ውክፔዲያ amwiki https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%8B%E1%8A%93%E1%8B%8D_%E1%8C%88%E1%8C%BD MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.15 first-letter ፋይል ልዩ ውይይት አባል አባል ውይይት ውክፔዲያ ውክፔዲያ ውይይት ስዕል ስዕል ውይይት መልዕክት መልዕክት ውይይት መለጠፊያ መለጠፊያ ውይይት እርዳታ እርዳታ ውይይት መደብ መደብ ውይይት በር በር ውይይት TimedText TimedText talk ሞጁል ሞጁል ውይይት Event Event talk 0 10799 394762 390966 2026-08-15T16:37:47Z ~2026-44904-87 60132 /* የአሜሪካ ፕሬዚዳንት ከ2001 እ.ኤ.አ. እስካሁን፦ */ 394762 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ስዕል:Seal Of The President Of The United States Of America.svg|thumb|270px|የአሜሪካ ፕሬዚዳንት ማኅተም]] '''የ[[አሜሪካ]] [[ፕሬዚዳንት]]''' ከአሜሪካ [[መንግሥት]] 3ቱ ቅርንጫፎች (ሕግ አውጪው፣ አስፈጻሚው፣ ችሎታዊው) መሀል የ2ኛው ወይም የአስፈጻሚው ቅርንጫፍ ዋና ባለሥልጣን ናቸው። # [[ጆርጅ ዋሽንግተን]] # [[ቶማስ ጄፈርሰን]] # [[አብርሀም ሊንከን]] == የአሜሪካ ፕሬዚዳንት ዝርዝር ከ[[1929 እ.ኤ.አ.]] እስከ [[2001 እ.ኤ.አ.]]፦ == {{ዋና|የአሜሪካ ፕሬዝዳንቶች ዝርዝር}} # [[ሄርበርት ሁቨር]] - 1929-1933 እ.ኤ.አ. # [[ፍራንክሊን ሮዘቨልት]] - 1933-1945 እ.ኤ.አ. #* (ፍራንክሊን ሮዘቨልት 4 ጊዜ ተመርጠው ከሁሉ የረዘመ ዘመን ነበራቸው። ከዚህ ቀጥሎ በሕዝቡ ድምጽ ብዛት፣ ማንም ፕሬዚዳንት ከ2 ጊዜ በላይ እንዳይመረጥ [[የአሜሪካ ሕገ መንግሥት 22ኛ ማሻሻያ አንቀጽ]] ጸና።) # [[ሃሪ ትሩመን]] (1945-1953 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ድዋይት አይዘንሃወር]] (1953-1961 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ጆን ኤፍ ኬኔዲ]] (1961-1963 እ.ኤ.አ.) #* (ኬኔዲ አንድ ሙሉ ዘመን ሳይጨርስ ተገደለና ሊንደን ጆንሶን ዘመኑን የጨረሰው ነበር።) # [[ሊንደን ጆንሰን]] (1963-1969 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ሪቻርድ ኒክሰን]] (1969-1974 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ጄራልድ ፎርድ]] (1974-1977 እ.ኤ.አ.) #* (ጄራልድ ፎርድ መቸም አልተመረጠም። ፕሬዚዳንት የሆነ በምርጫ ሳይሆን፣ ኒክሰን ማዕረጉን ስለ ተወ ነበር።) # [[ጂሚ ካርተር]] (1977-1981 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ሮናልድ ሬገን]] (1981-1989 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ጆርጅ ኤች ቡሽ]] (1989-1993 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ቢል ክሊንተን]] (1993-2001 እ.ኤ.አ.) == የአሜሪካ ፕሬዚዳንት ከ2001 እ.ኤ.አ. እስካሁ until 2025ን፦ == # [[ጆርጅ ደብሊዩ ቡሽ]] (2001 እ.ኤ.አ.-2009 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ባራክ ኦባማ]] (2009 እ.ኤ.አ.- 2017 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ዶናልድ ጆን ትራምፕ]] (2017 እ.ኤ.አ.- 2021 እ.ኤ.አ.) # [[ጆ ባይድን]] (2021 እ.ኤ.አ. - 2025 እ.ኤ.አ.) == ይዩ == * [[የአሜሪካ ፕሬዝዳንቶች ዝርዝር]] * [[የአሜሪካ ሊበራሪያን ፓርቲ]] [[መደብ:የአሜሪካ መሪዎች|*]] oh8o2abvdvdbea24vd0h37vyxrquadg 0 18767 394766 387623 2026-08-15T17:28:56Z ~2026-44904-87 60132 394766 wikitext text/x-wiki በዚህ ዝርዝር ውስጥ የተካተቱት [[የአሜሪካ ፕሬዝዳንት|የአሜሪካ ፕሬዝዳንቶች]] [[የካቲት ፳፯]] ቀን [[1781|፲፯፻፹፩]] ዓመተ ምሕረት ( [[እ.አ.አ.]] በ[[ማርች]] 4፣ 1789) በወጣው የ[[አሜሪካ]] [[ሕገ መንግሥት]] መሠረት ሀገሪቱን መምራት የቻሉ ፕሬዝዳንቶች ብቻ ናቸው። ከዚህ እወጃ በፊት ያሉትን ለማየት ይዩ <ref>[http://www.harrold.org/rfhextra/PresidentsForgotten.html {{Wayback|url=http://www.harrold.org/rfhextra/PresidentsForgotten.html |date=20190205190727 }}</ref>። {| class="wikitable" |- ! ቅደም ተከተል !! ፕሬዝዳንት !! ስም (አማርኛ) !! ስም (እንግሊዝኛ) !! ሥልጣን የወጡበት ዓመት (እ.አ.አ.) !! ሥልጣን የለቀቁበት ዓመት (እ.አ.አ.) !! ፓርቲ !! ምክትል ፕሬዝዳንት |- | 1 || [[ስዕል:Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg|170x170px]] || [[ጆርጅ ዋሽንግተን]] || George Washington || 1789 || 1797 || የለውም || [[ጆን አዳምስ]] |- | 2 || [[ስዕል:John Adams Portrait.jpg|176x176px]] || [[ጆን አዳምስ]] || John Adams || 1797 || 1801 || [[ፌዴራሊስት]]|| [[ቶማስ ጃፈርሰን]] |- | 3 || [[ስዕል:Thomas Jefferson 3x4.jpg|186x186px]] || [[ቶማስ ጄፈርሰን]] || Thomas Jefferson || 1801 || 1809 || [[ዴሞክራቲክ - ሪፐብሊካን]]|| [[ኤሮን በር]] [[ጆርጅ ክሊንተን]] |- | 4 || [[ስዕል:James Madison(cropped).jpg|160x160px]]|| [[ጄምስ ማዲሰን]] || James Madison || 1809 || 1817 || ዴሞክራቲክ - ሪፐብሊካን || [[ጆርጅ ክሊንተን]]፣ [[ኤልብሪጅ ጄሪ]] እና ክፍተት |- | 5 || [[ስዕል:James Monroe White House portrait 1819.jpg|168x168px]]|| [[ጄምስ ሞንሮ]] || James Monroe || 1817 || 1825 || ዴሞክራቲክ - ሪፐብሊካን || [[ዳኒኤል ድ ቶምፕኪንስ]] |- | 6 || [[ስዕል:John Quincy Adams.jpg|171x171px]] || [[ጆን ኩይንሲ አዳምስ]] || John Quincy Adams || 1825 || 1829 || ዴሞክራቲክ - ሪፐብሊካን [[ናሽናል ሪፐብሊካን]]|| [[ጆን ሲ ካልሁን]] |- | 7 || [[ስዕል:Andrew Jackson.jpg|170x170px]] || [[አንድሪው ጃክሰን]] || Andrew Jackson || 1829 || 1837 || [[ዴሞክራቲክ]] || [[ጆን ሲ ካልሆውን]]፣ ክፍተት በመጨረሻም [[ማርቲን ቫንቡረን]] |- | 8 || [[ስዕል:MartinVanBuren.png|163x163px]] || [[ማርቲን ቫንቡረን]] || Martin Van Buren || 1837 || 1841 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ሪቻርድ ሜንቶር ጆንሰን]] |- | 9 || [[ስዕል:William Henry Harrison crop.jpg|176x176px]]|| [[ዊሊያም ሄንሪ ሀሪሰን]] || William Henry Harrison || 1841 || 1841 || [[ዊግ]]|| [[ጆን ታይለር]] |- | 10 || [[ስዕል:Tyler Daguerreotype crop (restoration).jpg|181x181px]]|| [[ጆን ታይለር]] || John Tyler || 1841 || 1845 || መጀመሪያ የዊግ በኋላ የለውም || ክፍተት |- | 11 || [[ስዕል:Polkpolk.jpg|187x187px]] || [[ጄምስ ፖልክ]] || James K. Polk || 1845 || 1849 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ጆርጅ ኤም ዳላስ]] |- | 12 || [[ስዕል:Zachary Taylor portrait.jpg|180x180px]]|| [[ዛከሪ ቴለር]] || Zachary Taylor || 1849 || 1850 || ዊግ || [[ሚላርድ ፊልሞር]] |- | 13 || [[ስዕል:Millard Fillmore -13th president of the United States.jpg|187x187px]] || [[ሚላርድ ፊልሞር]] || Millard Fillmore || 1850 || 1853 || ዊግ || ክፍተት |- | 14 || [[ስዕል:Franklin Pierce by George Peter Alexander Healy (detail), 1853 - DSC03240.JPG|186x186px]]|| [[ፍራንክሊን ፒርስ]] || Franklin Pierce || 1853 || 1857 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ዊሊያም አር ኪንግ]] በኋላ ክፍተት |- | 15 || [[ስዕል:JamesBuchanan_crop.jpg|178x178px]] || [[ጄምስ ቡካነን]] || James Buchanan || 1857 || 1861 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ጆን ሲ ብሬኪንሪጅ]] |- | 16 || [[ስዕል:Abrahamlincoln.jpg|140x140px]]|| [[አብርሀም ሊንከን]] || Abraham Lincoln || 1861 || 1865 || [[ሪፐብሊካን ናሽናል ዩኒዬን]] || [[ሃኒባል ሃምሊን]] እና [[አንድሪው ጆንሰን]] |- | 17 || [[ስዕል:Andrew Johnson photo portrait head and shoulders, c1870-1880-Edit1.jpg|180x180px]] || [[አንድሪው ጆንሰን]] || Andrew Johnson || 1865 || 1869 || በመጀመሪያ የ[[ዴሞክራቲክ ናሽናል ዩኒዬን]] በኋላ የ[[ናሽናል ዩኒዬን]] በመጨረሻ የለውም || ክፍተት |- | 18 || [[ስዕል:Ulysses S. Grant 1870-1880.jpg|186x186px]] || [[ዩሊሲስ ግራንት]] || Ulysses S. Grant || 1869 || 1877 || [[ሪፐብሊካን]] || [[ሄንሪ ዊልሰን]] በኋላ ክፍተት |- | 19 || [[ስዕል:President Rutherford Hayes 1870 - 1880 Restored.jpg|170x170px]] || [[ራዘርፎርድ ሄይስ]] || Rutherford B. Hayes || 1877 || 1881 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ዊሊያም ዊለር]] |- | 20 || [[ስዕል:James Abram Garfield, photo portrait seated.jpg|178x178px]] || [[ጄምስ ጋርፊልድ]] || James A. Garfield || 1881 || 1881 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ቸስተር አርተር]] |- | 21 || [[ስዕል:Chester Alan Arthur.jpg|163x163px]] || [[ቼስተር አርተር]] || Chester A. Arthur || 1881 || 1885 || ሪፐብሊካን || ክፍተት |- | 22 || [[ስዕል:President Grover Cleveland.jpg|208x208px]] || [[ግሮቨር ክሊቭላንድ]] || Grover Cleveland || 1885 || 1889 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ቶማስ ሄንድሪክስ]] በኋላ ክፍተት |- | 23 || [[ስዕል:Pach Brothers - Benjamin Harrison.jpg|200x200px]] || [[ቤንጃሚን ሃሪሰን]] || Benjamin Harrison || 1889 || 1893 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ሊቫይ ሞርተን]] |- | 24 || [[ስዕል:President Grover Cleveland.jpg|208x208px]] || [[ግሮቨር ክሊቭላንድ]] || Grover Cleveland || 1893 || 1897 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[አድላይ ስቲቨንሰን]] |- | 25 || [[ስዕል:Mckinley.jpg|173x173px]]|| [[ዊልያም ማኪንሌይ]] || William McKinley || 1897 || 1901 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ጋሬት ሆባርት]] ክፍተት በኋላ [[ቴዮዶር ሮዝቬልት]] |- | 26 || [[ስዕል:T Roosevelt.jpg|176x176px]] || [[ቴዮዶር ሮዝቬልት]] || Theodore Roosevelt || 1901 || 1909 || ሪፐብሊካን || ክፍተት በኋላ [[ቻርልስ ፌርባንክስ]] |- | 27 || [[ስዕል:William Howard Taft.jpg|182x182px]] || [[ዊልያም ሃወርድ ታፍት]] || William Howard Taft || 1909 || 1913 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ጄምስ ሼርማን]] በኋላ ክፍተት |- | 28 || [[ስዕል:Woodrow Wilson (1912).jpg|171x171px]] || [[ውድሮው ዊልሰን]] || Woodrow Wilson || 1913 || 1921 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ቶማስ ማርሻል]] |- | 29 || [[ስዕል:Warren G Harding portrait as senator June 1920.jpg|186x186px]] || [[ዋረን ሃርዲንግ]] || Warren G. Harding || 1921 || 1923 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ካልቪን ኩሊጅ]] |- | 30 || [[ስዕል:Calvin Coolidge.jpg|155x155px]]|| [[ካልቪን ኩሊጅ]] || Calvin Coolidge || 1923 || 1929 || ሪፐብሊካን || ክፍተት በኋላ[[ቻርልስ ዳውዝ]] |- | 31 || [[ስዕል:President Hoover portrait.jpg|186x186px]]|| [[ሄርበርት ሁቨር]] || Herbert Hoover || 1929 || 1933 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ቻርልስ ከርቲስ]] |- | 32 || [[ስዕል:Vincenzo Laviosa - Franklin D. Roosevelt - Google Art Project.jpg|175x175px]]|| [[ፍራንክሊን ሮዘቨልት]] || Franklin D. Roosevelt || 1933 || 1945 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ጆን ጋርነር]]፤ [[ሄንሪ ዋላስ]] እና [[ሃሪ ትሩማን]] |- | 33 || [[ስዕል:Truman 58-767-05-resized.jpg|177x177px]]|| [[ሃሪ ትሩማን]] || Harry S. Truman || 1945 || 1953 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[አልበን ባርክሊ]] |- | 34 || [[ስዕል:Dwight D. Eisenhower, White House photo portrait, February 1959.jpg|169x169px]]|| [[ድዋይት አይዘንሃወር]] || Dwight D. Eisenhower || 1953 || 1961 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ሪቻርድ ኒክሰን]] |- | 35 || [[ስዕል:John F Kennedy.jpg|169x169px]]|| [[ጆን ኤፍ ኬኔዲ]] || John F. Kennedy || 1961 || 1963 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ሊንደን ጆንሰን]] |- | 36 || [[ስዕል:37 Lyndon Johnson 3x4.jpg|186x186px]] || [[ሊንደን ጆንሰን]] || Lyndon B. Johnson || 1963 || 1969 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ሂዩበርት ሃምፍሪ]] |- | 37 || [[ስዕል:Richard Nixon presidential portrait.jpg|169x169px]]|| [[ሪቻርድ ኒክሰን]] || Richard Nixon || 1969 || 1974 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ስፓይሮ አግኒው]] እና [[ጄራልድ ፎርድ]] |- | 38 || [[ስዕል:Official Portrait of President Gerald R. Ford (1974) (A0381-600).jpg|207x207px]]|| [[ጄራልድ ፎርድ]] || Gerald Ford || 1974 || 1977 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ኔልሰን ሮክፌለር]] |- | 39 || [[ስዕል:Jimmy Carter (cropped).jpg|181x181px]]|| [[ጂሚ ካርተር]] || Jimmy Carter || 1977 || 1981 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ዎልተር ሞንዴል]] |- | 40 || [[ስዕል:Ronald Reagan 1985 presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|178x178px]]|| [[ሮናልድ ሬገን]] || Ronald Reagan || 1981 || 1989 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ጆርጅ ኤች ቡሽ]] |- | 41 || [[ስዕል:George_H._W._Bush_presidential_portrait_(cropped).jpg|184x184px]] || [[ጆርጅ ኤች ቡሽ]] || George H. W. Bush || 1989 || 1993 || ሪፐብሊካን || [[ዳን ክዌይል]] |- | 42 || [[ስዕል:Bill Clinton.jpg|183x183px]] || [[ቢል ክሊንተን]] || Bill Clinton || 1993 || 2001 || ዴሞክራቲክ || [[አልፍሬድ (አል) ጎር]] |- | 43 || [[ስዕል:George-W-Bush.jpeg|185x185px]] || [[ጆርጅ ደብሊዩ ቡሽ]]|| George W. Bush || 2001 || 2009 || [[ሪፐብሊካን]] || [[ሪቻርድ (ዲክ) ቼይኒ]] |- | 44 || [[ስዕል:BarackObama2005portrait (1).jpg|187x187px]]|| [[ባራክ ኦባማ]] || Barack Obama || 2009 || 2017 || [[ዴሞክራቲክ]] || [[ጆሴፍ ባይደን]] |- | 45 || [[ስዕል:Donald Trump August 19, 2015 (cropped).jpg|186x186px]]||[[ዶናልድ ትራምፕ]] || Donald Trump || 2017 ||2021|| [[ሪፐብሊካን]] || [[ማይከል ፐንስ]] |- | 46 || [[ስዕል:Joe Biden February 2020 crop.jpg|186x186px]]||[[ጆ ባይድን]] || || 2019 ||2025|| ዴሞክራቲክ || [[ካመለ ሃሪስ]] |- | 47 || || || || || || || |- | 48 || || || || || || || |} == ይዩ == * [[የአሜሪካ ፕሬዝዳንት]] * [[ዴሞክራቲክ ፓርቲ (አሜሪካ)]] * [[ሪፐብሊካን ፓርቲ (አሜሪካ)]] == ማጣቀሻ == <references/> [[መደብ:የአሜሪካ መሪዎች]] [[መደብ:የመሪ ዝርዝሮች]] [[he:נשיא ארצות הברית#רשימת הנשיאים]] etqw8fuuuodx8hxd5qocvx9bmf5xpzg 0 54141 394771 394712 2026-08-16T01:51:52Z InternetArchiveBot 35471 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 394771 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ስዕል:Bibliometrics definition.svg|thumb|426x426px]] '''የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ''' (የመረጃ ጥናቶች በመባልም ይታወቃል) በዋነኛነት በመተንተን፣ በመሰብሰብ፣ በመመደብ፣ በማታለል፣ በማከማቸት፣ በማንሳት፣ በመንቀሳቀስ፣ በማሰራጨት እና በ[[የመረጃ ኅብረተሠብ|መረጃ]] ጥበቃ ላይ የሚያተኩር የ[[ትምህርት]] መስክ ነው።[1] በመስክ ውስጥ እና ከውጪ ያሉ ባለሙያዎች የመረጃ ስርአቶችን የመፍጠር፣ የመተካት፣ የማሻሻል ወይም የመረዳት አላማ በሰዎች፣ በድርጅቶች እና በማናቸውም ነባር የመረጃ ስርዓቶች መካከል ካለው መስተጋብር በተጨማሪ በድርጅቶች ውስጥ የ[[እውቀት]] አተገባበር እና አጠቃቀም ያጠናል። ከታሪክ አኳያ [[የመረጃ ሳይንስ]] (ኢንፎርማቲክስ) ከ[[ኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ]]፣ ከዳታ ሳይንስ፣ ከ[[ሥነ-ልቦና|ሥነ ልቦና፣]] ከ[[ቴክኖዎሎጂ|ቴክኖሎጂ]]፣ ከቤተመፃህፍት ሳይንስ፣ ከጤና አጠባበቅ እና ከስለላ ኤጀንሲዎች ጋር የተያያዘ ነው።[2] ሆኖም፣ የመረጃ ሳይንስ እንደ አርኪቫል ሳይንስ፣ የግንዛቤ ሳይንስ፣ [[ንግድ]]፣ [[ህግ]]፣ የቋንቋ ሳይንስ፣ ሙዚዮሎጂ፣ አስተዳደር፣ [[ሂሳብ]]፣ [[ፍልስፍና]]፣ የህዝብ ፖሊሲ ​​እና ማህበራዊ ሳይንሶች ያሉ የተለያዩ ዘርፎችን ያካትታል። == መሠረቶች == '''ወሰን እና ቅርብ''' የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ችግሮችን ከሚመለከታቸው ባለድርሻ አካላት አንፃር በመረዳት መረጃን እና ሌሎች ቴክኖሎጂዎችን እንደ አስፈላጊነቱ በመተግበር ላይ ያተኩራል። በሌላ አገላለጽ፣ በዚያ ሥርዓት ውስጥ ካሉ የ[[ቴክኖሎጂ]] ክፍሎች ይልቅ በመጀመሪያ የስርዓት ችግሮችን ይፈታል ማለት ነው። በዚህ ረገድ አንድ ሰው የመረጃ ሳይንስን ለቴክኖሎጂ ቆራጥነት ምላሽ አድርጎ ማየት ይችላል, ቴክኖሎጂ "በራሱ ህጎች ያድጋል, የራሱን እምቅ ችሎታ የሚገነዘበው, በሚገኙ ቁሳዊ ሀብቶች እና በገንቢዎቹ ፈጠራ ብቻ የተገደበ ነው. ስለዚህ ሁሉንም ሌሎች የህብረተሰብ ስርአቶችን የሚቆጣጠር እና የሚያሰራጭ ራሱን የቻለ ስርዓት ተደርጎ ይወሰድ።"[3] '''ፍቺዎች''' የመጀመሪያው የታወቀው "የመረጃ ሳይንስ" ቃል አጠቃቀም በ1955 ነበር።[4] የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ቀደምት ፍቺ (ወደ 1968 የአሜሪካ ሰነድ ኢንስቲትዩት እራሱን የአሜሪካ የመረጃ ሳይንስ እና ቴክኖሎጂ ማህበር ብሎ የሰየመበት አመት) እንዲህ ይላል። "የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ የመረጃ ባህሪ እና ባህሪን ፣ የመረጃ ፍሰትን የሚቆጣጠሩ ሀይሎችን እና የመረጃ አያያዝ ዘዴዎችን ለተመቻቸ ተደራሽነት እና አጠቃቀም የሚመረምር ዲሲፕሊን ነው ። አመጣጡን ፣ አሰባሰብን በሚመለከት የእውቀት አካልን ይመለከታል። አደረጃጀት፣ ማከማቻ፣ ሰርስሮ ማውጣት፣ አተረጓጎም፣ ማስተላለፍ፣ መለወጥ እና መረጃን መጠቀም ይህ በተፈጥሮም ሆነ በአርቴፊሻል ሲስተም ውስጥ ያሉ የመረጃ ውክልናዎች ትክክለኛነት፣ የተቀላጠፈ መልእክት ለማስተላለፍ ኮዶችን መጠቀም እና የመረጃ ማቀነባበሪያ መሳሪያዎችን እና ቴክኒኮችን ማጥናትን ያጠቃልላል። እንደ ኮምፒውተር እና የፕሮግራም አወጣጥ ስርዓታቸው፡ ከሂሳብ፣ ከሎጂክ፣ ከቋንቋ፣ ከስነ ልቦና፣ ከኮምፒዩተር ቴክኖሎጂ፣ ከኦፕሬሽን ምርምር፣ ከግራፊክ ጥበብ፣ ከግንኙነት፣ ከማኔጅመንት እና ከሌሎች ተመሳሳይ ዘርፎች የተገኘ እና ተያያዥነት ያለው ኢንተርዲሲፕሊናዊ ሳይንስ ነው። አፕሊኬሽኑን ሳይመለከት ጉዳዩን የሚጠይቅ ንጹህ የሳይንስ ክፍል እና አገልግሎቶችን እና ምርቶችን የሚያዳብር ተግባራዊ ሳይንስ አካል። (ቦርኮ 1968፣ ገጽ 3) [5] '''የመረጃ ፍልስፍና''' የመረጃ ፍልስፍና በ[[ስነ-ልቦና]]፣ በ[[ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ]]፣ በኢንፎርሜሽን ቴክኖሎጂ እና በ[[ፍልስፍና]] መገናኛ ላይ የሚነሱ ፅንሰ-ሀሳባዊ ጉዳዮችን ያጠናል። ተለዋዋጭ ሁኔታዎችን ፣ አጠቃቀሙን እና ሳይንሶችን እንዲሁም የመረጃ-ንድፈ-ሀሳባዊ እና ስሌት ዘዴዎችን በፍልስፍና ችግሮቹ ላይ ማብራራት እና መተግበርን ጨምሮ የፅንሰ-ሀሳባዊ ተፈጥሮ እና የመረጃ መሰረታዊ መርሆችን መመርመርን ያጠቃልላል።[10] == ሙያዎች == '''የመረጃ ሳይንቲስት''' የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንቲስት ግለሰብ ነው፣ ብዙውን ጊዜ ተዛማጅነት ያለው የትምህርት አይነት ዲግሪ ወይም ከፍተኛ የትምህርት ደረጃ ያለው፣ በኢንዱስትሪ ውስጥ ላሉ ሳይንሳዊ እና ቴክኒካል ምርምር ሰራተኞች ወይም መምህራንን እና ተማሪዎችን በአካዳሚ ትምህርት የሚሰጥ መረጃ የሚሰጥ ነው። የኢንደስትሪው *የመረጃ ስፔሻሊስት/ሳይንቲስት* እና የአካዳሚክ መረጃ ርዕሰ ጉዳይ ስፔሻሊስት/ላይብረሪያን በአጠቃላይ ተመሳሳይ የርእሰ-ጉዳይ ዳራ ስልጠና አላቸው፣ነገር ግን የአካዳሚክ ቦታ ያዡ ሁለተኛ ዲግሪ (MLS/MI/MA in IS, e.g.) እንዲይዝ ይጠበቅበታል። ከርዕሰ ጉዳይ ማስተር በተጨማሪ በመረጃ እና በቤተመጻሕፍት ጥናቶች። ርዕሱ በኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ላይ ምርምር የሚያደርግ ግለሰብንም ይመለከታል። '''የስርዓት ተንታኝ''' የስርዓት ተንታኝ ለአንድ የተወሰነ ፍላጎት የመረጃ ስርዓቶችን በመፍጠር፣ በመንደፍ እና በማሻሻል ላይ ይሰራል። ብዙ ጊዜ የስርዓት ተንታኞች በድርጅቱ (ዎች) ውስጥ ቅልጥፍናን እና [[ምርታማነት]]ን ለማሻሻል ድርጅታዊ ሂደቶችን እና መረጃን የማግኘት ቴክኒኮችን ለመገምገም እና ለመተግበር ከአንድ ወይም ከዚያ በላይ ከሆኑ ንግዶች ጋር ይሰራሉ። '''የመረጃ ባለሙያ''' የመረጃ ባለሙያ ማለት መረጃን የሚጠብቅ፣ የሚያደራጅ እና የሚያሰራጭ ግለሰብ ነው። የመረጃ ባለሙያዎች የተቀዳ እውቀትን በማደራጀት እና በማንሳት የተካኑ ናቸው። በተለምዶ ሥራቸው ከሕትመት ዕቃዎች ጋር ነው, ነገር ግን እነዚህ ችሎታዎች በኤሌክትሮኒክስ, ምስላዊ, ኦዲዮ እና ዲጂታል ቁሳቁሶች እየጨመሩ መጥተዋል. የመረጃ ባለሙያዎች በተለያዩ የህዝብ፣ የግል፣ ለትርፍ ያልተቋቋሙ እና የትምህርት ተቋማት ውስጥ ይሰራሉ። የመረጃ ባለሙያዎችም በድርጅታዊ እና በኢንዱስትሪ ሁኔታዎች ውስጥ ሊገኙ ይችላሉ. የስርዓት ንድፍ እና ልማት እና የስርዓት ትንተና የሚያካትቱ ሚናዎችን ማከናወን። == ታሪክ == '''ቀደምት ጅምር''' የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ መረጃን መሰብሰብ፣ መመደብ፣ ማጭበርበር፣ ማከማቻ፣ ሰርስሮ ማውጣት እና ማሰራጨት በማጥናት የሰው ልጅ የ[[እውቀት]] ክምችት ውስጥ ነው። የመረጃ ትንተና የተካሄደው ቢያንስ በአሦር ኢምፓየር ዘመን ባሁኑ ጊዜ [[ቤተ መጻሕፍት]] እና መዛግብት በመባል የሚታወቁት የ[[ባህል]] ማስቀመጫዎች ብቅ እያሉ ነው።[14] በተቋም ደረጃ የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ በ19ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ከሌሎች በርካታ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ዘርፎች ጋር ብቅ አለ። እንደ ሳይንስ ግን በሳይንስ [[ታሪክ]] ውስጥ ተቋማዊ ሥረ መሰረቱን ያገኘው በ1665 በሮያል ሶሳይቲ ([[ለንደን|ሎንዶን]]) የ[[ፍልስፍና]] ግብይቶች የመጀመሪያ እትሞችን ባጠቃላይ እንደ መጀመሪያው ሳይንሳዊ መጽሔት ከታተመ ጀምሮ ነው። የሳይንስ ተቋማዊነት በ [[18ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት|18 ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን]] ውስጥ ተከስቷል. እ.ኤ.አ. በ1731 [[ቤንጃሚን ፍራንክሊን]] በሕዝባዊ ዜጎች ቡድን ባለቤትነት የተያዘውን የ[[ፊላዴልፊያ]] ላይብረሪ ካምፓኒ አቋቋመ፣ እሱም በፍጥነት ከመጻሕፍት ግዛት አልፎ የሳይንሳዊ ሙከራ ማዕከል የሆነው እና የህዝብ ሳይንሳዊ ሙከራዎችን ያቀረበ።[15] ] ቤንጃሚን ፍራንክሊን በ[[ማሣቹሰትስ|ማሳቹሴትስ]] ከተማ ለሁሉም በነጻ እንዲገኝ ድምጽ የሰጠችውን የመፅሃፍ ስብስብ በ[[ማሣቹሰትስ|ማሳቹሴትስ]] ላይ ኢንቨስት አድርጓል።[16] አካዳሚ ደ ቺሩርጊያ ([[ፓሪስ]]) በ1736 የመጀመሪያው የ[[ሕክምና]] መጽሔት ተብሎ የሚታሰበውን Memoires pour les Chirurgiens አሳተመ። በሮያል ሶሳይቲ ([[ለንደን|ሎንዶን]]) ላይ የተቀረጸው የ[[አሜሪካ]] የፍልስፍና ማህበር በ1743 በ[[ፊላዴልፊያ|ፊላደልፊያ]] ተቋቋመ። እንደ ሌሎች በርካታ ሳይንሳዊ መጽሔቶች እና ማህበረሰቦች ተመስርተው፣ አሎይስ ሴኔፌልደር በ1796 በ[[ጀርመን]] ውስጥ በጅምላ ማተሚያ ስራ ላይ የሚውል የሊቶግራፊን ፅንሰ-ሀሳብ አዳብረዋል። == ማህበራዊ ሚዲያ በሰዎች እና በኢንዱስትሪ ላይ የሚያሳድረው ተጽዕኖ == የማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ኔትወርኮች ብዙ ጊዜ ወይም ባህላዊ የመረጃ ስርጭት መዳረሻ ላላቸው ሰዎች ክፍት የመረጃ አካባቢን ይሰጣሉ፣ "[26] የማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ውህደት እንደ የመዳረሻ ነጥብ ለተጠቃሚዎች እና አቅራቢዎች በጣም ጠቃሚ እና ሁለገብ ጠቃሚ መሳሪያ ነው። ሁሉም ዋና ዋና የዜና አቅራቢዎች ታይነት እና እንደ [[ፌስቡክ]] እና [[ትዊተር]] ባሉ አውታረ መረቦች በኩል የተመልካቾችን ስፋት ከፍ በማድረግ የመድረሻ ነጥብ አላቸው። በማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ሰዎች መረጃን በሚያውቁት ሰዎች ይመራሉ ወይም ይሰጣሉ። "በ...ይዘት ላይ ማጋራት፣ ላይክ እና አስተያየት የመስጠት" [28] መቻል ተደራሽነቱን ከባህላዊ ዘዴዎች የበለጠ እና ሰፊ ያደርገዋል። ሰዎች ከመረጃ ጋር መገናኘት ይወዳሉ፣ የሚያውቋቸውን ሰዎች በእውቀት ክበባቸው ውስጥ ማካተት ያስደስታቸዋል። በማህበራዊ ሚዲያ ማጋራት በጣም ተደማጭነት ስላለው አሳታሚዎች ስኬታማ ለመሆን ከፈለጉ "በጥሩ መጫወት" አለባቸው። ምንም እንኳን ሁለቱንም የተጠቃሚ መሰረት ተሞክሮዎች ለማሻሻል ብዙ ጊዜ ለአሳታሚዎች እና ፌስቡክ "አዲስ ይዘትን ማጋራት፣ ማስተዋወቅ እና ይፋ ማድረግ"[28] በጋራ ይጠቅማል። የብዙዎች አስተያየት ተጽእኖ ሊታሰብ በማይቻል መንገድ ሊሰራጭ ይችላል. ማህበራዊ ሚዲያ በቀላሉ ለመማር እና በመሳሪያዎች ተደራሽነት መስተጋብር ይፈቅዳል። ዎል ስትሪት ጆርናል በፌስቡክ በኩል መተግበሪያን ያቀርባል፣ እና ዋሽንግተን ፖስት አንድ እርምጃ ወደ ፊት ሄዶ በ6 ወራት ውስጥ በ19.5 ሚሊዮን ተጠቃሚዎች የወረደ ራሱን የቻለ ማህበራዊ መተግበሪያ ያቀርባል፣ መረጃ. == የምርምር ዘርፎች እና መተግበሪያዎች == የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ የሚመረምረው እና የሚያዳብርባቸው የሚከተሉት ዘርፎች ናቸው። '''የመረጃ ተደራሽነት''' የመረጃ ተደራሽነት የኢንፎርማቲክስ፣ የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ፣ የኢንፎርሜሽን ደህንነት፣ የቋንቋ ቴክኖሎጂ እና የ[[ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ]] መገናኛ ላይ የምርምር መስክ ነው። የመረጃ ተደራሽነት [[ጥናት]] ዓላማዎች ብዙ እና ያልተጠቀሙ መረጃዎችን በራስ ሰር ማቀናበር እና የተጠቃሚዎችን ተደራሽነት ቀላል ማድረግ ነው። መብቶችን ስለመስጠት እና ያልተፈቀዱ ተጠቃሚዎችን መዳረሻ ስለመገደብስ? የተደራሽነት መጠን ለመረጃው በተሰጠው የማረጋገጫ ደረጃ መገለጽ አለበት። ተፈፃሚነት ያላቸው ቴክኖሎጂዎች መረጃን ማግኘት፣ የጽሑፍ ማዕድን ማውጣት፣ የጽሑፍ ማረም፣ የማሽን ትርጉም እና የጽሑፍ ምድብ ያካትታሉ። በውይይት ውስጥ፣ የመረጃ ተደራሽነት ብዙውን ጊዜ የነጻ እና የተዘጋ ወይም የህዝብ የመረጃ ተደራሽነት መድንን በሚመለከት ይገለጻል እና በቅጂ መብት፣ በፓተንት [[ሕግ|ህግ]] እና በህዝባዊ አገልግሎት ላይ በሚደረጉ ውይይቶች ይነሳል። የህዝብ ቤተ መፃህፍት የመረጃ ማረጋገጫ [[እውቀት]]ን ለመስጠት ግብዓቶችን ይፈልጋሉ። '''መረጃ መፈለግ''' መረጃ መፈለግ በ[[ሰው]] እና በ[[ቴክኖዎሎጂ|ቴክኖሎጂ]] ሁኔታዎች ውስጥ መረጃን ለማግኘት የመሞከር ሂደት ወይም እንቅስቃሴ ነው። መረጃ መፈለግ ከመረጃ ማግኛ (IR) ጋር የተያያዘ ነው ነገር ግን የተለየ ነው። ብዙ የቤተ-መጻህፍት እና የመረጃ ሳይንስ (LIS) ምርምር በተለያዩ የሙያ ስራዎች መስክ ውስጥ ባሉ ባለሙያዎች መረጃ ፍለጋ ልምዶች ላይ ያተኮረ ነው. የቤተ-መጻህፍት ባለሙያዎች፣[35] ምሁራን፣[36] የህክምና ባለሙያዎች፣ [37] መሐንዲሶች [38] እና ጠበቆች [39] (ሌሎችም መካከል) መረጃ የመፈለግ ባህሪ ላይ ጥናቶች ተካሂደዋል። አብዛኛው ይህ ጥናት በሌኪ፣ ፔትግሪው (አሁን ፊሸር) እና ሲልቫን በ1996 የኤልአይኤስን ስነ-ጽሁፍ (እንዲሁም የሌሎች አካዳሚያዊ መስኮች ስነ-ጽሁፍ) የባለሙያዎችን መረጃ በመፈለግ ላይ ሰፊ ግምገማ ባደረጉት ስራ ላይ ተወስዷል። '''የእውቀት ውክልና እና ምክንያታዊነት''' የእውቀት ውክልና (KR) እውቀትን በምልክቶች ውስጥ ለመወከል የታለመ የሰው ሰራሽ ኢንተለጀንስ ጥናት አካባቢ ሲሆን ከእነዚህ የ[[እውቀት]] ክፍሎች መረዳትን ለማመቻቸት እና አዳዲስ የእውቀት ክፍሎችን መፍጠር። KR ከስር የእውቀት ሞዴል ወይም የእውቀት መሰረት ስርዓት (KBS) እንደ የትርጉም አውታረመረብ ነጻ እንዲሆን ማድረግ ይቻላል።[42]የ[[እውቀት]] ውክልና (KR) ምርምር እንዴት በትክክል እና በትክክል ማመዛዘን እንደሚቻል እና በእውቀት ጎራ ውስጥ ያሉ የእውነታዎችን ስብስብ ለመወከል የምልክት ስብስቦችን እንዴት መጠቀም እንደሚቻል ላይ ትንተናን ያካትታል። የምልክት መዝገበ ቃላት እና የአመክንዮ ስርዓት አንድ ላይ ተጣምረው በKR ውስጥ ስላሉት ንጥረ ነገሮች ግምቶችን ለማስቻል አዲስ የKR ዓረፍተ ነገሮችን ለመፍጠር። አመክንዮ የማመዛዘን ተግባራት በKR ስርዓት ውስጥ ባሉ ምልክቶች ላይ እንዴት መተግበር እንዳለባቸው መደበኛ ትርጓሜዎችን ለማቅረብ ይጠቅማል። አመክንዮ ኦፕሬተሮች እንዴት እውቀቱን እንደሚያስኬዱ እና እንደሚያሻሽሉ ለመግለጽ ጥቅም ላይ ይውላል። የኦፕሬተሮች እና ኦፕሬሽኖች ምሳሌዎች፣ አሉታዊነት፣ ትስስር፣ ተውላጠ-ቃላት፣ ቅጽሎች፣ ኳንቲፊየሮች እና ሞዳል ኦፕሬተሮችን ያካትታሉ። [[ስነ አምክንዮ|አመክንዮ]]ው የትርጓሜ ቲዎሪ ነው። እነዚህ ንጥረ ነገሮች-ምልክቶች፣ ኦፕሬተሮች እና የትርጓሜ ፅንሰ-ሀሳብ በKR ውስጥ የምልክቶችን ቅደም ተከተል የሚሰጡ ናቸው። == ዋቢዎች == # Stock, W.G., & Stock, M. (2013) https://books.google.com/books?id=d1PnBQAAQBAJ&q=%22information+science%22 Berlin, Boston, MA: De Gruyter Saur. # Yan, Xue-Shan (2011-07-23) https://doi.org/10.3390%2Finfo2030510 ''Information''. '''2''' (3): 510–527. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Finfo2030510 # https://web.archive.org/web/20111112233108/http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/TECHNO_DETER.html Principia Cibernetica Web. Archived from http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/Techno_deter.html {{Wayback|url=http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASC/Techno_deter.html |date=20111112233108 }} on 2011-11-12. Retrieved 2011-11-28. # https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/information%20science ''www.merriam-webster.com''. Archived from the original on 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2017-09-25. # Borko, H. (1968). Information science: What is it? ''American Documentation'' 19(1), 3¬5. # Luciano Floridi, http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/pci/downloads/introduction.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/pci/downloads/introduction.pdf |date=20121009171740 }} 2012-03-16 at the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine ''Metaphilosophy'', 2002, (33), 1/2 # Garshol, L. M. (2004)https://web.archive.org/web/20081017174807/http://www.ontopia.net/topicmaps/materials/tm-vs-thesauri.html#N773 ''Archived from'' http://www.ontopia.net/topicmaps/materials/tm-vs-thesauri.html#N773 ''on 17 October 2008. Retrieved 13 October 2008.'' # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Gruber (June 1993). http://tomgruber.org/writing/ontolingua-kaj-1993.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Acquisition'''5''' (2): 199–220 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier) https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.101.7493 from the original on 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2012-04-29. # Arvidsson, F.; Flycht-Eriksson, A.https://web.archive.org/web/20081217030507/http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf |date=20081217030507 }}{{Wayback|url=http://www.ida.liu.se/~janma/SemWeb/Slides/ontologies1.pdf 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'''16''' (4): 187–193. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fci60008a001 == ምንጮች == * Borko, H. (1968)."የመረጃ ሳይንስ: ምንድን ነው?". የአሜሪካ ሰነድ. ዊሊ. 19 (1)፡ 3–5.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.5090190103 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0096-946X * Leckie, Gloria J.; Pettigrew, Karen E.; Sylvain, Christian (1996).https://semanticscholar.org/paper/4a6306d8d099966ffde9f3a0e4d11272727be601''Library Quarterly''. '''66''' (2): 161–193.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1086%2F602864 * Wark, McKenzie (1997). ''The Virtual Republic''. Allen & Unwin, St Leonards * Wilkinson, Margaret A (2001). "ችግርን ለመፍታት በጠበቆች የሚጠቀሙባቸው የመረጃ ምንጮች፡ ተጨባጭ ዳሰሳ". ''Library & Information Science Research''. '''23''' (3): 257–276 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0740-8188%2801%2900082-2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:59067811 == ተጨማሪ ንባብ == * Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi (2005-03-22). የመረጃ ሳይንስ እና ቴክኖሎጂ ኢንሳይክሎፔዲያ. የሃሳብ ቡድን ማጣቀሻ. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59140-553-5 == ውጫዊ አገናኞች == * https://www.asist.org/ "በኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ ልምምድ እና በምርምር መካከል ያለውን ልዩነት የሚያጠናቅቅ የባለሙያ ማህበር። ASIS & T አባላት የኢንፎርሜሽን ሳይንስ፣ ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ፣ ሊንጉስቲክስ፣ አስተዳደር፣ ላይብረሪያንሺፕ፣ ምህንድስና፣ የውሂብ ሳይንስ፣ የመረጃ አርክቴክቸር፣ ህግ፣ ህክምና፣ ኬሚስትሪ፣ ትምህርት እና ተዛማጅ ጉዳዮችን ይወክላሉ። ቴክኖሎጂ". * https://www.ischools.org/ * http://www.success.co.il/is/index.html * http://jis.sagepub.com/ * http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20120521123701/http://www.mesc.usgs.gov/ISB/Science.asp * https://web.archive.org/web/20110319220648/http://www.twu.edu/library/Nitecki/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20110319220648/http://www.twu.edu/library/Nitecki/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20110221054829/http://gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/bates/articles/Berkeley.html * http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/istchron/ISCNET/ISCHRON.HTM {{Wayback|url=http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/istchron/ISCNET/ISCHRON.HTM |date=20110514235219 }} * https://web.archive.org/web/20140605070024/http://libres.curtin.edu.au/ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_decision-making pcagc2e87im26al1p3nolnfdyfhf1ml 0 55860 394759 2026-08-15T16:27:34Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:ja:Special:Redirect/revision/104422531|Template:Infobox Single]]" 394759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{አጠቃቀም|Parameter name=ቅርጸት|ክርክር=ቅርጸት {{Infobox Single | Name = | Artist = | Album = | A-side = | B-side = | Released = | Format = | Recorded = | Genre = | Length = <!-- በየደቂቃው --> | Label = | Writer = | Lyricist = <!-- የግጥም ደራሲውና አቀናባሪው አንድ አይነት ሰው ከሆኑ ችላ ተብሏል። --> | Composer = <!-- የግጥም ደራሲውና 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style="width:33%; padding:.2em .1em .2em 0; text-align: center;" {{!}} {{#if:{{{zadnji_singl_naslov|{{{prethodni_singl_naslov|}}}}}}|"{{{zadnji_singl_naslov|{{{prethodni_singl_naslov}}}}}}"{{#if:({{{zadnji_singl_godina|{{{prethodni_singl_godina|}}}}}}|<br />({{{zadnji_singl_godina|{{{prethodni_singl_godina|}}}}}})}}|{{{zadnji_singl|{{{prethodni_singl|}}}}}} }} {{!}} style="width:33%; padding:.2em .1em; text-align: center;" {{!}} {{#if:{{{ovaj_singl|}}}|{{{ovaj_singl}}}|{{#if:{{{ime|{{PAGENAME}} }}}|"'''{{{ime|{{PAGENAME}} }}}'''"}}}} {{!}} style="width:33%; padding:.2em 0 .2em .1em; text-align: center;" {{!}} {{#if:{{{sljedeći_singl_naslov|}}}|"{{{sljedeći_singl_naslov}}}"{{#if:({{{sljedeći_singl_godina|}}}|<br />({{{sljedeći_singl_godina|}}})}}|{{{sljedeći_singl|}}} }} {{!)}} }} | ispod = {{#if:{{{misc|{{{dodatno|}}}}}}|<nowiki /> {{(!}} style="width:100%; background: transparent; text-align: center; line-height: 1.4em; vertical-align: top" {{{misc|{{{dodatno}}}}}} {{!)}} }} }}<noinclude> {{dokumentacija}} </noinclude> a1h3ei6piduk2odb7wj25kq9988gnpz 394765 394764 2026-08-15T17:27:30Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* */ 394765 wikitext text/x-wiki <pre> {{አልበም |የቋንቋ_ርዕስ = |አንድ_ጎን = |ቢ_ጎን = |የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት = |ስቱዲዮ = |መለያ = |ዘውግ = |ርዝመት = |ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር = |የዘፈን_ግጥሞች = |ቅንብር =や |ፕሮዲዩሰር = |ቀዳሚ_አልበም = |የሚቀጥለው አልበም = }} </pre> s9wyhuherqm39x2mvhqc7zpldpvgrhm 394767 394765 2026-08-15T17:35:40Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* */ 394767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{አልበም | የቋንቋ_ርዕስ | ቢ_ጎን | የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት | ስቱዲዮ | መለያ | ዘውግ | ርዝመት | ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር | የዘፈን_ግጥሞች | ቅንብር | የሚቀጥለው አልበም }} <pre> {{አልበም |የቋንቋ_ርዕስ = |አንድ_ጎን = |ቢ_ጎን = |የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት = |ስቱዲዮ = |መለያ = |ዘውግ = |ርዝመት = |ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር = |የዘፈን_ግጥሞች = |ቅንብር = |ፕሮዲዩሰር = |ቀዳሚ_አልበም = |የሚቀጥለው አልበም = }} </pre> pd6w2m65btevdt8ronqqxoajpysbmfz 394774 394767 2026-08-16T05:20:21Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* */ 394774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ካርድ |የሰውነት_ቅጥ = width:20em; |በላይ = {{ካርድ/ርዕስ| {{{ስም|}}}|from={{{from|}}}}} |ከፍተኛ_ቅጥ = background:khaki; |የራስጌ_ቅጥ = background:khaki; |ምስል = {{#if {{{ሽፋን|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{ሽፋን| Nocover.png}}}}}|Nocover.png|???=<imagemap> {{አልበም | የቋንቋ_ርዕስ | ቢ_ጎን | የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት | ስቱዲዮ | መለያ | ዘውግ | ርዝመት | ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር | የዘፈን_ግጥሞች | ቅንብር | የሚቀጥለው አልበም }} <pre> {{አልበም |የቋንቋ_ርዕስ = |አንድ_ጎን = |ቢ_ጎን = |የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት = |ስቱዲዮ = |መለያ = |ዘውግ = |ርዝመት = |ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር = |የዘፈን_ግጥሞች = |ቅንብር = |ፕሮዲዩሰር = |ቀዳሚ_አልበም = |የሚቀጥለው አልበም = }} </pre> 28unfhqhlgc1gmf0kd0kofh1c6sn4ny 394775 394774 2026-08-16T05:22:22Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* */ 394775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ካርድ |የሰውነት_ቅጥ = width:20em; |በላይ = {{ካርድ/ርዕስ| {{{ስም|}}}|from={{{from|}}}}} |ከፍተኛ_ቅጥ = background:khaki; |የራስጌ_ቅጥ = background:khaki; |ምስል = {{#if {{{ሽፋን|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{ሽፋን| Nocover.png}}}}}|Nocover.png|???=<imagemap> {{አልበም | የቋንቋ_ርዕስ | ቢ_ጎን | የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት | ስቱዲዮ | መለያ | ዘውግ | ርዝመት | ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር | የዘፈን_ግጥሞች | ቅንብር | የሚቀጥለው አልበም }} Image:Nocover.png|200px|ምንም ውርዶች የሉም ሽፋኖች default [[አብነት፡ የሙዚቃ አልበም/የሽፋን ጥበብ የለም|የሽፋን ጥበብን ለመጫን ጠቅ ያድርጉ]] desc none </imagemap> <pre> {{አልበም |የቋንቋ_ርዕስ = |አንድ_ጎን = |ቢ_ጎን = |የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት = |ስቱዲዮ = |መለያ = |ዘውግ = |ርዝመት = |ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር = |የዘፈን_ግጥሞች = |ቅንብር = |ፕሮዲዩሰር = |ቀዳሚ_አልበም = |የሚቀጥለው አልበም = }} </pre> d8pe17rd5qs75d95g0d1osphvksl0za 394776 394775 2026-08-16T05:28:29Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* */ 394776 wikitext text/x-wiki {{መረጃ ሳጥን |የሰውነት_ዘይቤ = width:20em; |ከላይ = {{መረጃ ሳጥን/ስም|{{{ስም|}}}|from={{{from|}}}}} |የከላይ_ዘይቤ = background:khaki; |የአርዕስት_ዘይቤ = background:khaki; |ምስል = {{#if:{{{ሽፋን|}}}|{{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{ሽፋን|Nocover.png}}}}}|Nocover.png|???=<imagemap> Image:Nocover.png|200px|የተሰቀለ የሙዚቃ ሽፋን የለም default [[መለጠፊያ:የሙዚቃ አልበም/ሽፋን የለም|ሽፋን ለመስቀል እዚህ ይጫኑ]] desc none </imagemap> |#default=[[ምስል:{{{ሽፋን}}}|{{#if:{{{መጠን|}}}|{{{መጠን}}}|200}}px|{{#ifeq:{{{ክፈፍ|}}}|አዎ|border}}|የ«{{{ስም}}}» ነጠላ ዜማ ሽፋን ({{#if:{{{አርቲስት|}}}|{{{wikidata|P175|{{{አርቲስት|}}}}}},&nbsp;}}{{{ዓመት}}})]] }}}} |አርዕስት1 = {{br separated entries | [[ነጠላ ዜማ]] {{wikidata|p175|{{{አርቲስት|}}}|from={{{from|}}}}} | {{እሴት ማረጋገጫ||{{{አልበም|}}}|{{{አልበሞች|}}} | ከአልበም {{ሰያፍ ወይም ጥቅስ|{{{አልበም|}}}}} | ከአልበሞች {{{አልበሞች|}}} }} }} |መለያ2 = [[ኤ-ጎን እና ቢ-ጎን|ኤ-ጎን (Side A)]] |ጽሑፍ2 = {{{ኤ-ጎን|}}} |መለያ3 = [[ኤ-ጎን እና ቢ-ጎን|ኤ-ጎን]] በአማርኛ |ጽሑፍ3 = {{{ኤ-ጎን በአማርኛ|}}} |መለያ4 = [[ኤ-ጎን እና ቢ-ጎን|ቢ-ጎን (Side B)]] |ጽሑф4 = {{{ቢ-ጎን|}}} |መለያ5 = [[ኤ-ጎን እና ቢ-ጎን|ቢ-ጎን]] በአማርኛ |ጽሑф5 = {{{ቢ-ጎን በአማርኛ|}}} |መለያ6 = የወጣበት ቀን |ጽሑፍ6 = {{{የወጣበት|}}} |ዊኪዳታ6 = p577 |መለያ7 = ቋንቋ |ጽሑፍ7 = {{{ቋንቋ|}}} |ዊኪዳታ7 = p407 |መለያ8 = ፎርማት |ጽሑፍ8 = {{{ፎርማት|}}} |ዊኪዳታ8 = p437 |መለያ9 = የተቀረፀበት ጊዜ |ጽሑፍ9 = {{{የተቀረፀበት|}}} |ዊኪዳታ9 = p571 |መለያ10 = [[የሙዚቃ ዘውጎች ዝርዝር|{{#if:{{{ዘውጎች|}}}|ዘውጎች|ዘውግ}}]] |ጽሑፍ10 = {{{ዘውጎች|{{{ዘውግ|}}}}}} |ዊኪዳታ10 = p136 |መለያ11 = [[አቀናባሪ]] |ጽሑፍ11 = {{{አቀናባሪ|}}} |ዊኪዳታ11 = p86 |መለያ12 = ርዝማኔ |ጽሑፍ12 = {{{ርዝማኔ|}}} |ዊኪዳታ12 = p2047 |መለያ13 = [[የሙዚቃ ስቱዲዮ|ሪከርድ ሌብል]] |ጽሑፍ13 = {{wikidata|p264|{{{ሌብል|}}}}} |መለያ14 = [[የሙዚቃ አዘጋጅ|{{#if:{{{አዘጋጆች|}}}|አዘጋጆች|አዘጋጅ}}]] |ጽሑፍ14 = {{{አዘጋጆች|{{{አዘጋጅ|}}}}}} |ዊኪዳታ14 = p162 |መለያ15 = {{#if:{{{የዜማ ደራሲያን|}}}|[[ደራሲ|የዜማ ደራሲያን]]|[[ደራሲ|የዜማ ደራሲ]]}} |ጽሑፍ15 = {{{የዜማ ደራሲያን|{{{የዜማ ደራሲ|}}}}}} |ዊኪዳታ15 = p676 |አርዕስት16 = {{#if:{{{ግምገማዎች|}}}|የባለሙያ ትችቶች}} |ጽሑፍ17 = <div style="text-align:left;width:100%"> {{{ግምገማዎች|}}}</div> |አርዕስት18 = {{#if:{{{ሰንጠረዦች|}}}|የሙዚቃ ሰንጠረዥ ደረጃዎች}} |ጽሑፍ19 = <div style="text-align:left;width:100%"> {{{ሰንጠረዦች|}}}</div> |አርዕስት20 = {{#if:{{{የቀደመ|}}}{{{የሚቀጥል|}}}|{{#if:{{{ታሪክ|}}}|{{{ታሪክ}}}፣ የነጠላ ዜማዎች ቅደም ተከተል|{{{አርቲስት}}}፣ የነጠላ ዜማዎች ቅደም ተከተል}}}} |ጽሑፍ21 = {{#if:{{{የቀደመ|}}}{{{የሚቀጥል|}}}|<table style="width:100%; font-size: smaller; background: transparent"> <tr> <td style="width: 33%; line-height: 1.25">{{#if:{{{የቀደመ|}}}|«{{{የቀደመ|}}}»{{#if:{{{የቀደመ_ዓመት|}}}|<br />([[{{{የቀደመ_ዓመት}}}]])}}}}</td> <td style="width: 33%; line-height: 1.25">'''«{{{ስም}}}»'''<br />({{#ifeq:{{#expr:{{{ዓመት}}}+1-1 round 0}}|{{{ዓመት}}}|[[{{{ዓመት}}}]]|{{{ዓመት}}}}})</td> <td style="width: 33%; line-height: 1.25">{{#if:{{{የሚቀጥል|}}}|«{{{የሚቀጥል|}}}»{{#if:{{{የሚቀጥል_ዓመት|}}}|<br />([[{{{የሚቀጥል_ዓመት}}}]])}}}}</td> </tr> </table>}} |ክፍል23 = infobox-table |ጽሑፍ23 = {{#if: {{{ሌላ|}}} | <table class="infobox-inherit"> {{{ሌላ|}}} </table> }} }}<includeonly>{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}{{{nocat|}}}||[[መдеብ:ነጠላ ዜማዎች በፊደል ቅደም ተከተል]] [[መደብ:ሙዚቃዎች በፊደል ቅደም ተከተል]]}}{{#if:{{{ሽፋን|}}}||[[መደብ:ሽፋን የሌላቸው የነጠላ ዜማ ጽሑፎች]]}}{{#if:{{{ዓመት|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{ዓመት}}}}}||[[መደብ:በ{{{ዓመት}}} የወጡ ነጠላ ዜማዎች]]}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{የሰነድ_ማብራሪያ}} [[መደብ:መለጠፊያዎች:መረጃ ሳጥን:ሙዚቃ|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> <pre> {{አልበም |የቋንቋ_ርዕስ = |አንድ_ጎን = |ቢ_ጎን = |የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት = |ስቱዲዮ = |መለያ = |ዘውግ = |ርዝመት = |ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር = |የዘፈን_ግጥሞች = |ቅንብር = |ፕሮዲዩሰር = |ቀዳሚ_አልበም = |የሚቀጥለው አልበም = }} </pre> islbf772h1ivcxyh0s3aqv6l2rjseld 394778 394776 2026-08-16T07:01:15Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* */ 394778 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> {{መረጃ ሳጥን |የሰውነት_ዘይቤ = width:20em; |ከላይ = {{{ርዕስ|}}} |የከላይ_ዘይቤ = background:#B0C4DE; |የአርዕስት_ዘይቤ = background:#B0C4DE; |ምስል = {{#if:{{{ሥዕል|}}}|[[ምስል:{{{ሥዕል}}}|200px]]}} |መለያ1 = ርዕስ በሌላ ቋንቋ |ጽሑፍ1 = {{{ርዕስ_በሌላ_ቋንቋ|}}} |መለያ2 = ክፍል(ኦች) |ጽሑፍ2 = {{{ክፍል|}}} |መለያ3 = የተለቀቀበት ዓመት |ጽሑፍ3 = {{{የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት|}}} |መለያ4 = ያዘጋጀው ድርጅት |ጽሑፍ4 = {{{ፊልሙን_ያዘጋጀው_ድርጅት|}}} |መለያ5 = ዳይሬክተር |ጽሑፍ5 = {{{ዳይሬክተር|}}} |መለያ6 = አዘጋጅ |ጽሑፍ6 = {{{አዘጋጅ|}}} |መለያ7 = ምክትል ዳይሬክተር |ጽሑፍ7 = {{{ምክትል_ዳይሬክተር|}}} |መለያ8 = ጸሐፊ |ጽሑፍ8 = {{{ጸሐፊ|{{{ደራሲ|}}}}}} |መለያ9 = ሙዚቃ |ጽሑፍ9 = {{{ሙዚቃ|}}} |መለያ10 = ኤዲተር |ጽሑፍ10 = {{{ኤዲተር|}}} |መለያ11 = ተዋንያን |ጽሑፍ11 = {{{ተዋናዮች|}}} |መለያ12 = የፊልሙ ርዝመት |ጽሑፍ12 = {{{የፊልሙ_ርዝመት|}}} |መለያ13 = ሀገር |ጽሑፍ13 = {{{ሀገር|}}} |መለያ14 = ወጭ |ጽሑፍ14 = {{{ወጭ|}}} |መለያ15 = ገቢ |ጽሑፍ15 = {{{ገቢ|}}} |መለያ16 = ዘውግ |ጽሑፍ16 = {{{ዘውግ|}}} |መለያ17 = የፊልም ኢንዱስትሪ |ጽሑፍ17 = {{{የፊልም_ኢንዱስትሪ|}}} }} </includeonly> <noinclude> {{አጠቃቀም}} [[መደብ:መረጃሳጥን]] </noinclude> <pre> {{ፊልም |ርዕስ = |ሥዕል = |ርዕስ_በሌላ_ቋንቋ = |ክፍል = |የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት = |ፊልሙን_ያዘጋጀው_ድርጅት = |ዳይሬክተር = |አዘጋጅ = |ምክትል_ዳይሬክተር = |ጸሐፊ = |ሙዚቃ = |ኤዲተር = |ተዋናዮች = |የፊልሙ_ርዝመት = |ሀገር = |ወጭ = |ገቢ = |ዘውግ = |የፊልም_ኢንዱስትሪ = }} </pre> 40lq5d5w3l5gso45596brcx8jy65vnb 0 55861 394768 2026-08-15T17:49:25Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:ja:Special:Redirect/revision/108738156|キノー]]" 394768 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ኪኖ''' ([[ራሺያኛ]] {{Lang|ru|'''Кино'''}} ፣ ኪኖ) [[ሶቪዬት ሕብረት|በሶቪየት]] ዘመን ንቁ የሮክ ባንድ ነበር።እነሱ የሶቪየት ህብረት የሮክ ባንድ ተወካይ ናቸው።በሙዚቃዊ መልኩ፣ በፖስት-ፓንክ እና በኒው ዌቭ ተመስጧዊ ናቸው። የባንዱ ስም "ፊልም" ማለት ነው።ድምፃዊው ቪክቶር ጾይ አሁንም በአሁኑ የሩሲያ ፌዴሬሽን ውስጥ እንደ ሮክ አፈ ታሪክ ይቆጠራል። == ታሪክ == በ1981 በሌኒንግራድ (ሴንት ፒተርስበርግ) ተቋቋሙ። ቀደም ሲል የነበራቸው ቡድን ፒሊግሪም እና ፓላታ ቁጥር 6 ነበሩ። መጀመሪያ ላይ "Garin i Giperboloidy" (Garin and the Hyperboloid) የሚለውን ስም ወስደው ነበር፣ ይህም ከአሌክሲ ኒኮላቪች ቶልስቶይ *Garin and the Hyperboloid* ልብ ወለድ የተወሰደ ቢሆንም፣ ግሬንሽኮቭን ባገኙበት ጊዜ አካባቢ ወደ ኪኖ ቀይረውታል። ይህ የሆነው አጭር፣ "ሁሉን አቀፍ" እና በዓለም ዙሪያ ላሉ ሰዎች በቀላሉ የሚጠሩ ሁለት ፊደላት ብቻ ስለነበሩ ነው። ጾይ እና ሊዩቢን በኋላ ላይ ሀሳቡን ያገኙት ደማቅ ብርሃን ያለው የፊልም ቲያትር ምልክት በማየታቸው እንደሆነ ተናግረዋል። በወቅቱ የሮክ ሙዚቃ "ቡርጆይስ" እና በሶቪየት መንግስት የማይፈለግ እንደሆነ ተደርጎ ይቆጠር ነበር፣ ስለዚህ እንደ ሌሎቹ የዘመኑ የሮክ ባንዶች፣ መጀመሪያ ላይ በግል አፓርታማዎች ውስጥ በሚገኙ ከፊል ምድር ቤት ክለቦች ውስጥ ብቻ ይጫወቱ ነበር። == የመጨረሻ አባላት == ቪክቶር ጾይ መሪ ድምፃውያን፣ ጊታር፣ ባስ (1981–1990፣ በ1990 ሞተ) የኮሪያ-ካዛክ እና የሩሲያ ዝርያ ነበረው። በነሐሴ 15፣ 1990 በ28 ዓመቱ በትራፊክ አደጋ ሞተ። ዩሪ ካስፓርያን ሊድ ጊታር (1983–1990) ባንዱ ከፈረሰ በኋላ ለተወሰነ ጊዜ እንቅስቃሴ አልባ ነበር፣ ነገር ግን በ1995 ከቀድሞው የናውቲለስ ፖምፒሊየስ ግንባር ቀደም ቪያቼስላቭ ቡቱሶቭ ጋር ሁለት ትብብር ካደረገ በኋላ በ2001 ዩ-ፒተርን አቋቋመ፣ በ2017 ከመበተኑ በፊት አምስት አልበሞችን አውጥቷል። ጆርጂ ጉርያንኖቭ ከበሮ፣ ፐርከሲዮን (1986–1990፣ በ2013 ሞተ) ባንዱ ከፈረሰ በኋላ ሙዚቃውን ትቶ እንደ ሰዓሊ ሰርቷል፣ ነገር ግን የኪኖ ዘፈኖችን በመቅረጽ ተሳትፏል። ሐምሌ 20፣ 2013 በሄፓታይተስ ሲ፣ በጉበት ካንሰር እና በፓንጀራ ካንሰር ሞተ። ዕድሜው 52 ዓመት ነበር። Igor Tikhomirov Bass (1986–1990) ባንዱ ከተበተነ በኋላ፣ እንደ ባሲስት ዲዲቲ ተቀላቀለ። (በኋላ ባንዱን ለቋል) የቀድሞ አባላት አሌክሴይ ራይቢን ጊታር (1981–1983) ኦሌግ ቫሊንስኪ ከበሮዎች (1981–1982) ቦሪስ ግሬቤንሽቺኮቭ ሲንተዚዘር፣ ፕሮዳክሽን (1981–1984) የአኳሪየም ግንባር። ሚካሂል ቫሲሌቭ ከበሮ ማሽን (1982–1983) አሌክሳንደር ቲቶቭ ባስ፣ ፐርከሽን (1984–1985) እንዲሁም ለአኳሪየም ባስ ተጫውቷል። አሌክሴ ቪሽኒያ ከበሮ ማሽን (1985-1988) አንድሬ ክሪሳኖቭ ባስ == ዲስኮግራፊ == [[45 (አልበም)|45]] p9kukju5kfqnuj91njyc955rr8803jn 394769 394768 2026-08-15T17:56:53Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* ዲስኮግራፊ */ 394769 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ኪኖ''' ([[ራሺያኛ]] {{Lang|ru|'''Кино'''}} ፣ ኪኖ) [[ሶቪዬት ሕብረት|በሶቪየት]] ዘመን ንቁ የሮክ ባንድ ነበር።እነሱ የሶቪየት ህብረት የሮክ ባንድ ተወካይ ናቸው።በሙዚቃዊ መልኩ፣ በፖስት-ፓንክ እና በኒው ዌቭ ተመስጧዊ ናቸው። የባንዱ ስም "ፊልም" ማለት ነው።ድምፃዊው ቪክቶር ጾይ አሁንም በአሁኑ የሩሲያ ፌዴሬሽን ውስጥ እንደ ሮክ አፈ ታሪክ ይቆጠራል። == ታሪክ == በ1981 በሌኒንግራድ (ሴንት ፒተርስበርግ) ተቋቋሙ። ቀደም ሲል የነበራቸው ቡድን ፒሊግሪም እና ፓላታ ቁጥር 6 ነበሩ። መጀመሪያ ላይ "Garin i Giperboloidy" (Garin and the Hyperboloid) የሚለውን ስም ወስደው ነበር፣ ይህም ከአሌክሲ ኒኮላቪች ቶልስቶይ *Garin and the Hyperboloid* ልብ ወለድ የተወሰደ ቢሆንም፣ ግሬንሽኮቭን ባገኙበት ጊዜ አካባቢ ወደ ኪኖ ቀይረውታል። ይህ የሆነው አጭር፣ "ሁሉን አቀፍ" እና በዓለም ዙሪያ ላሉ ሰዎች በቀላሉ የሚጠሩ ሁለት ፊደላት ብቻ ስለነበሩ ነው። ጾይ እና ሊዩቢን በኋላ ላይ ሀሳቡን ያገኙት ደማቅ ብርሃን ያለው የፊልም ቲያትር ምልክት በማየታቸው እንደሆነ ተናግረዋል። በወቅቱ የሮክ ሙዚቃ "ቡርጆይስ" እና በሶቪየት መንግስት የማይፈለግ እንደሆነ ተደርጎ ይቆጠር ነበር፣ ስለዚህ እንደ ሌሎቹ የዘመኑ የሮክ ባንዶች፣ መጀመሪያ ላይ በግል አፓርታማዎች ውስጥ በሚገኙ ከፊል ምድር ቤት ክለቦች ውስጥ ብቻ ይጫወቱ ነበር። == የመጨረሻ አባላት == ቪክቶር ጾይ መሪ ድምፃውያን፣ ጊታር፣ ባስ (1981–1990፣ በ1990 ሞተ) የኮሪያ-ካዛክ እና የሩሲያ ዝርያ ነበረው። በነሐሴ 15፣ 1990 በ28 ዓመቱ በትራፊክ አደጋ ሞተ። ዩሪ ካስፓርያን ሊድ ጊታር (1983–1990) ባንዱ ከፈረሰ በኋላ ለተወሰነ ጊዜ እንቅስቃሴ አልባ ነበር፣ ነገር ግን በ1995 ከቀድሞው የናውቲለስ ፖምፒሊየስ ግንባር ቀደም ቪያቼስላቭ ቡቱሶቭ ጋር ሁለት ትብብር ካደረገ በኋላ በ2001 ዩ-ፒተርን አቋቋመ፣ በ2017 ከመበተኑ በፊት አምስት አልበሞችን አውጥቷል። ጆርጂ ጉርያንኖቭ ከበሮ፣ ፐርከሲዮን (1986–1990፣ በ2013 ሞተ) ባንዱ ከፈረሰ በኋላ ሙዚቃውን ትቶ እንደ ሰዓሊ ሰርቷል፣ ነገር ግን የኪኖ ዘፈኖችን በመቅረጽ ተሳትፏል። ሐምሌ 20፣ 2013 በሄፓታይተስ ሲ፣ በጉበት ካንሰር እና በፓንጀራ ካንሰር ሞተ። ዕድሜው 52 ዓመት ነበር። Igor Tikhomirov Bass (1986–1990) ባንዱ ከተበተነ በኋላ፣ እንደ ባሲስት ዲዲቲ ተቀላቀለ። (በኋላ ባንዱን ለቋል) የቀድሞ አባላት አሌክሴይ ራይቢን ጊታር (1981–1983) ኦሌግ ቫሊንስኪ ከበሮዎች (1981–1982) ቦሪስ ግሬቤንሽቺኮቭ ሲንተዚዘር፣ ፕሮዳክሽን (1981–1984) የአኳሪየም ግንባር። ሚካሂል ቫሲሌቭ ከበሮ ማሽን (1982–1983) አሌክሳንደር ቲቶቭ ባስ፣ ፐርከሽን (1984–1985) እንዲሁም ለአኳሪየም ባስ ተጫውቷል። አሌክሴ ቪሽኒያ ከበሮ ማሽን (1985-1988) አንድሬ ክሪሳኖቭ ባስ == ዲስኮግራፊ == [[45 (አልበም)|45]] [[46 (አልበም)|46]] [[የካምቻትካ ገዥ]] [[ይህ ፍቅር አይደለም...]] [[Noch (አልበም)|Noch]] [[የደም ቡድን]] [[የመጨረሻው ጀግና]] [[Zvezda po imeni Solntse]] [[ዘ ብላክ አልበሙ]] 39378cp1k1w1hb3cl19hqj2yxia1ec7 394770 394769 2026-08-15T18:06:52Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 /* ዲስኮግራፊ */ 394770 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ኪኖ''' ([[ራሺያኛ]] {{Lang|ru|'''Кино'''}} ፣ ኪኖ) [[ሶቪዬት ሕብረት|በሶቪየት]] ዘመን ንቁ የሮክ ባንድ ነበር።እነሱ የሶቪየት ህብረት የሮክ ባንድ ተወካይ ናቸው።በሙዚቃዊ መልኩ፣ በፖስት-ፓንክ እና በኒው ዌቭ ተመስጧዊ ናቸው። የባንዱ ስም "ፊልም" ማለት ነው።ድምፃዊው ቪክቶር ጾይ አሁንም በአሁኑ የሩሲያ ፌዴሬሽን ውስጥ እንደ ሮክ አፈ ታሪክ ይቆጠራል። == ታሪክ == በ1981 በሌኒንግራድ (ሴንት ፒተርስበርግ) ተቋቋሙ። ቀደም ሲል የነበራቸው ቡድን ፒሊግሪም እና ፓላታ ቁጥር 6 ነበሩ። መጀመሪያ ላይ "Garin i Giperboloidy" (Garin and the Hyperboloid) የሚለውን ስም ወስደው ነበር፣ ይህም ከአሌክሲ ኒኮላቪች ቶልስቶይ *Garin and the Hyperboloid* ልብ ወለድ የተወሰደ ቢሆንም፣ ግሬንሽኮቭን ባገኙበት ጊዜ አካባቢ ወደ ኪኖ ቀይረውታል። ይህ የሆነው አጭር፣ "ሁሉን አቀፍ" እና በዓለም ዙሪያ ላሉ ሰዎች በቀላሉ የሚጠሩ ሁለት ፊደላት ብቻ ስለነበሩ ነው። ጾይ እና ሊዩቢን በኋላ ላይ ሀሳቡን ያገኙት ደማቅ ብርሃን ያለው የፊልም ቲያትር ምልክት በማየታቸው እንደሆነ ተናግረዋል። በወቅቱ የሮክ ሙዚቃ "ቡርጆይስ" እና በሶቪየት መንግስት የማይፈለግ እንደሆነ ተደርጎ ይቆጠር ነበር፣ ስለዚህ እንደ ሌሎቹ የዘመኑ የሮክ ባንዶች፣ መጀመሪያ ላይ በግል አፓርታማዎች ውስጥ በሚገኙ ከፊል ምድር ቤት ክለቦች ውስጥ ብቻ ይጫወቱ ነበር። == የመጨረሻ አባላት == ቪክቶር ጾይ መሪ ድምፃውያን፣ ጊታር፣ ባስ (1981–1990፣ በ1990 ሞተ) የኮሪያ-ካዛክ እና የሩሲያ ዝርያ ነበረው። በነሐሴ 15፣ 1990 በ28 ዓመቱ በትራፊክ አደጋ ሞተ። ዩሪ ካስፓርያን ሊድ ጊታር (1983–1990) ባንዱ ከፈረሰ በኋላ ለተወሰነ ጊዜ እንቅስቃሴ አልባ ነበር፣ ነገር ግን በ1995 ከቀድሞው የናውቲለስ ፖምፒሊየስ ግንባር ቀደም ቪያቼስላቭ ቡቱሶቭ ጋር ሁለት ትብብር ካደረገ በኋላ በ2001 ዩ-ፒተርን አቋቋመ፣ በ2017 ከመበተኑ በፊት አምስት አልበሞችን አውጥቷል። ጆርጂ ጉርያንኖቭ ከበሮ፣ ፐርከሲዮን (1986–1990፣ በ2013 ሞተ) ባንዱ ከፈረሰ በኋላ ሙዚቃውን ትቶ እንደ ሰዓሊ ሰርቷል፣ ነገር ግን የኪኖ ዘፈኖችን በመቅረጽ ተሳትፏል። ሐምሌ 20፣ 2013 በሄፓታይተስ ሲ፣ በጉበት ካንሰር እና በፓንጀራ ካንሰር ሞተ። ዕድሜው 52 ዓመት ነበር። Igor Tikhomirov Bass (1986–1990) ባንዱ ከተበተነ በኋላ፣ እንደ ባሲስት ዲዲቲ ተቀላቀለ። (በኋላ ባንዱን ለቋል) የቀድሞ አባላት አሌክሴይ ራይቢን ጊታር (1981–1983) ኦሌግ ቫሊንስኪ ከበሮዎች (1981–1982) ቦሪስ ግሬቤንሽቺኮቭ ሲንተዚዘር፣ ፕሮዳክሽን (1981–1984) የአኳሪየም ግንባር። ሚካሂል ቫሲሌቭ ከበሮ ማሽን (1982–1983) አሌክሳንደር ቲቶቭ ባስ፣ ፐርከሽን (1984–1985) እንዲሁም ለአኳሪየም ባስ ተጫውቷል። አሌክሴ ቪሽኒያ ከበሮ ማሽን (1985-1988) አንድሬ ክሪሳኖቭ ባስ == ዲስኮግራፊ == [[45 (አልበም)|45]] [[46 (አልበም)|46]] [[የካምቻትካ ገዥ]] [[ይህ ፍቅር አይደለም...]] [[Noch (አልበም)|Noch]] [[የደም ቡድን]] [[የመጨረሻው ጀግና]] [[Zvezda po imeni Solntse]] [[ዘ ብላክ አልበሙ]] == ፎቶግራፍ == [[ስዕል:Kino1986leningrad.jpg|right|thumb]] [[ስዕል:Kinoleningradblackandwhite-2.jpg|right|thumb]] d2atzme4fdfbr5v87imhbd3vcq3qlo5 0 55862 394772 2026-08-16T02:57:49Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1282401460|Category:Girls und Panzer]]" 394772 wikitext text/x-wiki ልጃገረዶች እና ፓንዘር（[[ጃፓንኛ]]:ガールズ&パンツァー） ከጥቅምት እስከ ታህሳስ 2012 እና በመጋቢት 2013 የተላለፈ ኦሪጅናል የጃፓን የአኒሜ ተከታታይ ፊልም ነው። rijm8chy63pk0pbwa65gq8x0jo8oaev 0 55863 394773 2026-08-16T05:05:23Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365188065|Gruppa krovi]]" 394773 wikitext text/x-wiki የደም ቡድን ( [[ራሺያኛ Кино]] : Группа крови, ) በ1988 ለመጀመሪያ ጊዜ የተለቀቀው በሶቪየት ፖስት-ፓንክ ባንድ [[ሲኖ|ኪኖ]] የተሰራው አምስተኛው የስቱዲዮ አልበም ነው። በፔሬስትሮይካ እና ግላስኖስት ዘመን ከፍተኛ ደረጃ ላይ በነበረበት ወቅት የተለቀቀው እና በተመሳሳይ ዓመት የተለቀቀው ''ዘ ኔድል'' የተሰኘው የወንጀል ትሪለር፣ ከዋና ድምፃዊ ቪክቶር ጾይ ጋር፣ [[ሶቪዬት ሕብረት|በሶቪየት ህብረት]] ውስጥም ሆነ ከሶቪየት ውጭ የባንዱ በጣም ተወዳጅ አልበም ሆኖ ይቀጥላል፣ ከአልበሙ የተወሰዱ ዘፈኖች፣ {{አብነት፡ የቋንቋ ግንኙነት አገናኝ|Gruppa krovi (song)|ru|Группа крови (песня)}} ጨምሮ።<span class="noprint" data-ve-ignore="" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;">&nbsp;&#x5B; [[:ru:Группа крови (песня)|ru]] &#x5D;</span> ፣ በተለምዶ ከ100 ምርጥ የሩሲያ ሙዚቃዎች ዝርዝር ውስጥ ተዘርዝሯል። <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://russkiymir.ru/en/news/228331/|title=Yandex published top 100 most famous Russian songs}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20210924185212/https://russkiymir.ru/en/news/228331/ "Yandex published top 100 most famous Russian songs"]. Archived from [https://russkiymir.ru/en/news/228331/ the original] on 2021-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-15</span></span>.</cite></ref> በአልበሙ ላይ ሥራ የተጀመረው በ1987 ዓ.ም. አብዛኛው ቅጂ የተቀረጸው በጆርጂ ጉሪያኖቭ አፓርታማ ውስጥ ሲሆን የተጠናቀቀውም በአሌክሲ ቪሽኒያ ስቱዲዮ ውስጥ ነው። በስቱዲዮ ውስጥ ዘመናዊ ሪቨርብ በመጠቀሙ ምክንያት የቀረጻው ድምፅ ከአልበሞቹ ጋር ሲነጻጸር እጅግ በጣም የተጋነነ ነው። አልበሙ ከተለቀቀ በኋላ በተቺዎች ከፍተኛ አድናቆትን ያገኘ ሲሆን በሩሲያ ሙዚቃ ታሪክ ውስጥ እንደ አንድ ጉልህ ክስተት ተደርጎ ይቆጠራል። እ.ኤ.አ. በ1999 ናሼ ሬዲዮ "በ20ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን 100 ምርጥ የሩሲያ ሮክ ዘፈኖች" ዝርዝር አሳትሟል፣ ይህም ከዚህ አልበም ውስጥ በርካታ ዘፈኖችን ያካተተ ሲሆን "የደም አይነት" የሚለውን ዘፈን የመጀመሪያውን ቦታ ሰጥቶታል። {{አልበም|የቋንቋ_ርዕስ=|የተለቀቀበት_ዓመት=|ስቱዲዮ=[[አሌክሲ ቪሽኒያ]]|ዘውግ=ፖስት-ፓንክ፣ ኒው ዌቭ፣ አማራጭ ሮክ|ርዝመት=47:19|ግጥሞች_እና_ቅንብር=|የዘፈን_ግጥሞች=|ቅንብር=|ፕሮዲዩሰር=|ቀዳሚ_አልበም=Noch|የሚቀጥለው አልበም=የመጨረሻው ጀግና}} ilfc6kot8srq3evboq5qsqcbjt5eve1 0 55864 394777 2026-08-16T06:47:52Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:ja:Special:Redirect/revision/110526175|内川聖一]]" 394777 wikitext text/x-wiki ሴይቺ ኡቺካዋ（内川聖一） በ1982 የተወለደ እና ከኦይታ ከተማ፣ ኦይታ ግዛት የመጣ ፕሮፌሽናል የቤዝቦል ተጫዋች። q4k9ssfnirta1rb9o7ktpodydwm4evy 10 55865 394779 2026-08-16T08:04:28Z 武部沙織の彼氏 60089 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:ja:Special:Redirect/revision/110612019|Template:Infobox Election]]" 394779 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> <table align="right" class="infobox" cellspacing="5" style="width:46ex; margin:0 0 1em 1em; background:#FFFFE0; border:1px #aaaaaa solid; font-size:100%;"> <tr> <td class="mergedtoprow" colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;"> <big><big>{{{የምርጫ_ስም}}}</big></big> </td> </tr> {{#if:{{{የአገር_ስም|}}}| <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center">{{{የአገር_ስም}}}</td> </tr> }} {{#if:{{{የክልል_ባንዲራ|}}}| <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> [[ስዕል:{{{የክልል_ባንዲራ}}}|200px]] </td> </tr> }} <tr> <td>የምርጫ ዓይነት</td> <td>{{{የምርጫ_ዓይነት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የቀድሞ ምርጫ</td> <td>{{{የቀድሞ_ምርጫ|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የቀድሞ ዓመት</td> <td>{{{የቀድሞ_ዓመት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የሚቀጥለው ምርጫ</td> <td>{{{የሚቀጥለው_ምርጫ|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የሚቀጥለው ዓመት</td> <td>{{{የሚቀጥለው_ዓመት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የምርጫ ቀን</td> <td>{{{የምርጫ_ቀን|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የመምረጥ መጠን</td> <td>{{{የመምረጥ_መጠን|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>መንግሥት</td> <td>{{{መንግሥት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የፓርላማ መፍረስ ቀን</td> <td>{{{የፓርላማ_መፍረስ_ቀን|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የመፍረስ ስም</td> <td>{{{የመፍረስ_ስም|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የምርጫ ማስታወቂያ ቀን</td> <td>{{{የምርጫ_ማስታወቂያ_ቀን|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የሚመረጡ መቀመጫዎች</td> <td>{{{የሚመረጡ_መቀመጫዎች|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የምርጫ ሥርዓት</td> <td>{{{የምርጫ_ሥርዓት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>መራጮች</td> <td>{{{መራጮች|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የመራጮች ብዛት</td> <td>{{{የመራጮች_ብዛት|}}}</td> </tr> {{#if:{{{የውጤት_ምስል|}}}| <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> [[ስዕል:{{{የውጤት_ምስል}}}|280px]] </td> </tr> }} <tr> <td>ውጤት</td> <td>{{{ውጤት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የምርጫ ውጤት ካርታ</td> <td>{{{የውጤት_ካርታ|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የካርታ መግለጫ</td> <td>{{{የካርታ_መግለጫ|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>የሚመረጠው ሹመት</td> <td>{{{የሚመረጠው_ሹመት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ከምርጫው በፊት</td> <td>{{{ከምርጫው_በፊት|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ከምርጫው በኋላ</td> <td>{{{ከምርጫው_በኋላ|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ከምርጫው በፊት ፓርቲ</td> <td>{{{ከምርጫው_በፊት_ፓርቲ|}}}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ከምርጫው በኋላ ፓርቲ</td> <td>{{{ከምርጫው_በኋላ_ፓርቲ|}}}</td> </tr> </table> </includeonly> <noinclude>{{አጠቃቀም}} </noinclude> 5p8bkid71s2knv0c82pwc5c44w2ww8f