Wikipedia chrwiki https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A4%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%AE%E1%8E%B5%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97 MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.4 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk 0 863 50883 50640 2025-06-12T14:17:06Z Russesch 29253 50883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ethnic group| |group=Ꮳꮃꭹ |image=<br />[[File:Flag of the Cherokee Nation.svg|none|200px]] Ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ ꭶꮣꮨ [[File:UKBflag (bordered).png|none|200px]] Ꭰꮒꭹꮪꮹꭹ ꭰꮒꮳꮃꭹ ꭶꮣꮨ Ꭷꮈꭼꭲꮧꮲ ꮧꮒꮴꮇꭿꮝꭹ ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ ꭶꮣꮨ |poptime=316,049+<br />([[Eastern Band|Ꭷꮈꭼꭲꮧꮲ ꮧꮒꮴꮇꭿꮝꭹ]]: 13,000+, [[Cherokee Nation|Ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ]]: 288,749, [[United Keetoowah Band|Ꭰꮒꭹꮪꮹꭹ ꭰꮒꮳꮃꭹ]]: 14,300)<ref name=oia>[http://www.ok.gov/oiac/Publications/ "Pocket Pictorial."] ''[[Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission|Ꭳꭶꮃꮀꮉ ꭰꮎᏼꮻꮿꭲ ꮒꮪꮎꮫꮑꮅꮩꮈ ꭰꮒꭷꮋꮟꮒ]].'' 2010: 6 ᎠᎴ 37. (retrieved 8 ꮕꮣꮥꮖ 2010)</ref> |popplace=[[Ꭰꮉᏸꮯ]] ([[North Carolina|Ꭶꮿꮄꮒ]] Ꭰꮄ [[Oklahoma|Ꭳꭶꮃꮀꮉ]]) |rels=[[Christianity|Ꮷꮎꮑꮔꮧ ꮧꮑꮈꮩꮧ]], Four Mother's Society, Ꭰꮄ ꭶꮪꮹ [[Religion|Ꮧꮑꮈꮩꮧ]] |ꮒꭶꮫꭶꮯꮜꮕ=[[Ꭹꮅꮟ ꭶꮼꮒꭿꮝꮧ|Ꭹꮅꮟ]], [[Ꮳꮃꭹ ꭶꮼꮒꭿꮝꮧ|ꮳꮃꭹ]] |related= }} ᐱᓯᐢᑭᐤ, ᒫᒃ ᐊᐧᐁᔒᔕᒡ, ᒪᒃ ᐊᐌᓰᔅ ᐯᔭᒃ ᐁ ᐋᔨᒨᒫᑲᓅᑦ, ᐊᓂᒌ ᑳ ᓇᓈᐦᑰᓈᑯᓯᑣᐤ ᑲᔦᐦ ᑳ ᐱᒫᑎᓰᑣᐤ᙮ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐊᐦᐴ ᐸᐢᑳᐧᐃᐧᓃᒧᐃᐧᐣ ᐲᑭᐢᑫᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐁ-ᐲᑭᓯᑭᐌᒋᑭ ᑳᓇᑖ ᐅᐦᒋ, ᐅᓵᒼ ᐱᑯ ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᐣᐦᐃᑭ ᐁᑲᐧ ᓚᐯᑕᓂᐦᐃᑭ, ᒫᑲ ᒥᓇ ᒪᓇᐃᑑᐸ ᐁᑲᐧ ᒧᓄᑕᓇ ᐅᐦᒋ. 34 000 ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐊᐧᐠ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐤ, ᒦᓇ ᐊᑭᐦᑖᓱᐣ ᑌ-ᐦᐅᐱᑭᑭ᙮ᓚᐯᑕᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐊᐦᐴ ᐸᐢᑳᐧᐃᐧᓃᒧᐃᐧᐣ ᐲᑭᐢᑫᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐁ-ᐲᑭᓯᑭᐌᒋᑭ ᑳᓇᑖ ᐅᐦᒋ, ᐅᓵᒼ ᐱᑯ ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᐣᐦᐃᑭ ᐁᑲᐧ ᓚᐯᑕᓂᐦᐃᑭ, ᒫᑲ ᒥᓇ ᒪᓇᐃᑑᐸ ᐁᑲᐧ ᒧᓄᑕᓇ ᐅᐦᒋ. 34 000 ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐊᐧᐠ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐤ, ᒦᓇ ᐊᑭᐦᑖᓱᐣ ᑌ-ᐦᐅᐱᑭᑭ᙮ᐱᓯᐢᑭᐤ, ᒫᒃ ᐊᐧᐁᔒᔕᒡ, ᒪᒃ ᐊᐌᓰᔅ ᐯᔭᒃ ᐁ ᐋᔨᒨᒫᑲᓅᑦ, ᐊᓂᒌ ᑳ ᓇᓈᐦᑰᓈᑯᓯᑣᐤ ᑲᔦᐦ ᑳ ᐱᒫᑎᓰᑣᐤ᙮ᓃᐦᐃᖬᐑᐏᐣ ᐊᒋᐦᑖᓱᓈᓅᐦᒡ᙮ᐋᐱᐦᑖᒌᔑᑳᐤᐋᐱᐦᑖᒌᔑᑳᐤ == ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎪᏍᎬ == ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏓᏛᏁᎲ 250,000 [[ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ]] ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[ᏓᎵᏆ, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ]] (ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᎠᎴ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]]) ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎢ [[ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎤᏴᏢ ᎧᎶᎵᎾ]] ([[ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]]). ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ-ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]], [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]] ᎠᎴ [[Alabama|ᎠᎳᏆᎹ]]. ᏐᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[ᏲᏩᏁᎬ]], ᎻᏑᎵ, [[ᏖᎾᏏ]], ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. 1984 KJRH-TV [[ᏓᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ]], "''ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᎸ''" explored ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]], ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ceremonies ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏛᏅᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏘᎭ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ. Redbird ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏂᎬ Nighthawk ᎨᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ revitalized ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ [[20th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ]]. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎵᏉᎩ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᎳᏍᎩᏓ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗᏊ ᎠᏓᏣᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᏚᏩ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏂᏥ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏓᏂᏍᏇᎵᏲᎬ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏙᎥ, "ᏣᎳᎩ" (ᏣᎳᎩ) – ᎪᎯ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏄᎾᏓᏛᏁᎸ phonetically ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Portuguese (ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ''barranquenho'' ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ [[ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Soto]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ [[Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]) ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''chalaque'', ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''cheraqui'', ᎠᎴ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''ᏣᎳᎩ''. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ "r" ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎤᏁᏨᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏂᏪᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Ꮳ-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-Ꭹ (ᎢᎦᏪᏛ Jah-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-gee ᎠᎴ Cha-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-gee) ᎾᎥᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᏍᎩ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎧᏁᎬ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ trilled "r" ᎤᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏚᏓᏂᏴᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ Europeans ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᎠᎴ [[Spanish|ᏍᏆᏂ]] ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎠᎴ [[Alabama|ᎠᎳᏆᎹ]] ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1700s. ᎯᎠ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ [[ᎠᏂᎫᏔᏂ]] ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ "r" ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎨᏒᎢ derived ᎧᏁᏨ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᎡᏗ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ derived ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᎧᏁᏨ "Cha-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-kee" ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏓᎸ" ᎠᎴ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏔᎦᎳᏱ." ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎢ ''Ah-Ꮒ-yv-wi-Ꮿ'' (ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᏢᏔᏅᎯ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᏴᏫ"). ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎭ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ ᎪᎯ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏯᏅᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ. == ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ == [[File:Sequoyah.jpg|thumb|[[ᏍᏏᏉᏯ]]]] ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏁᎬ [[Iroquoian languages|Iroquoian]] ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ [[Polysynthetic language|polysynthetic]] ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[syllabary]] ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ [[ᏍᏏᏆᏱ]]. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ Syllabary Ꮎ predated ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏓᎵᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎡᏆ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏭᏓᏁᎸᎩ ᎡᎳᏗ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ [[Anikutani|ᎠᏂᎫᏔᏂ]], ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅ transliterated ᏣᎳᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎾᏁᏍ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎥᏳᎩ intercompatible ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎪᏗ ᎠᏥᏄ ᎪᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ syllabary. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏰᎵ ᎣᏏ ᎾᏞᎬ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎶ ᏂᏓᏳᏅᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ [[Unicode/Cherokee|Unicode]], ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ experiencing ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎾᏁᏍ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, Ꮎ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2006 ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏙᎢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-unicode ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ online ᎪᏪᎵᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᎯ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ online ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ]]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;" ! colspan="3" | a ! colspan="2" | e ! colspan="2" | i ! o ! u ! v /ə̃/ |- | colspan="3" | Ꭰ a | colspan="2" | Ꭱ e | colspan="2" | Ꭲ i | Ꭳ o | Ꭴ u | Ꭵ v |- | Ꭶ ga | colspan="2" | Ꭷ ka | colspan="2" | Ꭸ ge | colspan="2" | Ꭹ gi | Ꭺ go | Ꭻ gu | Ꭼ gv |- | colspan="3" | Ꭽ ha | colspan="2" | Ꭾ he | colspan="2" | Ꭿ hi | Ꮀ ho | Ꮁ hu | Ꮂ hv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮃ la | colspan="2" | Ꮄ le | colspan="2" | Ꮅ li | Ꮆ lo | Ꮇ lu | Ꮈ lv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮉ ma | colspan="2" | Ꮊ me | colspan="2" | Ꮋ mi | Ꮌ mo | Ꮍ mu | Ᏽ mv |- | Ꮎ na | Ꮏ hna | Ꮐ nah | colspan="2" | Ꮑ ne | colspan="2" | Ꮒ ni | Ꮓ no | Ꮔ nu | Ꮕ nv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮖ qua | colspan="2" | Ꮗ que | colspan="2" | Ꮘ qui | Ꮙ quo | Ꮚ quu | Ꮛ quv |- | Ꮝ s | colspan="2" | Ꮜ sa | colspan="2" | Ꮞ se | colspan="2" | Ꮟ si | Ꮠ so | Ꮡ su | Ꮢ sv |- | Ꮣ da | colspan="2" | Ꮤ ta | Ꮥ de | Ꮦ te | Ꮧ di | Ꮨ ti | Ꮩ do | Ꮪ du | Ꮫ dv |- | Ꮬ dla | colspan="2" | Ꮭ tla | colspan="2" | Ꮮ tle | colspan="2" | Ꮯ tli | Ꮰ tlo | Ꮱ tlu | Ꮲ tlv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮳ tsa | colspan="2" | Ꮴ tse | colspan="2" | Ꮵ tsi | Ꮶ tso | Ꮷ tsu | Ꮸ tsv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮹ wa | colspan="2" | Ꮺ we | colspan="2" | Ꮻ wi | Ꮼ wo | Ꮽ wu | Ꮾ wv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮿ ya | colspan="2" | Ᏸ ye | colspan="2" | Ᏹ yi | Ᏺ yo | Ᏻ yu | Ᏼ yv |} == ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ == {| cellpadding="3" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" cellspacing="0" align="right" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; margin-left: 12px" |-- |colspan="2" bgcolor="#fee8ab" style="text-align:center"| '''U.S. Population'''<ref>Population figures (rounded off) from Russell Thornton, ''American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492'' (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987), p. 115.; 1990 population figure from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20060210081850/http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/naind/html/na_006500_cherokee.htm ''Encyclopedia of North American Indians'']; 2000 population from a [http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/2002-02-13-indians.htm USA Today news story], which explains that the 2000 population figure increased so dramatically because of a greater effort to count everybody, and because multi-racial people were, for the first time, able to identify themselves as belonging to more than one group.</ref> |-- | style="background: #fff6d9;" | '''Year''' | style="background: #fff6d9;" | '''Population''' |-- | 1650 | align=right | 22,000 |-- | 1808 | align=right | 13,000 |-- | 1835 | align=right | 21,500 |-- | 1850 | align=right | 16,000 |-- | 1890 | align=right | 28,000 |-- | 1910 | align=right | 31,500 |-- | 1970 | align=right | 66,000^* |-- | 1980 | align=right | 232,000^* |-- | 1990 | align=right | 308,132^* |-- | 2000 | align=right | 729,533^* |-- | colspan="2" style="background: #fff6d9;" | <small>*new counting methods used</small> |} ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ unified ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ interrelated ᎦᏚᎲᎢ-ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 18th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ "ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ" Moytoy, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᏂᏙᎯ, ᎠᏍᎦᏯ Alexander Cumming. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1730, ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Moytoy [[Tellico|ᏖᎵᎪ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎯᎠ "ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ" ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏁᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏕᎦᏚᎲ. Moytoy ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ recognize ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, George ᎧᏬᎳᏕᏍᎬ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎵᏍᎩ. ᎯᏍᎩ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅᏒ ᎪᎯ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏚᎾᎵᎸ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᏐᎦᎴᏂ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ. ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏫᏛᏗ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎦᏙᎳ Ꮿ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ Moytoy ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᏗ avuncular ᏚᎾᏓᏚᏓᎸ. ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ ᏓᏄᏩ]] (ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 1700s), ᎠᏰᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᏛ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎤᎵᏱᎸᏛ ᏗᎳᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᎦᏛᎴᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎦᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ ᏄᏩᎫᏔᏅ ᏓᏂᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅ treaties, ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[Mississippi|ᎻᏏᏏᏈ]] ᎤᏪᏴ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ Ꮎ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]]. ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎪᏢᏅ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏒᎯᏰᏱ. Francis ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎾᎥᎢ 1800. ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎡᏆ ᏗᏎᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎪᏢᏅ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ, ᎬᏙᏗ boundaries ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏥᎧᎹᎩ]]. ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[Dragging Canoe|Dragging ᏥᏳ ᎤᏍᏗ]], ᎯᎠ ᏥᎧᎹᎩ ᎪᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ [[Shawnee (tribe)|Shawnee]] ᎠᎴ ᏚᎾᏓᏁᏤᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏲᏎᏗ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ. ᏐᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏟᏍᏙᏗ, ᏍᏏᏆᏱ, ᎠᎹ ᎦᏄᎪᎬ ᏩᎶᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ Dutch. ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 1820s, ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏤᎸ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ Washington, D.C., ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎨᎠᎵ ᎠᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ. ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ: ᎠᎵᎪᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ (ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ), ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏁᎤᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ. ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ 1828, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᏗᏍᏡᏴ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᏓᏰᏏ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ. ᎠᏂᏐᎢ disobeyed ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎤᎭ lobbied ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴᏅ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900s ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ignored ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]] ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏃᏢᏥᏙᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ-ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ "ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎩᎳ Conquered" ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ Northrup, "ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ" ᎾᎥᎢ Thomas E. [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] ᏫᎦᏅᏅ, "ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎾᎥᎢ James Mooney). [[File:Chief John Ross.jpg|left|thumb|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross]], ca. 1840]] [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᏎᏍᏙ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏙᏓ emigrated ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Scotland ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ ᏓᏄᏩ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏂᏥ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎩᏄᏙᏗ-ᎩᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏙᏓ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Scotland. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎤᎴᏅᎲ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᏄᏛᏁᎵᏙᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1809. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1820, ᎬᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎾᏒᎧᎵ. ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1828 ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏰᏙᎲᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1866. ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᏩᏓᏔᏅᏒ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎠᎴ [[North Carolina|ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎠᎴ [[South Carolina|ᏐᎦᎴᏂ]] ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᏓᎯᎨ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎾᏂᎥ ᏴᏫ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[gold rush|ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏅᎢᏍᏗ]] ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ [[Dahlonega, Georgia|ᏓᎶᏂᎦ, ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1830. ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ: [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], ''[[Cherokee Nation v. Georgia|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ v. ᏣᏥᏱ]]'', ᎠᎴ [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]]. Samuel ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ, ᎪᏪᎵ [[ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ]] ''ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ'', ᎪᏪᎵᎠ, "ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ... ᎾᎿᎢ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᏕᎫᎪᏗᏍᎬ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ. ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ-walled ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ fanned ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, invading ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ, ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ, ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᎯᏍᏗ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᏝᎰᏩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎠᏕᎳᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅᏂᏙᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ prodded ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏫ ᎤᏃᏕᎾ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ, threatened ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏍᏆᎳ ᎦᎶᏇ, ᎠᏥᏠᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎤᏅᏌ resisted."<ref>ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Samuel ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ, ''ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ: ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Betrayed'' (ᏄᏯᎩ: Doubleday, 1976, ISBN 0-385-06735-6), p. 232.</ref> ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎠᏎᎸᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᏲᎱᏒ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏓᏂᏐᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏓᏂᏃᎩᏍᎬ [[ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎢᎤᏪᏥ]] ᎠᏰᎲ ᏰᎵᏊ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ, ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎢᎤᏪᏥ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᎠᎵᎮᎵᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᎩᏍᏗ. [[File:Cherokee Supreme Court Building.jpg|thumb|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎠᎺᏉᎯ 1800'.]] ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᎷᏨᎩ [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ]] (ᎾᏊ [[ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ]]), ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏚᏍᏆᎸᏔᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ [[ᎩᎬ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ignored. ᎾᎿ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 22, 1839, ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᎪᏂᏲᎢᏍᏗ tribal ᏗᏠᎯᏍᏗᏱ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᏃᏣᎵ signers ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ]] [[New Echota|ᎠᏤ ᎡᏦᏔ]] ᎨᏒᎩ assassinated, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ drafter ᎯᎠ ᎩᎬ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ, [[ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏣᎴᎩ]], ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᏣᎴᎩ]] ᎠᎴ [[Elias Boudinot]]. ᎪᎯ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ 15 ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ [[ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ]] ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏪᏛ survivors ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]], ᎦᎪ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ [[ᎠᎵᎪᏒ]] ᏂᎦᎥ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ [[ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ]]. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎯᏍᎩ "ᎤᎾᏓᏅᏘᏌᏅ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ" Ꮎ ᎠᏍᏆᏛ treaties ᎬᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᎥᎢ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᎪᏒ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᎺᎵᎨ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1848 ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎾᎿ ᎥᎢᏒᎢ [[California|ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ]] ᎠᎦᏘᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏤ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎥᎢᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Arkansas River|ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ]] upstream [[Rocky ᏙᏓᎸ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ ᎧᎶᏩᏓ, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ ᏙᏓᎸ northward ᎾᎾᎯ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ [[Wyoming|ᏩᏲᎻ]] ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎦᏔᎲᏒ westward. ᎯᎠ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ]]. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ undertook [[ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ]] ᎤᏚᎩ ᎦᎬᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[California|ᎠᏕᎳᏧᏢᎢ]], ᎢᎦᎷᎦ ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ, noticing [[placer mining|placer]] ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᏚᏂᏍᏆᏂᎪᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ tributaries ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ Platte. ᎯᎠ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ ᎬᎨᏫᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᏍᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᏙᏧᏓᎴᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᎶᏩᏓ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏅᎢᏍᏗ]] 1859. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎲᏓ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]]. William Holland Thomas, ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏓᎾᏅ ᎤᏤᎵᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ [[Jackson ᏍᎦᏚᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᎲᎩ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 600 ᏣᎳᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ [[Qualla|ᏆᎳ]] ᎦᏚᎲ (ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ-ᎢᎦ [[ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]]) ᎣᏤᎵ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᎦᏯᎴᏂ citizenship. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏙᎯ ᎠᏕᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ, ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 400 ᏐᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ hid ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏩᏓᎴ Snowbird ᏙᏓᎸ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ [[Graham County, North Carolina|Graham ᏍᎦᏚᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]], ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ leadership Tsali<ref>http://www.cherokee-nc.com/history.php?Name=Tsali</ref> (ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎢᏳᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ ''[[Unto These Hills|Unto ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏚᏏ]]'' ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ, NC). ᎢᏧᎳ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎤᎵᎮᎵᏣᏘ Thomas, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᎦᏯᎴᏂ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ. Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ, ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ mustered ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ 2,000 ᎠᏂᏍᎦᏯ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ, ᏓᎾᎵᎲ ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Virginia, ᎭᏢᏃ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏓᎾᏟᎲ ᎪᏪᎸ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏓᏚᏓᎸ.<ref>http://www.cherokee-nc.com/history.php?Name=Will%20Thomas</ref> Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ ᎠᎵᎪᏒ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ capturing [[Waynesville, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 9, 1865. ᎤᏅᏌ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎠᏑᎳᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏓᎾᏩᏄᏁᎯ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎾᏓᏁᎲ ᏗᎦᏂᏴᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᏃᎯᎵᏙᎲ. ᎪᎯ, ᏔᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎫᏰᏉᏂ 23, 1865, ᎤᏓᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏤᎵᏛ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎣᏂ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ. [[File:CherokeeOTSA.PNG|thumb|ᎡᎶᎯ ᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Tribal ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᎯᎠ [[Dawes Act|Dawes ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ]] 1887 ᏧᎵᏍᏆᎵᏛ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Curtis ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ [[1898]], ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ governmental ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ abolished ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏎᎸ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ tribal ᏓᎳᏏᏛ ᎠᏰᏍᏛᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ Statehood ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[1907]]. ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ leadership ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ convened ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1938 ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ J. B. Milam ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎵᏯ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ Franklin Delano Roosevelt ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1941. [[File:A new map of the Cherokee Nation (NYPL b20719744-5387010).jpg|thumb|]] W. W. Keeler ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1949 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏩᏒ-ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᏗᎳᏏᏙᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ Ꮝ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ W. W. Keeler ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ, ᎾᎿ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ [[President Nixon|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Nixon]]. Keeler, ᎦᎪ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Phillips [[ᎪᎢᎯ|ᎪᎢ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ succeeded ᎾᎥᎢ Ross Swimmer, [[Wilma Mankiller]], [[Joe Byrd]], ᎠᎴ [[Chad "Corntassel" Smith|Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎦᏅᏅᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ]] 1934. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ descended ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ Ꮎ ᎤᏓᏅᏒ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎧᏁᎦ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎩᏄᏙᏗ ᎩᎬ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏕᎪᏪᎸ ᏚᎾᏙᎥ. == ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ == [[File:Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg|thumb|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Tahlequah|ᏔᎴᏆ]], ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ.]] ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ (ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070216125423/http://cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=commissions&commission=CCC&ID=THdmeJ7XRJo=</ref> ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏞᎬ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᎭ excelled ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ugatohvsvi uprecedented ᎤᏚᏃᎯᏍᏔᏍᎧ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ, ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ, ᎠᎴ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ leadership ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ [[ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ, ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ ᎤᎬᏩᎵ ᏧᏁᏉᏨ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏢᏍᎩ casino ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ]], ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎡᏆ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ contractor Ꮎ ᎪᏢᏗ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᏧᏂᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏁᏍᎨᏓ ᎠᏰᎸ ᏄᏛᎿᏕᎬ clinics ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, contributed ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ, ᎠᏁᏍᎨᏓ ᎠᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᎬ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ universities ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ, instilled ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏙᏗ [[Gadugi]] ᎠᎴ ᎣᏩᏒ-utugi gvsv ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ, revitalized ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᎧᏅᏍᎬ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᏗᏂᏲᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᎬᏱ [[ᏚᎵᏍᏗ]] ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᎴ 80,000 90,000 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎡᏙᎵᏙᎲ Tahlequah, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ festivities. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸᏍᎦ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ]], tribal newspapers ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ 1828, ᎠᎴ ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸᏍᎦ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏍᏏᏆᏱ Syllabary. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ [[Cherokee Heritage Center|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ]] ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᎬᏅ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ Sundance ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Tahlequah, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ, Utah, ᎠᎴ ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ participate ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[ᏪᏌ ᏎᏚᏗ]]. === ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ === ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ environmental ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏙᏗ ᏠᎨᏏ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ 1992 ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎧᏅᏍᎬ-Tribal Environmental ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ (ITEC).<ref>http://www.itecmembers.org/</ref> ᎯᎠ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ITEC ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎸ ᏄᏛᎿᏕᎬ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ, ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏃᎴ, ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᎹ. ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏍᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ITEC ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ, ᎠᎨᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ environmental ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ environmental ᏓᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ. ᎾᏊ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏦᏍᎪᎯ-ᏐᏁᎳ (39) ITEC ᎨᎳ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᏍᏆᏂᏤᏍᏛᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᏅᏓᎩ. === ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ Controversies === ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏱᎵᏒ 7, 2006, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen, ᎯᎠ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ African ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏊ ᏰᎵ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ classified ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᏴᎸᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ Dawes ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᏗᏲᏛᎯ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900s.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070213034721/http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/Freedman-Decision.pdf</ref> ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏗᎧᏃᏗᎢ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ viewed ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏟ ᎬᏰᎸᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ racially ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen, ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏆ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᎤᏩᏒᎯ ᎠᏏᎾᏒᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ Freedmen ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᎪ ᎾᏊ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen ᎠᎩᎵᏲᏨ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏐᎢ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ Citizenship ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏔᎲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ viewed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ freedmen ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎾᎿᏭᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ Dawes ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏗᏲᏛᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900'. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎤᎭ ᏚᎦᏘᎸᏒ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎳᏗᏍᎩ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎯᎠ Freedmen; ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ Delaware ᎩᎬ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅ treaties ᎠᎴ ᏓᏓᏁᏤᎸ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏭᏔᏅᎢ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ-ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ Statehood ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ Ꮝ ᏧᏚᎪᏔᏅ, ᎠᎴ upheld ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ ᎠᏚᏓᎸᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏗ ᏂᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ. ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ Ꮎ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎤᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏊ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏑᏰᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ amendments ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏢᎯᏌᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏪᎵᏒ ᎠᏓᏍᏚᏁᏗ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎩᎬ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏫᏍᏓᏗ ᎯᎠ Freedman ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20061005084532/http://www.cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=chief&ID=%2FaoDJcgHYwk%3D</ref> ᎾᏊ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏚᏁᏗ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎬ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏫᏓᎧᏃᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏭᏔᏅᎢ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ Freedman ᎠᏂᏁᏉᎬ contributed ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎳᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᏐᎢ traditionalists ᎤᎭ asserted Ꮎ Freedmen ᎤᎭ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ CN. === ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ === ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]], ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]], ᎤᎭ ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ceding tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏕᎳ ᎤᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ. ᏂᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏄᎸᏅᎩ ᎠᎴ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ dismissed. ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ HR ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ 3534, ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ Ꮎ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎥᏓᏓᎫᏴᎡᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ Riverbed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ hydroelectric ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎤᎾᏁᎶᏔᏅ. ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎤᏝᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᏚᎵᎬᏩᎳᏂᏙᎸ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ HR ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ 3534 ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ruled ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏠᏯᏍᏛᎾ ᏄᏍᏛ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏃᏜᎩ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ casino ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ casinos), ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏏᏇ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎠᏁᏍᎬᏗ casinos. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ dismissed, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ruled [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏓᏛ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎯᎵᏒ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎪ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏎᎸ ᎢᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎯᎵᏒ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᏎᎸ ᎢᏳᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ, ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ perceived ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏨᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ garnered ᏄᎦᏎᏍᏛᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎪᎯᏳᎲᏍᎬᎾ. ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏤᎢ ᏣᏥᏲᎯᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] casino ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ reacted unfavorably ᎯᎠ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎬᎢ viewed ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏝᏏᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏛᏍᎬᎾ ᎾᎥᎢ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]]. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏬᎯᏳ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎨᏒᎢ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᏒ "ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ" ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᎠᎰᎵ ᎤᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏤᎢ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎳᏅ. Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ criticized ᎯᎠ UKB ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ disgracing ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ behaving ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ "ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏓ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ. ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ Societies, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎯᎠ UKB, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ democratic societies ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ UKB ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᎬᎢ criticized ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎡᏆ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎠᏁᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ revered ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. === ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ === ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ ᎠᎴ participated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏫᏢ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᎨᎳᏗᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ cultural ᎦᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏫᏢ Tribal ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᏓᎾᏠᏍᎦ involving councilors ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏗᏓᏂᏴᏗ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏉᏙᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] adversarial ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ, ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏁᎭ unified ᎠᏓᏅᏙ [[ᎦᏚᎩ]] ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏔᎵ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. '''ᎠᎾᎩᏍᏗᎯᏳᎩ''' ᎨᏒᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ. ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᎬᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ '''ᎠᎾᎩᏍᏗᎯᏳᎩ''' ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ. === ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Joe Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ 1997 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Controversies === ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Joe Byrd, ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ 1995 ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏚᏓᎸ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ Ꮝ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎳᏏᏛ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏗᎨᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᎤᎶᏒᏍᏗ ᎤᏂᎦᏛᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏗᏗᏲᎯᎯ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏗᎪᏪᎵᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ, ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ, ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ wiretapping, ᎪᏪᎵ ᏫᎦᏅᏅ ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. Joe Byrd ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ [[ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ 1995 1999 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ [[ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1999 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ, ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒᎢ nationwide ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏐᏅ ᎠᏓᏚᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏓᎩᎡᏗ, ᎠᏤᏫᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏕᎠᎲ, ᎤᏲᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. Joe Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎫᏓᎸᏙ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ, ᎤᏒᏕᎾ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᎾᎩᏍᎩ ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᏓᏥᏂᏴᎡᎸᎩ ᎠᎴ orchestrated ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ. Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏂᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ boarded ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎾᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᏁᎳᏛᏅ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏤᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏕᎠᎲ. Byrd ᎠᏁᎳᏛᏅ ᏗᏍᏆᎸᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ re-ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 2003 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏏᏇ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ ᎠᏓᏎᎪᎩᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ, ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ [[Joe Byrd (ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ)]]. == ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ == ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ [[ᏍᏏᏆᏱ]], ᎦᎪ ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏌᏊ ᎦᏲᎵ ᏴᏫ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ [[ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎤᎵᏍᎪᎸᏔᏅ. ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎥᏝ ᎤᏕᎶᏆᎥ ᎧᏁᎬ, ᎥᎪᎵᏰᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. [[Nancy Ward|Nancy ᎠᏥᎦᏘᏯ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ "ᎠᏓᎨᏳᏗ ᎠᎨᏴ" ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎠᏎᏍᏙ. ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏛ [[Chad "ᎤᏥᏣᏔ" ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], [[Wilma Mankiller]] ᎠᎴ [[Ross Swimmer]]. ᎯᎠ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ-ᏅᏯ guitarist [[Jimi Hendrix]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎦᏴᎵᎨ ᎤᎵᏏ, Nora ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ Moore. [[Oral Roberts|ᎧᏁᏨᎯ Roberts]], ᎬᏙᏗ-ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1950s ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ 1990s, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏆᏂᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎬ ᎨᎳ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᏁᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏣᎳᎩ. === ᎢᎦᏪᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ === * [[Attakullakulla|ᎠᏔᎫᎳᎫᎳ]] (ca. 1708—ca. 1777), [[Chota|ᏦᏔ]] ᎤᎦᏪᎤᏪ; * [[Elias Boudinot]] (1802—1839); * [[Brad Carson]], ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ, ᎠᏍᎪᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, Tribal ᎨᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ; * [[Ned Christie]] (1852—1892), ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏓ ᎠᎴ Frontiersman ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ, Tribal ᎨᎳ, ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ; * [[Joseph J. Clark]] (1893—1971); * [[ᏔᎵᏧᏍᎦ]] (d. 1807); * [[ᏥᏳ ᎦᏅᏏᏂ]] (ca. 1738—1792); * [[Wilma Mankiller]] (1945—2010), [[chief|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ]]; * [[J. B. Milam]] (1884—1949), [[chief|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ]]; * [[Will Rogers]], [[actor|ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ]], ᏥᏍᎪᏯ ᎠᎴ entertainer<ref>http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/fed-indian-policy/</ref>; * [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]], ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ, Tribal ᎨᎳ, UKB; * [[ᏍᏏᏉᏯ]] (ca. 1767—1843); * [[ᏪᏌ ᏍᏚᏗ]] (b. 1947), [[actor|ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ]]; * [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]] (1806—1871). == ᎯᎪᏩᏔ ᎾᏍᎦ ᎾᏍᏇ == * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎦᏯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏯᏩᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ]] * [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎠᏗᏔᏍᏗ]] * [[ᎦᏘᏲ ᎠᎵᏍᎩᏍᏗ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎠᎾᎵᎯ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] * [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == * {{cite book|title=Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation|author=John Ehle|publisher=Anchor Books|year=1988|id=ISBN 0-385-23954-8}} * {{cite book|title=Mankiller: A Chief and Her People|author=[[Wilma Mankiller]], Michael Wallis|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|year=1999|id=ISBN 0-312-20662-3}} * {{cite book|author=Deborah L. Duvall|title=[[Tahlequah|ᏔᎴᏆ]] ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ.|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=2000|id=ISBN 0-7385-0782-2 }} * {{cite book|author=John R. Finger|title=Cherokee Americans: The Eastern Band of Cherokees in the Twentieth Century|publisher=[[University of Nebraska Press|ᏎᎷᏱ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1993|id=ISBN 0-8032-6879-3}} * {{cite book|author=[[Sarah H. Hill|Sarah H. ᎦᏚᏏ]]|title=Weaving New Worlds: Southeastern Cherokee Women and Their Basketry|publisher=ᎦᏯᎴᏂ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ|year=1997|id=ISBN 0-8078-4650-3}} * {{cite book|author=[[Jack Kilpatrick]] and [[Anna Gritts Kilpatrick]]|title=Friends of Thunder: Folktales of the Oklahoma Cherokees|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press|ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1995|id=ISBN 0-8061-2722-8}} * {{cite book|author=[[Howard Meredith]] and [[Mary Ellen Meredith]]|title=Reflection on Cherokee Literary Expression|publisher=Edwin Mellon Press|year=2003|id=ISBN 0-7734-6763-7}} * {{cite book|author=[[Rennard Stickland]]|title=Fire and the Spirits: Cherokee Law from Clan to Court|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press|ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1982|id=ISBN 0-8061-1619-6}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{commonscat|Cherokee}} <br> * [http://www.cherokee.org ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ] * [http://www.unitedkeetoowahband.org/ United Keetoowah Band ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ] * [http://www.cherokee-nc.com/ Eastern Band Cherokee Nation ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080520112929/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/J84xSIx2x1xv19a/ Annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (1897/98: pt.1)], ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏐ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎾᎥᎢ James Mooney * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051228190253/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2722 New [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] Encyclopedia] [[Category:ᏣᎳᎩ| ]] [[Category:To be checked]] s6u8fwf5x5byrocqmg49znw74tussxq 50886 50883 2025-06-12T14:20:13Z Russesch 29253 50886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ethnic group| |group=Ꮳꮃꭹ |image=<br />[[File:Flag of the Cherokee Nation.svg|none|200px]] Ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ ꭶꮣꮨ [[File:UKBflag (bordered).png|none|200px]] Ꭰꮒꭹꮪꮹꭹ ꭰꮒꮳꮃꭹ ꭶꮣꮨ Ꭷꮈꭼꭲꮧꮲ ꮧꮒꮴꮇꭿꮝꭹ ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ ꭶꮣꮨ |poptime=316,049+<br />([[Eastern Band|Ꭷꮈꭼꭲꮧꮲ ꮧꮒꮴꮇꭿꮝꭹ]]: 13,000+, [[Cherokee Nation|Ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ]]: 288,749, [[United Keetoowah Band|Ꭰꮒꭹꮪꮹꭹ ꭰꮒꮳꮃꭹ]]: 14,300)<ref name=oia>[http://www.ok.gov/oiac/Publications/ "Pocket Pictorial."] ''[[Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission|Ꭳꭶꮃꮀꮉ ꭰꮎᏼꮻꮿꭲ ꮒꮪꮎꮫꮑꮅꮩꮈ ꭰꮒꭷꮋꮟꮒ]].'' 2010: 6 ᎠᎴ 37. (retrieved 8 ꮕꮣꮥꮖ 2010)</ref> |popplace=[[Ꭰꮉᏸꮯ]] ([[North Carolina|Ꭶꮿꮄꮒ]] Ꭰꮄ [[Oklahoma|Ꭳꭶꮃꮀꮉ]]) |rels=[[Christianity|Ꮷꮎꮑꮔꮧ ꮧꮑꮈꮩꮧ]], Four Mother's Society, Ꭰꮄ ꭶꮪꮹ [[Religion|Ꮧꮑꮈꮩꮧ]] |ꮒꭶꮫꭶꮯꮜꮕ=[[Ꭹꮅꮟ ꭶꮼꮒꭿꮝꮧ|Ꭹꮅꮟ]], [[Ꮳꮃꭹ ꭶꮼꮒꭿꮝꮧ|ꮳꮃꭹ]] |related= }} ᐱᓯᐢᑭᐤ, ᒫᒃ ᐊᐧᐁᔒᔕᒡ, ᒪᒃ ᐊᐌᓰᔅ ᐯᔭᒃ ᐁ ᐋᔨᒨᒫᑲᓅᑦ, ᐊᓂᒌ ᑳ ᓇᓈᐦᑰᓈᑯᓯᑣᐤ ᑲᔦᐦ ᑳ ᐱᒫᑎᓰᑣᐤ᙮ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐊᐦᐴ ᐸᐢᑳᐧᐃᐧᓃᒧᐃᐧᐣ ᐲᑭᐢᑫᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐁ-ᐲᑭᓯᑭᐌᒋᑭ ᑳᓇᑖ ᐅᐦᒋ, ᐅᓵᒼ ᐱᑯ ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᐣᐦᐃᑭ ᐁᑲᐧ ᓚᐯᑕᓂᐦᐃᑭ, ᒫᑲ ᒥᓇ ᒪᓇᐃᑑᐸ ᐁᑲᐧ ᒧᓄᑕᓇ ᐅᐦᒋ. 34 000 ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐊᐧᐠ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐤ, ᒦᓇ ᐊᑭᐦᑖᓱᐣ ᑌ-ᐦᐅᐱᑭᑭ᙮ᓚᐯᑕᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐊᐦᐴ ᐸᐢᑳᐧᐃᐧᓃᒧᐃᐧᐣ ᐲᑭᐢᑫᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐁ-ᐲᑭᓯᑭᐌᒋᑭ ᑳᓇᑖ ᐅᐦᒋ, ᐅᓵᒼ ᐱᑯ ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᐣᐦᐃᑭ ᐁᑲᐧ ᓚᐯᑕᓂᐦᐃᑭ, ᒫᑲ ᒥᓇ ᒪᓇᐃᑑᐸ ᐁᑲᐧ ᒧᓄᑕᓇ ᐅᐦᒋ. 34,000 ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐊᐧᐠ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐤ, ᒦᓇ ᐊᑭᐦᑖᓱᐣ ᑌ-ᐦᐅᐱᑭᑭ᙮ᐱᓯᐢᑭᐤ, ᒫᒃ ᐊᐧᐁᔒᔕᒡ, ᒪᒃ ᐊᐌᓰᔅ ᐯᔭᒃ ᐁ ᐋᔨᒨᒫᑲᓅᑦ, ᐊᓂᒌ ᑳ ᓇᓈᐦᑰᓈᑯᓯᑣᐤ ᑲᔦᐦ ᑳ ᐱᒫᑎᓰᑣᐤ᙮ᓃᐦᐃᖬᐑᐏᐣ ᐊᒋᐦᑖᓱᓈᓅᐦᒡ᙮ᐋᐱᐦᑖᒌᔑᑳᐤᐋᐱᐦᑖᒌᔑᑳᐤ == ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎪᏍᎬ == ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏓᏛᏁᎲ 250,000 [[ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ]] ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[ᏓᎵᏆ, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ]] (ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᎠᎴ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]]) ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎢ [[ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎤᏴᏢ ᎧᎶᎵᎾ]] ([[ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]]). ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ-ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]], [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]] ᎠᎴ [[Alabama|ᎠᎳᏆᎹ]]. ᏐᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[ᏲᏩᏁᎬ]], ᎻᏑᎵ, [[ᏖᎾᏏ]], ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. 1984 KJRH-TV [[ᏓᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ]], "''ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᎸ''" explored ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]], ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ceremonies ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏛᏅᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏘᎭ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ. Redbird ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏂᎬ Nighthawk ᎨᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ revitalized ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ [[20th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ]]. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎵᏉᎩ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᎳᏍᎩᏓ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗᏊ ᎠᏓᏣᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᏚᏩ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏂᏥ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏓᏂᏍᏇᎵᏲᎬ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏙᎥ, "ᏣᎳᎩ" (ᏣᎳᎩ) – ᎪᎯ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏄᎾᏓᏛᏁᎸ phonetically ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Portuguese (ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ''barranquenho'' ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ [[ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Soto]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ [[Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]) ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''chalaque'', ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''cheraqui'', ᎠᎴ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''ᏣᎳᎩ''. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ "r" ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎤᏁᏨᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏂᏪᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Ꮳ-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-Ꭹ (ᎢᎦᏪᏛ Jah-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-gee ᎠᎴ Cha-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-gee) ᎾᎥᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᏍᎩ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎧᏁᎬ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ trilled "r" ᎤᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏚᏓᏂᏴᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ Europeans ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᎠᎴ [[Spanish|ᏍᏆᏂ]] ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎠᎴ [[Alabama|ᎠᎳᏆᎹ]] ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1700s. ᎯᎠ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ [[ᎠᏂᎫᏔᏂ]] ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ "r" ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎨᏒᎢ derived ᎧᏁᏨ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᎡᏗ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ derived ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᎧᏁᏨ "Cha-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-kee" ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏓᎸ" ᎠᎴ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏔᎦᎳᏱ." ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎢ ''Ah-Ꮒ-yv-wi-Ꮿ'' (ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᏢᏔᏅᎯ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᏴᏫ"). ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎭ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ ᎪᎯ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏯᏅᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ. == ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ == [[File:Sequoyah.jpg|thumb|[[ᏍᏏᏉᏯ]]]] ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏁᎬ [[Iroquoian languages|Iroquoian]] ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ [[Polysynthetic language|polysynthetic]] ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[syllabary]] ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ [[ᏍᏏᏆᏱ]]. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ Syllabary Ꮎ predated ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏓᎵᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎡᏆ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏭᏓᏁᎸᎩ ᎡᎳᏗ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ [[Anikutani|ᎠᏂᎫᏔᏂ]], ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅ transliterated ᏣᎳᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎾᏁᏍ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎥᏳᎩ intercompatible ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎪᏗ ᎠᏥᏄ ᎪᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ syllabary. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏰᎵ ᎣᏏ ᎾᏞᎬ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎶ ᏂᏓᏳᏅᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ [[Unicode/Cherokee|Unicode]], ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ experiencing ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎾᏁᏍ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, Ꮎ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2006 ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏙᎢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-unicode ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ online ᎪᏪᎵᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᎯ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ online ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ]]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;" ! colspan="3" | a ! colspan="2" | e ! colspan="2" | i ! o ! u ! v /ə̃/ |- | colspan="3" | Ꭰ a | colspan="2" | Ꭱ e | colspan="2" | Ꭲ i | Ꭳ o | Ꭴ u | Ꭵ v |- | Ꭶ ga | colspan="2" | Ꭷ ka | colspan="2" | Ꭸ ge | colspan="2" | Ꭹ gi | Ꭺ go | Ꭻ gu | Ꭼ gv |- | colspan="3" | Ꭽ ha | colspan="2" | Ꭾ he | colspan="2" | Ꭿ hi | Ꮀ ho | Ꮁ hu | Ꮂ hv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮃ la | colspan="2" | Ꮄ le | colspan="2" | Ꮅ li | Ꮆ lo | Ꮇ lu | Ꮈ lv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮉ ma | colspan="2" | Ꮊ me | colspan="2" | Ꮋ mi | Ꮌ mo | Ꮍ mu | Ᏽ mv |- | Ꮎ na | Ꮏ hna | Ꮐ nah | colspan="2" | Ꮑ ne | colspan="2" | Ꮒ ni | Ꮓ no | Ꮔ nu | Ꮕ nv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮖ qua | colspan="2" | Ꮗ que | colspan="2" | Ꮘ qui | Ꮙ quo | Ꮚ quu | Ꮛ quv |- | Ꮝ s | colspan="2" | Ꮜ sa | colspan="2" | Ꮞ se | colspan="2" | Ꮟ si | Ꮠ so | Ꮡ su | Ꮢ sv |- | Ꮣ da | colspan="2" | Ꮤ ta | Ꮥ de | Ꮦ te | Ꮧ di | Ꮨ ti | Ꮩ do | Ꮪ du | Ꮫ dv |- | Ꮬ dla | colspan="2" | Ꮭ tla | colspan="2" | Ꮮ tle | colspan="2" | Ꮯ tli | Ꮰ tlo | Ꮱ tlu | Ꮲ tlv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮳ tsa | colspan="2" | Ꮴ tse | colspan="2" | Ꮵ tsi | Ꮶ tso | Ꮷ tsu | Ꮸ tsv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮹ wa | colspan="2" | Ꮺ we | colspan="2" | Ꮻ wi | Ꮼ wo | Ꮽ wu | Ꮾ wv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮿ ya | colspan="2" | Ᏸ ye | colspan="2" | Ᏹ yi | Ᏺ yo | Ᏻ yu | Ᏼ yv |} == ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ == {| cellpadding="3" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" cellspacing="0" align="right" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; margin-left: 12px" |-- |colspan="2" bgcolor="#fee8ab" style="text-align:center"| '''U.S. Population'''<ref>Population figures (rounded off) from Russell Thornton, ''American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492'' (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987), p. 115.; 1990 population figure from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20060210081850/http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/naind/html/na_006500_cherokee.htm ''Encyclopedia of North American Indians'']; 2000 population from a [http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/2002-02-13-indians.htm USA Today news story], which explains that the 2000 population figure increased so dramatically because of a greater effort to count everybody, and because multi-racial people were, for the first time, able to identify themselves as belonging to more than one group.</ref> |-- | style="background: #fff6d9;" | '''Year''' | style="background: #fff6d9;" | '''Population''' |-- | 1650 | align=right | 22,000 |-- | 1808 | align=right | 13,000 |-- | 1835 | align=right | 21,500 |-- | 1850 | align=right | 16,000 |-- | 1890 | align=right | 28,000 |-- | 1910 | align=right | 31,500 |-- | 1970 | align=right | 66,000^* |-- | 1980 | align=right | 232,000^* |-- | 1990 | align=right | 308,132^* |-- | 2000 | align=right | 729,533^* |-- | colspan="2" style="background: #fff6d9;" | <small>*new counting methods used</small> |} ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ unified ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ interrelated ᎦᏚᎲᎢ-ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 18th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ "ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ" Moytoy, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᏂᏙᎯ, ᎠᏍᎦᏯ Alexander Cumming. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1730, ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Moytoy [[Tellico|ᏖᎵᎪ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎯᎠ "ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ" ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏁᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏕᎦᏚᎲ. Moytoy ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ recognize ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, George ᎧᏬᎳᏕᏍᎬ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎵᏍᎩ. ᎯᏍᎩ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅᏒ ᎪᎯ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏚᎾᎵᎸ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᏐᎦᎴᏂ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ. ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏫᏛᏗ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎦᏙᎳ Ꮿ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ Moytoy ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᏗ avuncular ᏚᎾᏓᏚᏓᎸ. ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ ᏓᏄᏩ]] (ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 1700s), ᎠᏰᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᏛ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎤᎵᏱᎸᏛ ᏗᎳᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᎦᏛᎴᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎦᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ ᏄᏩᎫᏔᏅ ᏓᏂᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅ treaties, ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[Mississippi|ᎻᏏᏏᏈ]] ᎤᏪᏴ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ Ꮎ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]]. ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎪᏢᏅ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏒᎯᏰᏱ. Francis ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎾᎥᎢ 1800. ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎡᏆ ᏗᏎᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎪᏢᏅ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ, ᎬᏙᏗ boundaries ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏥᎧᎹᎩ]]. ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[Dragging Canoe|Dragging ᏥᏳ ᎤᏍᏗ]], ᎯᎠ ᏥᎧᎹᎩ ᎪᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ [[Shawnee (tribe)|Shawnee]] ᎠᎴ ᏚᎾᏓᏁᏤᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏲᏎᏗ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ. ᏐᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏟᏍᏙᏗ, ᏍᏏᏆᏱ, ᎠᎹ ᎦᏄᎪᎬ ᏩᎶᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ Dutch. ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 1820s, ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏤᎸ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ Washington, D.C., ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎨᎠᎵ ᎠᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ. ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ: ᎠᎵᎪᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ (ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ), ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏁᎤᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ. ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ 1828, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᏗᏍᏡᏴ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᏓᏰᏏ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ. ᎠᏂᏐᎢ disobeyed ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎤᎭ lobbied ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴᏅ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900s ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ignored ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]] ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏃᏢᏥᏙᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ-ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ "ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎩᎳ Conquered" ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ Northrup, "ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ" ᎾᎥᎢ Thomas E. [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] ᏫᎦᏅᏅ, "ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎾᎥᎢ James Mooney). [[File:Chief John Ross.jpg|left|thumb|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross]], ca. 1840]] [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᏎᏍᏙ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏙᏓ emigrated ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Scotland ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ ᏓᏄᏩ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏂᏥ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎩᏄᏙᏗ-ᎩᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏙᏓ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Scotland. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎤᎴᏅᎲ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᏄᏛᏁᎵᏙᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1809. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1820, ᎬᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎾᏒᎧᎵ. ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1828 ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏰᏙᎲᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1866. ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᏩᏓᏔᏅᏒ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎠᎴ [[North Carolina|ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎠᎴ [[South Carolina|ᏐᎦᎴᏂ]] ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᏓᎯᎨ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎾᏂᎥ ᏴᏫ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[gold rush|ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏅᎢᏍᏗ]] ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ [[Dahlonega, Georgia|ᏓᎶᏂᎦ, ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1830. ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ: [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], ''[[Cherokee Nation v. Georgia|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ v. ᏣᏥᏱ]]'', ᎠᎴ [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]]. Samuel ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ, ᎪᏪᎵ [[ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ]] ''ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ'', ᎪᏪᎵᎠ, "ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ... ᎾᎿᎢ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᏕᎫᎪᏗᏍᎬ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ. ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ-walled ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ fanned ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, invading ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ, ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ, ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᎯᏍᏗ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᏝᎰᏩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎠᏕᎳᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅᏂᏙᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ prodded ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏫ ᎤᏃᏕᎾ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ, threatened ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏍᏆᎳ ᎦᎶᏇ, ᎠᏥᏠᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎤᏅᏌ resisted."<ref>ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Samuel ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ, ''ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ: ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Betrayed'' (ᏄᏯᎩ: Doubleday, 1976, ISBN 0-385-06735-6), p. 232.</ref> ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎠᏎᎸᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᏲᎱᏒ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏓᏂᏐᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏓᏂᏃᎩᏍᎬ [[ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎢᎤᏪᏥ]] ᎠᏰᎲ ᏰᎵᏊ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ, ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎢᎤᏪᏥ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᎠᎵᎮᎵᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᎩᏍᏗ. [[File:Cherokee Supreme Court Building.jpg|thumb|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎠᎺᏉᎯ 1800'.]] ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᎷᏨᎩ [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ]] (ᎾᏊ [[ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ]]), ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏚᏍᏆᎸᏔᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ [[ᎩᎬ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ignored. ᎾᎿ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 22, 1839, ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᎪᏂᏲᎢᏍᏗ tribal ᏗᏠᎯᏍᏗᏱ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᏃᏣᎵ signers ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ]] [[New Echota|ᎠᏤ ᎡᏦᏔ]] ᎨᏒᎩ assassinated, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ drafter ᎯᎠ ᎩᎬ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ, [[ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏣᎴᎩ]], ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᏣᎴᎩ]] ᎠᎴ [[Elias Boudinot]]. ᎪᎯ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ 15 ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ [[ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ]] ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏪᏛ survivors ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]], ᎦᎪ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ [[ᎠᎵᎪᏒ]] ᏂᎦᎥ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ [[ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ]]. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎯᏍᎩ "ᎤᎾᏓᏅᏘᏌᏅ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ" Ꮎ ᎠᏍᏆᏛ treaties ᎬᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᎥᎢ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᎪᏒ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᎺᎵᎨ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1848 ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎾᎿ ᎥᎢᏒᎢ [[California|ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ]] ᎠᎦᏘᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏤ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎥᎢᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Arkansas River|ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ]] upstream [[Rocky ᏙᏓᎸ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ ᎧᎶᏩᏓ, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ ᏙᏓᎸ northward ᎾᎾᎯ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ [[Wyoming|ᏩᏲᎻ]] ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎦᏔᎲᏒ westward. ᎯᎠ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ]]. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ undertook [[ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ]] ᎤᏚᎩ ᎦᎬᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[California|ᎠᏕᎳᏧᏢᎢ]], ᎢᎦᎷᎦ ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ, noticing [[placer mining|placer]] ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᏚᏂᏍᏆᏂᎪᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ tributaries ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ Platte. ᎯᎠ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ ᎬᎨᏫᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᏍᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᏙᏧᏓᎴᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᎶᏩᏓ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏅᎢᏍᏗ]] 1859. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎲᏓ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]]. William Holland Thomas, ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏓᎾᏅ ᎤᏤᎵᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ [[Jackson ᏍᎦᏚᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᎲᎩ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 600 ᏣᎳᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ [[Qualla|ᏆᎳ]] ᎦᏚᎲ (ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ-ᎢᎦ [[ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]]) ᎣᏤᎵ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᎦᏯᎴᏂ citizenship. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏙᎯ ᎠᏕᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ, ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 400 ᏐᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ hid ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏩᏓᎴ Snowbird ᏙᏓᎸ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ [[Graham County, North Carolina|Graham ᏍᎦᏚᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]], ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ leadership Tsali<ref>http://www.cherokee-nc.com/history.php?Name=Tsali</ref> (ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎢᏳᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ ''[[Unto These Hills|Unto ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏚᏏ]]'' ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ, NC). ᎢᏧᎳ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎤᎵᎮᎵᏣᏘ Thomas, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᎦᏯᎴᏂ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ. Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ, ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ mustered ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ 2,000 ᎠᏂᏍᎦᏯ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ, ᏓᎾᎵᎲ ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Virginia, ᎭᏢᏃ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏓᎾᏟᎲ ᎪᏪᎸ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏓᏚᏓᎸ.<ref>http://www.cherokee-nc.com/history.php?Name=Will%20Thomas</ref> Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ ᎠᎵᎪᏒ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ capturing [[Waynesville, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 9, 1865. ᎤᏅᏌ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎠᏑᎳᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏓᎾᏩᏄᏁᎯ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎾᏓᏁᎲ ᏗᎦᏂᏴᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᏃᎯᎵᏙᎲ. ᎪᎯ, ᏔᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎫᏰᏉᏂ 23, 1865, ᎤᏓᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏤᎵᏛ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎣᏂ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ. [[File:CherokeeOTSA.PNG|thumb|ᎡᎶᎯ ᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Tribal ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᎯᎠ [[Dawes Act|Dawes ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ]] 1887 ᏧᎵᏍᏆᎵᏛ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Curtis ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ [[1898]], ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ governmental ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ abolished ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏎᎸ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ tribal ᏓᎳᏏᏛ ᎠᏰᏍᏛᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ Statehood ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[1907]]. ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ leadership ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ convened ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1938 ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ J. B. Milam ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎵᏯ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ Franklin Delano Roosevelt ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1941. [[File:A new map of the Cherokee Nation (NYPL b20719744-5387010).jpg|thumb|]] W. W. Keeler ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1949 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏩᏒ-ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᏗᎳᏏᏙᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ Ꮝ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ W. W. Keeler ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ, ᎾᎿ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ [[President Nixon|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Nixon]]. Keeler, ᎦᎪ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Phillips [[ᎪᎢᎯ|ᎪᎢ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ succeeded ᎾᎥᎢ Ross Swimmer, [[Wilma Mankiller]], [[Joe Byrd]], ᎠᎴ [[Chad "Corntassel" Smith|Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎦᏅᏅᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ]] 1934. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ descended ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ Ꮎ ᎤᏓᏅᏒ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎧᏁᎦ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎩᏄᏙᏗ ᎩᎬ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏕᎪᏪᎸ ᏚᎾᏙᎥ. == ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ == [[File:Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg|thumb|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Tahlequah|ᏔᎴᏆ]], ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ.]] ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ (ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070216125423/http://cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=commissions&commission=CCC&ID=THdmeJ7XRJo=</ref> ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏞᎬ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᎭ excelled ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ugatohvsvi uprecedented ᎤᏚᏃᎯᏍᏔᏍᎧ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ, ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ, ᎠᎴ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ leadership ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ [[ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ, ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ ᎤᎬᏩᎵ ᏧᏁᏉᏨ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏢᏍᎩ casino ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ]], ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎡᏆ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ contractor Ꮎ ᎪᏢᏗ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᏧᏂᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏁᏍᎨᏓ ᎠᏰᎸ ᏄᏛᎿᏕᎬ clinics ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, contributed ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ, ᎠᏁᏍᎨᏓ ᎠᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᎬ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ universities ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ, instilled ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏙᏗ [[Gadugi]] ᎠᎴ ᎣᏩᏒ-utugi gvsv ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ, revitalized ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᎧᏅᏍᎬ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᏗᏂᏲᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᎬᏱ [[ᏚᎵᏍᏗ]] ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᎴ 80,000 90,000 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎡᏙᎵᏙᎲ Tahlequah, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ festivities. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸᏍᎦ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ]], tribal newspapers ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ 1828, ᎠᎴ ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸᏍᎦ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏍᏏᏆᏱ Syllabary. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ [[Cherokee Heritage Center|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ]] ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᎬᏅ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ Sundance ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Tahlequah, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ, Utah, ᎠᎴ ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ participate ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[ᏪᏌ ᏎᏚᏗ]]. === ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ === ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ environmental ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏙᏗ ᏠᎨᏏ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ 1992 ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎧᏅᏍᎬ-Tribal Environmental ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ (ITEC).<ref>http://www.itecmembers.org/</ref> ᎯᎠ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ITEC ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎸ ᏄᏛᎿᏕᎬ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ, ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏃᎴ, ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᎹ. ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏍᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ITEC ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ, ᎠᎨᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ environmental ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ environmental ᏓᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ. ᎾᏊ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏦᏍᎪᎯ-ᏐᏁᎳ (39) ITEC ᎨᎳ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᏍᏆᏂᏤᏍᏛᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᏅᏓᎩ. === ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ Controversies === ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏱᎵᏒ 7, 2006, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen, ᎯᎠ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ African ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏊ ᏰᎵ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ classified ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᏴᎸᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ Dawes ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᏗᏲᏛᎯ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900s.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070213034721/http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/Freedman-Decision.pdf</ref> ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏗᎧᏃᏗᎢ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ viewed ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏟ ᎬᏰᎸᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ racially ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen, ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏆ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᎤᏩᏒᎯ ᎠᏏᎾᏒᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ Freedmen ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᎪ ᎾᏊ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen ᎠᎩᎵᏲᏨ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏐᎢ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ Citizenship ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏔᎲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ viewed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ freedmen ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎾᎿᏭᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ Dawes ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏗᏲᏛᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900'. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎤᎭ ᏚᎦᏘᎸᏒ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎳᏗᏍᎩ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎯᎠ Freedmen; ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ Delaware ᎩᎬ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅ treaties ᎠᎴ ᏓᏓᏁᏤᎸ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏭᏔᏅᎢ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ-ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ Statehood ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ Ꮝ ᏧᏚᎪᏔᏅ, ᎠᎴ upheld ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ ᎠᏚᏓᎸᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏗ ᏂᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ. ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ Ꮎ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎤᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏊ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏑᏰᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ amendments ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏢᎯᏌᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏪᎵᏒ ᎠᏓᏍᏚᏁᏗ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎩᎬ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏫᏍᏓᏗ ᎯᎠ Freedman ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20061005084532/http://www.cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=chief&ID=%2FaoDJcgHYwk%3D</ref> ᎾᏊ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏚᏁᏗ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎬ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏫᏓᎧᏃᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏭᏔᏅᎢ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ Freedman ᎠᏂᏁᏉᎬ contributed ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎳᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᏐᎢ traditionalists ᎤᎭ asserted Ꮎ Freedmen ᎤᎭ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ CN. === ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ === ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]], ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]], ᎤᎭ ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ceding tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏕᎳ ᎤᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ. ᏂᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏄᎸᏅᎩ ᎠᎴ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ dismissed. ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ HR ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ 3534, ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ Ꮎ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎥᏓᏓᎫᏴᎡᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ Riverbed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ hydroelectric ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎤᎾᏁᎶᏔᏅ. ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎤᏝᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᏚᎵᎬᏩᎳᏂᏙᎸ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ HR ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ 3534 ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ruled ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏠᏯᏍᏛᎾ ᏄᏍᏛ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏃᏜᎩ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ casino ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ casinos), ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏏᏇ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎠᏁᏍᎬᏗ casinos. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ dismissed, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ruled [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏓᏛ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎯᎵᏒ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎪ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏎᎸ ᎢᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎯᎵᏒ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᏎᎸ ᎢᏳᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ, ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ perceived ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏨᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ garnered ᏄᎦᏎᏍᏛᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎪᎯᏳᎲᏍᎬᎾ. ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏤᎢ ᏣᏥᏲᎯᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] casino ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ reacted unfavorably ᎯᎠ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎬᎢ viewed ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏝᏏᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏛᏍᎬᎾ ᎾᎥᎢ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]]. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏬᎯᏳ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎨᏒᎢ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᏒ "ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ" ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᎠᎰᎵ ᎤᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏤᎢ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎳᏅ. Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ criticized ᎯᎠ UKB ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ disgracing ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ behaving ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ "ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏓ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ. ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ Societies, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎯᎠ UKB, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ democratic societies ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ UKB ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᎬᎢ criticized ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎡᏆ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎠᏁᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ revered ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. === ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ === ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ ᎠᎴ participated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏫᏢ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᎨᎳᏗᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ cultural ᎦᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏫᏢ Tribal ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᏓᎾᏠᏍᎦ involving councilors ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏗᏓᏂᏴᏗ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏉᏙᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] adversarial ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ, ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏁᎭ unified ᎠᏓᏅᏙ [[ᎦᏚᎩ]] ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏔᎵ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. '''ᎠᎾᎩᏍᏗᎯᏳᎩ''' ᎨᏒᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ. ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᎬᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ '''ᎠᎾᎩᏍᏗᎯᏳᎩ''' ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ. === ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Joe Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ 1997 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Controversies === ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Joe Byrd, ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ 1995 ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏚᏓᎸ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ Ꮝ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎳᏏᏛ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏗᎨᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᎤᎶᏒᏍᏗ ᎤᏂᎦᏛᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏗᏗᏲᎯᎯ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏗᎪᏪᎵᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ, ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ, ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ wiretapping, ᎪᏪᎵ ᏫᎦᏅᏅ ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. Joe Byrd ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ [[ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ 1995 1999 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ [[ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1999 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ, ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒᎢ nationwide ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏐᏅ ᎠᏓᏚᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏓᎩᎡᏗ, ᎠᏤᏫᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏕᎠᎲ, ᎤᏲᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. Joe Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎫᏓᎸᏙ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ, ᎤᏒᏕᎾ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᎾᎩᏍᎩ ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᏓᏥᏂᏴᎡᎸᎩ ᎠᎴ orchestrated ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ. Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏂᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ boarded ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎾᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᏁᎳᏛᏅ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏤᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏕᎠᎲ. Byrd ᎠᏁᎳᏛᏅ ᏗᏍᏆᎸᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ re-ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 2003 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏏᏇ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ ᎠᏓᏎᎪᎩᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ, ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ [[Joe Byrd (ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ)]]. == ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ == ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ [[ᏍᏏᏆᏱ]], ᎦᎪ ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏌᏊ ᎦᏲᎵ ᏴᏫ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ [[ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎤᎵᏍᎪᎸᏔᏅ. ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎥᏝ ᎤᏕᎶᏆᎥ ᎧᏁᎬ, ᎥᎪᎵᏰᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. [[Nancy Ward|Nancy ᎠᏥᎦᏘᏯ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ "ᎠᏓᎨᏳᏗ ᎠᎨᏴ" ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎠᏎᏍᏙ. ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏛ [[Chad "ᎤᏥᏣᏔ" ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], [[Wilma Mankiller]] ᎠᎴ [[Ross Swimmer]]. ᎯᎠ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ-ᏅᏯ guitarist [[Jimi Hendrix]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎦᏴᎵᎨ ᎤᎵᏏ, Nora ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ Moore. [[Oral Roberts|ᎧᏁᏨᎯ Roberts]], ᎬᏙᏗ-ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1950s ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ 1990s, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏆᏂᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎬ ᎨᎳ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᏁᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏣᎳᎩ. === ᎢᎦᏪᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ === * [[Attakullakulla|ᎠᏔᎫᎳᎫᎳ]] (ca. 1708—ca. 1777), [[Chota|ᏦᏔ]] ᎤᎦᏪᎤᏪ; * [[Elias Boudinot]] (1802—1839); * [[Brad Carson]], ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ, ᎠᏍᎪᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, Tribal ᎨᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ; * [[Ned Christie]] (1852—1892), ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏓ ᎠᎴ Frontiersman ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ, Tribal ᎨᎳ, ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ; * [[Joseph J. Clark]] (1893—1971); * [[ᏔᎵᏧᏍᎦ]] (d. 1807); * [[ᏥᏳ ᎦᏅᏏᏂ]] (ca. 1738—1792); * [[Wilma Mankiller]] (1945—2010), [[chief|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ]]; * [[J. B. Milam]] (1884—1949), [[chief|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ]]; * [[Will Rogers]], [[actor|ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ]], ᏥᏍᎪᏯ ᎠᎴ entertainer<ref>http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/fed-indian-policy/</ref>; * [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]], ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ, Tribal ᎨᎳ, UKB; * [[ᏍᏏᏉᏯ]] (ca. 1767—1843); * [[ᏪᏌ ᏍᏚᏗ]] (b. 1947), [[actor|ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ]]; * [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]] (1806—1871). == ᎯᎪᏩᏔ ᎾᏍᎦ ᎾᏍᏇ == * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎦᏯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏯᏩᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ]] * [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎠᏗᏔᏍᏗ]] * [[ᎦᏘᏲ ᎠᎵᏍᎩᏍᏗ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎠᎾᎵᎯ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] * [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == * {{cite book|title=Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation|author=John Ehle|publisher=Anchor Books|year=1988|id=ISBN 0-385-23954-8}} * {{cite book|title=Mankiller: A Chief and Her People|author=[[Wilma Mankiller]], Michael Wallis|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|year=1999|id=ISBN 0-312-20662-3}} * {{cite book|author=Deborah L. Duvall|title=[[Tahlequah|ᏔᎴᏆ]] ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ.|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=2000|id=ISBN 0-7385-0782-2 }} * {{cite book|author=John R. Finger|title=Cherokee Americans: The Eastern Band of Cherokees in the Twentieth Century|publisher=[[University of Nebraska Press|ᏎᎷᏱ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1993|id=ISBN 0-8032-6879-3}} * {{cite book|author=[[Sarah H. Hill|Sarah H. ᎦᏚᏏ]]|title=Weaving New Worlds: Southeastern Cherokee Women and Their Basketry|publisher=ᎦᏯᎴᏂ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ|year=1997|id=ISBN 0-8078-4650-3}} * {{cite book|author=[[Jack Kilpatrick]] and [[Anna Gritts Kilpatrick]]|title=Friends of Thunder: Folktales of the Oklahoma Cherokees|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press|ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1995|id=ISBN 0-8061-2722-8}} * {{cite book|author=[[Howard Meredith]] and [[Mary Ellen Meredith]]|title=Reflection on Cherokee Literary Expression|publisher=Edwin Mellon Press|year=2003|id=ISBN 0-7734-6763-7}} * {{cite book|author=[[Rennard Stickland]]|title=Fire and the Spirits: Cherokee Law from Clan to Court|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press|ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1982|id=ISBN 0-8061-1619-6}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{commonscat|Cherokee}} <br> * [http://www.cherokee.org ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ] * [http://www.unitedkeetoowahband.org/ United Keetoowah Band ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ] * [http://www.cherokee-nc.com/ Eastern Band Cherokee Nation ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080520112929/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/J84xSIx2x1xv19a/ Annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (1897/98: pt.1)], ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏐ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎾᎥᎢ James Mooney * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051228190253/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2722 New [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] Encyclopedia] [[Category:ᏣᎳᎩ| ]] [[Category:To be checked]] l5lfw14z75fm7vwp418pxplh6rnad8b 50887 50886 2025-06-12T14:20:56Z Russesch 29253 50887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ethnic group| |group=Ꮳꮃꭹ |image=<br />[[File:Flag of the Cherokee Nation.svg|none|200px]] Ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ ꭶꮣꮨ [[File:UKBflag (bordered).png|none|200px]] Ꭰꮒꭹꮪꮹꭹ ꭰꮒꮳꮃꭹ ꭶꮣꮨ Ꭷꮈꭼꭲꮧꮲ ꮧꮒꮴꮇꭿꮝꭹ ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ ꭶꮣꮨ |poptime=316,049+<br />([[Eastern Band|Ꭷꮈꭼꭲꮧꮲ ꮧꮒꮴꮇꭿꮝꭹ]]: 13,000+, [[Cherokee Nation|Ꮳꮃꭹꭿ ꭰᏸꮅ]]: 288,749, [[United Keetoowah Band|Ꭰꮒꭹꮪꮹꭹ ꭰꮒꮳꮃꭹ]]: 14,300)<ref name=oia>[http://www.ok.gov/oiac/Publications/ "Pocket Pictorial."] ''[[Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission|Ꭳꭶꮃꮀꮉ ꭰꮎᏼꮻꮿꭲ ꮒꮪꮎꮫꮑꮅꮩꮈ ꭰꮒꭷꮋꮟꮒ]].'' 2010: 6 ᎠᎴ 37. (retrieved 8 ꮕꮣꮥꮖ 2010)</ref> |popplace=[[Ꭰꮉᏸꮯ]] ([[North Carolina|Ꭶꮿꮄꮒ]] Ꭰꮄ [[Oklahoma|Ꭳꭶꮃꮀꮉ]]) |rels=[[Christianity|Ꮷꮎꮑꮔꮧ ꮧꮑꮈꮩꮧ]], Four Mother's Society, Ꭰꮄ ꭶꮪꮹ [[Religion|Ꮧꮑꮈꮩꮧ]] |ꮒꭶꮫꭶꮯꮜꮕ=[[Ꭹꮅꮟ ꭶꮼꮒꭿꮝꮧ|Ꭹꮅꮟ]], [[Ꮳꮃꭹ ꭶꮼꮒꭿꮝꮧ|ꮳꮃꭹ]] |related= }} ᐱᓯᐢᑭᐤ, ᒫᒃ ᐊᐧᐁᔒᔕᒡ, ᒪᒃ ᐊᐌᓰᔅ ᐯᔭᒃ ᐁ ᐋᔨᒨᒫᑲᓅᑦ, ᐊᓂᒌ ᑳ ᓇᓈᐦᑰᓈᑯᓯᑣᐤ ᑲᔦᐦ ᑳ ᐱᒫᑎᓰᑣᐤ᙮ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐊᐦᐴ ᐸᐢᑳᐧᐃᐧᓃᒧᐃᐧᐣ ᐲᑭᐢᑫᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐁ-ᐲᑭᓯᑭᐌᒋᑭ ᑳᓇᑖ ᐅᐦᒋ, ᐅᓵᒼ ᐱᑯ ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᐣᐦᐃᑭ ᐁᑲᐧ ᓚᐯᑕᓂᐦᐃᑭ, ᒫᑲ ᒥᓇ ᒪᓇᐃᑑᐸ ᐁᑲᐧ ᒧᓄᑕᓇ ᐅᐦᒋ. 34,000 ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐊᐧᐠ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐤ, ᒦᓇ ᐊᑭᐦᑖᓱᐣ ᑌ-ᐦᐅᐱᑭᑭ᙮ᓚᐯᑕᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐊᐦᐴ ᐸᐢᑳᐧᐃᐧᓃᒧᐃᐧᐣ ᐲᑭᐢᑫᐧᐃᐧᐣ ᐁ-ᐲᑭᓯᑭᐌᒋᑭ ᑳᓇᑖ ᐅᐦᒋ, ᐅᓵᒼ ᐱᑯ ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐊᐧᐣᐦᐃᑭ ᐁᑲᐧ ᓚᐯᑕᓂᐦᐃᑭ, ᒫᑲ ᒥᓇ ᒪᓇᐃᑑᐸ ᐁᑲᐧ ᒧᓄᑕᓇ ᐅᐦᒋ. 34,000 ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐊᐧᐠ ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐤ, ᒦᓇ ᐊᑭᐦᑖᓱᐣ ᑌ-ᐦᐅᐱᑭᑭ᙮ᐱᓯᐢᑭᐤ, ᒫᒃ ᐊᐧᐁᔒᔕᒡ, ᒪᒃ ᐊᐌᓰᔅ ᐯᔭᒃ ᐁ ᐋᔨᒨᒫᑲᓅᑦ, ᐊᓂᒌ ᑳ ᓇᓈᐦᑰᓈᑯᓯᑣᐤ ᑲᔦᐦ ᑳ ᐱᒫᑎᓰᑣᐤ᙮ᓃᐦᐃᖬᐑᐏᐣ ᐊᒋᐦᑖᓱᓈᓅᐦᒡ᙮ᐋᐱᐦᑖᒌᔑᑳᐤᐋᐱᐦᑖᒌᔑᑳᐤ == ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎪᏍᎬ == ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏚ ᎠᏄᏬᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏓᏛᏁᎲ 250,000 [[ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ]] ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[ᏓᎵᏆ, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ]] (ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᎠᎴ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]]) ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎢ [[ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎤᏴᏢ ᎧᎶᎵᎾ]] ([[ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]]). ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ-ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]], [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]] ᎠᎴ [[Alabama|ᎠᎳᏆᎹ]]. ᏐᎢ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[ᏲᏩᏁᎬ]], ᎻᏑᎵ, [[ᏖᎾᏏ]], ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. 1984 KJRH-TV [[ᏓᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ]], "''ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᎸ''" explored ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]], ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ceremonies ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏛᏅᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏘᎭ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ. Redbird ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏂᎬ Nighthawk ᎨᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ revitalized ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ [[20th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ]]. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎵᏉᎩ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᎳᏍᎩᏓ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗᏊ ᎠᏓᏣᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᏚᏩ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏂᏥ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏓᏂᏍᏇᎵᏲᎬ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏙᎥ, "ᏣᎳᎩ" (ᏣᎳᎩ) – ᎪᎯ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏄᎾᏓᏛᏁᎸ phonetically ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Portuguese (ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ''barranquenho'' ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ [[ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ Soto]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ [[Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]) ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''chalaque'', ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''cheraqui'', ᎠᎴ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ''ᏣᎳᎩ''. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ "r" ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎤᏁᏨᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏂᏪᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Ꮳ-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-Ꭹ (ᎢᎦᏪᏛ Jah-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-gee ᎠᎴ Cha-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-gee) ᎾᎥᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᏍᎩ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎡᎵᏍᏗ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎧᏁᎬ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ trilled "r" ᎤᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏚᏓᏂᏴᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ Europeans ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᎠᎴ [[Spanish|ᏍᏆᏂ]] ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎠᎴ [[Alabama|ᎠᎳᏆᎹ]] ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1700s. ᎯᎠ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ [[ᎠᏂᎫᏔᏂ]] ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ "r" ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᏚᏃᏴᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ "ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎨᏒᎢ derived ᎧᏁᏨ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᎡᏗ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ derived ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᎧᏁᏨ "Cha-ᏂᏚᏍᏛᎢ-kee" ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏓᎸ" ᎠᎴ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏔᎦᎳᏱ." ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎢ ''Ah-Ꮒ-yv-wi-Ꮿ'' (ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᏢᏔᏅᎯ "ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᏴᏫ"). ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎭ ᏚᏙᎥ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ ᎪᎯ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏯᏅᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ. == ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ == [[File:Sequoyah.jpg|thumb|[[ᏍᏏᏉᏯ]]]] ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏁᎬ [[Iroquoian languages|Iroquoian]] ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ [[Polysynthetic language|polysynthetic]] ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[syllabary]] ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ [[ᏍᏏᏆᏱ]]. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏅ Ꮎ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ Syllabary Ꮎ predated ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏓᎵᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎡᏆ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏭᏓᏁᎸᎩ ᎡᎳᏗ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ [[Anikutani|ᎠᏂᎫᏔᏂ]], ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅ transliterated ᏣᎳᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎾᏁᏍ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎥᏳᎩ intercompatible ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎪᏗ ᎠᏥᏄ ᎪᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ syllabary. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏰᎵ ᎣᏏ ᎾᏞᎬ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎶ ᏂᏓᏳᏅᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ [[Unicode/Cherokee|Unicode]], ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ experiencing ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎾᏁᏍ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, Ꮎ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2006 ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏙᎢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ-unicode ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ online ᎪᏪᎵᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᎯ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ online ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ]]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;" ! colspan="3" | a ! colspan="2" | e ! colspan="2" | i ! o ! u ! v /ə̃/ |- | colspan="3" | Ꭰ a | colspan="2" | Ꭱ e | colspan="2" | Ꭲ i | Ꭳ o | Ꭴ u | Ꭵ v |- | Ꭶ ga | colspan="2" | Ꭷ ka | colspan="2" | Ꭸ ge | colspan="2" | Ꭹ gi | Ꭺ go | Ꭻ gu | Ꭼ gv |- | colspan="3" | Ꭽ ha | colspan="2" | Ꭾ he | colspan="2" | Ꭿ hi | Ꮀ ho | Ꮁ hu | Ꮂ hv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮃ la | colspan="2" | Ꮄ le | colspan="2" | Ꮅ li | Ꮆ lo | Ꮇ lu | Ꮈ lv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮉ ma | colspan="2" | Ꮊ me | colspan="2" | Ꮋ mi | Ꮌ mo | Ꮍ mu | Ᏽ mv |- | Ꮎ na | Ꮏ hna | Ꮐ nah | colspan="2" | Ꮑ ne | colspan="2" | Ꮒ ni | Ꮓ no | Ꮔ nu | Ꮕ nv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮖ qua | colspan="2" | Ꮗ que | colspan="2" | Ꮘ qui | Ꮙ quo | Ꮚ quu | Ꮛ quv |- | Ꮝ s | colspan="2" | Ꮜ sa | colspan="2" | Ꮞ se | colspan="2" | Ꮟ si | Ꮠ so | Ꮡ su | Ꮢ sv |- | Ꮣ da | colspan="2" | Ꮤ ta | Ꮥ de | Ꮦ te | Ꮧ di | Ꮨ ti | Ꮩ do | Ꮪ du | Ꮫ dv |- | Ꮬ dla | colspan="2" | Ꮭ tla | colspan="2" | Ꮮ tle | colspan="2" | Ꮯ tli | Ꮰ tlo | Ꮱ tlu | Ꮲ tlv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮳ tsa | colspan="2" | Ꮴ tse | colspan="2" | Ꮵ tsi | Ꮶ tso | Ꮷ tsu | Ꮸ tsv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮹ wa | colspan="2" | Ꮺ we | colspan="2" | Ꮻ wi | Ꮼ wo | Ꮽ wu | Ꮾ wv |- | colspan="3" | Ꮿ ya | colspan="2" | Ᏸ ye | colspan="2" | Ᏹ yi | Ᏺ yo | Ᏻ yu | Ᏼ yv |} == ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ == {| cellpadding="3" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" cellspacing="0" align="right" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; margin-left: 12px" |-- |colspan="2" bgcolor="#fee8ab" style="text-align:center"| '''U.S. Population'''<ref>Population figures (rounded off) from Russell Thornton, ''American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492'' (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987), p. 115.; 1990 population figure from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20060210081850/http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/naind/html/na_006500_cherokee.htm ''Encyclopedia of North American Indians'']; 2000 population from a [http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/2002-02-13-indians.htm USA Today news story], which explains that the 2000 population figure increased so dramatically because of a greater effort to count everybody, and because multi-racial people were, for the first time, able to identify themselves as belonging to more than one group.</ref> |-- | style="background: #fff6d9;" | '''Year''' | style="background: #fff6d9;" | '''Population''' |-- | 1650 | align=right | 22,000 |-- | 1808 | align=right | 13,000 |-- | 1835 | align=right | 21,500 |-- | 1850 | align=right | 16,000 |-- | 1890 | align=right | 28,000 |-- | 1910 | align=right | 31,500 |-- | 1970 | align=right | 66,000^* |-- | 1980 | align=right | 232,000^* |-- | 1990 | align=right | 308,132^* |-- | 2000 | align=right | 729,533^* |-- | colspan="2" style="background: #fff6d9;" | <small>*new counting methods used</small> |} ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ unified ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ interrelated ᎦᏚᎲᎢ-ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 18th ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ "ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ" Moytoy, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᏂᏙᎯ, ᎠᏍᎦᏯ Alexander Cumming. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1730, ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Moytoy [[Tellico|ᏖᎵᎪ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎯᎠ "ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ" ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏁᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏕᎦᏚᎲ. Moytoy ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ recognize ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, George ᎧᏬᎳᏕᏍᎬ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎵᏍᎩ. ᎯᏍᎩ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅᏒ ᎪᎯ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏚᎾᎵᎸ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᏐᎦᎴᏂ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ. ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏫᏛᏗ ᎤᏣᏘ ᎦᏙᎳ Ꮿ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏓ ᎦᏂᏴᏙ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ Moytoy ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᏗ avuncular ᏚᎾᏓᏚᏓᎸ. ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ ᏓᏄᏩ]] (ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 1700s), ᎠᏰᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᏛ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎤᎵᏱᎸᏛ ᏗᎳᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎠᎦᏛᎴᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎦᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ ᏄᏩᎫᏔᏅ ᏓᏂᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅ treaties, ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[Mississippi|ᎻᏏᏏᏈ]] ᎤᏪᏴ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ Ꮎ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]]. ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎪᏢᏅ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏒᎯᏰᏱ. Francis ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎾᎥᎢ 1800. ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎡᏆ ᏗᏎᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎪᏢᏅ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ, ᎬᏙᏗ boundaries ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏥᎧᎹᎩ]]. ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[Dragging Canoe|Dragging ᏥᏳ ᎤᏍᏗ]], ᎯᎠ ᏥᎧᎹᎩ ᎪᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ [[Shawnee (tribe)|Shawnee]] ᎠᎴ ᏚᎾᏓᏁᏤᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏲᏎᏗ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ. ᏐᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏟᏍᏙᏗ, ᏍᏏᏆᏱ, ᎠᎹ ᎦᏄᎪᎬ ᏩᎶᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ Dutch. ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 1820s, ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎠᏤᎸ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ Washington, D.C., ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎨᎠᎵ ᎠᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ. ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ: ᎠᎵᎪᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ (ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ), ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏁᎤᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ. ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ 1828, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᏗᏍᏡᏴ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᏓᏰᏏ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ. ᎠᏂᏐᎢ disobeyed ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎦᎪ ᎣᏓᏅᏛ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎤᎭ lobbied ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴᏅ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900s ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ignored ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ [[Missouri|ᎻᏑᎵ]] ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏃᏢᏥᏙᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ-ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ "ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎩᎳ Conquered" ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ Northrup, "ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ" ᎾᎥᎢ Thomas E. [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] ᏫᎦᏅᏅ, "ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ" ᎾᎥᎢ James Mooney). [[File:Chief John Ross.jpg|left|thumb|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross]], ca. 1840]] [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᏎᏍᏙ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏙᏓ emigrated ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Scotland ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ ᏓᏄᏩ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏂᏥ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎩᏄᏙᏗ-ᎩᎬ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏙᏓ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Scotland. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎤᎴᏅᎲ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᏄᏛᏁᎵᏙᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1809. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1820, ᎬᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎾᏒᎧᎵ. ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ross ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1828 ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏰᏙᎲᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ [[ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1866. ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏧᏩᏓᏔᏅᏒ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎠᎴ [[North Carolina|ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎠᎴ [[South Carolina|ᏐᎦᎴᏂ]] ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᏓᎯᎨ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎾᏂᎥ ᏴᏫ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[gold rush|ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏅᎢᏍᏗ]] ᏴᏩᏚᏫᏛ [[Dahlonega, Georgia|ᏓᎶᏂᎦ, ᏣᏥᏱ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1830. ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ: [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], ''[[Cherokee Nation v. Georgia|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ v. ᏣᏥᏱ]]'', ᎠᎴ [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]]. Samuel ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ, ᎪᏪᎵ [[ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ]] ''ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ'', ᎪᏪᎵᎠ, "ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ... ᎾᎿᎢ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᏕᎫᎪᏗᏍᎬ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ. ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ-walled ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ fanned ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, invading ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎢ, ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎸ, ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᎯᏍᏗ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᏝᎰᏩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎠᏕᎳᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅᏂᏙᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ prodded ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏫ ᎤᏃᏕᎾ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ, threatened ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏍᏆᎳ ᎦᎶᏇ, ᎠᏥᏠᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎤᏅᏌ resisted."<ref>ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Samuel ᏗᎦᏣᏄᎶ ᎤᎾᏣ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ, ''ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ: ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Betrayed'' (ᏄᏯᎩ: Doubleday, 1976, ISBN 0-385-06735-6), p. 232.</ref> ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏰᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎠᏎᎸᎯ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎪᎯᎸᎢ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎤᏲᎱᏒ ᎧᎵ ᏗᏓᏂᏐᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏓᏂᏃᎩᏍᎬ [[ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎢᎤᏪᏥ]] ᎠᏰᎲ ᏰᎵᏊ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ, ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎢᎤᏪᏥ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᎠᎵᎮᎵᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᎩᏍᏗ. [[File:Cherokee Supreme Court Building.jpg|thumb|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎠᎺᏉᎯ 1800'.]] ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏭᎷᏨᎩ [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ]] (ᎾᏊ [[ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ]]), ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏚᏍᏆᎸᏔᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ [[ᎩᎬ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ignored. ᎾᎿ ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 22, 1839, ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏓᎪᏂᏲᎢᏍᏗ tribal ᏗᏠᎯᏍᏗᏱ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᏃᏣᎵ signers ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ]] [[New Echota|ᎠᏤ ᎡᏦᏔ]] ᎨᏒᎩ assassinated, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ drafter ᎯᎠ ᎩᎬ ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ, [[ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏣᎴᎩ]], ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᏣᎴᎩ]] ᎠᎴ [[Elias Boudinot]]. ᎪᎯ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ 15 ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ [[ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ]] ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏪᏛ survivors ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]], ᎦᎪ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ [[ᎠᎵᎪᏒ]] ᏂᎦᎥ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ [[ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ]]. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎯᏍᎩ "ᎤᎾᏓᏅᏘᏌᏅ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ" Ꮎ ᎠᏍᏆᏛ treaties ᎬᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᎥᎢ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᎪᏒ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᎺᎵᎨ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1848 ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎾᎿ ᎥᎢᏒᎢ [[California|ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ]] ᎠᎦᏘᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏤ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᎥᎢᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏓ ᎯᎠ [[Arkansas River|ᏲᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᏪᏴ]] upstream [[Rocky ᏙᏓᎸ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ ᎧᎶᏩᏓ, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ ᏙᏓᎸ northward ᎾᎾᎯ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ [[Wyoming|ᏩᏲᎻ]] ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎦᏔᎲᏒ westward. ᎯᎠ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ]]. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ undertook [[ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ]] ᎤᏚᎩ ᎦᎬᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[California|ᎠᏕᎳᏧᏢᎢ]], ᎢᎦᎷᎦ ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ, noticing [[placer mining|placer]] ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᏚᏂᏍᏆᏂᎪᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ tributaries ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ Platte. ᎯᎠ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᏪᏅᏒ ᎬᎨᏫᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᏍᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᏭᎵᏱᎶᎸ ᎠᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᏙᏧᏓᎴᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᎶᏩᏓ ᎠᏕᎸ ᏓᎶᏂᎨ ᎬᏅᎢᏍᏗ]] 1859. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᎲᏓ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]]. William Holland Thomas, ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏓᎾᏅ ᎤᏤᎵᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ [[Jackson ᏍᎦᏚᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᎲᎩ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 600 ᏣᎳᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ [[Qualla|ᏆᎳ]] ᎦᏚᎲ (ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ-ᎢᎦ [[ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]]) ᎣᏤᎵ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᎦᏯᎴᏂ citizenship. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏙᎯ ᎠᏕᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᏩᏌᏙᏴ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ, ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ 400 ᏐᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ hid ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏩᏓᎴ Snowbird ᏙᏓᎸ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ [[Graham County, North Carolina|Graham ᏍᎦᏚᎩ, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]], ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ leadership Tsali<ref>http://www.cherokee-nc.com/history.php?Name=Tsali</ref> (ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎢᏳᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎾᏛᏁᎵᏍᎬ ''[[Unto These Hills|Unto ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏚᏏ]]'' ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ, NC). ᎢᏧᎳ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ. ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎤᎵᎮᎵᏣᏘ Thomas, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᎦᏯᎴᏂ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ. Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ, ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ mustered ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗᏇ 2,000 ᎠᏂᏍᎦᏯ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏁᎬ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ, ᏓᎾᎵᎲ ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Virginia, ᎭᏢᏃ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏓᎾᏟᎲ ᎪᏪᎸ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏓᏚᏓᎸ.<ref>http://www.cherokee-nc.com/history.php?Name=Will%20Thomas</ref> Thomas' ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂ ᎠᎵᎪᏒ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ capturing [[Waynesville, ᎦᏯᎴᏂ]] ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 9, 1865. ᎤᏅᏌ ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎠᏑᎳᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏓᎾᏩᏄᏁᎯ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎾᏓᏁᎲ ᏗᎦᏂᏴᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᏃᎯᎵᏙᎲ. ᎪᎯ, ᏔᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᏭᏕᎵᎬᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎫᏰᏉᏂ 23, 1865, ᎤᏓᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏤᎵᏛ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎣᏂ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᏧᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ. [[File:CherokeeOTSA.PNG|thumb|ᎡᎶᎯ ᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏙᎠ-ᎢᎦ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Tribal ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᎯᎠ [[Dawes Act|Dawes ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ]] 1887 ᏧᎵᏍᏆᎵᏛ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴᏅᏗᏍᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Curtis ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ [[1898]], ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ governmental ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ abolished ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏎᎸ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ tribal ᏓᎳᏏᏛ ᎠᏰᏍᏛᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ Statehood ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[1907]]. ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᏰᎵᏊ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏛ ᏓᏠᎯᏍᏛ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ leadership ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ convened ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1938 ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ J. B. Milam ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᎵᏯ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ Franklin Delano Roosevelt ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1941. [[File:A new map of the Cherokee Nation (NYPL b20719744-5387010).jpg|thumb|]] W. W. Keeler ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1949 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏩᏒ-ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᏗᎳᏏᏙᏗ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏰᎵᏆ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ Ꮝ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ W. W. Keeler ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ, ᎾᎿ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ ᎤᏬᏪᎳᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ [[President Nixon|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Nixon]]. Keeler, ᎦᎪ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Phillips [[ᎪᎢᎯ|ᎪᎢ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ succeeded ᎾᎥᎢ Ross Swimmer, [[Wilma Mankiller]], [[Joe Byrd]], ᎠᎴ [[Chad "Corntassel" Smith|Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎦᏅᏅᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ]] 1934. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ descended ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎦᏁᎳ, ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ Ꮎ ᎤᏓᏅᏒ ᏭᏕᎵᎬ ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎧᏁᎦ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎩᏄᏙᏗ ᎩᎬ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏕᎪᏪᎸ ᏚᎾᏙᎥ. == ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ == [[File:Cherokee_National_Capitol.jpg|thumb|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ [[Tahlequah|ᏔᎴᏆ]], ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ.]] ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ (ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070216125423/http://cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=commissions&commission=CCC&ID=THdmeJ7XRJo=</ref> ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏞᎬ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᎭ excelled ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ugatohvsvi uprecedented ᎤᏚᏃᎯᏍᏔᏍᎧ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ, ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ, ᎠᎴ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ leadership ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ [[ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ, ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ ᎤᎬᏩᎵ ᏧᏁᏉᏨ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏢᏍᎩ casino ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ]], ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎡᏆ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ contractor Ꮎ ᎪᏢᏗ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᏯᎦᏴᎵ ᏧᏂᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏁᏍᎨᏓ ᎠᏰᎸ ᏄᏛᎿᏕᎬ clinics ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, contributed ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ, ᎠᏁᏍᎨᏓ ᎠᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᎬ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ universities ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ, instilled ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏙᏗ [[Gadugi]] ᎠᎴ ᎣᏩᏒ-utugi gvsv ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Ꮝ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ, revitalized ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᎧᏅᏍᎬ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ Ꮝ ᏗᏂᏲᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎳᏂᎩᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᎬᏱ [[ᏚᎵᏍᏗ]] ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᎴ 80,000 90,000 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎡᏙᎵᏙᎲ Tahlequah, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ festivities. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸᏍᎦ ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ]], tribal newspapers ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ 1828, ᎠᎴ ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸᏍᎦ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎦᎴᏴᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏍᏏᏆᏱ Syllabary. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ [[Cherokee Heritage Center|ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ]] ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᎬᏅ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ Sundance ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Tahlequah, ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ, Utah, ᎠᎴ ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎪᏪᎵ ᎠᏪᎵ ᎪᏪᎵᏍᏗ participate ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[ᏪᏌ ᏎᏚᏗ]]. === ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ === ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ environmental ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏙᏗ ᏠᎨᏏ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ 1992 ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᎸ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎧᏅᏍᎬ-Tribal Environmental ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ (ITEC).<ref>http://www.itecmembers.org/</ref> ᎯᎠ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ITEC ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎸ ᏄᏛᎿᏕᎬ ᎾᏰᎯᏯ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ, ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏃᎴ, ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᎹ. ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏍᏗ ᎪᎯ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ITEC ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ, ᎠᎨᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ environmental ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ environmental ᏓᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ. ᎾᏊ, ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏦᏍᎪᎯ-ᏐᏁᎳ (39) ITEC ᎨᎳ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᏍᏆᏂᏤᏍᏛᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᏅᏓᎩ. === ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ Controversies === ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏱᎵᏒ 7, 2006, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen, ᎯᎠ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ African ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎪ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏊ ᏰᎵ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ classified ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᏴᎸᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ Dawes ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᏗᏲᏛᎯ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900s.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070213034721/http://www.cherokee.org/docs/news/Freedman-Decision.pdf</ref> ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏗᎧᏃᏗᎢ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎾᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ viewed ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏟ ᎬᏰᎸᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ racially ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen, ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏆ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᏍᎩᏂ ᎤᏩᏒᎯ ᎠᏏᎾᏒᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ Freedmen ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᎪ ᎾᏊ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ Freedmen ᎠᎩᎵᏲᏨ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏐᎢ ᎠᏴᏫᏯ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ Citizenship ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏔᎲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎩ viewed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎯᎠ freedmen ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎾᎿᏭᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ Dawes ᎠᏂᎧᎻᏏᏂ ᏗᏲᏛᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ 1900'. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎤᎭ ᏚᎦᏘᎸᏒ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎳᏗᏍᎩ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎯᎠ Freedmen; ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ Delaware ᎩᎬ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᏩᎫᏔᏅ treaties ᎠᎴ ᏓᏓᏁᏤᎸ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏭᏔᏅᎢ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏬᎳᏨ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ-ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ Statehood ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ Ꮝ ᏧᏚᎪᏔᏅ, ᎠᎴ upheld ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ ᎠᏚᏓᎸᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏗ ᏂᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ. ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ Ꮎ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎤᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏊ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏑᏰᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ amendments ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏢᎯᏌᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏪᎵᏒ ᎠᏓᏍᏚᏁᏗ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎩᎬ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏫᏍᏓᏗ ᎯᎠ Freedman ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ Tribal ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20061005084532/http://www.cherokee.org/home.aspx?section=chief&ID=%2FaoDJcgHYwk%3D</ref> ᎾᏊ, ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏚᏁᏗ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎩᎬ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎿᏛᎦ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏫᏓᎧᏃᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏭᏔᏅᎢ ᏧᎾᏓᏱᎵᏓᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ Freedman ᎠᏂᏁᏉᎬ contributed ᏣᎳᎩ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᎢᏧᏩᎪᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎳᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ Freedmen ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᏐᎢ traditionalists ᎤᎭ asserted Ꮎ Freedmen ᎤᎭ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ CN. === ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ === ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]], ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]], ᎤᎭ ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ceding tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏕᎳ ᎤᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ. ᏂᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏄᎸᏅᎩ ᎠᎴ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ dismissed. ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ HR ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ 3534, ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ Ꮎ ᎧᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎥᏓᏓᎫᏴᎡᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎡᎯᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏲᏩᏁᎬ Riverbed ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ hydroelectric ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎤᎾᏁᎶᏔᏅ. ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎤᏝᏅᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᏚᎵᎬᏩᎳᏂᏙᎸ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ HR ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓ ᎠᏎᎯᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎠᏓᏚᎬ 3534 ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ruled ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏠᏯᏍᏛᎾ ᏄᏍᏛ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏃᏜᎩ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ casino ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ casinos), ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏏᏇ sued ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏔᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏙᏗ tribal ᎦᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏛ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᏓᏁᎸ ᎠᏁᏍᎬᏗ casinos. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᎳᏑᎸ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ dismissed, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ruled [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏂᏓᏛ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᎠᏰᎲᎩ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎯᎵᏒ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᎪ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏔᎵ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏎᎸ ᎢᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎯᎵᏒ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎤᏎᎸ ᎢᏳᎢ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ, ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ perceived ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎤᏁᏓᏍᏗ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏨᎢ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ garnered ᏄᎦᏎᏍᏛᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎪᎯᏳᎲᏍᎬᎾ. ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏤᎢ ᏣᏥᏲᎯᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏓᏍᏛᏗᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] casino ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ reacted unfavorably ᎯᎠ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]] ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏂᏰᎸᏍᎬ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏂᎬᎢ viewed ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏝᏏᏛ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎾᏛᏍᎬᎾ ᎾᎥᎢ [[United Keetoowah Band|ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ]]. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏬᎯᏳ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎨᏒᎢ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎤᏙᎯᏳᏒ "ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ" ᎠᎴ ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᎠᎰᎵ ᎤᏃᏴᎬ ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏤᎢ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎳᏅ. Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ criticized ᎯᎠ UKB ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ disgracing ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ behaving ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ "ᎠᎾᏓᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏓ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏗᎵᏖᎸᏗ. ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ Societies, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎯᎠ UKB, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ democratic societies ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ tribal ᎠᏁᎳ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎯᎠ UKB ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏂᎬᎢ criticized ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎡᏆ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎠᏁᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᎾᏍᏛ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ revered ᏣᎳᎩ traditionalists ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎳ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎯᎠ UKB ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ. === ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ === ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᎭ ᏚᏃᏣᎳᏅ ᎠᎴ participated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏫᏢ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᎨᎳᏗᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ cultural ᎦᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎢᏗᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏫᏢ Tribal ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᏓᎾᏠᏍᎦ involving councilors ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏗᏓᏂᏴᏗ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᎸᏉᏙᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎯᎠ [[ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎩᏚᏩ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] adversarial ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ, ᎯᎠ [[ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ]] ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏓᏁᎭ unified ᎠᏓᏅᏙ [[ᎦᏚᎩ]] ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᏔᎵ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ, ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ. ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏁᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᏗᎦᎾᏗᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ. '''ᎠᎾᎩᏍᏗᎯᏳᎩ''' ᎨᏒᎢ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎤᎾᏛᏁᎸᏗ ᎠᏂᏔᎵ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎪᎯᏳᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ. ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏂᎬᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ '''ᎠᎾᎩᏍᏗᎯᏳᎩ''' ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏁᎲᎢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ. === ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Joe Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ 1997 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ Controversies === ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Joe Byrd, ᏧᏓᎩᏴᎲ 1995 ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ, ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏚᏓᎸ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎠᏯᏙᎯᎲ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᎳᏍᏓᎸ Ꮝ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏓᎳᏏᏛ. ᎤᏤᎵ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏗᎨᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᎤᎶᏒᏍᏗ ᎤᏂᎦᏛᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏗᏗᏲᎯᎯ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏴ ᏗᎪᏪᎵᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ, ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ, ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ wiretapping, ᎪᏪᎵ ᏫᎦᏅᏅ ᎦᎶᏄᎮᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. Joe Byrd ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ [[ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ 1995 1999 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ [[ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1999 ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ. ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏄᏂᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ, ᎯᎠ [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ]] ᎤᎦᏙᎲᏒᎢ nationwide ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏐᏅ ᎠᏓᏚᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᎯ ᎠᏓᎩᎡᏗ, ᎠᏤᏫᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏕᎠᎲ, ᎤᏲᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᏴᏫ. Joe Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎫᏓᎸᏙ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎾᏗᏒᎯᎯ, ᎤᏒᏕᎾ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᎾᎩᏍᎩ ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᏓᏥᏂᏴᎡᎸᎩ ᎠᎴ orchestrated ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᏩᏂᎦᎸ. Byrd ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏂᏌᏙᏯᏍᎩ boarded ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏓᎾᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎠᏁᎳᏛᏅ ᏓᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᏤᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏕᎠᎲ. Byrd ᎠᏁᎳᏛᏅ ᏗᏍᏆᎸᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ re-ᏗᏙᎩᏯᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 2003 ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏏᏇ ᎤᏄᎸᎲᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎳ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ Chad ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ ᎠᏓᏎᎪᎩᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ, ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ [[Joe Byrd (ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ)]]. == ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ == ᎾᎿᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ [[ᏍᏏᏆᏱ]], ᎦᎪ ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ. ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏌᏊ ᎦᏲᎵ ᏴᏫ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ [[ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎤᎵᏍᎪᎸᏔᏅ. ᏍᏏᏆᏱ ᎥᏝ ᎤᏕᎶᏆᎥ ᎧᏁᎬ, ᎥᎪᎵᏰᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎩᎵᏏ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. [[Nancy Ward|Nancy ᎠᏥᎦᏘᏯ]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ "ᎠᏓᎨᏳᏗ ᎠᎨᏴ" ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎠᏎᏍᏙ. ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏛ [[Chad "ᎤᏥᏣᏔ" ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ]], [[Wilma Mankiller]] ᎠᎴ [[Ross Swimmer]]. ᎯᎠ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ-ᏅᏯ guitarist [[Jimi Hendrix]] ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᎦᏴᎵᎨ ᎤᎵᏏ, Nora ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ Moore. [[Oral Roberts|ᎧᏁᏨᎯ Roberts]], ᎬᏙᏗ-ᏂᏓᏙᎳᎬᎾ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᏫᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ 1950s ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ 1990s, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏆᏂᏲᏍᏗ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎬ ᎨᎳ ᎯᎠ [[Choctaw|ᎠᏂᏣᏓ]] ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᏁᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏣᎳᎩ. === ᎢᎦᏪᏛ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ === * [[Attakullakulla|ᎠᏔᎫᎳᎫᎳ]] (ca. 1708—ca. 1777), [[Chota|ᏦᏔ]] ᎤᎦᏪᎤᏪ; * [[Elias Boudinot]] (1802—1839); * [[Brad Carson]], ᎠᎴᏅᏔᏅ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ, ᎠᏍᎪᎵ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, Tribal ᎨᎳ ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ; * [[Ned Christie]] (1852—1892), ᏗᎦᏃᏣᎵ ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏓ ᎠᎴ Frontiersman ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎻ ᏗᏓᏙᎳᏤᎸ, Tribal ᎨᎳ, ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ; * [[Joseph J. Clark]] (1893—1971); * [[ᏔᎵᏧᏍᎦ]] (d. 1807); * [[ᏥᏳ ᎦᏅᏏᏂ]] (ca. 1738—1792); * [[Wilma Mankiller]] (1945—2010), [[chief|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ]]; * [[J. B. Milam]] (1884—1949), [[chief|ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ]]; * [[Will Rogers]], [[actor|ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ]], ᏥᏍᎪᏯ ᎠᎴ entertainer<ref>http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/fed-indian-policy/</ref>; * [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]], ᏣᎳᎩ ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏎᎮᎮᎯ, Tribal ᎨᎳ, UKB; * [[ᏍᏏᏉᏯ]] (ca. 1767—1843); * [[ᏪᏌ ᏍᏚᏗ]] (b. 1947), [[actor|ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ]]; * [[ᏕᎦᏔᎦ]] (1806—1871). == ᎯᎪᏩᏔ ᎾᏍᎦ ᎾᏍᏇ == * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎤᎦᏯ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏯᏩᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎯᏴᎯ]] * [[ᎤᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᏅ ᏗᎦᏌᏬᏍᏗ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎬᎿᎨ ᎠᏗᏔᏍᏗ]] * [[ᎦᏘᏲ ᎠᎵᏍᎩᏍᏗ]] * [[ᏣᎳᎩ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᏓᏄᏩ ᎠᎾᎵᎯ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] * [[ᎩᏚᏩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == * {{cite book|title=Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation|author=John Ehle|publisher=Anchor Books|year=1988|id=ISBN 0-385-23954-8}} * {{cite book|title=Mankiller: A Chief and Her People|author=[[Wilma Mankiller]], Michael Wallis|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|year=1999|id=ISBN 0-312-20662-3}} * {{cite book|author=Deborah L. Duvall|title=[[Tahlequah|ᏔᎴᏆ]] ᎠᎴ Ꮎ ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ.|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=2000|id=ISBN 0-7385-0782-2 }} * {{cite book|author=John R. Finger|title=Cherokee Americans: The Eastern Band of Cherokees in the Twentieth Century|publisher=[[University of Nebraska Press|ᏎᎷᏱ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1993|id=ISBN 0-8032-6879-3}} * {{cite book|author=[[Sarah H. Hill|Sarah H. ᎦᏚᏏ]]|title=Weaving New Worlds: Southeastern Cherokee Women and Their Basketry|publisher=ᎦᏯᎴᏂ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ|year=1997|id=ISBN 0-8078-4650-3}} * {{cite book|author=[[Jack Kilpatrick]] and [[Anna Gritts Kilpatrick]]|title=Friends of Thunder: Folktales of the Oklahoma Cherokees|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press|ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1995|id=ISBN 0-8061-2722-8}} * {{cite book|author=[[Howard Meredith]] and [[Mary Ellen Meredith]]|title=Reflection on Cherokee Literary Expression|publisher=Edwin Mellon Press|year=2003|id=ISBN 0-7734-6763-7}} * {{cite book|author=[[Rennard Stickland]]|title=Fire and the Spirits: Cherokee Law from Clan to Court|publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press|ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ ᏧᎾᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ ᏗᏂᎴᏴᏗᏍᎩ]]|year=1982|id=ISBN 0-8061-1619-6}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{commonscat|Cherokee}} <br> * [http://www.cherokee.org ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ] * [http://www.unitedkeetoowahband.org/ United Keetoowah Band ᎠᏂᎩᏚᏩᎩ ᎠᏂᏣᎳᎩ] * [http://www.cherokee-nc.com/ Eastern Band Cherokee Nation ᎧᎸᎬᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080520112929/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/J84xSIx2x1xv19a/ Annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (1897/98: pt.1)], ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏐ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏰᎵᏍᏗᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏣᎳᎩ, ᎾᎥᎢ James Mooney * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051228190253/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2722 New [[Georgia|ᏣᏥᏱ]] Encyclopedia] [[Category:ᏣᎳᎩ| ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 70907bm1zn7g2ri3aqpek5k6stt64hn 0 901 50907 50802 2025-06-12T14:36:34Z Russesch 29253 50907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country | Long name = ᏍᎦᏚᎩ ᎾᎿ ᏒᏈᏯ<ref>[https://sites.google.com/site/tsalagianagalisgi/ "Tsalagi Anagalisgi."] 2014-07-27.</ref> | Name = ᏒᏈᏯ | ᎦᏓᏘ = Flag of Serbia.svg | Coat of arms = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg | Location = Serbia (orthographic projection).svg | ᎠᏰᎵᎤ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎦᏬᏂᏏᏍᏗ = [[ᏒᏈᏱ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᏒᏈᏱ]] | ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ = [[Belgrade]] | ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ = Belgrade | ᏚᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᏂᎰᏂ = [[Aleksandar Vučić]] | ᎠᏕᎳ = RSD }} ᏒᏈᏯ (''Србија'') ᎠᏰᏟ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ [[ᏳᎳᏈ|ᏳᎳᏉᎢ]]. [[ᎠᏂᏒᏈ]] [[ᏒᏈ]] ᎠᏂᏬᏂᎭ. == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Serbia}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᏒᏈᏯ]] [[Category:ᏳᎳᏛ]] [[Category:ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ]] [[Category:To be checked]] oxjpqyjcdw8nueajwer073vvm8rlqt0 50915 50907 2025-06-12T14:40:21Z Russesch 29253 50915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country | Long name = ᏍᎦᏚᎩ ᎾᎿ ᏒᏈᏯ<ref>[https://sites.google.com/site/tsalagianagalisgi/ "Tsalagi Anagalisgi."] 2014-07-27.</ref> | Name = ᏒᏈᏯ | ᎦᏓᏘ = Flag of Serbia.svg | Coat of arms = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg | Location = Serbia (orthographic projection).svg | ᎠᏰᎵᎤ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎦᏬᏂᏏᏍᏗ = [[ᏒᏈᏱ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᏒᏈᏱ]] | ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ = [[Belgrade]] | ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ = Belgrade | ᏚᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᏂᎰᏂ = [[Aleksandar Vučić]] | ᎠᏕᎳ = RSD }} '''ᏒᏈᏯ''' (''Србија'') ᎠᏰᏟ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ [[ᏳᎳᏈ|ᏳᎳᏉᎢ]]. [[ᎠᏂᏒᏈ]] [[ᏒᏈ]] ᎠᏂᏬᏂᎭ. == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Serbia}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᏒᏈᏯ]] [[Category:ᏳᎳᏛ]] [[Category:ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 2vvzrjlnt4ulkegsanqx9jnrzpx64b9 0 2694 50906 50141 2025-06-12T14:34:08Z Russesch 29253 50906 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Brockhaus Lexikon.jpg|right|thumb|200px|]] '''ᎪᏪᎵ'''. [[Category:ᏗᎪᏪᎵ| ]] [[Category:ᏗᏛᎪᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] f9kkldtkpcwtg7m8k8563l58y9wx7yv 1 3439 50884 38679 2025-06-12T14:18:25Z Russesch 29253 Vandalism 50884 wikitext text/x-wiki I don’t know Cherokee, but this looks like a machine translation or relexification. [[User:Jchthys|Jchthys]] 23:45, 23 August 2009 (UTC) : The article is different in text than the English piece so it is certainly not a machine translation.[[User:Charles F Ross|Charles F Ross]] 19:28, 1 December 2009 (UTC) 0owqdoszy2dnz8ir3it6cso1zx1cxo0 50885 50884 2025-06-12T14:18:53Z Russesch 29253 50885 wikitext text/x-wiki I don’t know Cherokee, but this looks like a machine translation or relexification. [[User:Jchthys|Jchthys]] 23:45, 23 August 2009 (UTC) : The article is different in text than the English piece so it is certainly not a machine translation. [[User:Charles F Ross|Charles F Ross]] 19:28, 1 December 2009 (UTC) c6ra2d07p56rsejs6ukfdib8bj9lj0t 0 3775 50913 44128 2025-06-12T14:38:36Z Russesch 29253 50913 wikitext text/x-wiki “ᎡᏥ, Ꮭ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏯᎩᎭ ᏱᎬᏆᏛᏅᏗ,” ᎧᏯᎯᎶᏍᎬ ᏑᏓᎵ ᏳᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᏎᎵᏓ. “ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᏩᏛᏗ ᏯᏆᏛᏁᏗ!” ᎤᏥ ᏚᎧᏲᏔᏅ ᏧᏬᏰᏂ ᎤᏞᏌᏛ ᎬᏗ, ᎾᏊᏃ ᎤᏘᏅᏒ ᏎᎵᏓ ᏙᏱ ᎤᎦᎾᏩ ᎤᏬᏗᎨ ᏠᎨᏒ. [[ᏎᎷ]] ᎦᎳ ᏗᎦᏕᏓ ᏗᏍᏆᎾᎪᏔᏅᏃ ᎨᏒ ᎿᏊᏃ ᎠᏥᎹᎬ ᎪᎩ ᏅᏓ [[ᎧᎸᎢ]]. ᏄᏁᏨᎾᏊ ᎤᏥ ᎤᎴᏅᎲ ᎦᏟᏏᏍᎬ ᏧᎧᏲᏓ ᏎᎷ ᏧᏄᎶᏔᏅ, ᎤᎴᏅᎲᏃ ᎤᏞᏌᏛ ᏕᎦᏢᏍᎬᎢ. ᎠᎪᎠᏂᏴᎲ ᏎᎵᏓ ᎠᎦᏘᎾᎡᏃ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏪᏴᏗᏜ ᏫᏚᎾᏦᏝᏅ ᏫᏚᏃᏢ. ᎤᏥ ᎤᎴᏅᎲ ᏍᏓᏯ ᏕᎦᏄᏖᏲᎲ ᏎᎷ ᏧᏄᎶᏔᏅ ᎪᏢᏍᎬ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏍᎧ. ᏏᏊ ᏚᏁᏖᏲᎸ ᏎᎷ. ᏧᏄᎶᏔᏅ ᏔᎵ ᎢᎦ ᏧᏬᏢᏗ ᏗᎦᏃᎨᎢ. ᎿᏊᏅ ᎢᎸᏍᎩ ᎢᎦ ᏧᏄᎶᏔᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏔᏅ ᎡᎳᏗᎡᎯ ᎠᏌᏃ. ᏂᎦᏓ ᏚᎵᎬᏔᎾ ᎠᏁᏟᏗ ᎦᏂᏙᎲᎢ. ᏎᎵᏓ ᎤᏍᏕᎸᎲ ᎤᏥ ᏗᎦᎾᏫᏛᎲ Ꮎ ᏎᎷ ᏧᏄᎶᏔᏅ ᎠᏁᎶᏗᏃ ᏧᏙᏢ ᏧᏁᏅᏒᏗᏜ. ᎤᏥ ᏭᎩᏒ ᎤᏩᏰᏫᏒᏔᏂᏓᏍᏙ ᎦᎵᏗᏓᏅ ᏔᎷᏣ ᎤᎴᏅᎮᏃ ᎦᏰᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᏕᎦᏅᏌᏁᏍᎬ: ᎤᏥᎸ, ᎦᏰᏫᏍᏙᏗ ᏓᏫᏍᎦᎨ ᎠᏄᏬ, ᎤᎸᏗᏱᏃ ᏕᎦᏟᏗ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ. ᎡᎳᏗᎡᎯ ᎠᏌᏃ ᎤᎵᏍᏠᏍᏗᏃ ᏧᏃᏢᎾᏁᏗ ᎠᏁᏟᏗ. ᏔᎵᏁ, ᎤᏥ ᏚᎾᏩᏛᎮ ᎠᏍᏘ. ᏎᎵᏓ ᏚᏍᏕᏲᎸ ᎠᏍᏘ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ ᎬᎿᎨᎢ ᎤᏍᏗᎬ ᎠᏁᏟᏗ. ᎿᏊ ᎤᏥ ᎤᏎᎮᎸ ᎢᏳᏩᏁᏗ ᎤᏪᏰᏫᏍᏗ ᎠᏁᏟᏗ ᎤᏍᎧ. ᎤᏂᏍᏆᏙᎿ ᏎᎵᏓ ᎤᎾᎡᎢ ᎤᏤᎵᏓ ᎠᏁᏟᏗ ᏎᎩᏂ ᏚᏬᎡᎢ. ᎤᎩᏨᏓ, ᏏᏊ ᏔᎵ ᎢᎦ ᏚᏬᏢᏅ ᏧᎵᎢ ᏎᎩᏂ. ᎠᏎᏍᎩᏂ ᏎᎩᏂ ᏂᎪᎸ ᎤᏤᎵᏛ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ, ᎠᎬᏱ ᎤᏬᏢᎾ ᎨᏒ, ᎢᏳᏰᏟᏗ, ᎿᏊᎴ ᎤᏥ ᎤᏍᏕᎸᏓ ᎪᏢᏍᎬᎢ. [[Category:ᏗᎾᏟᎶᏍᏗᏍᎩ]] [[Category:To be checked]] fonswuyrpx0v1b3z8bo8i0uby81e81r 0 4066 50891 50808 2025-06-12T14:26:07Z Russesch 29253 50891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country | Long name = ᏲᏅᎯᎠᏰᏟ<br />Российская Федерация | Name = ᏲᏂᎢ | ᎦᏓᏘ = Flag of Russia.svg | Coat of arms = Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg | Location = Russian Federation (orthographic projection).svg | Area = 17,075,400 km2 | Population = 145,166,731 | Population year = 2002 | ᎠᏰᎵᎤ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎦᏬᏂᏏᏍᏗ = [[ᏲᏂᏱ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᏲᏂᏱ]] | ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ = [[Moscow|ᎹᏍᎪ]] | ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ = ᎹᏍᎪ | ᏚᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᏂᎰᏂ = [[ᏗᎻᏟ ᎺᏗᏪᏕᏫ|ᏗᎻᏟ ᎠᎾᏙᎵᏰᏫᏥ ᎺᏗᏪᏕᏫ]] <br /> <small>Дми́трий Анато́льевич Медве́дев <br /> ''(Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev)''</small> <br /> [[ᏩᎳᏗᎻᎠ ᏊᏘᏂ|ᏩᎳᏗᎻᎠ ᏩᎳᏗᎻᎶᏫᏥ ᏊᏘᏂ]] <br /> <small>Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин <br /> ''(Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin)''</small> | ᎠᏕᎳ = [[ᏲᏂᎢ ᎠᏕᎳ]] }} <big>'''ᏲᏂᎢ'''</big> ᎠᏰᏟ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ [[ᏳᎳᏈ|ᏳᎳᏉᎢ]] ᎠᎴ [[ᎡᏏᏱ|ᎡᏏᏲᎢ]]. [[ᎠᏂᏲᎾ]] [[ᎠᏂᏲᎾ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᏲᏂ]] ᎠᏂᏬᏂᎭ. == ᏗᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ == <gallery> RedSquare_(pixinn.net).jpg|[[ᎬᏂᎨ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏅᏏᏯ]] Banknote_5000_rubles_(1997)_front.jpg|[[ᏲᏂᏱ ᎠᏕᎳ]] Schi.jpg|[[ᏲᏂᏱ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ]] </gallery> == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Russia}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᏲᏂᎢ]] [[Category:ᏳᎳᏛ]] [[Category:ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 19uj6u0cc8syljlddbn6xsu2ajtm7la 50916 50891 2025-06-12T14:40:42Z Russesch 29253 50916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country | Long name = ᏲᏅᎯᎠᏰᏟ<br />Российская Федерация | Name = ᏲᏂᎢ | ᎦᏓᏘ = Flag of Russia.svg | Coat of arms = Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg | Location = Russian Federation (orthographic projection).svg | Area = 17,075,400 km2 | Population = 145,166,731 | Population year = 2002 | ᎠᏰᎵᎤ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎦᏬᏂᏏᏍᏗ = [[ᏲᏂᏱ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᏲᏂᏱ]] | ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ = [[Moscow|ᎹᏍᎪ]] | ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ = ᎹᏍᎪ | ᏚᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᏂᎰᏂ = [[ᏗᎻᏟ ᎺᏗᏪᏕᏫ|ᏗᎻᏟ ᎠᎾᏙᎵᏰᏫᏥ ᎺᏗᏪᏕᏫ]] <br /> <small>Дми́трий Анато́льевич Медве́дев <br /> ''(Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev)''</small> <br /> [[ᏩᎳᏗᎻᎠ ᏊᏘᏂ|ᏩᎳᏗᎻᎠ ᏩᎳᏗᎻᎶᏫᏥ ᏊᏘᏂ]] <br /> <small>Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин <br /> ''(Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin)''</small> | ᎠᏕᎳ = [[ᏲᏂᎢ ᎠᏕᎳ]] }} '''ᏲᏂᎢ''' ᎠᏰᏟ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ [[ᏳᎳᏈ|ᏳᎳᏉᎢ]] ᎠᎴ [[ᎡᏏᏱ|ᎡᏏᏲᎢ]]. [[ᎠᏂᏲᎾ]] [[ᎠᏂᏲᎾ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᏲᏂ]] ᎠᏂᏬᏂᎭ. == ᏗᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ == <gallery> RedSquare_(pixinn.net).jpg|[[ᎬᏂᎨ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏅᏏᏯ]] Banknote_5000_rubles_(1997)_front.jpg|[[ᏲᏂᏱ ᎠᏕᎳ]] Schi.jpg|[[ᏲᏂᏱ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ]] </gallery> == ᏫᏓᏎᏄᎢ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Russia}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᏲᏂᎢ]] [[Category:ᏳᎳᏛ]] [[Category:ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 0kbeg9n3d97xxzvwyheduuj7mxewtzq 0 4790 50911 44314 2025-06-12T14:38:00Z Russesch 29253 50911 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bright_red_tomato_and_cross_section02.jpg|thumb|right|ᏔᎹᏟ]] '''ᏔᎹᏟ''' ᎩᎦᎨᎢ ᎤᏓᏔᏅᎯ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎨᏐᎢ. {{Stub}} [[Category:Plantae]] [[Category:ᎤᎾᏓᏔᏅ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ]] [[Category:To be checked]] dt1rc83y1n6wf7rxhifzita5ws1zgyn 0 4814 50914 48711 2025-06-12T14:39:36Z Russesch 29253 50914 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:C-TableImage.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|ᎤᎦᏔ ᏅᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ ᏬᏗᎨ]] '''ᎤᎦᏔ ᏅᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ ᏬᏗᎨ ᎠᎴ ᎧᏉᏂ''' ([[ᎩᎵᏏ]]: ''Carbon'', '''C''') [[ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎫᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ]]. [[ᎠᏓᎻ]] ᎠᏎᏍᏗ – 6. {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎫᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ]] [[Category:To be checked]] k4iybatiweqqnu397g657ctufew10hv 0 4838 50918 48710 2025-06-12T14:41:29Z Russesch 29253 50918 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Cu-TableImage.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|ᎥᏣᏱ]] [[File:Tinned_Copper_Wire_anaglyph.jpg|thumb|upright]] '''ᎥᏣᏱ''' ([[ᎩᎵᏏ]]: ''Copper'', '''Cu''') [[ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎫᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ]]. [[ᎠᏓᎻ]] ᎠᏎᏍᏗ – 29. {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎫᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ]] [[Category:To be checked]] trh0i0ybbpwsye2uax31j9tdtessoel 0 6224 50888 42198 2025-06-12T14:22:27Z Russesch 29253 50888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country | Long name = ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎹᎾᎪ | Name = ᎹᎾᎪ | ᎦᏓᏘ = Flag of Monaco.svg | Coat of arms = Coat of arms of Monaco.svg | Location = Location Monaco Europe.png | ᎠᏰᎵᎤ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎦᏬᏂᏏᏍᏗ = [[ᎦᎸᏥ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᎦᎸᏥ]] | ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ = ᎹᎾᎪ | ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ = ᎹᎾᎪ | ᏚᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᏂᎰᏂ = Jean-Paul Proust | ᎠᏕᎳ = [[ᏳᎳᏛ]] ([[€]])<ref name=cldr>Common Data Locale Repository for Cherokee/Tsalagi.</ref> }} '''ᎹᎾᎪ''' [[ᏙᏱᏗᏢᎦᏚᎲ]] [[ᏳᎳᏛ]]-Ꮒ. ᎹᎾᎪ ᎠᏰᎵᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ [[ᎦᏚᎲᎢ]]. == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Monaco}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᎹᎾᎪ]] [[Category:ᏳᎳᏛ]] [[Category:ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ]] [[Category:To be checked]] dfrxsqhaj31jpxkielpsunnfjmjsqtv 50889 50888 2025-06-12T14:23:01Z Russesch 29253 50889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country | Long name = ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎹᎾᎪ | Name = ᎹᎾᎪ | ᎦᏓᏘ = Flag of Monaco.svg | Coat of arms = Coat of arms of Monaco.svg | Location = Location Monaco Europe.png | ᎠᏰᎵᎤ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᎦᏬᏂᏏᏍᏗ = [[ᎦᎸᏥ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ|ᎦᎸᏥ]] | ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ = ᎹᎾᎪ | ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᎦᏚᎲᎢ = ᎹᎾᎪ | ᏚᎬᏫᏳᎯ ᏂᎰᏂ = Jean-Paul Proust | ᎠᏕᎳ = [[ᏳᎳᏛ]] ([[€]]) }} '''ᎹᎾᎪ''' [[ᏙᏱᏗᏢᎦᏚᎲ]] [[ᏳᎳᏛ]]-Ꮒ. ᎹᎾᎪ ᎠᏰᎵᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ [[ᎦᏚᎲᎢ]]. == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Monaco}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᎹᎾᎪ]] [[Category:ᏳᎳᏛ]] [[Category:ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ]] [[Category:To be checked]] pcz3q91klhweaezyrnhc92amz7nsx2u 0 6394 50904 47234 2025-06-12T14:32:42Z Russesch 29253 50904 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Parliament Hill, Ottawa.jpg|thumb|250px|[[ᎠᏔᏩ, ᎨᎾᏓ|ᎠᏔᏩ]], [[ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ]] [[ᎧᎾᏓ]].]] '''ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᎢᏍᏗ'''. {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] ra5f50870hzqrtpgzv9v2gup0gda225 0 6418 50895 46484 2025-06-12T14:29:38Z Russesch 29253 50895 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:ZIP Code zones.svg|thumb|ᎪᏪᎵ ᏧᏪᏓᏍᏗ ᏗᏎᏍᏗ.]] '''ᎪᏪᎵ ᏧᏪᏓᏍᏗ ᏗᏎᏍᏗ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (goweli tsuwedasdi disesdi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|ZIP code}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:ᎠᎹᏰᏟ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 9tu091e93e5sfdgymc0pyj4mrxc1y7b 0 6443 50909 46504 2025-06-12T14:37:30Z Russesch 29253 50909 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Whirlpool.jpg|thumb|ᏃᏈᏏ ᎠᎾᏗᏆᎸᏕᏲᎲ]] '''ᏃᏈᏏ ᎠᎾᏗᏆᎸᏕᏲᎲ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (noquisi anadiqualvdeyohv). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Whirlpools}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] fil7i23bx8asuftvzwzpxng4u9oua6c 0 6452 50903 46565 2025-06-12T14:32:28Z Russesch 29253 50903 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Thunder lightning Garajau Madeira 289985700.jpg|thumb|ᏙᏯᏗᏜ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅᏍᎬ]] '''ᏙᏯᏗᏜ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅᏍᎬ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (doyadidla nigalistanvsgv) ᎠᎴ '''ᏙᏱᏗᏣ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ''' (doyiditsa nusdidanv). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Weather}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] czymw7rbtd68dfrcymjkgqjl5ag38ke 0 6497 50912 46439 2025-06-12T14:38:16Z Russesch 29253 50912 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NASA-HS201427a-HubbleUltraDeepField2014-20140603.jpg|thumb|ᎦᎸᎶᎯ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ]] '''ᎦᎸᎶᎯ ᎦᎸᎾᏗ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (galvlohi galvnadi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Universe}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] sjfa4hcf4fbozc3emm46g77y4vctg2t 0 6607 50896 46654 2025-06-12T14:29:52Z Russesch 29253 50896 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Cptvdisplay.jpg|thumb|ᎠᏓᏴᎳᏛᏍᎩ. ]] '''ᎠᏓᏴᎳᏛᏍᎩ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (adayvladvsgi), '''ᏗᎦᎸᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗᏍᎩ''' (didalvsadadisdisgi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Television}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] ri8a6diwb53miv281gjl25dnm7f62te 0 6677 50917 46380 2025-06-12T14:41:08Z Russesch 29253 50917 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Electrical and Mechanical Services Department Headquarters Photovoltaics.jpg|thumb|ᎤᎦᎵᏒ ᎤᏝᏂᎪᎯᏍᏗᏍᎩ]] '''ᎤᎦᎵᏒ ᎤᏝᏂᎪᎯᏍᏗᏍᎩ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (ugalisv utlanigohisdisgi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Solar Power}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 1bdi9rohe9486cnizxmgyc0c48xfhcf 0 6806 50897 46438 2025-06-12T14:30:17Z Russesch 29253 50897 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg|right|thumb|151x151px|ᎦᎸᎶ ᏗᎾᏕᏯᎵᏙᎯ]] '''ᎦᎸᎶ ᏗᎾᏕᏯᎵᏙᎯ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (galvlo dinadeyalidohi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Natural satellites}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] q1d7i86be2l9fpaj0e6mr72y62fcl2g 0 6807 50908 46430 2025-06-12T14:36:52Z Russesch 29253 50908 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Virus Blaster.jpg|thumb|250px|ᎥᎦᏔᎲ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᏰᏘᎯ]] '''ᎥᎦᏔᎲ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗᏍᎩ ᎤᏰᏘᎯ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (vgatahv asquanigodisgi uyetihi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Computer virus}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 4srnllben1bqniht0777qhlszdc2x66 0 6826 50900 46561 2025-06-12T14:31:29Z Russesch 29253 50900 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lungs diagram detailed.svg|thumb|ᏗᏛᎵᏗᏍᏙᏗ]] '''ᏗᏛᎵᏗᏍᏙᏗ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (didvlidisdodi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Lungs}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎬᏃᏓ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 42l7qtb3folz8gayjv0utj3o4pjlce3 0 6831 50892 48670 2025-06-12T14:27:52Z Russesch 29253 50892 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NGC_4414_(NASA-med).jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|ᏃᏈᏏ ᎤᎾᏓᎷᎬ]] '''ᏃᏈᏏ ᎤᎾᏓᎷᎬ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (noquisi unadalugv) '''ᏃᏈᏏ ᎤᎾᏓᏓᏍᎬ''' (noquisi unadadasgv) '''ᏃᏈᏏ ᏊᎥᏑᏚ''' (noquisi quuvsudu) ᎠᎴ '''ᏃᏈᏏ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎬ''' (noquisi unadatlugv). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Galaxies}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᎤᏁᎳᏅ ᎤᏬᏢᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 1izy4p6j5eyp0q3nvf7hj2mbegtd6j4 0 6836 50890 46649 2025-06-12T14:24:47Z Russesch 29253 50890 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Helium atom QM.svg|thumb|250px|ᎠᏓᎻ.]] '''ᎠᏓᎻ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (adami). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Atoms}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᎠᏑᏰᏗᏧᏓᎴᎲᏓᏅᏬᏘ]] [[Category:To be checked]] osjzpxbbatfz427d1zqx5iaprcz1k4d 0 6842 50898 46461 2025-06-12T14:30:58Z Russesch 29253 50898 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sérandite, natrolite, analcime, aegirine 300-4-2112.JPG|thumb|280px|ᎦᏙ ᏂᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ]] '''ᎦᏙ ᏂᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (gado nidayudalenv). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Minerals}} {{stub}} [[Category:ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ]] [[Category:To be checked]] glwtfbdg9b3j4hc29w4tjcyv4p1ppcv 0 6868 50901 46635 2025-06-12T14:31:45Z Russesch 29253 50901 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Game_pieces.jpg|thumb|ᎠᏁᏦᏗ]] '''ᎠᏁᏦᏗ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (anetsodi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Game}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] cd0yseblr757gvt18348ggnem4vwslv 0 6870 50899 46510 2025-06-12T14:31:14Z Russesch 29253 50899 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Patates.jpg|thumb|250px|ᏄᎾ]] '''ᏄᎾ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (nuna). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Potatoes}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᏗᎦᎪᎯᏗ]] [[Category:To be checked]] 0urb796c8vyi9i25flufheba2liogfb 0 6872 50894 46396 2025-06-12T14:28:53Z Russesch 29253 50894 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lautrec_in_bed_1893.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Masaai_blankets_at_the_Maasai_market._Nairobi_Kenya.jpg|thumb|ᎤᏁᎦᎭ.]] '''ᎤᏁᎦᎭ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (unegaha) ᎠᎴ '''ᏧᏍᏆᏅᎾ''' (tsusquanvna). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Blankets}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] az8jqp11c8ikveclx6fyovilg0pz4zl 0 6878 50893 46371 2025-06-12T14:28:21Z Russesch 29253 50893 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Trilobite Heinrich Harder.jpg|thumb|200px|ᎢᎸᎯᏳ ᏥᎨᏎ.]] '''ᎢᎸᎯᏳ ᏥᎨᏎ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (ilvhiyu tsigese). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Paleozoic}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎡᎶᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] o31bgmu9e9jtmuf4e6x1k5x0yi3uc16 0 6887 50905 46658 2025-06-12T14:32:54Z Russesch 29253 50905 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Louvre_Venus_de_Milo_DSC00900.jpg|thumb|ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ]] '''ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (atlilostanv). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ [[ᎪᏪᎵ]] == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Sculptures}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] rxbkx7m37h5qu2z7e69mgti2qsbhw4g 0 7093 50902 46550 2025-06-12T14:32:01Z Russesch 29253 50902 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Statua Iustitiae.jpg|thumb|ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ]] '''ᏗᎧᎿᏩᏛᏍᏗ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (dikahnawadvsdi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Law}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ]] [[Category:To be checked]] mul6tzx0vz1uf3fh07tqveh1p0fwq38 0 8789 50910 50523 2025-06-12T14:37:41Z Russesch 29253 50910 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tursiops truncatus 01.jpg|thumb|ᏗᏁᏍᏆᏕᎩ]] '''ᏗᏁᏍᏆᏕᎩ'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611143227/http://www.cherokee.org/Portals/0/Documents/Language/Consortium%20Word%20List.pdf "Consortium Word List."] 2016-04-15.</ref> (dinesquadegi). == ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ == {{reflist}} == ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ == {{Commonscat|Dolphin}} {{Stub}} [[Category:ᎬᏃᏓ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ]] [[Category:To be checked]] li4gkrvzfupx76a6jx01kim6pfno9i1 2 8857 50919 2025-06-12T16:26:13Z Mickie-Mickie 28290 ᏧᎦᏙᎬᏛᎢ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏛᏗᏜᎢ. 50919 wikitext text/x-wiki ᎤᎵᎮᎵᏍᏗ ᏕᏣᎪᏛᎢᏍᏗ ᏒᏂᏱᏍᏗ ᏧᏣᏁᎳ ᏧᎾᏛ ᎻᎩ-ᎻᎩ! 6cnh1eatzb4vqt7gudls4x7gzei7p3h