[&quot;lwh&quot;] = {&quot;White Lachi&quot;},
	[&quot;lwl&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Lawa&quot;},
	[&quot;lwm&quot;] = {&quot;Laomian&quot;},
	[&quot;lwo&quot;] = {&quot;Luwo&quot;},
	[&quot;lws&quot;] = {&quot;Malawian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;lwt&quot;] = {&quot;Lewotobi&quot;},
	[&quot;lwu&quot;] = {&quot;Lawu&quot;},
	[&quot;lww&quot;] = {&quot;Lewo&quot;},
	[&quot;lxm&quot;] = {&quot;Lakurumau&quot;},
	[&quot;lya&quot;] = {&quot;Layakha&quot;},
	[&quot;lyg&quot;] = {&quot;Lyngngam&quot;},
	[&quot;lyn&quot;] = {&quot;Luyana&quot;},
	[&quot;lzh&quot;] = {&quot;Literary Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;lzl&quot;] = {&quot;Litzlitz&quot;},
	[&quot;lzn&quot;] = {&quot;Leinong Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;lzz&quot;] = {&quot;Laz&quot;},
	[&quot;maa&quot;] = {&quot;San Jerónimo Tecóatl Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;mab&quot;] = {&quot;Yutanduchi Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mad&quot;] = {&quot;Madurese&quot;},
	[&quot;mae&quot;] = {&quot;Bo-Rukul&quot;},
	[&quot;maf&quot;] = {&quot;Mafa&quot;},
	[&quot;mag&quot;] = {&quot;Magahi&quot;},
	[&quot;mai&quot;] = {&quot;Maithili&quot;},
	[&quot;maj&quot;] = {&quot;Jalapa De Díaz Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;mak&quot;] = {&quot;Makasar&quot;},
	[&quot;mam&quot;] = {&quot;Mam&quot;},
	[&quot;man&quot;] = {&quot;Mandingo&quot;, &quot;Manding&quot;},
	[&quot;map&quot;] = {&quot;Austronesian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;maq&quot;] = {&quot;Chiquihuitlán Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;mas&quot;] = {&quot;Masai&quot;},
	[&quot;mat&quot;] = {&quot;San Francisco Matlatzinca&quot;},
	[&quot;mau&quot;] = {&quot;Huautla Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;mav&quot;] = {&quot;Sateré-Mawé&quot;},
	[&quot;maw&quot;] = {&quot;Mampruli&quot;},
	[&quot;max&quot;] = {&quot;North Moluccan Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;maz&quot;] = {&quot;Central Mazahua&quot;},
	[&quot;mba&quot;] = {&quot;Higaonon&quot;},
	[&quot;mbb&quot;] = {&quot;Western Bukidnon Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mbc&quot;] = {&quot;Macushi&quot;},
	[&quot;mbd&quot;] = {&quot;Dibabawon Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mbe&quot;] = {&quot;Molale&quot;},
	[&quot;mbf&quot;] = {&quot;Baba Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mbh&quot;] = {&quot;Mangseng&quot;},
	[&quot;mbi&quot;] = {&quot;Ilianen Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mbj&quot;] = {&quot;Nadëb&quot;},
	[&quot;mbk&quot;] = {&quot;Malol&quot;},
	[&quot;mbl&quot;] = {&quot;Maxakalí&quot;},
	[&quot;mbm&quot;] = {&quot;Ombamba&quot;},
	[&quot;mbn&quot;] = {&quot;Macaguán&quot;},
	[&quot;mbo&quot;] = {&quot;Mbo (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;mbp&quot;] = {&quot;Malayo&quot;},
	[&quot;mbq&quot;] = {&quot;Maisin&quot;},
	[&quot;mbr&quot;] = {&quot;Nukak Makú&quot;},
	[&quot;mbs&quot;] = {&quot;Sarangani Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mbt&quot;] = {&quot;Matigsalug Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mbu&quot;] = {&quot;Mbula-Bwazza&quot;},
	[&quot;mbv&quot;] = {&quot;Mbulungish&quot;},
	[&quot;mbw&quot;] = {&quot;Maring&quot;},
	[&quot;mbx&quot;] = {&quot;Mari (East Sepik Province)&quot;},
	[&quot;mby&quot;] = {&quot;Memoni&quot;},
	[&quot;mbz&quot;] = {&quot;Amoltepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mca&quot;] = {&quot;Maca&quot;},
	[&quot;mcb&quot;] = {&quot;Machiguenga&quot;},
	[&quot;mcc&quot;] = {&quot;Bitur&quot;},
	[&quot;mcd&quot;] = {&quot;Sharanahua&quot;},
	[&quot;mce&quot;] = {&quot;Itundujia Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mcf&quot;] = {&quot;Matsés&quot;},
	[&quot;mcg&quot;] = {&quot;Mapoyo&quot;},
	[&quot;mch&quot;] = {&quot;Maquiritari&quot;},
	[&quot;mci&quot;] = {&quot;Mese&quot;},
	[&quot;mcj&quot;] = {&quot;Mvanip&quot;},
	[&quot;mck&quot;] = {&quot;Mbunda&quot;},
	[&quot;mcl&quot;] = {&quot;Macaguaje&quot;},
	[&quot;mcm&quot;] = {&quot;Malaccan Creole Portuguese&quot;},
	[&quot;mcn&quot;] = {&quot;Masana&quot;},
	[&quot;mco&quot;] = {&quot;Coatlán Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;mcp&quot;] = {&quot;Makaa&quot;},
	[&quot;mcq&quot;] = {&quot;Ese&quot;},
	[&quot;mcr&quot;] = {&quot;Menya&quot;},
	[&quot;mcs&quot;] = {&quot;Mambai&quot;},
	[&quot;mct&quot;] = {&quot;Mengisa&quot;},
	[&quot;mcu&quot;] = {&quot;Cameroon Mambila&quot;},
	[&quot;mcv&quot;] = {&quot;Minanibai&quot;},
	[&quot;mcw&quot;] = {&quot;Mawa (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;mcx&quot;] = {&quot;Mpiemo&quot;},
	[&quot;mcy&quot;] = {&quot;South Watut&quot;},
	[&quot;mcz&quot;] = {&quot;Mawan&quot;},
	[&quot;mda&quot;] = {&quot;Mada (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;mdb&quot;] = {&quot;Morigi&quot;},
	[&quot;mdc&quot;] = {&quot;Male (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;mdd&quot;] = {&quot;Mbum&quot;},
	[&quot;mde&quot;] = {&quot;Maba (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;mdf&quot;] = {&quot;Moksha&quot;},
	[&quot;mdg&quot;] = {&quot;Massalat&quot;},
	[&quot;mdh&quot;] = {&quot;Maguindanaon&quot;},
	[&quot;mdi&quot;] = {&quot;Mamvu&quot;},
	[&quot;mdj&quot;] = {&quot;Mangbetu&quot;},
	[&quot;mdk&quot;] = {&quot;Mangbutu&quot;},
	[&quot;mdl&quot;] = {&quot;Maltese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mdm&quot;] = {&quot;Mayogo&quot;},
	[&quot;mdn&quot;] = {&quot;Mbati&quot;},
	[&quot;mdp&quot;] = {&quot;Mbala&quot;},
	[&quot;mdq&quot;] = {&quot;Mbole&quot;},
	[&quot;mdr&quot;] = {&quot;Mandar&quot;},
	[&quot;mds&quot;] = {&quot;Maria (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;mdt&quot;] = {&quot;Mbere&quot;},
	[&quot;mdu&quot;] = {&quot;Mboko&quot;},
	[&quot;mdv&quot;] = {&quot;Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mdw&quot;] = {&quot;Mbosi&quot;},
	[&quot;mdx&quot;] = {&quot;Dizin&quot;},
	[&quot;mdy&quot;] = {&quot;Male (Ethiopia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mdz&quot;] = {&quot;Suruí Do Pará&quot;},
	[&quot;mea&quot;] = {&quot;Menka&quot;},
	[&quot;meb&quot;] = {&quot;Ikobi&quot;},
	[&quot;mec&quot;] = {&quot;Marra&quot;},
	[&quot;med&quot;] = {&quot;Melpa&quot;},
	[&quot;mee&quot;] = {&quot;Mengen&quot;},
	[&quot;mef&quot;] = {&quot;Megam&quot;},
	[&quot;meh&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mei&quot;] = {&quot;Midob&quot;},
	[&quot;mej&quot;] = {&quot;Meyah&quot;},
	[&quot;mek&quot;] = {&quot;Mekeo&quot;},
	[&quot;mel&quot;] = {&quot;Central Melanau&quot;},
	[&quot;mem&quot;] = {&quot;Mangala&quot;},
	[&quot;men&quot;] = {&quot;Mende (Sierra Leone)&quot;},
	[&quot;meo&quot;] = {&quot;Kedah Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mep&quot;] = {&quot;Miriwoong&quot;},
	[&quot;meq&quot;] = {&quot;Merey&quot;},
	[&quot;mer&quot;] = {&quot;Meru&quot;},
	[&quot;mes&quot;] = {&quot;Masmaje&quot;},
	[&quot;met&quot;] = {&quot;Mato&quot;},
	[&quot;meu&quot;] = {&quot;Motu&quot;},
	[&quot;mev&quot;] = {&quot;Mano&quot;},
	[&quot;mew&quot;] = {&quot;Maaka&quot;},
	[&quot;mey&quot;] = {&quot;Hassaniyya&quot;},
	[&quot;mez&quot;] = {&quot;Menominee&quot;},
	[&quot;mfa&quot;] = {&quot;Pattani Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mfb&quot;] = {&quot;Bangka&quot;},
	[&quot;mfc&quot;] = {&quot;Mba&quot;},
	[&quot;mfd&quot;] = {&quot;Mendankwe-Nkwen&quot;},
	[&quot;mfe&quot;] = {&quot;Morisyen&quot;},
	[&quot;mff&quot;] = {&quot;Naki&quot;},
	[&quot;mfg&quot;] = {&quot;Mogofin&quot;},
	[&quot;mfh&quot;] = {&quot;Matal&quot;},
	[&quot;mfi&quot;] = {&quot;Wandala&quot;},
	[&quot;mfj&quot;] = {&quot;Mefele&quot;},
	[&quot;mfk&quot;] = {&quot;North Mofu&quot;},
	[&quot;mfl&quot;] = {&quot;Putai&quot;},
	[&quot;mfm&quot;] = {&quot;Marghi South&quot;},
	[&quot;mfn&quot;] = {&quot;Cross River Mbembe&quot;},
	[&quot;mfo&quot;] = {&quot;Mbe&quot;},
	[&quot;mfp&quot;] = {&quot;Makassar Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mfq&quot;] = {&quot;Moba&quot;},
	[&quot;mfr&quot;] = {&quot;Marrithiyel&quot;},
	[&quot;mfs&quot;] = {&quot;Mexican Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mft&quot;] = {&quot;Mokerang&quot;},
	[&quot;mfu&quot;] = {&quot;Mbwela&quot;},
	[&quot;mfv&quot;] = {&quot;Mandjak&quot;},
	[&quot;mfw&quot;] = {&quot;Mulaha&quot;},
	[&quot;mfx&quot;] = {&quot;Melo&quot;},
	[&quot;mfy&quot;] = {&quot;Mayo&quot;},
	[&quot;mfz&quot;] = {&quot;Mabaan&quot;},
	[&quot;mga&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Irish (900-1200)&quot;},
	[&quot;mgb&quot;] = {&quot;Mararit&quot;},
	[&quot;mgc&quot;] = {&quot;Morokodo&quot;},
	[&quot;mgd&quot;] = {&quot;Moru&quot;},
	[&quot;mge&quot;] = {&quot;Mango&quot;},
	[&quot;mgf&quot;] = {&quot;Maklew&quot;},
	[&quot;mgg&quot;] = {&quot;Mpumpong&quot;},
	[&quot;mgh&quot;] = {&quot;Makhuwa-Meetto&quot;},
	[&quot;mgi&quot;] = {&quot;Lijili&quot;},
	[&quot;mgj&quot;] = {&quot;Abureni&quot;},
	[&quot;mgk&quot;] = {&quot;Mawes&quot;},
	[&quot;mgl&quot;] = {&quot;Maleu-Kilenge&quot;},
	[&quot;mgm&quot;] = {&quot;Mambae&quot;},
	[&quot;mgn&quot;] = {&quot;Mbangi&quot;},
	[&quot;mgo&quot;] = {&quot;Meta'&quot;},
	[&quot;mgp&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Magar&quot;},
	[&quot;mgq&quot;] = {&quot;Malila&quot;},
	[&quot;mgr&quot;] = {&quot;Mambwe-Lungu&quot;},
	[&quot;mgs&quot;] = {&quot;Manda (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;mgt&quot;] = {&quot;Mongol&quot;},
	[&quot;mgu&quot;] = {&quot;Mailu&quot;},
	[&quot;mgv&quot;] = {&quot;Matengo&quot;},
	[&quot;mgw&quot;] = {&quot;Matumbi&quot;},
	[&quot;mgy&quot;] = {&quot;Mbunga&quot;},
	[&quot;mgz&quot;] = {&quot;Mbugwe&quot;},
	[&quot;mha&quot;] = {&quot;Manda (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;mhb&quot;] = {&quot;Mahongwe&quot;},
	[&quot;mhc&quot;] = {&quot;Mocho&quot;},
	[&quot;mhd&quot;] = {&quot;Mbugu&quot;},
	[&quot;mhe&quot;] = {&quot;Besisi&quot;, &quot;Mah Meri&quot;},
	[&quot;mhf&quot;] = {&quot;Mamaa&quot;},
	[&quot;mhg&quot;] = {&quot;Margu&quot;},
	[&quot;mhi&quot;] = {&quot;Ma'di&quot;},
	[&quot;mhj&quot;] = {&quot;Mogholi&quot;},
	[&quot;mhk&quot;] = {&quot;Mungaka&quot;},
	[&quot;mhl&quot;] = {&quot;Mauwake&quot;},
	[&quot;mhm&quot;] = {&quot;Makhuwa-Moniga&quot;},
	[&quot;mhn&quot;] = {&quot;Mòcheno&quot;},
	[&quot;mho&quot;] = {&quot;Mashi (Zambia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mhp&quot;] = {&quot;Balinese Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mhq&quot;] = {&quot;Mandan&quot;},
	[&quot;mhr&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Mari&quot;},
	[&quot;mhs&quot;] = {&quot;Buru (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mht&quot;] = {&quot;Mandahuaca&quot;},
	[&quot;mhu&quot;] = {&quot;Digaro-Mishmi&quot;, &quot;Darang Deng&quot;},
	[&quot;mhw&quot;] = {&quot;Mbukushu&quot;},
	[&quot;mhx&quot;] = {&quot;Maru&quot;, &quot;Lhaovo&quot;},
	[&quot;mhy&quot;] = {&quot;Ma'anyan&quot;},
	[&quot;mhz&quot;] = {&quot;Mor (Mor Islands)&quot;},
	[&quot;mia&quot;] = {&quot;Miami&quot;},
	[&quot;mib&quot;] = {&quot;Atatláhuca Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mic&quot;] = {&quot;Mi'kmaq&quot;, &quot;Micmac&quot;},
	[&quot;mid&quot;] = {&quot;Mandaic&quot;},
	[&quot;mie&quot;] = {&quot;Ocotepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mif&quot;] = {&quot;Mofu-Gudur&quot;},
	[&quot;mig&quot;] = {&quot;San Miguel El Grande Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mih&quot;] = {&quot;Chayuco Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mii&quot;] = {&quot;Chigmecatitlán Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mij&quot;] = {&quot;Abar&quot;, &quot;Mungbam&quot;},
	[&quot;mik&quot;] = {&quot;Mikasuki&quot;},
	[&quot;mil&quot;] = {&quot;Peñoles Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mim&quot;] = {&quot;Alacatlatzala Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;min&quot;] = {&quot;Minangkabau&quot;},
	[&quot;mio&quot;] = {&quot;Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mip&quot;] = {&quot;Apasco-Apoala Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;miq&quot;] = {&quot;Mískito&quot;},
	[&quot;mir&quot;] = {&quot;Isthmus Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;mis&quot;] = {&quot;Uncoded languages&quot;},
	[&quot;mit&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Puebla Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;miu&quot;] = {&quot;Cacaloxtepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;miw&quot;] = {&quot;Akoye&quot;},
	[&quot;mix&quot;] = {&quot;Mixtepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;miy&quot;] = {&quot;Ayutla Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;miz&quot;] = {&quot;Coatzospan Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mjb&quot;] = {&quot;Makalero&quot;},
	[&quot;mjc&quot;] = {&quot;San Juan Colorado Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mjd&quot;] = {&quot;Northwest Maidu&quot;},
	[&quot;mje&quot;] = {&quot;Muskum&quot;},
	[&quot;mjg&quot;] = {&quot;Tu&quot;},
	[&quot;mjh&quot;] = {&quot;Mwera (Nyasa)&quot;},
	[&quot;mji&quot;] = {&quot;Kim Mun&quot;},
	[&quot;mjj&quot;] = {&quot;Mawak&quot;},
	[&quot;mjk&quot;] = {&quot;Matukar&quot;},
	[&quot;mjl&quot;] = {&quot;Mandeali&quot;},
	[&quot;mjm&quot;] = {&quot;Medebur&quot;},
	[&quot;mjn&quot;] = {&quot;Ma (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;mjo&quot;] = {&quot;Malankuravan&quot;},
	[&quot;mjp&quot;] = {&quot;Malapandaram&quot;},
	[&quot;mjq&quot;] = {&quot;Malaryan&quot;},
	[&quot;mjr&quot;] = {&quot;Malavedan&quot;},
	[&quot;mjs&quot;] = {&quot;Miship&quot;},
	[&quot;mjt&quot;] = {&quot;Sauria Paharia&quot;},
	[&quot;mju&quot;] = {&quot;Manna-Dora&quot;},
	[&quot;mjv&quot;] = {&quot;Mannan&quot;},
	[&quot;mjw&quot;] = {&quot;Karbi&quot;},
	[&quot;mjx&quot;] = {&quot;Mahali&quot;},
	[&quot;mjy&quot;] = {&quot;Mahican&quot;},
	[&quot;mjz&quot;] = {&quot;Majhi&quot;},
	[&quot;mka&quot;] = {&quot;Mbre&quot;},
	[&quot;mkb&quot;] = {&quot;Mal Paharia&quot;},
	[&quot;mkc&quot;] = {&quot;Siliput&quot;},
	[&quot;mke&quot;] = {&quot;Mawchi&quot;},
	[&quot;mkf&quot;] = {&quot;Miya&quot;},
	[&quot;mkg&quot;] = {&quot;Mak (China)&quot;},
	[&quot;mkh&quot;] = {&quot;Mon-Khmer languages&quot;},
	[&quot;mki&quot;] = {&quot;Dhatki&quot;},
	[&quot;mkj&quot;] = {&quot;Mokilese&quot;},
	[&quot;mkk&quot;] = {&quot;Byep&quot;},
	[&quot;mkl&quot;] = {&quot;Mokole&quot;},
	[&quot;mkm&quot;] = {&quot;Moklen&quot;},
	[&quot;mkn&quot;] = {&quot;Kupang Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mko&quot;] = {&quot;Mingang Doso&quot;},
	[&quot;mkp&quot;] = {&quot;Moikodi&quot;},
	[&quot;mkq&quot;] = {&quot;Bay Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;mkr&quot;] = {&quot;Malas&quot;},
	[&quot;mks&quot;] = {&quot;Silacayoapan Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mkt&quot;] = {&quot;Vamale&quot;},
	[&quot;mku&quot;] = {&quot;Konyanka Maninka&quot;},
	[&quot;mkv&quot;] = {&quot;Mafea&quot;},
	[&quot;mkw&quot;] = {&quot;Kituba (Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;mkx&quot;] = {&quot;Kinamiging Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mky&quot;] = {&quot;East Makian&quot;},
	[&quot;mkz&quot;] = {&quot;Makasae&quot;},
	[&quot;mla&quot;] = {&quot;Malo&quot;},
	[&quot;mlb&quot;] = {&quot;Mbule&quot;},
	[&quot;mlc&quot;] = {&quot;Cao Lan&quot;},
	[&quot;mle&quot;] = {&quot;Manambu&quot;},
	[&quot;mlf&quot;] = {&quot;Mal&quot;},
	[&quot;mlh&quot;] = {&quot;Mape&quot;},
	[&quot;mli&quot;] = {&quot;Malimpung&quot;},
	[&quot;mlj&quot;] = {&quot;Miltu&quot;},
	[&quot;mlk&quot;] = {&quot;Ilwana&quot;, &quot;Kiwilwana&quot;},
	[&quot;mll&quot;] = {&quot;Malua Bay&quot;},
	[&quot;mlm&quot;] = {&quot;Mulam&quot;},
	[&quot;mln&quot;] = {&quot;Malango&quot;},
	[&quot;mlo&quot;] = {&quot;Mlomp&quot;},
	[&quot;mlp&quot;] = {&quot;Bargam&quot;},
	[&quot;mlq&quot;] = {&quot;Western Maninkakan&quot;},
	[&quot;mlr&quot;] = {&quot;Vame&quot;},
	[&quot;mls&quot;] = {&quot;Masalit&quot;},
	[&quot;mlu&quot;] = {&quot;To'abaita&quot;},
	[&quot;mlv&quot;] = {&quot;Motlav&quot;, &quot;Mwotlap&quot;},
	[&quot;mlw&quot;] = {&quot;Moloko&quot;},
	[&quot;mlx&quot;] = {&quot;Malfaxal&quot;, &quot;Naha'ai&quot;},
	[&quot;mlz&quot;] = {&quot;Malaynon&quot;},
	[&quot;mma&quot;] = {&quot;Mama&quot;},
	[&quot;mmb&quot;] = {&quot;Momina&quot;},
	[&quot;mmc&quot;] = {&quot;Michoacán Mazahua&quot;},
	[&quot;mmd&quot;] = {&quot;Maonan&quot;},
	[&quot;mme&quot;] = {&quot;Mae&quot;},
	[&quot;mmf&quot;] = {&quot;Mundat&quot;},
	[&quot;mmg&quot;] = {&quot;North Ambrym&quot;},
	[&quot;mmh&quot;] = {&quot;Mehináku&quot;},
	[&quot;mmi&quot;] = {&quot;Hember Avu&quot;, &quot;Amben&quot;, &quot;Musar&quot;},
	[&quot;mmj&quot;] = {&quot;Majhwar&quot;},
	[&quot;mmk&quot;] = {&quot;Mukha-Dora&quot;},
	[&quot;mml&quot;] = {&quot;Man Met&quot;},
	[&quot;mmm&quot;] = {&quot;Maii&quot;},
	[&quot;mmn&quot;] = {&quot;Mamanwa&quot;},
	[&quot;mmo&quot;] = {&quot;Mangga Buang&quot;},
	[&quot;mmp&quot;] = {&quot;Siawi&quot;},
	[&quot;mmq&quot;] = {&quot;Musak&quot;},
	[&quot;mmr&quot;] = {&quot;Western Xiangxi Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;mmt&quot;] = {&quot;Malalamai&quot;},
	[&quot;mmu&quot;] = {&quot;Mmaala&quot;},
	[&quot;mmv&quot;] = {&quot;Miriti&quot;},
	[&quot;mmw&quot;] = {&quot;Emae&quot;},
	[&quot;mmx&quot;] = {&quot;Madak&quot;},
	[&quot;mmy&quot;] = {&quot;Migaama&quot;},
	[&quot;mmz&quot;] = {&quot;Mabaale&quot;},
	[&quot;mna&quot;] = {&quot;Mbula&quot;},
	[&quot;mnb&quot;] = {&quot;Muna&quot;},
	[&quot;mnc&quot;] = {&quot;Manchu&quot;},
	[&quot;mnd&quot;] = {&quot;Mondé&quot;},
	[&quot;mne&quot;] = {&quot;Naba&quot;},
	[&quot;mnf&quot;] = {&quot;Mundani&quot;},
	[&quot;mng&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Mnong&quot;},
	[&quot;mnh&quot;] = {&quot;Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;mni&quot;] = {&quot;Manipuri&quot;},
	[&quot;mnj&quot;] = {&quot;Munji&quot;},
	[&quot;mnk&quot;] = {&quot;Mandinka&quot;},
	[&quot;mnl&quot;] = {&quot;Tiale&quot;},
	[&quot;mnm&quot;] = {&quot;Mapena&quot;},
	[&quot;mnn&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Mnong&quot;},
	[&quot;mno&quot;] = {&quot;Manobo languages&quot;},
	[&quot;mnp&quot;] = {&quot;Min Bei Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;mnq&quot;] = {&quot;Minriq&quot;},
	[&quot;mnr&quot;] = {&quot;Mono (USA)&quot;},
	[&quot;mns&quot;] = {&quot;Mansi&quot;},
	[&quot;mnu&quot;] = {&quot;Mer&quot;},
	[&quot;mnv&quot;] = {&quot;Rennell-Bellona&quot;},
	[&quot;mnw&quot;] = {&quot;Mon&quot;},
	[&quot;mnx&quot;] = {&quot;Manikion&quot;},
	[&quot;mny&quot;] = {&quot;Manyawa&quot;},
	[&quot;mnz&quot;] = {&quot;Moni&quot;},
	[&quot;moa&quot;] = {&quot;Mwan&quot;},
	[&quot;moc&quot;] = {&quot;Mocoví&quot;},
	[&quot;mod&quot;] = {&quot;Mobilian&quot;},
	[&quot;moe&quot;] = {&quot;Innu&quot;, &quot;Montagnais&quot;},
	[&quot;mog&quot;] = {&quot;Mongondow&quot;},
	[&quot;moh&quot;] = {&quot;Mohawk&quot;},
	[&quot;moi&quot;] = {&quot;Mboi&quot;},
	[&quot;moj&quot;] = {&quot;Monzombo&quot;},
	[&quot;mok&quot;] = {&quot;Morori&quot;},
	[&quot;mom&quot;] = {&quot;Mangue&quot;},
	[&quot;moo&quot;] = {&quot;Monom&quot;},
	[&quot;mop&quot;] = {&quot;Mopán Maya&quot;},
	[&quot;moq&quot;] = {&quot;Mor (Bomberai Peninsula)&quot;},
	[&quot;mor&quot;] = {&quot;Moro&quot;},
	[&quot;mos&quot;] = {&quot;Mossi&quot;},
	[&quot;mot&quot;] = {&quot;Barí&quot;},
	[&quot;mou&quot;] = {&quot;Mogum&quot;},
	[&quot;mov&quot;] = {&quot;Mohave&quot;},
	[&quot;mow&quot;] = {&quot;Moi (Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;mox&quot;] = {&quot;Molima&quot;},
	[&quot;moy&quot;] = {&quot;Shekkacho&quot;},
	[&quot;moz&quot;] = {&quot;Mukulu&quot;, &quot;Gergiko&quot;},
	[&quot;mpa&quot;] = {&quot;Mpoto&quot;},
	[&quot;mpb&quot;] = {&quot;Malak Malak&quot;, &quot;Mullukmulluk&quot;},
	[&quot;mpc&quot;] = {&quot;Mangarrayi&quot;},
	[&quot;mpd&quot;] = {&quot;Machinere&quot;},
	[&quot;mpe&quot;] = {&quot;Majang&quot;},
	[&quot;mpg&quot;] = {&quot;Marba&quot;},
	[&quot;mph&quot;] = {&quot;Maung&quot;},
	[&quot;mpi&quot;] = {&quot;Mpade&quot;},
	[&quot;mpj&quot;] = {&quot;Martu Wangka&quot;, &quot;Wangkajunga&quot;},
	[&quot;mpk&quot;] = {&quot;Mbara (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;mpl&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Watut&quot;},
	[&quot;mpm&quot;] = {&quot;Yosondúa Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mpn&quot;] = {&quot;Mindiri&quot;},
	[&quot;mpo&quot;] = {&quot;Miu&quot;},
	[&quot;mpp&quot;] = {&quot;Migabac&quot;},
	[&quot;mpq&quot;] = {&quot;Matís&quot;},
	[&quot;mpr&quot;] = {&quot;Vangunu&quot;},
	[&quot;mps&quot;] = {&quot;Dadibi&quot;},
	[&quot;mpt&quot;] = {&quot;Mian&quot;},
	[&quot;mpu&quot;] = {&quot;Makuráp&quot;},
	[&quot;mpv&quot;] = {&quot;Mungkip&quot;},
	[&quot;mpw&quot;] = {&quot;Mapidian&quot;},
	[&quot;mpx&quot;] = {&quot;Misima-Panaeati&quot;},
	[&quot;mpy&quot;] = {&quot;Mapia&quot;},
	[&quot;mpz&quot;] = {&quot;Mpi&quot;},
	[&quot;mqa&quot;] = {&quot;Maba (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mqb&quot;] = {&quot;Mbuko&quot;},
	[&quot;mqc&quot;] = {&quot;Mangole&quot;},
	[&quot;mqe&quot;] = {&quot;Matepi&quot;},
	[&quot;mqf&quot;] = {&quot;Momuna&quot;},
	[&quot;mqg&quot;] = {&quot;Kota Bangun Kutai Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;mqh&quot;] = {&quot;Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mqi&quot;] = {&quot;Mariri&quot;},
	[&quot;mqj&quot;] = {&quot;Mamasa&quot;},
	[&quot;mqk&quot;] = {&quot;Rajah Kabunsuwan Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mql&quot;] = {&quot;Mbelime&quot;},
	[&quot;mqm&quot;] = {&quot;South Marquesan&quot;},
	[&quot;mqn&quot;] = {&quot;Moronene&quot;},
	[&quot;mqo&quot;] = {&quot;Modole&quot;},
	[&quot;mqp&quot;] = {&quot;Manipa&quot;},
	[&quot;mqq&quot;] = {&quot;Minokok&quot;},
	[&quot;mqr&quot;] = {&quot;Mander&quot;},
	[&quot;mqs&quot;] = {&quot;West Makian&quot;},
	[&quot;mqt&quot;] = {&quot;Mok&quot;},
	[&quot;mqu&quot;] = {&quot;Mandari&quot;},
	[&quot;mqv&quot;] = {&quot;Mosimo&quot;},
	[&quot;mqw&quot;] = {&quot;Murupi&quot;},
	[&quot;mqx&quot;] = {&quot;Mamuju&quot;},
	[&quot;mqy&quot;] = {&quot;Manggarai&quot;},
	[&quot;mqz&quot;] = {&quot;Pano&quot;},
	[&quot;mra&quot;] = {&quot;Mlabri&quot;},
	[&quot;mrb&quot;] = {&quot;Marino&quot;},
	[&quot;mrc&quot;] = {&quot;Maricopa&quot;},
	[&quot;mrd&quot;] = {&quot;Western Magar&quot;},
	[&quot;mre&quot;] = {&quot;Martha's Vineyard Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mrf&quot;] = {&quot;Elseng&quot;},
	[&quot;mrg&quot;] = {&quot;Mising&quot;},
	[&quot;mrh&quot;] = {&quot;Mara Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;mrj&quot;] = {&quot;Western Mari&quot;},
	[&quot;mrk&quot;] = {&quot;Hmwaveke&quot;},
	[&quot;mrl&quot;] = {&quot;Mortlockese&quot;},
	[&quot;mrm&quot;] = {&quot;Merlav&quot;, &quot;Mwerlap&quot;},
	[&quot;mrn&quot;] = {&quot;Cheke Holo&quot;},
	[&quot;mro&quot;] = {&quot;Mru&quot;},
	[&quot;mrp&quot;] = {&quot;Morouas&quot;},
	[&quot;mrq&quot;] = {&quot;North Marquesan&quot;},
	[&quot;mrr&quot;] = {&quot;Maria (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;mrs&quot;] = {&quot;Maragus&quot;},
	[&quot;mrt&quot;] = {&quot;Marghi Central&quot;},
	[&quot;mru&quot;] = {&quot;Mono (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;mrv&quot;] = {&quot;Mangareva&quot;},
	[&quot;mrw&quot;] = {&quot;Maranao&quot;},
	[&quot;mrx&quot;] = {&quot;Maremgi&quot;, &quot;Dineor&quot;},
	[&quot;mry&quot;] = {&quot;Mandaya&quot;},
	[&quot;mrz&quot;] = {&quot;Marind&quot;},
	[&quot;msb&quot;] = {&quot;Masbatenyo&quot;},
	[&quot;msc&quot;] = {&quot;Sankaran Maninka&quot;},
	[&quot;msd&quot;] = {&quot;Yucatec Maya Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mse&quot;] = {&quot;Musey&quot;},
	[&quot;msf&quot;] = {&quot;Mekwei&quot;},
	[&quot;msg&quot;] = {&quot;Moraid&quot;},
	[&quot;msh&quot;] = {&quot;Masikoro Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;msi&quot;] = {&quot;Sabah Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;msj&quot;] = {&quot;Ma (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;msk&quot;] = {&quot;Mansaka&quot;},
	[&quot;msl&quot;] = {&quot;Molof&quot;, &quot;Poule&quot;},
	[&quot;msm&quot;] = {&quot;Agusan Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;msn&quot;] = {&quot;Vurës&quot;},
	[&quot;mso&quot;] = {&quot;Mombum&quot;},
	[&quot;msp&quot;] = {&quot;Maritsauá&quot;},
	[&quot;msq&quot;] = {&quot;Caac&quot;},
	[&quot;msr&quot;] = {&quot;Mongolian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mss&quot;] = {&quot;West Masela&quot;},
	[&quot;msu&quot;] = {&quot;Musom&quot;},
	[&quot;msv&quot;] = {&quot;Maslam&quot;},
	[&quot;msw&quot;] = {&quot;Mansoanka&quot;},
	[&quot;msx&quot;] = {&quot;Moresada&quot;},
	[&quot;msy&quot;] = {&quot;Aruamu&quot;},
	[&quot;msz&quot;] = {&quot;Momare&quot;},
	[&quot;mta&quot;] = {&quot;Cotabato Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;mtb&quot;] = {&quot;Anyin Morofo&quot;},
	[&quot;mtc&quot;] = {&quot;Munit&quot;},
	[&quot;mtd&quot;] = {&quot;Mualang&quot;},
	[&quot;mte&quot;] = {&quot;Mono (Solomon Islands)&quot;},
	[&quot;mtf&quot;] = {&quot;Murik (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;mtg&quot;] = {&quot;Una&quot;},
	[&quot;mth&quot;] = {&quot;Munggui&quot;},
	[&quot;mti&quot;] = {&quot;Maiwa (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;mtj&quot;] = {&quot;Moskona&quot;},
	[&quot;mtk&quot;] = {&quot;Mbe'&quot;},
	[&quot;mtl&quot;] = {&quot;Montol&quot;},
	[&quot;mtm&quot;] = {&quot;Mator&quot;},
	[&quot;mtn&quot;] = {&quot;Matagalpa&quot;},
	[&quot;mto&quot;] = {&quot;Totontepec Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;mtp&quot;] = {&quot;Wichí Lhamtés Nocten&quot;},
	[&quot;mtq&quot;] = {&quot;Muong&quot;},
	[&quot;mtr&quot;] = {&quot;Mewari&quot;},
	[&quot;mts&quot;] = {&quot;Yora&quot;},
	[&quot;mtt&quot;] = {&quot;Mota&quot;},
	[&quot;mtu&quot;] = {&quot;Tututepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mtv&quot;] = {&quot;Asaro'o&quot;},
	[&quot;mtw&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Binukidnon&quot;},
	[&quot;mtx&quot;] = {&quot;Tidaá Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mty&quot;] = {&quot;Nabi&quot;},
	[&quot;mua&quot;] = {&quot;Mundang&quot;},
	[&quot;mub&quot;] = {&quot;Mubi&quot;},
	[&quot;muc&quot;] = {&quot;Ajumbu&quot;},
	[&quot;mud&quot;] = {&quot;Mednyj Aleut&quot;},
	[&quot;mue&quot;] = {&quot;Media Lengua&quot;},
	[&quot;mug&quot;] = {&quot;Musgu&quot;},
	[&quot;muh&quot;] = {&quot;Mündü&quot;},
	[&quot;mui&quot;] = {&quot;Musi&quot;},
	[&quot;muj&quot;] = {&quot;Mabire&quot;},
	[&quot;muk&quot;] = {&quot;Mugom&quot;},
	[&quot;mul&quot;] = {&quot;Multiple languages&quot;},
	[&quot;mum&quot;] = {&quot;Maiwala&quot;},
	[&quot;mun&quot;] = {&quot;Munda languages&quot;},
	[&quot;muo&quot;] = {&quot;Nyong&quot;},
	[&quot;mup&quot;] = {&quot;Malvi&quot;},
	[&quot;muq&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Xiangxi Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;mur&quot;] = {&quot;Murle&quot;},
	[&quot;mus&quot;] = {&quot;Creek&quot;},
	[&quot;mut&quot;] = {&quot;Western Muria&quot;},
	[&quot;muu&quot;] = {&quot;Yaaku&quot;},
	[&quot;muv&quot;] = {&quot;Muthuvan&quot;},
	[&quot;mux&quot;] = {&quot;Bo-Ung&quot;},
	[&quot;muy&quot;] = {&quot;Muyang&quot;},
	[&quot;muz&quot;] = {&quot;Mursi&quot;},
	[&quot;mva&quot;] = {&quot;Manam&quot;},
	[&quot;mvb&quot;] = {&quot;Mattole&quot;},
	[&quot;mvd&quot;] = {&quot;Mamboru&quot;},
	[&quot;mve&quot;] = {&quot;Marwari (Pakistan)&quot;},
	[&quot;mvf&quot;] = {&quot;Peripheral Mongolian&quot;},
	[&quot;mvg&quot;] = {&quot;Yucuañe Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mvh&quot;] = {&quot;Mulgi&quot;},
	[&quot;mvi&quot;] = {&quot;Miyako&quot;},
	[&quot;mvk&quot;] = {&quot;Mekmek&quot;},
	[&quot;mvl&quot;] = {&quot;Mbara (Australia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mvn&quot;] = {&quot;Minaveha&quot;},
	[&quot;mvo&quot;] = {&quot;Marovo&quot;},
	[&quot;mvp&quot;] = {&quot;Duri&quot;},
	[&quot;mvq&quot;] = {&quot;Moere&quot;},
	[&quot;mvr&quot;] = {&quot;Marau&quot;},
	[&quot;mvs&quot;] = {&quot;Massep&quot;},
	[&quot;mvt&quot;] = {&quot;Mpotovoro&quot;},
	[&quot;mvu&quot;] = {&quot;Marfa&quot;},
	[&quot;mvv&quot;] = {&quot;Tagal Murut&quot;},
	[&quot;mvw&quot;] = {&quot;Machinga&quot;},
	[&quot;mvx&quot;] = {&quot;Meoswar&quot;},
	[&quot;mvy&quot;] = {&quot;Indus Kohistani&quot;},
	[&quot;mvz&quot;] = {&quot;Mesqan&quot;},
	[&quot;mwa&quot;] = {&quot;Mwatebu&quot;},
	[&quot;mwb&quot;] = {&quot;Juwal&quot;},
	[&quot;mwc&quot;] = {&quot;Are&quot;},
	[&quot;mwe&quot;] = {&quot;Mwera (Chimwera)&quot;},
	[&quot;mwf&quot;] = {&quot;Murrinh-Patha&quot;},
	[&quot;mwg&quot;] = {&quot;Aiklep&quot;},
	[&quot;mwh&quot;] = {&quot;Mouk-Aria&quot;},
	[&quot;mwi&quot;] = {&quot;Labo&quot;, &quot;Ninde&quot;},
	[&quot;mwk&quot;] = {&quot;Kita Maninkakan&quot;},
	[&quot;mwl&quot;] = {&quot;Mirandese&quot;},
	[&quot;mwm&quot;] = {&quot;Sar&quot;},
	[&quot;mwn&quot;] = {&quot;Nyamwanga&quot;},
	[&quot;mwo&quot;] = {&quot;Central Maewo&quot;},
	[&quot;mwp&quot;] = {&quot;Kala Lagaw Ya&quot;},
	[&quot;mwq&quot;] = {&quot;Mün Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;mwr&quot;] = {&quot;Marwari&quot;},
	[&quot;mws&quot;] = {&quot;Mwimbi-Muthambi&quot;},
	[&quot;mwt&quot;] = {&quot;Moken&quot;},
	[&quot;mwu&quot;] = {&quot;Mittu&quot;},
	[&quot;mwv&quot;] = {&quot;Mentawai&quot;},
	[&quot;mww&quot;] = {&quot;Hmong Daw&quot;},
	[&quot;mwz&quot;] = {&quot;Moingi&quot;},
	[&quot;mxa&quot;] = {&quot;Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mxb&quot;] = {&quot;Tezoatlán Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mxc&quot;] = {&quot;Manyika&quot;},
	[&quot;mxd&quot;] = {&quot;Modang&quot;},
	[&quot;mxe&quot;] = {&quot;Mele-Fila&quot;},
	[&quot;mxf&quot;] = {&quot;Malgbe&quot;},
	[&quot;mxg&quot;] = {&quot;Mbangala&quot;},
	[&quot;mxh&quot;] = {&quot;Mvuba&quot;},
	[&quot;mxi&quot;] = {&quot;Mozarabic&quot;},
	[&quot;mxj&quot;] = {&quot;Miju-Mishmi&quot;, &quot;Geman Deng&quot;},
	[&quot;mxk&quot;] = {&quot;Monumbo&quot;},
	[&quot;mxl&quot;] = {&quot;Maxi Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;mxm&quot;] = {&quot;Meramera&quot;},
	[&quot;mxn&quot;] = {&quot;Moi (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mxo&quot;] = {&quot;Mbowe&quot;},
	[&quot;mxp&quot;] = {&quot;Tlahuitoltepec Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;mxq&quot;] = {&quot;Juquila Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;mxr&quot;] = {&quot;Murik (Malaysia)&quot;},
	[&quot;mxs&quot;] = {&quot;Huitepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mxt&quot;] = {&quot;Jamiltepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mxu&quot;] = {&quot;Mada (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;mxv&quot;] = {&quot;Metlatónoc Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mxw&quot;] = {&quot;Namo&quot;},
	[&quot;mxx&quot;] = {&quot;Mahou&quot;, &quot;Mawukakan&quot;},
	[&quot;mxy&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mxz&quot;] = {&quot;Central Masela&quot;},
	[&quot;myb&quot;] = {&quot;Mbay&quot;},
	[&quot;myc&quot;] = {&quot;Mayeka&quot;},
	[&quot;mye&quot;] = {&quot;Myene&quot;},
	[&quot;myf&quot;] = {&quot;Bambassi&quot;},
	[&quot;myg&quot;] = {&quot;Manta&quot;},
	[&quot;myh&quot;] = {&quot;Makah&quot;},
	[&quot;myj&quot;] = {&quot;Mangayat&quot;},
	[&quot;myk&quot;] = {&quot;Mamara Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;myl&quot;] = {&quot;Moma&quot;},
	[&quot;mym&quot;] = {&quot;Me'en&quot;},
	[&quot;myn&quot;] = {&quot;Mayan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;myo&quot;] = {&quot;Anfillo&quot;},
	[&quot;myp&quot;] = {&quot;Pirahã&quot;},
	[&quot;myr&quot;] = {&quot;Muniche&quot;},
	[&quot;mys&quot;] = {&quot;Mesmes&quot;},
	[&quot;myu&quot;] = {&quot;Mundurukú&quot;},
	[&quot;myv&quot;] = {&quot;Erzya&quot;},
	[&quot;myw&quot;] = {&quot;Muyuw&quot;},
	[&quot;myx&quot;] = {&quot;Masaaba&quot;},
	[&quot;myy&quot;] = {&quot;Macuna&quot;},
	[&quot;myz&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Mandaic&quot;},
	[&quot;mza&quot;] = {&quot;Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;mzb&quot;] = {&quot;Tumzabt&quot;},
	[&quot;mzc&quot;] = {&quot;Madagascar Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mzd&quot;] = {&quot;Malimba&quot;},
	[&quot;mze&quot;] = {&quot;Morawa&quot;},
	[&quot;mzg&quot;] = {&quot;Monastic Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mzh&quot;] = {&quot;Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay&quot;},
	[&quot;mzi&quot;] = {&quot;Ixcatlán Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;mzj&quot;] = {&quot;Manya&quot;},
	[&quot;mzk&quot;] = {&quot;Nigeria Mambila&quot;},
	[&quot;mzl&quot;] = {&quot;Mazatlán Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;mzm&quot;] = {&quot;Mumuye&quot;},
	[&quot;mzn&quot;] = {&quot;Mazanderani&quot;},
	[&quot;mzo&quot;] = {&quot;Matipuhy&quot;},
	[&quot;mzp&quot;] = {&quot;Movima&quot;},
	[&quot;mzq&quot;] = {&quot;Mori Atas&quot;},
	[&quot;mzr&quot;] = {&quot;Marúbo&quot;},
	[&quot;mzs&quot;] = {&quot;Macanese&quot;},
	[&quot;mzt&quot;] = {&quot;Mintil&quot;},
	[&quot;mzu&quot;] = {&quot;Inapang&quot;},
	[&quot;mzv&quot;] = {&quot;Manza&quot;},
	[&quot;mzw&quot;] = {&quot;Deg&quot;},
	[&quot;mzx&quot;] = {&quot;Mawayana&quot;},
	[&quot;mzy&quot;] = {&quot;Mozambican Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;mzz&quot;] = {&quot;Maiadomu&quot;},
	[&quot;naa&quot;] = {&quot;Namla&quot;},
	[&quot;nab&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Nambikuára&quot;},
	[&quot;nac&quot;] = {&quot;Narak&quot;},
	[&quot;nae&quot;] = {&quot;Naka'ela&quot;},
	[&quot;naf&quot;] = {&quot;Nabak&quot;},
	[&quot;nag&quot;] = {&quot;Naga Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;nah&quot;] = {&quot;Nahuatl languages&quot;},
	[&quot;nai&quot;] = {&quot;North American Indian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;naj&quot;] = {&quot;Nalu&quot;},
	[&quot;nak&quot;] = {&quot;Nakanai&quot;},
	[&quot;nal&quot;] = {&quot;Nalik&quot;},
	[&quot;nam&quot;] = {&quot;Ngan'gityemerri&quot;},
	[&quot;nan&quot;] = {&quot;Min Nan Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;nao&quot;] = {&quot;Naaba&quot;},
	[&quot;nap&quot;] = {&quot;Neapolitan&quot;},
	[&quot;naq&quot;] = {&quot;Khoekhoe&quot;, &quot;Nama (Namibia)&quot;},
	[&quot;nar&quot;] = {&quot;Iguta&quot;},
	[&quot;nas&quot;] = {&quot;Naasioi&quot;},
	[&quot;nat&quot;] = {&quot;Ca̱hungwa̱rya̱&quot;, &quot;Hungworo&quot;},
	[&quot;naw&quot;] = {&quot;Nawuri&quot;},
	[&quot;nax&quot;] = {&quot;Nakwi&quot;},
	[&quot;nay&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarrindjeri&quot;},
	[&quot;naz&quot;] = {&quot;Coatepec Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nba&quot;] = {&quot;Nyemba&quot;},
	[&quot;nbb&quot;] = {&quot;Ndoe&quot;},
	[&quot;nbc&quot;] = {&quot;Chang Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nbd&quot;] = {&quot;Ngbinda&quot;},
	[&quot;nbe&quot;] = {&quot;Konyak Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nbg&quot;] = {&quot;Nagarchal&quot;},
	[&quot;nbh&quot;] = {&quot;Ngamo&quot;},
	[&quot;nbi&quot;] = {&quot;Mao Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nbj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarinyman&quot;},
	[&quot;nbk&quot;] = {&quot;Nake&quot;},
	[&quot;nbm&quot;] = {&quot;Ngbaka Ma'bo&quot;},
	[&quot;nbn&quot;] = {&quot;Kuri&quot;},
	[&quot;nbo&quot;] = {&quot;Nkukoli&quot;},
	[&quot;nbp&quot;] = {&quot;Nnam&quot;},
	[&quot;nbq&quot;] = {&quot;Nggem&quot;},
	[&quot;nbr&quot;] = {&quot;Numana&quot;},
	[&quot;nbs&quot;] = {&quot;Namibian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nbt&quot;] = {&quot;Na&quot;},
	[&quot;nbu&quot;] = {&quot;Rongmei Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nbv&quot;] = {&quot;Ngamambo&quot;},
	[&quot;nbw&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Ngbandi&quot;},
	[&quot;nby&quot;] = {&quot;Ningera&quot;},
	[&quot;nca&quot;] = {&quot;Iyo&quot;},
	[&quot;ncb&quot;] = {&quot;Central Nicobarese&quot;},
	[&quot;ncc&quot;] = {&quot;Ponam&quot;},
	[&quot;ncd&quot;] = {&quot;Nachering&quot;},
	[&quot;nce&quot;] = {&quot;Yale&quot;},
	[&quot;ncf&quot;] = {&quot;Notsi&quot;},
	[&quot;ncg&quot;] = {&quot;Nisga'a&quot;},
	[&quot;nch&quot;] = {&quot;Central Huasteca Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nci&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;ncj&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Puebla Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nck&quot;] = {&quot;Na-kara&quot;},
	[&quot;ncl&quot;] = {&quot;Michoacán Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;ncm&quot;] = {&quot;Nambo&quot;},
	[&quot;ncn&quot;] = {&quot;Nauna&quot;},
	[&quot;nco&quot;] = {&quot;Sibe&quot;},
	[&quot;ncq&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Katang&quot;},
	[&quot;ncr&quot;] = {&quot;Ncane&quot;},
	[&quot;ncs&quot;] = {&quot;Nicaraguan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nct&quot;] = {&quot;Chothe Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;ncu&quot;] = {&quot;Chumburung&quot;},
	[&quot;ncx&quot;] = {&quot;Central Puebla Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;ncz&quot;] = {&quot;Natchez&quot;},
	[&quot;nda&quot;] = {&quot;Ndasa&quot;},
	[&quot;ndb&quot;] = {&quot;Kenswei Nsei&quot;},
	[&quot;ndc&quot;] = {&quot;Ndau&quot;},
	[&quot;ndd&quot;] = {&quot;Nde-Nsele-Nta&quot;},
	[&quot;ndf&quot;] = {&quot;Nadruvian&quot;},
	[&quot;ndg&quot;] = {&quot;Ndengereko&quot;},
	[&quot;ndh&quot;] = {&quot;Ndali&quot;},
	[&quot;ndi&quot;] = {&quot;Samba Leko&quot;},
	[&quot;ndj&quot;] = {&quot;Ndamba&quot;},
	[&quot;ndk&quot;] = {&quot;Ndaka&quot;},
	[&quot;ndl&quot;] = {&quot;Ndolo&quot;},
	[&quot;ndm&quot;] = {&quot;Ndam&quot;},
	[&quot;ndn&quot;] = {&quot;Ngundi&quot;},
	[&quot;ndp&quot;] = {&quot;Ndo&quot;},
	[&quot;ndq&quot;] = {&quot;Ndombe&quot;},
	[&quot;ndr&quot;] = {&quot;Ndoola&quot;},
	[&quot;nds&quot;] = {&quot;Low German&quot;, &quot;Low Saxon&quot;},
	[&quot;ndt&quot;] = {&quot;Ndunga&quot;},
	[&quot;ndu&quot;] = {&quot;Dugun&quot;},
	[&quot;ndv&quot;] = {&quot;Ndut&quot;},
	[&quot;ndw&quot;] = {&quot;Ndobo&quot;},
	[&quot;ndx&quot;] = {&quot;Nduga&quot;},
	[&quot;ndy&quot;] = {&quot;Lutos&quot;},
	[&quot;ndz&quot;] = {&quot;Ndogo&quot;},
	[&quot;nea&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Ngad'a&quot;},
	[&quot;neb&quot;] = {&quot;Toura (Côte d'Ivoire)&quot;},
	[&quot;nec&quot;] = {&quot;Nedebang&quot;},
	[&quot;ned&quot;] = {&quot;Nde-Gbite&quot;},
	[&quot;nee&quot;] = {&quot;Nêlêmwa-Nixumwak&quot;},
	[&quot;nef&quot;] = {&quot;Nefamese&quot;},
	[&quot;neg&quot;] = {&quot;Negidal&quot;},
	[&quot;neh&quot;] = {&quot;Nyenkha&quot;},
	[&quot;nei&quot;] = {&quot;Neo-Hittite&quot;},
	[&quot;nej&quot;] = {&quot;Neko&quot;},
	[&quot;nek&quot;] = {&quot;Neku&quot;},
	[&quot;nem&quot;] = {&quot;Nemi&quot;},
	[&quot;nen&quot;] = {&quot;Nengone&quot;},
	[&quot;neo&quot;] = {&quot;Ná-Meo&quot;},
	[&quot;neq&quot;] = {&quot;North Central Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;ner&quot;] = {&quot;Yahadian&quot;},
	[&quot;nes&quot;] = {&quot;Bhoti Kinnauri&quot;},
	[&quot;net&quot;] = {&quot;Nete&quot;},
	[&quot;neu&quot;] = {&quot;Neo&quot;},
	[&quot;nev&quot;] = {&quot;Nyaheun&quot;},
	[&quot;new&quot;] = {&quot;Nepal Bhasa&quot;, &quot;Newar&quot;, &quot;Newari&quot;},
	[&quot;nex&quot;] = {&quot;Neme&quot;},
	[&quot;ney&quot;] = {&quot;Neyo&quot;},
	[&quot;nez&quot;] = {&quot;Nez Perce&quot;},
	[&quot;nfa&quot;] = {&quot;Dhao&quot;},
	[&quot;nfd&quot;] = {&quot;Ahwai&quot;},
	[&quot;nfl&quot;] = {&quot;Ayiwo&quot;, &quot;Äiwoo&quot;},
	[&quot;nfr&quot;] = {&quot;Nafaanra&quot;},
	[&quot;nfu&quot;] = {&quot;Mfumte&quot;},
	[&quot;nga&quot;] = {&quot;Ngbaka&quot;},
	[&quot;ngb&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Ngbandi&quot;},
	[&quot;ngc&quot;] = {&quot;Ngombe (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;ngd&quot;] = {&quot;Ngando (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;nge&quot;] = {&quot;Ngemba&quot;},
	[&quot;ngf&quot;] = {&quot;Trans-New Guinea languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ngg&quot;] = {&quot;Ngbaka Manza&quot;},
	[&quot;ngh&quot;] = {&quot;Nǁng&quot;},
	[&quot;ngi&quot;] = {&quot;Ngizim&quot;},
	[&quot;ngj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngie&quot;},
	[&quot;ngk&quot;] = {&quot;Dalabon&quot;},
	[&quot;ngl&quot;] = {&quot;Lomwe&quot;},
	[&quot;ngm&quot;] = {&quot;Ngatik Men's Creole&quot;},
	[&quot;ngn&quot;] = {&quot;Ngwo&quot;},
	[&quot;ngp&quot;] = {&quot;Ngulu&quot;},
	[&quot;ngq&quot;] = {&quot;Ngurimi&quot;, &quot;Ngoreme&quot;},
	[&quot;ngr&quot;] = {&quot;Engdewu&quot;},
	[&quot;ngs&quot;] = {&quot;Gvoko&quot;},
	[&quot;ngt&quot;] = {&quot;Kriang&quot;, &quot;Ngeq&quot;},
	[&quot;ngu&quot;] = {&quot;Guerrero Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;ngv&quot;] = {&quot;Nagumi&quot;},
	[&quot;ngw&quot;] = {&quot;Ngwaba&quot;},
	[&quot;ngx&quot;] = {&quot;Nggwahyi&quot;},
	[&quot;ngy&quot;] = {&quot;Tibea&quot;},
	[&quot;ngz&quot;] = {&quot;Ngungwel&quot;},
	[&quot;nha&quot;] = {&quot;Nhanda&quot;},
	[&quot;nhb&quot;] = {&quot;Beng&quot;},
	[&quot;nhc&quot;] = {&quot;Tabasco Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhd&quot;] = {&quot;Chiripá&quot;, &quot;Ava Guaraní&quot;},
	[&quot;nhe&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhf&quot;] = {&quot;Nhuwala&quot;},
	[&quot;nhg&quot;] = {&quot;Tetelcingo Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhh&quot;] = {&quot;Nahari&quot;},
	[&quot;nhi&quot;] = {&quot;Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhk&quot;] = {&quot;Isthmus-Cosoleacaque Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhm&quot;] = {&quot;Morelos Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhn&quot;] = {&quot;Central Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nho&quot;] = {&quot;Takuu&quot;},
	[&quot;nhp&quot;] = {&quot;Isthmus-Pajapan Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhq&quot;] = {&quot;Huaxcaleca Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhr&quot;] = {&quot;Naro&quot;},
	[&quot;nht&quot;] = {&quot;Ometepec Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhu&quot;] = {&quot;Noone&quot;},
	[&quot;nhv&quot;] = {&quot;Temascaltepec Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Huasteca Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhx&quot;] = {&quot;Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhy&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nhz&quot;] = {&quot;Santa María La Alta Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nia&quot;] = {&quot;Nias&quot;},
	[&quot;nib&quot;] = {&quot;Nakame&quot;},
	[&quot;nic&quot;] = {&quot;Niger-Kordofanian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;nid&quot;] = {&quot;Ngandi&quot;},
	[&quot;nie&quot;] = {&quot;Niellim&quot;},
	[&quot;nif&quot;] = {&quot;Nek&quot;},
	[&quot;nig&quot;] = {&quot;Ngalakgan&quot;},
	[&quot;nih&quot;] = {&quot;Nyiha (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;nii&quot;] = {&quot;Nii&quot;},
	[&quot;nij&quot;] = {&quot;Ngaju&quot;},
	[&quot;nik&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Nicobarese&quot;},
	[&quot;nil&quot;] = {&quot;Nila&quot;},
	[&quot;nim&quot;] = {&quot;Nilamba&quot;},
	[&quot;nin&quot;] = {&quot;Ninzo&quot;},
	[&quot;nio&quot;] = {&quot;Nganasan&quot;},
	[&quot;niq&quot;] = {&quot;Nandi&quot;},
	[&quot;nir&quot;] = {&quot;Nimboran&quot;},
	[&quot;nis&quot;] = {&quot;Nimi&quot;},
	[&quot;nit&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Kolami&quot;},
	[&quot;niu&quot;] = {&quot;Niuean&quot;},
	[&quot;niv&quot;] = {&quot;Gilyak&quot;},
	[&quot;niw&quot;] = {&quot;Nimo&quot;},
	[&quot;nix&quot;] = {&quot;Hema&quot;},
	[&quot;niy&quot;] = {&quot;Ngiti&quot;},
	[&quot;niz&quot;] = {&quot;Ningil&quot;},
	[&quot;nja&quot;] = {&quot;Nzanyi&quot;},
	[&quot;njb&quot;] = {&quot;Nocte Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;njd&quot;] = {&quot;Ndonde Hamba&quot;},
	[&quot;njh&quot;] = {&quot;Lotha Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nji&quot;] = {&quot;Gudanji&quot;},
	[&quot;njj&quot;] = {&quot;Njen&quot;},
	[&quot;njl&quot;] = {&quot;Njalgulgule&quot;},
	[&quot;njm&quot;] = {&quot;Angami Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;njn&quot;] = {&quot;Liangmai Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;njo&quot;] = {&quot;Ao Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;njr&quot;] = {&quot;Njerep&quot;},
	[&quot;njs&quot;] = {&quot;Nisa&quot;},
	[&quot;njt&quot;] = {&quot;Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;nju&quot;] = {&quot;Ngadjunmaya&quot;},
	[&quot;njx&quot;] = {&quot;Kunyi&quot;},
	[&quot;njy&quot;] = {&quot;Njyem&quot;},
	[&quot;njz&quot;] = {&quot;Nyishi&quot;},
	[&quot;nka&quot;] = {&quot;Nkoya&quot;},
	[&quot;nkb&quot;] = {&quot;Khoibu Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nkc&quot;] = {&quot;Nkongho&quot;},
	[&quot;nkd&quot;] = {&quot;Koireng&quot;},
	[&quot;nke&quot;] = {&quot;Duke&quot;},
	[&quot;nkf&quot;] = {&quot;Inpui Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nkg&quot;] = {&quot;Nekgini&quot;},
	[&quot;nkh&quot;] = {&quot;Khezha Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nki&quot;] = {&quot;Thangal Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nkj&quot;] = {&quot;Nakai&quot;},
	[&quot;nkk&quot;] = {&quot;Nokuku&quot;},
	[&quot;nkm&quot;] = {&quot;Namat&quot;},
	[&quot;nkn&quot;] = {&quot;Nkangala&quot;},
	[&quot;nko&quot;] = {&quot;Nkonya&quot;},
	[&quot;nkp&quot;] = {&quot;Niuatoputapu&quot;},
	[&quot;nkq&quot;] = {&quot;Nkami&quot;},
	[&quot;nkr&quot;] = {&quot;Nukuoro&quot;},
	[&quot;nks&quot;] = {&quot;North Asmat&quot;},
	[&quot;nkt&quot;] = {&quot;Nyika (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;nku&quot;] = {&quot;Bouna Kulango&quot;},
	[&quot;nkv&quot;] = {&quot;Nyika (Malawi and Zambia)&quot;},
	[&quot;nkw&quot;] = {&quot;Nkutu&quot;},
	[&quot;nkx&quot;] = {&quot;Nkoroo&quot;},
	[&quot;nkz&quot;] = {&quot;Nkari&quot;},
	[&quot;nla&quot;] = {&quot;Ngombale&quot;},
	[&quot;nlc&quot;] = {&quot;Nalca&quot;},
	[&quot;nle&quot;] = {&quot;East Nyala&quot;},
	[&quot;nlg&quot;] = {&quot;Gela&quot;},
	[&quot;nli&quot;] = {&quot;Grangali&quot;},
	[&quot;nlj&quot;] = {&quot;Nyali&quot;},
	[&quot;nlk&quot;] = {&quot;Ninia Yali&quot;},
	[&quot;nll&quot;] = {&quot;Nihali&quot;},
	[&quot;nlm&quot;] = {&quot;Mankiyali&quot;},
	[&quot;nlo&quot;] = {&quot;Ngul&quot;},
	[&quot;nlq&quot;] = {&quot;Lao Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nlu&quot;] = {&quot;Nchumbulu&quot;},
	[&quot;nlv&quot;] = {&quot;Orizaba Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nlw&quot;] = {&quot;Walangama&quot;},
	[&quot;nlx&quot;] = {&quot;Nahali&quot;},
	[&quot;nly&quot;] = {&quot;Nyamal&quot;},
	[&quot;nlz&quot;] = {&quot;Nalögo&quot;},
	[&quot;nma&quot;] = {&quot;Maram Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nmb&quot;] = {&quot;Big Nambas&quot;, &quot;V'ënen Taut&quot;},
	[&quot;nmc&quot;] = {&quot;Ngam&quot;},
	[&quot;nmd&quot;] = {&quot;Ndumu&quot;},
	[&quot;nme&quot;] = {&quot;Mzieme Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nmf&quot;] = {&quot;Tangkhul Naga (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;nmg&quot;] = {&quot;Kwasio&quot;},
	[&quot;nmh&quot;] = {&quot;Monsang Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nmi&quot;] = {&quot;Nyam&quot;},
	[&quot;nmj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngombe (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;nmk&quot;] = {&quot;Namakura&quot;},
	[&quot;nml&quot;] = {&quot;Ndemli&quot;},
	[&quot;nmm&quot;] = {&quot;Manangba&quot;},
	[&quot;nmn&quot;] = {&quot;ǃXóõ&quot;},
	[&quot;nmo&quot;] = {&quot;Moyon Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nmp&quot;] = {&quot;Nimanbur&quot;},
	[&quot;nmq&quot;] = {&quot;Nambya&quot;},
	[&quot;nmr&quot;] = {&quot;Nimbari&quot;},
	[&quot;nms&quot;] = {&quot;Letemboi&quot;},
	[&quot;nmt&quot;] = {&quot;Namonuito&quot;},
	[&quot;nmu&quot;] = {&quot;Northeast Maidu&quot;},
	[&quot;nmv&quot;] = {&quot;Ngamini&quot;},
	[&quot;nmw&quot;] = {&quot;Nimoa&quot;, &quot;Rifao&quot;},
	[&quot;nmx&quot;] = {&quot;Nama (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;nmy&quot;] = {&quot;Namuyi&quot;},
	[&quot;nmz&quot;] = {&quot;Nawdm&quot;},
	[&quot;nna&quot;] = {&quot;Nyangumarta&quot;},
	[&quot;nnb&quot;] = {&quot;Nande&quot;},
	[&quot;nnc&quot;] = {&quot;Nancere&quot;},
	[&quot;nnd&quot;] = {&quot;West Ambae&quot;},
	[&quot;nne&quot;] = {&quot;Ngandyera&quot;},
	[&quot;nnf&quot;] = {&quot;Ngaing&quot;},
	[&quot;nng&quot;] = {&quot;Maring Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nnh&quot;] = {&quot;Ngiemboon&quot;},
	[&quot;nni&quot;] = {&quot;North Nuaulu&quot;},
	[&quot;nnj&quot;] = {&quot;Nyangatom&quot;},
	[&quot;nnk&quot;] = {&quot;Nankina&quot;},
	[&quot;nnl&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Rengma Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nnm&quot;] = {&quot;Namia&quot;},
	[&quot;nnn&quot;] = {&quot;Ngete&quot;},
	[&quot;nnp&quot;] = {&quot;Wancho Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nnq&quot;] = {&quot;Ngindo&quot;},
	[&quot;nnr&quot;] = {&quot;Narungga&quot;},
	[&quot;nnt&quot;] = {&quot;Nanticoke&quot;},
	[&quot;nnu&quot;] = {&quot;Dwang&quot;},
	[&quot;nnv&quot;] = {&quot;Nugunu (Australia)&quot;},
	[&quot;nnw&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Nuni&quot;},
	[&quot;nny&quot;] = {&quot;Nyangga&quot;},
	[&quot;nnz&quot;] = {&quot;Nda'nda'&quot;},
	[&quot;noa&quot;] = {&quot;Woun Meu&quot;},
	[&quot;noc&quot;] = {&quot;Nuk&quot;},
	[&quot;nod&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Thai&quot;},
	[&quot;noe&quot;] = {&quot;Nimadi&quot;},
	[&quot;nof&quot;] = {&quot;Nomane&quot;},
	[&quot;nog&quot;] = {&quot;Nogai&quot;},
	[&quot;noh&quot;] = {&quot;Nomu&quot;},
	[&quot;noi&quot;] = {&quot;Noiri&quot;},
	[&quot;noj&quot;] = {&quot;Nonuya&quot;},
	[&quot;nok&quot;] = {&quot;Nooksack&quot;},
	[&quot;nol&quot;] = {&quot;Nomlaki&quot;},
	[&quot;non&quot;] = {&quot;Old Norse&quot;},
	[&quot;nop&quot;] = {&quot;Numanggang&quot;},
	[&quot;noq&quot;] = {&quot;Ngongo&quot;},
	[&quot;nos&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Nisu&quot;},
	[&quot;not&quot;] = {&quot;Nomatsiguenga&quot;},
	[&quot;nou&quot;] = {&quot;Ewage-Notu&quot;},
	[&quot;nov&quot;] = {&quot;Novial&quot;},
	[&quot;now&quot;] = {&quot;Nyambo&quot;},
	[&quot;noy&quot;] = {&quot;Noy&quot;},
	[&quot;noz&quot;] = {&quot;Nayi&quot;},
	[&quot;npa&quot;] = {&quot;Nar Phu&quot;},
	[&quot;npb&quot;] = {&quot;Nupbikha&quot;},
	[&quot;npg&quot;] = {&quot;Ponyo-Gongwang Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nph&quot;] = {&quot;Phom Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;npi&quot;] = {&quot;Nepali (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;npl&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;npn&quot;] = {&quot;Mondropolon&quot;},
	[&quot;npo&quot;] = {&quot;Pochuri Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nps&quot;] = {&quot;Nipsan&quot;},
	[&quot;npu&quot;] = {&quot;Puimei Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;npx&quot;] = {&quot;Noipx&quot;},
	[&quot;npy&quot;] = {&quot;Napu&quot;},
	[&quot;nqg&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Nago&quot;},
	[&quot;nqk&quot;] = {&quot;Kura Ede Nago&quot;},
	[&quot;nql&quot;] = {&quot;Ngendelengo&quot;},
	[&quot;nqm&quot;] = {&quot;Ndom&quot;},
	[&quot;nqn&quot;] = {&quot;Nen&quot;},
	[&quot;nqo&quot;] = {&quot;N'Ko&quot;, &quot;N’Ko&quot;},
	[&quot;nqq&quot;] = {&quot;Kyan-Karyaw Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nqt&quot;] = {&quot;Nteng&quot;},
	[&quot;nqy&quot;] = {&quot;Akyaung Ari Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nra&quot;] = {&quot;Ngom&quot;},
	[&quot;nrb&quot;] = {&quot;Nara&quot;},
	[&quot;nrc&quot;] = {&quot;Noric&quot;},
	[&quot;nre&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Rengma Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nrf&quot;] = {&quot;Jèrriais&quot;, &quot;Guernésiais&quot;, &quot;Sercquiais&quot;},
	[&quot;nrg&quot;] = {&quot;Narango&quot;},
	[&quot;nri&quot;] = {&quot;Chokri Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nrk&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarla&quot;},
	[&quot;nrl&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarluma&quot;},
	[&quot;nrm&quot;] = {&quot;Narom&quot;},
	[&quot;nrn&quot;] = {&quot;Norn&quot;},
	[&quot;nrp&quot;] = {&quot;North Picene&quot;},
	[&quot;nrr&quot;] = {&quot;Norra&quot;, &quot;Nora&quot;},
	[&quot;nrt&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Kalapuya&quot;},
	[&quot;nru&quot;] = {&quot;Narua&quot;},
	[&quot;nrx&quot;] = {&quot;Ngurmbur&quot;},
	[&quot;nrz&quot;] = {&quot;Lala&quot;},
	[&quot;nsa&quot;] = {&quot;Sangtam Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nsb&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Nossob&quot;},
	[&quot;nsc&quot;] = {&quot;Nshi&quot;},
	[&quot;nsd&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Nisu&quot;},
	[&quot;nse&quot;] = {&quot;Nsenga&quot;},
	[&quot;nsf&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Nisu&quot;},
	[&quot;nsg&quot;] = {&quot;Ngasa&quot;},
	[&quot;nsh&quot;] = {&quot;Ngoshie&quot;},
	[&quot;nsi&quot;] = {&quot;Nigerian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nsk&quot;] = {&quot;Naskapi&quot;},
	[&quot;nsl&quot;] = {&quot;Norwegian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nsm&quot;] = {&quot;Sumi Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nsn&quot;] = {&quot;Nehan&quot;},
	[&quot;nso&quot;] = {&quot;Pedi&quot;, &quot;Northern Sotho&quot;, &quot;Sepedi&quot;},
	[&quot;nsp&quot;] = {&quot;Nepalese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nsq&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Sierra Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;nsr&quot;] = {&quot;Maritime Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nss&quot;] = {&quot;Nali&quot;},
	[&quot;nst&quot;] = {&quot;Tase Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nsu&quot;] = {&quot;Sierra Negra Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nsv&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Nisu&quot;},
	[&quot;nsw&quot;] = {&quot;Navut&quot;},
	[&quot;nsx&quot;] = {&quot;Nsongo&quot;},
	[&quot;nsy&quot;] = {&quot;Nasal&quot;},
	[&quot;nsz&quot;] = {&quot;Nisenan&quot;},
	[&quot;ntd&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tidung&quot;},
	[&quot;ntg&quot;] = {&quot;Ngantangarra&quot;},
	[&quot;nti&quot;] = {&quot;Natioro&quot;},
	[&quot;ntj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngaanyatjarra&quot;},
	[&quot;ntk&quot;] = {&quot;Ikoma-Nata-Isenye&quot;},
	[&quot;ntm&quot;] = {&quot;Nateni&quot;},
	[&quot;nto&quot;] = {&quot;Ntomba&quot;},
	[&quot;ntp&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tepehuan&quot;},
	[&quot;ntr&quot;] = {&quot;Delo&quot;},
	[&quot;ntu&quot;] = {&quot;Natügu&quot;},
	[&quot;ntw&quot;] = {&quot;Nottoway&quot;},
	[&quot;ntx&quot;] = {&quot;Tangkhul Naga (Myanmar)&quot;},
	[&quot;nty&quot;] = {&quot;Mantsi&quot;},
	[&quot;ntz&quot;] = {&quot;Natanzi&quot;},
	[&quot;nua&quot;] = {&quot;Yuanga&quot;},
	[&quot;nub&quot;] = {&quot;Nubian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;nuc&quot;] = {&quot;Nukuini&quot;},
	[&quot;nud&quot;] = {&quot;Ngala&quot;},
	[&quot;nue&quot;] = {&quot;Ngundu&quot;},
	[&quot;nuf&quot;] = {&quot;Nusu&quot;},
	[&quot;nug&quot;] = {&quot;Nungali&quot;},
	[&quot;nuh&quot;] = {&quot;Ndunda&quot;},
	[&quot;nui&quot;] = {&quot;Ngumbi&quot;},
	[&quot;nuj&quot;] = {&quot;Nyole&quot;},
	[&quot;nuk&quot;] = {&quot;Nuu-chah-nulth&quot;, &quot;Nuuchahnulth&quot;},
	[&quot;nul&quot;] = {&quot;Nusa Laut&quot;},
	[&quot;num&quot;] = {&quot;Niuafo'ou&quot;},
	[&quot;nun&quot;] = {&quot;Anong&quot;},
	[&quot;nuo&quot;] = {&quot;Nguôn&quot;},
	[&quot;nup&quot;] = {&quot;Nupe-Nupe-Tako&quot;},
	[&quot;nuq&quot;] = {&quot;Nukumanu&quot;},
	[&quot;nur&quot;] = {&quot;Nukuria&quot;},
	[&quot;nus&quot;] = {&quot;Nuer&quot;},
	[&quot;nut&quot;] = {&quot;Nung (Viet Nam)&quot;},
	[&quot;nuu&quot;] = {&quot;Ngbundu&quot;},
	[&quot;nuv&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Nuni&quot;},
	[&quot;nuw&quot;] = {&quot;Nguluwan&quot;},
	[&quot;nux&quot;] = {&quot;Mehek&quot;},
	[&quot;nuy&quot;] = {&quot;Nunggubuyu&quot;},
	[&quot;nuz&quot;] = {&quot;Tlamacazapa Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nvh&quot;] = {&quot;Nasarian&quot;},
	[&quot;nvm&quot;] = {&quot;Namiae&quot;},
	[&quot;nvo&quot;] = {&quot;Nyokon&quot;},
	[&quot;nwa&quot;] = {&quot;Nawathinehena&quot;},
	[&quot;nwb&quot;] = {&quot;Nyabwa&quot;},
	[&quot;nwc&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Newari&quot;, &quot;Classical Nepal Bhasa&quot;, &quot;Old Newari&quot;},
	[&quot;nwe&quot;] = {&quot;Ngwe&quot;},
	[&quot;nwg&quot;] = {&quot;Ngayawung&quot;},
	[&quot;nwi&quot;] = {&quot;Southwest Tanna&quot;},
	[&quot;nwm&quot;] = {&quot;Nyamusa-Molo&quot;},
	[&quot;nwo&quot;] = {&quot;Nauo&quot;},
	[&quot;nwr&quot;] = {&quot;Nawaru&quot;},
	[&quot;nww&quot;] = {&quot;Ndwewe&quot;},
	[&quot;nwx&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Newar&quot;},
	[&quot;nwy&quot;] = {&quot;Nottoway-Meherrin&quot;},
	[&quot;nxa&quot;] = {&quot;Nauete&quot;},
	[&quot;nxd&quot;] = {&quot;Ngando (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;nxe&quot;] = {&quot;Nage&quot;},
	[&quot;nxg&quot;] = {&quot;Ngad'a&quot;},
	[&quot;nxi&quot;] = {&quot;Nindi&quot;},
	[&quot;nxk&quot;] = {&quot;Koki Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nxl&quot;] = {&quot;South Nuaulu&quot;},
	[&quot;nxm&quot;] = {&quot;Numidian&quot;},
	[&quot;nxn&quot;] = {&quot;Ngawun&quot;},
	[&quot;nxo&quot;] = {&quot;Ndambomo&quot;},
	[&quot;nxq&quot;] = {&quot;Naxi&quot;},
	[&quot;nxr&quot;] = {&quot;Ninggerum&quot;},
	[&quot;nxx&quot;] = {&quot;Nafri&quot;},
	[&quot;nyb&quot;] = {&quot;Nyangbo&quot;},
	[&quot;nyc&quot;] = {&quot;Nyanga-li&quot;},
	[&quot;nyd&quot;] = {&quot;Nyore&quot;, &quot;Olunyole&quot;},
	[&quot;nye&quot;] = {&quot;Nyengo&quot;},
	[&quot;nyf&quot;] = {&quot;Giryama&quot;, &quot;Kigiryama&quot;},
	[&quot;nyg&quot;] = {&quot;Nyindu&quot;},
	[&quot;nyh&quot;] = {&quot;Nyikina&quot;},
	[&quot;nyi&quot;] = {&quot;Ama (Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;nyj&quot;] = {&quot;Nyanga&quot;},
	[&quot;nyk&quot;] = {&quot;Nyaneka&quot;},
	[&quot;nyl&quot;] = {&quot;Nyeu&quot;},
	[&quot;nym&quot;] = {&quot;Nyamwezi&quot;},
	[&quot;nyn&quot;] = {&quot;Nyankole&quot;},
	[&quot;nyo&quot;] = {&quot;Nyoro&quot;},
	[&quot;nyp&quot;] = {&quot;Nyang'i&quot;},
	[&quot;nyq&quot;] = {&quot;Nayini&quot;},
	[&quot;nyr&quot;] = {&quot;Nyiha (Malawi)&quot;},
	[&quot;nys&quot;] = {&quot;Nyungar&quot;},
	[&quot;nyt&quot;] = {&quot;Nyawaygi&quot;},
	[&quot;nyu&quot;] = {&quot;Nyungwe&quot;},
	[&quot;nyv&quot;] = {&quot;Nyulnyul&quot;},
	[&quot;nyw&quot;] = {&quot;Nyaw&quot;},
	[&quot;nyx&quot;] = {&quot;Nganyaywana&quot;},
	[&quot;nyy&quot;] = {&quot;Nyakyusa-Ngonde&quot;},
	[&quot;nza&quot;] = {&quot;Tigon Mbembe&quot;},
	[&quot;nzb&quot;] = {&quot;Njebi&quot;},
	[&quot;nzd&quot;] = {&quot;Nzadi&quot;},
	[&quot;nzi&quot;] = {&quot;Nzima&quot;},
	[&quot;nzk&quot;] = {&quot;Nzakara&quot;},
	[&quot;nzm&quot;] = {&quot;Zeme Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;nzr&quot;] = {&quot;Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi&quot;},
	[&quot;nzs&quot;] = {&quot;New Zealand Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;nzu&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Nzikou&quot;},
	[&quot;nzy&quot;] = {&quot;Nzakambay&quot;},
	[&quot;nzz&quot;] = {&quot;Nanga Dama Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;oaa&quot;] = {&quot;Orok&quot;},
	[&quot;oac&quot;] = {&quot;Oroch&quot;},
	[&quot;oak&quot;] = {&quot;Noakhali&quot;, &quot;Noakhailla&quot;},
	[&quot;oar&quot;] = {&quot;Old Aramaic (up to 700 BCE)&quot;, &quot;Ancient Aramaic (up to 700 BCE)&quot;},
	[&quot;oav&quot;] = {&quot;Old Avar&quot;},
	[&quot;obi&quot;] = {&quot;Obispeño&quot;},
	[&quot;obk&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Bontok&quot;},
	[&quot;obl&quot;] = {&quot;Oblo&quot;},
	[&quot;obm&quot;] = {&quot;Moabite&quot;},
	[&quot;obo&quot;] = {&quot;Obo Manobo&quot;},
	[&quot;obr&quot;] = {&quot;Old Burmese&quot;},
	[&quot;obt&quot;] = {&quot;Old Breton&quot;},
	[&quot;obu&quot;] = {&quot;Obulom&quot;},
	[&quot;oca&quot;] = {&quot;Ocaina&quot;},
	[&quot;och&quot;] = {&quot;Old Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;ocm&quot;] = {&quot;Old Cham&quot;},
	[&quot;oco&quot;] = {&quot;Old Cornish&quot;},
	[&quot;ocu&quot;] = {&quot;Atzingo Matlatzinca&quot;},
	[&quot;oda&quot;] = {&quot;Odut&quot;},
	[&quot;odk&quot;] = {&quot;Od&quot;},
	[&quot;odt&quot;] = {&quot;Old Dutch&quot;},
	[&quot;odu&quot;] = {&quot;Odual&quot;},
	[&quot;ofo&quot;] = {&quot;Ofo&quot;},
	[&quot;ofs&quot;] = {&quot;Old Frisian&quot;},
	[&quot;ofu&quot;] = {&quot;Efutop&quot;},
	[&quot;ogb&quot;] = {&quot;Ogbia&quot;},
	[&quot;ogc&quot;] = {&quot;Ogbah&quot;},
	[&quot;oge&quot;] = {&quot;Old Georgian&quot;},
	[&quot;ogg&quot;] = {&quot;Ogbogolo&quot;},
	[&quot;ogo&quot;] = {&quot;Khana&quot;},
	[&quot;ogu&quot;] = {&quot;Ogbronuagum&quot;},
	[&quot;oht&quot;] = {&quot;Old Hittite&quot;},
	[&quot;ohu&quot;] = {&quot;Old Hungarian&quot;},
	[&quot;oia&quot;] = {&quot;Oirata&quot;},
	[&quot;oie&quot;] = {&quot;Okolie&quot;},
	[&quot;oin&quot;] = {&quot;Inebu One&quot;},
	[&quot;ojb&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Ojibwa&quot;},
	[&quot;ojc&quot;] = {&quot;Central Ojibwa&quot;},
	[&quot;ojg&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Ojibwa&quot;},
	[&quot;ojp&quot;] = {&quot;Old Japanese&quot;},
	[&quot;ojs&quot;] = {&quot;Severn Ojibwa&quot;},
	[&quot;ojv&quot;] = {&quot;Ontong Java&quot;},
	[&quot;ojw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Ojibwa&quot;},
	[&quot;oka&quot;] = {&quot;Okanagan&quot;},
	[&quot;okb&quot;] = {&quot;Okobo&quot;},
	[&quot;okc&quot;] = {&quot;Kobo&quot;},
	[&quot;okd&quot;] = {&quot;Okodia&quot;},
	[&quot;oke&quot;] = {&quot;Okpe (Southwestern Edo)&quot;},
	[&quot;okg&quot;] = {&quot;Koko Babangk&quot;},
	[&quot;okh&quot;] = {&quot;Koresh-e Rostam&quot;},
	[&quot;oki&quot;] = {&quot;Okiek&quot;},
	[&quot;okj&quot;] = {&quot;Oko-Juwoi&quot;},
	[&quot;okk&quot;] = {&quot;Kwamtim One&quot;},
	[&quot;okl&quot;] = {&quot;Old Kentish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;okm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Korean (10th-16th cent.)&quot;},
	[&quot;okn&quot;] = {&quot;Oki-No-Erabu&quot;},
	[&quot;oko&quot;] = {&quot;Old Korean (3rd-9th cent.)&quot;},
	[&quot;okr&quot;] = {&quot;Kirike&quot;},
	[&quot;oks&quot;] = {&quot;Oko-Eni-Osayen&quot;},
	[&quot;oku&quot;] = {&quot;Oku&quot;},
	[&quot;okv&quot;] = {&quot;Orokaiva&quot;},
	[&quot;okx&quot;] = {&quot;Okpe (Northwestern Edo)&quot;},
	[&quot;okz&quot;] = {&quot;Old Khmer&quot;},
	[&quot;ola&quot;] = {&quot;Walungge&quot;},
	[&quot;olb&quot;] = {&quot;Oli-Bodiman&quot;},
	[&quot;old&quot;] = {&quot;Mochi&quot;},
	[&quot;ole&quot;] = {&quot;Olekha&quot;},
	[&quot;olk&quot;] = {&quot;Olkol&quot;},
	[&quot;olm&quot;] = {&quot;Oloma&quot;},
	[&quot;olo&quot;] = {&quot;Livvi&quot;},
	[&quot;olr&quot;] = {&quot;Olrat&quot;},
	[&quot;olt&quot;] = {&quot;Old Lithuanian&quot;},
	[&quot;olu&quot;] = {&quot;Kuvale&quot;},
	[&quot;oma&quot;] = {&quot;Omaha-Ponca&quot;},
	[&quot;omb&quot;] = {&quot;East Ambae&quot;},
	[&quot;omc&quot;] = {&quot;Mochica&quot;},
	[&quot;omg&quot;] = {&quot;Omagua&quot;},
	[&quot;omi&quot;] = {&quot;Omi&quot;},
	[&quot;omk&quot;] = {&quot;Omok&quot;},
	[&quot;oml&quot;] = {&quot;Ombo&quot;},
	[&quot;omn&quot;] = {&quot;Minoan&quot;},
	[&quot;omo&quot;] = {&quot;Utarmbung&quot;},
	[&quot;omp&quot;] = {&quot;Old Manipuri&quot;},
	[&quot;omq&quot;] = {&quot;Oto-Manguean languages&quot;},
	[&quot;omr&quot;] = {&quot;Old Marathi&quot;},
	[&quot;omt&quot;] = {&quot;Omotik&quot;},
	[&quot;omu&quot;] = {&quot;Omurano&quot;},
	[&quot;omv&quot;] = {&quot;Omotic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;omw&quot;] = {&quot;South Tairora&quot;},
	[&quot;omx&quot;] = {&quot;Old Mon&quot;},
	[&quot;omy&quot;] = {&quot;Old Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;ona&quot;] = {&quot;Ona&quot;},
	[&quot;onb&quot;] = {&quot;Lingao&quot;},
	[&quot;one&quot;] = {&quot;Oneida&quot;},
	[&quot;ong&quot;] = {&quot;Olo&quot;},
	[&quot;oni&quot;] = {&quot;Onin&quot;},
	[&quot;onj&quot;] = {&quot;Onjob&quot;},
	[&quot;onk&quot;] = {&quot;Kabore One&quot;},
	[&quot;onn&quot;] = {&quot;Onobasulu&quot;},
	[&quot;ono&quot;] = {&quot;Onondaga&quot;},
	[&quot;onp&quot;] = {&quot;Sartang&quot;},
	[&quot;onr&quot;] = {&quot;Northern One&quot;},
	[&quot;ons&quot;] = {&quot;Ono&quot;},
	[&quot;ont&quot;] = {&quot;Ontenu&quot;},
	[&quot;onu&quot;] = {&quot;Unua&quot;},
	[&quot;onw&quot;] = {&quot;Old Nubian&quot;},
	[&quot;onx&quot;] = {&quot;Onin Based Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;ood&quot;] = {&quot;Tohono O'odham&quot;},
	[&quot;oog&quot;] = {&quot;Ong&quot;},
	[&quot;oon&quot;] = {&quot;Önge&quot;},
	[&quot;oor&quot;] = {&quot;Oorlams&quot;},
	[&quot;oos&quot;] = {&quot;Old Ossetic&quot;},
	[&quot;opa&quot;] = {&quot;Okpamheri&quot;},
	[&quot;opk&quot;] = {&quot;Kopkaka&quot;},
	[&quot;opm&quot;] = {&quot;Oksapmin&quot;},
	[&quot;opo&quot;] = {&quot;Opao&quot;},
	[&quot;opt&quot;] = {&quot;Opata&quot;},
	[&quot;opy&quot;] = {&quot;Ofayé&quot;},
	[&quot;ora&quot;] = {&quot;Oroha&quot;},
	[&quot;orc&quot;] = {&quot;Orma&quot;},
	[&quot;ore&quot;] = {&quot;Orejón&quot;},
	[&quot;org&quot;] = {&quot;Oring&quot;},
	[&quot;orh&quot;] = {&quot;Oroqen&quot;},
	[&quot;orn&quot;] = {&quot;Orang Kanaq&quot;},
	[&quot;oro&quot;] = {&quot;Orokolo&quot;},
	[&quot;orr&quot;] = {&quot;Oruma&quot;},
	[&quot;ors&quot;] = {&quot;Orang Seletar&quot;},
	[&quot;ort&quot;] = {&quot;Adivasi Oriya&quot;},
	[&quot;oru&quot;] = {&quot;Ormuri&quot;},
	[&quot;orv&quot;] = {&quot;Old Russian&quot;},
	[&quot;orw&quot;] = {&quot;Oro Win&quot;},
	[&quot;orx&quot;] = {&quot;Oro&quot;},
	[&quot;ory&quot;] = {&quot;Odia (individual language)&quot;, &quot;Oriya (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;orz&quot;] = {&quot;Ormu&quot;},
	[&quot;osa&quot;] = {&quot;Osage&quot;},
	[&quot;osc&quot;] = {&quot;Oscan&quot;},
	[&quot;osd&quot;] = {&quot;Digor Ossetic&quot;, &quot;Digor&quot;, &quot;Digor Ossetian&quot;},
	[&quot;osi&quot;] = {&quot;Osing&quot;},
	[&quot;osn&quot;] = {&quot;Old Sundanese&quot;},
	[&quot;oso&quot;] = {&quot;Ososo&quot;},
	[&quot;osp&quot;] = {&quot;Old Spanish&quot;},
	[&quot;ost&quot;] = {&quot;Osatu&quot;},
	[&quot;osu&quot;] = {&quot;Southern One&quot;},
	[&quot;osx&quot;] = {&quot;Old Saxon&quot;},
	[&quot;ota&quot;] = {&quot;Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)&quot;},
	[&quot;otb&quot;] = {&quot;Old Tibetan&quot;},
	[&quot;otd&quot;] = {&quot;Ot Danum&quot;},
	[&quot;ote&quot;] = {&quot;Mezquital Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;oti&quot;] = {&quot;Oti&quot;},
	[&quot;otk&quot;] = {&quot;Old Turkish&quot;},
	[&quot;otl&quot;] = {&quot;Tilapa Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;otm&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Highland Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;otn&quot;] = {&quot;Tenango Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;oto&quot;] = {&quot;Otomian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;otq&quot;] = {&quot;Querétaro Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;otr&quot;] = {&quot;Otoro&quot;},
	[&quot;ots&quot;] = {&quot;Estado de México Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;ott&quot;] = {&quot;Temoaya Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;otu&quot;] = {&quot;Otuke&quot;},
	[&quot;otw&quot;] = {&quot;Ottawa&quot;},
	[&quot;otx&quot;] = {&quot;Texcatepec Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;oty&quot;] = {&quot;Old Tamil&quot;},
	[&quot;otz&quot;] = {&quot;Ixtenco Otomi&quot;},
	[&quot;oua&quot;] = {&quot;Tagargrent&quot;},
	[&quot;oub&quot;] = {&quot;Glio-Oubi&quot;},
	[&quot;oue&quot;] = {&quot;Oune&quot;},
	[&quot;oui&quot;] = {&quot;Old Uighur&quot;},
	[&quot;oum&quot;] = {&quot;Ouma&quot;},
	[&quot;ovd&quot;] = {&quot;Elfdalian&quot;, &quot;Övdalian&quot;},
	[&quot;owi&quot;] = {&quot;Owiniga&quot;},
	[&quot;owl&quot;] = {&quot;Old Welsh&quot;},
	[&quot;oyb&quot;] = {&quot;Oy&quot;},
	[&quot;oyd&quot;] = {&quot;Oyda&quot;},
	[&quot;oym&quot;] = {&quot;Wayampi&quot;},
	[&quot;oyy&quot;] = {&quot;Oya'oya&quot;},
	[&quot;ozm&quot;] = {&quot;Koonzime&quot;},
	[&quot;paa&quot;] = {&quot;Papuan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;pab&quot;] = {&quot;Parecís&quot;},
	[&quot;pac&quot;] = {&quot;Pacoh&quot;},
	[&quot;pad&quot;] = {&quot;Paumarí&quot;},
	[&quot;pae&quot;] = {&quot;Pagibete&quot;},
	[&quot;paf&quot;] = {&quot;Paranawát&quot;},
	[&quot;pag&quot;] = {&quot;Pangasinan&quot;},
	[&quot;pah&quot;] = {&quot;Tenharim&quot;},
	[&quot;pai&quot;] = {&quot;Pe&quot;},
	[&quot;pak&quot;] = {&quot;Parakanã&quot;},
	[&quot;pal&quot;] = {&quot;Pahlavi&quot;},
	[&quot;pam&quot;] = {&quot;Pampanga&quot;, &quot;Kapampangan&quot;},
	[&quot;pao&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Paiute&quot;},
	[&quot;pap&quot;] = {&quot;Papiamento&quot;},
	[&quot;paq&quot;] = {&quot;Parya&quot;},
	[&quot;par&quot;] = {&quot;Panamint&quot;, &quot;Timbisha&quot;},
	[&quot;pas&quot;] = {&quot;Papasena&quot;},
	[&quot;pau&quot;] = {&quot;Palauan&quot;},
	[&quot;pav&quot;] = {&quot;Pakaásnovos&quot;},
	[&quot;paw&quot;] = {&quot;Pawnee&quot;},
	[&quot;pax&quot;] = {&quot;Pankararé&quot;},
	[&quot;pay&quot;] = {&quot;Pech&quot;},
	[&quot;paz&quot;] = {&quot;Pankararú&quot;},
	[&quot;pbb&quot;] = {&quot;Páez&quot;},
	[&quot;pbc&quot;] = {&quot;Patamona&quot;},
	[&quot;pbe&quot;] = {&quot;Mezontla Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;pbf&quot;] = {&quot;Coyotepec Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;pbg&quot;] = {&quot;Paraujano&quot;},
	[&quot;pbh&quot;] = {&quot;E'ñapa Woromaipu&quot;},
	[&quot;pbi&quot;] = {&quot;Parkwa&quot;},
	[&quot;pbl&quot;] = {&quot;Mak (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;pbm&quot;] = {&quot;Puebla Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;pbn&quot;] = {&quot;Kpasam&quot;},
	[&quot;pbo&quot;] = {&quot;Papel&quot;},
	[&quot;pbp&quot;] = {&quot;Badyara&quot;},
	[&quot;pbr&quot;] = {&quot;Pangwa&quot;},
	[&quot;pbs&quot;] = {&quot;Central Pame&quot;},
	[&quot;pbt&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Pashto&quot;},
	[&quot;pbu&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Pashto&quot;},
	[&quot;pbv&quot;] = {&quot;Pnar&quot;},
	[&quot;pby&quot;] = {&quot;Pyu (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;pca&quot;] = {&quot;Santa Inés Ahuatempan Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;pcb&quot;] = {&quot;Pear&quot;},
	[&quot;pcc&quot;] = {&quot;Bouyei&quot;},
	[&quot;pcd&quot;] = {&quot;Picard&quot;},
	[&quot;pce&quot;] = {&quot;Ruching Palaung&quot;},
	[&quot;pcf&quot;] = {&quot;Paliyan&quot;},
	[&quot;pcg&quot;] = {&quot;Paniya&quot;},
	[&quot;pch&quot;] = {&quot;Pardhan&quot;},
	[&quot;pci&quot;] = {&quot;Duruwa&quot;},
	[&quot;pcj&quot;] = {&quot;Parenga&quot;},
	[&quot;pck&quot;] = {&quot;Paite Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;pcl&quot;] = {&quot;Pardhi&quot;},
	[&quot;pcm&quot;] = {&quot;Nigerian Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;pcn&quot;] = {&quot;Piti&quot;},
	[&quot;pcp&quot;] = {&quot;Pacahuara&quot;},
	[&quot;pcw&quot;] = {&quot;Pyapun&quot;},
	[&quot;pda&quot;] = {&quot;Anam&quot;},
	[&quot;pdc&quot;] = {&quot;Pennsylvania German&quot;},
	[&quot;pdi&quot;] = {&quot;Pa Di&quot;},
	[&quot;pdn&quot;] = {&quot;Podena&quot;, &quot;Fedan&quot;},
	[&quot;pdo&quot;] = {&quot;Padoe&quot;},
	[&quot;pdt&quot;] = {&quot;Plautdietsch&quot;},
	[&quot;pdu&quot;] = {&quot;Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;pea&quot;] = {&quot;Peranakan Indonesian&quot;},
	[&quot;peb&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;ped&quot;] = {&quot;Mala (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;pee&quot;] = {&quot;Taje&quot;},
	[&quot;pef&quot;] = {&quot;Northeastern Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;peg&quot;] = {&quot;Pengo&quot;},
	[&quot;peh&quot;] = {&quot;Bonan&quot;},
	[&quot;pei&quot;] = {&quot;Chichimeca-Jonaz&quot;},
	[&quot;pej&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;pek&quot;] = {&quot;Penchal&quot;},
	[&quot;pel&quot;] = {&quot;Pekal&quot;},
	[&quot;pem&quot;] = {&quot;Phende&quot;},
	[&quot;peo&quot;] = {&quot;Old Persian (ca. 600-400 B.C.)&quot;},
	[&quot;pep&quot;] = {&quot;Kunja&quot;},
	[&quot;peq&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;pes&quot;] = {&quot;Iranian Persian&quot;},
	[&quot;pev&quot;] = {&quot;Pémono&quot;},
	[&quot;pex&quot;] = {&quot;Petats&quot;},
	[&quot;pey&quot;] = {&quot;Petjo&quot;},
	[&quot;pez&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Penan&quot;},
	[&quot;pfa&quot;] = {&quot;Pááfang&quot;},
	[&quot;pfe&quot;] = {&quot;Pere&quot;},
	[&quot;pfl&quot;] = {&quot;Pfaelzisch&quot;},
	[&quot;pga&quot;] = {&quot;Sudanese Creole Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;pgd&quot;] = {&quot;Gāndhārī&quot;},
	[&quot;pgg&quot;] = {&quot;Pangwali&quot;},
	[&quot;pgi&quot;] = {&quot;Pagi&quot;},
	[&quot;pgk&quot;] = {&quot;Rerep&quot;},
	[&quot;pgl&quot;] = {&quot;Primitive Irish&quot;},
	[&quot;pgn&quot;] = {&quot;Paelignian&quot;},
	[&quot;pgs&quot;] = {&quot;Pangseng&quot;},
	[&quot;pgu&quot;] = {&quot;Pagu&quot;},
	[&quot;pgz&quot;] = {&quot;Papua New Guinean Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;pha&quot;] = {&quot;Pa-Hng&quot;},
	[&quot;phd&quot;] = {&quot;Phudagi&quot;},
	[&quot;phg&quot;] = {&quot;Phuong&quot;},
	[&quot;phh&quot;] = {&quot;Phukha&quot;},
	[&quot;phi&quot;] = {&quot;Philippine languages&quot;},
	[&quot;phj&quot;] = {&quot;Pahari&quot;},
	[&quot;phk&quot;] = {&quot;Phake&quot;},
	[&quot;phl&quot;] = {&quot;Phalura&quot;, &quot;Palula&quot;},
	[&quot;phm&quot;] = {&quot;Phimbi&quot;},
	[&quot;phn&quot;] = {&quot;Phoenician&quot;},
	[&quot;pho&quot;] = {&quot;Phunoi&quot;},
	[&quot;phq&quot;] = {&quot;Phana'&quot;},
	[&quot;phr&quot;] = {&quot;Pahari-Potwari&quot;},
	[&quot;pht&quot;] = {&quot;Phu Thai&quot;},
	[&quot;phu&quot;] = {&quot;Phuan&quot;},
	[&quot;phv&quot;] = {&quot;Pahlavani&quot;},
	[&quot;phw&quot;] = {&quot;Phangduwali&quot;},
	[&quot;pia&quot;] = {&quot;Pima Bajo&quot;},
	[&quot;pib&quot;] = {&quot;Yine&quot;},
	[&quot;pic&quot;] = {&quot;Pinji&quot;},
	[&quot;pid&quot;] = {&quot;Piaroa&quot;},
	[&quot;pie&quot;] = {&quot;Piro&quot;},
	[&quot;pif&quot;] = {&quot;Pingelapese&quot;},
	[&quot;pig&quot;] = {&quot;Pisabo&quot;},
	[&quot;pih&quot;] = {&quot;Pitcairn-Norfolk&quot;},
	[&quot;pij&quot;] = {&quot;Pijao&quot;},
	[&quot;pil&quot;] = {&quot;Yom&quot;},
	[&quot;pim&quot;] = {&quot;Powhatan&quot;},
	[&quot;pin&quot;] = {&quot;Piame&quot;},
	[&quot;pio&quot;] = {&quot;Piapoco&quot;},
	[&quot;pip&quot;] = {&quot;Pero&quot;},
	[&quot;pir&quot;] = {&quot;Piratapuyo&quot;},
	[&quot;pis&quot;] = {&quot;Pijin&quot;},
	[&quot;pit&quot;] = {&quot;Pitta Pitta&quot;},
	[&quot;piu&quot;] = {&quot;Pintupi-Luritja&quot;},
	[&quot;piv&quot;] = {&quot;Pileni&quot;, &quot;Vaeakau-Taumako&quot;},
	[&quot;piw&quot;] = {&quot;Pimbwe&quot;},
	[&quot;pix&quot;] = {&quot;Piu&quot;},
	[&quot;piy&quot;] = {&quot;Piya-Kwonci&quot;},
	[&quot;piz&quot;] = {&quot;Pije&quot;},
	[&quot;pjt&quot;] = {&quot;Pitjantjatjara&quot;},
	[&quot;pka&quot;] = {&quot;Ardhamāgadhī Prākrit&quot;},
	[&quot;pkb&quot;] = {&quot;Pokomo&quot;, &quot;Kipfokomo&quot;},
	[&quot;pkc&quot;] = {&quot;Paekche&quot;},
	[&quot;pkg&quot;] = {&quot;Pak-Tong&quot;},
	[&quot;pkh&quot;] = {&quot;Pankhu&quot;},
	[&quot;pkn&quot;] = {&quot;Pakanha&quot;},
	[&quot;pko&quot;] = {&quot;Pökoot&quot;},
	[&quot;pkp&quot;] = {&quot;Pukapuka&quot;},
	[&quot;pkr&quot;] = {&quot;Attapady Kurumba&quot;},
	[&quot;pks&quot;] = {&quot;Pakistan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;pkt&quot;] = {&quot;Maleng&quot;},
	[&quot;pku&quot;] = {&quot;Paku&quot;},
	[&quot;pla&quot;] = {&quot;Miani&quot;},
	[&quot;plb&quot;] = {&quot;Polonombauk&quot;},
	[&quot;plc&quot;] = {&quot;Central Palawano&quot;},
	[&quot;pld&quot;] = {&quot;Polari&quot;},
	[&quot;ple&quot;] = {&quot;Palu'e&quot;},
	[&quot;plf&quot;] = {&quot;Central Malayo-Polynesian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;plg&quot;] = {&quot;Pilagá&quot;},
	[&quot;plh&quot;] = {&quot;Paulohi&quot;},
	[&quot;plk&quot;] = {&quot;Kohistani Shina&quot;},
	[&quot;pll&quot;] = {&quot;Shwe Palaung&quot;},
	[&quot;pln&quot;] = {&quot;Palenquero&quot;},
	[&quot;plo&quot;] = {&quot;Oluta Popoluca&quot;},
	[&quot;plq&quot;] = {&quot;Palaic&quot;},
	[&quot;plr&quot;] = {&quot;Palaka Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;pls&quot;] = {&quot;San Marcos Tlacoyalco Popoloca&quot;, &quot;San Marcos Tlalcoyalco Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;plt&quot;] = {&quot;Plateau Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;plu&quot;] = {&quot;Palikúr&quot;},
	[&quot;plv&quot;] = {&quot;Southwest Palawano&quot;},
	[&quot;plw&quot;] = {&quot;Brooke's Point Palawano&quot;},
	[&quot;ply&quot;] = {&quot;Bolyu&quot;},
	[&quot;plz&quot;] = {&quot;Paluan&quot;},
	[&quot;pma&quot;] = {&quot;Paama&quot;},
	[&quot;pmb&quot;] = {&quot;Pambia&quot;},
	[&quot;pmd&quot;] = {&quot;Pallanganmiddang&quot;},
	[&quot;pme&quot;] = {&quot;Pwaamei&quot;},
	[&quot;pmf&quot;] = {&quot;Pamona&quot;},
	[&quot;pmh&quot;] = {&quot;Māhārāṣṭri Prākrit&quot;},
	[&quot;pmi&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Pumi&quot;},
	[&quot;pmj&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Pumi&quot;},
	[&quot;pml&quot;] = {&quot;Lingua Franca&quot;},
	[&quot;pmm&quot;] = {&quot;Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;pmn&quot;] = {&quot;Pam&quot;},
	[&quot;pmo&quot;] = {&quot;Pom&quot;},
	[&quot;pmq&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Pame&quot;},
	[&quot;pmr&quot;] = {&quot;Paynamar&quot;},
	[&quot;pms&quot;] = {&quot;Piemontese&quot;},
	[&quot;pmt&quot;] = {&quot;Tuamotuan&quot;},
	[&quot;pmw&quot;] = {&quot;Plains Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;pmx&quot;] = {&quot;Poumei Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;pmy&quot;] = {&quot;Papuan Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;pmz&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Pame&quot;},
	[&quot;pna&quot;] = {&quot;Punan Bah-Biau&quot;},
	[&quot;pnb&quot;] = {&quot;Western Panjabi&quot;},
	[&quot;pnc&quot;] = {&quot;Pannei&quot;},
	[&quot;pnd&quot;] = {&quot;Mpinda&quot;},
	[&quot;pne&quot;] = {&quot;Western Penan&quot;},
	[&quot;png&quot;] = {&quot;Pangu&quot;, &quot;Pongu&quot;},
	[&quot;pnh&quot;] = {&quot;Penrhyn&quot;},
	[&quot;pni&quot;] = {&quot;Aoheng&quot;},
	[&quot;pnj&quot;] = {&quot;Pinjarup&quot;},
	[&quot;pnk&quot;] = {&quot;Paunaka&quot;},
	[&quot;pnl&quot;] = {&quot;Paleni&quot;},
	[&quot;pnm&quot;] = {&quot;Punan Batu 1&quot;},
	[&quot;pnn&quot;] = {&quot;Pinai-Hagahai&quot;},
	[&quot;pno&quot;] = {&quot;Panobo&quot;},
	[&quot;pnp&quot;] = {&quot;Pancana&quot;},
	[&quot;pnq&quot;] = {&quot;Pana (Burkina Faso)&quot;},
	[&quot;pnr&quot;] = {&quot;Panim&quot;},
	[&quot;pns&quot;] = {&quot;Ponosakan&quot;},
	[&quot;pnt&quot;] = {&quot;Pontic&quot;},
	[&quot;pnu&quot;] = {&quot;Jiongnai Bunu&quot;},
	[&quot;pnv&quot;] = {&quot;Pinigura&quot;},
	[&quot;pnw&quot;] = {&quot;Banyjima&quot;, &quot;Panytyima&quot;},
	[&quot;pnx&quot;] = {&quot;Phong-Kniang&quot;},
	[&quot;pny&quot;] = {&quot;Pinyin&quot;},
	[&quot;pnz&quot;] = {&quot;Pana (Central African Republic)&quot;},
	[&quot;poc&quot;] = {&quot;Poqomam&quot;},
	[&quot;poe&quot;] = {&quot;San Juan Atzingo Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;pof&quot;] = {&quot;Poke&quot;},
	[&quot;pog&quot;] = {&quot;Potiguára&quot;},
	[&quot;poh&quot;] = {&quot;Poqomchi'&quot;},
	[&quot;poi&quot;] = {&quot;Highland Popoluca&quot;},
	[&quot;pok&quot;] = {&quot;Pokangá&quot;},
	[&quot;pom&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;pon&quot;] = {&quot;Pohnpeian&quot;},
	[&quot;poo&quot;] = {&quot;Central Pomo&quot;},
	[&quot;pop&quot;] = {&quot;Pwapwâ&quot;},
	[&quot;poq&quot;] = {&quot;Texistepec Popoluca&quot;},
	[&quot;pos&quot;] = {&quot;Sayula Popoluca&quot;},
	[&quot;pot&quot;] = {&quot;Potawatomi&quot;},
	[&quot;pov&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Guinea Crioulo&quot;},
	[&quot;pow&quot;] = {&quot;San Felipe Otlaltepec Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;pox&quot;] = {&quot;Polabian&quot;},
	[&quot;poy&quot;] = {&quot;Pogolo&quot;},
	[&quot;poz&quot;] = {&quot;Malayo-Polynesian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ppe&quot;] = {&quot;Papi&quot;},
	[&quot;ppi&quot;] = {&quot;Paipai&quot;},
	[&quot;ppk&quot;] = {&quot;Uma&quot;},
	[&quot;ppl&quot;] = {&quot;Pipil&quot;, &quot;Nicarao&quot;},
	[&quot;ppm&quot;] = {&quot;Papuma&quot;},
	[&quot;ppn&quot;] = {&quot;Papapana&quot;},
	[&quot;ppo&quot;] = {&quot;Folopa&quot;},
	[&quot;ppp&quot;] = {&quot;Pelende&quot;},
	[&quot;ppq&quot;] = {&quot;Pei&quot;},
	[&quot;pps&quot;] = {&quot;San Luís Temalacayuca Popoloca&quot;},
	[&quot;ppt&quot;] = {&quot;Pare&quot;},
	[&quot;ppu&quot;] = {&quot;Papora&quot;},
	[&quot;pqa&quot;] = {&quot;Pa'a&quot;},
	[&quot;pqe&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;pqm&quot;] = {&quot;Malecite-Passamaquoddy&quot;},
	[&quot;pqw&quot;] = {&quot;Western Malayo-Polynesian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;pra&quot;] = {&quot;Prakrit languages&quot;},
	[&quot;prc&quot;] = {&quot;Parachi&quot;},
	[&quot;prd&quot;] = {&quot;Parsi-Dari&quot;},
	[&quot;pre&quot;] = {&quot;Principense&quot;},
	[&quot;prf&quot;] = {&quot;Paranan&quot;},
	[&quot;prg&quot;] = {&quot;Prussian&quot;},
	[&quot;prh&quot;] = {&quot;Porohanon&quot;},
	[&quot;pri&quot;] = {&quot;Paicî&quot;},
	[&quot;prk&quot;] = {&quot;Parauk&quot;},
	[&quot;prl&quot;] = {&quot;Peruvian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;prm&quot;] = {&quot;Kibiri&quot;},
	[&quot;prn&quot;] = {&quot;Prasuni&quot;},
	[&quot;pro&quot;] = {&quot;Old Provençal (to 1500)&quot;, &quot;Old Occitan (to 1500)&quot;},
	[&quot;prq&quot;] = {&quot;Ashéninka Perené&quot;},
	[&quot;prr&quot;] = {&quot;Puri&quot;},
	[&quot;prs&quot;] = {&quot;Dari&quot;, &quot;Afghan Persian&quot;},
	[&quot;prt&quot;] = {&quot;Phai&quot;},
	[&quot;pru&quot;] = {&quot;Puragi&quot;},
	[&quot;prw&quot;] = {&quot;Parawen&quot;},
	[&quot;prx&quot;] = {&quot;Purik&quot;},
	[&quot;prz&quot;] = {&quot;Providencia Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;psa&quot;] = {&quot;Asue Awyu&quot;},
	[&quot;psc&quot;] = {&quot;Iranian Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Persian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;psd&quot;] = {&quot;Plains Indian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;pse&quot;] = {&quot;Central Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;psg&quot;] = {&quot;Penang Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;psh&quot;] = {&quot;Southwest Pashai&quot;, &quot;Southwest Pashayi&quot;},
	[&quot;psi&quot;] = {&quot;Southeast Pashai&quot;, &quot;Southeast Pashayi&quot;},
	[&quot;psl&quot;] = {&quot;Puerto Rican Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;psm&quot;] = {&quot;Pauserna&quot;},
	[&quot;psn&quot;] = {&quot;Panasuan&quot;},
	[&quot;pso&quot;] = {&quot;Polish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;psp&quot;] = {&quot;Philippine Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;psq&quot;] = {&quot;Pasi&quot;},
	[&quot;psr&quot;] = {&quot;Portuguese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;pss&quot;] = {&quot;Kaulong&quot;},
	[&quot;pst&quot;] = {&quot;Central Pashto&quot;},
	[&quot;psu&quot;] = {&quot;Sauraseni Prākrit&quot;},
	[&quot;psw&quot;] = {&quot;Port Sandwich&quot;},
	[&quot;psy&quot;] = {&quot;Piscataway&quot;},
	[&quot;pta&quot;] = {&quot;Pai Tavytera&quot;},
	[&quot;pth&quot;] = {&quot;Pataxó Hã-Ha-Hãe&quot;},
	[&quot;pti&quot;] = {&quot;Pindiini&quot;, &quot;Wangkatha&quot;},
	[&quot;ptn&quot;] = {&quot;Patani&quot;},
	[&quot;pto&quot;] = {&quot;Zo'é&quot;},
	[&quot;ptp&quot;] = {&quot;Patep&quot;},
	[&quot;ptq&quot;] = {&quot;Pattapu&quot;},
	[&quot;ptr&quot;] = {&quot;Piamatsina&quot;},
	[&quot;ptt&quot;] = {&quot;Enrekang&quot;},
	[&quot;ptu&quot;] = {&quot;Bambam&quot;},
	[&quot;ptv&quot;] = {&quot;Port Vato&quot;},
	[&quot;ptw&quot;] = {&quot;Pentlatch&quot;},
	[&quot;pty&quot;] = {&quot;Pathiya&quot;},
	[&quot;pua&quot;] = {&quot;Western Highland Purepecha&quot;},
	[&quot;pub&quot;] = {&quot;Purum&quot;},
	[&quot;puc&quot;] = {&quot;Punan Merap&quot;},
	[&quot;pud&quot;] = {&quot;Punan Aput&quot;},
	[&quot;pue&quot;] = {&quot;Puelche&quot;},
	[&quot;puf&quot;] = {&quot;Punan Merah&quot;},
	[&quot;pug&quot;] = {&quot;Phuie&quot;},
	[&quot;pui&quot;] = {&quot;Puinave&quot;},
	[&quot;puj&quot;] = {&quot;Punan Tubu&quot;},
	[&quot;pum&quot;] = {&quot;Puma&quot;},
	[&quot;puo&quot;] = {&quot;Puoc&quot;},
	[&quot;pup&quot;] = {&quot;Pulabu&quot;},
	[&quot;puq&quot;] = {&quot;Puquina&quot;},
	[&quot;pur&quot;] = {&quot;Puruborá&quot;},
	[&quot;put&quot;] = {&quot;Putoh&quot;},
	[&quot;puu&quot;] = {&quot;Punu&quot;},
	[&quot;puw&quot;] = {&quot;Puluwatese&quot;},
	[&quot;pux&quot;] = {&quot;Puare&quot;},
	[&quot;puy&quot;] = {&quot;Purisimeño&quot;},
	[&quot;pwa&quot;] = {&quot;Pawaia&quot;},
	[&quot;pwb&quot;] = {&quot;Panawa&quot;},
	[&quot;pwg&quot;] = {&quot;Gapapaiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;pwi&quot;] = {&quot;Patwin&quot;},
	[&quot;pwm&quot;] = {&quot;Molbog&quot;},
	[&quot;pwn&quot;] = {&quot;Paiwan&quot;},
	[&quot;pwo&quot;] = {&quot;Pwo Western Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;pwr&quot;] = {&quot;Powari&quot;},
	[&quot;pww&quot;] = {&quot;Pwo Northern Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;pxm&quot;] = {&quot;Quetzaltepec Mixe&quot;},
	[&quot;pye&quot;] = {&quot;Pye Krumen&quot;},
	[&quot;pym&quot;] = {&quot;Fyam&quot;},
	[&quot;pyn&quot;] = {&quot;Poyanáwa&quot;},
	[&quot;pys&quot;] = {&quot;Paraguayan Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Lengua de Señas del Paraguay&quot;},
	[&quot;pyu&quot;] = {&quot;Puyuma&quot;},
	[&quot;pyx&quot;] = {&quot;Pyu (Myanmar)&quot;},
	[&quot;pyy&quot;] = {&quot;Pyen&quot;},
	[&quot;pze&quot;] = {&quot;Pesse&quot;},
	[&quot;pzh&quot;] = {&quot;Pazeh&quot;},
	[&quot;pzn&quot;] = {&quot;Jejara Naga&quot;, &quot;Para Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;qua&quot;] = {&quot;Quapaw&quot;},
	[&quot;qub&quot;] = {&quot;Huallaga Huánuco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;quc&quot;] = {&quot;K'iche'&quot;, &quot;Quiché&quot;},
	[&quot;qud&quot;] = {&quot;Calderón Highland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;quf&quot;] = {&quot;Lambayeque Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qug&quot;] = {&quot;Chimborazo Highland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;quh&quot;] = {&quot;South Bolivian Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qui&quot;] = {&quot;Quileute&quot;},
	[&quot;quk&quot;] = {&quot;Chachapoyas Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qul&quot;] = {&quot;North Bolivian Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qum&quot;] = {&quot;Sipacapense&quot;},
	[&quot;qun&quot;] = {&quot;Quinault&quot;},
	[&quot;qup&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Pastaza Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;quq&quot;] = {&quot;Quinqui&quot;},
	[&quot;qur&quot;] = {&quot;Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qus&quot;] = {&quot;Santiago del Estero Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;quv&quot;] = {&quot;Sacapulteco&quot;},
	[&quot;quw&quot;] = {&quot;Tena Lowland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;qux&quot;] = {&quot;Yauyos Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;quy&quot;] = {&quot;Ayacucho Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;quz&quot;] = {&quot;Cusco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qva&quot;] = {&quot;Ambo-Pasco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvc&quot;] = {&quot;Cajamarca Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qve&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Apurímac Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvh&quot;] = {&quot;Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvi&quot;] = {&quot;Imbabura Highland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvj&quot;] = {&quot;Loja Highland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvl&quot;] = {&quot;Cajatambo North Lima Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvm&quot;] = {&quot;Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvn&quot;] = {&quot;North Junín Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvo&quot;] = {&quot;Napo Lowland Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvp&quot;] = {&quot;Pacaraos Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvs&quot;] = {&quot;San Martín Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvw&quot;] = {&quot;Huaylla Wanca Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qvy&quot;] = {&quot;Queyu&quot;},
	[&quot;qvz&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Pastaza Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;qwa&quot;] = {&quot;Corongo Ancash Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qwc&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qwe&quot;] = {&quot;Quechuan (family)&quot;},
	[&quot;qwh&quot;] = {&quot;Huaylas Ancash Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qwm&quot;] = {&quot;Kuman (Russia)&quot;},
	[&quot;qws&quot;] = {&quot;Sihuas Ancash Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qwt&quot;] = {&quot;Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai&quot;},
	[&quot;qxa&quot;] = {&quot;Chiquián Ancash Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxc&quot;] = {&quot;Chincha Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxh&quot;] = {&quot;Panao Huánuco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxl&quot;] = {&quot;Salasaca Highland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxo&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxp&quot;] = {&quot;Puno Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxq&quot;] = {&quot;Qashqa'i&quot;},
	[&quot;qxr&quot;] = {&quot;Cañar Highland Quichua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxs&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Qiang&quot;},
	[&quot;qxt&quot;] = {&quot;Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxu&quot;] = {&quot;Arequipa-La Unión Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qxw&quot;] = {&quot;Jauja Wanca Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;qya&quot;] = {&quot;Quenya&quot;},
	[&quot;qyp&quot;] = {&quot;Quiripi&quot;},
	[&quot;raa&quot;] = {&quot;Dungmali&quot;},
	[&quot;rab&quot;] = {&quot;Camling&quot;},
	[&quot;rac&quot;] = {&quot;Rasawa&quot;},
	[&quot;rad&quot;] = {&quot;Rade&quot;},
	[&quot;raf&quot;] = {&quot;Western Meohang&quot;},
	[&quot;rag&quot;] = {&quot;Logooli&quot;, &quot;Lulogooli&quot;},
	[&quot;rah&quot;] = {&quot;Rabha&quot;},
	[&quot;rai&quot;] = {&quot;Ramoaaina&quot;},
	[&quot;raj&quot;] = {&quot;Rajasthani&quot;},
	[&quot;rak&quot;] = {&quot;Tulu-Bohuai&quot;},
	[&quot;ral&quot;] = {&quot;Ralte&quot;},
	[&quot;ram&quot;] = {&quot;Canela&quot;},
	[&quot;ran&quot;] = {&quot;Riantana&quot;},
	[&quot;rao&quot;] = {&quot;Rao&quot;},
	[&quot;rap&quot;] = {&quot;Rapanui&quot;},
	[&quot;raq&quot;] = {&quot;Saam&quot;},
	[&quot;rar&quot;] = {&quot;Rarotongan&quot;, &quot;Cook Islands Maori&quot;},
	[&quot;ras&quot;] = {&quot;Tegali&quot;},
	[&quot;rat&quot;] = {&quot;Razajerdi&quot;},
	[&quot;rau&quot;] = {&quot;Raute&quot;},
	[&quot;rav&quot;] = {&quot;Sampang&quot;},
	[&quot;raw&quot;] = {&quot;Rawang&quot;},
	[&quot;rax&quot;] = {&quot;Rang&quot;},
	[&quot;ray&quot;] = {&quot;Rapa&quot;},
	[&quot;raz&quot;] = {&quot;Rahambuu&quot;},
	[&quot;rbb&quot;] = {&quot;Rumai Palaung&quot;},
	[&quot;rbk&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Bontok&quot;},
	[&quot;rbl&quot;] = {&quot;Miraya Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;rbp&quot;] = {&quot;Barababaraba&quot;},
	[&quot;rcf&quot;] = {&quot;Réunion Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;rdb&quot;] = {&quot;Rudbari&quot;},
	[&quot;rea&quot;] = {&quot;Rerau&quot;},
	[&quot;reb&quot;] = {&quot;Rembong&quot;},
	[&quot;ree&quot;] = {&quot;Rejang Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;reg&quot;] = {&quot;Kara (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;rei&quot;] = {&quot;Reli&quot;},
	[&quot;rej&quot;] = {&quot;Rejang&quot;},
	[&quot;rel&quot;] = {&quot;Rendille&quot;},
	[&quot;rem&quot;] = {&quot;Remo&quot;},
	[&quot;ren&quot;] = {&quot;Rengao&quot;},
	[&quot;rer&quot;] = {&quot;Rer Bare&quot;},
	[&quot;res&quot;] = {&quot;Reshe&quot;},
	[&quot;ret&quot;] = {&quot;Retta&quot;},
	[&quot;rey&quot;] = {&quot;Reyesano&quot;},
	[&quot;rga&quot;] = {&quot;Roria&quot;},
	[&quot;rge&quot;] = {&quot;Romano-Greek&quot;},
	[&quot;rgk&quot;] = {&quot;Rangkas&quot;},
	[&quot;rgn&quot;] = {&quot;Romagnol&quot;},
	[&quot;rgr&quot;] = {&quot;Resígaro&quot;},
	[&quot;rgs&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Roglai&quot;},
	[&quot;rgu&quot;] = {&quot;Ringgou&quot;},
	[&quot;rhg&quot;] = {&quot;Rohingya&quot;},
	[&quot;rhp&quot;] = {&quot;Yahang&quot;},
	[&quot;ria&quot;] = {&quot;Riang (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;rib&quot;] = {&quot;Bribri Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;rif&quot;] = {&quot;Tarifit&quot;},
	[&quot;ril&quot;] = {&quot;Riang Lang&quot;, &quot;Riang (Myanmar)&quot;},
	[&quot;rim&quot;] = {&quot;Nyaturu&quot;},
	[&quot;rin&quot;] = {&quot;Nungu&quot;},
	[&quot;rir&quot;] = {&quot;Ribun&quot;},
	[&quot;rit&quot;] = {&quot;Ritharrngu&quot;},
	[&quot;riu&quot;] = {&quot;Riung&quot;},
	[&quot;rjg&quot;] = {&quot;Rajong&quot;},
	[&quot;rji&quot;] = {&quot;Raji&quot;},
	[&quot;rjs&quot;] = {&quot;Rajbanshi&quot;},
	[&quot;rka&quot;] = {&quot;Kraol&quot;},
	[&quot;rkb&quot;] = {&quot;Rikbaktsa&quot;},
	[&quot;rkh&quot;] = {&quot;Rakahanga-Manihiki&quot;},
	[&quot;rki&quot;] = {&quot;Rakhine&quot;},
	[&quot;rkm&quot;] = {&quot;Marka&quot;},
	[&quot;rkt&quot;] = {&quot;Rangpuri&quot;, &quot;Kamta&quot;},
	[&quot;rkw&quot;] = {&quot;Arakwal&quot;},
	[&quot;rma&quot;] = {&quot;Rama&quot;},
	[&quot;rmb&quot;] = {&quot;Rembarrnga&quot;},
	[&quot;rmc&quot;] = {&quot;Carpathian Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmd&quot;] = {&quot;Traveller Danish&quot;},
	[&quot;rme&quot;] = {&quot;Angloromani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmf&quot;] = {&quot;Kalo Finnish Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmg&quot;] = {&quot;Traveller Norwegian&quot;},
	[&quot;rmh&quot;] = {&quot;Murkim&quot;},
	[&quot;rmi&quot;] = {&quot;Lomavren&quot;},
	[&quot;rmk&quot;] = {&quot;Romkun&quot;},
	[&quot;rml&quot;] = {&quot;Baltic Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmm&quot;] = {&quot;Roma&quot;},
	[&quot;rmn&quot;] = {&quot;Balkan Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmo&quot;] = {&quot;Sinte Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmp&quot;] = {&quot;Rempi&quot;},
	[&quot;rmq&quot;] = {&quot;Caló&quot;},
	[&quot;rms&quot;] = {&quot;Romanian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;rmt&quot;] = {&quot;Domari&quot;},
	[&quot;rmu&quot;] = {&quot;Tavringer Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmv&quot;] = {&quot;Romanova&quot;},
	[&quot;rmw&quot;] = {&quot;Welsh Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmx&quot;] = {&quot;Romam&quot;},
	[&quot;rmy&quot;] = {&quot;Vlax Romani&quot;},
	[&quot;rmz&quot;] = {&quot;Marma&quot;},
	[&quot;rnb&quot;] = {&quot;Brunca Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;rnd&quot;] = {&quot;Ruund&quot;},
	[&quot;rng&quot;] = {&quot;Ronga&quot;},
	[&quot;rnl&quot;] = {&quot;Ranglong&quot;},
	[&quot;rnn&quot;] = {&quot;Roon&quot;},
	[&quot;rnp&quot;] = {&quot;Rongpo&quot;},
	[&quot;rnr&quot;] = {&quot;Nari Nari&quot;},
	[&quot;rnw&quot;] = {&quot;Rungwa&quot;},
	[&quot;roa&quot;] = {&quot;Romance languages&quot;},
	[&quot;rob&quot;] = {&quot;Tae'&quot;},
	[&quot;roc&quot;] = {&quot;Cacgia Roglai&quot;},
	[&quot;rod&quot;] = {&quot;Rogo&quot;},
	[&quot;roe&quot;] = {&quot;Ronji&quot;},
	[&quot;rof&quot;] = {&quot;Rombo&quot;},
	[&quot;rog&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Roglai&quot;},
	[&quot;rol&quot;] = {&quot;Romblomanon&quot;},
	[&quot;rom&quot;] = {&quot;Romany&quot;},
	[&quot;roo&quot;] = {&quot;Rotokas&quot;},
	[&quot;rop&quot;] = {&quot;Kriol&quot;},
	[&quot;ror&quot;] = {&quot;Rongga&quot;},
	[&quot;rou&quot;] = {&quot;Runga&quot;},
	[&quot;row&quot;] = {&quot;Dela-Oenale&quot;},
	[&quot;rpn&quot;] = {&quot;Repanbitip&quot;},
	[&quot;rpt&quot;] = {&quot;Rapting&quot;},
	[&quot;rri&quot;] = {&quot;Ririo&quot;},
	[&quot;rrm&quot;] = {&quot;Moriori&quot;},
	[&quot;rro&quot;] = {&quot;Waima&quot;},
	[&quot;rrt&quot;] = {&quot;Arritinngithigh&quot;},
	[&quot;rsb&quot;] = {&quot;Romano-Serbian&quot;},
	[&quot;rsk&quot;] = {&quot;Ruthenian&quot;, &quot;Rusnak&quot;},
	[&quot;rsl&quot;] = {&quot;Russian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;rsm&quot;] = {&quot;Miriwoong Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;rsn&quot;] = {&quot;Rwandan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;rsw&quot;] = {&quot;Rishiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;rtc&quot;] = {&quot;Rungtu Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;rth&quot;] = {&quot;Ratahan&quot;},
	[&quot;rtm&quot;] = {&quot;Rotuman&quot;},
	[&quot;rts&quot;] = {&quot;Yurats&quot;},
	[&quot;rtw&quot;] = {&quot;Rathawi&quot;},
	[&quot;rub&quot;] = {&quot;Gungu&quot;},
	[&quot;ruc&quot;] = {&quot;Ruuli&quot;},
	[&quot;rue&quot;] = {&quot;Rusyn&quot;},
	[&quot;ruf&quot;] = {&quot;Luguru&quot;},
	[&quot;rug&quot;] = {&quot;Roviana&quot;},
	[&quot;ruh&quot;] = {&quot;Ruga&quot;},
	[&quot;rui&quot;] = {&quot;Rufiji&quot;},
	[&quot;ruk&quot;] = {&quot;Che&quot;},
	[&quot;ruo&quot;] = {&quot;Istro Romanian&quot;},
	[&quot;rup&quot;] = {&quot;Macedo-Romanian&quot;, &quot;Aromanian&quot;, &quot;Arumanian&quot;},
	[&quot;ruq&quot;] = {&quot;Megleno Romanian&quot;},
	[&quot;rut&quot;] = {&quot;Rutul&quot;},
	[&quot;ruu&quot;] = {&quot;Lanas Lobu&quot;},
	[&quot;ruy&quot;] = {&quot;Mala (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;ruz&quot;] = {&quot;Ruma&quot;},
	[&quot;rwa&quot;] = {&quot;Rawo&quot;},
	[&quot;rwk&quot;] = {&quot;Rwa&quot;},
	[&quot;rwl&quot;] = {&quot;Ruwila&quot;},
	[&quot;rwm&quot;] = {&quot;Amba (Uganda)&quot;},
	[&quot;rwo&quot;] = {&quot;Rawa&quot;},
	[&quot;rwr&quot;] = {&quot;Marwari (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;rxd&quot;] = {&quot;Ngardi&quot;},
	[&quot;rxw&quot;] = {&quot;Karuwali&quot;, &quot;Garuwali&quot;},
	[&quot;ryn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Amami-Oshima&quot;},
	[&quot;rys&quot;] = {&quot;Yaeyama&quot;},
	[&quot;ryu&quot;] = {&quot;Central Okinawan&quot;},
	[&quot;rzh&quot;] = {&quot;Rāziḥī&quot;},
	[&quot;saa&quot;] = {&quot;Saba&quot;},
	[&quot;sab&quot;] = {&quot;Buglere&quot;},
	[&quot;sac&quot;] = {&quot;Meskwaki&quot;},
	[&quot;sad&quot;] = {&quot;Sandawe&quot;},
	[&quot;sae&quot;] = {&quot;Sabanê&quot;},
	[&quot;saf&quot;] = {&quot;Safaliba&quot;},
	[&quot;sah&quot;] = {&quot;Yakut&quot;},
	[&quot;sai&quot;] = {&quot;South American Indian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;saj&quot;] = {&quot;Sahu&quot;},
	[&quot;sak&quot;] = {&quot;Sake&quot;},
	[&quot;sal&quot;] = {&quot;Salishan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;sam&quot;] = {&quot;Samaritan Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;sao&quot;] = {&quot;Sause&quot;},
	[&quot;saq&quot;] = {&quot;Samburu&quot;},
	[&quot;sar&quot;] = {&quot;Saraveca&quot;},
	[&quot;sas&quot;] = {&quot;Sasak&quot;},
	[&quot;sat&quot;] = {&quot;Santali&quot;},
	[&quot;sau&quot;] = {&quot;Saleman&quot;},
	[&quot;sav&quot;] = {&quot;Saafi-Saafi&quot;},
	[&quot;saw&quot;] = {&quot;Sawi&quot;},
	[&quot;sax&quot;] = {&quot;Sa&quot;},
	[&quot;say&quot;] = {&quot;Saya&quot;},
	[&quot;saz&quot;] = {&quot;Saurashtra&quot;},
	[&quot;sba&quot;] = {&quot;Ngambay&quot;},
	[&quot;sbb&quot;] = {&quot;Simbo&quot;},
	[&quot;sbc&quot;] = {&quot;Kele (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;sbd&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Samo&quot;},
	[&quot;sbe&quot;] = {&quot;Saliba&quot;},
	[&quot;sbf&quot;] = {&quot;Chabu&quot;, &quot;Shabo&quot;},
	[&quot;sbg&quot;] = {&quot;Seget&quot;},
	[&quot;sbh&quot;] = {&quot;Sori-Harengan&quot;},
	[&quot;sbi&quot;] = {&quot;Seti&quot;},
	[&quot;sbj&quot;] = {&quot;Surbakhal&quot;},
	[&quot;sbk&quot;] = {&quot;Safwa&quot;},
	[&quot;sbl&quot;] = {&quot;Botolan Sambal&quot;},
	[&quot;sbm&quot;] = {&quot;Sagala&quot;},
	[&quot;sbn&quot;] = {&quot;Sindhi Bhil&quot;},
	[&quot;sbo&quot;] = {&quot;Sabüm&quot;},
	[&quot;sbp&quot;] = {&quot;Sangu (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;sbq&quot;] = {&quot;Sileibi&quot;},
	[&quot;sbr&quot;] = {&quot;Sembakung Murut&quot;},
	[&quot;sbs&quot;] = {&quot;Subiya&quot;},
	[&quot;sbt&quot;] = {&quot;Kimki&quot;},
	[&quot;sbu&quot;] = {&quot;Stod Bhoti&quot;},
	[&quot;sbv&quot;] = {&quot;Sabine&quot;},
	[&quot;sbw&quot;] = {&quot;Simba&quot;},
	[&quot;sbx&quot;] = {&quot;Seberuang&quot;},
	[&quot;sby&quot;] = {&quot;Soli&quot;},
	[&quot;sbz&quot;] = {&quot;Sara Kaba&quot;},
	[&quot;scb&quot;] = {&quot;Chut&quot;},
	[&quot;sce&quot;] = {&quot;Dongxiang&quot;},
	[&quot;scf&quot;] = {&quot;San Miguel Creole French&quot;},
	[&quot;scg&quot;] = {&quot;Sanggau&quot;},
	[&quot;sch&quot;] = {&quot;Sakachep&quot;},
	[&quot;sci&quot;] = {&quot;Sri Lankan Creole Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;sck&quot;] = {&quot;Sadri&quot;},
	[&quot;scl&quot;] = {&quot;Shina&quot;},
	[&quot;scn&quot;] = {&quot;Sicilian&quot;},
	[&quot;sco&quot;] = {&quot;Scots&quot;},
	[&quot;scp&quot;] = {&quot;Hyolmo&quot;, &quot;Helambu Sherpa&quot;},
	[&quot;scq&quot;] = {&quot;Sa'och&quot;},
	[&quot;scs&quot;] = {&quot;North Slavey&quot;},
	[&quot;sct&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Katang&quot;},
	[&quot;scu&quot;] = {&quot;Shumcho&quot;},
	[&quot;scv&quot;] = {&quot;Sheni&quot;},
	[&quot;scw&quot;] = {&quot;Sha&quot;},
	[&quot;scx&quot;] = {&quot;Sicel&quot;},
	[&quot;scz&quot;] = {&quot;Shaetlan&quot;},
	[&quot;sda&quot;] = {&quot;Toraja-Sa'dan&quot;},
	[&quot;sdb&quot;] = {&quot;Shabak&quot;},
	[&quot;sdc&quot;] = {&quot;Sassarese Sardinian&quot;},
	[&quot;sde&quot;] = {&quot;Surubu&quot;},
	[&quot;sdf&quot;] = {&quot;Sarli&quot;},
	[&quot;sdg&quot;] = {&quot;Savi&quot;},
	[&quot;sdh&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Kurdish&quot;},
	[&quot;sdj&quot;] = {&quot;Suundi&quot;},
	[&quot;sdk&quot;] = {&quot;Sos Kundi&quot;},
	[&quot;sdl&quot;] = {&quot;Saudi Arabian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sdn&quot;] = {&quot;Gallurese Sardinian&quot;},
	[&quot;sdo&quot;] = {&quot;Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh&quot;},
	[&quot;sdp&quot;] = {&quot;Sherdukpen&quot;},
	[&quot;sdq&quot;] = {&quot;Semandang&quot;},
	[&quot;sdr&quot;] = {&quot;Oraon Sadri&quot;},
	[&quot;sds&quot;] = {&quot;Sened&quot;},
	[&quot;sdt&quot;] = {&quot;Shuadit&quot;},
	[&quot;sdu&quot;] = {&quot;Sarudu&quot;},
	[&quot;sdv&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Sudanic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;sdx&quot;] = {&quot;Sibu Melanau&quot;},
	[&quot;sdz&quot;] = {&quot;Sallands&quot;},
	[&quot;sea&quot;] = {&quot;Semai&quot;},
	[&quot;seb&quot;] = {&quot;Shempire Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;sec&quot;] = {&quot;Sechelt&quot;, &quot;She shashishalhem&quot;},
	[&quot;sed&quot;] = {&quot;Sedang&quot;},
	[&quot;see&quot;] = {&quot;Seneca&quot;},
	[&quot;sef&quot;] = {&quot;Cebaara Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;seg&quot;] = {&quot;Segeju&quot;},
	[&quot;seh&quot;] = {&quot;Sena&quot;},
	[&quot;sei&quot;] = {&quot;Seri&quot;},
	[&quot;sej&quot;] = {&quot;Sene&quot;},
	[&quot;sek&quot;] = {&quot;Sekani&quot;},
	[&quot;sel&quot;] = {&quot;Selkup&quot;},
	[&quot;sem&quot;] = {&quot;Semitic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;sen&quot;] = {&quot;Nanerigé Sénoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;seo&quot;] = {&quot;Suarmin&quot;},
	[&quot;sep&quot;] = {&quot;Sìcìté Sénoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;seq&quot;] = {&quot;Senara Sénoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;ser&quot;] = {&quot;Serrano&quot;},
	[&quot;ses&quot;] = {&quot;Koyraboro Senni Songhai&quot;},
	[&quot;set&quot;] = {&quot;Sentani&quot;},
	[&quot;seu&quot;] = {&quot;Serui-Laut&quot;},
	[&quot;sev&quot;] = {&quot;Nyarafolo Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;sew&quot;] = {&quot;Sewa Bay&quot;},
	[&quot;sey&quot;] = {&quot;Secoya&quot;},
	[&quot;sez&quot;] = {&quot;Senthang Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;sfb&quot;] = {&quot;Langue des signes de Belgique Francophone&quot;, &quot;French Belgian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sfe&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Subanen&quot;},
	[&quot;sfm&quot;] = {&quot;Small Flowery Miao&quot;},
	[&quot;sfs&quot;] = {&quot;South African Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sfw&quot;] = {&quot;Sehwi&quot;},
	[&quot;sga&quot;] = {&quot;Old Irish (to 900)&quot;},
	[&quot;sgb&quot;] = {&quot;Mag-antsi Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;sgc&quot;] = {&quot;Kipsigis&quot;},
	[&quot;sgd&quot;] = {&quot;Surigaonon&quot;},
	[&quot;sge&quot;] = {&quot;Segai&quot;},
	[&quot;sgg&quot;] = {&quot;Swiss-German Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sgh&quot;] = {&quot;Shughni&quot;},
	[&quot;sgi&quot;] = {&quot;Suga&quot;},
	[&quot;sgj&quot;] = {&quot;Surgujia&quot;},
	[&quot;sgk&quot;] = {&quot;Sangkong&quot;},
	[&quot;sgm&quot;] = {&quot;Singa&quot;},
	[&quot;sgn&quot;] = {&quot;Sign languages&quot;},
	[&quot;sgp&quot;] = {&quot;Singpho&quot;},
	[&quot;sgr&quot;] = {&quot;Sangisari&quot;},
	[&quot;sgs&quot;] = {&quot;Samogitian&quot;},
	[&quot;sgt&quot;] = {&quot;Brokpake&quot;},
	[&quot;sgu&quot;] = {&quot;Salas&quot;},
	[&quot;sgw&quot;] = {&quot;Sebat Bet Gurage&quot;},
	[&quot;sgx&quot;] = {&quot;Sierra Leone Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sgy&quot;] = {&quot;Sanglechi&quot;},
	[&quot;sgz&quot;] = {&quot;Sursurunga&quot;},
	[&quot;sha&quot;] = {&quot;Shall-Zwall&quot;},
	[&quot;shb&quot;] = {&quot;Ninam&quot;},
	[&quot;shc&quot;] = {&quot;Sonde&quot;},
	[&quot;shd&quot;] = {&quot;Kundal Shahi&quot;},
	[&quot;she&quot;] = {&quot;Sheko&quot;},
	[&quot;shg&quot;] = {&quot;Shua&quot;},
	[&quot;shh&quot;] = {&quot;Shoshoni&quot;},
	[&quot;shi&quot;] = {&quot;Tachelhit&quot;},
	[&quot;shj&quot;] = {&quot;Shatt&quot;},
	[&quot;shk&quot;] = {&quot;Shilluk&quot;},
	[&quot;shl&quot;] = {&quot;Shendu&quot;},
	[&quot;shm&quot;] = {&quot;Shahrudi&quot;},
	[&quot;shn&quot;] = {&quot;Shan&quot;},
	[&quot;sho&quot;] = {&quot;Shanga&quot;},
	[&quot;shp&quot;] = {&quot;Shipibo-Conibo&quot;},
	[&quot;shq&quot;] = {&quot;Sala&quot;},
	[&quot;shr&quot;] = {&quot;Shi&quot;},
	[&quot;shs&quot;] = {&quot;Shuswap&quot;, &quot;Secwepemctsín&quot;},
	[&quot;sht&quot;] = {&quot;Shasta&quot;},
	[&quot;shu&quot;] = {&quot;Chadian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;shv&quot;] = {&quot;Shehri&quot;},
	[&quot;shw&quot;] = {&quot;Shwai&quot;},
	[&quot;shx&quot;] = {&quot;She&quot;},
	[&quot;shy&quot;] = {&quot;Tachawit&quot;},
	[&quot;shz&quot;] = {&quot;Syenara Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;sia&quot;] = {&quot;Akkala Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sib&quot;] = {&quot;Sebop&quot;},
	[&quot;sid&quot;] = {&quot;Sidamo&quot;},
	[&quot;sie&quot;] = {&quot;Simaa&quot;},
	[&quot;sif&quot;] = {&quot;Siamou&quot;},
	[&quot;sig&quot;] = {&quot;Paasaal&quot;},
	[&quot;sih&quot;] = {&quot;Zire&quot;, &quot;Sîshëë&quot;},
	[&quot;sii&quot;] = {&quot;Shom Peng&quot;},
	[&quot;sij&quot;] = {&quot;Numbami&quot;},
	[&quot;sik&quot;] = {&quot;Sikiana&quot;},
	[&quot;sil&quot;] = {&quot;Tumulung Sisaala&quot;},
	[&quot;sim&quot;] = {&quot;Mende (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;sio&quot;] = {&quot;Siouan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;sip&quot;] = {&quot;Sikkimese&quot;},
	[&quot;siq&quot;] = {&quot;Sonia&quot;},
	[&quot;sir&quot;] = {&quot;Siri&quot;},
	[&quot;sis&quot;] = {&quot;Siuslaw&quot;},
	[&quot;sit&quot;] = {&quot;Sino-Tibetan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;siu&quot;] = {&quot;Sinagen&quot;},
	[&quot;siv&quot;] = {&quot;Sumariup&quot;},
	[&quot;siw&quot;] = {&quot;Siwai&quot;},
	[&quot;six&quot;] = {&quot;Sumau&quot;},
	[&quot;siy&quot;] = {&quot;Sivandi&quot;},
	[&quot;siz&quot;] = {&quot;Siwi&quot;},
	[&quot;sja&quot;] = {&quot;Epena&quot;},
	[&quot;sjb&quot;] = {&quot;Sajau Basap&quot;},
	[&quot;sjc&quot;] = {&quot;Shaojiang Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;sjd&quot;] = {&quot;Kildin Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sje&quot;] = {&quot;Pite Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sjg&quot;] = {&quot;Assangori&quot;},
	[&quot;sjk&quot;] = {&quot;Kemi Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sjl&quot;] = {&quot;Sajalong&quot;, &quot;Miji&quot;},
	[&quot;sjm&quot;] = {&quot;Mapun&quot;},
	[&quot;sjn&quot;] = {&quot;Sindarin&quot;},
	[&quot;sjo&quot;] = {&quot;Xibe&quot;},
	[&quot;sjp&quot;] = {&quot;Surjapuri&quot;},
	[&quot;sjr&quot;] = {&quot;Siar-Lak&quot;},
	[&quot;sjs&quot;] = {&quot;Senhaja De Srair&quot;},
	[&quot;sjt&quot;] = {&quot;Ter Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sju&quot;] = {&quot;Ume Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;sjw&quot;] = {&quot;Shawnee&quot;},
	[&quot;ska&quot;] = {&quot;Skagit&quot;},
	[&quot;skb&quot;] = {&quot;Saek&quot;},
	[&quot;skc&quot;] = {&quot;Ma Manda&quot;},
	[&quot;skd&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Sierra Miwok&quot;},
	[&quot;ske&quot;] = {&quot;Seke (Vanuatu)&quot;},
	[&quot;skf&quot;] = {&quot;Sakirabiá&quot;},
	[&quot;skg&quot;] = {&quot;Sakalava Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;skh&quot;] = {&quot;Sikule&quot;},
	[&quot;ski&quot;] = {&quot;Sika&quot;},
	[&quot;skj&quot;] = {&quot;Seke (Nepal)&quot;},
	[&quot;skm&quot;] = {&quot;Kutong&quot;},
	[&quot;skn&quot;] = {&quot;Kolibugan Subanon&quot;},
	[&quot;sko&quot;] = {&quot;Seko Tengah&quot;},
	[&quot;skp&quot;] = {&quot;Sekapan&quot;},
	[&quot;skq&quot;] = {&quot;Sininkere&quot;},
	[&quot;skr&quot;] = {&quot;Saraiki&quot;, &quot;Seraiki&quot;},
	[&quot;sks&quot;] = {&quot;Maia&quot;},
	[&quot;skt&quot;] = {&quot;Sakata&quot;},
	[&quot;sku&quot;] = {&quot;Sakao&quot;},
	[&quot;skv&quot;] = {&quot;Skou&quot;},
	[&quot;skw&quot;] = {&quot;Skepi Creole Dutch&quot;},
	[&quot;skx&quot;] = {&quot;Seko Padang&quot;},
	[&quot;sky&quot;] = {&quot;Sikaiana&quot;},
	[&quot;skz&quot;] = {&quot;Sekar&quot;},
	[&quot;sla&quot;] = {&quot;Slavic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;slc&quot;] = {&quot;Sáliba&quot;},
	[&quot;sld&quot;] = {&quot;Sissala&quot;},
	[&quot;sle&quot;] = {&quot;Sholaga&quot;},
	[&quot;slf&quot;] = {&quot;Swiss-Italian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;slg&quot;] = {&quot;Selungai Murut&quot;},
	[&quot;slh&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Puget Sound Salish&quot;},
	[&quot;sli&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Silesian&quot;},
	[&quot;slj&quot;] = {&quot;Salumá&quot;},
	[&quot;sll&quot;] = {&quot;Salt-Yui&quot;},
	[&quot;slm&quot;] = {&quot;Pangutaran Sama&quot;},
	[&quot;sln&quot;] = {&quot;Salinan&quot;},
	[&quot;slp&quot;] = {&quot;Lamaholot&quot;},
	[&quot;slr&quot;] = {&quot;Salar&quot;},
	[&quot;sls&quot;] = {&quot;Singapore Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;slt&quot;] = {&quot;Sila&quot;},
	[&quot;slu&quot;] = {&quot;Selaru&quot;},
	[&quot;slw&quot;] = {&quot;Sialum&quot;},
	[&quot;slx&quot;] = {&quot;Salampasu&quot;},
	[&quot;sly&quot;] = {&quot;Selayar&quot;},
	[&quot;slz&quot;] = {&quot;Ma'ya&quot;},
	[&quot;sma&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;smb&quot;] = {&quot;Simbari&quot;},
	[&quot;smc&quot;] = {&quot;Som&quot;},
	[&quot;smf&quot;] = {&quot;Auwe&quot;},
	[&quot;smg&quot;] = {&quot;Simbali&quot;},
	[&quot;smh&quot;] = {&quot;Samei&quot;},
	[&quot;smi&quot;] = {&quot;Sami languages&quot;},
	[&quot;smj&quot;] = {&quot;Lule Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;smk&quot;] = {&quot;Bolinao&quot;},
	[&quot;sml&quot;] = {&quot;Central Sama&quot;},
	[&quot;smm&quot;] = {&quot;Musasa&quot;},
	[&quot;smn&quot;] = {&quot;Inari Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;smp&quot;] = {&quot;Samaritan&quot;},
	[&quot;smq&quot;] = {&quot;Samo&quot;},
	[&quot;smr&quot;] = {&quot;Simeulue&quot;},
	[&quot;sms&quot;] = {&quot;Skolt Sami&quot;},
	[&quot;smt&quot;] = {&quot;Simte&quot;},
	[&quot;smu&quot;] = {&quot;Somray&quot;},
	[&quot;smv&quot;] = {&quot;Samvedi&quot;},
	[&quot;smw&quot;] = {&quot;Sumbawa&quot;},
	[&quot;smx&quot;] = {&quot;Samba&quot;},
	[&quot;smy&quot;] = {&quot;Semnani&quot;},
	[&quot;smz&quot;] = {&quot;Simeku&quot;},
	[&quot;snc&quot;] = {&quot;Sinaugoro&quot;},
	[&quot;sne&quot;] = {&quot;Bau Bidayuh&quot;},
	[&quot;snf&quot;] = {&quot;Noon&quot;},
	[&quot;sng&quot;] = {&quot;Sanga (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;sni&quot;] = {&quot;Sensi&quot;},
	[&quot;snj&quot;] = {&quot;Riverain Sango&quot;},
	[&quot;snk&quot;] = {&quot;Soninke&quot;},
	[&quot;snl&quot;] = {&quot;Sangil&quot;},
	[&quot;snm&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Ma'di&quot;},
	[&quot;snn&quot;] = {&quot;Siona&quot;},
	[&quot;sno&quot;] = {&quot;Snohomish&quot;},
	[&quot;snp&quot;] = {&quot;Siane&quot;},
	[&quot;snq&quot;] = {&quot;Sangu (Gabon)&quot;},
	[&quot;snr&quot;] = {&quot;Sihan&quot;},
	[&quot;sns&quot;] = {&quot;South West Bay&quot;, &quot;Nahavaq&quot;},
	[&quot;snu&quot;] = {&quot;Senggi&quot;, &quot;Viid&quot;},
	[&quot;snv&quot;] = {&quot;Sa'ban&quot;},
	[&quot;snw&quot;] = {&quot;Selee&quot;},
	[&quot;snx&quot;] = {&quot;Sam&quot;},
	[&quot;sny&quot;] = {&quot;Saniyo-Hiyewe&quot;},
	[&quot;snz&quot;] = {&quot;Kou&quot;},
	[&quot;soa&quot;] = {&quot;Thai Song&quot;},
	[&quot;sob&quot;] = {&quot;Sobei&quot;},
	[&quot;soc&quot;] = {&quot;So (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;sod&quot;] = {&quot;Songoora&quot;},
	[&quot;soe&quot;] = {&quot;Songomeno&quot;},
	[&quot;sog&quot;] = {&quot;Sogdian&quot;},
	[&quot;soh&quot;] = {&quot;Aka&quot;},
	[&quot;soi&quot;] = {&quot;Sonha&quot;},
	[&quot;soj&quot;] = {&quot;Soi&quot;},
	[&quot;sok&quot;] = {&quot;Sokoro&quot;},
	[&quot;sol&quot;] = {&quot;Solos&quot;},
	[&quot;son&quot;] = {&quot;Songhai languages&quot;},
	[&quot;soo&quot;] = {&quot;Songo&quot;},
	[&quot;sop&quot;] = {&quot;Songe&quot;},
	[&quot;soq&quot;] = {&quot;Kanasi&quot;},
	[&quot;sor&quot;] = {&quot;Somrai&quot;},
	[&quot;sos&quot;] = {&quot;Seeku&quot;},
	[&quot;sou&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Thai&quot;},
	[&quot;sov&quot;] = {&quot;Sonsorol&quot;},
	[&quot;sow&quot;] = {&quot;Sowanda&quot;},
	[&quot;sox&quot;] = {&quot;Swo&quot;},
	[&quot;soy&quot;] = {&quot;Miyobe&quot;},
	[&quot;soz&quot;] = {&quot;Temi&quot;},
	[&quot;spb&quot;] = {&quot;Sepa (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;spc&quot;] = {&quot;Sapé&quot;},
	[&quot;spd&quot;] = {&quot;Saep&quot;},
	[&quot;spe&quot;] = {&quot;Sepa (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;spg&quot;] = {&quot;Sian&quot;},
	[&quot;spi&quot;] = {&quot;Saponi&quot;},
	[&quot;spk&quot;] = {&quot;Sengo&quot;},
	[&quot;spl&quot;] = {&quot;Selepet&quot;},
	[&quot;spm&quot;] = {&quot;Akukem&quot;},
	[&quot;spn&quot;] = {&quot;Sanapaná&quot;},
	[&quot;spo&quot;] = {&quot;Spokane&quot;},
	[&quot;spp&quot;] = {&quot;Supyire Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;spq&quot;] = {&quot;Loreto-Ucayali Spanish&quot;},
	[&quot;spr&quot;] = {&quot;Saparua&quot;},
	[&quot;sps&quot;] = {&quot;Saposa&quot;},
	[&quot;spt&quot;] = {&quot;Spiti Bhoti&quot;},
	[&quot;spu&quot;] = {&quot;Sapuan&quot;},
	[&quot;spv&quot;] = {&quot;Sambalpuri&quot;, &quot;Kosli&quot;},
	[&quot;spx&quot;] = {&quot;South Picene&quot;},
	[&quot;spy&quot;] = {&quot;Sabaot&quot;},
	[&quot;sqa&quot;] = {&quot;Shama-Sambuga&quot;},
	[&quot;sqh&quot;] = {&quot;Shau&quot;},
	[&quot;sqj&quot;] = {&quot;Albanian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;sqk&quot;] = {&quot;Albanian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sqm&quot;] = {&quot;Suma&quot;},
	[&quot;sqn&quot;] = {&quot;Susquehannock&quot;},
	[&quot;sqo&quot;] = {&quot;Sorkhei&quot;},
	[&quot;sqq&quot;] = {&quot;Sou&quot;},
	[&quot;sqr&quot;] = {&quot;Siculo Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;sqs&quot;] = {&quot;Sri Lankan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sqt&quot;] = {&quot;Soqotri&quot;},
	[&quot;squ&quot;] = {&quot;Squamish&quot;, &quot;Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim&quot;},
	[&quot;sqx&quot;] = {&quot;Kufr Qassem Sign Language (KQSL)&quot;},
	[&quot;sra&quot;] = {&quot;Saruga&quot;},
	[&quot;srb&quot;] = {&quot;Sora&quot;},
	[&quot;src&quot;] = {&quot;Logudorese Sardinian&quot;},
	[&quot;sre&quot;] = {&quot;Sara&quot;},
	[&quot;srf&quot;] = {&quot;Nafi&quot;},
	[&quot;srg&quot;] = {&quot;Sulod&quot;},
	[&quot;srh&quot;] = {&quot;Sarikoli&quot;},
	[&quot;sri&quot;] = {&quot;Siriano&quot;},
	[&quot;srk&quot;] = {&quot;Serudung Murut&quot;},
	[&quot;srl&quot;] = {&quot;Isirawa&quot;},
	[&quot;srm&quot;] = {&quot;Saramaccan&quot;},
	[&quot;srn&quot;] = {&quot;Sranan Tongo&quot;},
	[&quot;sro&quot;] = {&quot;Campidanese Sardinian&quot;},
	[&quot;srq&quot;] = {&quot;Sirionó&quot;},
	[&quot;srr&quot;] = {&quot;Serer&quot;},
	[&quot;srs&quot;] = {&quot;Sarsi&quot;},
	[&quot;srt&quot;] = {&quot;Sauri&quot;},
	[&quot;sru&quot;] = {&quot;Suruí&quot;},
	[&quot;srv&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Sorsoganon&quot;},
	[&quot;srw&quot;] = {&quot;Serua&quot;},
	[&quot;srx&quot;] = {&quot;Sirmauri&quot;},
	[&quot;sry&quot;] = {&quot;Sera&quot;},
	[&quot;srz&quot;] = {&quot;Shahmirzadi&quot;},
	[&quot;ssa&quot;] = {&quot;Nilo-Saharan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ssb&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Sama&quot;},
	[&quot;ssc&quot;] = {&quot;Suba-Simbiti&quot;},
	[&quot;ssd&quot;] = {&quot;Siroi&quot;},
	[&quot;sse&quot;] = {&quot;Balangingi&quot;, &quot;Bangingih Sama&quot;},
	[&quot;ssf&quot;] = {&quot;Thao&quot;},
	[&quot;ssg&quot;] = {&quot;Seimat&quot;},
	[&quot;ssh&quot;] = {&quot;Shihhi Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ssi&quot;] = {&quot;Sansi&quot;},
	[&quot;ssj&quot;] = {&quot;Sausi&quot;},
	[&quot;ssk&quot;] = {&quot;Sunam&quot;},
	[&quot;ssl&quot;] = {&quot;Western Sisaala&quot;},
	[&quot;ssm&quot;] = {&quot;Semnam&quot;},
	[&quot;ssn&quot;] = {&quot;Waata&quot;},
	[&quot;sso&quot;] = {&quot;Sissano&quot;},
	[&quot;ssp&quot;] = {&quot;Spanish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ssq&quot;] = {&quot;So'a&quot;},
	[&quot;ssr&quot;] = {&quot;Swiss-French Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sss&quot;] = {&quot;Sô&quot;},
	[&quot;sst&quot;] = {&quot;Sinasina&quot;},
	[&quot;ssu&quot;] = {&quot;Susuami&quot;},
	[&quot;ssv&quot;] = {&quot;Shark Bay&quot;},
	[&quot;ssx&quot;] = {&quot;Samberigi&quot;},
	[&quot;ssy&quot;] = {&quot;Saho&quot;},
	[&quot;ssz&quot;] = {&quot;Sengseng&quot;},
	[&quot;sta&quot;] = {&quot;Settla&quot;},
	[&quot;stb&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Subanen&quot;},
	[&quot;std&quot;] = {&quot;Sentinel&quot;},
	[&quot;ste&quot;] = {&quot;Liana-Seti&quot;},
	[&quot;stf&quot;] = {&quot;Seta&quot;},
	[&quot;stg&quot;] = {&quot;Trieng&quot;},
	[&quot;sth&quot;] = {&quot;Shelta&quot;},
	[&quot;sti&quot;] = {&quot;Bulo Stieng&quot;},
	[&quot;stj&quot;] = {&quot;Matya Samo&quot;},
	[&quot;stk&quot;] = {&quot;Arammba&quot;},
	[&quot;stl&quot;] = {&quot;Stellingwerfs&quot;},
	[&quot;stm&quot;] = {&quot;Setaman&quot;},
	[&quot;stn&quot;] = {&quot;Owa&quot;},
	[&quot;sto&quot;] = {&quot;Stoney&quot;},
	[&quot;stp&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Tepehuan&quot;},
	[&quot;stq&quot;] = {&quot;Saterfriesisch&quot;},
	[&quot;str&quot;] = {&quot;Straits Salish&quot;},
	[&quot;sts&quot;] = {&quot;Shumashti&quot;},
	[&quot;stt&quot;] = {&quot;Budeh Stieng&quot;},
	[&quot;stu&quot;] = {&quot;Samtao&quot;},
	[&quot;stv&quot;] = {&quot;Silt'e&quot;},
	[&quot;stw&quot;] = {&quot;Satawalese&quot;},
	[&quot;sty&quot;] = {&quot;Siberian Tatar&quot;},
	[&quot;sua&quot;] = {&quot;Sulka&quot;},
	[&quot;sub&quot;] = {&quot;Suku&quot;},
	[&quot;suc&quot;] = {&quot;Western Subanon&quot;},
	[&quot;sue&quot;] = {&quot;Suena&quot;},
	[&quot;sug&quot;] = {&quot;Suganga&quot;},
	[&quot;sui&quot;] = {&quot;Suki&quot;},
	[&quot;suj&quot;] = {&quot;Shubi&quot;},
	[&quot;suk&quot;] = {&quot;Sukuma&quot;},
	[&quot;suo&quot;] = {&quot;Bouni&quot;},
	[&quot;suq&quot;] = {&quot;Tirmaga-Chai Suri&quot;, &quot;Suri&quot;},
	[&quot;sur&quot;] = {&quot;Mwaghavul&quot;},
	[&quot;sus&quot;] = {&quot;Susu&quot;},
	[&quot;sut&quot;] = {&quot;Subtiaba&quot;},
	[&quot;suv&quot;] = {&quot;Puroik&quot;},
	[&quot;suw&quot;] = {&quot;Sumbwa&quot;},
	[&quot;sux&quot;] = {&quot;Sumerian&quot;},
	[&quot;suy&quot;] = {&quot;Suyá&quot;},
	[&quot;suz&quot;] = {&quot;Sunwar&quot;},
	[&quot;sva&quot;] = {&quot;Svan&quot;},
	[&quot;svb&quot;] = {&quot;Ulau-Suain&quot;},
	[&quot;svc&quot;] = {&quot;Vincentian Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;sve&quot;] = {&quot;Serili&quot;},
	[&quot;svk&quot;] = {&quot;Slovakian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;svm&quot;] = {&quot;Slavomolisano&quot;},
	[&quot;svs&quot;] = {&quot;Savosavo&quot;},
	[&quot;svx&quot;] = {&quot;Skalvian&quot;},
	[&quot;swb&quot;] = {&quot;Maore Comorian&quot;},
	[&quot;swc&quot;] = {&quot;Congo Swahili&quot;},
	[&quot;swf&quot;] = {&quot;Sere&quot;},
	[&quot;swg&quot;] = {&quot;Swabian&quot;},
	[&quot;swh&quot;] = {&quot;Swahili (individual language)&quot;, &quot;Kiswahili&quot;},
	[&quot;swi&quot;] = {&quot;Sui&quot;},
	[&quot;swj&quot;] = {&quot;Sira&quot;},
	[&quot;swk&quot;] = {&quot;Malawi Sena&quot;},
	[&quot;swl&quot;] = {&quot;Swedish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;swm&quot;] = {&quot;Samosa&quot;},
	[&quot;swn&quot;] = {&quot;Sawknah&quot;},
	[&quot;swo&quot;] = {&quot;Shanenawa&quot;},
	[&quot;swp&quot;] = {&quot;Suau&quot;},
	[&quot;swq&quot;] = {&quot;Sharwa&quot;},
	[&quot;swr&quot;] = {&quot;Saweru&quot;},
	[&quot;sws&quot;] = {&quot;Seluwasan&quot;},
	[&quot;swt&quot;] = {&quot;Sawila&quot;},
	[&quot;swu&quot;] = {&quot;Suwawa&quot;},
	[&quot;swv&quot;] = {&quot;Shekhawati&quot;},
	[&quot;sww&quot;] = {&quot;Sowa&quot;},
	[&quot;swx&quot;] = {&quot;Suruahá&quot;},
	[&quot;swy&quot;] = {&quot;Sarua&quot;},
	[&quot;sxb&quot;] = {&quot;Suba&quot;},
	[&quot;sxc&quot;] = {&quot;Sicanian&quot;},
	[&quot;sxe&quot;] = {&quot;Sighu&quot;},
	[&quot;sxg&quot;] = {&quot;Shuhi&quot;, &quot;Shixing&quot;},
	[&quot;sxk&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Kalapuya&quot;},
	[&quot;sxl&quot;] = {&quot;Selian&quot;},
	[&quot;sxm&quot;] = {&quot;Samre&quot;},
	[&quot;sxn&quot;] = {&quot;Sangir&quot;},
	[&quot;sxo&quot;] = {&quot;Sorothaptic&quot;},
	[&quot;sxr&quot;] = {&quot;Saaroa&quot;},
	[&quot;sxs&quot;] = {&quot;Sasaru&quot;},
	[&quot;sxu&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Saxon&quot;},
	[&quot;sxw&quot;] = {&quot;Saxwe Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;sya&quot;] = {&quot;Siang&quot;},
	[&quot;syb&quot;] = {&quot;Central Subanen&quot;},
	[&quot;syc&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Syriac&quot;},
	[&quot;syd&quot;] = {&quot;Samoyedic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;syi&quot;] = {&quot;Seki&quot;},
	[&quot;syk&quot;] = {&quot;Sukur&quot;},
	[&quot;syl&quot;] = {&quot;Sylheti&quot;},
	[&quot;sym&quot;] = {&quot;Maya Samo&quot;},
	[&quot;syn&quot;] = {&quot;Senaya&quot;},
	[&quot;syo&quot;] = {&quot;Suoy&quot;},
	[&quot;syr&quot;] = {&quot;Syriac&quot;},
	[&quot;sys&quot;] = {&quot;Sinyar&quot;},
	[&quot;syw&quot;] = {&quot;Kagate&quot;},
	[&quot;syx&quot;] = {&quot;Samay&quot;},
	[&quot;syy&quot;] = {&quot;Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sza&quot;] = {&quot;Semelai&quot;},
	[&quot;szb&quot;] = {&quot;Ngalum&quot;},
	[&quot;szc&quot;] = {&quot;Semaq Beri&quot;},
	[&quot;sze&quot;] = {&quot;Seze&quot;},
	[&quot;szg&quot;] = {&quot;Sengele&quot;},
	[&quot;szl&quot;] = {&quot;Silesian&quot;},
	[&quot;szn&quot;] = {&quot;Sula&quot;},
	[&quot;szp&quot;] = {&quot;Suabo&quot;},
	[&quot;szs&quot;] = {&quot;Solomon Islands Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;szv&quot;] = {&quot;Isu (Fako Division)&quot;},
	[&quot;szw&quot;] = {&quot;Sawai&quot;},
	[&quot;szy&quot;] = {&quot;Sakizaya&quot;},
	[&quot;taa&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Tanana&quot;},
	[&quot;tab&quot;] = {&quot;Tabassaran&quot;},
	[&quot;tac&quot;] = {&quot;Lowland Tarahumara&quot;},
	[&quot;tad&quot;] = {&quot;Tause&quot;},
	[&quot;tae&quot;] = {&quot;Tariana&quot;},
	[&quot;taf&quot;] = {&quot;Tapirapé&quot;},
	[&quot;tag&quot;] = {&quot;Tagoi&quot;},
	[&quot;tai&quot;] = {&quot;Tai languages&quot;},
	[&quot;taj&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Tamang&quot;},
	[&quot;tak&quot;] = {&quot;Tala&quot;},
	[&quot;tal&quot;] = {&quot;Tal&quot;},
	[&quot;tan&quot;] = {&quot;Tangale&quot;},
	[&quot;tao&quot;] = {&quot;Yami&quot;},
	[&quot;tap&quot;] = {&quot;Taabwa&quot;},
	[&quot;taq&quot;] = {&quot;Tamasheq&quot;},
	[&quot;tar&quot;] = {&quot;Central Tarahumara&quot;},
	[&quot;tas&quot;] = {&quot;Tay Boi&quot;},
	[&quot;tau&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Tanana&quot;},
	[&quot;tav&quot;] = {&quot;Tatuyo&quot;},
	[&quot;taw&quot;] = {&quot;Tai&quot;},
	[&quot;tax&quot;] = {&quot;Tamki&quot;},
	[&quot;tay&quot;] = {&quot;Atayal&quot;},
	[&quot;taz&quot;] = {&quot;Tocho&quot;},
	[&quot;tba&quot;] = {&quot;Aikanã&quot;},
	[&quot;tbc&quot;] = {&quot;Takia&quot;},
	[&quot;tbd&quot;] = {&quot;Kaki Ae&quot;},
	[&quot;tbe&quot;] = {&quot;Tanimbili&quot;},
	[&quot;tbf&quot;] = {&quot;Mandara&quot;},
	[&quot;tbg&quot;] = {&quot;North Tairora&quot;},
	[&quot;tbh&quot;] = {&quot;Dharawal&quot;, &quot;Thurawal&quot;},
	[&quot;tbi&quot;] = {&quot;Gaam&quot;},
	[&quot;tbj&quot;] = {&quot;Tiang&quot;},
	[&quot;tbk&quot;] = {&quot;Calamian Tagbanwa&quot;},
	[&quot;tbl&quot;] = {&quot;Tboli&quot;},
	[&quot;tbm&quot;] = {&quot;Tagbu&quot;},
	[&quot;tbn&quot;] = {&quot;Barro Negro Tunebo&quot;},
	[&quot;tbo&quot;] = {&quot;Tawala&quot;},
	[&quot;tbp&quot;] = {&quot;Taworta&quot;, &quot;Diebroud&quot;},
	[&quot;tbq&quot;] = {&quot;Tibeto-Burman languages&quot;},
	[&quot;tbr&quot;] = {&quot;Tumtum&quot;},
	[&quot;tbs&quot;] = {&quot;Tanguat&quot;},
	[&quot;tbt&quot;] = {&quot;Tembo (Kitembo)&quot;},
	[&quot;tbu&quot;] = {&quot;Tubar&quot;},
	[&quot;tbv&quot;] = {&quot;Tobo&quot;},
	[&quot;tbw&quot;] = {&quot;Tagbanwa&quot;},
	[&quot;tbx&quot;] = {&quot;Kapin&quot;},
	[&quot;tby&quot;] = {&quot;Tabaru&quot;},
	[&quot;tbz&quot;] = {&quot;Ditammari&quot;},
	[&quot;tca&quot;] = {&quot;Ticuna&quot;},
	[&quot;tcb&quot;] = {&quot;Tanacross&quot;},
	[&quot;tcc&quot;] = {&quot;Datooga&quot;},
	[&quot;tcd&quot;] = {&quot;Tafi&quot;},
	[&quot;tce&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Tutchone&quot;},
	[&quot;tcf&quot;] = {&quot;Malinaltepec Me'phaa&quot;, &quot;Malinaltepec Tlapanec&quot;},
	[&quot;tcg&quot;] = {&quot;Tamagario&quot;},
	[&quot;tch&quot;] = {&quot;Turks And Caicos Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;tci&quot;] = {&quot;Wára&quot;},
	[&quot;tck&quot;] = {&quot;Tchitchege&quot;},
	[&quot;tcl&quot;] = {&quot;Taman (Myanmar)&quot;},
	[&quot;tcm&quot;] = {&quot;Tanahmerah&quot;},
	[&quot;tcn&quot;] = {&quot;Tichurong&quot;},
	[&quot;tco&quot;] = {&quot;Taungyo&quot;},
	[&quot;tcp&quot;] = {&quot;Tawr Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;tcq&quot;] = {&quot;Kaiy&quot;},
	[&quot;tcs&quot;] = {&quot;Torres Strait Creole&quot;, &quot;Yumplatok&quot;},
	[&quot;tct&quot;] = {&quot;T'en&quot;},
	[&quot;tcu&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Tarahumara&quot;},
	[&quot;tcw&quot;] = {&quot;Tecpatlán Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tcx&quot;] = {&quot;Toda&quot;},
	[&quot;tcy&quot;] = {&quot;Tulu&quot;},
	[&quot;tcz&quot;] = {&quot;Thado Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;tda&quot;] = {&quot;Tagdal&quot;},
	[&quot;tdb&quot;] = {&quot;Panchpargania&quot;},
	[&quot;tdc&quot;] = {&quot;Emberá-Tadó&quot;},
	[&quot;tdd&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Nüa&quot;},
	[&quot;tde&quot;] = {&quot;Tiranige Diga Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;tdf&quot;] = {&quot;Talieng&quot;},
	[&quot;tdg&quot;] = {&quot;Western Tamang&quot;},
	[&quot;tdh&quot;] = {&quot;Thulung&quot;},
	[&quot;tdi&quot;] = {&quot;Tomadino&quot;},
	[&quot;tdj&quot;] = {&quot;Tajio&quot;},
	[&quot;tdk&quot;] = {&quot;Tambas&quot;},
	[&quot;tdl&quot;] = {&quot;Sur&quot;},
	[&quot;tdm&quot;] = {&quot;Taruma&quot;},
	[&quot;tdn&quot;] = {&quot;Tondano&quot;},
	[&quot;tdo&quot;] = {&quot;Teme&quot;},
	[&quot;tdq&quot;] = {&quot;Tita&quot;},
	[&quot;tdr&quot;] = {&quot;Todrah&quot;},
	[&quot;tds&quot;] = {&quot;Doutai&quot;},
	[&quot;tdt&quot;] = {&quot;Tetun Dili&quot;},
	[&quot;tdv&quot;] = {&quot;Toro&quot;},
	[&quot;tdx&quot;] = {&quot;Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;tdy&quot;] = {&quot;Tadyawan&quot;},
	[&quot;tea&quot;] = {&quot;Temiar&quot;},
	[&quot;teb&quot;] = {&quot;Tetete&quot;},
	[&quot;tec&quot;] = {&quot;Terik&quot;},
	[&quot;ted&quot;] = {&quot;Tepo Krumen&quot;},
	[&quot;tee&quot;] = {&quot;Huehuetla Tepehua&quot;},
	[&quot;tef&quot;] = {&quot;Teressa&quot;},
	[&quot;teg&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Tege&quot;},
	[&quot;teh&quot;] = {&quot;Tehuelche&quot;},
	[&quot;tei&quot;] = {&quot;Torricelli&quot;},
	[&quot;tek&quot;] = {&quot;Ibali Teke&quot;},
	[&quot;tem&quot;] = {&quot;Timne&quot;},
	[&quot;ten&quot;] = {&quot;Tama (Colombia)&quot;},
	[&quot;teo&quot;] = {&quot;Teso&quot;},
	[&quot;tep&quot;] = {&quot;Tepecano&quot;},
	[&quot;teq&quot;] = {&quot;Temein&quot;},
	[&quot;ter&quot;] = {&quot;Tereno&quot;},
	[&quot;tes&quot;] = {&quot;Tengger&quot;},
	[&quot;tet&quot;] = {&quot;Tetum&quot;},
	[&quot;teu&quot;] = {&quot;Soo&quot;},
	[&quot;tev&quot;] = {&quot;Teor&quot;},
	[&quot;tew&quot;] = {&quot;Tewa (USA)&quot;},
	[&quot;tex&quot;] = {&quot;Tennet&quot;},
	[&quot;tey&quot;] = {&quot;Tulishi&quot;},
	[&quot;tez&quot;] = {&quot;Tetserret&quot;},
	[&quot;tfi&quot;] = {&quot;Tofin Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;tfn&quot;] = {&quot;Tanaina&quot;},
	[&quot;tfo&quot;] = {&quot;Tefaro&quot;},
	[&quot;tfr&quot;] = {&quot;Teribe&quot;},
	[&quot;tft&quot;] = {&quot;Ternate&quot;},
	[&quot;tga&quot;] = {&quot;Sagalla&quot;},
	[&quot;tgb&quot;] = {&quot;Tobilung&quot;},
	[&quot;tgc&quot;] = {&quot;Tigak&quot;},
	[&quot;tgd&quot;] = {&quot;Ciwogai&quot;},
	[&quot;tge&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Gorkha Tamang&quot;},
	[&quot;tgf&quot;] = {&quot;Chalikha&quot;},
	[&quot;tgh&quot;] = {&quot;Tobagonian Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;tgi&quot;] = {&quot;Lawunuia&quot;},
	[&quot;tgj&quot;] = {&quot;Tagin&quot;},
	[&quot;tgn&quot;] = {&quot;Tandaganon&quot;},
	[&quot;tgo&quot;] = {&quot;Sudest&quot;},
	[&quot;tgp&quot;] = {&quot;Tangoa&quot;},
	[&quot;tgq&quot;] = {&quot;Tring&quot;},
	[&quot;tgr&quot;] = {&quot;Tareng&quot;},
	[&quot;tgs&quot;] = {&quot;Nume&quot;},
	[&quot;tgt&quot;] = {&quot;Central Tagbanwa&quot;},
	[&quot;tgu&quot;] = {&quot;Tanggu&quot;},
	[&quot;tgv&quot;] = {&quot;Tingui-Boto&quot;},
	[&quot;tgw&quot;] = {&quot;Tagwana Senoufo&quot;},
	[&quot;tgx&quot;] = {&quot;Tagish&quot;},
	[&quot;tgy&quot;] = {&quot;Togoyo&quot;},
	[&quot;tgz&quot;] = {&quot;Tagalaka&quot;},
	[&quot;thd&quot;] = {&quot;Kuuk Thaayorre&quot;, &quot;Thayore&quot;},
	[&quot;the&quot;] = {&quot;Chitwania Tharu&quot;},
	[&quot;thf&quot;] = {&quot;Thangmi&quot;},
	[&quot;thh&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tarahumara&quot;},
	[&quot;thi&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Long&quot;},
	[&quot;thk&quot;] = {&quot;Tharaka&quot;, &quot;Kitharaka&quot;},
	[&quot;thl&quot;] = {&quot;Dangaura Tharu&quot;},
	[&quot;thm&quot;] = {&quot;Aheu&quot;},
	[&quot;thn&quot;] = {&quot;Thachanadan&quot;},
	[&quot;thp&quot;] = {&quot;Thompson&quot;, &quot;Nłeʔkepmxcín&quot;, &quot;Thompson River Salish&quot;},
	[&quot;thq&quot;] = {&quot;Kochila Tharu&quot;},
	[&quot;thr&quot;] = {&quot;Rana Tharu&quot;},
	[&quot;ths&quot;] = {&quot;Thakali&quot;},
	[&quot;tht&quot;] = {&quot;Tahltan&quot;, &quot;Tāłtān&quot;},
	[&quot;thu&quot;] = {&quot;Thuri&quot;},
	[&quot;thv&quot;] = {&quot;Tahaggart Tamahaq&quot;},
	[&quot;thy&quot;] = {&quot;Tha&quot;},
	[&quot;thz&quot;] = {&quot;Tayart Tamajeq&quot;},
	[&quot;tia&quot;] = {&quot;Tidikelt Tamazight&quot;},
	[&quot;tic&quot;] = {&quot;Tira&quot;},
	[&quot;tif&quot;] = {&quot;Tifal&quot;},
	[&quot;tig&quot;] = {&quot;Tigre&quot;},
	[&quot;tih&quot;] = {&quot;Timugon Murut&quot;},
	[&quot;tii&quot;] = {&quot;Tiene&quot;},
	[&quot;tij&quot;] = {&quot;Tilung&quot;},
	[&quot;tik&quot;] = {&quot;Tikar&quot;},
	[&quot;til&quot;] = {&quot;Tillamook&quot;},
	[&quot;tim&quot;] = {&quot;Timbe&quot;},
	[&quot;tin&quot;] = {&quot;Tindi&quot;},
	[&quot;tio&quot;] = {&quot;Teop&quot;},
	[&quot;tip&quot;] = {&quot;Trimuris&quot;},
	[&quot;tiq&quot;] = {&quot;Tiéfo&quot;},
	[&quot;tis&quot;] = {&quot;Masadiit Itneg&quot;},
	[&quot;tit&quot;] = {&quot;Tinigua&quot;},
	[&quot;tiu&quot;] = {&quot;Adasen&quot;},
	[&quot;tiv&quot;] = {&quot;Tiv&quot;},
	[&quot;tiw&quot;] = {&quot;Tiwi&quot;},
	[&quot;tix&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Tiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;tiy&quot;] = {&quot;Tiruray&quot;},
	[&quot;tiz&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Hongjin&quot;},
	[&quot;tja&quot;] = {&quot;Tajuasohn&quot;},
	[&quot;tjg&quot;] = {&quot;Tunjung&quot;},
	[&quot;tji&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tujia&quot;},
	[&quot;tjj&quot;] = {&quot;Tjungundji&quot;},
	[&quot;tjl&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Laing&quot;},
	[&quot;tjm&quot;] = {&quot;Timucua&quot;},
	[&quot;tjn&quot;] = {&quot;Tonjon&quot;},
	[&quot;tjo&quot;] = {&quot;Temacine Tamazight&quot;},
	[&quot;tjp&quot;] = {&quot;Tjupany&quot;},
	[&quot;tjs&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Tujia&quot;},
	[&quot;tju&quot;] = {&quot;Tjurruru&quot;},
	[&quot;tjw&quot;] = {&quot;Djabwurrung&quot;},
	[&quot;tka&quot;] = {&quot;Truká&quot;},
	[&quot;tkb&quot;] = {&quot;Buksa&quot;},
	[&quot;tkd&quot;] = {&quot;Tukudede&quot;},
	[&quot;tke&quot;] = {&quot;Takwane&quot;},
	[&quot;tkf&quot;] = {&quot;Tukumanféd&quot;},
	[&quot;tkg&quot;] = {&quot;Tesaka Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;tkl&quot;] = {&quot;Tokelau&quot;},
	[&quot;tkm&quot;] = {&quot;Takelma&quot;},
	[&quot;tkn&quot;] = {&quot;Toku-No-Shima&quot;},
	[&quot;tkp&quot;] = {&quot;Tikopia&quot;},
	[&quot;tkq&quot;] = {&quot;Tee&quot;},
	[&quot;tkr&quot;] = {&quot;Tsakhur&quot;},
	[&quot;tks&quot;] = {&quot;Takestani&quot;},
	[&quot;tkt&quot;] = {&quot;Kathoriya Tharu&quot;},
	[&quot;tku&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Necaxa Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tkv&quot;] = {&quot;Mur Pano&quot;},
	[&quot;tkw&quot;] = {&quot;Teanu&quot;},
	[&quot;tkx&quot;] = {&quot;Tangko&quot;},
	[&quot;tkz&quot;] = {&quot;Takua&quot;},
	[&quot;tla&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Tepehuan&quot;},
	[&quot;tlb&quot;] = {&quot;Tobelo&quot;},
	[&quot;tlc&quot;] = {&quot;Yecuatla Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tld&quot;] = {&quot;Talaud&quot;},
	[&quot;tlf&quot;] = {&quot;Telefol&quot;},
	[&quot;tlg&quot;] = {&quot;Tofanma&quot;},
	[&quot;tlh&quot;] = {&quot;Klingon&quot;, &quot;tlhIngan Hol&quot;},
	[&quot;tli&quot;] = {&quot;Tlingit&quot;},
	[&quot;tlj&quot;] = {&quot;Talinga-Bwisi&quot;},
	[&quot;tlk&quot;] = {&quot;Taloki&quot;},
	[&quot;tll&quot;] = {&quot;Tetela&quot;},
	[&quot;tlm&quot;] = {&quot;Tolomako&quot;},
	[&quot;tln&quot;] = {&quot;Talondo'&quot;},
	[&quot;tlo&quot;] = {&quot;Talodi&quot;},
	[&quot;tlp&quot;] = {&quot;Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tlq&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Loi&quot;},
	[&quot;tlr&quot;] = {&quot;Talise&quot;},
	[&quot;tls&quot;] = {&quot;Tambotalo&quot;},
	[&quot;tlt&quot;] = {&quot;Sou Nama&quot;, &quot;Teluti&quot;},
	[&quot;tlu&quot;] = {&quot;Tulehu&quot;},
	[&quot;tlv&quot;] = {&quot;Taliabu&quot;},
	[&quot;tlx&quot;] = {&quot;Khehek&quot;},
	[&quot;tly&quot;] = {&quot;Talysh&quot;},
	[&quot;tma&quot;] = {&quot;Tama (Chad)&quot;},
	[&quot;tmb&quot;] = {&quot;Katbol&quot;, &quot;Avava&quot;},
	[&quot;tmc&quot;] = {&quot;Tumak&quot;},
	[&quot;tmd&quot;] = {&quot;Haruai&quot;},
	[&quot;tme&quot;] = {&quot;Tremembé&quot;},
	[&quot;tmf&quot;] = {&quot;Toba-Maskoy&quot;},
	[&quot;tmg&quot;] = {&quot;Ternateño&quot;},
	[&quot;tmh&quot;] = {&quot;Tamashek&quot;},
	[&quot;tmi&quot;] = {&quot;Tutuba&quot;},
	[&quot;tmj&quot;] = {&quot;Samarokena&quot;},
	[&quot;tml&quot;] = {&quot;Tamnim Citak&quot;},
	[&quot;tmm&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Thanh&quot;},
	[&quot;tmn&quot;] = {&quot;Taman (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;tmo&quot;] = {&quot;Temoq&quot;},
	[&quot;tmq&quot;] = {&quot;Tumleo&quot;},
	[&quot;tmr&quot;] = {&quot;Jewish Babylonian Aramaic (ca. 200-1200 CE)&quot;},
	[&quot;tms&quot;] = {&quot;Tima&quot;},
	[&quot;tmt&quot;] = {&quot;Tasmate&quot;},
	[&quot;tmu&quot;] = {&quot;Iau&quot;},
	[&quot;tmv&quot;] = {&quot;Tembo (Motembo)&quot;},
	[&quot;tmw&quot;] = {&quot;Temuan&quot;},
	[&quot;tmy&quot;] = {&quot;Tami&quot;},
	[&quot;tmz&quot;] = {&quot;Tamanaku&quot;},
	[&quot;tna&quot;] = {&quot;Tacana&quot;},
	[&quot;tnb&quot;] = {&quot;Western Tunebo&quot;},
	[&quot;tnc&quot;] = {&quot;Tanimuca-Retuarã&quot;},
	[&quot;tnd&quot;] = {&quot;Angosturas Tunebo&quot;},
	[&quot;tng&quot;] = {&quot;Tobanga&quot;},
	[&quot;tnh&quot;] = {&quot;Maiani&quot;},
	[&quot;tni&quot;] = {&quot;Tandia&quot;},
	[&quot;tnk&quot;] = {&quot;Kwamera&quot;},
	[&quot;tnl&quot;] = {&quot;Lenakel&quot;},
	[&quot;tnm&quot;] = {&quot;Tabla&quot;},
	[&quot;tnn&quot;] = {&quot;North Tanna&quot;},
	[&quot;tno&quot;] = {&quot;Toromono&quot;},
	[&quot;tnp&quot;] = {&quot;Whitesands&quot;},
	[&quot;tnq&quot;] = {&quot;Taino&quot;},
	[&quot;tnr&quot;] = {&quot;Ménik&quot;},
	[&quot;tns&quot;] = {&quot;Tenis&quot;},
	[&quot;tnt&quot;] = {&quot;Tontemboan&quot;},
	[&quot;tnu&quot;] = {&quot;Tay Khang&quot;},
	[&quot;tnv&quot;] = {&quot;Tangchangya&quot;},
	[&quot;tnw&quot;] = {&quot;Tonsawang&quot;},
	[&quot;tnx&quot;] = {&quot;Tanema&quot;},
	[&quot;tny&quot;] = {&quot;Tongwe&quot;},
	[&quot;tnz&quot;] = {&quot;Ten'edn&quot;},
	[&quot;tob&quot;] = {&quot;Toba&quot;},
	[&quot;toc&quot;] = {&quot;Coyutla Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tod&quot;] = {&quot;Toma&quot;},
	[&quot;tof&quot;] = {&quot;Gizrra&quot;},
	[&quot;tog&quot;] = {&quot;Tonga (Nyasa)&quot;},
	[&quot;toh&quot;] = {&quot;Gitonga&quot;},
	[&quot;toi&quot;] = {&quot;Tonga (Zambia)&quot;},
	[&quot;toj&quot;] = {&quot;Tojolabal&quot;},
	[&quot;tok&quot;] = {&quot;Toki Pona&quot;},
	[&quot;tol&quot;] = {&quot;Tolowa&quot;},
	[&quot;tom&quot;] = {&quot;Tombulu&quot;},
	[&quot;too&quot;] = {&quot;Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;top&quot;] = {&quot;Papantla Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;toq&quot;] = {&quot;Toposa&quot;},
	[&quot;tor&quot;] = {&quot;Togbo-Vara Banda&quot;},
	[&quot;tos&quot;] = {&quot;Highland Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tou&quot;] = {&quot;Tho&quot;},
	[&quot;tov&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Taromi&quot;},
	[&quot;tow&quot;] = {&quot;Jemez&quot;},
	[&quot;tox&quot;] = {&quot;Tobian&quot;},
	[&quot;toy&quot;] = {&quot;Topoiyo&quot;},
	[&quot;toz&quot;] = {&quot;To&quot;},
	[&quot;tpa&quot;] = {&quot;Taupota&quot;},
	[&quot;tpc&quot;] = {&quot;Azoyú Me'phaa&quot;, &quot;Azoyú Tlapanec&quot;},
	[&quot;tpe&quot;] = {&quot;Tippera&quot;},
	[&quot;tpf&quot;] = {&quot;Tarpia&quot;},
	[&quot;tpg&quot;] = {&quot;Kula&quot;},
	[&quot;tpi&quot;] = {&quot;Tok Pisin&quot;},
	[&quot;tpj&quot;] = {&quot;Tapieté&quot;},
	[&quot;tpk&quot;] = {&quot;Tupinikin&quot;},
	[&quot;tpl&quot;] = {&quot;Tlacoapa Me'phaa&quot;, &quot;Tlacoapa Tlapanec&quot;},
	[&quot;tpm&quot;] = {&quot;Tampulma&quot;},
	[&quot;tpn&quot;] = {&quot;Tupinambá&quot;},
	[&quot;tpo&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Pao&quot;},
	[&quot;tpp&quot;] = {&quot;Pisaflores Tepehua&quot;},
	[&quot;tpq&quot;] = {&quot;Tukpa&quot;},
	[&quot;tpr&quot;] = {&quot;Tuparí&quot;},
	[&quot;tpt&quot;] = {&quot;Tlachichilco Tepehua&quot;},
	[&quot;tpu&quot;] = {&quot;Tampuan&quot;},
	[&quot;tpv&quot;] = {&quot;Tanapag&quot;},
	[&quot;tpx&quot;] = {&quot;Acatepec Me'phaa&quot;, &quot;Acatepec Tlapanec&quot;},
	[&quot;tpy&quot;] = {&quot;Trumai&quot;},
	[&quot;tpz&quot;] = {&quot;Tinputz&quot;},
	[&quot;tqb&quot;] = {&quot;Tembé&quot;},
	[&quot;tql&quot;] = {&quot;Lehali&quot;},
	[&quot;tqm&quot;] = {&quot;Turumsa&quot;},
	[&quot;tqn&quot;] = {&quot;Tenino&quot;},
	[&quot;tqo&quot;] = {&quot;Toaripi&quot;},
	[&quot;tqp&quot;] = {&quot;Tomoip&quot;},
	[&quot;tqq&quot;] = {&quot;Tunni&quot;},
	[&quot;tqr&quot;] = {&quot;Torona&quot;},
	[&quot;tqt&quot;] = {&quot;Western Totonac&quot;},
	[&quot;tqu&quot;] = {&quot;Touo&quot;},
	[&quot;tqw&quot;] = {&quot;Tonkawa&quot;},
	[&quot;tra&quot;] = {&quot;Tirahi&quot;},
	[&quot;trb&quot;] = {&quot;Terebu&quot;},
	[&quot;trc&quot;] = {&quot;Copala Triqui&quot;},
	[&quot;trd&quot;] = {&quot;Turi&quot;},
	[&quot;tre&quot;] = {&quot;East Tarangan&quot;},
	[&quot;trf&quot;] = {&quot;Trinidadian Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;trg&quot;] = {&quot;Lishán Didán&quot;},
	[&quot;trh&quot;] = {&quot;Turaka&quot;},
	[&quot;tri&quot;] = {&quot;Trió&quot;},
	[&quot;trj&quot;] = {&quot;Toram&quot;},
	[&quot;trk&quot;] = {&quot;Turkic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;trl&quot;] = {&quot;Traveller Scottish&quot;},
	[&quot;trm&quot;] = {&quot;Tregami&quot;},
	[&quot;trn&quot;] = {&quot;Trinitario&quot;},
	[&quot;tro&quot;] = {&quot;Tarao Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;trp&quot;] = {&quot;Kok Borok&quot;},
	[&quot;trq&quot;] = {&quot;San Martín Itunyoso Triqui&quot;},
	[&quot;trr&quot;] = {&quot;Taushiro&quot;},
	[&quot;trs&quot;] = {&quot;Chicahuaxtla Triqui&quot;},
	[&quot;trt&quot;] = {&quot;Tunggare&quot;},
	[&quot;tru&quot;] = {&quot;Turoyo&quot;, &quot;Surayt&quot;},
	[&quot;trv&quot;] = {&quot;Sediq&quot;, &quot;Seediq&quot;, &quot;Taroko&quot;},
	[&quot;trw&quot;] = {&quot;Torwali&quot;},
	[&quot;trx&quot;] = {&quot;Tringgus-Sembaan Bidayuh&quot;},
	[&quot;try&quot;] = {&quot;Turung&quot;},
	[&quot;trz&quot;] = {&quot;Torá&quot;},
	[&quot;tsa&quot;] = {&quot;Tsaangi&quot;},
	[&quot;tsb&quot;] = {&quot;Tsamai&quot;},
	[&quot;tsc&quot;] = {&quot;Tswa&quot;},
	[&quot;tsd&quot;] = {&quot;Tsakonian&quot;},
	[&quot;tse&quot;] = {&quot;Tunisian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;tsg&quot;] = {&quot;Tausug&quot;},
	[&quot;tsh&quot;] = {&quot;Tsuvan&quot;},
	[&quot;tsi&quot;] = {&quot;Tsimshian&quot;},
	[&quot;tsj&quot;] = {&quot;Tshangla&quot;},
	[&quot;tsk&quot;] = {&quot;Tseku&quot;},
	[&quot;tsl&quot;] = {&quot;Ts'ün-Lao&quot;},
	[&quot;tsm&quot;] = {&quot;Turkish Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Türk İşaret Dili&quot;},
	[&quot;tsp&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Toussian&quot;},
	[&quot;tsq&quot;] = {&quot;Thai Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;tsr&quot;] = {&quot;Akei&quot;},
	[&quot;tss&quot;] = {&quot;Taiwan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;tst&quot;] = {&quot;Tondi Songway Kiini&quot;},
	[&quot;tsu&quot;] = {&quot;Tsou&quot;},
	[&quot;tsv&quot;] = {&quot;Tsogo&quot;},
	[&quot;tsw&quot;] = {&quot;Tsishingini&quot;},
	[&quot;tsx&quot;] = {&quot;Mubami&quot;},
	[&quot;tsy&quot;] = {&quot;Tebul Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;tsz&quot;] = {&quot;Purepecha&quot;},
	[&quot;tta&quot;] = {&quot;Tutelo&quot;},
	[&quot;ttb&quot;] = {&quot;Gaa&quot;},
	[&quot;ttc&quot;] = {&quot;Tektiteko&quot;},
	[&quot;ttd&quot;] = {&quot;Tauade&quot;},
	[&quot;tte&quot;] = {&quot;Bwanabwana&quot;},
	[&quot;ttf&quot;] = {&quot;Tuotomb&quot;},
	[&quot;ttg&quot;] = {&quot;Tutong&quot;},
	[&quot;tth&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Ta'oih&quot;},
	[&quot;tti&quot;] = {&quot;Tobati&quot;},
	[&quot;ttj&quot;] = {&quot;Tooro&quot;},
	[&quot;ttk&quot;] = {&quot;Totoro&quot;},
	[&quot;ttl&quot;] = {&quot;Totela&quot;},
	[&quot;ttm&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tutchone&quot;},
	[&quot;ttn&quot;] = {&quot;Towei&quot;},
	[&quot;tto&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Ta'oih&quot;},
	[&quot;ttp&quot;] = {&quot;Tombelala&quot;},
	[&quot;ttq&quot;] = {&quot;Tawallammat Tamajaq&quot;},
	[&quot;ttr&quot;] = {&quot;Tera&quot;},
	[&quot;tts&quot;] = {&quot;Northeastern Thai&quot;},
	[&quot;ttt&quot;] = {&quot;Muslim Tat&quot;},
	[&quot;ttu&quot;] = {&quot;Torau&quot;},
	[&quot;ttv&quot;] = {&quot;Titan&quot;},
	[&quot;ttw&quot;] = {&quot;Long Wat&quot;},
	[&quot;tty&quot;] = {&quot;Sikaritai&quot;},
	[&quot;ttz&quot;] = {&quot;Tsum&quot;},
	[&quot;tua&quot;] = {&quot;Wiarumus&quot;},
	[&quot;tub&quot;] = {&quot;Tübatulabal&quot;},
	[&quot;tuc&quot;] = {&quot;Mutu&quot;},
	[&quot;tud&quot;] = {&quot;Tuxá&quot;},
	[&quot;tue&quot;] = {&quot;Tuyuca&quot;},
	[&quot;tuf&quot;] = {&quot;Central Tunebo&quot;},
	[&quot;tug&quot;] = {&quot;Tunia&quot;},
	[&quot;tuh&quot;] = {&quot;Taulil&quot;},
	[&quot;tui&quot;] = {&quot;Tupuri&quot;},
	[&quot;tuj&quot;] = {&quot;Tugutil&quot;},
	[&quot;tul&quot;] = {&quot;Tula&quot;},
	[&quot;tum&quot;] = {&quot;Tumbuka&quot;},
	[&quot;tun&quot;] = {&quot;Tunica&quot;},
	[&quot;tuo&quot;] = {&quot;Tucano&quot;},
	[&quot;tup&quot;] = {&quot;Tupi languages&quot;},
	[&quot;tuq&quot;] = {&quot;Tedaga&quot;},
	[&quot;tus&quot;] = {&quot;Tuscarora&quot;},
	[&quot;tut&quot;] = {&quot;Altaic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;tuu&quot;] = {&quot;Tututni&quot;},
	[&quot;tuv&quot;] = {&quot;Turkana&quot;},
	[&quot;tuw&quot;] = {&quot;Tungus languages&quot;},
	[&quot;tux&quot;] = {&quot;Tuxináwa&quot;},
	[&quot;tuy&quot;] = {&quot;Tugen&quot;},
	[&quot;tuz&quot;] = {&quot;Turka&quot;},
	[&quot;tva&quot;] = {&quot;Vaghua&quot;},
	[&quot;tvd&quot;] = {&quot;Tsuvadi&quot;},
	[&quot;tve&quot;] = {&quot;Te'un&quot;},
	[&quot;tvi&quot;] = {&quot;Tulai&quot;},
	[&quot;tvk&quot;] = {&quot;Southeast Ambrym&quot;},
	[&quot;tvl&quot;] = {&quot;Tuvalu&quot;},
	[&quot;tvm&quot;] = {&quot;Tela-Masbuar&quot;},
	[&quot;tvn&quot;] = {&quot;Tavoyan&quot;},
	[&quot;tvo&quot;] = {&quot;Tidore&quot;},
	[&quot;tvs&quot;] = {&quot;Taveta&quot;},
	[&quot;tvt&quot;] = {&quot;Tutsa Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;tvu&quot;] = {&quot;Tunen&quot;},
	[&quot;tvw&quot;] = {&quot;Sedoa&quot;},
	[&quot;tvx&quot;] = {&quot;Taivoan&quot;},
	[&quot;tvy&quot;] = {&quot;Timor Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;twa&quot;] = {&quot;Twana&quot;},
	[&quot;twb&quot;] = {&quot;Western Tawbuid&quot;},
	[&quot;twc&quot;] = {&quot;Teshenawa&quot;},
	[&quot;twd&quot;] = {&quot;Twents&quot;},
	[&quot;twe&quot;] = {&quot;Tewa (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;twf&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;twg&quot;] = {&quot;Tereweng&quot;},
	[&quot;twh&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Dón&quot;},
	[&quot;twl&quot;] = {&quot;Tawara&quot;},
	[&quot;twm&quot;] = {&quot;Tawang Monpa&quot;},
	[&quot;twn&quot;] = {&quot;Twendi&quot;},
	[&quot;two&quot;] = {&quot;Tswapong&quot;},
	[&quot;twp&quot;] = {&quot;Ere&quot;},
	[&quot;twq&quot;] = {&quot;Tasawaq&quot;},
	[&quot;twr&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Tarahumara&quot;},
	[&quot;twt&quot;] = {&quot;Turiwára&quot;},
	[&quot;twu&quot;] = {&quot;Termanu&quot;},
	[&quot;tww&quot;] = {&quot;Tuwari&quot;},
	[&quot;twx&quot;] = {&quot;Tewe&quot;},
	[&quot;twy&quot;] = {&quot;Tawoyan&quot;},
	[&quot;txa&quot;] = {&quot;Tombonuo&quot;},
	[&quot;txb&quot;] = {&quot;Tokharian B&quot;},
	[&quot;txc&quot;] = {&quot;Tsetsaut&quot;},
	[&quot;txe&quot;] = {&quot;Totoli&quot;},
	[&quot;txg&quot;] = {&quot;Tangut&quot;},
	[&quot;txh&quot;] = {&quot;Thracian&quot;},
	[&quot;txi&quot;] = {&quot;Ikpeng&quot;},
	[&quot;txj&quot;] = {&quot;Tarjumo&quot;},
	[&quot;txm&quot;] = {&quot;Tomini&quot;},
	[&quot;txn&quot;] = {&quot;West Tarangan&quot;},
	[&quot;txo&quot;] = {&quot;Toto&quot;},
	[&quot;txq&quot;] = {&quot;Tii&quot;},
	[&quot;txr&quot;] = {&quot;Tartessian&quot;},
	[&quot;txs&quot;] = {&quot;Tonsea&quot;},
	[&quot;txt&quot;] = {&quot;Citak&quot;},
	[&quot;txu&quot;] = {&quot;Kayapó&quot;},
	[&quot;txx&quot;] = {&quot;Tatana&quot;},
	[&quot;txy&quot;] = {&quot;Tanosy Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;tya&quot;] = {&quot;Tauya&quot;},
	[&quot;tye&quot;] = {&quot;Kyanga&quot;},
	[&quot;tyh&quot;] = {&quot;O'du&quot;},
	[&quot;tyi&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Tsaayi&quot;},
	[&quot;tyj&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Do&quot;, &quot;Tai Yo&quot;},
	[&quot;tyl&quot;] = {&quot;Thu Lao&quot;},
	[&quot;tyn&quot;] = {&quot;Kombai&quot;},
	[&quot;typ&quot;] = {&quot;Thaypan&quot;},
	[&quot;tyr&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Daeng&quot;},
	[&quot;tys&quot;] = {&quot;Tày Sa Pa&quot;},
	[&quot;tyt&quot;] = {&quot;Tày Tac&quot;},
	[&quot;tyu&quot;] = {&quot;Kua&quot;},
	[&quot;tyv&quot;] = {&quot;Tuvinian&quot;},
	[&quot;tyx&quot;] = {&quot;Teke-Tyee&quot;},
	[&quot;tyy&quot;] = {&quot;Tiyaa&quot;},
	[&quot;tyz&quot;] = {&quot;Tày&quot;},
	[&quot;tza&quot;] = {&quot;Tanzanian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;tzh&quot;] = {&quot;Tzeltal&quot;},
	[&quot;tzj&quot;] = {&quot;Tz'utujil&quot;},
	[&quot;tzl&quot;] = {&quot;Talossan&quot;},
	[&quot;tzm&quot;] = {&quot;Central Atlas Tamazight&quot;},
	[&quot;tzn&quot;] = {&quot;Tugun&quot;},
	[&quot;tzo&quot;] = {&quot;Tzotzil&quot;},
	[&quot;tzx&quot;] = {&quot;Tabriak&quot;},
	[&quot;uam&quot;] = {&quot;Uamué&quot;},
	[&quot;uan&quot;] = {&quot;Kuan&quot;},
	[&quot;uar&quot;] = {&quot;Tairuma&quot;},
	[&quot;uba&quot;] = {&quot;Ubang&quot;},
	[&quot;ubi&quot;] = {&quot;Ubi&quot;},
	[&quot;ubl&quot;] = {&quot;Buhi'non Bikol&quot;},
	[&quot;ubr&quot;] = {&quot;Ubir&quot;},
	[&quot;ubu&quot;] = {&quot;Umbu-Ungu&quot;},
	[&quot;uby&quot;] = {&quot;Ubykh&quot;},
	[&quot;uda&quot;] = {&quot;Uda&quot;},
	[&quot;ude&quot;] = {&quot;Udihe&quot;},
	[&quot;udg&quot;] = {&quot;Muduga&quot;},
	[&quot;udi&quot;] = {&quot;Udi&quot;},
	[&quot;udj&quot;] = {&quot;Ujir&quot;},
	[&quot;udl&quot;] = {&quot;Wuzlam&quot;},
	[&quot;udm&quot;] = {&quot;Udmurt&quot;},
	[&quot;udu&quot;] = {&quot;Uduk&quot;},
	[&quot;ues&quot;] = {&quot;Kioko&quot;},
	[&quot;ufi&quot;] = {&quot;Ufim&quot;},
	[&quot;uga&quot;] = {&quot;Ugaritic&quot;},
	[&quot;ugb&quot;] = {&quot;Kuku-Ugbanh&quot;},
	[&quot;uge&quot;] = {&quot;Ughele&quot;},
	[&quot;ugh&quot;] = {&quot;Kubachi&quot;},
	[&quot;ugn&quot;] = {&quot;Ugandan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ugo&quot;] = {&quot;Ugong&quot;},
	[&quot;ugy&quot;] = {&quot;Uruguayan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;uha&quot;] = {&quot;Uhami&quot;},
	[&quot;uhn&quot;] = {&quot;Damal&quot;},
	[&quot;uis&quot;] = {&quot;Uisai&quot;},
	[&quot;uiv&quot;] = {&quot;Iyive&quot;},
	[&quot;uji&quot;] = {&quot;Tanjijili&quot;},
	[&quot;uka&quot;] = {&quot;Kaburi&quot;},
	[&quot;ukg&quot;] = {&quot;Ukuriguma&quot;},
	[&quot;ukh&quot;] = {&quot;Ukhwejo&quot;},
	[&quot;uki&quot;] = {&quot;Kui (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;ukk&quot;] = {&quot;Muak Sa-aak&quot;},
	[&quot;ukl&quot;] = {&quot;Ukrainian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ukp&quot;] = {&quot;Ukpe-Bayobiri&quot;},
	[&quot;ukq&quot;] = {&quot;Ukwa&quot;},
	[&quot;uks&quot;] = {&quot;Urubú-Kaapor Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Kaapor Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;uku&quot;] = {&quot;Ukue&quot;},
	[&quot;ukv&quot;] = {&quot;Kuku&quot;},
	[&quot;ukw&quot;] = {&quot;Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni&quot;},
	[&quot;uky&quot;] = {&quot;Kuuk-Yak&quot;},
	[&quot;ula&quot;] = {&quot;Fungwa&quot;},
	[&quot;ulb&quot;] = {&quot;Ulukwumi&quot;},
	[&quot;ulc&quot;] = {&quot;Ulch&quot;},
	[&quot;ule&quot;] = {&quot;Lule&quot;},
	[&quot;ulf&quot;] = {&quot;Usku&quot;, &quot;Afra&quot;},
	[&quot;uli&quot;] = {&quot;Ulithian&quot;},
	[&quot;ulk&quot;] = {&quot;Meriam Mir&quot;},
	[&quot;ull&quot;] = {&quot;Ullatan&quot;},
	[&quot;ulm&quot;] = {&quot;Ulumanda'&quot;},
	[&quot;uln&quot;] = {&quot;Unserdeutsch&quot;},
	[&quot;ulu&quot;] = {&quot;Uma' Lung&quot;},
	[&quot;ulw&quot;] = {&quot;Ulwa&quot;},
	[&quot;uly&quot;] = {&quot;Buli&quot;},
	[&quot;uma&quot;] = {&quot;Umatilla&quot;},
	[&quot;umb&quot;] = {&quot;Umbundu&quot;},
	[&quot;umc&quot;] = {&quot;Marrucinian&quot;},
	[&quot;umd&quot;] = {&quot;Umbindhamu&quot;},
	[&quot;umg&quot;] = {&quot;Morrobalama&quot;, &quot;Umbuygamu&quot;},
	[&quot;umi&quot;] = {&quot;Ukit&quot;},
	[&quot;umm&quot;] = {&quot;Umon&quot;},
	[&quot;umn&quot;] = {&quot;Makyan Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;umo&quot;] = {&quot;Umotína&quot;},
	[&quot;ump&quot;] = {&quot;Umpila&quot;},
	[&quot;umr&quot;] = {&quot;Umbugarla&quot;},
	[&quot;ums&quot;] = {&quot;Pendau&quot;},
	[&quot;umu&quot;] = {&quot;Munsee&quot;},
	[&quot;una&quot;] = {&quot;North Watut&quot;},
	[&quot;und&quot;] = {&quot;Undetermined&quot;},
	[&quot;une&quot;] = {&quot;Uneme&quot;},
	[&quot;ung&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarinyin&quot;},
	[&quot;uni&quot;] = {&quot;Uni&quot;},
	[&quot;unk&quot;] = {&quot;Enawené-Nawé&quot;},
	[&quot;unm&quot;] = {&quot;Unami&quot;},
	[&quot;unn&quot;] = {&quot;Kurnai&quot;},
	[&quot;unr&quot;] = {&quot;Mundari&quot;},
	[&quot;unu&quot;] = {&quot;Unubahe&quot;},
	[&quot;unx&quot;] = {&quot;Munda&quot;},
	[&quot;unz&quot;] = {&quot;Unde Kaili&quot;},
	[&quot;uon&quot;] = {&quot;Kulon&quot;},
	[&quot;upi&quot;] = {&quot;Umeda&quot;},
	[&quot;upv&quot;] = {&quot;Uripiv-Wala-Rano-Atchin&quot;},
	[&quot;ura&quot;] = {&quot;Urarina&quot;},
	[&quot;urb&quot;] = {&quot;Urubú-Kaapor&quot;, &quot;Kaapor&quot;},
	[&quot;urc&quot;] = {&quot;Urningangg&quot;},
	[&quot;ure&quot;] = {&quot;Uru&quot;},
	[&quot;urf&quot;] = {&quot;Uradhi&quot;},
	[&quot;urg&quot;] = {&quot;Urigina&quot;},
	[&quot;urh&quot;] = {&quot;Urhobo&quot;},
	[&quot;uri&quot;] = {&quot;Urim&quot;},
	[&quot;urj&quot;] = {&quot;Uralic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;urk&quot;] = {&quot;Urak Lawoi'&quot;},
	[&quot;url&quot;] = {&quot;Urali&quot;},
	[&quot;urm&quot;] = {&quot;Urapmin&quot;},
	[&quot;urn&quot;] = {&quot;Uruangnirin&quot;},
	[&quot;uro&quot;] = {&quot;Ura (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;urp&quot;] = {&quot;Uru-Pa-In&quot;},
	[&quot;urr&quot;] = {&quot;Lehalurup&quot;, &quot;Löyöp&quot;},
	[&quot;urt&quot;] = {&quot;Urat&quot;},
	[&quot;uru&quot;] = {&quot;Urumi&quot;},
	[&quot;urv&quot;] = {&quot;Uruava&quot;},
	[&quot;urw&quot;] = {&quot;Sop&quot;},
	[&quot;urx&quot;] = {&quot;Urimo&quot;},
	[&quot;ury&quot;] = {&quot;Orya&quot;},
	[&quot;urz&quot;] = {&quot;Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau&quot;},
	[&quot;usa&quot;] = {&quot;Usarufa&quot;},
	[&quot;ush&quot;] = {&quot;Ushojo&quot;},
	[&quot;usi&quot;] = {&quot;Usui&quot;},
	[&quot;usk&quot;] = {&quot;Usaghade&quot;},
	[&quot;usp&quot;] = {&quot;Uspanteco&quot;},
	[&quot;uss&quot;] = {&quot;us-Saare&quot;},
	[&quot;usu&quot;] = {&quot;Uya&quot;},
	[&quot;uta&quot;] = {&quot;Otank&quot;},
	[&quot;ute&quot;] = {&quot;Ute-Southern Paiute&quot;},
	[&quot;uth&quot;] = {&quot;ut-Hun&quot;},
	[&quot;utp&quot;] = {&quot;Amba (Solomon Islands)&quot;},
	[&quot;utr&quot;] = {&quot;Etulo&quot;},
	[&quot;utu&quot;] = {&quot;Utu&quot;},
	[&quot;uum&quot;] = {&quot;Urum&quot;},
	[&quot;uur&quot;] = {&quot;Ura (Vanuatu)&quot;},
	[&quot;uuu&quot;] = {&quot;U&quot;},
	[&quot;uve&quot;] = {&quot;West Uvean&quot;, &quot;Fagauvea&quot;},
	[&quot;uvh&quot;] = {&quot;Uri&quot;},
	[&quot;uvl&quot;] = {&quot;Lote&quot;},
	[&quot;uwa&quot;] = {&quot;Kuku-Uwanh&quot;},
	[&quot;uya&quot;] = {&quot;Doko-Uyanga&quot;},
	[&quot;uzn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Uzbek&quot;},
	[&quot;uzs&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Uzbek&quot;},
	[&quot;vaa&quot;] = {&quot;Vaagri Booli&quot;},
	[&quot;vae&quot;] = {&quot;Vale&quot;},
	[&quot;vaf&quot;] = {&quot;Vafsi&quot;},
	[&quot;vag&quot;] = {&quot;Vagla&quot;},
	[&quot;vah&quot;] = {&quot;Varhadi-Nagpuri&quot;},
	[&quot;vai&quot;] = {&quot;Vai&quot;},
	[&quot;vaj&quot;] = {&quot;Sekele&quot;, &quot;Northwestern ǃKung&quot;, &quot;Vasekele&quot;},
	[&quot;val&quot;] = {&quot;Vehes&quot;},
	[&quot;vam&quot;] = {&quot;Vanimo&quot;},
	[&quot;van&quot;] = {&quot;Valman&quot;},
	[&quot;vao&quot;] = {&quot;Vao&quot;},
	[&quot;vap&quot;] = {&quot;Vaiphei&quot;},
	[&quot;var&quot;] = {&quot;Huarijio&quot;},
	[&quot;vas&quot;] = {&quot;Vasavi&quot;},
	[&quot;vau&quot;] = {&quot;Vanuma&quot;},
	[&quot;vav&quot;] = {&quot;Varli&quot;},
	[&quot;vay&quot;] = {&quot;Wayu&quot;},
	[&quot;vbb&quot;] = {&quot;Southeast Babar&quot;},
	[&quot;vbk&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Bontok&quot;},
	[&quot;vec&quot;] = {&quot;Venetian&quot;},
	[&quot;ved&quot;] = {&quot;Veddah&quot;},
	[&quot;vel&quot;] = {&quot;Veluws&quot;},
	[&quot;vem&quot;] = {&quot;Vemgo-Mabas&quot;},
	[&quot;veo&quot;] = {&quot;Ventureño&quot;},
	[&quot;vep&quot;] = {&quot;Veps&quot;},
	[&quot;ver&quot;] = {&quot;Mom Jango&quot;},
	[&quot;vgr&quot;] = {&quot;Vaghri&quot;},
	[&quot;vgt&quot;] = {&quot;Vlaamse Gebarentaal&quot;, &quot;Flemish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;vic&quot;] = {&quot;Virgin Islands Creole English&quot;},
	[&quot;vid&quot;] = {&quot;Vidunda&quot;},
	[&quot;vif&quot;] = {&quot;Vili&quot;},
	[&quot;vig&quot;] = {&quot;Viemo&quot;},
	[&quot;vil&quot;] = {&quot;Vilela&quot;},
	[&quot;vin&quot;] = {&quot;Vinza&quot;},
	[&quot;vis&quot;] = {&quot;Vishavan&quot;},
	[&quot;vit&quot;] = {&quot;Viti&quot;},
	[&quot;viv&quot;] = {&quot;Iduna&quot;},
	[&quot;vjk&quot;] = {&quot;Bajjika&quot;},
	[&quot;vka&quot;] = {&quot;Kariyarra&quot;},
	[&quot;vkj&quot;] = {&quot;Kujarge&quot;},
	[&quot;vkk&quot;] = {&quot;Kaur&quot;},
	[&quot;vkl&quot;] = {&quot;Kulisusu&quot;},
	[&quot;vkm&quot;] = {&quot;Kamakan&quot;},
	[&quot;vkn&quot;] = {&quot;Koro Nulu&quot;},
	[&quot;vko&quot;] = {&quot;Kodeoha&quot;},
	[&quot;vkp&quot;] = {&quot;Korlai Creole Portuguese&quot;},
	[&quot;vkt&quot;] = {&quot;Tenggarong Kutai Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;vku&quot;] = {&quot;Kurrama&quot;},
	[&quot;vkz&quot;] = {&quot;Koro Zuba&quot;},
	[&quot;vlp&quot;] = {&quot;Valpei&quot;},
	[&quot;vls&quot;] = {&quot;Vlaams&quot;},
	[&quot;vma&quot;] = {&quot;Martuyhunira&quot;},
	[&quot;vmb&quot;] = {&quot;Barbaram&quot;},
	[&quot;vmc&quot;] = {&quot;Juxtlahuaca Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmd&quot;] = {&quot;Mudu Koraga&quot;},
	[&quot;vme&quot;] = {&quot;East Masela&quot;},
	[&quot;vmf&quot;] = {&quot;Mainfränkisch&quot;},
	[&quot;vmg&quot;] = {&quot;Lungalunga&quot;},
	[&quot;vmh&quot;] = {&quot;Maraghei&quot;},
	[&quot;vmi&quot;] = {&quot;Miwa&quot;},
	[&quot;vmj&quot;] = {&quot;Ixtayutla Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmk&quot;] = {&quot;Makhuwa-Shirima&quot;},
	[&quot;vml&quot;] = {&quot;Malgana&quot;},
	[&quot;vmm&quot;] = {&quot;Mitlatongo Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmp&quot;] = {&quot;Soyaltepec Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmq&quot;] = {&quot;Soyaltepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmr&quot;] = {&quot;Marenje&quot;},
	[&quot;vms&quot;] = {&quot;Moksela&quot;},
	[&quot;vmu&quot;] = {&quot;Muluridyi&quot;},
	[&quot;vmv&quot;] = {&quot;Valley Maidu&quot;},
	[&quot;vmw&quot;] = {&quot;Makhuwa&quot;},
	[&quot;vmx&quot;] = {&quot;Tamazola Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmy&quot;] = {&quot;Ayautla Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;vmz&quot;] = {&quot;Mazatlán Mazatec&quot;},
	[&quot;vnk&quot;] = {&quot;Vano&quot;, &quot;Lovono&quot;},
	[&quot;vnm&quot;] = {&quot;Vinmavis&quot;, &quot;Neve'ei&quot;},
	[&quot;vnp&quot;] = {&quot;Vunapu&quot;},
	[&quot;vor&quot;] = {&quot;Voro&quot;},
	[&quot;vot&quot;] = {&quot;Votic&quot;},
	[&quot;vra&quot;] = {&quot;Vera'a&quot;},
	[&quot;vro&quot;] = {&quot;Võro&quot;},
	[&quot;vrs&quot;] = {&quot;Varisi&quot;},
	[&quot;vrt&quot;] = {&quot;Burmbar&quot;, &quot;Banam Bay&quot;},
	[&quot;vsi&quot;] = {&quot;Moldova Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;vsl&quot;] = {&quot;Venezuelan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;vsn&quot;] = {&quot;Vedic Sanskrit&quot;},
	[&quot;vsv&quot;] = {&quot;Valencian Sign Language&quot;, &quot;Llengua de signes valenciana&quot;},
	[&quot;vto&quot;] = {&quot;Vitou&quot;},
	[&quot;vum&quot;] = {&quot;Vumbu&quot;},
	[&quot;vun&quot;] = {&quot;Vunjo&quot;},
	[&quot;vut&quot;] = {&quot;Vute&quot;},
	[&quot;vwa&quot;] = {&quot;Awa (China)&quot;},
	[&quot;waa&quot;] = {&quot;Walla Walla&quot;},
	[&quot;wab&quot;] = {&quot;Wab&quot;},
	[&quot;wac&quot;] = {&quot;Wasco-Wishram&quot;},
	[&quot;wad&quot;] = {&quot;Wamesa&quot;, &quot;Wondama&quot;},
	[&quot;wae&quot;] = {&quot;Walser&quot;},
	[&quot;waf&quot;] = {&quot;Wakoná&quot;},
	[&quot;wag&quot;] = {&quot;Wa'ema&quot;},
	[&quot;wah&quot;] = {&quot;Watubela&quot;},
	[&quot;wai&quot;] = {&quot;Wares&quot;},
	[&quot;waj&quot;] = {&quot;Waffa&quot;},
	[&quot;wak&quot;] = {&quot;Wakashan languages&quot;},
	[&quot;wal&quot;] = {&quot;Wolaytta&quot;, &quot;Wolaitta&quot;},
	[&quot;wam&quot;] = {&quot;Wampanoag&quot;},
	[&quot;wan&quot;] = {&quot;Wan&quot;},
	[&quot;wao&quot;] = {&quot;Wappo&quot;},
	[&quot;wap&quot;] = {&quot;Wapishana&quot;},
	[&quot;waq&quot;] = {&quot;Wagiman&quot;},
	[&quot;war&quot;] = {&quot;Waray (Philippines)&quot;},
	[&quot;was&quot;] = {&quot;Washo&quot;},
	[&quot;wat&quot;] = {&quot;Kaninuwa&quot;},
	[&quot;wau&quot;] = {&quot;Waurá&quot;},
	[&quot;wav&quot;] = {&quot;Waka&quot;},
	[&quot;waw&quot;] = {&quot;Waiwai&quot;},
	[&quot;wax&quot;] = {&quot;Watam&quot;, &quot;Marangis&quot;},
	[&quot;way&quot;] = {&quot;Wayana&quot;},
	[&quot;waz&quot;] = {&quot;Wampur&quot;},
	[&quot;wba&quot;] = {&quot;Warao&quot;},
	[&quot;wbb&quot;] = {&quot;Wabo&quot;},
	[&quot;wbe&quot;] = {&quot;Waritai&quot;},
	[&quot;wbf&quot;] = {&quot;Wara&quot;},
	[&quot;wbh&quot;] = {&quot;Wanda&quot;},
	[&quot;wbi&quot;] = {&quot;Vwanji&quot;},
	[&quot;wbj&quot;] = {&quot;Alagwa&quot;},
	[&quot;wbk&quot;] = {&quot;Waigali&quot;},
	[&quot;wbl&quot;] = {&quot;Wakhi&quot;},
	[&quot;wbm&quot;] = {&quot;Wa&quot;},
	[&quot;wbp&quot;] = {&quot;Warlpiri&quot;},
	[&quot;wbq&quot;] = {&quot;Waddar&quot;},
	[&quot;wbr&quot;] = {&quot;Wagdi&quot;},
	[&quot;wbs&quot;] = {&quot;West Bengal Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;wbt&quot;] = {&quot;Warnman&quot;},
	[&quot;wbv&quot;] = {&quot;Wajarri&quot;},
	[&quot;wbw&quot;] = {&quot;Woi&quot;},
	[&quot;wca&quot;] = {&quot;Yanomámi&quot;},
	[&quot;wci&quot;] = {&quot;Waci Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;wdd&quot;] = {&quot;Wandji&quot;},
	[&quot;wdg&quot;] = {&quot;Wadaginam&quot;},
	[&quot;wdj&quot;] = {&quot;Wadjiginy&quot;},
	[&quot;wdk&quot;] = {&quot;Wadikali&quot;},
	[&quot;wdt&quot;] = {&quot;Wendat&quot;},
	[&quot;wdu&quot;] = {&quot;Wadjigu&quot;},
	[&quot;wdy&quot;] = {&quot;Wadjabangayi&quot;},
	[&quot;wea&quot;] = {&quot;Wewaw&quot;},
	[&quot;wec&quot;] = {&quot;Wè Western&quot;},
	[&quot;wed&quot;] = {&quot;Wedau&quot;},
	[&quot;weg&quot;] = {&quot;Wergaia&quot;},
	[&quot;weh&quot;] = {&quot;Weh&quot;},
	[&quot;wei&quot;] = {&quot;Kiunum&quot;},
	[&quot;wem&quot;] = {&quot;Weme Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;wen&quot;] = {&quot;Sorbian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;weo&quot;] = {&quot;Wemale&quot;},
	[&quot;wep&quot;] = {&quot;Westphalien&quot;},
	[&quot;wer&quot;] = {&quot;Weri&quot;},
	[&quot;wes&quot;] = {&quot;Cameroon Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;wet&quot;] = {&quot;Perai&quot;},
	[&quot;weu&quot;] = {&quot;Rawngtu Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;wew&quot;] = {&quot;Wejewa&quot;},
	[&quot;wfg&quot;] = {&quot;Yafi&quot;, &quot;Zorop&quot;},
	[&quot;wga&quot;] = {&quot;Wagaya&quot;},
	[&quot;wgb&quot;] = {&quot;Wagawaga&quot;},
	[&quot;wgg&quot;] = {&quot;Wangkangurru&quot;, &quot;Wangganguru&quot;},
	[&quot;wgi&quot;] = {&quot;Wahgi&quot;},
	[&quot;wgo&quot;] = {&quot;Waigeo&quot;},
	[&quot;wgu&quot;] = {&quot;Wirangu&quot;},
	[&quot;wgy&quot;] = {&quot;Warrgamay&quot;},
	[&quot;wha&quot;] = {&quot;Sou Upaa&quot;, &quot;Manusela&quot;},
	[&quot;whg&quot;] = {&quot;North Wahgi&quot;},
	[&quot;whk&quot;] = {&quot;Wahau Kenyah&quot;},
	[&quot;whu&quot;] = {&quot;Wahau Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;wib&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Toussian&quot;},
	[&quot;wic&quot;] = {&quot;Wichita&quot;},
	[&quot;wie&quot;] = {&quot;Wik-Epa&quot;},
	[&quot;wif&quot;] = {&quot;Wik-Keyangan&quot;},
	[&quot;wig&quot;] = {&quot;Wik Ngathan&quot;},
	[&quot;wih&quot;] = {&quot;Wik-Me'anha&quot;},
	[&quot;wii&quot;] = {&quot;Minidien&quot;},
	[&quot;wij&quot;] = {&quot;Wik-Iiyanh&quot;},
	[&quot;wik&quot;] = {&quot;Wikalkan&quot;},
	[&quot;wil&quot;] = {&quot;Wilawila&quot;},
	[&quot;wim&quot;] = {&quot;Wik-Mungkan&quot;},
	[&quot;win&quot;] = {&quot;Ho-Chunk&quot;},
	[&quot;wir&quot;] = {&quot;Wiraféd&quot;},
	[&quot;wiu&quot;] = {&quot;Wiru&quot;},
	[&quot;wiv&quot;] = {&quot;Vitu&quot;},
	[&quot;wiy&quot;] = {&quot;Wiyot&quot;},
	[&quot;wja&quot;] = {&quot;Waja&quot;},
	[&quot;wji&quot;] = {&quot;Warji&quot;},
	[&quot;wka&quot;] = {&quot;Kw'adza&quot;},
	[&quot;wkb&quot;] = {&quot;Kumbaran&quot;},
	[&quot;wkd&quot;] = {&quot;Wakde&quot;, &quot;Mo&quot;},
	[&quot;wkl&quot;] = {&quot;Kalanadi&quot;},
	[&quot;wkr&quot;] = {&quot;Keerray-Woorroong&quot;},
	[&quot;wku&quot;] = {&quot;Kunduvadi&quot;},
	[&quot;wkw&quot;] = {&quot;Wakawaka&quot;},
	[&quot;wky&quot;] = {&quot;Wangkayutyuru&quot;},
	[&quot;wla&quot;] = {&quot;Walio&quot;},
	[&quot;wlc&quot;] = {&quot;Mwali Comorian&quot;},
	[&quot;wle&quot;] = {&quot;Wolane&quot;},
	[&quot;wlg&quot;] = {&quot;Kunbarlang&quot;},
	[&quot;wlh&quot;] = {&quot;Welaun&quot;},
	[&quot;wli&quot;] = {&quot;Waioli&quot;},
	[&quot;wlk&quot;] = {&quot;Wailaki&quot;},
	[&quot;wll&quot;] = {&quot;Wali (Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;wlm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Welsh&quot;},
	[&quot;wlo&quot;] = {&quot;Wolio&quot;},
	[&quot;wlr&quot;] = {&quot;Wailapa&quot;},
	[&quot;wls&quot;] = {&quot;Wallisian&quot;},
	[&quot;wlu&quot;] = {&quot;Wuliwuli&quot;},
	[&quot;wlv&quot;] = {&quot;Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz&quot;},
	[&quot;wlw&quot;] = {&quot;Walak&quot;},
	[&quot;wlx&quot;] = {&quot;Wali (Ghana)&quot;},
	[&quot;wly&quot;] = {&quot;Waling&quot;},
	[&quot;wma&quot;] = {&quot;Mawa (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;wmb&quot;] = {&quot;Wambaya&quot;},
	[&quot;wmc&quot;] = {&quot;Wamas&quot;},
	[&quot;wmd&quot;] = {&quot;Mamaindé&quot;},
	[&quot;wme&quot;] = {&quot;Wambule&quot;},
	[&quot;wmg&quot;] = {&quot;Western Minyag&quot;},
	[&quot;wmh&quot;] = {&quot;Waima'a&quot;},
	[&quot;wmi&quot;] = {&quot;Wamin&quot;},
	[&quot;wmm&quot;] = {&quot;Maiwa (Indonesia)&quot;},
	[&quot;wmn&quot;] = {&quot;Waamwang&quot;},
	[&quot;wmo&quot;] = {&quot;Wom (Papua New Guinea)&quot;},
	[&quot;wms&quot;] = {&quot;Wambon&quot;},
	[&quot;wmt&quot;] = {&quot;Walmajarri&quot;},
	[&quot;wmw&quot;] = {&quot;Mwani&quot;},
	[&quot;wmx&quot;] = {&quot;Womo&quot;},
	[&quot;wnb&quot;] = {&quot;Mokati&quot;},
	[&quot;wnc&quot;] = {&quot;Wantoat&quot;},
	[&quot;wnd&quot;] = {&quot;Wandarang&quot;},
	[&quot;wne&quot;] = {&quot;Waneci&quot;},
	[&quot;wng&quot;] = {&quot;Wanggom&quot;},
	[&quot;wni&quot;] = {&quot;Ndzwani Comorian&quot;},
	[&quot;wnk&quot;] = {&quot;Wanukaka&quot;},
	[&quot;wnm&quot;] = {&quot;Wanggamala&quot;},
	[&quot;wnn&quot;] = {&quot;Wunumara&quot;},
	[&quot;wno&quot;] = {&quot;Wano&quot;},
	[&quot;wnp&quot;] = {&quot;Wanap&quot;},
	[&quot;wnu&quot;] = {&quot;Usan&quot;},
	[&quot;wnw&quot;] = {&quot;Wintu&quot;},
	[&quot;wny&quot;] = {&quot;Wanyi&quot;, &quot;Waanyi&quot;},
	[&quot;woa&quot;] = {&quot;Kuwema&quot;, &quot;Tyaraity&quot;},
	[&quot;wob&quot;] = {&quot;Wè Northern&quot;},
	[&quot;woc&quot;] = {&quot;Wogeo&quot;},
	[&quot;wod&quot;] = {&quot;Wolani&quot;},
	[&quot;woe&quot;] = {&quot;Woleaian&quot;},
	[&quot;wof&quot;] = {&quot;Gambian Wolof&quot;},
	[&quot;wog&quot;] = {&quot;Wogamusin&quot;},
	[&quot;woi&quot;] = {&quot;Kamang&quot;},
	[&quot;wok&quot;] = {&quot;Longto&quot;},
	[&quot;wom&quot;] = {&quot;Wom (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;won&quot;] = {&quot;Wongo&quot;},
	[&quot;woo&quot;] = {&quot;Manombai&quot;},
	[&quot;wor&quot;] = {&quot;Woria&quot;},
	[&quot;wos&quot;] = {&quot;Hanga Hundi&quot;},
	[&quot;wow&quot;] = {&quot;Wawonii&quot;},
	[&quot;woy&quot;] = {&quot;Weyto&quot;},
	[&quot;wpc&quot;] = {&quot;Maco&quot;},
	[&quot;wrb&quot;] = {&quot;Waluwarra&quot;, &quot;Warluwara&quot;},
	[&quot;wrg&quot;] = {&quot;Warungu&quot;, &quot;Gudjal&quot;},
	[&quot;wrh&quot;] = {&quot;Wiradjuri&quot;},
	[&quot;wri&quot;] = {&quot;Wariyangga&quot;},
	[&quot;wrk&quot;] = {&quot;Garrwa&quot;},
	[&quot;wrl&quot;] = {&quot;Warlmanpa&quot;},
	[&quot;wrm&quot;] = {&quot;Warumungu&quot;},
	[&quot;wrn&quot;] = {&quot;Warnang&quot;},
	[&quot;wro&quot;] = {&quot;Worrorra&quot;},
	[&quot;wrp&quot;] = {&quot;Waropen&quot;},
	[&quot;wrr&quot;] = {&quot;Wardaman&quot;},
	[&quot;wrs&quot;] = {&quot;Waris&quot;},
	[&quot;wru&quot;] = {&quot;Waru&quot;},
	[&quot;wrv&quot;] = {&quot;Waruna&quot;},
	[&quot;wrw&quot;] = {&quot;Gugu Warra&quot;},
	[&quot;wrx&quot;] = {&quot;Wae Rana&quot;},
	[&quot;wry&quot;] = {&quot;Merwari&quot;},
	[&quot;wrz&quot;] = {&quot;Waray (Australia)&quot;},
	[&quot;wsa&quot;] = {&quot;Warembori&quot;},
	[&quot;wsg&quot;] = {&quot;Adilabad Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;wsi&quot;] = {&quot;Wusi&quot;},
	[&quot;wsk&quot;] = {&quot;Waskia&quot;},
	[&quot;wsr&quot;] = {&quot;Owenia&quot;},
	[&quot;wss&quot;] = {&quot;Wasa&quot;},
	[&quot;wsu&quot;] = {&quot;Wasu&quot;},
	[&quot;wsv&quot;] = {&quot;Wotapuri-Katarqalai&quot;},
	[&quot;wtb&quot;] = {&quot;Matambwe&quot;},
	[&quot;wtf&quot;] = {&quot;Watiwa&quot;},
	[&quot;wth&quot;] = {&quot;Wathawurrung&quot;},
	[&quot;wti&quot;] = {&quot;Berta&quot;},
	[&quot;wtk&quot;] = {&quot;Watakataui&quot;},
	[&quot;wtm&quot;] = {&quot;Mewati&quot;},
	[&quot;wtw&quot;] = {&quot;Wotu&quot;},
	[&quot;wua&quot;] = {&quot;Wikngenchera&quot;},
	[&quot;wub&quot;] = {&quot;Wunambal&quot;},
	[&quot;wud&quot;] = {&quot;Wudu&quot;},
	[&quot;wuh&quot;] = {&quot;Wutunhua&quot;},
	[&quot;wul&quot;] = {&quot;Silimo&quot;},
	[&quot;wum&quot;] = {&quot;Wumbvu&quot;},
	[&quot;wun&quot;] = {&quot;Bungu&quot;},
	[&quot;wur&quot;] = {&quot;Wurrugu&quot;},
	[&quot;wut&quot;] = {&quot;Wutung&quot;},
	[&quot;wuu&quot;] = {&quot;Wu Chinese&quot;},
	[&quot;wuv&quot;] = {&quot;Wuvulu-Aua&quot;},
	[&quot;wux&quot;] = {&quot;Wulna&quot;},
	[&quot;wuy&quot;] = {&quot;Wauyai&quot;},
	[&quot;wwa&quot;] = {&quot;Waama&quot;},
	[&quot;wwb&quot;] = {&quot;Wakabunga&quot;},
	[&quot;wwo&quot;] = {&quot;Wetamut&quot;, &quot;Dorig&quot;},
	[&quot;wwr&quot;] = {&quot;Warrwa&quot;},
	[&quot;www&quot;] = {&quot;Wawa&quot;},
	[&quot;wxa&quot;] = {&quot;Waxianghua&quot;},
	[&quot;wxw&quot;] = {&quot;Wardandi&quot;},
	[&quot;wyb&quot;] = {&quot;Wangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa&quot;},
	[&quot;wyi&quot;] = {&quot;Woiwurrung&quot;},
	[&quot;wym&quot;] = {&quot;Wymysorys&quot;},
	[&quot;wyn&quot;] = {&quot;Wyandot&quot;},
	[&quot;wyr&quot;] = {&quot;Wayoró&quot;},
	[&quot;wyy&quot;] = {&quot;Western Fijian&quot;},
	[&quot;xaa&quot;] = {&quot;Andalusian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;xab&quot;] = {&quot;Sambe&quot;},
	[&quot;xac&quot;] = {&quot;Kachari&quot;},
	[&quot;xad&quot;] = {&quot;Adai&quot;},
	[&quot;xae&quot;] = {&quot;Aequian&quot;},
	[&quot;xag&quot;] = {&quot;Aghwan&quot;},
	[&quot;xai&quot;] = {&quot;Kaimbé&quot;},
	[&quot;xaj&quot;] = {&quot;Ararandewára&quot;},
	[&quot;xak&quot;] = {&quot;Máku&quot;},
	[&quot;xal&quot;] = {&quot;Kalmyk&quot;, &quot;Oirat&quot;},
	[&quot;xam&quot;] = {&quot;ǀXam&quot;},
	[&quot;xan&quot;] = {&quot;Xamtanga&quot;},
	[&quot;xao&quot;] = {&quot;Khao&quot;},
	[&quot;xap&quot;] = {&quot;Apalachee&quot;},
	[&quot;xaq&quot;] = {&quot;Aquitanian&quot;},
	[&quot;xar&quot;] = {&quot;Karami&quot;},
	[&quot;xas&quot;] = {&quot;Kamas&quot;},
	[&quot;xat&quot;] = {&quot;Katawixi&quot;},
	[&quot;xau&quot;] = {&quot;Kauwera&quot;},
	[&quot;xav&quot;] = {&quot;Xavánte&quot;},
	[&quot;xaw&quot;] = {&quot;Kawaiisu&quot;},
	[&quot;xay&quot;] = {&quot;Kayan Mahakam&quot;},
	[&quot;xbb&quot;] = {&quot;Lower Burdekin&quot;},
	[&quot;xbc&quot;] = {&quot;Bactrian&quot;},
	[&quot;xbd&quot;] = {&quot;Bindal&quot;},
	[&quot;xbe&quot;] = {&quot;Bigambal&quot;},
	[&quot;xbg&quot;] = {&quot;Bunganditj&quot;},
	[&quot;xbi&quot;] = {&quot;Kombio&quot;},
	[&quot;xbj&quot;] = {&quot;Birrpayi&quot;},
	[&quot;xbm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Breton&quot;},
	[&quot;xbn&quot;] = {&quot;Kenaboi&quot;},
	[&quot;xbo&quot;] = {&quot;Bolgarian&quot;},
	[&quot;xbp&quot;] = {&quot;Bibbulman&quot;},
	[&quot;xbr&quot;] = {&quot;Kambera&quot;},
	[&quot;xbw&quot;] = {&quot;Kambiwá&quot;},
	[&quot;xby&quot;] = {&quot;Batjala&quot;, &quot;Batyala&quot;},
	[&quot;xcb&quot;] = {&quot;Cumbric&quot;},
	[&quot;xcc&quot;] = {&quot;Camunic&quot;},
	[&quot;xce&quot;] = {&quot;Celtiberian&quot;},
	[&quot;xcg&quot;] = {&quot;Cisalpine Gaulish&quot;},
	[&quot;xch&quot;] = {&quot;Chemakum&quot;, &quot;Chimakum&quot;},
	[&quot;xcl&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Armenian&quot;},
	[&quot;xcm&quot;] = {&quot;Comecrudo&quot;},
	[&quot;xcn&quot;] = {&quot;Cotoname&quot;},
	[&quot;xco&quot;] = {&quot;Chorasmian&quot;},
	[&quot;xcr&quot;] = {&quot;Carian&quot;},
	[&quot;xct&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Tibetan&quot;},
	[&quot;xcu&quot;] = {&quot;Curonian&quot;},
	[&quot;xcv&quot;] = {&quot;Chuvantsy&quot;},
	[&quot;xcw&quot;] = {&quot;Coahuilteco&quot;},
	[&quot;xcy&quot;] = {&quot;Cayuse&quot;},
	[&quot;xda&quot;] = {&quot;Darkinyung&quot;},
	[&quot;xdc&quot;] = {&quot;Dacian&quot;},
	[&quot;xdk&quot;] = {&quot;Dharuk&quot;},
	[&quot;xdm&quot;] = {&quot;Edomite&quot;},
	[&quot;xdo&quot;] = {&quot;Kwandu&quot;},
	[&quot;xdq&quot;] = {&quot;Kaitag&quot;},
	[&quot;xdy&quot;] = {&quot;Malayic Dayak&quot;},
	[&quot;xeb&quot;] = {&quot;Eblan&quot;},
	[&quot;xed&quot;] = {&quot;Hdi&quot;},
	[&quot;xeg&quot;] = {&quot;ǁXegwi&quot;},
	[&quot;xel&quot;] = {&quot;Kelo&quot;},
	[&quot;xem&quot;] = {&quot;Kembayan&quot;},
	[&quot;xep&quot;] = {&quot;Epi-Olmec&quot;},
	[&quot;xer&quot;] = {&quot;Xerénte&quot;},
	[&quot;xes&quot;] = {&quot;Kesawai&quot;},
	[&quot;xet&quot;] = {&quot;Xetá&quot;},
	[&quot;xeu&quot;] = {&quot;Keoru-Ahia&quot;},
	[&quot;xfa&quot;] = {&quot;Faliscan&quot;},
	[&quot;xga&quot;] = {&quot;Galatian&quot;},
	[&quot;xgb&quot;] = {&quot;Gbin&quot;},
	[&quot;xgd&quot;] = {&quot;Gudang&quot;},
	[&quot;xgf&quot;] = {&quot;Gabrielino-Fernandeño&quot;},
	[&quot;xgg&quot;] = {&quot;Goreng&quot;},
	[&quot;xgi&quot;] = {&quot;Garingbal&quot;},
	[&quot;xgl&quot;] = {&quot;Galindan&quot;},
	[&quot;xgm&quot;] = {&quot;Dharumbal&quot;, &quot;Guwinmal&quot;},
	[&quot;xgn&quot;] = {&quot;Mongolian languages&quot;},
	[&quot;xgr&quot;] = {&quot;Garza&quot;},
	[&quot;xgu&quot;] = {&quot;Unggumi&quot;},
	[&quot;xgw&quot;] = {&quot;Guwa&quot;},
	[&quot;xha&quot;] = {&quot;Harami&quot;},
	[&quot;xhc&quot;] = {&quot;Hunnic&quot;},
	[&quot;xhd&quot;] = {&quot;Hadrami&quot;},
	[&quot;xhe&quot;] = {&quot;Khetrani&quot;},
	[&quot;xhm&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Khmer (1400 to 1850 CE)&quot;},
	[&quot;xhr&quot;] = {&quot;Hernican&quot;},
	[&quot;xht&quot;] = {&quot;Hattic&quot;},
	[&quot;xhu&quot;] = {&quot;Hurrian&quot;},
	[&quot;xhv&quot;] = {&quot;Khua&quot;},
	[&quot;xib&quot;] = {&quot;Iberian&quot;},
	[&quot;xii&quot;] = {&quot;Xiri&quot;},
	[&quot;xil&quot;] = {&quot;Illyrian&quot;},
	[&quot;xin&quot;] = {&quot;Xinca&quot;},
	[&quot;xir&quot;] = {&quot;Xiriâna&quot;},
	[&quot;xis&quot;] = {&quot;Kisan&quot;},
	[&quot;xiv&quot;] = {&quot;Indus Valley Language&quot;},
	[&quot;xiy&quot;] = {&quot;Xipaya&quot;},
	[&quot;xjb&quot;] = {&quot;Minjungbal&quot;},
	[&quot;xjt&quot;] = {&quot;Jaitmatang&quot;},
	[&quot;xka&quot;] = {&quot;Kalkoti&quot;},
	[&quot;xkb&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Nago&quot;},
	[&quot;xkc&quot;] = {&quot;Kho'ini&quot;},
	[&quot;xkd&quot;] = {&quot;Mendalam Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;xke&quot;] = {&quot;Kereho&quot;},
	[&quot;xkf&quot;] = {&quot;Khengkha&quot;},
	[&quot;xkg&quot;] = {&quot;Kagoro&quot;},
	[&quot;xki&quot;] = {&quot;Kenyan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;xkj&quot;] = {&quot;Kajali&quot;},
	[&quot;xkk&quot;] = {&quot;Kachok&quot;, &quot;Kaco'&quot;},
	[&quot;xkl&quot;] = {&quot;Mainstream Kenyah&quot;},
	[&quot;xkn&quot;] = {&quot;Kayan River Kayan&quot;},
	[&quot;xko&quot;] = {&quot;Kiorr&quot;},
	[&quot;xkp&quot;] = {&quot;Kabatei&quot;},
	[&quot;xkq&quot;] = {&quot;Koroni&quot;},
	[&quot;xkr&quot;] = {&quot;Xakriabá&quot;},
	[&quot;xks&quot;] = {&quot;Kumbewaha&quot;},
	[&quot;xkt&quot;] = {&quot;Kantosi&quot;},
	[&quot;xku&quot;] = {&quot;Kaamba&quot;},
	[&quot;xkv&quot;] = {&quot;Kgalagadi&quot;},
	[&quot;xkw&quot;] = {&quot;Kembra&quot;},
	[&quot;xkx&quot;] = {&quot;Karore&quot;},
	[&quot;xky&quot;] = {&quot;Uma' Lasan&quot;},
	[&quot;xkz&quot;] = {&quot;Kurtokha&quot;},
	[&quot;xla&quot;] = {&quot;Kamula&quot;},
	[&quot;xlb&quot;] = {&quot;Loup B&quot;},
	[&quot;xlc&quot;] = {&quot;Lycian&quot;},
	[&quot;xld&quot;] = {&quot;Lydian&quot;},
	[&quot;xle&quot;] = {&quot;Lemnian&quot;},
	[&quot;xlg&quot;] = {&quot;Ligurian (Ancient)&quot;},
	[&quot;xli&quot;] = {&quot;Liburnian&quot;},
	[&quot;xln&quot;] = {&quot;Alanic&quot;},
	[&quot;xlo&quot;] = {&quot;Loup A&quot;},
	[&quot;xlp&quot;] = {&quot;Lepontic&quot;},
	[&quot;xls&quot;] = {&quot;Lusitanian&quot;},
	[&quot;xlu&quot;] = {&quot;Cuneiform Luwian&quot;},
	[&quot;xly&quot;] = {&quot;Elymian&quot;},
	[&quot;xma&quot;] = {&quot;Mushungulu&quot;},
	[&quot;xmb&quot;] = {&quot;Mbonga&quot;},
	[&quot;xmc&quot;] = {&quot;Makhuwa-Marrevone&quot;},
	[&quot;xmd&quot;] = {&quot;Mbudum&quot;},
	[&quot;xme&quot;] = {&quot;Median&quot;},
	[&quot;xmf&quot;] = {&quot;Mingrelian&quot;},
	[&quot;xmg&quot;] = {&quot;Mengaka&quot;},
	[&quot;xmh&quot;] = {&quot;Kugu-Muminh&quot;},
	[&quot;xmj&quot;] = {&quot;Majera&quot;},
	[&quot;xmk&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Macedonian&quot;},
	[&quot;xml&quot;] = {&quot;Malaysian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;xmm&quot;] = {&quot;Manado Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;xmn&quot;] = {&quot;Manichaean Middle Persian&quot;},
	[&quot;xmo&quot;] = {&quot;Morerebi&quot;},
	[&quot;xmp&quot;] = {&quot;Kuku-Mu'inh&quot;},
	[&quot;xmq&quot;] = {&quot;Kuku-Mangk&quot;},
	[&quot;xmr&quot;] = {&quot;Meroitic&quot;},
	[&quot;xms&quot;] = {&quot;Moroccan Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;xmt&quot;] = {&quot;Matbat&quot;},
	[&quot;xmu&quot;] = {&quot;Kamu&quot;},
	[&quot;xmv&quot;] = {&quot;Antankarana Malagasy&quot;, &quot;Tankarana Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;xmw&quot;] = {&quot;Tsimihety Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;xmx&quot;] = {&quot;Salawati&quot;, &quot;Maden&quot;},
	[&quot;xmy&quot;] = {&quot;Mayaguduna&quot;},
	[&quot;xmz&quot;] = {&quot;Mori Bawah&quot;},
	[&quot;xna&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient North Arabian&quot;},
	[&quot;xnb&quot;] = {&quot;Kanakanabu&quot;},
	[&quot;xnd&quot;] = {&quot;Na-Dene languages&quot;},
	[&quot;xng&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Mongolian&quot;},
	[&quot;xnh&quot;] = {&quot;Kuanhua&quot;},
	[&quot;xni&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarigu&quot;},
	[&quot;xnj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngoni (Tanzania)&quot;},
	[&quot;xnk&quot;] = {&quot;Nganakarti&quot;},
	[&quot;xnm&quot;] = {&quot;Ngumbarl&quot;},
	[&quot;xnn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Kankanay&quot;},
	[&quot;xno&quot;] = {&quot;Anglo-Norman&quot;},
	[&quot;xnq&quot;] = {&quot;Ngoni (Mozambique)&quot;},
	[&quot;xnr&quot;] = {&quot;Kangri&quot;},
	[&quot;xns&quot;] = {&quot;Kanashi&quot;},
	[&quot;xnt&quot;] = {&quot;Narragansett&quot;},
	[&quot;xnu&quot;] = {&quot;Nukunul&quot;},
	[&quot;xny&quot;] = {&quot;Nyiyaparli&quot;},
	[&quot;xnz&quot;] = {&quot;Kenzi&quot;, &quot;Mattoki&quot;},
	[&quot;xoc&quot;] = {&quot;O'chi'chi'&quot;},
	[&quot;xod&quot;] = {&quot;Kokoda&quot;},
	[&quot;xog&quot;] = {&quot;Soga&quot;},
	[&quot;xoi&quot;] = {&quot;Kominimung&quot;},
	[&quot;xok&quot;] = {&quot;Xokleng&quot;},
	[&quot;xom&quot;] = {&quot;Komo (Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;xon&quot;] = {&quot;Konkomba&quot;},
	[&quot;xoo&quot;] = {&quot;Xukurú&quot;},
	[&quot;xop&quot;] = {&quot;Kopar&quot;},
	[&quot;xor&quot;] = {&quot;Korubo&quot;},
	[&quot;xow&quot;] = {&quot;Kowaki&quot;},
	[&quot;xpa&quot;] = {&quot;Pirriya&quot;},
	[&quot;xpb&quot;] = {&quot;Northeastern Tasmanian&quot;, &quot;Pyemmairrener&quot;},
	[&quot;xpc&quot;] = {&quot;Pecheneg&quot;},
	[&quot;xpd&quot;] = {&quot;Oyster Bay Tasmanian&quot;},
	[&quot;xpe&quot;] = {&quot;Liberia Kpelle&quot;},
	[&quot;xpf&quot;] = {&quot;Southeast Tasmanian&quot;, &quot;Nuenonne&quot;},
	[&quot;xpg&quot;] = {&quot;Phrygian&quot;},
	[&quot;xph&quot;] = {&quot;North Midlands Tasmanian&quot;, &quot;Tyerrenoterpanner&quot;},
	[&quot;xpi&quot;] = {&quot;Pictish&quot;},
	[&quot;xpj&quot;] = {&quot;Mpalitjanh&quot;},
	[&quot;xpk&quot;] = {&quot;Kulina Pano&quot;},
	[&quot;xpl&quot;] = {&quot;Port Sorell Tasmanian&quot;},
	[&quot;xpm&quot;] = {&quot;Pumpokol&quot;},
	[&quot;xpn&quot;] = {&quot;Kapinawá&quot;},
	[&quot;xpo&quot;] = {&quot;Pochutec&quot;},
	[&quot;xpp&quot;] = {&quot;Puyo-Paekche&quot;},
	[&quot;xpq&quot;] = {&quot;Mohegan-Pequot&quot;},
	[&quot;xpr&quot;] = {&quot;Parthian&quot;},
	[&quot;xps&quot;] = {&quot;Pisidian&quot;},
	[&quot;xpt&quot;] = {&quot;Punthamara&quot;},
	[&quot;xpu&quot;] = {&quot;Punic&quot;},
	[&quot;xpv&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tasmanian&quot;, &quot;Tommeginne&quot;},
	[&quot;xpw&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Tasmanian&quot;, &quot;Peerapper&quot;},
	[&quot;xpx&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Tasmanian&quot;, &quot;Toogee&quot;},
	[&quot;xpy&quot;] = {&quot;Puyo&quot;},
	[&quot;xpz&quot;] = {&quot;Bruny Island Tasmanian&quot;},
	[&quot;xqa&quot;] = {&quot;Karakhanid&quot;},
	[&quot;xqt&quot;] = {&quot;Qatabanian&quot;},
	[&quot;xra&quot;] = {&quot;Krahô&quot;},
	[&quot;xrb&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Karaboro&quot;},
	[&quot;xrd&quot;] = {&quot;Gundungurra&quot;},
	[&quot;xre&quot;] = {&quot;Kreye&quot;},
	[&quot;xrg&quot;] = {&quot;Minang&quot;},
	[&quot;xri&quot;] = {&quot;Krikati-Timbira&quot;},
	[&quot;xrm&quot;] = {&quot;Armazic&quot;},
	[&quot;xrn&quot;] = {&quot;Arin&quot;},
	[&quot;xrr&quot;] = {&quot;Raetic&quot;},
	[&quot;xrt&quot;] = {&quot;Aranama-Tamique&quot;},
	[&quot;xru&quot;] = {&quot;Marriammu&quot;},
	[&quot;xrw&quot;] = {&quot;Karawa&quot;},
	[&quot;xsa&quot;] = {&quot;Sabaean&quot;},
	[&quot;xsb&quot;] = {&quot;Sambal&quot;},
	[&quot;xsc&quot;] = {&quot;Scythian&quot;},
	[&quot;xsd&quot;] = {&quot;Sidetic&quot;},
	[&quot;xse&quot;] = {&quot;Sempan&quot;},
	[&quot;xsh&quot;] = {&quot;Shamang&quot;},
	[&quot;xsi&quot;] = {&quot;Sio&quot;},
	[&quot;xsj&quot;] = {&quot;Subi&quot;},
	[&quot;xsl&quot;] = {&quot;South Slavey&quot;},
	[&quot;xsm&quot;] = {&quot;Kasem&quot;},
	[&quot;xsn&quot;] = {&quot;Sanga (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;xso&quot;] = {&quot;Solano&quot;},
	[&quot;xsp&quot;] = {&quot;Silopi&quot;},
	[&quot;xsq&quot;] = {&quot;Makhuwa-Saka&quot;},
	[&quot;xsr&quot;] = {&quot;Sherpa&quot;},
	[&quot;xsu&quot;] = {&quot;Sanumá&quot;},
	[&quot;xsv&quot;] = {&quot;Sudovian&quot;},
	[&quot;xsy&quot;] = {&quot;Saisiyat&quot;},
	[&quot;xta&quot;] = {&quot;Alcozauca Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtb&quot;] = {&quot;Chazumba Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtc&quot;] = {&quot;Katcha-Kadugli-Miri&quot;},
	[&quot;xtd&quot;] = {&quot;Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xte&quot;] = {&quot;Ketengban&quot;},
	[&quot;xtg&quot;] = {&quot;Transalpine Gaulish&quot;},
	[&quot;xth&quot;] = {&quot;Yitha Yitha&quot;},
	[&quot;xti&quot;] = {&quot;Sinicahua Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtj&quot;] = {&quot;San Juan Teita Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtl&quot;] = {&quot;Tijaltepec Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtm&quot;] = {&quot;Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtn&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xto&quot;] = {&quot;Tokharian A&quot;},
	[&quot;xtp&quot;] = {&quot;San Miguel Piedras Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtq&quot;] = {&quot;Tumshuqese&quot;},
	[&quot;xtr&quot;] = {&quot;Early Tripuri&quot;},
	[&quot;xts&quot;] = {&quot;Sindihui Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtt&quot;] = {&quot;Tacahua Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtu&quot;] = {&quot;Cuyamecalco Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xtv&quot;] = {&quot;Thawa&quot;},
	[&quot;xtw&quot;] = {&quot;Tawandê&quot;},
	[&quot;xty&quot;] = {&quot;Yoloxochitl Mixtec&quot;},
	[&quot;xua&quot;] = {&quot;Alu Kurumba&quot;},
	[&quot;xub&quot;] = {&quot;Betta Kurumba&quot;},
	[&quot;xud&quot;] = {&quot;Umiida&quot;},
	[&quot;xug&quot;] = {&quot;Kunigami&quot;},
	[&quot;xuj&quot;] = {&quot;Jennu Kurumba&quot;},
	[&quot;xul&quot;] = {&quot;Ngunawal&quot;, &quot;Nunukul&quot;},
	[&quot;xum&quot;] = {&quot;Umbrian&quot;},
	[&quot;xun&quot;] = {&quot;Unggaranggu&quot;},
	[&quot;xuo&quot;] = {&quot;Kuo&quot;},
	[&quot;xup&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Umpqua&quot;},
	[&quot;xur&quot;] = {&quot;Urartian&quot;},
	[&quot;xut&quot;] = {&quot;Kuthant&quot;},
	[&quot;xuu&quot;] = {&quot;Kxoe&quot;, &quot;Khwedam&quot;},
	[&quot;xve&quot;] = {&quot;Venetic&quot;},
	[&quot;xvi&quot;] = {&quot;Kamviri&quot;},
	[&quot;xvn&quot;] = {&quot;Vandalic&quot;},
	[&quot;xvo&quot;] = {&quot;Volscian&quot;},
	[&quot;xvs&quot;] = {&quot;Vestinian&quot;},
	[&quot;xwa&quot;] = {&quot;Kwaza&quot;},
	[&quot;xwc&quot;] = {&quot;Woccon&quot;},
	[&quot;xwd&quot;] = {&quot;Wadi Wadi&quot;},
	[&quot;xwe&quot;] = {&quot;Xwela Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;xwg&quot;] = {&quot;Kwegu&quot;},
	[&quot;xwj&quot;] = {&quot;Wajuk&quot;},
	[&quot;xwk&quot;] = {&quot;Wangkumara&quot;},
	[&quot;xwl&quot;] = {&quot;Western Xwla Gbe&quot;},
	[&quot;xwo&quot;] = {&quot;Written Oirat&quot;},
	[&quot;xwr&quot;] = {&quot;Kwerba Mamberamo&quot;},
	[&quot;xwt&quot;] = {&quot;Wotjobaluk&quot;},
	[&quot;xww&quot;] = {&quot;Wemba Wemba&quot;},
	[&quot;xxb&quot;] = {&quot;Boro (Ghana)&quot;},
	[&quot;xxk&quot;] = {&quot;Ke'o&quot;},
	[&quot;xxm&quot;] = {&quot;Minkin&quot;},
	[&quot;xxr&quot;] = {&quot;Koropó&quot;},
	[&quot;xxt&quot;] = {&quot;Tambora&quot;},
	[&quot;xya&quot;] = {&quot;Yaygir&quot;},
	[&quot;xyb&quot;] = {&quot;Yandjibara&quot;},
	[&quot;xyj&quot;] = {&quot;Mayi-Yapi&quot;},
	[&quot;xyk&quot;] = {&quot;Mayi-Kulan&quot;},
	[&quot;xyl&quot;] = {&quot;Yalakalore&quot;},
	[&quot;xyt&quot;] = {&quot;Mayi-Thakurti&quot;},
	[&quot;xyy&quot;] = {&quot;Yorta Yorta&quot;},
	[&quot;xzh&quot;] = {&quot;Zhang-Zhung&quot;},
	[&quot;xzm&quot;] = {&quot;Zemgalian&quot;},
	[&quot;xzp&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;yaa&quot;] = {&quot;Yaminahua&quot;},
	[&quot;yab&quot;] = {&quot;Yuhup&quot;},
	[&quot;yac&quot;] = {&quot;Pass Valley Yali&quot;},
	[&quot;yad&quot;] = {&quot;Yagua&quot;},
	[&quot;yae&quot;] = {&quot;Pumé&quot;},
	[&quot;yaf&quot;] = {&quot;Yaka (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;yag&quot;] = {&quot;Yámana&quot;},
	[&quot;yah&quot;] = {&quot;Yazgulyam&quot;},
	[&quot;yai&quot;] = {&quot;Yagnobi&quot;},
	[&quot;yaj&quot;] = {&quot;Banda-Yangere&quot;},
	[&quot;yak&quot;] = {&quot;Yakama&quot;},
	[&quot;yal&quot;] = {&quot;Yalunka&quot;},
	[&quot;yam&quot;] = {&quot;Yamba&quot;},
	[&quot;yan&quot;] = {&quot;Mayangna&quot;},
	[&quot;yao&quot;] = {&quot;Yao&quot;},
	[&quot;yap&quot;] = {&quot;Yapese&quot;},
	[&quot;yaq&quot;] = {&quot;Yaqui&quot;},
	[&quot;yar&quot;] = {&quot;Yabarana&quot;},
	[&quot;yas&quot;] = {&quot;Nugunu (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;yat&quot;] = {&quot;Yambeta&quot;},
	[&quot;yau&quot;] = {&quot;Yuwana&quot;},
	[&quot;yav&quot;] = {&quot;Yangben&quot;},
	[&quot;yaw&quot;] = {&quot;Yawalapití&quot;},
	[&quot;yax&quot;] = {&quot;Yauma&quot;},
	[&quot;yay&quot;] = {&quot;Agwagwune&quot;},
	[&quot;yaz&quot;] = {&quot;Lokaa&quot;},
	[&quot;yba&quot;] = {&quot;Yala&quot;},
	[&quot;ybb&quot;] = {&quot;Yemba&quot;},
	[&quot;ybe&quot;] = {&quot;West Yugur&quot;},
	[&quot;ybh&quot;] = {&quot;Yakha&quot;},
	[&quot;ybi&quot;] = {&quot;Yamphu&quot;},
	[&quot;ybj&quot;] = {&quot;Hasha&quot;},
	[&quot;ybk&quot;] = {&quot;Bokha&quot;},
	[&quot;ybl&quot;] = {&quot;Yukuben&quot;},
	[&quot;ybm&quot;] = {&quot;Yaben&quot;},
	[&quot;ybn&quot;] = {&quot;Yabaâna&quot;},
	[&quot;ybo&quot;] = {&quot;Yabong&quot;},
	[&quot;ybx&quot;] = {&quot;Yawiyo&quot;},
	[&quot;yby&quot;] = {&quot;Yaweyuha&quot;},
	[&quot;ych&quot;] = {&quot;Chesu&quot;},
	[&quot;ycl&quot;] = {&quot;Lolopo&quot;},
	[&quot;ycn&quot;] = {&quot;Yucuna&quot;},
	[&quot;ycp&quot;] = {&quot;Chepya&quot;},
	[&quot;ycr&quot;] = {&quot;Yilan Creole&quot;},
	[&quot;yda&quot;] = {&quot;Yanda&quot;},
	[&quot;ydd&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Yiddish&quot;},
	[&quot;yde&quot;] = {&quot;Yangum Dey&quot;},
	[&quot;ydg&quot;] = {&quot;Yidgha&quot;},
	[&quot;ydk&quot;] = {&quot;Yoidik&quot;},
	[&quot;yea&quot;] = {&quot;Ravula&quot;},
	[&quot;yec&quot;] = {&quot;Yeniche&quot;},
	[&quot;yee&quot;] = {&quot;Yimas&quot;},
	[&quot;yei&quot;] = {&quot;Yeni&quot;},
	[&quot;yej&quot;] = {&quot;Yevanic&quot;},
	[&quot;yel&quot;] = {&quot;Yela&quot;},
	[&quot;yer&quot;] = {&quot;Tarok&quot;},
	[&quot;yes&quot;] = {&quot;Nyankpa&quot;},
	[&quot;yet&quot;] = {&quot;Yetfa&quot;},
	[&quot;yeu&quot;] = {&quot;Yerukula&quot;},
	[&quot;yev&quot;] = {&quot;Yapunda&quot;},
	[&quot;yey&quot;] = {&quot;Yeyi&quot;},
	[&quot;yga&quot;] = {&quot;Malyangapa&quot;},
	[&quot;ygi&quot;] = {&quot;Yiningayi&quot;},
	[&quot;ygl&quot;] = {&quot;Yangum Gel&quot;},
	[&quot;ygm&quot;] = {&quot;Yagomi&quot;},
	[&quot;ygp&quot;] = {&quot;Gepo&quot;},
	[&quot;ygr&quot;] = {&quot;Yagaria&quot;},
	[&quot;ygs&quot;] = {&quot;Yolŋu Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ygu&quot;] = {&quot;Yugul&quot;},
	[&quot;ygw&quot;] = {&quot;Yagwoia&quot;},
	[&quot;yha&quot;] = {&quot;Baha Buyang&quot;},
	[&quot;yhd&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Iraqi Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;yhl&quot;] = {&quot;Hlepho Phowa&quot;},
	[&quot;yhs&quot;] = {&quot;Yan-nhaŋu Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;yia&quot;] = {&quot;Yinggarda&quot;},
	[&quot;yif&quot;] = {&quot;Ache&quot;},
	[&quot;yig&quot;] = {&quot;Wusa Nasu&quot;},
	[&quot;yih&quot;] = {&quot;Western Yiddish&quot;},
	[&quot;yii&quot;] = {&quot;Yidiny&quot;},
	[&quot;yij&quot;] = {&quot;Yindjibarndi&quot;},
	[&quot;yik&quot;] = {&quot;Dongshanba Lalo&quot;},
	[&quot;yil&quot;] = {&quot;Yindjilandji&quot;},
	[&quot;yim&quot;] = {&quot;Yimchungru Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;yin&quot;] = {&quot;Riang Lai&quot;, &quot;Yinchia&quot;},
	[&quot;yip&quot;] = {&quot;Pholo&quot;},
	[&quot;yiq&quot;] = {&quot;Miqie&quot;},
	[&quot;yir&quot;] = {&quot;North Awyu&quot;},
	[&quot;yis&quot;] = {&quot;Yis&quot;},
	[&quot;yit&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Lalu&quot;},
	[&quot;yiu&quot;] = {&quot;Awu&quot;},
	[&quot;yiv&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Nisu&quot;},
	[&quot;yix&quot;] = {&quot;Axi Yi&quot;},
	[&quot;yiz&quot;] = {&quot;Azhe&quot;},
	[&quot;yka&quot;] = {&quot;Yakan&quot;},
	[&quot;ykg&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Yukaghir&quot;},
	[&quot;ykh&quot;] = {&quot;Khamnigan Mongol&quot;},
	[&quot;yki&quot;] = {&quot;Yoke&quot;},
	[&quot;ykk&quot;] = {&quot;Yakaikeke&quot;},
	[&quot;ykl&quot;] = {&quot;Khlula&quot;},
	[&quot;ykm&quot;] = {&quot;Kap&quot;},
	[&quot;ykn&quot;] = {&quot;Kua-nsi&quot;},
	[&quot;yko&quot;] = {&quot;Yasa&quot;},
	[&quot;ykr&quot;] = {&quot;Yekora&quot;},
	[&quot;ykt&quot;] = {&quot;Kathu&quot;},
	[&quot;yku&quot;] = {&quot;Kuamasi&quot;},
	[&quot;yky&quot;] = {&quot;Yakoma&quot;},
	[&quot;yla&quot;] = {&quot;Yaul&quot;},
	[&quot;ylb&quot;] = {&quot;Yaleba&quot;},
	[&quot;yle&quot;] = {&quot;Yele&quot;},
	[&quot;ylg&quot;] = {&quot;Yelogu&quot;},
	[&quot;yli&quot;] = {&quot;Angguruk Yali&quot;},
	[&quot;yll&quot;] = {&quot;Yil&quot;},
	[&quot;ylm&quot;] = {&quot;Limi&quot;},
	[&quot;yln&quot;] = {&quot;Langnian Buyang&quot;},
	[&quot;ylo&quot;] = {&quot;Naluo Yi&quot;},
	[&quot;ylr&quot;] = {&quot;Yalarnnga&quot;},
	[&quot;ylu&quot;] = {&quot;Aribwaung&quot;},
	[&quot;yly&quot;] = {&quot;Nyâlayu&quot;, &quot;Nyelâyu&quot;},
	[&quot;ymb&quot;] = {&quot;Yambes&quot;},
	[&quot;ymc&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Muji&quot;},
	[&quot;ymd&quot;] = {&quot;Muda&quot;},
	[&quot;yme&quot;] = {&quot;Yameo&quot;},
	[&quot;ymg&quot;] = {&quot;Yamongeri&quot;},
	[&quot;ymh&quot;] = {&quot;Mili&quot;},
	[&quot;ymi&quot;] = {&quot;Moji&quot;},
	[&quot;ymk&quot;] = {&quot;Makwe&quot;},
	[&quot;yml&quot;] = {&quot;Iamalele&quot;},
	[&quot;ymm&quot;] = {&quot;Maay&quot;},
	[&quot;ymn&quot;] = {&quot;Yamna&quot;, &quot;Sunum&quot;},
	[&quot;ymo&quot;] = {&quot;Yangum Mon&quot;},
	[&quot;ymp&quot;] = {&quot;Yamap&quot;},
	[&quot;ymq&quot;] = {&quot;Qila Muji&quot;},
	[&quot;ymr&quot;] = {&quot;Malasar&quot;},
	[&quot;yms&quot;] = {&quot;Mysian&quot;},
	[&quot;ymx&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Muji&quot;},
	[&quot;ymz&quot;] = {&quot;Muzi&quot;},
	[&quot;yna&quot;] = {&quot;Aluo&quot;},
	[&quot;ynb&quot;] = {&quot;Yamben&quot;},
	[&quot;ynd&quot;] = {&quot;Yandruwandha&quot;},
	[&quot;yne&quot;] = {&quot;Lang'e&quot;},
	[&quot;yng&quot;] = {&quot;Yango&quot;},
	[&quot;ynk&quot;] = {&quot;Naukan Yupik&quot;},
	[&quot;ynl&quot;] = {&quot;Yangulam&quot;},
	[&quot;ynn&quot;] = {&quot;Yana&quot;},
	[&quot;yno&quot;] = {&quot;Yong&quot;},
	[&quot;ynq&quot;] = {&quot;Yendang&quot;},
	[&quot;yns&quot;] = {&quot;Yansi&quot;},
	[&quot;ynu&quot;] = {&quot;Yahuna&quot;},
	[&quot;yob&quot;] = {&quot;Yoba&quot;},
	[&quot;yog&quot;] = {&quot;Yogad&quot;},
	[&quot;yoi&quot;] = {&quot;Yonaguni&quot;},
	[&quot;yok&quot;] = {&quot;Yokuts&quot;},
	[&quot;yom&quot;] = {&quot;Yombe&quot;},
	[&quot;yon&quot;] = {&quot;Yongkom&quot;},
	[&quot;yot&quot;] = {&quot;Yotti&quot;},
	[&quot;yox&quot;] = {&quot;Yoron&quot;},
	[&quot;yoy&quot;] = {&quot;Yoy&quot;},
	[&quot;ypa&quot;] = {&quot;Phala&quot;},
	[&quot;ypb&quot;] = {&quot;Labo Phowa&quot;},
	[&quot;ypg&quot;] = {&quot;Phola&quot;},
	[&quot;yph&quot;] = {&quot;Phupha&quot;},
	[&quot;ypk&quot;] = {&quot;Yupik languages&quot;},
	[&quot;ypm&quot;] = {&quot;Phuma&quot;},
	[&quot;ypn&quot;] = {&quot;Ani Phowa&quot;},
	[&quot;ypo&quot;] = {&quot;Alo Phola&quot;},
	[&quot;ypp&quot;] = {&quot;Phupa&quot;},
	[&quot;ypz&quot;] = {&quot;Phuza&quot;},
	[&quot;yra&quot;] = {&quot;Yerakai&quot;},
	[&quot;yrb&quot;] = {&quot;Yareba&quot;},
	[&quot;yre&quot;] = {&quot;Yaouré&quot;},
	[&quot;yrk&quot;] = {&quot;Nenets&quot;},
	[&quot;yrl&quot;] = {&quot;Nhengatu&quot;},
	[&quot;yrm&quot;] = {&quot;Yirrk-Mel&quot;},
	[&quot;yrn&quot;] = {&quot;Yerong&quot;},
	[&quot;yro&quot;] = {&quot;Yaroamë&quot;},
	[&quot;yrs&quot;] = {&quot;Yarsun&quot;},
	[&quot;yrw&quot;] = {&quot;Yarawata&quot;},
	[&quot;yry&quot;] = {&quot;Yarluyandi&quot;},
	[&quot;ysc&quot;] = {&quot;Yassic&quot;},
	[&quot;ysd&quot;] = {&quot;Samatao&quot;},
	[&quot;ysg&quot;] = {&quot;Sonaga&quot;},
	[&quot;ysl&quot;] = {&quot;Yugoslavian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ysm&quot;] = {&quot;Myanmar Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;ysn&quot;] = {&quot;Sani&quot;},
	[&quot;yso&quot;] = {&quot;Nisi (China)&quot;},
	[&quot;ysp&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Lolopo&quot;},
	[&quot;ysr&quot;] = {&quot;Sirenik Yupik&quot;},
	[&quot;yss&quot;] = {&quot;Yessan-Mayo&quot;},
	[&quot;ysy&quot;] = {&quot;Sanie&quot;},
	[&quot;yta&quot;] = {&quot;Talu&quot;},
	[&quot;ytl&quot;] = {&quot;Tanglang&quot;},
	[&quot;ytp&quot;] = {&quot;Thopho&quot;},
	[&quot;ytw&quot;] = {&quot;Yout Wam&quot;},
	[&quot;yty&quot;] = {&quot;Yatay&quot;},
	[&quot;yua&quot;] = {&quot;Yucateco&quot;, &quot;Yucatec Maya&quot;},
	[&quot;yub&quot;] = {&quot;Yugambal&quot;},
	[&quot;yuc&quot;] = {&quot;Yuchi&quot;},
	[&quot;yud&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;yue&quot;] = {&quot;Yue Chinese&quot;, &quot;Cantonese&quot;},
	[&quot;yuf&quot;] = {&quot;Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai&quot;},
	[&quot;yug&quot;] = {&quot;Yug&quot;},
	[&quot;yui&quot;] = {&quot;Yurutí&quot;},
	[&quot;yuj&quot;] = {&quot;Karkar-Yuri&quot;},
	[&quot;yuk&quot;] = {&quot;Yuki&quot;},
	[&quot;yul&quot;] = {&quot;Yulu&quot;},
	[&quot;yum&quot;] = {&quot;Quechan&quot;},
	[&quot;yun&quot;] = {&quot;Bena (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;yup&quot;] = {&quot;Yukpa&quot;},
	[&quot;yuq&quot;] = {&quot;Yuqui&quot;},
	[&quot;yur&quot;] = {&quot;Yurok&quot;},
	[&quot;yut&quot;] = {&quot;Yopno&quot;},
	[&quot;yuw&quot;] = {&quot;Yau (Morobe Province)&quot;},
	[&quot;yux&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Yukaghir&quot;},
	[&quot;yuy&quot;] = {&quot;East Yugur&quot;},
	[&quot;yuz&quot;] = {&quot;Yuracare&quot;},
	[&quot;yva&quot;] = {&quot;Yawa&quot;},
	[&quot;yvt&quot;] = {&quot;Yavitero&quot;},
	[&quot;ywa&quot;] = {&quot;Kalou&quot;},
	[&quot;ywg&quot;] = {&quot;Yinhawangka&quot;},
	[&quot;ywl&quot;] = {&quot;Western Lalu&quot;},
	[&quot;ywn&quot;] = {&quot;Yawanawa&quot;},
	[&quot;ywq&quot;] = {&quot;Wuding-Luquan Yi&quot;},
	[&quot;ywr&quot;] = {&quot;Yawuru&quot;},
	[&quot;ywt&quot;] = {&quot;Xishanba Lalo&quot;, &quot;Central Lalo&quot;},
	[&quot;ywu&quot;] = {&quot;Wumeng Nasu&quot;},
	[&quot;yww&quot;] = {&quot;Yawarawarga&quot;},
	[&quot;yxa&quot;] = {&quot;Mayawali&quot;},
	[&quot;yxg&quot;] = {&quot;Yagara&quot;},
	[&quot;yxl&quot;] = {&quot;Yardliyawarra&quot;},
	[&quot;yxm&quot;] = {&quot;Yinwum&quot;},
	[&quot;yxu&quot;] = {&quot;Yuyu&quot;},
	[&quot;yxy&quot;] = {&quot;Yabula Yabula&quot;},
	[&quot;yyr&quot;] = {&quot;Yir Yoront&quot;},
	[&quot;yyu&quot;] = {&quot;Yau (Sandaun Province)&quot;},
	[&quot;yyz&quot;] = {&quot;Ayizi&quot;},
	[&quot;yzg&quot;] = {&quot;E'ma Buyang&quot;},
	[&quot;yzk&quot;] = {&quot;Zokhuo&quot;},
	[&quot;zaa&quot;] = {&quot;Sierra de Juárez Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zab&quot;] = {&quot;Western Tlacolula Valley Zapotec&quot;, &quot;San Juan Guelavía Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zac&quot;] = {&quot;Ocotlán Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zad&quot;] = {&quot;Cajonos Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zae&quot;] = {&quot;Yareni Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zaf&quot;] = {&quot;Ayoquesco Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zag&quot;] = {&quot;Zaghawa&quot;},
	[&quot;zah&quot;] = {&quot;Zangwal&quot;},
	[&quot;zai&quot;] = {&quot;Isthmus Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zaj&quot;] = {&quot;Zaramo&quot;},
	[&quot;zak&quot;] = {&quot;Zanaki&quot;},
	[&quot;zal&quot;] = {&quot;Zauzou&quot;},
	[&quot;zam&quot;] = {&quot;Miahuatlán Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zao&quot;] = {&quot;Ozolotepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zap&quot;] = {&quot;Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zaq&quot;] = {&quot;Aloápam Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zar&quot;] = {&quot;Rincón Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zas&quot;] = {&quot;Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zat&quot;] = {&quot;Tabaa Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zau&quot;] = {&quot;Zangskari&quot;},
	[&quot;zav&quot;] = {&quot;Yatzachi Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zaw&quot;] = {&quot;Mitla Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zax&quot;] = {&quot;Xadani Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zay&quot;] = {&quot;Zayse-Zergulla&quot;, &quot;Zaysete&quot;},
	[&quot;zaz&quot;] = {&quot;Zari&quot;},
	[&quot;zba&quot;] = {&quot;Balaibalan&quot;},
	[&quot;zbc&quot;] = {&quot;Central Berawan&quot;},
	[&quot;zbe&quot;] = {&quot;East Berawan&quot;},
	[&quot;zbl&quot;] = {&quot;Blissymbols&quot;, &quot;Bliss&quot;, &quot;Blissymbolics&quot;},
	[&quot;zbt&quot;] = {&quot;Batui&quot;},
	[&quot;zbu&quot;] = {&quot;Bu (Bauchi State)&quot;},
	[&quot;zbw&quot;] = {&quot;West Berawan&quot;},
	[&quot;zca&quot;] = {&quot;Coatecas Altas Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zcd&quot;] = {&quot;Las Delicias Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zch&quot;] = {&quot;Central Hongshuihe Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zdj&quot;] = {&quot;Ngazidja Comorian&quot;},
	[&quot;zea&quot;] = {&quot;Zeeuws&quot;},
	[&quot;zeg&quot;] = {&quot;Zenag&quot;},
	[&quot;zeh&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Hongshuihe Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zem&quot;] = {&quot;Zeem&quot;},
	[&quot;zen&quot;] = {&quot;Zenaga&quot;},
	[&quot;zga&quot;] = {&quot;Kinga&quot;},
	[&quot;zgb&quot;] = {&quot;Guibei Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zgh&quot;] = {&quot;Standard Moroccan Tamazight&quot;},
	[&quot;zgm&quot;] = {&quot;Minz Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zgn&quot;] = {&quot;Guibian Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zgr&quot;] = {&quot;Magori&quot;},
	[&quot;zhb&quot;] = {&quot;Zhaba&quot;},
	[&quot;zhd&quot;] = {&quot;Dai Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zhi&quot;] = {&quot;Zhire&quot;},
	[&quot;zhn&quot;] = {&quot;Nong Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zhw&quot;] = {&quot;Zhoa&quot;},
	[&quot;zhx&quot;] = {&quot;Chinese (family)&quot;},
	[&quot;zia&quot;] = {&quot;Zia&quot;},
	[&quot;zib&quot;] = {&quot;Zimbabwe Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;zik&quot;] = {&quot;Zimakani&quot;},
	[&quot;zil&quot;] = {&quot;Zialo&quot;},
	[&quot;zim&quot;] = {&quot;Mesme&quot;},
	[&quot;zin&quot;] = {&quot;Zinza&quot;},
	[&quot;ziw&quot;] = {&quot;Zigula&quot;},
	[&quot;ziz&quot;] = {&quot;Zizilivakan&quot;},
	[&quot;zka&quot;] = {&quot;Kaimbulawa&quot;},
	[&quot;zkd&quot;] = {&quot;Kadu&quot;},
	[&quot;zkg&quot;] = {&quot;Koguryo&quot;},
	[&quot;zkh&quot;] = {&quot;Khorezmian&quot;},
	[&quot;zkk&quot;] = {&quot;Karankawa&quot;},
	[&quot;zkn&quot;] = {&quot;Kanan&quot;},
	[&quot;zko&quot;] = {&quot;Kott&quot;},
	[&quot;zkp&quot;] = {&quot;São Paulo Kaingáng&quot;},
	[&quot;zkr&quot;] = {&quot;Zakhring&quot;},
	[&quot;zkt&quot;] = {&quot;Kitan&quot;},
	[&quot;zku&quot;] = {&quot;Kaurna&quot;},
	[&quot;zkv&quot;] = {&quot;Krevinian&quot;},
	[&quot;zkz&quot;] = {&quot;Khazar&quot;},
	[&quot;zla&quot;] = {&quot;Zula&quot;},
	[&quot;zle&quot;] = {&quot;East Slavic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;zlj&quot;] = {&quot;Liujiang Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zlm&quot;] = {&quot;Malay (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;zln&quot;] = {&quot;Lianshan Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zlq&quot;] = {&quot;Liuqian Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zls&quot;] = {&quot;South Slavic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;zlu&quot;] = {&quot;Zul&quot;},
	[&quot;zlw&quot;] = {&quot;West Slavic languages&quot;},
	[&quot;zma&quot;] = {&quot;Manda (Australia)&quot;},
	[&quot;zmb&quot;] = {&quot;Zimba&quot;},
	[&quot;zmc&quot;] = {&quot;Margany&quot;},
	[&quot;zmd&quot;] = {&quot;Maridan&quot;},
	[&quot;zme&quot;] = {&quot;Mangerr&quot;},
	[&quot;zmf&quot;] = {&quot;Mfinu&quot;},
	[&quot;zmg&quot;] = {&quot;Marti Ke&quot;},
	[&quot;zmh&quot;] = {&quot;Makolkol&quot;},
	[&quot;zmi&quot;] = {&quot;Negeri Sembilan Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;zmj&quot;] = {&quot;Maridjabin&quot;},
	[&quot;zmk&quot;] = {&quot;Mandandanyi&quot;},
	[&quot;zml&quot;] = {&quot;Matngala&quot;},
	[&quot;zmm&quot;] = {&quot;Marimanindji&quot;, &quot;Marramaninyshi&quot;},
	[&quot;zmn&quot;] = {&quot;Mbangwe&quot;},
	[&quot;zmo&quot;] = {&quot;Molo&quot;},
	[&quot;zmp&quot;] = {&quot;Mbuun&quot;},
	[&quot;zmq&quot;] = {&quot;Mituku&quot;},
	[&quot;zmr&quot;] = {&quot;Maranunggu&quot;},
	[&quot;zms&quot;] = {&quot;Mbesa&quot;},
	[&quot;zmt&quot;] = {&quot;Maringarr&quot;},
	[&quot;zmu&quot;] = {&quot;Muruwari&quot;},
	[&quot;zmv&quot;] = {&quot;Mbariman-Gudhinma&quot;},
	[&quot;zmw&quot;] = {&quot;Mbo (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;zmx&quot;] = {&quot;Bomitaba&quot;},
	[&quot;zmy&quot;] = {&quot;Mariyedi&quot;},
	[&quot;zmz&quot;] = {&quot;Mbandja&quot;},
	[&quot;zna&quot;] = {&quot;Zan Gula&quot;},
	[&quot;znd&quot;] = {&quot;Zande languages&quot;},
	[&quot;zne&quot;] = {&quot;Zande (individual language)&quot;},
	[&quot;zng&quot;] = {&quot;Mang&quot;},
	[&quot;znk&quot;] = {&quot;Manangkari&quot;},
	[&quot;zns&quot;] = {&quot;Mangas&quot;},
	[&quot;zoc&quot;] = {&quot;Copainalá Zoque&quot;},
	[&quot;zoh&quot;] = {&quot;Chimalapa Zoque&quot;},
	[&quot;zom&quot;] = {&quot;Zou&quot;},
	[&quot;zoo&quot;] = {&quot;Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zoq&quot;] = {&quot;Tabasco Zoque&quot;},
	[&quot;zor&quot;] = {&quot;Rayón Zoque&quot;},
	[&quot;zos&quot;] = {&quot;Francisco León Zoque&quot;},
	[&quot;zpa&quot;] = {&quot;Lachiguiri Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpb&quot;] = {&quot;Yautepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpc&quot;] = {&quot;Choapan Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpd&quot;] = {&quot;Southeastern Ixtlán Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpe&quot;] = {&quot;Petapa Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpf&quot;] = {&quot;San Pedro Quiatoni Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpg&quot;] = {&quot;Guevea De Humboldt Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zph&quot;] = {&quot;Totomachapan Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpi&quot;] = {&quot;Santa María Quiegolani Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpj&quot;] = {&quot;Quiavicuzas Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpk&quot;] = {&quot;Tlacolulita Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpl&quot;] = {&quot;Lachixío Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpm&quot;] = {&quot;Mixtepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpn&quot;] = {&quot;Santa Inés Yatzechi Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpo&quot;] = {&quot;Amatlán Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpp&quot;] = {&quot;El Alto Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpq&quot;] = {&quot;Zoogocho Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpr&quot;] = {&quot;Santiago Xanica Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zps&quot;] = {&quot;Coatlán Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpt&quot;] = {&quot;San Vicente Coatlán Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpu&quot;] = {&quot;Yalálag Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpv&quot;] = {&quot;Chichicapan Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpw&quot;] = {&quot;Zaniza Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpx&quot;] = {&quot;San Baltazar Loxicha Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpy&quot;] = {&quot;Mazaltepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zpz&quot;] = {&quot;Texmelucan Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zqe&quot;] = {&quot;Qiubei Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zra&quot;] = {&quot;Kara (Korea)&quot;},
	[&quot;zrg&quot;] = {&quot;Mirgan&quot;},
	[&quot;zrn&quot;] = {&quot;Zerenkel&quot;},
	[&quot;zro&quot;] = {&quot;Záparo&quot;},
	[&quot;zrp&quot;] = {&quot;Zarphatic&quot;},
	[&quot;zrs&quot;] = {&quot;Mairasi&quot;},
	[&quot;zsa&quot;] = {&quot;Sarasira&quot;},
	[&quot;zsk&quot;] = {&quot;Kaskean&quot;},
	[&quot;zsl&quot;] = {&quot;Zambian Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;zsm&quot;] = {&quot;Standard Malay&quot;},
	[&quot;zsr&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Rincon Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zsu&quot;] = {&quot;Sukurum&quot;},
	[&quot;zte&quot;] = {&quot;Elotepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztg&quot;] = {&quot;Xanaguía Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztl&quot;] = {&quot;Lapaguía-Guivini Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztm&quot;] = {&quot;San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztn&quot;] = {&quot;Santa Catarina Albarradas Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztp&quot;] = {&quot;Loxicha Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztq&quot;] = {&quot;Quioquitani-Quierí Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zts&quot;] = {&quot;Tilquiapan Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztt&quot;] = {&quot;Tejalapan Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztu&quot;] = {&quot;Güilá Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;ztx&quot;] = {&quot;Zaachila Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zty&quot;] = {&quot;Yatee Zapotec&quot;},
	[&quot;zuh&quot;] = {&quot;Tokano&quot;},
	[&quot;zum&quot;] = {&quot;Kumzari&quot;},
	[&quot;zun&quot;] = {&quot;Zuni&quot;},
	[&quot;zuy&quot;] = {&quot;Zumaya&quot;},
	[&quot;zwa&quot;] = {&quot;Zay&quot;},
	[&quot;zxx&quot;] = {&quot;No linguistic content&quot;, &quot;Not applicable&quot;},
	[&quot;zyb&quot;] = {&quot;Yongbei Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zyg&quot;] = {&quot;Yang Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zyj&quot;] = {&quot;Youjiang Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zyn&quot;] = {&quot;Yongnan Zhuang&quot;},
	[&quot;zyp&quot;] = {&quot;Zyphe Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;zza&quot;] = {&quot;Zaza&quot;, &quot;Dimili&quot;, &quot;Dimli (macrolanguage)&quot;, &quot;Kirdki&quot;, &quot;Kirmanjki (macrolanguage)&quot;, &quot;Zazaki&quot;},
	[&quot;zzj&quot;] = {&quot;Zuojiang Zhuang&quot;}
	}

local deprecated = {
	[&quot;in&quot;] = {&quot;Indonesian&quot;},
	[&quot;iw&quot;] = {&quot;Hebrew&quot;},
	[&quot;ji&quot;] = {&quot;Yiddish&quot;},
	[&quot;jw&quot;] = {&quot;Javanese&quot;},
	[&quot;mo&quot;] = {&quot;Moldavian&quot;, &quot;Moldovan&quot;},
	[&quot;aam&quot;] = {&quot;Aramanik&quot;},
	[&quot;adp&quot;] = {&quot;Adap&quot;},
	[&quot;agp&quot;] = {&quot;Paranan&quot;},
	[&quot;ais&quot;] = {&quot;Nataoran Amis&quot;},
	[&quot;ajp&quot;] = {&quot;South Levantine Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;ajt&quot;] = {&quot;Judeo-Tunisian Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;aoh&quot;] = {&quot;Arma&quot;},
	[&quot;asd&quot;] = {&quot;Asas&quot;},
	[&quot;aue&quot;] = {&quot;ǂKxʼauǁʼein&quot;},
	[&quot;ayx&quot;] = {&quot;Ayi (China)&quot;},
	[&quot;ayy&quot;] = {&quot;Tayabas Ayta&quot;},
	[&quot;baz&quot;] = {&quot;Tunen&quot;},
	[&quot;bbz&quot;] = {&quot;Babalia Creole Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;bgm&quot;] = {&quot;Baga Mboteni&quot;},
	[&quot;bhk&quot;] = {&quot;Albay Bicolano&quot;},
	[&quot;bic&quot;] = {&quot;Bikaru&quot;},
	[&quot;bij&quot;] = {&quot;Vaghat-Ya-Bijim-Legeri&quot;},
	[&quot;bjd&quot;] = {&quot;Bandjigali&quot;},
	[&quot;bjq&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy&quot;},
	[&quot;bkb&quot;] = {&quot;Finallig&quot;},
	[&quot;blg&quot;] = {&quot;Balau&quot;},
	[&quot;bmy&quot;] = {&quot;Bemba (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;bpb&quot;] = {&quot;Barbacoas&quot;},
	[&quot;btb&quot;] = {&quot;Beti (Cameroon)&quot;},
	[&quot;btl&quot;] = {&quot;Bhatola&quot;},
	[&quot;bxx&quot;] = {&quot;Borna (Democratic Republic of Congo)&quot;},
	[&quot;byy&quot;] = {&quot;Buya&quot;},
	[&quot;cbe&quot;] = {&quot;Chipiajes&quot;},
	[&quot;cbh&quot;] = {&quot;Cagua&quot;},
	[&quot;cca&quot;] = {&quot;Cauca&quot;},
	[&quot;ccq&quot;] = {&quot;Chaungtha&quot;},
	[&quot;cdg&quot;] = {&quot;Chamari&quot;},
	[&quot;cjr&quot;] = {&quot;Chorotega&quot;},
	[&quot;cka&quot;] = {&quot;Khumi Awa Chin&quot;},
	[&quot;cmk&quot;] = {&quot;Chimakum&quot;},
	[&quot;coy&quot;] = {&quot;Coyaima&quot;},
	[&quot;cqu&quot;] = {&quot;Chilean Quechua&quot;},
	[&quot;cug&quot;] = {&quot;Chungmboko&quot;, &quot;Cung&quot;},
	[&quot;cum&quot;] = {&quot;Cumeral&quot;},
	[&quot;daf&quot;] = {&quot;Dan&quot;},
	[&quot;dap&quot;] = {&quot;Nisi (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;dek&quot;] = {&quot;Dek&quot;},
	[&quot;dgu&quot;] = {&quot;Degaru&quot;},
	[&quot;dha&quot;] = {&quot;Dhanwar (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;dit&quot;] = {&quot;Dirari&quot;},
	[&quot;djl&quot;] = {&quot;Djiwarli&quot;},
	[&quot;dkl&quot;] = {&quot;Kolum So Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;drh&quot;] = {&quot;Darkhat&quot;},
	[&quot;drr&quot;] = {&quot;Dororo&quot;},
	[&quot;drw&quot;] = {&quot;Darwazi&quot;},
	[&quot;dud&quot;] = {&quot;Hun-Saare&quot;},
	[&quot;duj&quot;] = {&quot;Dhuwal&quot;},
	[&quot;dwl&quot;] = {&quot;Walo Kumbe Dogon&quot;},
	[&quot;ekc&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Karnic&quot;},
	[&quot;elp&quot;] = {&quot;Elpaputih&quot;},
	[&quot;emo&quot;] = {&quot;Emok&quot;},
	[&quot;gav&quot;] = {&quot;Gabutamon&quot;},
	[&quot;gbc&quot;] = {&quot;Garawa&quot;},
	[&quot;gfx&quot;] = {&quot;Mangetti Dune ǃXung&quot;},
	[&quot;ggn&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Gurung&quot;},
	[&quot;ggo&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;ggr&quot;] = {&quot;Aghu Tharnggalu&quot;},
	[&quot;gio&quot;] = {&quot;Gelao&quot;},
	[&quot;gji&quot;] = {&quot;Geji&quot;},
	[&quot;gli&quot;] = {&quot;Guliguli&quot;},
	[&quot;gti&quot;] = {&quot;Gbati-ri&quot;},
	[&quot;guv&quot;] = {&quot;Gey&quot;},
	[&quot;hrr&quot;] = {&quot;Horuru&quot;},
	[&quot;iap&quot;] = {&quot;Iapama&quot;},
	[&quot;ibi&quot;] = {&quot;Ibilo&quot;},
	[&quot;ill&quot;] = {&quot;Iranun&quot;},
	[&quot;ilw&quot;] = {&quot;Talur&quot;},
	[&quot;ime&quot;] = {&quot;Imeraguen&quot;},
	[&quot;izi&quot;] = {&quot;Izi-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo&quot;},
	[&quot;jar&quot;] = {&quot;Jarawa (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;jeg&quot;] = {&quot;Jeng&quot;},
	[&quot;kbf&quot;] = {&quot;Kakauhua&quot;},
	[&quot;kdv&quot;] = {&quot;Kado&quot;},
	[&quot;kgc&quot;] = {&quot;Kasseng&quot;},
	[&quot;kgd&quot;] = {&quot;Kataang&quot;},
	[&quot;kgh&quot;] = {&quot;Upper Tanudan Kalinga&quot;},
	[&quot;kgm&quot;] = {&quot;Karipúna&quot;},
	[&quot;kjf&quot;] = {&quot;Khalaj [Indo-Iranian]&quot;},
	[&quot;koj&quot;] = {&quot;Sara Dunjo&quot;},
	[&quot;kox&quot;] = {&quot;Coxima&quot;},
	[&quot;kpp&quot;] = {&quot;Paku Karen&quot;},
	[&quot;krm&quot;] = {&quot;Krim&quot;},
	[&quot;ksa&quot;] = {&quot;Shuwa-Zamani&quot;},
	[&quot;ktr&quot;] = {&quot;Kota Marudu Tinagas&quot;},
	[&quot;kvs&quot;] = {&quot;Kunggara&quot;},
	[&quot;kwq&quot;] = {&quot;Kwak&quot;},
	[&quot;kxe&quot;] = {&quot;Kakihum&quot;},
	[&quot;kxl&quot;] = {&quot;Nepali Kurux&quot;},
	[&quot;kxu&quot;] = {&quot;Kui (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;kzh&quot;] = {&quot;Kenuzi-Dongola&quot;},
	[&quot;kzj&quot;] = {&quot;Coastal Kadazan&quot;},
	[&quot;kzt&quot;] = {&quot;Tambunan Dusun&quot;},
	[&quot;lak&quot;] = {&quot;Laka (Nigeria)&quot;},
	[&quot;lba&quot;] = {&quot;Lui&quot;},
	[&quot;leg&quot;] = {&quot;Lengua&quot;},
	[&quot;lii&quot;] = {&quot;Lingkhim&quot;},
	[&quot;llo&quot;] = {&quot;Khlor&quot;},
	[&quot;lmm&quot;] = {&quot;Lamam&quot;},
	[&quot;lmz&quot;] = {&quot;Lumbee&quot;},
	[&quot;lno&quot;] = {&quot;Lango (South Sudan)&quot;},
	[&quot;lsg&quot;] = {&quot;Lyons Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;meg&quot;] = {&quot;Mea&quot;},
	[&quot;mgx&quot;] = {&quot;Omati&quot;},
	[&quot;mhh&quot;] = {&quot;Maskoy Pidgin&quot;},
	[&quot;mja&quot;] = {&quot;Mahei&quot;},
	[&quot;mld&quot;] = {&quot;Malakhel&quot;},
	[&quot;mnt&quot;] = {&quot;Maykulan&quot;},
	[&quot;mof&quot;] = {&quot;Mohegan-Montauk-Narragansett&quot;},
	[&quot;mst&quot;] = {&quot;Cataelano Mandaya&quot;},
	[&quot;mvm&quot;] = {&quot;Muya&quot;},
	[&quot;mwd&quot;] = {&quot;Mudbura&quot;},
	[&quot;mwj&quot;] = {&quot;Maligo&quot;},
	[&quot;mwx&quot;] = {&quot;Mediak&quot;},
	[&quot;mwy&quot;] = {&quot;Mosiro&quot;},
	[&quot;myd&quot;] = {&quot;Maramba&quot;},
	[&quot;myi&quot;] = {&quot;Mina (India)&quot;},
	[&quot;myq&quot;] = {&quot;Forest Maninka&quot;},
	[&quot;myt&quot;] = {&quot;Sangab Mandaya&quot;},
	[&quot;nad&quot;] = {&quot;Nijadali&quot;},
	[&quot;nbf&quot;] = {&quot;Naxi&quot;},
	[&quot;nbx&quot;] = {&quot;Ngura&quot;},
	[&quot;ncp&quot;] = {&quot;Ndaktup&quot;},
	[&quot;ngo&quot;] = {&quot;Ngoni&quot;},
	[&quot;nln&quot;] = {&quot;Durango Nahuatl&quot;},
	[&quot;nlr&quot;] = {&quot;Ngarla&quot;},
	[&quot;nns&quot;] = {&quot;Ningye&quot;},
	[&quot;nnx&quot;] = {&quot;Ngong&quot;},
	[&quot;nom&quot;] = {&quot;Nocamán&quot;},
	[&quot;noo&quot;] = {&quot;Nootka&quot;},
	[&quot;nte&quot;] = {&quot;Nathembo&quot;},
	[&quot;nts&quot;] = {&quot;Natagaimas&quot;},
	[&quot;nxu&quot;] = {&quot;Narau&quot;},
	[&quot;ome&quot;] = {&quot;Omejes&quot;},
	[&quot;oun&quot;] = {&quot;ǃOǃung&quot;},
	[&quot;pat&quot;] = {&quot;Papitalai&quot;},
	[&quot;pbz&quot;] = {&quot;Palu&quot;},
	[&quot;pcr&quot;] = {&quot;Panang&quot;},
	[&quot;pgy&quot;] = {&quot;Pongyong&quot;},
	[&quot;pii&quot;] = {&quot;Pini&quot;},
	[&quot;plj&quot;] = {&quot;Polci&quot;},
	[&quot;plp&quot;] = {&quot;Palpa&quot;},
	[&quot;pmc&quot;] = {&quot;Palumata&quot;},
	[&quot;pmk&quot;] = {&quot;Pamlico&quot;},
	[&quot;pmu&quot;] = {&quot;Mirpur Panjabi&quot;},
	[&quot;pod&quot;] = {&quot;Ponares&quot;},
	[&quot;ppa&quot;] = {&quot;Pao&quot;},
	[&quot;ppr&quot;] = {&quot;Piru&quot;},
	[&quot;prb&quot;] = {&quot;Lua'&quot;},
	[&quot;prp&quot;] = {&quot;Parsi&quot;},
	[&quot;pry&quot;] = {&quot;Pray 3&quot;},
	[&quot;puk&quot;] = {&quot;Pu Ko&quot;},
	[&quot;puz&quot;] = {&quot;Purum Naga&quot;},
	[&quot;rie&quot;] = {&quot;Rien&quot;},
	[&quot;rmr&quot;] = {&quot;Caló&quot;},
	[&quot;rna&quot;] = {&quot;Runa&quot;},
	[&quot;rsi&quot;] = {&quot;Rennellese Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;sap&quot;] = {&quot;Sanapaná&quot;},
	[&quot;sca&quot;] = {&quot;Sansu&quot;},
	[&quot;sdm&quot;] = {&quot;Semandang&quot;},
	[&quot;sgl&quot;] = {&quot;Sanglechi-Ishkashimi&quot;},
	[&quot;sgo&quot;] = {&quot;Songa&quot;},
	[&quot;skk&quot;] = {&quot;Sok&quot;},
	[&quot;slq&quot;] = {&quot;Salchuq&quot;},
	[&quot;smd&quot;] = {&quot;Sama&quot;},
	[&quot;snb&quot;] = {&quot;Sebuyau&quot;},
	[&quot;snh&quot;] = {&quot;Shinabo&quot;},
	[&quot;sul&quot;] = {&quot;Surigaonon&quot;},
	[&quot;sum&quot;] = {&quot;Sumo-Mayangna&quot;},
	[&quot;svr&quot;] = {&quot;Savara&quot;},
	[&quot;szd&quot;] = {&quot;Seru&quot;},
	[&quot;tbb&quot;] = {&quot;Tapeba&quot;},
	[&quot;tdu&quot;] = {&quot;Tempasuk Dusun&quot;},
	[&quot;tgg&quot;] = {&quot;Tangga&quot;},
	[&quot;thc&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Hang Tong&quot;},
	[&quot;thw&quot;] = {&quot;Thudam&quot;},
	[&quot;thx&quot;] = {&quot;The&quot;},
	[&quot;tid&quot;] = {&quot;Tidong&quot;},
	[&quot;tie&quot;] = {&quot;Tingal&quot;},
	[&quot;tkk&quot;] = {&quot;Takpa&quot;},
	[&quot;tlw&quot;] = {&quot;South Wemale&quot;},
	[&quot;tmk&quot;] = {&quot;Northwestern Tamang&quot;},
	[&quot;tmp&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Mène&quot;},
	[&quot;tne&quot;] = {&quot;Tinoc Kallahan&quot;},
	[&quot;tnf&quot;] = {&quot;Tangshewi&quot;},
	[&quot;toe&quot;] = {&quot;Tomedes&quot;},
	[&quot;tpw&quot;] = {&quot;Tupí&quot;},
	[&quot;tsf&quot;] = {&quot;Southwestern Tamang&quot;},
	[&quot;unp&quot;] = {&quot;Worora&quot;},
	[&quot;uok&quot;] = {&quot;Uokha&quot;},
	[&quot;uun&quot;] = {&quot;Kulon-Pazeh&quot;},
	[&quot;vki&quot;] = {&quot;Ija-Zuba&quot;},
	[&quot;wgw&quot;] = {&quot;Wagawaga&quot;},
	[&quot;wit&quot;] = {&quot;Wintu&quot;},
	[&quot;wiw&quot;] = {&quot;Wirangu&quot;},
	[&quot;wra&quot;] = {&quot;Warapu&quot;},
	[&quot;wrd&quot;] = {&quot;Warduji&quot;},
	[&quot;wya&quot;] = {&quot;Wyandot&quot;},
	[&quot;xba&quot;] = {&quot;Kamba (Brazil)&quot;},
	[&quot;xbx&quot;] = {&quot;Kabixí&quot;},
	[&quot;xia&quot;] = {&quot;Xiandao&quot;},
	[&quot;xip&quot;] = {&quot;Xipináwa&quot;},
	[&quot;xkh&quot;] = {&quot;Karahawyana&quot;},
	[&quot;xrq&quot;] = {&quot;Karranga&quot;},
	[&quot;xss&quot;] = {&quot;Assan&quot;},
	[&quot;xtz&quot;] = {&quot;Tasmanian&quot;},
	[&quot;ybd&quot;] = {&quot;Yangbye&quot;},
	[&quot;yds&quot;] = {&quot;Yiddish Sign Language&quot;},
	[&quot;yen&quot;] = {&quot;Yendang&quot;},
	[&quot;yiy&quot;] = {&quot;Yir Yoront&quot;},
	[&quot;yma&quot;] = {&quot;Yamphe&quot;},
	[&quot;ymt&quot;] = {&quot;Mator-Taygi-Karagas&quot;},
	[&quot;ynh&quot;] = {&quot;Yangho&quot;},
	[&quot;yol&quot;] = {&quot;Yola&quot;},
	[&quot;yos&quot;] = {&quot;Yos&quot;},
	[&quot;yri&quot;] = {&quot;Yarí&quot;},
	[&quot;yuu&quot;] = {&quot;Yugh&quot;},
	[&quot;zir&quot;] = {&quot;Ziriya&quot;},
	[&quot;zkb&quot;] = {&quot;Koibal&quot;},
	[&quot;zua&quot;] = {&quot;Zeem&quot;}
	}

return {
	active = active,
	deprecated = deprecated,
	}</text>
      <sha1>lvtjy4barx2qygel3xiiq0zt2bdqn5t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana languages/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33549</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157762</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:31:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}  This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].  The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this tab...'</comment>
      <origin>157762</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1007" sha1="pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}

This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].

The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are actually present in the source (in which case it is probably better to re-run one of the tools on a new data file).

The data in this table come from records that are not 'Deprecated', do not have a 'Preferred-Value', and are not 'Private use'.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33550</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157763</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:32:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}} {{Language templates}} {{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:Lang/configuration|Module:Lang/data|Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms|Module:Lang/tag from name|Module:Lang/data/is latn data|Module:Lang/langx|Module:Unicode data|Module:Yesno}}  This module exists primarily to provide correct HTML markup for non–English language text where that text is used in the English Wikipedia. It has a secondary purpose of providing correct visual rendering f...'</comment>
      <origin>157763</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4958" sha1="ntvmvb6qg46gcgftsxblza7elr5h5q2" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}
{{Language templates}}
{{Lua|Module:Arguments|Module:Lang/configuration|Module:Lang/data|Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms|Module:Lang/tag from name|Module:Lang/data/is latn data|Module:Lang/langx|Module:Unicode data|Module:Yesno}}

This module exists primarily to provide correct HTML markup for non–English language text where that text is used in the English Wikipedia. It has a secondary purpose of providing correct visual rendering for this non-English text. The module was developed to consolidate processing for {{tlx|lang}}, {{tlx|langx}}, and {{tlx|transliteration}} templates into a single source and to use a clearly defined data set extracted from international standards. It provides error checking and reporting to ensure that the HTML rendered is correct for browsers and screen readers.

Other templates that get language name support from this module are:
* {{tlx|native name}}

==Data set==
The data set is specified in [[Module:Lang/data]] and its included data modules:
* language tag-and-name data
** [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages]] – from IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file]
* language script data
** [[Module:Lang/data/iana scripts]] – from IANA language-subtag-registry file
* language region data
** [[Module:Lang/data/iana regions]] – from IANA language-subtag-registry file
* language variant data
** [[Module:Lang/data/iana variants]] – from IANA language-subtag-registry file
* suppressed-script data
** [[Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts]] – from IANA language-subtag-registry file

The data set also includes supplementary data modules:
* override and other non-standard data
** [[Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms]] – maps three character ISO 639-2, -2T, -3 codes to two character ISO 639-1 codes – from [https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages]
** [[Module:Lang/tag from name]] – reversed language tag-and-name data so that the language name is the key and the language tag is the value

== Testcases ==
* [[Module:Lang/testcases]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases|run]])
* category_from_tag()
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-1 category from tag]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-1 category from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-1 category from tag]] (A–H) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-1 category from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-2 category from tag]] (I–N) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-2 category from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-3 category from tag]] (O–Z) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-3 category from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639 deprecated and override category from tag]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639 deprecated and override category from tag|run]])
* name_from_tag()
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-1 name from tag]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-1 name from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-1 name from tag]] (A–H) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-1 name from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-2 name from tag]] (I–N) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-2 name from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-3 name from tag]] (O–Z) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-3 name from tag|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639 deprecated and override name from tag]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639 deprecated and override name from tag|run]])
* tag_from_name()
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-1 tag from name]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-1 tag from name|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-1 tag from name]] (A–H) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-1 tag from name|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-2 tag from name]] (I–N) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-2 tag from name|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-3 tag from name]] (O–Z) ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639-3-3 tag from name|run]])
** [[Module:Lang/testcases/ISO 639 deprecated and override tag from name]] ([[Module talk:Lang/testcases/ISO 639 deprecated and override tag from name|run]])

==Tracking categories==
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx template errors}}
* {{Category link with count|Transliteration template errors}}
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1}}
* {{Category link with count|Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes}}

==See also==
MoS on foreign words:
* {{Section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting#Foreign terms}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
[[Category:Modules that check for strip markers]]

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ntvmvb6qg46gcgftsxblza7elr5h5q2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana scripts</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33551</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157764</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:34:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- File-Date: 2026-04-09 return { 	[&quot;Adlm&quot;] = {&quot;Adlam&quot;}, 	[&quot;Afak&quot;] = {&quot;Afaka&quot;}, 	[&quot;Aghb&quot;] = {&quot;Caucasian Albanian&quot;}, 	[&quot;Ahom&quot;] = {&quot;Ahom&quot;, &quot;Tai Ahom&quot;}, 	[&quot;Arab&quot;] = {&quot;Arabic&quot;}, 	[&quot;Aran&quot;] = {&quot;Arabic (Nastaliq variant)&quot;}, 	[&quot;Armi&quot;] = {&quot;Imperial Aramaic&quot;}, 	[&quot;Armn&quot;] = {&quot;Armenian&quot;}, 	[&quot;Avst&quot;] = {&quot;Avestan&quot;}, 	[&quot;Bali&quot;] = {&quot;Balinese&quot;}, 	[&quot;Bamu&quot;] = {&quot;Bamum&quot;}, 	[&quot;Bass&quot;] = {&quot;Bassa Vah&quot;}, 	[&quot;Batk&quot;] = {&quot;Batak&quot;}, 	[&quot;Beng&quot;] = {&quot;Bengali&quot;, &quot;Bangla&quot;}, 	[&quot;Berf&quot;] = {&quot;Beria Erfe&quot;},...'</comment>
      <origin>157764</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="7512" sha1="c7u9sv80kzrh5jzaij9fynoelyyehwq" xml:space="preserve">-- File-Date: 2026-04-09
return {
	[&quot;Adlm&quot;] = {&quot;Adlam&quot;},
	[&quot;Afak&quot;] = {&quot;Afaka&quot;},
	[&quot;Aghb&quot;] = {&quot;Caucasian Albanian&quot;},
	[&quot;Ahom&quot;] = {&quot;Ahom&quot;, &quot;Tai Ahom&quot;},
	[&quot;Arab&quot;] = {&quot;Arabic&quot;},
	[&quot;Aran&quot;] = {&quot;Arabic (Nastaliq variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Armi&quot;] = {&quot;Imperial Aramaic&quot;},
	[&quot;Armn&quot;] = {&quot;Armenian&quot;},
	[&quot;Avst&quot;] = {&quot;Avestan&quot;},
	[&quot;Bali&quot;] = {&quot;Balinese&quot;},
	[&quot;Bamu&quot;] = {&quot;Bamum&quot;},
	[&quot;Bass&quot;] = {&quot;Bassa Vah&quot;},
	[&quot;Batk&quot;] = {&quot;Batak&quot;},
	[&quot;Beng&quot;] = {&quot;Bengali&quot;, &quot;Bangla&quot;},
	[&quot;Berf&quot;] = {&quot;Beria Erfe&quot;},
	[&quot;Bhks&quot;] = {&quot;Bhaiksuki&quot;},
	[&quot;Blis&quot;] = {&quot;Blissymbols&quot;},
	[&quot;Bopo&quot;] = {&quot;Bopomofo&quot;},
	[&quot;Brah&quot;] = {&quot;Brahmi&quot;},
	[&quot;Brai&quot;] = {&quot;Braille&quot;},
	[&quot;Bugi&quot;] = {&quot;Buginese&quot;},
	[&quot;Buhd&quot;] = {&quot;Buhid&quot;},
	[&quot;Cakm&quot;] = {&quot;Chakma&quot;},
	[&quot;Cans&quot;] = {&quot;Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics&quot;},
	[&quot;Cari&quot;] = {&quot;Carian&quot;},
	[&quot;Cham&quot;] = {&quot;Cham&quot;},
	[&quot;Cher&quot;] = {&quot;Cherokee&quot;},
	[&quot;Chis&quot;] = {&quot;Chisoi&quot;},
	[&quot;Chrs&quot;] = {&quot;Chorasmian&quot;},
	[&quot;Cirt&quot;] = {&quot;Cirth&quot;},
	[&quot;Copt&quot;] = {&quot;Coptic&quot;},
	[&quot;Cpmn&quot;] = {&quot;Cypro-Minoan&quot;},
	[&quot;Cprt&quot;] = {&quot;Cypriot syllabary&quot;},
	[&quot;Cyrl&quot;] = {&quot;Cyrillic&quot;},
	[&quot;Cyrs&quot;] = {&quot;Cyrillic (Old Church Slavonic variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Deva&quot;] = {&quot;Devanagari&quot;, &quot;Nagari&quot;},
	[&quot;Diak&quot;] = {&quot;Dives Akuru&quot;},
	[&quot;Dogr&quot;] = {&quot;Dogra&quot;},
	[&quot;Dsrt&quot;] = {&quot;Deseret&quot;, &quot;Mormon&quot;},
	[&quot;Dupl&quot;] = {&quot;Duployan shorthand&quot;, &quot;Duployan stenography&quot;},
	[&quot;Egyd&quot;] = {&quot;Egyptian demotic&quot;},
	[&quot;Egyh&quot;] = {&quot;Egyptian hieratic&quot;},
	[&quot;Egyp&quot;] = {&quot;Egyptian hieroglyphs&quot;},
	[&quot;Elba&quot;] = {&quot;Elbasan&quot;},
	[&quot;Elym&quot;] = {&quot;Elymaic&quot;},
	[&quot;Ethi&quot;] = {&quot;Ethiopic&quot;, &quot;Geʻez&quot;, &quot;Ge'ez&quot;},
	[&quot;Gara&quot;] = {&quot;Garay&quot;},
	[&quot;Geok&quot;] = {&quot;Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri)&quot;},
	[&quot;Geor&quot;] = {&quot;Georgian (Mkhedruli and Mtavruli)&quot;},
	[&quot;Glag&quot;] = {&quot;Glagolitic&quot;},
	[&quot;Gong&quot;] = {&quot;Gunjala Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;Gonm&quot;] = {&quot;Masaram Gondi&quot;},
	[&quot;Goth&quot;] = {&quot;Gothic&quot;},
	[&quot;Gran&quot;] = {&quot;Grantha&quot;},
	[&quot;Grek&quot;] = {&quot;Greek&quot;},
	[&quot;Gujr&quot;] = {&quot;Gujarati&quot;},
	[&quot;Gukh&quot;] = {&quot;Gurung Khema&quot;},
	[&quot;Guru&quot;] = {&quot;Gurmukhi&quot;},
	[&quot;Hanb&quot;] = {&quot;Han with Bopomofo (alias for Han + Bopomofo)&quot;},
	[&quot;Hang&quot;] = {&quot;Hangul&quot;, &quot;Hangŭl&quot;, &quot;Hangeul&quot;},
	[&quot;Hani&quot;] = {&quot;Han&quot;, &quot;Hanzi&quot;, &quot;Kanji&quot;, &quot;Hanja&quot;},
	[&quot;Hano&quot;] = {&quot;Hanunoo&quot;, &quot;Hanunóo&quot;},
	[&quot;Hans&quot;] = {&quot;Han (Simplified variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Hant&quot;] = {&quot;Han (Traditional variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Hatr&quot;] = {&quot;Hatran&quot;},
	[&quot;Hebr&quot;] = {&quot;Hebrew&quot;},
	[&quot;Hira&quot;] = {&quot;Hiragana&quot;},
	[&quot;Hluw&quot;] = {&quot;Anatolian Hieroglyphs&quot;, &quot;Luwian Hieroglyphs&quot;, &quot;Hittite Hieroglyphs&quot;},
	[&quot;Hmng&quot;] = {&quot;Pahawh Hmong&quot;},
	[&quot;Hmnp&quot;] = {&quot;Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong&quot;},
	[&quot;Hntl&quot;] = {&quot;Han (Traditional variant) with Latin (alias for Hant + Latn)&quot;},
	[&quot;Hrkt&quot;] = {&quot;Japanese syllabaries (alias for Hiragana + Katakana)&quot;},
	[&quot;Hung&quot;] = {&quot;Old Hungarian&quot;, &quot;Hungarian Runic&quot;},
	[&quot;Inds&quot;] = {&quot;Indus&quot;, &quot;Harappan&quot;},
	[&quot;Ital&quot;] = {&quot;Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, etc.)&quot;},
	[&quot;Jamo&quot;] = {&quot;Jamo (alias for Jamo subset of Hangul)&quot;},
	[&quot;Java&quot;] = {&quot;Javanese&quot;},
	[&quot;Jpan&quot;] = {&quot;Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)&quot;},
	[&quot;Jurc&quot;] = {&quot;Jurchen&quot;},
	[&quot;Kali&quot;] = {&quot;Kayah Li&quot;},
	[&quot;Kana&quot;] = {&quot;Katakana&quot;},
	[&quot;Kawi&quot;] = {&quot;Kawi&quot;},
	[&quot;Khar&quot;] = {&quot;Kharoshthi&quot;},
	[&quot;Khmr&quot;] = {&quot;Khmer&quot;},
	[&quot;Khoj&quot;] = {&quot;Khojki&quot;},
	[&quot;Kitl&quot;] = {&quot;Khitan large script&quot;},
	[&quot;Kits&quot;] = {&quot;Khitan small script&quot;},
	[&quot;Knda&quot;] = {&quot;Kannada&quot;},
	[&quot;Kore&quot;] = {&quot;Korean (alias for Hangul + Han)&quot;},
	[&quot;Kpel&quot;] = {&quot;Kpelle&quot;},
	[&quot;Krai&quot;] = {&quot;Kirat Rai&quot;},
	[&quot;Kthi&quot;] = {&quot;Kaithi&quot;},
	[&quot;Lana&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Tham&quot;, &quot;Lanna&quot;},
	[&quot;Laoo&quot;] = {&quot;Lao&quot;},
	[&quot;Latf&quot;] = {&quot;Latin (Fraktur variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Latg&quot;] = {&quot;Latin (Gaelic variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Latn&quot;] = {&quot;Latin&quot;},
	[&quot;Leke&quot;] = {&quot;Leke&quot;},
	[&quot;Lepc&quot;] = {&quot;Lepcha&quot;, &quot;Róng&quot;},
	[&quot;Limb&quot;] = {&quot;Limbu&quot;},
	[&quot;Lina&quot;] = {&quot;Linear A&quot;},
	[&quot;Linb&quot;] = {&quot;Linear B&quot;},
	[&quot;Lisu&quot;] = {&quot;Lisu&quot;, &quot;Fraser&quot;},
	[&quot;Loma&quot;] = {&quot;Loma&quot;},
	[&quot;Lyci&quot;] = {&quot;Lycian&quot;},
	[&quot;Lydi&quot;] = {&quot;Lydian&quot;},
	[&quot;Mahj&quot;] = {&quot;Mahajani&quot;},
	[&quot;Maka&quot;] = {&quot;Makasar&quot;},
	[&quot;Mand&quot;] = {&quot;Mandaic&quot;, &quot;Mandaean&quot;},
	[&quot;Mani&quot;] = {&quot;Manichaean&quot;},
	[&quot;Marc&quot;] = {&quot;Marchen&quot;},
	[&quot;Maya&quot;] = {&quot;Mayan hieroglyphs&quot;},
	[&quot;Medf&quot;] = {&quot;Medefaidrin&quot;, &quot;Oberi Okaime&quot;, &quot;Oberi Ɔkaimɛ&quot;},
	[&quot;Mend&quot;] = {&quot;Mende Kikakui&quot;},
	[&quot;Merc&quot;] = {&quot;Meroitic Cursive&quot;},
	[&quot;Mero&quot;] = {&quot;Meroitic Hieroglyphs&quot;},
	[&quot;Mlym&quot;] = {&quot;Malayalam&quot;},
	[&quot;Modi&quot;] = {&quot;Modi&quot;, &quot;Moḍī&quot;},
	[&quot;Mong&quot;] = {&quot;Mongolian&quot;},
	[&quot;Moon&quot;] = {&quot;Moon&quot;, &quot;Moon code&quot;, &quot;Moon script&quot;, &quot;Moon type&quot;},
	[&quot;Mroo&quot;] = {&quot;Mro&quot;, &quot;Mru&quot;},
	[&quot;Mtei&quot;] = {&quot;Meitei Mayek&quot;, &quot;Meithei&quot;, &quot;Meetei&quot;},
	[&quot;Mult&quot;] = {&quot;Multani&quot;},
	[&quot;Mymr&quot;] = {&quot;Myanmar&quot;, &quot;Burmese&quot;},
	[&quot;Nagm&quot;] = {&quot;Nag Mundari&quot;},
	[&quot;Nand&quot;] = {&quot;Nandinagari&quot;},
	[&quot;Narb&quot;] = {&quot;Old North Arabian&quot;, &quot;Ancient North Arabian&quot;},
	[&quot;Nbat&quot;] = {&quot;Nabataean&quot;},
	[&quot;Newa&quot;] = {&quot;Newa&quot;, &quot;Newar&quot;, &quot;Newari&quot;, &quot;Nepāla lipi&quot;},
	[&quot;Nkdb&quot;] = {&quot;Naxi Dongba&quot;, &quot;na²¹ɕi³³ to³³ba²¹&quot;, &quot;Nakhi Tomba&quot;},
	[&quot;Nkgb&quot;] = {&quot;Naxi Geba&quot;, &quot;na²¹ɕi³³ gʌ²¹ba²¹&quot;, &quot;'Na-'Khi ²Ggŏ-¹baw&quot;, &quot;Nakhi Geba&quot;},
	[&quot;Nkoo&quot;] = {&quot;N’Ko&quot;, &quot;N'Ko&quot;},
	[&quot;Nshu&quot;] = {&quot;Nüshu&quot;},
	[&quot;Ogam&quot;] = {&quot;Ogham&quot;},
	[&quot;Olck&quot;] = {&quot;Ol Chiki&quot;, &quot;Ol Cemet'&quot;, &quot;Ol&quot;, &quot;Santali&quot;},
	[&quot;Onao&quot;] = {&quot;Ol Onal&quot;},
	[&quot;Orkh&quot;] = {&quot;Old Turkic&quot;, &quot;Orkhon Runic&quot;},
	[&quot;Orya&quot;] = {&quot;Oriya&quot;, &quot;Odia&quot;},
	[&quot;Osge&quot;] = {&quot;Osage&quot;},
	[&quot;Osma&quot;] = {&quot;Osmanya&quot;},
	[&quot;Ougr&quot;] = {&quot;Old Uyghur&quot;},
	[&quot;Palm&quot;] = {&quot;Palmyrene&quot;},
	[&quot;Pauc&quot;] = {&quot;Pau Cin Hau&quot;},
	[&quot;Pcun&quot;] = {&quot;Proto-Cuneiform&quot;},
	[&quot;Pelm&quot;] = {&quot;Proto-Elamite&quot;},
	[&quot;Perm&quot;] = {&quot;Old Permic&quot;},
	[&quot;Phag&quot;] = {&quot;Phags-pa&quot;},
	[&quot;Phli&quot;] = {&quot;Inscriptional Pahlavi&quot;},
	[&quot;Phlp&quot;] = {&quot;Psalter Pahlavi&quot;},
	[&quot;Phlv&quot;] = {&quot;Book Pahlavi&quot;},
	[&quot;Phnx&quot;] = {&quot;Phoenician&quot;},
	[&quot;Piqd&quot;] = {&quot;Klingon (KLI pIqaD)&quot;},
	[&quot;Plrd&quot;] = {&quot;Miao&quot;, &quot;Pollard&quot;},
	[&quot;Prti&quot;] = {&quot;Inscriptional Parthian&quot;},
	[&quot;Psin&quot;] = {&quot;Proto-Sinaitic&quot;},
	[&quot;Ranj&quot;] = {&quot;Ranjana&quot;},
	[&quot;Rjng&quot;] = {&quot;Rejang&quot;, &quot;Redjang&quot;, &quot;Kaganga&quot;},
	[&quot;Rohg&quot;] = {&quot;Hanifi Rohingya&quot;},
	[&quot;Roro&quot;] = {&quot;Rongorongo&quot;},
	[&quot;Runr&quot;] = {&quot;Runic&quot;},
	[&quot;Samr&quot;] = {&quot;Samaritan&quot;},
	[&quot;Sara&quot;] = {&quot;Sarati&quot;},
	[&quot;Sarb&quot;] = {&quot;Old South Arabian&quot;},
	[&quot;Saur&quot;] = {&quot;Saurashtra&quot;},
	[&quot;Seal&quot;] = {&quot;Seal&quot;, &quot;Small Seal&quot;},
	[&quot;Sgnw&quot;] = {&quot;SignWriting&quot;},
	[&quot;Shaw&quot;] = {&quot;Shavian&quot;, &quot;Shaw&quot;},
	[&quot;Shrd&quot;] = {&quot;Sharada&quot;, &quot;Śāradā&quot;},
	[&quot;Shui&quot;] = {&quot;Shuishu&quot;},
	[&quot;Sidd&quot;] = {&quot;Siddham&quot;, &quot;Siddhaṃ&quot;, &quot;Siddhamātṛkā&quot;},
	[&quot;Sidt&quot;] = {&quot;Sidetic&quot;},
	[&quot;Sind&quot;] = {&quot;Khudawadi&quot;, &quot;Sindhi&quot;},
	[&quot;Sinh&quot;] = {&quot;Sinhala&quot;},
	[&quot;Sogd&quot;] = {&quot;Sogdian&quot;},
	[&quot;Sogo&quot;] = {&quot;Old Sogdian&quot;},
	[&quot;Sora&quot;] = {&quot;Sora Sompeng&quot;},
	[&quot;Soyo&quot;] = {&quot;Soyombo&quot;},
	[&quot;Sund&quot;] = {&quot;Sundanese&quot;},
	[&quot;Sunu&quot;] = {&quot;Sunuwar&quot;},
	[&quot;Sylo&quot;] = {&quot;Syloti Nagri&quot;},
	[&quot;Syrc&quot;] = {&quot;Syriac&quot;},
	[&quot;Syre&quot;] = {&quot;Syriac (Estrangelo variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Syrj&quot;] = {&quot;Syriac (Western variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Syrn&quot;] = {&quot;Syriac (Eastern variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Tagb&quot;] = {&quot;Tagbanwa&quot;},
	[&quot;Takr&quot;] = {&quot;Takri&quot;, &quot;Ṭākrī&quot;, &quot;Ṭāṅkrī&quot;},
	[&quot;Tale&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Le&quot;},
	[&quot;Talu&quot;] = {&quot;New Tai Lue&quot;},
	[&quot;Taml&quot;] = {&quot;Tamil&quot;},
	[&quot;Tang&quot;] = {&quot;Tangut&quot;},
	[&quot;Tavt&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Viet&quot;},
	[&quot;Tayo&quot;] = {&quot;Tai Yo&quot;},
	[&quot;Telu&quot;] = {&quot;Telugu&quot;},
	[&quot;Teng&quot;] = {&quot;Tengwar&quot;},
	[&quot;Tfng&quot;] = {&quot;Tifinagh&quot;, &quot;Berber&quot;},
	[&quot;Tglg&quot;] = {&quot;Tagalog&quot;, &quot;Baybayin&quot;, &quot;Alibata&quot;},
	[&quot;Thaa&quot;] = {&quot;Thaana&quot;},
	[&quot;Thai&quot;] = {&quot;Thai&quot;},
	[&quot;Tibt&quot;] = {&quot;Tibetan&quot;},
	[&quot;Tirh&quot;] = {&quot;Tirhuta&quot;},
	[&quot;Tnsa&quot;] = {&quot;Tangsa&quot;},
	[&quot;Todr&quot;] = {&quot;Todhri&quot;},
	[&quot;Tols&quot;] = {&quot;Tolong Siki&quot;},
	[&quot;Toto&quot;] = {&quot;Toto&quot;},
	[&quot;Tutg&quot;] = {&quot;Tulu-Tigalari&quot;},
	[&quot;Ugar&quot;] = {&quot;Ugaritic&quot;},
	[&quot;Vaii&quot;] = {&quot;Vai&quot;},
	[&quot;Visp&quot;] = {&quot;Visible Speech&quot;},
	[&quot;Vith&quot;] = {&quot;Vithkuqi&quot;},
	[&quot;Wara&quot;] = {&quot;Warang Citi&quot;, &quot;Varang Kshiti&quot;},
	[&quot;Wcho&quot;] = {&quot;Wancho&quot;},
	[&quot;Wole&quot;] = {&quot;Woleai&quot;},
	[&quot;Xpeo&quot;] = {&quot;Old Persian&quot;},
	[&quot;Xsux&quot;] = {&quot;Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform&quot;},
	[&quot;Yezi&quot;] = {&quot;Yezidi&quot;},
	[&quot;Yiii&quot;] = {&quot;Yi&quot;},
	[&quot;Zanb&quot;] = {&quot;Zanabazar Square&quot;, &quot;Zanabazarin Dörböljin Useg&quot;, &quot;Xewtee Dörböljin Bicig&quot;, &quot;Horizontal Square Script&quot;},
	[&quot;Zinh&quot;] = {&quot;Code for inherited script&quot;},
	[&quot;Zmth&quot;] = {&quot;Mathematical notation&quot;},
	[&quot;Zsye&quot;] = {&quot;Symbols (Emoji variant)&quot;},
	[&quot;Zsym&quot;] = {&quot;Symbols&quot;},
	[&quot;Zxxx&quot;] = {&quot;Code for unwritten documents&quot;},
	[&quot;Zyyy&quot;] = {&quot;Code for undetermined script&quot;},
	[&quot;Zzzz&quot;] = {&quot;Code for uncoded script&quot;}
	}</text>
      <sha1>c7u9sv80kzrh5jzaij9fynoelyyehwq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana scripts/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33552</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157765</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:35:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}  This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].  The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this tab...'</comment>
      <origin>157765</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1007" sha1="pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}

This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].

The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are actually present in the source (in which case it is probably better to re-run one of the tools on a new data file).

The data in this table come from records that are not 'Deprecated', do not have a 'Preferred-Value', and are not 'Private use'.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Person date</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33553</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157766</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:37:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'require(&quot;strict&quot;)  local p = {}  local TEMPLATES = { 	birth_date = &quot;Birth date&quot;, 	birth_date_and_age = &quot;Birth date and age&quot;, 	birth_year = &quot;Birth year&quot;, 	birth_year_and_age = &quot;Birth year and age&quot;, 	death_date = &quot;Death date&quot;, 	death_date_text = &quot;Death date text&quot;, 	death_date_and_age = &quot;Death date and age&quot;, 	death_year = &quot;Death year&quot;, 	death_year_and_age = &quot;Death year and age&quot;, } local invalid_date_category = '' local tracking_category = '' local Date = require(...'</comment>
      <origin>157766</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="9151" sha1="qm4tcdz8g5vkfc018ay0tu8zlfditks" xml:space="preserve">require(&quot;strict&quot;)

local p = {}

local TEMPLATES = {
	birth_date = &quot;Birth date&quot;,
	birth_date_and_age = &quot;Birth date and age&quot;,
	birth_year = &quot;Birth year&quot;,
	birth_year_and_age = &quot;Birth year and age&quot;,
	death_date = &quot;Death date&quot;,
	death_date_text = &quot;Death date text&quot;,
	death_date_and_age = &quot;Death date and age&quot;,
	death_year = &quot;Death year&quot;,
	death_year_and_age = &quot;Death year and age&quot;,
}
local invalid_date_category = ''
local tracking_category = ''
local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

if mw.title.getCurrentTitle():inNamespaces(0, 828, 829) then
	-- Category only in namespaces: 0=article, 828=module &amp; 829=module talk (last 2 needed for testcases)
	tracking_category = '[[Category:Pages where birth or death is being automatically determined]]'
	invalid_date_category = '[[Category:Pages with invalid birth or death dates]]'
end

local function check_for_invalid_date(str)
	return mw.ustring.match(str, '^%?') or mw.ustring.match(str, '^%d%d%?') or mw.ustring.match(str, '^[Uu]nk')
end

local function expand_template(template, args)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = template, args = args}
end

local function parse_date(str)
	local date = Date(str)
	if date then
		return tostring(date.year), tostring(date.month), tostring(date.day)
	end
	-- TODO: Date has not been parsed. Need to work out what to do. For now, throw an error.
	-- Example where this can occur: &quot;birth_date = 22 December 1946&quot; at [[Maurice Pasternak]].
	-- There was a nonbreaking space after &quot;22&quot; whidh Date does not accept.
	error('Module:Person_date parse_date invalid date: &quot;' .. tostring(str) .. '&quot;')
end

local function date_format(str)
	if mw.ustring.match (str, '^%d+%s*%a+[%.]*%s*%d%d%d%d$') then
		return 'df'
	elseif mw.ustring.match(str, '^%a+[%.]*%s+%d+,%s*%d%d%d%d$') then
		return 'mf'
	else
		return 'ERROR'
	end

end

local function is_valid_month (str)
	str = string.upper(mw.ustring.sub(str,1,1))..string.lower(mw.ustring.sub(str,2))

	local months = {'Jan','Jan.','January','Feb','Feb.','February','Mar','March','Apr','Apr.','April','May','Jun','Jun.','June','Jul','Jul.','July','Aug','Aug.','August','Sep','Sept','Sep.','Sept.','September','Oct','Oct.','October','Nov','Nov','November','Dec','Dec.','December'}
	for index, value in ipairs(months) do
		if value == str then
			return true
		end
	end
	return false
end

local function is_month_year_only(str)
	local month = mw.ustring.match(str, '^(%a+)[%.]*%s+%d%d%d%d$')
	if month == nil then
		return false
	else
		return is_valid_month(month)
	end
end

local function is_valid_date(str)
	local month = mw.ustring.match (str, '^%d+%s*(%a+)[%.]*%s*%d%d%d%d$') or mw.ustring.match(str, '^(%a+)[%.]*%s+%d+,%s*%d%d%d%d$')
	if month == nil then
		return false
	else
		return is_valid_month(month)
	end
end

local function is_year_only(str)
	return mw.ustring.match(str, '^%d%d%d%d$')
end

local function already_has_template(str)
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str, '&amp;[Nn][Bb][Ss][Pp];', ' ')
	return mw.ustring.match(str, '&lt;span') or mw.ustring.match(str, '&lt;time') or mw.ustring.match(str,'%(aged%s*%d+') or mw.ustring.match(str,'%(age%s*%d+')
end

local function sanatize_date(str)
	-- Sanatize leading &amp; trailing whitespace (this caused an issue before it was implemented)
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str,'^%s*','')
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str,'%s*$','')
	-- Sanatize ordinals
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str, '(%d+)st([,%s])', '%1%2')
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str, '(%d+)rd([,%s])', '%1%2')
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str, '(%d+)th([,%s])', '%1%2')
	str = mw.ustring.gsub(str, '(%d+)nd([,%s])', '%1%2')
	return str
end

local function parse_birth(args)
	local birth_date = args['birth_date'] or ''
	local death_date = args['death_date'] or ''
	local disap_date = args['disappeared_date'] or ''
	local original = birth_date
	
	birth_date = sanatize_date(birth_date)
	death_date = sanatize_date(death_date)
	disap_date = sanatize_date(disap_date)

	-- Check for bad inputs. This used to be covered by a switch statement in infoboxes
	if check_for_invalid_date(birth_date) then
		return original..invalid_date_category
	end

	if already_has_template(birth_date) then
		return original
	end

	if is_valid_date(birth_date) then
		local location = mw.ustring.find(birth_date, '%d%d%d%d')
		local extra = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, location+4) .. tracking_category
		local date = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1,location+3)
		local year, month, day = parse_date(date)
		local format = date_format(date)
		if death_date == '' and disap_date == '' then
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.birth_date_and_age, {year, month, day, [format] = 'yes'}) .. extra
		elseif is_year_only(death_date) or is_valid_date(death_date) or is_month_year_only(death_date) then
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.birth_date, {year, month, day, [format] = 'yes'}) .. extra
		else
			-- death_date is not a valid string (example: 'unknown')
			return original
		end
	end
	if is_month_year_only(birth_date) then

		local year = Date('1 '..birth_date):text('%Y')
		local month = Date('1 '..birth_date):text('%-m')
		local location = mw.ustring.find(birth_date, '%d%d%d%d')
		local date = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1,location+3)
		local extra = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, location+4) .. tracking_category

		if death_date == '' and disap_date == '' then
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.birth_year_and_age, {year, month}) .. extra
		elseif is_year_only(death_date) or is_valid_date(death_date) or is_month_year_only(death_date) then
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.birth_year, {date}) .. extra
		else
			-- death_date is not a valid string (example: 'unknown')
			return original
		end

	end
	if is_year_only(birth_date) then
		local date = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1, 5)
		local extra = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 5) .. tracking_category
		if death_date == '' and disap_date == '' then
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.birth_year_and_age, {date}) .. extra
		elseif is_year_only(death_date) or is_valid_date(death_date) then
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.birth_year, {date}) .. extra
		else
			-- death_date is not a valid string (example: 'unknown')
			return original
		end
	end

	return original
end

local function parse_death(args)
	local birth_date = args['birth_date'] or ''
	local death_date = args['death_date'] or ''
	local original = death_date

	birth_date = sanatize_date(birth_date)
	death_date = sanatize_date(death_date)

	-- Check for bad inputs. This used to be covered by a switch statement in infoboxes
	if check_for_invalid_date(death_date) then
		return original..invalid_date_category
	end

	if already_has_template(death_date) then
		return original
	end

	if is_valid_date(death_date) or is_month_year_only(death_date) then
		local location = mw.ustring.find(death_date, '%d%d%d%d')
		local date = mw.ustring.sub(death_date, 1,location+3)
		local extra = mw.ustring.sub(death_date, location+4) .. tracking_category
		local format = date_format(date)

		if birth_date == '' then
			if is_month_year_only(death_date) then
				return expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date_text, {date}) .. extra
			end
			local year, month, day = parse_date(date)
			return expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date, {year, month, day, [format] = 'yes'}) .. extra
		else
			if is_year_only(birth_date) then
				location =  mw.ustring.find(birth_date, '%d%d%d%d')
				local bd = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1,location+3)
				if is_month_year_only(death_date) then
					return expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date_and_age, {date, bd}) .. extra
				end

				return expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date_and_age, {date, bd, [format] = 'yes'}) .. extra
			elseif is_valid_date(birth_date) or is_month_year_only(birth_date) then
				location =  mw.ustring.find(birth_date, '%d%d%d%d')
				local bd = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1,location+3)

				if (is_month_year_only(death_date)) then
					return expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date_and_age, {date, bd}) .. extra
				end

				return expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date_and_age, {date, bd, [format] = 'yes'}) .. extra
			end
		end
	end

	if is_year_only(death_date) then
		if birth_date == '' then
			return  expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_year, {mw.ustring.sub(death_date, 1, 5)}) .. mw.ustring.sub(death_date, 5) .. tracking_category
		else
			if is_year_only(birth_date) then
				return  expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_year_and_age, {mw.ustring.sub(death_date, 1, 5), mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1, 5)}) .. mw.ustring.sub(death_date, 5) .. tracking_category
			else
				if is_valid_date(birth_date) then
					local location = mw.ustring.find(death_date, '%d%d%d%d')
					local date = mw.ustring.sub(death_date, 1,location+3)
					local extra = mw.ustring.sub(death_date, location+4) .. tracking_category

					location =  mw.ustring.find(birth_date, '%d%d%d%d')
					local bd = mw.ustring.sub(birth_date, 1,location+3)

					return  expand_template(TEMPLATES.death_date_and_age, {date, bd}) .. extra
				end
			end
		end
	end

	return original
end

function p.birth(frame)
	return parse_birth(getArgs(frame, {parentFirst = true}))
end

function p.death(frame)
	return parse_death(getArgs(frame, {parentFirst = true}))
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>qm4tcdz8g5vkfc018ay0tu8zlfditks</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Person date/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33554</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157767</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:38:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Module rating|release}} {{high use}} &lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;  This module is intended to aid in calculating/formatting birth dates and death dates in {{tl|Infobox person}} and other [[:Category:People and person infobox templates|People and person infobox templates]].  This module generates errors when it encounters invalid input. Error descriptions and how to fix them are listed at {{cl|P...'</comment>
      <origin>157767</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2151" sha1="ajsr2ctfgpb43wb5c2l4tobwz5xpxwr" xml:space="preserve">{{Module rating|release}}
{{high use}}
&lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;

This module is intended to aid in calculating/formatting birth dates and death dates in {{tl|Infobox person}} and other [[:Category:People and person infobox templates|People and person infobox templates]].

This module generates errors when it encounters invalid input. Error descriptions and how to fix them are listed at {{cl|Pages using age template with invalid date}}.

== Usage ==
*&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:person date|birth&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
*&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:person date|death&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
== In infoboxes ==

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Infobox
...
| label# = Born
| data#  = {{#invoke:person date|birth}}

| label# = Died
| data#  = {{#invoke:person date|death}}
...
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Or 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Infobox
...
| label#    = Born
| data#     = {{br separated entries
   |1={{#if:{{{birth_name|}}}|&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline&quot; class=&quot;nickname&quot;&gt;{{{birth_name|}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}
   |2={{#invoke:person date|birth}}
   |3={{#if:{{{birth_place|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;birthplace&quot;&gt;{{{birth_place|}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}
}}

| label#    = Died
| data#     = {{br separated entries
  |1={{#invoke:person date|death}}
  |2={{#if:{{{death_place|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;deathplace&quot;&gt;{{{death_place|}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}
}}
...
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Areas for improvement ==
#Currently the module does not handle anything that is not a simple date. So anything with a reference tag is not evaluated by the code.
#If {{para|birth_date|{{tlc|bda|1993|11|7}}}} (for example) then {{para|death_date}} will not be parsed. It will just be returned as the original string. Thus no age is calculated.

== Tracking categories ==
*{{clc|Pages where birth or death is being automatically determined}} 
*{{clc|Pages using age template with invalid date}}
*{{clc| Category:Pages with invalid birth or death dates}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;

&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ajsr2ctfgpb43wb5c2l4tobwz5xpxwr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Date</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33555</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157768</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:42:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- Date functions for use by other modules. -- I18N and time zones are not supported.  local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN local floor = math.floor  local Date, DateDiff, diffmt  -- forward declarations local uniq = { 'unique identifier' }  local function is_date(t) 	-- The system used to make a date read-only means there is no unique 	-- metatable that is conveniently accessible to check. 	return type(t) == 'table' and t._id == uniq end  local f...'</comment>
      <origin>157768</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="47993" sha1="p4lffcwq8w4s1hro04tf52ddm3itw32" xml:space="preserve">-- Date functions for use by other modules.
-- I18N and time zones are not supported.

local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN
local floor = math.floor

local Date, DateDiff, diffmt  -- forward declarations
local uniq = { 'unique identifier' }

local function is_date(t)
	-- The system used to make a date read-only means there is no unique
	-- metatable that is conveniently accessible to check.
	return type(t) == 'table' and t._id == uniq
end

local function is_diff(t)
	return type(t) == 'table' and getmetatable(t) == diffmt
end

local function _list_join(list, sep)
	return table.concat(list, sep)
end

local function collection()
	-- Return a table to hold items.
	return {
		n = 0,
		add = function (self, item)
			self.n = self.n + 1
			self[self.n] = item
		end,
		join = _list_join,
	}
end

local function strip_to_nil(text)
	-- If text is a string, return its trimmed content, or nil if empty.
	-- Otherwise return text (convenient when Date fields are provided from
	-- another module which may pass a string, a number, or another type).
	if type(text) == 'string' then
		text = text:match('(%S.-)%s*$')
	end
	return text
end

local function is_leap_year(year, calname)
	-- Return true if year is a leap year.
	if calname == 'Julian' then
		return year % 4 == 0
	end
	return (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 ~= 0) or year % 400 == 0
end

local function days_in_month(year, month, calname)
	-- Return number of days (1..31) in given month (1..12).
	if month == 2 and is_leap_year(year, calname) then
		return 29
	end
	return ({ 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 })[month]
end

local function h_m_s(time)
	-- Return hour, minute, second extracted from fraction of a day.
	time = floor(time * 24 * 3600 + 0.5)  -- number of seconds
	local second = time % 60
	time = floor(time / 60)
	return floor(time / 60), time % 60, second
end

local function hms(date)
	-- Return fraction of a day from date's time, where (0 &lt;= fraction &lt; 1)
	-- if the values are valid, but could be anything if outside range.
	return (date.hour + (date.minute + date.second / 60) / 60) / 24
end

local function julian_date(date)
	-- Return jd, jdz from a Julian or Gregorian calendar date where
	--   jd = Julian date and its fractional part is zero at noon
	--   jdz = same, but assume time is 00:00:00 if no time given
	-- http://www.tondering.dk/claus/cal/julperiod.php#formula
	-- Testing shows this works for all dates from year -9999 to 9999!
	-- JDN 0 is the 24-hour period starting at noon UTC on Monday
	--    1 January 4713 BC  = (-4712, 1, 1)   Julian calendar
	--   24 November 4714 BC = (-4713, 11, 24) Gregorian calendar
	local offset
	local a = floor((14 - date.month)/12)
	local y = date.year + 4800 - a
	if date.calendar == 'Julian' then
		offset = floor(y/4) - 32083
	else
		offset = floor(y/4) - floor(y/100) + floor(y/400) - 32045
	end
	local m = date.month + 12*a - 3
	local jd = date.day + floor((153*m + 2)/5) + 365*y + offset
	if date.hastime then
		jd = jd + hms(date) - 0.5
		return jd, jd
	end
	return jd, jd - 0.5
end

local function set_date_from_jd(date)
	-- Set the fields of table date from its Julian date field.
	-- Return true if date is valid.
	-- http://www.tondering.dk/claus/cal/julperiod.php#formula
	-- This handles the proleptic Julian and Gregorian calendars.
	-- Negative Julian dates are not defined but they work.
	local calname = date.calendar
	local low, high  -- min/max limits for date ranges −9999-01-01 to 9999-12-31
	if calname == 'Gregorian' then
		low, high = -1930999.5, 5373484.49999
	elseif calname == 'Julian' then
		low, high = -1931076.5, 5373557.49999
	else
		return
	end
	local jd = date.jd
	if not (type(jd) == 'number' and low &lt;= jd and jd &lt;= high) then
		return
	end
	local jdn = floor(jd)
	if date.hastime then
		local time = jd - jdn  -- 0 &lt;= time &lt; 1
		if time &gt;= 0.5 then    -- if at or after midnight of next day
			jdn = jdn + 1
			time = time - 0.5
		else
			time = time + 0.5
		end
		date.hour, date.minute, date.second = h_m_s(time)
	else
		date.second = 0
		date.minute = 0
		date.hour = 0
	end
	local b, c
	if calname == 'Julian' then
		b = 0
		c = jdn + 32082
	else  -- Gregorian
		local a = jdn + 32044
		b = floor((4*a + 3)/146097)
		c = a - floor(146097*b/4)
	end
	local d = floor((4*c + 3)/1461)
	local e = c - floor(1461*d/4)
	local m = floor((5*e + 2)/153)
	date.day = e - floor((153*m + 2)/5) + 1
	date.month = m + 3 - 12*floor(m/10)
	date.year = 100*b + d - 4800 + floor(m/10)
	return true
end

local function fix_numbers(numbers, y, m, d, H, M, S, partial, hastime, calendar)
	-- Put the result of normalizing the given values in table numbers.
	-- The result will have valid m, d values if y is valid; caller checks y.
	-- The logic of PHP mktime is followed where m or d can be zero to mean
	-- the previous unit, and -1 is the one before that, etc.
	-- Positive values carry forward.
	local date
	if not (1 &lt;= m and m &lt;= 12) then
		date = Date(y, 1, 1)
		if not date then return end
		date = date + ((m - 1) .. 'm')
		y, m = date.year, date.month
	end
	local days_hms
	if not partial then
		if hastime and H and M and S then
			if not (0 &lt;= H and H &lt;= 23 and
					0 &lt;= M and M &lt;= 59 and
					0 &lt;= S and S &lt;= 59) then
				days_hms = hms({ hour = H, minute = M, second = S })
			end
		end
		if days_hms or not (1 &lt;= d and d &lt;= days_in_month(y, m, calendar)) then
			date = date or Date(y, m, 1)
			if not date then return end
			date = date + (d - 1 + (days_hms or 0))
			y, m, d = date.year, date.month, date.day
			if days_hms then
				H, M, S = date.hour, date.minute, date.second
			end
		end
	end
	numbers.year = y
	numbers.month = m
	numbers.day = d
	if days_hms then
		-- Don't set H unless it was valid because a valid H will set hastime.
		numbers.hour = H
		numbers.minute = M
		numbers.second = S
	end
end

local function set_date_from_numbers(date, numbers, options)
	-- Set the fields of table date from numeric values.
	-- Return true if date is valid.
	if type(numbers) ~= 'table' then
		return
	end
	local y = numbers.year   or date.year
	local m = numbers.month  or date.month
	local d = numbers.day    or date.day
	local H = numbers.hour
	local M = numbers.minute or date.minute or 0
	local S = numbers.second or date.second or 0
	local need_fix
	if y and m and d then
		date.partial = nil
		if not (-9999 &lt;= y and y &lt;= 9999 and
			1 &lt;= m and m &lt;= 12 and
			1 &lt;= d and d &lt;= days_in_month(y, m, date.calendar)) then
				if not date.want_fix then
					return
				end
				need_fix = true
		end
	elseif y and date.partial then
		if d or not (-9999 &lt;= y and y &lt;= 9999) then
			return
		end
		if m and not (1 &lt;= m and m &lt;= 12) then
			if not date.want_fix then
				return
			end
			need_fix = true
		end
	else
		return
	end
	if date.partial then
		H = nil  -- ignore any time
		M = nil
		S = nil
	else
		if H then
			-- It is not possible to set M or S without also setting H.
			date.hastime = true
		else
			H = 0
		end
		if not (0 &lt;= H and H &lt;= 23 and
				0 &lt;= M and M &lt;= 59 and
				0 &lt;= S and S &lt;= 59) then
			if date.want_fix then
				need_fix = true
			else
				return
			end
		end
	end
	date.want_fix = nil
	if need_fix then
		fix_numbers(numbers, y, m, d, H, M, S, date.partial, date.hastime, date.calendar)
		return set_date_from_numbers(date, numbers, options)
	end
	date.year = y    -- -9999 to 9999 ('n BC' → year = 1 - n)
	date.month = m   -- 1 to 12 (may be nil if partial)
	date.day = d     -- 1 to 31 (* = nil if partial)
	date.hour = H    -- 0 to 59 (*)
	date.minute = M  -- 0 to 59 (*)
	date.second = S  -- 0 to 59 (*)
	if type(options) == 'table' then
		for _, k in ipairs({ 'am', 'era', 'format' }) do
			if options[k] then
				date.options[k] = options[k]
			end
		end
	end
	return true
end

local function make_option_table(options1, options2)
	-- If options1 is a string, return a table with its settings, or
	-- if it is a table, use its settings.
	-- Missing options are set from table options2 or defaults.
	-- If a default is used, a flag is set so caller knows the value was not intentionally set.
	-- Valid option settings are:
	-- am: 'am', 'a.m.', 'AM', 'A.M.'
	--     'pm', 'p.m.', 'PM', 'P.M.' (each has same meaning as corresponding item above)
	-- era: 'BCMINUS', 'BCNEGATIVE', 'BC', 'B.C.', 'BCE', 'B.C.E.', 'AD', 'A.D.', 'CE', 'C.E.'
	-- Option am = 'am' does not mean the hour is AM; it means 'am' or 'pm' is used, depending on the hour,
	--    and am = 'pm' has the same meaning.
	-- Similarly, era = 'BC' means 'BC' is used if year &lt;= 0.
	-- BCMINUS displays a MINUS if year &lt; 0 and the display format does not include %{era}.
	-- BCNEGATIVE is similar but displays a hyphen.
	local result = { bydefault = {} }
	if type(options1) == 'table' then
		result.am = options1.am
		result.era = options1.era
	elseif type(options1) == 'string' then
		-- Example: 'am:AM era:BC' or 'am=AM era=BC'.
		for item in options1:gmatch('%S+') do
			local lhs, rhs = item:match('^(%w+)[:=](.+)$')
			if lhs then
				result[lhs] = rhs
			end
		end
	end
	options2 = type(options2) == 'table' and options2 or {}
	local defaults = { am = 'am', era = 'BC' }
	for k, v in pairs(defaults) do
		if not result[k] then
			if options2[k] then
				result[k] = options2[k]
			else
				result[k] = v
				result.bydefault[k] = true
			end
		end
	end
	return result
end

local ampm_options = {
	-- lhs = input text accepted as an am/pm option
	-- rhs = code used internally
	['am']   = 'am',
	['AM']   = 'AM',
	['a.m.'] = 'a.m.',
	['A.M.'] = 'A.M.',
	['pm']   = 'am',  -- same as am
	['PM']   = 'AM',
	['p.m.'] = 'a.m.',
	['P.M.'] = 'A.M.',
}

local era_text = {
	-- Text for displaying an era with a positive year (after adjusting
	-- by replacing year with 1 - year if date.year &lt;= 0).
	-- options.era = { year&lt;=0 , year&gt;0 }
	['BCMINUS']    = { 'BC'    , ''    , isbc = true, sign = MINUS },
	['BCNEGATIVE'] = { 'BC'    , ''    , isbc = true, sign = '-'   },
	['BC']         = { 'BC'    , ''    , isbc = true },
	['B.C.']       = { 'B.C.'  , ''    , isbc = true },
	['BCE']        = { 'BCE'   , ''    , isbc = true },
	['B.C.E.']     = { 'B.C.E.', ''    , isbc = true },
	['AD']         = { 'BC'    , 'AD'   },
	['A.D.']       = { 'B.C.'  , 'A.D.' },
	['CE']         = { 'BCE'   , 'CE'   },
	['C.E.']       = { 'B.C.E.', 'C.E.' },
}

local function get_era_for_year(era, year)
	return (era_text[era] or era_text['BC'])[year &gt; 0 and 2 or 1] or ''
end

local function strftime(date, format, options)
	-- Return date formatted as a string using codes similar to those
	-- in the C strftime library function.
	local sformat = string.format
	local shortcuts = {
		['%c'] = '%-I:%M %p %-d %B %-Y %{era}',  -- date and time: 2:30 pm 1 April 2016
		['%x'] = '%-d %B %-Y %{era}',            -- date:          1 April 2016
		['%X'] = '%-I:%M %p',                    -- time:          2:30 pm
	}
	if shortcuts[format] then
		format = shortcuts[format]
	end
	local codes = {
		a = { field = 'dayabbr' },
		A = { field = 'dayname' },
		b = { field = 'monthabbr' },
		B = { field = 'monthname' },
		u = { fmt = '%d'  , field = 'dowiso' },
		w = { fmt = '%d'  , field = 'dow' },
		d = { fmt = '%02d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'day' },
		m = { fmt = '%02d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'month' },
		Y = { fmt = '%04d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'year' },
		H = { fmt = '%02d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'hour' },
		M = { fmt = '%02d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'minute' },
		S = { fmt = '%02d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'second' },
		j = { fmt = '%03d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'dayofyear' },
		I = { fmt = '%02d', fmt2 = '%d', field = 'hour', special = 'hour12' },
		p = { field = 'hour', special = 'am' },
	}
	options = make_option_table(options, date.options)
	local amopt = options.am
	local eraopt = options.era
	local function replace_code(spaces, modifier, id)
		local code = codes[id]
		if code then
			local fmt = code.fmt
			if modifier == '-' and code.fmt2 then
				fmt = code.fmt2
			end
			local value = date[code.field]
			if not value then
				return nil  -- an undefined field in a partial date
			end
			local special = code.special
			if special then
				if special == 'hour12' then
					value = value % 12
					value = value == 0 and 12 or value
				elseif special == 'am' then
					local ap = ({
						['a.m.'] = { 'a.m.', 'p.m.' },
						['AM'] = { 'AM', 'PM' },
						['A.M.'] = { 'A.M.', 'P.M.' },
					})[ampm_options[amopt]] or { 'am', 'pm' }
					return (spaces == '' and '' or '&amp;nbsp;') .. (value &lt; 12 and ap[1] or ap[2])
				end
			end
			if code.field == 'year' then
				local sign = (era_text[eraopt] or {}).sign
				if not sign or format:find('%{era}', 1, true) then
					sign = ''
					if value &lt;= 0 then
						value = 1 - value
					end
				else
					if value &gt;= 0 then
						sign = ''
					else
						value = -value
					end
				end
				return spaces .. sign .. sformat(fmt, value)
			end
			return spaces .. (fmt and sformat(fmt, value) or value)
		end
	end
	local function replace_property(spaces, id)
		if id == 'era' then
			-- Special case so can use local era option.
			local result = get_era_for_year(eraopt, date.year)
			if result == '' then
				return ''
			end
			return (spaces == '' and '' or '&amp;nbsp;') .. result
		end
		local result = date[id]
		if type(result) == 'string' then
			return spaces .. result
		end
		if type(result) == 'number' then
			return  spaces .. tostring(result)
		end
		if type(result) == 'boolean' then
			return  spaces .. (result and '1' or '0')
		end
		-- This occurs if id is an undefined field in a partial date, or is the name of a function.
		return nil
	end
	local PERCENT = '\127PERCENT\127'
	return (format
		:gsub('%%%%', PERCENT)
		:gsub('(%s*)%%{(%w+)}', replace_property)
		:gsub('(%s*)%%(%-?)(%a)', replace_code)
		:gsub(PERCENT, '%%')
	)
end

local function _date_text(date, fmt, options)
	-- Return a formatted string representing the given date.
	if not is_date(date) then
		error('date:text: need a date (use &quot;date:text()&quot; with a colon)', 2)
	end
	if type(fmt) == 'string' and fmt:match('%S') then
		if fmt:find('%', 1, true) then
			return strftime(date, fmt, options)
		end
	elseif date.partial then
		fmt = date.month and 'my' or 'y'
	else
		fmt = 'dmy'
		if date.hastime then
			fmt = (date.second &gt; 0 and 'hms ' or 'hm ') .. fmt
		end
	end
	local function bad_format()
		-- For consistency with other format processing, return given format
		-- (or cleaned format if original was not a string) if invalid.
		return mw.text.nowiki(fmt)
	end
	if date.partial then
		-- Ignore days in standard formats like 'ymd'.
		if fmt == 'ym' or fmt == 'ymd' then
			fmt = date.month and '%Y-%m %{era}' or '%Y %{era}'
		elseif fmt == 'my' or fmt == 'dmy' or fmt == 'mdy' then
			fmt = date.month and '%B %-Y %{era}' or '%-Y %{era}'
		elseif fmt == 'y' then
			fmt = date.month and '%-Y %{era}' or '%-Y %{era}'
		else
			return bad_format()
		end
		return strftime(date, fmt, options)
	end
	local function hm_fmt()
		local plain = make_option_table(options, date.options).bydefault.am
		return plain and '%H:%M' or '%-I:%M %p'
	end
	local need_time = date.hastime
	local t = collection()
	for item in fmt:gmatch('%S+') do
		local f
		if item == 'hm' then
			f = hm_fmt()
			need_time = false
		elseif item == 'hms' then
			f = '%H:%M:%S'
			need_time = false
		elseif item == 'ymd' then
			f = '%Y-%m-%d %{era}'
		elseif item == 'mdy' then
			f = '%B %-d, %-Y %{era}'
		elseif item == 'dmy' then
			f = '%-d %B %-Y %{era}'
		else
			return bad_format()
		end
		t:add(f)
	end
	fmt = t:join(' ')
	if need_time then
		fmt = hm_fmt() .. ' ' .. fmt
	end
	return strftime(date, fmt, options)
end

local day_info = {
	-- 0=Sun to 6=Sat
	[0] = { 'Sun', 'Sunday' },
	{ 'Mon', 'Monday' },
	{ 'Tue', 'Tuesday' },
	{ 'Wed', 'Wednesday' },
	{ 'Thu', 'Thursday' },
	{ 'Fri', 'Friday' },
	{ 'Sat', 'Saturday' },
}

local month_info = {
	-- 1=Jan to 12=Dec
	{ 'Jan', 'January' },
	{ 'Feb', 'February' },
	{ 'Mar', 'March' },
	{ 'Apr', 'April' },
	{ 'May', 'May' },
	{ 'Jun', 'June' },
	{ 'Jul', 'July' },
	{ 'Aug', 'August' },
	{ 'Sep', 'September' },
	{ 'Oct', 'October' },
	{ 'Nov', 'November' },
	{ 'Dec', 'December' },
}

local function name_to_number(text, translate)
	if type(text) == 'string' then
		return translate[text:lower()]
	end
end

local function day_number(text)
	return name_to_number(text, {
		sun = 0, sunday = 0,
		mon = 1, monday = 1,
		tue = 2, tuesday = 2,
		wed = 3, wednesday = 3,
		thu = 4, thursday = 4,
		fri = 5, friday = 5,
		sat = 6, saturday = 6,
	})
end

local function month_number(text)
	return name_to_number(text:gsub('%.', ''), {
		jan = 1, january = 1,
		feb = 2, february = 2,
		mar = 3, march = 3,
		apr = 4, april = 4,
		may = 5,
		jun = 6, june = 6,
		jul = 7, july = 7,
		aug = 8, august = 8,
		sep = 9, september = 9, sept = 9,
		oct = 10, october = 10,
		nov = 11, november = 11,
		dec = 12, december = 12,
	})
end

local function _list_text(list, fmt)
	-- Return a list of formatted strings from a list of dates.
	if not type(list) == 'table' then
		error('date:list:text: need &quot;list:text()&quot; with a colon', 2)
	end
	local result = { join = _list_join }
	for i, date in ipairs(list) do
		result[i] = date:text(fmt)
	end
	return result
end

local function _date_list(date, spec)
	-- Return a possibly empty numbered table of dates meeting the specification.
	-- Dates in the list are in ascending order (oldest date first).
	-- The spec should be a string of form &quot;&lt;count&gt; &lt;day&gt; &lt;op&gt;&quot;
	-- where each item is optional and
	--   count = number of items wanted in list
	--   day = abbreviation or name such as Mon or Monday
	--   op = &gt;, &gt;=, &lt;, &lt;= (default is &gt; meaning after date)
	-- If no count is given, the list is for the specified days in date's month.
	-- The default day is date's day.
	-- The spec can also be a positive or negative number:
	--   -5 is equivalent to '5 &lt;'
	--   5  is equivalent to '5' which is '5 &gt;'
	if not is_date(date) then
		error('date:list: need a date (use &quot;date:list()&quot; with a colon)', 2)
	end
	local list = { text = _list_text }
	if date.partial then
		return list
	end
	local count, offset, operation
	local ops = {
		['&gt;='] = { before = false, include = true  },
		['&gt;']  = { before = false, include = false },
		['&lt;='] = { before = true , include = true  },
		['&lt;']  = { before = true , include = false },
	}
	if spec then
		if type(spec) == 'number' then
			count = floor(spec + 0.5)
			if count &lt; 0 then
				count = -count
				operation = ops['&lt;']
			end
		elseif type(spec) == 'string' then
			local num, day, op = spec:match('^%s*(%d*)%s*(%a*)%s*([&lt;&gt;=]*)%s*$')
			if not num then
				return list
			end
			if num ~= '' then
				count = tonumber(num)
			end
			if day ~= '' then
				local dow = day_number(day:gsub('[sS]$', ''))  -- accept plural days
				if not dow then
					return list
				end
				offset = dow - date.dow
			end
			operation = ops[op]
		else
			return list
		end
	end
	offset = offset or 0
	operation = operation or ops['&gt;']
	local datefrom, dayfirst, daylast
	if operation.before then
		if offset &gt; 0 or (offset == 0 and not operation.include) then
			offset = offset - 7
		end
		if count then
			if count &gt; 1 then
				offset = offset - 7*(count - 1)
			end
			datefrom = date + offset
		else
			daylast = date.day + offset
			dayfirst = daylast % 7
			if dayfirst == 0 then
				dayfirst = 7
			end
		end
	else
		if offset &lt; 0 or (offset == 0 and not operation.include) then
			offset = offset + 7
		end
		if count then
			datefrom = date + offset
		else
			dayfirst = date.day + offset
			daylast = date.monthdays
		end
	end
	if not count then
		if daylast &lt; dayfirst then
			return list
		end
		count = floor((daylast - dayfirst)/7) + 1
		datefrom = Date(date, {day = dayfirst})
	end
	for i = 1, count do
		if not datefrom then break end  -- exceeds date limits
		list[i] = datefrom
		datefrom = datefrom + 7
	end
	return list
end

-- Cache the current date/time (UTC).
--
-- Note that os.date() returns an empty object with optimized lazy getters for each field.
-- Avoid current.min or current.sec in articles! https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416616
--
-- Beware that while os.date() uses 'min' and 'sec', our Date() uses 'minute' and 'second'.
local current = os.date('!*t')

local function extract_date(newdate, text)
	-- Parse the date/time in text and return n, o where
	--   n = table of numbers with date/time fields
	--   o = table of options for AM/PM or AD/BC or format, if any
	-- or return nothing if date is known to be invalid.
	-- Caller determines if the values in n are valid.
	-- A year must be positive ('1' to '9999'); use 'BC' for BC.
	-- In a y-m-d string, the year must be four digits to avoid ambiguity
	-- ('0001' to '9999'). The only way to enter year &lt;= 0 is by specifying
	-- the date as three numeric parameters like ymd Date(-1, 1, 1).
	-- Dates of form d/m/y, m/d/y, y/m/d are rejected as potentially ambiguous.
	local date, options = {}, {}
	if text:sub(-1) == 'Z' then
		-- Extract date/time from a Wikidata timestamp.
		-- The year can be 1 to 16 digits but this module handles 1 to 4 digits only.
		-- Examples: '+2016-06-21T14:30:00Z', '-0000000180-00-00T00:00:00Z'.
		local sign, y, m, d, H, M, S = text:match('^([+%-])(%d+)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)T(%d%d):(%d%d):(%d%d)Z$')
		if sign then
			y = tonumber(y)
			if sign == '-' and y &gt; 0 then
				y = -y
			end
			if y &lt;= 0 then
				options.era = 'BCE'
			end
			date.year = y
			m = tonumber(m)
			d = tonumber(d)
			H = tonumber(H)
			M = tonumber(M)
			S = tonumber(S)
			if m == 0 then
				newdate.partial = true
				return date, options
			end
			date.month = m
			if d == 0 then
				newdate.partial = true
				return date, options
			end
			date.day = d
			if H &gt; 0 or M &gt; 0 or S &gt; 0 then
				date.hour = H
				date.minute = M
				date.second = S
			end
			return date, options
		end
		return
	end
	local function extract_ymd(item)
		-- Called when no day or month has been set.
		local y, m, d = item:match('^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%w+)%-(%d%d?)$')
		if y then
			if date.year then
				return
			end
			if m:match('^%d%d?$') then
				m = tonumber(m)
			else
				m = month_number(m)
			end
			if m then
				date.year = tonumber(y)
				date.month = m
				date.day = tonumber(d)
				return true
			end
		end
	end
	local function extract_day_or_year(item)
		-- Called when a day would be valid, or
		-- when a year would be valid if no year has been set and partial is set.
		local number, suffix = item:match('^(%d%d?%d?%d?)(.*)$')
		if number then
			local n = tonumber(number)
			if #number &lt;= 2 and n &lt;= 31 then
				suffix = suffix:lower()
				if suffix == '' or suffix == 'st' or suffix == 'nd' or suffix == 'rd' or suffix == 'th' then
					date.day = n
					return true
				end
			elseif suffix == '' and newdate.partial and not date.year then
				date.year = n
				return true
			end
		end
	end
	local function extract_month(item)
		-- A month must be given as a name or abbreviation; a number could be ambiguous.
		local m = month_number(item)
		if m then
			date.month = m
			return true
		end
	end
	local function extract_time(item)
		local h, m, s = item:match('^(%d%d?):(%d%d)(:?%d*)$')
		if date.hour or not h then
			return
		end
		if s ~= '' then
			s = s:match('^:(%d%d)$')
			if not s then
				return
			end
		end
		date.hour = tonumber(h)
		date.minute = tonumber(m)
		date.second = tonumber(s)  -- nil if empty string
		return true
	end
	local item_count = 0
	local index_time
	local function set_ampm(item)
		local H = date.hour
		if H and not options.am and index_time + 1 == item_count then
			options.am = ampm_options[item]  -- caller checked this is not nil
			if item:match('^[Aa]') then
				if not (1 &lt;= H and H &lt;= 12) then
					return
				end
				if H == 12 then
					date.hour = 0
				end
			else
				if not (1 &lt;= H and H &lt;= 23) then
					return
				end
				if H &lt;= 11 then
					date.hour = H + 12
				end
			end
			return true
		end
	end
	for item in text:gsub(',', ' '):gsub('&amp;nbsp;', ' '):gmatch('%S+') do
		item_count = item_count + 1
		if era_text[item] then
			-- Era is accepted in peculiar places.
			if options.era then
				return
			end
			options.era = item
		elseif ampm_options[item] then
			if not set_ampm(item) then
				return
			end
		elseif item:find(':', 1, true) then
			if not extract_time(item) then
				return
			end
			index_time = item_count
		elseif date.day and date.month then
			if date.year then
				return  -- should be nothing more so item is invalid
			end
			if not item:match('^(%d%d?%d?%d?)$') then
				return
			end
			date.year = tonumber(item)
		elseif date.day then
			if not extract_month(item) then
				return
			end
		elseif date.month then
			if not extract_day_or_year(item) then
				return
			end
		elseif extract_month(item) then
			options.format = 'mdy'
		elseif extract_ymd(item) then
			options.format = 'ymd'
		elseif extract_day_or_year(item) then
			if date.day then
				options.format = 'dmy'
			end
		else
			return
		end
	end
	if not date.year or date.year == 0 then
		return
	end
	local era = era_text[options.era]
	if era and era.isbc then
		date.year = 1 - date.year
	end
	return date, options
end

local function autofill(date1, date2)
	-- Fill any missing month or day in each date using the
	-- corresponding component from the other date, if present,
	-- or with 1 if both dates are missing the month or day.
	-- This gives a good result for calculating the difference
	-- between two partial dates when no range is wanted.
	-- Return filled date1, date2 (two full dates).
	local function filled(a, b)
		-- Return date a filled, if necessary, with month and/or day from date b.
		-- The filled day is truncated to fit the number of days in the month.
		local fillmonth, fillday
		if not a.month then
			fillmonth = b.month or 1
		end
		if not a.day then
			fillday = b.day or 1
		end
		if fillmonth or fillday then  -- need to create a new date
			a = Date(a, {
				month = fillmonth,
				day = math.min(fillday or a.day, days_in_month(a.year, fillmonth or a.month, a.calendar))
			})
		end
		return a
	end
	return filled(date1, date2), filled(date2, date1)
end

local function date_add_sub(lhs, rhs, is_sub)
	-- Return a new date from calculating (lhs + rhs) or (lhs - rhs),
	-- or return nothing if invalid.
	-- The result is nil if the calculated date exceeds allowable limits.
	-- Caller ensures that lhs is a date; its properties are copied for the new date.
	if lhs.partial then
		-- Adding to a partial is not supported.
		-- Can subtract a date or partial from a partial, but this is not called for that.
		return
	end
	local function is_prefix(text, word, minlen)
		local n = #text
		return (minlen or 1) &lt;= n and n &lt;= #word and text == word:sub(1, n)
	end
	local function do_days(n)
		local forcetime, jd
		if floor(n) == n then
			jd = lhs.jd
		else
			forcetime = not lhs.hastime
			jd = lhs.jdz
		end
		jd = jd + (is_sub and -n or n)
		if forcetime then
			jd = tostring(jd)
			if not jd:find('.', 1, true) then
				jd = jd .. '.0'
			end
		end
		return Date(lhs, 'juliandate', jd)
	end
	if type(rhs) == 'number' then
		-- Add/subtract days, including fractional days.
		return do_days(rhs)
	end
	if type(rhs) == 'string' then
		-- rhs is a single component like '26m' or '26 months' (with optional sign).
		-- Fractions like '3.25d' are accepted for the units which are handled as days.
		local sign, numstr, id = rhs:match('^%s*([+-]?)([%d%.]+)%s*(%a+)$')
		if sign then
			if sign == '-' then
				is_sub = not (is_sub and true or false)
			end
			local y, m, days
			local num = tonumber(numstr)
			if not num then
				return
			end
			id = id:lower()
			if is_prefix(id, 'years') then
				y = num
				m = 0
			elseif is_prefix(id, 'months') then
				y = floor(num / 12)
				m = num % 12
			elseif is_prefix(id, 'weeks') then
				days = num * 7
			elseif is_prefix(id, 'days') then
				days = num
			elseif is_prefix(id, 'hours') then
				days = num / 24
			elseif is_prefix(id, 'minutes', 3) then
				days = num / (24 * 60)
			elseif is_prefix(id, 'seconds') then
				days = num / (24 * 3600)
			else
				return
			end
			if days then
				return do_days(days)
			end
			if numstr:find('.', 1, true) then
				return
			end
			if is_sub then
				y = -y
				m = -m
			end
			assert(-11 &lt;= m and m &lt;= 11)
			y = lhs.year + y
			m = lhs.month + m
			if m &gt; 12 then
				y = y + 1
				m = m - 12
			elseif m &lt; 1 then
				y = y - 1
				m = m + 12
			end
			local d = math.min(lhs.day, days_in_month(y, m, lhs.calendar))
			return Date(lhs, y, m, d)
		end
	end
	if is_diff(rhs) then
		local days = rhs.age_days
		if (is_sub or false) ~= (rhs.isnegative or false) then
			days = -days
		end
		return lhs + days
	end
end

local full_date_only = {
	dayabbr = true,
	dayname = true,
	dow = true,
	dayofweek = true,
	dowiso = true,
	dayofweekiso = true,
	dayofyear = true,
	gsd = true,
	juliandate = true,
	jd = true,
	jdz = true,
	jdnoon = true,
}

-- Metatable for a date's calculated fields.
local datemt = {
	__index = function (self, key)
		if rawget(self, 'partial') then
			if full_date_only[key] then return end
			if key == 'monthabbr' or key == 'monthdays' or key == 'monthname' then
				if not self.month then return end
			end
		end
		local value
		if key == 'dayabbr' then
			value = day_info[self.dow][1]
		elseif key == 'dayname' then
			value = day_info[self.dow][2]
		elseif key == 'dow' then
			value = (self.jdnoon + 1) % 7  -- day-of-week 0=Sun to 6=Sat
		elseif key == 'dayofweek' then
			value = self.dow
		elseif key == 'dowiso' then
			value = (self.jdnoon % 7) + 1  -- ISO day-of-week 1=Mon to 7=Sun
		elseif key == 'dayofweekiso' then
			value = self.dowiso
		elseif key == 'dayofyear' then
			local first = Date(self.year, 1, 1, self.calendar).jdnoon
			value = self.jdnoon - first + 1  -- day-of-year 1 to 366
		elseif key == 'era' then
			-- Era text (never a negative sign) from year and options.
			value = get_era_for_year(self.options.era, self.year)
		elseif key == 'format' then
			value = self.options.format or 'dmy'
		elseif key == 'gsd' then
			-- GSD = 1 from 00:00:00 to 23:59:59 on 1 January 1 AD Gregorian calendar,
			-- which is from jd 1721425.5 to 1721426.49999.
			value = floor(self.jd - 1721424.5)
		elseif key == 'juliandate' or key == 'jd' or key == 'jdz' then
			local jd, jdz = julian_date(self)
			rawset(self, 'juliandate', jd)
			rawset(self, 'jd', jd)
			rawset(self, 'jdz', jdz)
			return key == 'jdz' and jdz or jd
		elseif key == 'jdnoon' then
			-- Julian date at noon (an integer) on the calendar day when jd occurs.
			value = floor(self.jd + 0.5)
		elseif key == 'isleapyear' then
			value = is_leap_year(self.year, self.calendar)
		elseif key == 'monthabbr' then
			value = month_info[self.month][1]
		elseif key == 'monthdays' then
			value = days_in_month(self.year, self.month, self.calendar)
		elseif key == 'monthname' then
			value = month_info[self.month][2]
		end
		if value ~= nil then
			rawset(self, key, value)
			return value
		end
	end,
}

-- Date operators.
local function mt_date_add(lhs, rhs)
	if not is_date(lhs) then
		lhs, rhs = rhs, lhs  -- put date on left (it must be a date for this to have been called)
	end
	return date_add_sub(lhs, rhs)
end

local function mt_date_sub(lhs, rhs)
	if is_date(lhs) then
		if is_date(rhs) then
			return DateDiff(lhs, rhs)
		end
		return date_add_sub(lhs, rhs, true)
	end
end

local function mt_date_concat(lhs, rhs)
	return tostring(lhs) .. tostring(rhs)
end

local function mt_date_tostring(self)
	return self:text()
end

local function mt_date_eq(lhs, rhs)
	-- Return true if dates identify same date/time where, for example,
	-- Date(-4712, 1, 1, 'Julian') == Date(-4713, 11, 24, 'Gregorian') is true.
	-- This is called only if lhs and rhs have the same type and the same metamethod.
	if lhs.partial or rhs.partial then
		-- One date is partial; the other is a partial or a full date.
		-- The months may both be nil, but must be the same.
		return lhs.year == rhs.year and lhs.month == rhs.month and lhs.calendar == rhs.calendar
	end
	return lhs.jdz == rhs.jdz
end

local function mt_date_lt(lhs, rhs)
	-- Return true if lhs &lt; rhs, for example,
	-- Date('1 Jan 2016') &lt; Date('06:00 1 Jan 2016') is true.
	-- This is called only if lhs and rhs have the same type and the same metamethod.
	if lhs.partial or rhs.partial then
		-- One date is partial; the other is a partial or a full date.
		if lhs.calendar ~= rhs.calendar then
			return lhs.calendar == 'Julian'
		end
		if lhs.partial then
			lhs = lhs.partial.first
		end
		if rhs.partial then
			rhs = rhs.partial.first
		end
	end
	return lhs.jdz &lt; rhs.jdz
end

--[[ Examples of syntax to construct a date:
Date(y, m, d, 'julian')             default calendar is 'gregorian'
Date(y, m, d, H, M, S, 'julian')
Date('juliandate', jd, 'julian')    if jd contains &quot;.&quot; text output includes H:M:S
Date('currentdate')
Date('currentdatetime')
Date('1 April 1995', 'julian')      parse date from text
Date('1 April 1995 AD', 'julian')   using an era sets a flag to do the same for output
Date('04:30:59 1 April 1995', 'julian')
Date(date)                          copy of an existing date
Date(date, t)                       same, updated with y,m,d,H,M,S fields from table t
Date(t)                       		date with y,m,d,H,M,S fields from table t
]]
function Date(...)  -- for forward declaration above
	-- Return a table holding a date assuming a uniform calendar always applies
	-- (proleptic Gregorian calendar or proleptic Julian calendar), or
	-- return nothing if date is invalid.
	-- A partial date has a valid year, however its month may be nil, and
	-- its day and time fields are nil.
	-- Field partial is set to false (if a full date) or a table (if a partial date).
	local calendars = { julian = 'Julian', gregorian = 'Gregorian' }
	local newdate = {
		_id = uniq,
		calendar = 'Gregorian',  -- default is Gregorian calendar
		hastime = false,  -- true if input sets a time
		hour = 0,  -- always set hour/minute/second so don't have to handle nil
		minute = 0,
		second = 0,
		options = {},
		list = _date_list,
		subtract = function (self, rhs, options)
			return DateDiff(self, rhs, options)
		end,
		text = _date_text,
	}
	local argtype, datetext, is_copy, jd_number, tnums
	local numindex = 0
	local numfields = { 'year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second' }
	local numbers = {}
	for _, v in ipairs({...}) do
		v = strip_to_nil(v)
		local vlower = type(v) == 'string' and v:lower() or nil
		if v == nil then
			-- Ignore empty arguments after stripping so modules can directly pass template parameters.
		elseif calendars[vlower] then
			newdate.calendar = calendars[vlower]
		elseif vlower == 'partial' then
			newdate.partial = true
		elseif vlower == 'fix' then
			newdate.want_fix = true
		elseif is_date(v) then
			-- Copy existing date (items can be overridden by other arguments).
			if is_copy or tnums then
				return
			end
			is_copy = true
			newdate.calendar = v.calendar
			newdate.partial = v.partial
			newdate.hastime = v.hastime
			newdate.options = v.options
			newdate.year = v.year
			newdate.month = v.month
			newdate.day = v.day
			newdate.hour = v.hour
			newdate.minute = v.minute
			newdate.second = v.second
		elseif type(v) == 'table' then
			if tnums then
				return
			end
			tnums = {}
			local tfields = { year=1, month=1, day=1, hour=2, minute=2, second=2 }
			for tk, tv in pairs(v) do
				if tfields[tk] then
					tnums[tk] = tonumber(tv)
				end
				if tfields[tk] == 2 then
					newdate.hastime = true
				end
			end
		else
			local num = tonumber(v)
			if not num and argtype == 'setdate' and numindex == 1 then
				num = month_number(v)
			end
			if num then
				if not argtype then
					argtype = 'setdate'
				end
				if argtype == 'setdate' and numindex &lt; 6 then
					numindex = numindex + 1
					numbers[numfields[numindex]] = num
				elseif argtype == 'juliandate' and not jd_number then
					jd_number = num
					if type(v) == 'string' then
						if v:find('.', 1, true) then
							newdate.hastime = true
						end
					elseif num ~= floor(num) then
						-- The given value was a number. The time will be used
						-- if the fractional part is nonzero.
						newdate.hastime = true
					end
				else
					return
				end
			elseif argtype then
				return
			elseif type(v) == 'string' then
				if v == 'currentdate' or v == 'currentdatetime' or v == 'juliandate' then
					argtype = v
				else
					argtype = 'datetext'
					datetext = v
				end
			else
				return
			end
		end
	end
	if argtype == 'datetext' then
		if tnums or not set_date_from_numbers(newdate, extract_date(newdate, datetext)) then
			return
		end
	elseif argtype == 'juliandate' then
		newdate.partial = nil
		newdate.jd = jd_number
		if not set_date_from_jd(newdate) then
			return
		end
	elseif argtype == 'currentdate' or argtype == 'currentdatetime' then
		newdate.partial = nil
		newdate.year = current.year
		newdate.month = current.month
		newdate.day = current.day
		if argtype == 'currentdatetime' then
			newdate.hour = current.hour
			newdate.minute = current.min
			newdate.second = current.sec
			newdate.hastime = true
		end
		newdate.calendar = 'Gregorian'  -- ignore any given calendar name
	elseif argtype == 'setdate' then
		if tnums or not set_date_from_numbers(newdate, numbers) then
			return
		end
	elseif not (is_copy or tnums) then
		return
	end
	if tnums then
		newdate.jd = nil  -- force recalculation in case jd was set before changes from tnums
		if not set_date_from_numbers(newdate, tnums) then
			return
		end
	end
	if newdate.partial then
		local year = newdate.year
		local month = newdate.month
		local first = Date(year, month or 1, 1, newdate.calendar)
		month = month or 12
		local last = Date(year, month, days_in_month(year, month), newdate.calendar)
		newdate.partial = { first = first, last = last }
	else
		newdate.partial = false  -- avoid index lookup
	end
	setmetatable(newdate, datemt)
	local readonly = {}
	local mt = {
		__index = newdate,
		__newindex = function(t, k, v) error('date.' .. tostring(k) .. ' is read-only', 2) end,
		__add = mt_date_add,
		__sub = mt_date_sub,
		__concat = mt_date_concat,
		__tostring = mt_date_tostring,
		__eq = mt_date_eq,
		__lt = mt_date_lt,
	}
	return setmetatable(readonly, mt)
end

local function _diff_age(diff, code, options)
	-- Return a tuple of integer values from diff as specified by code, except that
	-- each integer may be a list of two integers for a diff with a partial date, or
	-- return nil if the code is not supported.
	-- If want round, the least significant unit is rounded to nearest whole unit.
	-- For a duration, an extra day is added.
	local wantround, wantduration, wantrange
	if type(options) == 'table' then
		wantround = options.round
		wantduration = options.duration
		wantrange = options.range
	else
		wantround = options
	end
	if not is_diff(diff) then
		local f = wantduration and 'duration' or 'age'
		error(f .. ': need a date difference (use &quot;diff:' .. f .. '()&quot; with a colon)', 2)
	end
	if diff.partial then
		-- Ignore wantround, wantduration.
		local function choose(v)
			if type(v) == 'table' then
				if not wantrange or v[1] == v[2] then
					-- Example: Date('partial', 2005) - Date('partial', 2001) gives
					-- diff.years = { 3, 4 } to show the range of possible results.
					-- If do not want a range, choose the second value as more expected.
					return v[2]
				end
			end
			return v
		end
		if code == 'ym' or code == 'ymd' then
			if not wantrange and diff.iszero then
				-- This avoids an unexpected result such as
				-- Date('partial', 2001) - Date('partial', 2001)
				-- giving diff = { years = 0, months = { 0, 11 } }
				-- which would be reported as 0 years and 11 months.
				return 0, 0
			end
			return choose(diff.partial.years), choose(diff.partial.months)
		end
		if code == 'y' then
			return choose(diff.partial.years)
		end
		if code == 'm' or code == 'w' or code == 'd' then
			return choose({ diff.partial.mindiff:age(code), diff.partial.maxdiff:age(code) })
		end
		return nil
	end
	local extra_days = wantduration and 1 or 0
	if code == 'wd' or code == 'w' or code == 'd' then
		local offset = wantround and 0.5 or 0
		local days = diff.age_days + extra_days
		if code == 'wd' or code == 'd' then
			days = floor(days + offset)
			if code == 'd' then
				return days
			end
			return floor(days/7), days % 7
		end
		return floor(days/7 + offset)
	end
	local H, M, S = diff.hours, diff.minutes, diff.seconds
	if code == 'dh' or code == 'dhm' or code == 'dhms' or code == 'h' or code == 'hm' or code == 'hms' or code == 'M' or code == 's' then
		local days = floor(diff.age_days + extra_days)
		local inc_hour
		if wantround then
			if code == 'dh' or code == 'h' then
				if M &gt;= 30 then
					inc_hour = true
				end
			elseif code == 'dhm' or code == 'hm' then
				if S &gt;= 30 then
					M = M + 1
					if M &gt;= 60 then
						M = 0
						inc_hour = true
					end
				end
			elseif code == 'M' then
				if S &gt;= 30 then
					M = M + 1
				end
			else
				-- Nothing needed because S is an integer.
			end
			if inc_hour then
				H = H + 1
				if H &gt;= 24 then
					H = 0
					days = days + 1
				end
			end
		end
		if code == 'dh' or code == 'dhm' or code == 'dhms' then
			if code == 'dh' then
				return days, H
			elseif code == 'dhm' then
				return days, H, M
			else
				return days, H, M, S
			end
		end
		local hours = days * 24 + H
		if code == 'h' then
			return hours
		elseif code == 'hm' then
			return hours, M
		elseif code == 'M' or code == 's' then
			M = hours * 60 + M
			if code == 'M' then
				return M
			end
			return M * 60 + S
		end
		return hours, M, S
	end
	if wantround then
		local inc_hour
		if code == 'ymdh' or code == 'ymwdh' then
			if M &gt;= 30 then
				inc_hour = true
			end
		elseif code == 'ymdhm' or code == 'ymwdhm' then
			if S &gt;= 30 then
				M = M + 1
				if M &gt;= 60 then
					M = 0
					inc_hour = true
				end
			end
		elseif code == 'ymd' or code == 'ymwd' or code == 'yd' or code == 'md' then
			if H &gt;= 12 then
				extra_days = extra_days + 1
			end
		end
		if inc_hour then
			H = H + 1
			if H &gt;= 24 then
				H = 0
				extra_days = extra_days + 1
			end
		end
	end
	local y, m, d = diff.years, diff.months, diff.days
	if extra_days &gt; 0 then
		d = d + extra_days
		if d &gt; 28 or code == 'yd' then
			-- Recalculate in case have passed a month.
			diff = diff.date1 + extra_days - diff.date2
			y, m, d = diff.years, diff.months, diff.days
		end
	end
	if code == 'ymd' then
		return y, m, d
	elseif code == 'yd' then
		if y &gt; 0 then
			-- It is known that diff.date1 &gt; diff.date2.
			diff = diff.date1 - (diff.date2 + (y .. 'y'))
		end
		return y, floor(diff.age_days)
	elseif code == 'md' then
		return y * 12 + m, d
	elseif code == 'ym' or code == 'm' then
		if wantround then
			if d &gt;= 16 then
				m = m + 1
				if m &gt;= 12 then
					m = 0
					y = y + 1
				end
			end
		end
		if code == 'ym' then
			return y, m
		end
		return y * 12 + m
	elseif code == 'ymw' then
		local weeks = floor(d/7)
		if wantround then
			local days = d % 7
			if days &gt; 3 or (days == 3 and H &gt;= 12) then
				weeks = weeks + 1
			end
		end
		return y, m, weeks
	elseif code == 'ymwd' then
		return y, m, floor(d/7), d % 7
	elseif code == 'ymdh' then
		return y, m, d, H
	elseif code == 'ymwdh' then
		return y, m, floor(d/7), d % 7, H
	elseif code == 'ymdhm' then
		return y, m, d, H, M
	elseif code == 'ymwdhm' then
		return y, m, floor(d/7), d % 7, H, M
	end
	if code == 'y' then
		if wantround and m &gt;= 6 then
			y = y + 1
		end
		return y
	end
	return nil
end

local function _diff_duration(diff, code, options)
	if type(options) ~= 'table' then
		options = { round = options }
	end
	options.duration = true
	return _diff_age(diff, code, options)
end

-- Metatable for some operations on date differences.
diffmt = {  -- for forward declaration above
	__concat = function (lhs, rhs)
		return tostring(lhs) .. tostring(rhs)
	end,
	__tostring = function (self)
		return tostring(self.age_days)
	end,
	__index = function (self, key)
		local value
		if key == 'age_days' then
			if rawget(self, 'partial') then
				local function jdz(date)
					return (date.partial and date.partial.first or date).jdz
				end
				value = jdz(self.date1) - jdz(self.date2)
			else
				value = self.date1.jdz - self.date2.jdz
			end
		end
		if value ~= nil then
			rawset(self, key, value)
			return value
		end
	end,
}

function DateDiff(date1, date2, options)  -- for forward declaration above
	-- Return a table with the difference between two dates (date1 - date2).
	-- The difference is negative if date1 is older than date2.
	-- Return nothing if invalid.
	-- If d = date1 - date2 then
	--     date1 = date2 + d
	-- If date1 &gt;= date2 and the dates have no H:M:S time specified then
	--     date1 = date2 + (d.years..'y') + (d.months..'m') + d.days
	-- where the larger time units are added first.
	-- The result of Date(2015,1,x) + '1m' is Date(2015,2,28) for
	-- x = 28, 29, 30, 31. That means, for example,
	--     d = Date(2015,3,3) - Date(2015,1,31)
	-- gives d.years, d.months, d.days = 0, 1, 3 (excluding date1).
	if not (is_date(date1) and is_date(date2) and date1.calendar == date2.calendar) then
		return
	end
	local wantfill
	if type(options) == 'table' then
		wantfill = options.fill
	end
	local isnegative = false
	local iszero = false
	if date1 &lt; date2 then
		isnegative = true
		date1, date2 = date2, date1
	elseif date1 == date2 then
		iszero = true
	end
	-- It is known that date1 &gt;= date2 (period is from date2 to date1).
	if date1.partial or date2.partial then
		-- Two partial dates might have timelines:
		---------------------A=================B--- date1 is from A to B inclusive
		--------C=======D-------------------------- date2 is from C to D inclusive
		-- date1 &gt; date2 iff A &gt; C (date1.partial.first &gt; date2.partial.first)
		-- The periods can overlap ('April 2001' - '2001'):
		-------------A===B------------------------- A=2001-04-01  B=2001-04-30
		--------C=====================D------------ C=2001-01-01  D=2001-12-31
		if wantfill then
			date1, date2 = autofill(date1, date2)
		else
			local function zdiff(date1, date2)
				local diff = date1 - date2
				if diff.isnegative then
					return date1 - date1  -- a valid diff in case we call its methods
				end
				return diff
			end
			local function getdate(date, which)
				return date.partial and date.partial[which] or date
			end
			local maxdiff = zdiff(getdate(date1, 'last'), getdate(date2, 'first'))
			local mindiff = zdiff(getdate(date1, 'first'), getdate(date2, 'last'))
			local years, months
			if maxdiff.years == mindiff.years then
				years = maxdiff.years
				if maxdiff.months == mindiff.months then
					months = maxdiff.months
				else
					months = { mindiff.months, maxdiff.months }
				end
			else
				years = { mindiff.years, maxdiff.years }
			end
			return setmetatable({
				date1 = date1,
				date2 = date2,
				partial = {
					years = years,
					months = months,
					maxdiff = maxdiff,
					mindiff = mindiff,
				},
				isnegative = isnegative,
				iszero = iszero,
				age = _diff_age,
				duration = _diff_duration,
			}, diffmt)
		end
	end
	local y1, m1 = date1.year, date1.month
	local y2, m2 = date2.year, date2.month
	local years = y1 - y2
	local months = m1 - m2
	local d1 = date1.day + hms(date1)
	local d2 = date2.day + hms(date2)
	local days, time
	if d1 &gt;= d2 then
		days = d1 - d2
	else
		months = months - 1
		-- Get days in previous month (before the &quot;to&quot; date) given December has 31 days.
		local dpm = m1 &gt; 1 and days_in_month(y1, m1 - 1, date1.calendar) or 31
		if d2 &gt;= dpm then
			days = d1 - hms(date2)
		else
			days = dpm - d2 + d1
		end
	end
	if months &lt; 0 then
		years = years - 1
		months = months + 12
	end
	days, time = math.modf(days)
	local H, M, S = h_m_s(time)
	return setmetatable({
		date1 = date1,
		date2 = date2,
		partial = false,  -- avoid index lookup
		years = years,
		months = months,
		days = days,
		hours = H,
		minutes = M,
		seconds = S,
		isnegative = isnegative,
		iszero = iszero,
		age = _diff_age,
		duration = _diff_duration,
	}, diffmt)
end

return {
	_current = current,
	_Date = Date,
	_days_in_month = days_in_month,
}</text>
      <sha1>p4lffcwq8w4s1hro04tf52ddm3itw32</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Date/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33556</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157769</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:43:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{high use}} This module provides date functions for use by other modules. Dates in the [[Gregorian calendar]] and the [[Julian calendar]] are supported, from 9999 BCE to 9999 CE. The calendars are proleptic—they are assumed to apply at all times with no irregularities.  A date, with an optional time, can be specified in a variety of formats, and can be converted for display using a variety of formats, for example, 1 April 2016 or April 1, 2016. The properti...'</comment>
      <origin>157769</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9368" sha1="70mq6ad1r5m3th54ic2dat84mck5giw" xml:space="preserve">{{high use}}
This module provides date functions for use by other modules. Dates in the [[Gregorian calendar]] and the [[Julian calendar]] are supported, from 9999 BCE to 9999 CE. The calendars are proleptic—they are assumed to apply at all times with no irregularities.

A date, with an optional time, can be specified in a variety of formats, and can be converted for display using a variety of formats, for example, 1 April 2016 or April 1, 2016. The properties of a date include its [[Julian day|Julian date]] and its [[Gregorian date|Gregorian]] serial date, as well as the day-of-week and day-of-year.

Dates can be compared (for example, &lt;code&gt;date1 &lt;= date2&lt;/code&gt;), and can be used with add or subtract (for example, &lt;code&gt;date + '3 months'&lt;/code&gt;). The difference between two dates can be determined with &lt;code&gt;date1 - date2&lt;/code&gt;. These operations work with both Gregorian and Julian calendar dates, but &lt;code&gt;date1 - date2&lt;/code&gt; is nil if the two dates use different calendars.

The module provides the following items.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Export !! Description
|-
| &lt;code&gt;_current&lt;/code&gt;       || Table with the current year, month, day, hour, minute, second.
|-
| &lt;code&gt;_Date&lt;/code&gt;          || Function that returns a table for a specified date.
|-
| &lt;code&gt;_days_in_month&lt;/code&gt; || Function that returns the number of days in a month.
|}

The following has examples of using the module:
*[[Module:Date/example]] • Demonstration showing how Module:Date may be used.
*[[Module talk:Date/example]] • Output from the demonstration.

== Formatted output ==

A date can be formatted as text.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
local text = Date(2016, 7, 1):text()          -- result is '1 July 2016'
local text = Date(2016, 7, 1):text('%-d %B')  -- result is '1 July'
local text = Date('1 July 2016'):text('mdy')  -- result is 'July 1, 2016'
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The following simplified formatting codes are available.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| hm  || hour:minute, with &quot;am&quot; or &quot;pm&quot; or variant, if specified (14:30 or 2:30&amp;nbsp;pm or variant)
|-
| hms || hour:minute:second (14:30:45)
|-
| ymd || year-month-day (2016-07-01)
|-
| mdy || month day, year (July 1, 2016)
|-
| dmy || day month year (1 July 2016)
|}

The following formatting codes (similar to [[strftime]]) are available.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| %a  || Day abbreviation: Mon, Tue, ...
|-
| %A  || Day name: Monday, Tuesday, ...
|-
| %u  || Day of week: 1 to 7 (Monday to Sunday)
|-
| %w  || Day of week: 0 to 6 (Sunday to Saturday)
|-
| %d  || Day of month zero-padded: 01 to 31
|-
| %b  || Month abbreviation: Jan to Dec
|-
| %B  || Month name: January to December
|-
| %m  || Month zero-padded: 01 to 12
|-
| %Y  || Year zero-padded: 0012, 0120, 1200
|-
| %H  || Hour 24-hour clock zero-padded: 00 to 23
|-
| %I  || Hour 12-hour clock zero-padded: 01 to 12
|-
| %p  || AM or PM or as in options
|-
| %M  || Minute zero-padded: 00 to 59
|-
| %S  || Second zero-padded: 00 to 59
|-
| %j  || Day of year zero-padded: 001 to 366
|-
| %-d || Day of month: 1 to 31
|-
| %-m || Month: 1 to 12
|-
| %-Y || Year: 12, 120, 1200
|-
| %-H || Hour: 0 to 23
|-
| %-M || Minute: 0 to 59
|-
| %-S || Second: 0 to 59
|-
| %-j || Day of year: 1 to 366
|-
| %-I || Hour: 1 to 12
|-
| %%  || %
|}

In addition, &lt;code&gt;%{''property''}&lt;/code&gt; (where &lt;code&gt;''property''&lt;/code&gt; is any property of a date) can be used.

For example, &lt;code&gt;Date('1 Feb 2015 14:30:45 A.D.')&lt;/code&gt; has the following properties.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Result
|-
| %{calendar}     || Gregorian
|-
| %{year}         || 2015
|-
| %{month}        || 2
|-
| %{day}          || 1
|-
| %{hour}         || 14
|-
| %{minute}       || 30
|-
| %{second}       || 45
|-
| %{dayabbr}      || Sun
|-
| %{dayname}      || Sunday
|-
| %{dayofweek}    || 0
|-
| %{dow}          || 0 (same as dayofweek)
|-
| %{dayofweekiso} || 7
|-
| %{dowiso}       || 7 (same as dayofweekiso)
|-
| %{dayofyear}    || 32
|-
| %{era}          || A.D.
|-
| %{gsd}          || 735630 (numbers of days from 1 January 1 CE; the first is day 1)
|-
| %{juliandate}   || 2457055.1046875 ([[Julian day]])
|-
| %{jd}           || 2457055.1046875 (same as juliandate)
|-
| %{isleapyear}   || false
|-
| %{monthdays}    || 28
|-
| %{monthabbr}    || Feb
|-
| %{monthname}    || February
|}

Some shortcuts are available. Given &lt;code&gt;date = Date('1 Feb 2015 14:30')&lt;/code&gt;, the following results would occur.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code            !! Description   !! Example result               !! Equivalent format
|-
| date:text('%c') || date and time || 2:30&amp;nbsp;pm 1 February 2015 || %-I:%M %p %-d %B %-Y %{era}
|-
| date:text('%x') || date          || 1 February 2015              || %-d %B %-Y %{era}
|-
| date:text('%X') || time          || 2:30&amp;nbsp;pm                 || %-I:%M %p
|}

== Julian date ==

The following has an example of converting a [[Julian day|Julian date]] to a date, then obtaining information about the date.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
-- Code                                                -- Result
Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
date = Date('juliandate', 320)
number = date.gsd                                      -- -1721105
number = date.jd                                       -- 320
text = date.dayname                                    -- Saturday
text = date:text()                                     -- 9 October 4713&amp;nbsp;BC
text = date:text('%Y-%m-%d')                           -- 4713-10-09
text = date:text('%{era} %Y-%m-%d')                    -- BC 4713-10-09
text = date:text('%Y-%m-%d %{era}')                    -- 4713-10-09&amp;nbsp;BC
text = date:text('%Y-%m-%d %{era}', 'era=B.C.E.')      -- 4713-10-09&amp;nbsp;B.C.E.
text = date:text('%Y-%m-%d', 'era=BCNEGATIVE')         -- -4712-10-09
text = date:text('%Y-%m-%d', 'era=BCMINUS')            -- −4712-10-09 (uses Unicode MINUS SIGN U+2212)
text = Date('juliandate',320):text('%{gsd} %{jd}')     -- -1721105 320
text = Date('Oct 9, 4713 B.C.E.'):text('%{gsd} %{jd}') -- -1721105 320
text = Date(-4712,10,9):text('%{gsd} %{jd}')           -- -1721105 320
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Date differences ==

The difference between two dates can be determined with &lt;code&gt;date1 - date2&lt;/code&gt;. The result is valid if both dates use the Gregorian calendar or if both dates use the Julian calendar, otherwise the result is nil. An age and duration can be calculated from a date difference.

For example:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
-- Code                                      -- Result
Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
date1 = Date('21 Mar 2015')
date2 = Date('4 Dec 1999')
diff = date1 - date2
d = diff.age_days                            -- 5586
y, m, d = diff.years, diff.months, diff.days -- 15, 3, 17 (15 years + 3 months + 17 days)
y, m, d = diff:age('ymd')                    -- 15, 3, 17
y, m, w, d = diff:age('ymwd')                -- 15, 3, 2, 3 (15 years + 3 months + 2 weeks + 3 days)
y, m, w, d = diff:duration('ymwd')           -- 15, 3, 2, 4
d = diff:duration('d')                       -- 5587 (a duration includes the final day)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

A date difference holds the original dates except they are swapped so &lt;code&gt;diff.date1 &gt;= diff.date2&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;code&gt;diff.date1&lt;/code&gt; is the more recent date). This is shown in the following.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
date1 = Date('21 Mar 2015')
date2 = Date('4 Dec 1999')
diff = date1 - date2
neg = diff.isnegative                        -- false
text = diff.date1:text()                     -- 21 March 2015
text = diff.date2:text()                     -- 4 December 1999
diff = date2 - date1
neg = diff.isnegative                        -- true (dates have been swapped)
text = diff.date1:text()                     -- 21 March 2015
text = diff.date2:text()                     -- 4 December 1999
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

A date difference also holds a time difference:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
date1 = Date('8 Mar 2016 0:30:45')
date2 = Date('19 Jan 2014 22:55')
diff = date1 - date2
y, m, d = diff.years, diff.months, diff.days      -- 2, 1, 17
H, M, S = diff.hours, diff.minutes, diff.seconds  -- 1, 35, 45
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

A date difference can be added to a date, or subtracted from a date.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;lua&quot;&gt;
date1 = Date('8 Mar 2016 0:30:45')
date2 = Date('19 Jan 2014 22:55')
diff = date1 - date2
date3 = date2 + diff
date4 = date1 - diff
text = date3:text('ymd hms')        -- 2016-03-08 00:30:45
text = date4:text('ymd hms')        -- 2014-01-19 22:55:00
equal = (date1 == date3)            -- true
equal = (date2 == date4)            -- true
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The age and duration methods of a date difference accept a code that identifies the components that should be returned. An extra day is included for the duration method because it includes the final day.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Code !! Returned values
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'ymwd'&lt;/code&gt; || years, months, weeks, days
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'ymd'&lt;/code&gt;  || years, months, days
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'ym'&lt;/code&gt;   || years, months
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'y'&lt;/code&gt;    || years
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'m'&lt;/code&gt;    || months
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'wd'&lt;/code&gt;   || weeks, days
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'w'&lt;/code&gt;    || weeks
|-
| &lt;code&gt;'d'&lt;/code&gt;    || days
|}
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:Time, date and calendar modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;

&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>70mq6ad1r5m3th54ic2dat84mck5giw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana regions</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33557</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157770</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:44:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- File-Date: 2026-04-09 return { 	[&quot;AC&quot;] = {&quot;Ascension Island&quot;}, 	[&quot;AD&quot;] = {&quot;Andorra&quot;}, 	[&quot;AE&quot;] = {&quot;United Arab Emirates&quot;}, 	[&quot;AF&quot;] = {&quot;Afghanistan&quot;}, 	[&quot;AG&quot;] = {&quot;Antigua and Barbuda&quot;}, 	[&quot;AI&quot;] = {&quot;Anguilla&quot;}, 	[&quot;AL&quot;] = {&quot;Albania&quot;}, 	[&quot;AM&quot;] = {&quot;Armenia&quot;}, 	[&quot;AO&quot;] = {&quot;Angola&quot;}, 	[&quot;AQ&quot;] = {&quot;Antarctica&quot;}, 	[&quot;AR&quot;] = {&quot;Argentina&quot;}, 	[&quot;AS&quot;] = {&quot;American Samoa&quot;}, 	[&quot;AT&quot;] = {&quot;Austria&quot;}, 	[&quot;AU&quot;] = {&quot;Australia&quot;}, 	[&quot;AW&quot;] = {&quot;Aruba&quot;}, 	[&quot;AX&quot;] = {&quot;Åland Islands&quot;}, 	[&quot;AZ...'</comment>
      <origin>157770</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="8031" sha1="g6yaur4e17eza63dfjndtg5xzrqcitv" xml:space="preserve">-- File-Date: 2026-04-09
return {
	[&quot;AC&quot;] = {&quot;Ascension Island&quot;},
	[&quot;AD&quot;] = {&quot;Andorra&quot;},
	[&quot;AE&quot;] = {&quot;United Arab Emirates&quot;},
	[&quot;AF&quot;] = {&quot;Afghanistan&quot;},
	[&quot;AG&quot;] = {&quot;Antigua and Barbuda&quot;},
	[&quot;AI&quot;] = {&quot;Anguilla&quot;},
	[&quot;AL&quot;] = {&quot;Albania&quot;},
	[&quot;AM&quot;] = {&quot;Armenia&quot;},
	[&quot;AO&quot;] = {&quot;Angola&quot;},
	[&quot;AQ&quot;] = {&quot;Antarctica&quot;},
	[&quot;AR&quot;] = {&quot;Argentina&quot;},
	[&quot;AS&quot;] = {&quot;American Samoa&quot;},
	[&quot;AT&quot;] = {&quot;Austria&quot;},
	[&quot;AU&quot;] = {&quot;Australia&quot;},
	[&quot;AW&quot;] = {&quot;Aruba&quot;},
	[&quot;AX&quot;] = {&quot;Åland Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;AZ&quot;] = {&quot;Azerbaijan&quot;},
	[&quot;BA&quot;] = {&quot;Bosnia and Herzegovina&quot;},
	[&quot;BB&quot;] = {&quot;Barbados&quot;},
	[&quot;BD&quot;] = {&quot;Bangladesh&quot;},
	[&quot;BE&quot;] = {&quot;Belgium&quot;},
	[&quot;BF&quot;] = {&quot;Burkina Faso&quot;},
	[&quot;BG&quot;] = {&quot;Bulgaria&quot;},
	[&quot;BH&quot;] = {&quot;Bahrain&quot;},
	[&quot;BI&quot;] = {&quot;Burundi&quot;},
	[&quot;BJ&quot;] = {&quot;Benin&quot;},
	[&quot;BL&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Barthélemy&quot;},
	[&quot;BM&quot;] = {&quot;Bermuda&quot;},
	[&quot;BN&quot;] = {&quot;Brunei Darussalam&quot;},
	[&quot;BO&quot;] = {&quot;Bolivia&quot;},
	[&quot;BQ&quot;] = {&quot;Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba&quot;},
	[&quot;BR&quot;] = {&quot;Brazil&quot;},
	[&quot;BS&quot;] = {&quot;Bahamas&quot;},
	[&quot;BT&quot;] = {&quot;Bhutan&quot;},
	[&quot;BV&quot;] = {&quot;Bouvet Island&quot;},
	[&quot;BW&quot;] = {&quot;Botswana&quot;},
	[&quot;BY&quot;] = {&quot;Belarus&quot;},
	[&quot;BZ&quot;] = {&quot;Belize&quot;},
	[&quot;CA&quot;] = {&quot;Canada&quot;},
	[&quot;CC&quot;] = {&quot;Cocos (Keeling) Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;CD&quot;] = {&quot;The Democratic Republic of the Congo&quot;},
	[&quot;CF&quot;] = {&quot;Central African Republic&quot;},
	[&quot;CG&quot;] = {&quot;Congo&quot;},
	[&quot;CH&quot;] = {&quot;Switzerland&quot;},
	[&quot;CI&quot;] = {&quot;Côte d'Ivoire&quot;},
	[&quot;CK&quot;] = {&quot;Cook Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;CL&quot;] = {&quot;Chile&quot;},
	[&quot;CM&quot;] = {&quot;Cameroon&quot;},
	[&quot;CN&quot;] = {&quot;China&quot;},
	[&quot;CO&quot;] = {&quot;Colombia&quot;},
	[&quot;CP&quot;] = {&quot;Clipperton Island&quot;},
	[&quot;CQ&quot;] = {&quot;Sark&quot;},
	[&quot;CR&quot;] = {&quot;Costa Rica&quot;},
	[&quot;CU&quot;] = {&quot;Cuba&quot;},
	[&quot;CV&quot;] = {&quot;Cabo Verde&quot;, &quot;Cape Verde&quot;},
	[&quot;CW&quot;] = {&quot;Curaçao&quot;},
	[&quot;CX&quot;] = {&quot;Christmas Island&quot;},
	[&quot;CY&quot;] = {&quot;Cyprus&quot;},
	[&quot;CZ&quot;] = {&quot;Czechia&quot;, &quot;Czech Republic&quot;},
	[&quot;DE&quot;] = {&quot;Germany&quot;},
	[&quot;DG&quot;] = {&quot;Diego Garcia&quot;},
	[&quot;DJ&quot;] = {&quot;Djibouti&quot;},
	[&quot;DK&quot;] = {&quot;Denmark&quot;},
	[&quot;DM&quot;] = {&quot;Dominica&quot;},
	[&quot;DO&quot;] = {&quot;Dominican Republic&quot;},
	[&quot;DZ&quot;] = {&quot;Algeria&quot;},
	[&quot;EA&quot;] = {&quot;Ceuta, Melilla&quot;},
	[&quot;EC&quot;] = {&quot;Ecuador&quot;},
	[&quot;EE&quot;] = {&quot;Estonia&quot;},
	[&quot;EG&quot;] = {&quot;Egypt&quot;},
	[&quot;EH&quot;] = {&quot;Western Sahara&quot;},
	[&quot;ER&quot;] = {&quot;Eritrea&quot;},
	[&quot;ES&quot;] = {&quot;Spain&quot;},
	[&quot;ET&quot;] = {&quot;Ethiopia&quot;},
	[&quot;EU&quot;] = {&quot;European Union&quot;},
	[&quot;EZ&quot;] = {&quot;Eurozone&quot;},
	[&quot;FI&quot;] = {&quot;Finland&quot;},
	[&quot;FJ&quot;] = {&quot;Fiji&quot;},
	[&quot;FK&quot;] = {&quot;Falkland Islands (Malvinas)&quot;},
	[&quot;FM&quot;] = {&quot;Federated States of Micronesia&quot;},
	[&quot;FO&quot;] = {&quot;Faroe Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;FR&quot;] = {&quot;France&quot;},
	[&quot;GA&quot;] = {&quot;Gabon&quot;},
	[&quot;GB&quot;] = {&quot;United Kingdom&quot;},
	[&quot;GD&quot;] = {&quot;Grenada&quot;},
	[&quot;GE&quot;] = {&quot;Georgia&quot;},
	[&quot;GF&quot;] = {&quot;French Guiana&quot;},
	[&quot;GG&quot;] = {&quot;Guernsey&quot;},
	[&quot;GH&quot;] = {&quot;Ghana&quot;},
	[&quot;GI&quot;] = {&quot;Gibraltar&quot;},
	[&quot;GL&quot;] = {&quot;Greenland&quot;},
	[&quot;GM&quot;] = {&quot;Gambia&quot;},
	[&quot;GN&quot;] = {&quot;Guinea&quot;},
	[&quot;GP&quot;] = {&quot;Guadeloupe&quot;},
	[&quot;GQ&quot;] = {&quot;Equatorial Guinea&quot;},
	[&quot;GR&quot;] = {&quot;Greece&quot;},
	[&quot;GS&quot;] = {&quot;South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;GT&quot;] = {&quot;Guatemala&quot;},
	[&quot;GU&quot;] = {&quot;Guam&quot;},
	[&quot;GW&quot;] = {&quot;Guinea-Bissau&quot;},
	[&quot;GY&quot;] = {&quot;Guyana&quot;},
	[&quot;HK&quot;] = {&quot;Hong Kong&quot;},
	[&quot;HM&quot;] = {&quot;Heard Island and McDonald Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;HN&quot;] = {&quot;Honduras&quot;},
	[&quot;HR&quot;] = {&quot;Croatia&quot;},
	[&quot;HT&quot;] = {&quot;Haiti&quot;},
	[&quot;HU&quot;] = {&quot;Hungary&quot;},
	[&quot;IC&quot;] = {&quot;Canary Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;ID&quot;] = {&quot;Indonesia&quot;},
	[&quot;IE&quot;] = {&quot;Ireland&quot;},
	[&quot;IL&quot;] = {&quot;Israel&quot;},
	[&quot;IM&quot;] = {&quot;Isle of Man&quot;},
	[&quot;IN&quot;] = {&quot;India&quot;},
	[&quot;IO&quot;] = {&quot;British Indian Ocean Territory&quot;},
	[&quot;IQ&quot;] = {&quot;Iraq&quot;},
	[&quot;IR&quot;] = {&quot;Islamic Republic of Iran&quot;},
	[&quot;IS&quot;] = {&quot;Iceland&quot;},
	[&quot;IT&quot;] = {&quot;Italy&quot;},
	[&quot;JE&quot;] = {&quot;Jersey&quot;},
	[&quot;JM&quot;] = {&quot;Jamaica&quot;},
	[&quot;JO&quot;] = {&quot;Jordan&quot;},
	[&quot;JP&quot;] = {&quot;Japan&quot;},
	[&quot;KE&quot;] = {&quot;Kenya&quot;},
	[&quot;KG&quot;] = {&quot;Kyrgyzstan&quot;},
	[&quot;KH&quot;] = {&quot;Cambodia&quot;},
	[&quot;KI&quot;] = {&quot;Kiribati&quot;},
	[&quot;KM&quot;] = {&quot;Comoros&quot;},
	[&quot;KN&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Kitts and Nevis&quot;},
	[&quot;KP&quot;] = {&quot;Democratic People's Republic of Korea&quot;},
	[&quot;KR&quot;] = {&quot;Republic of Korea&quot;},
	[&quot;KW&quot;] = {&quot;Kuwait&quot;},
	[&quot;KY&quot;] = {&quot;Cayman Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;KZ&quot;] = {&quot;Kazakhstan&quot;},
	[&quot;LA&quot;] = {&quot;Lao People's Democratic Republic&quot;},
	[&quot;LB&quot;] = {&quot;Lebanon&quot;},
	[&quot;LC&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Lucia&quot;},
	[&quot;LI&quot;] = {&quot;Liechtenstein&quot;},
	[&quot;LK&quot;] = {&quot;Sri Lanka&quot;},
	[&quot;LR&quot;] = {&quot;Liberia&quot;},
	[&quot;LS&quot;] = {&quot;Lesotho&quot;},
	[&quot;LT&quot;] = {&quot;Lithuania&quot;},
	[&quot;LU&quot;] = {&quot;Luxembourg&quot;},
	[&quot;LV&quot;] = {&quot;Latvia&quot;},
	[&quot;LY&quot;] = {&quot;Libya&quot;},
	[&quot;MA&quot;] = {&quot;Morocco&quot;},
	[&quot;MC&quot;] = {&quot;Monaco&quot;},
	[&quot;MD&quot;] = {&quot;Moldova&quot;},
	[&quot;ME&quot;] = {&quot;Montenegro&quot;},
	[&quot;MF&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Martin (French part)&quot;},
	[&quot;MG&quot;] = {&quot;Madagascar&quot;},
	[&quot;MH&quot;] = {&quot;Marshall Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;MK&quot;] = {&quot;North Macedonia&quot;},
	[&quot;ML&quot;] = {&quot;Mali&quot;},
	[&quot;MM&quot;] = {&quot;Myanmar&quot;},
	[&quot;MN&quot;] = {&quot;Mongolia&quot;},
	[&quot;MO&quot;] = {&quot;Macao&quot;},
	[&quot;MP&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Mariana Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;MQ&quot;] = {&quot;Martinique&quot;},
	[&quot;MR&quot;] = {&quot;Mauritania&quot;},
	[&quot;MS&quot;] = {&quot;Montserrat&quot;},
	[&quot;MT&quot;] = {&quot;Malta&quot;},
	[&quot;MU&quot;] = {&quot;Mauritius&quot;},
	[&quot;MV&quot;] = {&quot;Maldives&quot;},
	[&quot;MW&quot;] = {&quot;Malawi&quot;},
	[&quot;MX&quot;] = {&quot;Mexico&quot;},
	[&quot;MY&quot;] = {&quot;Malaysia&quot;},
	[&quot;MZ&quot;] = {&quot;Mozambique&quot;},
	[&quot;NA&quot;] = {&quot;Namibia&quot;},
	[&quot;NC&quot;] = {&quot;New Caledonia&quot;},
	[&quot;NE&quot;] = {&quot;Niger&quot;},
	[&quot;NF&quot;] = {&quot;Norfolk Island&quot;},
	[&quot;NG&quot;] = {&quot;Nigeria&quot;},
	[&quot;NI&quot;] = {&quot;Nicaragua&quot;},
	[&quot;NL&quot;] = {&quot;Netherlands&quot;},
	[&quot;NO&quot;] = {&quot;Norway&quot;},
	[&quot;NP&quot;] = {&quot;Nepal&quot;},
	[&quot;NR&quot;] = {&quot;Nauru&quot;},
	[&quot;NU&quot;] = {&quot;Niue&quot;},
	[&quot;NZ&quot;] = {&quot;New Zealand&quot;},
	[&quot;OM&quot;] = {&quot;Oman&quot;},
	[&quot;PA&quot;] = {&quot;Panama&quot;},
	[&quot;PE&quot;] = {&quot;Peru&quot;},
	[&quot;PF&quot;] = {&quot;French Polynesia&quot;},
	[&quot;PG&quot;] = {&quot;Papua New Guinea&quot;},
	[&quot;PH&quot;] = {&quot;Philippines&quot;},
	[&quot;PK&quot;] = {&quot;Pakistan&quot;},
	[&quot;PL&quot;] = {&quot;Poland&quot;},
	[&quot;PM&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Pierre and Miquelon&quot;},
	[&quot;PN&quot;] = {&quot;Pitcairn&quot;},
	[&quot;PR&quot;] = {&quot;Puerto Rico&quot;},
	[&quot;PS&quot;] = {&quot;State of Palestine&quot;},
	[&quot;PT&quot;] = {&quot;Portugal&quot;},
	[&quot;PW&quot;] = {&quot;Palau&quot;},
	[&quot;PY&quot;] = {&quot;Paraguay&quot;},
	[&quot;QA&quot;] = {&quot;Qatar&quot;},
	[&quot;RE&quot;] = {&quot;Réunion&quot;},
	[&quot;RO&quot;] = {&quot;Romania&quot;},
	[&quot;RS&quot;] = {&quot;Serbia&quot;},
	[&quot;RU&quot;] = {&quot;Russian Federation&quot;},
	[&quot;RW&quot;] = {&quot;Rwanda&quot;},
	[&quot;SA&quot;] = {&quot;Saudi Arabia&quot;},
	[&quot;SB&quot;] = {&quot;Solomon Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;SC&quot;] = {&quot;Seychelles&quot;},
	[&quot;SD&quot;] = {&quot;Sudan&quot;},
	[&quot;SE&quot;] = {&quot;Sweden&quot;},
	[&quot;SG&quot;] = {&quot;Singapore&quot;},
	[&quot;SH&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha&quot;},
	[&quot;SI&quot;] = {&quot;Slovenia&quot;},
	[&quot;SJ&quot;] = {&quot;Svalbard and Jan Mayen&quot;},
	[&quot;SK&quot;] = {&quot;Slovakia&quot;},
	[&quot;SL&quot;] = {&quot;Sierra Leone&quot;},
	[&quot;SM&quot;] = {&quot;San Marino&quot;},
	[&quot;SN&quot;] = {&quot;Senegal&quot;},
	[&quot;SO&quot;] = {&quot;Somalia&quot;},
	[&quot;SR&quot;] = {&quot;Suriname&quot;},
	[&quot;SS&quot;] = {&quot;South Sudan&quot;},
	[&quot;ST&quot;] = {&quot;Sao Tome and Principe&quot;},
	[&quot;SV&quot;] = {&quot;El Salvador&quot;},
	[&quot;SX&quot;] = {&quot;Sint Maarten (Dutch part)&quot;},
	[&quot;SY&quot;] = {&quot;Syrian Arab Republic&quot;},
	[&quot;SZ&quot;] = {&quot;Eswatini&quot;, &quot;eSwatini&quot;, &quot;Swaziland&quot;},
	[&quot;TA&quot;] = {&quot;Tristan da Cunha&quot;},
	[&quot;TC&quot;] = {&quot;Turks and Caicos Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;TD&quot;] = {&quot;Chad&quot;},
	[&quot;TF&quot;] = {&quot;French Southern Territories&quot;},
	[&quot;TG&quot;] = {&quot;Togo&quot;},
	[&quot;TH&quot;] = {&quot;Thailand&quot;},
	[&quot;TJ&quot;] = {&quot;Tajikistan&quot;},
	[&quot;TK&quot;] = {&quot;Tokelau&quot;},
	[&quot;TL&quot;] = {&quot;Timor-Leste&quot;},
	[&quot;TM&quot;] = {&quot;Turkmenistan&quot;},
	[&quot;TN&quot;] = {&quot;Tunisia&quot;},
	[&quot;TO&quot;] = {&quot;Tonga&quot;},
	[&quot;TR&quot;] = {&quot;Türkiye&quot;, &quot;Turkey&quot;},
	[&quot;TT&quot;] = {&quot;Trinidad and Tobago&quot;},
	[&quot;TV&quot;] = {&quot;Tuvalu&quot;},
	[&quot;TW&quot;] = {&quot;Taiwan, Province of China&quot;},
	[&quot;TZ&quot;] = {&quot;United Republic of Tanzania&quot;},
	[&quot;UA&quot;] = {&quot;Ukraine&quot;},
	[&quot;UG&quot;] = {&quot;Uganda&quot;},
	[&quot;UM&quot;] = {&quot;United States Minor Outlying Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;UN&quot;] = {&quot;United Nations&quot;},
	[&quot;US&quot;] = {&quot;United States&quot;},
	[&quot;UY&quot;] = {&quot;Uruguay&quot;},
	[&quot;UZ&quot;] = {&quot;Uzbekistan&quot;},
	[&quot;VA&quot;] = {&quot;Holy See (Vatican City State)&quot;},
	[&quot;VC&quot;] = {&quot;Saint Vincent and the Grenadines&quot;},
	[&quot;VE&quot;] = {&quot;Venezuela&quot;},
	[&quot;VG&quot;] = {&quot;British Virgin Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;VI&quot;] = {&quot;U.S. Virgin Islands&quot;},
	[&quot;VN&quot;] = {&quot;Viet Nam&quot;},
	[&quot;VU&quot;] = {&quot;Vanuatu&quot;},
	[&quot;WF&quot;] = {&quot;Wallis and Futuna&quot;},
	[&quot;WS&quot;] = {&quot;Samoa&quot;},
	[&quot;YE&quot;] = {&quot;Yemen&quot;},
	[&quot;YT&quot;] = {&quot;Mayotte&quot;},
	[&quot;ZA&quot;] = {&quot;South Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;ZM&quot;] = {&quot;Zambia&quot;},
	[&quot;ZW&quot;] = {&quot;Zimbabwe&quot;},
	[&quot;001&quot;] = {&quot;World&quot;},
	[&quot;002&quot;] = {&quot;Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;003&quot;] = {&quot;North America&quot;},
	[&quot;005&quot;] = {&quot;South America&quot;},
	[&quot;009&quot;] = {&quot;Oceania&quot;},
	[&quot;011&quot;] = {&quot;Western Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;013&quot;] = {&quot;Central America&quot;},
	[&quot;014&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;015&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;017&quot;] = {&quot;Middle Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;018&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;019&quot;] = {&quot;Americas&quot;},
	[&quot;021&quot;] = {&quot;Northern America&quot;},
	[&quot;029&quot;] = {&quot;Caribbean&quot;},
	[&quot;030&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Asia&quot;},
	[&quot;034&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Asia&quot;},
	[&quot;035&quot;] = {&quot;South-Eastern Asia&quot;},
	[&quot;039&quot;] = {&quot;Southern Europe&quot;},
	[&quot;053&quot;] = {&quot;Australia and New Zealand&quot;},
	[&quot;054&quot;] = {&quot;Melanesia&quot;},
	[&quot;057&quot;] = {&quot;Micronesia&quot;},
	[&quot;061&quot;] = {&quot;Polynesia&quot;},
	[&quot;142&quot;] = {&quot;Asia&quot;},
	[&quot;143&quot;] = {&quot;Central Asia&quot;},
	[&quot;145&quot;] = {&quot;Western Asia&quot;},
	[&quot;150&quot;] = {&quot;Europe&quot;},
	[&quot;151&quot;] = {&quot;Eastern Europe&quot;},
	[&quot;154&quot;] = {&quot;Northern Europe&quot;},
	[&quot;155&quot;] = {&quot;Western Europe&quot;},
	[&quot;202&quot;] = {&quot;Sub-Saharan Africa&quot;},
	[&quot;419&quot;] = {&quot;Latin America and the Caribbean&quot;}
	}</text>
      <sha1>g6yaur4e17eza63dfjndtg5xzrqcitv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana regions/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33558</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157771</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:45:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}  This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].  The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this tab...'</comment>
      <origin>157771</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1007" sha1="pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}

This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].

The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are actually present in the source (in which case it is probably better to re-run one of the tools on a new data file).

The data in this table come from records that are not 'Deprecated', do not have a 'Preferred-Value', and are not 'Private use'.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana variants</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33559</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157772</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:47:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- File-Date: 2026-04-09 return { 	[&quot;1606nict&quot;] = { 		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Late Middle French (to 1606)&quot;}, 		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;frm&quot;}, 		}, 	[&quot;1694acad&quot;] = { 		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Early Modern French&quot;}, 		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;fr&quot;}, 		}, 	[&quot;1901&quot;] = { 		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Traditional German orthography&quot;}, 		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;de&quot;}, 		}, 	[&quot;1959acad&quot;] = { 		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;\&quot;Academic\&quot; (\&quot;governmental\&quot;) variant of Belarusian as codified in 1959&quot;}, 		[&quot;prefixes&quot;...'</comment>
      <origin>157772</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="15098" sha1="hihn3g9afhb8a4id9j49c2eq9e038vk" xml:space="preserve">-- File-Date: 2026-04-09
return {
	[&quot;1606nict&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Late Middle French (to 1606)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;frm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;1694acad&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Early Modern French&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;fr&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;1901&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Traditional German orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;de&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;1959acad&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;\&quot;Academic\&quot; (\&quot;governmental\&quot;) variant of Belarusian as codified in 1959&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;be&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;1994&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Standardized Resian orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl-rozaj&quot;, &quot;sl-rozaj-biske&quot;, &quot;sl-rozaj-njiva&quot;, &quot;sl-rozaj-osojs&quot;, &quot;sl-rozaj-solba&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;1996&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;German orthography of 1996&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;de&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;abl1943&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Orthographic formulation of 1943 - Official in Brazil (Formulário Ortográfico de 1943 - Oficial no Brasil)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;pt-br&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;akhmimic&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Akhmimic dialect of Coptic&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;cop&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;akuapem&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Akuapem Twi&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;tw&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;alalc97&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;ALA-LC Romanization, 1997 edition&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;aluku&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Aluku dialect&quot;, &quot;Boni dialect&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;djk&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;anpezo&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Anpezo standard of Ladin&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;lld&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ao1990&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Portuguese Language Orthographic Agreement of 1990 (Acordo Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa de 1990)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;pt&quot;, &quot;gl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;aranes&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Aranese&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;arkaika&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Arcaicam Esperantom&quot;, &quot;Arkaika Esperanto&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;eo&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;asante&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Asante Twi&quot;, &quot;Ashanti Twi&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;tw&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;auvern&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Auvergnat&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;baku1926&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Unified Turkic Latin Alphabet (Historical)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;az&quot;, &quot;ba&quot;, &quot;crh&quot;, &quot;kk&quot;, &quot;krc&quot;, &quot;ky&quot;, &quot;sah&quot;, &quot;tk&quot;, &quot;tt&quot;, &quot;uz&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;balanka&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Balanka dialect of Anii&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;blo&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;barla&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Barlavento dialect group of Kabuverdianu&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kea&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;basiceng&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Basic English&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;bauddha&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sa&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;bciav&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;BCI Blissymbolics AV&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;zbl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;bcizbl&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;BCI Blissymbolics&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;zbl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;biscayan&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Biscayan dialect of Basque&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;eu&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;biske&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The San Giorgio dialect of Resian&quot;, &quot;The Bila dialect of Resian&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl-rozaj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;blasl&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Black American Sign Language dialect&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ase&quot;, &quot;sgn-ase&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;bohairic&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Bohairic dialect of Coptic&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;cop&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;bohoric&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Slovene in Bohorič alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;boont&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Boontling&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;bornholm&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Bornholmsk&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;da&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;cisaup&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Cisalpine&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;colb1945&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Portuguese-Brazilian Orthographic Convention of 1945 (Convenção Ortográfica Luso-Brasileira de 1945)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;pt&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;cornu&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Cornu-English&quot;, &quot;Cornish English&quot;, &quot;Anglo-Cornish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;creiss&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Occitan variants of the Croissant area&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;dajnko&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Slovene in Dajnko alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ekavsk&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Serbian with Ekavian pronunciation&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sr&quot;, &quot;sr-latn&quot;, &quot;sr-cyrl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;emodeng&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Early Modern English (1500-1700)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;fascia&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Fascia standard of Ladin&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;lld&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;fayyumic&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Fayyumic dialect of Coptic&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;cop&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;fodom&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Fodom standard of Ladin&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;lld&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;fonipa&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;International Phonetic Alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;fonkirsh&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Kirshenbaum Phonetic Alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;fonnapa&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;North American Phonetic Alphabet&quot;, &quot;Americanist Phonetic Notation&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;fonupa&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Uralic Phonetic Alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;fonxsamp&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;X-SAMPA transcription&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;gallo&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Gallo&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;fr&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;gascon&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Gascon&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;gherd&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Gherdëina standard of Ladin&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;lld&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;grclass&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Classical Occitan orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;, &quot;oc-aranes&quot;, &quot;oc-auvern&quot;, &quot;oc-cisaup&quot;, &quot;oc-creiss&quot;, &quot;oc-gascon&quot;, &quot;oc-lemosin&quot;, &quot;oc-lengadoc&quot;, &quot;oc-nicard&quot;, &quot;oc-provenc&quot;, &quot;oc-vivaraup&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;grital&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Italian-inspired Occitan orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;, &quot;oc-cisaup&quot;, &quot;oc-nicard&quot;, &quot;oc-provenc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;grmistr&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Mistralian or Mistralian-inspired Occitan orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;, &quot;oc-aranes&quot;, &quot;oc-auvern&quot;, &quot;oc-cisaup&quot;, &quot;oc-creiss&quot;, &quot;oc-gascon&quot;, &quot;oc-lemosin&quot;, &quot;oc-lengadoc&quot;, &quot;oc-nicard&quot;, &quot;oc-provenc&quot;, &quot;oc-vivaraup&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;hanoi&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Hà Nội variant of Vietnamese&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;vi&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;hepburn&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Hepburn romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ja-latn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;hognorsk&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Norwegian in Høgnorsk (High Norwegian) orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;nn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;hsistemo&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Standard H-system orthographic fallback for spelling Esperanto&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;eo&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;huett&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Huế (province Thừa Thiên) variant of Vietnamese&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;vi&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ijekavsk&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Serbian with Ijekavian pronunciation&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sr&quot;, &quot;sr-latn&quot;, &quot;sr-cyrl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;itihasa&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Epic Sanskrit&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sa&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ivanchov&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Bulgarian in 1899 orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;bg&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;jauer&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Jauer dialect of Romansh&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;jyutping&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Jyutping Cantonese Romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;yue&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;kkcor&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Common Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kw&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;kleinsch&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Kleinschmidt orthography&quot;, &quot;Allattaasitaamut&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kl&quot;, &quot;kl-tunumiit&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;kociewie&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Kociewie dialect of Polish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;pl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;kscor&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Standard Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish&quot;, &quot;Kernowek Standard&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kw&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;leidentr&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Egyptian in Leiden Unified Transliteration&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;egy&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;lemosin&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Limousin&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;lengadoc&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Languedocien&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;lipaw&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Lipovaz dialect of Resian&quot;, &quot;The Lipovec dialect of Resian&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl-rozaj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ltg1929&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Latgalian language orthography codified in 1929&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ltg&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ltg2007&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Latgalian language orthography codified in the language law in 2007&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ltg&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;luna1918&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Post-1917 Russian orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ru&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;lycopol&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Lycopolitan alias Subakhmimic dialect of Coptic&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;cop&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;mdcegyp&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs encoded in Manuel de Codage&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;egy&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;mdctrans&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Ancient Egyptian transliteration encoded in Manuel de Codage&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;egy&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;mesokem&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Mesokemic alias Oxyrhynchite dialect of Coptic&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;cop&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;metelko&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Slovene in Metelko alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;monoton&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Monotonic Greek&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;el&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ndyuka&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Ndyuka dialect&quot;, &quot;Aukan dialect&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;djk&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;nedis&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Natisone dialect&quot;, &quot;Nadiza dialect&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;newfound&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Newfoundland English&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en-ca&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;nicard&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Niçard&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;njiva&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Gniva dialect of Resian&quot;, &quot;The Njiva dialect of Resian&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl-rozaj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;nulik&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Volapük nulik&quot;, &quot;Volapük perevidöl&quot;, &quot;Volapük nulädik&quot;, &quot;de Jong's Volapük&quot;, &quot;New Volapük&quot;, &quot;Revised Volapük&quot;, &quot;Modern Volapük&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;vo&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;osojs&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Oseacco dialect of Resian&quot;, &quot;The Osojane dialect of Resian&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl-rozaj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;oxendict&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Oxford English Dictionary spelling&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;pahawh2&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Pahawh Hmong Second Stage Reduced orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;mww&quot;, &quot;hnj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;pahawh3&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Pahawh Hmong Third Stage Reduced orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;mww&quot;, &quot;hnj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;pahawh4&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Pahawh Hmong Final Version orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;mww&quot;, &quot;hnj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;pamaka&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Pamaka dialect&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;djk&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;peano&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Latino Sine Flexione&quot;, &quot;Interlingua de API&quot;, &quot;Interlingua de Peano&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;la&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;pehoeji&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Hokkien Vernacular Romanization System&quot;, &quot;Pe̍h-ōe-jī orthography/romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;nan-latn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;petr1708&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Petrine orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ru&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;pinyin&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Pinyin romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;zh-latn&quot;, &quot;bo-latn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;polyton&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Polytonic Greek&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;el&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;provenc&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Provençal&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;puter&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Puter idiom of Romansh&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;rigik&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Volapük rigik&quot;, &quot;Schleyer's Volapük&quot;, &quot;Original Volapük&quot;, &quot;Classic Volapük&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;vo&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;rozaj&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Resian&quot;, &quot;Resianic&quot;, &quot;Rezijan&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;rumgr&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Rumantsch Grischun&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;sahidic&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Sahidic dialect of Coptic&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;cop&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;saigon&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Sài Gòn variant of Vietnamese&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;vi&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;scotland&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Scottish Standard English&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;scouse&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Scouse&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;simple&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Simplified form&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {},
		},
	[&quot;slepe&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Sorbian dialect of Schleife&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;dsb&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;solba&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Stolvizza dialect of Resian&quot;, &quot;The Solbica dialect of Resian&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sl-rozaj&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;sotav&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Sotavento dialect group of Kabuverdianu&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kea&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;spanglis&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Spanglish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;, &quot;es&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;stadi&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The \&quot;Stadin slangi\&quot; dialect of Finnish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;fi&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;surmiran&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Surmiran idiom of Romansh&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;sursilv&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Sursilvan idiom of Romansh&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;sutsilv&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Sutsilvan idiom of Romansh&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;synnejyl&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Synnejysk&quot;, &quot;South Jutish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;da&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;taglish&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Tagalog-English code-switching&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;, &quot;tl&quot;, &quot;fil&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;tailo&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Taiwanese Hokkien Romanization System for Hokkien languages&quot;, &quot;Tâi-lô orthography/romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;nan-latn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;tarask&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Belarusian in Taraskievica orthography&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;be&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;tongyong&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Tongyong Pinyin romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;zh-latn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;tunumiit&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Tunumiisiut&quot;, &quot;East Greenlandic&quot;, &quot;Østgrønlandsk&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kl&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;uccor&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Unified Cornish orthography of Revived Cornish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kw&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ucrcor&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Unified Cornish Revised orthography of Revived Cornish&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;kw&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;ulster&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Ulster dialect of Scots&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;sco&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;unifon&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Unifon phonetic alphabet&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;en&quot;, &quot;hup&quot;, &quot;kyh&quot;, &quot;tol&quot;, &quot;yur&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;valbadia&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Val Badia standard of Ladin&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;lld&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;valencia&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Valencian&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;ca&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;vallader&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Vallader idiom of Romansh&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;rm&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;vecdruka&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Latvian orthography used before 1920s (\&quot;vecā druka\&quot;)&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;lv&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;viennese&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;The Viennese dialect of German&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;de&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;vivaraup&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Vivaro-Alpine&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;oc&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;wadegile&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Wade-Giles romanization&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;zh-latn&quot;},
		},
	[&quot;xsistemo&quot;] = {
		[&quot;descriptions&quot;] = {&quot;Standard X-system orthographic fallback for spelling Esperanto&quot;},
		[&quot;prefixes&quot;] = {&quot;eo&quot;},
		}
	}</text>
      <sha1>hihn3g9afhb8a4id9j49c2eq9e038vk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana variants/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33560</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157773</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:48:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}  This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].  The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this tab...'</comment>
      <origin>157773</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1007" sha1="pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}

This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].

The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are actually present in the source (in which case it is probably better to re-run one of the tools on a new data file).

The data in this table come from records that are not 'Deprecated', do not have a 'Preferred-Value', and are not 'Private use'.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33561</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157774</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:52:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- File-Date: 2026-04-09 return { 	[&quot;Arab&quot;] = {&quot;ar&quot;, &quot;fa&quot;, &quot;ps&quot;, &quot;ur&quot;}, 	[&quot;Armn&quot;] = {&quot;hy&quot;}, 	[&quot;Beng&quot;] = {&quot;as&quot;, &quot;bn&quot;}, 	[&quot;Blis&quot;] = {&quot;zbl&quot;}, 	[&quot;Cyrl&quot;] = {&quot;ab&quot;, &quot;be&quot;, &quot;bg&quot;, &quot;kk&quot;, &quot;mk&quot;, &quot;ru&quot;, &quot;uk&quot;}, 	[&quot;Deva&quot;] = {&quot;hi&quot;, &quot;mr&quot;, &quot;ne&quot;, &quot;kok&quot;, &quot;mai&quot;}, 	[&quot;Ethi&quot;] = {&quot;am&quot;, &quot;ti&quot;}, 	[&quot;Geor&quot;] = {&quot;ka&quot;}, 	[&quot;Grek&quot;] = {&quot;el&quot;}, 	[&quot;Gujr&quot;] = {&quot;gu&quot;}, 	[&quot;Guru&quot;] = {&quot;pa&quot;}, 	[&quot;Hebr&quot;] = {&quot;he&quot;, &quot;iw&quot;, &quot;yi&quot;}, 	[&quot;Jpan&quot;] = {&quot;ja&quot;}, 	[&quot;Khmr&quot;] = {&quot;km&quot;}, 	[&quot;Knda&quot;] = {&quot;kn&quot;}, 	[&quot;Kore&quot;] = {&quot;ko&quot;}, 	[&quot;La...'</comment>
      <origin>157774</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="1288" sha1="7q8mavxscv3mljb55qez44b859tzrlu" xml:space="preserve">-- File-Date: 2026-04-09
return {
	[&quot;Arab&quot;] = {&quot;ar&quot;, &quot;fa&quot;, &quot;ps&quot;, &quot;ur&quot;},
	[&quot;Armn&quot;] = {&quot;hy&quot;},
	[&quot;Beng&quot;] = {&quot;as&quot;, &quot;bn&quot;},
	[&quot;Blis&quot;] = {&quot;zbl&quot;},
	[&quot;Cyrl&quot;] = {&quot;ab&quot;, &quot;be&quot;, &quot;bg&quot;, &quot;kk&quot;, &quot;mk&quot;, &quot;ru&quot;, &quot;uk&quot;},
	[&quot;Deva&quot;] = {&quot;hi&quot;, &quot;mr&quot;, &quot;ne&quot;, &quot;kok&quot;, &quot;mai&quot;},
	[&quot;Ethi&quot;] = {&quot;am&quot;, &quot;ti&quot;},
	[&quot;Geor&quot;] = {&quot;ka&quot;},
	[&quot;Grek&quot;] = {&quot;el&quot;},
	[&quot;Gujr&quot;] = {&quot;gu&quot;},
	[&quot;Guru&quot;] = {&quot;pa&quot;},
	[&quot;Hebr&quot;] = {&quot;he&quot;, &quot;iw&quot;, &quot;yi&quot;},
	[&quot;Jpan&quot;] = {&quot;ja&quot;},
	[&quot;Khmr&quot;] = {&quot;km&quot;},
	[&quot;Knda&quot;] = {&quot;kn&quot;},
	[&quot;Kore&quot;] = {&quot;ko&quot;},
	[&quot;Laoo&quot;] = {&quot;lo&quot;},
	[&quot;Latn&quot;] = {&quot;ace&quot;, &quot;af&quot;, &quot;ay&quot;, &quot;bs&quot;, &quot;ca&quot;, &quot;ch&quot;, &quot;cs&quot;, &quot;cy&quot;, &quot;da&quot;, &quot;de&quot;, &quot;en&quot;, &quot;eo&quot;,
				&quot;es&quot;, &quot;et&quot;, &quot;eu&quot;, &quot;fi&quot;, &quot;fj&quot;, &quot;fo&quot;, &quot;fr&quot;, &quot;fy&quot;, &quot;ga&quot;, &quot;gl&quot;, &quot;gn&quot;,
				&quot;gv&quot;, &quot;hr&quot;, &quot;ht&quot;, &quot;hu&quot;, &quot;id&quot;, &quot;in&quot;, &quot;is&quot;, &quot;it&quot;, &quot;kl&quot;, &quot;la&quot;, &quot;lb&quot;,
				&quot;ln&quot;, &quot;lt&quot;, &quot;lv&quot;, &quot;mg&quot;, &quot;mh&quot;, &quot;mo&quot;, &quot;ms&quot;, &quot;mt&quot;, &quot;na&quot;, &quot;nb&quot;, &quot;nd&quot;,
				&quot;nl&quot;, &quot;nn&quot;, &quot;no&quot;, &quot;nr&quot;, &quot;ny&quot;, &quot;om&quot;, &quot;pl&quot;, &quot;pt&quot;, &quot;qu&quot;, &quot;rm&quot;, &quot;rn&quot;,
				&quot;ro&quot;, &quot;rw&quot;, &quot;sg&quot;, &quot;sk&quot;, &quot;sl&quot;, &quot;sm&quot;, &quot;so&quot;, &quot;sq&quot;, &quot;ss&quot;, &quot;st&quot;, &quot;sv&quot;,
				&quot;sw&quot;, &quot;tl&quot;, &quot;tn&quot;, &quot;to&quot;, &quot;tr&quot;, &quot;ts&quot;, &quot;ve&quot;, &quot;vi&quot;, &quot;xh&quot;, &quot;zu&quot;, &quot;dsb&quot;,
				&quot;frr&quot;, &quot;frs&quot;, &quot;gsw&quot;, &quot;hsb&quot;, &quot;men&quot;, &quot;nds&quot;, &quot;niu&quot;, &quot;nso&quot;, &quot;tem&quot;, &quot;tkl&quot;, &quot;tmh&quot;,
				&quot;tpi&quot;, &quot;tvl&quot;},
	[&quot;Mlym&quot;] = {&quot;ml&quot;},
	[&quot;Mymr&quot;] = {&quot;my&quot;},
	[&quot;Nkoo&quot;] = {&quot;nqo&quot;},
	[&quot;Orya&quot;] = {&quot;or&quot;},
	[&quot;Sinh&quot;] = {&quot;si&quot;},
	[&quot;Taml&quot;] = {&quot;ta&quot;},
	[&quot;Telu&quot;] = {&quot;te&quot;},
	[&quot;Thaa&quot;] = {&quot;dv&quot;},
	[&quot;Thai&quot;] = {&quot;th&quot;},
	[&quot;Tibt&quot;] = {&quot;dz&quot;}
	}</text>
      <sha1>7q8mavxscv3mljb55qez44b859tzrlu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33562</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157775</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:53:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}  This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].  The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this tab...'</comment>
      <origin>157775</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1007" sha1="pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}

This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file].

The table in this module was created using the awb script at [[User:Trappist_the_monk/IANA_subtag_registry_file_update|IANA subtag registry file update]] or by [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages/make]].  There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are actually present in the source (in which case it is probably better to re-run one of the tools on a new data file).

The data in this table come from records that are not 'Deprecated', do not have a 'Preferred-Value', and are not 'Private use'.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pehflr8x9uw46h2f8l5tcrtdjmrntxq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana languages/make</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33563</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157776</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:57:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'require('strict');   --[=[------------------------&lt; G E T _ V A R I A N T _ P A R T S &gt;---------------------------------------------  We get a record that looks more-or-less like this: 	%%\n 	Type: variant\n 	Subtag: bohoric\n 	Description: Slovene in Bohorič alphabet\n 	Added: 2012-06-27\n 	Prefix: sl\n  Each line is terminated with a \n character.  Type, for this function can only be 'variant'  Subtag is the code of Type  Prefix is a language code to which...'</comment>
      <origin>157776</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="13732" sha1="dxa2t8clnxfwrf8n4jvut6jfqvypkqw" xml:space="preserve">require('strict');


--[=[------------------------&lt; G E T _ V A R I A N T _ P A R T S &gt;---------------------------------------------

We get a record that looks more-or-less like this:
	%%\n
	Type: variant\n
	Subtag: bohoric\n
	Description: Slovene in Bohorič alphabet\n
	Added: 2012-06-27\n
	Prefix: sl\n

Each line is terminated with a \n character.

Type, for this function can only be 'variant'

Subtag is the code of Type

Prefix is a language code to which this variant applies; one language code per Prefix line.  There can be
more than one prefix line.

Description associates Subtag with a proper name or names; one name per Description line.  There can be more
than one Description line and Description lines can wrap to the next line.  When they do, the first two
characters of the continuation line are spaces.

Comments: lines can also be continued so once in a Comments line (which is otherwise ignored) all further
continuations in the record are also ignored.  This is a crude mechanism to prevent comment continuations
from being concatenated onto the end of descriptions and relies on Description line occuring in the record
before the Comments line.

Records with private use subtags are ignored.

]=]

local function get_variant_parts (record)
	local code;
	local descriptions = {};
	local prefixes = {};
	local in_comments = false;

	if string.find (record, 'Deprecated', 1, true) or string.find (record, 'Preferred-Value', 1, true)
			or string.find (record, 'Private use', 1, true) then
		return 'skip';
	end

	for line in string.gmatch (record, '([^\n]+)\n') do						-- get a \n terminated line of text (without the \n)
		local label = string.match(line, &quot;(.-):&quot;)
		
		if not label and string.find (line, '^  .+') and not in_comments then		-- if a continuation line but not a comments continuation
			descriptions[#descriptions] = string.gsub (descriptions[#descriptions], '\&quot;$', '');		-- remove trailing quote mark from previous description
			descriptions[#descriptions] = descriptions[#descriptions] .. ' ' .. string.match (line, '^  (.+)') .. '\&quot;';	-- extract and save the continuation with new quote mark
		elseif label == 'Subtag' then						-- if this line is the subtag line
			code = string.match (line, 'Subtag: (%w+)');				-- extract and save to subtag's code
		elseif label == 'Description' then					-- if this line is a description line
			local desc = string.match (line, 'Description: (.+)');			-- extract the description
			desc = string.gsub (desc, '&quot;', '\\&quot;');							-- in case description contains quote marks (see 1959acad)
			table.insert (descriptions, '\&quot;' .. desc .. '\&quot;');					-- save the description wrapped in quote marks
		elseif label == 'Prefix' then						-- if this line is a prefix line
			table.insert (prefixes, '\&quot;' .. string.match (line, 'Prefix: (.+)'):lower() .. '\&quot;');	-- extract and save the prefix wrapped in quote marks
		elseif label == 'Comments' then						-- if this line is a comments line
			in_comments = true;
		end
	end
	
	return code, table.concat (prefixes, ', '), table.concat (descriptions, ', ');
end


--[=[------------------------&lt; G E T _ L A N G _ S C R I P T _ R E G I O N _ P A R T S &gt;-----------------------

We get a record that looks more-or-less like this:
	%%\n
	Type: language\n
	Subtag: aa\n
	Description: Afar\n
	Added: 2005-10-16\n

	
Each line is terminated with a \n character.

Type, for our purposes can be 'language', 'script', or 'region'

Subtag is the code of Type

Description associates Subtag with a proper name or names; one name per Description line.  There can be more
than one Description line and Description lines can wrap to the next line.  When they do, the first two
characters of the continuation line are spaces.

Comments: lines can also be continued so once in a Comments line (which is otherwise ignored) all further
continuations in the record are also ignored.  This is a crude mechanism to prevent comment continuations
from being concatenated onto the end of descriptions and relies on Description line occuring in the record
before the Comments line.

Records with private use subtags are ignored.

]=]

local function get_lang_script_region_parts (record)
	local code;
	local suppress;																-- Suppress script for this code if specified
	local deprecated;															-- boolean; true when subtag is deprecated
	local descriptions = {};
	local in_comments = false;

	if record:find ('Private use') then
		return 'skip';
	end

	for line in record:gmatch ('([^\n]+)\n') do									-- get a \n terminated line of text (without the \n)
		local label = line:match ('(.-):');
		if 'Subtag' == label then												-- if this line is the subtag line
			code = line:match ('Subtag: (%w+)');								-- extract and save to subtag's code
		elseif 'Description' == label then										-- if this line is a description line
			table.insert (descriptions, '\&quot;' .. line:match ('Description: (.+)') .. '\&quot;');	-- extract and save the name wrapped in quote marks
		elseif 'Deprecated' == label then
			deprecated = true;													-- subtag is deprecated; set our flag
		elseif 'Suppress-Script' == label then
			suppress = line:match ('Suppress%-Script: (%S+)');
		elseif 'Comments' == label then											-- if this line is a comments line
			in_comments = true;
		elseif line:find ('^  .+') and not in_comments then						-- if a continuation line but not a commnets continuation
			descriptions[#descriptions] = descriptions[#descriptions]:gsub ('\&quot;$', '');		-- remove trailing quote mark from previous description
			descriptions[#descriptions] = descriptions[#descriptions] .. ' ' .. line:match ('^  (.+)') .. '\&quot;';	-- extract and save the continuation with new quote mark
		end
	end
	
	return code, table.concat (descriptions, ', '), suppress, deprecated;
end


--[=[------------------------&lt; I A N A _ E X T R A C T &gt;-------------------------------------------------------

read a local copy of the IANA language-subtag-registry file and from it build tables to replace the tables in:
	[[Module:Lang/data/iana languages]]
	[[Module:Lang/data/iana regions]]
	[[Module:Lang/data/iana scripts]]
	[[Module:Lang/data/iana supressed cripts]]
	[[Module:Lang/data/iana variants]]

current language-subtag-registry file can be found at: http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
archive.org has copies of previous versions see: https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

]=]

local function iana_extract (frame)
	local page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();									-- get a page object for this page
	local content = page:getContent();											-- get unparsed content
	local lang_table = {};														-- languages go here
	local lang_dep_table = {};													-- deprecated languages go here
	local script_table = {};													-- scripts go here
	local region_table = {};													-- regions go here
	local variant_table = {};													-- variants go here
	local suppress_table = {};													-- here we collect suppressed scripts and associated language codes
	local iso_639_1_table = {};													-- ISO 639-1 languages; not used by Module:Lang but included here to ensure Module:Lang/data/ISO_639-1 gets updated
	local file_date;															-- first line

	local code;
	local descriptions;
	local prefixes;																-- used for language variants only
	local suppress;																-- a code's suppress script
	local deprecated;															-- boolean: true when subtag is deprecated

	file_date = content:match ('(File%-Date: %d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d)');			-- get the file date line from this version of the source file

	for record in string.gmatch (content, '%%%%([^%%]+)') do					-- get a %% delimited 'record' from the file; leave off the delimiters
		local record_type = string.match(record, 'Type: (%w+)')
		if record_type == 'language' then										-- if a language record
			code, descriptions, suppress, deprecated = get_lang_script_region_parts (record);	-- get the code, description(s), suppress script, and deprecated flag
			
			if code and ('skip' ~= code) then
				if deprecated then
					table.insert (lang_dep_table, &quot;[\&quot;&quot; .. code .. &quot;\&quot;] = {&quot; .. descriptions .. &quot;}&quot;);		-- make table entries
				else
					table.insert (lang_table, &quot;[\&quot;&quot; .. code .. &quot;\&quot;] = {&quot; .. descriptions .. &quot;}&quot;);			-- make table entries
					if 2 == code:len() then
						table.insert (iso_639_1_table, &quot;[\&quot;&quot; .. code .. &quot;\&quot;] = {&quot; .. descriptions .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- make table entries
					end
				end
			elseif not code then
				table.insert (lang_table, &quot;[\&quot;error\&quot;] = {&quot; .. record .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- code should never be nil, but inserting an error entry in the final output can be helpful
			end
																				-- here we collect suppress stript tags and their associated language codes;
																				-- prettigying the data in this table must wait until all language codes have been read
			if suppress then													-- if this code has a suppressed script
				local suppressed_code = table.concat ({'\&quot;', code, '\&quot;'});		-- wrap the code in quotes
				
				if suppress_table[suppress] then								-- if there is an entry for this script
					table.insert (suppress_table[suppress], suppressed_code);	-- insert the new code
				else
					suppress_table[suppress] = {};								-- add new script and empty table
					table.insert (suppress_table[suppress], suppressed_code);	-- insert the new code
				end
			end

		elseif record_type == 'script' then					-- if a script record
			code, descriptions = get_lang_script_region_parts (record);			-- get the code and description(s)
			
			if code and ('skip' ~= code) then														
				table.insert (script_table, &quot;[\&quot;&quot; .. code .. &quot;\&quot;] = {&quot; .. descriptions .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- make table entries
			elseif not code then
				table.insert (script_table, &quot;[\&quot;error\&quot;] = {&quot; .. record .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- code should never be nil, but ...
			end

		elseif record_type == 'region' then					-- if a region record
			code, descriptions = get_lang_script_region_parts (record);			-- get the code and description(s)
			
			if code and ('skip' ~= code) then														
				table.insert (region_table, &quot;[\&quot;&quot; .. code .. &quot;\&quot;] = {&quot; .. descriptions .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- make table entries
			elseif not code then
				table.insert (region_table, &quot;[\&quot;error\&quot;] = {&quot; .. record .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- code should never be nil, but ...
			end

		elseif record_type == 'variant' then					-- if a variant record
			code, prefixes, descriptions = get_variant_parts (record);			-- get the code, prefix(es), and description(s)

			if code and ('skip' ~= code) then														
				table.insert (variant_table,
					table.concat ({
						&quot;[\&quot;&quot;,
						code,
						&quot;\&quot;] = {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&amp;#9;[\&quot;descriptions\&quot;] = {&quot;,
						descriptions,
						&quot;},&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&amp;#9;[\&quot;prefixes\&quot;] = {&quot;,
						prefixes,
						&quot;},&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&amp;#9;}&quot;
						})
					);
			elseif not code then
				table.insert (variant_table, &quot;[\&quot;error\&quot;] = {&quot; .. record .. &quot;}&quot;);	-- code should never be nil, but ...
			end
		end
	end
																				-- now prettify the supressed script table
	local pretty_suppressed = {};
	
	for script, code_tbl in pairs (suppress_table) do
		local LIMIT = 11;														-- max number of subtags on a line before a line break
		local fragment_tbl = {};												-- groups of LIMIT number of subtags collected here
		
		for i=1, #code_tbl, LIMIT do
			local stop = ((i+LIMIT-1) &gt; #code_tbl) and #code_tbl or i+LIMIT-1;	-- calculate a table.concat stop position
			table.insert (fragment_tbl, table.concat (code_tbl, ', ', i, stop));	-- get the fragment and save it
		end
		
		table.insert (pretty_suppressed,										-- and make all pretty
			table.concat ({'[\&quot;', script, '\&quot;] = {', table.concat (fragment_tbl, ',\n\t\t\t\t'), '}'})
			);
	end
	table.sort (pretty_suppressed);

																				-- make final output pretty
	return '&lt;br /&gt;&lt;pre&gt;------------------------------&lt; I A N A   L A N G U A G E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;--' ..
			file_date .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;local active = {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (lang_table, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; .. 
			&quot;local deprecated = {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (lang_dep_table, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; .. 
			&quot;return {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;active = active,&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;deprecated = deprecated,&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; ..
			'------------------------------&lt; I A N A   S C R I P T S &gt;------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;--' ..
			file_date .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;return {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (script_table, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; ..
			'------------------------------&lt; I A N A   R E G I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;--' ..
			file_date .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;return {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (region_table, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; ..
			'------------------------------&lt; I A N A   V A R I A N T S &gt;----------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;--' ..
			file_date .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;return {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (variant_table, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; ..
			'------------------------------&lt; I A N A   S U P P R E S S E D   S C R I P T S &gt;--------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;--' ..
			file_date .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;return {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (pretty_suppressed, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; ..
			'------------------------------&lt; I S O   6 3 9 - 1 &gt;------------------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;--' ..
			file_date .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;return {&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;&quot; .. table.concat (iso_639_1_table, ',&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;') .. &quot;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;#9;}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot; .. &quot;&lt;/pre&gt;&quot;;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N &gt;--------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	iana_extract = iana_extract,
	}</text>
      <sha1>dxa2t8clnxfwrf8n4jvut6jfqvypkqw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/iana languages/make/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33564</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157777</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T06:59:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'This is a crude tool that reads a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file] and extracts the information necessary to create the data tables held by: * [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages]] * [[Module:Lang/data/iana scripts]] * [[Module:Lang/data/iana regions]] * [[Module:Lang/data/iana variants]] * [[Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts]] * Module:Lang/data/ISO...'</comment>
      <origin>157777</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1921" sha1="m0d07s43gtv1jai1mwmiwvphcbpk4vk" xml:space="preserve">This is a crude tool that reads a local copy of an IANA [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file] and extracts the information necessary to create the data tables held by:
* [[Module:Lang/data/iana languages]]
* [[Module:Lang/data/iana scripts]]
* [[Module:Lang/data/iana regions]]
* [[Module:Lang/data/iana variants]]
* [[Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts]]
* [[Module:Lang/data/ISO 639-1]] – not an IANA file per se, but used by [[Module:ISO 639 name]]; included here so that -1 is not neglected when the other files are updated

The tool skips records that contain the words: 'Deprecated', 'Preferred-Value', and 'Private use'.

At this writing, the tool extracts only the subtag code and description(s) from language, script, region, and variant records.

== Usage ==
To use this tool:
# Open a blank sandbox page and paste the following at the top:
#: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Language/data/iana languages/make|iana_extract}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
# Go to the current [https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry language-subtag-registry file] (or any of the files held by [https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry archive.org]). Copy the whole (or just as much as you need) and paste it into the sandbox page below the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;.
# Click Show preview
# Wait
# Copy result

There is some crude error checking that will insert an error message in the output.  No guarantees that such messaging will be helpful.  Search for the word 'error' in the tool's output.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>m0d07s43gtv1jai1mwmiwvphcbpk4vk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Separated entries</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33565</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157778</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:01:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Separated entries|main}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation|Module:Separated entries/doc}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157778</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="122" sha1="sfikcojxuyv57vbug2pm3azhx0keatt" xml:space="preserve">{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Separated entries|main}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation|Module:Separated entries/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>sfikcojxuyv57vbug2pm3azhx0keatt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Plainlist/styles.css</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33566</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157779</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:03:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '/* {{pp-template|small=yes}} */ .plainlist ol, .plainlist ul { 	line-height: inherit; 	list-style: none; 	margin: 0; 	padding: 0; /* Reset Minerva default */ }  .plainlist ol li, .plainlist ul li { 	margin-bottom: 0; }'</comment>
      <origin>157779</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="218" sha1="9iguthb0t8w7c89r3am2dbgv55d4w1c" xml:space="preserve">/* {{pp-template|small=yes}} */
.plainlist ol,
.plainlist ul {
	line-height: inherit;
	list-style: none;
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0; /* Reset Minerva default */
}

.plainlist ol li,
.plainlist ul li {
	margin-bottom: 0;
}</text>
      <sha1>9iguthb0t8w7c89r3am2dbgv55d4w1c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33567</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157780</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:45:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '-- File-Date: 2013-01-11 return { 	[&quot;aar&quot;] = &quot;aa&quot;, 	[&quot;abk&quot;] = &quot;ab&quot;, 	[&quot;afr&quot;] = &quot;af&quot;, 	[&quot;aka&quot;] = &quot;ak&quot;, 	[&quot;amh&quot;] = &quot;am&quot;, 	[&quot;ara&quot;] = &quot;ar&quot;, 	[&quot;arg&quot;] = &quot;an&quot;, 	[&quot;asm&quot;] = &quot;as&quot;, 	[&quot;ava&quot;] = &quot;av&quot;, 	[&quot;ave&quot;] = &quot;ae&quot;, 	[&quot;aym&quot;] = &quot;ay&quot;, 	[&quot;aze&quot;] = &quot;az&quot;, 	[&quot;bak&quot;] = &quot;ba&quot;, 	[&quot;bam&quot;] = &quot;bm&quot;, 	[&quot;bel&quot;] = &quot;be&quot;, 	[&quot;ben&quot;] = &quot;bn&quot;, 	[&quot;bih&quot;] = &quot;bh&quot;, 	[&quot;bis&quot;] = &quot;bi&quot;, 	[&quot;bod&quot;] = &quot;bo&quot;, 	[&quot;bos&quot;] = &quot;bs&quot;, 	[&quot;bre&quot;] = &quot;br&quot;, 	[&quot;bul&quot;] = &quot;bg&quot;, 	[&quot;cat&quot;] = &quot;ca&quot;, 	[&quot;ces&quot;] = &quot;cs&quot;, 	[&quot;cha&quot;] = &quot;ch&quot;, 	[&quot;ch...'</comment>
      <origin>157780</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="3163" sha1="shzq5qyzo42nqfska6amwdq4g8lois9" xml:space="preserve">-- File-Date: 2013-01-11
return {
	[&quot;aar&quot;] = &quot;aa&quot;,
	[&quot;abk&quot;] = &quot;ab&quot;,
	[&quot;afr&quot;] = &quot;af&quot;,
	[&quot;aka&quot;] = &quot;ak&quot;,
	[&quot;amh&quot;] = &quot;am&quot;,
	[&quot;ara&quot;] = &quot;ar&quot;,
	[&quot;arg&quot;] = &quot;an&quot;,
	[&quot;asm&quot;] = &quot;as&quot;,
	[&quot;ava&quot;] = &quot;av&quot;,
	[&quot;ave&quot;] = &quot;ae&quot;,
	[&quot;aym&quot;] = &quot;ay&quot;,
	[&quot;aze&quot;] = &quot;az&quot;,
	[&quot;bak&quot;] = &quot;ba&quot;,
	[&quot;bam&quot;] = &quot;bm&quot;,
	[&quot;bel&quot;] = &quot;be&quot;,
	[&quot;ben&quot;] = &quot;bn&quot;,
	[&quot;bih&quot;] = &quot;bh&quot;,
	[&quot;bis&quot;] = &quot;bi&quot;,
	[&quot;bod&quot;] = &quot;bo&quot;,
	[&quot;bos&quot;] = &quot;bs&quot;,
	[&quot;bre&quot;] = &quot;br&quot;,
	[&quot;bul&quot;] = &quot;bg&quot;,
	[&quot;cat&quot;] = &quot;ca&quot;,
	[&quot;ces&quot;] = &quot;cs&quot;,
	[&quot;cha&quot;] = &quot;ch&quot;,
	[&quot;che&quot;] = &quot;ce&quot;,
	[&quot;chu&quot;] = &quot;cu&quot;,
	[&quot;chv&quot;] = &quot;cv&quot;,
	[&quot;cor&quot;] = &quot;kw&quot;,
	[&quot;cos&quot;] = &quot;co&quot;,
	[&quot;cre&quot;] = &quot;cr&quot;,
	[&quot;cym&quot;] = &quot;cy&quot;,
	[&quot;dan&quot;] = &quot;da&quot;,
	[&quot;deu&quot;] = &quot;de&quot;,
	[&quot;div&quot;] = &quot;dv&quot;,
	[&quot;dzo&quot;] = &quot;dz&quot;,
	[&quot;ell&quot;] = &quot;el&quot;,
	[&quot;eng&quot;] = &quot;en&quot;,
	[&quot;epo&quot;] = &quot;eo&quot;,
	[&quot;est&quot;] = &quot;et&quot;,
	[&quot;eus&quot;] = &quot;eu&quot;,
	[&quot;ewe&quot;] = &quot;ee&quot;,
	[&quot;fao&quot;] = &quot;fo&quot;,
	[&quot;fas&quot;] = &quot;fa&quot;,
	[&quot;fij&quot;] = &quot;fj&quot;,
	[&quot;fin&quot;] = &quot;fi&quot;,
	[&quot;fra&quot;] = &quot;fr&quot;,
	[&quot;fry&quot;] = &quot;fy&quot;,
	[&quot;ful&quot;] = &quot;ff&quot;,
	[&quot;gla&quot;] = &quot;gd&quot;,
	[&quot;gle&quot;] = &quot;ga&quot;,
	[&quot;glg&quot;] = &quot;gl&quot;,
	[&quot;glv&quot;] = &quot;gv&quot;,
	[&quot;grn&quot;] = &quot;gn&quot;,
	[&quot;guj&quot;] = &quot;gu&quot;,
	[&quot;hat&quot;] = &quot;ht&quot;,
	[&quot;hau&quot;] = &quot;ha&quot;,
	[&quot;heb&quot;] = &quot;he&quot;,
	[&quot;her&quot;] = &quot;hz&quot;,
	[&quot;hin&quot;] = &quot;hi&quot;,
	[&quot;hmo&quot;] = &quot;ho&quot;,
	[&quot;hrv&quot;] = &quot;hr&quot;,
	[&quot;hun&quot;] = &quot;hu&quot;,
	[&quot;hye&quot;] = &quot;hy&quot;,
	[&quot;ibo&quot;] = &quot;ig&quot;,
	[&quot;ido&quot;] = &quot;io&quot;,
	[&quot;iii&quot;] = &quot;ii&quot;,
	[&quot;iku&quot;] = &quot;iu&quot;,
	[&quot;ile&quot;] = &quot;ie&quot;,
	[&quot;ina&quot;] = &quot;ia&quot;,
	[&quot;ind&quot;] = &quot;id&quot;,
	[&quot;ipk&quot;] = &quot;ik&quot;,
	[&quot;isl&quot;] = &quot;is&quot;,
	[&quot;ita&quot;] = &quot;it&quot;,
	[&quot;jav&quot;] = &quot;jv&quot;,
	[&quot;jpn&quot;] = &quot;ja&quot;,
	[&quot;kal&quot;] = &quot;kl&quot;,
	[&quot;kan&quot;] = &quot;kn&quot;,
	[&quot;kas&quot;] = &quot;ks&quot;,
	[&quot;kat&quot;] = &quot;ka&quot;,
	[&quot;kau&quot;] = &quot;kr&quot;,
	[&quot;kaz&quot;] = &quot;kk&quot;,
	[&quot;khm&quot;] = &quot;km&quot;,
	[&quot;kik&quot;] = &quot;ki&quot;,
	[&quot;kin&quot;] = &quot;rw&quot;,
	[&quot;kir&quot;] = &quot;ky&quot;,
	[&quot;kom&quot;] = &quot;kv&quot;,
	[&quot;kon&quot;] = &quot;kg&quot;,
	[&quot;kor&quot;] = &quot;ko&quot;,
	[&quot;kua&quot;] = &quot;kj&quot;,
	[&quot;kur&quot;] = &quot;ku&quot;,
	[&quot;lao&quot;] = &quot;lo&quot;,
	[&quot;lat&quot;] = &quot;la&quot;,
	[&quot;lav&quot;] = &quot;lv&quot;,
	[&quot;lim&quot;] = &quot;li&quot;,
	[&quot;lin&quot;] = &quot;ln&quot;,
	[&quot;lit&quot;] = &quot;lt&quot;,
	[&quot;ltz&quot;] = &quot;lb&quot;,
	[&quot;lub&quot;] = &quot;lu&quot;,
	[&quot;lug&quot;] = &quot;lg&quot;,
	[&quot;mah&quot;] = &quot;mh&quot;,
	[&quot;mal&quot;] = &quot;ml&quot;,
	[&quot;mar&quot;] = &quot;mr&quot;,
	[&quot;mkd&quot;] = &quot;mk&quot;,
	[&quot;mlg&quot;] = &quot;mg&quot;,
	[&quot;mlt&quot;] = &quot;mt&quot;,
	[&quot;mon&quot;] = &quot;mn&quot;,
	[&quot;mri&quot;] = &quot;mi&quot;,
	[&quot;msa&quot;] = &quot;ms&quot;,
	[&quot;mya&quot;] = &quot;my&quot;,
	[&quot;nau&quot;] = &quot;na&quot;,
	[&quot;nav&quot;] = &quot;nv&quot;,
	[&quot;nbl&quot;] = &quot;nr&quot;,
	[&quot;nde&quot;] = &quot;nd&quot;,
	[&quot;ndo&quot;] = &quot;ng&quot;,
	[&quot;nep&quot;] = &quot;ne&quot;,
	[&quot;nld&quot;] = &quot;nl&quot;,
	[&quot;nno&quot;] = &quot;nn&quot;,
	[&quot;nob&quot;] = &quot;nb&quot;,
	[&quot;nor&quot;] = &quot;no&quot;,
	[&quot;nya&quot;] = &quot;ny&quot;,
	[&quot;oci&quot;] = &quot;oc&quot;,
	[&quot;oji&quot;] = &quot;oj&quot;,
	[&quot;ori&quot;] = &quot;or&quot;,
	[&quot;orm&quot;] = &quot;om&quot;,
	[&quot;oss&quot;] = &quot;os&quot;,
	[&quot;pan&quot;] = &quot;pa&quot;,
	[&quot;pli&quot;] = &quot;pi&quot;,
	[&quot;pol&quot;] = &quot;pl&quot;,
	[&quot;por&quot;] = &quot;pt&quot;,
	[&quot;pus&quot;] = &quot;ps&quot;,
	[&quot;que&quot;] = &quot;qu&quot;,
	[&quot;roh&quot;] = &quot;rm&quot;,
	[&quot;ron&quot;] = &quot;ro&quot;,
	[&quot;run&quot;] = &quot;rn&quot;,
	[&quot;rus&quot;] = &quot;ru&quot;,
	[&quot;sag&quot;] = &quot;sg&quot;,
	[&quot;san&quot;] = &quot;sa&quot;,
	[&quot;sin&quot;] = &quot;si&quot;,
	[&quot;slk&quot;] = &quot;sk&quot;,
	[&quot;slv&quot;] = &quot;sl&quot;,
	[&quot;sme&quot;] = &quot;se&quot;,
	[&quot;smo&quot;] = &quot;sm&quot;,
	[&quot;sna&quot;] = &quot;sn&quot;,
	[&quot;snd&quot;] = &quot;sd&quot;,
	[&quot;som&quot;] = &quot;so&quot;,
	[&quot;sot&quot;] = &quot;st&quot;,
	[&quot;spa&quot;] = &quot;es&quot;,
	[&quot;sqi&quot;] = &quot;sq&quot;,
	[&quot;srd&quot;] = &quot;sc&quot;,
	[&quot;srp&quot;] = &quot;sr&quot;,
	[&quot;ssw&quot;] = &quot;ss&quot;,
	[&quot;sun&quot;] = &quot;su&quot;,
	[&quot;swa&quot;] = &quot;sw&quot;,
	[&quot;swe&quot;] = &quot;sv&quot;,
	[&quot;tah&quot;] = &quot;ty&quot;,
	[&quot;tam&quot;] = &quot;ta&quot;,
	[&quot;tat&quot;] = &quot;tt&quot;,
	[&quot;tel&quot;] = &quot;te&quot;,
	[&quot;tgk&quot;] = &quot;tg&quot;,
	[&quot;tgl&quot;] = &quot;tl&quot;,
	[&quot;tha&quot;] = &quot;th&quot;,
	[&quot;tir&quot;] = &quot;ti&quot;,
	[&quot;ton&quot;] = &quot;to&quot;,
	[&quot;tsn&quot;] = &quot;tn&quot;,
	[&quot;tso&quot;] = &quot;ts&quot;,
	[&quot;tuk&quot;] = &quot;tk&quot;,
	[&quot;tur&quot;] = &quot;tr&quot;,
	[&quot;twi&quot;] = &quot;tw&quot;,
	[&quot;uig&quot;] = &quot;ug&quot;,
	[&quot;ukr&quot;] = &quot;uk&quot;,
	[&quot;urd&quot;] = &quot;ur&quot;,
	[&quot;uzb&quot;] = &quot;uz&quot;,
	[&quot;ven&quot;] = &quot;ve&quot;,
	[&quot;vie&quot;] = &quot;vi&quot;,
	[&quot;vol&quot;] = &quot;vo&quot;,
	[&quot;wln&quot;] = &quot;wa&quot;,
	[&quot;wol&quot;] = &quot;wo&quot;,
	[&quot;xho&quot;] = &quot;xh&quot;,
	[&quot;yid&quot;] = &quot;yi&quot;,
	[&quot;yor&quot;] = &quot;yo&quot;,
	[&quot;zha&quot;] = &quot;za&quot;,
	[&quot;zho&quot;] = &quot;zh&quot;,
	[&quot;zul&quot;] = &quot;zu&quot;
	}</text>
      <sha1>shzq5qyzo42nqfska6amwdq4g8lois9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33568</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157781</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:46:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-risk}} This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of data copied from the table at [https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages] on the ISO 639-1 and ISO 639-2 custodian's website.  The table in this module was created using [[Module:ISO 639 name/ISO 639-2/make]]. There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are ac...'</comment>
      <origin>157781</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="814" sha1="46nynjl0yrxbjhi1ap0g2t9tcm3y76c" xml:space="preserve">{{High-risk}}
This module contains data taken directly from a local copy of data copied from the table at [https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages] on the ISO 639-1 and ISO 639-2 custodian's website.

The table in this module was created using [[Module:ISO 639 name/ISO 639-2/make]]. There should be no need to hand edit this table, so please do not do so except to reflect changes that are actually present in the source (in which case it is probably better to re-run the extraction tool on the new data).

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox | |
&lt;!-- Categories below this line, please; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;
[[Category:Language-related modules]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>46nynjl0yrxbjhi1ap0g2t9tcm3y76c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/configuration</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33569</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157783</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:50:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '--[[--------------------------&lt; T E M P L A T E S _ T &gt;-------------------------------------------------------- ]]  local templates_t = { 	lang = 'Lang', 	langx = 'Langx', 	langxx = 'Lang-xx', 	transliteration = 'Transliteration', 	}   --[[--------------------------&lt; K N O W N _ P A R A M S &gt;------------------------------------------------------  lists of all parameters known to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, {{lang-xx}} templates.  Exception: |fn= is known to {{lang}}...'</comment>
      <origin>157783</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="12136" sha1="gumagybz6wmxuy56etpm67aoy5tbxxl" xml:space="preserve">--[[--------------------------&lt; T E M P L A T E S _ T &gt;--------------------------------------------------------
]]

local templates_t = {
	lang = 'Lang',
	langx = 'Langx',
	langxx = 'Lang-xx',
	transliteration = 'Transliteration',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; K N O W N _ P A R A M S &gt;------------------------------------------------------

lists of all parameters known to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, {{lang-xx}} templates.

Exception: |fn= is known to {{lang}} but is not a 'lang' template;  that parameter causes the module to call the
specified lang(), lang_xx_inherit(), or lang_xx_italic() function.  These separate functions set |fn= to nill
and then do the known-param checking on the other template parameters

]]

local known_params_t = {
	['common_params_all_t'] = {													-- these parameters common to {{lang}}, {{langx}}, and {{lang-xx}}
		['code'] = true,
		['text'] = true,
		['rtl'] = true,
		['italic'] = true,
		['italics'] = true,
		['i'] = true,
		['size'] = true,
		['proto'] = true,
		['nocat'] = true,
		['cat'] = true,

		['template'] = true,													-- supplied by external templates to provide template name for error messaging ({{nihongo}}, etc)
		},
	
	['params_lang_t'] = {														-- unique to {{lang}}
		[1] = true,																-- alias of |code=
		[2] = true,																-- alias of |text=
		},

	['params_x_t'] = {															-- common to {{langx}} and {{lang-xx}}
		['translit'] = true,
		['translit-std'] = true,
		['translit-script'] = true,
		['translation'] = true,
		['lit='] = true,
		['label'] = true,
		['link'] = true,
		['links'] = true,
		['lit'] = true,
		['engvar'] = true,
		},

	['params_langx_t'] = {														-- unique to {{langx}}
		[1] = true,																-- alias of |code=
		[2] = true,																-- alias of |text=
		[3] = true,																-- alias of |translit=
		[4] = true,																-- alias of |translation=
		},

	['params_lang_xx_t'] = {													-- unique to {{lang-xx}}
		[1] = true,																-- alias of |text=
		[2] = true,																-- alias of |translit=
		[3] = true,																-- alias of |translation=
		['script'] = true,														-- these needed to override default params in {{lang-??}} templates
		['region'] = true,
		['variant'] = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E N G _ V A R &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------

Used at en.wiki so that spelling of 'romanized' (US, default) can be changed to 'romanised' to match the envar
specified by a {{Use xxx English}}.  Not likely useful outside of en.wiki

This is accomplished by setting |engvar=gb; can, should be omitted in articles that use American English; no
need for the clutter.

]]

local engvar_sel_t = {															-- select either UK English or US English
	['au'] = 'gb_t',															-- these match IANA region codes (except in lower case)
	['ca'] = 'us_t',
	['gb'] = 'gb_t',
	['ie'] = 'gb_t',
	['in'] = 'gb_t',
	['nz'] = 'gb_t',
	['us'] = 'us_t',															-- default engvar
	['za'] = 'gb_t'
	};

local engvar_t = {
	['gb_t'] = {
		['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanisation',										-- lower case
		['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanisation',										-- upper case; unused can be deleted
		['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanised',											-- past tense
		},
	['us_t'] = {																-- default engvar
		['romanisz_lc'] = 'romanization',										-- lower case
		['romanisz_uc'] = 'Romanization',										-- upper case; unused can be deleted
		['romanisz_pt'] = 'romanized',											-- past tense
		}
	}

local default_engvar = 'us_t';


--[[
=============================&lt;&lt; M E S S A G I N G   T A B L E S &gt;&gt;=============================================

these tables are for internationalization.  Messages or fragments thereof are mostly grouped by function name.
Some messages are shared by functions other than the function table that lists the message or fragment.

]]


--[[--------------------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S _ T &gt;----------------------------------------------------------
]]

local keywords_t = {
	['affirmative'] = 'yes',
	['negative'] = 'no',
	['unset'] = 'unset',
	['invert'] = 'invert',
	['default'] = 'default',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; M I S C _ T E X T _ T &gt;--------------------------------------------------------


]]

local misc_text_t = {
	['error'] = 'Error',														-- make_error_msg(), tag_from_name()
	['language'] = 'language',													-- make_translit(), lang_xx(), name_from_tag()
	['help'] = 'help',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ E R R O R _ M S G _ T &gt;----------------------------------------------
]]

local make_error_msg_t = {
	['xlit_err_cat'] = 'Transliteration template errors',
	['lang_err_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx template errors',
	['undefined'] = 'undefined',
	}
	

--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C _ T &gt;--------------------------------------------
]]

local parameter_validate_t = {
	['invalid_param'] = 'invalid parameter: &amp;#124;$1=',							-- $1 is parameter name
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ I T A L I C _ T &gt;--------------------------------------------
]]

local validate_italic_t = {
	['multi_italic'] = 'only one of &amp;#124;italic=, &amp;#124;italics=, or &amp;#124;i= can be specified',
	}
	

--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E _ T E X T _ T &gt;------------------------------------------------
]]

local validate_text_t = {
	['no_text'] = 'no text',
	['malformed_markup'] = 'text has malformed markup',
	['italic_markup'] = 'text has italic markup',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E X T _ S C R I P T _ M A T C H _ T E S T _ T &gt;------------------------------
]]

local text_script_match_test_t = {
	['latn_txt_mismatch'] = 'Latn text/non-Latn script subtag mismatch',
	['latn_scr_mismatch'] = 'Non-latn text (pos $1: $2)/Latn script subtag mismatch',	-- $1 identifies offending character's position; $2 is the character
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------
]]

local lang_t = {
	['conflict_n_param'] = 'conflicting: {{{$1}}} and &amp;#124;$2=',				-- $1 is positional param number, $2 is named param; shared with _lang_xx()
	['conflict_n_param_types'] = {
		['code'] = 'code',
		['text'] = 'text',
		['translit'] = 'translit',
		},
	['invalid_proto'] = 'invalid &amp;#124;proto=: $1',								-- _lang_xx also emits this message
	}
	
	
--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G _ X X _ T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------
]]

local lang_xx_t	= {
	['conflict_n_lit'] = 'conflicting: {{{$1}}} and &amp;#124;lit= or &amp;#124;translation=',	-- $1 is positional parameter; can be either 3 ({{lang-??}}) or 4 ({{langx}})
	['conflict_lit'] = 'conflicting: &amp;#124;lit= and &amp;#124;translation=',
	['conflict_link'] = 'conflicting: &amp;#124;links= and &amp;#124;link=',
	['invalid_xlit_std'] = 'invalid translit-std',
	['romanization'] = 'Romanization of',
	['translit_nonlatn'] = 'transliteration text not Latin script (pos $1: $2)',	-- _xlit() also emits this message; $1 identifies offending character's position; $2 is the character
	['xlit_of_latn'] = 'transliteration of latn script',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; T A G _ F R O M _ N A M E _ T &gt;------------------------------------------------
]]

local tag_from_name_t = {
	['lang_not_found'] = 'language: $1 not found',								-- $1 is language name parameter value
	['missing_lang_name'] = 'missing language name',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; T R A N S L _ T &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------
]]

local transl_t = {
	['unrecog_xlit_std'] = 'unrecognized transliteration standard: $1',			-- $1 is |translit_std- parameter value
	['no_text'] = 'no text',
	['missing_lang_scr'] = 'missing language / script code',
	['unrecog_lang_scr'] = 'unrecognized language / script code: $1',			-- $1 is the language/script code
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ I E T F _ P A R T S _ T &gt;----------------------------------------------
]]

local get_ietf_parts_t = {
	['maint_promo_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1|$1',		-- $1 is ISO 639-2/3 subtag
	['maint_promo_msg'] = 'code: $1 promoted to code: $2',						-- $1 is ISO 639-2/3 subtag, $2 is synonymous ISO 639-1 subtag

	['missing_lang_tag'] = 'missing language tag',								-- also used in _langx()
	['redundant_scr'] = 'redundant script tag',
	['redundant_reg'] = 'redundant region tag',
	['redundant_var'] = 'redundant variant tag',
	['unrecog_tag'] = 'unrecognized language tag: $1',							-- $1 is the whole language tag
	['unrecog_code'] = 'unrecognized language code: $1',						-- $1 is code
	['unrecog_reg_code'] = 'unrecognized region: $1 for code: $2',				-- $1 is region, $2 is code
	['unrecog_scr_code'] = 'unrecognized script: $1 for code: $2',				-- $1 is script, $2 is code
	['script_code'] = 'script: $1 not supported for code: $2',					-- $1 is script, $2 is code
	['unrecog_var'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1',								-- $1 is variant
	['unrecog_var_code'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code: $2',				-- $1 is variant, $2 is code
	['unrecog_var_code_scr'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code-script pair: $2-$3',	-- $1 is variant, $2 is code, $3 is script
	['unrecog_var_code_reg'] = 'unrecognized variant: $1 for code-region pair: $2-$3',	-- $1 is variant, $2 is code, $3 is region
	['unrecog_pri'] = 'unrecognized private tag: $1',							-- $1 is private tag
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E _ N A M E _ G E T _ T &gt;----------------------------------------
]]

local language_name_get_t = {
	['deprecated_cat'] = 'Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes|$1',	-- $1 is deprecated ISO 639 subtag
	['deprecated_msg'] = 'code: $1 is deprecated',								-- $1 is deprecated ISO 639 subtag
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; H T M L _ T I T L E _ T E X T _ T &gt;--------------------------------------------
]]

local make_text_html_t = {
	['zxx'] = 'text',															-- for zxx no linguistic content
	['collective'] = 'collective text',											-- for collective languages
	['individual'] = 'language text',											-- for individual languages
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; T R A N S L A T I O N _ M A K E _ T &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

local translation_make_t = {
	['lit_xlation'] = 'Literal translation',									-- article title fragment and HTML title attribute
	['lit_abbr'] = 'lit.',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C A T E G O R Y _ T &gt;------------------------------------------------
]]

local make_category_t = {
	['collective_cat'] = 'Category:Articles with text in',						-- for collective languages
	['cat_prefix'] = 'Category:Articles containing',							-- prefix for explicitly cited and individual languages
	['explicit_cat'] = 'explicitly cited',										-- for explicitly citing this wiki's language
	['cat_postfix'] = 'language text',											-- postfix for individual languages
	}
	

--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ T R A N S L I T _ T &gt;------------------------------------------------
]]

local make_translit_t = {
	['script'] = 'script',
	['transliteration'] = 'transliteration',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	known_params_t = known_params_t,
	templates_t = templates_t,

	default_engvar = default_engvar,											-- engvar support not likely useful outside of en.wiki
	engvar_t = engvar_t,
	engvar_sel_t = engvar_sel_t,

	get_ietf_parts_t = get_ietf_parts_t,										-- messaging tables
	keywords_t = keywords_t,
	lang_t = lang_t,
	lang_xx_t = lang_xx_t,
	language_name_get_t = language_name_get_t,
	make_category_t = make_category_t,
	make_error_msg_t = make_error_msg_t,
	make_text_html_t = make_text_html_t,
	make_translit_t = make_translit_t,
	misc_text_t = misc_text_t,
	parameter_validate_t = parameter_validate_t,
	tag_from_name_t = tag_from_name_t,
	text_script_match_test_t = text_script_match_test_t,
	transl_t = transl_t,
	translation_make_t = translation_make_t,
	validate_italic_t = validate_italic_t,
	validate_text_t = validate_text_t,
	}</text>
      <sha1>gumagybz6wmxuy56etpm67aoy5tbxxl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/configuration/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33570</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157784</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:51:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{High-use|no-percent=yes}} This module provides static text for [[Module:Lang]] native templates {{tlx|lang}}, {{tlx|langx}}, {{tlx|transliteration}} and for other-language wikis using Module:Lang, the {{tld|lang-??}} templates.  Internationalization is accomplished here.'</comment>
      <origin>157784</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="273" sha1="7jtegnp1azi9b81g4h6f5v75ovc1axa" xml:space="preserve">{{High-use|no-percent=yes}}
This module provides static text for [[Module:Lang]] native templates {{tlx|lang}}, {{tlx|langx}}, {{tlx|transliteration}} and for other-language wikis using Module:Lang, the {{tld|lang-??}} templates.  Internationalization is accomplished here.</text>
      <sha1>7jtegnp1azi9b81g4h6f5v75ovc1axa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/is latn data</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157785</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:52:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '--[[--------------------------&lt; S I N G L E S _ T &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------  list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints that are not included in &lt;ranges_t&gt; taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts and a local copy of https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt  ]]  local singles_t = { 	[170] = true,																-- 00AA 	[186] = true,																-- 00BA 	[215] = true,																-- 00D7 	[247] = true...'</comment>
      <origin>157785</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="19691" sha1="dgradfb6a36pwgdaju103zha60ri929" xml:space="preserve">--[[--------------------------&lt; S I N G L E S _ T &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------

list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints that are not included in &lt;ranges_t&gt; taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts
and a local copy of https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt

]]

local singles_t = {
	[170] = true,																-- 00AA
	[186] = true,																-- 00BA
	[215] = true,																-- 00D7
	[247] = true,																-- 00F7
	[787] = true,																-- 0313
	[800] = true,																-- 0320
	[856] = true,																-- 0358
	[862] = true,																-- 035E
	[884] = true,																-- 0374
	[894] = true,																-- 037E
	[901] = true,																-- 0385
	[903] = true,																-- 0387
	[1541] = true,																-- 0605
	[1548] = true,																-- 060C
	[1563] = true,																-- 061B
	[1567] = true,																-- 061F
	[1600] = true,																-- 0640
	[1757] = true,																-- 06DD
	[2274] = true,																-- 08E2
	[3647] = true,																-- 0E3F
	[4347] = true,																-- 10FB
	[6149] = true,																-- 1805
	[7379] = true,																-- 1CD3
	[7393] = true,																-- 1CE1
	[7418] = true,																-- 1CFA
	[7672] = true,																-- 1DF8
	[8305] = true,																-- 2071
	[8319] = true,																-- 207F
	[8432] = true,																-- 20F0
	[8498] = true,																-- 2132
	[8526] = true,																-- 214E
	[12294] = true,																-- 3006
	[12448] = true,																-- 30A0
	[12783] = true,																-- 31EF
	[13055] = true,																-- 32FF
	[42963] = true,																-- A7D3
	[43310] = true,																-- A92E
	[43471] = true,																-- A9CF
	[43867] = true,																-- AB5B
	[65279] = true,																-- FEFF
	[65392] = true,																-- FF70
	[119970] = true,															-- 1D4A2
	[119995] = true,															-- 1D4BB
	[120134] = true,															-- 1D546
	[129008] = true,															-- 1F7F0
	[917505] = true,															-- E0001
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; R A N G E S _ T &gt;-------------------------------------------------------------

list of Latn and Zyyy (common) codepoints taken from Module:Unicode data/scripts and a local copy of
https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/ScriptExtensions.txt

]]

local ranges_t = {
	{0, 169},																	-- 0000..00A9
	{171, 185},																	-- 00AB..00B9
	{187, 214},																	-- 00BB..00D6
	{216, 246},																	-- 00D8..00F6
	{248, 745},																	-- 00F8..02E9
	{748, 782},																	-- 02EC..030E
	{784, 785},																	-- 0310..0311
	{803, 805},																	-- 0323..0325
	{813, 814},																	-- 032D..032E
	{816, 817},																	-- 0330..0331
	{867, 879},																	-- 0363..036F
	{1157, 1158},																-- 0485..0486
	{2385, 2386},																-- 0951..0952
	{2404, 2405},																-- 0964..0965
	{4053, 4056},																-- 0FD5..0FD8
	{5867, 5869},																-- 16EB..16ED
	{5941, 5942},																-- 1735..1736
	{6146, 6147},																-- 1802..1803
	{7401, 7404},																-- 1CE9..1CEC
	{7406, 7411},																-- 1CEE..1CF3
	{7413, 7415},																-- 1CF5..1CF7
	{7424, 7461},																-- 1D00..1D25
	{7468, 7516},																-- 1D2C..1D5C
	{7522, 7525},																-- 1D62..1D65
	{7531, 7543},																-- 1D6B..1D77
	{7545, 7614},																-- 1D79..1DBE
	{7680, 7935},																-- 1E00..1EFF
	{8192, 8203},																-- 2000..200B
	{8206, 8292},																-- 200E..2064
	{8294, 8304},																-- 2066..2070
	{8308, 8318},																-- 2074..207E
	{8320, 8334},																-- 2080..208E
	{8336, 8348},																-- 2090..209C
	{8352, 8384},																-- 20A0..20C0
	{8448, 8485},																-- 2100..2125
	{8487, 8497},																-- 2127..2131
	{8499, 8525},																-- 2133..214D
	{8527, 8587},																-- 214F..218B
	{8592, 9257},																-- 2190..2429
	{9280, 9290},																-- 2440..244A
	{9312, 10239},																-- 2460..27FF
	{10496, 11123},																-- 2900..2B73
	{11126, 11157},																-- 2B76..2B95
	{11159, 11263},																-- 2B97..2BFF
	{11360, 11391},																-- 2C60..2C7F
	{11776, 11869},																-- 2E00..2E5D
	{12272, 12292},																-- 2FF0..3004
	{12296, 12320},																-- 3008..3020
	{12336, 12343},																-- 3030..3037
	{12348, 12351},																-- 303C..303F
	{12443, 12444},																-- 309B..309C
	{12539, 12540},																-- 30FB..30FC
	{12688, 12703},																-- 3190..319F
	{12736, 12773},																-- 31C0..31E5
	{12832, 12895},																-- 3220..325F
	{12927, 13007},																-- 327F..32CF
	{13144, 13311},																-- 3358..33FF
	{19904, 19967},																-- 4DC0..4DFF
	{42752, 42957},																-- A700..A7CD
	{42960, 42961},																-- A7D0..A7D1
	{42965, 42972},																-- A7D5..A7DC
	{42994, 43007},																-- A7F2..A7FF
	{43056, 43065},																-- A830..A839
	{43824, 43866},																-- AB30..AB5A
	{43868, 43876},																-- AB5C..AB64
	{43878, 43883},																-- AB66..AB6B
	{64256, 64262},																-- FB00..FB06
	{64830, 64831},																-- FD3E..FD3F
	{65040, 65049},																-- FE10..FE19
	{65072, 65106},																-- FE30..FE52
	{65108, 65126},																-- FE54..FE66
	{65128, 65131},																-- FE68..FE6B
	{65281, 65381},																-- FF01..FF65
	{65438, 65439},																-- FF9E..FF9F
	{65504, 65510},																-- FFE0..FFE6
	{65512, 65518},																-- FFE8..FFEE
	{65529, 65533},																-- FFF9..FFFD
	{65792, 65794},																-- 10100..10102
	{65799, 65843},																-- 10107..10133
	{65847, 65855},																-- 10137..1013F
	{65936, 65948},																-- 10190..1019C
	{66000, 66044},																-- 101D0..101FC
	{66273, 66299},																-- 102E1..102FB
	{67456, 67461},																-- 10780..10785
	{67463, 67504},																-- 10787..107B0
	{67506, 67514},																-- 107B2..107BA
	{113824, 113827},															-- 1BCA0..1BCA3
	{117760, 118009},															-- 1CC00..1CCF9
	{118016, 118451},															-- 1CD00..1CEB3
	{118608, 118723},															-- 1CF50..1CFC3
	{118784, 119029},															-- 1D000..1D0F5
	{119040, 119078},															-- 1D100..1D126
	{119081, 119142},															-- 1D129..1D166
	{119146, 119162},															-- 1D16A..1D17A
	{119171, 119172},															-- 1D183..1D184
	{119180, 119209},															-- 1D18C..1D1A9
	{119214, 119274},															-- 1D1AE..1D1EA
	{119488, 119507},															-- 1D2C0..1D2D3
	{119520, 119539},															-- 1D2E0..1D2F3
	{119552, 119638},															-- 1D300..1D356
	{119648, 119672},															-- 1D360..1D378
	{119808, 119892},															-- 1D400..1D454
	{119894, 119964},															-- 1D456..1D49C
	{119966, 119967},															-- 1D49E..1D49F
	{119973, 119974},															-- 1D4A5..1D4A6
	{119977, 119980},															-- 1D4A9..1D4AC
	{119982, 119993},															-- 1D4AE..1D4B9
	{119997, 120003},															-- 1D4BD..1D4C3
	{120005, 120069},															-- 1D4C5..1D505
	{120071, 120074},															-- 1D507..1D50A
	{120077, 120084},															-- 1D50D..1D514
	{120086, 120092},															-- 1D516..1D51C
	{120094, 120121},															-- 1D51E..1D539
	{120123, 120126},															-- 1D53B..1D53E
	{120128, 120132},															-- 1D540..1D544
	{120138, 120144},															-- 1D54A..1D550
	{120146, 120485},															-- 1D552..1D6A5
	{120488, 120779},															-- 1D6A8..1D7CB
	{120782, 120831},															-- 1D7CE..1D7FF
	{122624, 122654},															-- 1DF00..1DF1E
	{122661, 122666},															-- 1DF25..1DF2A
	{126065, 126132},															-- 1EC71..1ECB4
	{126209, 126269},															-- 1ED01..1ED3D
	{126976, 127019},															-- 1F000..1F02B
	{127024, 127123},															-- 1F030..1F093
	{127136, 127150},															-- 1F0A0..1F0AE
	{127153, 127167},															-- 1F0B1..1F0BF
	{127169, 127183},															-- 1F0C1..1F0CF
	{127185, 127221},															-- 1F0D1..1F0F5
	{127232, 127405},															-- 1F100..1F1AD
	{127462, 127487},															-- 1F1E6..1F1FF
	{127489, 127490},															-- 1F201..1F202
	{127504, 127547},															-- 1F210..1F23B
	{127552, 127560},															-- 1F240..1F248
	{127568, 127569},															-- 1F250..1F251
	{127584, 127589},															-- 1F260..1F265
	{127744, 128727},															-- 1F300..1F6D7
	{128732, 128748},															-- 1F6DC..1F6EC
	{128752, 128764},															-- 1F6F0..1F6FC
	{128768, 128886},															-- 1F700..1F776
	{128891, 128985},															-- 1F77B..1F7D9
	{128992, 129003},															-- 1F7E0..1F7EB
	{129024, 129035},															-- 1F800..1F80B
	{129040, 129095},															-- 1F810..1F847
	{129104, 129113},															-- 1F850..1F859
	{129120, 129159},															-- 1F860..1F887
	{129168, 129197},															-- 1F890..1F8AD
	{129200, 129211},															-- 1F8B0..1F8BB
	{129216, 129217},															-- 1F8C0..1F8C1
	{129280, 129619},															-- 1F900..1FA53
	{129632, 129645},															-- 1FA60..1FA6D
	{129648, 129660},															-- 1FA70..1FA7C
	{129664, 129673},															-- 1FA80..1FA89
	{129679, 129734},															-- 1FA8F..1FAC6
	{129742, 129756},															-- 1FACE..1FADC
	{129759, 129769},															-- 1FADF..1FAE9
	{129776, 129784},															-- 1FAF0..1FAF8
	{129792, 129938},															-- 1FB00..1FB92
	{129940, 130041},															-- 1FB94..1FBF9
	{917536, 917631},															-- E0020..E007F
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; S P E C I A L S _ T &gt;---------------------------------------------------------

list of individual language-specific non-Latn and non-Zyyy codepoints; these codepoints commonly used in
transliterations.  This list is manually currated so is most likely incomplete.

keys to &lt;specials_t&gt; are decimal codepoints; other keys are language tags (always lowercase) of language
transliterations that use these non-Latn codepoints.

]]

local specials_t = {
	[788] = {																	-- U+0314: COMBINING REVERSED COMMA ABOVE
			[&quot;hy&quot;] = true,														-- Armenian
			},
	[794] = {																	-- U+031A: COMBINING LEFT ANGLE ABOVE
			[&quot;ltc&quot;] = true,														-- Middle Chinese; is this really IPA?
			},
	[795] = {																	-- U+031B: COMBINING HORN
			[&quot;th&quot;] = true,														-- Thai
			},
	[806] = {																	-- U+0326: COMBINING COMMA BELOW
			[&quot;ab&quot;] = true,														-- Abkhaz
			[&quot;kca&quot;] = true,														-- Khanty
			[&quot;xal&quot;] = true,														-- Kalmyk or Oirat
			},
	[807] = {																	-- U+0327: COMBINING CEDILLA
			[&quot;fa&quot;] = true,														-- Persian
			},
	[809] = {																	-- U+0329: COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
			[&quot;ab&quot;] = true,														-- Abkhaz
			[&quot;sa&quot;] = true,														-- Sanskrit
			},
	[815] = {																	-- U+032F: COMBINING INVERTED BREVE BELOW
			[&quot;mong&quot;] = true,													-- Mongolian
			[&quot;xsc&quot;] = true,														-- Scythian
			},
	[818] = {																	-- U+0332: COMBINING LOW LINE
			[&quot;ar&quot;] = true,														-- Arabic
			[&quot;hbo&quot;] = true,														-- Ancient Hebrew
			[&quot;he&quot;] = true,														-- Hebrew
			[&quot;jpa&quot;] = true,														-- Jewish Palestinian Aramaic
			[&quot;mdh&quot;] = true,														-- Maguindanaon
			[&quot;otk&quot;] = true,														-- Old Turkish
			},
	[831] = {																	-- U+033F: COMBINING DOUBLE OVERLINE
			[&quot;mnp&quot;] = true,														-- Northern Min Chinese, Jian'ou dialect
			},
	[855] = {																	-- U+0357: COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE
			[&quot;egy&quot;] = true,														-- Ancient Egyptian
			},
	[863] = {																	-- U+035F: COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON BELOW
			[&quot;am&quot;] = true,														-- Amharic
			[&quot;ar&quot;] = true,														-- Arabic
			[&quot;dv&quot;] = true,														-- Dhivehi, Divehi, or Maldivian
			[&quot;fa&quot;] = true,														-- Persian
			[&quot;hi&quot;] = true,														-- Hindi
			[&quot;inc&quot;] = true,														-- Indic languages
			[&quot;ur&quot;] = true,														-- Urdu
			},
	[864] = {																	-- U+0360: COMBINING DOUBLE TILDE
			[&quot;hi&quot;] = true,														-- Hindi
			},
	[865] = {																	-- U+0361: COMBINING DOUBLE INVERTED BREVE
			[&quot;be&quot;] = true,														-- Belarusian
			[&quot;ltc&quot;] = true,														-- Middle Chinese; is this really IPA?
			[&quot;ru&quot;] = true,														-- Russian
			[&quot;rue&quot;] = true, 													-- Rusyn
			[&quot;sem&quot;] = true,														-- Semitic languages
			[&quot;sit&quot;] = true,														-- Sino-Tibetan languages
			[&quot;tt&quot;] = true,														-- Tatar
			},
	[916] = {																	-- U+0394: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA
			[&quot;xsc&quot;] = true,														-- Scythian
			[&quot;xsc-x-pontic&quot;] = true,											-- Pontic Scythian
			},
	[920] = {																	-- U+0398: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA
			[&quot;ae&quot;] = true,														-- Avestan
			},
	[934] = {																	-- U+03A6: GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI
			[&quot;xle&quot;] = true,														-- Lemnian
			},
	[945] = {																	-- U+03B1: GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA
			[&quot;apc&quot;] = true,														-- Levantine Arabic
			},
	[946] = {																	-- U+03B2: GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA
			[&quot;ae&quot;] = true,														-- Avestan
			[&quot;gha&quot;] = true,														-- Ghadamès
			[&quot;ougr&quot;] = true,													-- Old Uyghur
			[&quot;sem&quot;] = true,														-- Semitic languages
			[&quot;syc&quot;] = true,														-- Classical Syriac
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Shanghainese variety of Wu Chinese
			},
	[947] = {																	-- U+03B3: GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA
			[&quot;ae&quot;] = true,														-- Avestan
			[&quot;ltc&quot;] = true,														-- Late Middle Chinese
			[&quot;mn&quot;] = true,														-- Mongolian
			[&quot;och&quot;] = true,														-- Old Chinese
			[&quot;ougr&quot;] = true,													-- Old Uyghur
			[&quot;pal&quot;] = true,														-- Middle Persian
			[&quot;syc&quot;] = true,														-- Classical Syriac
			[&quot;syr&quot;] = true,														-- Syriac
			[&quot;xal&quot;] = true,														-- Kalmyk or Oirat
			[&quot;xng&quot;] = true,														-- Middle Mongolian
			[&quot;xsc&quot;] = true,														-- Scythian
			[&quot;ydg&quot;] = true,														-- Yidgha
			[&quot;mong&quot;] = true,													-- Mongolian
			},
	[948] = {																	-- U+03B4: GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA
			[&quot;ae&quot;] = true,														-- Avestan
			[&quot;ougr&quot;] = true,													-- Old Uyghur
			[&quot;sog&quot;] = true,														-- Sogdian
			[&quot;sogd&quot;] = true,													-- Sogdian
			[&quot;syc&quot;] = true,														-- Classical Syriac
			[&quot;xpr&quot;] = true,														-- Parthian
			[&quot;xsc&quot;] = true,														-- Scythian
			[&quot;xsc-x-pontic&quot;] = true,											-- Pontic Scythian
			},
	[952] = {																	-- U+03B8: GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
			[&quot;ae&quot;] = true,														-- Avestan
			[&quot;ba&quot;] = true,														-- Bashkir
			[&quot;cms&quot;] = true,														-- Messapic
			[&quot;ett&quot;] = true,														-- Etruscan
			[&quot;hur&quot;] = true,														-- Halkomelem
			[&quot;ira&quot;] = true,														-- Iranian languages
			[&quot;my&quot;] = true,														-- Burmese
			[&quot;pal&quot;] = true,														-- Middle Persian (Pahlavi)
			[&quot;peo&quot;] = true,														-- Old Persian
			[&quot;sa&quot;] = true,														-- Sanskrit
			[&quot;sem&quot;] = true,														-- Semitic languages
			[&quot;syc&quot;] = true,														-- Classical Syriac
			[&quot;syr&quot;] = true,														-- Syriac
			[&quot;xme&quot;] = true,														-- Median
			[&quot;xpg&quot;] = true,														-- Phrygian
			[&quot;xpr&quot;] = true,														-- Parthian
			[&quot;xsc&quot;] = true,														-- Scythian
			},
	[955] = {																	-- U+03BB: GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA
			[&quot;xcr&quot;] = true,														-- Carian
			[&quot;xld&quot;] = true,														-- Lydian
			},
	[963] = {																	-- U+03C3: GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
			[&quot;ett&quot;] = true,														-- Etruscan
			},
	[964] = {																	-- U+03C4: GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU
			[&quot;xld&quot;] = true,														-- Lydian
			},
	[966] = {																	-- U+03C6: GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
			[&quot;ett&quot;] = true,														-- Etruscan
			},
	[967] = {																	-- U+03C7: GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI
			[&quot;ett&quot;] = true,														-- Etruscan
			[&quot;gem&quot;] = true,														-- Germanic languages
			[&quot;hur&quot;] = true,														-- Halkomelem
			[&quot;kbd&quot;] = true,														-- Kabardian
			[&quot;ltc&quot;] = true,														-- Late Middle Chinese
			[&quot;och&quot;] = true,														-- Old Chinese
			[&quot;xlc&quot;] = true,														-- Lycian
			[&quot;xle&quot;] = true,														-- Lemnian
			},
	[968] = {																	-- U+03C8: GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI
			[&quot;ett&quot;] = true,														-- Etruscan
			},
	[977] = {																	-- U+03D1: GREEK THETA SYMBOL (cursive form)
			[&quot;ae&quot;] = true,														-- Avestan
			[&quot;ira&quot;] = true,														-- Iranian languages
			[&quot;peo&quot;] = true,														-- Old Persian
			[&quot;xme&quot;] = true,														-- Median
			[&quot;xsc&quot;] = true,														-- Scythian
			[&quot;xsc-x-pontic&quot;] = true,											-- Pontic Scythian
			},
	[1098] = {																	-- U+044A: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN
			[&quot;ady&quot;] = true,														-- Adyghe
			[&quot;cu&quot;] = true,														-- Church Slavic
			[&quot;zls&quot;] = true,														-- South Slavic languages
			},
	[1100] = {																	-- U+044C: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT SIGN
			[&quot;az&quot;] = true,														-- Azerbaijani
			[&quot;cu&quot;] = true,														-- Church Slavonic
			[&quot;dng&quot;] = true,														-- Dungan
			[&quot;ru&quot;] = true,														-- Russian
			[&quot;tt&quot;] = true,														-- Tatar
			[&quot;tyv&quot;] = true,														-- Tuvinian
			},
	[1278] = {																	-- U+04FE: CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HA WITH STROKE
			[&quot;av&quot;] = true,														-- Avar
			},
	[1279] = {																	-- U+04FF: CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA WITH STROKE
			[&quot;av&quot;] = true,														-- Avar
			},
	[8113] = {																	-- U+1FB1: GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH MACRON
			[&quot;apc&quot;] = true,														-- Levantine Arabic
			},
	[8190] = {																	-- U+1FFE: GREEK DASIA
			[&quot;ar&quot;] = true,														-- Arabic (Ayin)
			[&quot;xcl&quot;] = true,														-- Classical Armenian
			},
	[19978] = {																	-- U+4E0A: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Wu Chinese tone marker
			},
	[20837] = {																	-- U+5165: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Wu Chinese tone marker
			},
	[21435] = {																	-- U+53BB: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Wu Chinese tone marker
			},
	[24179] = {																	-- U+5E73: [CJK Unified Ideographs]
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Wu Chinese tone marker
			},
	[38451] = {																	-- U+9633: [CJK Unified Ideographs] (Yang)
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Suzhou dialect of Wu Chinese tone marker --[[Suzhou dialect#Tones]]
			},
	[38452] = {																	-- U+9634: [CJK Unified Ideographs] (Yin)
			[&quot;wuu&quot;] = true,														-- Suzhou dialect of Wu Chinese tone marker --[[Suzhou dialect#Tones]]
			},
	[65056] = {																	-- U+FE20: COMBINING LIGATURE LEFT HALF
			[&quot;ru&quot;] = true,														-- Russian
			},
	[65057] = {																	-- U+FE21: COMBINING LIGATURE RIGHT HALF
			[&quot;ru&quot;] = true,														-- Russian
			},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;---------------------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	ranges_t = ranges_t,
	singles_t = singles_t,
	specials_t = specials_t,
	
	sizeof_ranges_t = #ranges_t,
	}</text>
      <sha1>dgradfb6a36pwgdaju103zha60ri929</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Lang/data/is latn data/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33572</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157786</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T07:53:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{high risk}} &lt;!-- {{Module rating|}} --&gt; &lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;  == Usage == &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:Lang/data/is latn data|''function_name''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  &lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other|| &lt;!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;  }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;  &lt;noinclude&gt; [[Category:Module documentation pages]] &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157786</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="424" sha1="i4kas1rxnc6pzya3p4mrtcqltaq96ao" xml:space="preserve">{{high risk}}
&lt;!-- {{Module rating|}} --&gt;
&lt;!-- Add categories where indicated at the bottom of this page and interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;

== Usage ==
&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;#invoke:Lang/data/is latn data|''function_name''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
&lt;!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --&gt;

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;

&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>i4kas1rxnc6pzya3p4mrtcqltaq96ao</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Death date</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157789</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:07:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;dday deathdate&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}-{{padleft:{{MONTHNUMBER|{{{2}}}}}|2|0}}-{{padleft:{{{3}}}|2|0}}&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;{{#if:{{{df|}}}|{{#expr:{{{3}}}}} {{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}|{{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}} {{#expr:{{{3}}}}},}} {{#expr:{{{1}}}}}&lt;!--  -- Error checks -- --&gt;{{#ifexpr: ( {{{1|}}} &gt; {{CURRENTYEAR}} )  | &amp;#32;{{error|invalid year}}{{main other|[[Category:Pages using age template with invalid date]]}} }}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{#i...'</comment>
      <origin>157789</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1171" sha1="aqf5ek360nnrfql0360tv8d8gmtmedz" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;dday deathdate&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}-{{padleft:{{MONTHNUMBER|{{{2}}}}}|2|0}}-{{padleft:{{{3}}}|2|0}}&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;{{#if:{{{df|}}}|{{#expr:{{{3}}}}} {{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}}|{{MONTHNAME|{{{2}}}}} {{#expr:{{{3}}}}},}} {{#expr:{{{1}}}}}&lt;!--
 -- Error checks --
--&gt;{{#ifexpr: ( {{{1|}}} &gt; {{CURRENTYEAR}} )
 | &amp;#32;{{error|invalid year}}{{main other|[[Category:Pages using age template with invalid date]]}}
}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{#ifexpr: ( {{{2|}}} &gt; 12 ) OR ( {{{2|}}} &lt; 1 )
 | &amp;#32;{{error|invalid month}}{{main other|[[Category:Pages using age template with invalid date]]}}|}}
}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{#ifexpr: ( {{{3|}}} &gt; 31 ) OR ( {{{3|}}} &lt; 1 )
 | &amp;#32;{{error|invalid day}}{{main other|[[Category:Pages using age template with invalid date]]}}|}}
}}{{#ifeq: {{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0
| {{#if: {{#invoke:wd|label|raw}}
  | {{#if: {{#invoke:String|match|{{#invoke:wd|properties|raw|P31}},|Q5,|1|1|true|}}
    | {{#if: {{#invoke:wd|properties|raw|P570}}
      |
      | [[Category:Date of death not in Wikidata]]
      }}
    }}
  | [[Category:Articles without Wikidata item]]
  }}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>aqf5ek360nnrfql0360tv8d8gmtmedz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Death date/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33574</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157790</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:08:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Documentation subpage}} &lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt; {{High-use}} {{Tracks Wikidata|P570}} {{Lua|Module:String|Module:Wd}}  '''{{NAMESPACE}}:{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' will return a person's date of death.   Using this template rather than simply inserting the date into articles allows for the inclusion of hidden [[metadata]] about the date. This metadata can be used by web browsers and other software tools to extract th...'</comment>
      <origin>157790</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4350" sha1="b54m6utl1niu4etrwwqoq6ep7tczmoq" xml:space="preserve">{{Documentation subpage}}
&lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES WHERE INDICATED AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE --&gt;
{{High-use}}
{{Tracks Wikidata|P570}}
{{Lua|Module:String|Module:Wd}}

'''{{NAMESPACE}}:{{BASEPAGENAME}}''' will return a person's date of death. 

Using this template rather than simply inserting the date into articles allows for the inclusion of hidden [[metadata]] about the date. This metadata can be used by web browsers and other software tools to extract the details, and display them using some other website or mapping tool, index or search them.

== Usage ==
: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}|&lt;var&gt;year of death&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;month of death&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;day of death&lt;/var&gt;|&lt;var&gt;additional parameters&lt;/var&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;

=== Additional parameters ===
The '''df''' (day first) and '''mf''' (month first) parameters indicate the intended date format to display. The appropriate parameter should be set to &quot;y&quot; or &quot;yes&quot;, e.g. {{para|df|y}} or {{para|df|yes}}.

The default output of this template is to display the month before the day. This default may not be appropriate for articles about people from parts of the world where the day precedes the month in a date. In such articles the parameter, &quot;df&quot;, should be set to display the day before the month.

The parameter &quot;mf&quot;, while not actually used by the template, will indicate that month first format is intended. Using these parameters can assist [[WP:BOT|bots]] or other automated processing to detect which date format is intended; leaving the format as default may lead an editor or bot to change the format to an unintended value.

Do not specify both &quot;df&quot; and &quot;mf&quot; parameters in the same use of the template, as these formats are mutually exclusive.

=== Range, Calendar ===
Since the data is emitted in the [[ISO 8601]] format, the calendar must be the Gregorian calendar; the first acceptable year is 1583, the last acceptable year is 9999 (which would only be a concern for fictitious characters).

== Examples ==
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|1993|2|24}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|1993|2|24|df=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}
{{nowiki template demo|format=inline|code=&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{BASEPAGENAME}}&lt;nowiki&gt;|1993|2|24|mf=yes}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;}}

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateData header}}
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;This template will return a person's date of death. Using this template rather than simply inserting the date into articles allows for the inclusion of hidden metadata about the date. This metadata can be used by web browsers and other software tools to extract the details, and display them using some other website or mapping tool, index, or search them.&quot;,
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Year of death&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The year in which the person died.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;number&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;1993&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Month of death&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The month (number) in which the person died.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;number&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;2&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Day of death&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;The day (number) in which the person died.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;number&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;24&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;df&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Day first&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;When set to 'y' or 'yes', the date of death is output in a DMY format.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;y&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;mf&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Month first&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;When set to 'y' or 'yes', stresses that the default MDY date format is intended for the date of death.&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;example&quot;: &quot;y&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: false
		}
	}
}
&lt;/templatedata&gt;

== Tracking categories ==
* {{clc|Pages using age template with invalid date}}
* {{clc|Date of death not in Wikidata}}
* {{clc|Articles without Wikidata item}}

== See also ==
* {{tl|Death date text}} which accepts formats like &quot;1 April 1990&quot; or &quot;April 1, 1990&quot;
* {{tl|Death date and age}} or {{tl|Death-date and age}} if date of birth is known

{{Birth, death and age templates}}

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{sandbox other||
[[Category:Date mathematics templates]]
[[Category:Templates generating microformat dates]]
[[Category:Templates generating hCalendars]]
[[Category:Templates that add a tracking category]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b54m6utl1niu4etrwwqoq6ep7tczmoq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Prang Rusia-Turuki (1877-1878)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33575</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157791</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:32:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347761916|Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>157791</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1538" sha1="t5xcfa2dnisl9eppjpuqckc31mpl9lv" xml:space="preserve">
 

'''Prang Rusia-Turuki''' {{Efn|{{langx|tr|93 Harbi|lit=War of '93}}, named for the year 1293 in the [[Islamic calendar]]; {{langx|ru|Русско-турецкая война|Russko-turetskaya voyna}}}} (1877-1878) nakeuh saboh komplik antara Keurajeuën Utsmaniyah ngon koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Keurajeuën [[Rusia]] nyang tamöng lam nyan nakeuh [[Rumania]], [[Sèrbia|Serbia]], ngon [[Monténègrô|Montenegro]]. Peunyebab nyang peuphon prang nyan nakeuh h'eut Rusia keu jireubot keulayi wilayah nyang ka gadoh bak masa Prang Krimea thôn 1853–1856, jipeudong keulayi keududukan jih di La'ôt Itam, ngon jidukông gerakan politik nyang meuhajat peubeubaih bansa-bansa Balkan dari [[Turuki Utsmani|Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah]]. Di Rumania, prang nyan geukheun Prang Rusia-Rumania-Turki (1877–1878) atawa Prang Keumeurdekaan Rumania (1877–1878).

Koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Rusia meunang lam prang nyan, jipeutalô ureuëng Usmaniyah sampoë trok u pintô Keuseutatinopel, nyang jeuët keu seubab campô tangan kuwasa-kuwasa rayek Éropa Barat. Akibatjih, Rusia meuhasé jireubôt provinsi-provinsi di Kaukasus, nakeuh Kars ngon Batum, dan jicok cit wilayah Budjak. Keu-adèpan Rumania, Serbia, ngon Montenegro, nyang maséng-maséng ka na kedaulatan de facto ka padum-padum thôn, sacara raseumi geupeunyata droe meurdéka nibak Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah. Lheueh rab limong abad di yub kuwasa Uthumaniyah (1396–1878), Bulgaria lahé seubagoe nanggroe otonom ngon dukôngan meunan cit campô tangan militè dari Rusia.

== Ne ==</text>
      <sha1>t5xcfa2dnisl9eppjpuqckc31mpl9lv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157792</id>
      <parentid>157791</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:32:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347761916|Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>157792</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2007" sha1="n5nyhygndyd0qu0zhm7j7ihkfd4kvbi" xml:space="preserve">
 

'''Prang Rusia-Turuki''' {{Efn|{{langx|tr|93 Harbi|lit=War of '93}}, named for the year 1293 in the [[Islamic calendar]]; {{langx|ru|Русско-турецкая война|Russko-turetskaya voyna}}}} (1877-1878) nakeuh saboh komplik antara Keurajeuën Utsmaniyah ngon koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Keurajeuën [[Rusia]] nyang tamöng lam nyan nakeuh [[Rumania]], [[Sèrbia|Serbia]], ngon [[Monténègrô|Montenegro]]. Peunyebab nyang peuphon prang nyan nakeuh h'eut Rusia keu jireubot keulayi wilayah nyang ka gadoh bak masa Prang Krimea thôn 1853–1856, jipeudong keulayi keududukan jih di La'ôt Itam, ngon jidukông gerakan politik nyang meuhajat peubeubaih bansa-bansa Balkan dari [[Turuki Utsmani|Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah]]. Di Rumania, prang nyan geukheun Prang Rusia-Rumania-Turki (1877–1878) atawa Prang Keumeurdekaan Rumania (1877–1878).

Koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Rusia meunang lam prang nyan, jipeutalô ureuëng Usmaniyah sampoë trok u pintô Keuseutatinopel, nyang jeuët keu seubab campô tangan kuwasa-kuwasa rayek Éropa Barat. Akibatjih, Rusia meuhasé jireubôt provinsi-provinsi di Kaukasus, nakeuh Kars ngon Batum, dan jicok cit wilayah Budjak. Keu-adèpan Rumania, Serbia, ngon Montenegro, nyang maséng-maséng ka na kedaulatan de facto ka padum-padum thôn, sacara raseumi geupeunyata droe meurdéka nibak Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah. Lheueh rab limong abad di yub kuwasa Uthumaniyah (1396–1878), Bulgaria lahé seubagoe nanggroe otonom ngon dukôngan meunan cit campô tangan militè dari Rusia.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Pemberontakan Usman Pasha Bedirkhan
* Pembunuhan Batak .
* Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-78)
* Peumbunuhan Harmanli
* Seujarah Balkan .
* Tugu keu Peubeubaih Tsar .
* Peumeurintah Rusia Seumentara di Bulgaria .
* Prang Meurdéhka Rumania
* Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-1878) urutan prang: Angkatan La'ôt Utsmaniyah
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBgI&quot;&gt;Serbo-Rusia Buleuen Maret 2019&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
* Tugu Rusia di San Stefano
* ''Gambit Turki nyan .''
* ''Keu prang .''

== Ne ==</text>
      <sha1>n5nyhygndyd0qu0zhm7j7ihkfd4kvbi</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157793</id>
      <parentid>157792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:34:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157793</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2006" sha1="ltlvv5nqazm4kfkk7xxh96mp95sarcl" xml:space="preserve">
 

'''Prang Rusia-Turuki''' {{Efn|{{langx|tr|93 Harbi|lit=War of '93}}, named for the year 1293 in the [[Islamic calendar]]; {{langx|ru|Русско-турецкая война|Russko-turetskaya voyna}}}} (1877-1878) nakeuh saboh komplik antara Keurajeuën Utsmaniyah ngon koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Keurajeuën [[Rusia]] nyang tamöng lam nyan nakeuh [[Rumania]], [[Sèrbia|Serbia]], ngon [[Monténègrô|Montenegro]]. Peunyebab nyang peuphon prang nyan nakeuh h'eut Rusia keu jireubot keulayi wilayah nyang ka gadoh bak masa Prang Krimea thôn 1853–1856, jipeudong keulayi keududukan jih di La'ôt Itam, ngon jidukông gerakan politik nyang meuhajat peubeubaih bansa-bansa Balkan dari [[Turuki Utsmani|Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah]]. Di Rumania, prang nyan geukheun Prang Rusia-Rumania-Turki (1877–1878) atawa Prang Keumeurdekaan Rumania (1877–1878).

Koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Rusia meunang lam prang nyan, jipeutalô ureuëng Usmaniyah sampoë trok u pintô Keuseutatinopel, nyang jeuët keu seubab campô tangan kuwasa-kuwasa rayek Éropa Barat. Akibatjih, Rusia meuhasé jireubôt provinsi-provinsi di Kaukasus, nakeuh Kars ngon Batum, dan jicok cit wilayah Budjak. Keu-adèpan Rumania, Serbia, ngon Montenegro, nyang maséng-maséng ka na kedaulatan de facto ka padum-padum thôn, sacara raseumi geupeunyata droe meurdéka nibak Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah. Lheueh rab limong abad di yub kuwasa Uthumaniyah (1396–1878), Bulgaria lahé seubagoe nanggroe otonom ngon dukôngan meunan cit campô tangan militè dari Rusia.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Pemberontakan Usman Pasha Bedirkhan
* Pembunuhan Batak
* Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-78)
* Peumbunuhan Harmanli
* Seujarah Balkan .
* Tugu keu Peubeubaih Tsar .
* Peumeurintah Rusia Seumentara di Bulgaria .
* Prang Meurdéhka Rumania
* Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-1878) urutan prang: Angkatan La'ôt Utsmaniyah
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBgI&quot;&gt;Serbo-Rusia Buleuen Maret 2019&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
* Tugu Rusia di San Stefano
* ''Gambit Turki nyan .''
* ''Keu prang .''

== Nè ==</text>
      <sha1>ltlvv5nqazm4kfkk7xxh96mp95sarcl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>157794</id>
      <parentid>157793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:35:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>157794</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13808" sha1="4667n169h4l5zbjlvgl5yal2neo5k06" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict          = Russo-Turkish War
| partof            = the [[Great Eastern Crisis]] and the [[Russo-Turkish wars]]
| image             = MixCollage-15-Jan-2024-08-56-PM-4371.jpg
| image_size        = 300
| caption           = Clockwise, from top left: the [[Action off Măcin]], the [[Battle of Shipka Pass]], the [[Battle of Tashkessen]], the [[Siege of Plevna]]
| date              = 24 April 1877 – 3 March 1878&lt;br /&gt;({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=04|day1=24|year1=1877|month2=03|day2=03|year2=1878}})
| place             = [[Balkans]], [[Caucasus]]
| territory         = * Establishment of the [[Principality of Bulgaria]]
* Independence of [[United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia|Romania]], [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]] and [[Principality of Montenegro|Montenegro]] from the [[Ottoman Empire]]
* [[Kars oblast|Kars]] and [[Batum oblast]]s become part of the [[Russian Empire]], [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] occupies [[Ottoman Cyprus|Cyprus]], [[Austria-Hungary]] occupies [[Bosnia vilayet|Bosnia]]
* Russian annexation of [[Southern Bessarabia]] from Romania, Romanian annexation of [[Northern Dobruja]]
* Greek annexation of [[Thessaly]] and [[Arta prefecture|Arta]]
| result            = Russian coalition victory, see {{slink|#Aftermath}}
| combatant1        = {{tree list}}
{{ubl
 |{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} '''[[Russian Empire]]'''}}
** [[Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion#Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78|Guard of Finland]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Torsten Ekman|title=Suomen kaarti 1812–1905|publisher=[[Schildts]]|location=Helsinki|year=2006|isbn=951-50-1534-0|language=fi}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** [[Bulgarian Volunteer Corps|Bulgarian Legion]]
{{flagdeco|Kingdom of Romania}} [[United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia|Romania]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagdeco|Serbia|1835}} [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon image|Flag of Montenegro (1852–1905).svg}} [[Principality of Montenegro|Montenegro]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr&gt;[[Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)|Serbian rebels]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Russo-Turkish_wars#Conflicts_in_the_19th_century|Greek rebels]]&lt;br /&gt; [[File:Roj emblem.svg|20px]] Kurdish rebels
{{tree list/end}}
| combatant2        = {{tree list}}
{{ubl
 |'''{{flag|Ottoman Empire}}'''}}
**[[Bashi-bazouk|Albanian volunteers]]
**{{flagicon image|Flag of Adygea.svg}} [[Bashi-bazouk|Circassian volunteers]]
**{{flagdeco|Poland}} [[Polish Legion in Turkey|Polish Legion]]
**[[File:Roj emblem.svg|20px]] [[Kurds|Kurdish volunteers]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://remittancesreview.com/menu-script/index.php/remittances/article/download/696/370/1288|title=Hamid Zahir Mahmoud, Assist.Prof.Dr.Qahtan Ahmed Farhoud Russian war-Ottoman Empire (1877-1878 AD) and the role of Sheikh Obaid Allah Al-Nahri in it p.947}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Tenik |first1=Ali |title=Tarihsel süreçte Kürt coğrafyasında tasavvuf ve tarîkatlar |date=2015 |publisher=Nûbihar |isbn=9786055053659 |pages=134–135 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DZuSEAAAQBAJ |language=tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Jwaideh | first1=Wadie |title=The Kurdish National Movement |date=2006|isbn=9780815630937|page=96| publisher=Syracuse University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FCbspX-dGPYC}}&lt;/ref&gt;
----{{flagicon image|Thirdimamateflag.svg}} [[:ru:Восстание_в_Чечне_и_Дагестане_(1877)|Imamate rebels]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Principality of Abkhazia#Between the Ottoman and Russian empires|Abkhazian rebels]]
{{tree list/end}}
| commander1        = {{unbulleted list
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} '''[[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]'''
|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1831–1891)|GD. Nikolai]]}}
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia|GD. Mikhail]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Dmitry Milyutin]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Iosif Gurko]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Mikhail Loris-Melikov]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Grigol Dadiani (Kolkhideli)|Grigol Dadiani]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} 
[[Arshak Ter-Gukasov]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Alexander III of Russia|Prince Alexander]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Pyotr Vannovsky]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Mikhail Dragomirov]]{{WIA}}
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Mikhail Skobelev]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Ivan Davidovich Lazarev|Ivan Lazarev]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}}
[[Vasily Geyman]]{{Natural Causes}}
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Eduard Totleben]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Nikolai Stoletov]]
|{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Vladimir Dobrovolsky]]{{KIA}}
|{{flagicon|Kingdom of Romania}} [[Carol I of Romania|Carol I]]
|{{flagicon|Serbia|1835}} [[Milan I of Serbia|Milan I]]
|{{flagicon|Serbia|1835}} [[Kosta Protić]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Montenegro (1852–1905).svg}} [[Nicholas I of Montenegro|Nikola I]]
&lt;hr&gt;
[[File:Roj emblem.svg|20px]] Dersimli Hüseyin Bey&lt;br&gt;[[File:Roj emblem.svg|20px]] Osman Pasha Bedirkhan&lt;br&gt;[[File:Roj emblem.svg|20px]] Huseyin Kenan Bedirkhan
}}
| commander2        = {{Unbulleted list
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} '''[[Abdul Hamid II]]'''
|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Ibrahim Edhem Pasha|Ibrahim Pasha]]}}
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Ahmed Hamdi Pasha|Hamdi Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Kurt İsmail Hakkı Pasha|İsmail Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Ahmed Muhtar Pasha|Muhtar Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Osman Nuri Pasha|Osman Pasha]]{{surrendered}}
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Mehmed Şakir Pasha|Şakir Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Süleyman Hüsnü Pasha|Süleyman Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Bozcaadalı Hasan Hüsnü Pasha|Hasan Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Hüseyin Hüsnü Pasha|Hüseyin Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Mehmed Ali Pasha (marshal)|Ali Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Augustus Charles Hobart-Hampden|Hobart Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Abdülkerim Nadir Pasha|Abdülkerim Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Ahmed Eyüb Pasha|Eyüb Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Deli Fuad Pasha|Fuad Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Mehmed Riza Pasha|Rıza Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Valentine Baker|Baker Pasha]]
|{{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} {{flagicon image|Flag of Adygea.svg}} [[Qerandiqo Berzeg|Giranduk Bey]]
 {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} {{flagdeco|Poland}} [[Józef Jagmin]]{{KIA}}
}}
| strength1         = {{plainlist|
* '''{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Russian Empire|Russia]]''':&lt;br /&gt;Initial: 185,000 in the Army of the Danube, 75,000 in the Caucasian Army&lt;ref&gt;Timothy C. Dowling. ''Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond''. 2 Volumes. ABC-CLIO, 2014. p. 748&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Total: 260,000 in four corps&lt;ref&gt;Menning B. W. ''Bayonets before Bullets: the Imperial Russian Army'', 1861–1914. Indiana University Press, 2000. P. 55. {{ISBN|0-253-21380-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Olender P. ''Russo-Turkish Naval War 1877–1878''. 2017. Stratus. p. 88. {{ISBN|978-83-65281-36-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{flagdeco|Kingdom of Romania}} [[United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia|Romania]]&lt;br /&gt; Around 114,000 in the Romanian army&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=ARMATA ROMANA IN RAZBOIUL DE INDEPENDENTA AL ROMANIEI (1877-1878)|url=http://www.actrus.ro/biblioteca/cursuri/istorie/babos_2/capitol_5.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427225311/http://www.actrus.ro/biblioteca/cursuri/istorie/babos_2/capitol_5.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2006-04-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
| strength2         = '''{{flag|Ottoman Empire}}''':&lt;br /&gt;Initial: 70,000 in the Caucasus&lt;br /&gt;Total: 281,000&lt;ref&gt;{{citation |last=Мерников |first=АГ |page=376 |year=2005 |place=Minsk |language=ru |script-title=ru:Спектор А. А. Всемирная история войн}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Spring of 1877&lt;br /&gt;Olender: 490,000–530,000&lt;br /&gt; Barry: 378,000
| casualties1       = {{plainlist|
'''Total''': '''96,733–111,166 dead'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Urlanis&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Urlanis|first=Boris C.|title=Войны и народонаселение Европы. Людские потери вооруженных сил европейских стран в войнах XVII–XX вв. (Историко-статистическое исследование) |trans-title= Wars and the population of Europe. Human losses of the armed forces of European countries in the wars of the 17th–20th centuries (Historical and statistical research)|language=ru |publisher={{ill|Соцэкгиз|ru}}|year=1960 |location=М. |pages=104–105, 129 § 4 |chapter=Войны в период домонополистического капитализма (Ч. 2) |author-link=Урланис Б. Ц|url=http://scepsis.net/library/id_2140.html#a161}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Larousse&quot;&gt;Büyük Larousse, cilt VII, s. 3282–3283, Milliyet Yayınları (1986)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;hr&gt;
* '''{{flagicon|Russian Empire|1858}} [[Russian Empire|Russia]]'''
** 15,567–30,000 killed&lt;ref name=&quot;Urlanis&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Larousse&quot;/&gt;
** 81,166 died of disease
** 56,652 wounded
** 1,713 died from wounds&lt;ref name=&quot;Urlanis&quot; /&gt;
* {{flagdeco|Kingdom of Romania}} [[United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia|Romania]]
** 4,302 killed and missing
** 3,316 wounded
** 19,904 sick&lt;ref&gt;Scafes, Cornel, et al., ''Armata Romania in Razvoiul de Independenta 1877–1878'' (The Romanian Army in the War of Independence 1877–1878). Bucuresti, Editura Sigma, 2002, p. 149 (Romence)&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Stiliana Paraskevova.svg}} [[Opalchentsi|Bulgarian Legion]]
** 2,456 killed and wounded&lt;ref name=&quot;scepsis.net&quot;&gt;{{cite book|first=Boris C. |last=Urlanis |title=Войны и народонаселение Европы, Часть II, Глава II |url=http://scepsis.net/library/id_2140.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** Several thousand total military deaths (mostly disease)
* {{flagdeco|Serbia|1835}} [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]] and {{flagicon image|Flag of Montenegro (1852–1905).svg}} [[Principality of Montenegro|Montenegro]]
** 2,400 dead and wounded&lt;ref name=&quot;scepsis.net&quot; /&gt;}}
| casualties2       = {{plainlist|
'''Total''': '''90,000–120,000 dead'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Мерников Спектор&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Мерников А. Г. |title=Всемирная история войн |last2=Спектор А. А. |publisher=Харвест |year=2005 |isbn=985-13-2607-0 |location=Мн.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;hr&gt;
* '''{{flag|Ottoman Empire}}'''
* 30,000 killed&lt;ref name=&quot;Мерников Спектор&quot;/&gt;
* 60,000–90,000&lt;ref name=&quot;Мерников Спектор&quot; /&gt; died from wounds and diseases
* 110,000 captured&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/turetskie-voennoplennye-1877-1878-gg-razmeschenie-soderzhanie-vzaimootnosheniya-s-naseleniem-rossiyskih-guberniy/viewer |title=Turkish prisoners of war 1877–1878: accommodation, keeping, relationships with the population of the Russian provinces |access-date=13 December 2020 |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414092052/https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/turetskie-voennoplennye-1877-1878-gg-razmeschenie-soderzhanie-vzaimootnosheniya-s-naseleniem-rossiyskih-guberniy/viewer }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| casualties3       = 500,000–1.5 million Muslim and Jewish civilians displaced&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_KttAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22Turks+were+massacred%22|title=The Middle East, Abstracts and Index|date=1999|publisher=Northumberland Press|page=493}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Karpat|first=Kemal|title=Ottoman Population|pages=72–75}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| campaignbox       = {{Campaignbox Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)}}
{{Campaignbox Great Eastern Crisis}}
{{Russo-Ottoman War Series}}
}}
'''Prang Rusia-Turuki''' {{Efn|{{langx|tr|93 Harbi|lit=War of '93}}, named for the year 1293 in the [[Islamic calendar]]; {{langx|ru|Русско-турецкая война|Russko-turetskaya voyna}}}} (1877-1878) nakeuh saboh komplik antara Keurajeuën Utsmaniyah ngon koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Keurajeuën [[Rusia]] nyang tamöng lam nyan nakeuh [[Rumania]], [[Sèrbia|Serbia]], ngon [[Monténègrô|Montenegro]]. Peunyebab nyang peuphon prang nyan nakeuh h'eut Rusia keu jireubot keulayi wilayah nyang ka gadoh bak masa Prang Krimea thôn 1853–1856, jipeudong keulayi keududukan jih di La'ôt Itam, ngon jidukông gerakan politik nyang meuhajat peubeubaih bansa-bansa Balkan dari [[Turuki Utsmani|Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah]]. Di Rumania, prang nyan geukheun Prang Rusia-Rumania-Turki (1877–1878) atawa Prang Keumeurdekaan Rumania (1877–1878).

Koalisi nyang jipimpin lé Rusia meunang lam prang nyan, jipeutalô ureuëng Usmaniyah sampoë trok u pintô Keuseutatinopel, nyang jeuët keu seubab campô tangan kuwasa-kuwasa rayek Éropa Barat. Akibatjih, Rusia meuhasé jireubôt provinsi-provinsi di Kaukasus, nakeuh Kars ngon Batum, dan jicok cit wilayah Budjak. Keu-adèpan Rumania, Serbia, ngon Montenegro, nyang maséng-maséng ka na kedaulatan de facto ka padum-padum thôn, sacara raseumi geupeunyata droe meurdéka nibak Keurajeuën Uthumaniyah. Lheueh rab limong abad di yub kuwasa Uthumaniyah (1396–1878), Bulgaria lahé seubagoe nanggroe otonom ngon dukôngan meunan cit campô tangan militè dari Rusia.

== Neukalön cit ==

* Pemberontakan Usman Pasha Bedirkhan
* Pembunuhan Batak
* Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-78)
* Peumbunuhan Harmanli
* Seujarah Balkan .
* Tugu keu Peubeubaih Tsar .
* Peumeurintah Rusia Seumentara di Bulgaria .
* Prang Meurdéhka Rumania
* Prang Rusia-Turki (1877-1878) urutan prang: Angkatan La'ôt Utsmaniyah
* &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwBgI&quot;&gt;Serbo-Rusia Buleuen Maret 2019&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
* Tugu Rusia di San Stefano
* ''Gambit Turki nyan .''
* ''Keu prang .''

== Nè ==</text>
      <sha1>4667n169h4l5zbjlvgl5yal2neo5k06</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:CountryData/cacheS</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33576</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157795</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:42:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'local CountryData = require('Module:CountryData') local pages = {'Cayman_Islands', 'Central_African_Republic', 'Djibouti', 'East_Timor', 'Guinea-Bissau', 'Kingdom_of_Great_Britain', 'Michigan', 'New_Jersey', 'Quebec', 'Russian_Empire', 'Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis', 'Solomon_Islands'} local p = {     data = {} } local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()  for _,v in ipairs(pages) do     p.data[v] = CountryData.gettable(frame, v, {}) end  return p'</comment>
      <origin>157795</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="436" sha1="etmx7e567kccf09md1yxy80lwyb1gy2" xml:space="preserve">local CountryData = require('Module:CountryData')
local pages = {'Cayman_Islands', 'Central_African_Republic', 'Djibouti', 'East_Timor', 'Guinea-Bissau', 'Kingdom_of_Great_Britain', 'Michigan', 'New_Jersey', 'Quebec', 'Russian_Empire', 'Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis', 'Solomon_Islands'}
local p = {
    data = {}
}
local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()

for _,v in ipairs(pages) do
    p.data[v] = CountryData.gettable(frame, v, {})
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>etmx7e567kccf09md1yxy80lwyb1gy2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:CountryData</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33577</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157796</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:46:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë 'local p = {} local mostUsed = mw.loadData('Module:CountryData/summary')  local function getcontents(frame,country,params)   return frame:expandTemplate({title=&quot;Country data &quot;..country;args=params}) end  function p.getcachedtable(frame, country, params) 	country = mostUsed.redirects[country] or country 	if params and next(params) then return p.gettable(frame, country, params) end 	-- Uses mw.loadData to cache data for the most-used templates 	if mostUsed.pages[...'</comment>
      <origin>157796</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="2330" sha1="cceq9gf8ovsa0t1xy826rbloh46yv3o" xml:space="preserve">local p = {}
local mostUsed = mw.loadData('Module:CountryData/summary')

local function getcontents(frame,country,params)
  return frame:expandTemplate({title=&quot;Country data &quot;..country;args=params})
end

function p.getcachedtable(frame, country, params)
	country = mostUsed.redirects[country] or country
	if params and next(params) then return p.gettable(frame, country, params) end
	-- Uses mw.loadData to cache data for the most-used templates
	if mostUsed.pages[country] then
		local cache = mw.loadData('Module:CountryData/cache' .. mostUsed.pages[country])
		if cache.data[country] then return cache.data[country] end
	end
	-- if not in cache
	return p.gettable(frame, country, params)
end

function p.gettable(frame,country,params)
--Returns the parameters of a country data template as a Lua table
  --If not a valid data template, return empty table
  local bool, s = pcall(getcontents,frame,country,params or {})
  if bool and (string.find(s,&quot;^%{%{ *%{%{%{1&quot;) or string.find(s,&quot;^%{%{safesubst: *%{%{%{1&quot;))
  then
    --Replace parameter delimiters with arbitrary control characters
    --to avoid clashes if param values contain equals/pipe signs
    s = string.gsub(s,&quot;|([^|=]-)=&quot;,&quot;\1\1%1\2&quot;)
    s = string.gsub(s,&quot;}}%s*$&quot;,&quot;\1&quot;)
    --Loop over string and add params to table
    local part = {}
    for par in string.gmatch(s,&quot;\1[^\1\2]-\2[^\1\2]-\1&quot;) do
      local k = string.match(par,&quot;\1%s*(.-)%s*\2&quot;)
      local v = string.match(par,&quot;\2%s*(.-)%s*\1&quot;)
      if v and not (v==&quot;&quot; and string.find(k,&quot;^flag alias&quot;)) then
        part[k] = v
      end
    end
    return part
  else
  	return {}
  end
end

function p.getalias(frame)
--Returns a single parameter value from a data template
  local part = p.gettable(frame,frame.args[1])
  if frame.args.variant
    then return tostring(part[frame.args[2]..&quot;-&quot;..frame.args.variant]
                         or part[frame.args[2]] or frame.args.def)
    else return tostring(part[frame.args[2]] or frame.args.def)
  end
end

function p.gettemplate(frame)
--For testing, recreates the country data from the created Lua table
  --Get data table
  local data = p.gettable(frame,frame.args[1])
  --Concatenate fields into a template-like string
  local out = &quot;{{ {{{1}}}&quot;
  for k,v in pairs(data) do
    out = out..&quot;\n| &quot;..k..&quot; = &quot;..v
  end
  return out..&quot;\n}}&quot;
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>cceq9gf8ovsa0t1xy826rbloh46yv3o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:CountryData/doc</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>33578</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157797</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:46:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{Module rating|protected}} {{High-use}} This module has three functions to extract data from [[:Category:Country data templates|country data templates]] (which are used for most [[WP:WPFT|flag templates]]).  === gettable === Extracts all parameters from a data template and returns them as a Lua table. This function is only usable from other Lua modules; invoke it using &lt;code&gt;require('Module:CountryData').gettable(''parameters'')&lt;/code&gt;.  The first parameter i...'</comment>
      <origin>157797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3158" sha1="lpev0q4fn5ufv1cx32rdzc1ymgjx4rj" xml:space="preserve">{{Module rating|protected}}
{{High-use}}
This module has three functions to extract data from [[:Category:Country data templates|country data templates]] (which are used for most [[WP:WPFT|flag templates]]).

=== gettable ===
Extracts all parameters from a data template and returns them as a Lua table. This function is only usable from other Lua modules; invoke it using &lt;code&gt;require('Module:CountryData').gettable(''parameters'')&lt;/code&gt;.

The first parameter is the &lt;code&gt;frame&lt;/code&gt; of the invoking module; the second is the country or other entity to get the data of. The optional third parameter is a table of parameters to pass into the data template; this may, for example, include {{para|age}} or {{para|mw}}, which are used in the values of some sports alias parameters. E.g.,
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Lua&quot;&gt;local data = require('Module:CountryData').gettable(frame,&quot;France&quot;,{age=&quot;20&quot;,mw=&quot;men's&quot;})&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The function returns an empty table if a data template does not exist or does not conform to the [[WP:WPFT#Basic country data template structure|standard structure]].

=== getalias ===
If used from wikicode, this function returns the value of a single field in a data template. The first parameter is the country or other entity whose data to return; the second is the name of the field. For example, &lt;code&gt;{{((}}#invoke:CountryData|getalias|France|flag alias{{))}}&lt;/code&gt; &amp;rarr; {{#invoke:CountryData|getalias|France|flag alias}}. The other parameters are {{para|variant}} to return a variant parameter value, with fallback to the main field value if the variant does not exist, and {{para|def}} for the fallback output if the wanted data template or field does not exist, the default for which is a literal &quot;nil&quot;.

Note: This is likely not quicker than wikicode-only alternatives such as {{tl|getalias}} and {{tl|getalias2}}, because it transcludes the data template from Lua and converts it to a Lua table using the above function, picks the wanted parameter name, and returns it to wikicode, whereas other templates perform two simple non-Lua transclusions to get, in most cases, the same result. The Lua version does have the advantage that using it with a non-existing country data template returns &quot;nil&quot; (or the value of {{para|def}}) rather than a redlink to the data template. See a comparison of the four at [[User:SiBr4/Flagg tests#Lua-based getalias|User:SiBr&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/Flagg tests#Lua-based getalias]].

=== gettemplate ===
This function concatenates the fields of a data template into a string similar to what you get when transcluding it directly. It can be compared with a direct transclusion to test if a template is being converted to Lua correctly:
&lt;pre&gt;
{{#tag:pre|{{Country data France}}}}
{{#tag:pre|{{#invoke:CountryData|gettemplate|France}}}}
&lt;/pre&gt;
gives
{{#tag:pre|{{Country data France}}}}
{{#tag:pre|{{#invoke:CountryData|gettemplate|France}}}}

Note that, like with all Lua tables, the order of entries is not preserved, so the parameters are mixed up.

&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other | |
[[Category:Flag template system]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Module documentation pages]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>lpev0q4fn5ufv1cx32rdzc1ymgjx4rj</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Tree list</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33579</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157798</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:48:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Tree list/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- --&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;treeview&quot;&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; &lt;/div&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;'</comment>
      <origin>157798</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="124" sha1="71bvast8rpckwcf0vpy9d52jfo6mn1r" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Tree list/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;treeview&quot;&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Seunaleuëk:Tree list/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>33580</id>
    <revision>
      <id>157799</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-21T08:49:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tinta Emas Historia Network</username>
        <id>33174</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Geupeugöt laman ngön asoë '{{doc subpage}} {{High-use}} {{When on basepage|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Tree list/styles.css}}}} {{redirect-distinguish|Template:Tree diagram|Template:Tree chart}} This family of templates  can be used to create a properly structured and accessible tree. This can be used to display family trees, succession to thrones, etc. They comprise: {{Tree list}} * {{tl|Tree list}}/&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''Tree list/start'''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; ** {{tl|Tree list/end}}...'</comment>
      <origin>157799</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14087" sha1="8bkfiwqrf77676hg2mga2lens4oc3hf" xml:space="preserve">{{doc subpage}}
{{High-use}}
{{When on basepage|{{Uses TemplateStyles|Template:Tree list/styles.css}}}}
{{redirect-distinguish|Template:Tree diagram|Template:Tree chart}}
This family of templates  can be used to create a properly structured and accessible tree. This can be used to display family trees, succession to thrones, etc. They comprise:
{{Tree list}}
* {{tl|Tree list}}/&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''Tree list/start'''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
** {{tl|Tree list/end}}
** {{tl|Tree list/branching}}
{{Tree list/end}}

== Syntax ==
=== Start and finish of the tree ===
The tree must include a start and finish, using the templates {{tl|Tree list}} and {{tl|Tree list/end}} respectively. The tree is essentially a series of nested lists built with the asterisk *.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Tree list}}
* Here goes the content of the tree using asterisks.
{{Tree list/end}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== The branches of the tree ===
Each branch of the tree is built using nested lists:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Tree list}}
* A first level branch
** A second level branch
*** A third level branch
{{Tree list/end}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
produces
{{Tree list}}
* A first level branch
** A second level branch
*** A third level branch
{{Tree list/end}}

=== Unlabelled branches ===
An unlabelled branch may be formed by using the {{tl|Tree list/branching}} template.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;{{Tree list}}
* A first level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** A third level branch
*** Another third level branch
*** The final third level branch
** A second level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}                 &lt;!--- This branch ends the second level ---&gt;
*** A third level branch
*** The final third level branch
{{Tree list/end}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
produces the following:
{{Tree list}}
* A first level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** A third level branch
*** Another third level branch
*** The final third level branch
** A second level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** A third level branch
*** The final third level branch
{{Tree list/end}}

==Collapse==
To collapse a tree, place {{tlx|Hidden begin}} before {{tlx|Tree list}} and enclose {{tlx|Tree list/end}} with  {{tlx|Hidden end}} (however, see [[MOS:DONTHIDE]] before hiding content in articles). {{tlx|Hidden begin}} defaults to just a &quot;show&quot; link on the right, but it takes a number of parameters; see the template's documentation. In this case:
* {{para|border|1px #aaa solid}}{{snd}}A solid border around the tree
* {{para|title|Demonstration tree}}{{snd}}A suitable name for the tree
* {{para|ta1|center}}{{snd}}Center the title= name 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{hidden begin|border=1px #aaa solid|title=Demonstration tree|ta1=center}}
{{Tree list}}
* A first level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** A third level branch
*** Another third level branch
*** The final third level branch
** A second level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}                 &lt;!--- This branch ends the second level ---&gt;
*** A third level branch
*** The final third level branch
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Hidden end}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|ta1=center||title=Demonstration tree}}
{{Tree list}}
* A first level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** A third level branch
*** Another third level branch
*** The final third level branch
** A second level branch
** {{Tree list/branching}}                 &lt;!--- This branch ends the second level ---&gt;
*** A third level branch
*** The final third level branch
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Hidden end}}

If the parameter &lt;code&gt;|expanded=on&lt;/code&gt; is added to {{tlx|hidden begin}}, then the box will be drawn expanded rather than the default, which is to collapse the tree.

== Examples  ==
===A family tree ===
{{see also|Wikipedia:Family trees}}
'''Code:'''
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|title=A family tree (descendants of Henry VII of England)|ta1=center|expanded=on}}
{{Tree list}}
*[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(1)''' [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] (1457–1509)
**[[Arthur, Prince of Wales]] (1486–1502)
**[[Margaret Tudor|Margaret, Queen of Scots]] (1489–1541)
***[[James, Duke of Rothesay]] (1507–1508)
***[[Arthur, Duke of Rothesay]] (1509–1510)
***[[Image:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[James V of Scotland]] (1512–1542)
****[[Image:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] (1542–1587)
*****[[Image:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(7)''' [[James VI and I|James VI of Scotland and I of England]] (1566–1625)
******''From whom succeeding English, Scottish and British monarchs are descended.''
***[[Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross]] (1514–1515)
***[[Margaret Douglas|Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox]] (1515–1578)
**[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(2)''' [[Henry VIII of England]] (1491–1547)
***[[Henry, Duke of Cornwall]] (1511–1511)
***[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(5)''' [[Mary I of England]] (1516–1558)
***[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(6)''' [[Elizabeth I of England]] (1533–1603)
***[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(3)''' [[Edward VI of England]]
**[[Elizabeth Tudor (daughter of Henry VII)|Elizabeth Tudor]] (1492–1495)
**[[Mary Tudor (queen consort of France)|Mary, Queen of France]] (1496–1533)
***Henry Brandon (1516–1522)
***[[Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk]] (1517–1547)
****[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(4)''' [[Lady Jane Grey]] (1536–1553)
****[[Lady Catherine Grey|Catherine Seymour, Countess of Hertford]] (1540–1568)
****[[Lady Mary Grey|Lady Mary Keyes]] (1545–1578)
****Elizabeth Stokes (1555–1556)
***[[Eleanor Clifford, Countess of Cumberland]] (1519–1547)
****''From whom are descended the [[Earl of Derby|Earls of Derby]]''
***[[Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln]] (1523–1534)
**[[Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset]] (1499–1500) 
**[[Katherine Tudor (1503)|Katherine Tudor]] (1503–1503)
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

which gives:
{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|title=A family tree (descendants of Henry VII of England) |ta1=center|expanded=on}}
{{Tree list}}
*[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(1)''' [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] (1457–1509)
**[[Arthur, Prince of Wales]] (1486–1502)
**[[Margaret Tudor|Margaret, Queen of Scots]] (1489–1541)
***[[James, Duke of Rothesay]] (1507–1508)
***[[Arthur, Duke of Rothesay]] (1509–1510)
***[[Image:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[James V of Scotland]] (1512–1542)
****[[Image:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] (1542–1587)
*****[[Image:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(7)''' [[James VI and I|James VI of Scotland and I of England]] (1566–1625)
******''From whom succeeding English, Scottish and British monarchs are descended.''
***[[Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross]] (1514–1515)
***[[Margaret Douglas|Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox]] (1515–1578)
**[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(2)''' [[Henry VIII of England]] (1491–1547)
***[[Henry, Duke of Cornwall]] (1511–1511)
***[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(5)''' [[Mary I of England]] (1516–1558)
***[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(6)''' [[Elizabeth I of England]] (1533–1603)
***[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(3)''' [[Edward VI of England]]
**[[Elizabeth Tudor (daughter of Henry VII)|Elizabeth Tudor]] (1492–1495)
**[[Mary Tudor (queen consort of France)|Mary, Queen of France]] (1496–1533)
***Henry Brandon (1516–1522)
***[[Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk]] (1517–1547)
****[[Image:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''(4)''' [[Lady Jane Grey]] (1536–1553)
****[[Lady Catherine Grey|Catherine Seymour, Countess of Hertford]] (1540–1568)
****[[Lady Mary Grey|Lady Mary Keyes]] (1545–1578)
****Elizabeth Stokes (1555–1556)
***[[Eleanor Clifford, Countess of Cumberland]] (1519–1547)
****''From whom are descended the [[Earl of Derby|Earls of Derby]]''
***[[Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln]] (1523–1534)
**[[Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset]] (1499–1500) 
**[[Katherine Tudor (1503)|Katherine Tudor]] (1503–1503)
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}

===An ancestry tree===
[[Ahnentafel]] style trees can be can be displayed using this template, but usually for fewer than six generations the customised {{tlx|ahnentafel}} templates are clearer (see [[Template:Ahnentafel/doc]]). There is also an ahnentafel template {{Tlx|Ahnentafel-tree}}, that is based on this one, that makes construction of this tree simpler.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|title=Ancestry tree of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge|ta1=center|expanded=on}}
{{Tree list}}
*1. '''[[William, Prince of Wales]]''' (born 21 June 1982)
**2. [[Charles III|Charles III of the United Kingdom]] (born 14 November 1948)
***4. [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark]] (10 June 1921 – 9 April 2021)
****8. [[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]] (20 January 1882 – 3 December 1944)
****9. [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]] (25 February 1885 – 5 December 1969)
***5. [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom]] (21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022)
****10. [[George VI|George VI of the United Kingdom]] (14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952)
****11. [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]] (4 August 1900 – 30 March 2002)
**3. [[Diana, Princess of Wales|Lady Diana Spencer]]  (1 July 1961 – 31 August 1997)
***6. [[John Spencer, 8th Earl Spencer]] (21 April 1926 – 29 March 1992)
****12. [[Albert Spencer, 7th Earl Spencer]] (23 May 1892 – 9 June 1975)
****13. [[Cynthia Spencer, Countess Spencer|Lady Cynthia Hamilton]]  (16 August 1897 – 4 December 1972)
***7. [[Frances Shand Kydd|The Honourable Frances Roche]] (20 January 1936 – 3 June 2004)
****14. [[Maurice Roche, 4th Baron Fermoy]] (15 May 1885 – 8 July 1955)
****15. [[Ruth Roche, Baroness Fermoy|Ruth Gill]] (2 October 1908 – 6 July 1993)
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|title=Ancestry tree of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge|ta1=center|expanded=on}}
{{Tree list}}
*1. '''[[William, Prince of Wales]]''' (born 21 June 1982)
**2. [[Charles III|Charles III of the United Kingdom]] (born 14 November 1948)
***4. [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark]] (10 June 1921 – 9 April 2021)
****8. [[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]] (20 January 1882 – 3 December 1944)
****9. [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]] (25 February 1885 – 5 December 1969)
***5. [[Elizabeth II|Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom]] (21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022)
****10. [[George VI|George VI of the United Kingdom]] (14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952)
****11. [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]] (4 August 1900 – 30 March 2002)
**3. [[Diana, Princess of Wales|Lady Diana Spencer]]  (1 July 1961 – 31 August 1997)
***6. [[John Spencer, 8th Earl Spencer]] (21 April 1926 – 29 March 1992)
****12. [[Albert Spencer, 7th Earl Spencer]]  (23 May 1892 – 9 June 1975)
****13. [[Cynthia Spencer, Countess Spencer|Lady Cynthia Hamilton]]  (16 August 1897 – 4 December 1972)
***7. [[Frances Shand Kydd|The Honourable Frances Roche]] (20 January 1936 – 3 June 2004)
****14. [[Maurice Roche, 4th Baron Fermoy]] (15 May 1885 – 8 July 1955)
****15. [[Ruth Roche, Baroness Fermoy|Ruth Gill]] (2 October 1908 – 6 July 1993)
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}

=== A cladogram ===
{{tlx|Clade}} should be preferred, {{tlx|cladogram}} provides boxed cladograms, and {{tlx|cladex}} has extended cladogram parameters. Ask [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Tree of Life/Cladogram requests|WikiProject Tree of Life/Cladogram requests]] for assistance.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|title=A cladogram|ta1=center|expanded=on}}
{{Tree list}}
*[[Tetrapoda]]
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** Many extinct groups such as the ''[[Eucritta]]''
*** '''[[Lissamphibia]]''' Whose ancestors of the current amphibians
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** Many extinct groups reminiscent of amphibians with more or less pronounced reptilian characteristics such as [[Eoherpetontidae]], the [[Embolomeri]], the [[Tokosauridae]], [[Chroniosuchidae]], [[Gephyrostegidae]], [[Solenodonsauridae]], [[Seymouriamorpha]], [[Westlothiana]], [[Lepospondyli]]
*** [[Cotylosauria]]
**** [[Amniota]], Originally all &quot;Reptilian&quot;
**** Other extinct sibling taxa like [[Diadectomorpha]] or [[Tseajaiidae]] are close enough to reptiles
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{hidden begin|border=1px  #aaa solid|title=A cladogram|ta1=center|expanded=on}}
{{Tree list}}
*[[Tetrapoda]]
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** Many extinct groups such as the ''[[Eucritta]]''
*** '''[[Lissamphibia]]''' Whose ancestors of the current amphibians
** {{Tree list/branching}}
*** Many extinct groups reminiscent of amphibians with more or less pronounced reptilian characteristics such as [[Eoherpetontidae]], the [[Embolomeri]], the [[Tokosauridae]], [[Chroniosuchidae]], [[Gephyrostegidae]], [[Solenodonsauridae]], [[Seymouriamorpha]], [[Westlothiana]], [[Lepospondyli]]
*** [[Cotylosauria]]
**** [[Amniota]], Originally all &quot;Reptilian&quot;
**** Other extinct sibling taxa like [[Diadectomorpha]] or [[Tseajaiidae]] are close enough to reptiles
{{Tree list/end}}
{{hidden end}}

==See also==
* [[Wikipedia:Family trees]]
* {{Tlx|Chart}}—This template produces one row in a &quot;family tree&quot;-like chart consisting of boxes and connecting lines 
* {{Tlx|Ahnentafel}}—This template takes genealogical data in the form of an [[ahnentafel]] and presents it as a graphical ancestry tree 
* {{Tlx|ahnentafel-tree}} uses {{tlx|Tree list}} and will handle up to an ahnentafel of 511 places (9 generations), but will also display as little as one generation.
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{Sandbox other||
[[Category:List formatting and function templates]]
[[Category:Genealogy formatting templates]]
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
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