Wikipǣdia angwiki https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heafodtramet MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.26 first-letter Media Syndrig Mōtung Brūcend Brūcendmōtung Wikipǣdia Wikipǣdiamōtung Ymele Ymelmōtung MediaWiki MediaWikimōtung Bysen Bysenmōtung Help Helpmōtung Flocc Floccmōtung TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 8128 230658 227750 2026-04-29T14:53:10Z InternetArchiveBot 112307 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 230658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cyþþubox rice |nama=Sƿéoland |agenspræce fullnama=Kungariket Sverige |englisc fullnama=Sƿéoland þæt Cyneríce |biliþ=Boggvägen i Orsa - panoramio.jpg |biliþ gewrit=Orsa, in [[Þā Dalas|Þæm Dálum]] |fana=Flag of Sweden.svg |fana gewrit=Sƿéolandes Fána |scild=Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg |scild gewrit=Ðæs Sƿéona Cyninges Scild |cwide=För Sverige – i tiden |englisc cwide=For Sƿéolande, mid þæm tidum |landscite=Sweden in Europe (-rivers -mini map).svg |anstefn=Du gamla, Du fria |englisc anstefn=Þu gamol, Þu freo |agenspræc=[[Swēonisc sprǣc|Sƿéonisc]] |heafodstol=[[Stoccholm]] |brego=[[Carl XVI Gustaf Swēona Cyning|Carl XVI Gustaf]] |brego titul=[[Sƿēona Cyning|Cyning]] |leodweardes heafdes titul=Forma Þegn |bradnes=173,860 míla in feoƿerscytum |menniscu=10 093 734 |menniscu gear=2017 |landesbæro=$239 x10⁹ |feoh=Sƿéonisc krona |feoh tæcn=SEK |tld=.se |feorrspræcan forerim=+46 |tidgyrdel=+1 |tidgyrdel 2=+2 }} '''Sƿéoland þæt Cyneríce''' ({{Lang-sv|Konungariket Sverige}}) is Norþmannisc land in Scedelande, in Norðernre Europan. Ymb his mearce licgaþ [[Norþweg|Norþƿeg]] be ƿestan, [[Finnland]] be norþéastan, se [[Skagerrak]] and se [[Kattegat]] be súþƿestan, and se [[Ostsǣ|Ostsǽ]] and se [[Botmlandsǣ|Botmlandsǽ]] be éastan. For þǽm þe séo folces þiccnes is hƿæthƿégra smæl, is þæt Sƿéonisce land cúþ for his stilnesse, micelum ƿudum, and beorgƿéstenne. ==Land== [[Biliþ:Scandinavian Peninsula in Winter (February 19, 2003).jpg|thumb|200px|left|Sƿeoland in ƿinter]] Sƿéoland hæfð mild ƿeder oððæt ðe hit is norðern, forþæm þe se [[Gulfstrēam|Gulfstréam]] ƿearmþ [[Ostsǣ|Ostsǽ]]. In þisses landes súþdǽle is ƿelig mid léaf-berendum tréoƿum, and in his norþdǽl is [[æbs|furhƿudu]] and heard [[birc]] stent in eallum þǽm lande. On norðernum Sƿéolandes beorgum is ceald ƿeder mid snaƿe and ís. Be norþen þǽm norðƿorulde hring, seteð se sunne næfre in sumor and ne ríseð hit in ƿinter; seo ƿinter niht is unendende. Be easten Sƿéolande is [[Ostsǣ|Ostsǽ]] and his norðdǽl se [[Botmsǣ|Botmsǽ]]. Þý hæfþ þis land lang sǽrím. In his ƿestdǽl sindon [[Scedeland]]es beorgas, þá bedálað Sƿéonas of þǽm [[Norþweg|Norþmannum]]. Sƿéolandes súðdǽl is gebúrland mid micel ƿeald se oferƿriéhþ þæt land, þiccor norðƿeard. Onmiddan þǽm lande sind tƿá luge and [[Mälaren]] meres dæl is gemearc, in [[Öresund]]. [[Gotland]] and [[Eowland|Eoƿland]] sind Sƿéona mǽstan [[Swēolandes īege|íege]]. {{clear}} ==Landscipas== Sƿeoland hæfþ féoƿer and tƿéontig landscipas oððe fíf and tƿéontig gif man hygð ðe [[Norþbotten]] is his agan land and nis [[Westbotten|Ƿestbottnes]] dæl. Þás landscipas næbbað tōþegnung þing ac hie sindon héafod bedælunge ðæs ríces. Oþre landscipas of ealdtíde sind in [[Finnland]], þæt land hæfþ gebéon gelosen. Terfinnland is þæt ánne landscipe genomen be landbúnesse. {| |- !|Sƿeonisc !|Englisc !|Bclæden !rowspan="33"|[[Biliþ:Sverigekarta-Landskap Text.svg|right|350px|Swéona landscipas|alt=Swēona landscipas]] |- |[[Ångermanland]]|| [[Angermannaland]] || ''Angermannia'' |- |Blekinge|| [[Blecinga īeg|Blecinga íeg]] || ''Blechingia'' |- |Bohuslän|| [[Bohusscīr|Bohusscír]] || ''Bahusia'' |- |Dalarna|| [[Þā Dalas, Swēoland|Þá Dalas]] || ''Dalecarlia'' |- |Dalsland ||[[Dalsland]]||''Dalia'' |- ||Gotland || [[Gotland]] || ''Gotlandia'' |- |Gästrikland ||[[Gestricland]]||''Gestricia'' |- |Halland || [[Halland]]||''Hallandia'' |- |Hälsingland ||[[Helsingland]]|| ''Helsingia'' |- |Härjedalen|| [[Se Hergedæl]] || ''Herdalia'' |- |Jämtland || [[Gemtland]] || ''Jemtia'' |- ||Lappland || [[Swēonisc Terfinnland|Sƿéonisc Terfinnland]] || ''Lapponia Suecana'' |- |Medelpad ||[[Medelpad]]||''Medelpadia'' |- |Norrbotten ||[[Norþbotten]]||''Norbothnia'' |- |Närke ||[[Nerce]]||''Nericia'' |- |Öland || [[Eowland|Eoƿland]] || ''Olandia'' |- |Östergötland || [[Ēastgeatland|Éastgeatland]] ||''Ostrogothia'' |- |Skåne || [[Scōnīeg|Scōníeg]] || ''Scania'' |- |[[Småland]] ||[[Smælland]]||''Smolandia'' |- |Södermanland ||[[Sudermanland]]||''Sudermannia'' |- |Uppland || [[Uppland]] ||''Uplandia'' |- |Värmland|| [[Wermland|Ƿermland]] ||''Ƿermlandia'' |- ||[[Västmanland]] || [[Westmannaland|Ƿestmannaland]] || ''Vestmannia'' |- |Västerbotten || [[Westbotten|Ƿestbotten]] ||''Vestrobothnia'' |- ||Västergötland|| [[Westgeatland|Ƿestgeatland]] ||''Ƿestrogothia'' |} <!-- == Stǣr == {{hēafod|[[Stǣr Swēolandes]]}} [[Biliþ:Gustav Vasa.jpg|thumb|left|[[Gustav I Swēo Cyning]]]] Conclusive archaeological evidence exists that the area now comprising Sweden was settled during the [[Stone Age]], as the inland ice of the last [[ice age]] receded. The earliest inhabitants are thought to have been [[hunter-gatherer|hunters and gatherers]], living primarily off what the sea (later called the [[Baltic Sea]]) could offer. Some evidence supports the theory that southern Sweden was densely populated during the [[Bronze Age]], as remains of large trading communities from this period have been found. [[Sweden (etymology)|Sweden as a name]] was originally a plural form of [[Swedes|Swede]] and is a so-called "back-formation", from [[Old English]] ''[[Swēoþēod]]'' ([[Suiones]]). During the [[9th century| 9th]] and [[10th century]], the [[Wicing]] culture flourished on Swēom, with trade, raiding and colonisation primarily going eastward, to the [[Ostsǣs rīcum|Ostsǣs rīce]], [[Russland]]e and [[Euxine|Euxinus]]. In [[1389]], the three countries of [[Norþweg]], [[Denemearc]] and Swēoland geānlǣhte sē Dena cyning under his cynedōme. The [[Kalmar Union]] was entered into as a personal, not a political union, and during the [[15th century]], Swēoland resisted attempts to centralise rule under the Danish king, even to the point of armed rebellion. Sweden subsequently broke away in [[1521]], when Gustav Eriksson Vasa, known as king [[Gustav I of Sweden]] from [[1523]], re-established separation of the Swedish [[The Crown|Crown]] from the union. The [[17th century]] saw [[Rise_of_Sweden_as_a_Great_Power|the rise of Sweden]] as one of the [[great power]]s in Europe, due to successful participation, initiated by King [[Gustavus Adolphus]], in the [[Thirty Years' War]]. This position would crumble in the [[18th century]] when [[Russia]] took the reins of northern Europe in the [[Great Northern War]], and eventually in [[1809]], splitting off the eastern half of Sweden, thereby creating [[Finland]] as a Russian [[Grand Duchy]]. Recent Swedish history has been peaceful, the last war being the [[Campaign against Norway]] [[1814]] establishing a Sweden-dominated personal union with Norway. The union was peacefully dissolved in [[1905]], despite some sabre-rattling. Swēoland remained a [[neutral country]] during [[World War I]] and [[World War II]] (with a small exception for the [[Winter War]]). It continued to stay non-aligned during the [[Cold War]] and is today not a member of any military alliance but has participated in [[NATO]] military training. [[Image:View over Stockholm large.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A view over Stockholm, with the Riksdag building on Helgeandsholmen in the middle, and a part of the Royal Palace to the left.]] The first ceremony to award the [[Nobel Prize]] was held at the Old [[Royal Swedish Academy of Music|Royal Academy of Music]] in [[Stockholm]] in [[1901]]; beginning in [[1902]], the prizes have been formally awarded by the [[King of Sweden]]. == Politics == ''Main articles: [[Politics of Sweden]]'' Swēoland has been a [[monarchy]] for almost a [[millennium]] with [[Loss of supply|supply]] controlled by the parliament (the taxed peasantry constituting one of [[Riksdag of the Estates|four chambers]]). In [[1866]] Swéoland wearþ [[bicameral]], with ''Första Kammaren'' (the First Chamber) indirectly elected by local councillors, and ''Andra Kammaren'' (the Second Chamber) directly elected. Executive power was shared between the King and a noble [[Privy Council]] until [[1680]], followed by the King's [[autocracy|autocratic rule]] initiated by the common estates of the Parliament. As a reaction to the failed [[Great Northern War]], [[Parliamentary system|Parliamentarism]] was introduced in [[1719]], followed by three different flavours of [[Constitutional Monarchy]] in [[1772]], [[1789]] and [[1809]], [[Swedish constitution of 1809|the latter]] granting several civil liberties. Parliamentarism was re-introduced in [[1917]] as [[Gustav V of Sweden|King Gustaf V]], after decades of struggle, accepted the right of the party with the most support in parliament to form the [[Cabinet]]s. This reform was followed by [[Suffrage|common and equal suffrage]] enacted 1918-21. Parliamentarism was upheld by his successor [[Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden|Gustav VI Adolf]] until a new [[Constitution of Sweden|constitution]] in [[1975]] abolished the monarch's political power. The monarch remains as the formal, but merely a symbolic, [[head of state]] with mainly [[ceremony | ceremonial]] duties. [[Social Democrat|Social Democracy]] has played a dominant political role since 1917, after [[Reformist]]s had confirmed their strength and the [[Revolution|Revolutionaries]] left the party. Social Democratic influence over society and government is often described as [[Hegemony]]. After [[1932]] the Cabinets have been led and dominated by the Social Democrats except for: a few summer months [[1936]]; six years [[1976]]-[[1982]]; and three years [[1991]]-[[1994]]. In [[1971]], the [[Parliament of Sweden|Parliament]] or ''Riksdag'' became [[unicameral]]. Constitutionally, the 349-member ''Riksdag'' holds supreme authority in Sweden. It may alter the constitution and its acts are not subject to [[judicial review]]. Legislation may be initiated by the [[Cabinet]] or by members of Parliament. Members are elected on the basis of [[proportional representation]] for a four-year term. ''Grundlagen'' (the constitution) can be altered by the ''Riksdag'', which requires a [[supermajority]] and confirmation after the following general elections. The judicial system is divided between courts with regular civil and criminal jurisdiction and special courts with responsibility for litigation between the public and Government or Municipal authorities. Swedish law is codified and its court system consists of local courts, regional appellate courts, and a Supreme Court. == Economy == ''Main article: [[Economy of Sweden]]'' [[Image:1 Krona 2001.jpg|thumb|The Swedish Krona]] Aided by [[peace]] and [[neutral country|neutrality]] for the whole of the [[20th century]], Swéoland has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech [[capitalism]] and extensive welfare benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labour force. [[Timber]], [[hydropower]], and [[iron]] [[ore]] constitute the resource base of an [[economics|economy]] heavily oriented toward foreign [[trade]]. Privately-owned firms account for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. [[Agriculture]] accounts for only 2% of [[Gross Domestic Product|GDP]] and 2% of the jobs. The [[Government of Sweden|government's]] commitment to fiscal discipline resulted in a substantial budgetary surplus in [[2001]], which was cut by more than half in [[2002]], due to the global economic slowdown, revenue declines, and spending increases. The Swedish [[Sveriges Riksbank|Riksbank]] is focusing on price stability with its inflation target of 2%. Growth is expected to reach 3.5% in 2004, assuming a continued moderate global recovery. The [[Communications in Sweden|Communications]] and [[Transportation in Sweden|Transportation]] systems of Swéoland are important components of the infrastructure. == Demographics == ''Main article: [[Demographics of Sweden]]'' Swéoland has one of the world's highest [[life expectancies]] and one of the lowest [[birth rate]]s. The country counts at least 17,000 [[Indigenous people|indigenous]] [[Sami]]s among its population. Also some 50,000 of the [[ethnic Finns]] of Sweden consist an indigenous minority, although many more of the [[Sweden Finns]] descend from 20th century immigrants. The Swedish nation has been transformed from a nation of [[emigration]] ending after [[World War I]] to a nation of [[immigration]] from [[World War II]] and on. Almost 12% of the residents are born abroad, and about one fifth of Sweden's population are either immigrants or children of immigrants. The largest immigrant groups are from [[Finland]], the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|former Yugoslavia]], [[Iran]], [[Norway]], [[Denmark]], and [[Poland]]. This reflects the inter-Nordic migrations, earlier periods of labor immigration, and later decades of refugee and family immigration. The Finns were the first large group of immigrants to contemporary Sweden. During World War II some 70,000 [[Finnish war children|war children]] were evacuated from Finland. 15,000 of them stayed after the war, and many more returned as adults. Post-war hardship in Finland pushed large contingents of unemployed Finns to Sweden's booming economy in the [[1950s]]&ndash;[[1960s|60s]]. At its height, over 400,000 Finns lived in Sweden, but following the [[1973 energy crisis]] the unemployment rate in Sweden worsened while steady Soviet trade was to Finland's advantage. Since then, the number of immigrated [[Sweden-Finn]]s has decreased to below 200,000. [[image:Smal house.jpg|thumb|right|A typical 19th, early 20th century farmer's house]] Soviet intervention against the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution]] and the [[ Prague Spring|1968 Czechoslovakian liberalization]] resulted in the first surges of intellectual [[political refugee]]s. [[United States|American]] deserters from the [[Vietnam War]] often found refuge among the Swedes, who in international politics took a clear stand against [[imperialism]] both by the Soviet Union and the US. After the [[1973 coup in Chile]], and the following military dictatures in [[Chile]] and other [[South America]]n countries, political refugees came to dominate the image of immigration to Sweden, including refugees from [[Iran]], [[Iraq]] and [[Palestine]]. Of the refugees from the [[Yugoslav wars]], 135,000 remain in Sweden (2001). Swedish is a [[Germanic language]] related to Danish and Norwegian but different in pronunciation and orthography. English is by far the leading foreign language, particularly among students and those under age 50. The [[Swedish language]] has held a ''de facto'' dominant position to such a degree that making it an [[official language]] never has been a political issue. However, the recognition of five minority languages, on [[April 1]], [[2000]], has raised the issue of whether Swedish should have a standing as the official language in Sweden. [[Sami language|Sami]], [[Meänkieli language|Meänkieli]] and [[Finnish language|Finnish]] may be used in dealing with [[Municipalities of Sweden|municipal]] and [[Government Agencies in Sweden|government agencies]], [[court]]s, [[preschool]]s and [[nursing home]]s in parts of [[Norrbotten County]]. Swéoland has an extensive [[child-care|childcare]] system that guarantees a place for all young children from 2-5 years old in a public day-care facility. From ages 6-16, children attend compulsory comprehensive school. After completing the ninth grade, 90% attend upper secondary school for either academic or technical education. Swedes benefit from an extensive [[social welfare]] system, which provides for childcare and maternity and paternity leave, a ceiling on health care costs, old-age pensions, and sick leave among other benefits. Parents are entitled to a total of 480 days paid leave between birth and the child's eighth birthday, with 30 days reserved specifically for each parent. A ceiling on health care costs makes it easier for Swedish workers to take time off for medical reasons. As of approximately [[August 12]], [[as of 2004|2004]], the population of Sweden for the first time exceeded 9,000,000, according to [[Statistics Sweden]]. == Culture == ''Main article: [[Culture of Sweden]]'' Swedish 20th century culture is noted by pioneering works in the early days of cinema, with [[Mauritz Stiller]] and [[Victor Sjöström]]. Later on, moguls like [[Ingmar Bergman]] and actresses such as [[Greta Garbo]], [[Zarah Leander]], [[Ingrid Bergman]] and [[Anita Ekberg]] made careers abroad. Swedish music is in many minds connected with [[ABBA]], although more recently indie bands like [[Millencolin]], [[Soundtrack Of Our Lives]] and [[The Hives]] have started achieving international fame. Also worthy of mention are [[bob hund]], [[Roxette]], [[Ace of Base]], [[The Cardigans]], and [[Yngwie J. Malmsteen]] In underground circles, Sweden is known for a large number of [[death metal]] and [[black metal]] acts, often viewed as pioneering or at the forefront of the scene. Swedish literature is also vibrant and active, Sweden ranking third in the list of countries with most [[Nobel Prize]] laureates in [[Nobel Prize in Literature|literature]]. *[[Cuisine of Sweden]] *[[Music of Sweden]] == Symbeldagas == ''Main article: [[Holidays in Sweden]]'' The Swedish holiday calendar consists mainly of [[Christian]] holidays. Many of these are however a continuation of pre-christian customs, such as [[Midsummer|Midsummer]] and [[Walpurgis Night]]. Apart from official holidays and a few ''de facto'' holidays there are also [[Flag days in Sweden|official flag day]] observances and minor observances in the [[Namesdays in Sweden|namesday]] calendar. The [[National holiday of Sweden|National Day of Sweden]], celebrated on [[June 6]], is not yet a full holiday. <table border=1 align=center cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0> <tr style=background:#efefef;> <th>Date<th>English Name<th>Local Name<th>Remarks <tr><td>[[January 1]]<td>[[New Year|New Year's Day]] <td>''Nyårsdagen''<td>&nbsp; <tr><td>[[January 6]]<td>[[Epiphany]] <td>''Trettondagen''<td>&nbsp; <tr><td>''[[Moveable feast|Moveable]] Frígedæg''<td>[[Langafrígedæg ]] <td>''Långfredag''<td>Se Frígedæg beforan Éastersunnandæge <tr><td>''[[Moveable feast|Moveable]] Sunnandæg''<td>[[Éastersunnandæg]] <td>''Påskdagen''<td>&nbsp; <tr><td>''[[Moveable feast|Moveable]] Monday''<td>[[Easter|Easter Monday]] <td>''Annandag påsk''<td>Se dæg æfter Éastersunnandæge <tr><td>[[May 1]]<td>[[May Day]] <td>''Första maj''<td>See also [[Walpurgis Night]] <tr><td>''[[Moveable feast|Moveable]] Thursday''<td>[[Ascension Day]]<td>''Kristi himmelsfärdsdag''<td>40 days after Easter <tr><td>''[[Moveable feast|Moveable]] Sunday''<td>[[Fíftigdæg]] <td>''Pingstdagen''<td>50 daga æfter Éastere <tr><td>''[[Moveable feast|Moveable]] Monday''<td>[[Fíftigdæg|Whitmonday]] <td>''Annandag Pingst''<td>51 daga æfter Éastere <tr><td>Friday before [[Midsummer|Midsummer day]]<td>[[Midsummer|Midsummer Eve]] <td>''Midsommarafton''<td>Non official - ''however a de facto full holiday'' <tr><td>Saturday between [[June]] 20 and 26<td>[[Midsummer|Midsummer Day]] <td>''Midsommardagen''<td>&nbsp; <tr><td>Saturday between [[October 31]] and [[November 6]]<td>[[All Saints|All Saints Day]] <td>''Alla helgons dag''<td>Moved from November 1 <tr><td>[[December 24]]<td>[[Christmas Eve]] <td>''Julafton''<td>Non official - ''however a de facto full holiday'' <tr><td>[[December 25]]<td> [[Christmas Day]] <td>''Juldagen''<td>&nbsp; <tr><td>[[December 26]]<td>[[Boxing Day]]<td>''Annandag jul''<td>&nbsp; <tr><td>[[December 31]]<td>[[New Year|New Year's Eve]] <td>''Nyårsafton''<td>Non official - ''however a de facto full holiday'' <tr><td>All Sundays<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>Official holidays - ''names follow the [[Liturgical year]]'' </table> == International rankings == * [[UN]] [[Human Development Index]] - 2nd place * [[Reporters Without Borders]] - [[Worldwide Press Freedom Index]] - 9th place * [http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html CIA World Factbook - GDP] - ([[PPP]]) ([http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/notesanddefs.html]) per capita - 24th place == Glēsing == *[[CIA World Factbook]] - [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sw.html Sweden] *[[United States Department of State]] - [http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2880.htm Sweden] --> == útanƿearde bendas == {{Commonscat|Sweden}} *[http://www.sweden.se/ SWEDEN.SE] - Þæt Ambihtliċe Geat tō Swéolande *[http://www.visitsweden.com/ VisitSweden.com - Sweden's Travel and Tourism Council] - útlandena rǽd *[http://www.sweden.gov.se/ The Swedish Government] - Ambihtlic stede *[http://www.riksdagen.se/Index_en.asp The Riksdag] - Ambihtlic stede þæs Swéoniscan Þinges *[http://www.royalcourt.se/net/Royal+Court The Royal Court of Sweden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040703002915/http://www.royalcourt.se/net/Royal+Court |date=2004-07-03 }} - Cyninges tún *[http://www.studyin.sweden.se/ Study in Sweden] - Leornungcræft in Swéolande *[http://www.sverigedirekt.se/sprak/off_sekt_eng.asp SwedenDirect] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422070124/http://www.sverigedirekt.se/sprak/off_sekt_eng.asp |date=2008-04-22 }} - Folclices Dǽles Gefrǽge *[http://www.scb.se/ Rím Swéolandes] *[http://www.radiosweden.org/ Radio Sweden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511191705/http://www.radiosweden.org/ |date=2008-05-11 }} Feorranhíering Swéolandes (on Níwum Englisce) *[http://www.kingdom-of-sweden.com/ Sweden Info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928055754/http://www.kingdom-of-sweden.com/ |date=2007-09-28 }} - Swéoland Cyneríce (ENG) {{Land on Europan}} loq81ezu8oet504edvhymnhf104qe0v 2 13232 230659 204523 2026-04-29T19:52:19Z James500 23143 Remove template 230659 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#babel:en}} [[en:User:James500]] [[id:Pengguna:James500]] [[ca:Usuari:James500]] [[cs:Wikipedista:James500]] [[zh:用户:James500]] [[da:Bruger:James500]] [[de:Benutzer:James500]] [[es:Usuario:James500]] [[fr:Utilisateur:James500]] [[it:Utente:James500]] [[ja:利用者:James500]] [[ko:사용자:James500]] [[la:Usor:James500]] [[hu:Szerkesztő:James500]] [[nl:Gebruiker:James500]] [[no:Bruker:James500]] [[fa:کاربر:James500]] [[pl:Wikipedysta:James500]] [[pt:Usuário:James500]] [[ru:Участник:James500]] [[ro:Utilizator:James500]] [[sco:User:James500]] [[fi:Käyttäjä:James500]] [[sv:Användare:James500]] [[vi:Thành viên:James500]] [[tr:Kullanıcı:James500]] [[uk:Користувач:James500]] 6djoibyjtpjs1ey08t6mytnkucxq077 4 16112 230660 200810 2026-04-29T20:28:34Z Ziv 131868 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Montgomery watches his tanks move up.jpg]] → [[File:Lieutenant General Bernard Montgomery, commanding the British Eighth Army in North Africa, in the turret of his Grant command tank at El Alamein, 5 November 1942. E18980.jpg]] → File replacement: Updating from an old version to a newer version with better quality ([[c:c:GR]]) 230660 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{../doc}} ==Gelicnessa== Bryce AN biliþ on ælc cyrre <gallery> Biliþ:Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz.jpg|Gottfried Leibniz Biliþ:Ian Smith 1950s.jpg|Ian Smith of Rhodesia Biliþ:Einstein Refrigerator.png|Einstein Refrigerator Biliþ:Lieutenant General Bernard Montgomery, commanding the British Eighth Army in North Africa, in the turret of his Grant command tank at El Alamein, 5 November 1942. E18980.jpg|Bernard Montgomery Biliþ:Armisticetrain (slight crop).jpg|Signatories of the armistice ending World War I Biliþ:Shrine of Rememberence.jpg|Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne </gallery> ==Ineligible== {|class="wikitable" |- !Blurb !Reason |- | '''[[St. Martin's Day]]''' in various Europe nations | refimprove section |- | [[1215]] – The [[Fourth Council of the Lateran|Fourth Lateran Council]]<!--not bold, unreferenced section-->, which defined the Roman Catholic doctrine of '''[[transubstantiation]]''', convened. | original research |- | [[1880]] – Australian bank robber and bushranger '''[[Ned Kelly]]''' was hanged in [[Melbourne]]. | refimprove section, Featured on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/June 28|June 28]] |- | [[1926]] – '''[[U.S. Route 66|Route 66]]''', the "Main Street of America" running from [[Chicago]] to [[Los Angeles]], was established. | refimprove section, {{tl|prose}} |} ==Eligible== * [[1620]] – The '''[[Mayflower Compact]]''', the first governing document of the [[Plymouth Colony]], was signed by 41 of the ''[[Mayflower]]''{{'}}s passengers while the ship was anchored in what is now [[Provincetown Harbor]]. * [[1675]] – German [[polymath]] '''[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz|Gottfried Leibniz]]''' ''(pictured)'' employed [[Integral|integral calculus]] for the first time to find the area under the graph of the function <math>y=f(x)</math>. * [[1778]] – [[American Revolutionary War]]: British forces and their [[Seneca people|Seneca]] allies '''[[Cherry Valley massacre|attacked]]''' a fort and the village of [[Cherry Valley, New York]], killing 14 soldiers and 30 civilians. * [[1805]] – [[War of the Third Coalition]]: French, Austrian and Russian units all suffered heavy losses in the '''[[Battle of Dürenstein]]'''. * [[1839]] – The '''[[Virginia Military Institute]]''', currently the oldest state [[military academy|military college]] in the United States, was founded. * [[1889]] – '''[[Washington (state)|Washington]]''', named in honor of [[George Washington|the first U.S. president]], was admitted to the United States as the [[List of U.S. states by date of statehood|42nd state]]. * [[1918]] – The '''[[Armistice with Germany|armistice treaty]]''' between the [[German Empire]] and the [[Allies of World War I|Allies]] was signed in a railway carriage in the [[Forest of Compiègne]] of France<!-- ''(signatories pictured)''-->. * [[1920]] – '''[[The Unknown Warrior]]''' was buried in [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]], beginning the modern trend of establishing [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier]] memorials across the world. * [[1926]] – The plan for the '''[[United States Numbered Highways|United States Numbered Highway System]]''' was approved by the [[American Association of State Highway Officials]]. * [[1934]] – The '''[[Shrine of Remembrance]]''', a memorial to all Australians who have served in war, opened in [[Melbourne]]. * [[1940]] – [[World War II]]: The [[Royal Navy]] launched the first all-aircraft ship-to-ship naval attack in history against the Italians in the '''[[Battle of Taranto]]'''. * [[1942]] – [[World War II]]: The [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] defeated the [[Axis powers|Axis]] at the '''[[Second Battle of El Alamein]]''', Egypt, turning the tide in the [[North African Campaign]] by ending Axis hopes of taking control of the [[Suez Canal]] and thus gaining access east to the Middle Eastern oil fields. * [[1960]] – A '''[[1960 South Vietnamese coup attempt|coup attempt]]''' by the [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] against [[Leaders of South Vietnam|President]] [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] was crushed after Diem falsely promised reform, allowing loyalists to rescue him. * [[1965]] – [[Rhodesia]]<!--not bold, refimprove section--> (or [[Southern Rhodesia]]), led by Prime Minister [[Ian Smith]], '''[[Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence|unilaterally declared independence]]''' from the United Kingdom. * [[1999]] – The '''[[House of Lords Act 1999|House of Lords Act]]''' was given [[royal assent]], removing most [[hereditary peer]]s from the [[House of Lords|British House of Lords]]. ==Notes== * [[1963 South Vietnamese coup]] featured on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November 1|November 1]], [[Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem]] on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November 2|November 2]], and [[Nguyen Ngoc Tho]] on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November 6|November 6]]; including 1960 coup, ideally only one of these should be used per year to avoid topic fatigue. * [[Altare della Patria]] appears on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November 4|November 4]] so The Unknown Warrior should not appear in the same year. {{divhide|end}} </noinclude> '''{{dægmæl|11|11}}''': {{Dweolinge dagas}}'''[[Griþdæg]]''' on Belgum, Francum and Serbþēode and on þæm [[Þēodacynewīse|Þēodacynewīsan]] se is ēac '''[[Gemyndinges Dæg]]'''. '''[[Ealdfeohtena Dæg]]''' in þæm Geānedum Rīcum. <div style="float:right; margin-left:0.5em;"> [[Biliþ:Armisticetrain (slight crop).jpg|Se grið se endode þā Form Wouldgūþe|100px]] </div> * [[1813]] – [[Gewinn of 1812]]: Brittisc and Canadisc þreat anȳdede Americanisc onsæcce æt þæm '''[[Cryslerestūn]] ''', þærbe be niede læteden Americaware hiera fær þe hie fengen [[Montreal]]. * [[1918]] – '''[[Józef Piłsudski]]''' wæs ansteald swa Hēah Bēothāta of Polisc þrēat be þǣre [[Ricendæht (Polaland)|Ricendæhte]] sēo hine befæste þe he besteall ðēodlic lēodweard for Pōlena rīce in his nīwan sundorrīcedōme. * [[1940]] – [[Ōðru Woruld Gūþ]]: '''''Atlantis''''' Germanisc tohtescip befang bedēaglod gewritas of SS ''Automedon'' þā wolde atyhtan [[Iapan]]es cyre to bestappene þone gewinn. * [[1965]] – [[Rhodesia]] (elleswīse [[Sūþern Rhodesia]]), þærof wæs [[Ian Smith]] Forma Þegn, '''[[Rhodesie Anstandend Sundorrīcedōmbann|anstandlice abannede sundorrīcehād]]''' of þæm Geānedum Cynerīce. * [[1975]] – Hwilum '''[[1975 Australisc Gesetnes pliht|in Australie]]''' scol [[John Kerr]] [[Gemǣne Rīca of Australie|Gemǣne Rīca]] þone leodweard of [[Gough Whitlam]] Forma Þegn of māle and tolysede þone [[Witenagemōt of Australie|Witenagemōt]] for [[twafeald lysung]] corennesse. <noinclude>{{Geargemynd fotmearc|11}} </noinclude> 19dap4ppajf0hbbegk5e1a2cnx3ngpb 0 23190 230661 214516 2026-04-29T22:27:52Z Rylesbourne 125148 230661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{otheruses}} {{Cyþþubox folcstede |nama = Ætlanda |flocc = [[Rīcehēafodburg]] |brǣdu = |lengu = |biliþ = A2ATL20250614-0721_(cropped).jpg |biliþ gewrit = Ætlanda, Georgiusa |motto = |ænglisc motto = |burgriht = |GDP getæl = |GDP ǣlcum hēafde = }} '''Ætlanda''' ({{lang-en|Atlanta}}) is sēo [[hēafodstōl]] þæs rīces [[Georgia (America)|Georgia]] þāra [[Geanedan Ricu America]]. Ætlanda is wīdsƿīðe ġecēged for hire mynsteras and lēodǣþe. Sēo byrig is ācēned on ānum micclan ġemǣne beforan þǣre Rādinga Fēores. Hīe byð sēo hēafodstōl þǣre sǣlande Georga. Ætlanda is mǣrost be hire hēafodstōwe for þā gōdan horscwāðas and hēahbȳman. Hīe is eac ǣcenned for hire geārlican sƿinung and blōstmum. Sēo byrig hæfð miccle gebūnyssa and sƿēteshūs, þǣr hīe beorgan þā wyrta and blēouman. Þās byrig is eac gehȳred for þā mǣran lārēowas and ǣldran hādas. Hīe hæfð ǣfelic ġemynd and wurðmynt for hire mynsteras, þǣr seofon hofas synd mǣre and hāleðu sƿēgigende. Sēo byrig is eac rīce for mǣran sǣstede, hālgum þēodum, and feorran farigendan. Beforan þām sporttēamum, Atlanta hæfð manige æðele tīma. Þǣr sind þā Hafocas (Hawks) spīwealdende on þǣre Bælþrīge Fēore, þā Falecnas (Falcons) hēafdige mid byrnie and scyttelum on þǣre Hordǣle and Blācungemǣre Sƿīþealdendlīce, þā Ætlanda Ēnīgode (Atlanta United) crīggaþ on folcƿǣnum þǣre Rādinga Fēores, and þā Brāfum (Braves) hwirfende on þǣre Ācgeƿealdan Fēore, hwæthweg hladende þā rīcstan and sƿīðran. Hīe synd līðe and stīðrǣccendlice tīma, and hīera heorðung bið gehāten in sǣsangum and bēah. {{Hēafodstōl on þǣm Geāndena Rīca America}} {{USPopulusCities}} [[Flocc:Byrig on Georgia (America)]] [[Flocc:Hēafodstōl on þǣm Geāndena Rīca America]] [[Flocc:Sċīrbyrig on Georgia (America)]] hudktb3h4meyt6ycc2vhjzpe8ghe0em 0 25059 230662 224246 2026-04-29T22:36:59Z Rylesbourne 125148 230662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cyþþubox USA rīce}} '''Ūtaƿ''' is rīce þāra [[Geānedu Rīcu American|Geānlǣhtra Rīċa American]]. Utah is hƿær ƿuniaþ sume [[Mormon]]as (þāra Crīstna healfsamnung). {{stycce}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Uta}} {{Geānedu Rīcu American}} {{aganflocc}} nbf5783xugkv2bnxdqivcue4j01kkxu 0 28336 230663 2026-04-30T02:30:09Z DededeMudkip2019 138185 Nīwe tramet: The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO; Russian: Организация Договора о коллективной безопасности (ОДКБ), romanized: Organizatsiya dogovora o kollektivnoy bezopasnosti, ODKB) is an intergovernmental military alliance in Eurasia consisting of six post-Soviet states: Armenia,[note 1] Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan.[4] The Collective Security Treaty has its origins in the Soviet Armed Forces, whic... 230663 wikitext text/x-wiki The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO; Russian: Организация Договора о коллективной безопасности (ОДКБ), romanized: Organizatsiya dogovora o kollektivnoy bezopasnosti, ODKB) is an intergovernmental military alliance in Eurasia consisting of six post-Soviet states: Armenia,[note 1] Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan.[4] The Collective Security Treaty has its origins in the Soviet Armed Forces, which was replaced in 1992 by the United Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and was then itself replaced by the successor armed forces of the respective independent states. Former members of the CSTO military alliance were Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan. Similar to Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty and the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, Article 4 of the Collective Security Treaty (CST) establishes that an aggression against one signatory would be perceived as an aggression against all. The 2002 CSTO charter reaffirmed the desire of all participating states to abstain from the use or threat of force. Signatories are prohibited from joining other military alliances.[5] jzj2od1lbbjqam61g11hne72hl4ui84 0 28337 230664 2026-04-30T03:53:04Z Rylesbourne 125148 Nīwe tramet: {{Cyþþubox folcstede |nama = Lamasċe |flocc = [[:Flocc:Byrig on Polum|Burh]] |biliþ = Farna Street in Łomża (cropped).jpg |biliþ gewrit = |burgriht = |rice = {{flag|Polaland}} |underrice = {{flagicon image|POL województwo podlaskie flag.svg}} [[Podlaċeland]] |motto = |ænglisc motto = |GDP getæl = |GDP ǣlcum hēafde = |brædu... 230664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cyþþubox folcstede |nama = Lamasċe |flocc = [[:Flocc:Byrig on Polum|Burh]] |biliþ = Farna Street in Łomża (cropped).jpg |biliþ gewrit = |burgriht = |rice = {{flag|Polaland}} |underrice = {{flagicon image|POL województwo podlaskie flag.svg}} [[Podlaċeland]] |motto = |ænglisc motto = |GDP getæl = |GDP ǣlcum hēafde = |brædu = |lengu = }} '''Lamasċe''' ({{lang-pl|Łomża}}) is [[Ceasterrice|rīċeburg]] on þǣm ēast-mearce þāra [[Polaland|Polenda]]. Hire nama is ġenumen of þǣre 'Brocanan Stōƿe', for þǣm þe þā eald-fæderas þone ƿudu tō-brǣcon tō macienne tūn. Hēo stent hēah ofer þǣre Nearuƿēan (Narew), and þǣr findaþ þā mangueras sċild and sibbe. Þā lēode on Lamasce sind mǣre for heora bīere and for heora hīƿum, þā þe ƿuniaþ on þǣm smalan fēstum nēah þǣm strēame. [[Flocc:Byrig on Polum]] cxuwc4jc4kslec7kvdj3azu46agijy4 230665 230664 2026-04-30T03:54:17Z Rylesbourne 125148 230665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cyþþubox folcstede |nama = Lamasċe |flocc = [[:Flocc:Byrig on Polum|Burh]] |biliþ = Farna Street in Łomża (cropped).jpg |biliþ gewrit = |burgriht = |rice = {{flag|Polaland}} |underrice = {{flagicon image|POL województwo podlaskie flag.svg}} [[Podlaċeland]] |motto = |ænglisc motto = |GDP getæl = |GDP ǣlcum hēafde = |brædu = |lengu = }} '''Lamasċe''' ({{lang-pl|Łomża}}) is [[Ceasterrice|rīċeburg]] on þǣm ēast-mearce þāra [[Polaland|Polenda]]. Hire nama is ġenumen of þǣre 'Brocanan Stōƿe', for þǣm þe þā eald-fæderas þone ƿudu tō-brǣcon tō macienne tūn. Hēo stent hēah ofer þǣre Nearuƿēan (Narew), and þǣr findaþ þā mangueras sċild and sibbe. Þā lēode on Lamasce sind mǣre for heora bīere and for heora hīƿum, þā þe ƿuniaþ on þǣm smalan fēstum nēah þǣm strēame. [[Flocc:Byrig on Polum]] [[Flocc:Byrig on Podlaċean]] gke9c9dp4r19bsdklre0m57yi7whhjy