Халип:Флагификация/Италиялъул къиралат

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  <siteinfo>
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      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Медиа</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Хъулухъалъулаб</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">БахӀс</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">ГӀахьалчи</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">ГӀахьалчиясул бахӀс</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Википедия</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Википедиялъул бахӀс</namespace>
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      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Халипалъул бахӀс</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Кумек</namespace>
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  <page>
    <title>Халип:Флагификация/Италиялъул къиралат</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>15874</id>
    <revision>
      <id>97567</id>
      <parentid>79337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-16T04:39:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>115</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing Flag_of_Italy_(1860).svg with [[File:Flag_of_the_Royal_Italian_Army.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · As also indicated in the description,</comment>
      <origin>97567</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="936" sha1="f3az97ca2nrglcu6g8o2hmhovxldmlr" xml:space="preserve">{{ {{{1&lt;noinclude&gt;|флагификация/флаг&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}
| variant = {{{variant|}}}
| кӀодолъи = {{{кӀодолъи|}}}
| alias = Италиялъул къиралат
| shortname alias = Италиялъул къиралат
| flag alias = Flag_of_Italy_(1861-1946).svg
| flag alias-1925 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg
| flag alias-рагъулаб = Flag of the Royal Italian Army.svg 
| flag alias-ДандечӀеялъул ХӀаракат = Flag of Italian Committee of National Liberation.svg
| flag alias-Гарибалдилал бригадаби = Bandiera delle Brigate Garibaldi partigiane (1943-1945).PNG
| flag alias-ГӀадиллъи ва эркенлъи = Flag of Giustizia e Liberta.svg
| var1 = 1925
| var2 = рагъулаб 
| var3 = ДандечӀеялъул ХӀаракат
| var4 = Гарибалдилал бригадаби 
| var5 = ГӀадиллъи ва эркенлъи
}}</text>
      <sha1>f3az97ca2nrglcu6g8o2hmhovxldmlr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Модуль:Params</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>20954</id>
    <revision>
      <id>97566</id>
      <parentid>97388</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-16T00:25:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>16385</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Upstream updates</comment>
      <origin>97566</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="81803" sha1="km4whdg21r02vb25s045d3k1i72yr6b" xml:space="preserve">require[[strict]]


	---                                        ---
	---     LOCAL ENVIRONMENT                  ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Abstract utilities ]]--
	----------------------------


-- Helper function for `string.gsub()` (for managing zero-padded numbers)
local function zero_padded (str)
	return ('%03d%s'):format(#str, str)
end


-- Helper function for `table.sort()` (for natural sorting)
local function natural_sort (var1, var2)
	return var1:gsub('%d+', zero_padded) &lt; var2:gsub('%d+', zero_padded)
end


-- Parse a parameter name string and return it as a string or a number
local function get_parameter_name (par_str)
	local ret = par_str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if ret ~= '0' and ret:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' == nil then return ret end
	return tonumber(ret)
end


-- Return a copy or a reference to a table
local function copy_or_ref_table (src, refonly)
	if refonly then return src end
	local newtab = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do newtab[key] = val end
	return newtab
end


-- Remove some numeric elements from a table, shifting everything to the left
local function remove_numeric_keys (tbl, idx, len)
	local cache, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt;= idx then
			if key &gt; tmp then cache[key - len] = val end
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Make a reduced copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_reduced (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = 1 - idx
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Make an expanded copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_expanded (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = idx - 1
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; 0 then ret[key + tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; 1 then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Move a key from a table to another, but only if under a different name and
-- always parsing numeric strings as numbers
local function steal_if_renamed (val, src, skey, dest, dkey)
	local realkey = get_parameter_name(dkey)
	if skey ~= realkey then
		dest[realkey] = val
		src[skey] = nil
	end
end


-- Given a table, create two new tables containing the sorted list of keys
local function get_key_list_sorted (tbl, sort_fn)
	local nums, words, nn, nw = {}, {}, 0, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			nn = nn + 1
			nums[nn] = key
		else
			nw = nw + 1
			words[nw] = key
		end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	table.sort(words, sort_fn)
	return nums, words, nn, nw
end


	--[[ Public strings ]]--
	------------------------


-- Special match keywords (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local mkeywords = {
	['or'] = 0,
	pattern = 1,
	plain = 2,
	strict = 3
}


-- Sort functions (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local sortfunctions = {
	alphabetically = false,
	naturally = natural_sort
}


-- Callback styles for the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of modifiers
-- (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
--[[

Meanings of the columns:

  col[1] = Loop type (0-3)
  col[2] = Number of module arguments that the style requires (1-3)
  col[3] = Minimum number of sequential parameters passed to the callback
  col[4] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter name
  col[5] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter value
  col[6] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[4]`
  col[7] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[5]`

A value of `-1` indicates that no meaningful value is stored (i.e. `nil`)

]]--
local mapping_styles = {
	names_and_values = { 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, -1, -1 },
	values_and_names = { 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, -1, -1 },
	values_only = { 1, 2, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1 },
	names_only = { 2, 2, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1 },
	names_and_values_as = { 3, 4, 0, -1, -1, 2, 3 },
	names_only_as = { 2, 3, 0, -1, -1, 2, -1 },
	values_only_as = { 1, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, 2 },
	blindly = { 0, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1 }
}


-- Memory slots (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local memoryslots = {
	h = 'header',
	f = 'footer',
	i = 'itersep',
	l = 'lastsep',
	n = 'ifngiven',
	p = 'pairsep',
	s = 'oxfordsep'
}


-- Possible trimming modes for the `parsing` modifier
local trim_parse_opts = {
	trim_none = { false, false },
	trim_positional = { false, true },
	trim_named = { true, false },
	trim_all = { true, true }
}


-- Possible string modes for the iteration separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local isep_parse_opts = {
	splitter_pattern = false,
	splitter_string = true
}


-- Possible string modes for the key-value separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local psep_parse_opts = {
	setter_pattern = false,
	setter_string = true
}


-- Possible position references for the `splicing` modifier
local position_references = {
	add_nothing = 0,
	add_smallest_number = 1,
	add_last_of_sequence = 2,
	add_largest_number = 3
}


-- Functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names too: `let`


	--[[ Module's private environment ]]--
	--------------------------------------


-- Hard-coded name of the module (to avoid going through `frame:getTitle()`)
local modulename = 'Module:Params'


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the `frame.args`
-- metatable to be copied into a regular table; if they are modifiers they also
-- guarantee that they will make their own (modified) copy available
local refpipe = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	--coins = true,
	count = true,
	evaluating = true,
	for_each = true,
	list = true,
	list_values = true,
	list_maybe_with_names = true,
	value_of = true
}


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the
-- `frame:getParent().args` metatable to be copied into a regular table; if 
-- they are modifiers they also guarantee that they will make their own
-- (modified) copy available
local refparams = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	combining = true,
	combining_by_calling = true,
	combining_values = true,
	concat_and_call = true,
	concat_and_invoke = true,
	concat_and_magic = true,
	count = true,
	grouping_by_calling = true,
	mixing_names_and_values = true,
	renaming_by_mixing = true,
	renaming_to_sequence = true,
	renaming_to_uppercase = true,
	renaming_to_lowercase = true,
	--renaming_to_values = true,
	shifting = true,
	splicing = true,
	--swapping_names_and_values = true,
	value_of = true,
	with_name_matching = true
}


-- Maximum number of numeric parameters that can be filled, if missing (we
-- chose an arbitrary number for this constant; you can discuss about its
-- optimal value at Module talk:Params)
local maxfill = 1024


-- The private table of functions
local library = {}


-- Functions and modifiers that can only be invoked in first position
local static_iface = {}


-- Create a new context
local function context_new (child_frame)
	local ctx = {}
	ctx.frame = child_frame:getParent()
	ctx.opipe = child_frame.args
	ctx.oparams = ctx.frame.args
	ctx.firstposonly = static_iface
	ctx.iterfunc = pairs
	ctx.sorttype = 0
	ctx.n_parents = 0
	ctx.n_children = 0
	ctx.n_available = maxfill
	return ctx
end


-- Move to the next action within the user-given list
local function context_iterate (ctx, n_forward)
	local nextfn
	if ctx.pipe[n_forward] ~= nil then
		nextfn = ctx.pipe[n_forward]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	if nextfn == nil then error(modulename ..
		': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
	if library[nextfn] == nil then
		if ctx.firstposonly[nextfn] == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. nextfn .. '’ does not exist', 0)
		else error(modulename .. ': The ‘' .. nextfn ..
			'’ directive can only appear in first position', 0)
		end
	end
	remove_numeric_keys(ctx.pipe, 1, n_forward)
	return library[nextfn]
end


-- Main loop
local function main_loop (ctx, start_with)
	local fn = start_with
	repeat fn = fn(ctx) until not fn
	if ctx.n_parents &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': One or more ‘merging_substack’ directives are missing', 0) end
	if ctx.n_children &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		', For some of the snapshots either the ‘flushing’ directive is missing or a group has not been properly closed with ‘merging_substack’', 0) end
end


-- Load a `setting`-like directive string into the `dest` table
local function set_strings (dest, opts, start_from)
	local cmd
	if opts[start_from] == nil then return start_from - 1 end
	cmd = opts[start_from]:gsub('%s+', ''):gsub('/+', '/')
		:match'^/*(.*[^/])'
	if cmd == nil then return start_from end
	local amap, sep, argc = {}, string.byte('/'), start_from + 1
	local vname
	local chr
	for idx = 1, #cmd do
		chr = cmd:byte(idx)
		if chr == sep then
			for key, val in ipairs(amap) do
				dest[val] = opts[argc]
				amap[key] = nil
			end
			argc = argc + 1
		else
			vname = memoryslots[string.char(chr)]
			if vname == nil then error(modulename ..
				', ‘setting’: Unknown slot ‘' ..
				string.char(chr) .. '’', 0) end
			table.insert(amap, vname)
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(amap) do dest[val] = opts[argc] end
	return argc
end


-- Add a new stack of parameters to `ctx.children`
local function push_cloned_stack (ctx, tbl)
	local newparams = {}
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { newparams }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = newparams end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
end


-- Parse a raw argument containing a `sortfunctions` directive, or
-- `'without_sorting'`, or `nil`
local function load_sort_opt (raw_arg)
	if raw_arg == nil then return nil, 1, false end
	local tmp = raw_arg:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if tmp == 'without_sorting' then return nil, 2, false end
	tmp = sortfunctions[tmp]
	if tmp == nil then return nil, 1, false end
	return tmp or nil, 2, true
end


-- Parse optional user arguments of type `...|[let]|[...][number of additional
-- parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]`
local function load_child_opts (src, start_from, append_after)
	local tbl, pin = {}, start_from
	local names
	if src[pin] ~= nil and src[pin]:match'^%s*let%s*$' and
		src[pin + 1] ~= nil and src[pin + 2] ~= nil
	then
		names = {}
		repeat
			names[get_parameter_name(src[pin + 1])] = src[pin + 2]
			pin = pin + 3
		until src[pin] == nil or not src[pin]:match'^%s*let%s*$' or
			src[pin + 1] == nil or src[pin + 2] == nil
	end
	local tmp = tonumber(src[pin])
	if tmp ~= nil and math.floor(tmp) == tmp then
		if tmp &lt; 0 then tmp = -1 end
		local shf = append_after - pin
		for idx = pin + 1, pin + tmp do tbl[idx + shf] = src[idx] end
		pin = pin + tmp + 1
	end
	if names ~= nil then
		for key, val in pairs(names) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return tbl, pin
end


-- Load the optional arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*`
-- class of modifiers
local function load_callback_opts (src, n_skip, default_style)
	local style
	local shf
	local tmp = src[n_skip + 1]
	if tmp ~= nil then style = mapping_styles[tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if style == nil then style, shf = default_style, n_skip - 1
	else shf = n_skip end
	local n_exist, karg, varg = style[3], style[4], style[5]
	tmp = style[6]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		karg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if karg == '0' or karg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			karg = tonumber(karg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, karg)
		end
	end
	tmp = style[7]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		varg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if varg == '0' or varg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			varg = tonumber(varg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, varg)
		end
	end
	local dest, nargs = load_child_opts(src, style[2] + shf, n_exist)
	tmp = style[1]
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 2) and dest[karg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 2 end
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 1) and dest[varg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 1 end
	return dest, nargs, tmp, karg, varg
end


-- Parse the arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of
-- modifiers
local function load_replace_args (opts, whoami)
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No pattern string was given', 0) end
	if opts[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No replacement string was given', 0) end
	local ptn, repl, nmax, argc = opts[1], opts[2], tonumber(opts[3]), 3
	if nmax ~= nil or (opts[3] or ''):match'^%s*$' ~= nil then argc = 4 end
	local flg = opts[argc]
	if flg ~= nil then flg = mkeywords[flg:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if flg == 0 then flg = nil elseif flg ~= nil then argc = argc + 1 end
	return ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, (nmax ~= nil and nmax &lt; 1) or
		(flg == 3 and ptn == repl)
end


-- Parse the arguments of the `with_*_matching` class of modifiers
local function load_pattern_args (opts, whoami)
	local ptns, state, nptns, cnt = {}, 0, 0, 1
	local keyw
	for _, val in ipairs(opts) do
		if state == 0 then
			nptns, state = nptns + 1, -1
			ptns[nptns] = { val, false, false }
		else
			keyw = val:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if keyw == nil or mkeywords[keyw] == nil or (
				state &gt; 0 and mkeywords[keyw] &gt; 0
			) then break
			else
				state = mkeywords[keyw]
				if state &gt; 1 then ptns[nptns][2] = true end
				if state == 3 then ptns[nptns][3] = true end
			end
		end
		cnt = cnt + 1
	end
	if state == 0 then error(modulename .. ', ‘' .. whoami ..
		'’: No pattern was given', 0) end
	return ptns, nptns, cnt
end


-- Load the optional arguments of the `parsing` and `reinterpreting` modifiers
local function load_parse_opts (opts, start_from, isp, psp)
	local tmp
	local optslots, noptslots, argc = { true, true, true }, 3, start_from
	local trimn, trimu, iplain, pplain = true, false, true, true
	repeat
		noptslots, tmp = noptslots - 1, opts[argc]
		if tmp == nil then break end
		tmp = tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if optslots[1] ~= nil and trim_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			tmp = trim_parse_opts[tmp]
			trimn, trimu = tmp[1], tmp[2]
			optslots[1] = nil
		elseif optslots[2] ~= nil and isep_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			iplain, isp = isep_parse_opts[tmp], opts[argc]
			optslots[2] = nil
		elseif optslots[3] ~= nil and psep_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			pplain, psp = psep_parse_opts[tmp], opts[argc]
			optslots[3] = nil
		else break end
		argc = argc + 1
	until noptslots &lt; 1
	return isp, iplain, psp, pplain, trimn, trimu, argc
end


-- Map parameters' values using a custom callback and a referenced table
local value_maps = {
	[0] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = fn() end
	end,
	[1] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end
}


-- Private table for `map_names()`
local name_thieves = {
	[0] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[1] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end
}


-- Map parameters' names using a custom callback and a referenced table
local function map_names (tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, fn)
	local cache = {}
	name_thieves[looptype](cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Return a new table that contains `src` regrouped according to the numeric
-- suffixes in its keys
local function make_groups (src)
	-- NOTE: `src` might be the original metatable!
	local prefix
	local gid
	local groups = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		-- `key` must only be a string or a number...
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			prefix, gid = key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*(%-?%d*)%s*$'
			gid = tonumber(gid) or ''
		else
			prefix = ''
			gid = key
		end
		if groups[gid] == nil then groups[gid] = {} end
		if prefix == '0' or prefix:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			prefix = tonumber(prefix)
			if prefix &lt; 1 then prefix = prefix - 1 end
		end
		groups[gid][prefix] = val
	end
	return groups
end


-- Split into parts a string containing the `$#` and `$@` placeholders and
-- return the information as a skeleton table, a canvas table and a length
local function parse_placeholder_string (target)
	local skel = {}
	local canvas = {}
	local idx = 1
	local s_pos = 1
	local e_pos = string.find(target, '%$[@#]', 1, false)
	while e_pos ~= nil do
		canvas[idx] = target:sub(s_pos, e_pos - 1)
		skel[idx + 1] = target:sub(e_pos, e_pos + 1) == '$@'
		idx = idx + 2
		s_pos = e_pos + 2
		e_pos = string.find(target, '%$[@#]', s_pos, false)
	end
	if (s_pos &gt; target:len()) then idx = idx - 1
	else canvas[idx] = target:sub(s_pos) end
	return skel, canvas, idx
end


-- Populate a table by parsing a parameter string
local function parse_parameter_string (tbl, str, isp, ipl, psp, ppl, trn, tru)
	local key
	local val
	local spos1
	local spos2
	local pos1
	local pos2
	local pos3 = 0
	local idx = 1
	local lenplone = #str + 1
	if isp == nil or isp == '' then
		if psp == nil or psp == '' then
			if tru then tbl[idx] = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else tbl[idx] = str end
			return idx
		end
		spos1, spos2 = str:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else val = str end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = get_parameter_name(str:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = str:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
		return idx
	end
	if psp == nil or psp == '' then
		repeat
			pos1 = pos3 + 1
			pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
			val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			tbl[idx] = val
			idx = idx + 1
		until pos2 == nil
		return idx
	end
	repeat
		pos1 = pos3 + 1
		pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
		val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
		spos1, spos2 = val:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = get_parameter_name(val:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = val:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
	until pos2 == nil
	return idx
end


-- Heavy lifting for `combining` and `combining_values`
local function combine_parameters (ctx, keyval_fn, whoami)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! This function
	-- MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local vars = {}
	local sortfn, tmp, do_sort = load_sort_opt(opts[2])
	local argc = set_strings(vars, opts, tmp + 1)
	if argc &lt; tmp then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No setting directive was given', 0) end
	tmp = true
	for _ in pairs(tbl) do
		tmp = false
		break
	end
	if tmp then
		if vars.ifngiven ~= nil then
			ctx.params = {
				[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = vars.ifngiven
			}
		elseif tbl == ctx.oparams then ctx.params = {} end
		return argc
	end
	local cache
	local len
	if do_sort then
		local words
		cache, words, len, tmp = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, tmp do cache[len + idx] = words[idx] end
		len = len + tmp
	else
		cache = {}
		len = 0
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			len = len + 1
			cache[len] = key
		end
	end
	local pmap, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, vars.pairsep or '', vars.itersep or ''
	for idx = 1, len do
		tmp = cache[idx]
		pmap[nss + 1] = pps
		pmap[nss + 2] = keyval_fn(tmp, tbl[tmp], kvs)
		nss = nss + 2
	end
	tmp = vars.oxfordsep or vars.lastsep
	if tmp ~= nil and nss &gt; 4 then pmap[nss - 1] = tmp
	elseif nss &gt; 2 and vars.lastsep ~= nil then
		pmap[nss - 1] = vars.lastsep
	end
	pmap[1] = vars.header or ''
	if vars.footer ~= nil then pmap[nss + 1] = vars.footer end
	ctx.params = { [get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = table.concat(pmap) }
	return argc
end


-- Concatenate the numeric keys from the table of parameters to the numeric
-- keys from the table of options; non-numeric keys from the table of options
-- will prevail over colliding non-numeric keys from the table of parameters
local function concat_params (ctx)
	local retval, tbl, nmax = {}, ctx.params, table.maxn(ctx.pipe)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		-- We need only the sequence
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do retval[key + nmax] = val end
	else
		if ctx.subset == -1 then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				retval[key + nmax] = val
			else retval[key] = val end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do retval[key] = val end
	return retval
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling a custom function for each value (after this
-- function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function flush_params (ctx, fn)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
			for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
			return
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset ~= -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling one of two custom functions for each value
-- (after this function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function mixed_flush_params (ctx, fn_seq, fn_oth)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(ctx.params) do fn_seq(key, val) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		flush_params(ctx, fn_oth)
		return
	end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, natural_sort)
		local sequence = {}
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do sequence[key] = val end
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do
			if sequence[nums[idx]] then
				fn_seq(nums[idx], sequence[nums[idx]])
			else
				fn_oth(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]])
			end
		end
		if ctx.sorttype ~= 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		end
		return
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
		fn_seq(key, val)
		tbl[key] = nil
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn_oth(key, val) end
end


-- Finalize and return a concatenated list
local function finalize_and_return_concatenated_list (ctx, lst, len, modsize)
	if len &gt; 0 then
		local tmp = ctx.oxfordsep or ctx.lastsep
		if tmp ~= nil and len &gt; modsize * 2 then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = tmp
		elseif len &gt; modsize and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		lst[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then lst[len + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(lst)
	else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
end


	--[[ Modifiers ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sequential|pipe to
library.sequential = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘sequential’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘non-sequential’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ and ‘reassorted’ directives are redundant when followed by ‘sequential’', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc = ipairs
	ctx.subset = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|non-sequential|pipe to
library['non-sequential'] = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘non-sequential’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘non-sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc = pairs
	ctx.subset = -1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|all_sorted|pipe to
library.all_sorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘reassorted’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassorted|pipe to
library.reassorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘reassorted’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 2
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting|directives|...|pipe to
library.setting = function (ctx)
	local argc = set_strings(ctx, ctx.pipe, 1)
	if argc &lt; 2 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘setting’: No directive was given', 0) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|scoring|new parameter name|pipe to
library.scoring = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘scoring’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local retval = 0
	for _ in pairs(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	ctx.params[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = tostring(retval)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|squeezing|pipe to
library.squeezing = function (ctx)
	local store, indices, tbl, newlen = {}, {}, ctx.params, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			newlen = newlen + 1
			indices[newlen] = key
			store[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	table.sort(indices)
	for idx = 1, newlen do tbl[idx] = store[indices[idx]] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|filling_the_gaps|pipe to
library.filling_the_gaps = function (ctx)
	local tbl, tmp, nmin, nmax, nnums = ctx.params, {}, 1, nil, -1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmax == nil then
				if key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
				nmax = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
			nnums = nnums + 1
			tmp[key] = val
		end
	end
	if nmax ~= nil and nmax - nmin &gt; nnums then
		ctx.n_available = ctx.n_available + nmin + nnums - nmax
		if ctx.n_available &lt; 0 then error(modulename ..
			', ‘filling_the_gaps’: It is possible to fill at most ' ..
			tostring(maxfill) .. ' parameters', 0) end
		for idx = nmin, nmax, 1 do tbl[idx] = '' end
		for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|clearing|pipe to
library.clearing = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local numerics = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(numerics) do tbl[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cutting|left cut|right cut|pipe to
library.cutting = function (ctx)
	local lcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Left cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Right cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local len = #tbl
	if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
	if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
	local tot = lcut + rcut
	if tot &gt; 0 then
		local cache = {}
		if tot &gt;= len then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
			tot = len
		else
			for idx = len - rcut + 1, len, 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = 1, lcut, 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				if key &gt; len then cache[key - tot] = val
				else cache[key - lcut] = val end
				tbl[key] = nil
			end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cropping|left crop|right crop|pipe to
library.cropping = function (ctx)
	local lcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Left crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Right crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmin
	local nmax
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmin == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	if nmin ~= nil then
		local len = nmax - nmin + 1
		if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
		if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
		if lcut + rcut - len &gt; -1 then
			for key in pairs(tbl) do
				if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key] = nil end
			end
		elseif lcut + rcut &gt; 0 then
			for idx = nmax - rcut + 1, nmax do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = nmin, nmin + lcut - 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			local lshift = nmin + lcut - 1
			if lshift &gt; 0 then
				for idx = lshift + 1, nmax, 1 do
					tbl[idx - lshift] = tbl[idx]
					tbl[idx] = nil
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|purging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.purging = function (ctx)
	local idx = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if idx == nil or math.floor(idx) ~= idx then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &lt; 1 then
		len = len + table.maxn(tbl)
		if idx &gt; len then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		len = len - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(tbl, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|backpurging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.backpurging = function (ctx)
	local last = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if last == nil or math.floor(last) ~= last then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local idx
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &gt; 0 then
		idx = last - len + 1
	else
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and (idx == nil or
				key &lt; idx) then idx = key end
		end
		if idx == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		idx = idx - len
		if last &lt; idx then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		len = last - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(ctx.params, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|shifting|addend|pipe to
library.shifting = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local nshift = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if nshift == nil or nshift == 0 or math.floor(nshift) ~= nshift then
		error(modulename .. ', ‘shifting’: A non-zero integer number must be provided', 0) end
	local tbl = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key + nshift] = val
		else tbl[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reversing_numeric_names|pipe to
library.reversing_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics, nmax = ctx.params, {}, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax - key + 1] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pivoting_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.pivoting_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local shift = #tbl + 1
	if shift &lt; 2 then return library.reversing_numeric_names(ctx) end
	local numerics = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[shift - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mirroring_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.mirroring_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics = ctx.params, {}
	local nmax
	local nmin
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
			if nmax == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax + nmin - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, cache, nsize = ctx.params, {}, 0
	local tmp
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			nsize = nsize + 1
			cache[nsize] = key
		end
	end
	table.sort(cache)
	for idx = math.floor(nsize / 2), 1, -1 do
		tmp = tbl[cache[idx] ]
		tbl[cache[idx] ] = tbl[cache[nsize - idx + 1] ]
		tbl[cache[nsize - idx + 1] ] = tmp
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sorting_sequential_values|[criterion]|pipe to
library.sorting_sequential_values = function (ctx)
	local sortfn
	if ctx.pipe[1] ~= nil then
		sortfn = sortfunctions[ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$']
	end
	if sortfn then table.sort(ctx.params, sortfn)
	else table.sort(ctx.params) end -- i.e. either `false` or `nil`
	if sortfn == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, 1) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|splicing|[add to position]|position|increment|
--            [number of elements to write]|...|pipe to
library.splicing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, tbl = ctx.pipe, ctx.params
	local tmp1 = opts[1]
	local tmp2
	local argc
	local pos
	local refp
	if tmp1 ~= nil then
		tmp2 = tonumber(tmp1)
		if tmp2 == nil or math.floor(tmp2) ~= tmp2 then
			pos, argc, tmp2 = tonumber(opts[2]), 4,
				tmp1:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if tmp2 ~= nil then
				refp = position_references[tmp2]
				if refp == nil then error(modulename ..
					', ‘splicing’: ‘' .. tostring(tmp2) ..
					'’ is not a valid first argument', 0) end
			else refp = 0 end
		else pos, argc, refp = tmp2, 3, 0 end
	else pos, argc, refp = tonumber(opts[2]), 4, 0 end
	if pos == nil or math.floor(pos) ~= pos then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The position must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[argc - 1])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The increment must be an integer number', 0) end
	if refp == 2 then
		for _ in ipairs(tbl) do pos = pos + 1 end
		refp = 0
	end
	tmp1, tmp2 = nil, nil
	if refp ~= 0 or len ~= 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' then
				if tmp1 == nil then tmp1, tmp2 = key, key
				elseif key &lt; tmp1 then tmp1 = key
				elseif key &gt; tmp2 then tmp2 = key end
			end
		end
	end
	if tmp2 == nil then len = 0
	elseif refp == 3 then pos = pos + tmp2
	elseif refp == 1 then pos = pos + tmp1 end
	if len &gt; 0 and pos + len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_expanded(tbl, pos, len)
	elseif len &lt; 0 and pos - len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_reduced(tbl, pos, -len)
	else tbl = copy_or_ref_table(tbl, tbl ~= ctx.oparams) end
	ctx.params = tbl
	tmp1 = tonumber(opts[argc])
	if len == 0 and (tmp1 == nil or tmp1 &lt; 1) then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: When the increment is zero the number of elements to add cannot be zero', 0) end
	if tmp1 == nil or tmp1 &lt; 0 or math.floor(tmp1) ~= tmp1 then
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	tmp2 = argc - pos + 1
	for key = pos, pos + tmp1 - 1 do tbl[key] = opts[key + tmp2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + tmp1 + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|imposing|name|value|pipe to
library.imposing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘imposing’: Missing parameter name to impose', 0) end
	ctx.params[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = ctx.pipe[2]
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|providing|name|value|pipe to
library.providing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘providing’: Missing parameter name to provide', 0) end
	local key = get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])
	if ctx.params[key] == nil then ctx.params[key] = ctx.pipe[2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|discarding|name|[how many]|pipe to
library.discarding = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: Missing parameter name to discard', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil then
		ctx.params[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = nil
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local key = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if key == nil or math.floor(key) ~= key then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range was provided, but the initial parameter name is not an integer number', 0) end
	if len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range can only be an integer number greater than zero', 0) end
	for idx = key, key + len - 1 do ctx.params[idx] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_non-numeric_names|pipe to
library['excluding_non-numeric_names'] = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_numeric_names|pipe to
library.excluding_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]
--            |[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_name_matching = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_name_matching')
	local tmp
	local ptn
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local newparams = {}
	for idx = 1, nptns do
		ptn = targets[idx]
		if ptn[3] then
			tmp = ptn[1]
			if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
				tmp = tonumber(tmp)
			end
			newparams[tmp] = tbl[tmp]
		else
			for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
				if tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
					newparams[key] = val
				end
			end
		end
	end
	ctx.params = newparams
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]
--            |[and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_name_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_name_not_matching')
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if nptns == 1 and targets[1][3] then
		local tmp = targets[1][1]
		if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			tbl[tonumber(tmp)] = nil
		else tbl[tmp] = nil end
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	local yesmatch
	local ptn
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if tostring(key) ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]
--            |[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_value_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_value_matching')
	local nomatch
	local ptn
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		nomatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val == ptn[1] then
					nomatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				nomatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if nomatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]
--            |[and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_value_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_value_not_matching')
	local yesmatch
	local ptn
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|trimming_values|pipe to
library.trimming_values = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:lower() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:upper() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional parameters]|[parameter
--            1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	local model = { title = tname, args = margs }
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 2,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = margs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, margs)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, 'mapping_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if val == ptn then tbl[key] = repl end
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			tbl[key] = val:gsub(ptn, repl, nmax)
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.mapping_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local mix = ctx.pipe[1]
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if mix == '$#' then
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = tostring(key) end
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
			if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
		end
		tbl[key] = table.concat(cnv)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_names|pipe to
--[[
library.mapping_to_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = tostring(key) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:lower()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:upper()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_sequence|[sort order]|pipe to
library.renaming_to_sequence = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local sortfn, argc, do_sort = load_sort_opt(ctx.pipe[1])
	local cache
	local len
	if do_sort then
		local words
		local wl
		cache, words, len, wl = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, len do cache[idx] = tbl[cache[idx]] end
		for idx = 1, wl do cache[len + idx] = tbl[words[idx]] end
	else
		cache = {}
		len = 0
		for _, val in pairs(tbl) do
			len = len + 1
			cache[len] = val
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional parameters]|[parameter
--            1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	local model = { title = tname, args = rargs }
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 2,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = rargs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, rargs)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, 'renaming_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		ptn = get_parameter_name(ptn)
		local val = tbl[ptn]
		if val ~= nil then
			tbl[ptn] = nil
			tbl[get_parameter_name(repl)] = val
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		local cache = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache,
				tostring(key):gsub(ptn, repl, nmax))
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.renaming_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local mix = ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	local cache = {}
	local tmp
	if mix == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_parameter_name(val)] = val
		end
	else
		local skel, canvas, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
				if skel[idx] then canvas[idx] = val
				else canvas[idx] = tostring(key) end
			end
			cache[get_parameter_name(table.concat(canvas))] = val
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_values|pipe to
--[[
library.renaming_to_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[val] = val end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|grouping_by_calling|template
--            name|[let]|[...]|[number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.grouping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tmp
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tmp = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘grouping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local tmp, argc = load_child_opts(opts, 2, 0)
	local gargs = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &lt; 1 then gargs[key - 1] = val
		else gargs[key] = val end
	end
	local groups = make_groups(ctx.params)
	for gid, group in pairs(groups) do
		for key, val in pairs(gargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0] = gid
		model.args = group
		groups[gid] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end
	ctx.params = groups
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|parsing|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.parsing = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘parsing’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2, '|', '=')
	parse_parameter_string(ctx.params, opts[1], isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
		trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reinterpreting|parameter to reinterpret|[trim
--            flag]|[iteration delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter
--            setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.reinterpreting = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reinterpreting’: No parameter to reinterpret was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2, '|', '=')
	local tbl, tmp = ctx.params, get_parameter_name(opts[1])
	local str = tbl[tmp]
	if str ~= nil then
		tbl[tmp] = nil
		parse_parameter_string(tbl, str, isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
			trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|evaluating|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.evaluating = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘evaluating’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2, '!', ':')
	if opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' == nil then
		ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(opts, opts ~= ctx.opipe)
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	local new_opts, cache = {}, {}
	local shift = parse_parameter_string(cache, opts[1], isep, iplain,
		psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed) - argc
	for key, val in pairs(opts) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; 1 then new_opts[key] = val
		elseif key &gt;= argc then new_opts[key + shift] = val end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do new_opts[key] = val end
	ctx.pipe = new_opts
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mixing_names_and_values|mixing string|pipe to
library.mixing_names_and_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter names', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter values', 0) end
	local cache = {}
	local mix_k, mix_v = ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$', ctx.pipe[2]
	local tmp
	if mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_parameter_name(val)] = val
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_parameter_name(val)] = tostring(key)
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$#' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[key] = tostring(key) end
	else
		local skel_k, cnv_k, n_parts_k = parse_placeholder_string(mix_k)
		local skel_v, cnv_v, n_parts_v = parse_placeholder_string(mix_v)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			tmp = tostring(key)
			for idx = 2, n_parts_k, 2 do
				if skel_k[idx] then cnv_k[idx] = val else cnv_k[idx] = tmp end
			end
			for idx = 2, n_parts_v, 2 do
				if skel_v[idx] then cnv_v[idx] = val else cnv_v[idx] = tmp end
			end
			cache[get_parameter_name(table.concat(cnv_k))] =
				table.concat(cnv_v)
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping_names_and_values|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping_names_and_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[val] = key end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining|new parameter name|[sort order]|setting
--            directives|...|pipe to
library.combining = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return key .. kvs .. val end,
		'combining'
	) + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_values|new parameter name|[sort
--            order]|setting directives|...|pipe to
library.combining_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return val end,
		'combining_values'
	) + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_calling|template name|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tname = ctx.pipe[1]
	if tname ~= nil then tname = tname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[2])] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
			title = tname,
			args = ctx.params
		}
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_invoking|module name|function name|new
--            parameter name|pipe to
library.combining_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local mname = ctx.pipe[1]
	if mname ~= nil then mname = mname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = ctx.pipe[2]
	if fname ~= nil then fname = fname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[3] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = ctx.params }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[3])] =
			tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 4)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_magic|parser function|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local magic = ctx.pipe[1]
	if magic ~= nil then magic = magic:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[2])] =
			ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, ctx.params)
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|snapshotting|pipe to
library.snapshotting = function (ctx)
	push_cloned_stack(ctx, ctx.params)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|remembering|pipe to
library.remembering = function (ctx)
	push_cloned_stack(ctx, ctx.oparams)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|entering_substack|[new]|pipe to
library.entering_substack = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents + 1
	if ctx.parents == nil then ctx.parents = { tbl }
	else ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = tbl end
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent
	if ctx.pipe[1] ~= nil and ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*new%s*$' then
		ctx.params = {}
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	if currsnap &gt; 0 then
		ctx.params = ctx.children[currsnap]
		ctx.children[currsnap] = nil
		ctx.n_children = currsnap - 1
	else
		local newparams = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
		ctx.params = newparams
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pulling|parameter name|pipe to
library.pulling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pulling’: No parameter to pull was provided', 0) end
	local parent
	local tmp = ctx.n_parents
	if tmp &lt; 1 then parent = ctx.oparams else parent = ctx.parents[tmp] end
	tmp = get_parameter_name(opts[1])
	if parent[tmp] ~= nil then ctx.params[tmp] = parent[tmp] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|detaching_substack|pipe to
library.detaching_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘detaching_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	for key in pairs(ctx.params) do parent[key] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|dropping_substack|pipe to
library.dropping_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘dropping_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	ctx.params = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|leaving_substack|pipe to
library.leaving_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘leaving_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { ctx.params }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = ctx.params end
	ctx.params = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|merging_substack|pipe to
library.merging_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘merging_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	local child = ctx.params
	ctx.params = parent
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	for key, val in pairs(child) do parent[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|flushing|pipe to
library.flushing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘flushing’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.params
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.children[currsnap]) do parent[key] = val end
	ctx.children[currsnap] = nil
	ctx.n_children = currsnap - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


	--[[ Functions ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|count
library.count = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local retval = 0
	for _ in ctx.iterfunc(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then retval = retval - #ctx.params end
	ctx.text = retval
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_call|template name|[prepend 1]|[prepend 2]
--            |[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=value
--            n]|[...]
library.concat_and_call = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_call’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
		title = tname,
		args = concat_params(ctx)
	}
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_invoke|module name|function name|[prepend
--            1]|[prepend 2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            item n=value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_invoke = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 2)
	local mfunc = require('Module:' .. mname)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.text = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild{
		title = 'Module:' .. mname,
		args = concat_params(ctx)
	})
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_magic|parser function|[prepend 1]|[prepend
--            2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=
--            value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, concat_params(ctx))
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|value_of|parameter name
library.value_of = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘value_of’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local val
	local key = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if key == '0' or key:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
		key = tonumber(key)
		val = ctx.params[key]
		-- No worries: #ctx.params is unused when the modifier is in
		-- first position (and therefore `ctx.params` is a metatable)
		if val ~= nil and (
			ctx.subset ~= -1 or key &gt; #ctx.params or key &lt; 1
		) and (
			ctx.subset ~= 1 or (key &lt;= #ctx.params and key &gt; 0)
		) then
			ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	else
		val = ctx.params[key]
		if ctx.subset ~= 1 and val ~= nil then
			ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	end
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list
library.list = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = key
			ret[nss + 3] = kvs
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_values
library.list_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	-- NOTE: `library.coins()` and `library.unique_coins()` rely on us
	local ret, nss, pps = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = val
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_maybe_with_names
library.list_maybe_with_names = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	mixed_flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = ''
			ret[nss + 3] = ''
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = key
			ret[nss + 3] = kvs
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|coins|[first coin = value 1]|[second coin = value
--            2]|[...]|[last coin = value N]
--[[
library.coins = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, tbl = ctx.pipe, ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = opts[get_parameter_name(val)] end
	return library.list_values(ctx)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|unique_coins|[first coin = value 1]|[second coin =
--            value 2]|[...]|[last coin = value N]
library.unique_coins = function (ctx)
	local opts, tbl = ctx.pipe, ctx.params
	local tmp
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		tmp = get_parameter_name(val)
		tbl[key] = opts[tmp]
		opts[tmp] = nil
	end
	return library.list_values(ctx)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|for_each|wikitext
library.for_each = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local ret, nss, pps, txt = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or '', ctx.pipe[1] or ''
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(txt)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
				if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val
				else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
			end
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = table.concat(cnv)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each|template name|[append 1]|[append 2]
--            |[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tname, args = opts }
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	table.insert(opts, 1, true)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each|module name|module function|[append
--            1]|[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]
--            |[named param n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = opts }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]

	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each|parser function|[append 1]|[append 2]
--            |[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	table.insert(opts, 1, true)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, opts)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_value|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_value’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tname, args = opts }
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each_value|module name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = opts }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each_value|parser function|[append 1]
--            |[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            param n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each_value’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, opts)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_group|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_group = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tmp
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tmp = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_group’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local opts, ret, nss, ccs = {}, {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then opts[key - 1] = val
		else opts[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.pipe = opts
	ctx.params = make_groups(ctx.params)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (gid, group)
			for key, val in pairs(opts) do group[key] = val end
			group[0] = gid
			model.args = group
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


	---                                        ---
	---     PUBLIC ENVIRONMENT                 ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ First-position-only modifiers ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|new|pipe to
static_iface.new = function (child_frame)
	local ctx = context_new(child_frame)
	ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.opipe, false)
	ctx.params = {}
	main_loop(ctx, context_iterate(ctx, 1))
	return ctx.text
end


	--[[ First-position-only functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|self
static_iface.self = function (frame)
	return frame:getParent():getTitle()
end


	--[[ Public metatable of functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


return setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function (_, query)
		local fname = query:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
			': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
		local func = static_iface[fname]
		if func ~= nil then return func end
		func = library[fname]
		if func == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
		return function (child_frame)
			local ctx = context_new(child_frame)
			ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.opipe, refpipe[fname])
			ctx.params = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.oparams, refparams[fname])
			main_loop(ctx, func)
			return ctx.text
		end
	end
})</text>
      <sha1>km4whdg21r02vb25s045d3k1i72yr6b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Желек</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>97563</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T20:01:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thebestwriterinnamibia</username>
        <id>17722</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Создано переводом страницы «[[:es:Special:Redirect/revision/173961122|Jelek]]»</comment>
      <origin>97563</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8623" sha1="r11suyhllk64wgf2571vtpjrywwjpkc" xml:space="preserve">'''Jelek''' (стилизованный '''JELEK''' ; юридическ

{{Компания|цІар=Jelek|логотип=Jelek's Official Logo.jpg|логотипалъул_кІодолъи=200px|тайпа=Хасаб компания|расмияб_цІар=Jelek SRL|индустрия=[[Недвижимость]]|кьучІ_лъуна=2026 сон|кьучІ_лъурал=Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман|штаб-квартира=[[Офра]], [[Израиль]]|хІалтІулеб_бакІ=Израиль ва [[Латин Америка]]|хъулухъал=Инвестициябазул нухмалъи|сайт={{URL|https://www.jelek.co}}}}

'''Jelek''' (стилизация '''JELEK'''; расмияб цІар '''Jelek SRL''') — [[Израиль|Израилалда]] бугеб недвижимостьалъул хъулухъал гьабулеб компания. Гьелъул аслияб хӀалтӀи буго [[Латин Америка|Латин Американалъул]] инвесторазе, Израилалда ругел минаби росизе кумек гьаби.{{cite web|title=Comprar en Israel sin hablar hebreo ni pisar el país: la firma que abre su mercado inmobiliario a los inversores latinoamericanos|url=https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/|date=10 июнь 2026|work=Vis-à-Vis|access-date=15 июнь 2026|lang=es}} Компаниялъул кьучӀ лъуна 2026 соналъ, Израилалде гочарал Латин Американалъул гӀадамаз.

== Тарих ==
Jelek-алъул кьучӀ лъуна Латин Американалдаса Израилалде гочарал махщелчабаз, гьезда гьоркьоб руго экономист Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман. 2026 соналъул июнь моцӀалда ''Vis-à-Vis'' газеталъ лъазабухъе, компаниялъ байбихьана [[Мексика]], [[Аргентина]], [[Бразилия]] ва [[Панама]] пачалихъаздаса инвесторазе хӀалтӀизе, испан ва португал мацӀазда хъулухъ гьабулаго.

== Хъулухъал ва хIалтIи ==
Jelek-алъ инвесторазе нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ чIезабула. Инвесторасул гIарац бихьизабун, компаниялъ росиялъул киналго бутIаби тIурала: мина тIаса бищи, роси, банк ва къануналъул ишал, гьединго ижара балагьи. Киналго кагътал инвесторасул мацIалде таржама гьабула.{{cite web|title=JELEK · Inversiones Inmobiliarias en Israel|url=https://www.jelek.co/|website=jelek.co|access-date=15 июнь 2026|lang=es}}

Гьединго, компаниялъ гъаримазе израилалъул ипотека (гьениб ''машканта'' абула) росизе кумек гьабула, минаялъул багьаялъул процент бецIизе.

Компаниялъ гьабулеб хIалтIуда гъорлъ буго халатаб заманалъ ижараялъе кьей, къокъаб заманалъ кьей ([[Airbnb]] къагIида), цIиял минаби роси ва цIигьариялъул проектал (''pinui binui''), гьеб буго басриял минабазул бакIалда цIиял ралеб система.

== Базаралъул ахIвал-хIал ==
Гьал хъулухъал бакки хурхараб буго Латин Американалъул пачалихъазда экономикаялъул хиса-басиял рукIиндал, цебетIурал пачалихъазде гIарац лъезе гьезул рокьи букIиналда. Гьединго, Израилалъул базаралде асар гьабула демографиялъул цIикIкIиналъ. Экономикияб Кумекалъул ва ЦебетIеялъул ГIуцIцIиялъул (OECD) баяназда рекъон, 2023 соналъ Израилалда лъимал гьари цо руччабазе 2,9 букIана. Гьеб буго гьеб гIуцIцIиялда бищун борхатаб даража, ва гьелъ минабазе хIажат чIезабула.{{cite web|title=Israel's birth rate remains highest in OECD by far, at 2.9 children per woman|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/|date=21 июнь 2024|work=The Times of Israel|access-date=15 июнь 2026|lang=en}}{{cite web|title=Reflections on Israel's Exceptional Fertility|url=https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2024/09/95824/|date=8 сентябрь 2024|work=Public Discourse|access-date=15 июнь 2026|lang=en}}

== ХIужжаби ==

== КъватIисел регIелал ==
{{Официалияб сайт|https://www.jelek.co}}

и '''Jelek SRL''' ) — это компания по услугам паслияб бизнес ккола къватӀисел улкабаздаса Израилалда ричча-хисичӀеб къайи босизе къасд гьабулел Латин Америкаялъул инвестораздехун буссун. &lt;ref name=&quot;visavis&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Израилалда ругел Латин Америкаялъул предпринимателаз гӀуцӀараб компаниялъ коммо недвижимости, базирующаяся в [[Исраил|Израиле]] . Гьелъул аслияб бизнес ккола къватӀисел улкабаздаса Израилалда ричча-хисичӀеб къайи босизе къасд гьабулел Латин Америкаялъул инвестораздехун буссун. &lt;ref name=&quot;visavis&quot; /&gt; Израилалда ругел Латин Америкаялъул предпринимателаз гӀуцӀараб компаниялъ коммерциялъулаб хӀалтӀи байбихьана 2026 соналда &lt;ref name=&quot;visavis&quot; /&gt;

«Желек» абураб гӀуцӀиялъе кьучӀ лъуна Латин Америкаялдаса Израилалде эмиграция гьабурал профессионалазул къокъаялъ, гьезда гьоркьор рукӀана экоddddddddномист Ури Штофенмахер ва Матияху Шейтман. &lt;ref name=&quot;visavis&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Vis-à-Vis компаниялъул'' докладалда рекъон, 2026 соналъул июналда, компаниялъ байбихьана операциял [[Мексика|Мексикаялда]], [[Аргентина|Аргентинаялда]], Бразилиялssssssssssssда ва Панамаялда ругел инвестораздехун буссун, испан ва португал мацӀазда квербакъи гьабулаго. &lt;ref name=&quot;visavis&quot; /&gt;

Желекица кьолеб бугин нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ, жиндиръ инвесторас капитал кьолеб ва компаниялъ нухмалъи гьабулеб бугин ричча-хисичӀеб мина-мулкалъул процессалъул батӀи-батӀиял этапазул. Гьелда гъорлъе уна мина-мулк тӀаса бищи, боси-бичи, банказул, юридикиял ва магъалабазул процедураби, гьединго арендаторал ралагьизе ва гьезие нухмалъи гьабизе. &lt;ref name=&quot;visavis&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Кинабго хӀажатаб документация кьола инвесторасул мацӀалде таржама гьабун.</text>
      <sha1>r11suyhllk64wgf2571vtpjrywwjpkc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>97564</id>
      <parentid>97563</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T20:02:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thebestwriterinnamibia</username>
        <id>17722</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>97564</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6030" sha1="d1nodnw5izatqo5x4q7iip7ng9mv6xt" xml:space="preserve">{{Компания
| цІар                  = Jelek
| логотип               = Jelek's Official Logo.jpg
| логотипалъул_кІодолъи = 200px
| тайпа                 = Хасаб компания
| расмияб_цІар          = Jelek SRL
| индустрия             = [[Недвижимость]]
| кьучІ_лъуна           = 2026 сон
| кьучІ_лъурал          = Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман
| штаб-квартира         = [[Офра]], [[Израиль]]
| хІалтІулеб_бакІ       = Израиль ва [[Латин Америка]]
| хъулухъал             = Инвестициябазул нухмалъи
| сайт                  = {{URL|[https://www.jelek.co](https://www.jelek.co)}}
}}

'''Jelek''' (стилизация '''JELEK'''; расмияб цІар '''Jelek SRL''') — [[Израиль|Израилалда]] бугеб недвижимостьалъул хъулухъал гьабулеб компания. Гьелъул аслияб хӀалтӀи буго [[Латин Америка|Латин Американалъул]] инвесторазе, Израилалда ругел минаби росизе кумек гьаби.{{cite web |title=Comprar en Israel sin hablar hebreo ni pisar el país: la firma que abre su mercado inmobiliario a los inversores latinoamericanos |url=[https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/](https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/) |date=10 июнь 2026 |work=Vis-à-Vis |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=es}} Компаниялъул кьучӀ лъуна 2026 соналъ, Израилалде гочарал Латин Американалъул гӀадамаз.

== Тарих ==
Jelek-алъул кьучӀ лъуна Латин Американалдаса Израилалде гочарал махщелчабаз, гьезда гьоркьоб руго экономист Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман. 2026 соналъул июнь моцӀалда ''Vis-à-Vis'' газеталъ лъазабухъе, компаниялъ байбихьана [[Мексика]], [[Аргентина]], [[Бразилия]] ва [[Панама]] пачалихъаздаса инвесторазе хӀалтӀизе, испан ва португал мацӀазда хъулухъ гьабулаго.

== Хъулухъал ва хIалтIи ==
Jelek-алъ инвесторазе нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ чIезабула. Инвесторасул гIарац бихьизабун, компаниялъ росиялъул киналго бутIаби тIурала: мина тIаса бищи, роси, банк ва къануналъул ишал, гьединго ижара балагьи. Киналго кагътал инвесторасул мацIалде таржама гьабула.{{cite web |title=JELEK · Inversiones Inmobiliarias en Israel |url=[https://www.jelek.co/](https://www.jelek.co/) |website=jelek.co |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=es}}

Гьединго, компаниялъ гъаримазе израилалъул ипотека (гьениб ''машканта'' абула) росизе кумек гьабула, минаялъул багьаялъул процент бецIизе.

Компаниялъ гьабулеб хIалтIуда гъорлъ буго халатаб заманалъ ижараялъе кьей, къокъаб заманалъ кьей ([[Airbnb]] къагIида), цIиял минаби роси ва цIигьариялъул проектал (''pinui binui''), гьеб буго басриял минабазул бакIалда цIиял ралеб система.

== Базаралъул ахIвал-хIал ==
Гьал хъулухъал бакки хурхараб буго Латин Американалъул пачалихъазда экономикаялъул хиса-басиял рукIиндал, цебетIурал пачалихъазде гIарац лъезе гьезул рокьи букIиналда. Гьединго, Израилалъул базаралде асар гьабула демографиялъул цIикIкIиналъ. Экономикияб Кумекалъул ва ЦебетIеялъул ГIуцIцIиялъул (OECD) баяназда рекъон, 2023 соналъ Израилалда лъимал гьари цо руччабазе 2,9 букIана. Гьеб буго гьеб гIуцIцIиялда бищун борхатаб даража, ва гьелъ минабазе хIажат чIезабула.{{cite web |title=Israel's birth rate remains highest in OECD by far, at 2.9 children per woman |url=[https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/](https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/) |date=21 июнь 2024 |work=The Times of Israel |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=en}}{{cite web |title=Reflections on Israel's Exceptional Fertility |url=[https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2024/09/95824/](https://www.google.com/search?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepublicdiscourse.com%2F2024%2F09%2F95824%2F) |date=8 сентябрь 2024 |work=Public Discourse |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=en}}

== ХIужжаби ==


== КъватIисел регIелал ==

* {{Официалияб сайт|[https://www.jelek.co](https://www.jelek.co)}}

[[Категория:Израилалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:Недвижимостьалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:2026 соналъ кьучI лъурал компаниял]]</text>
      <sha1>d1nodnw5izatqo5x4q7iip7ng9mv6xt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>97565</id>
      <parentid>97564</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T20:03:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thebestwriterinnamibia</username>
        <id>17722</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>97565</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="6715" sha1="stkx123rj8aej97897fdz5yw6kzts2b" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox vcard&quot; style=&quot;width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px;&quot;
|+ style=&quot;font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; background-color: #e0e0e0; padding: 5px;&quot; | Jelek
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; padding: 10px 0;&quot; | [[Файл:Jelek's Official Logo.jpg|200px|Логотип]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;width: 45%; padding: 3px;&quot; | Тайпа
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хасаб компания
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Расмияб цІар
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Jelek SRL
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Индустрия
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Недвижимость]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъуна
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | 2026 сон
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъурал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Штаб-квартира
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Офра]], [[Израиль]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | ХІалтІулеб бакІ
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Израиль ва [[Латин Америка]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хъулухъал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Инвестициябазул нухмалъи
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Сайт
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [https://www.jelek.co www.jelek.co]
|}

'''Jelek''' (стилизация '''JELEK'''; расмияб цІар '''Jelek SRL''') — [[Израиль|Израилалда]] бугеб недвижимостьалъул хъулухъал гьабулеб компания. Гьелъул аслияб хӀалтӀи буго [[Латин Америка|Латин Американалъул]] инвесторазе, Израилалда ругел минаби росизе кумек гьаби.{{cite web |title=Comprar en Israel sin hablar hebreo ni pisar el país: la firma que abre su mercado inmobiliario a los inversores latinoamericanos |url=[https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/](https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/) |date=10 июнь 2026 |work=Vis-à-Vis |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=es}} Компаниялъул кьучӀ лъуна 2026 соналъ, Израилалде гочарал Латин Американалъул гӀадамаз.

== Тарих ==
Jelek-алъул кьучӀ лъуна Латин Американалдаса Израилалде гочарал махщелчабаз, гьезда гьоркьоб руго экономист Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман. 2026 соналъул июнь моцӀалда ''Vis-à-Vis'' газеталъ лъазабухъе, компаниялъ байбихьана [[Мексика]], [[Аргентина]], [[Бразилия]] ва [[Панама]] пачалихъаздаса инвесторазе хӀалтӀизе, испан ва португал мацӀазда хъулухъ гьабулаго.

== Хъулухъал ва хIалтIи ==
Jelek-алъ инвесторазе нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ чIезабула. Инвесторасул гIарац бихьизабун, компаниялъ росиялъул киналго бутIаби тIурала: мина тIаса бищи, роси, банк ва къануналъул ишал, гьединго ижара балагьи. Киналго кагътал инвесторасул мацIалде таржама гьабула.{{cite web |title=JELEK · Inversiones Inmobiliarias en Israel |url=[https://www.jelek.co/](https://www.jelek.co/) |website=jelek.co |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=es}}

Гьединго, компаниялъ гъаримазе израилалъул ипотека (гьениб ''машканта'' абула) росизе кумек гьабула, минаялъул багьаялъул процент бецIизе.

Компаниялъ гьабулеб хIалтIуда гъорлъ буго халатаб заманалъ ижараялъе кьей, къокъаб заманалъ кьей ([[Airbnb]] къагIида), цIиял минаби роси ва цIигьариялъул проектал (''pinui binui''), гьеб буго басриял минабазул бакIалда цIиял ралеб система.

== Базаралъул ахIвал-хIал ==
Гьал хъулухъал бакки хурхараб буго Латин Американалъул пачалихъазда экономикаялъул хиса-басиял рукIиндал, цебетIурал пачалихъазде гIарац лъезе гьезул рокьи букIиналда. Гьединго, Израилалъул базаралде асар гьабула демографиялъул цIикIкIиналъ. Экономикияб Кумекалъул ва ЦебетIеялъул ГIуцIцIиялъул (OECD) баяназда рекъон, 2023 соналъ Израилалда лъимал гьари цо руччабазе 2,9 букIана. Гьеб буго гьеб гIуцIцIиялда бищун борхатаб даража, ва гьелъ минабазе хIажат чIезабула.{{cite web |title=Israel's birth rate remains highest in OECD by far, at 2.9 children per woman |url=[https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/](https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/) |date=21 июнь 2024 |work=The Times of Israel |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=en}}{{cite web |title=Reflections on Israel's Exceptional Fertility |url=[https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2024/09/95824/](https://www.google.com/search?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepublicdiscourse.com%2F2024%2F09%2F95824%2F) |date=8 сентябрь 2024 |work=Public Discourse |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=en}}

== ХIужжаби ==


== КъватIисел регIелал ==

* {{Официалияб сайт|[https://www.jelek.co](https://www.jelek.co)}}

[[Категория:Израилалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:Недвижимостьалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:2026 соналъ кьучI лъурал компаниял]]</text>
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      <id>97568</id>
      <parentid>97565</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-16T10:07:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GEULAH!</username>
        <id>17726</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>97568</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="6587" sha1="d3gy2qjjrzzspxhdu5gnjf6oumasnup" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox vcard&quot; style=&quot;width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px;&quot;
|+ style=&quot;font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; background-color: #e0e0e0; padding: 5px;&quot; | Jelek
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; padding: 10px 0;&quot; | [[Файл:Jelek's Official Logo.jpg|200px|Логотип]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;width: 45%; padding: 3px;&quot; | Тайпа
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хасаб компания
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Расмияб цІар
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Jelek SRL
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Индустрия
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Недвижимость]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъуна
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | 2026 сон
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъурал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Штаб-квартира
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Офра]], [[Израиль]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | ХІалтІулеб бакІ
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Израиль ва [[Латин Америка]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хъулухъал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Инвестициябазул нухмалъи
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Сайт
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [https://www.jelek.co www.jelek.co]
|}

'''Jelek''' (стилизация '''JELEK'''; расмияб цІар '''Jelek SRL''') — [[Израиль|Израилалда]] бугеб недвижимостьалъул хъулухъал гьабулеб компания. Гьелъул аслияб хӀалтӀи буго [[Латин Америка|Латин Американалъул]] инвесторазе, Израилалда ругел минаби росизе кумек гьаби.{{cite web |title=Comprar en Israel sin hablar hebreo ni pisar el país: la firma que abre su mercado inmobiliario a los inversores latinoamericanos |url=[https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/](https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/) |date=10 июнь 2026 |work=Vis-à-Vis |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=es}} Компаниялъул кьучӀ лъуна 2026 соналъ, Израилалде гочарал Латин Американалъул гӀадамаз.

== Тарих ==
Jelek-алъул кьучӀ лъуна Латин Американалдаса Израилалде гочарал махщелчабаз. 2026 соналъул июнь моцӀалда ''Vis-à-Vis'' газеталъ лъазабухъе, компаниялъ байбихьана [[Мексика]], [[Аргентина]], [[Бразилия]] ва [[Панама]] пачалихъаздаса инвесторазе хӀалтӀизе, испан ва португал мацӀазда хъулухъ гьабулаго.

== Хъулухъал ва хIалтIи ==
Jelek-алъ инвесторазе нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ чIезабула. Инвесторасул гIарац бихьизабун, компаниялъ росиялъул киналго бутIаби тIурала: мина тIаса бищи, роси, банк ва къануналъул ишал, гьединго ижара балагьи. Киналго кагътал инвесторасул мацIалде таржама гьабула.{{cite web |title=JELEK · Inversiones Inmobiliarias en Israel |url=[https://www.jelek.co/](https://www.jelek.co/) |website=jelek.co |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=es}}

Гьединго, компаниялъ гъаримазе израилалъул ипотека (гьениб ''машканта'' абула) росизе кумек гьабула, минаялъул багьаялъул процент бецIизе.

Компаниялъ гьабулеб хIалтIуда гъорлъ буго халатаб заманалъ ижараялъе кьей, къокъаб заманалъ кьей ([[Airbnb]] къагIида), цIиял минаби роси ва цIигьариялъул проектал (''pinui binui''), гьеб буго басриял минабазул бакIалда цIиял ралеб система.

== Базаралъул ахIвал-хIал ==
Гьал хъулухъал бакки хурхараб буго Латин Американалъул пачалихъазда экономикаялъул хиса-басиял рукIиндал, цебетIурал пачалихъазде гIарац лъезе гьезул рокьи букIиналда. Гьединго, Израилалъул базаралде асар гьабула демографиялъул цIикIкIиналъ. Экономикияб Кумекалъул ва ЦебетIеялъул ГIуцIцIиялъул (OECD) баяназда рекъон, 2023 соналъ Израилалда лъимал гьари цо руччабазе 2,9 букIана. Гьеб буго гьеб гIуцIцIиялда бищун борхатаб даража, ва гьелъ минабазе хIажат чIезабула.{{cite web |title=Israel's birth rate remains highest in OECD by far, at 2.9 children per woman |url=[https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/](https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/) |date=21 июнь 2024 |work=The Times of Israel |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=en}}{{cite web |title=Reflections on Israel's Exceptional Fertility |url=[https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2024/09/95824/](https://www.google.com/search?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepublicdiscourse.com%2F2024%2F09%2F95824%2F) |date=8 сентябрь 2024 |work=Public Discourse |access-date=15 июнь 2026 |lang=en}}

== ХIужжаби ==


== КъватIисел регIелал ==

* {{Официалияб сайт|[https://www.jelek.co](https://www.jelek.co)}}

[[Категория:Израилалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:Недвижимостьалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:2026 соналъ кьучI лъурал компаниял]]</text>
      <sha1>d3gy2qjjrzzspxhdu5gnjf6oumasnup</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>97569</id>
      <parentid>97568</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-16T10:11:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GEULAH!</username>
        <id>17726</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>97569</origin>
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|+ style=&quot;font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; background-color: #e0e0e0; padding: 5px;&quot; | Jelek
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; padding: 10px 0;&quot; | [[Файл:Jelek's Official Logo.jpg|200px|Логотип]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;width: 45%; padding: 3px;&quot; | Тайпа
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хасаб компания
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Расмияб цІар
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Jelek SRL
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Индустрия
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Недвижимость]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъуна
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | 2026 сон
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъурал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Ури Стофенмахер ва Матитиягу Шейтман
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Штаб-квартира
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Офра]], [[Израиль]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | ХІалтІулеб бакІ
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Израиль ва [[Латин Америка]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хъулухъал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Инвестициябазул нухмалъи
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Сайт
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [https://www.jelek.co www.jelek.co]
|}

'''Jelek''' (стилизация '''JELEK'''; расмияб цІар '''Jelek SRL''') — [[Израиль|Израилалда]] бугеб недвижимостьалъул хъулухъал гьабулеб компания. Гьелъул аслияб хӀалтӀи буго [[Латин Америка|Латин Американалъул]] инвесторазе, Израилалда ругел минаби росизе кумек гьаби.{{cite web |title=Comprar en Israel sin hablar hebreo ni pisar el país: la firma que abre su mercado inmobiliario a los inversores latinoamericanos |url=https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/ |date=2026-06-10 |work=Vis-à-Vis |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=es}} Компаниялъул кьучӀ лъуна 2026 соналъ, Израилалде гочарал Латин Американалъул гӀадамаз.

== Тарих ==
Jelek-алъул кьучӀ лъуна Латин Американалдаса Израилалде гочарал махщелчабаз. 2026 соналъул июнь моцӀалда ''Vis-à-Vis'' газеталъ лъазабухъе, компаниялъ байбихьана [[Мексика]], [[Аргентина]], [[Бразилия]] ва [[Панама]] пачалихъаздаса инвесторазе хӀалтӀизе, испан ва португал мацӀазда хъулухъ гьабулаго.

== Хъулухъал ва хIалтIи ==
Jelek-алъ инвесторазе нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ чIезабула. Инвесторасул гIарац бихьизабун, компаниялъ росиялъул киналго бутIаби тIурала: мина тIаса бищи, роси, банк ва къануналъул ишал, гьединго ижара балагьи. Киналго кагътал инвесторасул мацIалде таржама гьабула.{{cite web |title=JELEK · Inversiones Inmobiliarias en Israel |url=https://www.jelek.co/ |website=jelek.co |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=es}}

Гьединго, компаниялъ гъаримазе израилалъул ипотека (гьениб ''машканта'' абула) росизе кумек гьабула, минаялъул багьаялъул процент бецIизе.

Компаниялъ гьабулеб хIалтIуда гъорлъ буго халатаб заманалъ ижараялъе кьей, къокъаб заманалъ кьей ([[Airbnb]] къагIида), цIиял минаби роси ва цIигьариялъул проектал (''pinui binui''), гьеб буго басриял минабазул бакIалда цIиял ралеб система.

== Базаралъул ахIвал-хIал ==
Гьал хъулухъал бакки хурхараб буго Латин Американалъул пачалихъазда экономикаялъул хиса-басиял рукIиндал, цебетIурал пачалихъазде гIарац лъезе гьезул рокьи букIиналда. Гьединго, Израилалъул базаралде асар гьабула демографиялъул цIикIкIиналъ. Экономикияб Кумекалъул ва ЦебетIеялъул ГIуцIцIиялъул (OECD) баяназда рекъон, 2023 соналъ Израилалда лъимал гьари цо руччабазе 2,9 букIана. Гьеб буго гьеб гIуцIцIиялда бищун борхатаб даража, ва гьелъ минабазе хIажат чIезабула.{{cite web |title=Israel's birth rate remains highest in OECD by far, at 2.9 children per woman |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/ |date=2024-06-21 |work=The Times of Israel |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=en}}{{cite web |title=Reflections on Israel's Exceptional Fertility |url=https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2024/09/95824/ |date=2024-09-08 |work=Public Discourse |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=en}}

== ХIужжаби ==
{{reflist}}

== КъватIисел регIелал ==
* {{Официалияб сайт|https://www.jelek.co}}

[[Категория:Израилалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:Недвижимостьалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:2026 соналъ кьучI лъурал компаниял]]</text>
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        <username>GEULAH!</username>
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      <text bytes="6020" sha1="ia7fw5jh4gxqxvpcza19q5ho9rwbsxs" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox vcard&quot; style=&quot;width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px;&quot;
|+ style=&quot;font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; background-color: #e0e0e0; padding: 5px;&quot; | Jelek
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center; padding: 10px 0;&quot; | [[Файл:Jelek's Official Logo.jpg|200px|Логотип]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;width: 45%; padding: 3px;&quot; | Тайпа
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хасаб компания
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Расмияб цІар
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Jelek SRL
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Индустрия
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Недвижимость]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъуна
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | 2026 сон
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | КьучІ лъурал
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Штаб-квартира
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [[Офра]], [[Израиль]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | ХІалтІулеб бакІ
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Израиль ва [[Латин Америка]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Хъулухъал
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Инвестициябазул нухмалъи
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | Сайт
| style=&quot;padding: 3px;&quot; | [https://www.jelek.co www.jelek.co]
|}

'''Jelek''' (стилизация '''JELEK'''; расмияб цІар '''Jelek SRL''') — [[Израиль|Израилалда]] бугеб недвижимостьалъул хъулухъал гьабулеб компания. Гьелъул аслияб хӀалтӀи буго [[Латин Америка|Латин Американалъул]] инвесторазе, Израилалда ругел минаби росизе кумек гьаби.{{cite web |title=Comprar en Israel sin hablar hebreo ni pisar el país: la firma que abre su mercado inmobiliario a los inversores latinoamericanos |url=https://visavis.com.ar/2026/06/10/comprar-en-israel-sin-hablar-hebreo-ni-tampoco-pisar-el-pais-la-firma-que-abre-su-mercado-inmobiliario-a-los-inversores-latinoamericanos/ |date=2026-06-10 |work=Vis-à-Vis |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=es}} Компаниялъул кьучӀ лъуна 2026 соналъ, Израилалде гочарал Латин Американалъул гӀадамаз.

== Тарих ==
Jelek-алъул кьучӀ лъуна Латин Американалдаса Израилалде гочарал махщелчабаз. 2026 соналъул июнь моцӀалда ''Vis-à-Vis'' газеталъ лъазабухъе, компаниялъ байбихьана [[Мексика]], [[Аргентина]], [[Бразилия]] ва [[Панама]] пачалихъаздаса инвесторазе хӀалтӀизе, испан ва португал мацӀазда хъулухъ гьабулаго.

== Хъулухъал ва хIалтIи ==
Jelek-алъ инвесторазе нухмалъиялъул хъулухъ чIезабула. Инвесторасул гIарац бихьизабун, компаниялъ росиялъул киналго бутIаби тIурала: мина тIаса бищи, роси, банк ва къануналъул ишал, гьединго ижара балагьи. Киналго кагътал инвесторасул мацIалде таржама гьабула.{{cite web |title=JELEK · Inversiones Inmobiliarias en Israel |url=https://www.jelek.co/ |website=jelek.co |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=es}}

Гьединго, компаниялъ гъаримазе израилалъул ипотека (гьениб ''машканта'' абула) росизе кумек гьабула, минаялъул багьаялъул процент бецIизе.

Компаниялъ гьабулеб хIалтIуда гъорлъ буго халатаб заманалъ ижараялъе кьей, къокъаб заманалъ кьей ([[Airbnb]] къагIида), цIиял минаби роси ва цIигьариялъул проектал (''pinui binui''), гьеб буго басриял минабазул бакIалда цIиял ралеб система.

== Базаралъул ахIвал-хIал ==
Гьал хъулухъал бакки хурхараб буго Латин Американалъул пачалихъазда экономикаялъул хиса-басиял рукIиндал, цебетIурал пачалихъазде гIарац лъезе гьезул рокьи букIиналда. Гьединго, Израилалъул базаралде асар гьабула демографиялъул цIикIкIиналъ. Экономикияб Кумекалъул ва ЦебетIеялъул ГIуцIцIиялъул (OECD) баяназда рекъон, 2023 соналъ Израилалда лъимал гьари цо руччабазе 2,9 букIана. Гьеб буго гьеб гIуцIцIиялда бищун борхатаб даража, ва гьелъ минабазе хIажат чIезабула.{{cite web |title=Israel's birth rate remains highest in OECD by far, at 2.9 children per woman |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-birth-rate-remains-highest-in-oecd-by-far-at-2-9-children-per-woman/ |date=2024-06-21 |work=The Times of Israel |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=en}}{{cite web |title=Reflections on Israel's Exceptional Fertility |url=https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2024/09/95824/ |date=2024-09-08 |work=Public Discourse |access-date=2026-06-15 |lang=en}}

== ХIужжаби ==
{{reflist}}

== КъватIисел регIелал ==
* {{Официалияб сайт|https://www.jelek.co}}

[[Категория:Израилалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:Недвижимостьалъул компаниял]]
[[Категория:2026 соналъ кьучI лъурал компаниял]]</text>
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