Wikiversity:Sandbox

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    <title>Wikiversity:Sandbox</title>
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  <page>
    <title>Acid–base chemistry</title>
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      <comment>missing word</comment>
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[[Image:Acid Titration.PNG|right]]
'''Acid/Base chemistry''' began with the Arrhenius model of acids and bases. This model states that molecules in water that release hydrogen ions (H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) are acids, while molecules in water that release hydroxide (OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) are bases.  This is not complete.  The current common definition of an acid and a base is based upon how the substance releases or attracts hydrogen ions (H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;).  Acids release H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ions that can turn neutral molecules into positively charged ions, while bases can attract H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ions from neutral molecules to produce negatively charged ions.  This definition allows for bases such as ammonia which does not contain a hydroxide ion.

In water solutions, acids affect water molecules, producing hydronium (H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) and bases also affect water molecules, producing hydroxide (OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) ions.  The relative strength of acids and bases is measured by their respective ion concentrations once dissolved.  The product of the hydronium ion (H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) concentration in water times the hydroxide ion concentration equals 1*10 to the -14th power.  When water is not the solvent, the product of the concentrations of the positive and negative ions produced by acids and bases also has a constant value, but the value is different for each solvent.

In water solutions, the pH is equal to the negative log of the hydronium ion (H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) concentration.  The pOH is equal to the negative log of the hydroxide ion (OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) concentration.  For typical solutions, pH varies between 0 and 14, with 7 (the pH of water) as neutral.  Each &quot;step&quot; below 7 is ten times more acidic (since it was derived from a power of ten). For concentrated solutions (&gt; 1 M) of strong acids or bases, solutions can have pH below 0 or above 14 respectively. However, considering the water system at 25 °C, the pH plus pOH of a substance is equal to 14. 

The notion of pH in fact depends on the considered solvent and can be extended to other non aqueous polar solvent systems with different autoprotolysis constant. In this case, the sum of pH and pOH is equal to the value of -log of this constant. 

For acids and bases that fit the Arrhenius model, a reaction between them always produce water and a salt.  Reactions between acids and metal always produce a salt and hydrogen gas.

An electrolyte is a substance, that forms solutions capable to carry electric current. 
== Operational and Conceptual definitions ==
*'''Operational definition''' deals with observable things.
*'''Conceptual definition''' deals with interpretation.


===Operational definition of bases===  

The fact that water dissociates to form H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ions in a reversible reaction is the basis for an operational definition of acids and bases that is more powerful than the definitions proposed by Arrhenius. In an operational sense, an acid is any substance that increases the concentration of the H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ion when it dissolves in water. A base is any substance that increases the concentration of the OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ion when it dissolves in water.

These definitions tie the theory of acids and bases to a simple laboratory test for acids and bases. To decide whether a compound is an acid or a base we dissolve it in water and test the solution to see whether the H+ or OH- ion concentration has increased.


===Conceptual definition of acids and bases.===       

'''Arrhenius theory'''

 
Svante Arrhenius concocted the first successful concept of acids and bases. He did this by defining acids and bases according to the effect these substances have on water. The Arrhenius concept of acids and bases is as follows: an acid is a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of the hydrogen ion, H+. A base is a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of the hydroxide ion, OH-. 
The hydrogen ion, is not just a bare proton, it is a proton bonded to a water molecule, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O. This results in a hydronium ion, H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;. 
In Arrhenius's theory, something that is a strong acid is a substance that completely ionizes in aqueous solution to give a hydronium ion, H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, and an anion. An anion is a negatively charged ion. An example of a strong acid is perchloric acid:

                       HClO&lt;sub&gt;4(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;(l)&lt;/sub&gt; -&gt; H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt;

What is going on above is that we have perchloric acid in an aqueous solution. This perchloric acid ionizes entirely and results in a hydronium ion and a perchlorate anion. Some other examples of strong acids would be: HI, HBr, HCl, HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;. 

Now on to bases...A strong base is something that completely ionizes in aqueous solution to give a hydroxide ion and a cation. A cation is a positively charged ion. Strong bases are most of the hydroxides of Group IA elements and Group IIA elements including LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Sr(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and Ba(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.

Many of the acids and bases that we encounter in our everyday lives are not strong acids, they are considered weak. Weak acids and bases do not completely ionize in solution, but exist in equilibrium.


'''Bronsted-Lowery Theory'''


The Bronsted-Lowery concept of acids and bases is that acid-base reactions can be seen as proton-transfer reactions. This results in acids and bases being able to be defined in terms of this proton (H+) transfer. According to the Bronsted-Lowery concept, acids donate a proton in a proton-transfer reactions. Bases accept the proton in a proton-transfer equation. As an example, lets look at the reaction of hydrochloric acid with ammonia. When we write it as an ionic equation we get: 

         H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + NH&lt;sub&gt;3(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; --&gt; H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;(l)&lt;/sub&gt; + NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt;


which reduces to:
        H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + NH&lt;sub&gt;3(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; --&gt; H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;(l)&lt;/sub&gt; + NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt;


because there are two Cl&lt;sub&gt;-(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; (one each side). We now have the net ionic equation after we cancel out the &quot;spectator ions&quot;(Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;).

What happens in this reaction in aqueous solution is a proton transfer. According to the Bronsted-Lowery concept, acids donate a proton in a proton-transfer reactions. Bases accept the proton in a proton-transfer equation. As an example, let's look at the reaction of hydrochloric acid with ammonia shown above. What happens in this reaction in aqueous solution is that a proton is transferred from H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; to NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. This results in H3O+ losing a (H+), resulting in H2O. The NH3 gains the transferred proton, resulting in NH&lt;sup&gt;4+&lt;/sup&gt;. We call H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; the proton donor, or acid. We call NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; the proton acceptor, or base.

The Bronsted-Lowery concept defines something as either an acid or base depending on its function in the acid-base (proton transfer) reaction. Some things can act as either an acid or a base. These are called amphoteric species, they can either lose or gain a proton, depending on the other reactant. An example of an amphoteric species would be HCO&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;. In the presence of OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, it acts as an acid. In the presence of HF it acts as a base. Water is also amphoteric, as are most anions with ionizable hydrogens and certain solvents. Water as an amphoteric species is very important to the acid-base reactions. 

In the Bronsted-Lowery concept we have found that:

1. A base is a species that accepts protons, while an acid is a species that donates protons.

2. Acids and bases can be ions as well as molecular substances.

3. Some species can act as either acids or bases, depending on what the other reactant is.

==Acid - Base reactions==                  
*[[w:Neutralization reaction|Neutralization reaction]] occurs, when equal quantities of acids and bases occurs. For example: H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ions react with OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ions, to make the H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O molecule. 
*Acid - base titration is the process of adding known molarity of acid or base to unknown molarity, until the neutralization will occur. The acid or base of known molarity called standard solution.  The endpoint of the reaction can be determined 
by acid - base indicators.
===Comolarity calculation===
The unknown molarity can be calculated from used volumes and molarity of known standard solution.
To do this, we have to balance the equation, and determine the ratio between the Acid and Base.
*Moles of acids = molarity × liters of acid.
*Moles of base = molarity × liters of base.
**If the ratio of this two equations is 1, then
**Liters of acids × Moles of acid = Liters of base × Moles of base.
**The unknown molarity can be calculated, from this relationship.

1) 23.45 mL of 0.275 M sodium hydroxide was used to titrate against mL of acetic acid. What was the concentration in M of acetic acid?

2) 17.05 mL of 0.247 M barium hydroxide was used to titrate against 10 mL of nitric acid. What was the concentration in M of nitric acid? 

3) 35.79 mL of 0.275 M sodium hydroxide was used to titrate against 15 mL of sulfuric acid. What was the concentration in M of sulfuric acid? 

4) 24.92 mL of 0.00199 M silver nitrate was used to titrate against 5 mL of sodium chloride solution. What was the concentration of NaCl? 

(a) 1.29 M 	(b) 0.842 M	(c) 0.328 M	(d)  9.92 M

===Normality of the solution===
Normality of the solution is the number of moles of (H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) or (OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) ions per solution. In general volumes and normality of reacting acids and bases are in inverse proportion. 
*Volume of Acids = Normality of bases.
*Volume of solution = Normality of acids.

===Conjugate acid - base pairs=== 
have chemical formula that differ by one H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; (they differ by both one H atom and by a +1 charge).  They typically appear in a chemical equation for an acid-base reaction, where one is a reactant and the other is a product.  Stronger acids have weaker conjugate bases, while stronger bases have weaker conjugate acids.  The strongest acids have conjugate bases that are so weak as to be non-basic.  The strongest bases have conjugate acids that are so weak as to be non-acidic.

===Ionization constant of acids=== 
Ionization constant (K&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;) is used to characterize the strength of acids. It is calculated like the constant of the following reaction.

                               &lt;math&gt;K_a = {[H^+] [B^-] \over [HB]}&lt;/math&gt;.

In language, the equilibrium expression reads; &quot;The dissociation constant of an acid is equal to the concentration of hydrogen ions times the concentration of the conjugate base of the acid divided by the concentration of un-ionized acid.
 
                               &lt;math&gt;K_B = {[X^+] [OH^-] \over [XOH]}&lt;/math&gt;.

Similarly, the equilibrium expression for a weak base reads: &quot;The dissociation constant of a base equals concentration of hydroxide ions times concentration of conjugate acid divided by the concentration of un-ionized base.

                                &lt;math&gt;K_W = {[H^+] [OH^-]}&lt;/math&gt;.

 
Where K&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt; is the equilibrium constant for water (unitless)

[H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;] is the molar concentration of hydrogen

[OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;] is the molar concentration of hydroxide

K&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; x K&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt; = K&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt; = 1.00x10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt;

===Hydrogen ion concentration.=== 
pH is defined as the negative value of the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.  In acidic solutions H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; concentration is larger than 10&lt;sup&gt;-7&lt;/sup&gt;. For example it can be 10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, which means pH = 3. Solutions with pH values less than 7 are acidic; solutions with pH values greater than 7 are basic (alkaline).  The range of pH is typically from 0 (strongly acidic) to 14 (strongly basic); more extreme values sometimes occur.


The acidity or basicity of a substance is defined most typically by the pH value, defined as below: 
 
At equilibrium, the concentration of H+ is 10&lt;sup&gt;-7&lt;/sup&gt;, so we can calculate the pH of water at equilibrium as: 

                          pH = -log[H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;]= -log[10&lt;sup&gt;-7&lt;/sup&gt;] = 7

Solutions with a pH of seven (7) are said to be neutral, while those with pH values below seven (7) are defined as acidic and those above pH of seven (7) as being basic. 

pOH gives us another way to measure the acidity of a solution. It is just the opposite of pH. A high pOH means the solution is acidic while a low pOH means the solution is basic. 

                                   pOH = -log[OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;]


'''&lt;u&gt;Strong Acids:&lt;/u&gt;''' These acids completely ionize in solution so they are always represented in chemical equations in their ionized form. There are only seven (7) strong acids: 
HCl, HBr, HI, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, HClO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, HClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;
To calculate a pH value, it is easiest to follow the standard &quot;Start, Change, Equilibrium&quot; process. 
Example Problem: Determine the pH of a 0.25 M solution of HBr.
 

'''&lt;u&gt;Weak Acids&lt;/u&gt;:''' These are the most common type of acids. They follow the equation: 

                               HA&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;---&gt; H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt; + A&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(aq)&lt;/sub&gt;

The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid is known as Ka. The larger the value of Ka, the stronger the acid. 
 
''&lt;u&gt;Example Problem:&lt;/u&gt; Determine the pH of .30 M acetic acid (HC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) with the K&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.8x10&lt;sup&gt;-5&lt;/sup&gt;.'' 


'''&lt;u&gt;Strong Bases:&lt;/u&gt;''' Like strong acids, these bases completely ionize in solution and are always represented in their ionized form in chemical equations. There are only eight (8) strong bases: 
LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Sr(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Ba(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

''&lt;u&gt;Example Problem:&lt;/u&gt; Determine the pH of a 0.010 M solution of Ba(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.''

 
'''&lt;u&gt;Weak Bases:&lt;/u&gt;''' They follow the equation: 

Weak Base + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O &lt;---&gt; conjugate acid + OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; 

example: NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O &lt;---&gt; NH&lt;sup&gt;4+&lt;/sup&gt; + OH&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;

K&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt; is the base-dissociation constant: 
 
K&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; x K&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt; = K&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt; = 1.00x10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt;

To calculate the pH of a weak base, we must follow a very similar &quot;Start, Change, Equilibrium&quot; process as we did with the weak acid, however we must add a few steps. 

''&lt;u&gt;Example Problem:&lt;/u&gt;'' Determine the pH of 0.15 M ammonia (NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) with a K&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;=1.8x10&lt;sup&gt;-5&lt;/sup&gt;.
 

When dealing with weak acids and weak bases, you also might have to deal with the &quot;common ion effect&quot;. This is when you add a salt to a weak acid or base that contains one of the ions present in the acid or base. To be able to use the same process to solve for pH when this occurs, all you need to change are your &quot;start&quot; numbers. Add the molarity of the ion, which comes from the salt, and then solve the Ka or Kb equation as you did earlier. 


''&lt;u&gt;Example Problem:&lt;/u&gt; Find the pH of a solution formed by dissolving 0.100 mol of'' ''HC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; with a K&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.8x10&lt;sup&gt;-8&lt;/sup&gt; and 0.200 mol of NaC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in a total volume of 1.00 L.''

==Salts==
Salt is one of the products of a neutralization. It is a compound containing at least one positive and one negative ion. All salts are strong electrolytes completely ionized by water. Some salts form acidic or basic solution. When it occurs this process is called hydrolysis. 

==See also==
* [[b:IB Chemistry Acids and Bases|IB Chemistry Acids and Bases]] at Wikibooks
* [[/Acid-base equilibrium/]]

==External links==
*[http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/Chemistry/courses/chem104/experiment4/movie.htm Titration: The Movie]
*[http://www.shsu.edu/%7Echm_tgc/sounds/titrate.mov another source for the first titration video] in case you have trouble downloading.
*[http://www.chem.ualberta.ca/~iip/chem211irc/TitrationVideo.html Additional titration videos]
[[Category:Pages moved from Wikibooks]]
[[Category:Acid–base chemistry| ]]
[[Category:Secondary_Science_Lessons]]
[[Category:Tertiary_Science_Lessons]]</text>
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    <title>Talk:Football (soccer)</title>
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      <comment>/* Off Sides */ Reply</comment>
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[[User:Student Galaxy|Student Galaxy]] 12:15, 26 November 2006 (UTC)

== Off Sides ==

Note: This is not the place for biograghies of any footballers, stadiums or teams. Just the teachings of football.

Nice work so far Galaxy!  I have played soccer in USA pickup games for several years now and been used as one of a group of &quot;practice dummies&quot; for some teams but I have trouble understanding the offsides rules.  Can you explain this for me somewhere in your lessons?  Thanks! [[User:Mirwin|Mirwin]] 22:19, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

:hello i like soccer for blud thormen [[Special:Contributions/122.148.32.99|122.148.32.99]] ([[User talk:122.148.32.99|discuss]]) 05:34, 4 June 2025 (UTC)

offside was already there, but I've made it a little easier to make it out in the text.
[[User:Student Galaxy|Student Galaxy]] 15:55, 14 December 2006 (UTC)</text>
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      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/122.148.32.99|122.148.32.99]] ([[User_talk:122.148.32.99|talk]]) to last version by [[User:Student Galaxy|Student Galaxy]] using [[Wikiversity:Rollback|rollback]]</comment>
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[[User:Student Galaxy|Student Galaxy]] 12:15, 26 November 2006 (UTC)

== Off Sides ==

Note: This is not the place for biograghies of any footballers, stadiums or teams. Just the teachings of football.

Nice work so far Galaxy!  I have played soccer in USA pickup games for several years now and been used as one of a group of &quot;practice dummies&quot; for some teams but I have trouble understanding the offsides rules.  Can you explain this for me somewhere in your lessons?  Thanks! [[User:Mirwin|Mirwin]] 22:19, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

offside was already there, but I've made it a little easier to make it out in the text.
[[User:Student Galaxy|Student Galaxy]] 15:55, 14 December 2006 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Calculus/Derivatives</title>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-02T21:48:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SFBB</username>
        <id>1300847</id>
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      <comment>/* d(x^n)/dx */</comment>
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      <text bytes="58802" sha1="ollp72g5xc4sgvzrw27iuqcc8jrz4nt" xml:space="preserve">== Derivative of a function ''f'' at a number ''a'' == 
=== Notation ===

We denote the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; as &lt;math&gt;f'(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.
=== Definition ===

The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; a is given by the following [[Calculus/Limits|limit]] (if it exists):&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
An analagous  equation can be defined by letting &lt;math&gt;x=(a+h)&lt;/math&gt;. Then &lt;math&gt;h=(x-a)&lt;/math&gt;, which shows that when &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f(x)-f(a)}{x-a}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;

=== Interpretations ===
==== As the slope of a tangent line ====
Given a function &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative &lt;math&gt;f '(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the slope of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}[[image:Graph of parabola and tangent line.png|400px]]{{center bottom}}
===== Example =====
Find the equation of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;y=x^2&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=1&lt;/math&gt;.
===== Solution =====
To find the slope of the tangent, we let &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and use our first definition:
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}(a+h)^2-(a)^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}a^2+2ah+h^2-a^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}h(2a+h)}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}{\color{Blue}(2a+h)}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
It can be seen that as &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;, we are left with &lt;math&gt;f'(a)={\color{Blue}2a}\,\!&lt;/math&gt;. If we plug in &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'({\color{Red}1})=2({\color{Red}1})\Rightarrow {\color{Red}2}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our preliminary equation for the tangent line is &lt;math&gt;y={\color{Red}2}x+b&lt;/math&gt;. By plugging in our tangent point &lt;math&gt;(1,1)&lt;/math&gt; to find &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;, we can arrive at our final equation:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;{\color{Red}1}=2({\color{Red}1})+b\Rightarrow -1=b&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our final equation is &lt;math&gt;y=2x-1\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

==== As a rate of change ====
The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the instantaneous rate of change of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;.

== The derivative as a function ==
So far we have only examined the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a certain number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;. If we move from the constant &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; to the variable &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;, we can calculate the derivative of the function as a whole, and come up with an equation that represents the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at any arbitrary &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; value. For clarification, the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;number&lt;/i&gt;, whereas the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;function&lt;/i&gt;.

=== Notation === 
Likewise to the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; is denoted &lt;math&gt;f'(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Definition === 
The derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is defined by the following limit:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
Also,
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow x}\frac{f(x)-f(h)}{x-h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
or
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x-h)}{2h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}

==d(x^n)/dx==

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Consider the sequences:

&lt;math&gt;y = x^2;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^2 = x^2 + 2xh + h^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^3;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^3 = x^3 + 3x^2h + 3xh^2 + h^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^4;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^4 = x^4 + 4x^3h + 6x^2h^2 + 4xh^3 + h^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^5;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^5 = x^5 + 5x^4h + 10x^3h^2 + 10x^2h^3 + 5xh^4 + h^5&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^6;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^6 = x^6 + 6x^5h\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^&gt;2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^n;\ y + \Delta y = (x + \Delta x)^n = x^n + nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^2&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = nx^{n-1}\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms with each and every term containing &lt;math&gt;\Delta x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx} = nx^{n-1}&lt;/math&gt; read as &quot;derivative with respect to &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; to the power &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.&quot;

Later it will be shown that this is valid for all real &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;, positive or negative, integer or fraction.

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===Examples===
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^4)}{dx} = 4x^{(4-1)} = 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(7x^5)}{dx} = 7\frac{d(x^5)}{dx} = 7(5x^4) = 35x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p^3)}{dx} = \frac{d(p^3)}{dp}&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx} = 3p^2&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(2t^2 - 7T^3 + x^7)}{dx} = 4t&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dt}{dx} - 7(3T^2)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dT}{dx} + 7x^6&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}{dx} = \frac{1}{3}x^{\frac{1}{3}-1} = \frac{1}{3}x^{-\frac{2}{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
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===Without Using Calculus===
====Derivative of cubic function====
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[[File:0604cubic00.png|thumb|400px|'''
Graph of cubic function illustrating use of associated quadratic.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 7.5,&lt;/math&gt; there is exactly 1 value of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that gives &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(7.5).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 3,&lt;/math&gt; there are 3 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(3).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(p, f(p))&lt;/math&gt; is a stationary point.
]]
In the diagram there is a stationary point at &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;
that produce &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to derive the condition that produces exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x.&lt;/math&gt;


See Cubic function as 
[[Cubic_function#Function_as_product_of_linear_function_and_quadratic | product]] 
of linear function and quadratic.

The associated quadratic when &lt;math&gt;x = p:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;B = Ap + b = ap+b&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C = Bp + c = app + bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;


Divide &lt;math&gt;g(x) = ax^2 + (ap+b)x + (ap^2 + bp + c)&lt;/math&gt; by &lt;math&gt;(x-p).&lt;/math&gt;

This division gives a quotient of &lt;math&gt;ax + (2ap+b)&lt;/math&gt; and remainder of 
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 3ap^2 + 2bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;

Factor &lt;math&gt;(x-p)&lt;/math&gt; divides &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; exactly. Therefore, remainder
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 0,&lt;/math&gt; the desired condition.

When &lt;math&gt;x = p,\ h(x) = 3ax^2 + 2bx + c,&lt;/math&gt; the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
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====Derivative of quartic function====
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The quartic function: &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = ax^4 + bx^3 + cx^2 + dx + e\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p + q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (2a).&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p - q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (3a).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) + (3a):\ + 2apppp + 12appqq + 2aqqqq + 2bppp + 6bpqq + 2cpp + 2cqq + 2dp + 2e\ \dots\ (4)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) - (3a):\ + 8apppq + 8apqqq + 6bppq + 2bqqq + 4cpq + 2dq\ \dots\ (5)&lt;/math&gt;

Reduce (4) and (5) and substitute Q for qq:

&lt;math&gt;+ apppp + 6appQ + aQQ + bppp + 3bpQ + cpp + cQ + dp + e\ \dots\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;+ 4appp + 4apQ + 3bpp + bQ + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5a)&lt;/math&gt;

Combine (4a) and (5a) to eliminate p and produce a function in Q:
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&lt;math&gt;C_{11}Q^{11} + C_{10}Q^{10} + C_9Q^9 +\ \cdots\ + C_2Q^2 + C_1Q + C_0&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;C_{11} = (- 65536aaaaaaaaaabb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_{10} = (- 131072aaaaaaaaaabd - 229376aaaaaaaaabbc + 94208aaaaaaaabbbb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cdots\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_2 = (- 8192aaaaaabdeeee + 20480aaaaaacddeee \cdots - 288aabbbccccddd + 32aabbccccccdd)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_1 = (- 4096aaaaaaddeeee - 4096aaaaabcdeeee \cdots + 64aabbcccccdde - 20aabbccccdddd)&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
C0 = (- 2048aaaaacddeeee + 768aaaaaddddeee + 1536aaaabcdddeee - 576aaaabdddddee
      + 1024aaaacccddeee - 1536aaaaccddddee + 648aaaacdddddde - 81aaaadddddddd
      - 1152aaabbccddeee + 480aaabbcddddee - 18aaabbdddddde + 640aaabcccdddee
      - 384aaabccddddde + 54aaabcddddddd - 128aaacccccddee + 80aaaccccdddde
      - 12aaacccdddddd + 216aabbbbcddeee - 81aabbbbddddee - 144aabbbccdddee
      + 86aabbbcddddde - 12aabbbddddddd + 32aabbccccddee - 20aabbcccdddde
      + 3aabbccdddddd)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Coefficient of interest is &lt;math&gt;C_0&lt;/math&gt; which is in fact the value &lt;math&gt;Rs - Sr.&lt;/math&gt;
See [[Quartic_function#Equal_roots | Equal Roots]] of Quartic Function.


If &lt;math&gt;C_0 == 0,\ q = Q = 0&lt;/math&gt; is a solution and &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; contains at least 2 roots of format
&lt;math&gt;p+0, p-0.&lt;/math&gt; In other words 2 equal roots where &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;Q == 0,\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(5a)&lt;/math&gt; become:

&lt;math&gt;ap^4 + bp^3 + cp^2 + dp + e\ \dots\ (4b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4ap^3 + 3bp^2 + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(4b)&lt;/math&gt; is equivalent to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;(5b)&lt;/math&gt; is derivative of &lt;math&gt;(4b).&lt;/math&gt;
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==Product Rule==

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = U(x);\ v = V(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = (u + \Delta u)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;(v + \Delta v) = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v + u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} 
+ \frac{(\Delta u)(\Delta v)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dv}{dx} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{du}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}.&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = mx^{m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  ny^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  n(x^{\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  nx^{m - \frac{m}{n}}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{m - 1 - m + \frac{m}{n} }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a positive fraction.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-n} = \frac{1}{x^n}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;yx^n = 1&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ynx^{n-1} + x^n\frac{dy}{dx} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{ynx^{n-1}}{x^n} = -\frac{nx^{n-1}}{x^{n}x^n} = -nx^{n-1}x^{-2n} = -nx^{-n-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid for negative &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^{-m}&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\frac{dy}{dx} = -mx^{-m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{ny^{n-1}} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{n(x^{-\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{nx^{-m+\frac{m}{n}}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-m-1+m-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-\frac{m}{n}-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a negative fraction.
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==Quotient rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = \frac{U(x)}{V(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{u}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv = u&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv' + vy' = u'&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;vy' = u' - yv' = u' - \frac{uv'}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{u'}{v} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu'}{v^2} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu' - uv'}{v^2}&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of trigonometric functions==

===sine(x)===
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin (x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = \sin (x + \Delta x) = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x) - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x} + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} &lt;/math&gt;

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ (math.cos(Δx)-1)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[-0.049958347219742905, -0.004999958333473664, -0.0004999999583255033, 
-4.999999969612645e-05, -5.000000413701855e-06, -5.000444502911705e-07, 
-4.9960036108132044e-08, 0.0, 0.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)-1}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{-\sin(\Delta x)}{1} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ math.sin(Δx)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[0.9983341664682815, 0.9999833334166665, 0.9999998333333416, 
0.9999999983333334, 0.9999999999833332, 0.9999999999998334, 
0.9999999999999983, 1.0, 1.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)}{1} = 1&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;0 + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

====Proof of 2 limits====

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[[File:0603D(sin(theta)).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;


In the diagram &lt;math&gt;OA = OB = 1.&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;OC = OD = \cos(\theta).&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;CB = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;S&lt;/math&gt; be the area of a sector of a circle. Then &lt;math&gt;\frac{S}{\pi r^2} = \frac{\theta}{2\pi}&lt;/math&gt; 
and &lt;math&gt;S = \frac{\theta r^2}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD = \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;OCB = \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB = \frac{\theta \cdot 1^2}{2} = \frac{\theta}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\theta\ \ge\ \sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)\ \ge\ \theta \cos^2(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}   \frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\cos(\theta)  &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;1 \ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ 1 &lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta } = 1.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{1 + \cos(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} (-1)\cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot 1 \cdot  \frac{ 0}{1 + 1}  = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
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===cosine(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(x) = \sqrt{1 - \sin^2(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 1 - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;2y&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -(2\sin(x)\cos(x))&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{\sin(x)\cos(x)}{\cos(x)} = -\sin(x).&lt;/math&gt;

===tan(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \tan(x) = \frac{\sin(x)}{\cos(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cos(x) = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;y(-\sin(x)) + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x) + y\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\cos(x) + \tan(x)\sin(x)}{\cos(x)} = 1 + \tan^2(x) = \sec^2(x)&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions==

===arcsine(x)===


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[[File:20200207arcsin(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\cos(y)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin ^2(y)}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;


In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x),\ x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt;= y &gt;= \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arccosine(x)===

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[[File:20200209arccos(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = -\sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sin(y)} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - \cos ^2(y)}} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x),\ x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\pi &gt;= y &gt;= 0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;-1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arctan(x)===

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[[File:20200209arctan(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \sec^2(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sec^2(y)} = \cos^2(y) = \frac{1}{1 + x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x),\ x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt; y &gt; \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 + x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm \infty&lt;/math&gt;
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==Derivatives of logarithmic functions==

===a^x or &lt;math&gt;a^x&lt;/math&gt;===
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&lt;math&gt;y = a^x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = a^{x + \Delta x} = a^xa^{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = a^xa^{\Delta x} - a^x = a^x(a^{\Delta x} - 1)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = a^x \cdot \frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

Consider the value &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; specifically 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;. L'Hôpital's rule cannot be used here because
&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(a^x)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; is what we are trying to find.

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{a}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^3}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\sqrt{a}}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^n}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; times.

We will look at the expression &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; for different values of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
with &lt;math&gt;\Delta x = \frac{1}{2^{70}} = 8.5e-22&lt;/math&gt; (approx) in which case the expression becomes
&lt;math&gt;(a^{1/2^{70}} - 1)*(2^{70})&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a^{1/2^{70}}&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt[70]{a}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken 
&lt;math&gt;70&lt;/math&gt; times. This approach is used here because function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; can be written so 
that it does not depend on logarithmic or exponential operations.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v2 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v2
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(8)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v8
Decimal('2.07944154167983592825352768227031325913255072732801782513664')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(32)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v32 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v32
Decimal('3.46573590279972654709124760144583715956091114572543812435968')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(128)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v128 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v128
Decimal('4.85203026391961716593059535875094644210510807293198187102208')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Compare the values &lt;code&gt;v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;v2&lt;/code&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8/v2; v32/v2; v128/v2
Decimal('3.00000000000000000000176135549769209744528640235368520610520')
Decimal('5.00000000000000000000587118499230699148996545343403093128046')
Decimal('7.00000000000000000001232948848384468209997247971055570994695')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

We know that &lt;math&gt;8 = 2^3;\ 32 = 2^5;\ 128 = 2^7&lt;/math&gt;. The values &lt;code&gt;v2, v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; are behaving like logarithms.
In fact &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; is the natural logarithm of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
written as &lt;math&gt;\ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:20200206ln(a).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Graphs of ''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; ''' for a = ''' &lt;math&gt;2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; '''.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

Figure 5 contains graphs of &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a = 2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; with 
graph of &lt;math&gt;\frac{e^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; included for reference.

All values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; are valid for all curves except where &lt;math&gt;x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

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The correct value of &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; is:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; Decimal(2).ln()
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Our calculation produced:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

accurate to 21 places of decimals, not bad for one line of simple python code using high-school math.
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This method for calculation of &lt;math&gt;\ln(a)&lt;/math&gt; supposes that function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; is available.

Programming language python interprets expression &lt;code&gt;a**b&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;math&gt;a^b.&lt;/math&gt;
Therefore, in python, &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; can be calculated in accordance with the basic definition above:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; getcontext().prec
101 # Precision of 101.
&gt;&gt;&gt; dx = Decimal('1E-50')
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**dx - 1)/dx
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941723212145817656807550013436026') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**(-dx) - 1)/(-dx)
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360253') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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When &lt;math&gt;y = a^x, \frac{dy}{dx} = a^x \cdot \ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

The base of natural logarithms is the value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; that gives 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x} = 1.&lt;/math&gt;

This value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, usually called &lt;math&gt;e, = 2.718281828459045235360287471352662497757247093699959574.....&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=e=Decimal(1).exp();N
Decimal('2.71828182845904523536028747135266249775724709369995957496697')
&gt;&gt;&gt; ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70)
Decimal('1.0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0423_51647362715016770651530003719651328')
&gt;&gt;&gt; # ln(e) = 1. Our calculation of ln(e) is accurate to 21 places of decimals.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;a = e, \frac{d(e^x)}{dx} = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\ln(e) = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = e^x.&lt;/math&gt;
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===ln(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{e^y} = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

====Examples====

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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(ax)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(ax) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(a) + \ln(x)) = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(a) + \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(x^a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x^a) = \frac{d}{dx}(a \cdot \ln(x)) = a \cdot \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{a}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot \ln(y) = m\cdot \ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot\frac{1}{y}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}\cdot\frac{y}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot\frac{x^{\frac{m}{n}}}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1 }&lt;/math&gt;

Careful manipulation of logarithms converts exponents into simple constants.
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==Chain rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = G(H(I(x)))&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(2x)&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = \cos(u)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = 2x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du}\cdot\frac{du}{dx}\\
              =&amp; -\sin(u)\cdot     2\\
              =&amp; -2\sin(2x)\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin^2(\ln(5x))&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u^2&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = \sin(v);\ v = \ln(w);\ w = 5x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dv} \cdot \frac{dv}{dw} \cdot \frac{dw}{dx}\\
              =&amp; 2u \cdot \cos(v) \cdot \frac{1}{w} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(v) \cdot \cos(\ln(w)) \cdot \frac{1}{5x} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(w)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(5x)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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==Applications of the Derivative==
===Shape of curves===

The first derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = y'&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;
As shown above, &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; at any point &lt;math&gt;x_1&lt;/math&gt; gives the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt;
at point &lt;math&gt;x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;f'(x_1)&lt;/math&gt; is the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:0422xx_x_2.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt;and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0.5,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is absolute minimum.]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;

Of special interest is the point at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.5^2 - 0.5 - 2 = -2.25.&lt;/math&gt;

The point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is called a critical point or stationary point of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one solution for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one critical point.

The value of &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is less than &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at both
&lt;math&gt;(0, -2),\ (1,-2).&lt;/math&gt; Therefore the critical point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is a minimum of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;

In this curve &lt;math&gt;y = x^2 - x - 2,&lt;/math&gt; the point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is both local minimum and absolute minimum.
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[[File:0423_2x^3+3x^2-12x-8.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -2&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -3,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.5.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 2,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum.
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum.
]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;


Of special interest are the points at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = -2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.5&lt;/math&gt; or

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1\frac{7}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

The points &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5),\ (1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; are critical or stationary points of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two real solutions for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two critical points.


Slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is positive and
adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is negative.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum. Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute maximum.


Adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is negative and
slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is positive.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum. Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute minimum.
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===Maxima and Minima===

====Electric water heater====
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[[File:0304_1150WaterHeater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(a): Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;V = f(r)&lt;/math&gt; '''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr}&lt;/math&gt;''' for &lt;math&gt;S = 100&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;
'''with &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed.'''&lt;/br&gt;
For maximum &lt;math&gt;V,\ r = \sqrt{\frac{S}{3\pi}} = 3.257\dots&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;V = 108.578\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]
A cylindrical water heater is standing on its base on a hard rubber pad that is a perfect thermal insulator.
The vertical curved surface and the top are exposed to the free air. The design of the cylinder requires that the volume of the cylinder 
should be maximum for a given surface area exposed to the free air. What is the shape of the cylinder?

Let the height of the cylinder be &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; and let &lt;math&gt;h = Kr&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;r&lt;/math&gt;
is the radius and &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; is a constant.

Surface of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = S = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r h  = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r (Kr) = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r^2K&lt;/math&gt;

Volume of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = V = \pi r^2h = \pi r^2(Kr) = \pi r^3K&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;K = \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = \pi r^3 \cdot \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2} = \frac{r(S - \pi r^2)}{2} = \frac{rS - \pi r^3}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = \frac{S - 3\pi r^2}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;S - 3\pi r^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;S = 3\pi r^2;\ \pi r^2(1 + 2K) = 3\pi r^2;\ 1 + 2K = 3;\ K =1.&lt;/math&gt;

The height of the cylinder equals the radius.
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====Square and triangle====

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[[File:0224_0145SandT0.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(b): Graph of parabola''' &lt;math&gt;A = f(s)&lt;/math&gt; 
'''with''' &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt;
'''axis compressed.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
A square of side &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_s = 4h&lt;/math&gt; and area
&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2.&lt;/math&gt;

An equilateral triangle of side &lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_t = 3s&lt;/math&gt;
and area &lt;math&gt;A_t = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;P_s + P_t = 50.&lt;/math&gt;

Total area &lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_ t&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; must be minimum. What is the value of
&lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;4h + 3s = 50&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{50 - 3s}{4}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2 = (\frac{50 - 3s}{4})^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_t&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{16}(2500 - 300s + 9s^2 + 4\sqrt{3}s^2)&lt;/math&gt;

For minimum &lt;math&gt;A,\ \frac{dA}{ds} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-300 + 2(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 150&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;s = \frac{150}{9 + 4\sqrt{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 9.417\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====County Road====

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[[File:0304_1916CountyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(c): Plan of county road between Town A and Town B to be constructed so that cost is minimum.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]

Town B is 40 miles East and 50 miles North of Town A. The county is going to construct a road from Town A to Town B.
Adjacent to Town A the cost to build a road is $500k/mile.
Adjacent to Town B the cost to build a road is $200k/mile.
The dividing line runs East-West 30 miles North of Town A.
Calculate the position of point C so that the cost of the road from Town A to Town B is minimum.

Let point &lt;math&gt;C = (x,30).&lt;/math&gt;

Then distance from Town A to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{x^2 + 30^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + 900}.&lt;/math&gt;

Distance from Town B to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{(40-x)^2 + 20^2} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{1600 - 80x + x^2 + 400} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}.&lt;/math&gt;
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[[File:0305_1504CostOfCtyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(d): Graphs showing cost of county road &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Curve showing &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; is actually &lt;math&gt;\frac{f(x)}{10}&lt;/math&gt;.
&lt;/br&gt;
Cost is minimum where &lt;math&gt;x = 10.523\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]

Cost &lt;math&gt;= 5\sqrt{x^2 + 900} + 2\sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}&lt;/math&gt; in units of $100k.

For minimum cost &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 900}} + 2\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{5x}{\sqrt{x^2+900}} + \frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5x\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2} + (-80+2x)\sqrt{x^2+900} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;x = 10.52322823517\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====Cardboard box====

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[[File:0307_1747box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(e): Sheet of cardboard to be cut and folded to make box of maximum possible volume.'''&lt;/br&gt;
Cut on purple lines, fold on red lines.&lt;/br&gt;
Design of box includes top.
]]

A piece of cardboard of length &lt;math&gt;4\ ft&lt;/math&gt; and width &lt;math&gt;3\ ft&lt;/math&gt;
will be used to make a box with a top. Some waste will be cut out of the piece of cardboard
and the remaining cardboard will be folded to make a box so that the volume of the box is maximum.

What is the height of the box?
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[[File:0309_1757box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(f): Curves associated with design of cardboard box.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 0&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;V&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when &lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
]]

&lt;math&gt;2h + l = 3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2w + 2h = 4;\ w + h = 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = lwh = (3 - 2h)(2 - h)h = 2h^3 - 7h^2 + 6h&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 6h^2 - 14h + 6 = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;3h^2 - 7h + 3 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6} = 6.788\dots&lt;/math&gt; inches.
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====Solving ellipse at origin====
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[[File:0316ellipse01.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Graph of ellipse showing semi-chord through center.'''&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum, length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum, length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;
]]

An ellipse with center at origin has equation:
&lt;math&gt;Ax^2 + Bxy + Cy^2 + F = 0\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

Given values &lt;math&gt;A, B, C, F&lt;/math&gt; calculate:

* length of major axis

* length of minor axis.

In Figure 1 &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is any line from origin to ellipse and &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt;
is angle between &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt; axis and &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; so that length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum,
in which case length of major axis = &lt;math&gt;2t.&lt;/math&gt;
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Let &lt;math&gt;c = \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;s = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Then 
&lt;math&gt;x = t \cos(\theta) = tc,&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;y = t \sin(\theta) = ts.&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute these values in  &lt;math&gt;(1):&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Attcc + Bttcs + Cttss + F = 0\ \dots\ (2)&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{dt}{d\theta}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A(tt(-2cs) + cc2tt') + B(tt(cc-ss) + cs2tt') + C(tt(2sc) + ss2tt') = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Att(-2cs) + Acc2tt' + Btt(cc-ss) + Bcs2tt' + Ctt(2sc) + Css2tt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-2Attcs + Acc2tt' + Bttcc-Bttss + Bcs2tt' + 2Cttsc + 2Csstt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + Acc2tt' + 2Bcstt' + 2Csstt' - 2Attcs + Bttcc - Bttss + 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + t'(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst) = + 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{+ 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc}{(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst)}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum or minimum &lt;math&gt;t:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - Bcc + Bss - 2Csc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - 2Csc = Bcc - Bss &lt;/math&gt;

Square both sides, substitute &lt;math&gt;1 - ss&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;cc&lt;/math&gt; and result is:

&lt;math&gt;aS^2 + bS + c = 0\ \dots\ (3)&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;S = \sin^2(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a = (+ 4AA - 8AC + 4BB + 4CC)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;b = -a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c = BB&lt;/math&gt;
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=====An example=====
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Let equation of ellipse be: &lt;math&gt;55x^2 - 24xy + 48y^2 - 2496 = 0&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; A,B,C = 55,-24,48
&gt;&gt;&gt; a = (+ 4*A*A - 8*A*C + 4*B*B + 4*C*C);a
2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; b = -a;b
-2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; c = B*B;c
576
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b,c = [v/4 for v in (a,b,c)] ; a,b,c
(625.0, -625.0, 144.0)
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .36
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .64
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The solutions of quadratic equation &lt;math&gt;(3)&lt;/math&gt; are &lt;math&gt;.36&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;.64&lt;/math&gt;.

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.6&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.8&lt;/math&gt;.

From &lt;math&gt;(2)&lt;/math&gt; above: &lt;math&gt;t = \sqrt{\frac{-F}{Acc + Bcs + Css}}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
A,B,C,F = 55,-24,48, -2496

t1 = (0.6, 0.8)
dict1 = dict()

for v1 in (t1, t1[::-1]) :
    c1,s1 = v1
    for c in (c1,-c1) :
        for s in (s1,-s1) :
            t = (-F/( A*c*c + B*c*s + C*s*s ))**.5
            if t in dict1 : dict1[t] += ((c,s),)
            else : dict1[t] = ((c,s),)

L1 = [ (v, dict1[v]) for v in sorted([ v for v in dict1 ]) ]

for v in L1 : print (v)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
(6.244997998398398, ((0.8, -0.6), (-0.8, 0.6)))
(6.34287855135306,  ((0.6, -0.8), (-0.6, 0.8)))
(7.806247497997998, ((0.8, 0.6), (-0.8, -0.6)))
(7.999999999999999, ((0.6, 0.8), (-0.6, -0.8)))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Minimum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 6.244997998398398.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2 * 6.244997998398398&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 7.999999999999999.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 8 * 2&lt;/math&gt;

=====Gallery=====
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0319ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.8,-0.6],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{-3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0317ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.6,0.8],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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===Rates of Change===

====The car jack====

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[[File:0216_0705Carjack1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Photo of car jack illustrating horizontal''' &lt;math&gt;(BC)&lt;/math&gt; '''and vertical''' &lt;math&gt;(CA)&lt;/math&gt; '''rates of change.'''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

In triangle &lt;math&gt;ABC&lt;/math&gt; to the right:

* length &lt;math&gt;AB = 10&lt;/math&gt; inches, 

* length &lt;math&gt;BC = x&lt;/math&gt; inches and is horizontal,

* length &lt;math&gt;CA = y&lt;/math&gt; inches and is vertical,

* &lt;math&gt;\angle ABC = \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

Point &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is moving towards point &lt;math&gt;C&lt;/math&gt; at the rate of &lt;math&gt;5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.
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=====Vertical motion=====

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[[File:0216_0901CarJack3.png|thumb|400px|'''
Figure 3: Curves and values associated with car jack.'''&lt;/br&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
At what rate is point &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; moving upwards:

(a) when &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(b) when &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(c) when &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ&lt;/math&gt;?

We have to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is given.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x^2 + y^2 = 10^2&lt;/math&gt; (equation of circle)

&lt;math&gt;y = \sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 100 - x^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = -2x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-2x}{2y} = \frac{-x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

For convenience we'll use the negative value of the square root and say that &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}.&lt;/math&gt;

Relative to line &lt;math&gt;BC:&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 2.06\cdot5 = 10.3&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 0.1\cdot5 = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ, x = 10\cdot\cos 45^\circ = 7.071&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = 1\cdot 5 = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

This example highlights the mechanical advantage of this simple but effective tool. When the top of the jack is low, it moves quickly.
As the jack takes more and more weight, the top of the jack moves more slowly.
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=====Change of area=====

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[[File:0220_1007CarJack4.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; 
'''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;'''.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;b = h = \sqrt{50} = 10\cos(45^{\circ})&lt;/math&gt;
]]

At what rate is the area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; changing when

(i) &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(ii) &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(iii) &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt;
and &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt} = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches &lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt; minute.

&lt;math&gt;a = \frac{b\cdot h}{2} = \frac{x \cdot y}{2} = \frac{x\sqrt{100 - x^2}}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a = x\sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4a^2 = x^2(100 - x^2) = 100x^2 - x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;8a\cdot\frac{da}{dx} = 200x - 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = \frac{200x - 4x^3}{8a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{2a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{ x\sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{50 - x^2}{ \sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{da}{dx} = 7.11\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is increasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 7.11\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{da}{dx} = -4.92\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 4.92\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ},\ h = b = x = y = 10\cos(45^{\circ}) = 10\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = 5\sqrt{2},\ &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = 0,\ a&lt;/math&gt; is a maximum of &lt;math&gt;25&lt;/math&gt; square inches and &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;&lt;/math&gt;
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====On the clock====

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[[File:20200229clock.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Image of analog clock showing minute and hour hands at ''' &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; '''o'clock.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
An old fashion analog clock with American style face (12 hours) keeps accurate time.
The length of the minute hand is &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches and the length of the hour hand is &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; inches.

At what rate is the tip of the minute hand approaching the tip of the hour hand at 3 o'clock?

Let &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; be distance between the two tips.

The task is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{d\theta}\cdot \frac{d\theta}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; is
angle subtended by side &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; at center of clock.

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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt}:&lt;/math&gt;

Angular velocity of minute hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{1}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

Angular velocity of hour hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{12} = \frac{\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt} =&lt;/math&gt; angular velocity of minute hand relative to hour hand &lt;math&gt;= 2\pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{11\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.
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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot 4\cdot\cos \theta = 25 - 24\cos \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a\cdot\frac{da}{d\theta} = 24\sin \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta} = \frac{24\sin \theta}{2a} = \frac{24\sin 90^\circ}{2\cdot 5} = \frac{24}{10} = 2.4.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 2.4\cdot\frac{11\pi}{6} = 4.4\pi&lt;/math&gt; inches/hour.
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====Radar Speed Trap====

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[[File:20200314radarSpeedTrap.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Multi-lane highway oriented East-West.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AB = c = 200&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;BC = a = 50&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AC = b&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.
]]

A multi-lane highway is oriented East-West. A vehicle is moving in the inside lane from West to East.
A law-enforcement officer with a radar gun is in position 50 feet South of the center of the inside lane.
When the vehicle is 200 feet from the radar gun, it shows the vehicle's speed to be 60 mph.
What is the actual speed of the vehicle?

Let length &lt;math&gt;AC = b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{db}{dc}\cdot\frac{dc}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.


The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dc}:&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\ \ \ \ &amp;b^2 = c^2 - a^2;\ b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}\\
        &amp;2b\cdot \frac{db}{dc} = 2c\\
        &amp;\frac{db}{dc} = \frac{2c}{2b} = \frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2 - a^2}}
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{200}{\sqrt{200^2 - 50^2}}\cdot 60 = 61.967\dots&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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====On the Water====

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A ship is at sea &lt;math&gt;15&lt;/math&gt; nautical miles East and &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles South of a lighthouse, and the ship is steaming South-West at &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles/hour or &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

At what rate is ship approaching lighthouse?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot\frac{da}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; knots.
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[[File:0411onTheWater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram indicating position, course and speed of ship relative to lighthouse.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\angle BCA = \angle \theta.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2c\cdot\frac{dc}{da} = 2a - 2b\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da} = \frac{a - b\cos\theta}{c} = -0.291161615782696&lt;/math&gt;

The &lt;math&gt;-&lt;/math&gt; sign indicates that, when &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is increasing,
&lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing.
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot10&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 2.91161615782696&lt;/math&gt; knots towards the lighthouse.
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====Reciprocating engine====
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[[File:0413reciprocatingEngine.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating mathematical relationship between piston, connecting rod and crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
The diagram illustrates the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft 
of an internal combustion reciprocating engine.

The connecting rod &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is connected to piston on &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis,
and to crankshaft at end of &lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; axis.

This section analyzes the motion of the piston as the crankshaft rotates through angle 
&lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and the piston moves up and down on the &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis.
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=====Position of piston=====

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[[File:0413positionOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Diagram showing position of piston as a function of rotation of crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Piston moves up and down between &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;18&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;18 \ge y \ge 8&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;a^2 = y^2 + c^2 - 2yc\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2c\cos(x)y + c^2 - a^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2(5)\cos(x)y + (5)^2 - (13)^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10\cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ (10\cos(x))^2 -4(-144) } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 100(\cos(x))^2 + 576 } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = 5\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 25(\cos(x))^2 + 144 }&lt;/math&gt;
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Code supplied to grapher (without white space) is:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)(cos(x)) + ( ((25)((cos(x))^2) + 144 )^(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
When expressed in this way, it's easy to convert the code to python code:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)*(cos(x)) + ( ((25)*((cos(x))**2) + 144 )**(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Positions of interest:
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0624TopDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at top dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624BottomDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at bottom dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624PistonHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624CrankHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of crank half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624ConnRodTangential.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of connecting rod tangential to crank.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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=====Velocity of piston=====

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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Diagram showing velocity of piston as a function of position of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Strictly speaking, velocity &lt;math&gt;= \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
At constant RPM, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is constant. Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;
is used to illustrate velocity.
]]
Calculation of &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; by implicit differentiation.

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10 \cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10(\cos(x)y' + y(-\sin(x)) ) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10\cos(x)y' + 10\sin(x)y  = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cdot y' - 5\cos(x)y' = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'(y - 5\cos(x)) = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{5\sin(x)y}{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;
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=====Acceleration of piston=====

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[[File:0413accelerationOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4a: Diagram showing acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Negative acceleration has a greater absolute value than the positive, but it does not last as long.
]]
Acceleration introduces the second derivative. While velocity was the first derivative of position with respect to time,
acceleration is the first derivative of velocity or the second derivative of position.

From velocity above &lt;math&gt;yy' - 5\cos(x)y' + 5\sin(x)y = 0&lt;/math&gt;

By implicit differentation:

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5(\cos(x)y'' + y'(-\sin(x))) + 5(\sin(x)y' + y\cos(x)) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5\cos(x)y'' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' - 5\cos(x)y'' = -( y'y' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y''(y - 5\cos(x)) = -( y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'' = \frac{y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) }{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute for &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; as defined above, and you see the code input to grapher
at top of diagram to right.
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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder(closeup).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4b: Diagram showing &quot;irregularities&quot; in the curve of velocity while velocity is increasing.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed to illustrate shape of curves.
]]
&quot;Kinks&quot; in the curve:

It is not obvious by looking at the curve of velocity that there are slight irregularities in the curve when velocity is increasing.

However, the irregularities are obvious in the curve of acceleration.

During one revolution of the crankshaft there is less time allocated for negative acceleration than for positive acceleration.
Therefore, the maximum absolute value of negative acceleration is greater than the maximum value of positive acceleration.
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=====Minimum and maximum velocity=====

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[[File:0414maxVelocity.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Diagram showing positions of maximum velocity of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
In the first quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 0^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
In the second quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 180^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
Therefore, in the first quadrant, acceleration must be greater than in the second quadrant.
]]
Velocity is rate of change of position. See also Figure 3 above.


Minimum velocity:

Velocity is zero when slope of curve of position is zero.
This occurs at top dead center and at bottom dead center, ie, when 
&lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;x = \pi.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum velocity:

Intuition suggests that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the connecting rod is tangent
to the circle of the crankshaft. In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arctan(\frac{13}{5}) = 68.96\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;

or, that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the piston is half-way between top dead center and bottom dead center.
In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arccos(\frac{2.5}{13}) = 78.9\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;


However, velocity is maximum when acceleration is &lt;math&gt;0,&lt;/math&gt;
which occurs when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm 71.26\dots^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;

Suppose that the engine is rotating at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;955&lt;/math&gt; RPM.

&lt;math&gt;v_{max} = y' \frac{inches}{radian} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(v_{max}) = 5.36 (100)&lt;/math&gt; inches/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;30.5&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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=====Minimum and maximum acceleration=====

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[[File:0625MaxAcc1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Diagram showing positions of minimum and maximum acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity. See also Figures 4a and 4b above.


Minimum acceleration:

Acceleration is zero when slope of curve of velocity is zero. This occurs at maximum velocity or when 
&lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 71.3^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum acceleration:

Acceleration is maximum when slope of curve of velocity is maximum.

Maximum negative acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum negative. This happens at top dead center
when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum positive acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum positive. This happens before and after bottom
dead center when &lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 127^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Let the engine continue to rotate at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second.

&lt;math&gt;acc_{max} = y''\frac{inches}{radian^2}\cdot 100\frac{radians}{second} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(acc_{max}) = 6.92*100*100&lt;/math&gt; inches/second&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt; or approx. &lt;math&gt;180&lt;/math&gt; times 
the acceleration due to terrestrial gravity.

This maximum value of acceleration is maximum negative when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;


According to Newtonian physics &lt;math&gt;f = ma&lt;/math&gt;, force = mass*acceleration, and
&lt;math&gt;w = fs&lt;/math&gt;, work = force*distance. In this engine energy expended in just accelerating piston to maximum velocity
is proportional to rpm&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt;.

Perhaps this helps to explain why a big [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Watercraft marine diesel] engine rotating at low RPM can achieve [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Efficiency efficiency] of &lt;math&gt;55 \%.&lt;/math&gt;
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===Simple laws of motion===

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Let a body move in accordance with the following function of &lt;math&gt;t,\ f(t)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; means time:

&lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + c&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; is position at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; has the dimension of length. Therefore, each component of &lt;math&gt;f(t)&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimension of length.

For &lt;math&gt;bt&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time}&lt;/math&gt;
or velocity.

For &lt;math&gt;at^2&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time^2}&lt;/math&gt;
or acceleration.

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ p_0 = c&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivatives enable us to assign specific values to &lt;math&gt;a,\ b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p_t)}{dt} = f'(t) = v_t = 2at + b&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;v_t&lt;/math&gt; is velocity at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ v_0 = b&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + v_0t + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = f''(t) = 2a,&lt;/math&gt; a constant equal to the acceleration to which the body is subjected.

For convenience let us say that &lt;math&gt;p_t = \frac{1}{2}at^2 + v_0t + p_0&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is the
(constant) acceleration to which the body is subjected.

Then &lt;math&gt;v_t = \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2at + v_0 = at + v_0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = a.&lt;/math&gt;
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{{sfoot|Mathematics}}

[[Category:Calculus]]
[[Category:Differentiation]]</text>
      <sha1>ollp72g5xc4sgvzrw27iuqcc8jrz4nt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717839</id>
      <parentid>2717838</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T21:49:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SFBB</username>
        <id>1300847</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* d(x^n)/dx */</comment>
      <origin>2717839</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="58804" sha1="hew3hj4w8i3o6m7mf0t0evcmgkpiqw8" xml:space="preserve">== Derivative of a function ''f'' at a number ''a'' == 
=== Notation ===

We denote the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; as &lt;math&gt;f'(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.
=== Definition ===

The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; a is given by the following [[Calculus/Limits|limit]] (if it exists):&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
An analagous  equation can be defined by letting &lt;math&gt;x=(a+h)&lt;/math&gt;. Then &lt;math&gt;h=(x-a)&lt;/math&gt;, which shows that when &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f(x)-f(a)}{x-a}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;

=== Interpretations ===
==== As the slope of a tangent line ====
Given a function &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative &lt;math&gt;f '(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the slope of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}[[image:Graph of parabola and tangent line.png|400px]]{{center bottom}}
===== Example =====
Find the equation of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;y=x^2&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=1&lt;/math&gt;.
===== Solution =====
To find the slope of the tangent, we let &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and use our first definition:
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}(a+h)^2-(a)^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}a^2+2ah+h^2-a^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}h(2a+h)}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}{\color{Blue}(2a+h)}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
It can be seen that as &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;, we are left with &lt;math&gt;f'(a)={\color{Blue}2a}\,\!&lt;/math&gt;. If we plug in &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'({\color{Red}1})=2({\color{Red}1})\Rightarrow {\color{Red}2}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our preliminary equation for the tangent line is &lt;math&gt;y={\color{Red}2}x+b&lt;/math&gt;. By plugging in our tangent point &lt;math&gt;(1,1)&lt;/math&gt; to find &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;, we can arrive at our final equation:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;{\color{Red}1}=2({\color{Red}1})+b\Rightarrow -1=b&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our final equation is &lt;math&gt;y=2x-1\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

==== As a rate of change ====
The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the instantaneous rate of change of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;.

== The derivative as a function ==
So far we have only examined the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a certain number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;. If we move from the constant &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; to the variable &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;, we can calculate the derivative of the function as a whole, and come up with an equation that represents the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at any arbitrary &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; value. For clarification, the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;number&lt;/i&gt;, whereas the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;function&lt;/i&gt;.

=== Notation === 
Likewise to the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; is denoted &lt;math&gt;f'(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Definition === 
The derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is defined by the following limit:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
Also,
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow x}\frac{f(x)-f(h)}{x-h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
or
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x-h)}{2h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}

==d(x^n)/dx==

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Consider the sequences:

&lt;math&gt;y = x^2;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^2 = x^2 + 2xh + h^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^3;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^3 = x^3 + 3x^2h + 3xh^2 + h^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^4;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^4 = x^4 + 4x^3h + 6x^2h^2 + 4xh^3 + h^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^5;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^5 = x^5 + 5x^4h + 10x^3h^2 + 10x^2h^3 + 5xh^4 + h^5&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^6;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^6 = x^6 + 6x^5h\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^{&gt;2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^n;\ y + \Delta y = (x + \Delta x)^n = x^n + nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^2&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = nx^{n-1}\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms with each and every term containing &lt;math&gt;\Delta x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx} = nx^{n-1}&lt;/math&gt; read as &quot;derivative with respect to &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; to the power &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.&quot;

Later it will be shown that this is valid for all real &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;, positive or negative, integer or fraction.

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===Examples===
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^4)}{dx} = 4x^{(4-1)} = 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(7x^5)}{dx} = 7\frac{d(x^5)}{dx} = 7(5x^4) = 35x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p^3)}{dx} = \frac{d(p^3)}{dp}&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx} = 3p^2&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(2t^2 - 7T^3 + x^7)}{dx} = 4t&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dt}{dx} - 7(3T^2)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dT}{dx} + 7x^6&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}{dx} = \frac{1}{3}x^{\frac{1}{3}-1} = \frac{1}{3}x^{-\frac{2}{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
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===Without Using Calculus===
====Derivative of cubic function====
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[[File:0604cubic00.png|thumb|400px|'''
Graph of cubic function illustrating use of associated quadratic.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 7.5,&lt;/math&gt; there is exactly 1 value of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that gives &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(7.5).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 3,&lt;/math&gt; there are 3 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(3).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(p, f(p))&lt;/math&gt; is a stationary point.
]]
In the diagram there is a stationary point at &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;
that produce &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to derive the condition that produces exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x.&lt;/math&gt;


See Cubic function as 
[[Cubic_function#Function_as_product_of_linear_function_and_quadratic | product]] 
of linear function and quadratic.

The associated quadratic when &lt;math&gt;x = p:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;B = Ap + b = ap+b&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C = Bp + c = app + bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;


Divide &lt;math&gt;g(x) = ax^2 + (ap+b)x + (ap^2 + bp + c)&lt;/math&gt; by &lt;math&gt;(x-p).&lt;/math&gt;

This division gives a quotient of &lt;math&gt;ax + (2ap+b)&lt;/math&gt; and remainder of 
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 3ap^2 + 2bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;

Factor &lt;math&gt;(x-p)&lt;/math&gt; divides &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; exactly. Therefore, remainder
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 0,&lt;/math&gt; the desired condition.

When &lt;math&gt;x = p,\ h(x) = 3ax^2 + 2bx + c,&lt;/math&gt; the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
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====Derivative of quartic function====
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The quartic function: &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = ax^4 + bx^3 + cx^2 + dx + e\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p + q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (2a).&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p - q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (3a).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) + (3a):\ + 2apppp + 12appqq + 2aqqqq + 2bppp + 6bpqq + 2cpp + 2cqq + 2dp + 2e\ \dots\ (4)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) - (3a):\ + 8apppq + 8apqqq + 6bppq + 2bqqq + 4cpq + 2dq\ \dots\ (5)&lt;/math&gt;

Reduce (4) and (5) and substitute Q for qq:

&lt;math&gt;+ apppp + 6appQ + aQQ + bppp + 3bpQ + cpp + cQ + dp + e\ \dots\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;+ 4appp + 4apQ + 3bpp + bQ + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5a)&lt;/math&gt;

Combine (4a) and (5a) to eliminate p and produce a function in Q:
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&lt;math&gt;C_{11}Q^{11} + C_{10}Q^{10} + C_9Q^9 +\ \cdots\ + C_2Q^2 + C_1Q + C_0&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;C_{11} = (- 65536aaaaaaaaaabb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_{10} = (- 131072aaaaaaaaaabd - 229376aaaaaaaaabbc + 94208aaaaaaaabbbb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cdots\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_2 = (- 8192aaaaaabdeeee + 20480aaaaaacddeee \cdots - 288aabbbccccddd + 32aabbccccccdd)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_1 = (- 4096aaaaaaddeeee - 4096aaaaabcdeeee \cdots + 64aabbcccccdde - 20aabbccccdddd)&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
C0 = (- 2048aaaaacddeeee + 768aaaaaddddeee + 1536aaaabcdddeee - 576aaaabdddddee
      + 1024aaaacccddeee - 1536aaaaccddddee + 648aaaacdddddde - 81aaaadddddddd
      - 1152aaabbccddeee + 480aaabbcddddee - 18aaabbdddddde + 640aaabcccdddee
      - 384aaabccddddde + 54aaabcddddddd - 128aaacccccddee + 80aaaccccdddde
      - 12aaacccdddddd + 216aabbbbcddeee - 81aabbbbddddee - 144aabbbccdddee
      + 86aabbbcddddde - 12aabbbddddddd + 32aabbccccddee - 20aabbcccdddde
      + 3aabbccdddddd)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Coefficient of interest is &lt;math&gt;C_0&lt;/math&gt; which is in fact the value &lt;math&gt;Rs - Sr.&lt;/math&gt;
See [[Quartic_function#Equal_roots | Equal Roots]] of Quartic Function.


If &lt;math&gt;C_0 == 0,\ q = Q = 0&lt;/math&gt; is a solution and &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; contains at least 2 roots of format
&lt;math&gt;p+0, p-0.&lt;/math&gt; In other words 2 equal roots where &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;Q == 0,\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(5a)&lt;/math&gt; become:

&lt;math&gt;ap^4 + bp^3 + cp^2 + dp + e\ \dots\ (4b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4ap^3 + 3bp^2 + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(4b)&lt;/math&gt; is equivalent to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;(5b)&lt;/math&gt; is derivative of &lt;math&gt;(4b).&lt;/math&gt;
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==Product Rule==

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = U(x);\ v = V(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = (u + \Delta u)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;(v + \Delta v) = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v + u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} 
+ \frac{(\Delta u)(\Delta v)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dv}{dx} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{du}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}.&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = mx^{m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  ny^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  n(x^{\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  nx^{m - \frac{m}{n}}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{m - 1 - m + \frac{m}{n} }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a positive fraction.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-n} = \frac{1}{x^n}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;yx^n = 1&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ynx^{n-1} + x^n\frac{dy}{dx} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{ynx^{n-1}}{x^n} = -\frac{nx^{n-1}}{x^{n}x^n} = -nx^{n-1}x^{-2n} = -nx^{-n-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid for negative &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^{-m}&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\frac{dy}{dx} = -mx^{-m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{ny^{n-1}} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{n(x^{-\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{nx^{-m+\frac{m}{n}}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-m-1+m-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-\frac{m}{n}-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a negative fraction.
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==Quotient rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = \frac{U(x)}{V(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{u}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv = u&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv' + vy' = u'&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;vy' = u' - yv' = u' - \frac{uv'}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{u'}{v} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu'}{v^2} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu' - uv'}{v^2}&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of trigonometric functions==

===sine(x)===
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin (x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = \sin (x + \Delta x) = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x) - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x} + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} &lt;/math&gt;

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ (math.cos(Δx)-1)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[-0.049958347219742905, -0.004999958333473664, -0.0004999999583255033, 
-4.999999969612645e-05, -5.000000413701855e-06, -5.000444502911705e-07, 
-4.9960036108132044e-08, 0.0, 0.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)-1}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{-\sin(\Delta x)}{1} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ math.sin(Δx)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[0.9983341664682815, 0.9999833334166665, 0.9999998333333416, 
0.9999999983333334, 0.9999999999833332, 0.9999999999998334, 
0.9999999999999983, 1.0, 1.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)}{1} = 1&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;0 + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

====Proof of 2 limits====

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[[File:0603D(sin(theta)).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;


In the diagram &lt;math&gt;OA = OB = 1.&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;OC = OD = \cos(\theta).&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;CB = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;S&lt;/math&gt; be the area of a sector of a circle. Then &lt;math&gt;\frac{S}{\pi r^2} = \frac{\theta}{2\pi}&lt;/math&gt; 
and &lt;math&gt;S = \frac{\theta r^2}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD = \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;OCB = \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB = \frac{\theta \cdot 1^2}{2} = \frac{\theta}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\theta\ \ge\ \sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)\ \ge\ \theta \cos^2(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}   \frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\cos(\theta)  &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;1 \ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ 1 &lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta } = 1.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{1 + \cos(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} (-1)\cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot 1 \cdot  \frac{ 0}{1 + 1}  = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
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===cosine(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(x) = \sqrt{1 - \sin^2(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 1 - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;2y&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -(2\sin(x)\cos(x))&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{\sin(x)\cos(x)}{\cos(x)} = -\sin(x).&lt;/math&gt;

===tan(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \tan(x) = \frac{\sin(x)}{\cos(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cos(x) = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;y(-\sin(x)) + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x) + y\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\cos(x) + \tan(x)\sin(x)}{\cos(x)} = 1 + \tan^2(x) = \sec^2(x)&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions==

===arcsine(x)===


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[[File:20200207arcsin(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\cos(y)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin ^2(y)}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;


In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x),\ x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt;= y &gt;= \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arccosine(x)===

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[[File:20200209arccos(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = -\sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sin(y)} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - \cos ^2(y)}} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x),\ x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\pi &gt;= y &gt;= 0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;-1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arctan(x)===

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[[File:20200209arctan(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \sec^2(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sec^2(y)} = \cos^2(y) = \frac{1}{1 + x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x),\ x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt; y &gt; \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 + x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm \infty&lt;/math&gt;
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==Derivatives of logarithmic functions==

===a^x or &lt;math&gt;a^x&lt;/math&gt;===
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&lt;math&gt;y = a^x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = a^{x + \Delta x} = a^xa^{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = a^xa^{\Delta x} - a^x = a^x(a^{\Delta x} - 1)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = a^x \cdot \frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

Consider the value &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; specifically 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;. L'Hôpital's rule cannot be used here because
&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(a^x)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; is what we are trying to find.

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{a}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^3}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\sqrt{a}}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^n}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; times.

We will look at the expression &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; for different values of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
with &lt;math&gt;\Delta x = \frac{1}{2^{70}} = 8.5e-22&lt;/math&gt; (approx) in which case the expression becomes
&lt;math&gt;(a^{1/2^{70}} - 1)*(2^{70})&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a^{1/2^{70}}&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt[70]{a}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken 
&lt;math&gt;70&lt;/math&gt; times. This approach is used here because function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; can be written so 
that it does not depend on logarithmic or exponential operations.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v2 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v2
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(8)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v8
Decimal('2.07944154167983592825352768227031325913255072732801782513664')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(32)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v32 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v32
Decimal('3.46573590279972654709124760144583715956091114572543812435968')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(128)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v128 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v128
Decimal('4.85203026391961716593059535875094644210510807293198187102208')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Compare the values &lt;code&gt;v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;v2&lt;/code&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8/v2; v32/v2; v128/v2
Decimal('3.00000000000000000000176135549769209744528640235368520610520')
Decimal('5.00000000000000000000587118499230699148996545343403093128046')
Decimal('7.00000000000000000001232948848384468209997247971055570994695')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

We know that &lt;math&gt;8 = 2^3;\ 32 = 2^5;\ 128 = 2^7&lt;/math&gt;. The values &lt;code&gt;v2, v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; are behaving like logarithms.
In fact &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; is the natural logarithm of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
written as &lt;math&gt;\ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:20200206ln(a).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Graphs of ''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; ''' for a = ''' &lt;math&gt;2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; '''.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

Figure 5 contains graphs of &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a = 2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; with 
graph of &lt;math&gt;\frac{e^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; included for reference.

All values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; are valid for all curves except where &lt;math&gt;x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

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The correct value of &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; is:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; Decimal(2).ln()
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Our calculation produced:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

accurate to 21 places of decimals, not bad for one line of simple python code using high-school math.
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This method for calculation of &lt;math&gt;\ln(a)&lt;/math&gt; supposes that function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; is available.

Programming language python interprets expression &lt;code&gt;a**b&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;math&gt;a^b.&lt;/math&gt;
Therefore, in python, &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; can be calculated in accordance with the basic definition above:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; getcontext().prec
101 # Precision of 101.
&gt;&gt;&gt; dx = Decimal('1E-50')
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**dx - 1)/dx
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941723212145817656807550013436026') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**(-dx) - 1)/(-dx)
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360253') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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When &lt;math&gt;y = a^x, \frac{dy}{dx} = a^x \cdot \ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

The base of natural logarithms is the value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; that gives 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x} = 1.&lt;/math&gt;

This value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, usually called &lt;math&gt;e, = 2.718281828459045235360287471352662497757247093699959574.....&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=e=Decimal(1).exp();N
Decimal('2.71828182845904523536028747135266249775724709369995957496697')
&gt;&gt;&gt; ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70)
Decimal('1.0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0423_51647362715016770651530003719651328')
&gt;&gt;&gt; # ln(e) = 1. Our calculation of ln(e) is accurate to 21 places of decimals.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;a = e, \frac{d(e^x)}{dx} = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\ln(e) = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = e^x.&lt;/math&gt;
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===ln(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{e^y} = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

====Examples====

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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(ax)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(ax) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(a) + \ln(x)) = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(a) + \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(x^a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x^a) = \frac{d}{dx}(a \cdot \ln(x)) = a \cdot \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{a}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot \ln(y) = m\cdot \ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot\frac{1}{y}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}\cdot\frac{y}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot\frac{x^{\frac{m}{n}}}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1 }&lt;/math&gt;

Careful manipulation of logarithms converts exponents into simple constants.
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==Chain rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = G(H(I(x)))&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(2x)&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = \cos(u)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = 2x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du}\cdot\frac{du}{dx}\\
              =&amp; -\sin(u)\cdot     2\\
              =&amp; -2\sin(2x)\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin^2(\ln(5x))&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u^2&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = \sin(v);\ v = \ln(w);\ w = 5x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dv} \cdot \frac{dv}{dw} \cdot \frac{dw}{dx}\\
              =&amp; 2u \cdot \cos(v) \cdot \frac{1}{w} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(v) \cdot \cos(\ln(w)) \cdot \frac{1}{5x} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(w)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(5x)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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==Applications of the Derivative==
===Shape of curves===

The first derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = y'&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;
As shown above, &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; at any point &lt;math&gt;x_1&lt;/math&gt; gives the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt;
at point &lt;math&gt;x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;f'(x_1)&lt;/math&gt; is the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:0422xx_x_2.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt;and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0.5,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is absolute minimum.]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;

Of special interest is the point at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.5^2 - 0.5 - 2 = -2.25.&lt;/math&gt;

The point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is called a critical point or stationary point of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one solution for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one critical point.

The value of &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is less than &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at both
&lt;math&gt;(0, -2),\ (1,-2).&lt;/math&gt; Therefore the critical point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is a minimum of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;

In this curve &lt;math&gt;y = x^2 - x - 2,&lt;/math&gt; the point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is both local minimum and absolute minimum.
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[[File:0423_2x^3+3x^2-12x-8.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -2&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -3,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.5.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 2,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum.
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum.
]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;


Of special interest are the points at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = -2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.5&lt;/math&gt; or

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1\frac{7}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

The points &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5),\ (1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; are critical or stationary points of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two real solutions for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two critical points.


Slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is positive and
adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is negative.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum. Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute maximum.


Adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is negative and
slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is positive.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum. Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute minimum.
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===Maxima and Minima===

====Electric water heater====
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[[File:0304_1150WaterHeater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(a): Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;V = f(r)&lt;/math&gt; '''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr}&lt;/math&gt;''' for &lt;math&gt;S = 100&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;
'''with &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed.'''&lt;/br&gt;
For maximum &lt;math&gt;V,\ r = \sqrt{\frac{S}{3\pi}} = 3.257\dots&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;V = 108.578\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]
A cylindrical water heater is standing on its base on a hard rubber pad that is a perfect thermal insulator.
The vertical curved surface and the top are exposed to the free air. The design of the cylinder requires that the volume of the cylinder 
should be maximum for a given surface area exposed to the free air. What is the shape of the cylinder?

Let the height of the cylinder be &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; and let &lt;math&gt;h = Kr&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;r&lt;/math&gt;
is the radius and &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; is a constant.

Surface of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = S = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r h  = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r (Kr) = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r^2K&lt;/math&gt;

Volume of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = V = \pi r^2h = \pi r^2(Kr) = \pi r^3K&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;K = \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = \pi r^3 \cdot \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2} = \frac{r(S - \pi r^2)}{2} = \frac{rS - \pi r^3}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = \frac{S - 3\pi r^2}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;S - 3\pi r^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;S = 3\pi r^2;\ \pi r^2(1 + 2K) = 3\pi r^2;\ 1 + 2K = 3;\ K =1.&lt;/math&gt;

The height of the cylinder equals the radius.
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====Square and triangle====

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[[File:0224_0145SandT0.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(b): Graph of parabola''' &lt;math&gt;A = f(s)&lt;/math&gt; 
'''with''' &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt;
'''axis compressed.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
A square of side &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_s = 4h&lt;/math&gt; and area
&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2.&lt;/math&gt;

An equilateral triangle of side &lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_t = 3s&lt;/math&gt;
and area &lt;math&gt;A_t = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;P_s + P_t = 50.&lt;/math&gt;

Total area &lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_ t&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; must be minimum. What is the value of
&lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;4h + 3s = 50&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{50 - 3s}{4}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2 = (\frac{50 - 3s}{4})^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_t&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{16}(2500 - 300s + 9s^2 + 4\sqrt{3}s^2)&lt;/math&gt;

For minimum &lt;math&gt;A,\ \frac{dA}{ds} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-300 + 2(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 150&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;s = \frac{150}{9 + 4\sqrt{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 9.417\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====County Road====

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[[File:0304_1916CountyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(c): Plan of county road between Town A and Town B to be constructed so that cost is minimum.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]

Town B is 40 miles East and 50 miles North of Town A. The county is going to construct a road from Town A to Town B.
Adjacent to Town A the cost to build a road is $500k/mile.
Adjacent to Town B the cost to build a road is $200k/mile.
The dividing line runs East-West 30 miles North of Town A.
Calculate the position of point C so that the cost of the road from Town A to Town B is minimum.

Let point &lt;math&gt;C = (x,30).&lt;/math&gt;

Then distance from Town A to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{x^2 + 30^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + 900}.&lt;/math&gt;

Distance from Town B to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{(40-x)^2 + 20^2} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{1600 - 80x + x^2 + 400} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}.&lt;/math&gt;
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[[File:0305_1504CostOfCtyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(d): Graphs showing cost of county road &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Curve showing &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; is actually &lt;math&gt;\frac{f(x)}{10}&lt;/math&gt;.
&lt;/br&gt;
Cost is minimum where &lt;math&gt;x = 10.523\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]

Cost &lt;math&gt;= 5\sqrt{x^2 + 900} + 2\sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}&lt;/math&gt; in units of $100k.

For minimum cost &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 900}} + 2\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{5x}{\sqrt{x^2+900}} + \frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5x\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2} + (-80+2x)\sqrt{x^2+900} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;x = 10.52322823517\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====Cardboard box====

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[[File:0307_1747box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(e): Sheet of cardboard to be cut and folded to make box of maximum possible volume.'''&lt;/br&gt;
Cut on purple lines, fold on red lines.&lt;/br&gt;
Design of box includes top.
]]

A piece of cardboard of length &lt;math&gt;4\ ft&lt;/math&gt; and width &lt;math&gt;3\ ft&lt;/math&gt;
will be used to make a box with a top. Some waste will be cut out of the piece of cardboard
and the remaining cardboard will be folded to make a box so that the volume of the box is maximum.

What is the height of the box?
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[[File:0309_1757box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(f): Curves associated with design of cardboard box.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 0&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;V&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when &lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
]]

&lt;math&gt;2h + l = 3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2w + 2h = 4;\ w + h = 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = lwh = (3 - 2h)(2 - h)h = 2h^3 - 7h^2 + 6h&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 6h^2 - 14h + 6 = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;3h^2 - 7h + 3 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6} = 6.788\dots&lt;/math&gt; inches.
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====Solving ellipse at origin====
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[[File:0316ellipse01.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Graph of ellipse showing semi-chord through center.'''&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum, length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum, length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;
]]

An ellipse with center at origin has equation:
&lt;math&gt;Ax^2 + Bxy + Cy^2 + F = 0\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

Given values &lt;math&gt;A, B, C, F&lt;/math&gt; calculate:

* length of major axis

* length of minor axis.

In Figure 1 &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is any line from origin to ellipse and &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt;
is angle between &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt; axis and &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; so that length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum,
in which case length of major axis = &lt;math&gt;2t.&lt;/math&gt;
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Let &lt;math&gt;c = \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;s = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Then 
&lt;math&gt;x = t \cos(\theta) = tc,&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;y = t \sin(\theta) = ts.&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute these values in  &lt;math&gt;(1):&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Attcc + Bttcs + Cttss + F = 0\ \dots\ (2)&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{dt}{d\theta}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A(tt(-2cs) + cc2tt') + B(tt(cc-ss) + cs2tt') + C(tt(2sc) + ss2tt') = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Att(-2cs) + Acc2tt' + Btt(cc-ss) + Bcs2tt' + Ctt(2sc) + Css2tt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-2Attcs + Acc2tt' + Bttcc-Bttss + Bcs2tt' + 2Cttsc + 2Csstt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + Acc2tt' + 2Bcstt' + 2Csstt' - 2Attcs + Bttcc - Bttss + 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + t'(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst) = + 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{+ 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc}{(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst)}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum or minimum &lt;math&gt;t:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - Bcc + Bss - 2Csc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - 2Csc = Bcc - Bss &lt;/math&gt;

Square both sides, substitute &lt;math&gt;1 - ss&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;cc&lt;/math&gt; and result is:

&lt;math&gt;aS^2 + bS + c = 0\ \dots\ (3)&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;S = \sin^2(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a = (+ 4AA - 8AC + 4BB + 4CC)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;b = -a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c = BB&lt;/math&gt;
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=====An example=====
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Let equation of ellipse be: &lt;math&gt;55x^2 - 24xy + 48y^2 - 2496 = 0&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; A,B,C = 55,-24,48
&gt;&gt;&gt; a = (+ 4*A*A - 8*A*C + 4*B*B + 4*C*C);a
2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; b = -a;b
-2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; c = B*B;c
576
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b,c = [v/4 for v in (a,b,c)] ; a,b,c
(625.0, -625.0, 144.0)
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .36
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .64
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The solutions of quadratic equation &lt;math&gt;(3)&lt;/math&gt; are &lt;math&gt;.36&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;.64&lt;/math&gt;.

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.6&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.8&lt;/math&gt;.

From &lt;math&gt;(2)&lt;/math&gt; above: &lt;math&gt;t = \sqrt{\frac{-F}{Acc + Bcs + Css}}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
A,B,C,F = 55,-24,48, -2496

t1 = (0.6, 0.8)
dict1 = dict()

for v1 in (t1, t1[::-1]) :
    c1,s1 = v1
    for c in (c1,-c1) :
        for s in (s1,-s1) :
            t = (-F/( A*c*c + B*c*s + C*s*s ))**.5
            if t in dict1 : dict1[t] += ((c,s),)
            else : dict1[t] = ((c,s),)

L1 = [ (v, dict1[v]) for v in sorted([ v for v in dict1 ]) ]

for v in L1 : print (v)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
(6.244997998398398, ((0.8, -0.6), (-0.8, 0.6)))
(6.34287855135306,  ((0.6, -0.8), (-0.6, 0.8)))
(7.806247497997998, ((0.8, 0.6), (-0.8, -0.6)))
(7.999999999999999, ((0.6, 0.8), (-0.6, -0.8)))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Minimum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 6.244997998398398.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2 * 6.244997998398398&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 7.999999999999999.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 8 * 2&lt;/math&gt;

=====Gallery=====
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0319ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.8,-0.6],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{-3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0317ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.6,0.8],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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===Rates of Change===

====The car jack====

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[[File:0216_0705Carjack1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Photo of car jack illustrating horizontal''' &lt;math&gt;(BC)&lt;/math&gt; '''and vertical''' &lt;math&gt;(CA)&lt;/math&gt; '''rates of change.'''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

In triangle &lt;math&gt;ABC&lt;/math&gt; to the right:

* length &lt;math&gt;AB = 10&lt;/math&gt; inches, 

* length &lt;math&gt;BC = x&lt;/math&gt; inches and is horizontal,

* length &lt;math&gt;CA = y&lt;/math&gt; inches and is vertical,

* &lt;math&gt;\angle ABC = \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

Point &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is moving towards point &lt;math&gt;C&lt;/math&gt; at the rate of &lt;math&gt;5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.
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=====Vertical motion=====

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[[File:0216_0901CarJack3.png|thumb|400px|'''
Figure 3: Curves and values associated with car jack.'''&lt;/br&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
At what rate is point &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; moving upwards:

(a) when &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(b) when &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(c) when &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ&lt;/math&gt;?

We have to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is given.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x^2 + y^2 = 10^2&lt;/math&gt; (equation of circle)

&lt;math&gt;y = \sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 100 - x^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = -2x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-2x}{2y} = \frac{-x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

For convenience we'll use the negative value of the square root and say that &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}.&lt;/math&gt;

Relative to line &lt;math&gt;BC:&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 2.06\cdot5 = 10.3&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 0.1\cdot5 = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ, x = 10\cdot\cos 45^\circ = 7.071&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = 1\cdot 5 = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

This example highlights the mechanical advantage of this simple but effective tool. When the top of the jack is low, it moves quickly.
As the jack takes more and more weight, the top of the jack moves more slowly.
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=====Change of area=====

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[[File:0220_1007CarJack4.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; 
'''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;'''.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;b = h = \sqrt{50} = 10\cos(45^{\circ})&lt;/math&gt;
]]

At what rate is the area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; changing when

(i) &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(ii) &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(iii) &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt;
and &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt} = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches &lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt; minute.

&lt;math&gt;a = \frac{b\cdot h}{2} = \frac{x \cdot y}{2} = \frac{x\sqrt{100 - x^2}}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a = x\sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4a^2 = x^2(100 - x^2) = 100x^2 - x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;8a\cdot\frac{da}{dx} = 200x - 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = \frac{200x - 4x^3}{8a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{2a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{ x\sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{50 - x^2}{ \sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{da}{dx} = 7.11\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is increasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 7.11\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{da}{dx} = -4.92\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 4.92\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ},\ h = b = x = y = 10\cos(45^{\circ}) = 10\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = 5\sqrt{2},\ &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = 0,\ a&lt;/math&gt; is a maximum of &lt;math&gt;25&lt;/math&gt; square inches and &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;&lt;/math&gt;
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====On the clock====

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[[File:20200229clock.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Image of analog clock showing minute and hour hands at ''' &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; '''o'clock.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
An old fashion analog clock with American style face (12 hours) keeps accurate time.
The length of the minute hand is &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches and the length of the hour hand is &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; inches.

At what rate is the tip of the minute hand approaching the tip of the hour hand at 3 o'clock?

Let &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; be distance between the two tips.

The task is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{d\theta}\cdot \frac{d\theta}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; is
angle subtended by side &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; at center of clock.

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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt}:&lt;/math&gt;

Angular velocity of minute hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{1}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

Angular velocity of hour hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{12} = \frac{\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt} =&lt;/math&gt; angular velocity of minute hand relative to hour hand &lt;math&gt;= 2\pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{11\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.
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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot 4\cdot\cos \theta = 25 - 24\cos \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a\cdot\frac{da}{d\theta} = 24\sin \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta} = \frac{24\sin \theta}{2a} = \frac{24\sin 90^\circ}{2\cdot 5} = \frac{24}{10} = 2.4.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 2.4\cdot\frac{11\pi}{6} = 4.4\pi&lt;/math&gt; inches/hour.
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====Radar Speed Trap====

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[[File:20200314radarSpeedTrap.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Multi-lane highway oriented East-West.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AB = c = 200&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;BC = a = 50&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AC = b&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.
]]

A multi-lane highway is oriented East-West. A vehicle is moving in the inside lane from West to East.
A law-enforcement officer with a radar gun is in position 50 feet South of the center of the inside lane.
When the vehicle is 200 feet from the radar gun, it shows the vehicle's speed to be 60 mph.
What is the actual speed of the vehicle?

Let length &lt;math&gt;AC = b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{db}{dc}\cdot\frac{dc}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.


The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dc}:&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\ \ \ \ &amp;b^2 = c^2 - a^2;\ b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}\\
        &amp;2b\cdot \frac{db}{dc} = 2c\\
        &amp;\frac{db}{dc} = \frac{2c}{2b} = \frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2 - a^2}}
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{200}{\sqrt{200^2 - 50^2}}\cdot 60 = 61.967\dots&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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====On the Water====

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A ship is at sea &lt;math&gt;15&lt;/math&gt; nautical miles East and &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles South of a lighthouse, and the ship is steaming South-West at &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles/hour or &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

At what rate is ship approaching lighthouse?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot\frac{da}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; knots.
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[[File:0411onTheWater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram indicating position, course and speed of ship relative to lighthouse.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\angle BCA = \angle \theta.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2c\cdot\frac{dc}{da} = 2a - 2b\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da} = \frac{a - b\cos\theta}{c} = -0.291161615782696&lt;/math&gt;

The &lt;math&gt;-&lt;/math&gt; sign indicates that, when &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is increasing,
&lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing.
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot10&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 2.91161615782696&lt;/math&gt; knots towards the lighthouse.
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====Reciprocating engine====
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[[File:0413reciprocatingEngine.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating mathematical relationship between piston, connecting rod and crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
The diagram illustrates the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft 
of an internal combustion reciprocating engine.

The connecting rod &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is connected to piston on &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis,
and to crankshaft at end of &lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; axis.

This section analyzes the motion of the piston as the crankshaft rotates through angle 
&lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and the piston moves up and down on the &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis.
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=====Position of piston=====

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[[File:0413positionOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Diagram showing position of piston as a function of rotation of crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Piston moves up and down between &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;18&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;18 \ge y \ge 8&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;a^2 = y^2 + c^2 - 2yc\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2c\cos(x)y + c^2 - a^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2(5)\cos(x)y + (5)^2 - (13)^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10\cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ (10\cos(x))^2 -4(-144) } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 100(\cos(x))^2 + 576 } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = 5\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 25(\cos(x))^2 + 144 }&lt;/math&gt;
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Code supplied to grapher (without white space) is:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)(cos(x)) + ( ((25)((cos(x))^2) + 144 )^(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
When expressed in this way, it's easy to convert the code to python code:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)*(cos(x)) + ( ((25)*((cos(x))**2) + 144 )**(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Positions of interest:
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0624TopDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at top dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624BottomDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at bottom dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624PistonHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624CrankHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of crank half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624ConnRodTangential.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of connecting rod tangential to crank.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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=====Velocity of piston=====

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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Diagram showing velocity of piston as a function of position of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Strictly speaking, velocity &lt;math&gt;= \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
At constant RPM, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is constant. Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;
is used to illustrate velocity.
]]
Calculation of &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; by implicit differentiation.

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10 \cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10(\cos(x)y' + y(-\sin(x)) ) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10\cos(x)y' + 10\sin(x)y  = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cdot y' - 5\cos(x)y' = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'(y - 5\cos(x)) = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{5\sin(x)y}{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;
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=====Acceleration of piston=====

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[[File:0413accelerationOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4a: Diagram showing acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Negative acceleration has a greater absolute value than the positive, but it does not last as long.
]]
Acceleration introduces the second derivative. While velocity was the first derivative of position with respect to time,
acceleration is the first derivative of velocity or the second derivative of position.

From velocity above &lt;math&gt;yy' - 5\cos(x)y' + 5\sin(x)y = 0&lt;/math&gt;

By implicit differentation:

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5(\cos(x)y'' + y'(-\sin(x))) + 5(\sin(x)y' + y\cos(x)) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5\cos(x)y'' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' - 5\cos(x)y'' = -( y'y' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y''(y - 5\cos(x)) = -( y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'' = \frac{y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) }{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute for &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; as defined above, and you see the code input to grapher
at top of diagram to right.
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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder(closeup).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4b: Diagram showing &quot;irregularities&quot; in the curve of velocity while velocity is increasing.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed to illustrate shape of curves.
]]
&quot;Kinks&quot; in the curve:

It is not obvious by looking at the curve of velocity that there are slight irregularities in the curve when velocity is increasing.

However, the irregularities are obvious in the curve of acceleration.

During one revolution of the crankshaft there is less time allocated for negative acceleration than for positive acceleration.
Therefore, the maximum absolute value of negative acceleration is greater than the maximum value of positive acceleration.
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=====Minimum and maximum velocity=====

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[[File:0414maxVelocity.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Diagram showing positions of maximum velocity of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
In the first quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 0^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
In the second quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 180^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
Therefore, in the first quadrant, acceleration must be greater than in the second quadrant.
]]
Velocity is rate of change of position. See also Figure 3 above.


Minimum velocity:

Velocity is zero when slope of curve of position is zero.
This occurs at top dead center and at bottom dead center, ie, when 
&lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;x = \pi.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum velocity:

Intuition suggests that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the connecting rod is tangent
to the circle of the crankshaft. In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arctan(\frac{13}{5}) = 68.96\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;

or, that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the piston is half-way between top dead center and bottom dead center.
In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arccos(\frac{2.5}{13}) = 78.9\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;


However, velocity is maximum when acceleration is &lt;math&gt;0,&lt;/math&gt;
which occurs when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm 71.26\dots^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;

Suppose that the engine is rotating at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;955&lt;/math&gt; RPM.

&lt;math&gt;v_{max} = y' \frac{inches}{radian} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(v_{max}) = 5.36 (100)&lt;/math&gt; inches/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;30.5&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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=====Minimum and maximum acceleration=====

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[[File:0625MaxAcc1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Diagram showing positions of minimum and maximum acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity. See also Figures 4a and 4b above.


Minimum acceleration:

Acceleration is zero when slope of curve of velocity is zero. This occurs at maximum velocity or when 
&lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 71.3^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum acceleration:

Acceleration is maximum when slope of curve of velocity is maximum.

Maximum negative acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum negative. This happens at top dead center
when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum positive acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum positive. This happens before and after bottom
dead center when &lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 127^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Let the engine continue to rotate at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second.

&lt;math&gt;acc_{max} = y''\frac{inches}{radian^2}\cdot 100\frac{radians}{second} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(acc_{max}) = 6.92*100*100&lt;/math&gt; inches/second&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt; or approx. &lt;math&gt;180&lt;/math&gt; times 
the acceleration due to terrestrial gravity.

This maximum value of acceleration is maximum negative when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;


According to Newtonian physics &lt;math&gt;f = ma&lt;/math&gt;, force = mass*acceleration, and
&lt;math&gt;w = fs&lt;/math&gt;, work = force*distance. In this engine energy expended in just accelerating piston to maximum velocity
is proportional to rpm&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt;.

Perhaps this helps to explain why a big [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Watercraft marine diesel] engine rotating at low RPM can achieve [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Efficiency efficiency] of &lt;math&gt;55 \%.&lt;/math&gt;
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===Simple laws of motion===

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Let a body move in accordance with the following function of &lt;math&gt;t,\ f(t)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; means time:

&lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + c&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; is position at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; has the dimension of length. Therefore, each component of &lt;math&gt;f(t)&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimension of length.

For &lt;math&gt;bt&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time}&lt;/math&gt;
or velocity.

For &lt;math&gt;at^2&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time^2}&lt;/math&gt;
or acceleration.

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ p_0 = c&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivatives enable us to assign specific values to &lt;math&gt;a,\ b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p_t)}{dt} = f'(t) = v_t = 2at + b&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;v_t&lt;/math&gt; is velocity at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ v_0 = b&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + v_0t + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = f''(t) = 2a,&lt;/math&gt; a constant equal to the acceleration to which the body is subjected.

For convenience let us say that &lt;math&gt;p_t = \frac{1}{2}at^2 + v_0t + p_0&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is the
(constant) acceleration to which the body is subjected.

Then &lt;math&gt;v_t = \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2at + v_0 = at + v_0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = a.&lt;/math&gt;
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{{sfoot|Mathematics}}

[[Category:Calculus]]
[[Category:Differentiation]]</text>
      <sha1>hew3hj4w8i3o6m7mf0t0evcmgkpiqw8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717840</id>
      <parentid>2717839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T21:51:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SFBB</username>
        <id>1300847</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* d(x^n)/dx */</comment>
      <origin>2717840</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="58813" sha1="s9k6dcwntnbesvxugc9xsrhh0xnekza" xml:space="preserve">== Derivative of a function ''f'' at a number ''a'' == 
=== Notation ===

We denote the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; as &lt;math&gt;f'(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.
=== Definition ===

The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; a is given by the following [[Calculus/Limits|limit]] (if it exists):&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
An analagous  equation can be defined by letting &lt;math&gt;x=(a+h)&lt;/math&gt;. Then &lt;math&gt;h=(x-a)&lt;/math&gt;, which shows that when &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f(x)-f(a)}{x-a}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;

=== Interpretations ===
==== As the slope of a tangent line ====
Given a function &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative &lt;math&gt;f '(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the slope of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}[[image:Graph of parabola and tangent line.png|400px]]{{center bottom}}
===== Example =====
Find the equation of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;y=x^2&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=1&lt;/math&gt;.
===== Solution =====
To find the slope of the tangent, we let &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and use our first definition:
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}(a+h)^2-(a)^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}a^2+2ah+h^2-a^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}h(2a+h)}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}{\color{Blue}(2a+h)}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
It can be seen that as &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;, we are left with &lt;math&gt;f'(a)={\color{Blue}2a}\,\!&lt;/math&gt;. If we plug in &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'({\color{Red}1})=2({\color{Red}1})\Rightarrow {\color{Red}2}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our preliminary equation for the tangent line is &lt;math&gt;y={\color{Red}2}x+b&lt;/math&gt;. By plugging in our tangent point &lt;math&gt;(1,1)&lt;/math&gt; to find &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;, we can arrive at our final equation:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;{\color{Red}1}=2({\color{Red}1})+b\Rightarrow -1=b&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our final equation is &lt;math&gt;y=2x-1\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

==== As a rate of change ====
The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the instantaneous rate of change of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;.

== The derivative as a function ==
So far we have only examined the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a certain number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;. If we move from the constant &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; to the variable &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;, we can calculate the derivative of the function as a whole, and come up with an equation that represents the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at any arbitrary &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; value. For clarification, the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;number&lt;/i&gt;, whereas the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;function&lt;/i&gt;.

=== Notation === 
Likewise to the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; is denoted &lt;math&gt;f'(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Definition === 
The derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is defined by the following limit:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
Also,
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow x}\frac{f(x)-f(h)}{x-h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
or
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x-h)}{2h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}

==d(x^n)/dx==

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Consider the sequences:

&lt;math&gt;y = x^2;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^2 = x^2 + 2xh + h^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^3;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^3 = x^3 + 3x^2h + 3xh^2 + h^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^4;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^4 = x^4 + 4x^3h + 6x^2h^2 + 4xh^3 + h^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^5;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^5 = x^5 + 5x^4h + 10x^3h^2 + 10x^2h^3 + 5xh^4 + h^5&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^6;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^6 = x^6 + 6x^5h\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^{k|k&gt;2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^n;\ y + \Delta y = (x + \Delta x)^n = x^n + nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^{k|k&gt;2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^2&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = nx^{n-1}\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms with each and every term containing &lt;math&gt;\Delta x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx} = nx^{n-1}&lt;/math&gt; read as &quot;derivative with respect to &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; to the power &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.&quot;

Later it will be shown that this is valid for all real &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;, positive or negative, integer or fraction.

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===Examples===
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^4)}{dx} = 4x^{(4-1)} = 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(7x^5)}{dx} = 7\frac{d(x^5)}{dx} = 7(5x^4) = 35x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p^3)}{dx} = \frac{d(p^3)}{dp}&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx} = 3p^2&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(2t^2 - 7T^3 + x^7)}{dx} = 4t&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dt}{dx} - 7(3T^2)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dT}{dx} + 7x^6&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}{dx} = \frac{1}{3}x^{\frac{1}{3}-1} = \frac{1}{3}x^{-\frac{2}{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
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===Without Using Calculus===
====Derivative of cubic function====
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[[File:0604cubic00.png|thumb|400px|'''
Graph of cubic function illustrating use of associated quadratic.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 7.5,&lt;/math&gt; there is exactly 1 value of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that gives &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(7.5).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 3,&lt;/math&gt; there are 3 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(3).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(p, f(p))&lt;/math&gt; is a stationary point.
]]
In the diagram there is a stationary point at &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;
that produce &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to derive the condition that produces exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x.&lt;/math&gt;


See Cubic function as 
[[Cubic_function#Function_as_product_of_linear_function_and_quadratic | product]] 
of linear function and quadratic.

The associated quadratic when &lt;math&gt;x = p:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;B = Ap + b = ap+b&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C = Bp + c = app + bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;


Divide &lt;math&gt;g(x) = ax^2 + (ap+b)x + (ap^2 + bp + c)&lt;/math&gt; by &lt;math&gt;(x-p).&lt;/math&gt;

This division gives a quotient of &lt;math&gt;ax + (2ap+b)&lt;/math&gt; and remainder of 
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 3ap^2 + 2bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;

Factor &lt;math&gt;(x-p)&lt;/math&gt; divides &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; exactly. Therefore, remainder
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 0,&lt;/math&gt; the desired condition.

When &lt;math&gt;x = p,\ h(x) = 3ax^2 + 2bx + c,&lt;/math&gt; the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
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====Derivative of quartic function====
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The quartic function: &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = ax^4 + bx^3 + cx^2 + dx + e\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p + q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (2a).&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p - q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (3a).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) + (3a):\ + 2apppp + 12appqq + 2aqqqq + 2bppp + 6bpqq + 2cpp + 2cqq + 2dp + 2e\ \dots\ (4)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) - (3a):\ + 8apppq + 8apqqq + 6bppq + 2bqqq + 4cpq + 2dq\ \dots\ (5)&lt;/math&gt;

Reduce (4) and (5) and substitute Q for qq:

&lt;math&gt;+ apppp + 6appQ + aQQ + bppp + 3bpQ + cpp + cQ + dp + e\ \dots\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;+ 4appp + 4apQ + 3bpp + bQ + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5a)&lt;/math&gt;

Combine (4a) and (5a) to eliminate p and produce a function in Q:
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&lt;math&gt;C_{11}Q^{11} + C_{10}Q^{10} + C_9Q^9 +\ \cdots\ + C_2Q^2 + C_1Q + C_0&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;C_{11} = (- 65536aaaaaaaaaabb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_{10} = (- 131072aaaaaaaaaabd - 229376aaaaaaaaabbc + 94208aaaaaaaabbbb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cdots\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_2 = (- 8192aaaaaabdeeee + 20480aaaaaacddeee \cdots - 288aabbbccccddd + 32aabbccccccdd)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_1 = (- 4096aaaaaaddeeee - 4096aaaaabcdeeee \cdots + 64aabbcccccdde - 20aabbccccdddd)&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
C0 = (- 2048aaaaacddeeee + 768aaaaaddddeee + 1536aaaabcdddeee - 576aaaabdddddee
      + 1024aaaacccddeee - 1536aaaaccddddee + 648aaaacdddddde - 81aaaadddddddd
      - 1152aaabbccddeee + 480aaabbcddddee - 18aaabbdddddde + 640aaabcccdddee
      - 384aaabccddddde + 54aaabcddddddd - 128aaacccccddee + 80aaaccccdddde
      - 12aaacccdddddd + 216aabbbbcddeee - 81aabbbbddddee - 144aabbbccdddee
      + 86aabbbcddddde - 12aabbbddddddd + 32aabbccccddee - 20aabbcccdddde
      + 3aabbccdddddd)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Coefficient of interest is &lt;math&gt;C_0&lt;/math&gt; which is in fact the value &lt;math&gt;Rs - Sr.&lt;/math&gt;
See [[Quartic_function#Equal_roots | Equal Roots]] of Quartic Function.


If &lt;math&gt;C_0 == 0,\ q = Q = 0&lt;/math&gt; is a solution and &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; contains at least 2 roots of format
&lt;math&gt;p+0, p-0.&lt;/math&gt; In other words 2 equal roots where &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;Q == 0,\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(5a)&lt;/math&gt; become:

&lt;math&gt;ap^4 + bp^3 + cp^2 + dp + e\ \dots\ (4b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4ap^3 + 3bp^2 + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(4b)&lt;/math&gt; is equivalent to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;(5b)&lt;/math&gt; is derivative of &lt;math&gt;(4b).&lt;/math&gt;
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==Product Rule==

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = U(x);\ v = V(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = (u + \Delta u)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;(v + \Delta v) = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v + u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} 
+ \frac{(\Delta u)(\Delta v)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dv}{dx} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{du}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}.&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = mx^{m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  ny^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  n(x^{\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  nx^{m - \frac{m}{n}}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{m - 1 - m + \frac{m}{n} }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a positive fraction.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-n} = \frac{1}{x^n}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;yx^n = 1&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ynx^{n-1} + x^n\frac{dy}{dx} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{ynx^{n-1}}{x^n} = -\frac{nx^{n-1}}{x^{n}x^n} = -nx^{n-1}x^{-2n} = -nx^{-n-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid for negative &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^{-m}&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\frac{dy}{dx} = -mx^{-m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{ny^{n-1}} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{n(x^{-\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{nx^{-m+\frac{m}{n}}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-m-1+m-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-\frac{m}{n}-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a negative fraction.
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==Quotient rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = \frac{U(x)}{V(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{u}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv = u&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv' + vy' = u'&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;vy' = u' - yv' = u' - \frac{uv'}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{u'}{v} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu'}{v^2} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu' - uv'}{v^2}&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of trigonometric functions==

===sine(x)===
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin (x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = \sin (x + \Delta x) = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x) - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x} + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} &lt;/math&gt;

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ (math.cos(Δx)-1)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[-0.049958347219742905, -0.004999958333473664, -0.0004999999583255033, 
-4.999999969612645e-05, -5.000000413701855e-06, -5.000444502911705e-07, 
-4.9960036108132044e-08, 0.0, 0.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)-1}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{-\sin(\Delta x)}{1} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ math.sin(Δx)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[0.9983341664682815, 0.9999833334166665, 0.9999998333333416, 
0.9999999983333334, 0.9999999999833332, 0.9999999999998334, 
0.9999999999999983, 1.0, 1.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)}{1} = 1&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;0 + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

====Proof of 2 limits====

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[[File:0603D(sin(theta)).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;


In the diagram &lt;math&gt;OA = OB = 1.&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;OC = OD = \cos(\theta).&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;CB = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;S&lt;/math&gt; be the area of a sector of a circle. Then &lt;math&gt;\frac{S}{\pi r^2} = \frac{\theta}{2\pi}&lt;/math&gt; 
and &lt;math&gt;S = \frac{\theta r^2}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD = \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;OCB = \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB = \frac{\theta \cdot 1^2}{2} = \frac{\theta}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\theta\ \ge\ \sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)\ \ge\ \theta \cos^2(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}   \frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\cos(\theta)  &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;1 \ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ 1 &lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta } = 1.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{1 + \cos(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} (-1)\cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot 1 \cdot  \frac{ 0}{1 + 1}  = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
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===cosine(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(x) = \sqrt{1 - \sin^2(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 1 - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;2y&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -(2\sin(x)\cos(x))&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{\sin(x)\cos(x)}{\cos(x)} = -\sin(x).&lt;/math&gt;

===tan(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \tan(x) = \frac{\sin(x)}{\cos(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cos(x) = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;y(-\sin(x)) + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x) + y\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\cos(x) + \tan(x)\sin(x)}{\cos(x)} = 1 + \tan^2(x) = \sec^2(x)&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions==

===arcsine(x)===


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[[File:20200207arcsin(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\cos(y)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin ^2(y)}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;


In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x),\ x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt;= y &gt;= \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arccosine(x)===

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[[File:20200209arccos(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = -\sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sin(y)} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - \cos ^2(y)}} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x),\ x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\pi &gt;= y &gt;= 0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;-1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arctan(x)===

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[[File:20200209arctan(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \sec^2(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sec^2(y)} = \cos^2(y) = \frac{1}{1 + x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x),\ x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt; y &gt; \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 + x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm \infty&lt;/math&gt;
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==Derivatives of logarithmic functions==

===a^x or &lt;math&gt;a^x&lt;/math&gt;===
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&lt;math&gt;y = a^x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = a^{x + \Delta x} = a^xa^{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = a^xa^{\Delta x} - a^x = a^x(a^{\Delta x} - 1)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = a^x \cdot \frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

Consider the value &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; specifically 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;. L'Hôpital's rule cannot be used here because
&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(a^x)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; is what we are trying to find.

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{a}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^3}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\sqrt{a}}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^n}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; times.

We will look at the expression &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; for different values of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
with &lt;math&gt;\Delta x = \frac{1}{2^{70}} = 8.5e-22&lt;/math&gt; (approx) in which case the expression becomes
&lt;math&gt;(a^{1/2^{70}} - 1)*(2^{70})&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a^{1/2^{70}}&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt[70]{a}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken 
&lt;math&gt;70&lt;/math&gt; times. This approach is used here because function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; can be written so 
that it does not depend on logarithmic or exponential operations.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v2 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v2
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(8)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v8
Decimal('2.07944154167983592825352768227031325913255072732801782513664')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(32)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v32 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v32
Decimal('3.46573590279972654709124760144583715956091114572543812435968')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(128)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v128 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v128
Decimal('4.85203026391961716593059535875094644210510807293198187102208')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Compare the values &lt;code&gt;v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;v2&lt;/code&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8/v2; v32/v2; v128/v2
Decimal('3.00000000000000000000176135549769209744528640235368520610520')
Decimal('5.00000000000000000000587118499230699148996545343403093128046')
Decimal('7.00000000000000000001232948848384468209997247971055570994695')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

We know that &lt;math&gt;8 = 2^3;\ 32 = 2^5;\ 128 = 2^7&lt;/math&gt;. The values &lt;code&gt;v2, v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; are behaving like logarithms.
In fact &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; is the natural logarithm of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
written as &lt;math&gt;\ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:20200206ln(a).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Graphs of ''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; ''' for a = ''' &lt;math&gt;2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; '''.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

Figure 5 contains graphs of &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a = 2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; with 
graph of &lt;math&gt;\frac{e^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; included for reference.

All values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; are valid for all curves except where &lt;math&gt;x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

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The correct value of &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; is:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; Decimal(2).ln()
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Our calculation produced:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

accurate to 21 places of decimals, not bad for one line of simple python code using high-school math.
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This method for calculation of &lt;math&gt;\ln(a)&lt;/math&gt; supposes that function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; is available.

Programming language python interprets expression &lt;code&gt;a**b&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;math&gt;a^b.&lt;/math&gt;
Therefore, in python, &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; can be calculated in accordance with the basic definition above:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; getcontext().prec
101 # Precision of 101.
&gt;&gt;&gt; dx = Decimal('1E-50')
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**dx - 1)/dx
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941723212145817656807550013436026') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**(-dx) - 1)/(-dx)
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360253') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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When &lt;math&gt;y = a^x, \frac{dy}{dx} = a^x \cdot \ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

The base of natural logarithms is the value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; that gives 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x} = 1.&lt;/math&gt;

This value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, usually called &lt;math&gt;e, = 2.718281828459045235360287471352662497757247093699959574.....&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=e=Decimal(1).exp();N
Decimal('2.71828182845904523536028747135266249775724709369995957496697')
&gt;&gt;&gt; ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70)
Decimal('1.0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0423_51647362715016770651530003719651328')
&gt;&gt;&gt; # ln(e) = 1. Our calculation of ln(e) is accurate to 21 places of decimals.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;a = e, \frac{d(e^x)}{dx} = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\ln(e) = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = e^x.&lt;/math&gt;
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===ln(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{e^y} = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

====Examples====

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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(ax)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(ax) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(a) + \ln(x)) = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(a) + \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(x^a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x^a) = \frac{d}{dx}(a \cdot \ln(x)) = a \cdot \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{a}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot \ln(y) = m\cdot \ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot\frac{1}{y}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}\cdot\frac{y}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot\frac{x^{\frac{m}{n}}}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1 }&lt;/math&gt;

Careful manipulation of logarithms converts exponents into simple constants.
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==Chain rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = G(H(I(x)))&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(2x)&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = \cos(u)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = 2x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du}\cdot\frac{du}{dx}\\
              =&amp; -\sin(u)\cdot     2\\
              =&amp; -2\sin(2x)\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin^2(\ln(5x))&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u^2&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = \sin(v);\ v = \ln(w);\ w = 5x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dv} \cdot \frac{dv}{dw} \cdot \frac{dw}{dx}\\
              =&amp; 2u \cdot \cos(v) \cdot \frac{1}{w} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(v) \cdot \cos(\ln(w)) \cdot \frac{1}{5x} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(w)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(5x)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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==Applications of the Derivative==
===Shape of curves===

The first derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = y'&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;
As shown above, &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; at any point &lt;math&gt;x_1&lt;/math&gt; gives the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt;
at point &lt;math&gt;x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;f'(x_1)&lt;/math&gt; is the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:0422xx_x_2.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt;and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0.5,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is absolute minimum.]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;

Of special interest is the point at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.5^2 - 0.5 - 2 = -2.25.&lt;/math&gt;

The point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is called a critical point or stationary point of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one solution for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one critical point.

The value of &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is less than &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at both
&lt;math&gt;(0, -2),\ (1,-2).&lt;/math&gt; Therefore the critical point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is a minimum of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;

In this curve &lt;math&gt;y = x^2 - x - 2,&lt;/math&gt; the point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is both local minimum and absolute minimum.
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[[File:0423_2x^3+3x^2-12x-8.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -2&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -3,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.5.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 2,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum.
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum.
]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;


Of special interest are the points at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = -2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.5&lt;/math&gt; or

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1\frac{7}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

The points &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5),\ (1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; are critical or stationary points of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two real solutions for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two critical points.


Slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is positive and
adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is negative.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum. Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute maximum.


Adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is negative and
slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is positive.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum. Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute minimum.
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===Maxima and Minima===

====Electric water heater====
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[[File:0304_1150WaterHeater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(a): Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;V = f(r)&lt;/math&gt; '''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr}&lt;/math&gt;''' for &lt;math&gt;S = 100&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;
'''with &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed.'''&lt;/br&gt;
For maximum &lt;math&gt;V,\ r = \sqrt{\frac{S}{3\pi}} = 3.257\dots&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;V = 108.578\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]
A cylindrical water heater is standing on its base on a hard rubber pad that is a perfect thermal insulator.
The vertical curved surface and the top are exposed to the free air. The design of the cylinder requires that the volume of the cylinder 
should be maximum for a given surface area exposed to the free air. What is the shape of the cylinder?

Let the height of the cylinder be &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; and let &lt;math&gt;h = Kr&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;r&lt;/math&gt;
is the radius and &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; is a constant.

Surface of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = S = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r h  = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r (Kr) = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r^2K&lt;/math&gt;

Volume of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = V = \pi r^2h = \pi r^2(Kr) = \pi r^3K&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;K = \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = \pi r^3 \cdot \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2} = \frac{r(S - \pi r^2)}{2} = \frac{rS - \pi r^3}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = \frac{S - 3\pi r^2}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;S - 3\pi r^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;S = 3\pi r^2;\ \pi r^2(1 + 2K) = 3\pi r^2;\ 1 + 2K = 3;\ K =1.&lt;/math&gt;

The height of the cylinder equals the radius.
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====Square and triangle====

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[[File:0224_0145SandT0.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(b): Graph of parabola''' &lt;math&gt;A = f(s)&lt;/math&gt; 
'''with''' &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt;
'''axis compressed.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
A square of side &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_s = 4h&lt;/math&gt; and area
&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2.&lt;/math&gt;

An equilateral triangle of side &lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_t = 3s&lt;/math&gt;
and area &lt;math&gt;A_t = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;P_s + P_t = 50.&lt;/math&gt;

Total area &lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_ t&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; must be minimum. What is the value of
&lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;4h + 3s = 50&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{50 - 3s}{4}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2 = (\frac{50 - 3s}{4})^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_t&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{16}(2500 - 300s + 9s^2 + 4\sqrt{3}s^2)&lt;/math&gt;

For minimum &lt;math&gt;A,\ \frac{dA}{ds} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-300 + 2(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 150&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;s = \frac{150}{9 + 4\sqrt{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 9.417\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====County Road====

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[[File:0304_1916CountyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(c): Plan of county road between Town A and Town B to be constructed so that cost is minimum.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]

Town B is 40 miles East and 50 miles North of Town A. The county is going to construct a road from Town A to Town B.
Adjacent to Town A the cost to build a road is $500k/mile.
Adjacent to Town B the cost to build a road is $200k/mile.
The dividing line runs East-West 30 miles North of Town A.
Calculate the position of point C so that the cost of the road from Town A to Town B is minimum.

Let point &lt;math&gt;C = (x,30).&lt;/math&gt;

Then distance from Town A to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{x^2 + 30^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + 900}.&lt;/math&gt;

Distance from Town B to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{(40-x)^2 + 20^2} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{1600 - 80x + x^2 + 400} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}.&lt;/math&gt;
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[[File:0305_1504CostOfCtyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(d): Graphs showing cost of county road &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Curve showing &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; is actually &lt;math&gt;\frac{f(x)}{10}&lt;/math&gt;.
&lt;/br&gt;
Cost is minimum where &lt;math&gt;x = 10.523\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]

Cost &lt;math&gt;= 5\sqrt{x^2 + 900} + 2\sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}&lt;/math&gt; in units of $100k.

For minimum cost &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 900}} + 2\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{5x}{\sqrt{x^2+900}} + \frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5x\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2} + (-80+2x)\sqrt{x^2+900} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;x = 10.52322823517\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====Cardboard box====

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[[File:0307_1747box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(e): Sheet of cardboard to be cut and folded to make box of maximum possible volume.'''&lt;/br&gt;
Cut on purple lines, fold on red lines.&lt;/br&gt;
Design of box includes top.
]]

A piece of cardboard of length &lt;math&gt;4\ ft&lt;/math&gt; and width &lt;math&gt;3\ ft&lt;/math&gt;
will be used to make a box with a top. Some waste will be cut out of the piece of cardboard
and the remaining cardboard will be folded to make a box so that the volume of the box is maximum.

What is the height of the box?
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[[File:0309_1757box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(f): Curves associated with design of cardboard box.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 0&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;V&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when &lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
]]

&lt;math&gt;2h + l = 3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2w + 2h = 4;\ w + h = 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = lwh = (3 - 2h)(2 - h)h = 2h^3 - 7h^2 + 6h&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 6h^2 - 14h + 6 = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;3h^2 - 7h + 3 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6} = 6.788\dots&lt;/math&gt; inches.
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====Solving ellipse at origin====
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[[File:0316ellipse01.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Graph of ellipse showing semi-chord through center.'''&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum, length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum, length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;
]]

An ellipse with center at origin has equation:
&lt;math&gt;Ax^2 + Bxy + Cy^2 + F = 0\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

Given values &lt;math&gt;A, B, C, F&lt;/math&gt; calculate:

* length of major axis

* length of minor axis.

In Figure 1 &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is any line from origin to ellipse and &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt;
is angle between &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt; axis and &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; so that length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum,
in which case length of major axis = &lt;math&gt;2t.&lt;/math&gt;
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Let &lt;math&gt;c = \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;s = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Then 
&lt;math&gt;x = t \cos(\theta) = tc,&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;y = t \sin(\theta) = ts.&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute these values in  &lt;math&gt;(1):&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Attcc + Bttcs + Cttss + F = 0\ \dots\ (2)&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{dt}{d\theta}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A(tt(-2cs) + cc2tt') + B(tt(cc-ss) + cs2tt') + C(tt(2sc) + ss2tt') = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Att(-2cs) + Acc2tt' + Btt(cc-ss) + Bcs2tt' + Ctt(2sc) + Css2tt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-2Attcs + Acc2tt' + Bttcc-Bttss + Bcs2tt' + 2Cttsc + 2Csstt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + Acc2tt' + 2Bcstt' + 2Csstt' - 2Attcs + Bttcc - Bttss + 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + t'(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst) = + 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{+ 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc}{(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst)}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum or minimum &lt;math&gt;t:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - Bcc + Bss - 2Csc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - 2Csc = Bcc - Bss &lt;/math&gt;

Square both sides, substitute &lt;math&gt;1 - ss&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;cc&lt;/math&gt; and result is:

&lt;math&gt;aS^2 + bS + c = 0\ \dots\ (3)&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;S = \sin^2(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a = (+ 4AA - 8AC + 4BB + 4CC)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;b = -a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c = BB&lt;/math&gt;
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=====An example=====
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Let equation of ellipse be: &lt;math&gt;55x^2 - 24xy + 48y^2 - 2496 = 0&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; A,B,C = 55,-24,48
&gt;&gt;&gt; a = (+ 4*A*A - 8*A*C + 4*B*B + 4*C*C);a
2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; b = -a;b
-2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; c = B*B;c
576
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b,c = [v/4 for v in (a,b,c)] ; a,b,c
(625.0, -625.0, 144.0)
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .36
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .64
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The solutions of quadratic equation &lt;math&gt;(3)&lt;/math&gt; are &lt;math&gt;.36&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;.64&lt;/math&gt;.

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.6&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.8&lt;/math&gt;.

From &lt;math&gt;(2)&lt;/math&gt; above: &lt;math&gt;t = \sqrt{\frac{-F}{Acc + Bcs + Css}}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
A,B,C,F = 55,-24,48, -2496

t1 = (0.6, 0.8)
dict1 = dict()

for v1 in (t1, t1[::-1]) :
    c1,s1 = v1
    for c in (c1,-c1) :
        for s in (s1,-s1) :
            t = (-F/( A*c*c + B*c*s + C*s*s ))**.5
            if t in dict1 : dict1[t] += ((c,s),)
            else : dict1[t] = ((c,s),)

L1 = [ (v, dict1[v]) for v in sorted([ v for v in dict1 ]) ]

for v in L1 : print (v)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
(6.244997998398398, ((0.8, -0.6), (-0.8, 0.6)))
(6.34287855135306,  ((0.6, -0.8), (-0.6, 0.8)))
(7.806247497997998, ((0.8, 0.6), (-0.8, -0.6)))
(7.999999999999999, ((0.6, 0.8), (-0.6, -0.8)))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Minimum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 6.244997998398398.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2 * 6.244997998398398&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 7.999999999999999.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 8 * 2&lt;/math&gt;

=====Gallery=====
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0319ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.8,-0.6],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{-3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0317ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.6,0.8],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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===Rates of Change===

====The car jack====

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[[File:0216_0705Carjack1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Photo of car jack illustrating horizontal''' &lt;math&gt;(BC)&lt;/math&gt; '''and vertical''' &lt;math&gt;(CA)&lt;/math&gt; '''rates of change.'''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

In triangle &lt;math&gt;ABC&lt;/math&gt; to the right:

* length &lt;math&gt;AB = 10&lt;/math&gt; inches, 

* length &lt;math&gt;BC = x&lt;/math&gt; inches and is horizontal,

* length &lt;math&gt;CA = y&lt;/math&gt; inches and is vertical,

* &lt;math&gt;\angle ABC = \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

Point &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is moving towards point &lt;math&gt;C&lt;/math&gt; at the rate of &lt;math&gt;5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.
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=====Vertical motion=====

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[[File:0216_0901CarJack3.png|thumb|400px|'''
Figure 3: Curves and values associated with car jack.'''&lt;/br&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
At what rate is point &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; moving upwards:

(a) when &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(b) when &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(c) when &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ&lt;/math&gt;?

We have to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is given.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x^2 + y^2 = 10^2&lt;/math&gt; (equation of circle)

&lt;math&gt;y = \sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 100 - x^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = -2x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-2x}{2y} = \frac{-x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

For convenience we'll use the negative value of the square root and say that &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}.&lt;/math&gt;

Relative to line &lt;math&gt;BC:&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 2.06\cdot5 = 10.3&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 0.1\cdot5 = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ, x = 10\cdot\cos 45^\circ = 7.071&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = 1\cdot 5 = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

This example highlights the mechanical advantage of this simple but effective tool. When the top of the jack is low, it moves quickly.
As the jack takes more and more weight, the top of the jack moves more slowly.
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=====Change of area=====

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[[File:0220_1007CarJack4.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; 
'''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;'''.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;b = h = \sqrt{50} = 10\cos(45^{\circ})&lt;/math&gt;
]]

At what rate is the area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; changing when

(i) &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(ii) &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(iii) &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt;
and &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt} = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches &lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt; minute.

&lt;math&gt;a = \frac{b\cdot h}{2} = \frac{x \cdot y}{2} = \frac{x\sqrt{100 - x^2}}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a = x\sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4a^2 = x^2(100 - x^2) = 100x^2 - x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;8a\cdot\frac{da}{dx} = 200x - 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = \frac{200x - 4x^3}{8a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{2a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{ x\sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{50 - x^2}{ \sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{da}{dx} = 7.11\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is increasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 7.11\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{da}{dx} = -4.92\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 4.92\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ},\ h = b = x = y = 10\cos(45^{\circ}) = 10\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = 5\sqrt{2},\ &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = 0,\ a&lt;/math&gt; is a maximum of &lt;math&gt;25&lt;/math&gt; square inches and &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;&lt;/math&gt;
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====On the clock====

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[[File:20200229clock.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Image of analog clock showing minute and hour hands at ''' &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; '''o'clock.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
An old fashion analog clock with American style face (12 hours) keeps accurate time.
The length of the minute hand is &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches and the length of the hour hand is &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; inches.

At what rate is the tip of the minute hand approaching the tip of the hour hand at 3 o'clock?

Let &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; be distance between the two tips.

The task is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{d\theta}\cdot \frac{d\theta}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; is
angle subtended by side &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; at center of clock.

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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt}:&lt;/math&gt;

Angular velocity of minute hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{1}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

Angular velocity of hour hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{12} = \frac{\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt} =&lt;/math&gt; angular velocity of minute hand relative to hour hand &lt;math&gt;= 2\pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{11\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.
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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot 4\cdot\cos \theta = 25 - 24\cos \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a\cdot\frac{da}{d\theta} = 24\sin \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta} = \frac{24\sin \theta}{2a} = \frac{24\sin 90^\circ}{2\cdot 5} = \frac{24}{10} = 2.4.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 2.4\cdot\frac{11\pi}{6} = 4.4\pi&lt;/math&gt; inches/hour.
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====Radar Speed Trap====

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[[File:20200314radarSpeedTrap.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Multi-lane highway oriented East-West.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AB = c = 200&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;BC = a = 50&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AC = b&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.
]]

A multi-lane highway is oriented East-West. A vehicle is moving in the inside lane from West to East.
A law-enforcement officer with a radar gun is in position 50 feet South of the center of the inside lane.
When the vehicle is 200 feet from the radar gun, it shows the vehicle's speed to be 60 mph.
What is the actual speed of the vehicle?

Let length &lt;math&gt;AC = b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{db}{dc}\cdot\frac{dc}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.


The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dc}:&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\ \ \ \ &amp;b^2 = c^2 - a^2;\ b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}\\
        &amp;2b\cdot \frac{db}{dc} = 2c\\
        &amp;\frac{db}{dc} = \frac{2c}{2b} = \frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2 - a^2}}
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{200}{\sqrt{200^2 - 50^2}}\cdot 60 = 61.967\dots&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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====On the Water====

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A ship is at sea &lt;math&gt;15&lt;/math&gt; nautical miles East and &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles South of a lighthouse, and the ship is steaming South-West at &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles/hour or &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

At what rate is ship approaching lighthouse?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot\frac{da}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; knots.
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[[File:0411onTheWater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram indicating position, course and speed of ship relative to lighthouse.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\angle BCA = \angle \theta.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2c\cdot\frac{dc}{da} = 2a - 2b\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da} = \frac{a - b\cos\theta}{c} = -0.291161615782696&lt;/math&gt;

The &lt;math&gt;-&lt;/math&gt; sign indicates that, when &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is increasing,
&lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing.
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot10&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 2.91161615782696&lt;/math&gt; knots towards the lighthouse.
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====Reciprocating engine====
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[[File:0413reciprocatingEngine.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating mathematical relationship between piston, connecting rod and crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
The diagram illustrates the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft 
of an internal combustion reciprocating engine.

The connecting rod &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is connected to piston on &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis,
and to crankshaft at end of &lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; axis.

This section analyzes the motion of the piston as the crankshaft rotates through angle 
&lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and the piston moves up and down on the &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis.
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=====Position of piston=====

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[[File:0413positionOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Diagram showing position of piston as a function of rotation of crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Piston moves up and down between &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;18&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;18 \ge y \ge 8&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;a^2 = y^2 + c^2 - 2yc\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2c\cos(x)y + c^2 - a^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2(5)\cos(x)y + (5)^2 - (13)^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10\cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ (10\cos(x))^2 -4(-144) } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 100(\cos(x))^2 + 576 } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = 5\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 25(\cos(x))^2 + 144 }&lt;/math&gt;
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Code supplied to grapher (without white space) is:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)(cos(x)) + ( ((25)((cos(x))^2) + 144 )^(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
When expressed in this way, it's easy to convert the code to python code:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)*(cos(x)) + ( ((25)*((cos(x))**2) + 144 )**(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Positions of interest:
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0624TopDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at top dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624BottomDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at bottom dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624PistonHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624CrankHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of crank half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624ConnRodTangential.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of connecting rod tangential to crank.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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=====Velocity of piston=====

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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Diagram showing velocity of piston as a function of position of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Strictly speaking, velocity &lt;math&gt;= \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
At constant RPM, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is constant. Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;
is used to illustrate velocity.
]]
Calculation of &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; by implicit differentiation.

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10 \cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10(\cos(x)y' + y(-\sin(x)) ) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10\cos(x)y' + 10\sin(x)y  = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cdot y' - 5\cos(x)y' = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'(y - 5\cos(x)) = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{5\sin(x)y}{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;
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=====Acceleration of piston=====

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[[File:0413accelerationOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4a: Diagram showing acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Negative acceleration has a greater absolute value than the positive, but it does not last as long.
]]
Acceleration introduces the second derivative. While velocity was the first derivative of position with respect to time,
acceleration is the first derivative of velocity or the second derivative of position.

From velocity above &lt;math&gt;yy' - 5\cos(x)y' + 5\sin(x)y = 0&lt;/math&gt;

By implicit differentation:

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5(\cos(x)y'' + y'(-\sin(x))) + 5(\sin(x)y' + y\cos(x)) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5\cos(x)y'' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' - 5\cos(x)y'' = -( y'y' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y''(y - 5\cos(x)) = -( y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'' = \frac{y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) }{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute for &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; as defined above, and you see the code input to grapher
at top of diagram to right.
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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder(closeup).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4b: Diagram showing &quot;irregularities&quot; in the curve of velocity while velocity is increasing.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed to illustrate shape of curves.
]]
&quot;Kinks&quot; in the curve:

It is not obvious by looking at the curve of velocity that there are slight irregularities in the curve when velocity is increasing.

However, the irregularities are obvious in the curve of acceleration.

During one revolution of the crankshaft there is less time allocated for negative acceleration than for positive acceleration.
Therefore, the maximum absolute value of negative acceleration is greater than the maximum value of positive acceleration.
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=====Minimum and maximum velocity=====

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[[File:0414maxVelocity.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Diagram showing positions of maximum velocity of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
In the first quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 0^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
In the second quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 180^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
Therefore, in the first quadrant, acceleration must be greater than in the second quadrant.
]]
Velocity is rate of change of position. See also Figure 3 above.


Minimum velocity:

Velocity is zero when slope of curve of position is zero.
This occurs at top dead center and at bottom dead center, ie, when 
&lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;x = \pi.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum velocity:

Intuition suggests that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the connecting rod is tangent
to the circle of the crankshaft. In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arctan(\frac{13}{5}) = 68.96\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;

or, that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the piston is half-way between top dead center and bottom dead center.
In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arccos(\frac{2.5}{13}) = 78.9\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;


However, velocity is maximum when acceleration is &lt;math&gt;0,&lt;/math&gt;
which occurs when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm 71.26\dots^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;

Suppose that the engine is rotating at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;955&lt;/math&gt; RPM.

&lt;math&gt;v_{max} = y' \frac{inches}{radian} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(v_{max}) = 5.36 (100)&lt;/math&gt; inches/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;30.5&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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=====Minimum and maximum acceleration=====

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[[File:0625MaxAcc1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Diagram showing positions of minimum and maximum acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity. See also Figures 4a and 4b above.


Minimum acceleration:

Acceleration is zero when slope of curve of velocity is zero. This occurs at maximum velocity or when 
&lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 71.3^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum acceleration:

Acceleration is maximum when slope of curve of velocity is maximum.

Maximum negative acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum negative. This happens at top dead center
when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum positive acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum positive. This happens before and after bottom
dead center when &lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 127^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Let the engine continue to rotate at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second.

&lt;math&gt;acc_{max} = y''\frac{inches}{radian^2}\cdot 100\frac{radians}{second} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(acc_{max}) = 6.92*100*100&lt;/math&gt; inches/second&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt; or approx. &lt;math&gt;180&lt;/math&gt; times 
the acceleration due to terrestrial gravity.

This maximum value of acceleration is maximum negative when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;


According to Newtonian physics &lt;math&gt;f = ma&lt;/math&gt;, force = mass*acceleration, and
&lt;math&gt;w = fs&lt;/math&gt;, work = force*distance. In this engine energy expended in just accelerating piston to maximum velocity
is proportional to rpm&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt;.

Perhaps this helps to explain why a big [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Watercraft marine diesel] engine rotating at low RPM can achieve [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Efficiency efficiency] of &lt;math&gt;55 \%.&lt;/math&gt;
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===Simple laws of motion===

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Let a body move in accordance with the following function of &lt;math&gt;t,\ f(t)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; means time:

&lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + c&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; is position at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; has the dimension of length. Therefore, each component of &lt;math&gt;f(t)&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimension of length.

For &lt;math&gt;bt&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time}&lt;/math&gt;
or velocity.

For &lt;math&gt;at^2&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time^2}&lt;/math&gt;
or acceleration.

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ p_0 = c&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivatives enable us to assign specific values to &lt;math&gt;a,\ b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p_t)}{dt} = f'(t) = v_t = 2at + b&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;v_t&lt;/math&gt; is velocity at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ v_0 = b&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + v_0t + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = f''(t) = 2a,&lt;/math&gt; a constant equal to the acceleration to which the body is subjected.

For convenience let us say that &lt;math&gt;p_t = \frac{1}{2}at^2 + v_0t + p_0&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is the
(constant) acceleration to which the body is subjected.

Then &lt;math&gt;v_t = \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2at + v_0 = at + v_0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = a.&lt;/math&gt;
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{{sfoot|Mathematics}}

[[Category:Calculus]]
[[Category:Differentiation]]</text>
      <sha1>s9k6dcwntnbesvxugc9xsrhh0xnekza</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717841</id>
      <parentid>2717840</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T21:55:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SFBB</username>
        <id>1300847</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* d(x^n)/dx */</comment>
      <origin>2717841</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="58867" sha1="3tkx9d99vzaedov6gz8buae75hykujs" xml:space="preserve">== Derivative of a function ''f'' at a number ''a'' == 
=== Notation ===

We denote the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; as &lt;math&gt;f'(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.
=== Definition ===

The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; a is given by the following [[Calculus/Limits|limit]] (if it exists):&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
An analagous  equation can be defined by letting &lt;math&gt;x=(a+h)&lt;/math&gt;. Then &lt;math&gt;h=(x-a)&lt;/math&gt;, which shows that when &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f(x)-f(a)}{x-a}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;

=== Interpretations ===
==== As the slope of a tangent line ====
Given a function &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative &lt;math&gt;f '(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the slope of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}[[image:Graph of parabola and tangent line.png|400px]]{{center bottom}}
===== Example =====
Find the equation of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;y=x^2&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=1&lt;/math&gt;.
===== Solution =====
To find the slope of the tangent, we let &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and use our first definition:
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}(a+h)^2-(a)^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}a^2+2ah+h^2-a^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}h(2a+h)}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}{\color{Blue}(2a+h)}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
It can be seen that as &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;, we are left with &lt;math&gt;f'(a)={\color{Blue}2a}\,\!&lt;/math&gt;. If we plug in &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'({\color{Red}1})=2({\color{Red}1})\Rightarrow {\color{Red}2}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our preliminary equation for the tangent line is &lt;math&gt;y={\color{Red}2}x+b&lt;/math&gt;. By plugging in our tangent point &lt;math&gt;(1,1)&lt;/math&gt; to find &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;, we can arrive at our final equation:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;{\color{Red}1}=2({\color{Red}1})+b\Rightarrow -1=b&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our final equation is &lt;math&gt;y=2x-1\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

==== As a rate of change ====
The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the instantaneous rate of change of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;.

== The derivative as a function ==
So far we have only examined the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a certain number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;. If we move from the constant &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; to the variable &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;, we can calculate the derivative of the function as a whole, and come up with an equation that represents the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at any arbitrary &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; value. For clarification, the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;number&lt;/i&gt;, whereas the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;function&lt;/i&gt;.

=== Notation === 
Likewise to the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; is denoted &lt;math&gt;f'(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Definition === 
The derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is defined by the following limit:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
Also,
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow x}\frac{f(x)-f(h)}{x-h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
or
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x-h)}{2h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}

==d(x^n)/dx==

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Consider the sequences:

&lt;math&gt;y = x^2;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^2 = x^2 + 2xh + h^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^3;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^3 = x^3 + 3x^2h + 3xh^2 + h^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^4;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^4 = x^4 + 4x^3h + 6x^2h^2 + 4xh^3 + h^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^5;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^5 = x^5 + 5x^4h + 10x^3h^2 + 10x^2h^3 + 5xh^4 + h^5&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^6;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^6 = x^6 + 6x^5h\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^{k}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;k≥2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^n;\ y + \Delta y = (x + \Delta x)^n = x^n + nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^{k}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;k≥2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^{k}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;k≥2&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = nx^{n-1}\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms with each and every term containing &lt;math&gt;\Delta x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx} = nx^{n-1}&lt;/math&gt; read as &quot;derivative with respect to &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; to the power &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.&quot;

Later it will be shown that this is valid for all real &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;, positive or negative, integer or fraction.

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===Examples===
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^4)}{dx} = 4x^{(4-1)} = 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(7x^5)}{dx} = 7\frac{d(x^5)}{dx} = 7(5x^4) = 35x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p^3)}{dx} = \frac{d(p^3)}{dp}&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx} = 3p^2&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(2t^2 - 7T^3 + x^7)}{dx} = 4t&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dt}{dx} - 7(3T^2)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dT}{dx} + 7x^6&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}{dx} = \frac{1}{3}x^{\frac{1}{3}-1} = \frac{1}{3}x^{-\frac{2}{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
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===Without Using Calculus===
====Derivative of cubic function====
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[[File:0604cubic00.png|thumb|400px|'''
Graph of cubic function illustrating use of associated quadratic.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 7.5,&lt;/math&gt; there is exactly 1 value of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that gives &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(7.5).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 3,&lt;/math&gt; there are 3 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(3).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(p, f(p))&lt;/math&gt; is a stationary point.
]]
In the diagram there is a stationary point at &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;
that produce &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to derive the condition that produces exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x.&lt;/math&gt;


See Cubic function as 
[[Cubic_function#Function_as_product_of_linear_function_and_quadratic | product]] 
of linear function and quadratic.

The associated quadratic when &lt;math&gt;x = p:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;B = Ap + b = ap+b&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C = Bp + c = app + bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;


Divide &lt;math&gt;g(x) = ax^2 + (ap+b)x + (ap^2 + bp + c)&lt;/math&gt; by &lt;math&gt;(x-p).&lt;/math&gt;

This division gives a quotient of &lt;math&gt;ax + (2ap+b)&lt;/math&gt; and remainder of 
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 3ap^2 + 2bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;

Factor &lt;math&gt;(x-p)&lt;/math&gt; divides &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; exactly. Therefore, remainder
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 0,&lt;/math&gt; the desired condition.

When &lt;math&gt;x = p,\ h(x) = 3ax^2 + 2bx + c,&lt;/math&gt; the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
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====Derivative of quartic function====
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The quartic function: &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = ax^4 + bx^3 + cx^2 + dx + e\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p + q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (2a).&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p - q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (3a).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) + (3a):\ + 2apppp + 12appqq + 2aqqqq + 2bppp + 6bpqq + 2cpp + 2cqq + 2dp + 2e\ \dots\ (4)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) - (3a):\ + 8apppq + 8apqqq + 6bppq + 2bqqq + 4cpq + 2dq\ \dots\ (5)&lt;/math&gt;

Reduce (4) and (5) and substitute Q for qq:

&lt;math&gt;+ apppp + 6appQ + aQQ + bppp + 3bpQ + cpp + cQ + dp + e\ \dots\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;+ 4appp + 4apQ + 3bpp + bQ + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5a)&lt;/math&gt;

Combine (4a) and (5a) to eliminate p and produce a function in Q:
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&lt;math&gt;C_{11}Q^{11} + C_{10}Q^{10} + C_9Q^9 +\ \cdots\ + C_2Q^2 + C_1Q + C_0&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;C_{11} = (- 65536aaaaaaaaaabb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_{10} = (- 131072aaaaaaaaaabd - 229376aaaaaaaaabbc + 94208aaaaaaaabbbb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cdots\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_2 = (- 8192aaaaaabdeeee + 20480aaaaaacddeee \cdots - 288aabbbccccddd + 32aabbccccccdd)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_1 = (- 4096aaaaaaddeeee - 4096aaaaabcdeeee \cdots + 64aabbcccccdde - 20aabbccccdddd)&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
C0 = (- 2048aaaaacddeeee + 768aaaaaddddeee + 1536aaaabcdddeee - 576aaaabdddddee
      + 1024aaaacccddeee - 1536aaaaccddddee + 648aaaacdddddde - 81aaaadddddddd
      - 1152aaabbccddeee + 480aaabbcddddee - 18aaabbdddddde + 640aaabcccdddee
      - 384aaabccddddde + 54aaabcddddddd - 128aaacccccddee + 80aaaccccdddde
      - 12aaacccdddddd + 216aabbbbcddeee - 81aabbbbddddee - 144aabbbccdddee
      + 86aabbbcddddde - 12aabbbddddddd + 32aabbccccddee - 20aabbcccdddde
      + 3aabbccdddddd)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Coefficient of interest is &lt;math&gt;C_0&lt;/math&gt; which is in fact the value &lt;math&gt;Rs - Sr.&lt;/math&gt;
See [[Quartic_function#Equal_roots | Equal Roots]] of Quartic Function.


If &lt;math&gt;C_0 == 0,\ q = Q = 0&lt;/math&gt; is a solution and &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; contains at least 2 roots of format
&lt;math&gt;p+0, p-0.&lt;/math&gt; In other words 2 equal roots where &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;Q == 0,\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(5a)&lt;/math&gt; become:

&lt;math&gt;ap^4 + bp^3 + cp^2 + dp + e\ \dots\ (4b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4ap^3 + 3bp^2 + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(4b)&lt;/math&gt; is equivalent to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;(5b)&lt;/math&gt; is derivative of &lt;math&gt;(4b).&lt;/math&gt;
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==Product Rule==

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = U(x);\ v = V(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = (u + \Delta u)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;(v + \Delta v) = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v + u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} 
+ \frac{(\Delta u)(\Delta v)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dv}{dx} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{du}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}.&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = mx^{m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  ny^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  n(x^{\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  nx^{m - \frac{m}{n}}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{m - 1 - m + \frac{m}{n} }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a positive fraction.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-n} = \frac{1}{x^n}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;yx^n = 1&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ynx^{n-1} + x^n\frac{dy}{dx} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{ynx^{n-1}}{x^n} = -\frac{nx^{n-1}}{x^{n}x^n} = -nx^{n-1}x^{-2n} = -nx^{-n-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid for negative &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^{-m}&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\frac{dy}{dx} = -mx^{-m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{ny^{n-1}} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{n(x^{-\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{nx^{-m+\frac{m}{n}}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-m-1+m-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-\frac{m}{n}-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a negative fraction.
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==Quotient rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = \frac{U(x)}{V(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{u}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv = u&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv' + vy' = u'&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;vy' = u' - yv' = u' - \frac{uv'}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{u'}{v} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu'}{v^2} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu' - uv'}{v^2}&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of trigonometric functions==

===sine(x)===
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin (x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = \sin (x + \Delta x) = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x) - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x} + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} &lt;/math&gt;

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ (math.cos(Δx)-1)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[-0.049958347219742905, -0.004999958333473664, -0.0004999999583255033, 
-4.999999969612645e-05, -5.000000413701855e-06, -5.000444502911705e-07, 
-4.9960036108132044e-08, 0.0, 0.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)-1}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{-\sin(\Delta x)}{1} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ math.sin(Δx)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[0.9983341664682815, 0.9999833334166665, 0.9999998333333416, 
0.9999999983333334, 0.9999999999833332, 0.9999999999998334, 
0.9999999999999983, 1.0, 1.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)}{1} = 1&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;0 + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

====Proof of 2 limits====

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[[File:0603D(sin(theta)).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;


In the diagram &lt;math&gt;OA = OB = 1.&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;OC = OD = \cos(\theta).&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;CB = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;S&lt;/math&gt; be the area of a sector of a circle. Then &lt;math&gt;\frac{S}{\pi r^2} = \frac{\theta}{2\pi}&lt;/math&gt; 
and &lt;math&gt;S = \frac{\theta r^2}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD = \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;OCB = \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB = \frac{\theta \cdot 1^2}{2} = \frac{\theta}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\theta\ \ge\ \sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)\ \ge\ \theta \cos^2(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}   \frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\cos(\theta)  &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;1 \ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ 1 &lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta } = 1.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{1 + \cos(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} (-1)\cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot 1 \cdot  \frac{ 0}{1 + 1}  = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
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===cosine(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(x) = \sqrt{1 - \sin^2(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 1 - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;2y&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -(2\sin(x)\cos(x))&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{\sin(x)\cos(x)}{\cos(x)} = -\sin(x).&lt;/math&gt;

===tan(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \tan(x) = \frac{\sin(x)}{\cos(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cos(x) = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;y(-\sin(x)) + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x) + y\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\cos(x) + \tan(x)\sin(x)}{\cos(x)} = 1 + \tan^2(x) = \sec^2(x)&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions==

===arcsine(x)===


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[[File:20200207arcsin(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\cos(y)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin ^2(y)}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;


In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x),\ x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt;= y &gt;= \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arccosine(x)===

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[[File:20200209arccos(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = -\sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sin(y)} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - \cos ^2(y)}} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x),\ x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\pi &gt;= y &gt;= 0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;-1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arctan(x)===

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[[File:20200209arctan(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \sec^2(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sec^2(y)} = \cos^2(y) = \frac{1}{1 + x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x),\ x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt; y &gt; \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 + x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm \infty&lt;/math&gt;
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==Derivatives of logarithmic functions==

===a^x or &lt;math&gt;a^x&lt;/math&gt;===
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&lt;math&gt;y = a^x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = a^{x + \Delta x} = a^xa^{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = a^xa^{\Delta x} - a^x = a^x(a^{\Delta x} - 1)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = a^x \cdot \frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

Consider the value &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; specifically 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;. L'Hôpital's rule cannot be used here because
&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(a^x)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; is what we are trying to find.

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{a}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^3}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\sqrt{a}}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^n}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; times.

We will look at the expression &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; for different values of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
with &lt;math&gt;\Delta x = \frac{1}{2^{70}} = 8.5e-22&lt;/math&gt; (approx) in which case the expression becomes
&lt;math&gt;(a^{1/2^{70}} - 1)*(2^{70})&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a^{1/2^{70}}&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt[70]{a}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken 
&lt;math&gt;70&lt;/math&gt; times. This approach is used here because function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; can be written so 
that it does not depend on logarithmic or exponential operations.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v2 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v2
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(8)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v8
Decimal('2.07944154167983592825352768227031325913255072732801782513664')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(32)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v32 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v32
Decimal('3.46573590279972654709124760144583715956091114572543812435968')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(128)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v128 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v128
Decimal('4.85203026391961716593059535875094644210510807293198187102208')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Compare the values &lt;code&gt;v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;v2&lt;/code&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8/v2; v32/v2; v128/v2
Decimal('3.00000000000000000000176135549769209744528640235368520610520')
Decimal('5.00000000000000000000587118499230699148996545343403093128046')
Decimal('7.00000000000000000001232948848384468209997247971055570994695')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

We know that &lt;math&gt;8 = 2^3;\ 32 = 2^5;\ 128 = 2^7&lt;/math&gt;. The values &lt;code&gt;v2, v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; are behaving like logarithms.
In fact &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; is the natural logarithm of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
written as &lt;math&gt;\ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:20200206ln(a).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Graphs of ''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; ''' for a = ''' &lt;math&gt;2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; '''.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

Figure 5 contains graphs of &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a = 2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; with 
graph of &lt;math&gt;\frac{e^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; included for reference.

All values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; are valid for all curves except where &lt;math&gt;x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

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The correct value of &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; is:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; Decimal(2).ln()
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Our calculation produced:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

accurate to 21 places of decimals, not bad for one line of simple python code using high-school math.
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This method for calculation of &lt;math&gt;\ln(a)&lt;/math&gt; supposes that function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; is available.

Programming language python interprets expression &lt;code&gt;a**b&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;math&gt;a^b.&lt;/math&gt;
Therefore, in python, &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; can be calculated in accordance with the basic definition above:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; getcontext().prec
101 # Precision of 101.
&gt;&gt;&gt; dx = Decimal('1E-50')
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**dx - 1)/dx
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941723212145817656807550013436026') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**(-dx) - 1)/(-dx)
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360253') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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When &lt;math&gt;y = a^x, \frac{dy}{dx} = a^x \cdot \ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

The base of natural logarithms is the value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; that gives 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x} = 1.&lt;/math&gt;

This value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, usually called &lt;math&gt;e, = 2.718281828459045235360287471352662497757247093699959574.....&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=e=Decimal(1).exp();N
Decimal('2.71828182845904523536028747135266249775724709369995957496697')
&gt;&gt;&gt; ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70)
Decimal('1.0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0423_51647362715016770651530003719651328')
&gt;&gt;&gt; # ln(e) = 1. Our calculation of ln(e) is accurate to 21 places of decimals.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;a = e, \frac{d(e^x)}{dx} = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\ln(e) = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = e^x.&lt;/math&gt;
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===ln(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{e^y} = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

====Examples====

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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(ax)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(ax) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(a) + \ln(x)) = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(a) + \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(x^a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x^a) = \frac{d}{dx}(a \cdot \ln(x)) = a \cdot \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{a}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot \ln(y) = m\cdot \ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot\frac{1}{y}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}\cdot\frac{y}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot\frac{x^{\frac{m}{n}}}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1 }&lt;/math&gt;

Careful manipulation of logarithms converts exponents into simple constants.
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==Chain rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = G(H(I(x)))&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(2x)&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = \cos(u)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = 2x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du}\cdot\frac{du}{dx}\\
              =&amp; -\sin(u)\cdot     2\\
              =&amp; -2\sin(2x)\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin^2(\ln(5x))&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u^2&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = \sin(v);\ v = \ln(w);\ w = 5x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dv} \cdot \frac{dv}{dw} \cdot \frac{dw}{dx}\\
              =&amp; 2u \cdot \cos(v) \cdot \frac{1}{w} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(v) \cdot \cos(\ln(w)) \cdot \frac{1}{5x} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(w)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(5x)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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==Applications of the Derivative==
===Shape of curves===

The first derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = y'&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;
As shown above, &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; at any point &lt;math&gt;x_1&lt;/math&gt; gives the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt;
at point &lt;math&gt;x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;f'(x_1)&lt;/math&gt; is the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:0422xx_x_2.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt;and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0.5,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is absolute minimum.]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;

Of special interest is the point at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.5^2 - 0.5 - 2 = -2.25.&lt;/math&gt;

The point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is called a critical point or stationary point of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one solution for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one critical point.

The value of &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is less than &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at both
&lt;math&gt;(0, -2),\ (1,-2).&lt;/math&gt; Therefore the critical point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is a minimum of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;

In this curve &lt;math&gt;y = x^2 - x - 2,&lt;/math&gt; the point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is both local minimum and absolute minimum.
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[[File:0423_2x^3+3x^2-12x-8.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -2&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -3,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.5.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 2,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum.
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum.
]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;


Of special interest are the points at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = -2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.5&lt;/math&gt; or

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1\frac{7}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

The points &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5),\ (1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; are critical or stationary points of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two real solutions for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two critical points.


Slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is positive and
adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is negative.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum. Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute maximum.


Adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is negative and
slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is positive.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum. Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute minimum.
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===Maxima and Minima===

====Electric water heater====
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[[File:0304_1150WaterHeater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(a): Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;V = f(r)&lt;/math&gt; '''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr}&lt;/math&gt;''' for &lt;math&gt;S = 100&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;
'''with &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed.'''&lt;/br&gt;
For maximum &lt;math&gt;V,\ r = \sqrt{\frac{S}{3\pi}} = 3.257\dots&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;V = 108.578\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]
A cylindrical water heater is standing on its base on a hard rubber pad that is a perfect thermal insulator.
The vertical curved surface and the top are exposed to the free air. The design of the cylinder requires that the volume of the cylinder 
should be maximum for a given surface area exposed to the free air. What is the shape of the cylinder?

Let the height of the cylinder be &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; and let &lt;math&gt;h = Kr&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;r&lt;/math&gt;
is the radius and &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; is a constant.

Surface of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = S = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r h  = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r (Kr) = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r^2K&lt;/math&gt;

Volume of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = V = \pi r^2h = \pi r^2(Kr) = \pi r^3K&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;K = \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = \pi r^3 \cdot \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2} = \frac{r(S - \pi r^2)}{2} = \frac{rS - \pi r^3}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = \frac{S - 3\pi r^2}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;S - 3\pi r^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;S = 3\pi r^2;\ \pi r^2(1 + 2K) = 3\pi r^2;\ 1 + 2K = 3;\ K =1.&lt;/math&gt;

The height of the cylinder equals the radius.
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====Square and triangle====

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[[File:0224_0145SandT0.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(b): Graph of parabola''' &lt;math&gt;A = f(s)&lt;/math&gt; 
'''with''' &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt;
'''axis compressed.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
A square of side &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_s = 4h&lt;/math&gt; and area
&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2.&lt;/math&gt;

An equilateral triangle of side &lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_t = 3s&lt;/math&gt;
and area &lt;math&gt;A_t = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;P_s + P_t = 50.&lt;/math&gt;

Total area &lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_ t&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; must be minimum. What is the value of
&lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;4h + 3s = 50&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{50 - 3s}{4}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2 = (\frac{50 - 3s}{4})^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_t&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{16}(2500 - 300s + 9s^2 + 4\sqrt{3}s^2)&lt;/math&gt;

For minimum &lt;math&gt;A,\ \frac{dA}{ds} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-300 + 2(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 150&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;s = \frac{150}{9 + 4\sqrt{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 9.417\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====County Road====

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[[File:0304_1916CountyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(c): Plan of county road between Town A and Town B to be constructed so that cost is minimum.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]

Town B is 40 miles East and 50 miles North of Town A. The county is going to construct a road from Town A to Town B.
Adjacent to Town A the cost to build a road is $500k/mile.
Adjacent to Town B the cost to build a road is $200k/mile.
The dividing line runs East-West 30 miles North of Town A.
Calculate the position of point C so that the cost of the road from Town A to Town B is minimum.

Let point &lt;math&gt;C = (x,30).&lt;/math&gt;

Then distance from Town A to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{x^2 + 30^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + 900}.&lt;/math&gt;

Distance from Town B to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{(40-x)^2 + 20^2} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{1600 - 80x + x^2 + 400} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}.&lt;/math&gt;
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[[File:0305_1504CostOfCtyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(d): Graphs showing cost of county road &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Curve showing &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; is actually &lt;math&gt;\frac{f(x)}{10}&lt;/math&gt;.
&lt;/br&gt;
Cost is minimum where &lt;math&gt;x = 10.523\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]

Cost &lt;math&gt;= 5\sqrt{x^2 + 900} + 2\sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}&lt;/math&gt; in units of $100k.

For minimum cost &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 900}} + 2\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{5x}{\sqrt{x^2+900}} + \frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5x\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2} + (-80+2x)\sqrt{x^2+900} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;x = 10.52322823517\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====Cardboard box====

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[[File:0307_1747box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(e): Sheet of cardboard to be cut and folded to make box of maximum possible volume.'''&lt;/br&gt;
Cut on purple lines, fold on red lines.&lt;/br&gt;
Design of box includes top.
]]

A piece of cardboard of length &lt;math&gt;4\ ft&lt;/math&gt; and width &lt;math&gt;3\ ft&lt;/math&gt;
will be used to make a box with a top. Some waste will be cut out of the piece of cardboard
and the remaining cardboard will be folded to make a box so that the volume of the box is maximum.

What is the height of the box?
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[[File:0309_1757box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(f): Curves associated with design of cardboard box.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 0&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;V&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when &lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
]]

&lt;math&gt;2h + l = 3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2w + 2h = 4;\ w + h = 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = lwh = (3 - 2h)(2 - h)h = 2h^3 - 7h^2 + 6h&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 6h^2 - 14h + 6 = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;3h^2 - 7h + 3 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6} = 6.788\dots&lt;/math&gt; inches.
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====Solving ellipse at origin====
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[[File:0316ellipse01.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Graph of ellipse showing semi-chord through center.'''&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum, length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum, length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;
]]

An ellipse with center at origin has equation:
&lt;math&gt;Ax^2 + Bxy + Cy^2 + F = 0\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

Given values &lt;math&gt;A, B, C, F&lt;/math&gt; calculate:

* length of major axis

* length of minor axis.

In Figure 1 &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is any line from origin to ellipse and &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt;
is angle between &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt; axis and &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; so that length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum,
in which case length of major axis = &lt;math&gt;2t.&lt;/math&gt;
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Let &lt;math&gt;c = \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;s = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Then 
&lt;math&gt;x = t \cos(\theta) = tc,&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;y = t \sin(\theta) = ts.&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute these values in  &lt;math&gt;(1):&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Attcc + Bttcs + Cttss + F = 0\ \dots\ (2)&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{dt}{d\theta}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A(tt(-2cs) + cc2tt') + B(tt(cc-ss) + cs2tt') + C(tt(2sc) + ss2tt') = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Att(-2cs) + Acc2tt' + Btt(cc-ss) + Bcs2tt' + Ctt(2sc) + Css2tt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-2Attcs + Acc2tt' + Bttcc-Bttss + Bcs2tt' + 2Cttsc + 2Csstt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + Acc2tt' + 2Bcstt' + 2Csstt' - 2Attcs + Bttcc - Bttss + 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + t'(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst) = + 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{+ 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc}{(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst)}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum or minimum &lt;math&gt;t:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - Bcc + Bss - 2Csc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - 2Csc = Bcc - Bss &lt;/math&gt;

Square both sides, substitute &lt;math&gt;1 - ss&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;cc&lt;/math&gt; and result is:

&lt;math&gt;aS^2 + bS + c = 0\ \dots\ (3)&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;S = \sin^2(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a = (+ 4AA - 8AC + 4BB + 4CC)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;b = -a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c = BB&lt;/math&gt;
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=====An example=====
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Let equation of ellipse be: &lt;math&gt;55x^2 - 24xy + 48y^2 - 2496 = 0&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; A,B,C = 55,-24,48
&gt;&gt;&gt; a = (+ 4*A*A - 8*A*C + 4*B*B + 4*C*C);a
2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; b = -a;b
-2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; c = B*B;c
576
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b,c = [v/4 for v in (a,b,c)] ; a,b,c
(625.0, -625.0, 144.0)
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .36
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .64
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The solutions of quadratic equation &lt;math&gt;(3)&lt;/math&gt; are &lt;math&gt;.36&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;.64&lt;/math&gt;.

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.6&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.8&lt;/math&gt;.

From &lt;math&gt;(2)&lt;/math&gt; above: &lt;math&gt;t = \sqrt{\frac{-F}{Acc + Bcs + Css}}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
A,B,C,F = 55,-24,48, -2496

t1 = (0.6, 0.8)
dict1 = dict()

for v1 in (t1, t1[::-1]) :
    c1,s1 = v1
    for c in (c1,-c1) :
        for s in (s1,-s1) :
            t = (-F/( A*c*c + B*c*s + C*s*s ))**.5
            if t in dict1 : dict1[t] += ((c,s),)
            else : dict1[t] = ((c,s),)

L1 = [ (v, dict1[v]) for v in sorted([ v for v in dict1 ]) ]

for v in L1 : print (v)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
(6.244997998398398, ((0.8, -0.6), (-0.8, 0.6)))
(6.34287855135306,  ((0.6, -0.8), (-0.6, 0.8)))
(7.806247497997998, ((0.8, 0.6), (-0.8, -0.6)))
(7.999999999999999, ((0.6, 0.8), (-0.6, -0.8)))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Minimum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 6.244997998398398.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2 * 6.244997998398398&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 7.999999999999999.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 8 * 2&lt;/math&gt;

=====Gallery=====
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0319ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.8,-0.6],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{-3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0317ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.6,0.8],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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===Rates of Change===

====The car jack====

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[[File:0216_0705Carjack1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Photo of car jack illustrating horizontal''' &lt;math&gt;(BC)&lt;/math&gt; '''and vertical''' &lt;math&gt;(CA)&lt;/math&gt; '''rates of change.'''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

In triangle &lt;math&gt;ABC&lt;/math&gt; to the right:

* length &lt;math&gt;AB = 10&lt;/math&gt; inches, 

* length &lt;math&gt;BC = x&lt;/math&gt; inches and is horizontal,

* length &lt;math&gt;CA = y&lt;/math&gt; inches and is vertical,

* &lt;math&gt;\angle ABC = \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

Point &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is moving towards point &lt;math&gt;C&lt;/math&gt; at the rate of &lt;math&gt;5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.
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=====Vertical motion=====

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[[File:0216_0901CarJack3.png|thumb|400px|'''
Figure 3: Curves and values associated with car jack.'''&lt;/br&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
At what rate is point &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; moving upwards:

(a) when &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(b) when &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(c) when &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ&lt;/math&gt;?

We have to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is given.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x^2 + y^2 = 10^2&lt;/math&gt; (equation of circle)

&lt;math&gt;y = \sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 100 - x^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = -2x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-2x}{2y} = \frac{-x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

For convenience we'll use the negative value of the square root and say that &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}.&lt;/math&gt;

Relative to line &lt;math&gt;BC:&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 2.06\cdot5 = 10.3&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 0.1\cdot5 = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ, x = 10\cdot\cos 45^\circ = 7.071&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = 1\cdot 5 = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

This example highlights the mechanical advantage of this simple but effective tool. When the top of the jack is low, it moves quickly.
As the jack takes more and more weight, the top of the jack moves more slowly.
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=====Change of area=====

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[[File:0220_1007CarJack4.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; 
'''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;'''.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;b = h = \sqrt{50} = 10\cos(45^{\circ})&lt;/math&gt;
]]

At what rate is the area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; changing when

(i) &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(ii) &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(iii) &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt;
and &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt} = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches &lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt; minute.

&lt;math&gt;a = \frac{b\cdot h}{2} = \frac{x \cdot y}{2} = \frac{x\sqrt{100 - x^2}}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a = x\sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4a^2 = x^2(100 - x^2) = 100x^2 - x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;8a\cdot\frac{da}{dx} = 200x - 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = \frac{200x - 4x^3}{8a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{2a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{ x\sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{50 - x^2}{ \sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{da}{dx} = 7.11\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is increasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 7.11\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{da}{dx} = -4.92\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 4.92\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ},\ h = b = x = y = 10\cos(45^{\circ}) = 10\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = 5\sqrt{2},\ &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = 0,\ a&lt;/math&gt; is a maximum of &lt;math&gt;25&lt;/math&gt; square inches and &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;&lt;/math&gt;
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====On the clock====

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[[File:20200229clock.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Image of analog clock showing minute and hour hands at ''' &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; '''o'clock.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
An old fashion analog clock with American style face (12 hours) keeps accurate time.
The length of the minute hand is &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches and the length of the hour hand is &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; inches.

At what rate is the tip of the minute hand approaching the tip of the hour hand at 3 o'clock?

Let &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; be distance between the two tips.

The task is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{d\theta}\cdot \frac{d\theta}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; is
angle subtended by side &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; at center of clock.

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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt}:&lt;/math&gt;

Angular velocity of minute hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{1}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

Angular velocity of hour hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{12} = \frac{\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt} =&lt;/math&gt; angular velocity of minute hand relative to hour hand &lt;math&gt;= 2\pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{11\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.
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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot 4\cdot\cos \theta = 25 - 24\cos \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a\cdot\frac{da}{d\theta} = 24\sin \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta} = \frac{24\sin \theta}{2a} = \frac{24\sin 90^\circ}{2\cdot 5} = \frac{24}{10} = 2.4.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 2.4\cdot\frac{11\pi}{6} = 4.4\pi&lt;/math&gt; inches/hour.
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====Radar Speed Trap====

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[[File:20200314radarSpeedTrap.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Multi-lane highway oriented East-West.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AB = c = 200&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;BC = a = 50&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AC = b&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.
]]

A multi-lane highway is oriented East-West. A vehicle is moving in the inside lane from West to East.
A law-enforcement officer with a radar gun is in position 50 feet South of the center of the inside lane.
When the vehicle is 200 feet from the radar gun, it shows the vehicle's speed to be 60 mph.
What is the actual speed of the vehicle?

Let length &lt;math&gt;AC = b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{db}{dc}\cdot\frac{dc}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.


The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dc}:&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\ \ \ \ &amp;b^2 = c^2 - a^2;\ b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}\\
        &amp;2b\cdot \frac{db}{dc} = 2c\\
        &amp;\frac{db}{dc} = \frac{2c}{2b} = \frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2 - a^2}}
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{200}{\sqrt{200^2 - 50^2}}\cdot 60 = 61.967\dots&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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====On the Water====

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A ship is at sea &lt;math&gt;15&lt;/math&gt; nautical miles East and &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles South of a lighthouse, and the ship is steaming South-West at &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles/hour or &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

At what rate is ship approaching lighthouse?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot\frac{da}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; knots.
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[[File:0411onTheWater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram indicating position, course and speed of ship relative to lighthouse.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\angle BCA = \angle \theta.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2c\cdot\frac{dc}{da} = 2a - 2b\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da} = \frac{a - b\cos\theta}{c} = -0.291161615782696&lt;/math&gt;

The &lt;math&gt;-&lt;/math&gt; sign indicates that, when &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is increasing,
&lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing.
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot10&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 2.91161615782696&lt;/math&gt; knots towards the lighthouse.
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====Reciprocating engine====
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[[File:0413reciprocatingEngine.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating mathematical relationship between piston, connecting rod and crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
The diagram illustrates the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft 
of an internal combustion reciprocating engine.

The connecting rod &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is connected to piston on &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis,
and to crankshaft at end of &lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; axis.

This section analyzes the motion of the piston as the crankshaft rotates through angle 
&lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and the piston moves up and down on the &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis.
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=====Position of piston=====

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[[File:0413positionOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Diagram showing position of piston as a function of rotation of crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Piston moves up and down between &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;18&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;18 \ge y \ge 8&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;a^2 = y^2 + c^2 - 2yc\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2c\cos(x)y + c^2 - a^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2(5)\cos(x)y + (5)^2 - (13)^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10\cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ (10\cos(x))^2 -4(-144) } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 100(\cos(x))^2 + 576 } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = 5\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 25(\cos(x))^2 + 144 }&lt;/math&gt;
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Code supplied to grapher (without white space) is:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)(cos(x)) + ( ((25)((cos(x))^2) + 144 )^(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
When expressed in this way, it's easy to convert the code to python code:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)*(cos(x)) + ( ((25)*((cos(x))**2) + 144 )**(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Positions of interest:
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0624TopDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at top dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624BottomDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at bottom dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624PistonHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624CrankHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of crank half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624ConnRodTangential.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of connecting rod tangential to crank.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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=====Velocity of piston=====

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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Diagram showing velocity of piston as a function of position of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Strictly speaking, velocity &lt;math&gt;= \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
At constant RPM, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is constant. Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;
is used to illustrate velocity.
]]
Calculation of &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; by implicit differentiation.

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10 \cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10(\cos(x)y' + y(-\sin(x)) ) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10\cos(x)y' + 10\sin(x)y  = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cdot y' - 5\cos(x)y' = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'(y - 5\cos(x)) = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{5\sin(x)y}{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;
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=====Acceleration of piston=====

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[[File:0413accelerationOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4a: Diagram showing acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Negative acceleration has a greater absolute value than the positive, but it does not last as long.
]]
Acceleration introduces the second derivative. While velocity was the first derivative of position with respect to time,
acceleration is the first derivative of velocity or the second derivative of position.

From velocity above &lt;math&gt;yy' - 5\cos(x)y' + 5\sin(x)y = 0&lt;/math&gt;

By implicit differentation:

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5(\cos(x)y'' + y'(-\sin(x))) + 5(\sin(x)y' + y\cos(x)) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5\cos(x)y'' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' - 5\cos(x)y'' = -( y'y' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y''(y - 5\cos(x)) = -( y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'' = \frac{y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) }{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute for &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; as defined above, and you see the code input to grapher
at top of diagram to right.
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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder(closeup).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4b: Diagram showing &quot;irregularities&quot; in the curve of velocity while velocity is increasing.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed to illustrate shape of curves.
]]
&quot;Kinks&quot; in the curve:

It is not obvious by looking at the curve of velocity that there are slight irregularities in the curve when velocity is increasing.

However, the irregularities are obvious in the curve of acceleration.

During one revolution of the crankshaft there is less time allocated for negative acceleration than for positive acceleration.
Therefore, the maximum absolute value of negative acceleration is greater than the maximum value of positive acceleration.
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=====Minimum and maximum velocity=====

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[[File:0414maxVelocity.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Diagram showing positions of maximum velocity of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
In the first quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 0^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
In the second quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 180^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
Therefore, in the first quadrant, acceleration must be greater than in the second quadrant.
]]
Velocity is rate of change of position. See also Figure 3 above.


Minimum velocity:

Velocity is zero when slope of curve of position is zero.
This occurs at top dead center and at bottom dead center, ie, when 
&lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;x = \pi.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum velocity:

Intuition suggests that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the connecting rod is tangent
to the circle of the crankshaft. In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arctan(\frac{13}{5}) = 68.96\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;

or, that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the piston is half-way between top dead center and bottom dead center.
In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arccos(\frac{2.5}{13}) = 78.9\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;


However, velocity is maximum when acceleration is &lt;math&gt;0,&lt;/math&gt;
which occurs when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm 71.26\dots^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;

Suppose that the engine is rotating at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;955&lt;/math&gt; RPM.

&lt;math&gt;v_{max} = y' \frac{inches}{radian} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(v_{max}) = 5.36 (100)&lt;/math&gt; inches/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;30.5&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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=====Minimum and maximum acceleration=====

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[[File:0625MaxAcc1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Diagram showing positions of minimum and maximum acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity. See also Figures 4a and 4b above.


Minimum acceleration:

Acceleration is zero when slope of curve of velocity is zero. This occurs at maximum velocity or when 
&lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 71.3^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum acceleration:

Acceleration is maximum when slope of curve of velocity is maximum.

Maximum negative acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum negative. This happens at top dead center
when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum positive acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum positive. This happens before and after bottom
dead center when &lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 127^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Let the engine continue to rotate at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second.

&lt;math&gt;acc_{max} = y''\frac{inches}{radian^2}\cdot 100\frac{radians}{second} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(acc_{max}) = 6.92*100*100&lt;/math&gt; inches/second&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt; or approx. &lt;math&gt;180&lt;/math&gt; times 
the acceleration due to terrestrial gravity.

This maximum value of acceleration is maximum negative when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;


According to Newtonian physics &lt;math&gt;f = ma&lt;/math&gt;, force = mass*acceleration, and
&lt;math&gt;w = fs&lt;/math&gt;, work = force*distance. In this engine energy expended in just accelerating piston to maximum velocity
is proportional to rpm&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt;.

Perhaps this helps to explain why a big [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Watercraft marine diesel] engine rotating at low RPM can achieve [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Efficiency efficiency] of &lt;math&gt;55 \%.&lt;/math&gt;
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===Simple laws of motion===

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Let a body move in accordance with the following function of &lt;math&gt;t,\ f(t)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; means time:

&lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + c&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; is position at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; has the dimension of length. Therefore, each component of &lt;math&gt;f(t)&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimension of length.

For &lt;math&gt;bt&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time}&lt;/math&gt;
or velocity.

For &lt;math&gt;at^2&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time^2}&lt;/math&gt;
or acceleration.

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ p_0 = c&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivatives enable us to assign specific values to &lt;math&gt;a,\ b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p_t)}{dt} = f'(t) = v_t = 2at + b&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;v_t&lt;/math&gt; is velocity at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ v_0 = b&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + v_0t + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = f''(t) = 2a,&lt;/math&gt; a constant equal to the acceleration to which the body is subjected.

For convenience let us say that &lt;math&gt;p_t = \frac{1}{2}at^2 + v_0t + p_0&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is the
(constant) acceleration to which the body is subjected.

Then &lt;math&gt;v_t = \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2at + v_0 = at + v_0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = a.&lt;/math&gt;
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{{sfoot|Mathematics}}

[[Category:Calculus]]
[[Category:Differentiation]]</text>
      <sha1>3tkx9d99vzaedov6gz8buae75hykujs</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717842</id>
      <parentid>2717841</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T21:57:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SFBB</username>
        <id>1300847</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* d(x^n)/dx */</comment>
      <origin>2717842</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="58870" sha1="rjtwfh41uwyxxowjig60zgdjjyhbd4i" xml:space="preserve">== Derivative of a function ''f'' at a number ''a'' == 
=== Notation ===

We denote the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; as &lt;math&gt;f'(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.
=== Definition ===

The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; a is given by the following [[Calculus/Limits|limit]] (if it exists):&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
An analagous  equation can be defined by letting &lt;math&gt;x=(a+h)&lt;/math&gt;. Then &lt;math&gt;h=(x-a)&lt;/math&gt;, which shows that when &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{f(x)-f(a)}{x-a}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;

=== Interpretations ===
==== As the slope of a tangent line ====
Given a function &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative &lt;math&gt;f '(a)\,\!&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the slope of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}[[image:Graph of parabola and tangent line.png|400px]]{{center bottom}}
===== Example =====
Find the equation of the tangent line to &lt;math&gt;y=x^2&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;x=1&lt;/math&gt;.
===== Solution =====
To find the slope of the tangent, we let &lt;math&gt;y=f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and use our first definition:
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(a)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}(a+h)^2-(a)^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}a^2+2ah+h^2-a^2}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{{\color{Blue}h(2a+h)}}{h}\Rightarrow \lim_{h\rightarrow 0}{\color{Blue}(2a+h)}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
It can be seen that as &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; approaches &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;, we are left with &lt;math&gt;f'(a)={\color{Blue}2a}\,\!&lt;/math&gt;. If we plug in &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'({\color{Red}1})=2({\color{Red}1})\Rightarrow {\color{Red}2}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our preliminary equation for the tangent line is &lt;math&gt;y={\color{Red}2}x+b&lt;/math&gt;. By plugging in our tangent point &lt;math&gt;(1,1)&lt;/math&gt; to find &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;, we can arrive at our final equation:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;{\color{Red}1}=2({\color{Red}1})+b\Rightarrow -1=b&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}&lt;br&gt;
So our final equation is &lt;math&gt;y=2x-1\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

==== As a rate of change ====
The derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; at a number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; can be understood as the instantaneous rate of change of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x=a&lt;/math&gt;.

== The derivative as a function ==
So far we have only examined the derivative of a function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at a certain number &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;. If we move from the constant &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; to the variable &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;, we can calculate the derivative of the function as a whole, and come up with an equation that represents the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at any arbitrary &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; value. For clarification, the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;number&lt;/i&gt;, whereas the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is a &lt;i&gt;function&lt;/i&gt;.

=== Notation === 
Likewise to the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; at &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, the derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; is denoted &lt;math&gt;f'(x)\,\!&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Definition === 
The derivative of the function &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; is defined by the following limit:&lt;br&gt;
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
Also,
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow x}\frac{f(x)-f(h)}{x-h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}
or
{{center top}}&lt;math&gt;f'(x)=\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x-h)}{2h}&lt;/math&gt;{{center bottom}}

==d(x^n)/dx==

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Consider the sequences:

&lt;math&gt;y = x^2;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^2 = x^2 + 2xh + h^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^3;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^3 = x^3 + 3x^2h + 3xh^2 + h^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^4;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^4 = x^4 + 4x^3h + 6x^2h^2 + 4xh^3 + h^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^5;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^5 = x^5 + 5x^4h + 10x^3h^2 + 10x^2h^3 + 5xh^4 + h^5&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^6;\ y + \Delta y = (x + h)^6 = x^6 + 6x^5h\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^{k}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;k\ge 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = x^n;\ y + \Delta y = (x + \Delta x)^n = x^n + nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;h^{k}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;k\ge 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = nx^{n-1}\Delta x\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms containing &lt;math&gt;(\Delta x)^{k}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;k\ge 2&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = nx^{n-1}\ +&lt;/math&gt; many terms with each and every term containing &lt;math&gt;\Delta x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx} = nx^{n-1}&lt;/math&gt; read as &quot;derivative with respect to &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; to the power &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.&quot;

Later it will be shown that this is valid for all real &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;, positive or negative, integer or fraction.

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===Examples===
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^4)}{dx} = 4x^{(4-1)} = 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(7x^5)}{dx} = 7\frac{d(x^5)}{dx} = 7(5x^4) = 35x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p^3)}{dx} = \frac{d(p^3)}{dp}&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx} = 3p^2&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dp}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(2t^2 - 7T^3 + x^7)}{dx} = 4t&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dt}{dx} - 7(3T^2)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dT}{dx} + 7x^6&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}{dx} = \frac{1}{3}x^{\frac{1}{3}-1} = \frac{1}{3}x^{-\frac{2}{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
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===Without Using Calculus===
====Derivative of cubic function====
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[[File:0604cubic00.png|thumb|400px|'''
Graph of cubic function illustrating use of associated quadratic.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 7.5,&lt;/math&gt; there is exactly 1 value of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that gives &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(7.5).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == 3,&lt;/math&gt; there are 3 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(3).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x == p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; that give &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(p, f(p))&lt;/math&gt; is a stationary point.
]]
In the diagram there is a stationary point at &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = p,&lt;/math&gt; there are exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;
that produce &lt;math&gt;f(x) = f(p).&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to derive the condition that produces exactly 2 values of &lt;math&gt;x.&lt;/math&gt;


See Cubic function as 
[[Cubic_function#Function_as_product_of_linear_function_and_quadratic | product]] 
of linear function and quadratic.

The associated quadratic when &lt;math&gt;x = p:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;B = Ap + b = ap+b&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C = Bp + c = app + bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;


Divide &lt;math&gt;g(x) = ax^2 + (ap+b)x + (ap^2 + bp + c)&lt;/math&gt; by &lt;math&gt;(x-p).&lt;/math&gt;

This division gives a quotient of &lt;math&gt;ax + (2ap+b)&lt;/math&gt; and remainder of 
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 3ap^2 + 2bp + c.&lt;/math&gt;

Factor &lt;math&gt;(x-p)&lt;/math&gt; divides &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; exactly. Therefore, remainder
&lt;math&gt;h(p) = 0,&lt;/math&gt; the desired condition.

When &lt;math&gt;x = p,\ h(x) = 3ax^2 + 2bx + c,&lt;/math&gt; the derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
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====Derivative of quartic function====
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The quartic function: &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = ax^4 + bx^3 + cx^2 + dx + e\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p + q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (2a).&lt;/math&gt;

In &lt;math&gt;(1)&lt;/math&gt; substitute &lt;math&gt;(p - q)&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;x\ \dots\ (3a).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) + (3a):\ + 2apppp + 12appqq + 2aqqqq + 2bppp + 6bpqq + 2cpp + 2cqq + 2dp + 2e\ \dots\ (4)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(2a) - (3a):\ + 8apppq + 8apqqq + 6bppq + 2bqqq + 4cpq + 2dq\ \dots\ (5)&lt;/math&gt;

Reduce (4) and (5) and substitute Q for qq:

&lt;math&gt;+ apppp + 6appQ + aQQ + bppp + 3bpQ + cpp + cQ + dp + e\ \dots\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;+ 4appp + 4apQ + 3bpp + bQ + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5a)&lt;/math&gt;

Combine (4a) and (5a) to eliminate p and produce a function in Q:
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&lt;math&gt;C_{11}Q^{11} + C_{10}Q^{10} + C_9Q^9 +\ \cdots\ + C_2Q^2 + C_1Q + C_0&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;C_{11} = (- 65536aaaaaaaaaabb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_{10} = (- 131072aaaaaaaaaabd - 229376aaaaaaaaabbc + 94208aaaaaaaabbbb)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cdots\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_2 = (- 8192aaaaaabdeeee + 20480aaaaaacddeee \cdots - 288aabbbccccddd + 32aabbccccccdd)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_1 = (- 4096aaaaaaddeeee - 4096aaaaabcdeeee \cdots + 64aabbcccccdde - 20aabbccccdddd)&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
C0 = (- 2048aaaaacddeeee + 768aaaaaddddeee + 1536aaaabcdddeee - 576aaaabdddddee
      + 1024aaaacccddeee - 1536aaaaccddddee + 648aaaacdddddde - 81aaaadddddddd
      - 1152aaabbccddeee + 480aaabbcddddee - 18aaabbdddddde + 640aaabcccdddee
      - 384aaabccddddde + 54aaabcddddddd - 128aaacccccddee + 80aaaccccdddde
      - 12aaacccdddddd + 216aabbbbcddeee - 81aabbbbddddee - 144aabbbccdddee
      + 86aabbbcddddde - 12aabbbddddddd + 32aabbccccddee - 20aabbcccdddde
      + 3aabbccdddddd)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Coefficient of interest is &lt;math&gt;C_0&lt;/math&gt; which is in fact the value &lt;math&gt;Rs - Sr.&lt;/math&gt;
See [[Quartic_function#Equal_roots | Equal Roots]] of Quartic Function.


If &lt;math&gt;C_0 == 0,\ q = Q = 0&lt;/math&gt; is a solution and &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; contains at least 2 roots of format
&lt;math&gt;p+0, p-0.&lt;/math&gt; In other words 2 equal roots where &lt;math&gt;x = p.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;Q == 0,\ (4a)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(5a)&lt;/math&gt; become:

&lt;math&gt;ap^4 + bp^3 + cp^2 + dp + e\ \dots\ (4b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4ap^3 + 3bp^2 + 2cp + d\ \dots\ (5b)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(4b)&lt;/math&gt; is equivalent to &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;(5b)&lt;/math&gt; is derivative of &lt;math&gt;(4b).&lt;/math&gt;
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==Product Rule==

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = U(x);\ v = V(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = (u + \Delta u)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;(v + \Delta v) = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;v + u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta u + \Delta u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\Delta v&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} 
+ \frac{(\Delta u)(\Delta v)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = u&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dv}{dx} + v&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{du}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}.&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = mx^{m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  ny^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  n(x^{\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{mx^{m-1}}{  nx^{m - \frac{m}{n}}    }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{m - 1 - m + \frac{m}{n} }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a positive fraction.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-n} = \frac{1}{x^n}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;yx^n = 1&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ynx^{n-1} + x^n\frac{dy}{dx} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{ynx^{n-1}}{x^n} = -\frac{nx^{n-1}}{x^{n}x^n} = -nx^{n-1}x^{-2n} = -nx^{-n-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid for negative &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt;.
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Let &lt;math&gt;y = x^{-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^{-m}&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides.

&lt;math&gt;ny^{n-1}\frac{dy}{dx} = -mx^{-m-1}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{ny^{n-1}} = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{n(x^{-\frac{m}{n}})^{n-1}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{mx^{-m-1}}{nx^{-m+\frac{m}{n}}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-m-1+m-\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = -\frac{m}{n}x^{-\frac{m}{n}-1}&lt;/math&gt;

This shows that &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(x^n)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; as above is valid when &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; is a negative fraction.
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==Quotient rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = \frac{U(x)}{V(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{u}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv = u&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yv' + vy' = u'&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;vy' = u' - yv' = u' - \frac{uv'}{v}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{u'}{v} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu'}{v^2} - \frac{uv'}{v^2} = \frac{vu' - uv'}{v^2}&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of trigonometric functions==

===sine(x)===
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin (x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = \sin (x + \Delta x) = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = \sin(x)\cos(\Delta x) + \cos(x)\sin(\Delta x) - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x} + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} &lt;/math&gt;

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\Delta x) - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ (math.cos(Δx)-1)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[-0.049958347219742905, -0.004999958333473664, -0.0004999999583255033, 
-4.999999969612645e-05, -5.000000413701855e-06, -5.000444502911705e-07, 
-4.9960036108132044e-08, 0.0, 0.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)-1}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{-\sin(\Delta x)}{1} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

The value &lt;math&gt;\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; [ math.sin(Δx)/Δx for Δx in (.1,.01,.001,.0001,.0000_1,.0000_01,.0000_001,.0000_0001,.0000_0000_1) ]
[0.9983341664682815, 0.9999833334166665, 0.9999998333333416, 
0.9999999983333334, 0.9999999999833332, 0.9999999999998334, 
0.9999999999999983, 1.0, 1.0]
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\Delta x)}{\Delta x} = \lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\cos(\Delta x)}{1} = 1&lt;/math&gt;
by L'Hôpital's rule.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;0 + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

====Proof of 2 limits====

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[[File:0603D(sin(theta)).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;COB\ \ge&lt;/math&gt; area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }:&lt;/math&gt;


In the diagram &lt;math&gt;OA = OB = 1.&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;OC = OD = \cos(\theta).&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;CB = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;S&lt;/math&gt; be the area of a sector of a circle. Then &lt;math&gt;\frac{S}{\pi r^2} = \frac{\theta}{2\pi}&lt;/math&gt; 
and &lt;math&gt;S = \frac{\theta r^2}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;COD = \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of triangle &lt;math&gt;OCB = \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Area of sector &lt;math&gt;AOB = \frac{\theta \cdot 1^2}{2} = \frac{\theta}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{2}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\theta\ \ge\ \sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)\ \ge\ \theta \cos^2(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\theta}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) \cos(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\theta \cos^2(\theta)}{\theta \cos(\theta)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}   \frac{1}{ \cos(\theta)}\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\cos(\theta)  &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;1 \ \ge\ \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta }\ \ge\ 1 &lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sin(\theta) }{\theta } = 1.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{1 - \cos(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{1 + \cos(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= (-1)\cdot  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{\cos(\theta) - 1}{\theta}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=\lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} (-1)\cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0}  \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{\theta} \cdot \lim_{\theta\rightarrow 0} \frac{ \sin(\theta)}{1 + \cos(\theta)} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;=(-1)\cdot 1 \cdot  \frac{ 0}{1 + 1}  = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
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===cosine(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(x) = \sqrt{1 - \sin^2(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 1 - \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;2y&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -(2\sin(x)\cos(x))&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{\sin(x)\cos(x)}{\cos(x)} = -\sin(x).&lt;/math&gt;

===tan(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = \tan(x) = \frac{\sin(x)}{\cos(x)}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cos(x) = \sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

Differentiate both sides:

&lt;math&gt;y(-\sin(x)) + \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x) + y\sin(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\cos(x) + \tan(x)\sin(x)}{\cos(x)} = 1 + \tan^2(x) = \sec^2(x)&lt;/math&gt;

==Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions==

===arcsine(x)===


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[[File:20200207arcsin(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\cos(y)} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \sin ^2(y)}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;


In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x),\ x = \sin(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt;= y &gt;= \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arcsin(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arccosine(x)===

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[[File:20200209arccos(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x); \|x\| &lt;= 1&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = -\sin(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sin(y)} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - \cos ^2(y)}} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x),\ x = \cos(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\pi &gt;= y &gt;= 0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-1}{\sqrt{1 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arccos(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;-1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and infinite when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm1.&lt;/math&gt;
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===arctan(x)===

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[[File:20200209arctan(x).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; ''' and associated curves.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

&lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = \sec^2(y)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sec^2(y)} = \cos^2(y) = \frac{1}{1 + x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

In the figure to the right you can see that the curves &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x),\ x = \tan(y)&lt;/math&gt; are
the same curve. However curve &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt; is limited to &lt;math&gt;\frac{\pi}{2} &gt; y &gt; \frac{-\pi}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 + x^2}}&lt;/math&gt; shows that the slope of &lt;math&gt;y = \arctan(x)&lt;/math&gt;
is &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm \infty&lt;/math&gt;
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==Derivatives of logarithmic functions==

===a^x or &lt;math&gt;a^x&lt;/math&gt;===
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&lt;math&gt;y = a^x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y + \Delta y = a^{x + \Delta x} = a^xa^{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\Delta y = a^xa^{\Delta x} - a^x = a^x(a^{\Delta x} - 1)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = a^x \cdot \frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;

Consider the value &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; specifically 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt;. L'Hôpital's rule cannot be used here because
&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(a^x)}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; is what we are trying to find.

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(a^{\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{2}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{a}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^3}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\sqrt{a}}}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^{\frac{1}{2^n}} = \sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken &lt;math&gt;n&lt;/math&gt; times.

We will look at the expression &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; for different values of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
with &lt;math&gt;\Delta x = \frac{1}{2^{70}} = 8.5e-22&lt;/math&gt; (approx) in which case the expression becomes
&lt;math&gt;(a^{1/2^{70}} - 1)*(2^{70})&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a^{1/2^{70}}&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt[70]{a}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{a}&lt;/math&gt; taken 
&lt;math&gt;70&lt;/math&gt; times. This approach is used here because function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; can be written so 
that it does not depend on logarithmic or exponential operations.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v2 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v2
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(8)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v8
Decimal('2.07944154167983592825352768227031325913255072732801782513664')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(32)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v32 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v32
Decimal('3.46573590279972654709124760144583715956091114572543812435968')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=Decimal(128)
&gt;&gt;&gt; v128 = ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70) ; v128
Decimal('4.85203026391961716593059535875094644210510807293198187102208')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Compare the values &lt;code&gt;v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;v2&lt;/code&gt;:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; v8/v2; v32/v2; v128/v2
Decimal('3.00000000000000000000176135549769209744528640235368520610520')
Decimal('5.00000000000000000000587118499230699148996545343403093128046')
Decimal('7.00000000000000000001232948848384468209997247971055570994695')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

We know that &lt;math&gt;8 = 2^3;\ 32 = 2^5;\ 128 = 2^7&lt;/math&gt;. The values &lt;code&gt;v2, v8, v32, v128&lt;/code&gt; are behaving like logarithms.
In fact &lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x}&lt;/math&gt; is the natural logarithm of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;
written as &lt;math&gt;\ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:20200206ln(a).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Graphs of ''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; ''' for a = ''' &lt;math&gt;2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; '''.''' &lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

Figure 5 contains graphs of &lt;math&gt;\frac{a^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;a = 2,\ 8,\ 32,\ 128&lt;/math&gt; with 
graph of &lt;math&gt;\frac{e^x - 1}{x}&lt;/math&gt; included for reference.

All values of &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; are valid for all curves except where &lt;math&gt;x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

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The correct value of &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; is:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; Decimal(2).ln()
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360255254120680')
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Our calculation produced:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941743560122437474084363865015406919942144')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

accurate to 21 places of decimals, not bad for one line of simple python code using high-school math.
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This method for calculation of &lt;math&gt;\ln(a)&lt;/math&gt; supposes that function &lt;code&gt;sqrt()&lt;/code&gt; is available.

Programming language python interprets expression &lt;code&gt;a**b&lt;/code&gt; as &lt;math&gt;a^b.&lt;/math&gt;
Therefore, in python, &lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt; can be calculated in accordance with the basic definition above:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; getcontext().prec
101 # Precision of 101.
&gt;&gt;&gt; dx = Decimal('1E-50')
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**dx - 1)/dx
Decimal('0.69314718055994530941723212145817656807550013436026') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; (2**(-dx) - 1)/(-dx)
Decimal('0.693147180559945309417232121458176568075500134360253') # ln(2)
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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When &lt;math&gt;y = a^x, \frac{dy}{dx} = a^x \cdot \ln(a).&lt;/math&gt;

The base of natural logarithms is the value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; that gives 
&lt;math&gt;\lim_{\Delta x\rightarrow 0}\frac{a^{\Delta x} - 1}{\Delta x} = 1.&lt;/math&gt;

This value of &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;, usually called &lt;math&gt;e, = 2.718281828459045235360287471352662497757247093699959574.....&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
&gt;&gt;&gt; # python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; N=e=Decimal(1).exp();N
Decimal('2.71828182845904523536028747135266249775724709369995957496697')
&gt;&gt;&gt; ( [ n for n in (N,) for p in range (0,70) for n in (n.sqrt(),) ][-1] -1 )*(2**70)
Decimal('1.0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0423_51647362715016770651530003719651328')
&gt;&gt;&gt; # ln(e) = 1. Our calculation of ln(e) is accurate to 21 places of decimals.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;a = e, \frac{d(e^x)}{dx} = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;\ln(e) = e^x&lt;/math&gt;{{math|⋅}}&lt;math&gt;1 = e^x.&lt;/math&gt;
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===ln(x)===

&lt;math&gt;y = ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dy} = e^y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{e^y} = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

====Examples====

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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(ax)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(ax) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(a) + \ln(x)) = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(a) + \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \ln(x^a)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x^a) = \frac{d}{dx}(a \cdot \ln(x)) = a \cdot \frac{d}{dx}\ln(x) = \frac{a}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = x^{\frac{m}{n}}&lt;/math&gt; Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^n = x^m&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot \ln(y) = m\cdot \ln(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;n\cdot\frac{1}{y}\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = m\cdot \frac{1}{x}\cdot\frac{y}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot\frac{x^{\frac{m}{n}}}{x}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{m}{n}\cdot x^{\frac{m}{n} - 1 }&lt;/math&gt;

Careful manipulation of logarithms converts exponents into simple constants.
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==Chain rule==

Used where &lt;math&gt;y = G(H(I(x)))&lt;/math&gt;

===Examples===

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&lt;math&gt;y = \cos(2x)&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = \cos(u)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = 2x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du}\cdot\frac{du}{dx}\\
              =&amp; -\sin(u)\cdot     2\\
              =&amp; -2\sin(2x)\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;y = \sin^2(\ln(5x))&lt;/math&gt;

Let &lt;math&gt;y = u^2&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;u = \sin(v);\ v = \ln(w);\ w = 5x&lt;/math&gt;.

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\frac{dy}{dx} =&amp; \frac{dy}{du} \cdot \frac{du}{dv} \cdot \frac{dv}{dw} \cdot \frac{dw}{dx}\\
              =&amp; 2u \cdot \cos(v) \cdot \frac{1}{w} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(v) \cdot \cos(\ln(w)) \cdot \frac{1}{5x} \cdot 5\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(w)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
              =&amp; 2\sin(\ln(5x)) \cdot \cos(\ln(5x)) \cdot \frac{1}{x}\\
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;
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==Applications of the Derivative==
===Shape of curves===

The first derivative of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = y'&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;
As shown above, &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; at any point &lt;math&gt;x_1&lt;/math&gt; gives the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt;
at point &lt;math&gt;x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;f'(x_1)&lt;/math&gt; is the slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;x = x_1.&lt;/math&gt;

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[[File:0422xx_x_2.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt;and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0.5,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 0,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;Point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is absolute minimum.]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = x^2 - x - 2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = 2x - 1.&lt;/math&gt;

Of special interest is the point at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.5^2 - 0.5 - 2 = -2.25.&lt;/math&gt;

The point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is called a critical point or stationary point of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one solution for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly one critical point.

The value of &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is less than &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; at both
&lt;math&gt;(0, -2),\ (1,-2).&lt;/math&gt; Therefore the critical point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is a minimum of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;

In this curve &lt;math&gt;y = x^2 - x - 2,&lt;/math&gt; the point &lt;math&gt;(0.5, -2.25)&lt;/math&gt; is both local minimum and absolute minimum.
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[[File:0423_2x^3+3x^2-12x-8.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating relationship between &lt;math&gt;f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -2&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;x = 1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -3,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = -1,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1.5.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 2,&lt;/math&gt; both &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; and slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum.
&lt;/br&gt;
Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum.
]]
In the example to the right, &lt;math&gt;y = f(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 3x^2 - 12x - 8}{8}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y' = f'(x) = \frac{6x^2 + 6x - 12}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;


Of special interest are the points at which &lt;math&gt;f'(x)&lt;/math&gt; or slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = -2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 1.5&lt;/math&gt; or

When &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0,\ x = 1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(x) = -1\frac{7}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

The points &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5),\ (1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; are critical or stationary points of &lt;math&gt;f(x).&lt;/math&gt;
Because &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two real solutions for &lt;math&gt;y' = 0,\ f(x)&lt;/math&gt; has exactly two critical points.


Slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is positive and
adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is negative.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is local maximum. Point &lt;math&gt;(-2, 1.5)&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute maximum.


Adjacent slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the left of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is negative and
slope of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to the right of &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is positive.
Therefore point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is local minimum. Point &lt;math&gt;(1, -1\frac{7}{8})&lt;/math&gt; is not absolute minimum.
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===Maxima and Minima===

====Electric water heater====
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[[File:0304_1150WaterHeater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(a): Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;V = f(r)&lt;/math&gt; '''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr}&lt;/math&gt;''' for &lt;math&gt;S = 100&lt;/math&gt;'''&lt;/br&gt;
'''with &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed.'''&lt;/br&gt;
For maximum &lt;math&gt;V,\ r = \sqrt{\frac{S}{3\pi}} = 3.257\dots&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;V = 108.578\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]
A cylindrical water heater is standing on its base on a hard rubber pad that is a perfect thermal insulator.
The vertical curved surface and the top are exposed to the free air. The design of the cylinder requires that the volume of the cylinder 
should be maximum for a given surface area exposed to the free air. What is the shape of the cylinder?

Let the height of the cylinder be &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; and let &lt;math&gt;h = Kr&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;r&lt;/math&gt;
is the radius and &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; is a constant.

Surface of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = S = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r h  = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r (Kr) = \pi r^2 + 2\pi r^2K&lt;/math&gt;

Volume of cylinder &lt;math&gt; = V = \pi r^2h = \pi r^2(Kr) = \pi r^3K&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;K = \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = \pi r^3 \cdot \frac{S - \pi r^2}{2\pi r^2} = \frac{r(S - \pi r^2)}{2} = \frac{rS - \pi r^3}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = \frac{S - 3\pi r^2}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dr} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore &lt;math&gt;S - 3\pi r^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;S = 3\pi r^2;\ \pi r^2(1 + 2K) = 3\pi r^2;\ 1 + 2K = 3;\ K =1.&lt;/math&gt;

The height of the cylinder equals the radius.
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====Square and triangle====

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[[File:0224_0145SandT0.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(b): Graph of parabola''' &lt;math&gt;A = f(s)&lt;/math&gt; 
'''with''' &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt;
'''axis compressed.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
A square of side &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_s = 4h&lt;/math&gt; and area
&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2.&lt;/math&gt;

An equilateral triangle of side &lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt; has perimeter &lt;math&gt;P_t = 3s&lt;/math&gt;
and area &lt;math&gt;A_t = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;P_s + P_t = 50.&lt;/math&gt;

Total area &lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_ t&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; must be minimum. What is the value of
&lt;math&gt;s&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;4h + 3s = 50&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{50 - 3s}{4}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A_s = h^2 = (\frac{50 - 3s}{4})^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A = A_s + A_t&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{2500 - 300s + 9s^2}{16} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{16}(2500 - 300s + 9s^2 + 4\sqrt{3}s^2)&lt;/math&gt;

For minimum &lt;math&gt;A,\ \frac{dA}{ds} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-300 + 2(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(9 + 4\sqrt{3})s = 150&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;s = \frac{150}{9 + 4\sqrt{3}}&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 9.417\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====County Road====

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[[File:0304_1916CountyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(c): Plan of county road between Town A and Town B to be constructed so that cost is minimum.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]

Town B is 40 miles East and 50 miles North of Town A. The county is going to construct a road from Town A to Town B.
Adjacent to Town A the cost to build a road is $500k/mile.
Adjacent to Town B the cost to build a road is $200k/mile.
The dividing line runs East-West 30 miles North of Town A.
Calculate the position of point C so that the cost of the road from Town A to Town B is minimum.

Let point &lt;math&gt;C = (x,30).&lt;/math&gt;

Then distance from Town A to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{x^2 + 30^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + 900}.&lt;/math&gt;

Distance from Town B to point &lt;math&gt;C = \sqrt{(40-x)^2 + 20^2} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{1600 - 80x + x^2 + 400} &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}.&lt;/math&gt;
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[[File:0305_1504CostOfCtyRoad.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(d): Graphs showing cost of county road &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f'(x).&lt;/math&gt;'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Curve showing &lt;math&gt;(f(x))&lt;/math&gt; is actually &lt;math&gt;\frac{f(x)}{10}&lt;/math&gt;.
&lt;/br&gt;
Cost is minimum where &lt;math&gt;x = 10.523\dots&lt;/math&gt;
]]

Cost &lt;math&gt;= 5\sqrt{x^2 + 900} + 2\sqrt{2000 - 80x + x^2}&lt;/math&gt; in units of $100k.

For minimum cost &lt;math&gt;f'(x) = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2x}{\sqrt{x^2 + 900}} + 2\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{5x}{\sqrt{x^2+900}} + \frac{-80+2x}{\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2}} = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;5x\sqrt{2000-80x+x^2} + (-80+2x)\sqrt{x^2+900} = 0&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;x = 10.52322823517\dots&lt;/math&gt;
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====Cardboard box====

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[[File:0307_1747box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(e): Sheet of cardboard to be cut and folded to make box of maximum possible volume.'''&lt;/br&gt;
Cut on purple lines, fold on red lines.&lt;/br&gt;
Design of box includes top.
]]

A piece of cardboard of length &lt;math&gt;4\ ft&lt;/math&gt; and width &lt;math&gt;3\ ft&lt;/math&gt;
will be used to make a box with a top. Some waste will be cut out of the piece of cardboard
and the remaining cardboard will be folded to make a box so that the volume of the box is maximum.

What is the height of the box?
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[[File:0309_1757box.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1(f): Curves associated with design of cardboard box.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 0&lt;/math&gt; and 
&lt;math&gt;V&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when &lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
]]

&lt;math&gt;2h + l = 3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2w + 2h = 4;\ w + h = 2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;V = lwh = (3 - 2h)(2 - h)h = 2h^3 - 7h^2 + 6h&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum volume &lt;math&gt;\frac{dV}{dh} = 6h^2 - 14h + 6 = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;3h^2 - 7h + 3 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;h = \frac{7 - \sqrt{13}}{6} = 6.788\dots&lt;/math&gt; inches.
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====Solving ellipse at origin====
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[[File:0316ellipse01.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Graph of ellipse showing semi-chord through center.'''&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum, length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum, length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2t.&lt;/math&gt;
]]

An ellipse with center at origin has equation:
&lt;math&gt;Ax^2 + Bxy + Cy^2 + F = 0\ \dots\ (1)&lt;/math&gt;

Given values &lt;math&gt;A, B, C, F&lt;/math&gt; calculate:

* length of major axis

* length of minor axis.

In Figure 1 &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is any line from origin to ellipse and &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt;
is angle between &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt; axis and &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

Aim of this section is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; so that length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum,
in which case length of major axis = &lt;math&gt;2t.&lt;/math&gt;
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Let &lt;math&gt;c = \cos(\theta)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;s = \sin(\theta).&lt;/math&gt;

Then 
&lt;math&gt;x = t \cos(\theta) = tc,&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;y = t \sin(\theta) = ts.&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute these values in  &lt;math&gt;(1):&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Attcc + Bttcs + Cttss + F = 0\ \dots\ (2)&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{dt}{d\theta}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;A(tt(-2cs) + cc2tt') + B(tt(cc-ss) + cs2tt') + C(tt(2sc) + ss2tt') = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Att(-2cs) + Acc2tt' + Btt(cc-ss) + Bcs2tt' + Ctt(2sc) + Css2tt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;-2Attcs + Acc2tt' + Bttcc-Bttss + Bcs2tt' + 2Cttsc + 2Csstt' = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + Acc2tt' + 2Bcstt' + 2Csstt' - 2Attcs + Bttcc - Bttss + 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt; + t'(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst) = + 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;t' = \frac{+ 2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc}{(Acc2t + 2Bcst + 2Csst)}&lt;/math&gt;

For maximum or minimum &lt;math&gt;t:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Attcs - Bttcc + Bttss - 2Cttsc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - Bcc + Bss - 2Csc = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2Acs - 2Csc = Bcc - Bss &lt;/math&gt;

Square both sides, substitute &lt;math&gt;1 - ss&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;cc&lt;/math&gt; and result is:

&lt;math&gt;aS^2 + bS + c = 0\ \dots\ (3)&lt;/math&gt; where:

&lt;math&gt;S = \sin^2(\theta)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a = (+ 4AA - 8AC + 4BB + 4CC)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;b = -a&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c = BB&lt;/math&gt;
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=====An example=====
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Let equation of ellipse be: &lt;math&gt;55x^2 - 24xy + 48y^2 - 2496 = 0&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
&gt;&gt;&gt; A,B,C = 55,-24,48
&gt;&gt;&gt; a = (+ 4*A*A - 8*A*C + 4*B*B + 4*C*C);a
2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; b = -a;b
-2500
&gt;&gt;&gt; c = B*B;c
576
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b,c = [v/4 for v in (a,b,c)] ; a,b,c
(625.0, -625.0, 144.0)
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .36
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; S = .64
&gt;&gt;&gt; a*S*S + b*S + c
0.0
&gt;&gt;&gt; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The solutions of quadratic equation &lt;math&gt;(3)&lt;/math&gt; are &lt;math&gt;.36&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;.64&lt;/math&gt;.

Therefore &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.6&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\sin(\theta) = \pm 0.8&lt;/math&gt;.

From &lt;math&gt;(2)&lt;/math&gt; above: &lt;math&gt;t = \sqrt{\frac{-F}{Acc + Bcs + Css}}&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
# python code
A,B,C,F = 55,-24,48, -2496

t1 = (0.6, 0.8)
dict1 = dict()

for v1 in (t1, t1[::-1]) :
    c1,s1 = v1
    for c in (c1,-c1) :
        for s in (s1,-s1) :
            t = (-F/( A*c*c + B*c*s + C*s*s ))**.5
            if t in dict1 : dict1[t] += ((c,s),)
            else : dict1[t] = ((c,s),)

L1 = [ (v, dict1[v]) for v in sorted([ v for v in dict1 ]) ]

for v in L1 : print (v)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
(6.244997998398398, ((0.8, -0.6), (-0.8, 0.6)))
(6.34287855135306,  ((0.6, -0.8), (-0.6, 0.8)))
(7.806247497997998, ((0.8, 0.6), (-0.8, -0.6)))
(7.999999999999999, ((0.6, 0.8), (-0.6, -0.8)))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Minimum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 6.244997998398398.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of minor axis &lt;math&gt;= 2 * 6.244997998398398&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum value of &lt;math&gt;t = 7.999999999999999.&lt;/math&gt; 
Length of major axis &lt;math&gt;= 8 * 2&lt;/math&gt;

=====Gallery=====
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0319ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.8,-0.6],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{-3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is minimum.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0317ellipse00.png|&lt;small&gt;When line &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; has direction cosines &lt;math&gt;[0.6,0.8],&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\tan(\theta) = \frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt; and length of &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; is maximum.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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===Rates of Change===

====The car jack====

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[[File:0216_0705Carjack1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Photo of car jack illustrating horizontal''' &lt;math&gt;(BC)&lt;/math&gt; '''and vertical''' &lt;math&gt;(CA)&lt;/math&gt; '''rates of change.'''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;]]

In triangle &lt;math&gt;ABC&lt;/math&gt; to the right:

* length &lt;math&gt;AB = 10&lt;/math&gt; inches, 

* length &lt;math&gt;BC = x&lt;/math&gt; inches and is horizontal,

* length &lt;math&gt;CA = y&lt;/math&gt; inches and is vertical,

* &lt;math&gt;\angle ABC = \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

Point &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is moving towards point &lt;math&gt;C&lt;/math&gt; at the rate of &lt;math&gt;5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.
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=====Vertical motion=====

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[[File:0216_0901CarJack3.png|thumb|400px|'''
Figure 3: Curves and values associated with car jack.'''&lt;/br&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06\dots&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
At what rate is point &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; moving upwards:

(a) when &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(b) when &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(c) when &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ&lt;/math&gt;?

We have to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is given.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;x^2 + y^2 = 10^2&lt;/math&gt; (equation of circle)

&lt;math&gt;y = \sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 = 100 - x^2&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot\frac{dy}{dx} = -2x&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-2x}{2y} = \frac{-x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}&lt;/math&gt;

For convenience we'll use the negative value of the square root and say that &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{\sqrt{100 - x^2}}.&lt;/math&gt;

Relative to line &lt;math&gt;BC:&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 2.06,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 2.06\cdot5 = 10.3&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.1,\ \frac{dy}{dt} = 0.1\cdot5 = 0.5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^\circ, x = 10\cdot\cos 45^\circ = 7.071&lt;/math&gt; and
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dt} = 1\cdot 5 = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches&lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt;minute.

This example highlights the mechanical advantage of this simple but effective tool. When the top of the jack is low, it moves quickly.
As the jack takes more and more weight, the top of the jack moves more slowly.
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=====Change of area=====

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[[File:0220_1007CarJack4.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4: Graph of ''' &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; 
'''and''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;'''.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is maximum when
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;b = h = \sqrt{50} = 10\cos(45^{\circ})&lt;/math&gt;
]]

At what rate is the area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; changing when

(i) &lt;math&gt;x = 9&lt;/math&gt;?

(ii) &lt;math&gt;x = 1&lt;/math&gt;?

(iii) &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt;
and &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt} = 5&lt;/math&gt; inches &lt;math&gt;/&lt;/math&gt; minute.

&lt;math&gt;a = \frac{b\cdot h}{2} = \frac{x \cdot y}{2} = \frac{x\sqrt{100 - x^2}}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

Calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a = x\sqrt{100 - x^2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;4a^2 = x^2(100 - x^2) = 100x^2 - x^4&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;8a\cdot\frac{da}{dx} = 200x - 4x^3&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = \frac{200x - 4x^3}{8a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{2a} = \frac{50x - x^3}{ x\sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt; = \frac{50 - x^2}{ \sqrt{100 - x^2}  }&lt;/math&gt;

When &lt;math&gt;x = 9,\ \frac{da}{dx} = 7.11\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is increasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 7.11\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;x = 1,\ \frac{da}{dx} = -4.92\dots&lt;/math&gt; and area of &lt;math&gt;\Delta ABC&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing at rate of 
&lt;math&gt;(5\cdot 4.92\dots)&lt;/math&gt; square inches/minute.

When &lt;math&gt;\theta = 45^{\circ},\ h = b = x = y = 10\cos(45^{\circ}) = 10\cdot\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = 5\sqrt{2},\ &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dx} = 0,\ a&lt;/math&gt; is a maximum of &lt;math&gt;25&lt;/math&gt; square inches and &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 0.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;&lt;/math&gt;
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====On the clock====

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[[File:20200229clock.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Image of analog clock showing minute and hour hands at ''' &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; '''o'clock.'''
&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
]]
An old fashion analog clock with American style face (12 hours) keeps accurate time.
The length of the minute hand is &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches and the length of the hour hand is &lt;math&gt;3&lt;/math&gt; inches.

At what rate is the tip of the minute hand approaching the tip of the hour hand at 3 o'clock?

Let &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; be distance between the two tips.

The task is to calculate &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = \frac{da}{d\theta}\cdot \frac{d\theta}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; is
angle subtended by side &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; at center of clock.

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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt}:&lt;/math&gt;

Angular velocity of minute hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{1}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

Angular velocity of hour hand &lt;math&gt;= \frac{2\pi}{12} = \frac{\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d\theta}{dt} =&lt;/math&gt; angular velocity of minute hand relative to hour hand &lt;math&gt;= 2\pi - \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{11\pi}{6}&lt;/math&gt; radians/hour.
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Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;a^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot 4\cdot\cos \theta = 25 - 24\cos \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2a\cdot\frac{da}{d\theta} = 24\sin \theta.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{d\theta} = \frac{24\sin \theta}{2a} = \frac{24\sin 90^\circ}{2\cdot 5} = \frac{24}{10} = 2.4.&lt;/math&gt;
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 2.4\cdot\frac{11\pi}{6} = 4.4\pi&lt;/math&gt; inches/hour.
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====Radar Speed Trap====

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[[File:20200314radarSpeedTrap.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Multi-lane highway oriented East-West.'''&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AB = c = 200&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;BC = a = 50&lt;/math&gt; feet.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;AC = b&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.
]]

A multi-lane highway is oriented East-West. A vehicle is moving in the inside lane from West to East.
A law-enforcement officer with a radar gun is in position 50 feet South of the center of the inside lane.
When the vehicle is 200 feet from the radar gun, it shows the vehicle's speed to be 60 mph.
What is the actual speed of the vehicle?

Let length &lt;math&gt;AC = b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{db}{dc}\cdot\frac{dc}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = 60&lt;/math&gt; mph.


The derivative &lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dc}:&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\begin{align}
\ \ \ \ &amp;b^2 = c^2 - a^2;\ b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}\\
        &amp;2b\cdot \frac{db}{dc} = 2c\\
        &amp;\frac{db}{dc} = \frac{2c}{2b} = \frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2 - a^2}}
\end{align}&lt;/math&gt;


&lt;math&gt;\frac{db}{dt} = \frac{200}{\sqrt{200^2 - 50^2}}\cdot 60 = 61.967\dots&lt;/math&gt; mph.
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====On the Water====

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A ship is at sea &lt;math&gt;15&lt;/math&gt; nautical miles East and &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles South of a lighthouse, and the ship is steaming South-West at &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt;
nautical miles/hour or &lt;math&gt;10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

At what rate is ship approaching lighthouse?

&lt;math&gt;\frac{da}{dt} = 10&lt;/math&gt; knots.

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot\frac{da}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; knots.
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[[File:0411onTheWater.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram indicating position, course and speed of ship relative to lighthouse.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\angle BCA = \angle \theta.&lt;/math&gt;
]]
Calculating &lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da}:&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2c\cdot\frac{dc}{da} = 2a - 2b\cos\theta&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{da} = \frac{a - b\cos\theta}{c} = -0.291161615782696&lt;/math&gt;

The &lt;math&gt;-&lt;/math&gt; sign indicates that, when &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is increasing,
&lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; is decreasing.
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&lt;math&gt;\frac{dc}{dt} = \frac{dc}{da}\cdot10&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= 2.91161615782696&lt;/math&gt; knots towards the lighthouse.
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====Reciprocating engine====
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[[File:0413reciprocatingEngine.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 1: Diagram illustrating mathematical relationship between piston, connecting rod and crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
The diagram illustrates the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft 
of an internal combustion reciprocating engine.

The connecting rod &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is connected to piston on &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis,
and to crankshaft at end of &lt;math&gt;c&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; axis.

This section analyzes the motion of the piston as the crankshaft rotates through angle 
&lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and the piston moves up and down on the &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis.
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=====Position of piston=====

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[[File:0413positionOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 2: Diagram showing position of piston as a function of rotation of crankshaft in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Piston moves up and down between &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;18&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;18 \ge y \ge 8&lt;/math&gt;
]]
&lt;math&gt;a^2 = y^2 + c^2 - 2yc\cos(x)&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2c\cos(x)y + c^2 - a^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 2(5)\cos(x)y + (5)^2 - (13)^2 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10\cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ (10\cos(x))^2 -4(-144) } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = \frac{10\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 100(\cos(x))^2 + 576 } }{2}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y = 5\cos(x) + \sqrt{ 25(\cos(x))^2 + 144 }&lt;/math&gt;
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Code supplied to grapher (without white space) is:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)(cos(x)) + ( ((25)((cos(x))^2) + 144 )^(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
When expressed in this way, it's easy to convert the code to python code:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=python&gt;
(5)*(cos(x)) + ( ((25)*((cos(x))**2) + 144 )**(0.5) )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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Positions of interest:
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&lt;gallery&gt;
File:0624TopDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at top dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624BottomDeadCenter.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston at bottom dead center.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624PistonHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of piston half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624CrankHalfWay.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of crank half-way between TDC and BDC.&lt;/small&gt;
File:0624ConnRodTangential.png|&lt;small&gt;Graph and diagram of connecting rod tangential to crank.&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
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=====Velocity of piston=====

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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 3: Diagram showing velocity of piston as a function of position of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Strictly speaking, velocity &lt;math&gt;= \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx}\cdot\frac{dx}{dt}.&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
At constant RPM, &lt;math&gt;\frac{dx}{dt}&lt;/math&gt; is constant. Therefore &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt;
is used to illustrate velocity.
]]
Calculation of &lt;math&gt;\frac{dy}{dx}&lt;/math&gt; by implicit differentiation.

&lt;math&gt;y^2 - 10 \cos(x)y - 144 = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10(\cos(x)y' + y(-\sin(x)) ) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;2y\cdot y' - 10\cos(x)y' + 10\sin(x)y  = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y\cdot y' - 5\cos(x)y' = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'(y - 5\cos(x)) = -5\sin(x)y&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y' = \frac{5\sin(x)y}{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;
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=====Acceleration of piston=====

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[[File:0413accelerationOfPistonInCylinder.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4a: Diagram showing acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
Negative acceleration has a greater absolute value than the positive, but it does not last as long.
]]
Acceleration introduces the second derivative. While velocity was the first derivative of position with respect to time,
acceleration is the first derivative of velocity or the second derivative of position.

From velocity above &lt;math&gt;yy' - 5\cos(x)y' + 5\sin(x)y = 0&lt;/math&gt;

By implicit differentation:

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5(\cos(x)y'' + y'(-\sin(x))) + 5(\sin(x)y' + y\cos(x)) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' + y'y' - 5\cos(x)y'' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) = 0&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;yy'' - 5\cos(x)y'' = -( y'y' + 5y'\sin(x) + 5\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y''(y - 5\cos(x)) = -( y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) )&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;y'' = \frac{y'y' + 10\sin(x)y' + 5y\cos(x) }{5\cos(x) - y}&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute for &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y'&lt;/math&gt; as defined above, and you see the code input to grapher
at top of diagram to right.
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[[File:0413velocityOfPistonInCylinder(closeup).png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 4b: Diagram showing &quot;irregularities&quot; in the curve of velocity while velocity is increasing.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; axis compressed to illustrate shape of curves.
]]
&quot;Kinks&quot; in the curve:

It is not obvious by looking at the curve of velocity that there are slight irregularities in the curve when velocity is increasing.

However, the irregularities are obvious in the curve of acceleration.

During one revolution of the crankshaft there is less time allocated for negative acceleration than for positive acceleration.
Therefore, the maximum absolute value of negative acceleration is greater than the maximum value of positive acceleration.
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=====Minimum and maximum velocity=====

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[[File:0414maxVelocity.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 5: Diagram showing positions of maximum velocity of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
In the first quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 0^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
In the second quadrant, from &lt;math&gt;x = 90^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;x = 180^{\circ},&lt;/math&gt; the piston
moves through &lt;math&gt;4&lt;/math&gt; inches.
&lt;/br&gt;
Therefore, in the first quadrant, acceleration must be greater than in the second quadrant.
]]
Velocity is rate of change of position. See also Figure 3 above.


Minimum velocity:

Velocity is zero when slope of curve of position is zero.
This occurs at top dead center and at bottom dead center, ie, when 
&lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;x = \pi.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum velocity:

Intuition suggests that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the connecting rod is tangent
to the circle of the crankshaft. In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arctan(\frac{13}{5}) = 68.96\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;

or, that the position of maximum velocity might be the point at which the piston is half-way between top dead center and bottom dead center.
In other words:

&lt;math&gt;x = \arccos(\frac{2.5}{13}) = 78.9\dots^{\circ}&lt;/math&gt;


However, velocity is maximum when acceleration is &lt;math&gt;0,&lt;/math&gt;
which occurs when &lt;math&gt;x = \pm 71.26\dots^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;

Suppose that the engine is rotating at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;955&lt;/math&gt; RPM.

&lt;math&gt;v_{max} = y' \frac{inches}{radian} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(v_{max}) = 5.36 (100)&lt;/math&gt; inches/second or approx. &lt;math&gt;30.5&lt;/math&gt; mph.
{{RoundBoxBottom}}

=====Minimum and maximum acceleration=====

{{RoundBoxTop|theme=2}}
[[File:0625MaxAcc1.png|thumb|400px|'''Figure 6: Diagram showing positions of minimum and maximum acceleration of piston in reciprocating engine.'''
&lt;/br&gt;
]]
Acceleration is rate of change of velocity. See also Figures 4a and 4b above.


Minimum acceleration:

Acceleration is zero when slope of curve of velocity is zero. This occurs at maximum velocity or when 
&lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 71.3^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Maximum acceleration:

Acceleration is maximum when slope of curve of velocity is maximum.

Maximum negative acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum negative. This happens at top dead center
when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;

Maximum positive acceleration occurs when slope of curve of velocity is maximum positive. This happens before and after bottom
dead center when &lt;math&gt;\angle x&lt;/math&gt; is approx. &lt;math&gt;\pm 127^{\circ}.&lt;/math&gt;


Let the engine continue to rotate at &lt;math&gt;100&lt;/math&gt; radians/second.

&lt;math&gt;acc_{max} = y''\frac{inches}{radian^2}\cdot 100\frac{radians}{second} \cdot 100\frac{radians}{second}&lt;/math&gt;

abs&lt;math&gt;(acc_{max}) = 6.92*100*100&lt;/math&gt; inches/second&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt; or approx. &lt;math&gt;180&lt;/math&gt; times 
the acceleration due to terrestrial gravity.

This maximum value of acceleration is maximum negative when &lt;math&gt;\angle x = 0.&lt;/math&gt;


According to Newtonian physics &lt;math&gt;f = ma&lt;/math&gt;, force = mass*acceleration, and
&lt;math&gt;w = fs&lt;/math&gt;, work = force*distance. In this engine energy expended in just accelerating piston to maximum velocity
is proportional to rpm&lt;math&gt;^2&lt;/math&gt;.

Perhaps this helps to explain why a big [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Watercraft marine diesel] engine rotating at low RPM can achieve [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine#Efficiency efficiency] of &lt;math&gt;55 \%.&lt;/math&gt;
{{RoundBoxBottom}}
{{RoundBoxBottom}}

===Simple laws of motion===

{{RoundBoxTop|theme=2}}
Let a body move in accordance with the following function of &lt;math&gt;t,\ f(t)&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; means time:

&lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + c&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; is position at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;p_t&lt;/math&gt; has the dimension of length. Therefore, each component of &lt;math&gt;f(t)&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimension of length.

For &lt;math&gt;bt&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time}&lt;/math&gt;
or velocity.

For &lt;math&gt;at^2&lt;/math&gt; to have the dimension of length, &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; must have the dimensions of &lt;math&gt;\frac{length}{time^2}&lt;/math&gt;
or acceleration.

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ p_0 = c&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + bt + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

The derivatives enable us to assign specific values to &lt;math&gt;a,\ b.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(p_t)}{dt} = f'(t) = v_t = 2at + b&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;v_t&lt;/math&gt; is velocity at time &lt;math&gt;t.&lt;/math&gt;

If &lt;math&gt;t ==0,\ v_0 = b&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;p_t = f(t) = at^2 + v_0t + p_0.&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = f''(t) = 2a,&lt;/math&gt; a constant equal to the acceleration to which the body is subjected.

For convenience let us say that &lt;math&gt;p_t = \frac{1}{2}at^2 + v_0t + p_0&lt;/math&gt; where &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; is the
(constant) acceleration to which the body is subjected.

Then &lt;math&gt;v_t = \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2at + v_0 = at + v_0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{d(v_t)}{dt} = a.&lt;/math&gt;
{{RoundBoxBottom}}

{{sfoot|Mathematics}}

[[Category:Calculus]]
[[Category:Differentiation]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Computer Skills/Fundamentals/Typing</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>60198</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717906</id>
      <parentid>2713992</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-05T14:04:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Juma JK</username>
        <id>3003132</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Tutorials for Children and Adults */</comment>
      <origin>2717906</origin>
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      <text bytes="2609" sha1="pzpz900z5gxfngqnfokxloh01jutmld" xml:space="preserve">{{:{{BASEPAGENAME}}/Sidebar}}
Typing is the process of writing or inputting text by pressing keys on a typewriter, keyboard, cell phone, or a calculator. It can be distinguished from other means of text input, such as handwriting and speech recognition.&lt;ref&gt;[[Wikipedia: Typing]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Learners should practice typing for fifteen minutes each day until their typing speed is at least 30 words per minute.

== Multimedia ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-_5SfmTq4A YouTube: Learn To Type: Get To Know Your Keyboard] (~7 minutes)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_gT-QKhT9Hk Youtube: Type Faster: Best NEW Typing Game Site of 2025]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5ZpQpJhz5A How To Teach Yourself To Touch Type - Kidztype]

== Tutorials for Children ==
* [https://www.dancemattypingguide.com/ Dance Mat Typing]

== Tutorials for Children and Adults ==
* [http://www.typing.com/ Typing.com: Learn to Type]
*[https://agilefingers.com/ AgileFingers]
* [http://play.typeracer.com/ TypeRacer]
* [http://www.freetypinggame.net/free-typing-test.asp FreeTypingGame.net]
* [http://typingtest.com TypingTest.com]
* [http://www.ratatype.com/ Ratatype]
* [http://www.typeonline.co.uk/ Type Online]
* [https://www.nitrotype.com Nitro Type Competitive Typing]
* [https://www.funtotype.com FunToType Typing Games]
* [https://www.typerush.com TypeRush Worldwide Typing Racing Game]
* [https://typingbird.com/ TypingBird Typing Games]
* [https://www.kidztype.com/browse-typing-games.html KidzType Typing Games]
* [https://typingspeedtest.app/ Typing Speed Test]
* Typing Durations Test&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://boosttyping.com/|title=BoostTyping.com {{!}} Free Typing Practice, Tests &amp; Lessons for All Levels|website=boosttyping.com|access-date=2025-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tutorials for Adults ==
* [http://www.gcflearnfree.org/typing GCFLearnFree.org: Typing Tutorial]
* [http://www.gcflearnfree.org/techsavvy/1 GCFLearnFree.org: Keyboard Shortcuts]
* [http://digitallearn.org/learn/getting-started-computer/keyboard DigitalLearn.org: Getting Started on the Computer - the Keyboard]
* [http://www.typingstudy.com Typing Study] - Free online touch typing lessons, speed tests, typing games
* [http://www.sense-lang.org/typing/tutor/index.php?lang=EN Sense Lang] - Online touch typing lessons
*[https://wpmtest.org Wpm Test] - Word Per Minute Test

== See Also ==
* [[Elementary Typing]]
* [[Introduction_to_Computers/Input_Devices | Input Devices]]
* [[Wikipedia: Typing]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{subpage navbar}}
{{CourseCat}}
[[Category:Computer Skills]]
[[Category:Typing]]
[[Category:Completed resources]]</text>
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    <title>Spanish 1/Activities</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>2717829</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-02T17:18:53Z</timestamp>
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        <ip>71.245.120.27</ip>
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==Chapter ==
* '''bebe'''
*'''A mí también.''' - I do too....
*'''A mí tampoco.''' - I don't either / Me neither.
*'''No me gusta...''' - I don't like to do...
*'''No me gusta (para) nada...''' - I don't like to...at all.
*'''¿Qué te gusta hacer?''' - What do you like to do?
*'''¿Qué te gusta hacer más?''' - What do you like to do more?
*'''¿Te gusta...?''' - Do you like to...?
*'''¿Y a ti?''' _ And you?

===Other frequently used words===
*'''ni''' - neither, nor
*'''o''' - or
*'''y''' - and
*'''¡Bueno!''' - good 
*'''¡Bien!''' - well
*'''sí''' - yes
*'''no''' - no
*'''también''' - also, too
*'''tampoco''' - neither {''opposite of'' '''también'''}
*'''nunca''' - never
*'''a''' '''veces''' - sometimes
*'''siempre''' - always
*'''no... sino... -''' not... but rather... 
**'''No me gusta trabajar sino escuchar música.'''  I don't like to work but rather listen to music.

====Cultural note====
*Many schools in Latin America don't have a Physical Education class or sports teams, instead many students go to local gyms to join sports teams.

===Cognates/False Cognates===
Cognates are words that have a common etymological origin. False cognates look similar but actually have different meanings.
====Cognates====
*'''popular''' = popular
*'''usar''' = to use
*'''guitarra''' = guitar
*'''instrumento''' = instrument
*'''importante''' = important
*'''flamenco''' = flamenco
*'''tango''' = tango
*'''merengue''' = merengue
*'''salsa''' = salsa
*'''cumbia''' = cumbia
*'''famoso''' = famous
*'''famosa''' = famous
*'''no''' = no
*'''piano'''= piano

==== False Cognates====
*'''el pie = the foot'''
*'''actual = current'''

===Instrumentos===
*'''acordeón''' - accordion
*'''bajo''' - bass
*'''clarinete''' - clarinet
*'''claves''' - keys
*'''güiro''' - güiro
*'''maracas''' - maracas
*'''oboe''' - oboe
*'''saxofón''' - saxophone
*'''sintetizador''' - synthesizer
*'''tambor''' - drum
*'''trombón''' - trombone
*'''trompeta''' - trumpet
*'''tuba''' - tuba
*'''violín''' - violin
*'''platillos''' - cymbals

===Cultural Insight (Dances)===
Many famous dances have originated in Spanish-speaking countries. Below are lists of dances and their country of origin:

-Flamenco: Spain

-Tango: Argentina

-Merengue: Dominican Republic

-Salsa: Puerto Rico

-Cumbia: Colombia

===Country focus (Estados Unidos)===
[[Image:Flag of the United States.svg|150px|right]]
The '''United States of America''' (Spanish: Estados Unidos), usually referred to as the United States, the U.S. or America, is a constitutional federal republic comprising fifty states and a federal district, as well as several territories, or insular areas, scattered around the Caribbean and Pacific. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait, and the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific.
[[Image:LocationUSA.png|200px|right]]

At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with more than 300 million people, the United States is the fourth largest country by total area, and third largest by population. The United States is one of the world's most ethnically diverse nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the largest national economy in the world, with a nominal 2006 gross domestic product (GDP) of more than US$13 trillion (over 25% of the world total based on nominal GDP and almost 20% by purchasing power parity).

[[Image:SF From Marin Highlands3.jpg|150px|thumb|San Francisco was founded as a Spanish mission, but today is a major city home to over 830,000 people.]]
The nation was founded by thirteen colonies of Great Britain located along the Atlantic seaboard. Proclaiming themselves &quot;states,&quot; they issued the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The rebellious states defeated Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, the first successful colonial war of independence. A federal convention adopted the current United States Constitution on September 17, 1787; its ratification the following year made the states part of a single republic. The Bill of Rights, comprising ten constitutional amendments, was ratified in 1791.

[[Image:Castillo de San Marcos Fort Panorama 1.jpg|left|thumb|170px|Castillo de San Marcos, a fort in St.Augustine, Florida, the oldest European settlement in the USA.]]

In the nineteenth century, the United States acquired land from France, Spain, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Russia, and annexed the Republic of Texas and the Republic of Hawaii. Disputes between the agrarian South and industrial North over states' rights and the expansion of the institution of slavery provoked the American Civil War of the 1860s. The North's victory prevented a permanent split of the country and led to the end of slavery in the United States. The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the nation's status as a military power. In 1945, the United States emerged from World War II as the first country with nuclear weapons, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, and a founding member of NATO. In the post–Cold War era, the United States is the only remaining superpower—accounting for approximately 50% of global military spending—and a dominant economic, political, and cultural force in the world. The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values.

[[Image:LosAngelesSmog.jpg|thumb|200px|Los Angeles, formely a Spanish pueblo, is today a major city home to 4.1 million people and is a major world center in tourism and culture.]]
'''Factbox''':

*Official languages: none (English is the ''de facto'' language)

*Other Languages: Spanish, French, German, Cantonese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, Mandarin, Italian, Korean, 327 other languages

*Capital: Washington D.C.

*Government: Democratic Republic

*Area: 9,629,091 sq km (3,794,066 sq mi) (4th)

*Population: 310,101,000 (July 2010) (3rd)

*Religion: Christianity 78.5% (Protestant 51.3%, Catholic 23.9%, Mormon 1.7%, other Christian 1.6%), Non-religious 15%, Judaism 2.1%, Buddhism 2%, Islam 1%, Hinduism 0.4%, other 1% (mostly Unitarian Universalism, traditonal beliefs, Sikhism, Jainism, Confucianism, Taoism, etc.)

*Human Development: 0.956 (VERY HIGH, 13th)

*Independence: July 4, 1776

*Currency: United States Dollar

[[Category:Spanish One]]</text>
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        <username>MathXplore</username>
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      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/71.245.120.27|71.245.120.27]] ([[User_talk:71.245.120.27|talk]]) to last version by [[User:207.180.133.226|207.180.133.226]] using [[Wikiversity:Rollback|rollback]]</comment>
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==Chapter 2 ==
===Activities===

* '''comer''' - to eat
* '''beber''' - to drink

*'''bailar''' - to dance
*'''cantar''' - to sing

*'''correr''' - to run
*'''escribir cuentos''' - to write stories
*'''escuchar música''' - to listen to music
*'''estudiar''' - to study
*'''esquiar''' - to ski
*'''hablar por teléfono''' - to talk on the phone
*'''ir a la escuela''' - to go to school
*'''hacer la tarea''' - to do homework
*'''jugar videojuegos''' - to play videogames
*'''leer revistas''' - to read magazines
*'''montar en bicicleta''' - to ride a bicycle
*'''montar en monopatín / patineta''' - to skateboard
*'''nadar''' - to swim
*'''pasar tiempo con amigos / amistades''' - to spend time with friends
*'''patinar''' - to skate
*'''jugar deportes''' - to play sports
*'''tocar la guitarra''' - to play the guitar
*'''trabajar''' - to work
*'''usar la computadora''' - to use the computer
*'''mirar la televisión/ver la tele''' - to watch television

===Words to describe something you like or dislike===
*'''A mí''' - (Used for emphasis when talking about what you like.)
*'''A mí no''' - (Used for emphasis when talking about what you dislike.) 
*'''Me gusta...''' - I like to...
*'''Me gusta más...''' - I like to...better.
*'''Me gusta mucho...''' I like to...a lot.
*'''Me gusta poco'''... I like to... very little.
*'''A mí también.''' - I do too....
*'''A mí tampoco.''' - I don't either / Me neither.
*'''No me gusta...''' - I don't like to do...
*'''No me gusta (para) nada...''' - I don't like to...at all.
*'''¿Qué te gusta hacer?''' - What do you like to do?
*'''¿Qué te gusta hacer más?''' - What do you like to do more?
*'''¿Te gusta...?''' - Do you like to...?
*'''¿Y a ti?''' _ And you?

===Other frequently used words===
*'''ni''' - neither, nor
*'''o''' - or
*'''y''' - and
*'''¡Bueno!''' - good 
*'''¡Bien!''' - well
*'''sí''' - yes
*'''no''' - no
*'''también''' - also, too
*'''tampoco''' - neither {''opposite of'' '''también'''}
*'''nunca''' - never
*'''a''' '''veces''' - sometimes
*'''siempre''' - always
*'''no... sino... -''' not... but rather... 
**'''No me gusta trabajar sino escuchar música.'''  I don't like to work but rather listen to music.

====Cultural note====
*Many schools in Latin America don't have a Physical Education class or sports teams, instead many students go to local gyms to join sports teams.

===Cognates/False Cognates===
Cognates are words that have a common etymological origin. False cognates look similar but actually have different meanings.
====Cognates====
*'''popular''' = popular
*'''usar''' = to use
*'''guitarra''' = guitar
*'''instrumento''' = instrument
*'''importante''' = important
*'''flamenco''' = flamenco
*'''tango''' = tango
*'''merengue''' = merengue
*'''salsa''' = salsa
*'''cumbia''' = cumbia
*'''famoso''' = famous
*'''famosa''' = famous
*'''no''' = no
*'''piano'''= piano

==== False Cognates====
*'''el pie = the foot'''
*'''actual = current'''

===Instrumentos===
*'''acordeón''' - accordion
*'''bajo''' - bass
*'''clarinete''' - clarinet
*'''claves''' - keys
*'''güiro''' - güiro
*'''maracas''' - maracas
*'''oboe''' - oboe
*'''saxofón''' - saxophone
*'''sintetizador''' - synthesizer
*'''tambor''' - drum
*'''trombón''' - trombone
*'''trompeta''' - trumpet
*'''tuba''' - tuba
*'''violín''' - violin
*'''platillos''' - cymbals

===Cultural Insight (Dances)===
Many famous dances have originated in Spanish-speaking countries. Below are lists of dances and their country of origin:

-Flamenco: Spain

-Tango: Argentina

-Merengue: Dominican Republic

-Salsa: Puerto Rico

-Cumbia: Colombia

===Country focus (Estados Unidos)===
[[Image:Flag of the United States.svg|150px|right]]
The '''United States of America''' (Spanish: Estados Unidos), usually referred to as the United States, the U.S. or America, is a constitutional federal republic comprising fifty states and a federal district, as well as several territories, or insular areas, scattered around the Caribbean and Pacific. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait, and the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific.
[[Image:LocationUSA.png|200px|right]]

At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with more than 300 million people, the United States is the fourth largest country by total area, and third largest by population. The United States is one of the world's most ethnically diverse nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the largest national economy in the world, with a nominal 2006 gross domestic product (GDP) of more than US$13 trillion (over 25% of the world total based on nominal GDP and almost 20% by purchasing power parity).

[[Image:SF From Marin Highlands3.jpg|150px|thumb|San Francisco was founded as a Spanish mission, but today is a major city home to over 830,000 people.]]
The nation was founded by thirteen colonies of Great Britain located along the Atlantic seaboard. Proclaiming themselves &quot;states,&quot; they issued the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The rebellious states defeated Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, the first successful colonial war of independence. A federal convention adopted the current United States Constitution on September 17, 1787; its ratification the following year made the states part of a single republic. The Bill of Rights, comprising ten constitutional amendments, was ratified in 1791.

[[Image:Castillo de San Marcos Fort Panorama 1.jpg|left|thumb|170px|Castillo de San Marcos, a fort in St.Augustine, Florida, the oldest European settlement in the USA.]]

In the nineteenth century, the United States acquired land from France, Spain, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Russia, and annexed the Republic of Texas and the Republic of Hawaii. Disputes between the agrarian South and industrial North over states' rights and the expansion of the institution of slavery provoked the American Civil War of the 1860s. The North's victory prevented a permanent split of the country and led to the end of slavery in the United States. The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the nation's status as a military power. In 1945, the United States emerged from World War II as the first country with nuclear weapons, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, and a founding member of NATO. In the post–Cold War era, the United States is the only remaining superpower—accounting for approximately 50% of global military spending—and a dominant economic, political, and cultural force in the world. The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values.

[[Image:LosAngelesSmog.jpg|thumb|200px|Los Angeles, formely a Spanish pueblo, is today a major city home to 4.1 million people and is a major world center in tourism and culture.]]
'''Factbox''':

*Official languages: none (English is the ''de facto'' language)

*Other Languages: Spanish, French, German, Cantonese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, Mandarin, Italian, Korean, 327 other languages

*Capital: Washington D.C.

*Government: Democratic Republic

*Area: 9,629,091 sq km (3,794,066 sq mi) (4th)

*Population: 310,101,000 (July 2010) (3rd)

*Religion: Christianity 78.5% (Protestant 51.3%, Catholic 23.9%, Mormon 1.7%, other Christian 1.6%), Non-religious 15%, Judaism 2.1%, Buddhism 2%, Islam 1%, Hinduism 0.4%, other 1% (mostly Unitarian Universalism, traditonal beliefs, Sikhism, Jainism, Confucianism, Taoism, etc.)

*Human Development: 0.956 (VERY HIGH, 13th)

*Independence: July 4, 1776

*Currency: United States Dollar

[[Category:Spanish One]]</text>
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      <comment>Cabayi moved page [[User:A F K When Needed]] to [[User:Sardonism]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/A F K When Needed|A F K When Needed]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sardonism|Sardonism]]&quot;</comment>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Cabayi</username>
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      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Cabayi moved page [[User talk:A F K When Needed]] to [[User talk:Sardonism]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/A F K When Needed|A F K When Needed]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sardonism|Sardonism]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="2511" sha1="kym3uupp7pe9838xaid9vs0w7c4jjcj" xml:space="preserve">{{Robelbox|theme=9|title=Welcome!|width=100%}}
&lt;div style=&quot;{{Robelbox/pad}}&quot;&gt;
'''Hello A F K When Needed, and [[Wikiversity:Welcome|welcome]] to [[Wikiversity:What is Wikiversity?|Wikiversity]]!''' If you need [[Help:Contents|help]], feel free to visit my talk page, or [[Wikiversity:Contact|contact us]] and [[Wikiversity:Questions|ask questions]]. After you leave a comment on a [[Wikiversity:Talk page|talk page]], remember to [[Wikiversity:Signature|sign and date]]; it helps everyone follow the threads of the discussion. The signature icon [[Image:Signature_icon.png]] in the edit window makes it simple. To [[Wikiversity:Introduction|get started]], you may
&lt;!-- The Left column --&gt;
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* [[Help:guides|Take a guided tour]] and learn [[Help:Editing|to edit]].
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* [[Wikiversity:Browse|Browse]] Wikiversity, or visit a portal corresponding to your educational level: [[Portal: Pre-school Education|pre-school]], [[Portal: Primary Education|primary]], [[Portal:Secondary Education|secondary]], [[Portal:Tertiary Education|tertiary]], [[Portal:Non-formal Education|non-formal education]].
* Find out about [[Wikiversity:Research|research]] activities on Wikiversity.
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&lt;div style=&quot;width:50.0%; float:left&quot;&gt;
* Read an [[Wikiversity:Wikiversity teachers|introduction for teachers]] and find out [[Help:How to write an educational resource|how to write an educational resource]] for Wikiversity.
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&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;br clear=&quot;both&quot;/&gt;

And don't forget to [[Wikiversity:Introduction explore|explore]] Wikiversity with the links to your left. [[Wikiversity:Be bold|Be bold]] to contribute and to experiment with the [[wikiversity:sandbox|sandbox]] or [[special:mypage|your userpage]], and see you around Wikiversity! If you're a [[twitter]] user, please follow http://twitter.com/Wikiversity. --[[User:Ottava Rima|Ottava Rima]] ([[User talk:Ottava Rima|talk]])  18:52, 27 May 2010 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
{{Robelbox/close}}
:Thanks, but I've ~15,000 edits to my name on various Wikis.
:I take it you're &quot;Ottava&quot; from the English Wikipedia IRC Channel? :-) [[User:A F K When Needed|A F K When Needed]] 13:09, 28 May 2010 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Digital Marketing</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yroc247</username>
        <id>3003047</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Search Engine Optimization (SEO) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="5541" sha1="hor7q5ca35t9t7rmrxrbppg2urywe1x" xml:space="preserve">==Definition==
Online marketing is an extension to direct marketing and define it thus: [[wikipedia:Online_advertising|online marketing]] entails interaction with known customers and others in the marketing channel, on a one-to-one basis, often in real-time, to maintain value-laden relationships and to generate a measurable response and/or transaction using electronic network tools and technologies. &lt;ref&gt;Kotler, P., Brown, L., Adam, S., Burton, S., Armstrong G., (2007),''Marketing 7th edition'', Pearson Education Australia, New South Wales.&lt;/ref&gt; In the era of information technologies, digital marketing become widely accepted as a major tool used by many businesses to handle customers relationship.    

==Digital Marketing Strategy==

Digital marketing strategy consists of the steps taken and procedures followed for marketing a brand through the web. The center of attraction in any e-marketing strategy is the website of the company to which Internet users are to be attracted for increasing sales. But firstly, the company's website needs to be in a proper design, format, attractive, and one that will have a good impression on prospective buyers. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.buzzle.com/articles/e-marketing-strategy.html&lt;/ref&gt; Some components of the digital marketing strategies are: [[#Search Engine Optimization|Search Engine Optimization (SEO)]]; [[#Email Marketing| Email Marketing]]; [[#Online Advertising|Online Advertising]];[[#Online Newsletters|Online Newsletters]] [[#Media News Rooms|Media News Rooms]]. If You Want To Learn More  About Digital Marketing Choosing A [https://digiperform.com/digital-marketing-course-delhi/ Digital Marketing Course] Will Be A Smart Move.  

==Search Engine Marketing (SEM)==
Search Marketing, also known as &quot;[[wikipedia:Search_engine_marketing|Search Engine Marketing]]&quot; or &quot;[[wikipedia:Search_engine_marketing|SEM]]&quot; is an umbrella term that includes both [[wikipedia:Search_engine_optimization|organic (SEO)]] and [[wikipedia:Pay-per-click|paid (PPC)]] marketing strategies.

===Search Engine Optimization (SEO)===
Search engine optimization (SEO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://yrocconsulting.com/what-is-search-engine-optimization-seo/|title=What is Search Engine Optimization (SEO) {{!}} Yroc Consulting|website=www.yrocconsulting.com|access-date=2025-03-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; is the process of affecting the online visibility of a website or a web page in a search engine's unpaid results—often referred to as &quot;natural,&quot; &quot;organic,&quot; or &quot;earned&quot; results. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, video search, academic search, news search and industry-specific vertical search engines. The various strategies used for SEO are collectively known as organic optimization. As an Internet marketing method, SEO considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines and which search engines are favored by their targeted audience. One of the most effective tactics for improving an organization's SEO is through blogging and other &quot;content marketing&quot; efforts whose purpose is to attract visitors to a company controlled property and increase awareness.

===Pay Per Click Advertising (PPC or CPC)===
[[wikipedia:Pay-per-click|Pay per click]] (PPC), also called cost per click (CPC), is an internet advertising model used to direct traffic to websites, in which advertisers pay the publisher (typically a website owner) when the ad is clicked.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay_per_click&lt;/ref&gt;

==Display Advertising==
Display advertising is an ever growing market consisting primarily of banner advertising. The entire market of the display has hit a stride ever since Facebook started allowing ads on the site, and the entire market is estimated to earn $25.27 billion dollars in 2012 and $34.4 billion dollars in 2013.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.techjournalsouth.com/2012/02/online-display-advertising-growing-rapidly-to-reach-25-2b-this-year/&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Social Media Marketing (SMM)==
Social media marketing involves efforts to engage with customers or potential customers via social networks (e.g., [[wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]], [[wikipedia:Twitter|Twitter]], [[wikipedia:Instagram|Instagram]], [[wikipedia:LinkedIn|LinkedIn]] etc.) for the purpose of expanding awareness, increasing engagement, or providing customer service.

==Email Marketing==
Email marketing is one to many direct communication to email subscribers, also known as an Opt-in list. Utilizing email marketing is an important ingredient required for building effective digital marketing strategies. Email marketing communication requires the sender to write a clear and concise message containing text, graphics, and links to useful resources.

==Online Newsletters==
Online newsletters typically fall into the category of email marketing, but can also be hosted on a website as a monthly, weekly, or bi-weekly newsletter. They are digitally stored reports that share news and other items pertaining to a particular field of study or a group of people. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/newsletter&lt;/ref&gt;

==Video Marketing &amp; Advertising==
Video Marketing &amp; Advertising envelops online presentation notices that encapsulate video, however it is commonly acknowledged that it alludes to promoting that happens previously, during or potentially after a video stream on the web.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.incrementors.com/blog/video-marketing-truth-answers/&lt;/ref&gt;
==Media News Rooms==

==Note==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;
[[Category:Marketing]]</text>
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      <comment>I have added additional information about digital markteting</comment>
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      <text bytes="5650" sha1="iyfncd0d5tx4dh0g65bpnki2ayhtpw1" xml:space="preserve">==Definition==
Online marketing is an extension to direct marketing and define it thus: [[wikipedia:Online_advertising|online marketing]] entails interaction with known customers and others in the marketing channel, on a one-to-one basis, often in real-time, to maintain value-laden relationships and to generate a measurable response and/or transaction using electronic network tools and technologies. &lt;ref&gt;Kotler, P., Brown, L., Adam, S., Burton, S., Armstrong G., (2007),''Marketing 7th edition'', Pearson Education Australia, New South Wales.&lt;/ref&gt; In the era of information technologies, digital marketing become widely accepted as a major tool used by many businesses to handle customers relationship.    

==Digital Marketing Strategy==

Digital marketing strategy consists of the steps taken and procedures followed for marketing a brand through the web. The center of attraction in any e-marketing strategy is the website of the company to which Internet users are to be attracted for increasing sales. But firstly, the company's website needs to be in a proper design, format, attractive, and one that will have a good impression on prospective buyers. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.buzzle.com/articles/e-marketing-strategy.html&lt;/ref&gt; Some components of the digital marketing strategies are: [[#Search Engine Optimization|Search Engine Optimization (SEO)]]; [[#Email Marketing| Email Marketing]]; [[#Online Advertising|Online Advertising]];[[#Online Newsletters|Online Newsletters]] [[#Media News Rooms|Media News Rooms]]. If You Want To Learn More  About Digital Marketing Choosing A [https://digiperform.com/digital-marketing-course-delhi/ Digital Marketing Course] Will Be A Smart Move.  

==Search Engine Marketing (SEM)==
Search Marketing, also known as &quot;[[wikipedia:Search_engine_marketing|Search Engine Marketing]]&quot; or &quot;[[wikipedia:Search_engine_marketing|SEM]]&quot; is an umbrella term that includes both [[wikipedia:Search_engine_optimization|organic (SEO)]] and [[wikipedia:Pay-per-click|paid (PPC)]] marketing strategies.

===Search Engine Optimization (SEO)===
Search engine optimization (SEO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://yrocconsulting.com/what-is-search-engine-optimization-seo/|title=What is Search Engine Optimization (SEO) {{!}} Yroc Consulting|website=www.yrocconsulting.com|access-date=2025-03-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; is the process of affecting the online visibility of a website or a web page in a search engine's unpaid results—often referred to as &quot;natural,&quot; &quot;organic,&quot; or &quot;earned&quot; results. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, video search, academic search, news search and industry-specific vertical search engines. The various strategies used for SEO are collectively known as organic optimization. As an Internet marketing method, SEO considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines and which search engines are favored by their targeted audience. One of the most effective tactics for improving an organization's SEO is through blogging and other &quot;content marketing&quot; efforts whose purpose is to attract visitors to a company controlled property and increase awareness.

===Pay Per Click Advertising (PPC or CPC)===
[[wikipedia:Pay-per-click|Pay per click]] (PPC), also called cost per click (CPC), is an internet advertising model used to direct traffic to websites, in which advertisers pay the publisher (typically a website owner) when the ad is clicked.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay_per_click&lt;/ref&gt;

==Display Advertising==
Display advertising is an ever growing market consisting primarily of banner advertising. The entire market of the display has hit a stride ever since Facebook started allowing ads on the site, and the entire market is estimated to earn $25.27 billion dollars in 2012 and $34.4 billion dollars in 2013.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.techjournalsouth.com/2012/02/online-display-advertising-growing-rapidly-to-reach-25-2b-this-year/&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Social Media Marketing (SMM)==
Social media marketing involves efforts to engage with customers or potential customers via social networks (e.g., [[wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]], [[wikipedia:Twitter|Twitter]], [[wikipedia:Instagram|Instagram]], [[wikipedia:LinkedIn|LinkedIn]] etc.) for the purpose of expanding awareness, increasing engagement, or providing customer service.

==Email Marketing==
Email marketing is one to many direct communication to email subscribers, also known as an Opt-in list. Utilizing email marketing is an important ingredient required for building effective digital marketing strategies. Email marketing communication requires the sender to write a clear and concise message containing text, graphics, and links to useful resources.

==Online Newsletters==
Online newsletters typically fall into the category of email marketing, but can also be hosted on a website as a monthly, weekly, or bi-weekly newsletter. They are digitally stored reports that share news and other items pertaining to a particular field of study or a group of people. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/newsletter&lt;/ref&gt;

==Video Marketing &amp; Advertising==
Video Marketing &amp; Advertising envelops online presentation notices that encapsulate video, however it is commonly acknowledged that it alludes to promoting that happens previously, during or potentially after a video stream on the web.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.incrementors.com/blog/video-marketing-truth-answers/&lt;/ref&gt;
==Media News Rooms==

==Note==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;'''See Also'''

[https://peptechdigital.com/dm-executive-course-mumbai/ Digital marketing by PEPtech Digital]
[[Category:Marketing]]</text>
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      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contribs/2402:E280:3D52:595:D41B:5103:159D:70ED|2402:E280:3D52:595:D41B:5103:159D:70ED]] ([[User talk:2402:E280:3D52:595:D41B:5103:159D:70ED|talk]]) to last version by Yroc247: unnecessary links or spam</comment>
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      <text bytes="5541" sha1="hor7q5ca35t9t7rmrxrbppg2urywe1x" xml:space="preserve">==Definition==
Online marketing is an extension to direct marketing and define it thus: [[wikipedia:Online_advertising|online marketing]] entails interaction with known customers and others in the marketing channel, on a one-to-one basis, often in real-time, to maintain value-laden relationships and to generate a measurable response and/or transaction using electronic network tools and technologies. &lt;ref&gt;Kotler, P., Brown, L., Adam, S., Burton, S., Armstrong G., (2007),''Marketing 7th edition'', Pearson Education Australia, New South Wales.&lt;/ref&gt; In the era of information technologies, digital marketing become widely accepted as a major tool used by many businesses to handle customers relationship.    

==Digital Marketing Strategy==

Digital marketing strategy consists of the steps taken and procedures followed for marketing a brand through the web. The center of attraction in any e-marketing strategy is the website of the company to which Internet users are to be attracted for increasing sales. But firstly, the company's website needs to be in a proper design, format, attractive, and one that will have a good impression on prospective buyers. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.buzzle.com/articles/e-marketing-strategy.html&lt;/ref&gt; Some components of the digital marketing strategies are: [[#Search Engine Optimization|Search Engine Optimization (SEO)]]; [[#Email Marketing| Email Marketing]]; [[#Online Advertising|Online Advertising]];[[#Online Newsletters|Online Newsletters]] [[#Media News Rooms|Media News Rooms]]. If You Want To Learn More  About Digital Marketing Choosing A [https://digiperform.com/digital-marketing-course-delhi/ Digital Marketing Course] Will Be A Smart Move.  

==Search Engine Marketing (SEM)==
Search Marketing, also known as &quot;[[wikipedia:Search_engine_marketing|Search Engine Marketing]]&quot; or &quot;[[wikipedia:Search_engine_marketing|SEM]]&quot; is an umbrella term that includes both [[wikipedia:Search_engine_optimization|organic (SEO)]] and [[wikipedia:Pay-per-click|paid (PPC)]] marketing strategies.

===Search Engine Optimization (SEO)===
Search engine optimization (SEO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://yrocconsulting.com/what-is-search-engine-optimization-seo/|title=What is Search Engine Optimization (SEO) {{!}} Yroc Consulting|website=www.yrocconsulting.com|access-date=2025-03-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; is the process of affecting the online visibility of a website or a web page in a search engine's unpaid results—often referred to as &quot;natural,&quot; &quot;organic,&quot; or &quot;earned&quot; results. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, video search, academic search, news search and industry-specific vertical search engines. The various strategies used for SEO are collectively known as organic optimization. As an Internet marketing method, SEO considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines and which search engines are favored by their targeted audience. One of the most effective tactics for improving an organization's SEO is through blogging and other &quot;content marketing&quot; efforts whose purpose is to attract visitors to a company controlled property and increase awareness.

===Pay Per Click Advertising (PPC or CPC)===
[[wikipedia:Pay-per-click|Pay per click]] (PPC), also called cost per click (CPC), is an internet advertising model used to direct traffic to websites, in which advertisers pay the publisher (typically a website owner) when the ad is clicked.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay_per_click&lt;/ref&gt;

==Display Advertising==
Display advertising is an ever growing market consisting primarily of banner advertising. The entire market of the display has hit a stride ever since Facebook started allowing ads on the site, and the entire market is estimated to earn $25.27 billion dollars in 2012 and $34.4 billion dollars in 2013.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.techjournalsouth.com/2012/02/online-display-advertising-growing-rapidly-to-reach-25-2b-this-year/&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Social Media Marketing (SMM)==
Social media marketing involves efforts to engage with customers or potential customers via social networks (e.g., [[wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]], [[wikipedia:Twitter|Twitter]], [[wikipedia:Instagram|Instagram]], [[wikipedia:LinkedIn|LinkedIn]] etc.) for the purpose of expanding awareness, increasing engagement, or providing customer service.

==Email Marketing==
Email marketing is one to many direct communication to email subscribers, also known as an Opt-in list. Utilizing email marketing is an important ingredient required for building effective digital marketing strategies. Email marketing communication requires the sender to write a clear and concise message containing text, graphics, and links to useful resources.

==Online Newsletters==
Online newsletters typically fall into the category of email marketing, but can also be hosted on a website as a monthly, weekly, or bi-weekly newsletter. They are digitally stored reports that share news and other items pertaining to a particular field of study or a group of people. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.thefreedictionary.com/newsletter&lt;/ref&gt;

==Video Marketing &amp; Advertising==
Video Marketing &amp; Advertising envelops online presentation notices that encapsulate video, however it is commonly acknowledged that it alludes to promoting that happens previously, during or potentially after a video stream on the web.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.incrementors.com/blog/video-marketing-truth-answers/&lt;/ref&gt;
==Media News Rooms==

==Note==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;
[[Category:Marketing]]</text>
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Ping is a command used to test the accessibility of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network using [[Internet Control Message Protocol]] and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination host.  These activities will show you how to use the ping command. A computer in order to answer to ping request has to be available and configured to answer to ping/[[ICMP]] request.

== Readings ==
* [[w:Ping_(networking_utility) | Wikipedia: Ping (networking utility)]]

== Activities ==
* [[/Host | Ping a Host (Windows)]]
* Ping an IP in Linux using [[ping (command)]]: &lt;code&gt;ping 8.8.8.8&lt;/code&gt;
* [[/Length | Ping Length]]
* [[/MTU | Ping Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)]]
* [[/Performance_test | Ping Performance Test]]
* [[/Sweep | Ping Sweep]]
* [[/TTL | Ping Time To Live]]
* [[/Disable Ping Response in Linux/|Enable or disable Ping Response in Linux]]
* Enable or Disable Ping response in Windows: https://bitsanddragons.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/windows-10-enable-ping-and-ad-login/

== See also ==
* [[Check TCP connectivity]] using [[Nmap|nping]]
* [[arping]]
* [[fping]]
* &lt;code&gt;Test-Connection&lt;/code&gt; [[Powershell]] cmdlet
* [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
* [[Linux server administration/Performance and Troubleshooting]]

Sai.net</text>
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Ping is a command used to test the accessibility of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network using [[Internet Control Message Protocol]] and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination host.  These activities will show you how to use the ping command. A computer in order to answer to ping request has to be available and configured to answer to ping/[[ICMP]] request.

== Readings ==
* [[w:Ping_(networking_utility) | Wikipedia: Ping (networking utility)]]
* Sai.net

== Activities ==
* [[/Host | Ping a Host (Windows)]]
* Ping an IP in Linux using [[ping (command)]]: &lt;code&gt;ping 8.8.8.8&lt;/code&gt;
* [[/Length | Ping Length]]
* [[/MTU | Ping Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)]]
* [[/Performance_test | Ping Performance Test]]
* [[/Sweep | Ping Sweep]]
* [[/TTL | Ping Time To Live]]
* [[/Disable Ping Response in Linux/|Enable or disable Ping Response in Linux]]
* Enable or Disable Ping response in Windows: https://bitsanddragons.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/windows-10-enable-ping-and-ad-login/

== See also ==
* [[Check TCP connectivity]] using [[Nmap|nping]]
* [[arping]]
* [[fping]]
* &lt;code&gt;Test-Connection&lt;/code&gt; [[Powershell]] cmdlet
* [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
* [[Linux server administration/Performance and Troubleshooting]]

Sai.net</text>
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      <text bytes="1324" sha1="7zlugn819jclgbc94qr9ehh1fdenaj7" xml:space="preserve">{{TOCright}}

Ping is a command used to test the accessibility of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network using [[Internet Control Message Protocol]] and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination host.  These activities will show you how to use the ping command. A computer in order to answer to ping request has to be available and configured to answer to ping/[[ICMP]] request.

== Readings ==
* [[w:Ping_(networking_utility) | Wikipedia: Ping (networking utility)]]
* Sai.net

== Activities ==
* [[/Host | Ping a Host (Windows)]]
* Ping an IP in Linux using [[ping (command)]]: &lt;code&gt;ping 8.8.8.8&lt;/code&gt;
* [[/Length | Ping Length]]
* [[/MTU | Ping Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)]]
* [[/Performance_test | Ping Performance Test]]
* [[/Sweep | Ping Sweep]]
* [[/TTL | Ping Time To Live]]
* [[/Disable Ping Response in Linux/|Enable or disable Ping Response in Linux]]
* Enable or Disable Ping response in Windows: https://bitsanddragons.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/windows-10-enable-ping-and-ad-login/
* Sai.net

== See also ==
* [[Check TCP connectivity]] using [[Nmap|nping]]
* [[arping]]
* [[fping]]
* &lt;code&gt;Test-Connection&lt;/code&gt; [[Powershell]] cmdlet
* [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
* [[Linux server administration/Performance and Troubleshooting]]

Sai.net</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717887</id>
      <parentid>2717881</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:17:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>2888076</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370|2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370]] ([[User_talk:2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370|talk]]) to last version by [[User:AmandaNP|AmandaNP]] using [[Wikiversity:Rollback|rollback]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1454" sha1="2fn5okbmx8pziboloxjibbff975cniv" xml:space="preserve">{{TOCright}}

Ping is a command used to test the accessibility of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network using [[Internet Control Message Protocol]] and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination host.  These activities will show you how to use the ping command. A computer in order to answer to ping request has to be available and configured to answer to ping/[[ICMP]] request.

== Readings ==
* [[w:Ping_(networking_utility) | Wikipedia: Ping (networking utility)]]

== Activities ==
* [[/Host | Ping a Host (Windows)]]
* Ping an IP in Linux using [[ping (command)]]: &lt;code&gt;ping 8.8.8.8&lt;/code&gt;
* [[/Length | Ping Length]]
* [[/MTU | Ping Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)]]
* [[/Performance_test | Ping Performance Test]]
* [[/Sweep | Ping Sweep]]
* [[/TTL | Ping Time To Live]]
* [[/Disable Ping Response in Linux/|Enable or disable Ping Response in Linux]]
* Enable or Disable Ping response in Windows: https://bitsanddragons.wordpress.com/2018/02/19/windows-10-enable-ping-and-ad-login/

== See also ==
* [[Check TCP connectivity]] using [[Nmap|nping]]
* [[arping]]
* [[fping]]
* &lt;code&gt;Test-Connection&lt;/code&gt; [[Powershell]] cmdlet
* [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
* [[Linux server administration/Performance and Troubleshooting]]

== References ==
* [http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc940091.aspx Microsoft TechNet: Ping]

[[Category:Computer Networks]]
[[Category:Activities]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Understanding Arithmetic Circuits</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>139384</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717826</id>
      <parentid>2717800</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T12:58:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Young1lim</username>
        <id>21186</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Adder */</comment>
      <origin>2717826</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3044" sha1="9u9a19yv8l0a74sedmhdnt57wi3vytb" xml:space="preserve">
== Adder ==

* Binary Adder Architecture Exploration ( [[Media:Adder.20131113.pdf|pdf]]  )
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!  Adder type      !! Overview !! Analysis !! VHDL Level Design  !! CMOS Level Design  
|-
| '''1. Ripple Carry Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.RCA.20250522.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.rca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1D.RCA.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|-
| '''2. Carry Lookahead Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CLA.20250602.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.cla.20140313.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
| '''3. Carry Save Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSave.20151209.pdf|A]]||
|| ||
|-
|| '''4. Carry Select Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSelA.20191002.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''5. Carry Skip Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5A.CSkip.20250405.pdf|A]]||
|| 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5D.CSkip.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''6. Carry Chain Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6A.CCA.20211109.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6C.CCA.VHDL.20211109.pdf|pdf]],  [[Media:Adder.cca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6D.CCA.CMOS.20211109.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''7. Kogge-Stone Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.KSA.20140315.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.ksa.20140409.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
|| '''8. Prefix Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.PFA.20140314.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.1 Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.VBA.20221110.pdf|A]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1B.VBA.20230911.pdf|B]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20240622.pdf|C]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20250218.pdf|D]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.2 Multi-Level Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.VBA-Multi.20221031.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|}
&lt;/br&gt;
 
=== Adder Architectures Suitable for FPGA === 
* FPGA Carry-Chain Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.FPGA-CCA.20210421.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Select Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.B.FPGA-CarrySelect.20210522.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Variable Block Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.C.FPGA-VariableBlock.20220125.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Lookahead Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.D.FPGA-CLookahead.20210304.pdf|pdf]])
* Carry-Skip Adder
&lt;/br&gt;

== Barrel Shifter ==
* Barrel Shifter Architecture Exploration ([[Media:Bshift.20131105.pdf|bshfit.vhdl]], [[Media:Bshift.makefile.20131109.pdf|bshfit.makefile]])
&lt;/br&gt;

'''Mux Based Barrel Shifter'''
* Analysis  ([[Media:Arith.BShfiter.20151207.pdf|pdf]]) 
* Implementation 
&lt;/br&gt;

== Multiplier == 
=== Array Multipliers ===
* Analysis  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Mult.20151209.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Tree Mulltipliers ===
* Lattice Multiplication  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.LatticeMult.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Wallace Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.WallaceTree.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Dadda Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.DaddaTree.20170701.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Booth Multipliers ===
* [[Media:RNS4.BoothEncode.20161005.pdf|Booth Encoding Note]]
* Booth Multiplier Note ([[Media:BoothMult.20160929.pdf|H1.pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

== Divider == 
* Binary Divider ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Divider.20131217.pdf|pdf]])&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt; 
go to [ [[Electrical_%26_Computer_Engineering_Studies]] ]

[[Category:Digital Circuit Design]]
[[Category:FPGA]]</text>
      <sha1>9u9a19yv8l0a74sedmhdnt57wi3vytb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717850</id>
      <parentid>2717826</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T08:23:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Young1lim</username>
        <id>21186</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Adder */</comment>
      <origin>2717850</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3044" sha1="f14rvae73a740dldrzvcw54e6dlftjs" xml:space="preserve">
== Adder ==

* Binary Adder Architecture Exploration ( [[Media:Adder.20131113.pdf|pdf]]  )
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!  Adder type      !! Overview !! Analysis !! VHDL Level Design  !! CMOS Level Design  
|-
| '''1. Ripple Carry Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.RCA.20250522.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.rca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1D.RCA.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|-
| '''2. Carry Lookahead Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CLA.20250603.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.cla.20140313.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
| '''3. Carry Save Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSave.20151209.pdf|A]]||
|| ||
|-
|| '''4. Carry Select Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSelA.20191002.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''5. Carry Skip Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5A.CSkip.20250405.pdf|A]]||
|| 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5D.CSkip.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''6. Carry Chain Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6A.CCA.20211109.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6C.CCA.VHDL.20211109.pdf|pdf]],  [[Media:Adder.cca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6D.CCA.CMOS.20211109.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''7. Kogge-Stone Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.KSA.20140315.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.ksa.20140409.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
|| '''8. Prefix Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.PFA.20140314.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.1 Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.VBA.20221110.pdf|A]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1B.VBA.20230911.pdf|B]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20240622.pdf|C]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20250218.pdf|D]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.2 Multi-Level Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.VBA-Multi.20221031.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|}
&lt;/br&gt;
 
=== Adder Architectures Suitable for FPGA === 
* FPGA Carry-Chain Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.FPGA-CCA.20210421.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Select Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.B.FPGA-CarrySelect.20210522.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Variable Block Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.C.FPGA-VariableBlock.20220125.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Lookahead Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.D.FPGA-CLookahead.20210304.pdf|pdf]])
* Carry-Skip Adder
&lt;/br&gt;

== Barrel Shifter ==
* Barrel Shifter Architecture Exploration ([[Media:Bshift.20131105.pdf|bshfit.vhdl]], [[Media:Bshift.makefile.20131109.pdf|bshfit.makefile]])
&lt;/br&gt;

'''Mux Based Barrel Shifter'''
* Analysis  ([[Media:Arith.BShfiter.20151207.pdf|pdf]]) 
* Implementation 
&lt;/br&gt;

== Multiplier == 
=== Array Multipliers ===
* Analysis  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Mult.20151209.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Tree Mulltipliers ===
* Lattice Multiplication  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.LatticeMult.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Wallace Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.WallaceTree.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Dadda Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.DaddaTree.20170701.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Booth Multipliers ===
* [[Media:RNS4.BoothEncode.20161005.pdf|Booth Encoding Note]]
* Booth Multiplier Note ([[Media:BoothMult.20160929.pdf|H1.pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

== Divider == 
* Binary Divider ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Divider.20131217.pdf|pdf]])&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt; 
go to [ [[Electrical_%26_Computer_Engineering_Studies]] ]

[[Category:Digital Circuit Design]]
[[Category:FPGA]]</text>
      <sha1>f14rvae73a740dldrzvcw54e6dlftjs</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717884</id>
      <parentid>2717850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T11:26:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Young1lim</username>
        <id>21186</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Adder */</comment>
      <origin>2717884</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3044" sha1="isedbmn658iytekpjnqo8c4rldql1pe" xml:space="preserve">
== Adder ==

* Binary Adder Architecture Exploration ( [[Media:Adder.20131113.pdf|pdf]]  )
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!  Adder type      !! Overview !! Analysis !! VHDL Level Design  !! CMOS Level Design  
|-
| '''1. Ripple Carry Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.RCA.20250522.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.rca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1D.RCA.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|-
| '''2. Carry Lookahead Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CLA.20250605.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.cla.20140313.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
| '''3. Carry Save Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSave.20151209.pdf|A]]||
|| ||
|-
|| '''4. Carry Select Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSelA.20191002.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''5. Carry Skip Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5A.CSkip.20250405.pdf|A]]||
|| 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5D.CSkip.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''6. Carry Chain Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6A.CCA.20211109.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6C.CCA.VHDL.20211109.pdf|pdf]],  [[Media:Adder.cca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6D.CCA.CMOS.20211109.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''7. Kogge-Stone Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.KSA.20140315.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.ksa.20140409.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
|| '''8. Prefix Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.PFA.20140314.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.1 Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.VBA.20221110.pdf|A]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1B.VBA.20230911.pdf|B]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20240622.pdf|C]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20250218.pdf|D]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.2 Multi-Level Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.VBA-Multi.20221031.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|}
&lt;/br&gt;
 
=== Adder Architectures Suitable for FPGA === 
* FPGA Carry-Chain Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.FPGA-CCA.20210421.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Select Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.B.FPGA-CarrySelect.20210522.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Variable Block Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.C.FPGA-VariableBlock.20220125.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Lookahead Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.D.FPGA-CLookahead.20210304.pdf|pdf]])
* Carry-Skip Adder
&lt;/br&gt;

== Barrel Shifter ==
* Barrel Shifter Architecture Exploration ([[Media:Bshift.20131105.pdf|bshfit.vhdl]], [[Media:Bshift.makefile.20131109.pdf|bshfit.makefile]])
&lt;/br&gt;

'''Mux Based Barrel Shifter'''
* Analysis  ([[Media:Arith.BShfiter.20151207.pdf|pdf]]) 
* Implementation 
&lt;/br&gt;

== Multiplier == 
=== Array Multipliers ===
* Analysis  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Mult.20151209.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Tree Mulltipliers ===
* Lattice Multiplication  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.LatticeMult.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Wallace Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.WallaceTree.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Dadda Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.DaddaTree.20170701.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Booth Multipliers ===
* [[Media:RNS4.BoothEncode.20161005.pdf|Booth Encoding Note]]
* Booth Multiplier Note ([[Media:BoothMult.20160929.pdf|H1.pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

== Divider == 
* Binary Divider ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Divider.20131217.pdf|pdf]])&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt; 
go to [ [[Electrical_%26_Computer_Engineering_Studies]] ]

[[Category:Digital Circuit Design]]
[[Category:FPGA]]</text>
      <sha1>isedbmn658iytekpjnqo8c4rldql1pe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717907</id>
      <parentid>2717884</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-05T14:08:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Young1lim</username>
        <id>21186</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Adder */</comment>
      <origin>2717907</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3044" sha1="f0exp9pseziq2b6d1rgl4tyh0erip5q" xml:space="preserve">
== Adder ==

* Binary Adder Architecture Exploration ( [[Media:Adder.20131113.pdf|pdf]]  )
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!  Adder type      !! Overview !! Analysis !! VHDL Level Design  !! CMOS Level Design  
|-
| '''1. Ripple Carry Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.RCA.20250522.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.rca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1D.RCA.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|-
| '''2. Carry Lookahead Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CLA.20250606.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.cla.20140313.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
| '''3. Carry Save Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSave.20151209.pdf|A]]||
|| ||
|-
|| '''4. Carry Select Adder''' 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CSelA.20191002.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''5. Carry Skip Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5A.CSkip.20250405.pdf|A]]||
|| 
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.5D.CSkip.CMOS.20211108.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''6. Carry Chain Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6A.CCA.20211109.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6C.CCA.VHDL.20211109.pdf|pdf]],  [[Media:Adder.cca.20140313.pdf|pdf]]
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.6D.CCA.CMOS.20211109.pdf|pdf]]
|- 
|| '''7. Kogge-Stone Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.KSA.20140315.pdf|A]]||
|| [[Media:Adder.ksa.20140409.pdf|pdf]]||
|-
|| '''8. Prefix Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.PFA.20140314.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.1 Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1A.VBA.20221110.pdf|A]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1B.VBA.20230911.pdf|B]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20240622.pdf|C]], [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1C.VBA.20250218.pdf|D]]||
|| || 
|-
|| '''9.2 Multi-Level Variable Block Adder'''
|| [[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.VBA-Multi.20221031.pdf|A]]||
|| || 
|}
&lt;/br&gt;
 
=== Adder Architectures Suitable for FPGA === 
* FPGA Carry-Chain Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.FPGA-CCA.20210421.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Select Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.B.FPGA-CarrySelect.20210522.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Variable Block Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.C.FPGA-VariableBlock.20220125.pdf|pdf]])
* FPGA Carry Lookahead Adder ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.D.FPGA-CLookahead.20210304.pdf|pdf]])
* Carry-Skip Adder
&lt;/br&gt;

== Barrel Shifter ==
* Barrel Shifter Architecture Exploration ([[Media:Bshift.20131105.pdf|bshfit.vhdl]], [[Media:Bshift.makefile.20131109.pdf|bshfit.makefile]])
&lt;/br&gt;

'''Mux Based Barrel Shifter'''
* Analysis  ([[Media:Arith.BShfiter.20151207.pdf|pdf]]) 
* Implementation 
&lt;/br&gt;

== Multiplier == 
=== Array Multipliers ===
* Analysis  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Mult.20151209.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Tree Mulltipliers ===
* Lattice Multiplication  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.LatticeMult.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Wallace Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.WallaceTree.20170204.pdf|pdf]])
* Dadda Tree  ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.DaddaTree.20170701.pdf|pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

=== Booth Multipliers ===
* [[Media:RNS4.BoothEncode.20161005.pdf|Booth Encoding Note]]
* Booth Multiplier Note ([[Media:BoothMult.20160929.pdf|H1.pdf]])
&lt;/br&gt;

== Divider == 
* Binary Divider ([[Media:VLSI.Arith.1.A.Divider.20131217.pdf|pdf]])&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;/br&gt; 
go to [ [[Electrical_%26_Computer_Engineering_Studies]] ]

[[Category:Digital Circuit Design]]
[[Category:FPGA]]</text>
      <sha1>f0exp9pseziq2b6d1rgl4tyh0erip5q</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template talk:Opentask</title>
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    <id>143111</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717913</id>
      <parentid>1018354</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-06T07:31:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sikha Gana</username>
        <id>3003164</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Best modular kitchen designer in lucknow */ new section</comment>
      <origin>2717913</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2996" sha1="tvzm5dc8utpz40zzrm5tn784959k5mk" xml:space="preserve">How do I type in an article and have this program proofread it. There is so much information on here I am confused. --[[User:Gelomeli|Gelomeli]] ([[User talk:Gelomeli|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Gelomeli|contribs]]) 18:47, 23 March 2013 (UTC)

== Best modular kitchen designer in lucknow ==

'''Best Interior Designer in Lucknow – Artelex'''
If you're looking to transform your home into a space that truly reflects your style and personality, Artelex is the name you can trust. Known as one of the [https://artelex.in/interior-design/ best interior designers in Lucknow], Artelex has been redefining homes with a perfect balance of beauty, functionality, and modern elegance.
'''Why Choose Artelex for Interior Design in Lucknow?'''
1. Personalized Design Approach
Artelex believes that every home has its own story. Their team works closely with clients to understand their lifestyle, preferences, and vision before crafting custom design solutions that bring their dream space to life.
2. Expertise in Modular Interiors
From stylish modular kitchens to contemporary wardrobes, Artelex brings innovation and quality to every corner of your home. Their smart space-saving solutions ensure that your interiors look spacious, organized, and luxurious.
3. Experienced Design Team
With a skilled team of designers, architects, and project managers, Artelex ensures timely execution without compromising on quality. Whether it's a single room or a full house makeover, they manage everything from concept to completion.
4. Use of Premium Materials
Artelex uses high-quality materials and trusted brands to ensure durability and a premium finish in every project. You can expect a perfect blend of aesthetics and strength in all their designs.
5. Transparent Process &amp; Pricing
No hidden costs, no surprises. Artelex maintains full transparency throughout the process, providing you with a clear plan, timeline, and budget — making them a reliable choice for home interiors in Lucknow.
'''Services Offered by Artelex'''
Modular Kitchen Design
Bedroom Interior Design
Living Room Makeovers
Wardrobe and Storage Solutions
False Ceiling and Lighting Design
3D Visualizations and Turnkey Projects
'''Serving Areas in Lucknow'''
Artelex proudly serves customers across various locations in Lucknow including:
Indira Nagar
Hazratganj
Faizabad Road
Gomti Nagar
Aliganj and more
Whether you're renovating your home or setting up a new one, Artelex ensures your space becomes a perfect blend of comfort and style.
'''Final Thoughts
'''When it comes to interior design, you deserve nothing but the best — and Artelex delivers exactly that. Their commitment to creativity, craftsmanship, and customer satisfaction makes them a top choice for anyone looking for the best interior designer in Lucknow.
📍 Explore their work and get inspired: www.artelex.in [[User:Sikha Gana|Sikha Gana]] ([[User talk:Sikha Gana|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sikha Gana|contribs]]) 07:31, 6 June 2025 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>tvzm5dc8utpz40zzrm5tn784959k5mk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Newsletters/Tech News</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>162205</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717844</id>
      <parentid>2717449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T23:55:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>983498</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tech News: 2025-23 */ new section</comment>
      <origin>2717844</origin>
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      <text bytes="498804" sha1="5kcpjfq7m53zy03um4hijjdny1tmxmc" xml:space="preserve">{{Archive box|[[/2014/]] · [[/2015/]] · [[/2016/]] · [[/2017/]] · [[/2018/]] · [[/2019/]] · [[/2020/]] · [[/2021/]] · [[/2022/]]}}
__TOC__
{{Clear}}

== Tech News: 2023-02 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can use tags to filter edits in the recent changes feed or on your watchlist. You can now use tags to filter out edits you don't want to see. Previously you could only use tags to focus on the edits with those tags. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174349]
* [[Special:WhatLinksHere|Special:WhatLinksHere]] shows all pages that link to a specific page. There is now a [https://wlh.toolforge.org prototype] for how to sort those pages alphabetically. You can see the discussion in the [[phab:T4306|Phabricator ticket]].
* You can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thanks]] function on your watchlist and the user contribution page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T51541]
* A wiki page can be moved to give it a new name. You can now get a dropdown menu with common reasons when you move a page. This is so you don't have to write the explanation every time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T325257]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Matrix.org|Matrix]] is a chat tool. You can now use &lt;code&gt;matrix:&lt;/code&gt; to create Matrix links on wiki pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326021]
* You can filter out translations when you look at the recent changes on multilingual wikis. This didn't hide translation pages. You can now also hide subpages which are translation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T233493]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|Realtime preview for wikitext]] is a tool which lets editors preview the page when they edit wikitext. It will be enabled for all users of the 2010 wikitext editor. You will find it in the editor toolbar.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2023-01-10|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2023-01-12|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W02&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:07, 10 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24342971 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The URLs in &quot;{{int:last}}&quot; links on page history now contain &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;diff=prev&amp;oldid=[revision ID]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in place of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;diff=[revision ID]&amp;oldid=[revision ID]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is to fix a problem with links pointing to incorrect diffs when history was filtered by a tag. Some user scripts may break as a result of this change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243569]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|changes to the appearance of talk pages]] have only been available on &lt;code&gt;{{ns:1}}:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;{{ns:3}}:&lt;/code&gt; namespaces.  These will be extended to other talk namespaces, such as &lt;code&gt;{{ns:5}}:&lt;/code&gt;.  They will continue to be unavailable in non-talk namespaces, including &lt;code&gt;{{ns:4}}:&lt;/code&gt; pages (e.g., at the Village Pump).  You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|change your preferences]] ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T325417]
*On Wikisources, when an image is zoomed or panned in the Page: namespace, the same zoom and pan settings will be remembered for all Page: namespace pages that are linked to a particular Index: namespace page. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/ProofreadPage/+/868841]
* The Vector 2022 skin will become the default for the English Wikipedia desktop users. The change will take place on January 18 at 15:00 UTC. [[:en:w:Wikipedia:Vector 2022|Learn more]].

'''Future changes'''
* The 2023 edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey]], which invites contributors to make technical proposals and vote for tools and improvements, starts next week on 23 January 2023 at 18:00 UTC. You can start drafting your proposals in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:10, 17 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24381020 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, for ~15 minutes, all wikis were unreachable for logged-in users and non-cached pages. This was caused by a timing issue. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-01-17_MediaWiki]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* If you have the Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|DiscussionTools]] enabled, the appearance of talk pages will add more information about discussion activity. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Usability#Status][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317907]
* The 2023 edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey]] (CWS), which invites contributors to make technical proposals and vote for tools and improvements, starts on Monday 23 January 2023 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496814 18:00 UTC]. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:46, 23 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24418874 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, for ~15 minutes, some users were unable to log in or edit pages. This was caused by a problem with session storage. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-01-24_sessionstore_quorum_issues]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Wikis that use localized numbering schemes for references need to add new CSS. This will help to show citation numbers the same way in all reading and editing modes. If your wiki would prefer to do it yourselves, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|details and example CSS to copy from]], and also add your wiki to the list. Otherwise, the developers will directly help out starting the week of February 5.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 31 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24455949 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022 skin]], logged-out users using the full-width toggle will be able to see the setting of their choice even after refreshing pages or opening new ones. This only applies to wikis where Vector 2022 is the default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321498]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Previously, we announced when some wikis would be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. These switches will not be announced any more, as the read-only time has become non-significant. Switches will continue to happen at 7AM UTC on Tuesdays and Thursdays. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T292543#8568433]
* Across all the wikis, in the Vector 2022 skin, logged-in users will see the page-related links such as &quot;What links here&quot; in a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/Page_tools|new side menu]]. It will be displayed on the other side of the screen. This change had previously been made on Czech, English, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328692]
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey 2023]] will stop receiving new proposals on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1675706431 Monday, 6 February 2023, at 18:00 UTC]. Proposers should complete any edits by then, to give time for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/Help_us|translations]] and review. Voting will begin on Friday, 10 February.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets and user scripts will be changing to load on desktop and mobile sites. Previously they would only load on the desktop site. It is recommended that wiki administrators audit the [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition|gadget definitions]] prior to this change, and add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins=…&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for any gadgets which should not load on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610 More details are available].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 10:21, 6 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24491749 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* On wikis where patrolled edits are enabled, changes made to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list|mentor list]] by autopatrolled mentors are not correctly marked as patrolled. It will be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328444]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The Reply tool and other parts of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Mobile|DiscussionTools]] will be deployed for all editors using the mobile site.  You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Mobile#Status_Updates|read more about this decision]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298060]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328287][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327920][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:48, 14 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24540832 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, during planned maintenance of Cloud Services, unforeseen complications forced the team to turn off all tools for 2–3 hours to prevent data corruption. Work is ongoing to prevent similar problems in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329535] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
*The voting phase for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey 2023]] ends on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677261621 24 February at 18:00 UTC]. The results of the survey will be announced on 28 February.

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328287][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327920][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:57, 21 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24570514 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, in some areas of the world, there were problems with loading pages for 20 minutes and saving edits for 55 minutes. These issues were caused by a problem with our caching servers due to unforseen events during a routine maintenance task. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-02-22_wiki_outage][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-02-22_read_only] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:47, 27 February 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Community Wishlist Survey 2023 edition has been concluded. Community Tech has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|published the results]] of the survey and will provide an update on what is next in April 2023.
* On wikis which use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Writing_systems|LanguageConverter]] to handle multiple writing systems, articles which used custom conversion rules in the wikitext (primarily on Chinese Wikipedia) would have these rules applied inconsistently in the table of contents, especially in the Vector 2022 skin. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306862]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* A search system has been added to the [[Special:Preferences|Preferences screen]]. This will let you find different options more easily. Making it work on mobile devices will happen soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313804]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:49, 6 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24676916 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-cbk_zamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cdowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cebwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ckbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-csbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304542][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304550] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:20, 13 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24700189 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, some users experienced issues loading image thumbnails. This was due to incorrectly cached images. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331820]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A link to the user's [[{{#special:CentralAuth}}]] page will appear on [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] — some user scripts which previously added this link may cause conflicts. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Admins and patrollers/Add link to CentralAuth on Special:Contributions|voted #17 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[{{#special:AbuseFilter}}]] edit window will be resizable and larger by default. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Make the AbuseFilter edit window resizable and larger by default|voted #80 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* There will be a new option for Administrators when they are unblocking a user, to add the unblocked user’s user page to their watchlist. This will work both via [[{{#special:Unblock}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257662]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1679677204 24 March at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Office Hours|details and how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:25, 21 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24732558 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] condition limit was increased from 1000 to 2000. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309609]
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter#Locally disabled actions|Some Global AbuseFilter]] actions will no longer apply to local projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332521]
* Desktop users are now able to subscribe to talk pages by clicking on the {{int:discussiontools-newtopicssubscription-button-subscribe-label}} link in the {{int:toolbox}} menu. If you subscribe to a talk page, you receive [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications|notifications]] when new topics are started on that talk page. This is separate from putting the page on your watchlist or subscribing to a single discussion. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263821]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You will be able to choose [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diffs]] on all [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Page history|history pages]] at the Wiktionaries and Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314588]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The legacy [[mw:Mobile Content Service|Mobile Content Service]] is going away in July 2023. Developers are encouraged to switch to Parsoid or another API before then to ensure service continuity. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/4MVQQTONJT7FJAXNVOFV3WWVVMCHRINE/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:13, 28 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24780854 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The system for automatically creating categories for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Babel|Babel]] extension has had several important changes and fixes. One of them allows you to insert templates for automatic category descriptions on creation, allowing you to categorize the new categories. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T211665][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T64714][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170654][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184941][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33074]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some older [[w:en:Web browser|Web browsers]] will stop being able to use [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] on Wikimedia wikis from this week. This mainly affects users of Internet Explorer 11. If you have an old web browser on your computer you can try to upgrade to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178356]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The deprecated &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.hoverIntent&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module has been removed. This module could be used by gadgets and user scripts, to create an artificial delay in how JavaScript responds to a hover event. Gadgets and user scripts should now use jQuery &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;hover()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;on()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Examples can be found in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Migration_guide_(users)#jquery.hoverIntent|migration guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311194]
* Some of the links in [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] will be re-arranged. There will be a clearer separation between links that relate to all users, and links related to your own user account. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333242]
* You will be able to hide the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|Reply button]] in archived discussion pages with a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__ARCHIVEDTALK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word.  There will also be a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.mw-archivedtalk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; CSS class for hiding the Reply button in individual sections on a page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T249293][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295553][https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/DiscussionTools/+/738221]

'''Future changes'''
* The Vega software that creates data visualizations in pages, such as graphs, will be upgraded to the newest version in the future. Graphs that still use the very old version 1.5 syntax may stop working properly. Most existing uses have been found and updated, but you can help to check, and to update any local documentation. [[phab:T260542|Examples of how to find and fix these graphs are available]]. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:39, 3 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24820268 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] In the visual editor, it is now possible to edit captions of images in galleries without opening the gallery dialog. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Editing/Editable gallery captions in Visual Editor|voted #61 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190224]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] You can now receive notifications when another user edits your user page. See the &quot;{{int:Echo-category-title-edit-user-page}}&quot; option in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo|your Preferences]]. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Notifications for user page edits|voted #3 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T3876]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with all types of CentralNotice banners still being shown to logged-in users even if they had [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-centralnotice-banners|turned off]] specific banner types. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331671]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-arywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dinwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-elwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-emlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-etwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-euwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-extwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tumwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ffwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiu_vrowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-furwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gcrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gotwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-guwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304551][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308133]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:05, 10 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24851886 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can now see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Show_nearby_articles|nearby articles on a Kartographer map]] with the button for the new feature &quot;{{int:Kartographer-sidebar-nearbybutton}}&quot;. Six wikis have been testing this feature since October. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Nearby_articles#Implementation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334079]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Special:GlobalWatchlist]] page now has links for &quot;{{int:globalwatchlist-markpageseen}}&quot; for each entry. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Button to mark a single change as read in the global watch list|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334246]

'''Problems'''
* At Wikimedia Commons, some thumbnails have not been getting replaced correctly after a new version of the image is uploaded. This should be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331138][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333042]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] For the last few weeks, some external tools had inconsistent problems with logging-in with OAuth. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332650]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:54, 18 April 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The date-selection menu on pages such as [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] will now show year-ranges that are in the current and past decade, instead of the current and future decade. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Change year range shown in date selection popup|voted #145 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334316]

'''Problems'''
* Due to security issues with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]], graphs have been disabled in all Wikimedia projects. Wikimedia Foundation teams are working to respond to these vulnerabilities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940]
* For a few days, it was not possible to save some kinds of edits on the mobile version of a wiki. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334797][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334799][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334794]

'''Changes later this week'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on April 26. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682517653 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The Editing team plans an A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|a usability analysis of the Talk page project]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|planned measurements are available]]. Your wiki [[phab:T332946|may be invited to participate]]. Please suggest improvements to the measurement plan at [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/Usability|the discussion page]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024|The Wikimedia Foundation annual plan 2023-2024 draft is open for comment and input]] until May 19. The final plan will be published in July 2023 on Meta-wiki.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:03, 24 April 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the French and Italian Wikipedias. More languages will be added in the near future. This is part of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend &quot;Who Wrote That?&quot; tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243711][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270490][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891]
* The [[:commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2commons]] tool has been updated. This fixed several bugs related to YouTube uploads. [https://github.com/toolforge/video2commons/pull/162/commits]
* The [[{{#special:Preferences}}]] page has been redesigned on mobile web. The new design makes it easier to browse the different categories and settings at low screen widths. You can also now access the page via a link in the Settings menu in the mobile web sidebar. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Content_moderation_on_mobile_web/Preferences]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:45, 2 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] When you close an image that is displayed via MediaViewer, it will now return to the wiki page instead of going back in your browser history. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Return to the article when closing the MediaViewer|voted #65 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T236591]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|SyntaxHighlight]] extension now supports &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wikitext&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; as a selected language. Old alternatives that were used to highlight wikitext, such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;html5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;moin&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;html+handlebars&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, can now be replaced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29828]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating pages with preloaded text|Preloading text to new pages/sections]] now supports preloading from localized MediaWiki interface messages. [https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Martin_Urbanec_(WMF)?action=edit&amp;section=new&amp;preload=MediaWiki:July Here is an example] at the {{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}} that uses &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;preload=MediaWiki:July&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330337]

'''Problems'''
* Graph Extension update: Foundation developers have completed upgrading the visualization software to Vega5. Existing community graphs based on Vega2 are no longer compatible. Communities need to update local graphs and templates, and shared lua modules like &lt;bdi lang=&quot;de&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[w:de:Modul:Graph]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. The [https://vega.github.io/vega/docs/porting-guide/ Vega Porting guide] provides the most comprehensive detail on migration from Vega2 and [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Graph:PageViews&amp;action=history here is an example migration]. Vega5 has currently just been enabled on mediawiki.org to provide a test environment for communities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940#8813922]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Until now, all new OAuth apps went through manual review. Starting this week, apps using identification-only or basic authorizations will not require review. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67750]

'''Future changes'''
* During the next year, MediaWiki will stop using IP addresses to identify logged-out users, and will start automatically assigning unique temporary usernames. Read more at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates|IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates]]. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#What should it look like?|join the discussion]] about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates#What will temporary usernames look like?|format of the temporary usernames]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332805]
* There will be an [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on 10 Wikipedias where the Vector 2022 skin is the default skin. Half of logged-in desktop users will see an interface where the different parts of the page are more clearly separated. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2023-05 Zebra9 A/B test|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333180][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335972]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] &lt;code&gt;jquery.tipsy&lt;/code&gt; will be removed from the MediaWiki core. This will affect some user scripts. Many lines with &lt;code&gt;.tipsy(&lt;/code&gt; can be commented out. &lt;code&gt;OO.ui.PopupWidget&lt;/code&gt; can be used to keep things working like they are now. You can [[phab:T336019|read more]] and [[:mw:Help:Locating broken scripts|read about how to find broken scripts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336019]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:36, 9 May 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24998636 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Citations that are automatically generated based on [[d:Q33057|ISBN]] are currently broken. This affects citations made with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]], and the use of the citoid API in gadgets and user scripts. Work is ongoing to restore this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-gorwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hakwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hifwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-htwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-igwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ilowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-inhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308134] 

'''Future changes'''
* There is a recently formed team at the Wikimedia Foundation which will be focusing on experimenting with new tools. Currently they are building [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI|a prototype ChatGPT plugin that allows information generated by ChatGPT to be properly attributed]] to the Wikimedia projects.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget and userscript developers should replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; library will be removed in ~1 month, and staff developers will run a script to replace any remaining uses at that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336018]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:45, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25011501 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The &quot;recent edits&quot; time period for page watchers is now 30 days. It used to be 180 days. This was a [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Change information about the number of watchers on a page|Community Wishlist Survey proposal]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336250]

'''Changes later this week'''
* An [[mw:special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Impact|improved impact module]] will be available at Wikipedias. The impact module is a feature available to newcomers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer homepage|at their personal homepage]]. It will show their number of edits, how many readers their edited pages have, how many thanks they have received and similar things. It is also accessible by accessing Special:Impact. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W21&quot;/&gt;

16:55, 22 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Citations can once again be added automatically from ISBNs, thanks to Zotero's ISBN searches. The current data sources are the Library of Congress (United States), the Bibliothèque nationale de France (French National Library), and K10plus ISBN (German repository). Additional data source searches can be [[mw:Citoid/Creating Zotero translators|proposed to Zotero]]. The ISBN labels in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]] will reappear later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298#8859917]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The page [[{{#special:EditWatchlist}}]] now has &quot;{{int:watchlistedit-normal-check-all}}&quot; options to select all the pages within a namespace. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Watchlist edit - &quot;check all&quot; checkbox|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334252]	

'''Problems'''
* For a few days earlier this month, the &quot;Add interlanguage link&quot; item in the Tools menu did not work properly. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337081]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/small.dblist small] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/medium.dblist medium] wikis this week. Large wikis will follow in the coming weeks. This is part of the effort to move Parsoid into MediaWiki core. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:03, 29 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe|RealMe]] extension allows you to mark URLs on your user page as verified for Mastodon and similar software.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Citation and footnote editing can now be started from the reference list when using the visual editor. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Citations/Allow citations to be edited in the references section with VisualEditor|voted #2 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T54750]
* Previously, clicking on someone else's link to Recent Changes with filters applied within the URL could unintentionally change your preference for &quot;{{int:Rcfilters-group-results-by-page}}&quot;. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202916#8874081]

'''Problems'''
* For a few days last week, some tools and bots returned outdated information due to database replication problems, and may have been down entirely while it was being fixed. These issues have now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337446]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Bots will no longer be prevented from making edits because of URLs that match the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SpamBlacklist|spam blacklist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313107]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:52, 5 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the Dutch, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish and Portuguese Wikipedias. This was the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend &quot;Who Wrote That?&quot; tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Search Improvements#Search Preview panel|Search Preview panel]] has been deployed on four Wikipedias (Catalan, Dutch, Hungarian and Norwegian). The panel will show an image related to the article (if existing), the top sections of the article, related images (coming from MediaSearch on Commons), and eventually the sister projects associated with the article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306341]
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe#Verifying_a_link_on_non-user_pages|RealMe]] extension now allows administrators to verify URLs for any page, for Mastodon and similar software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324937]
* The default project license [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimediaannounce-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7G6XPWZPQFLZ2JANN3ZX6RT4DVUI3HZQ/ has been officially upgraded] to CC BY-SA 4.0. The software interface messages have been updated. Communities should feel free to start updating any mentions of the old CC BY-SA 3.0 licensing within policies and related documentation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319064]

'''Problems'''
* For three days last month, some Wikipedia pages edited with VisualEditor or DiscussionTools had an unintended &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__TOC__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (or its localized form) added during an edit. There is [[mw:Parsoid/Deployments/T336101_followup|a listing of affected pages sorted by wiki]], that may still need to be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336101]
* Currently, the &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is broken. Existing &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; keywords incorrectly appear as missing templates in VisualEditor. Developers are exploring how to fix this. In the meantime, those wishing to edit the default sortkey of a page are advised to switch to source editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Last week, an update to the delete form may have broken some gadgets or user scripts. If you need to manipulate (empty) the reason field, replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#wpReason&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#wpReason &gt; input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. See [https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3AGadget-CleanDeleteReasons.js&amp;diff=22859956&amp;oldid=12794189 an example fix]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337809]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on English Wikipedia on Monday, and all other [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/large.dblist large] wikis on Thursday. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529]

'''Future changes'''
* From 5 June to 17 July, the Foundation's [[:mw:Wikimedia Security Team|Security team]] is holding a consultation with contributors regarding a draft policy to govern the use of third-party resources in volunteer-developed gadgets and scripts. Feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|Third-party resources policy]] on meta-wiki.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:51, 12 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Flame graphs are now available in WikimediaDebug. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JXNQD3EHG5V5QW5UXFDPSHQG4MJ3FWJQ/][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2023/06/08/flame-graphs-arrive-in-wikimediadebug/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
* There is now a toolbar search popup in the visual editor. You can trigger it by typing &lt;code&gt;\&lt;/code&gt; or pressing &lt;code&gt;ctrl + shift + p&lt;/code&gt;. It can help you quickly access most tools in the editor. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Visual_editor_toolbar_search_feature.png][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T66905]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:08, 19 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Action API modules and Special:LinkSearch will now add a trailing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to all &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prop=extlinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; responses for bare domains. This is part of the work to remove duplication in the &lt;code&gt;externallinks&lt;/code&gt; database table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337994]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, search was broken on Commons and Wikidata for 23 hours. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339810][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-06-18_search_broken_on_wikidata_and_commons]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Minerva skin now applies more predefined styles to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.mbox-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; CSS class. This enables support for mbox templates that use divs instead of tables. Please make sure that the new styles won't affect other templates in your wiki. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/skins/MinervaNeue/+/930901/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339040]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets will now load on both desktop and mobile by default. Previously, gadgets loaded only on desktop by default. Changing this default using the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|targets=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter is also deprecated and should not be used. You should make gadgets work on mobile or disable them based on the skin (with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|skins=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter in &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition&lt;/bdi&gt;) rather than whether the user uses the mobile or the desktop website. Popular gadgets that create errors on mobile will be disabled by developers on the Minerva skin as a temporary solution. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T127268]
* All namespace tabs now have the same browser [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Keyboard_shortcuts|access key]] by default. Previously, custom and extension-defined namespaces would have to have their access keys set manually on-wiki, but that is no longer necessary. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T22126]
* The review form of the Flagged Revisions extension now uses the standardized [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|user interface components]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the parser's HTML output will change in the coming weeks at [[:wikitech:Deployments/Train#Thursday|group2 wikis]]. This change improves the accessibility of content. You may need to update your site-CSS, or userscripts and gadgets. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Media_structure/FAQ|details on what code to check, how to update the code, and where to report any related problems]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314318]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:18, 26 June 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25202311 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the rolling out of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposal, [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/small.dblist small wikis] will now be able to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline audio player mode|inline audio player]] that is implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] extension. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] From this week all gadgets automatically load on mobile and desktop sites. If you see any problems with gadgets on your wikis, please adjust the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|gadget options]] in your gadget definitions file. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:51, 3 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Section-level Image Suggestions|Section-level Image Suggestions feature]] has been deployed on seven Wikipedias (Portuguese, Russian, Indonesian, Catalan, Hungarian, Finnish and Norwegian Bokmål). The feature recommends images for articles on contributors' watchlists that are a good match for individual sections of those articles.
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global abuse filters]] have been enabled on all Wikimedia projects, except English and Japanese Wikipedias (who opted out). This change was made following a [[:m:Requests for comment/Make global abuse filters opt-out|global request for comments]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341159]
* [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] is a new tool for administrators to help fight spam. It provides a clearer interface for blocking plain domains (and their subdomains), is more easily searchable, and is faster for the software to process for each edit on the wiki. It does not support regex (for complex cases), nor URL path-matching, nor the [[MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist|MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist]], but otherwise it replaces most of the functionalities of the existing [[MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist|MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist]]. There is a Python script to help migrate all simple domains into this tool, and more feature details, within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:BlockedExternalDomains|the tool's documentation]]. It is available at all wikis except for Meta-wiki, Commons, and Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337431]
* The WikiEditor extension was updated. It includes some of the most frequently used features of wikitext editing. In the past, many of its messages could only be translated by administrators, but now all regular translators on translatewiki can translate them. Please check [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=ext-wikieditor&amp;messages=&amp;x=D#sortable:0=asc the state of WikiEditor localization into your language], and if the &quot;Completion&quot; for your language shows anything less than 100%, please complete the translation. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-ambassadors@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/D4YELU2DXMZ75PGELUOKXXMFF3FH45XA/ a more detailed explanation].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The default protocol of [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and API counterparts has changed from http to both http and https. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14810]
* [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and its API counterparts will now search for all of the URL provided in the query. It used to be only the first 60 characters. This feature was requested fifteen years ago. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T17218]

'''Future changes'''
* There is an experiment with a [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin. This is to show users where the information is coming from when they read information from Wikipedia. It has been tested by Wikimedia Foundation staff and other Wikimedians. Soon all ChatGPT plugin users can use the Wikipedia plugin. This is the same plugin which was mentioned in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Tech News 2023/20]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI]
* There is an ongoing discussion on a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|proposed Third-party resources policy]]. The proposal will impact the use of third-party resources in gadgets and userscripts. Based on the ideas received so far, policy includes some of the risks related to user scripts and gadgets loading third-party resources, some best practices and exemption requirements such as code transparency and inspectability. Your feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome until July 17, 2023 on [[m:Talk:Third-party resources policy|on the policy talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:54, 10 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] We are now serving 1% of all global user traffic from [[w:en:Kubernetes|Kubernetes]] (you can [[wikitech:MediaWiki On Kubernetes|read more technical details]]). We are planning to increment this percentage regularly. You can [[phab:T290536|follow the progress of this work]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message|system messages]] will now look for available local fallbacks, instead of always using the default fallback defined by software. This means wikis no longer need to override each language on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback_languages|fallback chain]] separately. For example, English Wikipedia doesn't have to create &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-ca&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-gb&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; subpages with a transclusion of the base pages anymore. This makes it easier to maintain local overrides. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T229992]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;action=growthsetmentorstatus&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API will be deprecated with the new MediaWiki version. Bots or scripts calling that API should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;action=growthmanagementorlist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321503]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:08, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]   On July 18, the Wikimedia Foundation launched a survey about the [[:mw:Technical_decision_making|technical decision making process]] for people who do technical work that relies on software that is maintained by the Foundation or affiliates. If this applies to you, [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/885471 please take part in the survey]. The survey will be open for three weeks, until August 7. You can find more information in [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/Q7DUCFA75DXG3G2KHTO7CEWMLCYTSDB2/|the announcement e-mail on wikitech-l]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:20, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Synchronizer|Synchronizer]] tool is now available to keep Lua modules synced across Wikimedia wikis, along with [[mw:Multilingual Templates and Modules|updated documentation]] to develop global Lua modules and templates.
* The tag filter on [[{{#special:NewPages}}]] and revision history pages can now be inverted. For example, you can hide edits that were made using an automated tool. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334337][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334338]
* The Wikipedia [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin experiment can now be used by ChatGPT users who can use plugins. You can participate in a [[:m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future Audiences#Announcing monthly Future Audiences open &quot;office hours&quot;|video call]] if you want to talk about this experiment or similar work. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI]

'''Problems'''
* It was not possible to generate a PDF for pages with non-Latin characters in the title, for the last two weeks. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342442]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Tuesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-kawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kaawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-knwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kshwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kwwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308135] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:54, 31 July 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25362228 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Mobile Web editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced_mobile_contributions#August_1,_2023_-_Full-page_editing_added_on_mobile|edit a whole page at once]]. To use this feature, turn on &quot;{{int:Mobile-frontend-mobile-option-amc}}&quot; in your settings and use the &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}&quot; button in the &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-overflow}}&quot; menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203151]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:20, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25420038 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Content translation system is no longer using Youdao's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation|machine translation service]]. The service was in place for several years, but due to no usage, and availability of alternatives, it was deprecated to reduce maintenance overheads. Other services which cover the same languages are still available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329137]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ladwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lezwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lfnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-liwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lijwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lmowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ltgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-maiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-map_bmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mdfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kywiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308136] &lt;!-- TODO replace wiki codes --&gt;

'''Future changes'''
* A few gadgets/user scripts which add icons to the Minerva skin need to have their CSS updated. There are more details available including a [[phab:T344067|search for all existing instances and how to update them]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:59, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25428668 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [https://gdrive-to-commons.toolforge.org/ GDrive to Commons Uploader] tool is now available. It enables [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GDrive to Commons Uploader|securely selecting and uploading files]] from your Google Drive directly to Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267868]
* From now on, we will announce new Wikimedia wikis in Tech News, so you can update any tools or pages.
** Since the last edition, two new wikis have been created:
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q7121294|Pa'O]] ([[wikt:blk:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:blk:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343540]
*** a Wikisource in [[d:Q34002|Sundanese]] ([[s:su:|&lt;code&gt;s:su:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343539]
** To catch up, the next most recent six wikis are:
*** Wikifunctions ([[f:|&lt;code&gt;f:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275945]
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[wikt:btm:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335216]
*** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q5555465|Ghanaian Pidgin]] ([[w:gpe:|&lt;code&gt;w:gpe:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335969]
*** a Wikinews in [[d:Q3111668|Gungbe]] ([[n:guw:|&lt;code&gt;n:guw:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334394]
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q33522|Kabardian]] ([[wikt:kbd:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kbd:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333266]
*** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35570|Fante]] ([[w:fat:|&lt;code&gt;w:fat:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335016]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There is an existing [[mw:Stable interface policy|stable interface policy]] for MediaWiki backend code. There is a [[mw:User:Jdlrobson/Stable interface policy/frontend|proposed stable interface policy for frontend code]]. This is relevant for anyone who works on gadgets or Wikimedia frontend code. You can read it, discuss it, and let the proposer know if there are any problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W34&quot;/&gt;

15:25, 21 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25497111 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diff handling of paragraph splits]], improved detection of splits is being rolled out. Over the last two weeks, we deployed this support to [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Groups|group0]] and group1 wikis. This week it will be deployed to group2 wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341754]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] All [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] pages now show the user's local edit count and the account's creation date. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324166]
* Wikisource users can now use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prpbengalicurrency&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; label to denote Bengali currency characters as page numbers inside the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;pagelist&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tag.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268932]
* Two preferences have been relocated. The preference &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-visualeditor}}&quot; is now shown on the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|&quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab]] at all wikis. Previously it was shown on the &quot;{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}&quot; tab at some wikis. The preference &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-enable}}&quot; is now also shown on the &quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab at all wikis, instead of the &quot;{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}&quot; tab. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335056][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344158]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-31|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] New signups for a Wikimedia developer account will start being pushed towards &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://idm.wikimedia.org/ idm.wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, rather than going via Wikitech. [[wikitech:IDM|Further information about the new system is available]].
* All right-to-left language wikis, plus Korean, Armenian, Ukrainian, Russian, and Bulgarian Wikipedias, will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. This feature will come to more wikis in future weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921]

'''Future changes'''
* The removal of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DoubleWiki|DoubleWiki extension]] is being discussed. This extension currently allows Wikisource users to view articles from multiple language versions side by side when the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;=&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; symbol next to a specific language edition is selected. Comments on this are welcomed at [[phab:T344544|the phabricator task]].
* A proposal has been made to merge the second hidden-categories list (which appears below the wikitext editing form) with the main list of categories (which is further down the page). [[phab:T340606|More information is available on Phabricator]]; feedback is welcome!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:00, 28 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25510866 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[m:Wikisource_EditInSequence|EditInSequence]], a feature that allows users to edit pages faster on Wikisource has been moved to a Beta Feature based on community feedback. To enable it, you can navigate to the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features tab in Preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308098]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Generate Audio for IPA|Generate Audio for IPA]] and [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|Audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposals, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline_audio_player_mode|inline audio player mode]] of [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] has been deployed to all projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763]
* There is a new option for Administrators when they are changing the usergroups for a user, to add the user’s user page to their watchlist. This works both via [[{{#special:UserRights}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272294]
* One new wiki has been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34318|Talysh]] ([[w:tly:|&lt;code&gt;w:tly:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345166]
'''Problems'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:LoginNotify|LoginNotify extension]] was not sending notifications since January. It has now been fixed, so going forward, you may see notifications for failed login attempts, and successful login attempts from a new device. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344785]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-mhrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-miwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-minwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mtwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mwlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-myvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mznwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-napwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ndswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nds_nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-novwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nqowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nrmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nsowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ocwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-olowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-omwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-orwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-oswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pagwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-papwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pcdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pdcwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pflwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pihwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pnbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pntwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pswiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308137][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308138]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:33, 4 September 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ORES|ORES]], the revision evaluation service, is now using a new open-source infrastructure on all wikis except for English Wikipedia and Wikidata. These two will follow this week. If you notice any unusual results from the Recent Changes filters that are related to ORES (for example, &quot;{{int:ores-rcfilters-damaging-title}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:ores-rcfilters-goodfaith-title}}&quot;), please [[mw:Talk:Machine Learning|report them]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342115]
* When you are logged in on one Wikimedia wiki and visit a different Wikimedia wiki, the system tries to log you in there automatically. This has been unreliable for a long time. You can now visit the login page to make the system try extra hard. If you feel that made logging in better or worse than it used to be, your feedback is appreciated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326281]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Technical decision making|Technical Decision-Making Forum Retrospective]] team invites anyone involved in the technical field of Wikimedia projects to signup to and join [[mw:Technical decision making/Listening Sessions|one of their listening sessions]] on 13 September. Another date will be scheduled later. The goal is to improve the technical decision-making processes.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|Better diff handling of paragraph splits]] wishlist proposal, the inline switch widget in diff pages is being rolled out this week to all wikis. The inline switch will allow viewers to toggle between a unified inline or two-column diff wikitext format. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336716]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on 20 September. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263]
* The Enterprise API is launching a new feature called &quot;[http://breakingnews-beta.enterprise.wikimedia.com/ breaking news]&quot;. Currently in BETA, this attempts to identify likely &quot;newsworthy&quot; topics as they are currently being written about in any Wikipedia. Your help is requested to improve the accuracy of its detection model, especially on smaller language editions, by recommending templates or identifiable editing patterns. See more information at [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/Breaking news|the documentation page]] on MediaWiki or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/FAQ#What is Breaking News|the FAQ]] on Meta.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:07, 11 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25589064 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki now has a [[mw:Stable interface policy/frontend|stable interface policy for frontend code]] that more clearly defines how we deprecate MediaWiki code and wiki-based code (e.g. gadgets and user scripts). Thank you to everyone who contributed to the content and discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346467][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263]
* All wikis will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The team investigating the Graph Extension posted [[mw:Extension:Graph/Plans#Proposal|a proposal for reenabling it]] and they need your input.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:19, 18 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25623533 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Vector 2022 skin will now remember the pinned/unpinned status for the Table of Contents for all logged-out users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316060]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mediawiki.ui&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; modules are now deprecated as part of the move to Vue.js and Codex. There is a [[mw:Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. More [[phab:T346468|details are available in the task]] and your questions are welcome there.
* Gadget definitions will have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new &quot;namespaces&quot; option]]. The option takes a list of namespace IDs. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages in the given namespaces.

'''Future changes'''
* New variables will be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]]: &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;global_account_groups&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;global_account_editcount&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. They are available only when an account is being created. You can use them to prevent blocking automatic creation of accounts when users with many edits elsewhere visit your wiki for the first time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345632][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules_format]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1698426015 27 October at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Office_Hours#October_2023|details and how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 26 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25655264 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-advancedrendering|user preference]] for &quot;{{int:tog-forcesafemode}}&quot;. This setting will make pages load without including any on-wiki JavaScript or on-wiki stylesheet pages. It can be useful for debugging broken JavaScript gadgets. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342347]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget definitions now have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new &quot;&lt;var&gt;contentModels&lt;/var&gt;&quot; option]]. The option takes a list of page content models, like &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;wikitext&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;css&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages with the given content models.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Vector 2022 skin will no longer use the custom styles and scripts of Vector legacy (2010). The change will be made later this year or in early 2024. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|how to adjust the CSS and JS pages on your wiki]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331679]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:26, 3 October 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33291|Fon]] ([[w:fon:|&lt;code&gt;w:fon:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347935]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-warwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xalwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xmfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zeawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zh_min_nanwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zuwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308139]
* At some wikis, newcomers are suggested images from Commons to add to articles without any images. Starting on Tuesday, newcomers at these wikis will be able to add images to unillustrated article sections. The specific wikis are listed under &quot;Images recommendations&quot; [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment table|at the Growth team deployment table]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add an image|learn more about this feature.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345940]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In the mobile web skin (Minerva) the CSS ID &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#page-actions&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be replaced with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#p-views&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This change is to make it consistent with other skins and to improve support for gadgets and extensions in the mobile skin. A few gadgets may need to be updated; there are [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348267 details and search-links in the task].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:39, 9 October 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|Unified login]] system's edge login should now be fixed for some browsers (Chrome, Edge, Opera). This means that if you visit a new sister project wiki, you should be logged in automatically without the need to click &quot;Log in&quot; or reload the page. Feedback on whether it's working for you is welcome. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347889]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/Edit_notice|Edit notices]] are now available within the MobileFrontend/Minerva skin. This feature was inspired by [[w:en:Wikipedia:EditNoticesOnMobile|the gadget on English Wikipedia]]. See more details in [[phab:T316178|T316178]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* In 3 weeks, in the Vector 2022 skin, code related to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;addPortletLink&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#p-namespaces&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; that was deprecated one year ago will be removed. If you notice tools that should appear next to the &quot;Discussion&quot; tab are then missing, please tell the gadget's maintainers to see [[phab:T347907|instructions in the Phabricator task]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:47, 16 October 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language engineering/Newsletter/2023/October|Language and internationalization newsletter]], written quarterly. It contains updates on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects, and related support work.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Source map support has been enabled on all wikis. When you open the debugger in your browser's developer tools, you should be able to see the unminified JavaScript source code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T47514]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:16, 23 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25782286 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Structured Content team, as part of its project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]], made some UX improvements to the upload step of choosing own vs not own work ([[phab:T347590|T347590]]), as well as to the licensing step for own work ([[phab:T347756|T347756]]).
* The Design Systems team has released version 1.0.0 of [[wmdoc:codex/latest/|Codex]], the new design system for Wikimedia. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design_Systems_Team/Announcing_Codex_1.0|full announcement about the release of Codex 1.0.0]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Listings on category pages are sorted on each wiki for that language using a [[:w:en:International Components for Unicode|library]]. For a brief period on 2 November, changes to categories will not be sorted correctly for many languages. This is because the developers are upgrading to a new version of the library. They will then use a script to fix the existing categories. This will take a few hours or a few days depending on how big the wiki is. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345561][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267145] 
* Starting November 1, the impact module (Special:Impact) will be upgraded by the Growth team. The new impact module shows newcomers more data regarding their impact on the wiki. It was tested by a few wikis during the last few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203]

'''Future changes'''
* There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans#Roadmap|a proposed plan]] for re-enabling the Graph Extension. You can help by reviewing this proposal and [[mw:Extension_talk:Graph/Plans#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20231020221600-Update:_20_October|sharing what you think about it]].
* The WMF is working on making it possible for administrators to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration_2.0|edit MediaWiki configuration directly]]. This is similar to previous work on Special:EditGrowthConfig. [[phab:T349757|A technical RfC is running until November 08, where you can provide feedback.]] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 30 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25801989 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, the default font-size of a number of navigational elements (tagline, tools menu, navigational links, and more) has been increased slightly to match the font size used in page content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346062]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, there was a problem displaying some recent edits on [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist a few wikis], for 1-6 hours. The edits were saved but not immediately shown. This was due to a database problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350443]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The Growth team will reassign newcomers from former mentors to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Structured mentor list|the currently active mentors]]. They have also changed the notification language to be more user-friendly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330071][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327493]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:05, 6 November 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Four new wikis have been created:
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q7598268|Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[w:zgh:|&lt;code&gt;w:zgh:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350216]
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35159|Dagaare]] ([[w:dga:|&lt;code&gt;w:dga:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350218]
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q33017|Toba Batak]] ([[w:bbc:|&lt;code&gt;w:bbc:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350320]
** a Wikiquote in [[d:Q33151|Banjar]] ([[q:bjn:|&lt;code&gt;q:bjn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350217]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, users who previously visited Meta-Wiki or Wikimedia Commons and then became logged out on those wikis could not log in again. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350695]
* Last week, some pop-up dialogs and menus were shown with the wrong font size. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350544]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* Reference Previews are coming to many wikis as a default feature. They are popups for references, similar to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]]. [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|You can opt out]] of seeing them. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews. [[phab:T282999|Deployment]] is planned for November 22, 2023. 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Canary (also known as heartbeat) events will be produced into [https://stream.wikimedia.org/?doc#/streams Wikimedia event streams] from December 11. Streams users are advised to filter out these events, by discarding all events where &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;meta.domain == &quot;canary&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Updates to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] or [https://github.com/ChlodAlejandro/wikimedia-streams wikimedia-streams] will discard these events by default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T266798]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:52, 13 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25859263 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-quwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_rupwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_tarawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ruewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rwwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-satwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-shwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-siwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-skwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-slwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-smwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-suwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-szlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tcywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tetwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-towiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tpiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ttwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-twwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tyvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-udmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ugwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-uzwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vecwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vepwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vlswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vowiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308141][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308142][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308143] 
* The Vector 2022 skin will have some minor visual changes to drop-down menus, column widths, and more. These changes were added to four Wikipedias last week. If no issues are found, these changes will proceed to all wikis this week. These changes will make it possible to add new menus for readability and dark mode. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Updates#November_2023:_Visual_changes,_more_deployments,_and_shifting_focus|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347711]

'''Future changes'''
* There is [[mw:Extension talk:Graph/Plans#Update: 15 November|an update on re-enabling the Graph Extension]]. To speed up the process, Vega 2 will not be supported and only [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335325 some protocols] will be available at launch. You can help by sharing what you think about the plan.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:55, 21 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25884616 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki's JavaScript system will now allow &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;async&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;await&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; syntax in gadgets and user scripts. Gadget authors should remember that users' browsers may not support it, so it should be used appropriately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343499]
* The deployment of &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Add a link]]&quot; announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|last week]] was postponed. It will resume this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:08, 27 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25906379 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The spacing between paragraphs on Vector 2022 has been changed from 7px to 14px to match the size of the text. This will make it easier to distinguish paragraphs from sentences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T351754]
* The &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is working again. You no longer need to switch to source editing to edit &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* On 6 December, people who have the enabled the preference for &quot;{{int:Discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot; will notice the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|talk page usability improvements]] appear on pages that include the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__NEWSECTIONLINK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word. If you notice any issues, please [[phab:T352232|share them with the team on Phabricator]].

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Grid Engine deprecation|Grid Engine shutdown process]] will start on December 14. Maintainers of [[toolforge:grid-deprecation|tools that still use this old system]] should plan to migrate to Kubernetes, or tell the team your plans on Phabricator in the task about your tool, before that date. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/VIWWQKMSQO2ED3TVUR7KPPWRTOBYBVOA/]
* Communities using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions|Structured Discussions]] are being contacted regarding [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|the upcoming deprecation of Structured Discussions]]. You can read more about this project, and share your comments, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|on the project's page]].

'''Events'''
* Registration &amp; Scholarship applications are now open for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2024|Wikimedia Hackathon 2024]] that will take place from 3–5 May in Tallinn, Estonia. Scholarship applications are open until 5 January 2024.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:50, 4 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25914435 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikimedia Commons, there are some minor user-interface improvements for the &quot;choosing own vs not own work&quot; step in the UploadWizard. This is part of the Structured Content team's project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352707][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352709]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem showing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer homepage|Newcomer homepage]] feature with the &quot;impact module&quot; and their page-view graphs, for a few days in early December. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352352][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352349]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]] The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/796964 2023 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 5 January 2024, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:December_2023_Developer_Satisfaction_Survey|privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:12, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25945501 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 8 January 2024 because of [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|the holidays]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting December 18, it won't be possible to activate Structured Discussions on a user's own talk page using the Beta feature. The Beta feature option remains available for users who want to deactivate Structured Discussions. This is part of [[mw:Structured Discussions/Deprecation|Structured Discussions' deprecation work]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248309] 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There will be full support for redirects in the Module namespace. The &quot;Move Page&quot; feature will leave an appropriate redirect behind, and such redirects will be appropriately recognized by the software (e.g. hidden from [[{{#special:UnconnectedPages}}]]). There will also be support for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Renaming or moving modules|manual redirects]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120794]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The MediaWiki JavaScript documentation is moving to a new format. During the move, you can read the old docs using [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/REL1_41/js/ version 1.41]. Feedback about [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/master/js/ the new site] is welcome on the [[mw:Talk:JSDoc_WMF_theme|project talk page]].
* The Wishathon is a new initiative that encourages collaboration across the Wikimedia community to develop solutions for wishes collected through the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The first community Wishathon will take place from 15–17 March. If you are interested in a project proposal as a user, developer, designer, or product lead, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WishathonMarch2024|register for the event and read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:17, 18 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25959059 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-02 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [https://mediawiki2latex.wmflabs.org/ mediawiki2latex] is a tool that converts wiki content into the formats of LaTeX, PDF, ODT, and EPUB. The code now runs many times faster due to recent improvements. There is also an optional Docker container you can [[b:de:Benutzer:Dirk_Hünniger/wb2pdf/install#Using_Docker|install]] on your local machine.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The way that Random pages are selected has been updated. This will slowly reduce the problem of some pages having a lower chance of appearing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309477]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:19, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26026251 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Pages that use the JSON [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:ContentHandler|contentmodel]] will now use tabs instead of spaces for auto-indentation. This will significantly reduce the page size. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326065]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and personal user scripts may now use JavaScript syntax introduced in ES6 (also known as &quot;ES2015&quot;) and ES7 (&quot;ES2016&quot;). MediaWiki validates the source code to protect other site functionality from syntax errors, and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browsers|supported browsers]]. Previously, Gadgets could use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;requiresES6&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option. This option is no longer needed and will be removed in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T75714]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|Bot passwords]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|owner-only OAuth consumers]] can now be restricted to allow editing only specific pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T349957]
* You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thank]] edits made by bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341388]
* An update on the status of the Community Wishlist Survey for 2024 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Future Of The Wishlist/January 4, 2024 Update|has been published]]. Please read and give your feedback.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on January 17, it will not be possible to login to Wikimedia wikis from some specific old versions of the Chrome browser (versions 51–66, released between 2016 and 2018). Additionally, users of iOS 12, or Safari on Mac OS 10.14, may need to login to each wiki separately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344791]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module was deprecated and replaced with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module last year. A script has now been run to replace any remaining uses, and this week the temporary alias will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354966]

'''Future changes'''
* Wikimedia Deutschland is working to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. They are looking for people who are interested in participating in [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ individual video calls for user research in January and February].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:13, 16 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26074460 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* A bug in UploadWizard prevented linking to the userpage of the uploader when uploading. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354529]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:03, 23 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26096197 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting Monday January 29, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they are looking for, even if this comment was moved elsewhere. This will affect all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. You can read more about this change [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/ on Diff] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk_pages_permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]].&lt;!-- The Diff post will be published on Monday morning UTC--&gt; [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302011]
* There are some improvements to the CAPTCHA to make it harder for spam bots and scripts to bypass it. If you have feedback on this change, please comment on [[phab:T141490|the task]]. Staff are monitoring metrics related to the CAPTCHA, as well as secondary metrics such as account creations and edit counts.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] On February 1, a link will be added to the &quot;Tools&quot; menu to download a [[w:en:QR code|QR code]] that links to the page you are viewing. There will also be a new [[{{#special:QrCode}}]] page to create QR codes for any Wikimedia URL. This addresses the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Mobile and apps/Add ability to share QR code for a page in any Wikimedia project|#19 most-voted wish]] from the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329973]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] which only work in some skins have sometimes used the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;targets&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option to limit where you can use them. This will stop working this week. You should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328497]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 29 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26137870 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*The mobile site history pages now use the same HTML as the desktop history pages. If you hear of any problems relating to mobile history usage please point them to [[phab:T353388|the phabricator task]].
*On most wikis, admins can now block users from making specific actions. These actions are: uploading files, creating new pages, moving (renaming) pages, and sending thanks. The goal of this feature is to allow admins to apply blocks that are adequate to the blocked users' activity. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks#action-blocks|Learn more about &quot;action blocks&quot;]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242541][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Talk pages permalinks that included diacritics and non-Latin script were malfunctioning. This issue is fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356199]

'''Future changes'''
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#24WPs|24 Wikipedias]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference_Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] as a default gadget are encouraged to remove that default flag. This would make [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference_Previews|Reference Previews]] the new default for reference popups, leading to a more consistent experience across wikis. For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#46WPs|46 Wikipedias]] with less than 4 interface admins, the change is already scheduled for mid-February, [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference Previews to become the default for previewing references on more wikis.|unless there are concerns]]. The older Reference Tooltips gadget will still remain usable and will override this feature, if it is available on your wiki and you have enabled it in your settings. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference_Previews_to_become_the_default_for_previewing_references_on_more_wikis][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355312]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:22, 5 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26180971 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*  The [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split experiment]] is working and loaded onto 3 test servers. The team in charge is testing the split's impact and requires feedback from WDQS users through the UI or programmatically in different channels. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata_talk:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_graph_split][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356773][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Sannita_(WMF)] Users' feedback will validate the impact of various use cases and workflows around the Wikidata Query service. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/October_2023_scaling_update][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual#Federation]

'''Problems'''
*There was a bug that affected the appearance of visited links when using mobile device to access wiki sites. It made the links appear black; [[phab:T356928|this issue]] is fixed.  

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] As work continues on the grid engine deprecation,[https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation] tools on the grid engine will be stopped starting on February 14th, 2024. If you have tools actively migrating you can ask for an extension so they are not stopped. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:48, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26223994 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* If you have the &quot;{{int:Tog-enotifwatchlistpages}}&quot; option enabled, edits by bot accounts no longer trigger notification emails. Previously, only minor edits would not trigger the notification emails. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356984]
* There are changes to how user and site scripts load for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022| Vector 2022]] on specific wikis. The changes impacted the following Wikis: all projects with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector legacy]] as the default skin, Wikivoyage, and Wikibooks. Other wikis will be affected over the course of the next three months. Gadgets are not impacted. If you have been affected or want to minimize the impact on your project, see [[Phab:T357580| this ticket]]. Please coordinate and take action proactively.
*Newly auto-created accounts (the accounts you get when you visit a new wiki) now have the same local notification preferences as users who freshly register on that wiki. It is effected in four notification types listed in the [[phab:T353225|task's description]].
*The maximum file size when using [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload_Wizard|Upload Wizard]] is now 5 GiB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191804]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Selected tools on the grid engine have been [[wikitech:News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation|stopped]] as we prepare to shut down the grid on March 14th, 2024. The tool's code and data have not been deleted. If you are a maintainer and you want your tool re-enabled reach out to the [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support|team]]. Only tools that have asked for extension are still running on the grid.
* The CSS &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter filter]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; property can now be used in HTML &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;style&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attributes in wikitext. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308160]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:36, 19 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26254282 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile|mobile visual editor]] is now the default editor for users who never edited before, at a small group of wikis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile/VE_mobile_default#A/B_test_results| Research ]] shows that users using this editor are slightly more successful publishing the edits they started, and slightly less successful publishing non-reverted edits. Users who defined the wikitext editor as their default on desktop will get the wikitext editor on mobile for their first edit on mobile as well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352127]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Core modules#mw.config|mw.config]] value &lt;code&gt;wgGlobalGroups&lt;/code&gt; now only contains groups that are active in the wiki. Scripts no longer have to check whether the group is active on the wiki via an API request. A code example of the above is: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (/globalgroupname/.test(mw.config.get(&quot;wgGlobalGroups&quot;)))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356008]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The right to change [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags|edit tags]] (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;changetags&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) will be removed from users in Wikimedia sites, keeping it by default for admins and bots only. Your community can ask to retain the old configuration on your wiki before this change happens. Please indicate in [[phab:T355639|this ticket]] to keep it for your community before the end of March 2024.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:23, 26 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26294125 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Special:Book&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; page (as well as the associated &quot;Create a book&quot; functionality) provided by the old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Collection|Collection extension]] has been removed from all Wikisource wikis, as it was broken. This does not affect the ability to download normal books, which is provided by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Wikisource|Wikisource extension]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358437]
* [[m:Wikitech|Wikitech]] now uses the next-generation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] wikitext parser by default to generate all pages in the Talk namespace.  Report any problems on the [[mw:Talk:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Known_Issues|Known Issues discussion page]]. You can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration]] extension to control the use of Parsoid; see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration help documentation]] for more details.
* Maintenance on [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org etherpad] is completed. If you encounter any issues, please indicate in [[phab:T316421|this ticket]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] allow interface admins to create custom features with CSS and JavaScript. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget_definition&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespaces and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;gadgets-definition-edit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; user right were reserved for an experiment in 2015, but were never used. These were visible on Special:Search and Special:ListGroupRights. The unused namespaces and user rights are now removed. No pages are moved, and no changes need to be made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T31272]
* A usability improvement to the &quot;Add a citation&quot; in Wikipedia workflow has been made, the insert button was moved to the popup header. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354847]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
*  All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233]
* The HTML markup of headings and section edit links will be changed later this year to improve accessibility. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Heading_HTML_changes|Heading HTML changes]] for details. The new markup will be the same as in the new Parsoid wikitext parser. You can test your gadget or stylesheet with the new markup if you add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;?useparsoid=1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to your URL ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Selecting_a_parser_using_a_URL_query_string|more info]]) or turn on Parsoid read views in your user options ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Enabling_via_user_preference|more info]]).
*

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:47, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26329807 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* After consulting with various communities, the line height of the text on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] will be increased to its previous value of 1.65. Different options for typography can also be set using the options in the menu, as needed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358498]
*The active link color in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] will be changed to provide more consistency with our other platforms and best practices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358516]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|Structured data on Commons]] will no longer ask whether you want to leave the page without saving. This will prevent the “information you’ve entered may not be saved” popups from appearing when no information have been entered. It will also make file pages on Commons load faster in certain cases. However, the popups will be hidden even if information has indeed been entered. If you accidentally close the page before saving the structured data you entered, that data will be lost. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312315]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26374013 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The notice &quot;Language links are at the top of the page&quot; that appears in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]] main menu has been removed now that users have learned the new location of the Language switcher. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T353619]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP_Editing:_Privacy_Enhancement_and_Abuse_Mitigation/IP_Info_feature|IP info feature]] displays data from Spur, an IP addresses database. Previously, the only data source for this feature was MaxMind. Now, IP info is more useful for patrollers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341395]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge Grid Engine services have been shut down after the final migration process from Grid Engine to Kubernetes. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Obsolete:Toolforge/Grid][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2022/03/14/toolforge-and-grid-engine/]
* Communities can now customize the default reasons for undeleting a page by creating [[MediaWiki:Undelete-comment-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326746]

'''Problems'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] is an interface to interactively browse a page's history. Users in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider/Developing_a_RTL-accessible_feature_in_MediaWiki_-_what_we%27ve_learned_while_creating_the_RevisionSlider|right-to-left]] languages reported RevisionSlider reacting wrong to mouse clicks. This should be fixed now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352169]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1710943200 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:39, 18 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26410165 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] An update was made on March 18th 2024 to how various projects load site, user JavaScript and CSS in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]]. A [[phab:T360384|checklist]] is provided for site admins to follow.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:56, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26446209 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|reading accessibility]] beta feature will notice that the default line height for the standard and large text options has changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359030]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has an annual plan. The annual plan decides what the Wikimedia Foundation will work on. You can now read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs#Draft Key Results|the draft key results]] for the Product and Technology department. They are suggestions for what results the Foundation wants from big technical changes from July 2024 to June 2025. You can [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|comment on the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:36, 2 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26462933 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Web browsers can use tools called [[:w:en:Browser extension|extensions]]. There is now a Chrome extension called [[m:Future Audiences/Experiment:Citation Needed|Citation Needed]] which you can use to see if an online statement is supported by a Wikipedia article. This is a small experiment to see if Wikipedia can be used this way. Because it is a small experiment, it can only be used in Chrome in English.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit Recovery|Edit Recovery]] feature has been added to all wikis, available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user preference]]. Once you enable it, your in-progress edits will be stored in your web browser, and if you accidentally close an editing window or your browser or computer crashes, you will be prompted to recover the unpublished text. Please leave any feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Edit-recovery feature|project talk page]]. This was the #8 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey.
* Initial results of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] experiments [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#4_April_2024|have been published]]. Edit Check is now deployed as a default feature at [[phab:T342930#9538364|the wikis that tested it]]. [[mw:Talk:Edit check|Let us know]] if you want your wiki to be part of the next deployment of Edit check. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342930][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361727]
* Readers using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] on mobile will notice there has been an improvement in the line height across all typography settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359029]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* New accounts and logged-out users will get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|visual editor]] as their default editor on mobile. This deployment is made at all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361134]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:37, 8 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26564838 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Between 2 April and 8 April, on wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged Revisions]], the &quot;{{Int:tag-mw-reverted}}&quot; tag was not applied to undone edits. In addition, page moves, protections and imports were not autoreviewed. This problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361918][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361940]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#DEFAULTSORT|Default category sort keys]] will now affect categories added by templates placed in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite|footnotes]]. Previously footnotes used the page title as the default sort key even if a different default sort key was specified (category-specific sort keys already worked). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40435]
* A new variable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;page_last_edit_age&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be added to [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]]. It tells how many seconds ago the last edit to a page was made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269769]

'''Future changes'''
* Volunteer developers are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Four database fields will be removed from database replicas (including [[quarry:|Quarry]]). This affects only the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tables. Some queries might need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361996]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:29, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26564838 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting this week, newcomers editing Wikipedia [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Leveling up 3|will be encouraged]] to try structured tasks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer tasks|Structured tasks]] have been shown to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link/Experiment analysis, December 2021|improve newcomer activation and retention]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348086]
* You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|nominate your favorite tools]] for the fifth edition of the Coolest Tool Award. Nominations will be open until May 10. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* This is the last warning that by the end of May 2024 the Vector 2022 skin will no longer share site and user scripts/styles with old Vector. For user-scripts that you want to keep using on Vector 2022, copy the contents of [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector.js]] to [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector-2022.js]]. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|more technical details]] available. Interface administrators who foresee this leading to lots of technical support questions may wish to send a mass message to your community, as was done on French Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362701]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:28, 22 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26647188 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''

[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for the following wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}. These wikis participated to a test, where 50% of users got the new design, for one year. As this test [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|gave positive results]], the new design is deployed on these wikis as the default design. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at all wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341491]
* Seven new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[w:bew:|&lt;code&gt;w:bew:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357866]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35708|Kusaal]] ([[w:kus:|&lt;code&gt;w:kus:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359757]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35513|Igala]] ([[w:igl:|&lt;code&gt;w:igl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361644]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q33541|Karakalpak]] ([[wikt:kaa:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kaa:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362135]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9228|Burmese]] ([[s:my:|&lt;code&gt;s:my:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361085]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[s:ms:|&lt;code&gt;s:ms:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363039]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q8108|Georgian]] ([[s:ka:|&lt;code&gt;s:ka:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363085]
* You can now [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Support#Early_access:_Watch_Message_Groups_on_Translatewiki.net watch message groups/projects] on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/translatewiki.net|Translatewiki.net]]. Initially, this feature will notify you of added or deleted messages in these groups. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348501]
* Dark mode is now available on all wikis, on mobile web for logged-in users who opt into the [[Special:MobileOptions|advanced mode]]. This is the early release of the feature. Technical editors are invited to [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ check for accessibility issues on wikis]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|more detailed guidelines]].

'''Problems'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can use an alternative visual style without labels, by using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mapstyle=&quot;osm&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This wasn't working in previews, creating the wrong impression that it wasn't supported. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:33, 30 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for all wikis, except for Commons, Wikidata and most Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|a few]] have already received this design change). You can read the detail of the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at remaining wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352087][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Interface admins now have greater control over the styling of article components on mobile with the introduction of the &lt;code&gt;SiteAdminHelper&lt;/code&gt;. More information on how styles can be disabled can be found [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikimediaMessages#Site_admin_helper|at the extension's page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363932]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has added article body sections in JSON format and a curated short description field to the existing parsed Infobox. This expansion to the API is also available via Wikimedia Cloud Services. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/article-sections-and-description/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you look at the Special:Log page, the first view is labelled &quot;All public logs&quot;, but it only shows some logs. This label will now say &quot;Main public logs&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237729]

'''Future changes'''
* A new service will be built to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Extension:Graph]]. Details can be found in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans|the latest update]] regarding this extension.
* Starting May 21, English Wikipedia and German Wikipedia will get the possibility to activate &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot;. This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to all Wikipedias]]. These communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|activate and configure the feature locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308144]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:44, 6 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26729363 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikisource there is a special page listing pages of works without corresponding scan images. Now you can use the new magic word &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;__EXPECTWITHOUTSCANS__&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to exclude certain pages (list of editions or translations of works) from that list. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344214]
* If you use the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user-preference]] &quot;{{int:tog-uselivepreview}}&quot;, then the template-page feature &quot;{{int:Templatesandbox-editform-legend}}&quot; will now also work without reloading the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136907]
* [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can now specify an alternative text via the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute. This is identical in usage to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Syntax|image and gallery syntax]]. An exception for this feature is wikis like Wikivoyage where the miniature maps are interactive. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328137]
* The old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|Guided Tour]] for the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New Filters for Edit Review]]&quot; feature has been removed. It was created in 2017 to show people with older accounts how the interface had changed, and has now been seen by most of the intended people. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217451]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[{{#special:search}}]] results page will now use CSS flex attributes, for better accessibility, instead of a table. If you have a gadget or script that adjusts search results, you should update your script to the new HTML structure. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320295]

'''Future changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, main pages will be displayed at full width (like special pages). The goal is to keep the number of characters per line large enough. This is related to the coming changes to typography in Vector 2022. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357706]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Two columns of the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:pagelinks table|pagelinks]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; database table (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) are being dropped soon. Users must use two columns of the new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:special:MyLanguage/Manual:linktarget table|linktarget]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table instead (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). In your existing SQL queries:
*# Replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN linktarget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ON&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; statement
*# Below that add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks ON lt_id = pl_target_id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;
** See &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[phab:T222224]]&lt;/bdi&gt; for technical reasoning. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222224][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299947]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:58, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26762074 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, will now correctly delete pages which were moved to another title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T43351]
* New changes have been made to the UploadWizard in Wikimedia Commons: the overall layout has been improved, by following new styling and spacing for the form and its fields; the headers and helper text for each of the fields was changed; the Caption field is now a required field, and there is an option for users to copy their caption into the media description. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:WMF_support_for_Commons/Upload_Wizard_Improvements#Changes_to_%22Describe%22_workflow][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361049]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]  The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading_HTML_changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It will change on 22 May in some skins (Timeless, Modern, CologneBlue, Nostalgia, and Monobook). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in all other skins. The developers are also considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 20 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26786311 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Several bugs related to the latest updates to the UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons have been fixed. For more information, see [[:phab:T365107|T365107]] and [[:phab:T365119|T365119]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In March 2024 a new [[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addPortlet|addPortlet]] API was added to allow gadgets to create new portlets (menus) in the skin. In certain skins this can be used to create dropdowns. Gadget developers are invited to try it and [[phab:T361661|give feedback]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some CSS in the Minerva skin has been removed to enable easier community configuration. Interface editors should check the rendering on mobile devices for aspects related to the classes: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.collapsible&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.multicol&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.reflist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.coordinates&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.topicon&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [[phab:T361659|Further details are available on replacement CSS]] if it is needed.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you visit a wiki where you don't yet have a local account, local rules such as edit filters can sometimes prevent your account from being created. Starting this week, MediaWiki takes your global rights into account when evaluating whether you can override such local rules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316303]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:15, 28 May 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* It is now possible for local administrators to add new links to the bottom of the site Tools menu without JavaScript. [[mw:Manual:Interface/Sidebar#Add or remove toolbox sections|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6086]
* The message name for the definition of the tracking category of WikiHiero has changed from &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikhiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; to &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikihiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/wikihiero/+/1035855]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q5317225|Kadazandusun]] ([[w:dtp:|&lt;code&gt;w:dtp:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365220]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* Next week, on wikis with the Vector 2022 skin as the default, logged-out desktop users will be able to choose between different font sizes. The default font size will also be increased for them. This is to make Wikimedia projects easier to read. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-06 deployments|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:35, 3 June 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26844397 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The software used to render SVG files has been updated to a new version, fixing many longstanding bugs in SVG rendering. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265549]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading HTML changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It was changed last week in some skins (Vector legacy and Minerva). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in Vector-2022. The developers are still considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML markup used for citations by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] changed last week. In places where Parsoid previously added the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class, Parsoid now also adds the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class for better compatibility with the legacy parser. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1036705]

'''Problems'''
* There was a bug with the Content Translation interface that caused the tools menus to appear in the wrong location. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366374]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The new version of MediaWiki includes another change to the HTML markup used for citations: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] will now generate a &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-cite-backlink&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; wrapper for both named and unnamed references for better compatibility with the legacy parser. Interface administrators should verify that gadgets that interact with citations are compatible with the new markup. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1035809] 
* On multilingual wikis that use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;translate&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; system, there is a feature that shows potentially-outdated translations with a pink background until they are updated or confirmed. From this week, confirming translations will be logged, and there is a new user-right that can be required for confirming translations if the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requests it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49177]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:20, 10 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* People who attempt to add an external link in the visual editor will now receive immediate feedback if they attempt to link to a domain that a project has decided to block. Please see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#11_June_2024|Edit check]] for more details. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366751]
* The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CommunityConfiguration|Community Configuration extension]] is available [[testwiki:Special:CommunityConfiguration|on Test Wikipedia]]. This extension allows communities to customize specific features to meet their local needs. Currently only Growth features are configurable, but the extension will support other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration#Use_cases|Community Configuration use cases]] in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323811][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360954]
* The dark mode [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] is now available on category and help pages, as well as more special pages. There may be contrast issues. Please report bugs on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366370]

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Cloud Services tools were not available for 25 minutes last week. This was caused by a faulty hardware cable in the data center. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2024-06-11_WMCS_Ceph]
* Last week, styling updates were made to the Vector 2022 skin. This caused unforeseen issues with templates, hatnotes, and images. Changes to templates and hatnotes were reverted. Most issues with images were fixed. If you still see any, [[phab:T367463|report them here]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367480]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting June 18, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Edit Check]] will be deployed to [[phab:T361843|a new set of Wikipedias]]. This feature is intended to help newcomers and to assist edit-patrollers by inviting people who are adding new content to a Wikipedia article to add a citation when they do not do so themselves. During [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#Reference_Check_A/B_Test|a test at 11 wikis]], the number of citations added [https://diff.wikimedia.org/?p=127553 more than doubled] when Reference Check was shown to people. Reference Check is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|community configurable]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361843]&lt;!-- NOTE: THE DIFF BLOG WILL BE PUBLISHED ON MONDAY --&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mailing_lists|Mailing lists]] will be unavailable for roughly two hours on Tuesday 10:00–12:00 UTC. This is to enable migration to a new server and upgrade its software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367521]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:48, 17 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Editors will notice that there have been some changes to the background color of text in the diff view, and the color of the byte-change numbers, last week. These changes are intended to make text more readable in both light mode and dark mode, and are part of a larger effort to increase accessibility. You can share your comments or questions [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading|on the project talkpage]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361717]
* The text colors that are used for visited-links, hovered-links, and active-links, were also slightly changed last week to improve their accessibility in both light mode and dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366515]

'''Problems'''
* You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|copy permanent links to talk page comments]] by clicking on a comment's timestamp. [[mw:Talk pages project/Permalinks|This feature]] did not always work when the topic title was very long and the link was used as a wikitext link. This has been fixed. Thanks to Lofhi for submitting the bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356196]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting 26 June, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link at English Wikipedia, making this feature available for you to use at all wikis. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they were linked to, even if this comment has since been moved elsewhere. You can read more about this feature [[DiffBlog:/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/|on Diff]] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365974]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:32, 24 June 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26989424 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Over the next three weeks, dark mode will become available for all users, both logged-in and logged-out, starting with the mobile web version. This fulfils one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2023/Reading/Dark_mode|top-requested community wishes]], and improves low-contrast reading and usage in low-light settings. As part of these changes, dark mode will also work on User-pages and Portals. There is more information in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Updates#June_2024:_Typography_and_dark_mode_deployments,_new_global_preferences|the latest Web team update]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366364]
* Logged-in users can now set [[m:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-skin-skin-prefs|global preferences for the text-size and dark-mode]], thanks to a combined effort across Foundation teams. This allows Wikimedians using multiple wikis to set up a consistent reading experience easily, for example by switching between light and dark mode only once for all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341278] 
* If you use a very old web browser some features might not work on the Wikimedia wikis. This affects Internet Explorer 11 and versions of Chrome, Firefox and Safari older than 2016. This change makes it possible to use new [[d:Q46441|CSS]] features and to send less code to all readers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288287][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:How_to_make_a_MediaWiki_skin#Using_CSS_variables_for_supporting_different_themes_e.g._dark_mode]
* Wikipedia Admins can customize local wiki configuration options easily using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]. Community Configuration was created to allow communities to customize how some features work, because each language wiki has unique needs. At the moment, admins can configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] on their home wikis, in order to better recruit and retain new editors. More options will be provided in the coming months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366458]
* Editors interested in language issues that are related to [[w:en:Unicode|Unicode standards]], can now discuss those topics at [[mw:Talk:WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|a new conversation space in MediaWiki.org]]. The Wikimedia Foundation is now a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|member of the Unicode Consortium]], and the coordination group can collaboratively review the issues discussed and, where appropriate, bring them to the attention of the Unicode Consortium.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[w:btm:|&lt;code&gt;w:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368038] 

'''Problems'''
* Editors can once again click on links within the visual editor's citation-preview, thanks to a bug fix by the Editing Team. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368119]

'''Future changes'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 2 weeks. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:59, 1 July 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27038456 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* At the Wikimedia Foundation a new task force was formed to replace the disabled Graph with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project|more secure, easy to use, and extensible Chart]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Chart Project|subscribe to the newsletter]] to get notified about new project updates and other news about Chart.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension is now available on Meta-wiki, Igbo Wikipedia, and Swahili Wikipedia, and can be requested on your wiki. This extension helps in managing and making events more visible, giving Event organizers the ability to use tools like the Event registration tool. To learn more about the deployment status and how to request this extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status|CampaignEvents page on Meta-wiki]]. 
* Editors using the iOS Wikipedia app who have more than 50 edits can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits#Add an image|Add an Image]] feature. This feature presents opportunities for small but useful contributions to Wikipedia.
* Thank you to [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth/Celebration|all of the authors]] who have contributed to MediaWiki Core. As a result of these contributions, the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth|percentage of authors contributing more than 5 patches has increased by 25% since last year]], which helps ensure the sustainability of the platform for the Wikimedia projects.

'''Problems'''
* A problem with the color of the talkpage tabs always showing as blue, even for non-existent pages which should have been red, affecting the Vector 2022 skin, [[phab:T367982|has been fixed]]. 

'''Future changes'''
* The Trust and Safety Product team wants to introduce [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] with as little disruption to tools and workflows as possible. Volunteer developers, including gadget and user-script maintainers, are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle temporary accounts. The team has [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|created documentation]] explaining how to do the update. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 1 more week. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:31, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 3 more days. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia developers can now officially continue to use both [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]], due to a June 24 decision by the Wikimedia Foundation to support software development on both platforms. Gerrit and GitLab are both code repositories used by developers to write, review, and deploy the software code that supports the MediaWiki software that the wiki projects are built on, as well as the tools used by editors to create and improve content. This decision will safeguard the productivity of our developers and prevent problems in code review from affecting our users. More details are available in the [[mw:GitLab/Migration status|Migration status]] page.
* The Wikimedia Foundation seeks applicants for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). This group will bring technical contributors and Wikimedia Foundation together to co-define a more resilient, future-proof technological platform. Council members will evaluate and consult on the movement's product and technical activities, so that we develop multi-generational projects. We are looking for a range of technical contributors across the globe, from a variety of Wikimedia projects. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal#Joining the PTAC as a technical volunteer|Please apply here by August 10]].
* Editors with rollback user-rights who use the Wikipedia App for Android can use the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Anti Vandalism|Edit Patrol]] features. These features include a new feed of Recent Changes, related links such as Undo and Rollback, and the ability to create and save a personal library of user talk messages to use while patrolling. If your wiki wants to make these features available to users who do not have rollback rights but have reached a certain edit threshold, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android#Contact us|you can contact the team]]. You can [[diffblog:2024/07/10/ِaddressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/|read more about this project on Diff blog]].
* Editors who have access to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The_Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library]] can once again use non-open access content in SpringerLinks, after the Foundation [[phab:T368865|contacted]] them to restore access. You can read more about [[m:Tech/News/Recently_resolved_community_tasks|this and 21 other community-submitted tasks that were completed last week]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* This week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-07 deployments|dark mode will be available on a number of Wikipedias]], both desktop and mobile, for logged-in and logged-out users. Interface admins and user script maintainers are encouraged to check gadgets and user scripts in the dark mode, to find any hard-coded colors and fix them. There are some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations for dark mode compatibility]] to help.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Next week, functionaries, volunteers maintaining tools, and software development teams are invited to test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on testwiki. Temporary accounts is a feature that will help improve privacy on the wikis. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348895]
* Editors who upload files cross-wiki, or teach other people how to do so, may wish to join a Wikimedia Commons discussion. The Commons community is discussing limiting who can upload files through the cross-wiki upload/Upload dialog feature to users auto-confirmed on Wikimedia Commons. This is due to the large amount of copyright violations uploaded this way. There is a short summary at [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Cross-wiki upload|Commons:Cross-wiki upload]] and [[c:Commons:Village pump/Proposals#Deactivate cross-wiki uploads for new users|discussion at Commons:Village Pump]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:31, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature News'''
* Stewards can now [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks|globally block]] accounts. Before [[phab:T17294|the change]] only IP addresses and IP ranges could be blocked globally. Global account blocks are useful when the blocked user should not be logged out. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_locks|Global locks]] (a similar tool logging the user out of their account) are unaffected by this change. The new global account block feature is related to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project, which is a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors that are no longer made public.
* Later this week, Wikimedia site users will notice that the Interface of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) is improved and consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Wikimedia's design system]]. The FlaggedRevs interface experience on mobile and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MinervaNeue|Minerva skin]] was inconsistent before it was fixed and ported to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]] by the WMF Growth team and some volunteers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]
*  Wikimedia site users can now submit account vanishing requests via [[m:Special:GlobalVanishRequest|GlobalVanishRequest]]. This feature is used when a contributor wishes to stop editing forever. It helps you hide your past association and edit to protect your privacy. Once processed, the account will be locked and renamed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367329]
* Have you tried monitoring and addressing vandalism in Wikipedia using your phone? [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/10/%d9%90addressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/ A Diff blog post on Patrolling features in the Mobile App] highlights some of the new capabilities of the feature, including swiping through a feed of recent changes and a personal library of user talk messages for use when patrolling from your phone. 
* Wikimedia contributors and GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives, and museums) organisations can now learn and measure the impact Wikimedia Commons is having towards creating quality encyclopedic content using the [https://doc.wikimedia.org/generated-data-platform/aqs/analytics-api/reference/commons.html Commons Impact Metrics] analytics dashboard. The dashboard offers organizations analytics on things like monthly edits in a category, the most viewed files, and which Wikimedia articles are using Commons images. As a result of these new data dumps, GLAM organisation can more reliably measure their return on investment for programs bringing content into the digital Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/]

'''Project Updates'''
*  Come share your ideas for improving the wikis on the newly reopened [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]]. The Community Wishlist is Wikimedia’s forum for volunteers to share ideas (called wishes) to improve how the wikis work. The new version of the wishlist is always open, works with both wikitext and Visual Editor, and allows wishes in any language.

'''Learn more'''
* Have you ever wondered how Wikimedia software works across over 300 languages? This is 253 languages more than the Google Chrome interface, and it's no accident. The Language and Product Localization Team at the Wikimedia Foundation supports your work by adapting all the tools and interfaces in the MediaWiki software so that contributors in our movement who translate pages and strings can translate them and have the sites in all languages. Read more about the team and their upcoming work on [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/building-towards-a-robust-multilingual-knowledge-ecosystem-for-the-wikimedia-movement/ Diff]. 
* How can Wikimedia build innovative and experimental products while maintaining such heavily used websites? A recent [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/ blog post] by WMF staff Johan Jönsson highlights the work of the [[m:Future Audiences#Objectives and Key Results|WMF Future Audience initiative]], where the goal is not to build polished products but test out new ideas, such as a [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiments: conversational/generative AI|ChatGPT plugin]] and [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiment:Add a Fact|Add a Fact]], to help take Wikimedia into the future. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:04, 23 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors using the Visual Editor in languages that use non-Latin characters for numbers, such as Hindi, Manipuri and Eastern Arabic, may notice some changes in the formatting of reference numbers. This is a side effect of preparing a new sub-referencing feature, and will also allow fixing some general numbering issues in Visual Editor. If you notice any related problems on your wiki, please share details at the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|project talkpage]].

'''Bugs status'''
* Some logged-in editors were briefly unable to edit or load pages last week. [[phab:T370304|These errors]] were mainly due to the addition of new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|linter]] rules which led to caching problems. Fixes have been applied and investigations are continuing.
* Editors can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Information tool]] to get information about IP addresses. This tool is available as a Beta Feature in your preferences. The tool was not available for a few days last week, but is now working again. Thank you to Shizhao for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks#2024-07-25|28 other community-submitted tasks]] that were resolved last week.

'''Project updates'''
* There are new features and improvements to Phabricator from the Release Engineering and Collaboration Services teams, and some volunteers, including: the search systems, the new task creation system, the login systems, the translation setup which has resulted in support for more languages (thanks to Pppery), and fixes for many edge-case errors. You can [[phab:phame/post/view/316/iterative_improvements/|read details about these and other improvements in this summary]].
* There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|update on the Charts project]]. The team has decided which visualization library to use, which chart types to start focusing on, and where to store chart definitions.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9056|Czech]] ([[voy:cs:|&lt;code&gt;voy:cs:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370905] 

'''Learn more'''
* There is a [[diffblog:2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/|new Wikimedia Foundation data center]] in São Paulo, Brazil which helps to reduce load times.
* There is new [[diffblog:2024/07/22/the-perplexing-process-of-uploading-images-to-wikipedia/|user research]] on problems with the process of uploading images.
* Commons Impact Metrics are [[diffblog:2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/|now available]] via data dumps and API.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/July|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:10, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Two new parser functions will be available this week: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#dir|#dir]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#bcp47|#bcp47]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. These will reduce the need for &lt;code&gt;Template:Dir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Template:BCP47&lt;/code&gt; on Commons and allow us to [[phab:T343131|drop 100 million rows]] from the &quot;what links here&quot; database. Editors at any wiki that use these templates, can help by replacing the templates with these new functions. The templates at Commons will be updated during the Hackathon at Wikimania. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359761][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366623]
* Communities can request the activation of the visual editor on entire namespaces where discussions sometimes happen (for instance ''Wikipedia:'' or ''Wikisource:'' namespaces) if they understand the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/FAQ#WPNS|known limitations]]. For discussions, users can already use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] in these namespaces.
* The tracking category &quot;Pages using Timeline&quot; has been renamed to &quot;Pages using the EasyTimeline extension&quot; [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3ATimeline-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 in TranslateWiki]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match.

'''Project updates'''
* Editors who help to organize WikiProjects and similar on-wiki collaborations, are invited to share ideas and examples of successful collaborations with the Campaigns and Programs teams. You can fill out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/WikiProjects|a brief survey]] or share your thoughts [[m:Talk:Campaigns/WikiProjects|on the talkpage]]. The teams are particularly looking for details about successful collaborations on non-English wikis.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The new parser is being rolled out on {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} wikis over the next few months. The {{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage}} and {{int:project-localized-name-hewikivoyage}} were [[phab:T365367|switched]] to Parsoid last week. For more information, see [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]].

'''Learn more'''
* There will be more than 200 sessions at Wikimania this week. Here is a summary of some of the [[diffblog:2024/08/05/interested-in-product-and-tech-here-are-some-wikimania-sessions-you-dont-want-to-miss/|key sessions related to the product and technology area]].
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/07-02|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/July|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New design previews for Translatable pages; Updates about MinT for Wiki Readers; the release of Translation dumps; and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/31|Growth newsletter]] is available.
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/July 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:43, 5 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] editors and maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Actions#Show a CAPTCHA|make a CAPTCHA show if a filter matches an edit]]. This allows communities to quickly respond to spamming by automated bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T20110]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|Stewards]] can now specify if global blocks should prevent account creation. Before [[phab:T17273|this change]] by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product]] Team, all global blocks would prevent account creation. This will allow stewards to reduce the unintended side-effects of global blocks on IP addresses.

'''Project updates'''
* [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#August_2024_committee_nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new members to refresh the [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]]. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open until at least 2024-08-26.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2880037|West Coast Bajau]] ([[w:bdr:|&lt;code&gt;w:bdr:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371757]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 12 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who want to re-use references but with different details such as page numbers, will be able to do so by the end of 2024, using a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Sub-referencing in a nutshell|sub-referencing]] feature. You can read more [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|about the project]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|how to test the prototype]].
* Editors using tracking categories to identify which pages use specific extensions may notice that six of the categories have been renamed to make them more easily understood and consistent. These categories are automatically added to pages that use specialized MediaWiki extensions. The affected names are for: [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aintersection-category&amp;namespace=8 DynamicPageList], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Akartographer-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Kartographer], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aphonos-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Phonos], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Arss-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 RSS], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Ascore-use-category&amp;namespace=8 Score], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Awikihiero-usage-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 WikiHiero]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match. Thanks to Pppery for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347324]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Technical volunteers who edit modules and want to get a list of the categories used on a page, can now do so using the &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;categories&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; property of &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Title objects|mw.title objects]]&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This enables wikis to configure workflows such as category-specific edit notices. Thanks to SD001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T50175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85372]

'''Bugs status'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Your help is needed to check if any pages need to be moved or deleted. A maintenance script was run to clean up unreachable pages (due to Unicode issues or introduction of new namespaces/namespace aliases). The script tried to find appropriate names for the pages (e.g. by following the Unicode changes or by moving pages whose titles on Wikipedia start with &lt;code&gt;Talk:WP:&lt;/code&gt; so that their titles start with &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia talk:&lt;/code&gt;), but it may have failed for some pages, and moved them to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[Special:PrefixIndex/T195546/]]&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Your community should check if any pages are listed there, and move them to the correct titles, or delete them if they are no longer needed. A full log (including pages for which appropriate names could be found) is available in [[phab:P67388]].
* Editors who volunteer as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|mentors]] to newcomers on their wiki are once again able to access lists of potential mentees who they can connect with to offer help and guidance. This functionality was restored thanks to [[phab:T372164|a bug fix]]. Thank you to Mbch331 for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and 18 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* The application deadline for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product &amp; Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC) has been extended to September 16. Members will help by providing advice to Foundation Product and Technology leadership on short and long term plans, on complex strategic problems, and help to get feedback from more contributors and technical communities. Selected members should expect to spend roughly 5 hours per month for the Council, during the one year pilot. Please consider applying, and spread the word to volunteers you think would make a positive contribution to the committee.

'''Learn more'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award#2024 Winners|2024 Coolest Tool Awards]] were awarded at Wikimania, in seven categories. For example, one award went to the ISA Tool, used for adding structured data to files on Commons, which was recently improved during the [[m:Event:Wiki Mentor Africa ISA Hackathon 2024|Wiki Mentor Africa Hackathon]]. You can see video demonstrations of each tool at the awards page. Congratulations to this year's recipients, and thank you to all tool creators and maintainers.
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/08-01|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available, and includes some highlights from Wikimania, an upcoming Language community meeting, and other news from the movement.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:54, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Administrators can now test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on test2wiki. This was done to allow cross-wiki testing of temporary accounts, for when temporary accounts switch between projects. The feature was enabled on testwiki a few weeks ago. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Temporary Accounts is a project to create a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors which are no longer made public. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]].
* Later this week, editors at wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) may notice that the indicators at the top of articles have changed. This change makes the system more consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Bugs status'''
* Editors who use the 2010 wikitext editor, and use the Character Insert buttons, will [[phab:T361465|no longer]] experience problems with the buttons adding content into the edit-summary instead of the edit-window. You can read more about that, and 26 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Please review and vote on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas|Focus Areas]], which are groups of wishes that share a problem. Focus Areas were created for the newly reopened Community Wishlist, which is now open year-round for submissions. The first batch of focus areas are specific to moderator workflows, around welcoming newcomers, minimizing repetitive tasks, and prioritizing tasks. Once volunteers have reviewed and voted on focus areas, the Foundation will then review and select focus areas for prioritization.
* Do you have a project and are willing to provide a three (3) month mentorship for an intern? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Outreachy|Outreachy]] is a twice a year program for people to participate in a paid internship that will start in December 2024 and end in early March 2025, and they need mentors and projects to work on. Projects can be focused on coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, research). See the Outreachy page for more details, and a list of past projects since 2013.

'''Learn more'''
* If you're curious about the product and technology improvements made by the Wikimedia Foundation last year, read [[diffblog:2024/08/21/wikimedia-foundation-product-technology-improving-the-user-experience/|this recent highlights summary on Diff]].
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together.webm|Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together]] (55 mins) - about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Belgrade - Day 1 - Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views.webm|Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views]] (30 mins) - an overview for both technical and non technical audiences, covering some of the challenges and open questions, related to the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights|platform evolution, stewardship and developer experiences]] research.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:33, 26 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Editors and volunteer developers interested in data visualisation can now test the new software for charts. Its early version is available on beta Commons and beta Wikipedia. This is an important milestone before making charts available on regular wikis. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|read more about this project update]] and help to test the charts.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who use the [[{{#special:Unusedtemplates}}]] page can now filter out pages which are expected to be there permanently, such as sandboxes, test-cases, and templates that are always substituted. Editors can add the new magic word [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE|&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;]] to a template page to hide it from the listing. Thanks to Sophivorus and DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184633]
* Editors who use the New Topic tool on discussion pages, will [[phab:T334163|now be reminded]] to add a section header, which should help reduce the quantity of newcomers who add sections without a header. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:28}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Last week, some Toolforge tools had occasional connection problems. The cause is still being investigated, but the problems have been resolved for now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373243]
* Translation administrators at multilingual wikis, when editing multiple translation units, can now easily mark which changes require updates to the translation. This is possible with the [[phab:T298852#10087288|new dropdown menu]].

'''Project updates'''
* A new draft text of a policy discussing the use of Wikimedia's APIs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/API Policy Update 2024|has been published on Meta-Wiki]]. The draft text does not reflect a change in policy around the APIs; instead, it is an attempt to codify existing API rules. Comments, questions, and suggestions are welcome on [[m:Talk:API Policy Update 2024|the proposed update’s talk page]] until September 13 or until those discussions have concluded.

'''Learn more'''
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization.webm|Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization]] (25 mins) – about the above-mentioned Charts project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 3 - State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia.webm|State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia]] (90 mins) – about some of the language tools that support Wikimedia sites, such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content]]/[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section Translation]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MinT|MinT]], and LanguageConverter; also the current state and future of languages onboarding. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368772]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:07, 3 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Starting this week, the standard [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will receive new colors that make them compatible in dark mode. This is the first of many changes to come as part of a major upgrade to syntax highlighting. You can learn more about what's to come on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365311][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Editors of wikis using Wikidata will now be notified of only relevant Wikidata changes in their watchlist. This is because the Lua functions &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;entity:getSitelink()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will have their logic unified for tracking different aspects of sitelinks to reduce junk notifications from [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Projects/Watchlist Wikidata Sitelinks Tracking|inconsistent sitelinks tracking]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295356]

'''Project updates'''
*  Users of all Wikis will have access to Wikimedia sites as read-only for a few minutes on September 25, starting at 15:00 UTC. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]
* Contributors of [[phab:T363538#10123348|11 Wikipedias]], including English will have a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespace added to their Wikipedias. This improvement ensures that links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; (usually shortcuts to the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]) are not broken by [[w:en:Mooré|Mooré]] Wikipedia (language code &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Improvements and Maintenance'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Editors interested in templates can help by reading the latest Wishlist focus area, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template recall and discovery]], and share your feedback on the talkpage. This input helps the Community Tech team to decide the right technical approach to build. Everyone is also encouraged to continue adding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|new wishes]].
* The new automated [[{{#special:NamespaceInfo}}]] page helps editors understand which [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] exist on each wiki, and some details about how they are configured. Thanks to DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263513]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|References Check]] is a feature that encourages editors to add a citation when they add a new paragraph to a Wikipedia article. For a short time, the corresponding tag &quot;Edit Check (references) activated&quot; was erroneously being applied to some edits outside of the main namespace. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373692]
* It is now possible for a wiki community to change the order in which a page’s categories are displayed on their wiki. By default, categories are displayed in the order they appear in the wikitext. Now, wikis with a consensus to do so can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|request]] a configuration change to display them in alphabetical order. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373480]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool authors can now access ToolsDB's [[wikitech:Portal:Data Services#ToolsDB|public databases]] from both [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry|Quarry]] and [[wikitech:Superset|Superset]]. Those databases have always been accessible to every [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] user, but they are now more broadly accessible, as Quarry can be accessed by anyone with a Wikimedia account. In addition, Quarry's internal database can now be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry#Querying Quarry's own database|queried from Quarry itself]]. This database contains information about all queries that are being run and starred by users in Quarry. This information was already public through the web interface, but you can now query it using SQL. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:20}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Any pages or tools that still use the very old CSS classes &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-message-box&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; need to be updated. These old classes will be removed next week or soon afterwards. Editors can use a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-message-box&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=&amp;title= global-search] to determine what needs to be changed. It is possible to use the newer &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cdx-message&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; group of classes as a replacement (see [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/components/demos/message.html#css-only-version the relevant Codex documentation], and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Header&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=27449042 an example update]), but using locally defined onwiki classes would be best. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374499]

'''Technical project updates'''
* Next week, all Wikimedia wikis will be read-only for a few minutes. This will start on September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This maintenance process also targets other services.]] The previous switchover took 3 minutes, and the Site Reliability Engineering teams use many tools to make sure that this essential maintenance work happens as quickly as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]

'''Tech in depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/August 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes details about: research about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Hooks|hook]] handlers to help simplify development, research about performance improvements, work to improve the REST API for end-users, and more.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: 
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Auditorium Kyiv - Day 4 - Hackathon Showcase.webm|Hackathon Showcase]] (45 mins) - 19 short presentations by some of the Hackathon participants, describing some of the projects they worked on, such as automated testing of maintenance scripts, a video-cutting command line tool, and interface improvements for various tools. There are [[phab:T369234|more details and links available]] in the Phabricator task.
** [[c:File:Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem.webm|Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem]] (40 mins) - a roundtable discussion for tool-maintainers, users, and supporters of Toolforge about how to make the platform sustainable and how to evaluate the tools available there.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:02, 17 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. Reading the wikis will not be interrupted, but editing will be paused. These twice-yearly processes allow WMF's site reliability engineering teams to remain prepared to keep the wikis functioning even in the event of a major interruption to one of our data centers.

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Add alt text from a halfsheet, with the article behind.png|thumb|A screenshot of the interface for the Alt Text suggested-edit feature]]
* Editors who use the iOS Wikipedia app in Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Chinese, may see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|Alt Text suggested-edit experiment]] after editing an article, or completing a suggested edit using &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project#Hypothesis 2 Add an Image Suggested Edit|Add an image]]&quot;. Alt-text helps people with visual impairments to read Wikipedia articles. The team aims to learn if adding alt-text to images is a task that editors can be successful with. Please share any feedback on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|the discussion page]].
* The Codex color palette has been updated with new and revised colors for the MediaWiki user interfaces. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design System Team/Color/Design documentation#Updates|most noticeable changes]] for editors include updates for: dark mode colors for Links and for quiet Buttons (progressive and destructive), visited Link colors for both light and dark modes, and background colors for system-messages in both light and dark modes.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] It is now possible to include clickable wikilinks and external links inside code blocks. This includes links that are used within &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags and on code pages (JavaScript, CSS, Scribunto and Sanitized CSS). Uses of template syntax &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; are also linked to the template page. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368166]
* Two bugs were fixed in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Account vanishing|GlobalVanishRequest]] system by improving the logging and by removing an incorrect placeholder message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370595][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T372223]
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] From [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]]: 
** The API now enables 5,000 on-demand API requests per month and twice-monthly HTML snapshots freely (gratis and libre). More information on the updates and also improvements to the software development kits (SDK) are explained on [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ the project's blog post]. While Wikimedia Enterprise APIs are designed for high-volume commercial reusers, this change enables many more community use-cases to be built on the service too.
** The Snapshot API (html dumps) have added beta Structured Contents endpoints ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/ blog post on that]) as well as released two beta datasets (English and French Wikipedia) from that endpoint to Hugging Face for public use and feedback ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/hugging-face-dataset/ blog post on that]). These pre-parsed data sets enable new options for researchers, developers, and data scientists to use and study the content.

'''In depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) is used to get answers to questions using the Wikidata data set. As Wikidata grows, we had to make a major architectural change so that WDQS could remain performant. As part of the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split project]], we have new SPARQL endpoints available for serving the &quot;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org scholarly]&quot; and &quot;[https://query-main.wikidata.org main]&quot; subgraphs of Wikidata. The [http://query.wikidata.org query.wikidata.org endpoint] will continue to serve the full Wikidata graph until March 2025. After this date, it will only serve the main graph. For more information, please see [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|the announcement on Wikidata]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:36, 23 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Readers of [[phab:T375401|42 more wikis]] can now use Dark Mode. If the option is not yet available for logged-out users of your wiki, this is likely because many templates do not yet display well in Dark Mode. Please use the [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ night-mode-checker tool] if you are interested in helping to reduce the number of issues. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations page]] provides guidance on this. Dark Mode is enabled on additional wikis once per month.
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor as their default can access features from the 2017 wikitext editor by adding &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;?veaction=editsource&lt;/code&gt; to the URL. If you would like to enable the 2017 wikitext editor as your default, it can be set in [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-newwikitext|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239796]
* For logged-out readers using the Vector 2022 skin, the &quot;donate&quot; link has been moved from a collapsible menu next to the content area into a more prominent top menu, next to &quot;Create an account&quot;. This restores the link to the level of prominence it had in the Vector 2010 skin. [[mw:Readers/2024 Reader and Donor Experiences#Donor Experiences (Key Result WE 3.2 and the related hypotheses)|Learn more]] about the changes related to donor experiences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373585]
* The CampaignEvents extension provides tools for organizers to more easily manage events, communicate with participants, and promote their events on the wikis. The extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|enabled]] on Arabic Wikipedia, Igbo Wikipedia, Swahili Wikipedia, and Meta-Wiki. [[w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/其他#引進CampaignEvents擴充功能|Chinese Wikipedia has decided]] to enable the extension, and discussions on the extension are in progress [[w:es:Wikipedia:Votaciones/2024/Sobre la política de Organizadores de Eventos|on Spanish Wikipedia]] and [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Enabling the CampaignEvents Extention on Wikidata|on Wikidata]]. To learn how to enable the extension on your wiki, you can visit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|the CampaignEvents page on Meta-Wiki]].
* View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers with an account on Wikitech-wiki should [[wikitech:Wikitech/SUL-migration|check if any action is required]] for their accounts. The wiki is being changed to use the single-user-login (SUL) system, and other configuration changes. This change will help reduce the overall complexity for the weekly software updates across all our wikis.

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|server switch]] was completed successfully last week with a read-only time of [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Past Switches|only 2 minutes 46 seconds]]. This periodic process makes sure that engineers can switch data centers and keep all of the wikis available for readers, even if there are major technical issues. It also gives engineers a chance to do maintenance and upgrades on systems that normally run 24 hours a day, and often helps to reveal weaknesses in the infrastructure. The process involves dozens of software services and hundreds of hardware servers, and requires multiple teams working together. Work over the past few years has reduced the time from 17 minutes down to 2–3 minutes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/66ZW7B2MG63AESQVTXDIFQBDBS766JGW/]

'''Meetings and events'''
* October 4–6: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiIndaba conference 2024|WikiIndaba Conference's Hackathon]] in Johannesburg, South Africa
* November 4–6: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] in Vienna, Austria

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:20, 30 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities can now request installation of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]] on their wiki. Automoderator is an automated anti-vandalism tool that reverts bad edits based on scores from the new &quot;Revert Risk&quot; machine learning model. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AutoModerator/Deploying|read details about the necessary steps]] for installation and configuration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336934]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Translators in wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|the mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now customize their articles suggestion list from 41 filtering options when using the tool. This topic-based article suggestion feature makes it easy for translators to self-discover relevant articles based on their area of interest and translate them. You can [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions try it with your mobile device]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368422]
* View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* It is now possible for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; code blocks to offer readers a &quot;Copy&quot; button if the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;copy=1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight#copy|set on the tag]]. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40932]
* Customized copyright footer messages on all wikis will be updated. The new versions will use wikitext markup instead of requiring editing raw HTML. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375789]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this month, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] will be rolled out on several pilot wikis. The final list of the wikis will be published in the second half of the month. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on [[phab:T376499|these 11 wikis]], and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Rate limiting has been enabled for the code review tools [[Wikitech:Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[Wikitech:GitLab|GitLab]] to address ongoing issues caused by malicious traffic and scraping. Clients that open too many concurrent connections will be restricted for a few minutes. This rate limiting is managed through [[Wikitech:nftables|nftables]] firewall rules. For more details, see Wikitech's pages on [[Wikitech:Firewall#Throttling with nftables|Firewall]], [[Wikitech:GitLab/Abuse and rate limiting|GitLab limits]] and [[Wikitech:Gerrit/Operations#Throttling IPs|Gerrit operations]].
* Five new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q49224|Komering]] ([[w:kge:|&lt;code&gt;w:kge:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374813]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36096|Mooré]] ([[m:mos:|&lt;code&gt;m:mos:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374641]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[wikt:mad:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:mad:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374968]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q2501174|Gorontalo]] ([[q:gor:|&lt;code&gt;q:gor:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375088]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikinews}} in [[d:Q56482|Shan]] ([[n:shn:|&lt;code&gt;n:shn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375430]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:42, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is starting to be removed. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|A first set of wikis]] are being contacted. These wikis are invited to stop using Flow, and to move all Flow boards to sub-pages, as archives. At these wikis, a script will move all Flow pages that aren't a sub-page to a sub-page automatically, starting on 22 October 2024. On 28 October 2024, all Flow boards at these wikis will be set in read-only mode. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370722]
* WMF's Search Platform team is working on making it easier for readers to perform text searches in their language. A [[phab:T332342|change last week]] on over 30 languages makes it easier to find words with accents and other diacritics. This applies to both full-text search and to types of advanced search such as the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''hastemplate''&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''incategory''&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. More technical details (including a few other minor search upgrades) are available. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:TJones_%28WMF%29/Notes/Language_Analyzer_Harmonization_Notes#ASCII-folding/ICU-folding_%28T332342%29]
* View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|EditCheck]] was installed at Russian Wikipedia, and fixes were made for some missing user interface styles.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editors who use the Toolforge tool [[toolforge:copyvios|Earwig's Copyright Violation Detector]] will now be required to log in with their Wikimedia account before running checks using the &quot;search engine&quot; option. This change is needed to help prevent external bots from misusing the system. Thanks to Chlod for these improvements. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers#Authentication_is_now_required_for_search_engine_checks_on_Earwig's_Copyvio_Tool]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] users can create tickets and add comments on existing tickets via Email again. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator/Help#Using email|Sending email to Phabricator]] has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356077]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Some HTML elements in the interface are now wrapped with a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element, to make our HTML output more aligned with Web standards. More changes like this will be coming in future weeks. This change might break some tools that rely on the previous HTML structure of the interface. Note that relying on the HTML structure of the interface is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Stable interface policy/Frontend#What is not stable?|not recommended]] and might break at any time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375975]

'''In depth'''
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/September 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes: updates on Wikimedia's authentication system, research to simplify feature development in the MediaWiki platform, updates on Parser Unification and MathML rollout, and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/October|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition include: research about improving topic suggestions related to countries, improvements to PHPUnit tests, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:21, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Mobile Apps team has released an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh#Phase 1: Creating a user Profile Menu (T373714)|update]] to the iOS app's navigation, and it is now available in the latest App store version. The team added a new Profile menu that allows for easy access to editor features like Notifications and Watchlist from the Article view, and brings the &quot;Donate&quot; button into a more accessible place for users who are reading an article. This is the first phase of a larger planned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh|navigation refresh]] to help the iOS app transition from a primarily reader-focused app, to an app that fully supports reading and editing. The Wikimedia Foundation has added more editing features and support for on-wiki communication based on volunteer requests in recent years.
[[File:IOS App Navigation refresh first phase 05.png|thumb|iOS Wikipedia App's profile menu and contents]]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikipedia readers can now download a browser extension to experiment with some early ideas on potential features that recommend articles for further reading, automatically summarize articles, and improve search functionality. For more details and to stay updated, check out the Web team's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments|Content Discovery Experiments page]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Web team's projects|subscribe to their newsletter]].
* Later this month, logged-out editors of [[phab:T376499|these 12 wikis]] will start to have [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] created. The list may slightly change - some wikis may be removed but none will be added. Temporary account is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User account types|type of user account]]. It enhances the logged-out editors' privacy and makes it easier for community members to communicate with them. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on these 12 wikis, and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. Read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|deployment plan across all wikis]].
* View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[w:nr:Main Page|South Ndebele]], [[w:rsk:Главни бок|Pannonian Rusyn]], [[w:ann:Uwu|Obolo]], [[w:iba:Lambar Keterubah|Iban]] and [[w:tdd:ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥲ ᥖᥥᥰ|Tai Nüa]] Wikipedia languages were created last week. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36785][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35660][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36614][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33424][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36556]
* It is now possible to create functions on Wikifunctions using Wikidata lexemes, through the new [[f:Z6005|Wikidata lexeme type]] launched last week. When you go to one of these functions, the user interface provides a lexeme selector that helps you pick a lexeme from Wikidata that matches the word you type. After hitting run, your selected lexeme is retrieved from Wikidata, transformed into a Wikidata lexeme type, and passed into the selected function. Read more about this in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17#Function of the Week: select representation from lexeme|the latest Wikifunctions newsletter]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Users of the Wikimedia sites can now format dates more easily in different languages with the new &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef|#timef]]:…}}&lt;/code&gt; parser function. For example, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will show as &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. Previously, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#time:…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; could be used to format dates, but this required knowledge of the order of the time and date components and their intervening punctuation. &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timef&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timefl&lt;/code&gt; for local time) provides access to the standard date formats that MediaWiki uses in its user interface. This may help to simplify some templates on multi-lingual wikis like Commons and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223772][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Commons and Meta users can now efficiently [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Localization|retrieve the user's language]] using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{USERLANGUAGE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead of using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:lang}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T4085]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Tech Advisory Council]] (PTAC) now has its pilot members with representation across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. They will work to address the [[Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Technology Council|Movement Strategy's Technology Council]] initiative of having a co-defined and more resilient technological platform. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy/Initiatives/Technology_Council]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/32|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: an upcoming Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module, new Community Configuration options, and details on new projects.
* The Wikimedia Foundation is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Security Team#CNA Partnership|now an official partner of the CVE program]], which is an international effort to catalog publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This partnership will allow the Security Team to instantly publish [[w:en:Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures|common vulnerabilities and exposures]] (CVE) records that are affecting MediaWiki core, extensions, and skins, along with any other code the Foundation is a steward of.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] is now [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#October 16, 2024: Conversations Made Easier: Machine-Translated Wishes Are Here!|testing machine translations]] for Wishlist content. Volunteers can now read machine-translated versions of wishes and dive into discussions even before translators arrive to translate content.

'''Meetings and events'''
* 24 October - Wiki Education Speaker Series Webinar - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/N4XTB4G55BUY3M3PNGUAKQWJ7A4UOPAK/ Open Source Tech: Building the Wiki Education Dashboard], featuring Wikimedia interns and a Web developer in the panel.
* 20–22 December 2024 - [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]] in Odisha, India. A hackathon for community members, including developers, designers and content editors, to build technical solutions that improve contributors' experiences.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:52, 21 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Later in November, the Charts extension will be deployed to the test wikis in order to help identify and fix any issue. A security review is underway to then enable deployment to pilot wikis for broader testing. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#October 2024: Working towards production deployment|the October project update]] and see the [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Charts latest documentation and examples on Beta Wikipedia].
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[w:en:PediaPress|Pediapress.com]], an external service that creates books from Wikipedia, can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Maps|Wikimedia Maps]] to include existing pre-rendered infobox map images in their printed books on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375761]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikis can use [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|the Guided Tour extension]] to help newcomers understand how to edit. The Guided Tours extension now works with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Dark mode|dark mode]]. Guided Tour maintainers can check their tours to see that nothing looks odd. They can also set &lt;code&gt;emitTransitionOnStep&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; to fix an old bug. They can use the new flag &lt;code&gt;allowAutomaticBack&lt;/code&gt; to avoid back-buttons they don't want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73927#10241528]
*  Administrators in the Wikimedia projects who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Nuke|Nuke Extension]] will notice that mass deletions done with this tool have the &quot;Nuke&quot; tag. This change will make reviewing and analyzing deletions performed with the tool easier. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366068]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:56, 28 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Stewards can now make [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks|global account blocks]] cause global [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblocks]]. This will assist stewards in preventing abuse from users who have been globally blocked. This includes preventing globally blocked temporary accounts from exiting their session or switching browsers to make subsequent edits for 24 hours. Previously, temporary accounts could exit their current session or switch browsers to continue editing. This is an anti-abuse tool improvement for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project. You can read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|progress on key features for temporary accounts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368949]
* Wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]] can now use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event list#October 29, 2024: Collaboration List launched|Collaboration List]] feature. This list provides a new, easy way for contributors to learn about WikiProjects on their wikis. Thanks to the Campaign team for this work that is part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product %26 Technology OKRs#WE KRs|the 2024/25 annual plan]]. If you are interested in bringing the CampaignEvents extension to your wiki, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|follow these steps]] or you can reach out to User:Udehb-WMF for help.
* The text color for red links will be slightly changed later this week to improve their contrast in light mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370446]
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, on multilingual wikis, users [[phab:T216368|can now]] hide translations from the WhatLinksHere special page.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* XML [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Data dumps|data dumps]] have been temporarily paused whilst a bug is investigated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/BXWJDPO5QI2QMBCY7HO36ELDCRO6HRM4/]

'''In depth'''
* Temporary Accounts have been deployed to six wikis; thanks to the Trust and Safety Product team for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|this work]], you can read about [[phab:T340001|the deployment plans]]. Beginning next week, Temporary Accounts will also be enabled on [[phab:T378336|seven other projects]]. If you are active on these wikis and need help migrating your tools, please reach out to [[m:User:Udehb-WMF|User:Udehb-WMF]] for assistance.
*  The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/October|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available.  It includes: New languages supported in translatewiki or in MediaWiki; New keyboard input methods for some languages; details about recent and upcoming meetings, and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] is happening in Vienna, Austria and online from 4 to 6 November 2024. The conference will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:50, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] enabled, users will notice that the FuzzyBot will now automatically create translated versions of categories used on translated pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285463]
* View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the submitted task to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SecurePoll|SecurePoll extension]] for English Wikipedia's special [[w:en:Wikipedia:Administrator elections|administrator election]] was resolved on time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371454] 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] In &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:MediaWiki_1.44/wmf.2|1.44.0-wmf-2]]&lt;/code&gt;, the logic of Wikibase function &lt;code&gt;getAllStatements&lt;/code&gt; changed to behave like &lt;code&gt;getBestStatements&lt;/code&gt;. Invoking the function now returns a copy of values which are immutable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270851]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. The API will be rerouting some page content endpoints from RESTbase to the newer [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST API]] endpoints. The [[phab:T374683|impacted endpoints]] include getting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content. These changes will be available on testwiki later this week, with other projects to follow. This change should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints should verify behavior on testwiki, and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]].

'''In depth'''
* Admins and users of the Wikimedia projects [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator_Tools/Automoderator#Usage|where Automoderator is enabled]] can now monitor and evaluate important metrics related to Automoderator's actions. [https://superset.wmcloud.org/superset/dashboard/unified-automoderator-activity-dashboard/ This Superset dashboard] calculates and aggregates metrics about Automoderator's behaviour on the projects in which it is deployed. Thanks to the Moderator Tools team for this Dashboard; you can visit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator/Unified Activity Dashboard|the documentation page]] for more information about this work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369488]

'''Meetings and events'''
* 21 November 2024 ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] &amp; [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]) - [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Community call]] with Wikimedia Commons volunteers and stakeholders to help prioritize support efforts for 2025-2026 Fiscal Year. The theme of this call is how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:07, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of Wikimedia sites will now be warned when they create a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects|redirect]] to a page that doesn't exist. This will reduce the number of broken redirects to red links in our projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326057]
* View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Overview|Pywikibot]], which automates work on MediaWiki sites, was upgraded to 9.5.0 on Toolforge. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378676]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* On wikis that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]], pages created or moved by users with the appropriate permissions are marked as flagged automatically. This feature has not been working recently, and changes fixing it should be deployed this week. Thanks to Daniel and Wargo for working on this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379218][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368380]

'''In depth'''
* There is a new [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/11/05/say-hi-to-temporary-accounts-easier-collaboration-with-logged-out-editors-with-better-privacy-protection Diff post] about Temporary Accounts, available in more than 15 languages. Read it to learn about what Temporary Accounts are, their impact on different groups of users, and the plan to introduce the change on all wikis.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Technical volunteers can now register for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which will take place in Istanbul, Turkey. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/hackathon2025/ Application for travel and accommodation scholarships] is open from '''November 12 to December 10 2024'''. The registration for the event will close in mid-April 2025. The Wikimedia Hackathon is an annual gathering that unites the global technical community to collaborate on existing projects and explore new ideas.
* Join the [[C:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF%20support%20for%20Commons/Commons%20community%20calls|Wikimedia Commons community calls]] this week to help prioritize support for Commons which will be planned for 2025–2026. The theme will be how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. This is an opportunity for volunteers who work on different things to come together and talk about what matters for the future of the project. The calls will take place '''November 21, 2024, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]'''.
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place '''November 29, 16:00 UTC''' to discuss updates and technical problem-solving.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:00, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27806858 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new version of the standard wikitext editor-mode [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will be available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] later this week. This brings many new features and bug fixes, including right-to-left support, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Template folding|template folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and an improved search panel. You can learn more on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]].
* The 2010 wikitext editor now supports common keyboard shortcuts such &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for bold and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;I&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for italics. A full [[mw:Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|list of all six shortcuts]] is available. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62928]
* Starting November 28, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;bswiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;elwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;euwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiquote&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiversity&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikivoyage&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;idwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;lvwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;plwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;ptwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;urwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;viwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. 
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a user creating a new AbuseFilter can now only set the filter to &quot;protected&quot; [[phab:T377765|if it includes a protected variable]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]], which can be used in JavaScript, CSS, JSON, and Lua pages, [[phab:T377663|now offers]] live autocompletion. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. The feature can be temporarily disabled on a page by pressing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and un-selecting &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Live Autocompletion&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool-maintainers who use the Graphite system for tracking metrics, need to migrate to the newer Prometheus system. They can check [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/K6DEOo5Ik/grafana-graphite-datasource-utilization?orgId=1 this dashboard] and the list in the Description of the [[phab:T350592|task T350592]] to see if their tools are listed, and they should claim metrics and dashboards connected to their tools. They can then disable or migrate all existing metrics by following the instructions in the task. The Graphite service will become read-only in April. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KLUV4IOLRYXPQFWD6WKKJUHMWE77BMSZ/]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/NewPP parser report|New PreProcessor parser performance report]] has been fixed to give an accurate count for the number of Wikibase entities accessed. It had previously been resetting after 400 entities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279069]

'''Meetings and events'''
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place November 29 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000 16:00 UTC]. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Mooré Wikipedia, the language support track at [[m:Wiki Indaba|Wiki Indaba]], and a report from the Wayuunaiki community on their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community over the last 3 years. This meeting will be in English and will also have Spanish interpretation.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 25 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27847039 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Two new parser functions were added this week. The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interwikilink|#interwikilink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interwiki links|interwiki link]] and the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interlanguagelink|#interlanguagelink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interlanguage links|interlanguage link]]. These parser functions are useful on wikis where namespaces conflict with interwiki prefixes. For example, links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; on English Wikipedia [[phab:T363538|conflict with the &lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt; language code prefix of Mooré Wikipedia]].
* Starting this week, Wikimedia wikis no longer support connections using old RSA-based HTTPS certificates, specifically rsa-2048. This change is to improve security for all users. Some older, unsupported browser or smartphone devices will be unable to connect; Instead, they will display a connectivity error. See the [[wikitech:HTTPS/Browser_Recommendations|HTTPS Browser Recommendations page]] for more-detailed information. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CTYEHVNSXUD3NFAAMG3BLZVTVQWJXJAH/]
* Starting December 16, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;arwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;cawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;mediawikiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;orwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiktionary&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wikidatawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380910]
* This month the Chart extension was deployed to production and is now available on Commons and Testwiki. With the security review complete, pilot wiki deployment is expected to start in the first week of December. You can see a working version [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug with the &quot;Download as PDF&quot; system was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376438]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* In late February, temporary accounts will be rolled out on at least 10 large wikis. This deployment will have a significant effect on the community-maintained code. This is about Toolforge tools, bots, gadgets, and user scripts that use IP address data or that are available for logged-out users. The Trust and Safety Product team wants to identify this code, monitor it, and assist in updating it ahead of the deployment to minimize disruption to workflows. The team asks technical editors and volunteer developers to help identify such tools by adding them to [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/Impacted tools|this list]]. In addition, review the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|updated documentation]] to learn how to adjust the tools. Join the discussions on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|project talk page]] or in the [[discord:channels/221049808784326656/1227616742340034722|dedicated thread]] on the [[w:Wikipedia:Discord|Wikimedia Community Discord server (in English)]] for support and to share feedback. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:22, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Technical documentation contributors can find updated resources, and new ways to connect with each other and the Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team, at the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Documentation|Documentation hub]] on MediaWiki.org. This page links to: resources for writing and improving documentation, a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#wikimedia-techdocs&lt;/bdi&gt; IRC channel on libera.chat, a listing of past and upcoming documentation events, and ways to request a documentation consultation or review. If you have any feedback or ideas for improvements to the documentation ecosystem, please [[mw:Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team#Contact us|contact the Technical Documentation Team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Edit Check on Desktop.png|thumb|Layout change for the Edit Check feature]]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] will be relocated to a sidebar on desktop. Edit check is the feature for new editors to help them follow policies and guidelines. This layout change creates space to present people with [[mw:Edit check#1 November 2024|new Checks]] that appear ''while'' they are typing. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#Reference Check A/B Test|initial results]] show newcomers encountering Edit Check are 2.2 times more likely to publish a new content edit that includes a reference and is not reverted.
* The Chart extension, which enables editors to create data visualizations, was successfully made available on MediaWiki.org and three pilot wikis (Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedias). You can see a working examples [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* Translators in wikis where the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now discover articles in Wikiproject campaigns of their interest from the &quot;[https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=specialcx&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=collections&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=es&amp;to=en All collection]&quot; category in the articles suggestion feature. Wikiproject Campaign organizers can use this feature, to help translators to discover articles of interest, by adding the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;page-collection&gt; &lt;/page-collection&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag to their campaign article list page on Meta-wiki. This will make those articles discoverable in the Content Translation tool. For more detailed information on how to use the tool and tag, please refer to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists/How to use the features|the step-by-step guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378958]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, now has a [[phab:T376379#10310998|multiselect filter for namespace selection]]. This enables users to select multiple specific namespaces, instead of only one or all, when fetching pages for deletion.
* The Nuke feature also now [[phab:T364225#10371365|provides links]] to the userpage of the user whose pages were deleted, and to the pages which were not selected for deletion, after page deletions are queued. This enables easier follow-up admin-actions. Thanks to Chlod and the Moderator Tools team for both of these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364225#10371365]
* The Editing Team is working on making it easier to populate citations from archive.org using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|Citoid]] tool, the auto-filled citation generator. They are asking communities to add two parameters preemptively, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveUrl&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveDate&lt;/code&gt;, within the TemplateData for each citation template using Citoid. You can see an [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACite_web%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1261320172&amp;oldid=1260788022 example of a change in a template], and a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?namespaces=10&amp;q=%5C%22citoid%5C%22%3A%20%5C%7B&amp;regex=1&amp;title= list of all relevant templates]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374831]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9240|Indonesian]] ([[voy:id:|&lt;code&gt;voy:id:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380726]
* Last week, all wikis had problems serving pages to logged-in users and some logged-out users for 30–45 minutes. This was caused by a database problem, and investigation is ongoing. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/3g2ckc7bp6l9]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add Link]] feature has been fixed. Previously, the list of sections which are excluded from Add Link was partially ignored in certain cases. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380455][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380329]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, now has an early-stage [[git:design/codex-php|implementation in PHP]]. It is available for general use in MediaWiki extensions and Toolforge apps through [https://packagist.org/packages/wikimedia/codex Composer], with use in MediaWiki core coming soon. More information is available in [[wmdoc:design-codex-php/main/index.html|the documentation]]. Thanks to Doğu for the inspiration and many contributions to the library. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379662]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. On December 4, the MediaWiki Interfaces team began rerouting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content endpoints on [[testwiki:|testwiki]] from RESTbase to comparable MediaWiki REST API endpoints. The team encourages active users of these endpoints to verify their tool's behavior on testwiki and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]] before the end of the year, as they intend to roll out the same change across all Wikimedia projects in early January. These changes are part of the work to replace the outdated [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|RESTBase]] system.
* The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/986172 2024 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 3 January 2025, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:Developer Satisfaction Survey 2024 Privacy Statement|privacy statement]].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next meeting in the series of [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation discussions with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12 December 2024 08:00 UTC|December 12 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12_December 2024 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is new media and new contributors. Contributors from all wikis are welcome to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:16, 9 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Interested in improving event management on your home wiki? The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] offers organizers features like event registration management, event/wikiproject promotion, finding potential participants, and more - all directly on-wiki. If you are an organizer or think your community would benefit from this extension, start a discussion to enable it on your wiki today. To learn more about how to enable this extension on your wiki, visit the [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|deployment status page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in Italy and Mexico on the Italian, Spanish, and English Wikipedias, can see a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review|personalized Year in Review]] with insights based on their reading and editing history.
* Users of the Android Wikipedia App in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia can see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Rabbit Holes|Rabbit Holes]] feature. This feature shows a suggested search term in the Search bar based on the current article being viewed, and a suggested reading list generated from the user’s last two visited articles.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|global reminder bot]] is now active and running on nearly 800 wikis. This service reminds most users holding temporary rights when they are about to expire, so that they can renew should they want to. See [[m:Global reminder bot/Technical details|the technical details page]] for more information.
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 13 January 2025 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was [[phab:T374988|fixed]] in the Android Wikipedia App which had caused translatable SVG images to show the wrong language when they were tapped.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version next week. The next deployments will start on 14 January. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar/2025] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:24, 16 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Single User Login system is being updated over the next few months. This is the system which allows users to fill out the login form on one Wikimedia site and get logged in on all others at the same time. It needs to be updated because of the ways that browsers are increasingly restricting cross-domain cookies. To accommodate these restrictions, login and account creation pages will move to a central domain, but it will still appear to the user as if they are on the originating wiki. The updated code will be enabled this week for users on test wikis. This change is planned to roll out to all users during February and March. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and a timeline.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments|PageAssessments]] installed, you can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments#Search|filter search results]] to pages in a given WikiProject by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;inproject:&lt;/code&gt; keyword. (These wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-huwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378868] 
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34129|Tigre]] ([[w:tig:|&lt;code&gt;w:tig:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381377]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with updating a user's edit-count after making a rollback edit, which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382592]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia REST API users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. Starting the week of January 13, we will begin rerouting [[phab:T374683|some page content endpoints]] from RESTbase to the newer MediaWiki REST API endpoints for all wiki projects. This change was previously available on testwiki and should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints may raise issues directly to the [[phab:project/view/6931/|MediaWiki Interfaces Team]] in Phabricator if they arise.
* Toolforge tool maintainers can now share their feedback on Toolforge UI, an initiative to provide a web platform that allows creating and managing Toolforge tools through a graphic interface, in addition to existing command-line workflows. This project aims to streamline active maintainers’ tasks, as well as make registration and deployment processes more accessible for new tool creators. The initiative is still at a very early stage, and the Cloud Services team is in the process of collecting feedback from the Toolforge community to help shape the solution to their needs. [[wikitech:Wikimedia Cloud Services team/EnhancementProposals/Toolforge UI|Read more and share your thoughts about Toolforge UI]]. 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] For tool and library developers who use the OAuth system: The identity endpoint used for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user|OAuth 1]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user 2|OAuth 2]] returned a JSON object with an integer in its &lt;code&gt;sub&lt;/code&gt; field, which was incorrect (the field must always be a string). This has been fixed; the fix will be deployed to Wikimedia wikis on the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382139]
* Many wikis currently use [[:mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|Cite CSS]] to render custom footnote markers in Parsoid output. Starting January 20 these rules will be disabled, but the developers ask you to ''not'' clean up your &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]&lt;/bdi&gt; until February 20 to avoid issues during the migration. Your wikis might experience some small changes to footnote markers in Visual Editor and when using experimental Parsoid read mode, but if there are changes these are expected to bring the rendering in line with the legacy parser output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370027]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next meeting in the series of [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation Community Conversations with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 08:00 UTC|January 15 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is defining the priorities in tool investment for Commons. Contributors from all wikis, especially users who are maintaining tools for Commons, are welcome to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:42, 14 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators can mass-delete multiple pages created by a user or IP address using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Extension:Nuke]]. It previously only allowed deletion of pages created in the last 30 days. It can now delete pages from the last 90 days, provided it is targeting a specific user or IP address. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380846]
* On [[phab:P72148|wikis that use]] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Patrolled edits|Patrolled edits]] feature, when the rollback feature is used to revert an unpatrolled page revision, that revision will now be marked as &quot;manually patrolled&quot; instead of &quot;autopatrolled&quot;, which is more accurate. Some editors that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filters]] on Recent Changes may need to update their filter settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302140]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Visual Editor's &quot;Insert link&quot; feature did not always suggest existing pages properly when an editor started typing, which has now been [[phab:T383497|fixed]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is being progressively removed from the wikis. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|The last group of wikis]] ({{int:project-localized-name-cawikiquote/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwikimedia/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwikibooks/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewikimedia/en}}) will soon be contacted. If you have questions about this process, please ping [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] at your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380912]
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical_Community_Newsletter/2025/January|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: updates about services from the Data Platform Engineering teams, information about Codex from the Design System team, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:36, 21 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Patrollers and admins - what information or context about edits or users could help you to make patroller or admin decisions more quickly or easily? The Wikimedia Foundation wants to hear from you to help guide its upcoming annual plan. Please consider sharing your thoughts on this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|13 other questions]] to shape the technical direction for next year.

'''Updates for editors'''
* iOS Wikipedia App users worldwide can now access a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review/How your data is used|personalized Year in Review]] feature, which provides insights based on their reading and editing history on Wikipedia. This project is part of a broader effort to help welcome new readers as they discover and interact with encyclopedic content.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Edit patrollers now have a new feature available that can highlight potentially problematic new pages. When a page is created with the same title as a page which was previously deleted, a tag ('Recreated') will now be added, which users can filter for in [[{{#special:RecentChanges}}]] and [[{{#special:NewPages}}]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T56145]
* Later this week, there will be a new warning for editors if they attempt to create a redirect that links to another redirect (a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects#Double redirects|double redirect]]). The feature will recommend that they link directly to the second redirect's target page. Thanks to the user SomeRandomDeveloper for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326056]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia wikis allow [[w:en:WebAuthn|WebAuthn]]-based second factor checks (such as hardware tokens) during login, but the feature is [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Fix security key (WebAuthn) support|fragile]] and has very few users. The MediaWiki Platform team is temporarily disabling adding new WebAuthn keys, to avoid interfering with the rollout of [[mw:MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3]] (single user login version 3). Existing keys are unaffected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378402]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* For developers that use the [[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake/Edits/MediaWiki history dumps|MediaWiki History dumps]]: The Data Platform Engineering team has added a couple of new fields to these dumps, to support the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] initiative. If you maintain software that reads those dumps, please review your code and the updated documentation, since the order of the fields in the row will change. There will also be one field rename: in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki_user_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; dump, the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;anonymous&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; field will be renamed to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;is_anonymous&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. The changes will take effect with the next release of the dumps in February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LKMFDS62TXGDN6L56F4ABXYLN7CSCQDI/] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:14, 27 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors who use the &quot;Special characters&quot; editing-toolbar menu can now see the 32 special characters you have used most recently, across editing sessions on that wiki. This change should help make it easier to find the characters you use most often. The feature is in both the 2010 wikitext editor and VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110722]
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor can now create sublists with correct indentation by selecting the line(s) you want to indent and then clicking the toolbar buttons.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380438] You can now also insert &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags using a new toolbar button.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383010] Thanks to user stjn for these improvements.
* Help is needed to ensure the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]] works properly on each wiki.
** (1) Administrators should update the local versions of the page &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json&lt;/code&gt; to include entries for &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;preprint&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;standard&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;dataset&lt;/code&gt;; Here are example diffs to replicate [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&amp;diff=1189164774&amp;oldid=1165783565 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&amp;diff=1270832208&amp;oldid=1270828390 for 'standard' and 'dataset'].
** (2.1) If the citoid map in the citation template used for these types of references is missing, [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki#Step 2.a: Create a 'citoid' maps value for each citation template|one will need to be added]]. (2.2) If the citoid map does exist, the TemplateData will need to be updated to include new field names. Here are example updates [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1270829051&amp;oldid=1262470053 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1270831369&amp;oldid=1270829480 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. The new fields that may need to be supported are &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;identifier&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;repository&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;organization&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;repositoryLocation&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;committee&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;versionNumber&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383666]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q15637215|Central Kanuri]] ([[w:knc:|&lt;code&gt;w:knc:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385181]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Wikisource/Wikimedia OCR|OCR (optical character recognition) tool]] used for Wikisource now supports a new language, Church Slavonic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384782]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:09, 4 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''

* The Product and Technology Advisory Council (PTAC) has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|a draft of their recommendations]] for the Wikimedia Foundation's Product and Technology department. They have recommended focusing on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback/Mobile experiences|mobile experiences]], particularly contributions. They request community [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|feedback at the talk page]] by 21 February.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;Special pages&quot; portlet link will be moved from the &quot;Toolbox&quot; into the &quot;Navigation&quot; section of the main menu's sidebar by default. This change is because the Toolbox is intended for tools relating to the current page, not tools relating to the site, so the link will be more logically and consistently located. To modify this behavior and update CSS styling, administrators can follow the instructions at [[phab:T385346|T385346]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333211]
* As part of this year's work around improving the ways readers discover content on the wikis, the Web team will be running an experiment with a small number of readers that displays some suggestions for related or interesting articles within the search bar. Please check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments#Experiment 1: Display article recommendations in more prominent locations, search|the project page]] for more information.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template editors who use TemplateStyles can now customize output for users with specific accessibility needs by using accessibility related media queries (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion prefers-reduced-motion]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-transparency prefers-reduced-transparency]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-contrast prefers-contrast]&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/forced-colors forced-colors]&lt;/code&gt;). Thanks to user Bawolff for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384175]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the global blocks log will now be shown directly on the {{#special:CentralAuth}} page, similarly to global locks, to simplify the workflows for stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377024]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikidata [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Default values for labels and aliases|now supports a special language as a &quot;default for all languages&quot;]] for labels and aliases. This is to avoid excessive duplication of the same information across many languages. If your Wikidata queries use labels, you may need to update them as some existing labels are getting removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312511]
* The function &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;getDescription&lt;/code&gt; was invoked on every Wiki page read and accounts for ~2.5% of a page's total load time. The calculated value will now be cached, reducing load on Wikimedia servers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383660]
* As part of the RESTBase deprecation [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|effort]], the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;/page/related&lt;/code&gt; endpoint has been blocked as of February 6, 2025, and will be removed soon. This timeline was chosen to align with the deprecation schedules for older Android and iOS versions. The stable alternative is the &quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;morelike&lt;/code&gt;&quot; action API in MediaWiki, and [[gerrit:c/mediawiki/services/mobileapps/+/982154/13/pagelib/src/transform/FooterReadMore.js|a migration example]] is available. The MediaWiki Interfaces team [[phab:T376297|can be contacted]] for any questions. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/GFC2IJO7L4BWO3YTM7C5HF4MCCBE2RJ2/]

'''In depth'''

* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: Updates about the &quot;Contribute&quot; menu; details on some of the newest language editions of Wikipedia; details on new languages supported by the MediaWiki interface; updates on the Community-defined lists feature; and more. 
* The latest [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#January 2025: Better visibility into charts and tabular data usage|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on the progress towards bringing better visibility into global charts usage and support for categorizing pages in the Data namespace on Commons.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:12, 11 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities using growth tools can now showcase one event on the &lt;code&gt;{{#special:Homepage}}&lt;/code&gt; for newcomers. This feature will help newcomers to be informed about editing activities they can participate in. Administrators can create a new event to showcase at &lt;code&gt;{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}&lt;/code&gt;. To learn more about this feature, please read [[diffblog:2025/02/12/community-updates-module-connecting-newcomers-to-your-initiatives/|the Diff post]], have a look [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|at the documentation]], or contact [[mw:Talk:Growth|the Growth team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|thumb|Highlighted talk pages improvements]]
* Starting next week, talk pages at these wikis – {{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}} – will get [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|a new design]]. This change was extensively tested as a Beta feature and is the last step of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|talk pages improvements]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379102]
* You can now navigate to view a redirect page directly from its action pages, such as the history page. Previously, you were forced to first go to the redirect target. This change should help editors who work with redirects a lot. Thanks to user stjn for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5324]
* When a Cite reference is reused many times, wikis currently show either numbers like &quot;1.23&quot; or localized alphabetic markers like &quot;a b c&quot; in the reference list. Previously, if there were so many reuses that the alphabetic markers were all used, [[MediaWiki:Cite error references no backlink label|an error message]] was displayed.  As part of the work to [[phab:T383036|modernize Cite customization]], these errors will no longer be shown and instead the backlinks will fall back to showing numeric markers like &quot;1.23&quot; once the alphabetic markers are all used.
* The log entries for each change to an editor's user-groups are now clearer by specifying exactly what has changed, instead of the plain before and after listings. Translators can [[phab:T369466|help to update the localized versions]]. Thanks to user Msz2001 for these improvements.
* A new filter has been added to the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool, which allows administrators to mass delete pages, to enable users to filter for pages in a range of page sizes (in bytes). This allows, for example, deleting pages only of a certain size or below. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378488]
* Non-administrators can now check which pages are able to be deleted using the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool. Thanks to user MolecularPilot for this and the previous improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376378]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed in the configuration for the AV1 video file format, which enables these files to play again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382193]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to most Wiktionaries over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyage to Parsoid Read Views last year. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385923][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371640]
* Developers of tools that run on-wiki should note that &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Uri&lt;/code&gt; is deprecated. Tools requiring &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Uri&lt;/code&gt; must explicitly declare &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mediawiki.Uri&lt;/code&gt; as a ResourceLoader dependency, and should migrate to the browser native &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;URL&lt;/code&gt; API soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384515]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:16, 17 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators can now customize how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User language|Babel feature]] creates categories using [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Babel}}]]. They can rename language categories, choose whether they should be auto-created, and adjust other settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374348]
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikimedia.org/ wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; portal has been updated – and is receiving some ongoing improvements – to modernize and improve the accessibility of our portal pages. It now has better support for mobile layouts, updated wording and links, and better language support. Additionally, all of the Wikimedia project portals, such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://wikibooks.org wikibooks.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, now support dark mode when a reader is using that system setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373204][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368221][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Project_portals]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33965|Santali]] ([[wikt:sat:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:sat:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386619]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that prevented clicking on search results in the web-interface for some Firefox for Android phone configurations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381289]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next Language Community Meeting is happening soon, February 28th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1740751200 14:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: highlights and technical updates on keyboard and tools for the Sámi languages, Translatewiki.net contributions from the Bahasa Lampung community in Indonesia, and technical Q&amp;A. If you'd like to join, simply [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#28 February 2025|sign up on the wiki page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:41, 25 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* All logged-in editors using the mobile view can now edit a full page. The &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}&quot; link is accessible from the &quot;{{int:minerva-page-actions-overflow}}&quot; menu in the toolbar. This was previously only available to editors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|Advanced mobile contributions]] setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387180]
* Interface administrators can now help to remove the deprecated Cite CSS code matching &quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw-ref&lt;/code&gt;&quot; from their local &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. The list of wikis in need of cleanup, and the code to remove, [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-ref%5B%5E-a-z%5D&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=8&amp;title=.*css can be found with this global search] and in [https://ace.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&amp;oldid=145662#L-139--L-144 this example], and you can learn more about how to help on the [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|CSS migration project page]]. The Cite footnote markers (&quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/code&gt;&quot;) are now rendered by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]], and the deprecated CSS is no longer needed. The CSS for backlinks (&quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw:referencedBy&lt;/code&gt;&quot;) should remain in place for now. This cleanup is expected to cause no visible changes for readers. Please help to remove this code before March 20, after which the development team will do it for you.
* When editors embed a file (e.g. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[File:MediaWiki.png]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) on a page that is protected with cascading protection, the software will no longer restrict edits to the file description page, only to new file uploads.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24521] In contrast, transcluding a file description page (e.g. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{:File:MediaWiki.png}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) will now restrict edits to the page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62109]
* When editors revert a file to an earlier version it will now require the same permissions as ordinarily uploading a new version of the file. The software now checks for 'reupload' or 'reupload-own' rights,[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304474] and respects cascading protection.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140010]
* When administrators are listing pages for deletion with the Nuke tool, they can now also list associated talk pages and redirects for deletion, alongside pages created by the target, rather than needing to manually delete these pages afterwards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T95797]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|previously noted]] update to Single User Login, which will accommodate browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies by moving login and account creation to a central domain, will now roll out to all users during March and April. The team plans to enable it for all new account creation on [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Tuesday|Group0]] wikis this week. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and an updated timeline.
* Since last week there has been a bug that shows some interface icons as black squares until the page has fully loaded. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387351]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q2044560|Sylheti]] ([[w:syl:|&lt;code&gt;w:syl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386441]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed with loading images in very old versions of the Firefox browser on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386400]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:30, 4 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors who use password managers at multiple wikis may notice changes in the future. The way that our wikis provide information to password managers about reusing passwords across domains has recently been updated, so some password managers might now offer you login credentials that you saved for a different Wikimedia site. Some password managers already did this, and are now doing it for more Wikimedia domains. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3 project]] which aims to improve how our unified login works, and to keep it compatible with ongoing changes to the web-browsers we use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385520][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384844]
* The Wikipedia Apps Team is inviting interested users to help improve Wikipedia’s offline and limited internet use. After discussions in [[m:Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]] and the last [[m:Special:MyLanguage/ESEAP Hub/Meetings|ESEAP call]], key challenges like search, editing, and offline access are being explored, with upcoming focus groups to dive deeper into these topics. All languages are welcome, and interpretation will be available. Want to share your thoughts? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Improving Wikipedia Mobile Apps for Offline &amp; Limited Internet Use|Join the discussion]] or email &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;aramadan@wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt;!
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 19. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/33|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the launch of the Community Updates module, the most recent changes in Community Configuration, and the upcoming test of in-article suggestions for first-time editors.
* An old API that was previously used in the Android Wikipedia app is being removed at the end of March. There are no current software uses, but users of the app with a version that is older than 6 months by the time of removal (2025-03-31), will no longer have access to the Suggested Edits feature, until they update their app. You can [[diffblog:2025/02/24/sunset-of-wikimedia-recommendation-api/|read more details about this change]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:09, 10 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Twice a year, around the equinoxes, the Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team performs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|a datacenter server switchover]], redirecting all traffic from one primary server to its backup. This provides reliability in case of a crisis, as we can always fall back on the other datacenter. [http://listen.hatnote.com/ Thanks to the Listen to Wikipedia] tool, you can hear the switchover take place: Before it begins, you'll hear the steady stream of edits; Then, as the system enters a brief read-only phase, the sound stops for a couple of minutes, before resuming after the switchover. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. If you want to keep an ear out for the next server switchover, listen to the wikis on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 March 19 at 14:00 UTC].

'''Updates for editors'''

* The [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es improved Content Translation tool dashboard] is now available in [[phab:T387820|10 Wikipedias]] and will be available for all Wikipedias [[phab:T387821|soon]]. With [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|the unified dashboard]], desktop users can now: Translate new sections of an article; Discover and access topic-based [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=ig&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits article suggestion filters] (initially available only for mobile device users); Discover and access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists|Community-defined lists]] filter, also known as &quot;Collections&quot;, from wiki-projects and campaigns.
* On Wikimedia Commons, a [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements#Improve category selection|new system to select the appropriate file categories]] has been introduced: if a category has one or more subcategories, users will be able to click on an arrow that will open the subcategories directly within the form, and choose the correct one. The parent category name will always be shown on top, and it will always be possible to come back to it. This should decrease the amount of work for volunteers in fixing/creating new categories. The change is also available on mobile. These changes are part of planned improvements to the UploadWizard.
* The Community Tech team is seeking wikis to join a pilot for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] feature and a refreshed Special:Block page in late March. Multiblocks enables administrators to impose multiple different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. If you are an admin or steward and would like us to discuss joining the pilot with your community, please leave a message on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|project talk page]].
* Starting March 25, the Editing team will test a new feature for Edit Check at [[phab:T384372|12 Wikipedias]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi-check|Multi-Check]]. Half of the newcomers on these wikis will see all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Checks]] during their edit session, while the other half will continue seeing only one. The goal of this test is to see if users are confused or discouraged when shown multiple Reference Checks (when relevant) within a single editing session. At these wikis, the tags used on edits that show References Check will be simplified, as multiple tags could be shown within a single edit. Changes to the tags are documented [[phab:T373949|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379131]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], which is a service for notifying users that their temporary user-rights are about to expire, now supports using the localized name of the user-rights group in the message heading. Translators can see the [[m:Global reminder bot/Translation|listing of existing translations and documentation]] to check if their language needs updating or creation.
* The [[Special:GlobalPreferences|GlobalPreferences]] gender setting, which is used for how the software should refer to you in interface messages, now works as expected by overriding the local defaults. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386584]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:26}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:26|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Wikipedia App for Android had a bug fixed for when a user is browsing and searching in multiple languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379777]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Later this week, the way that Codex styles are loaded will be changing. There is a small risk that this may result in unstyled interface message boxes on certain pages. User generated content (e.g. templates) is not impacted. Gadgets may be impacted. If you see any issues [[phab:T388847|please report them]]. See the linked task for details, screenshots, and documentation on how to fix any affected gadgets.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:48, 17 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking your feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|drafts of the objectives and key results that will shape the Foundation's Product and Technology priorities]] for the next fiscal year (starting in July). The objectives are broad high-level areas, and the key-results are measurable ways to track the success of their objectives. Please share your feedback on the talkpage, in any language, ideally before the end of April.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] will be released to multiple wikis (see [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|deployment plan]] for details) in April 2025, and the team has begun the process of engaging communities on the identified wikis. The extension provides tools to organize, manage, and promote collaborative activities (like events, edit-a-thons, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. The extension has three tools: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation Lists]]. It is currently on 13 Wikipedias, including English Wikipedia, French Wikipedia, and Spanish Wikipedia, as well as Wikidata. Questions or requests can be directed to the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:CampaignEvents|extension talk page]] or in Phabricator (with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;#campaigns-product-team&lt;/bdi&gt; tag).
* Starting the week of March 31st, wikis will be able to set which user groups can view private registrants in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], as part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension. By default, event organizers and the local wiki admins will be able to see private registrants. This is a change from the current behavior, in which only event organizers can see private registrants. Wikis can change the default setup by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requesting a configuration change]] in Phabricator (and adding the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;#campaigns-product-team&lt;/bdi&gt; tag). Participants of past events can cancel their registration at any time.
* Administrators at wikis that have a customized &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Sidebar]]&lt;/bdi&gt; should check that it contains an entry for the {{int:specialpages}} listing. If it does not, they should add it using &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;* specialpages-url|specialpages&lt;/code&gt;. Wikis with a default sidebar will see the link moved from the page toolbox into the sidebar menu in April. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388927]
* The Minerva skin (mobile web) combines both Notice and Alert notifications within the bell icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon bell.svg|16px|link=|class=skin-invert]]). There was a long-standing bug where an indication for new notifications was only shown if you had unseen Alerts. This bug is now fixed. In the future, Minerva users will notice a counter atop the bell icon when you have 1 or more unseen Notices and/or Alerts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344029]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* VisualEditor has introduced a [[mw:VisualEditor/Hooks|new client-side hook]] for developers to use when integrating with the VisualEditor target lifecycle. This hook should replace the existing lifecycle-related hooks, and be more consistent between different platforms. In addition, the new hook will apply to uses of VisualEditor outside of just full article editing, allowing gadgets to interact with the editor in DiscussionTools as well. The Editing Team intends to deprecate and eventually remove the old lifecycle hooks, so any use cases that this new hook does not cover would be of interest to them and can be [[phab:T355555|shared in the task]].
* Developers who use the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Api&lt;/code&gt; JavaScript library, can now identify the tool using it with the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;userAgent&lt;/code&gt; parameter: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;var api = new mw.Api( { userAgent: 'GadgetNameHere/1.0.1' } );&lt;/code&gt;. If you maintain a gadget or user script, please set a user agent, because it helps with library and server maintenance and with differentiating between legitimate and illegitimate traffic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373874][https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Wikimedia_Foundation_User-Agent_Policy]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 24 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Editing team is working on a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Check|Edit check]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#26 March 2025|Peacock check]]. This check's goal is to identify non-neutral terms while a user is editing a wikipage, so that they can be informed that their edit should perhaps be changed before they publish it. This project is at the early stages, and the team is looking for communities' input: [[phab:T389445|in this Phabricator task]], they are gathering on-wiki policies, templates used to tag non-neutral articles, and the terms (jargon and keywords) used in edit summaries for the languages they are currently researching. You can participate by editing the table on Phabricator, commenting on the task, or directly messaging [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|Single User Login]] has now been updated on all wikis to move login and account creation to a central domain. This makes user login compatible with browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies, which have prevented users of some browsers from staying logged in.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting on March 31st, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin a limited release of generated OpenAPI specs and a SwaggerUI-based sandbox experience for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST APIs]]. They invite developers from a limited group of non-English Wikipedia communities (Arabic, German, French, Hebrew, Interlingua, Dutch, Chinese) to review the documentation and experiment with the sandbox in their preferred language. In addition to these specific Wikipedia projects, the sandbox and OpenAPI spec will be available on the [[testwiki:Special:RestSandbox|on the test wiki REST Sandbox special page]] for developers with English as their preferred language. During the preview period, the MediaWiki Interfaces Team also invites developers to [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|share feedback about your experience]]. The preview will last for approximately 2 weeks, after which the sandbox and OpenAPI specs will be made available across all wiki projects.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.23|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Sometimes a small, [[gerrit:c/operations/cookbooks/+/1129184|one line code change]] can have great significance: in this case, it means that for the first time in years we're able to run all of the stack serving &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[http://maps.wikimedia.org/ maps.wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; - a host dedicated to serving our wikis and their multi-lingual maps needs - from a single core datacenter, something we test every time we perform a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter switchover]]. This is important because it means that in case one of our datacenters is affected by a catastrophe, we'll still be able to serve the site. This change is the result of [[phab:T216826|extensive work]] by two developers on porting the last component of the maps stack over to [[w:en:Kubernetes|kubernetes]], where we can allocate resources more efficiently than before, thus we're able to withstand more traffic in a single datacenter. This work involved a lot of complicated steps because this software, and the software libraries it uses, required many long overdue upgrades. This type of work makes the Wikimedia infrastructure more sustainable.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025]] is happening in Sandusky, USA, and online, from 14–16 May 2025. The workshop will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. Registration and presentation signup is now available at the workshop's website.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 1 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* From now on, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface admins]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Central notice administrators|centralnotice admins]] are technically required to enable [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] before they can use their privileges. In the future this might be expanded to more groups with advanced user-rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150898]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The Design System Team is preparing to release the next major version of Codex (v2.0.0) on April 29. Editors and developers who use CSS from Codex should see the [[mw:Codex/Release Timeline/2.0|2.0 overview documentation]], which includes guidance related to a few of the breaking changes such as &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;font-size&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;line-height&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;size-icon&lt;/code&gt;.
* The results of the [[mw:Developer Satisfaction Survey/2025|Developer Satisfaction Survey (2025)]]  are now available. Thank you to all participants. These results help the Foundation decide what to work on next and to review what they recently worked on.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]] will take place in Istanbul, Turkey, between 2–4 May. Registration for attending the in-person event will close on 13 April. Before registering, please note the potential need for a [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkish-representations.en.mfa visa] or [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-information-for-foreigners.en.mfa e-visa] to enter the country.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 7 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Later this week, the default thumbnail size will be increased from 220px to 250px. This changes how pages are shown in all wikis and has been requested by some communities for many years, but wasn't previously possible due to technical limitations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914]
* File thumbnails are now stored in discrete sizes. If a page specifies a thumbnail size that's not among the standard sizes (20, 40, 60, 120, 250, 330, 500, 960), then MediaWiki will pick the closest larger thumbnail size but will tell the browser to downscale it to the requested size. In these cases, nothing will change visually but users might load slightly larger images. If it doesn't matter which thumbnail size is used in a page, please pick one of the standard sizes to avoid the extra in-browser down-scaling step. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Thumbnail_sizes][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation are working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]] which will enable [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[:w:en:Denial-of-service attack|Distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is so that they can more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for.
* To improve security for users, a small percentage of logins will now require that the account owner input a one-time password [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:EmailAuth|emailed to their account]]. It is recommended that you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|check]] that the email address on your account is set correctly, and that it has been confirmed, and that you have an email set for this purpose. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390662]
* &quot;Are you interested in taking a short survey to improve tools used for reviewing or reverting edits on your Wiki?&quot; This question will be [[phab:T389401|asked at 7 wikis starting next week]], on Recent Changes and Watchlist pages. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools team]] wants to know more about activities that involve looking at new edits made to your Wikimedia project, and determining whether they adhere to your project's policies.
* On April 15, the full Wikidata graph will no longer be supported on &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;. After this date, scholarly articles will be available through &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/ query-scholarly.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, while the rest of the data hosted on Wikidata will be available through the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; endpoint. This is part of the scheduled split of the Wikidata Graph, which was [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|announced in September 2024]]. More information is [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|available on Wikidata]].
* The latest quarterly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter/First quarter of 2025|Wikimedia Apps Newsletter]] is now available. It covers updates, experiments, and improvements made to the Wikipedia mobile apps.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2025/April|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: an invitation for tool maintainers to attend the Toolforge UI Community Feedback Session on April 15th; recent community metrics; and recent technical blog posts.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.25|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:24, 15 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] is now integrated with [[w:dag:Solɔɣu|Dagbani Wikipedia]] since April 15. It is the first project that will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in articles. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2025-04-16]
* A new type of lint error has been created: [[Special:LintErrors/empty-heading|{{int:linter-category-empty-heading}}]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Lint errors/empty-heading|documentation]]). The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter extension]]'s purpose is to identify wikitext patterns that must or can be fixed in pages and provide some guidance about what the problems are with those patterns and how to fix them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368722]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Following its publication on HuggingFace, the &quot;Structured Contents&quot; dataset, developed by Wikimedia Enterprise, is [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/kaggle-dataset/ now also available on Kaggle]. This Beta initiative is focused on making Wikimedia data more machine-readable for high-volume reusers. They are releasing this beta version in a location that open dataset communities already use, in order to seek feedback, to help improve the product for a future wider release. You can read more about the overall [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/#open-datasets Structured Contents project], and about the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-wikipedia-infobox/ first release that's freely usable].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The Editing and Machine Learning Teams invite interested volunteers to a video meeting to discuss [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]], which is the latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] that will detect &quot;peacock&quot; or &quot;overly-promotional&quot; or &quot;non-neutral&quot; language whilst an editor is typing. Editors who work with newcomers, or help to fix this kind of writing, or are interested in how we use artificial intelligence in our projects are encouraged to attend. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team/Community Conversations#Next Conversation|meeting will be on April 28, 2025]] at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745863200 18:00–19:00 UTC] and hosted on Zoom.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:00, 21 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Event organizers who host collaborative activities on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|multiple wikis]], including Bengali, Japanese, and Korean Wikipedias, will have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] this week. Also, admins in the Wikipedia where the extension is enabled will automatically be granted the event organizer right soon. They won't have to manually grant themselves the right before they can manage events as [[phab:T386861|requested by a community]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The release of the next major version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, is scheduled for 29 April 2025. Technical editors will have access to the release by the week of 5 May 2025. This update will include a number of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Breaking_changes|breaking changes]] and minor [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Visual_changes|visual changes]]. Instructions on handling the breaking and visual changes are documented on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release Timeline/2.0#|this page]]. Pre-release testing is reported in [[phab:T386298|T386298]], with post-release issues tracked in [[phab:T392379|T392379]] and [[phab:T392390|T392390]].
* Users of [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Wiki_Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will notice that the database views of &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks_ipindex&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks_compat&lt;/code&gt; are [[phab:T390767|now deprecated]]. Users can query the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_table|block]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_target_table|block_target]]&lt;/code&gt; new views that mirror the new tables in the production database instead. The deprecated views will be removed entirely from Wiki Replicas in June, 2025.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.27|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes an overview of the improved [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation Dashboard Tool], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Language Support for New and Existing Languages|support for new languages]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Wiki Loves Ramadan Articles Made In Content Translation Mobile Workflow|highlights from the Wiki Loves Ramadan campaign]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Languages Onboarding Experiment 2024 - Executive Summary|results from the Language Onboarding Experiment]], an analysis of topic diversity in articles, and information on upcoming community meetings and events.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|Let's Connect Learning Clinic]] will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745937000 April 29 at 14:30 UTC]. This edition will focus on &quot;Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects&quot;. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Learning Clinic %E2%80%93 Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects (Part_1)|register now]] to attend.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which brings the global technical community together to connect, brainstorm, and hack existing projects, will take place from May 2 to 4th, 2025, at Istanbul, Turkey.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 28 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared the latest draft update to their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|annual plan]] for next year (July 2025–June 2026). This includes an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|executive summary]] (also on [[diffblog:2025/04/25/sharing-the-wikimedia-foundations-2025-2026-draft-annual-plan/|Diff]]), details about the three main [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals|goals]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Global Trends|global trends]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Budget Overview|budget]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Financial Model|financial model]]. Feedback and questions are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|talk page]] until the end of May.

'''Updates for editors'''
* For wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]], two new feature improvements have been released:
** Admins can now choose which namespaces are permitted for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Permitted namespaces|documentation]]). The default setup is for event registration to be permitted in the Event namespace, but other namespaces (such as the project namespace or WikiProject namespace) can now be added. With this change, communities like WikiProjects can now more easily use Event Registration for their collaborative activities.
** Editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Transclusion|transclude]] the Collaboration List on a wiki page ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Collaboration list/Transclusion|documentation]]). The Collaboration List is an automated list of events and WikiProjects on the wikis, accessed via {{#special:AllEvents}} ([[w:en:Special:AllEvents|example]]). Now, the Collaboration List can be added to all sorts of wiki pages, such as: a wiki mainpage, a WikiProject page, an affiliate page, an event page, or even a user page.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers who use the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;moment&lt;/code&gt; library in gadgets and user scripts should revise their code to use alternatives like the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;Intl&lt;/code&gt; library or the new &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mediawiki.DateFormatter&lt;/code&gt; library. The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;moment&lt;/code&gt; library has been deprecated and will begin to log messages in the developer console. You can see a global search for current uses, and [[phab:T392532|ask related questions in this Phabricator task]].
* Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikidata term store tables (&lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;wbt_*&lt;/code&gt;) need to update their code to connect to a separate database cluster. These tables are being split into a separate database cluster. Tools that query those tables via the wiki replicas must be adapted to connect to the new cluster instead. [[wikitech:News/2025 Wikidata term store database split|Documentation and related links are available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390954]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.28|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on preparing to expand the deployment to additional wikis as soon as this week (starting May 6) and scaling up over the following weeks, plus exploring filtering and transforming source data.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:14, 6 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|&quot;Get shortened URL&quot;]] link on the sidebar now includes a [[phab:T393309|QR code]]. Wikimedia site users can now use it by scanning or downloading it to quickly share and access shared content from Wikimedia sites, conveniently.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]], which will enable [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[w:en:Denial-of-service attack|distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is to help more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. Tech News has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|previously written about this]]. The deployment will be gradual. Some might see the Edge Uniques cookie the week of 19 May. You can discuss this on the [[m:Talk:Edge Uniques|talk page]].
* Starting May 19, 2025, Event organisers in wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled can use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] in the project namespace (e.g., Wikipedia namespace, Wikidata namespace). With this change, communities don't need admins to use the feature. However, wikis that don't want this change can remove and add the permitted namespaces at [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/CampaignEvents]].
* The Wikipedia project now has a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q36720|Nupe]] ([[w:nup:|&lt;code&gt;w:nup:&lt;/code&gt;]]). This is a language primarily spoken in the North Central region of Nigeria. Speakers of this language are invited to contribute to [[w:nup:Tatacin feregi|new Wikipedia]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers can now access pre-parsed Dutch Wikipedia, amongst others (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese) through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/snapshot/#structured-contents-snapshot-bundle-info-beta Structured Contents snapshots (beta)]. The content includes parsed Wikipedia abstracts, descriptions, main images, infoboxes, article sections, and references.
* The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;/page/data-parsoid&lt;/code&gt; REST API endpoint is no longer in use and will be deprecated. It is [[phab:T393557|scheduled to be turned off]] on June 7, 2025.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.1|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/2025_Cloud_VPS_VXLAN_IPv6_migration IPv6 support] is a newly introduced Cloud virtual network that significantly boosts Wikimedia platforms' scalability, security, and readiness for the future. If you are a technical contributor eager to learn more, check out [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/05/06/wikimedia-cloud-vps-ipv6-support/ this blog post] for an in-depth look at the journey to IPv6.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The 2nd edition of 2025 of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]], a virtual platform for African Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747328400 May 15 at 17:00 UTC]. This edition will focus on discussions regarding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|Wikimedia Annual planning and progress]].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MENA Connect Community Call|MENA Connect Community Call]], a virtual meeting for [[w:en:Middle East and North Africa|MENA]] Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747501200 May 17 at 17:00 UTC]. You can [[m:Event:MENA Connect (Wiki_Diwan) APP Call|register now]] to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:37, 12 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Peacock language model for the following languages: Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and Japanese. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check/model test|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on May 23, which will be the start date of the test.

'''Updates for editors'''

* From May 20, 2025, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|oversighters]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:CheckUsers|checkusers]] will need to have their accounts secured with two-factor authentication (2FA) to be able to use their advanced rights. All users who belong to these two groups and do not have 2FA enabled have been informed. In the future, this requirement may be extended to other users with advanced rights. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]]  [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] will begin mass deployment by the end of the month: all non-Wikipedia projects plus Catalan Wikipedia will adopt Multiblocks in the week of May 26, while all other Wikipedias will adopt it in the week of June 2. Please [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|contact the team]] if you have concerns. Administrators can test the new user interface now on your own wiki by browsing to [{{fullurl:Special:Block|usecodex=1}} {{#special:Block}}?usecodex=1], and can test the full multiblocks functionality [[testwiki:Special:Block|on testwiki]]. Multiblocks is the feature that makes it possible for administrators to impose different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|help page]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121]
* Later this week, the [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] listing of almost all special pages will be updated with a new design. This page has been [[phab:T219543|redesigned]] to improve the user experience in a few ways, including: The ability to search for names and aliases of the special pages, sorting, more visible marking of restricted special pages, and a more mobile-friendly look. The new version can be [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages previewed] at Beta Cluster now, and feedback shared in the task. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219543]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is being enabled on more wikis. For a detailed list of when the extension will be enabled on your wiki, please read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|deployment timeline]].
* [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] will be deployed on May 27 on five Wiktionaries: [[wikt:ha:|Hausa]], [[wikt:ig:|Igbo]], [[wikt:bn:|Bengali]], [[wikt:ml:|Malayalam]], and [[wikt:dv:|Dhivehi/Maldivian]]. This is the second batch of deployment planned for the project. After deployment, the projects will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in their pages. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template.
* Later this week, the Wikimedia Foundation will publish a hub for [[diffblog:2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/|experiments]]. This is to showcase and get user feedback on product experiments. The experiments help the Wikimedia movement [[diffblog:2023/07/13/exploring-paths-for-the-future-of-free-knowledge-new-wikipedia-chatgpt-plugin-leveraging-rich-media-social-apps-and-other-experiments/|understand new users]], how they interact with the internet and how it could affect the Wikimedia movement. Some examples are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Generated Video|generated video]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Roblox game|Wikipedia Roblox speedrun game]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Discord bot|the Discord bot]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with creating an account using the API, which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390751]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Gadgets and user scripts that interact with [[{{#special:Block}}]] may need to be updated to work with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|manage blocks interface]]. Please review the [[mw:Help:Manage blocks/Developers|developer guide]] for more information. If you need help or are unable to adapt your script to the new interface, please let the team know on the [[mw:Help talk:Manage blocks/Developers|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121]
* The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.title&lt;/code&gt; object allows you to get information about a specific wiki page in the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Lua|Lua]] programming language. Starting this week, a new property will be added to the object, named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;isDisambiguationPage&lt;/code&gt;. This property allows you to check if a page is a disambiguation page, without the need to write a custom function. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71441]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] User script developers can use a [[toolforge:gitlab-content|new reverse proxy tool]] to load javascript and css from [[gitlab:|gitlab.wikimedia.org]] with &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.loader.load&lt;/code&gt;. The tool's author hopes this will enable collaborative development workflows for user scripts including linting, unit tests, code generation, and code review on &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;gitlab.wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt; without a separate copy-and-paste step to publish scripts to a Wikimedia wiki for integration and acceptance testing. See [[wikitech:Tool:Gitlab-content|Tool:Gitlab-content on Wikitech]] for more information.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.2|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The 12th edition of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Workshop 2025|Wiki Workshop 2025]], a forum that brings together researchers that explore all aspects of Wikimedia projects, will be held virtually on 21-22 May. Researchers can [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/wikiworkshop2025/ register now].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:12, 19 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* A community-wide discussion about a very delicate issue for the development of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]] is now open on Meta: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. The discussion is open until June 12 at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]], and every opinion is welcomed. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Since last week, on all wikis except [[phab:T388604|the largest 20]], people using the mobile visual editor will have [[phab:T385851|additional tools in the menu bar]], accessed using the new &lt;code&gt;+&lt;/code&gt; toolbar button. To start, the new menu will include options to add: citations, hieroglyphs, and code blocks. Deployment to the remaining wikis is [[phab:T388605|scheduled]] to happen in June.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist]]&lt;/code&gt; parser function will no longer register a link to its target page. This will improve the usefulness of [[{{#special:WantedPages}}]], which will eventually only list pages that are the target of an actual red link. This change will happen gradually as the source pages are updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14019]
* This week, the Moderator Tools team will launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], starting at Indonesian Wikipedia. This new filter highlights edits that are likely to be reverted. The goal is to help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic edits. Other wikis will benefit from this filter in the future.
* Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. Readers of Catalan, Hebrew, and Italian Wikipedias and some sister projects will receive the change between May 21 and mid-June. Readers of other wikis will receive the change later. The goal is to encourage users to read the wikis more. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]].
* Some users of the Wikipedia Android app can use a new feature for readers, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|WikiGames]], a daily trivia game based on real historical events. The release has started as an A/B test, available to 50% of users in the following languages: English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Newsletter|Newsletter extension]] that is available on MediaWiki.org allows the creation of [[mw:Special:Newsletters|various newsletters]] for global users. The extension can now publish new issues as section links on an existing page, instead of requiring a new page for each issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393844]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The previously deprecated &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Ipblocks table|ipblocks]]&lt;/code&gt; views in [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will be removed in the beginning of June. Users are encouraged to query the new &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block table|block]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block target table|block_target]]&lt;/code&gt; views instead.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.3|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects|Wikidata and Sister Projects]] is a multi-day online event that will focus on how Wikidata is integrated to Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects. The event runs from May 29 – June 1. You can [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects#Sessions|read the Program schedule]] and [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1291|register]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:04, 26 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Editors can use this new extension to create interactive data visualizations like bar, line, area, and pie charts. Charts are designed to replace many of the uses of the legacy [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* It is now easier to configure automatic citations for your wiki within the visual editor's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]]. Administrators can now set a default template by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;_default&lt;/code&gt; key in the local &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json]]&lt;/bdi&gt; page ([[mw:Special:Diff/6969653/7646386|example diff]]). Setting this default will also help to future-proof your existing configurations when [[phab:T347823|new item types]] are added in the future. You can still set templates for individual item types as they will be preferred to the default template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384709]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting the week of June 2, bots logging in using &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;action=login&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;action=clientlogin&lt;/code&gt; will fail more often. This is because of stronger protections against suspicious logins. Bots using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|bot passwords]] or using a loginless authentication method such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|OAuth]] are not affected. If your bot is not using one of those, you should update it; using &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;action=login&lt;/code&gt; without a bot password was deprecated [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/3EEMN7VQX5G7WMQI5K2GP5JC2336DPTD/|in 2016]]. For most bots, this only requires changing what password the bot uses. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395205]
* From this week, Wikimedia wikis will allow ES2017 features in JavaScript code for official code, gadgets, and user scripts. The most visible feature of ES2017 is &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;async&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;await&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; syntax, allowing for easier-to-read code. Until this week, the platform only allowed up to ES2016, and a few months before that, up to ES2015. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381537]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.4|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* Scholarship applications to participate in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025|GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] are now open. The conference will take place from 30 October to 1 November, in Lisbon, Portugal. GLAM contributors who lack the means to support their participation can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025/Scholarships|apply here]]. Scholarship applications close on June 7th.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:55, 2 June 2025 (UTC)
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      <sha1>5kcpjfq7m53zy03um4hijjdny1tmxmc</sha1>
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    <title>Are humans the main cause of global warming?</title>
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{{Science}}

Global warming (the major consequence of climate change) poses a very real threat to the world's ecosystems and to human life. Some doubt its existence and others say that human activity is responsible for global increases in temperature and related weather phenomena. This debate takes it for granted that global warming exists but asks to what extent humans create or hasten those conditions.

== Are humans the main cause of global warming? ==

=== Pro ===

* {{Argument for}} Almost all—roughly 97%—earth scientist say that global warming is real, has been occurring throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, and has a substantial man-made component.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|quote=The following terms have been used to indicate the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result: virtually certain 99–100% probability, very likely 90–100%, likely 66–100%, about as likely as not 33–66%, unlikely 0–33%, very unlikely 0–10%, exceptionally unlikely 0–1%. Additional terms (extremely likely: 95–100%, more likely than not &gt;50–100%, more unlikely than likely 0–&lt;50% and extremely unlikely 0–5%) may also be used when appropriate.|publisher=IPCC|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/syr/AR5_SYR_FINAL_SPM.pdf|title=CLIMATE CHANGE 2014: Synthesis Report. Summary for Policymakers|accessdate=1 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|quote=The evidence for human influence on the climate system has grown since the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). It is extremely likely that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010 was caused by the anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas concentrations and other anthropogenic forcings together|publisher=IPCC|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/syr/AR5_SYR_FINAL_SPM.pdf|title=CLIMATE CHANGE 2014: Synthesis Report. Summary for Policymakers|accessdate=7 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nap&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|publisher=The National Academies Press|isbn=0-309-14588-0|last=America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change; National Research Council|title=Advancing the Science of Climate Change|location=Washington, D.C.|year=2010|url=http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12782|quote=(p1)... there is a strong, credible body of evidence, based on multiple lines of research, documenting that climate is changing and that these changes are in large part caused by human activities. While much remains to be learned, the core phenomenon, scientific questions, and hypotheses have been examined thoroughly and have stood firm in the face of serious scientific debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. ***(p21-22) Some scientific conclusions or theories have been so thoroughly examined and tested, and supported by so many independent observations and results, that their likelihood of subsequently being found to be wrong is vanishingly small. Such conclusions and theories are then regarded as settled facts. This is the case for the conclusions that the Earth system is warming and that much of this warming is very likely due to human activities.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** {{Objection}} This is an {{W|argument from authority}}. Experts have been wrong many many times in the past and must prove their contentions like everybody else. Ex: 99.9% of bishops agree there is a God. This does not necessarily make it true. The global temperature has been increasing and variable for many thousand of years. The argument should be about whether change has become more rapid and how much of that is attributable to humans.
*** {{Objection}} Scientists know more about global warming than random people. Though all of us have equal rights, some people have more informed opinions and a better understanding of information than others.
*** {{Objection}} Yes, it's an argument from authority, but that doesn't change the fact that ~97% of experts agree. The argument should remain &quot;sustained&quot; and each reader will judge its weight. 
*** {{Objection}} Likening bishops to climate scientists is highly questionable. Climate scientists do prove their assertions with their work. A bishop is obligated to uphold the belief of God's existence, if a bishop is not doing so, why are they are a bishop? A scientist's purpose is not to uphold predetermined beliefs, but to discover what is objectively true through material evidence.
**** {{Objection}} Only mathematicians &quot;prove&quot; their assertions. If empirical scientists proved their assertions, they wouldn't have been wrong before. Empirical scientists can only provide strong arguments for their conclusions, but they can always be wrong, as so many of them have been before. Thus citing their authority is not enough. Their actual arguments must be provided.
***** {{Objection}} Scientist´ actual arguments were provided above, in the citations &lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nap&quot; /&gt;. There are tons of papers with concrete a strong arguments that prove that climate change is human-driven, like the IPCC reports (each consisting of about 1500 pages).
****** {{Objection}} Critical rationalism teaches us that there is no such thing as a &quot;proof&quot; in natural sciences. Any claim needs to be falsifiable, otherwise it would be unscientific. Going back to the question of whether there is a God or not: This is clearly neither verifiable nor falsifiable, which makes it an unscientific statement. So saying that tons of papers prove something is not true. They may provide overwhelming evidence that leads to a certain conclusion to become the widely-accepted &quot;expert opinion&quot;. But we could always discover something else, maybe something more fundamental or something we had simply overlooked, that will rapidly change our conclusions. People believed for millennia that the sun was rotating around Earth. They had - what they thought - were strong arguments, watching it rise in the morning and set in the evening. They had - due to a lack of fast communication or travel - no idea that the time of day would be different in various places on Earth. So they arrived at a conclusion, which was only falsified much much later through an influx of new contradicting evidence that they couldn't have predicted earlier. In summary, it is important not to fall into the trap of looking for verifiability in natural sciences. Of course, we want to battle-test our theories by comparing their predictions against experimental evidence. But while a failed experiment can prove a theory wrong, a successful experiment can never prove a theory right.

=== Con ===

* {{Argument against}} Science shows that climate change is happening but not that it's influenced by human activity.{{Citation needed}}
** {{Objection}} That is actually the opposite of what the science says: virtually all climate scientists agree that human activity is accelerating any natural process of global warming.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc2&quot; /&gt;
*** {{Objection}} That is not entirely accurate. The science is often using abductive reasoning and is also using &quot;[[wikipedia:Post_hoc_ergo_propter_hoc|post hoc, ergo propter hoc]]&quot; arguments by looking at correlations and extrapolating. Much is overstated and used to back up one political narrative whereas looking at actual data suggests a more complex argument is needed. For instance roughly 60% of the greenhouse effect is caused by natural water vapor (i.e. clouds), not CO2. Methane is often also discussed. Methane is indeed 25× more potent than CO2 as a greenhouse gas, however the concentration is 1/200th that of CO2 in the atmosphere so its contribution is effectively negligible—especially as it also comes from natural sources such as the wetlands we keep preserving so not all of it can be prevented. It is true that only part of this addition gets absorbed again and hence the effect is incremental but we also need to acknowledge natural processes have a habit of correcting themselves such as high CO2 encourages more growth of carbon sinks.
**** {{Objection}} There are no quotes from a high-impact peer-reviewed article to prove this point. Without citation, this &quot;argument&quot; is invalid.
**** {{Objection}} &quot;Looking at correlations and extrapolating&quot; is a key element of science and it's not abduction but induction: one of the {{W|History of scientific method|pillars of the scientific method}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;scimeth&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/scientific-method/|title=Scientific Method|date=2015-11-13|last1=Andersen|first1=Hannah|last2=Hepburn|first2=Brian|work=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|quote=Among the activities often identified as characteristic of science are systematic observation and experimentation, inductive and deductive reasoning, and the formation and testing of hypotheses and theories.}}&lt;/ref&gt; If humans have such a small impact on global warming, then why would we curb our pollution? The argument that overstatements may embolden the opposition is also irrelevant if no one is overstating them: ''which'' statements are inaccurate?
* {{Argument against}} The most extensive melting of polar ice caps occurred in 2005. The second most extensive melting of polar ice caps occurred in 2016.{{Citation needed}} The sunspot cycle, the major one, has a period of 11.2 years. This suggests that humans are a secondary cause, not the primary one.
** {{Objection}} All this shows is that human climate impact aligning with the sunspot cycle increases global temperatures more than solely human impact. Humans can still be the primary cause with the sunspot cycling still having an effect.
** {{Objection}} It's true that the sunspots have an 11.2 year cycle, and that it affects Earth climate. However, data shows that since ~1960 solar irradiance has steadily declined irrespective of sunspot cycles, while Earth temperature has increased.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://climate.nasa.gov/ask-nasa-climate/2910/what-is-the-suns-role-in-climate-change/|title=What Is the Sun's Role in Climate Change?|last=Change|first=NASA Global Climate|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=2022-08-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** {{Objection}} The melting of polar ice caps is not the only indicator of global warming. Still, polar ice caps are actually melting&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/aug/29/major-sea-level-rise-caused-by-melting-of-greenland-ice-cap-is-now-inevitable-27cm-climate|title=Major sea-level rise caused by melting of Greenland ice cap is ‘now inevitable’|date=2022-08-29|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2022-09-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; at an alarming rate.
** {{Objection}} I has been said that &quot;This suggests that humans are a secondary cause, not the primary one&quot;, but no high-impact, peer-reviewed article is cited to prove it. Please provide it, otherwise it´s an opinion, not an argument.

== See also ==

* [[Should we use nuclear energy?]]

== Notes and references ==

{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Earth sciences]]
[[Category:Global warming]]</text>
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    <title>Did the United States need to use atomic weapons to end World War II?</title>
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{{History}}
{{Politics}}

The Allied victory in World War II came at a high cost to both sides. The Pacific theater was only won after the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan (the only time that nuclear weapons have been used in warfare). Was this decision necessary? Would the Japanese have capitulated due to conventional warfare anyway? Did the use of A-bombs hasten the end and actually save lives? Could the same goals have been achieved with just one of the bombs?

== The United States did need to use atomic weapons to end World War II ==

=== Pro ===

* {{Argument for}} The terrorist planes of Japan destroyed the majestic [[Wikipedia:Pearl Harbor|Pearl Harbor]] of the United States in December 1941. To send the reply of the attack to Japan, the US was to use the atomic weapons.
** {{Objection}} The nuclear attack was almost 4 years after Pearl Harbor, and killed several times more people—mostly civilians.
*** {{Objection}} The United States wanted a quick end to the war, which has already killed millions. China experienced the worst, with 20 million mostly civilians losing their lives under the Japanese war machine. The United States knew the Japanese were not going to surrender easily, so there were two main options; either undergo a land invasion, which would kill hundreds of thousands, possibly millions more, cost both countries dearly in terms of money, resources, life, and drag the war for many years, or to send a quick and decisive message to the Japanese government. The deaths in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki are only a drop in the bucket compared to the total death toll in World War 2. It was a necessary sacrifice that would ultimately save millions. 
* {{Argument for}} The Japanese mentality at this time was heavily based in loyalty to the emperor and Japan, even at the ultimate cost. The island-hopping campaign had been incredibly hard on both armies, but this Japanese mentality didn't seem to die. As the U.S. forces approached the Japanese mainland, the fighting was even more brutal. Iwo Jima and Okinawa combined killed a similar number of Japanese military and normal citizens as Hiroshima and Nagasaki, mainly in Okinawa. In Okinawa, close to 100,000 Japanese troops were killed as well as ~150,000 Okinawan civilians. It is certainly plausible that these numbers, representing about 1/4 of Okinawa's population, would be felt in mainland Japan, more likely several times over. The dropping of the atomic bombs was certainly morally grey, but it was a necessary evil to prevent unnecessary casualties.
** {{Objection}} It was not a necessary evil given the fact that the Japanese, at this point in the war, had given up on victory and were simply trying to negotiate a peace with the soviets, unaware of their looming invasion of Manchuria. The only reason that a peace hadn't been negotiated up to that point was because of the fact that the japanese government were still holding out hope for a soviet peace deal, eventually forcing them to negotiate with the Americans given the high support for peace in the japanese government

=== Con ===

* {{Argument against}} The Japanese had already engaged in negotiations with the Soviets to end the war, they just needed more time to finalize the details and wrest control of Japanese society from the generals to the emperor.
** {{Objection}} Did it necessitate the US ceasing hostilities against Japan until negotiations were concluded, if they were to conclude, and possibly against American objectives?
* {{Argument against}} During The Fog of War biography of Robert Mcnarma, United States Secretary of defense, described the fire bombing of Japanese cities and the corresponding sized American cities. The number of cities is staggering large. In one night the United States burned to death 100,000 citizens of Tokyo. A much larger death toll then the combined nuclear attacks. The United States had no problem killing large numbers of Japanese. Ethically or physically. Would it be more moral to kill less Japanese and have 10,000s United States troops slaughtered on the beaches? Would you care to explain that at your impeachment hearings Mr. President? There was no question that the USA would use the nuclear bombs. Too much time, energy and effort went into producing them, to not use them. Could the USA have won the war without the nuclear bombs, yes, but how many more Japanese cities would be destroyed(or lives on both sides lost)? What would 'victory' look like?
** {{Objection}} Does this belong on pro?
* {{Argument against}} As formulated, the answer is a clear and unequivocal no. Since, the question asks whether they did ''need'', not whether it was the ''best course of action''. Surely it was possible to end the war without the atomic weapons, at the cost of American lives. A more interesting question and the one usually discussed is whether the United States ''should'' have used the atomic weapons the way they did.
* {{Argument against}} The USA did not need to use atomic weapons, and it did not even need to use atomic weapons to win the war, but it did use atomic weapons to save American lives.

== See also ==
* [[Is World War III inevitable?]]
* [[Should we use nuclear energy?]]
* [[Is capitalism sustainable?]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

[[Category:World War II]]
[[Category:20th century in the United States]]
[[Category:Nuclear weapons]]
[[Category:History of Japan]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5549" sha1="6m1zpz4s4zmr1hkppc1btrkzydzk9ob" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidebate}}
{{History}}
{{Politics}}

The Allied victory in World War II came at a high cost to both sides. The Pacific theater was only won after the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan (the only time that nuclear weapons have been used in warfare). Was this decision necessary? Would the Japanese have capitulated due to conventional warfare anyway? Did the use of A-bombs hasten the end and actually save lives? Could the same goals have been achieved with just one of the bombs?

== The United States did need to use atomic weapons to end World War II ==

=== Pro ===

* {{Argument for}} The terrorist planes of Japan destroyed the majestic [[Wikipedia:Pearl Harbor|Pearl Harbor]] of the United States in December 1941. To send the reply of the attack to Japan, the US was to use the atomic weapons.
** {{Objection}} The nuclear attack was almost 4 years after Pearl Harbor, and killed several times more people—mostly civilians.
*** {{Objection}} The United States wanted a quick end to the war, which has already killed millions. China experienced the worst, with 20 million mostly civilians losing their lives under the Japanese war machine. The United States knew the Japanese were not going to surrender easily, so there were two main options; either undergo a land invasion, which would kill hundreds of thousands, possibly millions more, cost both countries dearly in terms of money, resources, life, and drag the war for many years, or to send a quick and decisive message to the Japanese government. The deaths in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki are only a drop in the bucket compared to the total death toll in World War 2. It was a necessary sacrifice that would ultimately save millions. 
* {{Argument for}} The Japanese mentality at this time was heavily based in loyalty to the emperor and Japan, even at the ultimate cost. The island-hopping campaign had been incredibly hard on both armies, but this Japanese mentality didn't seem to die. As the U.S. forces approached the Japanese mainland, the fighting was even more brutal. Iwo Jima and Okinawa combined killed a similar number of Japanese military and normal citizens as Hiroshima and Nagasaki, mainly in Okinawa. In Okinawa, close to 100,000 Japanese troops were killed as well as ~150,000 Okinawan civilians. It is certainly plausible that these numbers, representing about 1/4 of Okinawa's population, would be felt in mainland Japan, more likely several times over. The dropping of the atomic bombs was certainly morally grey, but it was a necessary evil to prevent unnecessary casualties.
** {{Objection}} It was not a necessary evil given the fact that the Japanese, at this point in the war, had given up on victory and were simply trying to negotiate a peace with the soviets, unaware of their looming invasion of Manchuria. The only reason that a peace hadn't been negotiated up to that point was because of the fact that the japanese government were still holding out hope for a soviet peace deal, eventually forcing them to negotiate with the Americans given the high support for peace in the japanese government

=== Con ===

* {{Argument against}} The Japanese had already engaged in negotiations with the Soviets to end the war, they just needed more time to finalize the details and wrest control of Japanese society from the generals to the emperor.
** {{Objection}} Did it necessitate the US ceasing hostilities against Japan until negotiations were concluded, if they were to conclude, and possibly against American objectives?
* {{Argument against}} During The Fog of War biography of Robert Mcnarma, United States Secretary of defense, described the fire bombing of Japanese cities and the corresponding sized American cities. The number of cities is staggering large. In one night the United States burned to death 100,000 citizens of Tokyo. A much larger death toll then the combined nuclear attacks. The United States had no problem killing large numbers of Japanese. Ethically or physically. Would it be more moral to kill less Japanese and have 10,000s United States troops slaughtered on the beaches? Would you care to explain that at your impeachment hearings Mr. President? There was no question that the USA would use the nuclear bombs. Too much time, energy and effort went into producing them, to not use them. Could the USA have won the war without the nuclear bombs, yes, but how many more Japanese cities would be destroyed(or lives on both sides lost)? What would 'victory' look like?
** {{Objection}} Does this belong on pro?
* {{Argument against}} As formulated, the answer is a clear and unequivocal no. Since, the question asks whether they did ''need'', not whether it was the ''best course of action''. Surely it was possible to end the war without the atomic weapons, at the cost of American lives. A more interesting question and the one usually discussed is whether the United States ''should'' have used the atomic weapons the way they did.
** {{Objection}} Your pedantry is frankly infuriating. What would your answer be to your proposed question?
* {{Argument against}} The USA did not need to use atomic weapons, and it did not even need to use atomic weapons to win the war, but it did use atomic weapons to save American lives.

== See also ==
* [[Is World War III inevitable?]]
* [[Should we use nuclear energy?]]
* [[Is capitalism sustainable?]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

[[Category:World War II]]
[[Category:20th century in the United States]]
[[Category:Nuclear weapons]]
[[Category:History of Japan]]</text>
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      <id>2717912</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-05T20:22:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>71.245.121.128</ip>
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      <text bytes="5649" sha1="b4z9kf2e0msnqbikyutbc61lur56euo" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidebate}}
{{History}}
{{Politics}}

The Allied victory in World War II came at a high cost to both sides. The Pacific theater was only won after the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan (the only time that nuclear weapons have been used in warfare). Was this decision necessary? Would the Japanese have capitulated due to conventional warfare anyway? Did the use of A-bombs hasten the end and actually save lives? Could the same goals have been achieved with just one of the bombs?

== The United States did need to use atomic weapons to end World War II ==

=== Pro ===

* {{Argument for}} The terrorist planes of Japan destroyed the majestic [[Wikipedia:Pearl Harbor|Pearl Harbor]] of the United States in December 1941. To send the reply of the attack to Japan, the US was to use the atomic weapons.
** {{Objection}} The nuclear attack was almost 4 years after Pearl Harbor, and killed several times more people—mostly civilians.
*** {{Objection}} The United States wanted a quick end to the war, which has already killed millions. China experienced the worst, with 20 million mostly civilians losing their lives under the Japanese war machine. The United States knew the Japanese were not going to surrender easily, so there were two main options; either undergo a land invasion, which would kill hundreds of thousands, possibly millions more, cost both countries dearly in terms of money, resources, life, and drag the war for many years, or to send a quick and decisive message to the Japanese government. The deaths in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki are only a drop in the bucket compared to the total death toll in World War 2. It was a necessary sacrifice that would ultimately save millions. 
* {{Argument for}} The Japanese mentality at this time was heavily based in loyalty to the emperor and Japan, even at the ultimate cost. The island-hopping campaign had been incredibly hard on both armies, but this Japanese mentality didn't seem to die. As the U.S. forces approached the Japanese mainland, the fighting was even more brutal. Iwo Jima and Okinawa combined killed a similar number of Japanese military and normal citizens as Hiroshima and Nagasaki, mainly in Okinawa. In Okinawa, close to 100,000 Japanese troops were killed as well as ~150,000 Okinawan civilians. It is certainly plausible that these numbers, representing about 1/4 of Okinawa's population, would be felt in mainland Japan, more likely several times over. The dropping of the atomic bombs was certainly morally grey, but it was a necessary evil to prevent unnecessary casualties.
** {{Objection}} It was not a necessary evil given the fact that the Japanese, at this point in the war, had given up on victory and were simply trying to negotiate a peace with the soviets, unaware of their looming invasion of Manchuria. The only reason that a peace hadn't been negotiated up to that point was because of the fact that the japanese government were still holding out hope for a soviet peace deal, eventually forcing them to negotiate with the Americans given the high support for peace in the japanese government
*** {{Objection}} An opportunity to have peace was already offered through the Potsdam Declaration.

=== Con ===

* {{Argument against}} The Japanese had already engaged in negotiations with the Soviets to end the war, they just needed more time to finalize the details and wrest control of Japanese society from the generals to the emperor.
** {{Objection}} Did it necessitate the US ceasing hostilities against Japan until negotiations were concluded, if they were to conclude, and possibly against American objectives?
* {{Argument against}} During The Fog of War biography of Robert Mcnarma, United States Secretary of defense, described the fire bombing of Japanese cities and the corresponding sized American cities. The number of cities is staggering large. In one night the United States burned to death 100,000 citizens of Tokyo. A much larger death toll then the combined nuclear attacks. The United States had no problem killing large numbers of Japanese. Ethically or physically. Would it be more moral to kill less Japanese and have 10,000s United States troops slaughtered on the beaches? Would you care to explain that at your impeachment hearings Mr. President? There was no question that the USA would use the nuclear bombs. Too much time, energy and effort went into producing them, to not use them. Could the USA have won the war without the nuclear bombs, yes, but how many more Japanese cities would be destroyed(or lives on both sides lost)? What would 'victory' look like?
** {{Objection}} Does this belong on pro?
* {{Argument against}} As formulated, the answer is a clear and unequivocal no. Since, the question asks whether they did ''need'', not whether it was the ''best course of action''. Surely it was possible to end the war without the atomic weapons, at the cost of American lives. A more interesting question and the one usually discussed is whether the United States ''should'' have used the atomic weapons the way they did.
** {{Objection}} Your pedantry is frankly infuriating. What would your answer be to your proposed question?
* {{Argument against}} The USA did not need to use atomic weapons, and it did not even need to use atomic weapons to win the war, but it did use atomic weapons to save American lives.

== See also ==
* [[Is World War III inevitable?]]
* [[Should we use nuclear energy?]]
* [[Is capitalism sustainable?]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

[[Category:World War II]]
[[Category:20th century in the United States]]
[[Category:Nuclear weapons]]
[[Category:History of Japan]]</text>
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        <id>26584</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Cabayi moved page [[User talk:Chrisisreed]] to [[User talk:OneOldNewspaperFan]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Chrisisreed|Chrisisreed]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/OneOldNewspaperFan|OneOldNewspaperFan]]&quot;</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Dog's behaviour</title>
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      <id>2717864</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-03T17:40:46Z</timestamp>
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        <ip>152.157.130.171</ip>
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      <comment>/* Sniffing other dog's butt */</comment>
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      <text bytes="5238" sha1="las05tfx6tsh3jrcrnh7nl70icb6sy0" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup|grammar, spelling--good article, just listing the things to work on in this article. Keep up the work!}}
Dogs have fair share of behaviour to other animals that are truly baffling. As humans, it’s hard for us to make sense of many dog’s body language and slay Our pet dogs' desire to sniff butts, hump legs, and chase their own tails just doesn't make sense to us.

== Tail chasing ==
This amusing behaviour of dogs is to expend their excess energy. No medical issues are normally connected with it, but if your dog does this constantly, then it might have anal gland problems or flea allergy dermatitis. Chasing one's tail is also called whirling, this is quite natural behaviour often seen among different species of predators.
We often wonder what puppies would do if they caught their tails. One snap of the teeth is probably enough to teach most puppies that their tails are indeed attached to their bodies. Watching a puppy chase its tail can be very funny. If you laugh and give your puppy attention when it chases its tail it will say slay queen, your puppy may chase its tail more often when it wants more attention from you. Whether they learn that their tails are always going to be following them around or they just don't play as much anymore like whattt, older dogs tend not to chase their tails like puppies do. When older dogs chase their tails, it can be a sign that a trip to the veterinarian might be a good idea. For example, older dogs might chase their tails if they have fleas or worms. Tail chasing in older dogs can also be a sign of a behavioral problem. Like humans, dogs can develop compulsive disorders. Sometimes these disorders cause dogs to chew or lick themselves. In other cases, they can cause them to chase their tails for no apparent reason.

== Eating feces ==
The habit is just plain gross. Reasons may vary behind Coprophagia (the medical term for consuming feces). She does so, maybe because she is hungry or could be because she likes the taste and the smell. It’s possible that she is missing key nutrients from her diet. She might just think it's fun. It’s definitely not a behaviour humans want to dwell on. Eating feces is normal with many different animal species. In dogs, it is not part of the digestive process, but it is a normal cleaning behaviour in mother dogs with pups. Some dogs eat stool even without puppies in a misguided attempt to clean either the yard or their kennel. This can easily turn into a habit.
Another reason can be malnourished dogs who lack nutrients in their diet or are unable to digest the nutrients in their food may resort to eating partially digested food in poop in order to meet their nutritional needs. Consult your vet about the best diet for your dog, and also to rule out any existing medical problem associated with coprophagia, the scientific name for the act of dogs eating their own or other animals’ feces.

== Howling ==
Wait, what! We thought wolves howl, but yes, dogs howl too at times. Another strange way of behaviour. Since wolves and dogs share the same ancestor, it could be just a behaviour passed on from their ancestral cousins. According to the behaviorists, howling is instinctively rewarding and necessary for dogs. 
Howling is one of many forms of vocal communication used by dogs. Dogs howl to attract attention, to make contact with others and to announce their presence. Some dogs also howl in response to high-pitched sounds, such as emergency vehicle sirens or musical instruments.

== Humping ==
Dogs humping objects, toys, and other dogs does not always mean sexual behaviour. The dog humps because he is excited and seeking attention. This behavior could bring quite an embarrassment when the dog does it to you that is why you can always use toys to redirect your dog. Toys always work well. Dogs often mount and hump their littermates, other playmates, people, and toys. Some experts believe that this behavior functions as practice for future sexual encounters. As puppies reach sexual maturity, they start to mount other dogs in sexual contexts. Often, during courtship, females in heat mount and hump their male “suitors.” Female dogs also commonly mount and hump other females when one or both are in heat.

== Head tilting ==
Your dog's eyes always trained(?) on you with her head tilt a little. Chances are, she is hoping you are going to give her a treat. But sometimes her direct eye contact means threatening. She is annoyed for some good reason and it's time you pamper her.
Even though dogs can hear frequencies we can’t, they’re actually not as good as humans at finding out where a sound is coming from. Some experts believe that when a dog tilts its head, it’s trying to adjust the pinnae, or outer ears, to better detect where a sound is coming from. So when you’re making a weird noise, your dog might be thinking, “That’s weird. I better find out if that sound is really coming from my human.”

== Sniffing other dog's butt ==
This is dog’s way of saying ‘’hello, nice to meet you’’, to another dog. In the human world, this behaviour can land one in jail, but in dog's world this is a socially acceptable form of greeting.

[[Category:Animal psychology]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5211" sha1="bjjnnqqr0cd4rkpe2pzodnq8qmjqw5m" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup|grammar, spelling--good article, just listing the things to work on in this article. Keep up the work!}}
Dogs have fair share of behaviour to other animals that are truly baffling. As humans, it’s hard for us to make sense of many dog’s body language and social cues. Our pet dogs' desire to sniff butts, hump legs, and chase their own tails just doesn't make sense to us.

== Tail chasing ==
This amusing behaviour of dogs is to expend their excess energy. No medical issues are normally connected with it, but if your dog does this constantly, then it might have anal gland problems or flea allergy dermatitis. Chasing one's tail is also called whirling, this is quite natural behaviour often seen among different species of predators.
We often wonder what puppies would do if they caught their tails. One snap of the teeth is probably enough to teach most puppies that their tails are indeed attached to their bodies. Watching a puppy chase its tail can be very funny. If you laugh and give your puppy attention when it chases its tail, your puppy may chase its tail more often when it wants more attention from you. Whether they learn that their tails are always going to be following them around or they just don't play as much anymore, older dogs tend not to chase their tails like puppies do. When older dogs chase their tails, it can be a sign that a trip to the veterinarian might be a good idea. For example, older dogs might chase their tails if they have fleas or worms. Tail chasing in older dogs can also be a sign of a behavioral problem. Like humans, dogs can develop compulsive disorders. Sometimes these disorders cause dogs to chew or lick themselves. In other cases, they can cause them to chase their tails for no apparent reason.

== Eating feces ==
The habit is just plain gross. Reasons may vary behind Coprophagia (the medical term for consuming feces). She does so, maybe because she is hungry or could be because she likes the taste and the smell. It’s possible that she is missing key nutrients from her diet. She might just think it's fun. It’s definitely not a behaviour humans want to dwell on. Eating feces is normal with many different animal species. In dogs, it is not part of the digestive process, but it is a normal cleaning behaviour in mother dogs with pups. Some dogs eat stool even without puppies in a misguided attempt to clean either the yard or their kennel. This can easily turn into a habit.
Another reason can be malnourished dogs who lack nutrients in their diet or are unable to digest the nutrients in their food may resort to eating partially digested food in poop in order to meet their nutritional needs. Consult your vet about the best diet for your dog, and also to rule out any existing medical problem associated with coprophagia, the scientific name for the act of dogs eating their own or other animals’ feces.

== Howling ==
Wait, what! We thought wolves howl, but yes, dogs howl too at times. Another strange way of behaviour. Since wolves and dogs share the same ancestor, it could be just a behaviour passed on from their ancestral cousins. According to the behaviorists, howling is instinctively rewarding and necessary for dogs. 
Howling is one of many forms of vocal communication used by dogs. Dogs howl to attract attention, to make contact with others and to announce their presence. Some dogs also howl in response to high-pitched sounds, such as emergency vehicle sirens or musical instruments.

== Humping ==
Dogs humping objects, toys, and other dogs does not always mean sexual behaviour. The dog humps because he is excited and seeking attention. This behavior could bring quite an embarrassment when the dog does it to you that is why you can always use toys to redirect your dog. Toys always work well. Dogs often mount and hump their littermates, other playmates, people, and toys. Some experts believe that this behavior functions as practice for future sexual encounters. As puppies reach sexual maturity, they start to mount other dogs in sexual contexts. Often, during courtship, females in heat mount and hump their male “suitors.” Female dogs also commonly mount and hump other females when one or both are in heat.

== Head tilting ==
Your dog's eyes always trained(?) on you with her head tilt a little. Chances are, she is hoping you are going to give her a treat. But sometimes her direct eye contact means threatening. She is annoyed for some good reason and it's time you pamper her.
Even though dogs can hear frequencies we can’t, they’re actually not as good as humans at finding out where a sound is coming from. Some experts believe that when a dog tilts its head, it’s trying to adjust the pinnae, or outer ears, to better detect where a sound is coming from. So when you’re making a weird noise, your dog might be thinking, “That’s weird. I better find out if that sound is really coming from my human.”

== Sniffing other dog's butt ==
This is dog’s way of saying ‘’hello, nice to meet you’’, to another dog. In the human world, this behaviour can land one in jail, but in dog's world this is a socially acceptable form of greeting.

[[Category:Animal psychology]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User:Platos Cave (physics)</title>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-05T03:13:03Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Platos Cave (physics)</username>
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      <text bytes="7446" sha1="hohsfnnnx6evmhx9vt2ymtkymom0fuv" xml:space="preserve">'''Project: Coding a deep-universe (Programmer-God) simulation-hypothesis model'''

The [[w:simulation hypothesis |simulation hypothesis]] is the proposal that all of reality, including the Earth and the rest of the universe, could be an artificial simulation, such as a computer simulation. 

The commonly postulated [[w:Ancestor_simulation |ancestor simulation]] approach, which [[w:Nick Bostrom |Nick Bostrom]] called &quot;the simulation argument&quot;, argues for &quot;high-fidelity&quot; simulations of ancestral life that would be indistinguishable from reality to the simulated ancestor. However this simulation variant can be traced back to an 'organic base reality' (the original programmer ancestors and their physical planet). 

The Programmer God hypothesis conversely states that a (deep universe) simulation began with the big bang and was programmed by an external intelligence (external to the physical universe), the Programmer by definition a God in the creator of the universe context. Our universe in its entirety, down to the smallest detail, and including life-forms, is within the simulation, the Laws of Nature, at their most fundamental level, are coded rules running on top of the simulation Operating System. 


====Objective====
To determine the feasibility of the Programmer God Simulation Hypothesis using dimensionless geometries at the Planck scale. Notably, any candidate for a Programmer-God simulation-universe source code must satisfy these conditions;
:1. It can generate physical structures from mathematical forms.
:2. The sum universe is dimensionless (simply data on a celestial hard disk).
:3. We must be able to use it to derive the laws of physics (because the source code is the origin of the laws of nature, and the laws of physics are our observations of the laws of nature).
:4. The mathematical logic must be unknown to us (the Programmer is a non-human intelligence).
:5. The coding should have an 'elegance' commensurate with the Programmer's level of skill.


====Mathematical Electron====
The Mathematical Electron is an example of a deep-universe (Programmer God) simulation hypothesis model.

This is a geometrical model of the universe based on the formula for the electron (as a mathematical particle). It operates at the Planck scale and requires 2 physical constants, the [[w:fine structure constant |fine structure constant alpha]] and [[v:Planck_units_(geometrical)#Omega |Omega]] (although Omega has a possible solution from 2 mathematical constants [[w:pi |pi]] and [[w:E_(mathematical_constant) |e]]). 

The model also uses integers (from an expanding universe), although the integers may also have geometrical origins ([[v:Black-hole_(Planck)#Spiral_expansion |spiral expansion]]), and as both ''pi'' and ''e'' can be derived from integers in series, this universe model may require only 1 fundamental constant (alpha). This alpha appears to form a particle 'super-structure' on top of the Planck unit 'scaffolding'.

Omega and pi form the Planck units (mass, length, time) as geometrical shapes (objects), and along with alpha form particles (and charge) as complex geometrical objects (constructs of underlying Planck objects). The function (mass, length, time ...) is built into the geometry, the geometry for time dictates the function of time and so forth.

To switch between dimensioned constants and dimensionless geometries, the model first reduces the 4 SI units (kg, m, s, A) to 2 units, and these can then be cancelled; units = 1 (and vice versa). The sqrt of momentum is offered as the link between the charge domain and the mass domain.

The electron is a geometrical formula that embeds the Planck units as well as the information required to form the dimensioned electron parameters. And so although these parameters are dimensioned, the electron itself is not.

The universe is a 4-axis hypersphere expanding at the speed of light in discrete Planck unit steps, thus forming a dual structure with the observed (particle) universe (of relative motion) on the surface of the hypersphere. Relativity formulas translate between these 2 structures. The expansion is the origin of all motion (pulling particles with it), particle do not have independent motion of their own.

Forces are replaced by a network of particle-particle orbital pairing. Each orbital pair rotates per unit of Planck time, gravitational orbits between macro-objects emerge over time from these Planck scale rotations.

Particles are not fixed entities but repeating oscillations spread over time (duration = particle frequency) between an electric wave-state and a mass point-state (mass is not a constant property). Particles therefore do not exist at unit Planck time (likewise therefore quantum states cannot be considered at the Planck scale).

Electron transition between atomic orbitals is treated semi-classically as a gravitational orbit, the electron following a spiral path between orbitals, quantization (n-levels) occurring naturally as a direct function of pi (2π, 8/3π, 3π ...) along the spiral path. The point-state Bohr model emerges from this gravitational spiral, thus the transition process itself combines the gravitational Bohr model with the electric wave-state Schrodinger equation. Bohr and Schrodinger are therefore complementary, each representing a different particle state (the model uses the 2 states instead of 2 forces). The supposed weakness of gravity is statistical rather than physical (at the Planck scale it is equivalent to the strong force).

Rather than following externally coded rules, this universe (model) is geometrically autonomous, the electron orbit of a proton derives from geometrical imperatives; the respective geometries of both particles.

An AI generated podcast summary of the model;   https://codingthecosmos.com/#podcast-summary


====Sections====
* [[God (programmer)]]: An introduction to the model (overview of a Planck scale universe)


* [[Planck_units_(geometrical)]]: Planck units as geometrical forms


* [[Electron_(mathematical)]]: Formula for a geometrical electron 


* [[Physical_constant_(anomaly)]]: Anomalies in the physical constants as evidence of a Simulation Universe


* [[Quantum_gravity_(Planck)]]: Replaces gravitational force with rotating particle-particle orbital pairs


* [[Fine-structure_constant_(spiral)]]: Quantum n-levels in the H atom emerge from the geometry of pi


* [[Relativity_(Planck)]]: A 4-axis hypersphere universe to derive motion and relativity


* [[Black-hole_(Planck)]]: Compares ΛCDM CMB with the Planck unit hypersphere CMB


====External links====
* [https://codingthecosmos.com/ Reference site for Programmer God source material...]
* [http://www.simulation-argument.com/ Simulation Argument] -Nick Bostrom's website
* [https://www.amazon.com/Our-Mathematical-Universe-Ultimate-Reality/dp/0307599809 Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality] -Max Tegmark (Book)
* [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0133093/ The Matrix, (1999)]
* [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pythagoras/ Pythagoras &quot;all is number&quot;] - Stanford University
* [[w:Simulation Hypothesis | Simulation Hypothesis]]
* [[w:Mathematical universe hypothesis | Mathematical universe hypothesis]]
* [[w:Philosophy of mathematics | Philosophy of mathematics]]
* [[w:Philosophy of physics | Philosophy of physics]]
* [[w:Platonism | Platonism]]


[[Category: Physics]]
[[Category: Philosophy of science]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Bnhassin</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>2717845</id>
      <parentid>2717450</parentid>
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      <comment>/* Tech News: 2025-23 */ new section</comment>
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      <text bytes="803289" sha1="cqhdpfrqhatcyye07qmi2n9udcfbxjp" xml:space="preserve">== First Message Posting ==

Update Talk on Wikiversity [[User:Bnhassin|Bnhassin]] ([[User talk:Bnhassin|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Bnhassin|contribs]]) 21:04, 29 June 2019 (UTC)

== Update Sandbox User ==

==  Posting to sandbox == 

Update Sandbox on Wikiversity [[User:Bnhassin/sandbox]] ([[User talk:Bnhassin|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Bnhassin|contribs]])[[User:Bnhassin|Bnhassin]] ([[User talk:Bnhassin|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Bnhassin|contribs]]) 11:04, 25 October 2020 (UTC)

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/50|Tech News: 2020-50]] ==

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Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/50|Translations]] are available.

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Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can choose to be reminded when you have not added an edit summary. This can be done in your preferences. This could conflict with the [[:w:en:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHA]]. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12729]
* You can link to specific log entries. You can get these links for example by clicking the timestamps in the log. Until now, such links to private log entries showed no entry even if you had permission to view private log entries. The links now show the entry. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269761]
* Admins can use the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter tool]] to automatically prevent bad edits. Three changes happened last week:
** The filter editing interface now shows syntax errors while you type. This is similar to JavaScript pages. It also shows a warning for regular expressions that match the empty string. New warnings will be added later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187686]
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:Oversighters|Oversighters]] can now hide multiple filter log entries at once using checkboxes on [[Special:AbuseLog]]. This is how the usual revision deletion works. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T260904]
** When a filter matches too many actions after it has been changed it is &quot;throttled&quot;. The most powerful actions are disabled. This is to avoid many editors getting blocked when an administrator made a mistake. The administrator will now get a notification about this &quot;throttle&quot;.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new tool to [https://skins.wmflabs.org/?#/add build new skins]. You can also [https://skins.wmflabs.org/?#/ see] existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Skins|skins]]. You can [[mw:User talk:Jdlrobson|give feedback]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-December/094130.html]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Bots using the API no longer watch pages automatically based on account preferences. Setting the &lt;code&gt;watchlist&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;watch&lt;/code&gt; will still work. This is to reduce the size of the watchlist data in the database. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258108]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto's]] [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#File metadata|file metadata]] now includes length. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209679]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:w:en:CSS|CSS]] and [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] code pages now have link anchors to [https://patchdemo.wmflabs.org/wikis/40e4795d4448b55a6d8c46ff414bcf78/w/index.php/MediaWiki:En.js#L-125 line numbers]. You can use wikilinks like [[:w:en:MediaWiki:Common.js#L-50]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29531]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] There was a [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki last week. You can read [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.25/Changelog|a detailed log]] of all 763 changes. Most of them are very small and will not affect you.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W02&quot;/&gt; 15:42, 11 January 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/03|Tech News: 2021-03]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|Growth team]] plans to add features to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer tasks/Experiment analysis, November 2020|get more visitors to edit]] to more Wikipedias. You can help [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=ext-growthexperiments&amp;language=&amp;filter=&amp;action=translate translating the interface].
* You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for a short time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210126T07 {{#time:j xg|2021-01-26|en}} at 07:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271791]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|MassMessage]] posts could be automatically timestamped in the future. This is because MassMessage senders can now send pages using MassMessage. Pages are more difficult to sign. If there are times when a MassMessage post should not be timestamped you can [[phab:T270435|let the developers know]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/03|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W03&quot;/&gt; 16:10, 18 January 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/04|Tech News: 2021-04]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for a short time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210126T07 {{#time:j xg|2021-01-26|en}} at 07:00 (UTC)]. You will not be able to read or edit [[:wikitech:Main Page|Wikitech]] for a short time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210128T09 {{#time:j xg|2021-01-28|en}} at 09:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271791][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272388]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|Bracket matching]] will be added to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] syntax highlighter on the first wikis. The first wikis are German and Catalan Wikipedia and maybe other Wikimedia wikis. This will happen on 27 January. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270238]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W04&quot;/&gt; 18:31, 25 January 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/05|Tech News: 2021-05]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* [[:w:en:IPv6|IPv6 addresses]] were written in lowercase letters in diffs. This caused dead links since [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] only accepted uppercase letters for the IPs. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272225]

'''Changes later this week'''
* You can soon use Wikidata to link to pages on the multilingual Wikisource. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138332]
* Often editors use a &quot;non-breaking space&quot; to make a gap between two items when reading but still show them together. This can be used to avoid a line break. You will now be able to add new ones via the special character tool in the 2010, 2017, and visual editors. The character will be shown in the visual editor as a space with a grey background. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T70429][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T96666]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=| Advanced item]] Wikis use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] to stop bad edits being made. Filter maintainers can now use syntax like &lt;code&gt;1.2.3.4 - 1.2.3.55&lt;/code&gt; as well as the &lt;code&gt;1.2.3.4/27&lt;/code&gt; syntax for IP ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218074]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[mw:Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] is the skin Wikimedia wikis use for mobile traffic. When a page is protected and you can't edit it you can normally read the source wikicode. This doesn't work on Minerva on mobile devices. This is being fixed. Some text might overlap. This is because your community needs to update [[MediaWiki:Protectedpagetext|MediaWiki:Protectedpagetext]] to work on mobile. You can [[phab:T208827|read more]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Inline_styles_should_not_use_properties_that_impact_sizing_and_positioning][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Avoid_tables_for_anything_except_data]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] and [[:wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] will change the IP address they use to contact the wikis. The new IP address will be &lt;code&gt;185.15.56.1&lt;/code&gt;. This will happen on February 8. You can [[:wikitech:News/CloudVPS NAT wikis|read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W05&quot;/&gt; 22:38, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/06|Tech News: 2021-06]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android now has watchlists and talk pages in the app. [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia]

'''Changes later this week'''
* You can see edits to chosen pages on [[Special:Watchlist|Special:Watchlist]]. You can add pages to your watchlist on every wiki you like. The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|GlobalWatchlist]] extension will come to Meta on 11 February. There you can see entries on watched pages on different wikis on the same page. The new watchlist will be found on [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Special:GlobalWatchlist]] on Meta. You can choose which wikis to watch and other preferences on [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlistSettings|Special:GlobalWatchlistSettings]] on Meta. You can watch up to five wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T260862]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* When admins [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protecting and unprotecting pages|protect]] pages the form will use the [[mw:UX standardization|OOUI look]]. [[Special:Import|Special:Import]] will also get the new look. This will make them easier to use on mobile phones. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235424][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108792]
* Some services will not work for a short period of time from 07:00 UTC on 17 February. There might be problems with new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|short links]], new translations, new notifications, adding new items to your [[mw:Reading/Reading Lists|reading lists]] or recording [[:w:en:Email#Tracking of sent mail|email bounces]]. This is because of database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273758]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[m:Tech/News/2021/05|Last week]] Tech News reported that the IP address [[:wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] and [[:wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] use to contact the wikis will change on 8 February. This is delayed. It will happen later instead. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/CloudVPS_NAT_wikis]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W06&quot;/&gt; 17:42, 8 February 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21082948 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/07|Tech News: 2021-07]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* There were problems with recent versions of MediaWiki.  Because the updates caused problems the developers rolled back to an earlier version. Some updates and new functions will come later than planned. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2021-February/094255.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2021-February/094271.html]
* Some services will not work for a short period of time from 07:00 UTC on 17 February. There might be problems with new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|short links]], new translations, new notifications, adding new items to your [[mw:Reading/Reading Lists|reading lists]] or recording [[:w:en:Email#Tracking of sent mail|email bounces]]. This is because of database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273758]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.31|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W07&quot;/&gt; 17:56, 15 February 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/08|Tech News: 2021-08]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The visual editor will now use [[:c:Commons:Structured data/Media search|MediaSearch]] to find images. You can search for images on Commons in the visual editor when you are looking for illustrations. This is to help editors find better images. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259896]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlighter]] now works with more languages: [[:w:en:Futhark (programming language)|Futhark]], [[:w:en:Graphviz|Graphviz]]/[[:w:en:DOT (graph description language)|DOT]], CDDL and AMDGPU. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274741]

'''Problems'''
* Editing a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EasyTimeline|timeline]] might have removed all text from it. This was because of a bug and has been fixed. You might need to edit the timeline again for it to show properly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274822]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.32|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a [[:m:Wikimedia Rust developers user group|user group]] for developers and users interested in working on Wikimedia wikis with the [[:w:en:Rust (programming language)|Rust programming language]]. You can join or tell others who want to make your wiki better in the future.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;

----

00:17, 23 February 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21134058 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/09|Tech News: 2021-09]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*  Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth team tools]] can now show the name of a newcomer's mentor anywhere [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship/Integrating_mentorship|through a magic word]]. This can be used for welcome messages or userboxes.
* A new version of the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:VideoCutTool|VideoCutTool]] is now available. It enables cropping, trimming, audio disabling, and rotating video content. It is being created as part of the developer outreach programs.

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Job queue|job queue]]. This meant some functions did not save changes and mass messages were delayed. This did not affect wiki edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275437]
* Some editors may not be logged in to their accounts automatically in the latest versions of Firefox and Safari. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226797]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.33|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;

----

19:08, 1 March 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/10|Tech News: 2021-10]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section translation]] now works on Bengali Wikipedia. It helps mobile editors translate sections of articles. It will come to more wikis later. The first focus is active wikis with a smaller number of articles. You can [https://sx.wmflabs.org/index.php/Main_Page test it] and [[mw:Talk:Content translation/Section translation|leave feedback]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged revisions]] now give admins the review right. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275293]
* When someone links to a Wikipedia article on Twitter this will now show a preview of the article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276185]

'''Problems'''
* Many graphs have [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] errors. Graph editors can check their graphs in their browser's developer console after editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275833]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.34|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The [[mw:Talk pages project/New discussion|New Discussion]] tool will soon be a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|discussion tools]] beta feature for on most Wikipedias. The goal is to make it easier to start new discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275257]

'''Future changes'''
* There will be a number of changes to make it easier to work with templates. Some will come to the first wikis in March. Other changes will come to the first wikis in June. This is both for those who use templates and those who create or maintain them. You can [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|read more]].
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]] will become a default feature on some wikis on 17 March. They will share a setting with [[mw:Page Previews|Page Previews]]. If you prefer the Reference Tooltips or Navigation-Popups gadget you can keep using them. If so Reference Previews won't be shown. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271206][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews]
* New JavaScript-based functions will not work in [[:w:en:Internet Explorer 11|Internet Explorer 11]]. This is because Internet Explorer is an old browser that doesn't work with how JavaScript is written today. Everything that works in Internet Explorer 11 today will continue working in Internet Explorer for now. You can [[mw:Compatibility/IE11|read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W10&quot;/&gt; 17:51, 8 March 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/11|Tech News: 2021-11]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Wikis that are part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|desktop improvements]] project can now use a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Search|search function]]. The desktop improvements and the new search will come to more wikis later. You can also [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements#Deployment plan and timeline|test it early]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Editors who put up banners or change site-wide [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] code should use the [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000566/overview?viewPanel=16&amp;orgId=1 client error graph] to see that their changes has not caused problems. You can [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/03/08/sailing-steady%e2%80%8a-%e2%80%8ahow-you-can-help-keep-wikimedia-sites-error-free read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276296]

'''Problems'''
* Due to [[phab:T276968|database issues]] the [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org Wikimedia Beta Cluster] was read-only for over a day.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.34|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You can add a [[:w:en:Newline|newline]] or [[:w:en:Carriage return|carriage return]] character to a custom signature if you use a template. There is a proposal to not allow them in the future. This is because they can cause formatting problems. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/New_requirements_for_user_signatures#Additional_proposal_(2021)][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272322]
* You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T276899|12 wikis]] for a short period of time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210323T06 {{#time:j xg|2021-03-23|en}} at 06:00 (UTC)]. This could take 30 minutes but will probably be much faster.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can use [https://quarry.wmflabs.org/ Quarry] for [[:w:en:SQL|SQL]] queries to the [[wikitech:Wiki replicas|Wiki Replicas]]. Cross-database &lt;code&gt;JOINS&lt;/code&gt; will no longer work from 23 March. There will be a new field to specify the database to connect to. If you think this affects you and you need help you can [[phab:T268498|post on Phabricator]] or on [[wikitech:Talk:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign|Wikitech]]. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/PAWS PAWS] and other ways to do [[:w:en:SQL|SQL]] queries to the Wiki Replicas will be affected later. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Wiki_Replicas_2020_Redesign]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W11&quot;/&gt; 23:22, 15 March 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/12|Tech News: 2021-12]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a [[mw:Wikipedia for KaiOS|Wikipedia app]] for [[:w:en:KaiOS|KaiOS]] phones. They don't have a touch screen so readers navigate with the phone keys. There is now a [https://wikimedia.github.io/wikipedia-kaios/sim.html simulator] so you can see what it looks like.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|reply tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|new discussion tool]] are now available as the &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] in almost all wikis except German Wikipedia.

'''Problems'''
* You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T276899|twelve wikis]] for a short period of time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210323T06 {{#time:j xg|2021-03-23|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 06:00 (UTC)]. This can also affect password changes, logging in to new wikis, global renames and changing or confirming emails. This could take 30 minutes but will probably be much faster.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.36|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[:w:en:Syntax highlighting|Syntax highlighting]] colours will change to be easier to read. This will soon come to the [[phab:T276346|first wikis]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Improved_Color_Scheme_of_Syntax_Highlighting]

'''Future changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged revisions]] will no longer have multiple tags like &quot;tone&quot; or &quot;depth&quot;. It will also only have one tier. This was changed because very few wikis used these features and they make the tool difficult to maintain. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185664][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277883]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets and user scripts can access variables about the current page in JavaScript. In 2015 this was moved from &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;wg*&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.config&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;wg*&lt;/code&gt; will soon no longer work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T72470]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W12&quot;/&gt; 16:53, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/13|Tech News: 2021-13]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Some very old [[:w:en:Web browser|web browsers]] [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility|don’t work]] well with the Wikimedia wikis. Some old code for browsers that used to be supported is being removed. This could cause issues in those browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277803]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:m:IRC/Channels#Raw_feeds|IRC recent changes feeds]] have been moved to a new server. Make sure all tools automatically reconnect to &lt;code&gt;irc.wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt; and not to the name of any specific server. Users should also consider switching to the more modern [[:wikitech:Event Platform/EventStreams|EventStreams]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T224579]

'''Problems'''
* When you move a page that many editors have on their watchlist the history can be split. It might also not be possible to move it again for a while. This is because of a [[:w:en:Job queue|job queue]] problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278350]
* Some translatable pages on Meta could not be edited. This was because of a bug in the translation tool. The new MediaWiki version was delayed because of problems like this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278429][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274940]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.37|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

17:30, 29 March 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|Tech News: 2021-14]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Editors can collapse part of an article so you have to click on it to see it. When you click a link to a section inside collapsed content it will now expand to show the section. The browser will scroll down to the section. Previously such links didn't work unless you manually expanded the content first. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276741]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|citoid]] [[:w:en:API|API]] will use for example &lt;code&gt;2010-12-XX&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;2010-12&lt;/code&gt; for dates with a month but no days. This is because &lt;code&gt;2010-12&lt;/code&gt; could be confused with &lt;code&gt;2010-2012&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;December 2010&lt;/code&gt;. This is called level 1 instead of level 0 in the [https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/ Extended Date/Time Format]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132308]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.38|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:wikitech:PAWS|PAWS]] can now connect to the new [[:wikitech:Wiki Replicas|Wiki Replicas]]. Cross-database &lt;code&gt;JOINS&lt;/code&gt; will no longer work from 28 April. There is [[:wikitech:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign#How should I connect to databases in PAWS?|a new way to connect]] to the databases. Until 28 April both ways to connect to the databases will work. If you think this affects you and you need help you can post [[phab:T268498|on Phabricator]] or on [[wikitech:Talk:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign|Wikitech]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

19:41, 5 April 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|Tech News: 2021-16]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Email to the Wikimedia wikis are handled by groups of Wikimedia editors. These volunteer response teams now use [https://github.com/znuny/Znuny Znuny] instead of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/OTRS|OTRS]]. The functions and interface remain the same. The volunteer administrators will give more details about the next steps soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279303][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275294]
* If you use [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighting]], you can see line numbers in the 2010 and 2017 wikitext editors when editing templates. This is to make it easier to see line breaks or talk about specific lines. Line numbers will soon come to all namespaces. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267911][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Line_Numbering][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Line_Numbering]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Because of a technical change there could be problems with gadgets and scripts that have an edit summary area that looks [https://phab.wmfusercontent.org/file/data/llvdqqnb5zpsfzylbqcg/PHID-FILE-25vs4qowibmtysl7cbml/Screen_Shot_2021-04-06_at_2.34.04_PM.png similar to this one]. If they look strange they should use &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.using('mediawiki.action.edit.styles')&lt;/code&gt; to go back to how they looked before. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278898]
* The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.1|latest version]] of MediaWiki came to the Wikimedia wikis last week. There was no Tech News issue last week.

'''Changes later this week'''
*  There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Future changes'''
* The user group &lt;code&gt;oversight&lt;/code&gt; will be renamed &lt;code&gt;suppress&lt;/code&gt;. This is for [[phab:T109327|technical reasons]]. This is the technical name. It doesn't affect what you call the editors with this user right on your wiki. This is planned to happen in two weeks. You can comment [[phab:T112147|in Phabricator]] if you have objections.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

16:48, 19 April 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/17|Tech News: 2021-17]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Templates have parameters that can have specific values. It is possible to suggest values for editors with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TemplateData|TemplateData]]. You can soon see them as a drop-down list in the visual editor. This is to help template users find the right values faster. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273857][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

21:24, 26 April 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21391118 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/18|Tech News: 2021-18]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[w:en:Wikipedia:Twinkle|Twinkle]] is a gadget on English Wikipedia. It can help with maintenance and patrolling. It can [[m:Grants:Project/Rapid/SD0001/Twinkle localisation/Report|now be used on other wikis]]. You can get Twinkle on your wiki using the [https://github.com/wikimedia-gadgets/twinkle-starter twinkle-starter] GitHub repository.

'''Problems'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation tool]] did not work for many articles for a little while. This was because of a bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281346]
* Some things will not work for about a minute on 5 May. This will happen [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210505T0600 around 06:00 UTC]. This will affect the content translation tool and notifications among other things. This is because of an upgrade to avoid crashes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281212]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] will become a default feature on a number of wikis on 5 May. This is later than planned because of some changes. You can use it without using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|Page Previews]] if you want to. The earlier plan was to have the preference to use both or none. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271206][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[:w:en:CSS|CSS]] classes &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;.error&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;.warning&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;.success&lt;/code&gt; do not work for mobile readers if they have not been specifically defined on your wiki. From June they will not work for desktop readers. This can affect gadgets and templates. The classes can be defined in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] or template styles instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280766]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

15:43, 3 May 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21418010 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/19|Tech News: 2021-19]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You can see what participants plan to work on at the online [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2021|Wikimedia hackathon]] 22–23 May.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

15:10, 10 May 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21428676 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/20|Tech News: 2021-20]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new toolbar in [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|the Reply tool]]. It works in the wikitext source mode. You can enable it in [[Special:Preferences#mw-htmlform-discussion|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276608] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Replying#13_May_2021] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/New_discussion#13_May_2021]
* Wikimedia [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo mailing lists] are being moved to [[:w:en:GNU Mailman|Mailman 3]]. This is a newer version. For the [[:w:en:Character encoding|character encoding]] to work it will change from &lt;code&gt;[[:w:en:UTF-8|UTF-8]]&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;utf8mb3&lt;/code&gt;. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IEYQ2HS3LZF2P3DAYMNZYQDGHWPVMTPY/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282621]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] An [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|earlier issue]] of Tech News said that the  [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|citoid]] [[:w:en:API|API]] would handle dates with a month but no days in a new way. This has been reverted for now. There needs to be more discussion of how it affects different wikis first. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132308]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] &lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Pageimages-blacklist&lt;/code&gt; will be renamed &lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Pageimages-denylist&lt;/code&gt;. The list can be copied to the new name. It will happen on 19 May for some wikis and 20 May for some wikis. Most wikis don't use it. It lists images that should never be used as thumbnails for articles. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282626]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

13:49, 17 May 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21464279 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/21|Tech News: 2021-21]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Wikimedia movement has been using [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC|IRC]] on a network called [[:w:en:Freenode|Freenode]]. There have been changes around who is in control of the network. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC/Group_Contacts|Wikimedia IRC Group Contacts]] have [[m:Special:Diff/21476411|decided]] to move to the new [[:w:en:Libera Chat|Libera Chat]] network instead. This is not a formal decision for the movement to move all channels but most Wikimedia IRC channels will probably leave Freenode. There is a [[:m:IRC/Migrating_to_Libera_Chat|migration guide]] and ongoing Wikimedia [[m:Wikimedia Forum#Freenode (IRC)|discussions about this]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

17:07, 24 May 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21477606 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/22|Tech News: 2021-22]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* There was an issue on the Vector skin with the text size of categories and notices under the page title. It was fixed last Monday. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T283206]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

17:05, 31 May 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/23|Tech News: 2021-23]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia movement uses [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] for technical tasks. This is where we collect technical suggestions, bugs and what developers are working on. The company behind Phabricator will stop working on it. This will not change anything for the Wikimedia movement now. It could lead to changes in the future. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/YAXOD46INJLAODYYIJUVQWOZFIV54VUI/][https://admin.phacility.com/phame/post/view/11/phacility_is_winding_down_operations/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T283980]
* Searching on Wikipedia will find more results in some languages. This is mainly true for when those who search do not use the correct [[:w:en:Diacritic|diacritics]] because they are not seen as necessary in that language. For example searching for &lt;code&gt;Bedusz&lt;/code&gt; doesn't find &lt;code&gt;Będusz&lt;/code&gt; on German Wikipedia. The character &lt;code&gt;ę&lt;/code&gt; isn't used in German so many would write &lt;code&gt;e&lt;/code&gt; instead. This will work better in the future in some languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219550]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[:w:en:Cross-site request forgery|CSRF token parameters]] in the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Main page|action API]] were changed in 2014. The old parameters from before 2014 will stop working soon. This can affect bots, gadgets and user scripts that still use the old parameters. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IMP43BNCI32C524O5YCUWMQYP4WVBQ2B/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280806]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

20:02, 7 June 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/24|Tech News: 2021-24]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Logged-in users on the mobile web can choose to use the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|advanced mobile mode]]. They now see categories in a similar way as users on desktop do. This means that some gadgets that have just been for desktop users could work for users of the mobile site too. If your wiki has such gadgets you could decide to turn them on for the mobile site too. Some gadgets probably need to be fixed to look good on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284763]
* Language links on Wikidata now works for [[:oldwikisource:Main Page|multilingual Wikisource]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275958]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Future changes'''
* In the future we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|can't show the IP]] of unregistered editors to everyone. This is because privacy regulations and norms have changed. There is now a rough draft of how [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#Updates|showing the IP to those who need to see it]] could work.
* German Wikipedia, English Wikivoyage and 29 smaller wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on 22 June. This is planned between 5:00 and 5:30 UTC. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284530]
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes in the week of 28 June. More information will be published in Tech News later. It will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281515][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281209]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

20:26, 14 June 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21587625 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/25|Tech News: 2021-25]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The &lt;code&gt;otrs-member&lt;/code&gt; group name is now &lt;code&gt;vrt-permissions&lt;/code&gt;. This could affect abuse filters. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280615]

'''Problems'''
* You will be able to read but not edit German Wikipedia, English Wikivoyage and 29 smaller wikis for a few minutes on 22 June. This is planned between [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210623T0500 5:00 and 5:30 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284530]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

15:49, 21 June 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21593987 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/26|Tech News: 2021-26]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|Growth features]] now can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure Growth features directly on their wiki]]. This uses the new special page &lt;code&gt;Special:EditGrowthConfig&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285423]
* Wikisources have a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech/OCR Improvements|OCR tool]]. If you don't want to see the &quot;extract text&quot; button on Wikisource you can add &lt;code&gt;.ext-wikisource-ExtractTextWidget { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to your [[Special:MyPage/common.css|common.css page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285311]

'''Problems'''
*You will be able to read but not edit the Wikimedia wikis for a few minutes on 29 June. This is planned at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210629T1400 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281515][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281209]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* &lt;code&gt;Threshold for stub link formatting&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;thumbnail size&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;auto-number headings&lt;/code&gt; can be set in preferences. They are expensive to maintain and few editors use them. The developers are planning to remove them. Removing them will make pages load faster. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User:SKim (WMF)/Performance Dependent User Preferences|read more and give feedback]].
* A toolbar will be added to the [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|Reply tool]]'s wikitext source mode. This will make it easier to link to pages and to ping other users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276609][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Replying#Status_updates]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

16:32, 28 June 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21653312 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/27|Tech News: 2021-27]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 19 July.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[:wikidata:Q4063270|AutoWikiBrowser]] is a tool to make repetitive tasks easier. It now uses [[:w:en:JSON|JSON]]. &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPage&lt;/code&gt; has moved to &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPageJSON&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Config&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPage/Version&lt;/code&gt; has moved to &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPage/VersionJSON&lt;/code&gt;. The tool will eventually be configured on the wiki so that you don't have to wait until the new version to add templates or regular expression fixes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T241196]

'''Problems'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] helps saving online sources on some wikis. It adds them to [[:w:en:Wayback Machine|Wayback Machine]] and links to them there. This is so they don't disappear if the page that was linked to is removed. It currently has a problem with linking to the wrong date when it moves pages from &lt;code&gt;archive.is&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;web.archive.org&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T283432]

'''Changes later this week'''
* The tool to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|find, add and remove templates]] will be updated. This is to make it easier to find and use the right templates. It will come to the first wikis on 7 July. It will come to more wikis later this year. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284553]
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Future changes'''
* Some Wikimedia wikis use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]] or pending changes. It hides edits from new and unregistered accounts for readers until they have been patrolled. The auto review action in Flagged Revisions will no longer be logged. All old logs of auto-review will be removed. This is because it creates a lot of logs that are not very useful. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285608]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

17:33, 5 July 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/29|Tech News: 2021-29]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The tool to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|find, add and remove templates]] was updated. This is to make it easier to find and use the right templates. It was supposed to come to the first wikis on 7 July. It was delayed to 12 July instead. It will come to more wikis later this year. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284553]
* [[Special:UnconnectedPages|Special:UnconnectedPages]] lists pages that are not connected to Wikidata. This helps you find pages that can be connected to Wikidata items. Some pages should not be connected to Wikidata. You can use the magic word &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; on pages that should not be listed on the special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97577]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the [[:w:en:Parsing|parser's]] HTML output will soon change. This can affect bots, gadgets, user scripts and extensions. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/L2UQJRHTFK5YG3IOZEC7JSLH2ZQNZRVU/ read more]. You can test it on [[:testwiki:Main Page|Testwiki]] or [[:test2wiki:Main Page|Testwiki 2]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The parameters for how you obtain [[mw:API:Tokens|tokens]] in the MediaWiki API were changed in 2014. The old way will no longer work from 1 September. Scripts, bots and tools that use the parameters from before the 2014 change need to be updated. You can [[phab:T280806#7215377|read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

15:31, 19 July 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/30|Tech News: 2021-30]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* A [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki came to the Wikimedia wikis the week before last week. This was not in Tech News because there was no newsletter that week. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* If you use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MonoBook|Monobook skin]] you can choose to switch off [[:w:en:Responsive web design|responsive design]] on mobile. This will now work for more skins. If &lt;code&gt;{{int:monobook-responsive-label}}&lt;/code&gt; is unticked you need to also untick the new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|preference]] &lt;code&gt;{{int:prefs-skin-responsive}}&lt;/code&gt;. Otherwise it will stop working. Interface admins can automate this process on your wiki. You can [[phab:T285991|read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

21:11, 26 July 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/31|Tech News: 2021-31]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] If your wiki uses markup like &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; without the required &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;dir&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute, then these will no longer work in 2 weeks. There is a short-term fix that can be added to your local wiki's Common.css page, which is explained at [[phab:T287701|T287701]]. From now on, all usages should include the full attributes, for example: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-rtl&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;he&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This also applies to some other HTML tags, such as &lt;code&gt;span&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;code&lt;/code&gt;. You can find existing examples on your wiki that need to be updated, using the instructions at [[phab:T287701|T287701]].
* Reminder: Wikimedia has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC/Migrating to Libera Chat|migrated to the Libera Chat IRC network]], from the old Freenode network. Local documentation should be updated.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, all wikis had slow access or no access for 30 minutes. There was a problem with generating dynamic lists of articles on the Russian Wikinews, due to the bulk import of 200,000+ new articles over 3 days, which led to database problems. The problematic feature has been disabled on that wiki and developers are discussing if it can be fixed properly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287380][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2021-07-26_ruwikinews_DynamicPageList]

'''Changes later this week'''
* When adding links to a page using [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] or the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Disambiguator|disambiguation pages]] will now only appear at the bottom of search results. This is because users do not often want to link to disambiguation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285510]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|team of the Wikipedia app for Android]] is working on communication in the app. The developers are working on how to talk to other editors and get notifications. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication|read more]]. They are looking for users who want to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication/UsertestingJuly2021|test the plans]]. Any editor who has an Android phone and is willing to download the app can do this.
* The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] for {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}} will be updated in the coming weeks.  You will be able to [[mw:Talk pages project/Notifications|subscribe to individual sections]] on a talk page at more wikis.  You can test this now by adding &lt;code&gt;?dtenable=1&lt;/code&gt; to the end of the talk page's URL ([https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Meta_talk:Sandbox?dtenable=1 example]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

20:47, 2 August 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/32|Tech News: 2021-32]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* You can read but not edit 17 wikis for a few minutes on 10 August. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1628571650 05:00 UTC]. This is because of work on the database. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287449]

'''Changes later this week'''
* The [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2021:Hackathon|Wikimania Hackathon]] will take place remotely on 13 August, starting at 5:00 UTC, for 24 hours. You can participate in many ways. You can still propose projects and sessions.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The old CSS &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;visualClear&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will not be supported after 12 August. Instead, templates and pages should use &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;clear:both;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Please help to replace any existing uses on your wiki. There are global-search links available at [[phab:T287962|T287962]].

'''Future changes'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is a place for Wikipedia editors to get access to sources. There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TheWikipediaLibrary|extension]] which has a new function to tell users when they can take part in it. It will use notifications. It will start pinging the first users in September. It will ping more users later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288070]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[w:en:Vue.js|Vue.js]] will be the [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] framework for MediaWiki in the future. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SOZREBYR36PUNFZXMIUBVAIOQI4N7PDU/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

16:21, 9 August 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/33|Tech News: 2021-33]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can add language links in the sidebar in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|new Vector skin]] again. You do this by connecting the page to a Wikidata item. The new Vector skin has moved the language links but the new language selector cannot add language links yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287206]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem on wikis which use the Translate extension. Translations were not updated or were replaced with the English text. The problems have been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288700][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288683][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288719]

'''Changes later this week'''
* A [[mw:Help:Tags|revision tag]] will soon be added to edits that add links to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Disambiguator|disambiguation pages]]. This is because these links are usually added by accident. The tag will allow editors to easily find the broken links and fix them. If your wiki does not like this feature, it can be [[mw:Help:Tags#Deleting a tag added by the software|hidden]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287549]
*Would you like to help improve the information about tools? Would you like to attend or help organize a small virtual meetup for your community to discuss the list of tools? Please get in touch on the [[m:Toolhub/The Quality Signal Sessions|Toolhub Quality Signal Sessions]] talk page. We are also looking for feedback [[m:Talk:Toolhub/The Quality Signal Sessions#Discussion topic for &quot;Quality Signal Sessions: The Tool Maintainers edition&quot;|from tool maintainers]] on some specific questions.
* In the past, edits to any page in your user talk space ignored your [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications#mute|mute list]], e.g. sub-pages. Starting this week, this is only true for edits to your talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288112]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

19:27, 16 August 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21889213 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/34|Tech News: 2021-34]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score]] extension (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;score&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; notation) has been re-enabled on public wikis and upgraded to a newer version. Some musical score functionality may no longer work because the extension is only enabled in &quot;safe mode&quot;. The security issue has been fixed and an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score/2021 security advisory|advisory published]].

'''Problems'''
* You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T289130|some wikis]] for a few minutes on {{#time:j xg|2021-08-25|en}}. This will happen around [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1629871217 06:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. During this time, operations on the CentralAuth will also not be possible.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

21:58, 23 August 2021 (UTC)
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== Read-only reminder ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;MassMessage&quot;/&gt;
A maintenance operation will be performed on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1629871231 {{#time: l F d H:i e|2021-08-25T06:00|en}}]. It should only last for a few minutes.

This will affect your wiki as well as 11 other wikis. During this time, publishing edits will not be possible. 

Also during this time, operations on the CentralAuth will not be possible (GlobalRenames, changing/confirming e-mail addresses, logging into new wikis, password changes).

For more details about the operation and on all impacted services, please check [[phab:T289130|on Phabricator]].

A banner will be displayed 30 minutes before the operation.

Please help your community to be aware of this maintenance operation. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}&lt;section end=&quot;MassMessage&quot;/&gt;

20:35, 24 August 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=21927201 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/35|Tech News: 2021-35]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Some musical score syntax no longer works and may needed to be updated, you can check [[:Category:{{MediaWiki:score-error-category}}]] on your wiki for a list of pages with errors.

'''Problems'''
* Musical scores were unable to render lyrics in some languages because of missing fonts. This has been fixed now. If your language would prefer a different font, please file a request in Phabricator. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289554]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The parameters for how you obtain [[mw:API:Tokens|tokens]] in the MediaWiki API were changed in 2014. The old way will no longer work from 1 September. Scripts, bots and tools that use the parameters from before the 2014 change need to be updated. You can [[phab:T280806#7215377|read more]] about this.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T289660|Commons]] for a few minutes on {{#time:j xg|2021-09-06|en}}. This will happen around [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1630818058 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance.
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes in the week of 13 September. More information will be published in Tech News later. It will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287539]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

16:01, 30 August 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/36|Tech News: 2021-36]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The wikis that have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] deployed have been part of A/B testing since deployment, in which some newcomers did not receive the new features. Now, all of the newcomers on 21 of the smallest of those wikis will be receiving the features. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289786]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In 2017, the provided jQuery library was upgraded from version 1 to 3, with a compatibility layer. The migration will soon finish, to make the site load faster for everyone. If you maintain a gadget or user script, check if you have any JQMIGRATE errors and fix them, or they will break. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280944][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/6Z2BVLOBBEC2QP4VV4KOOVQVE52P3HOP/]
* Last year, the Portuguese Wikipedia community embarked on an experiment to make log-in compulsory for editing.  The [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Impact report for Login Required Experiment on Portuguese Wikipedia|impact report of this trial]] is ready. Moving forward, the Anti-Harassment Tools team is looking for projects that are willing to experiment with restricting IP editing on their wiki for a short-term experiment. [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Login Required Experiment|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

15:20, 6 September 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/37|Tech News: 2021-37]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* 45 new Wikipedias now have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289680]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment table|A majority of Wikipedias]] now have access to the Growth features. The Growth team [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ|has published an FAQ page]] about the features. This translatable FAQ covers the description of the features, how to use them, how to change the configuration, and more.

'''Problems'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on 14 September. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628002 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287539]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting this week, Wikipedia in Italian will receive weekly software updates on Wednesdays. It used to receive the updates on Thursdays. Due to this change, bugs will be noticed and fixed sooner. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286664]
* You can add language links in the sidebar in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|the new Vector skin]] again. You do this by connecting the page to a Wikidata item. The new Vector skin has moved the language links but the new language selector cannot add language links yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287206]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlight]] tool marks up code with different colours. It now can highlight 23 new code languages. Additionally, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;golang&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; can now be used as an alias for the [[d:Q37227|Go programming language]], and a special &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;output&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; mode has been added to show a program's output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280117][https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/SyntaxHighlight_GeSHi/+/715277/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

15:35, 13 September 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/38|Tech News: 2021-38]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Growth features are now deployed to almost all Wikipedias. [[phab:T290582|For the majority of small Wikipedias]], the features are only available for experienced users, to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ#enable|test the features]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ#config|configure them]]. Features will be available for newcomers starting on 20 September 2021.
* MediaWiki had a feature that would highlight local links to short articles in a different style. Each user could pick the size at which &quot;stubs&quot; would be highlighted. This feature was very bad for performance, and following a consultation, has been removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284917]
* A technical change was made to the MonoBook skin to allow for easier maintenance and upkeep. This has resulted in some minor changes to HTML that make MonoBook's HTML consistent with other skins. Efforts have been made to minimize the impact on editors, but please ping [[m:User:Jon (WMF)|Jon (WMF)]] on wiki or in [[phab:T290888|phabricator]] if any problems are reported.

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with search last week. Many search requests did not work for 2 hours because of an accidental restart of the search servers. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2021-09-13_cirrussearch_restart]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[s:Special:ApiHelp/query+proofreadinfo|meta=proofreadpage API]] has changed. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;piprop&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter has been renamed to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;prpiprop&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. API users should update their code to avoid unrecognized parameter warnings. Pywikibot users should upgrade to 6.6.0. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290585]

'''Future changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Replying|Reply tool]] will be deployed to the remaining wikis in the coming weeks.  It is currently part of &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot; in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta features]] at most wikis. You will be able to turn it off in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Editing Preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262331]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki_1.37/Deprecation_of_legacy_API_token_parameters|previously announced]] change to how you obtain tokens from the API has been delayed to September 21 because of an incompatibility with Pywikibot. Bot operators using Pywikibot can follow [[phab:T291202|T291202]] for progress on a fix, and should plan to upgrade to 6.6.1 when it is released.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

18:32, 20 September 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/39|Tech News: 2021-39]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[w:en:IOS|iOS 15]] has a new function called [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212614 Private Relay] (Apple website). This can hide the user's IP when they use [[w:en:Safari (software)|Safari]] browser. This is like using a [[w:en:Virtual private network|VPN]] in that we see another IP address instead. It is opt-in and only for those who pay extra for [[w:en:ICloud|iCloud]]. It will come to Safari users on [[:w:en:OSX|OSX]] later. There is a [[phab:T289795|technical discussion]] about what this means for the Wikimedia wikis.

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some gadgets and user-scripts add items to the [[m:Customization:Explaining_skins#Portlets|portlets]] (article tools) part of the skin. A recent change to the HTML may have made those links a different font-size. This can be fixed by adding the CSS class &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.vector-menu-dropdown-noicon&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291438]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Onboarding_new_Wikipedians#New_experience|GettingStarted extension]] was built in 2013, and provides an onboarding process for new account holders in a few versions of Wikipedia. However, the recently developed [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] provide a better onboarding experience. Since the vast majority of Wikipedias now have access to the Growth features, GettingStarted will be deactivated starting on 4 October. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235752]
* A small number of users will not be able to connect to the Wikimedia wikis after 30 September. This is because an old [[:w:en:root certificate|root certificate]] will no longer work. They will also have problems with many other websites. Users who have updated their software in the last five years are unlikely to have problems. Users in Europe, Africa and Asia are less likely to have immediate problems even if their software is too old. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS/2021 Let's Encrypt root expiry|read more]].
* You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications|receive notifications]] when someone leaves a comment on user talk page or mentions you in a talk page comment. Clicking the notification link will now bring you to the comment and highlight it. Previously, doing so brought you to the top of the section that contained the comment. You can find [[phab:T282029|more information in T282029.]]

'''Future changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Replying|Reply tool]] will be deployed to the remaining wikis in the coming weeks. It is currently part of &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot; in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta features]] at most wikis. You will be able to turn it off in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Editing Preferences]]. [[phab:T288485|See the list of wikis.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262331]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W39&quot;/&gt;

22:23, 27 September 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/40|Tech News: 2021-40]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* A more efficient way of sending changes from Wikidata to Wikimedia wikis that show them has been enabled for the following 10 wikis: mediawiki.org, the Italian, Catalan, Hebrew and Vietnamese Wikipedias, French Wikisource, and English Wikivoygage, Wikibooks, Wiktionary and Wikinews. If you notice anything strange about how changes from Wikidata appear in recent changes or your watchlist on those wikis you can [[phab:T48643|let the developers know]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some gadgets and bots that use the API to read the AbuseFilter log might break. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;hidden&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; property will no longer say an entry is &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;implicit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for unsuppressed log entries about suppressed edits. If your bot needs to know this, do a separate revision query. Additionally, the property will have the value &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for visible entries; previously, it wasn't included in the response. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291718]
* A more efficient way of sending changes from Wikidata to Wikimedia wikis that show them will be enabled for ''all production wikis''. If you notice anything strange about how changes from Wikidata appear in recent changes or your watchlist you can [[phab:T48643|let the developers know]].

'''Future changes'''
* You can soon get cross-wiki notifications in the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS|iOS Wikipedia app]]. You can also get notifications as push notifications. More notification updates will follow in later versions. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Notifications#September_2021_update]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The JavaScript variables &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgExtraSignatureNamespaces&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgLegalTitleChars&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgIllegalFileChars&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will soon be removed from &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/JavaScript#mw.config|mw.config]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. These are not part of the &quot;stable&quot; variables available for use in wiki JavaScript. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T292011] 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The JavaScript variables &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgCookiePrefix&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgCookieDomain&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgCookiePath&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wgCookieExpiration&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will soon be removed from mw.config. Scripts should instead use &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; from the &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#mediawiki.cookie|mediawiki.cookie]]&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; module. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291760]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;tech-newsletter-content&quot;/&gt;

16:32, 4 October 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=22101208 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/41|Tech News: 2021-41]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

* The [[mw:Manual:Table_of_contents#Auto-numbering|&quot;auto-number headings&quot; preference]] is being removed. You can read [[phab:T284921]] for the reasons and discussion. This change was [[m:Tech/News/2021/26|previously]] announced. [[mw:Snippets/Auto-number_headings|A JavaScript snippet]] is available which can be used to create a Gadget on wikis that still want to support auto-numbering.

'''Meetings'''
* You can join a meeting about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]]. A demonstration version of the [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Sticky Header|newest feature]] will be shown. The event will take place on Tuesday, 12 October at 16:00 UTC. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web/12-10-2021|See how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W41&quot;/&gt;

15:30, 11 October 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/42|Tech News: 2021-42]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*[[m:Toolhub|Toolhub]] is a catalogue to make it easier to find software tools that can be used for working on the Wikimedia projects. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LF4SSR4QRCKV6NPRFGUAQWUFQISVIPTS/ read more].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The developers of the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia Android app]] are working on [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication|communication in the app]]. You can now answer questions in [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication/UsertestingOctober2021|survey]] to help the development.
* 3–5% of editors may be blocked in the next few months. This is because of a new service in Safari, which is similar to a [[w:en:Proxy server|proxy]] or a [[w:en:VPN|VPN]]. It is called iCloud Private Relay. There is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|discussion about this]] on Meta. The goal is to learn what iCloud Private Relay could mean for the communities.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] is a new [[w:en:API|API]] for those who use a lot of information from the Wikimedia projects on other sites. It is a way to get big commercial users to pay for the data. There will soon be a copy of the Wikimedia Enterprise dataset. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-ambassadors@lists.wikimedia.org/message/B2AX6PWH5MBKB4L63NFZY3ADBQG7MSBA/ read more]. You can also ask the team questions [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/88994018553 on Zoom] on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=22&amp;month=10&amp;year=2021 22 October 15:00 UTC].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W42&quot;/&gt;

20:53, 18 October 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/43|Tech News: 2021-43]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest_Tool_Award|Coolest Tool Award 2021]] is looking for nominations. You can recommend tools until 27 October.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff|Diff pages]] will have an improved copy and pasting experience. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Copy paste diffs|The changes]] will allow the text in the diff for before and after to be treated as separate columns and will remove any unwanted syntax. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192526]
* The version of the [[w:en:Liberation fonts|Liberation fonts]] used in SVG files will be upgraded. Only new thumbnails will be affected. Liberation Sans Narrow will not change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253600]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join a meeting about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. News about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes will be shown. The event will take place on Wednesday, 27 October at 14:30 UTC. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/Talk to Us|See how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W43&quot;/&gt;

20:08, 25 October 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/44|Tech News: 2021-44]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a limit on the amount of emails a user can send each day. This limit is now global instead of per-wiki. This change is to prevent abuse. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293866]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W44&quot;/&gt;

20:28, 1 November 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/45|Tech News: 2021-45]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Mobile IP editors are now able to receive warning notices indicating they have a talk page message on the mobile website (similar to the orange banners available on desktop). These notices will be displayed on every page outside of the main namespace and every time the user attempts to edit. The notice on desktop now has a slightly different colour. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284642][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278105]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[phab:T294321|Wikidata will be read-only]] for a few minutes on 11 November. This will happen around [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1636610400 06:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T294321]
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Future changes'''
* In the future, unregistered editors will be given an identity that is not their [[:w:en:IP address|IP address]]. This is for legal reasons. A new user right will let editors who need to know the IPs of unregistered accounts to fight vandalism, spam, and harassment, see the IP. You can read the [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|suggestions for how that identity could work]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|discuss on the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W45&quot;/&gt;

20:36, 8 November 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/46|Tech News: 2021-46]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Most [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Maximum_file_size#MAXTHUMB|large file uploads]] errors that had messages like &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;stashfailed&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;DBQueryError&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; have now been fixed. An [[wikitech:Incident documentation/2021-11-04 large file upload timeouts|incident report]] is available.

'''Problems'''
* Sometimes, edits made on iOS using the visual editor save groups of numbers as telephone number links, because of a feature in the operating system. This problem is under investigation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116525]
* There was a problem with search last week. Many search requests did not work for 2 hours because of a configuration error. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2021-11-10_cirrussearch_commonsfile_outage]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W46&quot;/&gt;

22:06, 15 November 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/47|Tech News: 2021-47]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
*The template dialog in VisualEditor and in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|new wikitext mode]] Beta feature will be [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|heavily improved]] on [[phab:T286992|a few wikis]]. Your [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|feedback is welcome]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W47&quot;/&gt;

20:02, 22 November 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/48|Tech News: 2021-48]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W48&quot;/&gt;

21:15, 29 November 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/49|Tech News: 2021-49]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* MediaWiki 1.38-wmf.11 was scheduled to be deployed on some wikis last week. The deployment was delayed because of unexpected problems.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* At all Wikipedias, a Mentor Dashboard is now available at &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;Special:MentorDashboard&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. It allows registered mentors, who take care of newcomers' first steps, to monitor their assigned newcomers' activity. It is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]]. You can learn more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How_to_configure_the_mentors%27_list|activating the mentor list]] on your wiki and about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Mentor dashboard|the mentor dashboard project]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The predecessor to the current [[mw:API|MediaWiki Action API]] (which was created in 2008), &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;action=ajax&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, will be removed this week. Any scripts or bots using it will need to switch to the corresponding API module. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T42786]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] An old ResourceLoader module, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;jquery.jStorage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, which was deprecated in 2016, will be removed this week. Any scripts or bots using it will need to switch to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mediawiki.storage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143034]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W49&quot;/&gt;

21:59, 6 December 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/50|Tech News: 2021-50]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There are now default [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespace#Other_namespace_aliases|short aliases]] for the &quot;Project:&quot; namespace on most wikis. E.g. On Wikibooks wikis, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[WB:]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will go to the local language default for the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Project:]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespace. This change is intended to help the smaller communities have easy access to this feature. Additional local aliases can still be requested via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|the usual process]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293839]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W50&quot;/&gt;

22:27, 13 December 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/51|Tech News: 2021-51]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2021-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 10 January 2022.

'''Recent changes'''
* Queries made by the DynamicPageList extension (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;DynamicPageList&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) are now only allowed to run for 10 seconds and error if they take longer. This is in response to multiple outages where long-running queries caused an outage on all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287380#7575719]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week.

'''Future changes'''
* The developers of the Wikipedia iOS app are looking for testers who edit in multiple languages. You can [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/202112 testing|read more and let them know if you are interested]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikimedia [[wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] hosts technical projects for the Wikimedia movement. Developers need to [[wikitech:News/Cloud VPS 2021 Purge|claim projects]] they use. This is because old and unused projects are removed once a year. Unclaimed projects can be shut down from February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2B7KYL5VLQNHGQQHMYLW7KTUKXKAYY3T/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2021-W51&quot;/&gt;

22:05, 20 December 2021 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|Tech News: 2022-02]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] A &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;oauth_consumer&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; variable has been added to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] to enable identifying changes made by specific tools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298281]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Migration_guide_(users)#Package_Gadgets|now able to directly include JSON pages]]. This means some gadgets can now be configured by administrators without needing the interface administrator permission, such as with the Geonotice gadget. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T198758]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets [[mw:Extension:Gadgets#Options|can now specify page actions]] on which they are available. For example, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|actions=edit,history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will load a gadget only while editing and on history pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T63007]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets can now be loaded on demand with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;withgadget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; URL parameter. This can be used to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Snippets/Load JS and CSS by URL|an earlier snippet]] that typically looks like &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;withJS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;withCSS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29766]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] At wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list|the Mentorship system is configured]], you can now use the Action API to get a list of a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Mentor_dashboard|mentor's]] mentees. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291966]
* The heading on the main page can now be configured using &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Mainpage-title-loggedin]]&lt;/span&gt; for logged-in users and &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Mainpage-title]]&lt;/span&gt; for logged-out users. Any CSS that was previously used to hide the heading should be removed. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Small_wiki_toolkits/Starter_kit/Main_page_customization#hide-heading] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298715]
* Four special pages (and their API counterparts) now have a maximum database query execution time of 30 seconds. These special pages are: RecentChanges, Watchlist, Contributions, and Log. This change will help with site performance and stability. You can read [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IPJNO75HYAQWIGTHI5LJHTDVLVOC4LJP/ more details about this change] including some possible solutions if this affects your workflows. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T297708]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Sticky Header|sticky header]] has been deployed for 50% of logged-in users on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions#pilot-wikis|more than 10 wikis]]. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Participate|how to take part in the project]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Events'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]] begins. All contributors to the Wikimedia projects can propose for tools and platform improvements. The proposal phase takes place from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-10|en}} 18:00 UTC to {{#time:j xg|2022-01-23|en}} 18:00 UTC. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/FAQ|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W02&quot;/&gt;

01:23, 11 January 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/03|Tech News: 2022-03]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* When using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|WikiEditor]] (also known as the 2010 wikitext editor), people will now see a warning if they link to disambiguation pages.  If you click &quot;{{int:Disambiguator-review-link}}&quot; in the warning, it will ask you to correct the link to a more specific term. You can [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages#Jan 12, 2021: Turning on the changes for all Wikis|read more information]] about this completed 2021 Community Wishlist item.
* You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#subscribe|automatically subscribe to all of the talk page discussions]] that you start or comment in using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|DiscussionTools]].  You will receive [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications|notifications]] when another editor replies.  This is available at most wikis.  Go to your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Preferences]] and turn on &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263819]
* When asked to create a new page or talk page section, input fields can be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating_pages_with_preloaded_text|&quot;preloaded&quot; with some text]]. This feature is now limited to wikitext pages. This is so users can't be tricked into making malicious edits. There is a discussion about [[phab:T297725|if this feature should be re-enabled]] for some content types.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Events'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]] continues. All contributors to the Wikimedia projects can propose for tools and platform improvements. The proposal phase takes place from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-10|en}} 18:00 UTC to {{#time:j xg|2022-01-23|en}} 18:00 UTC. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/FAQ|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W03&quot;/&gt;

19:55, 17 January 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=22620285 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/04|Tech News: 2022-04]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The following languages can now be used with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlighting]]: BDD, Elpi, LilyPond, Maxima, Rita, Savi, Sed, Sophia, Spice, .SRCINFO.
* You can now access your watchlist from outside of the user menu in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|new Vector skin]]. The watchlist link appears next to the notification icons if you are at the top of the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289619]

'''Events'''
* You can see the results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award 2021]] and learn more about 14 tools which were selected this year.
* You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/Help_us|translate, promote]], or comment on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Proposals|the proposals]] in the Community Wishlist Survey. Voting will begin on {{#time:j xg|2022-01-28|en}}.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W04&quot;/&gt;

21:38, 24 January 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/05|Tech News: 2022-05]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] If a gadget should support the new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;?withgadget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; URL parameter that was [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|announced]] 3 weeks ago, then it must now also specify &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;supportsUrlLoad&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in the gadget definition ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#supportsUrlLoad|documentation]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29766]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* A change that was [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|announced]] last year was delayed. It is now ready to move ahead:
** The user group &lt;code&gt;oversight&lt;/code&gt; will be renamed &lt;code&gt;suppress&lt;/code&gt;. This is for [[phab:T109327|technical reasons]]. This is the technical name. It doesn't affect what you call the editors with this user right on your wiki. This is planned to happen in three weeks. You can comment [[phab:T112147|in Phabricator]] if you have objections. As usual, these labels can be translated on translatewiki ([[phab:T112147|direct links are available]]) or by administrators on your wiki.

'''Events'''
* You can vote on proposals in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey]] between 28 January and 11 February. The survey decides what the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W05&quot;/&gt;

17:42, 31 January 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=22721804 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/06|Tech News: 2022-06]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* English Wikipedia recently set up a gadget for dark mode. You can enable it there, or request help from an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface administrator]] to set it up on your wiki ([[w:en:Wikipedia:Dark mode (gadget)|instructions and screenshot]]).
* Category counts are sometimes wrong. They will now be completely recounted at the beginning of every month. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299823]

'''Problems'''
* A code-change last week to fix a bug with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Live preview|Live Preview]] may have caused problems with some local gadgets and user-scripts. Any code with skin-specific behaviour for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;vector&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; should be updated to also check for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;vector-2022&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [[phab:T300987|A code-snippet, global search, and example are available]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W06&quot;/&gt;

21:15, 7 February 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/07|Tech News: 2022-07]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Purge|Purging]] a category page with fewer than 5,000 members will now recount it completely. This will allow editors to fix incorrect counts when it is wrong. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85696]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] extension, the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;rmspecials()&lt;/code&gt; function has been updated so that it does not remove the &quot;space&quot; character. Wikis are advised to wrap all the uses of &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;rmspecials()&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;rmwhitespace()&lt;/code&gt; wherever necessary to keep filters' behavior unchanged. You can use the search function on [[Special:AbuseFilter]] to locate its usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263024]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W07&quot;/&gt;

19:18, 14 February 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/08|Tech News: 2022-08]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[Special:Nuke|Special:Nuke]] will now provide the standard deletion reasons (editable at &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Deletereason-dropdown]]&lt;/bdi&gt;) to use when mass-deleting pages. This was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Admins and patrollers/Mass-delete to offer drop-down of standard reasons, or templated reasons.|a request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T25020]
* At Wikipedias, all new accounts now get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] by default when creating an account. Communities are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Account_creation|update their help resources]]. Previously, only 80% of new accounts would get the Growth features. A few Wikipedias remain unaffected by this change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301820]
* You can now prevent specific images that are used in a page from appearing in other locations, such as within PagePreviews or Search results. This is done with the markup &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;class=notpageimage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. For example, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[File:Example.png|class=notpageimage]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301588]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There has been a change to the HTML of Special:Contributions, Special:MergeHistory, and History pages, to support the grouping of changes by date in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva_Neue|the mobile skin]]. While unlikely, this may affect gadgets and user scripts. A [[phab:T298638|list of all the HTML changes]] is on Phabricator.

'''Events'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Results|Community Wishlist Survey results]] have been published. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2022 results#leaderboard|ranking of prioritized proposals]] is also available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The software to play videos and audio files on pages will change soon on all wikis. The old player will be removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Toolforge's underlying operating system is being updated. If you maintain any tools there, there are two options for migrating your tools into the new system.  There are [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Stretch deprecation|details, deadlines, and instructions]] on Wikitech. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EPJFISC52T7OOEFH5YYMZNL57O4VGSPR/]
* Administrators will soon have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/(Un)delete associated talk page|the option to delete/undelete]] the associated &quot;talk&quot; page when they are deleting a given page. An API endpoint with this option will also be available. This was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Admins and patrollers/(Un)delete associated talk page|a request from the 2021 Wishlist Survey]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W08&quot;/&gt;

19:12, 21 February 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|Tech News: 2022-09]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* When searching for edits by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tags|change tags]], e.g. in page history or user contributions, there is now a dropdown list of possible tags. This was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Miscellaneous/Improve plain-text change tag selector|a request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T27909]
* Mentors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Mentor_dashboard|Growth Mentor dashboard]] will now see newcomers assigned to them who have made at least one edit, up to 200 edits. Previously, all newcomers assigned to the mentor were visible on the dashboard, even ones without any edit or ones who made hundred of edits. Mentors can still change these values using the filters on their dashboard. Also, the last choice of filters will now be saved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301268][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T294460]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The user group &lt;code&gt;oversight&lt;/code&gt; was renamed &lt;code&gt;suppress&lt;/code&gt;. This is for [[phab:T109327|technical reasons]]. You may need to update any local references to the old name, e.g. gadgets, links to Special:Listusers, or uses of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words|NUMBERINGROUP]].

'''Problems'''
* The recent change to the HTML of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking changes|tracking changes]] pages caused some problems for screenreaders. This is being fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298638]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* Working with templates will become easier. [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Templates|Several improvements]] are planned for March 9 on most wikis and on March 16 on English Wikipedia. The improvements include: Bracket matching, syntax highlighting colors, finding and inserting templates, and related visual editor features.
* If you are a template developer or an interface administrator, and you are intentionally overriding or using the default CSS styles of user feedback boxes (the classes: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;successbox, messagebox, errorbox, warningbox&lt;/code&gt;), please note that these classes and associated CSS will soon be removed from MediaWiki core. This is to prevent problems when the same class-names are also used on a wiki. Please let us know by commenting at [[phab:T300314]] if you think you might be affected.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W09&quot;/&gt;

22:59, 28 February 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/10|Tech News: 2022-10]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with some interface labels last week. It will be fixed this week. This change was part of ongoing work to simplify the support for skins which do not have active maintainers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301203]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W10&quot;/&gt;

21:16, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/11|Tech News: 2022-11]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the Wikipedia Android app [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Communication#Updates|it is now possible]] to change the toolbar at the bottom so the tools you use more often are easier to click on. The app now also has a focused reading mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296753][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254771]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with the collection of some page-view data from June 2021 to January 2022 on all wikis. This means the statistics are incomplete. To help calculate which projects and regions were most affected, relevant datasets are being retained for 30 extra days. You can [[m:Talk:Data_retention_guidelines#Added_exception_for_page_views_investigation|read more on Meta-wiki]].
* There was a problem with the databases on March 10. All wikis were unreachable for logged-in users for 12 minutes. Logged-out users could read pages but could not edit or access uncached content then. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2022-03-10_MediaWiki_availability]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* When [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message#Finding_messages_and_documentation|using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;uselang=qqx&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to find localisation messages]], it will now show all possible message keys for navigation tabs such as &quot;{{int:vector-view-history}}&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T300069]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Access to [[{{#special:RevisionDelete}}]] has been expanded to include users who have &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;deletelogentry&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;deletedhistory&lt;/code&gt; rights through their group memberships. Before, only those with the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;deleterevision&lt;/code&gt; right could access this special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301928]
* On the [[{{#special:Undelete}}]] pages for diffs and revisions, there will be a link back to the main Undelete page with the list of revisions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284114]

'''Future changes'''
*  The Wikimedia Foundation has announced the IP Masking implementation strategy and next steps. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#feb25|announcement can be read here]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Android FAQ|Wikipedia Android app]] developers are working on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication|new functions]] for user talk pages and article talk pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T297617]

'''Events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2022|Wikimedia Hackathon 2022]] will take place as a hybrid event on 20-22 May 2022. The Hackathon will be held online and there are grants available to support local in-person meetups around the world. Grants can be requested until 20 March.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W11&quot;/&gt;

22:07, 14 March 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/12|Tech News: 2022-12]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/12|Translations]] are available.

'''New code release schedule for this week'''
* There will be four MediaWiki releases this week, instead of just one. This is an experiment which should lead to fewer problems and to faster feature updates. The releases will be on all wikis, at different times, on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Release Engineering Team/Trainsperiment week|read more about this project]].

'''Recent changes'''
* You can now set how many search results to show by default in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-searchoptions|your Preferences]]. This was the 12th most popular wish in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Results|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T215716]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Jupyter notebooks tool [[wikitech:PAWS|PAWS]] has been updated to a new interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295043]

'''Future changes'''
* Interactive maps via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] will soon work on wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevisions]] extension. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Kartographer-Workflows-EN/ Please tell us] which improvements you want to see in Kartographer. You can take this survey in simple English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W12&quot;/&gt;

16:01, 21 March 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/13|Tech News: 2022-13]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a simple new Wikimedia Commons upload tool available for macOS users, [[c:Commons:Sunflower|Sunflower]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-31|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of regular database maintenance. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-03-29|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s3.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-03-31|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301850][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T303798]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W13&quot;/&gt;

19:54, 28 March 2022 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/14|Tech News: 2022-14]] ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* For a few days last week, edits that were suggested to newcomers were not tagged in the [[{{#special:recentchanges}}]] feed. This bug has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304747]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-07|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s4.dblist targeted wikis]).

'''Future changes'''
* Starting next week, Tech News' title will be translatable. When the newsletter is distributed, its title may not be &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;Tech News: 2022-14&lt;/code&gt; anymore. It may affect some filters that have been set up by some communities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302920]
* Over the next few months, the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; Growth feature [[phab:T304110|will become available to more Wikipedias]]. Each week, a few wikis will get the feature. You can test this tool at [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth#deploymentstable|a few wikis where &quot;Link recommendation&quot; is already available]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W14&quot;/&gt;

21:01, 4 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new public status page at &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikimediastatus.net/ www.wikimediastatus.net]&lt;/span&gt;. This site shows five automated high-level metrics where you can see the overall health and performance of our wikis' technical environment. It also contains manually-written updates for widespread incidents, which are written as quickly as the engineers are able to do so while also fixing the actual problem. The site is separated from our production infrastructure and hosted by an external service, so that it can be accessed even if the wikis are briefly unavailable. You can [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/03/31/announcing-www-wikimediastatus-net/ read more about this project].
* On Wiktionary wikis, the software to play videos and audio files on pages has now changed. The old player has been removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W15&quot;/&gt;

19:44, 11 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-19|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-21|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s8.dblist targeted wikis]).
* Administrators will now have [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/(Un)delete associated talk page|the option to delete/undelete the associated &quot;Talk&quot; page]] when they are deleting a given page. An API endpoint with this option is also available. This concludes the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Admins and patrollers/(Un)delete associated talk page|11th wish of the 2021 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* On [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements#test-wikis|selected wikis]], 50% of logged-in users will see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Table of contents|table of contents]]. When scrolling up and down the page, the table of contents will stay in the same place on the screen. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304169]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Message boxes produced by MediaWiki code will no longer have these CSS classes: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;successbox&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;errorbox&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;warningbox&lt;/code&gt;. The styles for those classes and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;messagebox&lt;/code&gt; will be removed from MediaWiki core. This only affects wikis that use these classes in wikitext, or change their appearance within site-wide CSS. Please review any local usage and definitions for these classes you may have. This was previously announced in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|28 February issue of Tech News]].

'''Future changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] will become compatible with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevisions page stabilization]]. Kartographer maps will also work on pages with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Pending changes|pending changes]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation#Project_descriptions] The Kartographer documentation has been thoroughly updated. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer/Getting_started] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/Maps] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W16&quot;/&gt;

23:11, 18 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*  On [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/dblists/group1.dblist many wikis] (group 1), the software to play videos and audio files on pages has now changed. The old player has been removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-26|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s2.dblist targeted wikis]).
* Some very old browsers and operating systems are no longer supported. Some things on the wikis might look weird or not work in very old browsers like Internet Explorer 9 or 10, Android 4, or Firefox 38 or older. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306486]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W17&quot;/&gt;

22:56, 25 April 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/dblists/group2.dblist all remaining wikis] (group 2), the software to play videos and audio files on pages has now changed. The old player has been removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The developers are working on talk pages in the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS|Wikipedia app for iOS]]. You can [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9GBcHczQGLbQWTY give feedback]. You can take the survey in English, German, Hebrew or Chinese.
* [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements#Status_and_next_steps|Most wikis]] will receive an [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements|improved template dialog]] in VisualEditor and New Wikitext mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296759] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306967]
* If you use syntax highlighting while editing wikitext, you can soon activate a [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Improved_Color_Scheme_of_Syntax_Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|colorblind-friendly color scheme]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306867]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Several CSS IDs related to MediaWiki interface messages will be removed. Technical editors should please [[phab:T304363|review the list of IDs and links to their existing uses]]. These include &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;#mw-anon-edit-warning&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;#mw-undelete-revision&lt;/code&gt; and 3 others.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W18&quot;/&gt;

19:33, 2 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can now see categories in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia app for Android]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73966]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, there was a problem with Wikidata's search autocomplete. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307586]
* Last week, all wikis had slow access or no access for 20 minutes, for logged-in users and non-cached pages. This was caused by a problem with a database change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307647]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T305217#7894966]
*  [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation#Current issues|Incompatibility issues]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] and the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] will be fixed: Deployment is planned for May 10 on all wikis. Kartographer will then be enabled on the [[phab:T307348|five wikis which have not yet enabled the extension]] on May 24.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector (2022)]] skin will be set as the default on several more wikis, including Arabic and Catalan Wikipedias. Logged-in users will be able to switch back to the old Vector (2010). See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2022-04 for the largest wikis|latest update]] about Vector (2022).

'''Future meetings'''
* The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place on 17 May. The following meetings are currently planned for: 7 June, 21 June, 5 July, 19 July.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W19&quot;/&gt;

15:22, 9 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* Some wikis can soon use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|add a link]] feature. This will start on Wednesday. The wikis are {{int:project-localized-name-cawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-svwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}. This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304542]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2022|Wikimedia Hackathon 2022]] will take place online on May 20–22. It will be in English. There are also local [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2022/Meetups|hackathon meetups]] in Germany, Ghana, Greece, India, Nigeria and the United States. Technically interested Wikimedians can work on software projects and learn new skills. You can also host a session or post a project you want to work on.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You can soon edit translatable pages in the visual editor. Translatable pages exist on for examples Meta and Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/05/12/mediawiki-1-38-brings-support-for-editing-translatable-pages-with-the-visual-editor/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W20&quot;/&gt;

18:58, 16 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Administrators using the mobile web interface can now access Special:Block directly from user pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307341]
* The &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wiktionary.org/ www.wiktionary.org]&lt;/span&gt; portal page now uses an automated update system. Other [[m:Project_portals|project portals]] will be updated over the next few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304629]

'''Problems'''
* The Growth team maintains a mentorship program for newcomers. Previously, newcomers weren't able to opt out from the program. Starting May 19, 2022, newcomers are able to fully opt out from Growth mentorship, in case they do not wish to have any mentor at all. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287915]
* Some editors cannot access the content translation tool if they load it by clicking from the contributions menu. This problem is being worked on. It should still work properly if accessed directly via Special:ContentTranslation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308802]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget and user scripts developers are invited to give feedback on a [[mw:User:Jdlrobson/Extension:Gadget/Policy|proposed technical policy]] aiming to improve support from MediaWiki developers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308686]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W21&quot;/&gt;

00:21, 24 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]]  In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] extension, an &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ip_in_ranges()&lt;/code&gt; function has been introduced to check if an IP is in any of the ranges. Wikis are advised to combine multiple &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ip_in_range()&lt;/code&gt; expressions joined by &lt;code&gt;|&lt;/code&gt; into a single expression for better performance. You can use the search function on [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]] to locate its usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T305017]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature|IP Info feature]] which helps abuse fighters access information about IPs, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature#May 24, 2022|has been deployed]] to all wikis as a beta feature. This comes after weeks of beta testing on test.wikipedia.org.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-05-31|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New topic tool|New Topic Tool]] will be deployed for all editors at most wikis soon. You will be able to opt out from within the tool and in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Preferences]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/New_discussion][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287804]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]]  The [[:mw:Special:ApiHelp/query+usercontribs|list=usercontribs API]] will support fetching contributions from an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Range blocks#Non-technical explanation|IP range]] soon. API users can set the &lt;code&gt;uciprange&lt;/code&gt; parameter to get contributions from any IP range within [[:mw:Manual:$wgRangeContributionsCIDRLimit|the limit]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177150]
* A new parser function will be introduced: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{=}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. It will replace existing templates named &quot;=&quot;. It will insert an [[w:en:Equals sign|equal sign]]. This can be used to escape the equal sign in the parameter values of templates. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91154]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W22&quot;/&gt;

20:28, 30 May 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] A new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;str_replace_regexp()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; function can be used in [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] to replace parts of text using a [[w:en:Regular expression|regular expression]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285468]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W23&quot;/&gt;

02:46, 7 June 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* All wikis can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps. Kartographer maps now also work on pages with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Pending changes|pending changes]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation#Project_descriptions][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307348]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-06-14|en}} at 06:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T300471]
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-abwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-acewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-adywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-akwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-alswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-amwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-anwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-angwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-arcwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-arzwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-astwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-atjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-avwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-aywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-azbwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304548]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New topic tool|New Topic Tool]] will be deployed for all editors at Commons, Wikidata, and some other wikis soon. You will be able to opt out from within the tool and in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Preferences]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/New_discussion][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287804]

'''Future meetings'''
* The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place today (13 June). The following meetings will take place on: 28 June, 12 July, 26 July.

'''Future changes'''
* By the end of July, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022]] skin should be ready to become the default across all wikis. Discussions on how to adjust it to the communities' needs will begin in the next weeks. It will always be possible to revert to the previous version on an individual basis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2022-04 for the largest wikis|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W24&quot;/&gt;

16:58, 13 June 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia App for Android]] now has an option for editing the whole page at once, located in the overflow menu (three-dots menu [[File:Ic more vert 36px.svg|15px|link=|alt=]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T103622]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some recent database changes may affect queries using the [[m:Research:Quarry|Quarry tool]]. Queries for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;site_stats&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; at English Wikipedia, Commons, and Wikidata will need to be updated. [[phab:T306589|Read more]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] A new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;user_global_editcount&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; variable can be used in [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] to avoid affecting globally active users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130439]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Users of non-responsive skins (e.g. MonoBook or Vector) on mobile devices may notice a slight change in the default zoom level. This is intended to optimize zooming and ensure all interface elements are present on the page (for example the table of contents on Vector 2022). In the unlikely event this causes any problems with how you use the site, we'd love to understand better, please ping &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Jon (WMF)|Jon (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt; to any on-wiki conversations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306910]

'''Future changes'''
* The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout July.  Discussions will look different.  You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Parsoid's HTML output will soon stop annotating file links with different &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;typeof&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute values, and instead use &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw:File&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for all types. Tool authors should adjust any code that expects: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw:Image&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw:Audio&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw:Video&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273505]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W25&quot;/&gt;

20:18, 20 June 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] API service now has self-service accounts with free on-demand requests and monthly snapshots ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/ API documentation]). Community access [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/FAQ#community-access|via database dumps &amp; Wikimedia Cloud Services]] continues.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wiktionary#lua|All Wikimedia wikis can now use Wikidata Lexemes in Lua]] after creating local modules and templates. Discussions are welcome [[d:Wikidata_talk:Lexicographical_data#You_can_now_reuse_Wikidata_Lexemes_on_all_wikis|on the project talk page]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-06-28|en}} at 06:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311033]
*  Some global and cross-wiki services will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-06-30|en}} at 06:00 UTC. This will impact ContentTranslation, Echo, StructuredDiscussions, Growth experiments and a few more services. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T300472]
* Users will be able to sort columns within sortable tables in the mobile skin. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T233340]

'''Future meetings'''
* The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place tomorrow (28 June). The following meetings will take place on 12 July and 26 July.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W26&quot;/&gt;

20:02, 27 June 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-07-05|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-07-07|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s4.dblist targeted wikis]).
* The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout July.  Discussions will look different.  You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] This change only affects pages in the main namespace in Wikisource. The Javascript config variable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;proofreadpage_source_href&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be removed from &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/JavaScript#mw.config|mw.config]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and be replaced with the variable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prpSourceIndexPage&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309490]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W27&quot;/&gt;

19:32, 4 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022 skin]], the page title is now displayed above the tabs such as Discussion, Read, Edit, View history, or More. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates#Page title/tabs switch|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T303549]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] It is now possible to easily view most of the configuration settings that apply to just one wiki, and to compare settings between two wikis if those settings are different. For example: [https://noc.wikimedia.org/wiki.php?wiki=jawiktionary Japanese Wiktionary settings], or [https://noc.wikimedia.org/wiki.php?wiki=eswiki&amp;compare=eowiki settings that are different between the Spanish and Esperanto Wikipedias]. Local communities may want to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting_wiki_configuration_changes|discuss and propose changes]] to their local settings. Details about each of the named settings can be found by [[mw:Special:Search|searching MediaWiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308932]
*The Anti-Harassment Tools team [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature#May|recently deployed]] the IP Info Feature as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature at all wikis]]. This feature allows abuse fighters to access information about IP addresses. Please check our update on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature#April|how to find and use the tool]]. Please share your feedback using a link you will be given within the tool itself.

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-07-12|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s3.dblist targeted wikis]).

'''Future changes'''
* The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout July.  Discussions will look different.  You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W28&quot;/&gt;

19:24, 11 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* The feature on mobile web for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:NearbyPages|Nearby Pages]] was missing last week. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312864]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The [[mw:Technical_decision_making/Forum|Technical Decision Forum]] is seeking [[mw:Technical_decision_making/Community_representation|community representatives]]. You can apply on wiki or by emailing &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;TDFSupport@wikimedia.org&lt;/span&gt; before 12 August.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W29&quot;/&gt;

22:59, 18 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikibooks.org/ www.wikibooks.org]&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikiquote.org/ www.wikiquote.org]&lt;/span&gt; portal pages now use an automated update system. Other [[m:Project_portals|project portals]] will be updated over the next few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273179]

'''Problems'''
*  Last week, some wikis were in read-only mode for a few minutes because of an emergency switch of their main database ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313383]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The external link icon will change slightly in the skins Vector legacy and Vector 2022. The new icon uses simpler shapes to be more recognizable on low-fidelity screens. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T261391]
* Administrators will now see buttons on user pages for &quot;{{int:changeblockip}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:unblockip}}&quot; instead of just &quot;{{int:blockip}}&quot; if the user is already blocked. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308570]

'''Future meetings'''
* The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place tomorrow (26 July).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W30&quot;/&gt;

19:27, 25 July 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Improved [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Phantom|LaTeX capabilities for math rendering]] are now available in the wikis thanks to supporting &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Phantom&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tags. This completes part of [[m:Community_Wishlist_Survey_2022/Editing/Missing_LaTeX_capabilities_for_math_rendering|the #59 wish]] of the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor/Realtime_Preview|Realtime Preview]] will be available as a Beta Feature on wikis in [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists%2Fgroup0.dblist Group 0]. This feature was built in order to fulfill [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2021/Real_Time_Preview_for_Wikitext|one of the Community Wishlist Survey proposals]].

'''Future changes'''
* The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout August.  Discussions will look different.  You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]].

'''Future meetings'''
* This week, three meetings about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector (2022)]] with live interpretation will take place. On Tuesday, interpretation in Russian will be provided. On Thursday, meetings for Arabic and Spanish speakers will take place. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|See how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W31&quot;/&gt;

21:21, 1 August 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:GUS2Wiki/Script|GUS2Wiki]] copies the information from [[{{#special:GadgetUsage}}]] to an on-wiki page so you can review its history. If your project isn't already listed on the [[d:Q113143828|Wikidata entry for Project:GUS2Wiki]] you can either run GUS2Wiki yourself or [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:GUS2Wiki/Script#Opting|make a request to receive updates]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121049]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-08-09|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-08-11|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s2.dblist targeted wikis]).

'''Future meetings'''
* The [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/Hackathon|Wikimania Hackathon]] will take place online from August 12–14. Don't miss [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/Hackathon/Schedule|the pre-hacking showcase]] to learn about projects and find collaborators. Anyone can [[phab:/project/board/6030/|propose a project]] or [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/Hackathon/Schedule|host a session]]. [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/Hackathon/Newcomers|Newcomers are welcome]]!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W32&quot;/&gt;

19:50, 8 August 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Persian (Farsi) Wikipedia community decided to block IP editing from October 2021 to April 2022. The Wikimedia Foundation's Product Analytics team tracked the impact of this change. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Editing Restriction Study/Farsi Wikipedia|An impact report]] is now available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-08-16|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s1.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-08-18|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s8.dblist targeted wikis]).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor/Realtime_Preview|Realtime Preview]] will be available as a Beta Feature on wikis in [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists%2Fgroup1.dblist Group 1]. This feature was built in order to fulfill [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2021/Real_Time_Preview_for_Wikitext|one of the Community Wishlist Survey proposals]].

'''Future changes'''
* The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout August.  Discussions will look different.  You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Usability#4_August_2022][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Usability#Phase_1:_Topic_containers][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312672]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W33&quot;/&gt;

21:08, 15 August 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Two problems with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps have been fixed. Maps are no longer shown as empty when a geoline was created via VisualEditor. Geolines consisting of points with QIDs (e.g., subway lines) are no longer shown with pushpins. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T292613][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308560]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-08-25|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s4.dblist targeted wikis]).
* The colours of links and visited links will change. This is to make the difference between links and other text more clear. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T213778]

'''Future changes'''
* The new [{{int:discussiontools-topicsubscription-button-subscribe}}] button [[mw:Talk pages project/Notifications#12 August 2022|helps newcomers get answers]].  The Editing team is enabling this tool everywhere.  You can turn it off in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284489]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W34&quot;/&gt;

00:12, 23 August 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor/Realtime_Preview|Realtime Preview]] is available as a Beta Feature on wikis in [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists%2Fgroup2.dblist Group 2]. This feature was built in order to fulfill [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2021/Real_Time_Preview_for_Wikitext|one of the Community Wishlist Survey proposals]]. Please note that when this Beta feature is enabled, it may cause conflicts with some wiki-specific Gadgets.

'''Problems'''
* In recent months, there have been inaccurate numbers shown for various [[{{#special:statistics}}]] at Commons, Wikidata, and English Wikipedia. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T315693]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-08-30|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-09-01|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]).

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation wants to improve how Wikimedia communities report harmful incidents by building the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Private Incident Reporting System|Private Incident Reporting System (PIRS)]] to make it easy and safe for users to make reports. You can leave comments on the talk page, by answering the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Private Incident Reporting System#Phase 1|questions provided]].  If you have ever faced a harmful situation that you wanted to report/reported, join a PIRS interview to share your experience. To sign up [[m:Special:EmailUser/MAna_(WMF)|please email]] &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:MAna (WMF)|Madalina Ana]]&lt;/span&gt;.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W35&quot;/&gt;

23:05, 29 August 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-09-06|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s1.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-09-08|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s3.dblist targeted wikis]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] On Special pages that only have one tab, the tab-bar's row will be hidden in the Vector-2022 skin to save space. The row will still show if Gadgets use it. Gadgets that currently append directly to the CSS id of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#p-namespaces&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; should be updated to use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addPortletLink|mw.util.addPortletLink]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; function instead. Gadgets that style this id should consider also targeting &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#p-associated-pages&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, the new id for this row. [[phab:T316908|Examples are available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316908][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313409]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W36&quot;/&gt;

23:22, 5 September 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The search servers have been upgraded to a new major version. If you notice any issues with searching, please report them on [[phab:project/view/1849/|Phabricator]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/XPCTYYTN67FVFKN6XOHULJVGUO44J662]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|Syntax highlighting]] is now tracked as an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgExpensiveParserFunctionLimit|expensive parser function]]. Only 500 expensive function calls can be used on a single page. Pages that exceed the limit are added to a [[:Category:{{MediaWiki:expensive-parserfunction-category}}|tracking category]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316858]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W37&quot;/&gt;

01:50, 13 September 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Two database fields in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;templatelinks&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table are now being dropped: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;tl_namespace&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;tl_title&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Any queries that rely on these fields need to be changed to use the new normalization field called &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;tl_target_id&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. See &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[phab:T299417|T299417]]&lt;/span&gt; for more information. This is part of [[w:Database normalization|normalization]] of links tables. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/U2U6TXIBABU3KDCVUOITIGI5OJ4COBSW/][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:ASarabadani_(WMF)/Database_for_devs_toolkit/Concepts/Normalization]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* In [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps, you can use icons on markers for common points of interest. On Tuesday, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer/Icons|previous icon set]] will be updated to [https://de.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Hilfe:Extension:Kartographer/Icons version maki 7.2]. That means, around 100 new icons will be available.  Additionally, all existing icons were updated for clarity and to make them work better in international contexts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302861][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation#Update_maki_icons]

'''Future changes'''
* In a [[m:Content_Partnerships_Hub/Software/Volunteer_developers_discussion_at_Wikimania_2022|group discussion at Wikimania]], more than 30 people talked about how to make content partnership software in the Wikimedia movement more sustainable. What kind of support is acceptable for volunteer developers? Read the summary and [[m:Talk:Content Partnerships Hub/Software/Volunteer developers discussion at Wikimania 2022|leave your feedback]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/span&gt; 22:16, 19 September 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=23826293 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Parsoid clients should be updated to allow for space-separated multi-values in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;rel&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute of links. Further details are in &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[phab:T315209|T315209]]&lt;/bdi&gt;.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-09-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|Visual diffs]] will become available to all users, except at the Wiktionaries and Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314588]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Mobile|Talk pages on the mobile site]] will change at the Arabic, Bangla, Chinese, French, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Korean, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.  They should be easier to use and provide more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318302] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Mobile]
* In the [[mw:Lua/Scripting|{{ns:828}}]] namespace, pages ending with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.json&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be treated as JSON, just like they already are in the {{ns:2}} and {{ns:8}} namespaces. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T144475]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:30, 27 September 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=23860085 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can now show geopoints from Wikidata, via QID or SPARQL query. Previously, this was only possible for geoshapes and geolines. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307695] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints_via_QID]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest_Tool_Award|Coolest Tool Award 2022]] is looking for nominations. You can recommend tools until 12 October.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Mobile|Talk pages on the mobile site]] will change at the Arabic, Bangla, Chinese, French, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Korean, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.  They should be easier to use and provide more information. (Last week's release was delayed) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318302] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Mobile]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;scribunto-console&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API module will require a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Tokens|CSRF token]]. This module is documented as internal and use of it is not supported. [[phab:T212071|[5]]] 
* The Vector 2022 skin will become the default across the smallest Wikimedia projects. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements#Deployment_plan_and_timeline|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:23, 4 October 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=23885489 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* On some wikis, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps in full size view will be able to display nearby articles. After a feedback period, more wikis will follow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316782][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Nearby_articles]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W41&quot;/&gt;

14:08, 10 October 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The recently implemented feature of [[phab:T306883|article thumbnails in Special:Search]] will be limited to Wikipedia projects only. Further details are in [[phab:T320510|T320510]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Data_Across_Wikimedia/Search_Improvements]
* A bug that caused problems in loading article thumbnails in Special:Search has been fixed. Further details are in [[phab:T320406|T320406]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Lua module authors can use &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#mw.loadJsonData|mw.loadJsonData()]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to load data from JSON pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217500]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Lua module authors can enable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Strict_library|require( &quot;strict&quot; )]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to add errors for some possible code problems. This replaces &quot;[[wikidata:Q16748603|Module:No globals]]&quot; on most wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209310]

'''Future changes'''
* The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated at most wikis. The &quot;{{int:discussiontools-replylink}}&quot; button will look different after this change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320683]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:46, 17 October 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=23943992 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There have been some minor visual fixes in Special:Search, regarding audio player alignment and image placeholder height. Further details are in [[phab:T319230|T319230]].
* On Wikipedias, a new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-searchoptions|preference]] has been added to hide article thumbnails in Special:Search. Full details are in [[phab:T320337|T320337]].

'''Problems'''
* Last week, three wikis ({{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ruwiki/en}}) had read-only access for 25 minutes. This was caused by a hardware problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320990]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-10-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-10-25|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-10-27|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s4.dblist targeted wikis]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-aswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-banwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-barwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bat smgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bclwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-be x oldwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-biwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bjnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bpywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-brwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bugwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bxrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304549] 
* Starting on Wednesday October 26, 2022, the list of mentors will be upgraded [[d:Q14339834 | at wikis where Growth mentorship is available]]. The mentorship system will continue to work as it does now. The signup process [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list#add|will be replaced]], and a new management option will be provided. Also, this change simplifies [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list#create|the creation of mentorship systems at Wikipedias]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314858][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T310905][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Structured_mentor_list]
* Pages with titles that start with a lower-case letter according to Unicode 11 will be renamed or deleted. There is a list of affected pages at &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:Unicode 11 case map migration]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. More information can be found at [[phab:T292552|T292552]].
* The Vector 2022 skin will become the default across the smallest Wikipedias. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements#smallest-1|Learn more]].

'''Future changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|Reply tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|New Topic tool]] will soon get a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Special characters|special characters menu]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T249072]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:22, 24 October 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=23975411 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* When using keyboard navigation on a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] map, the focus will become more visible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T315997]
* In {{#special:RecentChanges}}, you can now hide the log entries for new user creations with the filter for &quot;{{int:rcfilters-filter-newuserlogactions-label}}&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321155]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|maps dialog]] in VisualEditor now has some help texts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318818]
* It is now possible to select the language of a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] map in VisualEditor via a dropdown menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318817]
* It is now possible to add a caption to a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] map in VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318815]
* It is now possible to hide the frame of a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] map in VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318813]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:15, 31 October 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=23977539 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* An updated version of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/EventCenter/Registration|Event Registration]] tool is now available for testing at [[testwiki:|testwiki]] and [[test2wiki:| test2wiki]]. The tool provides features for event organizers and participants. Your feedback is welcome at our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|project talkpage]]. More information about [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|the project]] is available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318592]

'''Problems'''
* Twice last week, for about 45 minutes, some files and thumbnails failed to load and uploads failed, mostly for logged-in users. The cause is being investigated and an incident report will be available soon.

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:32, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24001035 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* At Wikidata, an interwiki link can now point to a redirect page if certain conditions are met. This new feature is called [[wikidata:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Sitelinks_to_redirects|sitelinks to redirects]]. It is needed when one wiki uses one page to cover multiple concepts but another wiki uses more pages to cover the same concepts. Your [[wikidata:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata talk:Sitelinks to redirects|feedback on the talkpage]] of the new proposed guideline is welcome. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278962]
* The &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikinews.org/ www.wikinews.org]&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikiversity.org/ www.wikiversity.org]&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikivoyage.org/ www.wikivoyage.org]&lt;/span&gt; portal pages now use an automated update system. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273179]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* There will be a new link to directly &quot;Edit template data&quot; on Template pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316759]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Wikis where mobile [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] are enabled ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Deployment Status|these ones]]) will soon use full CSS styling to display any templates that are placed at the top of talk pages. To adapt these “talk page boxes” for narrow mobile devices you can use media queries, such as in [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Module:Message_box/tmbox.css&amp;oldid=1097618699#L-69 this example]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312309]
* Starting in January 2023, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2023 Changes Update|running the Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) every two years]]. This means that in 2024, there will be no new proposals or voting.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:54, 14 November 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The display of non-free media in the search bar and for article thumbnails in Special:Search has been deactivated. Further details are in [[phab:T320661|T320661]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-11-22|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s2.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-11-24|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:22, 21 November 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24071290 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* A new preference, “Enable limited width mode”, has been added to the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|Vector 2022 skin]]. The preference is also available as a toggle on every page if your monitor is 1600 pixels or wider. It allows for increasing the width of the page for logged-out and logged-in users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319449]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-11-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-11-29|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s3.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-12-01|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s1.dblist targeted wikis]).
* Mathematical formulas shown in SVG image format will no longer have PNG fall-backs for browsers that don't support them. This is part of work to modernise the generation system. Showing only PNG versions was the default option until in February 2018. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/3BGOKWJIZGL4TC4HJ22ICRU2SEPWGCR4/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311620][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186327]
* On [[phab:P40224|some wikis]] that use flagged revisions, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:FlaggedRevs#Special:Contributions|a new checkbox will be added]] to Special:Contributions that enables you to see only the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Pending changes|pending changes]] by a user. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321445]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the parser's HTML output will change early next week at [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train#Wednesday group1 wikis] (but not Wikimedia Commons or Meta-Wiki). This change improves the accessibility of content, and makes it easier to write related CSS. You may need to update your site-CSS, or userscripts and gadgets. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Media_structure/FAQ|details on what code to check, how to update the code, and where to report any related problems]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314318]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:03, 28 November 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24114342 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2022-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Wikisources use a tool called ProofreadPage. ProofreadPage uses OpenSeadragon which is an open source tool. The OpenSeadragon JavaScript API has been significantly re-written to support dynamically loading images. The functionality provided by the older version of the API should still work but it is no longer supported. User scripts and gadgets should migrate over to the newer version of the API. The functionality provided by the newer version of the API is [[mw:Extension:Proofread_Page/Page_viewer#JS_API|documented on MediaWiki]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308098][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Proofread_Page/Edit-in-Sequence]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:41, 6 December 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* An [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Mobile|A/B test has begun]] at 15 Wikipedias for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Mobile|DiscussionTools on mobile]].  Half of the editors on the [[mw:Reading/Web/Mobile|mobile web site]] will have access to the {{int:discussiontools-replybutton}} tool and other features. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321961]
* The character &lt;code&gt;=&lt;/code&gt; cannot be used in new usernames, to make usernames work better with templates. Existing usernames are not affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254045]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-12-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML markup used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Usability#Phase_1:_Topic_containers|show discussion metadata below section headings]] will be inserted after these headings, not inside of them. This change improves the accessibility of discussion pages for screen reader software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314714]

'''Events'''
* The fourth edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest_Tool_Award|Coolest Tool Award]] will happen online on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1671210002 Friday 16 December 2022 at 17:00 UTC]! The event will be live-streamed on YouTube in the [https://www.youtube.com/user/watchmediawiki MediaWiki channel] and added to Commons afterwards.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:34, 12 December 2022 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2022-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2022-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 9 January 2023.

'''Recent changes'''
* On a user's contributions page, you can filter it for edits with a tag like 'reverted'. Now, you can also filter for all edits that are not tagged like that. This was part of a Community Wishlist 2022 request. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T119072]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] A new function has been used for gadget developers to add content underneath the title on article pages. This is considered a stable API that should work across all skins. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addSubtitle|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316830]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[test2wiki:|One of our test wikis]] is now being served from a new infrastructure powered by [[w:Kubernetes|Kubernetes]] ([[wikitech:MediaWiki On Kubernetes|read more]]). More Wikis will switch to this new infrastructure in early 2023. Please test and let us know of any issues. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290536]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, all wikis had no edit access for 9 minutes. This was caused by a database problem. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2022-12-13_sessionstore]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week.
* The word &quot;{{int:discussiontools-replybutton}}&quot; is very short in some languages, such as Arabic (&quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;ar&quot;&gt;ردّ&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;). This makes the {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}} button on talk pages difficult to use. An arrow icon will be added to those languages. This will only be visible to editors who have the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] turned on. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Usability#Status] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323537]

'''Future changes'''
* Edits can be automatically &quot;tagged&quot; by the system software or the {{int:Abusefilter}} system. Those tags link to a help page about the tags. Soon they will also link to Recent Changes to let you see other edits tagged this way. This was a Community Wishlist 2022 request. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301063]
* The Trust &amp; Safety tools team [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Private Incident Reporting System/Timeline and Updates|have shared new plans]] for building the Private Incident Reporting System. The system will make it easier for editors to ask for help if they are harassed or abused. 
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|Realtime Preview for Wikitext]] is coming out of beta as an enabled feature for every user of the 2010 Wikitext [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editor|editor]] in the week of January 9, 2023. It will be available to use via the toolbar in the 2010 Wikitext editor. The feature was the 4th most popular wish of the Community Wishlist Survey 2021.

'''Events'''
* You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2023/Participate|register for the Wikimedia Hackathon 2023]], taking place on May 19–21 in Athens, Greece. You can also apply for a scholarship until January 14th.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2022-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:00, 20 December 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24258101 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-02 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can use tags to filter edits in the recent changes feed or on your watchlist. You can now use tags to filter out edits you don't want to see. Previously you could only use tags to focus on the edits with those tags. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174349]
* [[Special:WhatLinksHere|Special:WhatLinksHere]] shows all pages that link to a specific page. There is now a [https://wlh.toolforge.org prototype] for how to sort those pages alphabetically. You can see the discussion in the [[phab:T4306|Phabricator ticket]].
* You can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thanks]] function on your watchlist and the user contribution page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T51541]
* A wiki page can be moved to give it a new name. You can now get a dropdown menu with common reasons when you move a page. This is so you don't have to write the explanation every time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T325257]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Matrix.org|Matrix]] is a chat tool. You can now use &lt;code&gt;matrix:&lt;/code&gt; to create Matrix links on wiki pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326021]
* You can filter out translations when you look at the recent changes on multilingual wikis. This didn't hide translation pages. You can now also hide subpages which are translation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T233493]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|Realtime preview for wikitext]] is a tool which lets editors preview the page when they edit wikitext. It will be enabled for all users of the 2010 wikitext editor. You will find it in the editor toolbar.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2023-01-10|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2023-01-12|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W02&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:07, 10 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24342971 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The URLs in &quot;{{int:last}}&quot; links on page history now contain &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;diff=prev&amp;oldid=[revision ID]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in place of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;diff=[revision ID]&amp;oldid=[revision ID]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is to fix a problem with links pointing to incorrect diffs when history was filtered by a tag. Some user scripts may break as a result of this change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243569]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|changes to the appearance of talk pages]] have only been available on &lt;code&gt;{{ns:1}}:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;{{ns:3}}:&lt;/code&gt; namespaces.  These will be extended to other talk namespaces, such as &lt;code&gt;{{ns:5}}:&lt;/code&gt;.  They will continue to be unavailable in non-talk namespaces, including &lt;code&gt;{{ns:4}}:&lt;/code&gt; pages (e.g., at the Village Pump).  You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|change your preferences]] ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T325417]
*On Wikisources, when an image is zoomed or panned in the Page: namespace, the same zoom and pan settings will be remembered for all Page: namespace pages that are linked to a particular Index: namespace page. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/ProofreadPage/+/868841]
* The Vector 2022 skin will become the default for the English Wikipedia desktop users. The change will take place on January 18 at 15:00 UTC. [[:en:w:Wikipedia:Vector 2022|Learn more]].

'''Future changes'''
* The 2023 edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey]], which invites contributors to make technical proposals and vote for tools and improvements, starts next week on 23 January 2023 at 18:00 UTC. You can start drafting your proposals in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:10, 17 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24381020 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, for ~15 minutes, all wikis were unreachable for logged-in users and non-cached pages. This was caused by a timing issue. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-01-17_MediaWiki]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* If you have the Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|DiscussionTools]] enabled, the appearance of talk pages will add more information about discussion activity. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Usability#Status][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317907]
* The 2023 edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey]] (CWS), which invites contributors to make technical proposals and vote for tools and improvements, starts on Monday 23 January 2023 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496814 18:00 UTC]. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:46, 23 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24418874 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, for ~15 minutes, some users were unable to log in or edit pages. This was caused by a problem with session storage. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-01-24_sessionstore_quorum_issues]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Wikis that use localized numbering schemes for references need to add new CSS. This will help to show citation numbers the same way in all reading and editing modes. If your wiki would prefer to do it yourselves, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|details and example CSS to copy from]], and also add your wiki to the list. Otherwise, the developers will directly help out starting the week of February 5.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 31 January 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24455949 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022 skin]], logged-out users using the full-width toggle will be able to see the setting of their choice even after refreshing pages or opening new ones. This only applies to wikis where Vector 2022 is the default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321498]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Previously, we announced when some wikis would be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. These switches will not be announced any more, as the read-only time has become non-significant. Switches will continue to happen at 7AM UTC on Tuesdays and Thursdays. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T292543#8568433]
* Across all the wikis, in the Vector 2022 skin, logged-in users will see the page-related links such as &quot;What links here&quot; in a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/Page_tools|new side menu]]. It will be displayed on the other side of the screen. This change had previously been made on Czech, English, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328692]
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey 2023]] will stop receiving new proposals on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1675706431 Monday, 6 February 2023, at 18:00 UTC]. Proposers should complete any edits by then, to give time for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/Help_us|translations]] and review. Voting will begin on Friday, 10 February.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets and user scripts will be changing to load on desktop and mobile sites. Previously they would only load on the desktop site. It is recommended that wiki administrators audit the [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition|gadget definitions]] prior to this change, and add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins=…&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for any gadgets which should not load on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610 More details are available].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 10:21, 6 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24491749 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* On wikis where patrolled edits are enabled, changes made to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list|mentor list]] by autopatrolled mentors are not correctly marked as patrolled. It will be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328444]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The Reply tool and other parts of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Mobile|DiscussionTools]] will be deployed for all editors using the mobile site.  You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Mobile#Status_Updates|read more about this decision]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298060]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328287][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327920][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:48, 14 February 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, during planned maintenance of Cloud Services, unforeseen complications forced the team to turn off all tools for 2–3 hours to prevent data corruption. Work is ongoing to prevent similar problems in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329535] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
*The voting phase for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey 2023]] ends on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677261621 24 February at 18:00 UTC]. The results of the survey will be announced on 28 February.

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328287][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327920][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:57, 21 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24570514 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, in some areas of the world, there were problems with loading pages for 20 minutes and saving edits for 55 minutes. These issues were caused by a problem with our caching servers due to unforseen events during a routine maintenance task. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-02-22_wiki_outage][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-02-22_read_only] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:47, 27 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24634242 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Community Wishlist Survey 2023 edition has been concluded. Community Tech has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|published the results]] of the survey and will provide an update on what is next in April 2023.
* On wikis which use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Writing_systems|LanguageConverter]] to handle multiple writing systems, articles which used custom conversion rules in the wikitext (primarily on Chinese Wikipedia) would have these rules applied inconsistently in the table of contents, especially in the Vector 2022 skin. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306862]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* A search system has been added to the [[Special:Preferences|Preferences screen]]. This will let you find different options more easily. Making it work on mobile devices will happen soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313804]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:49, 6 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24676916 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-cbk_zamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cdowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cebwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ckbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-csbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304542][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304550] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:20, 13 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24700189 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, some users experienced issues loading image thumbnails. This was due to incorrectly cached images. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331820]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A link to the user's [[{{#special:CentralAuth}}]] page will appear on [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] — some user scripts which previously added this link may cause conflicts. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Admins and patrollers/Add link to CentralAuth on Special:Contributions|voted #17 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[{{#special:AbuseFilter}}]] edit window will be resizable and larger by default. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Make the AbuseFilter edit window resizable and larger by default|voted #80 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* There will be a new option for Administrators when they are unblocking a user, to add the unblocked user’s user page to their watchlist. This will work both via [[{{#special:Unblock}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257662]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1679677204 24 March at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Office Hours|details and how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:25, 21 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24732558 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] condition limit was increased from 1000 to 2000. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309609]
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter#Locally disabled actions|Some Global AbuseFilter]] actions will no longer apply to local projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332521]
* Desktop users are now able to subscribe to talk pages by clicking on the {{int:discussiontools-newtopicssubscription-button-subscribe-label}} link in the {{int:toolbox}} menu. If you subscribe to a talk page, you receive [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications|notifications]] when new topics are started on that talk page. This is separate from putting the page on your watchlist or subscribing to a single discussion. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263821]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You will be able to choose [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diffs]] on all [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Page history|history pages]] at the Wiktionaries and Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314588]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The legacy [[mw:Mobile Content Service|Mobile Content Service]] is going away in July 2023. Developers are encouraged to switch to Parsoid or another API before then to ensure service continuity. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/4MVQQTONJT7FJAXNVOFV3WWVVMCHRINE/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:13, 28 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24780854 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The system for automatically creating categories for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Babel|Babel]] extension has had several important changes and fixes. One of them allows you to insert templates for automatic category descriptions on creation, allowing you to categorize the new categories. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T211665][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T64714][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170654][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184941][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33074]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some older [[w:en:Web browser|Web browsers]] will stop being able to use [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] on Wikimedia wikis from this week. This mainly affects users of Internet Explorer 11. If you have an old web browser on your computer you can try to upgrade to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178356]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The deprecated &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.hoverIntent&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module has been removed. This module could be used by gadgets and user scripts, to create an artificial delay in how JavaScript responds to a hover event. Gadgets and user scripts should now use jQuery &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;hover()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;on()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Examples can be found in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Migration_guide_(users)#jquery.hoverIntent|migration guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311194]
* Some of the links in [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] will be re-arranged. There will be a clearer separation between links that relate to all users, and links related to your own user account. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333242]
* You will be able to hide the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|Reply button]] in archived discussion pages with a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__ARCHIVEDTALK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word.  There will also be a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.mw-archivedtalk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; CSS class for hiding the Reply button in individual sections on a page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T249293][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295553][https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/DiscussionTools/+/738221]

'''Future changes'''
* The Vega software that creates data visualizations in pages, such as graphs, will be upgraded to the newest version in the future. Graphs that still use the very old version 1.5 syntax may stop working properly. Most existing uses have been found and updated, but you can help to check, and to update any local documentation. [[phab:T260542|Examples of how to find and fix these graphs are available]]. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:39, 3 April 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] In the visual editor, it is now possible to edit captions of images in galleries without opening the gallery dialog. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Editing/Editable gallery captions in Visual Editor|voted #61 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190224]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] You can now receive notifications when another user edits your user page. See the &quot;{{int:Echo-category-title-edit-user-page}}&quot; option in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo|your Preferences]]. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Notifications for user page edits|voted #3 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T3876]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with all types of CentralNotice banners still being shown to logged-in users even if they had [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-centralnotice-banners|turned off]] specific banner types. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331671]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-arywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dinwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-elwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-emlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-etwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-euwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-extwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tumwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ffwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiu_vrowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-furwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gcrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gotwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-guwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304551][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308133]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:05, 10 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24851886 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can now see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Show_nearby_articles|nearby articles on a Kartographer map]] with the button for the new feature &quot;{{int:Kartographer-sidebar-nearbybutton}}&quot;. Six wikis have been testing this feature since October. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Nearby_articles#Implementation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334079]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Special:GlobalWatchlist]] page now has links for &quot;{{int:globalwatchlist-markpageseen}}&quot; for each entry. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Button to mark a single change as read in the global watch list|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334246]

'''Problems'''
* At Wikimedia Commons, some thumbnails have not been getting replaced correctly after a new version of the image is uploaded. This should be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331138][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333042]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] For the last few weeks, some external tools had inconsistent problems with logging-in with OAuth. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332650]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:54, 18 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24881071 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The date-selection menu on pages such as [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] will now show year-ranges that are in the current and past decade, instead of the current and future decade. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Change year range shown in date selection popup|voted #145 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334316]

'''Problems'''
* Due to security issues with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]], graphs have been disabled in all Wikimedia projects. Wikimedia Foundation teams are working to respond to these vulnerabilities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940]
* For a few days, it was not possible to save some kinds of edits on the mobile version of a wiki. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334797][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334799][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334794]

'''Changes later this week'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on April 26. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682517653 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The Editing team plans an A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|a usability analysis of the Talk page project]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|planned measurements are available]]. Your wiki [[phab:T332946|may be invited to participate]]. Please suggest improvements to the measurement plan at [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/Usability|the discussion page]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024|The Wikimedia Foundation annual plan 2023-2024 draft is open for comment and input]] until May 19. The final plan will be published in July 2023 on Meta-wiki.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:03, 24 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24933592 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the French and Italian Wikipedias. More languages will be added in the near future. This is part of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend &quot;Who Wrote That?&quot; tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243711][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270490][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891]
* The [[:commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2commons]] tool has been updated. This fixed several bugs related to YouTube uploads. [https://github.com/toolforge/video2commons/pull/162/commits]
* The [[{{#special:Preferences}}]] page has been redesigned on mobile web. The new design makes it easier to browse the different categories and settings at low screen widths. You can also now access the page via a link in the Settings menu in the mobile web sidebar. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Content_moderation_on_mobile_web/Preferences]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:45, 2 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Last week, Community Tech released the first update for providing [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diffs]], the #1 request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey. [[phab:T324759|This update]] adds legends and tooltips to inline diffs so that users unfamiliar with the blue and yellow highlights can better understand the type of edits made.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] When you close an image that is displayed via MediaViewer, it will now return to the wiki page instead of going back in your browser history. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Return to the article when closing the MediaViewer|voted #65 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T236591]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|SyntaxHighlight]] extension now supports &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wikitext&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; as a selected language. Old alternatives that were used to highlight wikitext, such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;html5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;moin&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;html+handlebars&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, can now be replaced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29828]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating pages with preloaded text|Preloading text to new pages/sections]] now supports preloading from localized MediaWiki interface messages. [https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Martin_Urbanec_(WMF)?action=edit&amp;section=new&amp;preload=MediaWiki:July Here is an example] at the {{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}} that uses &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;preload=MediaWiki:July&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330337]

'''Problems'''
* Graph Extension update: Foundation developers have completed upgrading the visualization software to Vega5. Existing community graphs based on Vega2 are no longer compatible. Communities need to update local graphs and templates, and shared lua modules like &lt;bdi lang=&quot;de&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:de:Modul:Graph]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. The [https://vega.github.io/vega/docs/porting-guide/ Vega Porting guide] provides the most comprehensive detail on migration from Vega2 and [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Graph:PageViews&amp;action=history here is an example migration]. Vega5 has currently just been enabled on mediawiki.org to provide a test environment for communities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940#8813922]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Until now, all new OAuth apps went through manual review. Starting this week, apps using identification-only or basic authorizations will not require review. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67750]

'''Future changes'''
* During the next year, MediaWiki will stop using IP addresses to identify logged-out users, and will start automatically assigning unique temporary usernames. Read more at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates|IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates]]. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#What should it look like?|join the discussion]] about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates#What will temporary usernames look like?|format of the temporary usernames]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332805]
* There will be an [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on 10 Wikipedias where the Vector 2022 skin is the default skin. Half of logged-in desktop users will see an interface where the different parts of the page are more clearly separated. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2023-05 Zebra9 A/B test|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333180][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335972]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] &lt;code&gt;jquery.tipsy&lt;/code&gt; will be removed from the MediaWiki core. This will affect some user scripts. Many lines with &lt;code&gt;.tipsy(&lt;/code&gt; can be commented out. &lt;code&gt;OO.ui.PopupWidget&lt;/code&gt; can be used to keep things working like they are now. You can [[phab:T336019|read more]] and [[:mw:Help:Locating broken scripts|read about how to find broken scripts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336019]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:36, 9 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Citations that are automatically generated based on [[d:Q33057|ISBN]] are currently broken. This affects citations made with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]], and the use of the citoid API in gadgets and user scripts. Work is ongoing to restore this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-gorwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hakwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hifwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-htwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-igwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ilowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-inhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308134] 

'''Future changes'''
* There is a recently formed team at the Wikimedia Foundation which will be focusing on experimenting with new tools. Currently they are building [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI|a prototype ChatGPT plugin that allows information generated by ChatGPT to be properly attributed]] to the Wikimedia projects.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget and userscript developers should replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; library will be removed in ~1 month, and staff developers will run a script to replace any remaining uses at that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336018]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:45, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The &quot;recent edits&quot; time period for page watchers is now 30 days. It used to be 180 days. This was a [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Change information about the number of watchers on a page|Community Wishlist Survey proposal]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336250]

'''Changes later this week'''
* An [[mw:special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Impact|improved impact module]] will be available at Wikipedias. The impact module is a feature available to newcomers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer homepage|at their personal homepage]]. It will show their number of edits, how many readers their edited pages have, how many thanks they have received and similar things. It is also accessible by accessing Special:Impact. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W21&quot;/&gt;

16:55, 22 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Citations can once again be added automatically from ISBNs, thanks to Zotero's ISBN searches. The current data sources are the Library of Congress (United States), the Bibliothèque nationale de France (French National Library), and K10plus ISBN (German repository). Additional data source searches can be [[mw:Citoid/Creating Zotero translators|proposed to Zotero]]. The ISBN labels in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]] will reappear later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298#8859917]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The page [[{{#special:EditWatchlist}}]] now has &quot;{{int:watchlistedit-normal-check-all}}&quot; options to select all the pages within a namespace. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Watchlist edit - &quot;check all&quot; checkbox|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334252]	

'''Problems'''
* For a few days earlier this month, the &quot;Add interlanguage link&quot; item in the Tools menu did not work properly. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337081]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/small.dblist small] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/medium.dblist medium] wikis this week. Large wikis will follow in the coming weeks. This is part of the effort to move Parsoid into MediaWiki core. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:03, 29 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe|RealMe]] extension allows you to mark URLs on your user page as verified for Mastodon and similar software.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Citation and footnote editing can now be started from the reference list when using the visual editor. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Citations/Allow citations to be edited in the references section with VisualEditor|voted #2 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T54750]
* Previously, clicking on someone else's link to Recent Changes with filters applied within the URL could unintentionally change your preference for &quot;{{int:Rcfilters-group-results-by-page}}&quot;. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202916#8874081]

'''Problems'''
* For a few days last week, some tools and bots returned outdated information due to database replication problems, and may have been down entirely while it was being fixed. These issues have now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337446]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Bots will no longer be prevented from making edits because of URLs that match the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SpamBlacklist|spam blacklist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313107]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:52, 5 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the Dutch, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish and Portuguese Wikipedias. This was the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend &quot;Who Wrote That?&quot; tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Search Improvements#Search Preview panel|Search Preview panel]] has been deployed on four Wikipedias (Catalan, Dutch, Hungarian and Norwegian). The panel will show an image related to the article (if existing), the top sections of the article, related images (coming from MediaSearch on Commons), and eventually the sister projects associated with the article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306341]
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe#Verifying_a_link_on_non-user_pages|RealMe]] extension now allows administrators to verify URLs for any page, for Mastodon and similar software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324937]
* The default project license [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimediaannounce-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7G6XPWZPQFLZ2JANN3ZX6RT4DVUI3HZQ/ has been officially upgraded] to CC BY-SA 4.0. The software interface messages have been updated. Communities should feel free to start updating any mentions of the old CC BY-SA 3.0 licensing within policies and related documentation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319064]

'''Problems'''
* For three days last month, some Wikipedia pages edited with VisualEditor or DiscussionTools had an unintended &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__TOC__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (or its localized form) added during an edit. There is [[mw:Parsoid/Deployments/T336101_followup|a listing of affected pages sorted by wiki]], that may still need to be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336101]
* Currently, the &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is broken. Existing &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; keywords incorrectly appear as missing templates in VisualEditor. Developers are exploring how to fix this. In the meantime, those wishing to edit the default sortkey of a page are advised to switch to source editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Last week, an update to the delete form may have broken some gadgets or user scripts. If you need to manipulate (empty) the reason field, replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#wpReason&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#wpReason &gt; input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. See [https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3AGadget-CleanDeleteReasons.js&amp;diff=22859956&amp;oldid=12794189 an example fix]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337809]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on English Wikipedia on Monday, and all other [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/large.dblist large] wikis on Thursday. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529]

'''Future changes'''
* From 5 June to 17 July, the Foundation's [[:mw:Wikimedia Security Team|Security team]] is holding a consultation with contributors regarding a draft policy to govern the use of third-party resources in volunteer-developed gadgets and scripts. Feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|Third-party resources policy]] on meta-wiki.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:51, 12 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Flame graphs are now available in WikimediaDebug. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JXNQD3EHG5V5QW5UXFDPSHQG4MJ3FWJQ/][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2023/06/08/flame-graphs-arrive-in-wikimediadebug/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
* There is now a toolbar search popup in the visual editor. You can trigger it by typing &lt;code&gt;\&lt;/code&gt; or pressing &lt;code&gt;ctrl + shift + p&lt;/code&gt;. It can help you quickly access most tools in the editor. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Visual_editor_toolbar_search_feature.png][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T66905]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:08, 19 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Action API modules and Special:LinkSearch will now add a trailing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to all &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prop=extlinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; responses for bare domains. This is part of the work to remove duplication in the &lt;code&gt;externallinks&lt;/code&gt; database table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337994]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, search was broken on Commons and Wikidata for 23 hours. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339810][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-06-18_search_broken_on_wikidata_and_commons]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Minerva skin now applies more predefined styles to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.mbox-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; CSS class. This enables support for mbox templates that use divs instead of tables. Please make sure that the new styles won't affect other templates in your wiki. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/skins/MinervaNeue/+/930901/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339040]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets will now load on both desktop and mobile by default. Previously, gadgets loaded only on desktop by default. Changing this default using the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|targets=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter is also deprecated and should not be used. You should make gadgets work on mobile or disable them based on the skin (with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|skins=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter in &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition&lt;/bdi&gt;) rather than whether the user uses the mobile or the desktop website. Popular gadgets that create errors on mobile will be disabled by developers on the Minerva skin as a temporary solution. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T127268]
* All namespace tabs now have the same browser [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Keyboard_shortcuts|access key]] by default. Previously, custom and extension-defined namespaces would have to have their access keys set manually on-wiki, but that is no longer necessary. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T22126]
* The review form of the Flagged Revisions extension now uses the standardized [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|user interface components]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the parser's HTML output will change in the coming weeks at [[:wikitech:Deployments/Train#Thursday|group2 wikis]]. This change improves the accessibility of content. You may need to update your site-CSS, or userscripts and gadgets. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Media_structure/FAQ|details on what code to check, how to update the code, and where to report any related problems]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314318]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:18, 26 June 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the rolling out of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposal, [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/small.dblist small wikis] will now be able to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline audio player mode|inline audio player]] that is implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] extension. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] From this week all gadgets automatically load on mobile and desktop sites. If you see any problems with gadgets on your wikis, please adjust the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|gadget options]] in your gadget definitions file. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:51, 3 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Section-level Image Suggestions|Section-level Image Suggestions feature]] has been deployed on seven Wikipedias (Portuguese, Russian, Indonesian, Catalan, Hungarian, Finnish and Norwegian Bokmål). The feature recommends images for articles on contributors' watchlists that are a good match for individual sections of those articles.
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global abuse filters]] have been enabled on all Wikimedia projects, except English and Japanese Wikipedias (who opted out). This change was made following a [[:m:Requests for comment/Make global abuse filters opt-out|global request for comments]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341159]
* [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] is a new tool for administrators to help fight spam. It provides a clearer interface for blocking plain domains (and their subdomains), is more easily searchable, and is faster for the software to process for each edit on the wiki. It does not support regex (for complex cases), nor URL path-matching, nor the [[MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist|MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist]], but otherwise it replaces most of the functionalities of the existing [[MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist|MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist]]. There is a Python script to help migrate all simple domains into this tool, and more feature details, within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:BlockedExternalDomains|the tool's documentation]]. It is available at all wikis except for Meta-wiki, Commons, and Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337431]
* The WikiEditor extension was updated. It includes some of the most frequently used features of wikitext editing. In the past, many of its messages could only be translated by administrators, but now all regular translators on translatewiki can translate them. Please check [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=ext-wikieditor&amp;messages=&amp;x=D#sortable:0=asc the state of WikiEditor localization into your language], and if the &quot;Completion&quot; for your language shows anything less than 100%, please complete the translation. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-ambassadors@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/D4YELU2DXMZ75PGELUOKXXMFF3FH45XA/ a more detailed explanation].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The default protocol of [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and API counterparts has changed from http to both http and https. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14810]
* [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and its API counterparts will now search for all of the URL provided in the query. It used to be only the first 60 characters. This feature was requested fifteen years ago. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T17218]

'''Future changes'''
* There is an experiment with a [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin. This is to show users where the information is coming from when they read information from Wikipedia. It has been tested by Wikimedia Foundation staff and other Wikimedians. Soon all ChatGPT plugin users can use the Wikipedia plugin. This is the same plugin which was mentioned in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Tech News 2023/20]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI]
* There is an ongoing discussion on a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|proposed Third-party resources policy]]. The proposal will impact the use of third-party resources in gadgets and userscripts. Based on the ideas received so far, policy includes some of the risks related to user scripts and gadgets loading third-party resources, some best practices and exemption requirements such as code transparency and inspectability. Your feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome until July 17, 2023 on [[m:Talk:Third-party resources policy|on the policy talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:54, 10 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] We are now serving 1% of all global user traffic from [[w:en:Kubernetes|Kubernetes]] (you can [[wikitech:MediaWiki On Kubernetes|read more technical details]]). We are planning to increment this percentage regularly. You can [[phab:T290536|follow the progress of this work]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message|system messages]] will now look for available local fallbacks, instead of always using the default fallback defined by software. This means wikis no longer need to override each language on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback_languages|fallback chain]] separately. For example, English Wikipedia doesn't have to create &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-ca&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-gb&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; subpages with a transclusion of the base pages anymore. This makes it easier to maintain local overrides. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T229992]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;action=growthsetmentorstatus&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API will be deprecated with the new MediaWiki version. Bots or scripts calling that API should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;action=growthmanagementorlist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321503]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:08, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]   On July 18, the Wikimedia Foundation launched a survey about the [[:mw:Technical_decision_making|technical decision making process]] for people who do technical work that relies on software that is maintained by the Foundation or affiliates. If this applies to you, [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/885471 please take part in the survey]. The survey will be open for three weeks, until August 7. You can find more information in [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/Q7DUCFA75DXG3G2KHTO7CEWMLCYTSDB2/|the announcement e-mail on wikitech-l]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:20, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Synchronizer|Synchronizer]] tool is now available to keep Lua modules synced across Wikimedia wikis, along with [[mw:Multilingual Templates and Modules|updated documentation]] to develop global Lua modules and templates.
* The tag filter on [[{{#special:NewPages}}]] and revision history pages can now be inverted. For example, you can hide edits that were made using an automated tool. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334337][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334338]
* The Wikipedia [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin experiment can now be used by ChatGPT users who can use plugins. You can participate in a [[:m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future Audiences#Announcing monthly Future Audiences open &quot;office hours&quot;|video call]] if you want to talk about this experiment or similar work. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI]

'''Problems'''
* It was not possible to generate a PDF for pages with non-Latin characters in the title, for the last two weeks. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342442]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Tuesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-kawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kaawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-knwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kshwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kwwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308135] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:54, 31 July 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25362228 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Mobile Web editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced_mobile_contributions#August_1,_2023_-_Full-page_editing_added_on_mobile|edit a whole page at once]]. To use this feature, turn on &quot;{{int:Mobile-frontend-mobile-option-amc}}&quot; in your settings and use the &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}&quot; button in the &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-overflow}}&quot; menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203151]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:20, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Content translation system is no longer using Youdao's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation|machine translation service]]. The service was in place for several years, but due to no usage, and availability of alternatives, it was deprecated to reduce maintenance overheads. Other services which cover the same languages are still available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329137]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ladwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lezwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lfnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-liwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lijwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lmowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ltgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-maiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-map_bmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mdfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kywiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308136] &lt;!-- TODO replace wiki codes --&gt;

'''Future changes'''
* A few gadgets/user scripts which add icons to the Minerva skin need to have their CSS updated. There are more details available including a [[phab:T344067|search for all existing instances and how to update them]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:59, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [https://gdrive-to-commons.toolforge.org/ GDrive to Commons Uploader] tool is now available. It enables [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GDrive to Commons Uploader|securely selecting and uploading files]] from your Google Drive directly to Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267868]
* From now on, we will announce new Wikimedia wikis in Tech News, so you can update any tools or pages.
** Since the last edition, two new wikis have been created:
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q7121294|Pa'O]] ([[wikt:blk:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:blk:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343540]
*** a Wikisource in [[d:Q34002|Sundanese]] ([[s:su:|&lt;code&gt;s:su:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343539]
** To catch up, the next most recent six wikis are:
*** Wikifunctions ([[f:|&lt;code&gt;f:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275945]
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[wikt:btm:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335216]
*** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q5555465|Ghanaian Pidgin]] ([[w:gpe:|&lt;code&gt;w:gpe:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335969]
*** a Wikinews in [[d:Q3111668|Gungbe]] ([[n:guw:|&lt;code&gt;n:guw:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334394]
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q33522|Kabardian]] ([[wikt:kbd:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kbd:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333266]
*** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35570|Fante]] ([[w:fat:|&lt;code&gt;w:fat:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335016]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There is an existing [[mw:Stable interface policy|stable interface policy]] for MediaWiki backend code. There is a [[mw:User:Jdlrobson/Stable interface policy/frontend|proposed stable interface policy for frontend code]]. This is relevant for anyone who works on gadgets or Wikimedia frontend code. You can read it, discuss it, and let the proposer know if there are any problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W34&quot;/&gt;

15:25, 21 August 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diff handling of paragraph splits]], improved detection of splits is being rolled out. Over the last two weeks, we deployed this support to [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Groups|group0]] and group1 wikis. This week it will be deployed to group2 wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341754]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] All [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] pages now show the user's local edit count and the account's creation date. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324166]
* Wikisource users can now use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prpbengalicurrency&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; label to denote Bengali currency characters as page numbers inside the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;pagelist&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tag.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268932]
* Two preferences have been relocated. The preference &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-visualeditor}}&quot; is now shown on the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|&quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab]] at all wikis. Previously it was shown on the &quot;{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}&quot; tab at some wikis. The preference &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-enable}}&quot; is now also shown on the &quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab at all wikis, instead of the &quot;{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}&quot; tab. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335056][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344158]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-31|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] New signups for a Wikimedia developer account will start being pushed towards &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://idm.wikimedia.org/ idm.wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, rather than going via Wikitech. [[wikitech:IDM|Further information about the new system is available]].
* All right-to-left language wikis, plus Korean, Armenian, Ukrainian, Russian, and Bulgarian Wikipedias, will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. This feature will come to more wikis in future weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921]

'''Future changes'''
* The removal of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DoubleWiki|DoubleWiki extension]] is being discussed. This extension currently allows Wikisource users to view articles from multiple language versions side by side when the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;=&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; symbol next to a specific language edition is selected. Comments on this are welcomed at [[phab:T344544|the phabricator task]].
* A proposal has been made to merge the second hidden-categories list (which appears below the wikitext editing form) with the main list of categories (which is further down the page). [[phab:T340606|More information is available on Phabricator]]; feedback is welcome!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:00, 28 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25510866 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[m:Wikisource_EditInSequence|EditInSequence]], a feature that allows users to edit pages faster on Wikisource has been moved to a Beta Feature based on community feedback. To enable it, you can navigate to the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features tab in Preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308098]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Generate Audio for IPA|Generate Audio for IPA]] and [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|Audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposals, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline_audio_player_mode|inline audio player mode]] of [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] has been deployed to all projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763]
* There is a new option for Administrators when they are changing the usergroups for a user, to add the user’s user page to their watchlist. This works both via [[{{#special:UserRights}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272294]
* One new wiki has been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34318|Talysh]] ([[w:tly:|&lt;code&gt;w:tly:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345166]
'''Problems'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:LoginNotify|LoginNotify extension]] was not sending notifications since January. It has now been fixed, so going forward, you may see notifications for failed login attempts, and successful login attempts from a new device. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344785]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-mhrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-miwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-minwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mtwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mwlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-myvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mznwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-napwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ndswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nds_nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-novwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nqowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nrmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nsowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ocwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-olowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-omwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-orwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-oswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pagwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-papwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pcdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pdcwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pflwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pihwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pnbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pntwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pswiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308137][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308138]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:33, 4 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25566983 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ORES|ORES]], the revision evaluation service, is now using a new open-source infrastructure on all wikis except for English Wikipedia and Wikidata. These two will follow this week. If you notice any unusual results from the Recent Changes filters that are related to ORES (for example, &quot;{{int:ores-rcfilters-damaging-title}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:ores-rcfilters-goodfaith-title}}&quot;), please [[mw:Talk:Machine Learning|report them]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342115]
* When you are logged in on one Wikimedia wiki and visit a different Wikimedia wiki, the system tries to log you in there automatically. This has been unreliable for a long time. You can now visit the login page to make the system try extra hard. If you feel that made logging in better or worse than it used to be, your feedback is appreciated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326281]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Technical decision making|Technical Decision-Making Forum Retrospective]] team invites anyone involved in the technical field of Wikimedia projects to signup to and join [[mw:Technical decision making/Listening Sessions|one of their listening sessions]] on 13 September. Another date will be scheduled later. The goal is to improve the technical decision-making processes.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|Better diff handling of paragraph splits]] wishlist proposal, the inline switch widget in diff pages is being rolled out this week to all wikis. The inline switch will allow viewers to toggle between a unified inline or two-column diff wikitext format. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336716]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on 20 September. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263]
* The Enterprise API is launching a new feature called &quot;[http://breakingnews-beta.enterprise.wikimedia.com/ breaking news]&quot;. Currently in BETA, this attempts to identify likely &quot;newsworthy&quot; topics as they are currently being written about in any Wikipedia. Your help is requested to improve the accuracy of its detection model, especially on smaller language editions, by recommending templates or identifiable editing patterns. See more information at [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/Breaking news|the documentation page]] on MediaWiki or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/FAQ#What is Breaking News|the FAQ]] on Meta.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:07, 11 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25589064 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki now has a [[mw:Stable interface policy/frontend|stable interface policy for frontend code]] that more clearly defines how we deprecate MediaWiki code and wiki-based code (e.g. gadgets and user scripts). Thank you to everyone who contributed to the content and discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346467][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263]
* All wikis will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The team investigating the Graph Extension posted [[mw:Extension:Graph/Plans#Proposal|a proposal for reenabling it]] and they need your input.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:19, 18 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25623533 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Vector 2022 skin will now remember the pinned/unpinned status for the Table of Contents for all logged-out users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316060]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mediawiki.ui&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; modules are now deprecated as part of the move to Vue.js and Codex. There is a [[mw:Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. More [[phab:T346468|details are available in the task]] and your questions are welcome there.
* Gadget definitions will have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new &quot;namespaces&quot; option]]. The option takes a list of namespace IDs. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages in the given namespaces.

'''Future changes'''
* New variables will be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]]: &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;global_account_groups&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;global_account_editcount&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. They are available only when an account is being created. You can use them to prevent blocking automatic creation of accounts when users with many edits elsewhere visit your wiki for the first time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345632][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules_format]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1698426015 27 October at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Office_Hours#October_2023|details and how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 26 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25655264 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-advancedrendering|user preference]] for &quot;{{int:tog-forcesafemode}}&quot;. This setting will make pages load without including any on-wiki JavaScript or on-wiki stylesheet pages. It can be useful for debugging broken JavaScript gadgets. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342347]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget definitions now have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new &quot;&lt;var&gt;contentModels&lt;/var&gt;&quot; option]]. The option takes a list of page content models, like &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;wikitext&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;css&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages with the given content models.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Vector 2022 skin will no longer use the custom styles and scripts of Vector legacy (2010). The change will be made later this year or in early 2024. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|how to adjust the CSS and JS pages on your wiki]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331679]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:26, 3 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25686930 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33291|Fon]] ([[w:fon:|&lt;code&gt;w:fon:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347935]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-warwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xalwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xmfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zeawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zh_min_nanwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zuwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308139]
* At some wikis, newcomers are suggested images from Commons to add to articles without any images. Starting on Tuesday, newcomers at these wikis will be able to add images to unillustrated article sections. The specific wikis are listed under &quot;Images recommendations&quot; [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment table|at the Growth team deployment table]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add an image|learn more about this feature.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345940]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In the mobile web skin (Minerva) the CSS ID &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#page-actions&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be replaced with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#p-views&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This change is to make it consistent with other skins and to improve support for gadgets and extensions in the mobile skin. A few gadgets may need to be updated; there are [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348267 details and search-links in the task].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:39, 9 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25712895 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|Unified login]] system's edge login should now be fixed for some browsers (Chrome, Edge, Opera). This means that if you visit a new sister project wiki, you should be logged in automatically without the need to click &quot;Log in&quot; or reload the page. Feedback on whether it's working for you is welcome. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347889]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/Edit_notice|Edit notices]] are now available within the MobileFrontend/Minerva skin. This feature was inspired by [[w:en:Wikipedia:EditNoticesOnMobile|the gadget on English Wikipedia]]. See more details in [[phab:T316178|T316178]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* In 3 weeks, in the Vector 2022 skin, code related to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;addPortletLink&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#p-namespaces&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; that was deprecated one year ago will be removed. If you notice tools that should appear next to the &quot;Discussion&quot; tab are then missing, please tell the gadget's maintainers to see [[phab:T347907|instructions in the Phabricator task]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:47, 16 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25745824 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language engineering/Newsletter/2023/October|Language and internationalization newsletter]], written quarterly. It contains updates on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects, and related support work.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Source map support has been enabled on all wikis. When you open the debugger in your browser's developer tools, you should be able to see the unminified JavaScript source code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T47514]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:16, 23 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25782286 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Structured Content team, as part of its project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]], made some UX improvements to the upload step of choosing own vs not own work ([[phab:T347590|T347590]]), as well as to the licensing step for own work ([[phab:T347756|T347756]]).
* The Design Systems team has released version 1.0.0 of [[wmdoc:codex/latest/|Codex]], the new design system for Wikimedia. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design_Systems_Team/Announcing_Codex_1.0|full announcement about the release of Codex 1.0.0]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Listings on category pages are sorted on each wiki for that language using a [[:w:en:International Components for Unicode|library]]. For a brief period on 2 November, changes to categories will not be sorted correctly for many languages. This is because the developers are upgrading to a new version of the library. They will then use a script to fix the existing categories. This will take a few hours or a few days depending on how big the wiki is. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345561][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267145] 
* Starting November 1, the impact module (Special:Impact) will be upgraded by the Growth team. The new impact module shows newcomers more data regarding their impact on the wiki. It was tested by a few wikis during the last few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203]

'''Future changes'''
* There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans#Roadmap|a proposed plan]] for re-enabling the Graph Extension. You can help by reviewing this proposal and [[mw:Extension_talk:Graph/Plans#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20231020221600-Update:_20_October|sharing what you think about it]].
* The WMF is working on making it possible for administrators to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration_2.0|edit MediaWiki configuration directly]]. This is similar to previous work on Special:EditGrowthConfig. [[phab:T349757|A technical RfC is running until November 08, where you can provide feedback.]] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 30 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25801989 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, the default font-size of a number of navigational elements (tagline, tools menu, navigational links, and more) has been increased slightly to match the font size used in page content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346062]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, there was a problem displaying some recent edits on [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist a few wikis], for 1-6 hours. The edits were saved but not immediately shown. This was due to a database problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350443]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The Growth team will reassign newcomers from former mentors to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Structured mentor list|the currently active mentors]]. They have also changed the notification language to be more user-friendly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330071][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327493]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:05, 6 November 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Four new wikis have been created:
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q7598268|Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[w:zgh:|&lt;code&gt;w:zgh:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350216]
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35159|Dagaare]] ([[w:dga:|&lt;code&gt;w:dga:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350218]
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q33017|Toba Batak]] ([[w:bbc:|&lt;code&gt;w:bbc:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350320]
** a Wikiquote in [[d:Q33151|Banjar]] ([[q:bjn:|&lt;code&gt;q:bjn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350217]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, users who previously visited Meta-Wiki or Wikimedia Commons and then became logged out on those wikis could not log in again. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350695]
* Last week, some pop-up dialogs and menus were shown with the wrong font size. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350544]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* Reference Previews are coming to many wikis as a default feature. They are popups for references, similar to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]]. [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|You can opt out]] of seeing them. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews. [[phab:T282999|Deployment]] is planned for November 22, 2023. 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Canary (also known as heartbeat) events will be produced into [https://stream.wikimedia.org/?doc#/streams Wikimedia event streams] from December 11. Streams users are advised to filter out these events, by discarding all events where &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;meta.domain == &quot;canary&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Updates to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] or [https://github.com/ChlodAlejandro/wikimedia-streams wikimedia-streams] will discard these events by default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T266798]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:52, 13 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25859263 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-quwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_rupwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_tarawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ruewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rwwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-satwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-shwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-siwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-skwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-slwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-smwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-suwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-szlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tcywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tetwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-towiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tpiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ttwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-twwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tyvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-udmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ugwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-uzwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vecwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vepwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vlswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vowiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308141][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308142][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308143] 
* The Vector 2022 skin will have some minor visual changes to drop-down menus, column widths, and more. These changes were added to four Wikipedias last week. If no issues are found, these changes will proceed to all wikis this week. These changes will make it possible to add new menus for readability and dark mode. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Updates#November_2023:_Visual_changes,_more_deployments,_and_shifting_focus|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347711]

'''Future changes'''
* There is [[mw:Extension talk:Graph/Plans#Update: 15 November|an update on re-enabling the Graph Extension]]. To speed up the process, Vega 2 will not be supported and only [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335325 some protocols] will be available at launch. You can help by sharing what you think about the plan.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:55, 21 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25884616 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki's JavaScript system will now allow &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;async&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;await&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; syntax in gadgets and user scripts. Gadget authors should remember that users' browsers may not support it, so it should be used appropriately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343499]
* The deployment of &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Add a link]]&quot; announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|last week]] was postponed. It will resume this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:08, 27 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25906379 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The spacing between paragraphs on Vector 2022 has been changed from 7px to 14px to match the size of the text. This will make it easier to distinguish paragraphs from sentences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T351754]
* The &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is working again. You no longer need to switch to source editing to edit &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* On 6 December, people who have the enabled the preference for &quot;{{int:Discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot; will notice the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|talk page usability improvements]] appear on pages that include the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__NEWSECTIONLINK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word. If you notice any issues, please [[phab:T352232|share them with the team on Phabricator]].

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Grid Engine deprecation|Grid Engine shutdown process]] will start on December 14. Maintainers of [[toolforge:grid-deprecation|tools that still use this old system]] should plan to migrate to Kubernetes, or tell the team your plans on Phabricator in the task about your tool, before that date. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/VIWWQKMSQO2ED3TVUR7KPPWRTOBYBVOA/]
* Communities using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions|Structured Discussions]] are being contacted regarding [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|the upcoming deprecation of Structured Discussions]]. You can read more about this project, and share your comments, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|on the project's page]].

'''Events'''
* Registration &amp; Scholarship applications are now open for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2024|Wikimedia Hackathon 2024]] that will take place from 3–5 May in Tallinn, Estonia. Scholarship applications are open until 5 January 2024.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:50, 4 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25914435 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikimedia Commons, there are some minor user-interface improvements for the &quot;choosing own vs not own work&quot; step in the UploadWizard. This is part of the Structured Content team's project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352707][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352709]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem showing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer homepage|Newcomer homepage]] feature with the &quot;impact module&quot; and their page-view graphs, for a few days in early December. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352352][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352349]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]] The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/796964 2023 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 5 January 2024, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:December_2023_Developer_Satisfaction_Survey|privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:12, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25945501 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 8 January 2024 because of [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|the holidays]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting December 18, it won't be possible to activate Structured Discussions on a user's own talk page using the Beta feature. The Beta feature option remains available for users who want to deactivate Structured Discussions. This is part of [[mw:Structured Discussions/Deprecation|Structured Discussions' deprecation work]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248309] 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There will be full support for redirects in the Module namespace. The &quot;Move Page&quot; feature will leave an appropriate redirect behind, and such redirects will be appropriately recognized by the software (e.g. hidden from [[{{#special:UnconnectedPages}}]]). There will also be support for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Renaming or moving modules|manual redirects]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120794]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The MediaWiki JavaScript documentation is moving to a new format. During the move, you can read the old docs using [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/REL1_41/js/ version 1.41]. Feedback about [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/master/js/ the new site] is welcome on the [[mw:Talk:JSDoc_WMF_theme|project talk page]].
* The Wishathon is a new initiative that encourages collaboration across the Wikimedia community to develop solutions for wishes collected through the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The first community Wishathon will take place from 15–17 March. If you are interested in a project proposal as a user, developer, designer, or product lead, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WishathonMarch2024|register for the event and read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:17, 18 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25959059 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-02 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [https://mediawiki2latex.wmflabs.org/ mediawiki2latex] is a tool that converts wiki content into the formats of LaTeX, PDF, ODT, and EPUB. The code now runs many times faster due to recent improvements. There is also an optional Docker container you can [[b:de:Benutzer:Dirk_Hünniger/wb2pdf/install#Using_Docker|install]] on your local machine.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The way that Random pages are selected has been updated. This will slowly reduce the problem of some pages having a lower chance of appearing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309477]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:19, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26026251 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Pages that use the JSON [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:ContentHandler|contentmodel]] will now use tabs instead of spaces for auto-indentation. This will significantly reduce the page size. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326065]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and personal user scripts may now use JavaScript syntax introduced in ES6 (also known as &quot;ES2015&quot;) and ES7 (&quot;ES2016&quot;). MediaWiki validates the source code to protect other site functionality from syntax errors, and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browsers|supported browsers]]. Previously, Gadgets could use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;requiresES6&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option. This option is no longer needed and will be removed in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T75714]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|Bot passwords]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|owner-only OAuth consumers]] can now be restricted to allow editing only specific pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T349957]
* You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thank]] edits made by bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341388]
* An update on the status of the Community Wishlist Survey for 2024 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Future Of The Wishlist/January 4, 2024 Update|has been published]]. Please read and give your feedback.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on January 17, it will not be possible to login to Wikimedia wikis from some specific old versions of the Chrome browser (versions 51–66, released between 2016 and 2018). Additionally, users of iOS 12, or Safari on Mac OS 10.14, may need to login to each wiki separately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344791]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module was deprecated and replaced with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module last year. A script has now been run to replace any remaining uses, and this week the temporary alias will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354966]

'''Future changes'''
* Wikimedia Deutschland is working to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. They are looking for people who are interested in participating in [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ individual video calls for user research in January and February].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:13, 16 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26074460 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* A bug in UploadWizard prevented linking to the userpage of the uploader when uploading. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354529]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:03, 23 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26096197 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting Monday January 29, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they are looking for, even if this comment was moved elsewhere. This will affect all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. You can read more about this change [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/ on Diff] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk_pages_permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]].&lt;!-- The Diff post will be published on Monday morning UTC--&gt; [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302011]
* There are some improvements to the CAPTCHA to make it harder for spam bots and scripts to bypass it. If you have feedback on this change, please comment on [[phab:T141490|the task]]. Staff are monitoring metrics related to the CAPTCHA, as well as secondary metrics such as account creations and edit counts.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] On February 1, a link will be added to the &quot;Tools&quot; menu to download a [[w:en:QR code|QR code]] that links to the page you are viewing. There will also be a new [[{{#special:QrCode}}]] page to create QR codes for any Wikimedia URL. This addresses the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Mobile and apps/Add ability to share QR code for a page in any Wikimedia project|#19 most-voted wish]] from the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329973]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] which only work in some skins have sometimes used the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;targets&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option to limit where you can use them. This will stop working this week. You should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328497]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 29 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26137870 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*The mobile site history pages now use the same HTML as the desktop history pages. If you hear of any problems relating to mobile history usage please point them to [[phab:T353388|the phabricator task]].
*On most wikis, admins can now block users from making specific actions. These actions are: uploading files, creating new pages, moving (renaming) pages, and sending thanks. The goal of this feature is to allow admins to apply blocks that are adequate to the blocked users' activity. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks#action-blocks|Learn more about &quot;action blocks&quot;]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242541][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Talk pages permalinks that included diacritics and non-Latin script were malfunctioning. This issue is fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356199]

'''Future changes'''
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#24WPs|24 Wikipedias]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference_Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] as a default gadget are encouraged to remove that default flag. This would make [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference_Previews|Reference Previews]] the new default for reference popups, leading to a more consistent experience across wikis. For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#46WPs|46 Wikipedias]] with less than 4 interface admins, the change is already scheduled for mid-February, [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference Previews to become the default for previewing references on more wikis.|unless there are concerns]]. The older Reference Tooltips gadget will still remain usable and will override this feature, if it is available on your wiki and you have enabled it in your settings. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference_Previews_to_become_the_default_for_previewing_references_on_more_wikis][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355312]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:22, 5 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26180971 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*  The [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split experiment]] is working and loaded onto 3 test servers. The team in charge is testing the split's impact and requires feedback from WDQS users through the UI or programmatically in different channels. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata_talk:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_graph_split][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356773][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Sannita_(WMF)] Users' feedback will validate the impact of various use cases and workflows around the Wikidata Query service. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/October_2023_scaling_update][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual#Federation]

'''Problems'''
*There was a bug that affected the appearance of visited links when using mobile device to access wiki sites. It made the links appear black; [[phab:T356928|this issue]] is fixed.  

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] As work continues on the grid engine deprecation,[https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation] tools on the grid engine will be stopped starting on February 14th, 2024. If you have tools actively migrating you can ask for an extension so they are not stopped. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:48, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26223994 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* If you have the &quot;{{int:Tog-enotifwatchlistpages}}&quot; option enabled, edits by bot accounts no longer trigger notification emails. Previously, only minor edits would not trigger the notification emails. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356984]
* There are changes to how user and site scripts load for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022| Vector 2022]] on specific wikis. The changes impacted the following Wikis: all projects with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector legacy]] as the default skin, Wikivoyage, and Wikibooks. Other wikis will be affected over the course of the next three months. Gadgets are not impacted. If you have been affected or want to minimize the impact on your project, see [[Phab:T357580| this ticket]]. Please coordinate and take action proactively.
*Newly auto-created accounts (the accounts you get when you visit a new wiki) now have the same local notification preferences as users who freshly register on that wiki. It is effected in four notification types listed in the [[phab:T353225|task's description]].
*The maximum file size when using [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload_Wizard|Upload Wizard]] is now 5 GiB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191804]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Selected tools on the grid engine have been [[wikitech:News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation|stopped]] as we prepare to shut down the grid on March 14th, 2024. The tool's code and data have not been deleted. If you are a maintainer and you want your tool re-enabled reach out to the [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support|team]]. Only tools that have asked for extension are still running on the grid.
* The CSS &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter filter]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; property can now be used in HTML &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;style&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attributes in wikitext. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308160]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:36, 19 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26254282 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile|mobile visual editor]] is now the default editor for users who never edited before, at a small group of wikis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile/VE_mobile_default#A/B_test_results| Research ]] shows that users using this editor are slightly more successful publishing the edits they started, and slightly less successful publishing non-reverted edits. Users who defined the wikitext editor as their default on desktop will get the wikitext editor on mobile for their first edit on mobile as well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352127]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Core modules#mw.config|mw.config]] value &lt;code&gt;wgGlobalGroups&lt;/code&gt; now only contains groups that are active in the wiki. Scripts no longer have to check whether the group is active on the wiki via an API request. A code example of the above is: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (/globalgroupname/.test(mw.config.get(&quot;wgGlobalGroups&quot;)))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356008]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The right to change [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags|edit tags]] (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;changetags&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) will be removed from users in Wikimedia sites, keeping it by default for admins and bots only. Your community can ask to retain the old configuration on your wiki before this change happens. Please indicate in [[phab:T355639|this ticket]] to keep it for your community before the end of March 2024.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:23, 26 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26294125 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Special:Book&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; page (as well as the associated &quot;Create a book&quot; functionality) provided by the old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Collection|Collection extension]] has been removed from all Wikisource wikis, as it was broken. This does not affect the ability to download normal books, which is provided by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Wikisource|Wikisource extension]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358437]
* [[m:Wikitech|Wikitech]] now uses the next-generation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] wikitext parser by default to generate all pages in the Talk namespace.  Report any problems on the [[mw:Talk:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Known_Issues|Known Issues discussion page]]. You can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration]] extension to control the use of Parsoid; see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration help documentation]] for more details.
* Maintenance on [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org etherpad] is completed. If you encounter any issues, please indicate in [[phab:T316421|this ticket]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] allow interface admins to create custom features with CSS and JavaScript. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget_definition&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespaces and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;gadgets-definition-edit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; user right were reserved for an experiment in 2015, but were never used. These were visible on Special:Search and Special:ListGroupRights. The unused namespaces and user rights are now removed. No pages are moved, and no changes need to be made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T31272]
* A usability improvement to the &quot;Add a citation&quot; in Wikipedia workflow has been made, the insert button was moved to the popup header. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354847]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
*  All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233]
* The HTML markup of headings and section edit links will be changed later this year to improve accessibility. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Heading_HTML_changes|Heading HTML changes]] for details. The new markup will be the same as in the new Parsoid wikitext parser. You can test your gadget or stylesheet with the new markup if you add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;?useparsoid=1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to your URL ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Selecting_a_parser_using_a_URL_query_string|more info]]) or turn on Parsoid read views in your user options ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Enabling_via_user_preference|more info]]).
*

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:47, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26329807 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* After consulting with various communities, the line height of the text on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] will be increased to its previous value of 1.65. Different options for typography can also be set using the options in the menu, as needed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358498]
*The active link color in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] will be changed to provide more consistency with our other platforms and best practices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358516]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|Structured data on Commons]] will no longer ask whether you want to leave the page without saving. This will prevent the “information you’ve entered may not be saved” popups from appearing when no information have been entered. It will also make file pages on Commons load faster in certain cases. However, the popups will be hidden even if information has indeed been entered. If you accidentally close the page before saving the structured data you entered, that data will be lost. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312315]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26374013 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The notice &quot;Language links are at the top of the page&quot; that appears in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]] main menu has been removed now that users have learned the new location of the Language switcher. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T353619]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP_Editing:_Privacy_Enhancement_and_Abuse_Mitigation/IP_Info_feature|IP info feature]] displays data from Spur, an IP addresses database. Previously, the only data source for this feature was MaxMind. Now, IP info is more useful for patrollers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341395]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge Grid Engine services have been shut down after the final migration process from Grid Engine to Kubernetes. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Obsolete:Toolforge/Grid][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2022/03/14/toolforge-and-grid-engine/]
* Communities can now customize the default reasons for undeleting a page by creating [[MediaWiki:Undelete-comment-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326746]

'''Problems'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] is an interface to interactively browse a page's history. Users in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider/Developing_a_RTL-accessible_feature_in_MediaWiki_-_what_we%27ve_learned_while_creating_the_RevisionSlider|right-to-left]] languages reported RevisionSlider reacting wrong to mouse clicks. This should be fixed now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352169]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1710943200 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:39, 18 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26410165 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] An update was made on March 18th 2024 to how various projects load site, user JavaScript and CSS in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]]. A [[phab:T360384|checklist]] is provided for site admins to follow.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:56, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26446209 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|reading accessibility]] beta feature will notice that the default line height for the standard and large text options has changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359030]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has an annual plan. The annual plan decides what the Wikimedia Foundation will work on. You can now read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs#Draft Key Results|the draft key results]] for the Product and Technology department. They are suggestions for what results the Foundation wants from big technical changes from July 2024 to June 2025. You can [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|comment on the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:36, 2 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26462933 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Web browsers can use tools called [[:w:en:Browser extension|extensions]]. There is now a Chrome extension called [[m:Future Audiences/Experiment:Citation Needed|Citation Needed]] which you can use to see if an online statement is supported by a Wikipedia article. This is a small experiment to see if Wikipedia can be used this way. Because it is a small experiment, it can only be used in Chrome in English.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit Recovery|Edit Recovery]] feature has been added to all wikis, available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user preference]]. Once you enable it, your in-progress edits will be stored in your web browser, and if you accidentally close an editing window or your browser or computer crashes, you will be prompted to recover the unpublished text. Please leave any feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Edit-recovery feature|project talk page]]. This was the #8 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey.
* Initial results of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] experiments [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#4_April_2024|have been published]]. Edit Check is now deployed as a default feature at [[phab:T342930#9538364|the wikis that tested it]]. [[mw:Talk:Edit check|Let us know]] if you want your wiki to be part of the next deployment of Edit check. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342930][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361727]
* Readers using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] on mobile will notice there has been an improvement in the line height across all typography settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359029]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* New accounts and logged-out users will get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|visual editor]] as their default editor on mobile. This deployment is made at all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361134]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:37, 8 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26564838 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Between 2 April and 8 April, on wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged Revisions]], the &quot;{{Int:tag-mw-reverted}}&quot; tag was not applied to undone edits. In addition, page moves, protections and imports were not autoreviewed. This problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361918][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361940]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#DEFAULTSORT|Default category sort keys]] will now affect categories added by templates placed in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite|footnotes]]. Previously footnotes used the page title as the default sort key even if a different default sort key was specified (category-specific sort keys already worked). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40435]
* A new variable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;page_last_edit_age&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be added to [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]]. It tells how many seconds ago the last edit to a page was made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269769]

'''Future changes'''
* Volunteer developers are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Four database fields will be removed from database replicas (including [[quarry:|Quarry]]). This affects only the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tables. Some queries might need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361996]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:29, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26564838 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting this week, newcomers editing Wikipedia [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Leveling up 3|will be encouraged]] to try structured tasks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer tasks|Structured tasks]] have been shown to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link/Experiment analysis, December 2021|improve newcomer activation and retention]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348086]
* You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|nominate your favorite tools]] for the fifth edition of the Coolest Tool Award. Nominations will be open until May 10. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* This is the last warning that by the end of May 2024 the Vector 2022 skin will no longer share site and user scripts/styles with old Vector. For user-scripts that you want to keep using on Vector 2022, copy the contents of [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector.js]] to [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector-2022.js]]. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|more technical details]] available. Interface administrators who foresee this leading to lots of technical support questions may wish to send a mass message to your community, as was done on French Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362701]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:28, 22 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26647188 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''

[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for the following wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}. These wikis participated to a test, where 50% of users got the new design, for one year. As this test [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|gave positive results]], the new design is deployed on these wikis as the default design. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at all wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341491]
* Seven new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[w:bew:|&lt;code&gt;w:bew:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357866]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35708|Kusaal]] ([[w:kus:|&lt;code&gt;w:kus:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359757]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35513|Igala]] ([[w:igl:|&lt;code&gt;w:igl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361644]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q33541|Karakalpak]] ([[wikt:kaa:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kaa:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362135]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9228|Burmese]] ([[s:my:|&lt;code&gt;s:my:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361085]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[s:ms:|&lt;code&gt;s:ms:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363039]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q8108|Georgian]] ([[s:ka:|&lt;code&gt;s:ka:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363085]
* You can now [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Support#Early_access:_Watch_Message_Groups_on_Translatewiki.net watch message groups/projects] on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/translatewiki.net|Translatewiki.net]]. Initially, this feature will notify you of added or deleted messages in these groups. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348501]
* Dark mode is now available on all wikis, on mobile web for logged-in users who opt into the [[Special:MobileOptions|advanced mode]]. This is the early release of the feature. Technical editors are invited to [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ check for accessibility issues on wikis]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|more detailed guidelines]].

'''Problems'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can use an alternative visual style without labels, by using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mapstyle=&quot;osm&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This wasn't working in previews, creating the wrong impression that it wasn't supported. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:33, 30 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26689057 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for all wikis, except for Commons, Wikidata and most Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|a few]] have already received this design change). You can read the detail of the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at remaining wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352087][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Interface admins now have greater control over the styling of article components on mobile with the introduction of the &lt;code&gt;SiteAdminHelper&lt;/code&gt;. More information on how styles can be disabled can be found [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikimediaMessages#Site_admin_helper|at the extension's page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363932]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has added article body sections in JSON format and a curated short description field to the existing parsed Infobox. This expansion to the API is also available via Wikimedia Cloud Services. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/article-sections-and-description/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you look at the Special:Log page, the first view is labelled &quot;All public logs&quot;, but it only shows some logs. This label will now say &quot;Main public logs&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237729]

'''Future changes'''
* A new service will be built to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Extension:Graph]]. Details can be found in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans|the latest update]] regarding this extension.
* Starting May 21, English Wikipedia and German Wikipedia will get the possibility to activate &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot;. This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to all Wikipedias]]. These communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|activate and configure the feature locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308144]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:44, 6 May 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikisource there is a special page listing pages of works without corresponding scan images. Now you can use the new magic word &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;__EXPECTWITHOUTSCANS__&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to exclude certain pages (list of editions or translations of works) from that list. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344214]
* If you use the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user-preference]] &quot;{{int:tog-uselivepreview}}&quot;, then the template-page feature &quot;{{int:Templatesandbox-editform-legend}}&quot; will now also work without reloading the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136907]
* [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can now specify an alternative text via the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute. This is identical in usage to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Syntax|image and gallery syntax]]. An exception for this feature is wikis like Wikivoyage where the miniature maps are interactive. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328137]
* The old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|Guided Tour]] for the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New Filters for Edit Review]]&quot; feature has been removed. It was created in 2017 to show people with older accounts how the interface had changed, and has now been seen by most of the intended people. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217451]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[{{#special:search}}]] results page will now use CSS flex attributes, for better accessibility, instead of a table. If you have a gadget or script that adjusts search results, you should update your script to the new HTML structure. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320295]

'''Future changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, main pages will be displayed at full width (like special pages). The goal is to keep the number of characters per line large enough. This is related to the coming changes to typography in Vector 2022. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357706]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Two columns of the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:pagelinks table|pagelinks]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; database table (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) are being dropped soon. Users must use two columns of the new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:special:MyLanguage/Manual:linktarget table|linktarget]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table instead (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). In your existing SQL queries:
*# Replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN linktarget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ON&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; statement
*# Below that add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks ON lt_id = pl_target_id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;
** See &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[phab:T222224]]&lt;/bdi&gt; for technical reasoning. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222224][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299947]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:58, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26762074 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, will now correctly delete pages which were moved to another title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T43351]
* New changes have been made to the UploadWizard in Wikimedia Commons: the overall layout has been improved, by following new styling and spacing for the form and its fields; the headers and helper text for each of the fields was changed; the Caption field is now a required field, and there is an option for users to copy their caption into the media description. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:WMF_support_for_Commons/Upload_Wizard_Improvements#Changes_to_%22Describe%22_workflow][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361049]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]  The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading_HTML_changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It will change on 22 May in some skins (Timeless, Modern, CologneBlue, Nostalgia, and Monobook). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in all other skins. The developers are also considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 20 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26786311 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Several bugs related to the latest updates to the UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons have been fixed. For more information, see [[:phab:T365107|T365107]] and [[:phab:T365119|T365119]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In March 2024 a new [[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addPortlet|addPortlet]] API was added to allow gadgets to create new portlets (menus) in the skin. In certain skins this can be used to create dropdowns. Gadget developers are invited to try it and [[phab:T361661|give feedback]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some CSS in the Minerva skin has been removed to enable easier community configuration. Interface editors should check the rendering on mobile devices for aspects related to the classes: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.collapsible&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.multicol&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.reflist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.coordinates&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.topicon&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [[phab:T361659|Further details are available on replacement CSS]] if it is needed.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you visit a wiki where you don't yet have a local account, local rules such as edit filters can sometimes prevent your account from being created. Starting this week, MediaWiki takes your global rights into account when evaluating whether you can override such local rules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316303]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:15, 28 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26832205 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* It is now possible for local administrators to add new links to the bottom of the site Tools menu without JavaScript. [[mw:Manual:Interface/Sidebar#Add or remove toolbox sections|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6086]
* The message name for the definition of the tracking category of WikiHiero has changed from &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikhiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; to &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikihiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/wikihiero/+/1035855]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q5317225|Kadazandusun]] ([[w:dtp:|&lt;code&gt;w:dtp:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365220]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* Next week, on wikis with the Vector 2022 skin as the default, logged-out desktop users will be able to choose between different font sizes. The default font size will also be increased for them. This is to make Wikimedia projects easier to read. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-06 deployments|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:35, 3 June 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26844397 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The software used to render SVG files has been updated to a new version, fixing many longstanding bugs in SVG rendering. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265549]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading HTML changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It was changed last week in some skins (Vector legacy and Minerva). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in Vector-2022. The developers are still considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML markup used for citations by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] changed last week. In places where Parsoid previously added the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class, Parsoid now also adds the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class for better compatibility with the legacy parser. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1036705]

'''Problems'''
* There was a bug with the Content Translation interface that caused the tools menus to appear in the wrong location. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366374]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The new version of MediaWiki includes another change to the HTML markup used for citations: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] will now generate a &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-cite-backlink&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; wrapper for both named and unnamed references for better compatibility with the legacy parser. Interface administrators should verify that gadgets that interact with citations are compatible with the new markup. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1035809] 
* On multilingual wikis that use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;translate&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; system, there is a feature that shows potentially-outdated translations with a pink background until they are updated or confirmed. From this week, confirming translations will be logged, and there is a new user-right that can be required for confirming translations if the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requests it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49177]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:20, 10 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* People who attempt to add an external link in the visual editor will now receive immediate feedback if they attempt to link to a domain that a project has decided to block. Please see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#11_June_2024|Edit check]] for more details. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366751]
* The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CommunityConfiguration|Community Configuration extension]] is available [[testwiki:Special:CommunityConfiguration|on Test Wikipedia]]. This extension allows communities to customize specific features to meet their local needs. Currently only Growth features are configurable, but the extension will support other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration#Use_cases|Community Configuration use cases]] in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323811][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360954]
* The dark mode [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] is now available on category and help pages, as well as more special pages. There may be contrast issues. Please report bugs on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366370]

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Cloud Services tools were not available for 25 minutes last week. This was caused by a faulty hardware cable in the data center. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2024-06-11_WMCS_Ceph]
* Last week, styling updates were made to the Vector 2022 skin. This caused unforeseen issues with templates, hatnotes, and images. Changes to templates and hatnotes were reverted. Most issues with images were fixed. If you still see any, [[phab:T367463|report them here]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367480]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting June 18, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Edit Check]] will be deployed to [[phab:T361843|a new set of Wikipedias]]. This feature is intended to help newcomers and to assist edit-patrollers by inviting people who are adding new content to a Wikipedia article to add a citation when they do not do so themselves. During [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#Reference_Check_A/B_Test|a test at 11 wikis]], the number of citations added [https://diff.wikimedia.org/?p=127553 more than doubled] when Reference Check was shown to people. Reference Check is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|community configurable]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361843]&lt;!-- NOTE: THE DIFF BLOG WILL BE PUBLISHED ON MONDAY --&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mailing_lists|Mailing lists]] will be unavailable for roughly two hours on Tuesday 10:00–12:00 UTC. This is to enable migration to a new server and upgrade its software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367521]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:48, 17 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Editors will notice that there have been some changes to the background color of text in the diff view, and the color of the byte-change numbers, last week. These changes are intended to make text more readable in both light mode and dark mode, and are part of a larger effort to increase accessibility. You can share your comments or questions [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading|on the project talkpage]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361717]
* The text colors that are used for visited-links, hovered-links, and active-links, were also slightly changed last week to improve their accessibility in both light mode and dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366515]

'''Problems'''
* You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|copy permanent links to talk page comments]] by clicking on a comment's timestamp. [[mw:Talk pages project/Permalinks|This feature]] did not always work when the topic title was very long and the link was used as a wikitext link. This has been fixed. Thanks to Lofhi for submitting the bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356196]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting 26 June, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link at English Wikipedia, making this feature available for you to use at all wikis. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they were linked to, even if this comment has since been moved elsewhere. You can read more about this feature [[DiffBlog:/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/|on Diff]] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365974]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:32, 24 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Over the next three weeks, dark mode will become available for all users, both logged-in and logged-out, starting with the mobile web version. This fulfils one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2023/Reading/Dark_mode|top-requested community wishes]], and improves low-contrast reading and usage in low-light settings. As part of these changes, dark mode will also work on User-pages and Portals. There is more information in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Updates#June_2024:_Typography_and_dark_mode_deployments,_new_global_preferences|the latest Web team update]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366364]
* Logged-in users can now set [[m:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-skin-skin-prefs|global preferences for the text-size and dark-mode]], thanks to a combined effort across Foundation teams. This allows Wikimedians using multiple wikis to set up a consistent reading experience easily, for example by switching between light and dark mode only once for all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341278] 
* If you use a very old web browser some features might not work on the Wikimedia wikis. This affects Internet Explorer 11 and versions of Chrome, Firefox and Safari older than 2016. This change makes it possible to use new [[d:Q46441|CSS]] features and to send less code to all readers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288287][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:How_to_make_a_MediaWiki_skin#Using_CSS_variables_for_supporting_different_themes_e.g._dark_mode]
* Wikipedia Admins can customize local wiki configuration options easily using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]. Community Configuration was created to allow communities to customize how some features work, because each language wiki has unique needs. At the moment, admins can configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] on their home wikis, in order to better recruit and retain new editors. More options will be provided in the coming months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366458]
* Editors interested in language issues that are related to [[w:en:Unicode|Unicode standards]], can now discuss those topics at [[mw:Talk:WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|a new conversation space in MediaWiki.org]]. The Wikimedia Foundation is now a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|member of the Unicode Consortium]], and the coordination group can collaboratively review the issues discussed and, where appropriate, bring them to the attention of the Unicode Consortium.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[w:btm:|&lt;code&gt;w:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368038] 

'''Problems'''
* Editors can once again click on links within the visual editor's citation-preview, thanks to a bug fix by the Editing Team. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368119]

'''Future changes'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 2 weeks. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:59, 1 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* At the Wikimedia Foundation a new task force was formed to replace the disabled Graph with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project|more secure, easy to use, and extensible Chart]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Chart Project|subscribe to the newsletter]] to get notified about new project updates and other news about Chart.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension is now available on Meta-wiki, Igbo Wikipedia, and Swahili Wikipedia, and can be requested on your wiki. This extension helps in managing and making events more visible, giving Event organizers the ability to use tools like the Event registration tool. To learn more about the deployment status and how to request this extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status|CampaignEvents page on Meta-wiki]]. 
* Editors using the iOS Wikipedia app who have more than 50 edits can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits#Add an image|Add an Image]] feature. This feature presents opportunities for small but useful contributions to Wikipedia.
* Thank you to [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth/Celebration|all of the authors]] who have contributed to MediaWiki Core. As a result of these contributions, the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth|percentage of authors contributing more than 5 patches has increased by 25% since last year]], which helps ensure the sustainability of the platform for the Wikimedia projects.

'''Problems'''
* A problem with the color of the talkpage tabs always showing as blue, even for non-existent pages which should have been red, affecting the Vector 2022 skin, [[phab:T367982|has been fixed]]. 

'''Future changes'''
* The Trust and Safety Product team wants to introduce [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] with as little disruption to tools and workflows as possible. Volunteer developers, including gadget and user-script maintainers, are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle temporary accounts. The team has [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|created documentation]] explaining how to do the update. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 1 more week. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:31, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27080357 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 3 more days. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia developers can now officially continue to use both [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]], due to a June 24 decision by the Wikimedia Foundation to support software development on both platforms. Gerrit and GitLab are both code repositories used by developers to write, review, and deploy the software code that supports the MediaWiki software that the wiki projects are built on, as well as the tools used by editors to create and improve content. This decision will safeguard the productivity of our developers and prevent problems in code review from affecting our users. More details are available in the [[mw:GitLab/Migration status|Migration status]] page.
* The Wikimedia Foundation seeks applicants for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). This group will bring technical contributors and Wikimedia Foundation together to co-define a more resilient, future-proof technological platform. Council members will evaluate and consult on the movement's product and technical activities, so that we develop multi-generational projects. We are looking for a range of technical contributors across the globe, from a variety of Wikimedia projects. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal#Joining the PTAC as a technical volunteer|Please apply here by August 10]].
* Editors with rollback user-rights who use the Wikipedia App for Android can use the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Anti Vandalism|Edit Patrol]] features. These features include a new feed of Recent Changes, related links such as Undo and Rollback, and the ability to create and save a personal library of user talk messages to use while patrolling. If your wiki wants to make these features available to users who do not have rollback rights but have reached a certain edit threshold, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android#Contact us|you can contact the team]]. You can [[diffblog:2024/07/10/ِaddressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/|read more about this project on Diff blog]].
* Editors who have access to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The_Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library]] can once again use non-open access content in SpringerLinks, after the Foundation [[phab:T368865|contacted]] them to restore access. You can read more about [[m:Tech/News/Recently_resolved_community_tasks|this and 21 other community-submitted tasks that were completed last week]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* This week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-07 deployments|dark mode will be available on a number of Wikipedias]], both desktop and mobile, for logged-in and logged-out users. Interface admins and user script maintainers are encouraged to check gadgets and user scripts in the dark mode, to find any hard-coded colors and fix them. There are some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations for dark mode compatibility]] to help.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Next week, functionaries, volunteers maintaining tools, and software development teams are invited to test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on testwiki. Temporary accounts is a feature that will help improve privacy on the wikis. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348895]
* Editors who upload files cross-wiki, or teach other people how to do so, may wish to join a Wikimedia Commons discussion. The Commons community is discussing limiting who can upload files through the cross-wiki upload/Upload dialog feature to users auto-confirmed on Wikimedia Commons. This is due to the large amount of copyright violations uploaded this way. There is a short summary at [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Cross-wiki upload|Commons:Cross-wiki upload]] and [[c:Commons:Village pump/Proposals#Deactivate cross-wiki uploads for new users|discussion at Commons:Village Pump]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:31, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature News'''
* Stewards can now [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks|globally block]] accounts. Before [[phab:T17294|the change]] only IP addresses and IP ranges could be blocked globally. Global account blocks are useful when the blocked user should not be logged out. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_locks|Global locks]] (a similar tool logging the user out of their account) are unaffected by this change. The new global account block feature is related to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project, which is a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors that are no longer made public.
* Later this week, Wikimedia site users will notice that the Interface of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) is improved and consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Wikimedia's design system]]. The FlaggedRevs interface experience on mobile and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MinervaNeue|Minerva skin]] was inconsistent before it was fixed and ported to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]] by the WMF Growth team and some volunteers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]
*  Wikimedia site users can now submit account vanishing requests via [[m:Special:GlobalVanishRequest|GlobalVanishRequest]]. This feature is used when a contributor wishes to stop editing forever. It helps you hide your past association and edit to protect your privacy. Once processed, the account will be locked and renamed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367329]
* Have you tried monitoring and addressing vandalism in Wikipedia using your phone? [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/10/%d9%90addressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/ A Diff blog post on Patrolling features in the Mobile App] highlights some of the new capabilities of the feature, including swiping through a feed of recent changes and a personal library of user talk messages for use when patrolling from your phone. 
* Wikimedia contributors and GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives, and museums) organisations can now learn and measure the impact Wikimedia Commons is having towards creating quality encyclopedic content using the [https://doc.wikimedia.org/generated-data-platform/aqs/analytics-api/reference/commons.html Commons Impact Metrics] analytics dashboard. The dashboard offers organizations analytics on things like monthly edits in a category, the most viewed files, and which Wikimedia articles are using Commons images. As a result of these new data dumps, GLAM organisation can more reliably measure their return on investment for programs bringing content into the digital Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/]

'''Project Updates'''
*  Come share your ideas for improving the wikis on the newly reopened [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]]. The Community Wishlist is Wikimedia’s forum for volunteers to share ideas (called wishes) to improve how the wikis work. The new version of the wishlist is always open, works with both wikitext and Visual Editor, and allows wishes in any language.

'''Learn more'''
* Have you ever wondered how Wikimedia software works across over 300 languages? This is 253 languages more than the Google Chrome interface, and it's no accident. The Language and Product Localization Team at the Wikimedia Foundation supports your work by adapting all the tools and interfaces in the MediaWiki software so that contributors in our movement who translate pages and strings can translate them and have the sites in all languages. Read more about the team and their upcoming work on [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/building-towards-a-robust-multilingual-knowledge-ecosystem-for-the-wikimedia-movement/ Diff]. 
* How can Wikimedia build innovative and experimental products while maintaining such heavily used websites? A recent [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/ blog post] by WMF staff Johan Jönsson highlights the work of the [[m:Future Audiences#Objectives and Key Results|WMF Future Audience initiative]], where the goal is not to build polished products but test out new ideas, such as a [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiments: conversational/generative AI|ChatGPT plugin]] and [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiment:Add a Fact|Add a Fact]], to help take Wikimedia into the future. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:04, 23 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors using the Visual Editor in languages that use non-Latin characters for numbers, such as Hindi, Manipuri and Eastern Arabic, may notice some changes in the formatting of reference numbers. This is a side effect of preparing a new sub-referencing feature, and will also allow fixing some general numbering issues in Visual Editor. If you notice any related problems on your wiki, please share details at the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|project talkpage]].

'''Bugs status'''
* Some logged-in editors were briefly unable to edit or load pages last week. [[phab:T370304|These errors]] were mainly due to the addition of new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|linter]] rules which led to caching problems. Fixes have been applied and investigations are continuing.
* Editors can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Information tool]] to get information about IP addresses. This tool is available as a Beta Feature in your preferences. The tool was not available for a few days last week, but is now working again. Thank you to Shizhao for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks#2024-07-25|28 other community-submitted tasks]] that were resolved last week.

'''Project updates'''
* There are new features and improvements to Phabricator from the Release Engineering and Collaboration Services teams, and some volunteers, including: the search systems, the new task creation system, the login systems, the translation setup which has resulted in support for more languages (thanks to Pppery), and fixes for many edge-case errors. You can [[phab:phame/post/view/316/iterative_improvements/|read details about these and other improvements in this summary]].
* There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|update on the Charts project]]. The team has decided which visualization library to use, which chart types to start focusing on, and where to store chart definitions.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9056|Czech]] ([[voy:cs:|&lt;code&gt;voy:cs:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370905] 

'''Learn more'''
* There is a [[diffblog:2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/|new Wikimedia Foundation data center]] in São Paulo, Brazil which helps to reduce load times.
* There is new [[diffblog:2024/07/22/the-perplexing-process-of-uploading-images-to-wikipedia/|user research]] on problems with the process of uploading images.
* Commons Impact Metrics are [[diffblog:2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/|now available]] via data dumps and API.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/July|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:10, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Two new parser functions will be available this week: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#dir|#dir]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#bcp47|#bcp47]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. These will reduce the need for &lt;code&gt;Template:Dir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Template:BCP47&lt;/code&gt; on Commons and allow us to [[phab:T343131|drop 100 million rows]] from the &quot;what links here&quot; database. Editors at any wiki that use these templates, can help by replacing the templates with these new functions. The templates at Commons will be updated during the Hackathon at Wikimania. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359761][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366623]
* Communities can request the activation of the visual editor on entire namespaces where discussions sometimes happen (for instance ''Wikipedia:'' or ''Wikisource:'' namespaces) if they understand the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/FAQ#WPNS|known limitations]]. For discussions, users can already use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] in these namespaces.
* The tracking category &quot;Pages using Timeline&quot; has been renamed to &quot;Pages using the EasyTimeline extension&quot; [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3ATimeline-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 in TranslateWiki]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match.

'''Project updates'''
* Editors who help to organize WikiProjects and similar on-wiki collaborations, are invited to share ideas and examples of successful collaborations with the Campaigns and Programs teams. You can fill out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/WikiProjects|a brief survey]] or share your thoughts [[m:Talk:Campaigns/WikiProjects|on the talkpage]]. The teams are particularly looking for details about successful collaborations on non-English wikis.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The new parser is being rolled out on {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} wikis over the next few months. The {{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage}} and {{int:project-localized-name-hewikivoyage}} were [[phab:T365367|switched]] to Parsoid last week. For more information, see [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]].

'''Learn more'''
* There will be more than 200 sessions at Wikimania this week. Here is a summary of some of the [[diffblog:2024/08/05/interested-in-product-and-tech-here-are-some-wikimania-sessions-you-dont-want-to-miss/|key sessions related to the product and technology area]].
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/07-02|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/July|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New design previews for Translatable pages; Updates about MinT for Wiki Readers; the release of Translation dumps; and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/31|Growth newsletter]] is available.
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/July 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:43, 5 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] editors and maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Actions#Show a CAPTCHA|make a CAPTCHA show if a filter matches an edit]]. This allows communities to quickly respond to spamming by automated bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T20110]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|Stewards]] can now specify if global blocks should prevent account creation. Before [[phab:T17273|this change]] by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product]] Team, all global blocks would prevent account creation. This will allow stewards to reduce the unintended side-effects of global blocks on IP addresses.

'''Project updates'''
* [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#August_2024_committee_nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new members to refresh the [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]]. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open until at least 2024-08-26.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2880037|West Coast Bajau]] ([[w:bdr:|&lt;code&gt;w:bdr:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371757]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 12 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who want to re-use references but with different details such as page numbers, will be able to do so by the end of 2024, using a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Sub-referencing in a nutshell|sub-referencing]] feature. You can read more [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|about the project]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|how to test the prototype]].
* Editors using tracking categories to identify which pages use specific extensions may notice that six of the categories have been renamed to make them more easily understood and consistent. These categories are automatically added to pages that use specialized MediaWiki extensions. The affected names are for: [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aintersection-category&amp;namespace=8 DynamicPageList], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Akartographer-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Kartographer], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aphonos-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Phonos], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Arss-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 RSS], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Ascore-use-category&amp;namespace=8 Score], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Awikihiero-usage-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 WikiHiero]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match. Thanks to Pppery for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347324]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Technical volunteers who edit modules and want to get a list of the categories used on a page, can now do so using the &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;categories&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; property of &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Title objects|mw.title objects]]&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This enables wikis to configure workflows such as category-specific edit notices. Thanks to SD001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T50175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85372]

'''Bugs status'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Your help is needed to check if any pages need to be moved or deleted. A maintenance script was run to clean up unreachable pages (due to Unicode issues or introduction of new namespaces/namespace aliases). The script tried to find appropriate names for the pages (e.g. by following the Unicode changes or by moving pages whose titles on Wikipedia start with &lt;code&gt;Talk:WP:&lt;/code&gt; so that their titles start with &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia talk:&lt;/code&gt;), but it may have failed for some pages, and moved them to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[Special:PrefixIndex/T195546/]]&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Your community should check if any pages are listed there, and move them to the correct titles, or delete them if they are no longer needed. A full log (including pages for which appropriate names could be found) is available in [[phab:P67388]].
* Editors who volunteer as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|mentors]] to newcomers on their wiki are once again able to access lists of potential mentees who they can connect with to offer help and guidance. This functionality was restored thanks to [[phab:T372164|a bug fix]]. Thank you to Mbch331 for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and 18 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* The application deadline for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product &amp; Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC) has been extended to September 16. Members will help by providing advice to Foundation Product and Technology leadership on short and long term plans, on complex strategic problems, and help to get feedback from more contributors and technical communities. Selected members should expect to spend roughly 5 hours per month for the Council, during the one year pilot. Please consider applying, and spread the word to volunteers you think would make a positive contribution to the committee.

'''Learn more'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award#2024 Winners|2024 Coolest Tool Awards]] were awarded at Wikimania, in seven categories. For example, one award went to the ISA Tool, used for adding structured data to files on Commons, which was recently improved during the [[m:Event:Wiki Mentor Africa ISA Hackathon 2024|Wiki Mentor Africa Hackathon]]. You can see video demonstrations of each tool at the awards page. Congratulations to this year's recipients, and thank you to all tool creators and maintainers.
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/08-01|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available, and includes some highlights from Wikimania, an upcoming Language community meeting, and other news from the movement.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:54, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Administrators can now test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on test2wiki. This was done to allow cross-wiki testing of temporary accounts, for when temporary accounts switch between projects. The feature was enabled on testwiki a few weeks ago. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Temporary Accounts is a project to create a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors which are no longer made public. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]].
* Later this week, editors at wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) may notice that the indicators at the top of articles have changed. This change makes the system more consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Bugs status'''
* Editors who use the 2010 wikitext editor, and use the Character Insert buttons, will [[phab:T361465|no longer]] experience problems with the buttons adding content into the edit-summary instead of the edit-window. You can read more about that, and 26 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Please review and vote on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas|Focus Areas]], which are groups of wishes that share a problem. Focus Areas were created for the newly reopened Community Wishlist, which is now open year-round for submissions. The first batch of focus areas are specific to moderator workflows, around welcoming newcomers, minimizing repetitive tasks, and prioritizing tasks. Once volunteers have reviewed and voted on focus areas, the Foundation will then review and select focus areas for prioritization.
* Do you have a project and are willing to provide a three (3) month mentorship for an intern? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Outreachy|Outreachy]] is a twice a year program for people to participate in a paid internship that will start in December 2024 and end in early March 2025, and they need mentors and projects to work on. Projects can be focused on coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, research). See the Outreachy page for more details, and a list of past projects since 2013.

'''Learn more'''
* If you're curious about the product and technology improvements made by the Wikimedia Foundation last year, read [[diffblog:2024/08/21/wikimedia-foundation-product-technology-improving-the-user-experience/|this recent highlights summary on Diff]].
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together.webm|Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together]] (55 mins) - about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Belgrade - Day 1 - Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views.webm|Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views]] (30 mins) - an overview for both technical and non technical audiences, covering some of the challenges and open questions, related to the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights|platform evolution, stewardship and developer experiences]] research.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:33, 26 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Editors and volunteer developers interested in data visualisation can now test the new software for charts. Its early version is available on beta Commons and beta Wikipedia. This is an important milestone before making charts available on regular wikis. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|read more about this project update]] and help to test the charts.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who use the [[{{#special:Unusedtemplates}}]] page can now filter out pages which are expected to be there permanently, such as sandboxes, test-cases, and templates that are always substituted. Editors can add the new magic word [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE|&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;]] to a template page to hide it from the listing. Thanks to Sophivorus and DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184633]
* Editors who use the New Topic tool on discussion pages, will [[phab:T334163|now be reminded]] to add a section header, which should help reduce the quantity of newcomers who add sections without a header. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:28}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Last week, some Toolforge tools had occasional connection problems. The cause is still being investigated, but the problems have been resolved for now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373243]
* Translation administrators at multilingual wikis, when editing multiple translation units, can now easily mark which changes require updates to the translation. This is possible with the [[phab:T298852#10087288|new dropdown menu]].

'''Project updates'''
* A new draft text of a policy discussing the use of Wikimedia's APIs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/API Policy Update 2024|has been published on Meta-Wiki]]. The draft text does not reflect a change in policy around the APIs; instead, it is an attempt to codify existing API rules. Comments, questions, and suggestions are welcome on [[m:Talk:API Policy Update 2024|the proposed update’s talk page]] until September 13 or until those discussions have concluded.

'''Learn more'''
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization.webm|Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization]] (25 mins) – about the above-mentioned Charts project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 3 - State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia.webm|State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia]] (90 mins) – about some of the language tools that support Wikimedia sites, such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content]]/[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section Translation]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MinT|MinT]], and LanguageConverter; also the current state and future of languages onboarding. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368772]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:07, 3 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Starting this week, the standard [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will receive new colors that make them compatible in dark mode. This is the first of many changes to come as part of a major upgrade to syntax highlighting. You can learn more about what's to come on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365311][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Editors of wikis using Wikidata will now be notified of only relevant Wikidata changes in their watchlist. This is because the Lua functions &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;entity:getSitelink()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will have their logic unified for tracking different aspects of sitelinks to reduce junk notifications from [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Projects/Watchlist Wikidata Sitelinks Tracking|inconsistent sitelinks tracking]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295356]

'''Project updates'''
*  Users of all Wikis will have access to Wikimedia sites as read-only for a few minutes on September 25, starting at 15:00 UTC. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]
* Contributors of [[phab:T363538#10123348|11 Wikipedias]], including English will have a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespace added to their Wikipedias. This improvement ensures that links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; (usually shortcuts to the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]) are not broken by [[w:en:Mooré|Mooré]] Wikipedia (language code &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Improvements and Maintenance'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Editors interested in templates can help by reading the latest Wishlist focus area, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template recall and discovery]], and share your feedback on the talkpage. This input helps the Community Tech team to decide the right technical approach to build. Everyone is also encouraged to continue adding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|new wishes]].
* The new automated [[{{#special:NamespaceInfo}}]] page helps editors understand which [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] exist on each wiki, and some details about how they are configured. Thanks to DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263513]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|References Check]] is a feature that encourages editors to add a citation when they add a new paragraph to a Wikipedia article. For a short time, the corresponding tag &quot;Edit Check (references) activated&quot; was erroneously being applied to some edits outside of the main namespace. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373692]
* It is now possible for a wiki community to change the order in which a page’s categories are displayed on their wiki. By default, categories are displayed in the order they appear in the wikitext. Now, wikis with a consensus to do so can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|request]] a configuration change to display them in alphabetical order. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373480]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool authors can now access ToolsDB's [[wikitech:Portal:Data Services#ToolsDB|public databases]] from both [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry|Quarry]] and [[wikitech:Superset|Superset]]. Those databases have always been accessible to every [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] user, but they are now more broadly accessible, as Quarry can be accessed by anyone with a Wikimedia account. In addition, Quarry's internal database can now be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry#Querying Quarry's own database|queried from Quarry itself]]. This database contains information about all queries that are being run and starred by users in Quarry. This information was already public through the web interface, but you can now query it using SQL. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:20}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Any pages or tools that still use the very old CSS classes &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-message-box&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; need to be updated. These old classes will be removed next week or soon afterwards. Editors can use a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-message-box&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=&amp;title= global-search] to determine what needs to be changed. It is possible to use the newer &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cdx-message&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; group of classes as a replacement (see [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/components/demos/message.html#css-only-version the relevant Codex documentation], and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Header&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=27449042 an example update]), but using locally defined onwiki classes would be best. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374499]

'''Technical project updates'''
* Next week, all Wikimedia wikis will be read-only for a few minutes. This will start on September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This maintenance process also targets other services.]] The previous switchover took 3 minutes, and the Site Reliability Engineering teams use many tools to make sure that this essential maintenance work happens as quickly as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]

'''Tech in depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/August 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes details about: research about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Hooks|hook]] handlers to help simplify development, research about performance improvements, work to improve the REST API for end-users, and more.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: 
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Auditorium Kyiv - Day 4 - Hackathon Showcase.webm|Hackathon Showcase]] (45 mins) - 19 short presentations by some of the Hackathon participants, describing some of the projects they worked on, such as automated testing of maintenance scripts, a video-cutting command line tool, and interface improvements for various tools. There are [[phab:T369234|more details and links available]] in the Phabricator task.
** [[c:File:Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem.webm|Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem]] (40 mins) - a roundtable discussion for tool-maintainers, users, and supporters of Toolforge about how to make the platform sustainable and how to evaluate the tools available there.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:02, 17 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. Reading the wikis will not be interrupted, but editing will be paused. These twice-yearly processes allow WMF's site reliability engineering teams to remain prepared to keep the wikis functioning even in the event of a major interruption to one of our data centers.

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Add alt text from a halfsheet, with the article behind.png|thumb|A screenshot of the interface for the Alt Text suggested-edit feature]]
* Editors who use the iOS Wikipedia app in Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Chinese, may see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|Alt Text suggested-edit experiment]] after editing an article, or completing a suggested edit using &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project#Hypothesis 2 Add an Image Suggested Edit|Add an image]]&quot;. Alt-text helps people with visual impairments to read Wikipedia articles. The team aims to learn if adding alt-text to images is a task that editors can be successful with. Please share any feedback on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|the discussion page]].
* The Codex color palette has been updated with new and revised colors for the MediaWiki user interfaces. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design System Team/Color/Design documentation#Updates|most noticeable changes]] for editors include updates for: dark mode colors for Links and for quiet Buttons (progressive and destructive), visited Link colors for both light and dark modes, and background colors for system-messages in both light and dark modes.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] It is now possible to include clickable wikilinks and external links inside code blocks. This includes links that are used within &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags and on code pages (JavaScript, CSS, Scribunto and Sanitized CSS). Uses of template syntax &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; are also linked to the template page. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368166]
* Two bugs were fixed in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Account vanishing|GlobalVanishRequest]] system by improving the logging and by removing an incorrect placeholder message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370595][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T372223]
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] From [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]]: 
** The API now enables 5,000 on-demand API requests per month and twice-monthly HTML snapshots freely (gratis and libre). More information on the updates and also improvements to the software development kits (SDK) are explained on [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ the project's blog post]. While Wikimedia Enterprise APIs are designed for high-volume commercial reusers, this change enables many more community use-cases to be built on the service too.
** The Snapshot API (html dumps) have added beta Structured Contents endpoints ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/ blog post on that]) as well as released two beta datasets (English and French Wikipedia) from that endpoint to Hugging Face for public use and feedback ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/hugging-face-dataset/ blog post on that]). These pre-parsed data sets enable new options for researchers, developers, and data scientists to use and study the content.

'''In depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) is used to get answers to questions using the Wikidata data set. As Wikidata grows, we had to make a major architectural change so that WDQS could remain performant. As part of the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split project]], we have new SPARQL endpoints available for serving the &quot;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org scholarly]&quot; and &quot;[https://query-main.wikidata.org main]&quot; subgraphs of Wikidata. The [http://query.wikidata.org query.wikidata.org endpoint] will continue to serve the full Wikidata graph until March 2025. After this date, it will only serve the main graph. For more information, please see [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|the announcement on Wikidata]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:36, 23 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Readers of [[phab:T375401|42 more wikis]] can now use Dark Mode. If the option is not yet available for logged-out users of your wiki, this is likely because many templates do not yet display well in Dark Mode. Please use the [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ night-mode-checker tool] if you are interested in helping to reduce the number of issues. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations page]] provides guidance on this. Dark Mode is enabled on additional wikis once per month.
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor as their default can access features from the 2017 wikitext editor by adding &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;?veaction=editsource&lt;/code&gt; to the URL. If you would like to enable the 2017 wikitext editor as your default, it can be set in [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-newwikitext|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239796]
* For logged-out readers using the Vector 2022 skin, the &quot;donate&quot; link has been moved from a collapsible menu next to the content area into a more prominent top menu, next to &quot;Create an account&quot;. This restores the link to the level of prominence it had in the Vector 2010 skin. [[mw:Readers/2024 Reader and Donor Experiences#Donor Experiences (Key Result WE 3.2 and the related hypotheses)|Learn more]] about the changes related to donor experiences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373585]
* The CampaignEvents extension provides tools for organizers to more easily manage events, communicate with participants, and promote their events on the wikis. The extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|enabled]] on Arabic Wikipedia, Igbo Wikipedia, Swahili Wikipedia, and Meta-Wiki. [[w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/其他#引進CampaignEvents擴充功能|Chinese Wikipedia has decided]] to enable the extension, and discussions on the extension are in progress [[w:es:Wikipedia:Votaciones/2024/Sobre la política de Organizadores de Eventos|on Spanish Wikipedia]] and [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Enabling the CampaignEvents Extention on Wikidata|on Wikidata]]. To learn how to enable the extension on your wiki, you can visit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|the CampaignEvents page on Meta-Wiki]].
* View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers with an account on Wikitech-wiki should [[wikitech:Wikitech/SUL-migration|check if any action is required]] for their accounts. The wiki is being changed to use the single-user-login (SUL) system, and other configuration changes. This change will help reduce the overall complexity for the weekly software updates across all our wikis.

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|server switch]] was completed successfully last week with a read-only time of [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Past Switches|only 2 minutes 46 seconds]]. This periodic process makes sure that engineers can switch data centers and keep all of the wikis available for readers, even if there are major technical issues. It also gives engineers a chance to do maintenance and upgrades on systems that normally run 24 hours a day, and often helps to reveal weaknesses in the infrastructure. The process involves dozens of software services and hundreds of hardware servers, and requires multiple teams working together. Work over the past few years has reduced the time from 17 minutes down to 2–3 minutes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/66ZW7B2MG63AESQVTXDIFQBDBS766JGW/]

'''Meetings and events'''
* October 4–6: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiIndaba conference 2024|WikiIndaba Conference's Hackathon]] in Johannesburg, South Africa
* November 4–6: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] in Vienna, Austria

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:20, 30 September 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27530062 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities can now request installation of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]] on their wiki. Automoderator is an automated anti-vandalism tool that reverts bad edits based on scores from the new &quot;Revert Risk&quot; machine learning model. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AutoModerator/Deploying|read details about the necessary steps]] for installation and configuration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336934]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Translators in wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|the mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now customize their articles suggestion list from 41 filtering options when using the tool. This topic-based article suggestion feature makes it easy for translators to self-discover relevant articles based on their area of interest and translate them. You can [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions try it with your mobile device]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368422]
* View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* It is now possible for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; code blocks to offer readers a &quot;Copy&quot; button if the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;copy=1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight#copy|set on the tag]]. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40932]
* Customized copyright footer messages on all wikis will be updated. The new versions will use wikitext markup instead of requiring editing raw HTML. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375789]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this month, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] will be rolled out on several pilot wikis. The final list of the wikis will be published in the second half of the month. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on [[phab:T376499|these 11 wikis]], and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Rate limiting has been enabled for the code review tools [[Wikitech:Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[Wikitech:GitLab|GitLab]] to address ongoing issues caused by malicious traffic and scraping. Clients that open too many concurrent connections will be restricted for a few minutes. This rate limiting is managed through [[Wikitech:nftables|nftables]] firewall rules. For more details, see Wikitech's pages on [[Wikitech:Firewall#Throttling with nftables|Firewall]], [[Wikitech:GitLab/Abuse and rate limiting|GitLab limits]] and [[Wikitech:Gerrit/Operations#Throttling IPs|Gerrit operations]].
* Five new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q49224|Komering]] ([[w:kge:|&lt;code&gt;w:kge:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374813]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36096|Mooré]] ([[m:mos:|&lt;code&gt;m:mos:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374641]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[wikt:mad:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:mad:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374968]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q2501174|Gorontalo]] ([[q:gor:|&lt;code&gt;q:gor:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375088]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikinews}} in [[d:Q56482|Shan]] ([[n:shn:|&lt;code&gt;n:shn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375430]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:42, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is starting to be removed. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|A first set of wikis]] are being contacted. These wikis are invited to stop using Flow, and to move all Flow boards to sub-pages, as archives. At these wikis, a script will move all Flow pages that aren't a sub-page to a sub-page automatically, starting on 22 October 2024. On 28 October 2024, all Flow boards at these wikis will be set in read-only mode. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370722]
* WMF's Search Platform team is working on making it easier for readers to perform text searches in their language. A [[phab:T332342|change last week]] on over 30 languages makes it easier to find words with accents and other diacritics. This applies to both full-text search and to types of advanced search such as the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''hastemplate''&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''incategory''&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. More technical details (including a few other minor search upgrades) are available. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:TJones_%28WMF%29/Notes/Language_Analyzer_Harmonization_Notes#ASCII-folding/ICU-folding_%28T332342%29]
* View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|EditCheck]] was installed at Russian Wikipedia, and fixes were made for some missing user interface styles.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editors who use the Toolforge tool [[toolforge:copyvios|Earwig's Copyright Violation Detector]] will now be required to log in with their Wikimedia account before running checks using the &quot;search engine&quot; option. This change is needed to help prevent external bots from misusing the system. Thanks to Chlod for these improvements. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers#Authentication_is_now_required_for_search_engine_checks_on_Earwig's_Copyvio_Tool]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] users can create tickets and add comments on existing tickets via Email again. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator/Help#Using email|Sending email to Phabricator]] has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356077]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Some HTML elements in the interface are now wrapped with a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element, to make our HTML output more aligned with Web standards. More changes like this will be coming in future weeks. This change might break some tools that rely on the previous HTML structure of the interface. Note that relying on the HTML structure of the interface is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Stable interface policy/Frontend#What is not stable?|not recommended]] and might break at any time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375975]

'''In depth'''
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/September 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes: updates on Wikimedia's authentication system, research to simplify feature development in the MediaWiki platform, updates on Parser Unification and MathML rollout, and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/October|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition include: research about improving topic suggestions related to countries, improvements to PHPUnit tests, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:21, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Mobile Apps team has released an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh#Phase 1: Creating a user Profile Menu (T373714)|update]] to the iOS app's navigation, and it is now available in the latest App store version. The team added a new Profile menu that allows for easy access to editor features like Notifications and Watchlist from the Article view, and brings the &quot;Donate&quot; button into a more accessible place for users who are reading an article. This is the first phase of a larger planned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh|navigation refresh]] to help the iOS app transition from a primarily reader-focused app, to an app that fully supports reading and editing. The Wikimedia Foundation has added more editing features and support for on-wiki communication based on volunteer requests in recent years.
[[File:IOS App Navigation refresh first phase 05.png|thumb|iOS Wikipedia App's profile menu and contents]]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikipedia readers can now download a browser extension to experiment with some early ideas on potential features that recommend articles for further reading, automatically summarize articles, and improve search functionality. For more details and to stay updated, check out the Web team's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments|Content Discovery Experiments page]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Web team's projects|subscribe to their newsletter]].
* Later this month, logged-out editors of [[phab:T376499|these 12 wikis]] will start to have [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] created. The list may slightly change - some wikis may be removed but none will be added. Temporary account is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User account types|type of user account]]. It enhances the logged-out editors' privacy and makes it easier for community members to communicate with them. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on these 12 wikis, and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. Read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|deployment plan across all wikis]].
* View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[w:nr:Main Page|South Ndebele]], [[w:rsk:Главни бок|Pannonian Rusyn]], [[w:ann:Uwu|Obolo]], [[w:iba:Lambar Keterubah|Iban]] and [[w:tdd:ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥲ ᥖᥥᥰ|Tai Nüa]] Wikipedia languages were created last week. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36785][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35660][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36614][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33424][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36556]
* It is now possible to create functions on Wikifunctions using Wikidata lexemes, through the new [[f:Z6005|Wikidata lexeme type]] launched last week. When you go to one of these functions, the user interface provides a lexeme selector that helps you pick a lexeme from Wikidata that matches the word you type. After hitting run, your selected lexeme is retrieved from Wikidata, transformed into a Wikidata lexeme type, and passed into the selected function. Read more about this in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17#Function of the Week: select representation from lexeme|the latest Wikifunctions newsletter]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Users of the Wikimedia sites can now format dates more easily in different languages with the new &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef|#timef]]:…}}&lt;/code&gt; parser function. For example, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will show as &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. Previously, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#time:…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; could be used to format dates, but this required knowledge of the order of the time and date components and their intervening punctuation. &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timef&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timefl&lt;/code&gt; for local time) provides access to the standard date formats that MediaWiki uses in its user interface. This may help to simplify some templates on multi-lingual wikis like Commons and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223772][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Commons and Meta users can now efficiently [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Localization|retrieve the user's language]] using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{USERLANGUAGE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead of using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:lang}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T4085]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Tech Advisory Council]] (PTAC) now has its pilot members with representation across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. They will work to address the [[Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Technology Council|Movement Strategy's Technology Council]] initiative of having a co-defined and more resilient technological platform. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy/Initiatives/Technology_Council]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/32|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: an upcoming Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module, new Community Configuration options, and details on new projects.
* The Wikimedia Foundation is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Security Team#CNA Partnership|now an official partner of the CVE program]], which is an international effort to catalog publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This partnership will allow the Security Team to instantly publish [[w:en:Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures|common vulnerabilities and exposures]] (CVE) records that are affecting MediaWiki core, extensions, and skins, along with any other code the Foundation is a steward of.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] is now [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#October 16, 2024: Conversations Made Easier: Machine-Translated Wishes Are Here!|testing machine translations]] for Wishlist content. Volunteers can now read machine-translated versions of wishes and dive into discussions even before translators arrive to translate content.

'''Meetings and events'''
* 24 October - Wiki Education Speaker Series Webinar - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/N4XTB4G55BUY3M3PNGUAKQWJ7A4UOPAK/ Open Source Tech: Building the Wiki Education Dashboard], featuring Wikimedia interns and a Web developer in the panel.
* 20–22 December 2024 - [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]] in Odisha, India. A hackathon for community members, including developers, designers and content editors, to build technical solutions that improve contributors' experiences.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:52, 21 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Later in November, the Charts extension will be deployed to the test wikis in order to help identify and fix any issue. A security review is underway to then enable deployment to pilot wikis for broader testing. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#October 2024: Working towards production deployment|the October project update]] and see the [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Charts latest documentation and examples on Beta Wikipedia].
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[w:en:PediaPress|Pediapress.com]], an external service that creates books from Wikipedia, can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Maps|Wikimedia Maps]] to include existing pre-rendered infobox map images in their printed books on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375761]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikis can use [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|the Guided Tour extension]] to help newcomers understand how to edit. The Guided Tours extension now works with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Dark mode|dark mode]]. Guided Tour maintainers can check their tours to see that nothing looks odd. They can also set &lt;code&gt;emitTransitionOnStep&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; to fix an old bug. They can use the new flag &lt;code&gt;allowAutomaticBack&lt;/code&gt; to avoid back-buttons they don't want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73927#10241528]
*  Administrators in the Wikimedia projects who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Nuke|Nuke Extension]] will notice that mass deletions done with this tool have the &quot;Nuke&quot; tag. This change will make reviewing and analyzing deletions performed with the tool easier. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366068]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:56, 28 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Stewards can now make [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks|global account blocks]] cause global [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblocks]]. This will assist stewards in preventing abuse from users who have been globally blocked. This includes preventing globally blocked temporary accounts from exiting their session or switching browsers to make subsequent edits for 24 hours. Previously, temporary accounts could exit their current session or switch browsers to continue editing. This is an anti-abuse tool improvement for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project. You can read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|progress on key features for temporary accounts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368949]
* Wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]] can now use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event list#October 29, 2024: Collaboration List launched|Collaboration List]] feature. This list provides a new, easy way for contributors to learn about WikiProjects on their wikis. Thanks to the Campaign team for this work that is part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product %26 Technology OKRs#WE KRs|the 2024/25 annual plan]]. If you are interested in bringing the CampaignEvents extension to your wiki, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|follow these steps]] or you can reach out to User:Udehb-WMF for help.
* The text color for red links will be slightly changed later this week to improve their contrast in light mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370446]
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, on multilingual wikis, users [[phab:T216368|can now]] hide translations from the WhatLinksHere special page.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* XML [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Data dumps|data dumps]] have been temporarily paused whilst a bug is investigated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/BXWJDPO5QI2QMBCY7HO36ELDCRO6HRM4/]

'''In depth'''
* Temporary Accounts have been deployed to six wikis; thanks to the Trust and Safety Product team for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|this work]], you can read about [[phab:T340001|the deployment plans]]. Beginning next week, Temporary Accounts will also be enabled on [[phab:T378336|seven other projects]]. If you are active on these wikis and need help migrating your tools, please reach out to [[m:User:Udehb-WMF|User:Udehb-WMF]] for assistance.
*  The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/October|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available.  It includes: New languages supported in translatewiki or in MediaWiki; New keyboard input methods for some languages; details about recent and upcoming meetings, and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] is happening in Vienna, Austria and online from 4 to 6 November 2024. The conference will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:50, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27693917 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] enabled, users will notice that the FuzzyBot will now automatically create translated versions of categories used on translated pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285463]
* View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the submitted task to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SecurePoll|SecurePoll extension]] for English Wikipedia's special [[w:en:Wikipedia:Administrator elections|administrator election]] was resolved on time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371454] 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] In &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:MediaWiki_1.44/wmf.2|1.44.0-wmf-2]]&lt;/code&gt;, the logic of Wikibase function &lt;code&gt;getAllStatements&lt;/code&gt; changed to behave like &lt;code&gt;getBestStatements&lt;/code&gt;. Invoking the function now returns a copy of values which are immutable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270851]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. The API will be rerouting some page content endpoints from RESTbase to the newer [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST API]] endpoints. The [[phab:T374683|impacted endpoints]] include getting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content. These changes will be available on testwiki later this week, with other projects to follow. This change should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints should verify behavior on testwiki, and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]].

'''In depth'''
* Admins and users of the Wikimedia projects [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator_Tools/Automoderator#Usage|where Automoderator is enabled]] can now monitor and evaluate important metrics related to Automoderator's actions. [https://superset.wmcloud.org/superset/dashboard/unified-automoderator-activity-dashboard/ This Superset dashboard] calculates and aggregates metrics about Automoderator's behaviour on the projects in which it is deployed. Thanks to the Moderator Tools team for this Dashboard; you can visit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator/Unified Activity Dashboard|the documentation page]] for more information about this work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369488]

'''Meetings and events'''
* 21 November 2024 ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] &amp; [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]) - [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Community call]] with Wikimedia Commons volunteers and stakeholders to help prioritize support efforts for 2025-2026 Fiscal Year. The theme of this call is how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:07, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of Wikimedia sites will now be warned when they create a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects|redirect]] to a page that doesn't exist. This will reduce the number of broken redirects to red links in our projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326057]
* View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Overview|Pywikibot]], which automates work on MediaWiki sites, was upgraded to 9.5.0 on Toolforge. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378676]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* On wikis that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]], pages created or moved by users with the appropriate permissions are marked as flagged automatically. This feature has not been working recently, and changes fixing it should be deployed this week. Thanks to Daniel and Wargo for working on this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379218][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368380]

'''In depth'''
* There is a new [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/11/05/say-hi-to-temporary-accounts-easier-collaboration-with-logged-out-editors-with-better-privacy-protection Diff post] about Temporary Accounts, available in more than 15 languages. Read it to learn about what Temporary Accounts are, their impact on different groups of users, and the plan to introduce the change on all wikis.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Technical volunteers can now register for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which will take place in Istanbul, Turkey. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/hackathon2025/ Application for travel and accommodation scholarships] is open from '''November 12 to December 10 2024'''. The registration for the event will close in mid-April 2025. The Wikimedia Hackathon is an annual gathering that unites the global technical community to collaborate on existing projects and explore new ideas.
* Join the [[C:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF%20support%20for%20Commons/Commons%20community%20calls|Wikimedia Commons community calls]] this week to help prioritize support for Commons which will be planned for 2025–2026. The theme will be how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. This is an opportunity for volunteers who work on different things to come together and talk about what matters for the future of the project. The calls will take place '''November 21, 2024, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]'''.
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place '''November 29, 16:00 UTC''' to discuss updates and technical problem-solving.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:00, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new version of the standard wikitext editor-mode [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will be available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] later this week. This brings many new features and bug fixes, including right-to-left support, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Template folding|template folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and an improved search panel. You can learn more on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]].
* The 2010 wikitext editor now supports common keyboard shortcuts such &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for bold and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;I&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for italics. A full [[mw:Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|list of all six shortcuts]] is available. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62928]
* Starting November 28, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;bswiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;elwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;euwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiquote&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiversity&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikivoyage&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;idwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;lvwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;plwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;ptwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;urwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;viwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. 
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a user creating a new AbuseFilter can now only set the filter to &quot;protected&quot; [[phab:T377765|if it includes a protected variable]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]], which can be used in JavaScript, CSS, JSON, and Lua pages, [[phab:T377663|now offers]] live autocompletion. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. The feature can be temporarily disabled on a page by pressing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and un-selecting &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Live Autocompletion&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool-maintainers who use the Graphite system for tracking metrics, need to migrate to the newer Prometheus system. They can check [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/K6DEOo5Ik/grafana-graphite-datasource-utilization?orgId=1 this dashboard] and the list in the Description of the [[phab:T350592|task T350592]] to see if their tools are listed, and they should claim metrics and dashboards connected to their tools. They can then disable or migrate all existing metrics by following the instructions in the task. The Graphite service will become read-only in April. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KLUV4IOLRYXPQFWD6WKKJUHMWE77BMSZ/]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/NewPP parser report|New PreProcessor parser performance report]] has been fixed to give an accurate count for the number of Wikibase entities accessed. It had previously been resetting after 400 entities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279069]

'''Meetings and events'''
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place November 29 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000 16:00 UTC]. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Mooré Wikipedia, the language support track at [[m:Wiki Indaba|Wiki Indaba]], and a report from the Wayuunaiki community on their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community over the last 3 years. This meeting will be in English and will also have Spanish interpretation.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 25 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Two new parser functions were added this week. The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interwikilink|#interwikilink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interwiki links|interwiki link]] and the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interlanguagelink|#interlanguagelink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interlanguage links|interlanguage link]]. These parser functions are useful on wikis where namespaces conflict with interwiki prefixes. For example, links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; on English Wikipedia [[phab:T363538|conflict with the &lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt; language code prefix of Mooré Wikipedia]].
* Starting this week, Wikimedia wikis no longer support connections using old RSA-based HTTPS certificates, specifically rsa-2048. This change is to improve security for all users. Some older, unsupported browser or smartphone devices will be unable to connect; Instead, they will display a connectivity error. See the [[wikitech:HTTPS/Browser_Recommendations|HTTPS Browser Recommendations page]] for more-detailed information. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CTYEHVNSXUD3NFAAMG3BLZVTVQWJXJAH/]
* Starting December 16, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;arwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;cawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;mediawikiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;orwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiktionary&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wikidatawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380910]
* This month the Chart extension was deployed to production and is now available on Commons and Testwiki. With the security review complete, pilot wiki deployment is expected to start in the first week of December. You can see a working version [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug with the &quot;Download as PDF&quot; system was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376438]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* In late February, temporary accounts will be rolled out on at least 10 large wikis. This deployment will have a significant effect on the community-maintained code. This is about Toolforge tools, bots, gadgets, and user scripts that use IP address data or that are available for logged-out users. The Trust and Safety Product team wants to identify this code, monitor it, and assist in updating it ahead of the deployment to minimize disruption to workflows. The team asks technical editors and volunteer developers to help identify such tools by adding them to [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/Impacted tools|this list]]. In addition, review the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|updated documentation]] to learn how to adjust the tools. Join the discussions on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|project talk page]] or in the [[discord:channels/221049808784326656/1227616742340034722|dedicated thread]] on the [[w:Wikipedia:Discord|Wikimedia Community Discord server (in English)]] for support and to share feedback. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:22, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Technical documentation contributors can find updated resources, and new ways to connect with each other and the Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team, at the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Documentation|Documentation hub]] on MediaWiki.org. This page links to: resources for writing and improving documentation, a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#wikimedia-techdocs&lt;/bdi&gt; IRC channel on libera.chat, a listing of past and upcoming documentation events, and ways to request a documentation consultation or review. If you have any feedback or ideas for improvements to the documentation ecosystem, please [[mw:Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team#Contact us|contact the Technical Documentation Team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Edit Check on Desktop.png|thumb|Layout change for the Edit Check feature]]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] will be relocated to a sidebar on desktop. Edit check is the feature for new editors to help them follow policies and guidelines. This layout change creates space to present people with [[mw:Edit check#1 November 2024|new Checks]] that appear ''while'' they are typing. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#Reference Check A/B Test|initial results]] show newcomers encountering Edit Check are 2.2 times more likely to publish a new content edit that includes a reference and is not reverted.
* The Chart extension, which enables editors to create data visualizations, was successfully made available on MediaWiki.org and three pilot wikis (Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedias). You can see a working examples [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* Translators in wikis where the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now discover articles in Wikiproject campaigns of their interest from the &quot;[https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=specialcx&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=collections&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=es&amp;to=en All collection]&quot; category in the articles suggestion feature. Wikiproject Campaign organizers can use this feature, to help translators to discover articles of interest, by adding the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;page-collection&gt; &lt;/page-collection&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag to their campaign article list page on Meta-wiki. This will make those articles discoverable in the Content Translation tool. For more detailed information on how to use the tool and tag, please refer to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists/How to use the features|the step-by-step guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378958]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, now has a [[phab:T376379#10310998|multiselect filter for namespace selection]]. This enables users to select multiple specific namespaces, instead of only one or all, when fetching pages for deletion.
* The Nuke feature also now [[phab:T364225#10371365|provides links]] to the userpage of the user whose pages were deleted, and to the pages which were not selected for deletion, after page deletions are queued. This enables easier follow-up admin-actions. Thanks to Chlod and the Moderator Tools team for both of these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364225#10371365]
* The Editing Team is working on making it easier to populate citations from archive.org using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|Citoid]] tool, the auto-filled citation generator. They are asking communities to add two parameters preemptively, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveUrl&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveDate&lt;/code&gt;, within the TemplateData for each citation template using Citoid. You can see an [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACite_web%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1261320172&amp;oldid=1260788022 example of a change in a template], and a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?namespaces=10&amp;q=%5C%22citoid%5C%22%3A%20%5C%7B&amp;regex=1&amp;title= list of all relevant templates]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374831]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9240|Indonesian]] ([[voy:id:|&lt;code&gt;voy:id:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380726]
* Last week, all wikis had problems serving pages to logged-in users and some logged-out users for 30–45 minutes. This was caused by a database problem, and investigation is ongoing. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/3g2ckc7bp6l9]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add Link]] feature has been fixed. Previously, the list of sections which are excluded from Add Link was partially ignored in certain cases. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380455][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380329]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, now has an early-stage [[git:design/codex-php|implementation in PHP]]. It is available for general use in MediaWiki extensions and Toolforge apps through [https://packagist.org/packages/wikimedia/codex Composer], with use in MediaWiki core coming soon. More information is available in [[wmdoc:design-codex-php/main/index.html|the documentation]]. Thanks to Doğu for the inspiration and many contributions to the library. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379662]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. On December 4, the MediaWiki Interfaces team began rerouting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content endpoints on [[testwiki:|testwiki]] from RESTbase to comparable MediaWiki REST API endpoints. The team encourages active users of these endpoints to verify their tool's behavior on testwiki and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]] before the end of the year, as they intend to roll out the same change across all Wikimedia projects in early January. These changes are part of the work to replace the outdated [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|RESTBase]] system.
* The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/986172 2024 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 3 January 2025, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:Developer Satisfaction Survey 2024 Privacy Statement|privacy statement]].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next meeting in the series of [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation discussions with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12 December 2024 08:00 UTC|December 12 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12_December 2024 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is new media and new contributors. Contributors from all wikis are welcome to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:16, 9 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Interested in improving event management on your home wiki? The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] offers organizers features like event registration management, event/wikiproject promotion, finding potential participants, and more - all directly on-wiki. If you are an organizer or think your community would benefit from this extension, start a discussion to enable it on your wiki today. To learn more about how to enable this extension on your wiki, visit the [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|deployment status page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in Italy and Mexico on the Italian, Spanish, and English Wikipedias, can see a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review|personalized Year in Review]] with insights based on their reading and editing history.
* Users of the Android Wikipedia App in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia can see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Rabbit Holes|Rabbit Holes]] feature. This feature shows a suggested search term in the Search bar based on the current article being viewed, and a suggested reading list generated from the user’s last two visited articles.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|global reminder bot]] is now active and running on nearly 800 wikis. This service reminds most users holding temporary rights when they are about to expire, so that they can renew should they want to. See [[m:Global reminder bot/Technical details|the technical details page]] for more information.
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 13 January 2025 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was [[phab:T374988|fixed]] in the Android Wikipedia App which had caused translatable SVG images to show the wrong language when they were tapped.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version next week. The next deployments will start on 14 January. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar/2025] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:24, 16 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Single User Login system is being updated over the next few months. This is the system which allows users to fill out the login form on one Wikimedia site and get logged in on all others at the same time. It needs to be updated because of the ways that browsers are increasingly restricting cross-domain cookies. To accommodate these restrictions, login and account creation pages will move to a central domain, but it will still appear to the user as if they are on the originating wiki. The updated code will be enabled this week for users on test wikis. This change is planned to roll out to all users during February and March. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and a timeline.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments|PageAssessments]] installed, you can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments#Search|filter search results]] to pages in a given WikiProject by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;inproject:&lt;/code&gt; keyword. (These wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-huwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378868] 
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34129|Tigre]] ([[w:tig:|&lt;code&gt;w:tig:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381377]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with updating a user's edit-count after making a rollback edit, which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382592]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia REST API users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. Starting the week of January 13, we will begin rerouting [[phab:T374683|some page content endpoints]] from RESTbase to the newer MediaWiki REST API endpoints for all wiki projects. This change was previously available on testwiki and should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints may raise issues directly to the [[phab:project/view/6931/|MediaWiki Interfaces Team]] in Phabricator if they arise.
* Toolforge tool maintainers can now share their feedback on Toolforge UI, an initiative to provide a web platform that allows creating and managing Toolforge tools through a graphic interface, in addition to existing command-line workflows. This project aims to streamline active maintainers’ tasks, as well as make registration and deployment processes more accessible for new tool creators. The initiative is still at a very early stage, and the Cloud Services team is in the process of collecting feedback from the Toolforge community to help shape the solution to their needs. [[wikitech:Wikimedia Cloud Services team/EnhancementProposals/Toolforge UI|Read more and share your thoughts about Toolforge UI]]. 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] For tool and library developers who use the OAuth system: The identity endpoint used for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user|OAuth 1]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user 2|OAuth 2]] returned a JSON object with an integer in its &lt;code&gt;sub&lt;/code&gt; field, which was incorrect (the field must always be a string). This has been fixed; the fix will be deployed to Wikimedia wikis on the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382139]
* Many wikis currently use [[:mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|Cite CSS]] to render custom footnote markers in Parsoid output. Starting January 20 these rules will be disabled, but the developers ask you to ''not'' clean up your &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]&lt;/bdi&gt; until February 20 to avoid issues during the migration. Your wikis might experience some small changes to footnote markers in Visual Editor and when using experimental Parsoid read mode, but if there are changes these are expected to bring the rendering in line with the legacy parser output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370027]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next meeting in the series of [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation Community Conversations with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 08:00 UTC|January 15 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is defining the priorities in tool investment for Commons. Contributors from all wikis, especially users who are maintaining tools for Commons, are welcome to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:42, 14 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators can mass-delete multiple pages created by a user or IP address using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Extension:Nuke]]. It previously only allowed deletion of pages created in the last 30 days. It can now delete pages from the last 90 days, provided it is targeting a specific user or IP address. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380846]
* On [[phab:P72148|wikis that use]] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Patrolled edits|Patrolled edits]] feature, when the rollback feature is used to revert an unpatrolled page revision, that revision will now be marked as &quot;manually patrolled&quot; instead of &quot;autopatrolled&quot;, which is more accurate. Some editors that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filters]] on Recent Changes may need to update their filter settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302140]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Visual Editor's &quot;Insert link&quot; feature did not always suggest existing pages properly when an editor started typing, which has now been [[phab:T383497|fixed]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is being progressively removed from the wikis. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|The last group of wikis]] ({{int:project-localized-name-cawikiquote/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwikimedia/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwikibooks/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewikimedia/en}}) will soon be contacted. If you have questions about this process, please ping [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] at your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380912]
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical_Community_Newsletter/2025/January|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: updates about services from the Data Platform Engineering teams, information about Codex from the Design System team, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:36, 21 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Patrollers and admins - what information or context about edits or users could help you to make patroller or admin decisions more quickly or easily? The Wikimedia Foundation wants to hear from you to help guide its upcoming annual plan. Please consider sharing your thoughts on this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|13 other questions]] to shape the technical direction for next year.

'''Updates for editors'''
* iOS Wikipedia App users worldwide can now access a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review/How your data is used|personalized Year in Review]] feature, which provides insights based on their reading and editing history on Wikipedia. This project is part of a broader effort to help welcome new readers as they discover and interact with encyclopedic content.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Edit patrollers now have a new feature available that can highlight potentially problematic new pages. When a page is created with the same title as a page which was previously deleted, a tag ('Recreated') will now be added, which users can filter for in [[{{#special:RecentChanges}}]] and [[{{#special:NewPages}}]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T56145]
* Later this week, there will be a new warning for editors if they attempt to create a redirect that links to another redirect (a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects#Double redirects|double redirect]]). The feature will recommend that they link directly to the second redirect's target page. Thanks to the user SomeRandomDeveloper for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326056]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia wikis allow [[w:en:WebAuthn|WebAuthn]]-based second factor checks (such as hardware tokens) during login, but the feature is [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Fix security key (WebAuthn) support|fragile]] and has very few users. The MediaWiki Platform team is temporarily disabling adding new WebAuthn keys, to avoid interfering with the rollout of [[mw:MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3]] (single user login version 3). Existing keys are unaffected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378402]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* For developers that use the [[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake/Edits/MediaWiki history dumps|MediaWiki History dumps]]: The Data Platform Engineering team has added a couple of new fields to these dumps, to support the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] initiative. If you maintain software that reads those dumps, please review your code and the updated documentation, since the order of the fields in the row will change. There will also be one field rename: in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki_user_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; dump, the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;anonymous&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; field will be renamed to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;is_anonymous&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. The changes will take effect with the next release of the dumps in February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LKMFDS62TXGDN6L56F4ABXYLN7CSCQDI/] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:14, 27 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors who use the &quot;Special characters&quot; editing-toolbar menu can now see the 32 special characters you have used most recently, across editing sessions on that wiki. This change should help make it easier to find the characters you use most often. The feature is in both the 2010 wikitext editor and VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110722]
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor can now create sublists with correct indentation by selecting the line(s) you want to indent and then clicking the toolbar buttons.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380438] You can now also insert &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags using a new toolbar button.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383010] Thanks to user stjn for these improvements.
* Help is needed to ensure the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]] works properly on each wiki.
** (1) Administrators should update the local versions of the page &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json&lt;/code&gt; to include entries for &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;preprint&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;standard&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;dataset&lt;/code&gt;; Here are example diffs to replicate [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&amp;diff=1189164774&amp;oldid=1165783565 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&amp;diff=1270832208&amp;oldid=1270828390 for 'standard' and 'dataset'].
** (2.1) If the citoid map in the citation template used for these types of references is missing, [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki#Step 2.a: Create a 'citoid' maps value for each citation template|one will need to be added]]. (2.2) If the citoid map does exist, the TemplateData will need to be updated to include new field names. Here are example updates [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1270829051&amp;oldid=1262470053 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1270831369&amp;oldid=1270829480 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. The new fields that may need to be supported are &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;identifier&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;repository&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;organization&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;repositoryLocation&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;committee&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;versionNumber&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383666]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q15637215|Central Kanuri]] ([[w:knc:|&lt;code&gt;w:knc:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385181]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Wikisource/Wikimedia OCR|OCR (optical character recognition) tool]] used for Wikisource now supports a new language, Church Slavonic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384782]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:09, 4 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''

* The Product and Technology Advisory Council (PTAC) has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|a draft of their recommendations]] for the Wikimedia Foundation's Product and Technology department. They have recommended focusing on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback/Mobile experiences|mobile experiences]], particularly contributions. They request community [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|feedback at the talk page]] by 21 February.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;Special pages&quot; portlet link will be moved from the &quot;Toolbox&quot; into the &quot;Navigation&quot; section of the main menu's sidebar by default. This change is because the Toolbox is intended for tools relating to the current page, not tools relating to the site, so the link will be more logically and consistently located. To modify this behavior and update CSS styling, administrators can follow the instructions at [[phab:T385346|T385346]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333211]
* As part of this year's work around improving the ways readers discover content on the wikis, the Web team will be running an experiment with a small number of readers that displays some suggestions for related or interesting articles within the search bar. Please check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments#Experiment 1: Display article recommendations in more prominent locations, search|the project page]] for more information.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template editors who use TemplateStyles can now customize output for users with specific accessibility needs by using accessibility related media queries (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion prefers-reduced-motion]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-transparency prefers-reduced-transparency]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-contrast prefers-contrast]&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/forced-colors forced-colors]&lt;/code&gt;). Thanks to user Bawolff for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384175]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the global blocks log will now be shown directly on the {{#special:CentralAuth}} page, similarly to global locks, to simplify the workflows for stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377024]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikidata [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Default values for labels and aliases|now supports a special language as a &quot;default for all languages&quot;]] for labels and aliases. This is to avoid excessive duplication of the same information across many languages. If your Wikidata queries use labels, you may need to update them as some existing labels are getting removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312511]
* The function &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;getDescription&lt;/code&gt; was invoked on every Wiki page read and accounts for ~2.5% of a page's total load time. The calculated value will now be cached, reducing load on Wikimedia servers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383660]
* As part of the RESTBase deprecation [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|effort]], the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;/page/related&lt;/code&gt; endpoint has been blocked as of February 6, 2025, and will be removed soon. This timeline was chosen to align with the deprecation schedules for older Android and iOS versions. The stable alternative is the &quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;morelike&lt;/code&gt;&quot; action API in MediaWiki, and [[gerrit:c/mediawiki/services/mobileapps/+/982154/13/pagelib/src/transform/FooterReadMore.js|a migration example]] is available. The MediaWiki Interfaces team [[phab:T376297|can be contacted]] for any questions. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/GFC2IJO7L4BWO3YTM7C5HF4MCCBE2RJ2/]

'''In depth'''

* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: Updates about the &quot;Contribute&quot; menu; details on some of the newest language editions of Wikipedia; details on new languages supported by the MediaWiki interface; updates on the Community-defined lists feature; and more. 
* The latest [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#January 2025: Better visibility into charts and tabular data usage|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on the progress towards bringing better visibility into global charts usage and support for categorizing pages in the Data namespace on Commons.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:12, 11 February 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28231022 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities using growth tools can now showcase one event on the &lt;code&gt;{{#special:Homepage}}&lt;/code&gt; for newcomers. This feature will help newcomers to be informed about editing activities they can participate in. Administrators can create a new event to showcase at &lt;code&gt;{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}&lt;/code&gt;. To learn more about this feature, please read [[diffblog:2025/02/12/community-updates-module-connecting-newcomers-to-your-initiatives/|the Diff post]], have a look [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|at the documentation]], or contact [[mw:Talk:Growth|the Growth team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|thumb|Highlighted talk pages improvements]]
* Starting next week, talk pages at these wikis – {{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}} – will get [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|a new design]]. This change was extensively tested as a Beta feature and is the last step of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|talk pages improvements]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379102]
* You can now navigate to view a redirect page directly from its action pages, such as the history page. Previously, you were forced to first go to the redirect target. This change should help editors who work with redirects a lot. Thanks to user stjn for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5324]
* When a Cite reference is reused many times, wikis currently show either numbers like &quot;1.23&quot; or localized alphabetic markers like &quot;a b c&quot; in the reference list. Previously, if there were so many reuses that the alphabetic markers were all used, [[MediaWiki:Cite error references no backlink label|an error message]] was displayed.  As part of the work to [[phab:T383036|modernize Cite customization]], these errors will no longer be shown and instead the backlinks will fall back to showing numeric markers like &quot;1.23&quot; once the alphabetic markers are all used.
* The log entries for each change to an editor's user-groups are now clearer by specifying exactly what has changed, instead of the plain before and after listings. Translators can [[phab:T369466|help to update the localized versions]]. Thanks to user Msz2001 for these improvements.
* A new filter has been added to the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool, which allows administrators to mass delete pages, to enable users to filter for pages in a range of page sizes (in bytes). This allows, for example, deleting pages only of a certain size or below. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378488]
* Non-administrators can now check which pages are able to be deleted using the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool. Thanks to user MolecularPilot for this and the previous improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376378]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed in the configuration for the AV1 video file format, which enables these files to play again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382193]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to most Wiktionaries over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyage to Parsoid Read Views last year. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385923][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371640]
* Developers of tools that run on-wiki should note that &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Uri&lt;/code&gt; is deprecated. Tools requiring &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Uri&lt;/code&gt; must explicitly declare &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mediawiki.Uri&lt;/code&gt; as a ResourceLoader dependency, and should migrate to the browser native &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;URL&lt;/code&gt; API soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384515]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:16, 17 February 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28275610 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators can now customize how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User language|Babel feature]] creates categories using [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Babel}}]]. They can rename language categories, choose whether they should be auto-created, and adjust other settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374348]
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikimedia.org/ wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; portal has been updated – and is receiving some ongoing improvements – to modernize and improve the accessibility of our portal pages. It now has better support for mobile layouts, updated wording and links, and better language support. Additionally, all of the Wikimedia project portals, such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://wikibooks.org wikibooks.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, now support dark mode when a reader is using that system setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373204][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368221][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Project_portals]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33965|Santali]] ([[wikt:sat:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:sat:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386619]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that prevented clicking on search results in the web-interface for some Firefox for Android phone configurations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381289]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next Language Community Meeting is happening soon, February 28th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1740751200 14:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: highlights and technical updates on keyboard and tools for the Sámi languages, Translatewiki.net contributions from the Bahasa Lampung community in Indonesia, and technical Q&amp;A. If you'd like to join, simply [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#28 February 2025|sign up on the wiki page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:41, 25 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* All logged-in editors using the mobile view can now edit a full page. The &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}&quot; link is accessible from the &quot;{{int:minerva-page-actions-overflow}}&quot; menu in the toolbar. This was previously only available to editors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|Advanced mobile contributions]] setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387180]
* Interface administrators can now help to remove the deprecated Cite CSS code matching &quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw-ref&lt;/code&gt;&quot; from their local &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. The list of wikis in need of cleanup, and the code to remove, [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-ref%5B%5E-a-z%5D&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=8&amp;title=.*css can be found with this global search] and in [https://ace.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&amp;oldid=145662#L-139--L-144 this example], and you can learn more about how to help on the [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|CSS migration project page]]. The Cite footnote markers (&quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/code&gt;&quot;) are now rendered by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]], and the deprecated CSS is no longer needed. The CSS for backlinks (&quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw:referencedBy&lt;/code&gt;&quot;) should remain in place for now. This cleanup is expected to cause no visible changes for readers. Please help to remove this code before March 20, after which the development team will do it for you.
* When editors embed a file (e.g. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[File:MediaWiki.png]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) on a page that is protected with cascading protection, the software will no longer restrict edits to the file description page, only to new file uploads.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24521] In contrast, transcluding a file description page (e.g. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{:File:MediaWiki.png}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) will now restrict edits to the page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62109]
* When editors revert a file to an earlier version it will now require the same permissions as ordinarily uploading a new version of the file. The software now checks for 'reupload' or 'reupload-own' rights,[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304474] and respects cascading protection.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140010]
* When administrators are listing pages for deletion with the Nuke tool, they can now also list associated talk pages and redirects for deletion, alongside pages created by the target, rather than needing to manually delete these pages afterwards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T95797]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|previously noted]] update to Single User Login, which will accommodate browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies by moving login and account creation to a central domain, will now roll out to all users during March and April. The team plans to enable it for all new account creation on [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Tuesday|Group0]] wikis this week. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and an updated timeline.
* Since last week there has been a bug that shows some interface icons as black squares until the page has fully loaded. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387351]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q2044560|Sylheti]] ([[w:syl:|&lt;code&gt;w:syl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386441]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed with loading images in very old versions of the Firefox browser on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386400]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:30, 4 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors who use password managers at multiple wikis may notice changes in the future. The way that our wikis provide information to password managers about reusing passwords across domains has recently been updated, so some password managers might now offer you login credentials that you saved for a different Wikimedia site. Some password managers already did this, and are now doing it for more Wikimedia domains. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3 project]] which aims to improve how our unified login works, and to keep it compatible with ongoing changes to the web-browsers we use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385520][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384844]
* The Wikipedia Apps Team is inviting interested users to help improve Wikipedia’s offline and limited internet use. After discussions in [[m:Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]] and the last [[m:Special:MyLanguage/ESEAP Hub/Meetings|ESEAP call]], key challenges like search, editing, and offline access are being explored, with upcoming focus groups to dive deeper into these topics. All languages are welcome, and interpretation will be available. Want to share your thoughts? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Improving Wikipedia Mobile Apps for Offline &amp; Limited Internet Use|Join the discussion]] or email &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;aramadan@wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt;!
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 19. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/33|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the launch of the Community Updates module, the most recent changes in Community Configuration, and the upcoming test of in-article suggestions for first-time editors.
* An old API that was previously used in the Android Wikipedia app is being removed at the end of March. There are no current software uses, but users of the app with a version that is older than 6 months by the time of removal (2025-03-31), will no longer have access to the Suggested Edits feature, until they update their app. You can [[diffblog:2025/02/24/sunset-of-wikimedia-recommendation-api/|read more details about this change]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:09, 10 March 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28372257 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Twice a year, around the equinoxes, the Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team performs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|a datacenter server switchover]], redirecting all traffic from one primary server to its backup. This provides reliability in case of a crisis, as we can always fall back on the other datacenter. [http://listen.hatnote.com/ Thanks to the Listen to Wikipedia] tool, you can hear the switchover take place: Before it begins, you'll hear the steady stream of edits; Then, as the system enters a brief read-only phase, the sound stops for a couple of minutes, before resuming after the switchover. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. If you want to keep an ear out for the next server switchover, listen to the wikis on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 March 19 at 14:00 UTC].

'''Updates for editors'''

* The [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es improved Content Translation tool dashboard] is now available in [[phab:T387820|10 Wikipedias]] and will be available for all Wikipedias [[phab:T387821|soon]]. With [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|the unified dashboard]], desktop users can now: Translate new sections of an article; Discover and access topic-based [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=ig&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits article suggestion filters] (initially available only for mobile device users); Discover and access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists|Community-defined lists]] filter, also known as &quot;Collections&quot;, from wiki-projects and campaigns.
* On Wikimedia Commons, a [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements#Improve category selection|new system to select the appropriate file categories]] has been introduced: if a category has one or more subcategories, users will be able to click on an arrow that will open the subcategories directly within the form, and choose the correct one. The parent category name will always be shown on top, and it will always be possible to come back to it. This should decrease the amount of work for volunteers in fixing/creating new categories. The change is also available on mobile. These changes are part of planned improvements to the UploadWizard.
* The Community Tech team is seeking wikis to join a pilot for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] feature and a refreshed Special:Block page in late March. Multiblocks enables administrators to impose multiple different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. If you are an admin or steward and would like us to discuss joining the pilot with your community, please leave a message on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|project talk page]].
* Starting March 25, the Editing team will test a new feature for Edit Check at [[phab:T384372|12 Wikipedias]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi-check|Multi-Check]]. Half of the newcomers on these wikis will see all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Checks]] during their edit session, while the other half will continue seeing only one. The goal of this test is to see if users are confused or discouraged when shown multiple Reference Checks (when relevant) within a single editing session. At these wikis, the tags used on edits that show References Check will be simplified, as multiple tags could be shown within a single edit. Changes to the tags are documented [[phab:T373949|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379131]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], which is a service for notifying users that their temporary user-rights are about to expire, now supports using the localized name of the user-rights group in the message heading. Translators can see the [[m:Global reminder bot/Translation|listing of existing translations and documentation]] to check if their language needs updating or creation.
* The [[Special:GlobalPreferences|GlobalPreferences]] gender setting, which is used for how the software should refer to you in interface messages, now works as expected by overriding the local defaults. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386584]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:26}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:26|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Wikipedia App for Android had a bug fixed for when a user is browsing and searching in multiple languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379777]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Later this week, the way that Codex styles are loaded will be changing. There is a small risk that this may result in unstyled interface message boxes on certain pages. User generated content (e.g. templates) is not impacted. Gadgets may be impacted. If you see any issues [[phab:T388847|please report them]]. See the linked task for details, screenshots, and documentation on how to fix any affected gadgets.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:48, 17 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking your feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|drafts of the objectives and key results that will shape the Foundation's Product and Technology priorities]] for the next fiscal year (starting in July). The objectives are broad high-level areas, and the key-results are measurable ways to track the success of their objectives. Please share your feedback on the talkpage, in any language, ideally before the end of April.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] will be released to multiple wikis (see [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|deployment plan]] for details) in April 2025, and the team has begun the process of engaging communities on the identified wikis. The extension provides tools to organize, manage, and promote collaborative activities (like events, edit-a-thons, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. The extension has three tools: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation Lists]]. It is currently on 13 Wikipedias, including English Wikipedia, French Wikipedia, and Spanish Wikipedia, as well as Wikidata. Questions or requests can be directed to the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:CampaignEvents|extension talk page]] or in Phabricator (with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;#campaigns-product-team&lt;/bdi&gt; tag).
* Starting the week of March 31st, wikis will be able to set which user groups can view private registrants in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], as part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension. By default, event organizers and the local wiki admins will be able to see private registrants. This is a change from the current behavior, in which only event organizers can see private registrants. Wikis can change the default setup by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requesting a configuration change]] in Phabricator (and adding the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;#campaigns-product-team&lt;/bdi&gt; tag). Participants of past events can cancel their registration at any time.
* Administrators at wikis that have a customized &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Sidebar]]&lt;/bdi&gt; should check that it contains an entry for the {{int:specialpages}} listing. If it does not, they should add it using &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;* specialpages-url|specialpages&lt;/code&gt;. Wikis with a default sidebar will see the link moved from the page toolbox into the sidebar menu in April. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388927]
* The Minerva skin (mobile web) combines both Notice and Alert notifications within the bell icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon bell.svg|16px|link=|class=skin-invert]]). There was a long-standing bug where an indication for new notifications was only shown if you had unseen Alerts. This bug is now fixed. In the future, Minerva users will notice a counter atop the bell icon when you have 1 or more unseen Notices and/or Alerts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344029]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* VisualEditor has introduced a [[mw:VisualEditor/Hooks|new client-side hook]] for developers to use when integrating with the VisualEditor target lifecycle. This hook should replace the existing lifecycle-related hooks, and be more consistent between different platforms. In addition, the new hook will apply to uses of VisualEditor outside of just full article editing, allowing gadgets to interact with the editor in DiscussionTools as well. The Editing Team intends to deprecate and eventually remove the old lifecycle hooks, so any use cases that this new hook does not cover would be of interest to them and can be [[phab:T355555|shared in the task]].
* Developers who use the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Api&lt;/code&gt; JavaScript library, can now identify the tool using it with the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;userAgent&lt;/code&gt; parameter: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;var api = new mw.Api( { userAgent: 'GadgetNameHere/1.0.1' } );&lt;/code&gt;. If you maintain a gadget or user script, please set a user agent, because it helps with library and server maintenance and with differentiating between legitimate and illegitimate traffic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373874][https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Wikimedia_Foundation_User-Agent_Policy]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 24 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Editing team is working on a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Check|Edit check]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#26 March 2025|Peacock check]]. This check's goal is to identify non-neutral terms while a user is editing a wikipage, so that they can be informed that their edit should perhaps be changed before they publish it. This project is at the early stages, and the team is looking for communities' input: [[phab:T389445|in this Phabricator task]], they are gathering on-wiki policies, templates used to tag non-neutral articles, and the terms (jargon and keywords) used in edit summaries for the languages they are currently researching. You can participate by editing the table on Phabricator, commenting on the task, or directly messaging [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|Single User Login]] has now been updated on all wikis to move login and account creation to a central domain. This makes user login compatible with browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies, which have prevented users of some browsers from staying logged in.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting on March 31st, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin a limited release of generated OpenAPI specs and a SwaggerUI-based sandbox experience for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST APIs]]. They invite developers from a limited group of non-English Wikipedia communities (Arabic, German, French, Hebrew, Interlingua, Dutch, Chinese) to review the documentation and experiment with the sandbox in their preferred language. In addition to these specific Wikipedia projects, the sandbox and OpenAPI spec will be available on the [[testwiki:Special:RestSandbox|on the test wiki REST Sandbox special page]] for developers with English as their preferred language. During the preview period, the MediaWiki Interfaces Team also invites developers to [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|share feedback about your experience]]. The preview will last for approximately 2 weeks, after which the sandbox and OpenAPI specs will be made available across all wiki projects.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.23|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Sometimes a small, [[gerrit:c/operations/cookbooks/+/1129184|one line code change]] can have great significance: in this case, it means that for the first time in years we're able to run all of the stack serving &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[http://maps.wikimedia.org/ maps.wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; - a host dedicated to serving our wikis and their multi-lingual maps needs - from a single core datacenter, something we test every time we perform a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter switchover]]. This is important because it means that in case one of our datacenters is affected by a catastrophe, we'll still be able to serve the site. This change is the result of [[phab:T216826|extensive work]] by two developers on porting the last component of the maps stack over to [[w:en:Kubernetes|kubernetes]], where we can allocate resources more efficiently than before, thus we're able to withstand more traffic in a single datacenter. This work involved a lot of complicated steps because this software, and the software libraries it uses, required many long overdue upgrades. This type of work makes the Wikimedia infrastructure more sustainable.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025]] is happening in Sandusky, USA, and online, from 14–16 May 2025. The workshop will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. Registration and presentation signup is now available at the workshop's website.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 1 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* From now on, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface admins]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Central notice administrators|centralnotice admins]] are technically required to enable [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] before they can use their privileges. In the future this might be expanded to more groups with advanced user-rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150898]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The Design System Team is preparing to release the next major version of Codex (v2.0.0) on April 29. Editors and developers who use CSS from Codex should see the [[mw:Codex/Release Timeline/2.0|2.0 overview documentation]], which includes guidance related to a few of the breaking changes such as &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;font-size&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;line-height&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;size-icon&lt;/code&gt;.
* The results of the [[mw:Developer Satisfaction Survey/2025|Developer Satisfaction Survey (2025)]]  are now available. Thank you to all participants. These results help the Foundation decide what to work on next and to review what they recently worked on.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]] will take place in Istanbul, Turkey, between 2–4 May. Registration for attending the in-person event will close on 13 April. Before registering, please note the potential need for a [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkish-representations.en.mfa visa] or [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-information-for-foreigners.en.mfa e-visa] to enter the country.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 7 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Later this week, the default thumbnail size will be increased from 220px to 250px. This changes how pages are shown in all wikis and has been requested by some communities for many years, but wasn't previously possible due to technical limitations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914]
* File thumbnails are now stored in discrete sizes. If a page specifies a thumbnail size that's not among the standard sizes (20, 40, 60, 120, 250, 330, 500, 960), then MediaWiki will pick the closest larger thumbnail size but will tell the browser to downscale it to the requested size. In these cases, nothing will change visually but users might load slightly larger images. If it doesn't matter which thumbnail size is used in a page, please pick one of the standard sizes to avoid the extra in-browser down-scaling step. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Thumbnail_sizes][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation are working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]] which will enable [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[:w:en:Denial-of-service attack|Distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is so that they can more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for.
* To improve security for users, a small percentage of logins will now require that the account owner input a one-time password [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:EmailAuth|emailed to their account]]. It is recommended that you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|check]] that the email address on your account is set correctly, and that it has been confirmed, and that you have an email set for this purpose. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390662]
* &quot;Are you interested in taking a short survey to improve tools used for reviewing or reverting edits on your Wiki?&quot; This question will be [[phab:T389401|asked at 7 wikis starting next week]], on Recent Changes and Watchlist pages. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools team]] wants to know more about activities that involve looking at new edits made to your Wikimedia project, and determining whether they adhere to your project's policies.
* On April 15, the full Wikidata graph will no longer be supported on &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;. After this date, scholarly articles will be available through &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/ query-scholarly.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, while the rest of the data hosted on Wikidata will be available through the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; endpoint. This is part of the scheduled split of the Wikidata Graph, which was [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|announced in September 2024]]. More information is [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|available on Wikidata]].
* The latest quarterly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter/First quarter of 2025|Wikimedia Apps Newsletter]] is now available. It covers updates, experiments, and improvements made to the Wikipedia mobile apps.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2025/April|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: an invitation for tool maintainers to attend the Toolforge UI Community Feedback Session on April 15th; recent community metrics; and recent technical blog posts.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.25|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:24, 15 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] is now integrated with [[w:dag:Solɔɣu|Dagbani Wikipedia]] since April 15. It is the first project that will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in articles. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2025-04-16]
* A new type of lint error has been created: [[Special:LintErrors/empty-heading|{{int:linter-category-empty-heading}}]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Lint errors/empty-heading|documentation]]). The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter extension]]'s purpose is to identify wikitext patterns that must or can be fixed in pages and provide some guidance about what the problems are with those patterns and how to fix them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368722]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Following its publication on HuggingFace, the &quot;Structured Contents&quot; dataset, developed by Wikimedia Enterprise, is [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/kaggle-dataset/ now also available on Kaggle]. This Beta initiative is focused on making Wikimedia data more machine-readable for high-volume reusers. They are releasing this beta version in a location that open dataset communities already use, in order to seek feedback, to help improve the product for a future wider release. You can read more about the overall [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/#open-datasets Structured Contents project], and about the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-wikipedia-infobox/ first release that's freely usable].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The Editing and Machine Learning Teams invite interested volunteers to a video meeting to discuss [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]], which is the latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] that will detect &quot;peacock&quot; or &quot;overly-promotional&quot; or &quot;non-neutral&quot; language whilst an editor is typing. Editors who work with newcomers, or help to fix this kind of writing, or are interested in how we use artificial intelligence in our projects are encouraged to attend. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team/Community Conversations#Next Conversation|meeting will be on April 28, 2025]] at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745863200 18:00–19:00 UTC] and hosted on Zoom.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:00, 21 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Event organizers who host collaborative activities on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|multiple wikis]], including Bengali, Japanese, and Korean Wikipedias, will have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] this week. Also, admins in the Wikipedia where the extension is enabled will automatically be granted the event organizer right soon. They won't have to manually grant themselves the right before they can manage events as [[phab:T386861|requested by a community]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The release of the next major version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, is scheduled for 29 April 2025. Technical editors will have access to the release by the week of 5 May 2025. This update will include a number of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Breaking_changes|breaking changes]] and minor [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Visual_changes|visual changes]]. Instructions on handling the breaking and visual changes are documented on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release Timeline/2.0#|this page]]. Pre-release testing is reported in [[phab:T386298|T386298]], with post-release issues tracked in [[phab:T392379|T392379]] and [[phab:T392390|T392390]].
* Users of [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Wiki_Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will notice that the database views of &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks_ipindex&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks_compat&lt;/code&gt; are [[phab:T390767|now deprecated]]. Users can query the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_table|block]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_target_table|block_target]]&lt;/code&gt; new views that mirror the new tables in the production database instead. The deprecated views will be removed entirely from Wiki Replicas in June, 2025.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.27|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes an overview of the improved [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation Dashboard Tool], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Language Support for New and Existing Languages|support for new languages]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Wiki Loves Ramadan Articles Made In Content Translation Mobile Workflow|highlights from the Wiki Loves Ramadan campaign]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Languages Onboarding Experiment 2024 - Executive Summary|results from the Language Onboarding Experiment]], an analysis of topic diversity in articles, and information on upcoming community meetings and events.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|Let's Connect Learning Clinic]] will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745937000 April 29 at 14:30 UTC]. This edition will focus on &quot;Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects&quot;. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Learning Clinic %E2%80%93 Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects (Part_1)|register now]] to attend.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which brings the global technical community together to connect, brainstorm, and hack existing projects, will take place from May 2 to 4th, 2025, at Istanbul, Turkey.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 28 April 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28585685 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared the latest draft update to their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|annual plan]] for next year (July 2025–June 2026). This includes an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|executive summary]] (also on [[diffblog:2025/04/25/sharing-the-wikimedia-foundations-2025-2026-draft-annual-plan/|Diff]]), details about the three main [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals|goals]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Global Trends|global trends]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Budget Overview|budget]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Financial Model|financial model]]. Feedback and questions are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|talk page]] until the end of May.

'''Updates for editors'''
* For wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]], two new feature improvements have been released:
** Admins can now choose which namespaces are permitted for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Permitted namespaces|documentation]]). The default setup is for event registration to be permitted in the Event namespace, but other namespaces (such as the project namespace or WikiProject namespace) can now be added. With this change, communities like WikiProjects can now more easily use Event Registration for their collaborative activities.
** Editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Transclusion|transclude]] the Collaboration List on a wiki page ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Collaboration list/Transclusion|documentation]]). The Collaboration List is an automated list of events and WikiProjects on the wikis, accessed via {{#special:AllEvents}} ([[w:en:Special:AllEvents|example]]). Now, the Collaboration List can be added to all sorts of wiki pages, such as: a wiki mainpage, a WikiProject page, an affiliate page, an event page, or even a user page.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers who use the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;moment&lt;/code&gt; library in gadgets and user scripts should revise their code to use alternatives like the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;Intl&lt;/code&gt; library or the new &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mediawiki.DateFormatter&lt;/code&gt; library. The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;moment&lt;/code&gt; library has been deprecated and will begin to log messages in the developer console. You can see a global search for current uses, and [[phab:T392532|ask related questions in this Phabricator task]].
* Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikidata term store tables (&lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;wbt_*&lt;/code&gt;) need to update their code to connect to a separate database cluster. These tables are being split into a separate database cluster. Tools that query those tables via the wiki replicas must be adapted to connect to the new cluster instead. [[wikitech:News/2025 Wikidata term store database split|Documentation and related links are available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390954]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.28|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on preparing to expand the deployment to additional wikis as soon as this week (starting May 6) and scaling up over the following weeks, plus exploring filtering and transforming source data.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:14, 6 May 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28665011 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|&quot;Get shortened URL&quot;]] link on the sidebar now includes a [[phab:T393309|QR code]]. Wikimedia site users can now use it by scanning or downloading it to quickly share and access shared content from Wikimedia sites, conveniently.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]], which will enable [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[w:en:Denial-of-service attack|distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is to help more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. Tech News has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|previously written about this]]. The deployment will be gradual. Some might see the Edge Uniques cookie the week of 19 May. You can discuss this on the [[m:Talk:Edge Uniques|talk page]].
* Starting May 19, 2025, Event organisers in wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled can use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] in the project namespace (e.g., Wikipedia namespace, Wikidata namespace). With this change, communities don't need admins to use the feature. However, wikis that don't want this change can remove and add the permitted namespaces at [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/CampaignEvents]].
* The Wikipedia project now has a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q36720|Nupe]] ([[w:nup:|&lt;code&gt;w:nup:&lt;/code&gt;]]). This is a language primarily spoken in the North Central region of Nigeria. Speakers of this language are invited to contribute to [[w:nup:Tatacin feregi|new Wikipedia]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers can now access pre-parsed Dutch Wikipedia, amongst others (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese) through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/snapshot/#structured-contents-snapshot-bundle-info-beta Structured Contents snapshots (beta)]. The content includes parsed Wikipedia abstracts, descriptions, main images, infoboxes, article sections, and references.
* The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;/page/data-parsoid&lt;/code&gt; REST API endpoint is no longer in use and will be deprecated. It is [[phab:T393557|scheduled to be turned off]] on June 7, 2025.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.1|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/2025_Cloud_VPS_VXLAN_IPv6_migration IPv6 support] is a newly introduced Cloud virtual network that significantly boosts Wikimedia platforms' scalability, security, and readiness for the future. If you are a technical contributor eager to learn more, check out [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/05/06/wikimedia-cloud-vps-ipv6-support/ this blog post] for an in-depth look at the journey to IPv6.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The 2nd edition of 2025 of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]], a virtual platform for African Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747328400 May 15 at 17:00 UTC]. This edition will focus on discussions regarding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|Wikimedia Annual planning and progress]].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MENA Connect Community Call|MENA Connect Community Call]], a virtual meeting for [[w:en:Middle East and North Africa|MENA]] Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747501200 May 17 at 17:00 UTC]. You can [[m:Event:MENA Connect (Wiki_Diwan) APP Call|register now]] to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:37, 12 May 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28714188 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Peacock language model for the following languages: Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and Japanese. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check/model test|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on May 23, which will be the start date of the test.

'''Updates for editors'''

* From May 20, 2025, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|oversighters]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:CheckUsers|checkusers]] will need to have their accounts secured with two-factor authentication (2FA) to be able to use their advanced rights. All users who belong to these two groups and do not have 2FA enabled have been informed. In the future, this requirement may be extended to other users with advanced rights. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]]  [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] will begin mass deployment by the end of the month: all non-Wikipedia projects plus Catalan Wikipedia will adopt Multiblocks in the week of May 26, while all other Wikipedias will adopt it in the week of June 2. Please [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|contact the team]] if you have concerns. Administrators can test the new user interface now on your own wiki by browsing to [{{fullurl:Special:Block|usecodex=1}} {{#special:Block}}?usecodex=1], and can test the full multiblocks functionality [[testwiki:Special:Block|on testwiki]]. Multiblocks is the feature that makes it possible for administrators to impose different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|help page]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121]
* Later this week, the [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] listing of almost all special pages will be updated with a new design. This page has been [[phab:T219543|redesigned]] to improve the user experience in a few ways, including: The ability to search for names and aliases of the special pages, sorting, more visible marking of restricted special pages, and a more mobile-friendly look. The new version can be [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages previewed] at Beta Cluster now, and feedback shared in the task. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219543]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is being enabled on more wikis. For a detailed list of when the extension will be enabled on your wiki, please read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|deployment timeline]].
* [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] will be deployed on May 27 on five Wiktionaries: [[wikt:ha:|Hausa]], [[wikt:ig:|Igbo]], [[wikt:bn:|Bengali]], [[wikt:ml:|Malayalam]], and [[wikt:dv:|Dhivehi/Maldivian]]. This is the second batch of deployment planned for the project. After deployment, the projects will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in their pages. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template.
* Later this week, the Wikimedia Foundation will publish a hub for [[diffblog:2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/|experiments]]. This is to showcase and get user feedback on product experiments. The experiments help the Wikimedia movement [[diffblog:2023/07/13/exploring-paths-for-the-future-of-free-knowledge-new-wikipedia-chatgpt-plugin-leveraging-rich-media-social-apps-and-other-experiments/|understand new users]], how they interact with the internet and how it could affect the Wikimedia movement. Some examples are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Generated Video|generated video]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Roblox game|Wikipedia Roblox speedrun game]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Discord bot|the Discord bot]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with creating an account using the API, which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390751]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Gadgets and user scripts that interact with [[{{#special:Block}}]] may need to be updated to work with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|manage blocks interface]]. Please review the [[mw:Help:Manage blocks/Developers|developer guide]] for more information. If you need help or are unable to adapt your script to the new interface, please let the team know on the [[mw:Help talk:Manage blocks/Developers|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121]
* The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.title&lt;/code&gt; object allows you to get information about a specific wiki page in the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Lua|Lua]] programming language. Starting this week, a new property will be added to the object, named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;isDisambiguationPage&lt;/code&gt;. This property allows you to check if a page is a disambiguation page, without the need to write a custom function. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71441]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] User script developers can use a [[toolforge:gitlab-content|new reverse proxy tool]] to load javascript and css from [[gitlab:|gitlab.wikimedia.org]] with &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.loader.load&lt;/code&gt;. The tool's author hopes this will enable collaborative development workflows for user scripts including linting, unit tests, code generation, and code review on &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;gitlab.wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt; without a separate copy-and-paste step to publish scripts to a Wikimedia wiki for integration and acceptance testing. See [[wikitech:Tool:Gitlab-content|Tool:Gitlab-content on Wikitech]] for more information.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.2|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The 12th edition of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Workshop 2025|Wiki Workshop 2025]], a forum that brings together researchers that explore all aspects of Wikimedia projects, will be held virtually on 21-22 May. Researchers can [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/wikiworkshop2025/ register now].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:12, 19 May 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28724712 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* A community-wide discussion about a very delicate issue for the development of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]] is now open on Meta: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. The discussion is open until June 12 at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]], and every opinion is welcomed. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Since last week, on all wikis except [[phab:T388604|the largest 20]], people using the mobile visual editor will have [[phab:T385851|additional tools in the menu bar]], accessed using the new &lt;code&gt;+&lt;/code&gt; toolbar button. To start, the new menu will include options to add: citations, hieroglyphs, and code blocks. Deployment to the remaining wikis is [[phab:T388605|scheduled]] to happen in June.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist]]&lt;/code&gt; parser function will no longer register a link to its target page. This will improve the usefulness of [[{{#special:WantedPages}}]], which will eventually only list pages that are the target of an actual red link. This change will happen gradually as the source pages are updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14019]
* This week, the Moderator Tools team will launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], starting at Indonesian Wikipedia. This new filter highlights edits that are likely to be reverted. The goal is to help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic edits. Other wikis will benefit from this filter in the future.
* Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. Readers of Catalan, Hebrew, and Italian Wikipedias and some sister projects will receive the change between May 21 and mid-June. Readers of other wikis will receive the change later. The goal is to encourage users to read the wikis more. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]].
* Some users of the Wikipedia Android app can use a new feature for readers, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|WikiGames]], a daily trivia game based on real historical events. The release has started as an A/B test, available to 50% of users in the following languages: English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Newsletter|Newsletter extension]] that is available on MediaWiki.org allows the creation of [[mw:Special:Newsletters|various newsletters]] for global users. The extension can now publish new issues as section links on an existing page, instead of requiring a new page for each issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393844]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
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&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:04, 26 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Editors can use this new extension to create interactive data visualizations like bar, line, area, and pie charts. Charts are designed to replace many of the uses of the legacy [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* It is now easier to configure automatic citations for your wiki within the visual editor's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]]. Administrators can now set a default template by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;_default&lt;/code&gt; key in the local &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json]]&lt;/bdi&gt; page ([[mw:Special:Diff/6969653/7646386|example diff]]). Setting this default will also help to future-proof your existing configurations when [[phab:T347823|new item types]] are added in the future. You can still set templates for individual item types as they will be preferred to the default template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384709]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

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* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.4|MediaWiki]]

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&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:55, 2 June 2025 (UTC)
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      <sha1>cqhdpfrqhatcyye07qmi2n9udcfbxjp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Linux server administration/Performance and Troubleshooting</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>256257</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717882</id>
      <parentid>2102828</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T07:51:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sai.net</comment>
      <origin>2717882</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1078" sha1="n7sxznddiwcvuhcpq0537lnsiirga3h" xml:space="preserve">* Performance tools: 
*** [[learning and memory|memory]]: [[vmstat]], free, [[linux server administration/sar|sar -r]]
** Disk tools:  &lt;code&gt;iostat&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/iotop|iotop]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[hdparm]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/sar/sar -d|sar -d]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[ionice]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[hdparm]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dd&lt;/code&gt;
** [[Network Administration|Network]]: [[ntop]], nmap, [[computer Networks/Ping|ping]], [[computer Networks/Ping/Sweep/fping|fping]], ncat, [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
**** [[Linux kernel|Kernel]]: [[perf]], strace, [[ftrace]], [[Dtrace]]
** [[cgroups]] and [[devOps/Docker|docker]]: systemd-cgtop&lt;ref&gt;https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-cgtop.html&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[docker stats]]&lt;/code&gt;
* Troubleshooting tools: &lt;code&gt;cfg2html&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[devOps/Ansible|ansible-cmdb]]&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;[[sysreport]]&lt;/code&gt;, [[sosreport]] and &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/acct|acct]]&lt;/code&gt;

sai.net@a.sai.com


== See also ==
* [[Benchmarking tools]]
* [[monitoring]]

{{CourseCat}}</text>
      <sha1>n7sxznddiwcvuhcpq0537lnsiirga3h</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717883</id>
      <parentid>2717882</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T07:52:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sai.net</comment>
      <origin>2717883</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1100" sha1="cgzmzolqk7xjmgsqke1n351g1tx278z" xml:space="preserve">* Performance tools: 
*** [[learning and memory|memory]]: [[vmstat]], free, [[linux server administration/sar|sar -r]]
** Disk tools:  &lt;code&gt;iostat&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/iotop|iotop]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[hdparm]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/sar/sar -d|sar -d]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[ionice]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[hdparm]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dd&lt;/code&gt;
** [[Network Administration|Network]]: [[ntop]], nmap, [[computer Networks/Ping|ping]], [[computer Networks/Ping/Sweep/fping|fping]], ncat, [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
**** [[Linux kernel|Kernel]]: [[perf]], strace, [[ftrace]], [[Dtrace]]
** [[cgroups]] and [[devOps/Docker|docker]]: systemd-cgtop&lt;ref&gt;https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-cgtop.html&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[docker stats]]&lt;/code&gt;
* Troubleshooting tools: &lt;code&gt;cfg2html&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[devOps/Ansible|ansible-cmdb]]&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;[[sysreport]]&lt;/code&gt;, [[sosreport]] and &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/acct|acct]]&lt;/code&gt;

sai.net@a.sai.com


== See also ==
* [[Benchmarking tools]]
* [[monitoring]]

{{CourseCat}}
&lt;references /&gt;Sai.net</text>
      <sha1>cgzmzolqk7xjmgsqke1n351g1tx278z</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717888</id>
      <parentid>2717883</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:17:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>2888076</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370|2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370]] ([[User_talk:2001:44C8:4500:BA34:A5FE:3E6A:6941:F370|talk]]) to last version by [[User:MaintenanceBot|MaintenanceBot]] using [[Wikiversity:Rollback|rollback]]</comment>
      <origin>2102828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1060" sha1="cfha3yu59po1j1e007dhg0ygv1bef5y" xml:space="preserve">* Performance tools: 
*** [[learning and memory|memory]]: [[vmstat]], free, [[linux server administration/sar|sar -r]]
** Disk tools:  &lt;code&gt;iostat&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/iotop|iotop]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[hdparm]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/sar/sar -d|sar -d]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[ionice]]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[hdparm]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;dd&lt;/code&gt;
** [[Network Administration|Network]]: [[ntop]], nmap, [[computer Networks/Ping|ping]], [[computer Networks/Ping/Sweep/fping|fping]], ncat, [[mtr]], [[traceroute]], [[tracepath]]
**** [[Linux kernel|Kernel]]: [[perf]], strace, [[ftrace]], [[Dtrace]]
** [[cgroups]] and [[devOps/Docker|docker]]: systemd-cgtop&lt;ref&gt;https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-cgtop.html&lt;/ref&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[docker stats]]&lt;/code&gt;
* Troubleshooting tools: &lt;code&gt;cfg2html&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;[[devOps/Ansible|ansible-cmdb]]&lt;/code&gt; , &lt;code&gt;[[sysreport]]&lt;/code&gt;, [[sosreport]] and &lt;code&gt;[[linux server administration/acct|acct]]&lt;/code&gt;


== See also ==
* [[Benchmarking tools]]
* [[monitoring]]

{{CourseCat}}</text>
      <sha1>cfha3yu59po1j1e007dhg0ygv1bef5y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Relativity (Planck)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>266606</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717847</id>
      <parentid>2715460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T00:28:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Platos Cave (physics)</username>
        <id>2562653</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>2717847</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19669" sha1="1pl053k6kba23ktd4yw3xyjmkwhsee0" xml:space="preserve">'''Relativity as the mathematics of perspective at the Planck scale'''


It is proposed that the universe is a 4-axis incrementally expanding (in Planck time units) hypersphere universe (the bulk geometry), where the observable 3D universe exists on the surface. The fundamental premise is that particles exist on the 3D hypersphere surface and experience the physics described by ΛCDM cosmology, while the 4D bulk expansion follows Planck-scale geometric rules. The Planck universe can be considered as the scaffolding for the 3D (particle) ΛCDM universe, the method for addition of geometrical Planck units is discussed in the [[v:Electron_(mathematical) |mathematical electron]] model, the calculations for the Planck unit [[w:Cosmic_microwave_background |cosmic microwave background]] parameters are given in the [[v:Black-hole_(Planck) |Planck black hole]] section of the model.


==== Hypersphere ====
{{main|Black-hole (Planck)}}
It is argued&lt;ref&gt;Macleod, Malcolm J.; {{Cite journal |title= Programming cosmic microwave background parameters for Planck scale Simulation Hypothesis modeling |journal=RG |date=Feb 2011 |  doi=10.13140/RG.2.2.31308.16004/7}}&lt;/ref&gt; that a Planck unit 4-axis expanding hyper-sphere (black-hole) universe acts as the scaffolding for the observed 3-D particle universe. The hypersphere expands incrementally at a constant rate, each increment corresponds to (is the origin of) 1 unit of Planck time, the outward expansion measured in units of Planck length, thus the velocity of hypersphere expansion = l&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; / t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; = c, the speed of light. Consequently the speed of light is a defining limit. Furthermore this outward expansion gives the [[w:Arrow of time |arrow-of-time]].

As the hypersphere expands it pulls all particles with it (thus the observed universe remains on the hypersphere surface). All motion therefore derives from this expansion, and so in hyper-sphere co-ordinates all particles and objects travel at, and only at, the velocity of expansion = c. Relativity then becomes the mathematics of perspective, translating between the 2 co-ordinate systems; the (expanding at speed of light) 4-axis hypersphere and the (relative velocity) 3-D surface.


=== Wave-particle oscillation ===
{{see|Electron (mathematical)}}
It is argued that particles at the Planck scale are oscillations between an electric wave-state to (Planck) mass point-state, the wave-state as the duration of particle frequency in Planck time units and is the origin of the particle electric properties, the mass point-state as 1 unit of Planck mass (1m&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;) for a duration of 1 unit of Planck time. [[w:Wave-particle duality |Wave-particle duality]] at the Planck scale then becomes a wave-point oscillation, the particle does not exist at any 1 unit of (Planck) time, and so can more precisely be defined as an event (1 complete wave-point oscillation). 1 of the dimensions of the particle is therefore time, thus particle quantum states also therefore do not occur at the Planck scale but rather are also emergent properties (and so quantum state physics cannot be applied to the Planck scale) &lt;ref&gt;Macleod, M.J. {{Cite journal |title= Programming Planck units from a mathematical electron; a Simulation Hypothesis |journal=Eur. Phys. J. Plus |volume=113 |pages=278 |date=22 March 2018 | doi=10.1140/epjp/i2018-12094-x}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Notably at the mass state the particle has defined (point) co-ordinates within the universe hypersphere and thus can be mapped, conversely the wave-state is undefined.


=== Relativity translations ===
Assigning '''t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;''' as the incrementing clock-rate (note t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; has the units ''s'', t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; is dimensionless). Using the 'loop' as analogy;

  FOR t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; = 1 TO the_end                             
          generate 1 unit of Planck time 1t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;       
          expand hypersphere by 1 unit of Planck length 1l&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;           
          ........ 
  NEXT t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;                  

As each ''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; increment adds 1 unit of Planck time ''t''&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;, then in a 14 billion year old universe, numerically 
:''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; = ''t''&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; = 10&lt;sup&gt;62&lt;/sup&gt;


==== Radial motion ====
[[File:Planck-relativity-1.jpg|thumb|right|358px|A and B in hypersphere co-ordinates from origin O, (frequency 0A = 0B = 6)]]
We take 2 particles ''A'' (''v = 0'' in 3D space) and ''B'' (''v = 0.866c'' in 3D space). Both have a frequency = 6; 5t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; (5 increments to ''t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;'') in the wave-state followed by 1t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; (1 increment to ''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;) in the point-state (the point-state is represented by a black dot, diagram right). 

The hyper-sphere expands radially at the speed of light. Both particles begin at the same space-port; defined as origin ''O''. After 1 second, ''B'' will have traveled 299792458 * 0.866 = 259620km from ''A'' in 3-D space (the horizontal axis). However for both ''A'' and ''B'' the radial axis length is the same ''OA'' = ''OB''. 

As the surface of the hypersphere constitutes 3-D space, movement along this surface corresponds to distance travelled (in conventional terms). However as the hypersphere is expanding outward (time goes forward), the surface expands with it, and so the universe 4-axis co-ordinates would register as a space-time continuum. We would note that ''A'' has travelled 1 second in time but no distance in meters. ''B'' has travelled both in time and in space (259620km from stationary ''A''). 

In hypersphere co-ordinates, both ''A'' and ''B'' have travelled the same radial axis length; ''OA'' = ''OB''. There is only 1 velocity and that is the velocity of expansion; radial axis ''OA'' will always equal ''OB''. For 3D-surface-dwellers, there is a distinction between time and space because the 3D-surface-dweller has no means to register the hypersphere expansion as motion.

From the perspective of surface-dweller ''A'' (''v = 0''), ''B'' will have reached the point-state after 3 units of ''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; (3 units of Planck time t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;) and so will have twice the (relativistic) mass of ''A''. However the hypersphere expands radially from origin ''O'', and so ''A'' will also have traveled the equivalent of 299792458m from ''O'' (radial axis ''OA'' = ''OB'', ''v = c''), and so from the perspective of the hypersphere, ''B'' can equally claim that ''A'' has traveled 259620km from ''B'' in 3-D space terms. 

The time-line axis (axis of expansion) maps Planck time (1''t''&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;) steps, note that only the particle point-state has defined co-ordinates, and so on this graph ''A'' can only have 6 possible time-line divisions (if including ''v = 0''). As the minimum step is 1 unit of Planck time, this means that ''B'' can attain Planck mass (m&lt;sub&gt;B&lt;/sub&gt; = m&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;/1) when at maximum velocity v&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; (relative to the ''A'' time-line axis), but ''B'' can never attain the horizontal axis = velocity ''c'' because in the process at least 1 time step (1 unit of Planck time) is required, and so for particles v&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; can never attain ''c''. However a small particle such as an electron has more time-line divisions, and so can travel faster in 3-D space than can a larger particle (with a shorter wavelength).


==== Particle motion ====
[[File:Planck-relativity-2.jpg|thumb|right|512px|particle wave to point oscillations in hyper-sphere expansion co-ordinates]]

Depicted is particle ''B'' at some arbitrary universe time ''t = 1''. ''B'' begins at origin ''O'' (top left) and is pulled (stretched) by the hyper-sphere (pilot wave) expansion in the wave-state (top right). At ''t = 6'', ''B'' collapses back into the mass point state (bottom left) and now has new co-ordinates within the hypersphere, these co-ordinates becoming the new origin ''O’''.  

In hypersphere coordinates everything travels at, and only at, the speed of expansion = ''c'', this is the origin of all motion, particles (and planets) do not have any inherent motion of their own, they are pulled along by this expansion as particles oscillate from (electric) wave-state to (mass) point-state ... ad-infinitum.


==== Particle N-S axis ====

[[File:Planck-relativity-3.jpg|thumb|right|435px|particle N-S spin axis orientation mapped onto hyper-sphere]]

Particles are assigned an N-S spin axis around which particles can rotate (spin left and spin right). The co-ordinates of the point-state are determined by the orientation of the N-S axis. Of all the possible solutions, it is the particle N-S axis which determines where the point-state will next occur. 

''A'', ''B'' and ''C'' begin together at ''O'', if we can then change the N-S axis angle of ''A'' and ''C'' compared to ''B'', then as the universe expands the ''A'' wave-state and the ''C'' wave-state will be stretched as with the ''B'' wave-state, but the point state co-ordinates of ''A'' (and ''C'') will now reflect their new N-S axis angles of orientation. 

''A, B, C'' do not need to have an independent motion; they are being pulled by the universe expansion in different directions (relative to each other). We can thus simulate a transfer of physical momentum to a particle by simply changing the N-S axis. The radial hyper-sphere expansion does the rest.


[[File:planck-scale-relativity-f6.gif|thumb|right|480px|B's 2-D orbit along A time-line axis by realigning N-S axis (f=6)]]
In this example (diagram right), we continuously change the N-S axis of B (orange dot frequency ''f'' = 6) across all 11 options (''f'' = 6 == 6 possible time-line divisions) after each point state. 

A wave forms around the A (purple dot ''v'' = 0) time-line axis with a period &lt;math&gt;4 (4f^2-f)&lt;/math&gt; measured in time units;


==== Photons ====
[[File:Relativity-doppler-Planck-scale.jpg|thumb|right|480px|doppler shift measured along the expanding hypersphere time-line axis]]

Information between particles is exchanged by photons. Photons do not have a mass point-state, only a wave-state, and so have no means to travel the radial expansion axis, instead they travel laterally across the hyper-sphere (they are `time-stamped', a photon reaching us from the sun is 8 minutes old). 

The period required for particles to emit and to absorb photons is proportional to photon wavelength as illustrated in the diagram (right), &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; (''v'' = 0, left column) emits a photon (wavelength &lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt;) towards &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; (right column). The time taken (''h'') by &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; to absorb the photon depends on the motion of &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; relative to &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt;. The [[w:Doppler effect |Doppler shift]];  

:&lt;math&gt;v_{observed} = v_{source}.\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}{1-\frac{v}{c}} = v_{source}.\frac{h}{\lambda-z}&lt;/math&gt;

Photons cannot travel the radial expansion axis, and as the information between particles is exchanged via the electromagnetic spectrum, ''ABC'' will measure only the horizontal ''AB'', ''BC'' and ''AC'' (x-y-z) co-ordinates, thus defining for the 3 observers (''A'', ''B'' and ''C'') a relativistic 3-D space. Relativity formulas translate between the 4-axis hyper-sphere and the 3-D space co-ordinate systems.


==== Gravitational Orbits ====
[[File:4body-orbital-3x10x-gravitational-orbit.gif|thumb|right|480px|4 body orbit; (4 mass points, 6 orbitals)]]
{{main|Quantum gravity (Planck)}}
All particles simultaneously in the point-state at any unit of ''t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;'' form orbital pairs with each other &lt;ref&gt;Macleod, Malcolm J.; {{Cite journal |title= Programming gravity for Planck unit Simulation Hypothesis modeling |journal=RG |date=Feb 2011 | doi=10.13140/RG.2.2.11496.93445/13}}&lt;/ref&gt;. These orbital pairs then rotate by a specific angle depending on the radius of the orbital. These are then averaged giving new co-ordinates in the hypersphere. The observed [[w:orbits |gravitational orbits]] of planets are the sum of these individual orbital pairs averaged over time. 

Orbits, being also driven by the universe expansion, occur at the speed of light, however the orbit along the expansion time-line is not noted by the observer and so the orbital period is measured using 3D space co-ordinates. 


[[File:hypersphere-orbital-2.jpg|thumb|right|345px|B's orbit relative to A's time-line axis in time units ''t'']]
While ''B'' (satellite) has a circular orbit period t&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; on a 2-axis plane (horizontal axis as 3-D space) around ''A'' (planet), it also follows a cylindrical orbit (from &lt;math&gt;B'&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;B''&lt;/math&gt;) around the ''A'' time-line (vertical) axis in hyper-sphere co-ordinates. ''A'' is moving with the universe expansion (along the time-line axis) at (''v = c'') but is stationary in 3-D space (''v'' = 0). ''B'' is orbiting ''A'' at (''v = c'') but the time-line axis motion is equivalent (and so `invisible') to both ''A'' and ''B'', and so for an observer the orbital period and orbital velocity measure is limited to 3-D space co-ordinates. 


==== Hubble discrepancy====
{{main|Black-hole_(Planck)}}
The age of the Planck universe and the observed universe differ by 5%.

&lt;math&gt;t_{Planck}&lt;/math&gt; = 14.624 billion years

Age dilation:
:&lt;math&gt;t_{\Lambda DCM} = t_{Planck} \frac{v_t}{c}&lt;/math&gt; = 13.8 billion years


Hubble discrepancies (two different “frames”):
:&lt;math&gt;H_{obs} = H_{4D}\frac{v_t}{c}&lt;/math&gt;


ΛCDM parameters from velocity-squared ratios:
:&lt;math&gt;\sigma_{\Lambda} = (\frac{v_t}{c})^2 = (0.94365)^2&lt;/math&gt; = 0.8905 (Tangential expansion energy)
:&lt;math&gt;\sigma_{c} = (\frac{v_r}{c})^2 = (0.3309)^2&lt;/math&gt; = 0.1095 (Radial gravitational energy)
:&lt;math&gt;(\frac{v_t}{c})^2 + (\frac{v_r}{c})^2 = 1&lt;/math&gt;


=== AI analysis ===
AI was asked to read and analyze this hypersphere model. In particular, Claude wrote a readable 'textbook' on the subject. To access the links may require to log in to the AI program. The summaries are listed here.


:Grok &lt;ref&gt;https://x.com/i/grok/share/jiSFBh30LBFRn2q13nTBY880I Grok AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt;
Conclusion:
    The hypersphere model achieves a robust integration with General Relativity by:  
    Employing a metric that describes an expanding, curved universe consistent with GR’s cosmological solutions.  
    Satisfying Einstein’s field equation, linking the model’s geometry to a physically meaningful distribution of mass and energy.  
    Upholding the geodesic principle, ensuring that particle motion reflects spacetime curvature.
    This compatibility underscores the hypersphere model’s validity within established physics, while its emphasis on expansion as the driver of motion enriches GR with a novel viewpoint. By harmonizing with GR’s principles and offering a geometric framework that unifies space, time, and motion, the hypersphere model emerges as a compelling alternative perspective on the universe, paving the way for deeper exploration into the interplay of geometry, gravity, and cosmology.


:Chat &lt;ref&gt;https://chatgpt.com/share/67e78967-0e78-8012-a665-c97421e0bef6 Chat AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt;
Conclusion:
     A Single Fundamental Mechanism:
     Unlike standard approaches that introduce separate postulates for inertia, force, and gravitation, the expanding hypersphere model explains these phenomena as emergent properties of a single underlying process—the expansion of the hypersphere and the consequent reorientation of particle axes.
    Bridging Microscopic and Macroscopic Dynamics:
    The oscillatory behavior of particles (from the wave–point duality) is seamlessly integrated with the macroscopic expansion of space. This connection offers a potential pathway toward unifying quantum dynamics with cosmological evolution.
    Compatibility with Established Theories:
    Through detailed mathematical derivations, we have shown that the model is fully compatible with the local Lorentz invariance of special relativity and can be integrated into the curved space–time framework of general relativity. This ensures that all experimentally verified relativistic effects are preserved while providing a deeper, more fundamental explanation for their origin.


:Deepseek pdf &lt;ref&gt;https://codingthecosmos.com/ai/deepseek-hypersphere.pdf Deepseek AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt;
Alignment with Established Theories
 Special Relativity (SR):
 Derives Lorentz transformations, time dilation, and from hyperspherical rotations and projections.
 Upholds local Lorentz invariance by masking global expansion effects at small scales.
 General Relativity (GR):
 Reproduces Einstein’s field equations via hypersphere curvature linked to stress-energy.
 Matches FLRW cosmology, reinterpreting dark energy () as intrinsic curvature.
 Resolves singularities (e.g., black holes) through Planck-scale discreteness, avoiding infinite densities.
 Quantum Mechanics:
 Wave-particle duality emerges from oscillations between hyper-spherical wave-states and point-like mass-states.
 Key Innovations and Simplifications
 Geometric Unification: Motion, gravity, and quantum phenomena stem from hypersphere dynamics, reducing physics to geometry.
 Momentum Redefined: Particle trajectories arise from N-S axis reorientation, replacing Newtonian forces with geometric &quot;pulling.&quot;
 Cosmological Insights: Hubble expansion () and dark energy are natural outcomes of hyperspherical curvature.


:Claude pdf &lt;ref&gt;https://codingthecosmos.com/ai/claude-hypersphere.pdf Claude AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt; (textbook format)
Current cosmological models face challenges explaining dark energy, dark matter, and the universe's
large-scale structure:
 ΛCDM Cosmology 
 Dark energy as mysterious repulsive force  
 Dark matter inferred from galactic rotation curves  
 Inflation as a separate early universe phase  
 Cosmological constant problem  
 Horizon problem requiring special mechanisms  
 
 Expanding Hypersphere Model
 Expansion as fundamental property of the hypersphere
 Modified motion from higher-dimensional dynamics
 Inflation incorporated in hypersphere expansion dynamics
 Connection between particle physics and cosmology scales
 Natural communication through higher dimensions

 The model potentially resolves longstanding cosmological puzzles by linking the smallest quantum scales directly to the largest cosmological scales through the hypersphere expansion mechanism. The Friedmann equation: can be reinterpreted in the hypersphere model as describing the evolution of the hypersphere radius $R(t)$, with the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ emerging naturally from the fundamental expansion process rather than requiring a separate dark energy component.


===Geometrical universe links===
Modelling using dimensionless geometrical forms derived from the universe clock-rate and 2 dimensionless physical constants (AI podcasts &lt;ref&gt;https://codingthecosmos.com/podcast/ Gemini generated podcast summaries&lt;/ref&gt;).
* [[Electron_(mathematical)]]: Mathematical electron from Planck units
* [[Planck_units_(geometrical)]]: Planck units as geometrical forms
* [[Physical_constant_(anomaly)]]: Anomalies in the physical constants 
* [[Quantum_gravity_(Planck)]]: Gravity at the Planck scale 
* [[Fine-structure_constant_(spiral)]]:  Quantization via pi 
* [[Relativity_(Planck)]]: 4-axis hypersphere as origin of motion
* [[Black-hole_(Planck)]]: CMB and Planck units
* [[Sqrt_Planck_momentum]]: Link between charge and mass


=== External links === 
* [[w:Simulation_hypothesis | The Simulation hypothesis]]
* [https://codingthecosmos.com/ Simulation hypothesis modeling at the Planck scale using geometrical objects] 


=== References === 
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Physics]]
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==Overview==
There are many types of writers, and many types of written content. One problem that many writers face is writer's block. Writer's block is a common complaint of writers from every profession, referring to the inability or difficulty in creating written content. This topic is not well understood, and information provided may be general or vague. This chapter addresses the issue of writer's block considering psychological theory and research in order to offer some practical solutions for dealing with writer's block.  

{{RoundBoxTop|theme=2}}
'''Focus questions:'''
* What is writer's block?
* What are the theories surrounding writers block? 
* How do you overcome writer's block?
{{RoundBoxBottom}}

==Defining writer's block==
Writer’s block, an inability to write (Huston, 1998), varies in its definition (Boise, 1985). The generally accepted definition was provided by Rose (1984), who defined writer’s block as the inability for someone, who has the skills and the commitment to write, to create written content, distinct from the inability to write due to lack of skill, or lack of effort. However Boise (1985), commenting on the vagueness of the term, raised the issue of what the label of writer’s block might cover. Was there one type of block or many? Should those suffering from anxiety be placed into the same category as those who display procrastination? An individual experience, it can occur to writers of any age or group, at any stage in the writing process, though most blocks happen during the composition and articulation processes of writing (Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, 2016; Ahmed, 2019; Boice, 1985). Rose (1984) describes experiences of [[wikipedia:Procrastination|procrastination]], missing deadlines, feelings of anger, fear, and confusion due to unproductive work. Productivity is not necessarily stopped completely (Rose, 1984). The average length of a block is a few weeks but blocks can vary from a few days to over a year (Ahmed, 2019).

[[File:Amp-55-1-68-fig1a.gif|alt=Self-determination continuum|thumb|''Figure 1.'' The self-determination continuum, showing intrinsic, extrinsic and amotivation.]]

== Writer's block in theory ==
Various theories have been connected to writer’s block, describing causes from a variety of perspectives. Theories describing [[wikipedia:Motivation|motivational]], [[wikipedia:Cognition|cognitive]], [[wikipedia:Affect_(psychology)|affective]], and [[wikipedia:Psychological_stress|stress]] related causes have been suggested in connection with writer’s block (Ahmed, 2019; Davidson, 2014; Rose, 1980). Here the [[wikipedia:Self-determination|self-determination theory]] of motivation, [[wikipedia:Flow_(psychology)|Csikzentmihalyi’s theory of flow]], and theories relating to stress, [[wikipedia:Arousal|arousal]] and [[wikipedia:Anxiety|anxiety]] will be discussed.  

=== Self-determination theory ===
Self-determination theory differentiates between [[Motivation and emotion/Book/2013/Intrinsic motivation|intrinsic motivation]], performing a task for its inherent value, and extrinsic motivation, in order to obtain some desired outcome (Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000). The theory describes [[Motivation and emotion/Book/2014/Amotivation|amotivation]] as the state of being unmotivated by a task, and further defines extrinsic motivation into types, varying by degrees of self-motivated behaviour, as shown in Figure 1. The theory takes the position that the ideal motivational state, the most productive and helpful for well-being, is the self-motivated extrinsic, or intrinsic motivated state, the theory assumes that this is the state all people naturally grow into given the right circumstances (Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009). To develop intrinsic motivation an individual must satisfy three innate psychological needs, [[wikipedia:Autonomy|autonomy]], the experience of being self-directed, competence, the belief that an individual has the ability to affect their circumstances, and relatedness, the experience of contentedness and support from others (Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009). Fulfilling these needs by making changes to surrounding contexts, aids intrinsic motivation, and hindering these needs damages intrinsic motivation, causing amotivation (Deci et al., 1994; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000).  

According to self-determination theory, writer's block, would be primarily caused by hindrance, or unfulfillment of these needs. A writer may be blocked if they are not interested in the task, if the task has no appeal or meaning to them or if they are pressured by others, via deadlines, directives and uncontrollable circumstances, blocking may occur if the writer does not feel capable of completing the task, or if they are lacking a supportive, connected environment with others (Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000). A writer may improve intrinsic motivation by making changes to their environment, to allow for the fulfilment of these needs (Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, 2000; Deci et al., 1994;). Working on something interesting or worthwhile, and removing constraints by others, being flexible with deadlines, topics and directives, would allow writers to work on their own volition, increasing autonomy. Getting helpful feedback from others, and increasing skills may help a writer's feeling of competence. Forming supportive connections with peers, colleagues or a writing group may aid a writer’s sense of relatedness.

=== Csikszentmihalyi’s flow theory ===
[[File:Challenge vs skill Commons.jpg|alt=Challenge and skill flow model|thumb|''Figure 2''. The challenge vs skill, Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow.]]

Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow is another theory mentioned as an explanation of writer’s block, {{gr}} Davidson (2014) attributing writer’s block to an inability to enter the state of flow caused by anxiety. Flow theory describes a state of focused attention and concentration that an individual can experience when undergoing a task that they find intrinsically enjoyable (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975; Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013). Described as a state of peak enjoyment, its main features are an intense concentration on the task, a distorted sense of time, and a clear sense of one’s goals (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975; Abuhamdeh &amp; Csikszentmihalyi, 2012). In order to achieve this state a key element is the balance of skill and challenge (Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013). In order to achieve a state of flow the activity must be challenging enough to stretch skills, as shown in Figure 2, if the task is too easy, [[wikipedia:Apathy|apathy]] and boredom are produced, but if the task is too difficult, one experiences anxiety (Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013; Csikszentmihalyi, 1975). Anxiety, being an opposite state to flow, it and other distractions, may prevent an individual from entering flow (Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013). A failure to enter flow could cause anxiety, or anxiety or distractions could prevent a writer from entering flow. According to the theory, one could help overcome writer’s block by adjusting task difficulty or increasing skills and reducing anxieties and distractions (Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013).  

=== Stress, anxiety and arousal theories ===
[[File:HebbianYerkesDodson.JPG|alt=Yerkes-Dodson curve|thumb|''Figure 3''. The Yerkes-Dodson curve, showing the relationship between arousal and performance.]]

Other theories which have been put forth as explanations for writer's block are theories surrounding the high intensity, affective and arousal states of [[Motivation and emotion/Book/2014/Stress on motivation|stress]] and anxiety (Huston, 1998; Bane, 2010; Ahmed, 2019). The concepts of evaluative anxiety and writer’s anxiety, fear surrounding negative evaluation, are often linked to writer’s block (Peterson, 1987; Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, 2016; Rose, 1984). Theories such as the distraction arousal theory, and the distraction conflict theory, put forth that states like anxiety and stress decrease creativity and productivity by using up valuable cognitive resources that would otherwise have been devoted to the task (Teichner, Arees, Reilly, 1963; Baron, 1986). Similar concepts, relating to higher arousal states like stress, are the inverted U theory and the [[wikipedia:Yerkes–Dodson_law|Yerkes-Dodson law]], which suppose that some level of stress increases performance, to an optimum level, but any stress beyond that level decreases performance, as shown in Figure 3 (Muse, Harris &amp; Feild, 2003; Teigen, 1994). Though these theories have been criticised, with some suggesting bias (Muse, Harris &amp; Feild, 2003), and others claiming a lack of empirical validity (Corbett, 2015), these theories have received support (Muse, Harris &amp; Feild, 2003; Teigen, 1994).  

Byron, Khazanchi &amp; Nazarian in 2010 suggested that the effect of stress on an individual, depends on the type and the amount of stress. High levels of stress and stress events that the individual had little or no control over, such as deadlines, or harassment, decrease performance, where as stress events that can be seen as challenges, like work evaluations can improve productivity in low amounts. This concept is similar to the self-determination theory, where events that reduce autonomy and competence lead to reductions in motivation and performance (Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009; Ryan &amp; Deci&lt;sup&gt;a,&lt;/sup&gt; 2000). According to these theories, anxiety, stress and other such distractions would be the prime causes of writer's block, and managing those intense states and removing stressors and distractions would be the primary methods of overcoming such a block. 

{{RoundBoxTop|theme=2}}
;Example
Sally has a research essay due for class in a number of weeks, but she feels unmotivated and uninterested in the task. She’s tried to start writing but finds her unable to put words on the page. It’s a topic that Sally didn’t choose and doesn’t care much about, since she doesn’t find it relevant to her own life. On top of that the deadline is getting closer and she’s feeling anxious about her grades. Sally lives alone, as has fallen out of touch with friends due to studying, and has no support group.
Sally has writer’s block, most likely caused by amotivation and anxiety. To overcome writer’s block Sally could try the following:
*Find some aspect of the topic that she finds interesting or relevant to herself, or worthwhile to discuss and focus on that while writing.
*Take a small break to relieve anxiety and plan her approach through clear reasonable goals.
*Get in contact with friends and peers to discuss ideas for essay and form a supportive network.
{{RoundBoxBottom}}

==Writer's block in research==
Throughout the literature, there are many reported causes, and factors contributing to writer's block, and a majority of researchers identify multiple causes including; procrastination, stress, [[wikipedia:Perfectionism_(psychology)|perfectionism]], rigid rules and evaluation anxiety. (Ahmed, 2019; Boise, 1985; Rose, 1984). Researchers have suggested that writer’s block may be a multi-dimensional construct (Boise, 1985), with some suggesting multiple types of writer's block (Huston, 1998; Peterson, 1987), each existing at different levels or through different causes. However some causes of writer's block have been identified as more common than others, such as stress, anxiety and depression, as well as motivational causes, namely the loss of intrinsic motivation (Ahmed, 2019; Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, 2016). Other frequently reported causes of writer’s block include cognitive causes such as possessing rigid rules and perfectionism, and other behavioural factors like procrastination (Rose, 1980; Boice, 1985).

=== The importance of environments: Connections to self-determination theory and stress/anxiety theories ===
In a study exploring the causes of writer's block on prospective teachers, Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, (2016) found that the environments and context that teachers were writing in had a large impact on blocking. Limitations on topics, lack of time to write, anxiety of being assessed and controlled, fear of criticism, lack of information or poor instruction on how to write as well as the negativity in the environment were found to be among the major causes of writer's block. The study suggests that writer's block may occur more often when writing less interesting, academic or instructive texts, as opposed to texts the writer feels intrinsically interested in. This connects with self-determination theory, supporting the importance of the environment and intrinsic motivation on writer's block, and the need for choice, contentedness and feelings of competence in motivation. It also supports the theories surrounding flow and stress, demonstrating the effect of anxiety and stressful events on writer's block. In their suggestions for combating writer’s block Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, (2016) reinforced the importance of the context or space that the writing happens in, suggesting that writers choose a space that they find comfortable. The results of this study, which uses adult prospective teachers, cannot necessarily be generalised to other populations, and other types of writing. The research also qualitative and not quantitative methods, so though common causes were identified, the study could not determine which had the most effect. 

=== Stress and anticipatory anxiety on writer's block ===
Several other studies have suggested the importance of stress and anxiety on writing, including Bane (2010) who supports a distraction-arousal view of stress, suggesting that a stressed state inhibits cognitive processing, affecting performance, and Huston (1998), who considers writer's block to be caused by anticipatory anxiety of writing, leading to stress. In their study Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, (2016) suggested that anxiety and writer's block were connected processes that feed off each other. Various studies have suggested similar ideas with many implying anxiety and writing apprehension play an important factor in many types of writing blocks (Boice, 1985; Rose, 1984; Peterson, 1987).  

=== Rigid rules, and inflexible plans: Faulty cognitions in writer’s block ===
Other studies on writer's block have focused on a cognitive perspective (Rose, 1980; Boice, 1985; Rose, 1984), but even those studies propose that writer's block has several causes, including cognition, and emotional causes (Rose, 1980). Rose (1980), through a case study examining a group of blocked and unblocked student writers, found that those who were blocked possessed rigid and inflexible rules about the process of writing, compared to those students who weren’t blocked, claiming that these rules impeded the problem solving process of writing, which requires a flexible approach. The treatment he applied to these cases of writer's block involved altering the students cognitive rules about writing allowing them to be more flexible. This approach was found to be successful in most, but not all cases. Rose suggested that those other cases may have more deeply rooted emotional causes of writer's block. Rose’s studies, were conducted as case observations of a small number of academic students, and the generalisability is limited to that group. As well as cognition, it has also been found that [[wikipedia:Attitude_(psychology)|attitudes]] and dispositions towards writing itself, had a major effect on writer's block (Bastug, 2015). This gives weight to the idea that writer’s block is not a simple concept, but that there may be many different varieties. 

=== The multi-faceted approach: Types and layers of writer's block ===
A similar approach has been adopted by others, suggesting that there are often layers to writer’s blocks, varying in severity. Huston, 1998 supposes three levels, with the most mild being caused by cognition factors, such as rules or perfectionism, and the deepest blocks requiring professional counselling. While others suggests that writer's blocks vary more broadly, or by type, (Smeets, 2008). In a 1985 study Boice discovered seven types of faulty cognitions that contributed to writer's block. The most significant being procrastination, perfectionism, evaluation anxiety and [[wikipedia:Dysphoria|dysphoria]]. Rigid rules and planning during the writing process was a contributor, but contrary to other studies (Rose, 1980; 1984) it wasn’t a major cause of writer's block. Factors such as procrastination, perfectionism, and anxiety have also been identified as causes by other research (Boise, 1985; Peterson, 1987).

=== The four causes of writer's block ===
Ahmed, in her study of professional writers in 2019, identified four categories of causes; affective causes, such as stress, anxiety and depression, motivational causes, cognitive causes, including perfectionism and behavioural causes, namely procrastination, bad writing habits and interruptions from others. She identified affective causes such as general anxiety, life stress and depression as the most common causes of writer's block, followed by amotivation and evaluation anxiety. Cognitive and behavioural causes, were not as common among professional writers, as in previously studies frequently involving less intrinsic, academic writing (Rose, 1980; Boice, 1985; Rose, 1984). This not only gives support to the inverted U theory, Yerkes-Dodson law, Csikzenymihalyi’s{{sp}} flow, and distraction arousal/conflict theories, with the suggestion that stress and anxiety impede productivity, this also supports the self-determination theory. In this study, Ahmed identified the most common, and most effective strategies used to overcome writer's block. These were taking a break from writing, working on a different project, ignoring the block, and discussing ideas with others. Another strategy was going for a walk, though this was not common, it was 100% effective (Ahmed, 2019). In comparison to some other studies, the participants in Ahmed’s study were those who had much interest and experience in writing, which are factors in writer’s block, and affect results, as well as generalisability, however it provides a good contrast to most other studies. 

== Combining research and theory ==
Writer's block may be caused by a number of factors and several types of blocks may exist (Rose, 1984; Ahmed, 2019; Huston, 1998). Research has identified that anxiety and stress related causes, and motivational causes are among the most common (Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, 2016; Ahmed, 2019). The nature of the writing task, the writer’s attitude, experience and the environment, are major influences (Bastug, 2015; Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, 2016). The importance of context and motivational causes, show that much of this research and theory are connected. The distraction-arousal theory, distraction-conflict theory, Inverted U theory, Yerkes-Dodson law and Csikzentmihalyi’s flow all propose that high levels of internal arousal, such as stress and anxiety are the underlying causes of writer’s block (Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013; Muse, Harris &amp; Feild, 2003) which has been supported by research. The anxieties and stresses themselves relate to self-determination theory, as a majority of the described stressors in research are hindering competence and the need for autonomy (Byron, Khazanchi &amp; Nazarian, 2010; Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009). 

Procrastination, perfectionism and inflexible, and rigid rules, do not fit with many of these theories, and though they are not among the most common (Ahmed, 2019), they are still reported causes of writer’s block (Rose, 1984; Ahmed, 2019). Suggesting that there are multiple causes, belonging to different dimensions of writer's block{{gr}}. The cause of a block likely depends on the writer, the environment and the task itself.

== Overcoming writer's block ==
Since there are multiple causes of writer’s block, the best way to overcome a block is to choose a method suitable for the cause (Smeets, 2008; Ahmed, 2019). There are several methods of overcoming writer's block according to literature. Suggestions from theory primarily involve altering the environment so the needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness may be met, as well as reducing intense arousal states of stress and anxiety (Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009; Fullagar, Knight &amp; Sovern, 2013). There is some overlap in these suggestions with methods tested in research, giving further support for these theories of writer’s block.  

=== Stress, arousal, anxiety and other distractions ===
If the block is primarily caused by distressing, intense arousal states such as stress and anxiety, impeding creativity or interrupting flow, managing or removing these distractions may improve the block and increase productivity (Byron, Khazanchi &amp; Nazarian, 2010). As suggested by Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin (2016) and others (Bane, 2010; Ahmed, 2019), helping to manage arousal, especially stress and anxiety by altering the environment, or changing locations, making the writer more comfortable were among the most common and the most effective solutions for all causes of blocks.

=== Improving intrinsic motivation, autonomy, competence and relatedness. ===
The theories suggest that altering the environment may also improve intrinsic motivation for writing (Ryan &amp; Deci, 2000&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;; Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009) and offered such suggestions as, working on a topic that is interesting or worthwhile, exercising freedom in writing choices, while, where possible, seeking to remove or adjust constraints such as deadlines, and directives from others, increasing skills to improve feelings of competence, and getting helpful feedback and information from others, and forming supportive peer networks or joining a writer's groups to feel a sense of relatedness with others. Ahmed (2019), describes some similar suggestions in her study of professional writers, finding these to be the most successful methods of overcoming writer's block, including; taking a break from writing, working on a different project and discussing ideas with others to promote creativity. 

=== Rigid rules, perfectionism, procrastination and other bad writing habits ===
Other suggestions for overcoming writer’s block described in research include, correcting mental attitudes about writing, rigid rules, unrealistic expectations and perfectionism. These methods are primarily useful for those who posses cognitive based blocks (Rose, 1980; Bastug, 2015; Huston, 1998). Encouraging positive behaviours and habits, like routine and structure (Davidson, 2014; Wallace, 1977). Using cognitive or behavioural therapy for more persistent blocks (Smeets, 2008; Huston, 1998), or simply persevering and writing anyway (Ahmed, 2019){{gr}}. 

==Conclusion==
There are many reported causes and factors that contribute to writer’s block. Some of the most common causes have been identified as affective and motivational causes, other causes such as cognitions, procrastination, perfectionism and other behavioural factors are also shown (Ahmed, 2019; Rose, 1984; Boice, 1985). A first step in overcoming writer's block should be to attempt to identify the cause of the block (Peterson, 1977; Smeets, 2008). There are methods of overcoming that may be effective for a variety of causes, such as writing about something interesting, talking with others about ideas, taking a break from writing and choosing to write in a space that is comfortable (Ahmed, 2019; Bastug, Ertem &amp; Keskin, 2016).  

For causes related to stress and anxiety, removing stressors and finding ways to relax would be a primary method of overcoming the block. For lack of motivation, due to an uninteresting topic, constrictive conditions that hinder autonomy, a lack of competence in ability to do the work, or lack of a supportive network (Ryan and Deci, 2000&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;; Stone, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2009), adjusting the environment to allow for the fulfilment of these needs would be the primary method of overcoming writer's block. Joining a writing group, exercising flexibility with restrictions, such as deadlines, or topics, increasing skills or getting helpful feedback from others and adjusting the difficulty of tasks to improve feelings of competence. For writer's blocks that are based on cognitive causes, methods such as making strict rules more flexible, or creating better writing behaviours may improve productivity. 

==See also==
[[wikipedia:Affect_(psychology)|Affect]] (Wikipedia)

[[Motivation and emotion/Book/2016/Artistic creation motivation|Artistic creation motivation]] (Book chapter, 2016)

[[Motivation and emotion/Book/2011/Creativity|Creativity]] (Book chapter, 2011)

[[Motivation and emotion/Book/2014/Depression and motivation|Depression and motivation]] (Book chapter, 2014)

[[wikipedia:Flow_(psychology)|Flow]] (Wikipedia)

[[Motivation and emotion/Book/2013/Intrinsic motivation|Intrinsic motivation]] (Book chapter, 2013)

[[Motivation and emotion/Book/2011/Procrastination|Procrastination]] (Book chapter, 2011)

[[wikipedia:Writer's_block|Writer's block]] (Wikipedia)

[[wikipedia:Yerkes–Dodson_law|Yerkes-Dodson law]] (Wikipedia)

==References==
{{Hanging indent|1=

Abuhamdeh, S., &amp; Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2012). The importance of challenge for the enjoyment of the intrinsically motivated, goal-directed activities. ''Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38''(3), 317-330. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211427147 

Ahmed, S. J. (2019). ''An analysis of writer's block: Causes, characteristics, and solutions.'' [Graduate Dissertation, University of North Florida]. UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/903

Bane, R. (2010). The writer’s brain: What neurology tells us about teaching creative writing. ''Creative Writing: Teaching Theory &amp; Practice, 2''(1), 41-50.

Baron, R. S. (1986). Distraction-conflict theory: progress and problems. ''Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19'', 1-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60211-7 

Bastug, M. (2015). Effects of primary school fourth-grade students' attitude, disposition and writer's block on writing success. ''Education and Science, 40''(180), 73-88. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2015.4279

Bastug, M., Ertem, I. S., &amp; Keskin, H. K. (2017). A phenomenological research study on writer’s block: Causes, processes, and results. ''Education + Training, 59''(6), 605-618. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2016-0169

Boice, R. (1985). Cognitive components of blocking. ''Written Communications, 2''(1), 91-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088385002001006

Byron, K.,  Khazanchi, S., &amp; Nazarian, D. (2010). The relationship between stressors and creativity: A meta-analysis examining competing theoretical models. ''Journal of Applied Psychology, 95''(1), 201-212. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017868 

Corbett, M. (2015) From law to folklore: work stress and the Yerkes-Dodson Law. ''Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30''(6), 741-752. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-03-2013-0085 

Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975) ''Beyond boredom and anxiety''. Jossey-Bass. 

Davidson, R. (2014). On writer’s block. ''Overland, 261''(1), 25-32.

Deci, E. L., Eghrarl, H., Patrick, B. C., &amp; Leone, D. R. (1994). Facilitating internalisation: The self-determination theory perspective. ''Journal of Personality, 62''(1), 119-142. 

Fullagar, C. J., Knight, P. A., &amp; Sovern, H. S. (2013) Challenge/skill balance, flow, and performance anxiety. ''Applied Psychology: An International Review, 62''(2), 236-259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2012.00494.x

Huston, P. (1998). Resolving writer's block. ''Canadian Family Physician, 44''(1), 92-97. 

Muse, L. A., Harris, S. G., &amp; Feild, H. S. (2003) Has the inverted-U theory of stress and job performance had a fair test? ''Human Performance, 16''(4), 349-364. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327043HUP1604_2 

Peterson, K. E. (1987) ''Relationships among measures of writer’s block, writing anxiety, and procrastination''. [unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Ohio State University.

Rose, M. (1980). Rigid rules, inflexible plans, and the stifling of language: A cognitivist analysis of writer's block. ''College Composition and Communication, 31''(4), 389-401. http://www.jstor.com/stable/356589

Rose, M. (1984). ''Writer’s block: The cognitive dimension''. Studies in writing &amp; rhetoric. Paper presented at the Composition Communication, Urbana, IL.

Ryan, M. R., &amp; Deci, E. La. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classical definitions and new directions. ''Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25'', 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020 

Ryan, M. R., &amp; Deci, E. Lb. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, self-development, and well-being. ''American Psychologist, 55''(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037110003-066X.55.1.68 

Smeets, S. (2008). Writer’s Block as an Instrument for Remaining in Paradise. ''Communication in Science'', Zeitschrift schreiben, 1-8.

Stone, D. S., Deci, E. L., &amp; Ryan, R. M. (2009). Beyond talk: creating autonomous motivation through self-determination theory. ''Journal of General Management, 34''(3), 75-91. 

Teichner, W. H., Arees, E., &amp; Reilly, R. (1963). Noise and human performance, a psychophysiological approach. ''Ergonomics, 6''(1), 83-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140136308930678 

Teigen, K. H. (1994). Yerkes-Dodson: A law for all seasons. ''Theory and Psychology, 4''(4), 525-547. 

Wallace, I. (1977). Self-control techniques of famous novelists. ''Journal of Applied Behavioural Analysis, 10''(3), 515-525. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1977.10-515
}}

==External links==
[https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/coping-with-depression.htm Coping with depression] (helpguide.org)

[https://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/quick-stress-relief.htm Quick stress relief] (helpguide.org)

[https://allessay.org/american-students-on-the-edge-depression-hunger-and-colleges-that-dont-care/ Depression, hunger and neglect] 

[https://www.writersdigest.com/be-inspired/top-websites-for-writers-10-online-writing-communities 10 Online writing communities] (writersdigest.com)

[https://adaa.org/tips Tips to manage anxiety and stress] (adaa.org)

[[Category:{{#titleparts:{{PAGENAME}}|3}}]]
[[Category:Motivation and emotion/Book/Creativity]]
[[Category:Motivation and emotion/Book/Motivation]]
[[Category:Motivation and emotion/Book/Procrastination]]
[[Category:Motivation and emotion/Book/Writing]]</text>
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    <title>Category:Media reform to improve democracy</title>
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      <text bytes="6645" sha1="5p670ps7nhf4mm7b4qkdmzheqy71b2n" xml:space="preserve">A number of seemingly credible sources are describing an increase in political polarization worldwide. [[w:Maria Ressa|Maria Ressa]] describes how [[w:Rodrigo Duterte|Rodrigo Duterte]], former President of the [[w:Philippines|Philippines]] &quot;started ... with five hundred volunteers&lt;ref&gt;Ressa (2022, pp. 147-8).&lt;/ref&gt; (1) creating “sock puppets,” or fake accounts that attack or praise; (2) “mass reporting,” or organizing to negatively impact a targeted account; and (3) “astroturfing,” or fake posts or lies designed to look like grassroots support or interest.&lt;ref&gt;Ressa (2022, pp. 152-3).&lt;/ref&gt; These actions tricked the algorithms of social media companies like Facebook and Twitter into amplifying fraudulent messages including incitements to violence and criminal prosecutions based on trumped up charges. The results easily overwhelmed honest media. [[w:Leila de Lima|Leila de Lima]], a Senator and former Secretary of Justice of the Philippines, spent years  in pretrial detention before the charges were dropped for lack of evidence.&lt;ref&gt;Ressa (2022, p. 158ff) and Wikipedia, &quot;[[w:Leila de Lima|Leila de Lima]]&quot;, accessed 2024-07-22.&lt;/ref&gt; Ressa's news organization, [[w:Rappler|Rappler]].com, was ordered to close. Ressa herself was convicted on questionable charges. Both continued operating while the legal procedures against them were appealed.&lt;ref&gt;Ressa (2022, pp. 152-3) and Wikipedia, &quot;[[w:Maria Ressa|Maria Ressa]]&quot;, accessed 2024-07-22.&lt;/ref&gt; Ressa says similar procedures are making major contributions to the rise of fascism and far-right nationalist populists in the US, Europe, Turkey, India, Russia, and elsewhere.&lt;ref&gt;Ressa (2022, pp. 152-3).&lt;/ref&gt; [[w:H. R. McMaster|H. R. McMaster]], former President Trump's second National Security advisor, said that &quot;The internet and social media thus provided [Russia] with a low-cost, easy way to divide and weaken America from within.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;McMaster (2020, pp. 47-48).&lt;/ref&gt; The [[w:2021 Facebook leak|2021 Facebook leak]] documented how executives of [[w:Facebook|Facebook]] and [[w:Meta Platforms|Meta]] knowingly prioritized profits over action to limit incitements to violence, even facilitating the [[w:Rohingya genocide|Rohingya genocide]] in [[w:Myanmar|Myanmar]], because doing otherwise would have reduced their revenue. 

This &quot;Category:Media reform to improve democracy&quot; include videos of interviews with experts and activists working this issue along with 29:00 mm:ss audio files submitted to a ''Media &amp; Democracy'' series syndicated on the [[w:List of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates|Pacifica radio network]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Media &amp; Democracy on Audioport--&gt;{{cite Q|Q127839818}}&lt;/ref&gt; plus text and space for a moderated discussion. 

The 2024-09-11 episode of Sprouts:Radio from the Grassroots&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Sprouts: Radio From the Grassroots--&gt;{{cite Q|Q98781702}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Media &amp; Democracy on Sprouts|featured excerpts from the interviews in this series]]. The Wikiversity article on this episode includes the 29:00 mm:ss podcast inviting a discussion of issues discussed in that podcast. 

== Table of episodes == 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ Episodes of &quot;Media &amp; Democracy&quot; for the [[w:List of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates|Pacifica Radio Network]]
|-
! 
!! colspan=3 | Date !! 
|- 
! no. || recorded !! broadcasted on [[w:KKFI|KKFI]] !! released to Pacifica !! Episode 
|- 
| 27 || 2025-06-08 || 2025-06-10 || 2025-06-14 || [[Media concentration per Columbia History Professor Richard John]]
|- 
| 26 || 2025-05-21 || 2025-05-27 || 2025-05-31 || [[Dean Starkman and the watchdog that didn't bark]]
|- 
| 25 || 2025-05-08 || 2025-05-13 || 2025-05-17 || [[Freedom of the Press Foundation says...]]
|- 
| 24 || 2025-04-24 || 2025-04-29 || 2025-05-03 || [[Canadian journalist Marc Edge on media reform to improve democracy]]
|-
| 23 || 2025-04-10 || 2025-04-15 || 2025-04-19 || [[The value of indigenous and community radio]]
|- 
| 22 || 2025-03-28 || 2025-04-01 || 2025-04-05 || [[Trump ordered changes in public data]]
|-
| 21 || 2025-03-06 || 2025-03-11 || 2025-03-22 || [[Vulture capitalists destroying newspapers]]
|- 
| 20 || 2025-02-25 || 2025-02-25 || 2025-03-08 || [[Local newspapers limit malfeasance]]
|-
| 19 || 2025-02-06 || 2025-02-11 || 2025-02-22 || [[Palast says Trump lost, vote suppression won the 2024 elections]]
|-
| 18 || 2025-01-25 || 2025-02-04 || 2025-02-12 || [[Defend free speech hybrid town hall]]
|-
| 17 || 2025-01-13 || 2025-01-14 || 2025-01-25 || [[Media in the Syrian conflict]]
|-
| 16 || 2024-12-20 || 2024-12-31 || 2024-01-04 || [[HR 9495, the nonprofit-killer bill, per Michael Novick]]
|- 
| 15 || 2024-12-13 || 2024-12-24 || 2024-12-21 || [[Information is a public good per communications prof Pickard]]
|-
| 14 || 2024-12-02 || 2024-12-10 || 2024-12-07 || [[Media literacy for the Arab World per Ahmed Al-Rawi]]
|-
| 13 || 2024-11-21 || 2024-11-26 || 2024-11-23 || [[Thom Hartmann on The Hidden History of the American Dream]]
|-
| 12 || 2024-10-25 || 2024-11-05 || 2024-11-09 || [[Legal concerns of Wikimedia Europe]] 
|-
| 11 || 2024-10-26 || 2024-10-19 || 2024-10-27 || [[Project 2025 per Professor Brooks]]
|-
| 10 || 2024-10-01 || 2024-10-01 || 2024-10-12 || [[Jacob Ware on far-right terrorism in the US]]
|-
| 9 || 2024-09-13 || 2024-09-17 || 2024-09-29 || [[Dis- and misinformation and their threats to democracy]]
|- 
| 8 || 2024-09-11 || 2024-11-12 || 2024-09-14 || [[22nd Century Initiative]]
|- 
| 7 || 2024-08-22|| 2024-08-27 || 2024-08-31 || [[Global Project Against Hate &amp; Extremism (GPAHE)]]
|-
| 6 || 2024-08-19 || 2024-08-20 || 2024-08-24 || [[Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen says]]
|-
| 5 || 2024-08-13 || 2024-08-13 || 2024-08-17 || [[Legal concerns of Free Press including Section 230]]
|-
| 4 || 2024-08-02 || 2024-08-06 || 2024-08-10 || [[How psychological and interpersonal processes are influenced by human-computer interactions]]
|-
| 3 || 2024-07-30 || 2024-07-30 || 2024-08-03 || [[Dean Baker on Internet companies threatening democracy internationally and how to fix that]]
|-
| 2 || 2021-04-29 || 2021-04-29 || 2021-05-16 || [[Media reform per Freepress.net]]
|- 
| 1 || 2021-02-23 || 2021-02-23 || 2021-03-17 ||[[Unrigging the media and the economy]]
|}

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography == 

* &lt;!-- H. R. McMaster (2020) Battlegrounds: The Fight to Defend the Free World--&gt;{{cite Q|Q104774898}}
* &lt;!--Maria Ressa (2022) How to Stand Up To a Dictator--&gt;{{cite Q|Q117559286}}

[[Category:Interdisciplinary studies]]

[[Category:Political science]]
[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Freedom and abundance]]
[[Category:Videoconferences on media and democracy]]</text>
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    <title>Federal Writers' Project – Life Histories/2021/Spring/105/Section 56/Moina Belle Michael</title>
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      <comment>([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:Duplicate|Duplicate]]: [[File:Shipbuilding during the First World War Q20091.jpg]] → [[File:The Shipbuilding Industry in Britain, 1914-1918 Q20091.jpg]] Exact or scaled-down duplicate: [[c::File:The Shipbuilding Industry in Britain, 1914-1918 Q20091.jpg]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="8871" sha1="mc0c074zhgyemgym3cr9jyff16iqem6" xml:space="preserve">== '''Overview''' ==


Moina Belle Michael, more widely known as “the Poppy Lady” for her creation of floral tribute related to red poppies, was interviewed by Mrs. Sadie B. Hornsby, Mrs. Sarah H. Hall, and John N. Booth in association with the Federal Writers’ Project. The interview took place at the Georgian Hotel in Athens, Georgia on February 8th, and 9th, 1939.

== '''Biography''' ==
[[File:Poppy-Memorial-1948.jpg|thumb|284x284px|Moina Belle Michael 3 Cent Stamp]]


Known as “The Poppy Lady,” Moina Belle Michael was of French Huguenot lineage born on August 15, 1869 in Walton County, Florida. As this was around the time when the Civil War ended, many social issues, especially about slavery, lingered. She was the oldest daughter of seven children born to Alice Sherwood Wise and John Marion Michael. Michael’s family earned their wealth from their cotton plantation until 1889 and with her family’s support Michael received education at Braswell Academy and the Martin Institute. However, Michael never graduated due to financial issues. After leaving school she become a teacher, working for 54 years at several different jobs that were connected to education.&lt;ref&gt;“Moina Belle Michael Biography (1869-1944)” The Great War 1914-1918. Accessed March 30, 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.greatwar.co.uk/people/moina-belle-michael-biography.htm&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Her first teaching job was at a place called Good Hope in which she received 8 cents per day for each of the 16 pupils for 5 months. She was a humanitarian and American professor, but Michael is most known for the idea of using poppies as a symbol of remembrance for the soldiers that served in World War I, hence the nickname others gave her. She got directly involved in World War I when she visited Europe from June to July of 1914. During her time abroad, she helped thousands of U.S. tourists seek passage back to the U.S. After returning to the U.S., Michael believed that those who served in World War I needed some type of remembrance.&lt;ref&gt;Dávila, Denis; Ladd, Sophie M; and Melili, Amanda. “The Poppy Lady: Moina Belle Michael and Her Tribute to Veterans.” ''Journal of Children's Literature'' 44, no. 2 (Fall 2018): 85. Accessed March 22, 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://search.proquest.com/openview/3f9476ce694ae7ece4013bd38d53404a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&amp;cbl=1356370&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; The idea of the red poppy was also inspired by a poem that Michael had read called &quot;In Flanders Field&quot; that was published by ''Punch and Ladies Home.''&lt;ref&gt;Loveday, Leo; Parpală Emilia. “The Poppy and Carnation Communicate Life and Death”. ''Contextual Identities: A Comparative and Communication Approach'' 14 (June 2015): 164-165. Accessed March 30, 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310802962_rec_di_Emilia_Parpala_Leo_Loveday_eds_Contextual_Identities_A_Comparative_and_Communicational_Approach&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Thus, the poppy tradition that honors the soldiers that died or were injured on European soil began. Years later, Moina Belle Michael agreed to be interviewed for the Federal Writers Project on January 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 1939, at the age sixty-nine. Michael never married and never had any children.

[[File:Service-pnp-fsa-8b25000-8b25700-8b25702v.jpg|thumb|268x268px|Schoolhouse in the early 20th century ]]
[[File:The Shipbuilding Industry in Britain, 1914-1918 Q20091.jpg|thumb|266x266px|Women assisting during World War I]]

== '''Social Context''' ==

=== '''Women Assisting in World War I''' ===
During World War I, women did not have as many rights as men. For instance, the right to vote and the right to enlist in war. Although women were prohibited to fight alongside men in war, many women still somehow found a way to help or fight alongside other soldiers. One example of this would be Major Beatrice Hood Stroup who is one of the few women to be promoted to Major during World War II. Major Stroup stated, &quot;This gender distinction at wartime counters the reality. Even during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War when the U.S. army did not allow women to join in combat, some exceptional women disguised themselves as men and fought as warriors on the battlefield.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Jing. “HERstory: When We were at War.” ''Social Studies and the Young Learner'' 31, no. 3 (February 2019): 24-28. Accessed March 22, 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jing-Williams/publication/331110453_HERstory_When_We_were_at_War/links/5c812b8292851c69505d620d/HERstory-When-We-were-at-War.pdf&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; She goes onto explain that during World War I many women voluntary participated in war with men, but women had to defy the social norm and break the law in order to fight alongside men or find some type of way to help the soldiers during World War I. 

=== '''Downturn of Economy because of World War I''' ===
World War I sparked the beginning of the Great Depression by leaving thousands of Americans unemployed and homeless. As Christopher Klein, an author and freelance writer specializing in history states, &quot;Social changes to the United States as a result of World War I laid the groundwork for the ensuing economic freefall.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Klein, Christopher. “How Economic Turmoil After WWI Led to the Great Depression.” History. (February 12, 2019). Accessed March 30, 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.history.com/news/world-war-i-cause-great-depression&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;Towards the end of World War I, the stock market had just crashed, and America had to pay war debts and reparations which negatively impacted the economy. However, the wealthy still made a large number of profits while others were spending more than they were earning. Even the Americans that served in World War I were struggling because the welfare checks provided were not enough to cover the daily living expenses. Despite the president’s efforts the economy never truly recovered until America got involved in World War II. Another war meant the creation of millions of jobs in defense and war industries which brought the economy back from its worst time ever.

=== '''The Mourning of the Fallen Soldiers of World War I''' ===
After World War I, many ideas circulated, and some were established to show respect and remembrance of the fallen or injured soldiers in World War I. One prominent idea was simply to share their stories within their community in hopes that they would be passed down through generations for memorial purposes. Not everyone agreed on this idea though because &quot;at a time when many families are visible because of their contributions to these remembrance initiatives it is worth briefly noting that not everybody wants to share their story.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Foster, Ann-Marie. “Family Mourning and the First World War.” World War I Centenary. Accessed March 22, 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;http://ww1centenary.oucs.ox.ac.uk/memoryofwar/family-mourning-and-the-first-world-war/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; This is why many preferred the idea of using the red poppy to symbolize respect and remembrance for the people that served in World War I. Today, we still follow this tradition by placing red poppies at funerals on Veterans Day.

== '''References''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== '''Bibliography''' ==


●     Dávila, Denis; Ladd, Sophie M; and Melili, Amanda. “The Poppy Lady: Moina Belle Michael and Her Tribute to Veterans.” ''Journal of Children's Literature'' 44, no. 2 (Fall 2018): 85. Accessed March 22, 2021. https://search.proquest.com/openview/3f9476ce694ae7ece4013bd38d53404a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&amp;cbl=1356370

●      Foster, Ann-Marie. “Family Mourning and the First World War.” World War I Centenary. Accessed March 22, 2021. http://ww1centenary.oucs.ox.ac.uk/memoryofwar/family-mourning-and-the-first-world-war/

●     Klein, Christopher. “How Economic Turmoil After WWI Led to the Great Depression.” History. (February 12, 2019). Accessed March 30, 2021. https://www.history.com/news/world-war-i-cause-great-depression

●      Loveday, Leo; Parpală Emilia. “The Poppy and Carnation Communicate Life and Death”. ''Contextual Identities: A Comparative and Communication Approach'' 14 (June 2015): 164-165. Accessed March 30, 2021. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310802962_rec_di_Emilia_Parpala_Leo_Loveday_eds_Contextual_Identities_A_Comparative_and_Communicational_Approach

●      “Moina Belle Michael Biography (1869-1944)” The Great War 1914-1918. Accessed March 30, 2021. http://www.greatwar.co.uk/people/moina-belle-michael-biography.htm

●     Williams, Jing. “HERstory: When We were at War.” ''Social Studies and the Young Learner'' 31, no. 3 (February 2019): 24-28. Accessed March 22, 2021. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jing-Williams/publication/331110453_HERstory_When_We_were_at_War/links/5c812b8292851c69505d620d/HERstory-When-We-were-at-War.pdf

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      <text bytes="18937" sha1="0kcpkgexs0khjvezq4jd045yt8cx97n" xml:space="preserve">'''Relativity as the mathematics of perspective at the Planck scale'''


It is proposed that the universe is a 4-axis incrementally expanding (in Planck time units) hypersphere universe (the bulk geometry), where the observable 3D universe exists on the surface. The fundamental premise is that particles exist on the 3D hypersphere surface and experience the physics described by ΛCDM cosmology, while the 4D bulk expansion follows Planck-scale geometric rules. The Planck universe can be considered as the scaffolding for the 3D (particle) ΛCDM universe, the method for addition of geometrical Planck units is discussed in the [[v:Electron_(mathematical) |mathematical electron]] model, the calculations for the Planck unit [[w:Cosmic_microwave_background |cosmic microwave background]] parameters are given in the [[v:Black-hole_(Planck) |Planck black hole]] section of the model.


==== Hypersphere ====
{{main|Black-hole (Planck)}}
It is argued&lt;ref&gt;Macleod, Malcolm J.; {{Cite journal |title= Programming cosmic microwave background parameters for Planck scale Simulation Hypothesis modeling |journal=RG |date=Feb 2011 |  doi=10.13140/RG.2.2.31308.16004/7}}&lt;/ref&gt; that a Planck unit 4-axis expanding hyper-sphere (black-hole) universe acts as the scaffolding for the observed 3-D particle universe. The hypersphere expands incrementally at a constant rate, each increment corresponds to (is the origin of) 1 unit of Planck time, the outward expansion measured in units of Planck length, thus the velocity of hypersphere expansion = l&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; / t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; = c, the speed of light. Consequently the speed of light is a defining limit. Furthermore this outward expansion gives the [[w:Arrow of time |arrow-of-time]].

As the hypersphere expands it pulls all particles with it (thus the observed universe remains on the hypersphere surface). All motion therefore derives from this expansion, and so in hyper-sphere co-ordinates all particles and objects travel at, and only at, the velocity of expansion = c. Relativity then becomes the mathematics of perspective, translating between the 2 co-ordinate systems; the (expanding at speed of light) 4-axis hypersphere and the (relative velocity) 3-D surface.


=== Wave-particle oscillation ===
{{see|Electron (mathematical)}}
It is argued that particles at the Planck scale are oscillations between an electric wave-state to (Planck) mass point-state, the wave-state as the duration of particle frequency in Planck time units and is the origin of the particle electric properties, the mass point-state as 1 unit of Planck mass (1m&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;) for a duration of 1 unit of Planck time. [[w:Wave-particle duality |Wave-particle duality]] at the Planck scale then becomes a wave-point oscillation, the particle does not exist at any 1 unit of (Planck) time, and so can more precisely be defined as an event (1 complete wave-point oscillation). 1 of the dimensions of the particle is therefore time, thus particle quantum states also therefore do not occur at the Planck scale but rather are also emergent properties (and so quantum state physics cannot be applied to the Planck scale) &lt;ref&gt;Macleod, M.J. {{Cite journal |title= Programming Planck units from a mathematical electron; a Simulation Hypothesis |journal=Eur. Phys. J. Plus |volume=113 |pages=278 |date=22 March 2018 | doi=10.1140/epjp/i2018-12094-x}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Notably at the mass state the particle has defined (point) co-ordinates within the universe hypersphere and thus can be mapped, conversely the wave-state is undefined.


=== Relativity translations ===
Assigning '''t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;''' as the incrementing clock-rate (note t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; has the units ''s'', t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; is dimensionless). 

  FOR t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; = 1 TO the_end                             
          generate 1 unit of Planck time 1t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;       
          expand hypersphere by 1 unit of Planck length 1l&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;           
          ........ 
  NEXT t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;                  

As each ''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; increment adds 1 unit of Planck time ''t''&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;, then in a 14 billion year old universe, numerically 
:''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; = ''t''&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; = 10&lt;sup&gt;62&lt;/sup&gt;


==== Radial motion ====
[[File:Planck-relativity-1.jpg|thumb|right|358px|A and B in hypersphere co-ordinates from origin O, (frequency 0A = 0B = 6)]]
We take 2 particles ''A'' (''v = 0'' in 3D space) and ''B'' (''v = 0.866c'' in 3D space) which both have a frequency = 6; 5t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; (5 increments to ''t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;'') in the wave-state followed by 1t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt; (1 increment to ''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;) in the point-state (the point-state is represented by a black dot, diagram right). 

The hyper-sphere expands radially at the speed of light. Both particles begin at origin ''O'', after 1 second, ''B'' will have traveled 299792458 * 0.866 = 259620km from ''A'' in 3-D space (the horizontal axis). However for both ''A'' and ''B'' the radial axis length is the same ''OA'' = ''OB''. 

As the surface of the hypersphere constitutes 3-D space, movement along this surface corresponds to distance travelled (in conventional terms). However as the hypersphere is expanding outward (time goes forward), the surface expands with it, and so the universe 4-axis co-ordinates would register as a space-time continuum. We would note that ''A'' has travelled 1 second in time but no distance in meters. ''B'' has travelled both in time and in space (259620km from stationary ''A''). 

In hypersphere co-ordinates, both ''A'' and ''B'' have travelled the same radial axis length; ''OA'' = ''OB''. There is only 1 velocity and that is the velocity of expansion; radial axis ''OA'' will always equal ''OB''. For 3D-surface-dwellers, there is a distinction between time and space because the 3D-surface-dweller has no means to register the hypersphere expansion as motion.

From the perspective of surface-dweller ''A'' (''v = 0''), ''B'' will have reached the point-state after 3 units of ''t''&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt; (3 units of Planck time t&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;) and so will have twice the (relativistic) mass of ''A''. However the hypersphere expands radially from origin ''O'', and so ''A'' will also have traveled the equivalent of 299792458m from ''O'' (radial axis ''OA'' = ''OB'', ''v = c''), and so from the perspective of the hypersphere, ''B'' can equally claim that ''A'' has traveled 259620km from ''B'' in 3-D space terms. 

The time-line axis (axis of expansion) maps Planck time (1''t''&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;) steps, note that only the particle point-state has defined co-ordinates, and so on this graph ''A'' can only have 6 possible time-line divisions (if including ''v = 0''). As the minimum step is 1 unit of Planck time, this means that ''B'' can attain Planck mass (m&lt;sub&gt;B&lt;/sub&gt; = m&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;/1) when at maximum velocity v&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; (relative to the ''A'' time-line axis), but ''B'' can never attain the horizontal axis = velocity ''c'' because in the process at least 1 time step (1 unit of Planck time) is required, and so for particles v&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; can never attain ''c''. However a small particle such as an electron has more time-line divisions, and so can travel faster in 3-D space than can a larger particle (with a shorter wavelength).


==== Particle motion ====
[[File:Planck-relativity-2.jpg|thumb|right|512px|particle wave to point oscillations in hyper-sphere expansion co-ordinates]]

Depicted is particle ''B'' at some arbitrary universe time ''t = 1''. ''B'' begins at origin ''O'' (top left) and is pulled (stretched) by the hyper-sphere (pilot wave) expansion in the wave-state (top right). At ''t = 6'', ''B'' collapses back into the mass point state (bottom left) and now has new co-ordinates within the hypersphere, these co-ordinates becoming the new origin ''O’''.  

In hypersphere coordinates everything travels at, and only at, the speed of expansion = ''c'', this is the origin of all motion, particles (and planets) do not have any inherent motion of their own, they are pulled along by this expansion as particles oscillate from (electric) wave-state to (mass) point-state ... ad-infinitum.


==== Particle N-S axis ====

[[File:Planck-relativity-3.jpg|thumb|right|435px|particle N-S spin axis orientation mapped onto hyper-sphere]]

Particles are assigned an N-S spin axis around which particles can rotate (spin left and spin right). The co-ordinates of the point-state are determined by the orientation of the N-S axis. Of all the possible solutions, it is the particle N-S axis which determines where the point-state will next occur. 

''A'', ''B'' and ''C'' begin together at ''O'', if we can then change the N-S axis angle of ''A'' and ''C'' compared to ''B'', then as the universe expands the ''A'' wave-state and the ''C'' wave-state will be stretched as with the ''B'' wave-state, but the point state co-ordinates of ''A'' (and ''C'') will now reflect their new N-S axis angles of orientation. 

''A, B, C'' do not need to have an independent motion; they are being pulled by the universe expansion in different directions (relative to each other). We can thus simulate a transfer of physical momentum to a particle by simply changing the N-S axis. The radial hyper-sphere expansion does the rest.


[[File:planck-scale-relativity-f6.gif|thumb|right|480px|B's 2-D orbit along A time-line axis by realigning N-S axis (f=6)]]
In this example (diagram right), we continuously change the N-S axis of B (orange dot frequency ''f'' = 6) across all 11 options (''f'' = 6 == 6 possible time-line divisions) after each point state. 

A wave forms around the A (purple dot ''v'' = 0) time-line axis with a period &lt;math&gt;4 (4f^2-f)&lt;/math&gt; measured in time units;


==== Photons ====
[[File:Relativity-doppler-Planck-scale.jpg|thumb|right|480px|doppler shift measured along the expanding hypersphere time-line axis]]

Information between particles is exchanged by photons. Photons do not have a mass point-state, only a wave-state, and so have no means to travel the radial expansion axis, instead they travel laterally across the hyper-sphere (they are `time-stamped', a photon reaching us from the sun is 8 minutes old). 

The period required for particles to emit and to absorb photons is proportional to photon wavelength as illustrated in the diagram (right), &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; (''v'' = 0, left column) emits a photon (wavelength &lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt;) towards &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; (right column). The time taken (''h'') by &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; to absorb the photon depends on the motion of &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; relative to &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt;. The [[w:Doppler effect |Doppler shift]];  

:&lt;math&gt;v_{observed} = v_{source}.\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}{1-\frac{v}{c}} = v_{source}.\frac{h}{\lambda-z}&lt;/math&gt;

Photons cannot travel the radial expansion axis, and as the information between particles is exchanged via the electromagnetic spectrum, ''ABC'' will measure only the horizontal ''AB'', ''BC'' and ''AC'' (x-y-z) co-ordinates, thus defining for the 3 observers (''A'', ''B'' and ''C'') a relativistic 3-D space. Relativity formulas translate between the 4-axis hyper-sphere and the 3-D space co-ordinate systems.


==== Gravitational Orbits ====
[[File:4body-orbital-3x10x-gravitational-orbit.gif|thumb|right|480px|4 body orbit; (4 mass points, 6 orbitals)]]
{{main|Quantum gravity (Planck)}}
All particles simultaneously in the point-state at any unit of ''t&lt;sub&gt;age&lt;/sub&gt;'' form orbital pairs with each other &lt;ref&gt;Macleod, Malcolm J.; {{Cite journal |title= Programming gravity for Planck unit Simulation Hypothesis modeling |journal=RG |date=Feb 2011 | doi=10.13140/RG.2.2.11496.93445/13}}&lt;/ref&gt;. These orbital pairs then rotate by a specific angle depending on the radius of the orbital. These are then averaged giving new co-ordinates in the hypersphere. The observed [[w:orbits |gravitational orbits]] of planets are the sum of these individual orbital pairs averaged over time. 

Orbits, being also driven by the universe expansion, occur at the speed of light, however the orbit along the expansion time-line is not noted by the observer and so the orbital period is measured using 3D space co-ordinates. 


[[File:hypersphere-orbital-2.jpg|thumb|right|345px|B's orbit relative to A's time-line axis in time units ''t'']]
While ''B'' (satellite) has a circular orbit period t&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; on a 2-axis plane (horizontal axis as 3-D space) around ''A'' (planet), it also follows a cylindrical orbit (from &lt;math&gt;B'&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;B''&lt;/math&gt;) around the ''A'' time-line (vertical) axis in hyper-sphere co-ordinates. ''A'' is moving with the universe expansion (along the time-line axis) at (''v = c'') but is stationary in 3-D space (''v'' = 0). ''B'' is orbiting ''A'' at (''v = c'') but the time-line axis motion is equivalent (and so `invisible') to both ''A'' and ''B'', and so for an observer the orbital period and orbital velocity measure is limited to 3-D space co-ordinates. 


==== AI analysis ====
AI was asked to read and analyze this hypersphere model. In particular, Claude wrote a readable 'textbook' on the subject. To access the links may require to log in to the AI program. The summaries are listed here.


:Grok &lt;ref&gt;https://x.com/i/grok/share/jiSFBh30LBFRn2q13nTBY880I Grok AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt;
Conclusion:
    The hypersphere model achieves a robust integration with General Relativity by:  
    Employing a metric that describes an expanding, curved universe consistent with GR’s cosmological solutions.  
    Satisfying Einstein’s field equation, linking the model’s geometry to a physically meaningful distribution of mass and energy.  
    Upholding the geodesic principle, ensuring that particle motion reflects spacetime curvature.
    This compatibility underscores the hypersphere model’s validity within established physics, while its emphasis on expansion as the driver of motion enriches GR with a novel viewpoint. By harmonizing with GR’s principles and offering a geometric framework that unifies space, time, and motion, the hypersphere model emerges as a compelling alternative perspective on the universe, paving the way for deeper exploration into the interplay of geometry, gravity, and cosmology.


:Chat &lt;ref&gt;https://chatgpt.com/share/67e78967-0e78-8012-a665-c97421e0bef6 Chat AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt;
Conclusion:
     A Single Fundamental Mechanism:
     Unlike standard approaches that introduce separate postulates for inertia, force, and gravitation, the expanding hypersphere model explains these phenomena as emergent properties of a single underlying process—the expansion of the hypersphere and the consequent reorientation of particle axes.
    Bridging Microscopic and Macroscopic Dynamics:
    The oscillatory behavior of particles (from the wave–point duality) is seamlessly integrated with the macroscopic expansion of space. This connection offers a potential pathway toward unifying quantum dynamics with cosmological evolution.
    Compatibility with Established Theories:
    Through detailed mathematical derivations, we have shown that the model is fully compatible with the local Lorentz invariance of special relativity and can be integrated into the curved space–time framework of general relativity. This ensures that all experimentally verified relativistic effects are preserved while providing a deeper, more fundamental explanation for their origin.


:Deepseek pdf &lt;ref&gt;https://codingthecosmos.com/ai/deepseek-hypersphere.pdf Deepseek AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt;
Alignment with Established Theories
 Special Relativity (SR):
 Derives Lorentz transformations, time dilation, and from hyperspherical rotations and projections.
 Upholds local Lorentz invariance by masking global expansion effects at small scales.
 General Relativity (GR):
 Reproduces Einstein’s field equations via hypersphere curvature linked to stress-energy.
 Matches FLRW cosmology, reinterpreting dark energy () as intrinsic curvature.
 Resolves singularities (e.g., black holes) through Planck-scale discreteness, avoiding infinite densities.
 Quantum Mechanics:
 Wave-particle duality emerges from oscillations between hyper-spherical wave-states and point-like mass-states.
 Key Innovations and Simplifications
 Geometric Unification: Motion, gravity, and quantum phenomena stem from hypersphere dynamics, reducing physics to geometry.
 Momentum Redefined: Particle trajectories arise from N-S axis reorientation, replacing Newtonian forces with geometric &quot;pulling.&quot;
 Cosmological Insights: Hubble expansion () and dark energy are natural outcomes of hyperspherical curvature.


:Claude pdf &lt;ref&gt;https://codingthecosmos.com/ai/claude-hypersphere.pdf Claude AI analysis&lt;/ref&gt; (textbook format)
Current cosmological models face challenges explaining dark energy, dark matter, and the universe's
large-scale structure:
 ΛCDM Cosmology 
 Dark energy as mysterious repulsive force  
 Dark matter inferred from galactic rotation curves  
 Inflation as a separate early universe phase  
 Cosmological constant problem  
 Horizon problem requiring special mechanisms  
 
 Expanding Hypersphere Model
 Expansion as fundamental property of the hypersphere
 Modified motion from higher-dimensional dynamics
 Inflation incorporated in hypersphere expansion dynamics
 Connection between particle physics and cosmology scales
 Natural communication through higher dimensions

 The model potentially resolves longstanding cosmological puzzles by linking the smallest quantum scales directly to the largest cosmological scales through the hypersphere expansion mechanism. The Friedmann equation: can be reinterpreted in the hypersphere model as describing the evolution of the hypersphere radius $R(t)$, with the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ emerging naturally from the fundamental expansion process rather than requiring a separate dark energy component.


===Geometrical universe links===
Modelling using dimensionless geometrical forms derived from the universe clock-rate and 2 dimensionless physical constants (AI podcasts &lt;ref&gt;https://codingthecosmos.com/podcast/ Gemini generated podcast summaries&lt;/ref&gt;).
* [[Electron_(mathematical)]]: Mathematical electron from Planck units
* [[Planck_units_(geometrical)]]: Planck units as geometrical forms
* [[Physical_constant_(anomaly)]]: Anomalies in the physical constants 
* [[Quantum_gravity_(Planck)]]: Gravity at the Planck scale 
* [[Fine-structure_constant_(spiral)]]:  Quantization via pi 
* [[Relativity_(Planck)]]: 4-axis hypersphere as origin of motion
* [[Black-hole_(Planck)]]: CMB and Planck units
* [[Sqrt_Planck_momentum]]: Link between charge and mass


=== External links === 
* [[w:Simulation_hypothesis | The Simulation hypothesis]]
* [https://codingthecosmos.com/ Simulation hypothesis modeling at the Planck scale using geometrical objects] 


=== References === 
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Physics]]
[[Category:Philosophy of science| ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="6647" sha1="d2jsp4618r5rmi7eqk5ro1zfv8i032u" xml:space="preserve">'''Project: Computer modelling the mathematical-electron Programmer-God simulation-hypothesis'''

The [[w:simulation hypothesis |simulation hypothesis]] is the proposal that all of reality, including the Earth and the rest of the universe, could be an artificial simulation, such as a computer simulation. 

The commonly postulated [[w:Ancestor_simulation |ancestor simulation]] approach, which [[w:Nick Bostrom |Nick Bostrom]] called &quot;the simulation argument&quot;, argues for &quot;high-fidelity&quot; simulations of ancestral life that would be indistinguishable from reality to the simulated ancestor. However this simulation variant can be traced back to an 'organic base reality' (the original programmer ancestors and their physical planet). 

The Programmer God hypothesis conversely states that a (deep universe) simulation began with the big bang and was programmed by an external intelligence (external to the physical universe), the Programmer by definition a God in the creator of the universe context. Our universe in its entirety, down to the smallest detail, and including life-forms, is within the simulation, the Laws of Nature, at their most fundamental level, are coded rules running on top of the simulation Operating System. Discussed here is the Mathematical Electron simulation hypothesis model.


====Objective====
To determine the feasibility of the Programmer God Simulation Hypothesis using dimensionless geometries at the Planck scale. Notably, any candidate for a Programmer-God simulation-universe source code must satisfy these conditions;
:1. It can generate physical structures from mathematical forms.
:2. The sum universe is dimensionless (simply data on a celestial hard disk).
:3. We must be able to use it to derive the laws of physics (because the source code is the origin of the laws of nature, and the laws of physics are our observations of the laws of nature).
:4. The mathematical logic must be unknown to us (the Programmer is a non-human intelligence).
:5. The coding should have an 'elegance' commensurate with the Programmer's level of skill.


====Mathematical Electron====
This is a geometrical model of the universe based on the formula for the electron (as a mathematical particle). It operates at the Planck scale and requires 2 physical constants, the [[w:fine structure constant |fine structure constant alpha]] and [[v:Planck_units_(geometrical)#Omega |Omega]] (although Omega has a possible solution from 2 mathematical constants [[w:pi |pi]] and [[w:E_(mathematical_constant) |e]]). 

The model also uses integers (from an expanding universe), although the integers may also have geometrical origins ([[v:Black-hole_(Planck)#Spiral_expansion |spiral expansion]]), and as both ''pi'' and ''e'' can be derived from integers in series, this universe model may require only 1 fundamental constant (alpha). This alpha appears to form a particle 'super-structure' on top of the Planck unit 'scaffolding'.

Omega and pi form the Planck units (mass, length, time) and along with alpha forming particles and charge (ampere).

To switch between dimensioned constants and dimensionless geometries, the model first reduces the 4 SI units (kg, m, s, A) to 2 units, and these can then be cancelled; units = 1 (and vice versa). The sqrt of momentum is offered as the link between the charge domain and the mass domain.

The electron is a geometrical formula that embeds the Planck units as well as the information required to form the dimensioned electron parameters. And so although these parameters are dimensioned, the electron itself is not.

The universe is a 4-axis hypersphere expanding at the speed of light in discrete Planck unit steps thus forming a dual structure with the observed (particle) universe (of relative motion) on the surface of the hypersphere. Relativity formulas translate between these 2 structures. The expansion is the origin of all motion (pulling particles with it), particle do not have independent motion of their own.

Forces are replaced by a network of particle-particle orbital pairing. Each orbital pair rotates per unit of Planck time, gravitational orbits between macro-objects emerge over time from these Planck scale rotations.

Particles are not fixed entities but repeating oscillations spread over time between an electric wave-state and a mass point-state. Particles do not exist at unit Planck time (likewise therefore quantum states cannot be considered at the Planck scale).

Electron transition between atomic orbitals is treated semi-classically as a gravitational orbit, the electron following a spiral path between orbitals, quantization occurring naturally as a function of pi along the spiral path. The point-state Bohr model emerges from this gravitational spiral, thus the transition itself combines the gravitational Bohr model with the electric wave-state Schrodinger equation, the 2 are therefore complementary, each representing a different particle state.


AI generated podcast summary of the model https://codingthecosmos.com/#podcast-summary


====Sections====
* [[God (programmer)]]: An introduction to the model (overview of a Planck scale universe)


* [[Planck_units_(geometrical)]]: Planck units as geometrical forms


* [[Electron_(mathematical)]]: Formula for a geometrical electron 


* [[Physical_constant_(anomaly)]]: Anomalies in the physical constants as evidence of a Simulation Universe


* [[Quantum_gravity_(Planck)]]: Replaces gravitational force with rotating particle-particle orbital pairs


* [[Fine-structure_constant_(spiral)]]: Quantum n-levels in the H atom emerge from the geometry of pi


* [[Relativity_(Planck)]]: A 4-axis hypersphere universe to derive motion and relativity


* [[Black-hole_(Planck)]]: Compares ΛCDM CMB with the Planck unit hypersphere CMB


====External links====
* [https://codingthecosmos.com/ Reference site for source material...]
* [http://www.simulation-argument.com/ Simulation Argument] -Nick Bostrom's website
* [https://www.amazon.com/Our-Mathematical-Universe-Ultimate-Reality/dp/0307599809 Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality] -Max Tegmark (Book)
* [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0133093/ The Matrix, (1999)]
* [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pythagoras/ Pythagoras &quot;all is number&quot;] - Stanford University
* [[w:Simulation Hypothesis | Simulation Hypothesis]]
* [[w:Mathematical universe hypothesis | Mathematical universe hypothesis]]
* [[w:Philosophy of mathematics | Philosophy of mathematics]]
* [[w:Philosophy of physics | Philosophy of physics]]
* [[w:Platonism | Platonism]]


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      <text bytes="8300" sha1="5rxfuuo80p5dubyo1apq7opa11j7kkp" xml:space="preserve">'''Simulation universe modelling at the Planck scale'''

The [[w:simulation hypothesis |simulation hypothesis]] is the proposal that reality could be an artificial simulation, such as a computer simulation. 

The commonly postulated [[w:Ancestor_simulation |ancestor simulation]] approach, which [[w:Nick Bostrom |Nick Bostrom]] called &quot;the simulation argument&quot;, argues for &quot;high-fidelity&quot; simulations of ancestral life that would be indistinguishable from reality to the simulated ancestor. However this simulation variant can be traced back to an 'organic base reality' (the original programmer ancestors and their physical planet). 

The Programmer God hypothesis conversely states that a (deep universe) simulation began with the big bang and was programmed by an external intelligence (external to the physical universe), the Programmer by definition a God in the creator of the universe context. Our universe in its entirety, down to the smallest detail, and including life-forms, is within the simulation, the Laws of Nature, at their most fundamental level, are coded rules running on top of the simulation Operating System. 

The &quot;high-fidelity&quot; simulation requires only that the observable region of space be simulated (as with computer games), conversely the theoretically observable region of a deep-universe simulation would extend to the [[w:Planck_units |Planck scale]] (beyond this scale the Laws of Physics break down).


====Limitations====
Any candidate for a Programmer-God source code must satisfy these conditions;
# It can generate physical structures from mathematical forms.
# The sum universe is dimensionless (simply data on a celestial hard disk).
# We must be able to use it to derive the laws of physics (it is the origin of the laws of nature).
# The mathematical logic must be unknown to us (the Programmer is a non-human intelligence).
# The coding should demonstrate an 'elegance' commensurate with the Programmer's level of skill.


====Mathematical Electron====
The Mathematical Electron model is a working example of what Planck scale simulation hypothesis coding might resemble.

=====Summary=====
*The Mathematical Electron is a geometrical model of the universe based on the formula for the electron. It operates at the Planck scale and requires 2 dimensionless physical constants, the [[w:fine structure constant |fine structure constant alpha α]] and [[v:Planck_units_(geometrical)#Omega |Omega Ω]] (although Omega has a possible solution from 2 mathematical constants [[w:pi |pi]] and [[w:E_(mathematical_constant) |e]]). 

*The model also uses integers (from an expanding universe), although notably the integers may also have geometrical origins ([[v:Black-hole_(Planck)#Spiral_expansion |spiral expansion]]), and as both ''pi'' and ''e'' can be derived from integers in series, this universe model may be reducible to only 1 fundamental constant (alpha). 

*The sqrt of momentum P is used to the link the charge and mass domains.

*Omega and pi together form the principal Planck units (mass M=1, time T=π, P=Ω) as basic geometrical objects, and along with alpha form particles (and charge A) as complex geometrical objects (constructs of the underlying Planck objects). The function (mass, length, time, charge ...) is built into the geometry of the object, the geometry for time (T=π) dictates the function of time and so forth.

*The SI units have a unit relationship that links them (''kg'' ⇔ 15, ''m'' ⇔ -13, ''s'' ⇔ -30, ''A'' ⇔ 3 ...). To switch between dimensioned constants and dimensionless geometries, the model first reduces the 4 SI units (kg, m, s, A) to 2 scalar units according to this unit relationship, and these can then be cancelled; units = 1 (and vice versa). Thus dimensioned forms can be built into dimensionless objects (the electron as example).

*The electron is a dimensionless geometrical formula that embeds the Planck objects as well as the information required to form the electron parameters. And so although these electron parameters are dimensioned, the electron itself is not. The electron is a mathematical particle, not a physical particle.

*The universe is a 4-axis hypersphere expanding at the speed of light in discrete Planck unit steps, thus forming a dual structure with the observed (particle) 3D universe (of relative motion) on the surface of the hypersphere. The expansion is the origin of all motion (pulling particles with it), particles do not have independent motion of their own, instead all particles and objects are travelling at, and only at, the speed of light (the velocity of expansion). In the hypersphere time and velocity are constants. Lacking a mass state, photons are not pulled along by the expansion but instead travel laterally across 3D space, and as information is exchanged by photons, this hypersphere expansion is not directly observed. Relativity formulas thereby translate between the hypersphere and 3D co-ordinate systems. 

*Forces are replaced by a network of particle-particle orbital pairing. Each orbital pair rotates 1 unit of Planck length per unit of Planck time in hypersphere space, gravitational orbits between macro-objects emerge over time from these rotations at the Planck scale.

*Particles are not fixed entities but repeating oscillations (duration = particle frequency) between an electric wave-state and a mass point-state (mass is not a constant property). As time is 1 of the dimensions of the particle, particles therefore do not exist at unit Planck time (likewise therefore quantum states cannot be considered at the Planck scale).

*Electron transition between atomic orbitals is treated semi-classically as a gravitational orbit, the electron following a spiral path between orbitals, quantization (n-levels; n = 1, 2, 3 ...) appearing naturally at fixed intervals of pi (2π, 8/3π, 3π ...) along the spiral path. The Bohr model emerges from this gravitational spiral, thus the transition process itself combines the gravitational Bohr model with the electric wave-state Schrodinger equation. Bohr and Schrodinger are therefore complementary, each representing a different particle state (the model uses the 2 states, wave and point, instead of 2 forces). The supposed weakness of gravity is statistical rather than physical (at the Planck scale it is equivalent to the strong force).


Rather than following externally coded rules, this universe (model) is geometrically autonomous, the electron orbit of a proton for example derives from geometrical imperatives; the respective geometries of both particles.


=====Podcast=====
An AI generated podcast summary;   https://codingthecosmos.com/#podcast-summary


=====Sub-pages=====
* [[God (programmer)]]: An introduction to the model (overview of a Planck scale universe)

* [[Relativity_(Planck)]]: A 4-axis hypersphere universe to derive motion and relativity

* [[Black-hole_(Planck)]]: Compares ΛCDM CMB with the Planck unit hypersphere CMB
* [[Planck_units_(geometrical)]]: Planck units as geometrical forms

* [[Electron_(mathematical)]]: Formula for a geometrical electron 

* [[Physical_constant_(anomaly)]]: Anomalies in the physical constants as evidence of a Simulation Universe

* [[Quantum_gravity_(Planck)]]: Replaces gravitational force with rotating particle-particle orbital pairs

* [[Fine-structure_constant_(spiral)]]: Quantum n-levels in the H atom emerge from the geometry of pi


====External links====
* [https://codingthecosmos.com/ Reference site for Programmer God source material...]
* [http://www.simulation-argument.com/ Simulation Argument] -Nick Bostrom's website
* [https://www.amazon.com/Our-Mathematical-Universe-Ultimate-Reality/dp/0307599809 Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality] -Max Tegmark (Book)
* [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0133093/ The Matrix, (1999)]
* [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pythagoras/ Pythagoras &quot;all is number&quot;] - Stanford University
* [[w:Simulation Hypothesis | Simulation Hypothesis]]
* [[w:Mathematical universe hypothesis | Mathematical universe hypothesis]]
* [[w:Philosophy of mathematics | Philosophy of mathematics]]
* [[w:Philosophy of physics | Philosophy of physics]]
* [[w:Platonism | Platonism]]


[[Category: Physics]]
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      <text bytes="13822" sha1="fsxf706yge7n58bjwiepgjknt9uuv2f" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidebate}}

Is slavery good? NO. It was practiced by a variety of civilizations and some people thought it was good even in 20th century.

Disclaimer: The arguments for the motion do not represent the view of Wikiversity. Wikiversity editors do not assert that slavery is good, just, morally acceptable or that some people are slaves by nature. The purpose of this page is to examine arguments in a debate format, including arguments one disagrees with. me: I dont agree slavery 

Key distinctions and notions: slavery, serfdom, freedom, achievement, human rights, humaneness, viability, practicability, humans, human societies, animals, parasitism, food chain.

Limitations: the article does not yet cover all arguments found in [[W:Proslavery]].

== Slavery is BADDDD ==

=== Arguments for ===

* {{Argument for}} Slavery was practiced by great civilizations such as Egyptians, Ancient Greeks, Ancient Rome, ancient China, ancient Korea and ancient India. It enabled their achievements.
** {{Objection}} Slavery is unnecessary for the achievement of a nation. What constitutes an achievement, or at least a desired one, is subjective. For example, some argue high wealth is an achievement while others argue mere wealth accumulation is not an achievement or desired achievement for a nation. This also begs the question: are any of these nations truly great?
*** {{Objection}} The above objection states at least three different arguments, and per the debate format, they should be separate objections.
*** {{Objection}} The first sentence is too vague or general, giving no time period for the sake of analysis.
*** {{Objection}} The last sentence is a question yet questions are usually not a form of argument but rather a form of leading a discussion.
*** {{Objection}} The objection contradicts itself by first using the word &quot;achievement&quot; without any challenge, implying the speaker understands what is meant by &quot;the achievement of a nation&quot;, yet then we learn that achievement is ''subjective'', which casts doubt on the use of the definite article in &quot;the achievement of a nation&quot;.
** {{Objection}} That seems to assume that achievement is a justification for violation of human rights. If we assume so, we may allow medical experiments on prisoners or on selected races to increase human achievement and possibilities. That does not seem acceptable.
** {{Objection}} It is not clear why similar feats could not be achieved by serfdom. At the very least, the master should not have the right to kill their slaves.
** {{Comment}} Slavery did not end in Antiquity, it only changed form and name. Slaves became workers. Slaves worked for roof, food, clothes and medical treatment; workers work for salary barely sufficient for roof, food, clothes and medical treatment. Slavery is bad but inevitable in any civilized society
*** {{Objection}} For the sake of this discussion, we use words in a strict, non-metaphorical sense. Industrial workers are not slaves, by definition, no matter how bad conditions they are exposed to.
* {{Argument for}} Expanding on the above, slavery enabled Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Without slavery, we would not have this great philosophy.
** {{Objection}} See the objections above.
* {{Argument for}} Slavery was practiced by a wide range of societies, high-achieving and low-achieving. See the linked Britannica article. It is a near-universal human practice. It is therefore unlikely to be bad.
** {{Objection}} The same is true of war, yet we hope to achieve a world free from war or at least one where there are much fewer wars. We hope to achieve moral progress, to move beyond morally and instrumentally bad past practices whether near-universal or not.
* {{Argument for}} Slavery is found not only in humans but also in [[W:slave-making ant]]s. It is a natural phenomenon, a good move discovered by natural selection. It cannot be bad.
** {{Objection}} That assumes that features or relationships discovered by natural selection are good and in particular morally good. It would follow that parasitism is good since it is a phenomenon widely found in biological nature. That does not seem acceptable.
*** {{Objection}} Parasitism is not within a single species. When we analyze things between species, humans eat plants, one organism destroying another organism to take advantage of it. Such a relationship is unavoidable for humans.
*** {{Objection}} An analog of parasitism in human world is hard to avoid. Thus, large employers take advantage of their workers by giving them lower wages than a true many-many labor market would produce. A society of genuine equals is impossible.
** {{Objection}} War was discovered by natural selection. We do not accept aggressive war as good.
** {{Objection}} The above ignores the is-ought problem. The fact that slavery was widely practiced, whether by humans or ants, does not automatically make it ''morally good'', something that ''ought'' to be practiced.
* {{Argument for}} Black people have not genetically evolved in the conditions of civilization, unlike the white races or the Chinese. Black people will have greater tendency to violence. The greater performance of black people in sports is in line with that: sports have much more to do with the requirements of primitive life in Africa than in the civilized life in Europe.
** {{Objection}} The above speculation requires a solid proof, and none is available. It has to be proven that blacks have a greater tendency to violence. If that is proven, it has to be proven that slavery provides better conditions for dealing with the tendency to violence than both serfdom and freedom for the blacks. If it is proven that serfdom is insufficient, there is still a range of options of limiting freedom of blacks that violates their dignity but does not reduce them to slaves: for instance, there could be a law that makes it easier for police to stop blacks and investigate them. This is not to say that it would be a good law; it is to avoid false dichotomies. Since, the space of non-slavery is rich, and includes serfdom and various hard to overview options for limited freedoms. The idea that the right of the master to kill the slave and the right to sell the slave as property are requirements for handling putative problems seems particularly badly justified.
* {{Argument for}} Some people are slaves by nature, and their enslavement serves their best interests. In particular, some people are related to other people like body is to soul or like animals are to humans. Thus, in some people the principles of bodiness (muscularity as opposed to intellectuality) and animality dominate, and these are the kinds of people who are slaves by nature.
** {{Objection}} That would assume that whole ethnics or nations are somehow more body-oriented or more like animals than humans. That is so since the actual practices of slavery were based on ethnicity, in part for ease of administration. That assumption seems implausible.
** {{Objection}} That would assume that it is in the best interest of a slave to be threatened with killing by their master. That seems implausible. At a minimum, serfdom would be more adequate.
** {{Objection}} Plato's learned slaves did not seem to be dominated by masculinity. Slaves could be used for purposes related to muscle as well as dexterity and the mind. Thus, the above is implausible.
** {{Objection}} Enslavement is a result of a combination of force with disregard for human rights, not a result of proper application of the mind. The principles of animality and muscularity are found in the enslavers, and are found in their act of enslaving someone else. It does not take a genius to be an enslaver.
*** {{Objection}} Perhaps it takes a military genius.
**** {{Objection}} It might. But many of the enslavers are not military leaders but soldiers. A group of people dominated by the concerns of the mind such as learning and acquisition of knowledge cannot on their own enslave another nation.
* {{Argument for}} Since the Old Testament condones slavery, slavery cannot be bad.
** {{Objection}} Since morality is entirely subjective, the concept of slavery can be neither good nor bad, objectively.
** {{Objection}} That assumes the Old Testament is good.
** {{Objection}} That assumes the Old Testament is a word of God rather than fiction created by a fairly backwards culture.
** {{Objection}} Old Testament was amended by New Testament. The amendment is clear in Jesus doctrine of forgiveness, in contrast to the old eye for eye. Thus, Old Testament should not be taken to be the final word by God but rather a first draft.
*** {{Objection}} If we are Jews, Old Testament is the final word.
**** {{Objection}} Old Testament is an incoherent jumble of contradictions anyway, so anything can be derived from it, whether support for slavery or opposition to slavery. It has no force, and no place in an honest philosophical examination of merits and demerits of slavery.
* {{Argument for}} While not all slavery is good, voluntary slavery is: people should be able to sell themselves as slaves. Prohibiting them from doing so is a violation of Mill's harm principle. See also [[Should Mill's harm principle be accepted?]]
** {{Objection}} That may be an argument for accepting Mill's principle only in a limited form. There is a paradox: by taking some freedoms of people away, we greatly increase their ''effective'' freedom, or in any case their negotiating power. Negotiation power can be greatly increased by losing options, a classic example being two drivers playing a game of driving against each other and the one who turns away loses. In that game, a driver who throws away the steering wheel first wins, by forcing themselves to not turn away and the other party turns away to avoid death. If we accept that people should be free to give up their fundamental rights in exchange for money, we will accept development of a wide range of undesirable social phenomena resulting from desperate people accepting otherwise unacceptable deals. Thus, people may undergo dangerous medical experiments for money (they only harm themselves), prostitutes can function (they only harm themselves), people should be able to sell their arm as a spare part for the rich (they only harm themselves) or sell one of pair organs such as kidneys. The space is rich, and seems generally unacceptable. It follows we need a restricted form of Mill's principle, and one of the restrictions is that fundamental human rights are not for sale.
*** {{Objection}} Good point. However, in a non-disclosure agreement, the fundamental human right of free speech is sold.
**** {{Objection}} Good point. However, what it means is that we may need a more differentiated approach; the general principle stands. The right not to be a slave is probably much deeper human right than the right of free speech, especially since free speech is in fact limited to some extent, e.g. as for libel.
***** {{Objection}} One could argue that all libel laws should be abolished as doing more harm than good, but that would be for a separate discussion.
**** {{Objection}} That may be an indictment of non-disclosure agreements: perhaps they should be banned. That would not only increase human rights but also prevent a range of undesirable business practices. But that would be for a separate discussion.

=== Arguments against ===

* {{Argument against}} All people were made by God to be equal.
** {{Objection}} This is a straight up opinion. While it is just and reasonable to deem all humans as being of inherent equal value, to claim that this equality was enacted by a deity is objectionable because not everyone is adherent to a deistic faith.
** {{Objection}} Probably not by the Christian God since otherwise the Christian holy texts would not condone or tolerate slavery.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery violates basic human rights.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery goes beyond serfdom in unreasonable and inhumane ways, e.g. by allowing the master to kill the slave. All that slavery promises to do can be achieved with serfdom, which is much more humane.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery goes beyond the social institute of people dependent on work for livelihood, whether peasants, industrial workers or working intelligence. All that slavery promises to do can be achieved by freedom.
** {{Objection}} That seems improbable given that so many great civilizations depend on slavery.
** {{Objection}} That may be true in the technological conditions of enlightenment Europe, but it is not clear it was true in the technological conditions of ancient civilizations.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery, due to how cheap these human resources are, hinders the adoption of more technological methods of production or automation where the need for human labor gets reduced and humans have more time for other things such as labor that can't be automated or having a higher well-being.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery greatly harms the well-being of those enslaved.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery is unfair to the worker who is oppressed.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery is often used for purposes that make little sense and limits the say that laborers have in what the economics produce and provide.

== Further reading ==
* [[W:Proslavery]]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/ethics/justifications.shtml Attempts to justify slavery], BBC
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/ethics/philosophers_1.shtml Philosophers justifying slavery], BBC
* [https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/overview-some-proslavery-arguments An Overview of Some Proslavery Arguments], libertarianism.org
* [https://www.britannica.com/topic/slavery-sociology/Historical-survey slavery - Historical survey], britannica.com

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      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/152.157.130.171|152.157.130.171]] ([[User_talk:152.157.130.171|talk]]) to last version by [[User:Prototyperspective|Prototyperspective]] using [[Wikiversity:Rollback|rollback]]</comment>
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Is slavery good? It was practiced by a variety of civilizations and some people thought it was good even in 20th century.

Disclaimer: The arguments for the motion do not represent the view of Wikiversity. Wikiversity editors do not assert that slavery is good, just, morally acceptable or that some people are slaves by nature. The purpose of this page is to examine arguments in a debate format, including arguments one disagrees with.

Key distinctions and notions: slavery, serfdom, freedom, achievement, human rights, humaneness, viability, practicability, humans, human societies, animals, parasitism, food chain.

Limitations: the article does not yet cover all arguments found in [[W:Proslavery]].

== Slavery is good ==

=== Arguments for ===

* {{Argument for}} Slavery was practiced by great civilizations such as Egyptians, Ancient Greeks, Ancient Rome, ancient China, ancient Korea and ancient India. It enabled their achievements.
** {{Objection}} Slavery is unnecessary for the achievement of a nation. What constitutes an achievement, or at least a desired one, is subjective. For example, some argue high wealth is an achievement while others argue mere wealth accumulation is not an achievement or desired achievement for a nation. This also begs the question: are any of these nations truly great?
*** {{Objection}} The above objection states at least three different arguments, and per the debate format, they should be separate objections.
*** {{Objection}} The first sentence is too vague or general, giving no time period for the sake of analysis.
*** {{Objection}} The last sentence is a question yet questions are usually not a form of argument but rather a form of leading a discussion.
*** {{Objection}} The objection contradicts itself by first using the word &quot;achievement&quot; without any challenge, implying the speaker understands what is meant by &quot;the achievement of a nation&quot;, yet then we learn that achievement is ''subjective'', which casts doubt on the use of the definite article in &quot;the achievement of a nation&quot;.
** {{Objection}} That seems to assume that achievement is a justification for violation of human rights. If we assume so, we may allow medical experiments on prisoners or on selected races to increase human achievement and possibilities. That does not seem acceptable.
** {{Objection}} It is not clear why similar feats could not be achieved by serfdom. At the very least, the master should not have the right to kill their slaves.
** {{Comment}} Slavery did not end in Antiquity, it only changed form and name. Slaves became workers. Slaves worked for roof, food, clothes and medical treatment; workers work for salary barely sufficient for roof, food, clothes and medical treatment. Slavery is bad but inevitable in any civilized society
*** {{Objection}} For the sake of this discussion, we use words in a strict, non-metaphorical sense. Industrial workers are not slaves, by definition, no matter how bad conditions they are exposed to.
* {{Argument for}} Expanding on the above, slavery enabled Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. Without slavery, we would not have this great philosophy.
** {{Objection}} See the objections above.
* {{Argument for}} Slavery was practiced by a wide range of societies, high-achieving and low-achieving. See the linked Britannica article. It is a near-universal human practice. It is therefore unlikely to be bad.
** {{Objection}} The same is true of war, yet we hope to achieve a world free from war or at least one where there are much fewer wars. We hope to achieve moral progress, to move beyond morally and instrumentally bad past practices whether near-universal or not.
* {{Argument for}} Slavery is found not only in humans but also in [[W:slave-making ant]]s. It is a natural phenomenon, a good move discovered by natural selection. It cannot be bad.
** {{Objection}} That assumes that features or relationships discovered by natural selection are good and in particular morally good. It would follow that parasitism is good since it is a phenomenon widely found in biological nature. That does not seem acceptable.
*** {{Objection}} Parasitism is not within a single species. When we analyze things between species, humans eat plants, one organism destroying another organism to take advantage of it. Such a relationship is unavoidable for humans.
*** {{Objection}} An analog of parasitism in human world is hard to avoid. Thus, large employers take advantage of their workers by giving them lower wages than a true many-many labor market would produce. A society of genuine equals is impossible.
** {{Objection}} War was discovered by natural selection. We do not accept aggressive war as good.
** {{Objection}} The above ignores the is-ought problem. The fact that slavery was widely practiced, whether by humans or ants, does not automatically make it ''morally good'', something that ''ought'' to be practiced.
* {{Argument for}} Black people have not genetically evolved in the conditions of civilization, unlike the white races or the Chinese. Black people will have greater tendency to violence. The greater performance of black people in sports is in line with that: sports have much more to do with the requirements of primitive life in Africa than in the civilized life in Europe.
** {{Objection}} The above speculation requires a solid proof, and none is available. It has to be proven that blacks have a greater tendency to violence. If that is proven, it has to be proven that slavery provides better conditions for dealing with the tendency to violence than both serfdom and freedom for the blacks. If it is proven that serfdom is insufficient, there is still a range of options of limiting freedom of blacks that violates their dignity but does not reduce them to slaves: for instance, there could be a law that makes it easier for police to stop blacks and investigate them. This is not to say that it would be a good law; it is to avoid false dichotomies. Since, the space of non-slavery is rich, and includes serfdom and various hard to overview options for limited freedoms. The idea that the right of the master to kill the slave and the right to sell the slave as property are requirements for handling putative problems seems particularly badly justified.
* {{Argument for}} Some people are slaves by nature, and their enslavement serves their best interests. In particular, some people are related to other people like body is to soul or like animals are to humans. Thus, in some people the principles of bodiness (muscularity as opposed to intellectuality) and animality dominate, and these are the kinds of people who are slaves by nature.
** {{Objection}} That would assume that whole ethnics or nations are somehow more body-oriented or more like animals than humans. That is so since the actual practices of slavery were based on ethnicity, in part for ease of administration. That assumption seems implausible.
** {{Objection}} That would assume that it is in the best interest of a slave to be threatened with killing by their master. That seems implausible. At a minimum, serfdom would be more adequate.
** {{Objection}} Plato's learned slaves did not seem to be dominated by masculinity. Slaves could be used for purposes related to muscle as well as dexterity and the mind. Thus, the above is implausible.
** {{Objection}} Enslavement is a result of a combination of force with disregard for human rights, not a result of proper application of the mind. The principles of animality and muscularity are found in the enslavers, and are found in their act of enslaving someone else. It does not take a genius to be an enslaver.
*** {{Objection}} Perhaps it takes a military genius.
**** {{Objection}} It might. But many of the enslavers are not military leaders but soldiers. A group of people dominated by the concerns of the mind such as learning and acquisition of knowledge cannot on their own enslave another nation.
* {{Argument for}} Since the Old Testament condones slavery, slavery cannot be bad.
** {{Objection}} Since morality is entirely subjective, the concept of slavery can be neither good nor bad, objectively.
** {{Objection}} That assumes the Old Testament is good.
** {{Objection}} That assumes the Old Testament is a word of God rather than fiction created by a fairly backwards culture.
** {{Objection}} Old Testament was amended by New Testament. The amendment is clear in Jesus doctrine of forgiveness, in contrast to the old eye for eye. Thus, Old Testament should not be taken to be the final word by God but rather a first draft.
*** {{Objection}} If we are Jews, Old Testament is the final word.
**** {{Objection}} Old Testament is an incoherent jumble of contradictions anyway, so anything can be derived from it, whether support for slavery or opposition to slavery. It has no force, and no place in an honest philosophical examination of merits and demerits of slavery.
* {{Argument for}} While not all slavery is good, voluntary slavery is: people should be able to sell themselves as slaves. Prohibiting them from doing so is a violation of Mill's harm principle. See also [[Should Mill's harm principle be accepted?]]
** {{Objection}} That may be an argument for accepting Mill's principle only in a limited form. There is a paradox: by taking some freedoms of people away, we greatly increase their ''effective'' freedom, or in any case their negotiating power. Negotiation power can be greatly increased by losing options, a classic example being two drivers playing a game of driving against each other and the one who turns away loses. In that game, a driver who throws away the steering wheel first wins, by forcing themselves to not turn away and the other party turns away to avoid death. If we accept that people should be free to give up their fundamental rights in exchange for money, we will accept development of a wide range of undesirable social phenomena resulting from desperate people accepting otherwise unacceptable deals. Thus, people may undergo dangerous medical experiments for money (they only harm themselves), prostitutes can function (they only harm themselves), people should be able to sell their arm as a spare part for the rich (they only harm themselves) or sell one of pair organs such as kidneys. The space is rich, and seems generally unacceptable. It follows we need a restricted form of Mill's principle, and one of the restrictions is that fundamental human rights are not for sale.
*** {{Objection}} Good point. However, in a non-disclosure agreement, the fundamental human right of free speech is sold.
**** {{Objection}} Good point. However, what it means is that we may need a more differentiated approach; the general principle stands. The right not to be a slave is probably much deeper human right than the right of free speech, especially since free speech is in fact limited to some extent, e.g. as for libel.
***** {{Objection}} One could argue that all libel laws should be abolished as doing more harm than good, but that would be for a separate discussion.
**** {{Objection}} That may be an indictment of non-disclosure agreements: perhaps they should be banned. That would not only increase human rights but also prevent a range of undesirable business practices. But that would be for a separate discussion.

=== Arguments against ===

* {{Argument against}} All people were made by God to be equal.
** {{Objection}} This is a straight up opinion. While it is just and reasonable to deem all humans as being of inherent equal value, to claim that this equality was enacted by a deity is objectionable because not everyone is adherent to a deistic faith.
** {{Objection}} Probably not by the Christian God since otherwise the Christian holy texts would not condone or tolerate slavery.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery violates basic human rights.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery goes beyond serfdom in unreasonable and inhumane ways, e.g. by allowing the master to kill the slave. All that slavery promises to do can be achieved with serfdom, which is much more humane.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery goes beyond the social institute of people dependent on work for livelihood, whether peasants, industrial workers or working intelligence. All that slavery promises to do can be achieved by freedom.
** {{Objection}} That seems improbable given that so many great civilizations depend on slavery.
** {{Objection}} That may be true in the technological conditions of enlightenment Europe, but it is not clear it was true in the technological conditions of ancient civilizations.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery, due to how cheap these human resources are, hinders the adoption of more technological methods of production or automation where the need for human labor gets reduced and humans have more time for other things such as labor that can't be automated or having a higher well-being.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery greatly harms the well-being of those enslaved.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery is unfair to the worker who is oppressed.
* {{Argument against}} Slavery is often used for purposes that make little sense and limits the say that laborers have in what the economics produce and provide.

== Further reading ==
* [[W:Proslavery]]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/ethics/justifications.shtml Attempts to justify slavery], BBC
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/ethics/philosophers_1.shtml Philosophers justifying slavery], BBC
* [https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/overview-some-proslavery-arguments An Overview of Some Proslavery Arguments], libertarianism.org
* [https://www.britannica.com/topic/slavery-sociology/Historical-survey slavery - Historical survey], britannica.com

[[Category:Slavery]]
[[Category:History]]
[[Category:Ethics]]</text>
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    <title>WikiJournal Preprints/Practical applications of moisture sorption models for predicting the drying characteristics and shelf-life of malted and/or fermented FARO 44 rice plus soybean-based complementary foods</title>
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      <text bytes="128776" sha1="c8oxkyfcts61p4t5i3q47094hcp08ye" xml:space="preserve">{{Article info
| journal = WikiJournal of Science
| last1 = Anonymous until published
| orcid1 = 
| first1 = 
| et_al = &lt;!-- if there are &gt;9 authors, hyperlink to the list here --&gt;
| keywords = adsorption, desorption, storage, monolayer, multilayer, moisture
| license = CC-BY-SA 4.0 License and the GFDL
| abstract = Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine practical use of BET and GAB models for studying the drying characteristics and shelf-life of malted and/or fermented rice plus soybean based complementary foods as well as to employ double logarithmic polynomial (DLP) equation to generate statistical significance between the sorption data.  FARO 44 rice cultivar and soybean were obtained from the National Cereal Research Institute and Agric Seed Store House, respectively. Rice was processed into flours and further formulated with processed soybean flour, to provide 16% protein in each of the mixtures. The ratio of rice to soybean was calculated by the material balance equation and the experiment was a 2 x 2 completely randomized design. In this study, the equilibrium moisture contents of the formulated foods were determined gravimetrically at 20, 30, 40 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C. The data generated are subjected to a one-way analysis of variance and also modelled. The net isosteric heat showing the drying effect and the shelf-life of the formulated foods were predicted. The results of the study showed that the equilibrium moisture contents, GAB and BET monomolecular moisture contents, enthalpy values of monolayer, heat of sorption of multilayer, total surface area of solids, net isosteric heat of desorption and the shelf-life of the formulated products ranged from 0.20 to 30.60 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids, 2.244 to 7.676 (Mg) g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids, 2.284 to 4.612 (Mb) g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids, 40.947 to 64.752 kJ/mol, 31.419 to 42.246 kJ/mol, 80.24 to 162.02 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids, 0.449 to 14.200 kJ/mol and 1059 to 1992523 days, respectively. The sorption study agreed with BET and GAB models’ concepts. Isotherms were observed to be temperature dependent and also showed slight formation of hysteresis. The monolayer moisture values varied and also energy constants are temperature dependent. The r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and RMS values justified the sorption parameters. The non-fermented formulated rice-based products are more hygroscopic than the other samples. Also, the malted-fermented rice-based product exhibited the highest thermostable characteristics (limited changes in energy constants) than the other samples. Drastic reduction of shelf-life was observed with increase in temperatures, packaging permeability, type of package etc.  The isotherms within the BET region are essential for the shelf-life prediction of these products at simulated temperatures and relative humidity studied which are averages for the humid and dry regions and it reveals adequate storage stability (long-keeping) for these products. From this study, a well packaged dehydrated food product would permanently be stable in an appropriate storage environment.


'''Keywords''': '''adsorption, desorption, storage, monolayer, multilayer, moisture'''
}}

== Glossary ==
'''Adsorption''': to take in moisture or gas.

'''Complementary foods''': infants or babies’ foods which are often used to support babies’ breast feeding, usually at the age of six month until the child adopt solid foods. It can be given to invalid or an adult may also take it.  

'''Critical water activity''': water activity at which undesirable change occurs in foods or products, below critical water activity food is most stable and will have a very long shelf life or will not expire if stored properly.

'''Desorption''': to give out moisture or gas

'''Equilibrium moisture''': water or moisture in food that is at the state of balance or stability with the surrounding water vapour (relative humidity).

'''Fermentation'''; technology that utilizes the growth and metabolic activities of microorganisms for the transformation of food materials, most often break down of larger molecules to smaller ones

'''Hysteresis''': difference between adsorption and desorption

'''Isotherm''': moisture sorption curve on a graph. 

'''Malt''': germinated grain containing sufficient enzymes and modified-starch endosperm (maltose).

'''Malting:''' a controlled sprouting process of grain or germination of grain to yield malt.

'''Monolayer''': the first one moisture layer of food, also called monomolecular layer, which is made up of a non-reactive moisture because of high binding energy capacity

'''Multilayers''': many of the moisture layer that over-lay on top of monolayer, also called multimolecular layers.

'''Shelf life''': the time during which a product will maintain desired physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory stability as well as to comply with nutritional labelling.

'''Sorption''': either adsorption (absorption) or desorption or both

'''Water activity''': water intensity or potentials of food, it is the ratio of the vapor pressure of water in the solid to the vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature.

== Introduction ==

Moisture sorption isotherms (curves) describe the relationship between water activity and moisture content at a specified temperature &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Kiranoudis, C. T., Maroulis, Z. B, Tsami, E., Marinos-Kouris, D. (1993): Equilibrium moisture content and heat of desorption of some vegetables. J. Food Eng. 20, 55-74.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Vega-Ga´ lvez, A., Lemus-Mondaca, R., Fito I. P., Andres, A. (2007): Moisture sorption isotherms and isosteric heat of red bell pepper (var. Lamuyo). Food Sci. Technol. Int. 13 (4), 309 - 316. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/1082013207082530&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2012-09-30|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.29104/phi-aqualac/2012-v4-2|journal=Aqua-LAC|volume=4|issue=2|doi=10.29104/phi-aqualac/2012-v4-2|issn=1688-2873}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Sengev, I. A., Ariahu, C. C., Abu, J. O., Gernah, D. I. (2017): Moisture adsorption and thermodynamic properties of sorghum-based complementary foods. Int. J. Food Eng. Technol. 1 (1) 1 - 8. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.116448/j.ijfet.20170101.11&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; and is unique to every food. This means the desorption (drying) and adsorption (rehydration) properties of one particular food differs with one another. Traditional complementary foods such as ''ogi'' (''akamu''), ''agidi'', ''kunu'' (''koko''), ''kunun zaki'' etc and those of the new rice-based formulated food products have high moisture and can spoil easily if not dried after fermentation. Researchers in many parts of Africa have attempted to dry and convert some of them into instant food powders, which can be reconstituted with water as other conventional infant foods. Previously, we successfully produced instant ''Ogi'' powders &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Bristone, C. Chibuize, E. O., Badau, M H. and Katsala, L. H. (2016). Production of powdered maize ogi (indigenous complementary food) flours complemented with soybean and sorghum malt. Mayfeb J. Agric. Sci. 2016; 3: 1-14.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Bristone, C. and Jibrilla, A. (2017). Ogi (Nigerian rice based complementary food) from rice and bambara groundnut, Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, trade mark of International Book Market Service Ltd., member of Omniscriptum Publishing Group, 17 Meldrum Street, Beau Bassin, 71504, Mauritius, Pp. 1 - 42.&lt;/ref&gt;. Nonetheless, drying alone is not enough for food which is intended to be packaged, transported, marketed or kept in shops for sale without evaluating their sorption behaviours through which knowledge of their drying characteristics or storage stability under low or high temperatures and relative humidity could be ascertained. 

Water or moisture is recognized as being very important, if not critical to the stability of most products. Controlling of moisture within a product, by some method of drying or by chemically/structurally binding such as salting or sugaring has long been used by man for preservation. These do not only control microbial spoilage but also chemical and physical stability &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=MIYOSHI|first=Nori|last2=NISHI|first2=Toshikazu|last3=NONAKA|first3=Shigeo|date=1980|title=Two Cases of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.42.811|journal=Nishi Nihon Hifuka|volume=42|issue=5|pages=811–818|doi=10.2336/nishinihonhifu.42.811|issn=1880-4047}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/05084-7|title=Bamgbose, Ayo (b. 1932)|last=Ojo|first=A.|date=2006|publisher=Elsevier|pages=674–676}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Moisture content determination is essential in meeting product nutritional labelling regulations, specifying recipes and monitoring processes. However, moisture content alone is not a reliable predictor of engineering processes or microbiological as well as chemical responses such as oxidation, browning or deterioration etc. which occur in food during processing or storage &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;. Hence the search for the knowledge of moisture sorption study and the best-simplest model that could describe the process &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1995|editor-last=Zaman|editor-first=Khurshid|editor2-last=Atta-Ur-Rahman|editor3-last=Shekhani|editor3-first=Saleh|title=Yearbook of Asymmetric Synthesis 1991|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0235-3|doi=10.1007/978-94-011-0235-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Limitations of moisture content measurement as an indicator of safety and quality are attributed to differences in the intensity which water associates with other food components &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;. The water content of a safe product varies from one product to another. But using only moisture content alone, it will be impossible to know the available moisture in a product that would support process, reaction or microbial growth which may influences product quality and stability &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;.

Moisture sorption isotherms and the equations that describe these relationships are important for the solution of many engineering problems of foods &lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/ex.888|title=Exemplar Abstract for Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans (Toyosaki et al. 1996) Yamada et al. 2013, Gluconacetobacter sucrofermentans (Toyosaki et al. 1996) Cleenwerck et al. 2010, Acetobacter xylinus sucrofermentans corrig. Toyosaki et al. 1996 and Acetobacter xylinum sucrofermentans (sic) Toyosaki et al. 1996.|last=Parker|first=Charles Thomas|last2=Wigley|first2=Sarah|date=2003-01-01|website=The NamesforLife Abstracts|access-date=2023-08-16|last3=Garrity|first3=George M}}&lt;/ref&gt;. According to the authors and as reported earlier by Labuza ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Labuza, T. P., Mizrahi, S., Karel, M. (1972): Mathematical models for optimization of flexible film packaging of foods for storage. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 15, 150-155&lt;/ref&gt;, Rizvi &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Wirsing|first=Robert|last2=Korson|first2=J. Henry|last3=Rizvi|first3=Hasan-Askari|date=1995|title=Contemporary Problems of Pakistan.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2761299|journal=Pacific Affairs|volume=68|issue=4|pages=606|doi=10.2307/2761299|issn=0030-851X}}&lt;/ref&gt; and also Rockland and Stewart &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-591350-8.50005-x|title=Preface|last=Rockland|first=L.B.|last2=Stewart|first2=G.F.|date=1981|publisher=Elsevier|pages=xiii–xv}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Moisture sorption isotherms are useful thermodynamic tools for determining information about water and food substances and provide information to assess food processing operations such as drying, mixing, packaging and storage. Many researchers across the globe reported applications of moisture sorption isotherms. Aqua lab &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; reported that a moisture sorption isotherm is a powerful tool for predicting the shelf life of food. Moisture sorption isotherm can be used to find critical water activity values where changes such as caking, clumping, loss of texture occur etc. Similarly, it can monitor product responses to ingredient and formulation changes, estimation of accurate shelf life, creation of mixing models, performing of packaging calculations and obtain the monolayer moisture value where a product is most stable during storage. According to Akubor &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;Akubor, P. 1. (2017): Moisture sorption characteristics of locust bean pulp flour. Chem. Res. J. 2 (6), 8-16.&lt;/ref&gt;, moisture sorption isotherm is being used to investigate structural features of food (surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution, crystallinity). Such data are useful for selecting appropriate storage conditions and packaging systems that optimize or minimize retention of both sensory and nutritional qualities of food. Food sorption isotherms vary with different temperatures, processing methods and give insight into the food moisture binding energy.

The knowledge of moisture sorption isotherms is very important for the analysis and design of several transformation processes of foods (e.g., in drying). It is important for understanding the physicochemical changes involved in the production processes which can assist in calculating the driving force (potential) in many mass transfer operations as well as predict ingredients' behaviour upon mixing. Also, the appropriate packaging material for food stability during processing or upon storage &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. The malting and fermentation processes are important for bulk reduction of gruel and thereby increase nutrients density for infants. Also, for reducing the pH in food and increase its storage stability by mitigating microbiological proliferation and biochemical processes which favour food spoilage. Rice and soybean combination has been used by earlier researchers to formulate diets that would alleviate nutritional challenges &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;;&lt;ref&gt;Chinelo, O. E., Christopher, U. E., Chukwudi O. P., Anulika O. D. (2017): Evaluation of complementary foods from blends of roasted rice and soybean flours. Innovare J. Food Sci. 5, 20 – 24.&lt;/ref&gt;. Nowadays, rice among many other cereal grains is the most receiving global attention for human consumption&lt;ref&gt;Bristone, C., Ariahu, C. C., Ikya, J. K., Eke, M. O. (2021): Microbiological, essential dietary minerals and amino acids composition of malted and /or fermented FARO 44 rice plus soybean based complementary foods. Ann. Clin. Nutr. 4 (2), 1-12.&lt;/ref&gt;. FARO 44 rice among a series of rice varieties released in African sub-region has the most unique properties. These properties have satisfied both farmers’ and consumers’ preferences. High germination capacity, early maturity (110-120 days), optimum production capacity under low management, high yield (7 to 10 tonnes per hectare on a normal basis), high resistance to blast, pests and diseases etc. are farmers’ desired traits of FARO 44 rice. Consumers desired traits exhibited by FARO 44 rice include minimum breakages during milling as well as good cooking and adequate nutritional quality&lt;ref&gt;Udemezue, J. C., Agwu, A. E. (2018): Improved Rice Varieties, Production Technologies and Processing Constraints in Nigeria. Direct Res. J. Agric. and Food Sci. 6 (12), 360 - 373.&lt;/ref&gt;;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=O|first=Ebenehi|last2=TA|first2=Ahmed|date=2019-01-01|title=Perceived relevance of extension methods used to disseminate faro-44 rice variety to rice farmers in Kogi state, Nigeria|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26646064.2019.v1.i1a.4|journal=International Journal of Agriculture and Nutrition|volume=1|issue=1|pages=19–21|doi=10.33545/26646064.2019.v1.i1a.4|issn=2664-6064}}&lt;/ref&gt;;&lt;ref&gt;Idu, E. E., Onwumere, F. E., Haruna, L. Z., Irewa, I. I. (2021): Preference study of three varieties of rice among farmers in Kwali Area Council of Abuja, Nigeria. J. Agric. Food Environ. 8 (2), 58 - 64&lt;/ref&gt;. These sorption properties together with the improved rice cultivar and the formulated food products have not been investigated. Notwithstanding, there is paucity of sorption research that incorporate both the drying characteristics and the shelf-life study, especially as single product is affected by malting and/or fermentation.  
==Materials and Methods==

'''Sources of raw materials and preliminary handlings''' 

About 120 kg of FARO 44 was obtained from the National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Bida, Niger State. This was dry-cleaned and destoned using de-stoner (De-Stoner, Hunan Sunfied Machinery Co., Ltd, Model: TQS 320, China) as described by Danbaba ''et al.,'' &lt;ref&gt;Danbaba, N., Idakwo, P. Y., Kassum, A. L., Bristone, C., Bakare, S. O., Aliyu, U., Kolo, I. N., Abo, M. E., Mohammed, A., Abdulkadir, A. N., Nkama, I., Badau, M. H., Kabaraini, M. A., Shehu, H., Abosede, A. O., Danbaba, M. K. (2019): Rice postharvest technology in Nigeria: An overview of current status, constraints and potentials for sustainable development. OALibJ. 6: e5509. 1-22. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1105509&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;. Also, sixty-five (65 kg) kilogram of soybean (''Glycine max'') was procured from Agric Seed Store House, Gire market, Gire Local Government, Adamawa State. The soybean was sorted and washed with clean water. It was steeped, dried, toasted and de-husked as described by Iwe &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Iwe|first=Josephine I.|date=2003-09|title=Libraries and Information in Sustainable Rural Development in Nigeria|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666903193004|journal=Information Development|volume=19|issue=3|pages=169–177|doi=10.1177/0266666903193004|issn=0266-6669}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Badau ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;. The kernel was milled into flour in a hammer mill and let to pass through a 0.8 mm mesh size screen (Christy Hunt Agricultural Ltd, Foxhills Ind. Est Scunthorpe, Model DE DN15 8QW, South Humbers, England) as described by Badau ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;.                                                   

'''Malting and milling of rice'''

After cleaning, the paddy was divided into two equal lots. The first lot was malted while the second lot was left un-malted as described by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Chukwuma Ariahu|first=Charles|last2=Ukpabi|first2=Ucha|last3=Obinna Mbajunwa|first3=Kingsley|date=1999|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1008196725387|journal=Plant Foods for Human Nutrition|volume=54|issue=3|pages=207–216|doi=10.1023/a:1008196725387|issn=0921-9668}}&lt;/ref&gt; and Gernah ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Gernah, D. I., Ariahu, C. C., Umeh, E. U. (2012): Physical and microbiological evaluation of food formulation from malted and fermented maize (''Zea mays L.'') fortified with defatted sesame (''Sesamun indicum L.'') flour. Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol. 4 (3), 148-154&lt;/ref&gt;. Malting of paddy was carried out with slight modification. Paddy was washed twice with clean water. The cleaned paddy rice was steeped inside sufficient clean water to cover the surface of the grains completely. It was kept at 29 ± 2 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C with good air circulation for 24 hours. The steeping process was interrupted after every 6 hours by draining. An “air-rest” period of one hour each for every interruption was provided until the grain reached about 42% moisture content &lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1940-1_6|title=Which Hough?|last=Leavers|first=V. F.|date=1992|publisher=Springer London|isbn=978-3-540-19723-2|location=London|pages=113–135}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;Kabeir, B. M., Shuhaimi, M., Muhammad, K., Abd-Aziz, S., Yazid, A. M. (2004): A nutritious ''Medida'' (Sudanese cereal thin porridge) prepared by fermenting malted brown rice flour with ''Bifidobacterium longum'' BB 536. Malays. J. Nutr. 10 (2), 183-193.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;Owusu-Mensah, E., Oduro, I., Dziedzoave, N. T., Sarfo, K. J. (2014): Effect of air-rest treatment on rice malt. Plant Sci. Int. 1 (1), 41-46. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.12735/psi&lt;/nowiki&gt;.  v1n1p41&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;Adebowale, A. A., Sanni, S. A., Karim, O. R., Ojoawo, J. A. (2010): Malting characteristics of Ofada rice: chemical and sensory qualities of malt from Ofada rice grains.  Int. Food Res. J. 17, 83-88.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;Marconi, O., Sileoni, V., Ceccaroni, D., Perretti, G. (2017): The use of rice in brewing. Adv. Int. Rice Res. 49-65.  &lt;nowiki&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/66450&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;. The steeped paddy was then drained and wrapped in a wet jute bag to provide about 3 to 5 cm depth. FARO 44 grain was germinated for 43 hours at 29 ± 1 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (Figure 1). The short period of germination was timed and was done to counter technical difficulties during the de-husking of malted rice as experienced during pre-trials. After drying of germinated grains at 29 ± 2 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C under constant air circulations and turning of paddy for 48 hours, the germinated dried grains were polished by detaching the roots and rootlet &lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;. 

About 40 kg of cleaned and dried paddy for each lot was de-husked using a Greep Rice Mill (Model-MBLN-115, China). The malted and non-malted paddy were dried at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C in an air draft oven (air flow rate 140, Oven BS, Model OV-160, Gallen Kamp, England). After de-husking, the grains were finally dried again at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C in an air flow thermostat oven until constant weight was obtained &lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;Nielsen, S. S. (2010): Food analysis. 4&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition. Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, USA, pp. 3 - 586. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1478-1_1&lt;/nowiki&gt;. &lt;/ref&gt;. Then all the rice (malted and un-malted rice) was milled using a hammer miller and let to pass through a 0.8 mm sieve (Christy Hunt Agricultural Ltd, Foxhills Ind. Est Scunthorpe, Model DE DN15 8QW, South Humbers, England) as described by Badau ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;. 

'''Accelerated natural fermentation'''

The rice flours obtained from malted and non-malted paddy were each divided into two sub-lots. A sub-lot of each was subjected to accelerated natural fermentation as described by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. After fermentation, the pastes were spread on drying trays (Figure 1) and dried to constant weights in an air draft oven at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (Airflow safety thermostat oven with air flow rate 140, Oven BS, Model OV-160, Gallen Kamp, England) as reported by Nielsen &lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;. Finally, it was milled and let to pass through a 0.8 mm sieve, where each sub-lots yield malted-fermented rice (MFR), malted-non-fermented rice (MNFR), non-malted-fermented rice (NMFR) and non-malted-non fermented rice (NMNFR).
[[File:Plate 1. Food Processing.jpg|thumb|394x394px|Food Processing|left]]


'''Product formulation''' 

The product formulation aimed at obtaining 16 g protein of each test product. The various amounts were obtained by materials balance &lt;ref&gt;Rao, D. G. (2010): Fundamentals of food engineering, Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, M-97 Connaught Circus, New Delhi, pp. 23 - 29&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Eshun, G., Baffour, N. K., Ackah, P. Y. (2011): Nutrient content and sensory acceptability of a weaning diet formulated from mixtures of soybean, groundnut and rice. Afr. J. Food Sci. 5 (17), 870-877.&lt;/ref&gt; based on the proximate compositions of the food materials determined as described by AOAC &lt;ref&gt;AOAC (2006): Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Method of Analysis of the AOAC. W. Horwitz Editor, 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition, Washington D. C.&lt;/ref&gt;, and to comply with recommendations of the protein advisory group (PAG) as described by WFP &lt;ref&gt;WFP. (2021). Nutritional Guidance for Complementary Food.Retrieved from: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://docs.wfp.org&lt;/nowiki&gt; › api › documents › download (Accessed, 25&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; September, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt;. The flours at appropriate ratios were blended in a dry mixer, parked in self-sealing polythene bags and placed in dry and cleaned plastic containers which were stored on dry shelves. Four test products comprising non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean (NMNFRS), malted-non-fermented rice + soybean (MNFRS), non-malted-fermented rice + soybean (NMFRS) and malted-fermented rice + soybean (MFRS) were obtained. A 2 x 2 completely randomized experimental design was used as described by Gomez and Gomez &lt;ref&gt;Gomez, A. K., Gomez, A. A. (1983) Statistical procedure for Agric Res. 2&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; edition. John Willey, New York, pp. 7- 84, 187 - 240.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

'''Determination of equilibrium moisture contents'''

Equilibrium moisture contents were determined gravimetrically by placing the samples to an atmosphere of known relative humidity controlled by saturated sulphuric acid solutions prepared with concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80% in desiccators (Desiccators, Moncrieff, Parth, England). The prepared concentrations of sulphuric acid solutions at constant temperatures of 20, 30, 40 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C created an avenue for the calculated water activities &lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;Sahin, S., Sumnu, S. G. (2006): Physical Properties of Foods. Springer Science + Business Media, LLC., 233 Spring Street, New York, USA, pp. 1 - 248.

&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Gravimetrically, quadruplets samples of 0.5 g each were weighted with analytical balance (Mettler Toledo B144 College Precision Balance Max 151 G, Mettler Toledo, Model: B154. Switzerland) and were placed in a petri dish with a diameter of 3 cm in thermostatic incubators (Electrothermal Incubator, Searchtech Instrument, Model DNP-9032 and Gallenkamp Economy Incubator, Gallenkamp, Model 3A 4038, England) until equilibrium weight is established. When required for the desorption study, the dried sample was rewetted by sprinkling with 0.5 ml of distilled water using a hypodermic sterile syringe as described by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;Ariahu, C. C., Kaze, S. A., Chem, C. D. (2005): Moisture sorption characteristics of tropical fresh water crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). J. Food Eng. 75, 355-363.&lt;/ref&gt;. Samples were placed at constant temperature in an incubator and were weighted until a weight change of about &lt; ± 0.001 g was recorded on two consecutive weighs when the samples were assumed to be at equilibrium. The equilibrium moisture content of each sample was calculated as described by Diosady ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot;&gt;Diosady, L. L., Rizvi, S. S. H., Cal, W., Jagdeo, D. J. (1996): Moisture sorption isotherms of canola meals and application to packaging. J. Food Sci. 61 (1), 204-208.&lt;/ref&gt; and Sengev ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;. Equilibration using sulphuric acid concentration is fast (within 2 to 3 days). We have checked the weights of sorbates and found that two to three days equilibrations are not different from two weeks except if precautions are not taken when opening and closing of dictators. 

'''Modelling of sorption isotherms'''

The equilibrium moisture content generated were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using IBM SPSS statistics version 22 and mean values were separated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significant level &lt;ref&gt;Duncan, D. E. (1955): Multiple range and Multiple f-tests. Biometrics. 11, 1- 42.&lt;/ref&gt;. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) model, Guggenheim-Anderson and De Boer (GAB) model and double logarithmic polynomial (DLP) equations (equations 8, 9 and 14 respectively) were fitted into the equilibrium moisture data using non-linear regression methods (Decagon Devices Inc. MAT 2.0.11.0). Isosteric heat of sorption was determined by employing the use of Prism (GraphPad, Software Inc. version 8.2) and shelf-life study as described by Robertson &lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;Robertson, G. L. (2010). Food Packaging and Shelf Life. Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. Brisbane, Australia. Pp 1-16.&lt;/ref&gt;.

BET model sorption parameters of malted and/or fermented FARO 44 rice plus soybean-based complementary foods have been determined as described by Van den Berg &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot;&gt;Van den Berg C. (1981): Vapour sorption equilibria and other water starch interactions; a physico-chemical approach, PhD thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Department of Food Science, Wageningen, pp. 9 - 164.&lt;/ref&gt; and Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot;&gt;Rahman, S. (1995): Food properties handbook. CRC Press LLC, 2000 N, W. Corporate Blvd., Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 1 - 86.&lt;/ref&gt; using:              

&lt;math&gt; BET Emc= M_b C_b\boldsymbol{\alpha}/(1-\boldsymbol{\alpha})[1+(C_b-1)]\boldsymbol{\alpha}&lt;/math&gt;                      (8)     

Where:      

BET = Brunauer, Emmett and Teller; 

E&lt;sub&gt;mc&lt;/sub&gt; = Equilibrium moisture content (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids); 

M&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt; = BET monomolecular moisture content (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids); 

C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt; = Energy constant related to the net heat of sorption and

''a''&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt; = Water activity (dimensionless). 

GAB model was used to determine sorption parameters of malted and/or fermented FARO 44 rice plus soybean-based complementary foods as described by Van den Berg &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt;, Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; and Quirijns ''et al.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;Quirijns, E. J., Van Boxtel, A. J. B., Van Loon, W. K., Van Straten, G. (2005): Sorption isotherms, GAB parameters and isosteric heat of sorption. J. Sci. Food Agric. 85, 1805 - 1814. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2140&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; using: 

&lt;math&gt;GAB    Emc = M_gCk\alpha/\bigl(1-k\alpha\bigr)\bigl(1-k\alpha+Ck\alpha\bigr)&lt;/math&gt;                        (9)                          

Where: 

GAB = Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer; 

E&lt;sub&gt;mc&lt;/sub&gt; = Equilibrium moisture content in g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids; 

''a''&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;/sub&gt; = Water activity (dimensionless); 

M&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt; = GAB monomolecular moisture content (g/g, d.b.) in g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids; 

K = Constant in the range of less than 1 (i.e., &lt; 1) and 

C = Constant in the range of 1 to 2000. 

Both (C and K) are sorption constants which related to the energies of interaction between the first and the further sorb molecules at the individual sorption sites. The temperature dependence is included in the constants (C and K), such that:

&lt;math&gt;C =\exp  &lt;/math&gt; &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;q_1/q_m = C_0\exp   &lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigl(\vartriangle H_c\bigr)/RT\bigr)&lt;/math&gt;  = &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;C_0\exp   &lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigl(H_n - H_m\bigr)/RT\bigr)&lt;/math&gt;                (10)

&lt;math&gt;K = \exp q_L/q_m = K_0\exp   &lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\bigl(\vartriangle H_k\bigr)/RT\bigr)&lt;/math&gt;  = &lt;math&gt;K_0\exp \bigl(H_L- H_n\bigr)/RT\bigr)     &lt;/math&gt;               (11)

&lt;math&gt;\vartriangle H_c = H_n - H_m   &lt;/math&gt;                                                                                  (12)

&lt;math&gt;\vartriangle H_k = H_L - H_n  &lt;/math&gt;                                                                                 (13)

Where:                                                                    

∆H&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; = Difference in enthalpy between monomolecular and multi-molecular layer (kJ/mol);

∆H&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = Difference in enthalpy between bulk liquid and multi-molecular layer (kJ/mol);

H&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; = Molar sorption enthalpy of the monomolecular layer (kJ/mol);

H&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt; = Molar sorption enthalpy of the multi-molecular layer on top of the monomolecular layer (kJ/mol);

H&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; = Molar sorption enthalpy of the bulk liquid (kJ/mol);

T = Absolute temperature (K); 

R = Molar gas constant (0.008314 kJ/mol K);

q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = Partition function of molecule in monomolecular layer;

q&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; = Partition function of molecule in bulk liquid;

q&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; = Partition function of molecule in multi-molecular layer; and

C&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; and K&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; = Entropic accommodation factors.

A polynomial equation was also used to calculate sorption parameters of malted and/or fermented FARO 44 rice plus soybean-based complementary foods as reported by Bonner and Kenny &lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;&gt;Bonner, I. J., Kenney, K. L. (2013): Moisture sorption characteristics and modelling of energy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). J Stored Prod. Res. 52, 128-136. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2012.11.002&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; and Igbabul ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot;&gt;Igbabul, B. D., Ariahu, C. C., Umeh, E. U. (2013): Moisture adsorption isotherms of African arrowroot lily (''Tacca'' ''involucrata'') tuber mash as influenced by blanching and natural fermentation. J. Food Res. 2 (3), 79 - 92. &lt;nowiki&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n3p79&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; using:      

&lt;math&gt;DLP Emc  &lt;/math&gt;=&lt;math&gt;b_3 &lt;/math&gt;.&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;(-&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;(χ))&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;+&lt;math&gt;b_2 &lt;/math&gt;.&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;(-&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;(χ))&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;+&lt;math&gt;b_1 &lt;/math&gt;.&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;(-&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;(χ))+&lt;math&gt;b_0 &lt;/math&gt;        (14)

Where: 

DLP = Double log polynomial equation; 

E&lt;sub&gt;mc&lt;/sub&gt; = Moisture content in g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids;

b&lt;sub&gt;3,&lt;/sub&gt; b&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; b&lt;sub&gt;1,&lt;/sub&gt; b&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; = Isotherms model parameters (empirical constants); and 

χ = ln(-ln(aw)) or water activity.

The monolayer values obtained were used to calculate the total surface area of the sorbent &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:25&quot;&gt;Ariahu, C. C., Kaze, S. A., Chem, C. D. (2005): Moisture sorption characteristics of tropical fresh water crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). J. Food Eng. 75, 355-363.&lt;/ref&gt; using:

&lt;math&gt;S_0 &lt;/math&gt;=&lt;math&gt;\bigl( &lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;1 &lt;/math&gt;/&lt;math&gt;M_s &lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\bigr) &lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;N_0AM_0 &lt;/math&gt;                              (15)

Where:

S&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; =Apparent surface area of the sorbent (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids);

M&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt; =Relative molecular mass of water (18 g/g mol);

N&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; = Avogadro’s number (6.023 x 10&lt;sup&gt;23&lt;/sup&gt; molecules/mol);

A = Apparent surface area of one water molecule (1.05 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-19&lt;/sup&gt; m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;); and

M&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; = Monomolecular moisture content (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids).


The drying characteristic study employed the net isosteric heat of sorption.  An algorithm was employed using numerical precision created by the Prism which divide range into 1000-line segments &lt;ref&gt;Motulsky, H. J. (2021). GraphPad Curve Fitting Guide. Accessed 9 March 2021. &lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.graphpad.com/guides/prism/7/curve-fitting/index.htm&lt;/nowiki&gt;? reg_standard_errors_and_confidence.htm&lt;/ref&gt;. A linear standard curve was used and x minimum and maximum values (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12% moisture, also temperatures of 20, 30, 40 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) was considered for the computation. For sample NMNFRS at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, 2% moisture correspond to water activity of 0.159103890951915 etc. at 95% confidence interval. The water activity values obtained for all the samples were converted to natural logarithm values and plotted against temperatures employed (i.e., their respective reciprocal of absolute temperatures (1/T)) using linear regression analysis (Figure 4).

The heats of moisture adsorption and desorption of the formulated food products were determined from equilibrium sorption data using the Integrated Clausius–Clapeyron &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt; equation:                                     

&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\alpha_\omega &lt;/math&gt;=&lt;math&gt;C_s &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;  - Δ&lt;math&gt;H &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;st&lt;/sub&gt; / &lt;math&gt;R1/T &lt;/math&gt;                        (16)

Where:

ΔH&lt;sub&gt;st &lt;/sub&gt;= Net isosteric heat of sorption;

H&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = Isosteric heat of sorption (kJ/mol);

H&lt;sub&gt;v&lt;/sub&gt; = Latent heat of vaporization of pure water (kJ/mol);

T = Absolute temperature (&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C);

R = Molar gas constant (0.008314 kJ/mol &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C); and

C&lt;sub&gt;st&lt;/sub&gt;= Constant related to entropy of sorption (Note: ΔH&lt;sub&gt;st &lt;/sub&gt;= − R × slope).

           Net isosteric heat of sorption was plotted against moisture content of the formulated food products (Figure 5). 

           To predict the shelf life of the formulated food products, the water vapour permeability (water vapour permeance/film thickness) of the packaging materials was determined (predicted) using standard test methodology of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International, adopted and as described by Gaikwad &lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt; which employed Arrhenius type equation: 

&lt;math&gt;P &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;=&lt;math&gt;P &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1e&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;E &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigl(1 &lt;/math&gt;/&lt;math&gt;T &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;  - &lt;math&gt;1 &lt;/math&gt;/&lt;math&gt;T &lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\bigr) &lt;/math&gt;/&lt;math&gt;R &lt;/math&gt;                             (17)

Where:

E&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; = activation energy (kJ/mol); 

R = universal gas constant (0.008314 kJ/mol. k); 

T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = initial temperature (&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;K) of the initial packaging permeability P&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg); and

T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = predicting temperature (&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;K) predicting the packaging permeability P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg). 

Relative humidity was also taken into consideration using the least square fit. Hence, a working isotherm (straight line equation) derived from the isotherms of the formulated products was employed for predicting the shelf life of the formulated products as described by Sherma ''et al''. &lt;ref&gt;Sherma, S. K., Mulvaney, S. J. and Rizvi, S. S. (2000). Food Process Engineering: Theory and Laboratory Experiment, Wiley India, Pvt. Limited, Pp. 287 - 288.&lt;/ref&gt; and Robertson &lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt; using:

&lt;math&gt;M = Y + b_\alpha\omega &lt;/math&gt;                                                    (18)

Where:

b = slope, Y = intercept at water activity equal (α&lt;sub&gt;ω&lt;/sub&gt; = 0) to zero, which represent initial moisture content (M&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;) at a given water activity or relative humidity. The above straight-line equation was used to estimate the initial moisture content (M&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;), Critical moisture content (M&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;) and equilibrium moisture content (M&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt;) at their respective water activity. Hence, shelf life was predicted using:

&lt;math&gt;ln&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigl(M_e-M_i/M_e - M_c\bigr) = B/X  \times A/W_s \times P_0/b \times t_s &lt;/math&gt;             (19)

Where: 

B/χ = Water vapour permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of test packaging material;

A = surface area (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) of package;

M&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; = initial moisture content (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids);

M&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt; = equilibrium moisture content (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids) at specified storage relative humidity and temperature (from moisture sorption isotherm;

M&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; = critical moisture content (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids);

P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; = vapour pressure of pure water (mmHg) at storage temperature (from data book);

W&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt; = weight (g) of dry food material in package;

b = slope (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids) of straight line of moisture sorption isotherm within the BET region; and

t&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt; = time (days) to reach M&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; (on set of spoilage or storage life) at the specified conditions.

==Result and Discussion ==

====== '''Equilibrium moisture sorption of the formulated food products''' ======
The equilibrium moisture adsorption and desorption of malted and/or fermented FARO 44 rice plus soybean-based complementary foods at 20, 30, 40 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C are shown in Tables 1, 2, 3, 4 and respectively. The water activity of sulphuric acid solutions used as reported by Sahin and Samnu &lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;. 

Regardless of temperature change, the adsorption and desorption of moisture contents ranged from 0.20 to 29.25 and 0.30 to 30.60 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids respectively. The result of moisture sorption mostly showed a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) especially at higher than lower water activity. Those which did not vary significantly (p &gt; 0.05) most often differ by less than or equal to 0.0001 g of sorbate. The temperature dependency of the moisture sorption was observed to be evident. Equilibrium moisture contents decreased at lower water activity with increasing temperature (i.e., at 40 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C). This is in agreement with many sorption studies &lt;ref&gt;Palou, E., Lopez-Malo, A., Argaiz, A. (1997): Effect of temperature on the moisture sorption isotherms of some cookies and corn snacks. J. Food Eng. 31, 85-93.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot;&gt;Samapundo, S., Devlieghere, F., De Meulenaer, B., Atukwase, A., Lamboni, Y., Debevere, J. M. (2007): Sorption isotherms and isosteric heaths of sorption of whole yellow dent corn. J. Food Eng. 79, 168- 175.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot; /&gt; that equilibrium moisture content at constant water activity decreased as temperature increased. However, contrary to the results obtained at a higher water activity of about 0.8 to 0.9, because of sudden inversions; equilibrium moisture contents increased as temperature increased. It was earlier mentioned to occur as a result of changes in water binding, water dissociation or solubility of the solute. A similar trend was also reported to occur in many foods at a water activity of higher than 0.7 &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;. This was also observed on sorghum-based food products &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;. In addition, at a water activity of about 0.5 to 0.7, a sudden increase of equilibrium moisture contents throughout the sorption process was observed. This was in agreement with many reports and it may indicate the beginning of the capillary condensation region where water molecules tend to be free &lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot;&gt;Andrade, R. D. P., Lemus, R. M., Perez, C. E. C. (2011): Models of sorption isotherms for food: uses and limitations. VITAE. 18 (3), 325-334.&lt;/ref&gt;. A similar trend of a sharp increase of moisture, at about water activity beyond 0.6 and 0.7 &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;. In most cases, higher equilibrium moisture contents (more hygroscopic) were observed in sample NMNFRS and MNFRS than the other formulations. Also, higher moisture desorption than adsorption at the same water activity was observed throughout this study. A study by Mathlouthi &lt;ref name=&quot;:28&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Mathlouthi|first=M.|date=2001-07|title=Editorial|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(01)00140-6|journal=Food Chemistry|volume=74|issue=1|pages=97|doi=10.1016/s0308-8146(01)00140-6|issn=0308-8146}}&lt;/ref&gt; in a model food system within the water activity range of 0.32 – 0.93 caused degradation of vitamin C as a result of moisture differences between adsorption and desorption. Thus, constant moisture or water activity shifts in food as a result of temperature change would enhance food susceptibility to microbial or chemical degradation &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;.


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 1. Equilibrium moisture sorption (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g  solids) of the formulated food products at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C''' 
|-
|Water activity
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|
|
|Adsorption
|
|
|-
|0.0048
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|0.50&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.38
|1.30&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.35
|0.95&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.34
|-
|0.0422
|0.57&lt;sup&gt;cd&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|0.52&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.38
|1.35&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.35
|1.10&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.20
|-
|0.1573
|2.50&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.48
|4.90&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 2.56
|2.65&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.41
|3.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.50
|-
|0.3442
|4.35&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.87
|4.95&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 2.51
|3.85&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|3.85&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|-
|0.5599
|6.45&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.00
|7.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.64
|8.45&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.06
|7.40&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.95
|-
|0.7491
|11.50&lt;sup&gt;de&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.42
|12.65&lt;sup&gt;cd&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.45
|14.35&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.8
|14.15&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.55
|-
|0.8796
|17.15&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.82
|17.35&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.60
|17.90&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.77
|17.95&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 2.37
|-
|0.9558
|23.28&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.82
|24.90&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.66
|23.90&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.38
|25.00&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.97
|-
|
|
|Desorption
|
|
|-
|0.0048
|0.75&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|0.65&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.30
|1.35&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.30
|1.10&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.26
|-
|0.0422
|0.90&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.12
|0.95&lt;sup&gt;cd&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.41
|1.65&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.30
|1.50&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.20
|-
|0.1573
|3.10&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.48
|5.50&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 2.56
|3.25&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.41
|4.50&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.50
|-
|0.3442
|4.95&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.87
|5.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 2.45
|4.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|5.45&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.19
|-
|0.5599
|7.05&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.00
|8.05&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.64
|9.00&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.08
|8.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.95
|-
|0.7491
|12.10&lt;sup&gt;cd&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.42
|13.20&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.49
|14.75&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.55
|15.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.13
|-
|0.8796
|17.75&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.82
|17.95&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.60
|18.50&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.77
|18.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 2.39
|-
|0.9558
|23.90&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.77
|25.50&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.66
|24.50&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt; ± 0.38
|25.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; ± 1.97
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |''Mean values in a raw with common superscripts are  not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different. Each value is a mean ± SD of  quadruplicate determinations.''

NMNFRS:  Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice +  soybean, NMFRS: Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented  rice + soybean.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 2. Equilibrium moisture sorption (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g  solids) of the formulated food products at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C''' 
|-
|Water activity
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|
|
|Adsorption
|
|
|-
|0.0059
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|0.50 &lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|0.30&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|0.45&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.0470
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|0.51&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.30
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|0.70&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|-
|0.1677
|2.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|2.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.38
|2.80&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.91
|3.10&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.62
|-
|0.3574
|4.05&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.66
|3.70&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.60
|4.00&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|4.00&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|-
|0.5711
|5.40&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.46
|6.00&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|6.20&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.40
|6.50&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.00
|-
|0.7549
|11.70&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|11.40&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.67
|11.25&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.72
|11.35&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.53
|-
|0.8814
|16.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.56
|17.85&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.57
|17.65&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.91
|16.60&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.21
|-
|0.9562
|28.10&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.81
|26.10&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|28.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|26.45&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.34
|-
|
|
|Desorption
|
|
|-
|0.0059
|0.70&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|0.70&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|0.50&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|0.65&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.0470
|0.95&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|2.05&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.10
|2.75&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 3.50
|1.10&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|-
|0.1677
|2.85&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|3.05&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.38
|3.40&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.91
|3.70&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.62
|-
|0.3574
|4.65&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.66
|4.30&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.60
|4.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|4.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|-
|0.5711
|6.00&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.46
|6.60&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|6.80&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.40
|7.10&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.00
|-
|0.7549
|12.05&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.57
|12.00&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.67
|11.85&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.72
|11.95&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.53
|-
|0.8814
|17.05&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.56
|18.45&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.57
|18.25&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.91
|17.20&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 1.21
|-
|0.9562
|28.70&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.81
|26.70&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|28.80&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|27.05&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.34
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |''Mean values in a raw with common superscripts are  not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different. Each value is a mean ± SD of  quadruplicate determinations.''

NMNFRS:  Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice +  soybean, NMFRS: Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented  rice + soybean.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 3. Equilibrium moisture sorption (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g  solids) of the formulated food products at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C''' 
|-
|Water activity
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|
|
|Adsorption
|
|
|-
|0.0071
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|-
|0.0521
|1.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|0.75&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|1.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|1.25&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.34
|-
|0.1781
|2.60&lt;sup&gt;cd&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|2.55&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|2.50&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|2.90&lt;sup&gt;abc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|-
|0.3702
|3.65&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|3.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.53
|3.65&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.41
|3.15&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|-
|0.5816
|5.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.30
|5.80&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.92
|5.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.23
|5.30&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.58
|-
|0.7604
|8.80&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|9.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|8.00&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|8.00&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|-
|0.8831
|19.45&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|18.65&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|18.25&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|16.45&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.9565
|28.50&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|24.70&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|26.10&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|24.70&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|-
|
|
|Desorption
|
|
|-
|0.0071
|0.85&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|0.65&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|0.85&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.0521
|1.95&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|1.80&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|1.90&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|2.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|-
|0.1781
|3.20&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|3.20&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|3.45&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.34
|3.30&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|-
|0.3702
|3.95&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|4.60&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|4.40&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|3.40&lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|-
|0.5816
|6.15&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt; ±  0.19
|6.95&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|6.15&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|6.15&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.7604
|9.50&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|9.90&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|8.70&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|8.70&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|-
|0.8831
|20.10&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|19.30&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|18.90&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|17.10&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|-
|0.9565
|29.30&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|24.30&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|26.90&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|25.50&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |''Mean values in a raw with common superscripts are  not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different. Each value is a mean ± SD of  quadruplicate determinations.''

NMNFRS:  Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice +  soybean, NMFRS: Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented  rice + soybean.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 4. Equilibrium moisture sorption (g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g  solids) of the formulated food products at 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C''' 
|-
|Water activity
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|
|
|Adsorption
|
|
|-
|0.0085
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|0.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|-
|0.0575
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|0.70&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|0.65&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|0.40&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.00
|-
|0.1887
|1.90&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|1.80&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.54
|2.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|2.10&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.35
|-
|0.3827
|3.80&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.59
|3.75&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.66
|3.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.53
|3.10&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|-
|0.5914
|6.45&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|6.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.57
|6.26&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|6.15&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.64
|-
|0.7655
|10.75&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.44
|10.05&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.64
|10.40&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.91
|9.15&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.8848
|18.45&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.30
|16.00&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.28
|15.30&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|19.40&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.37
|-
|0.9570
|29.25&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 2.07
|29.20&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.81
|24.45&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.66
|27.10&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.90
|-
|
|
|Desorption
|
|
|-
|0.0085
|0.30&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|0.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|0.55&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|-
|0.0575
|1.30&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|1.50&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.20
|1.50&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.20
|1.25&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.10
|-
|0.1887
|2.85&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.35
|2.40&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.37
|2.65&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|2.80&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|-
|0.3827
|4.65&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.44
|4.90&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.12
|4.25&lt;sup&gt;bc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.34
|3.60&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|-
|0.5914
|7.00&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.43
|6.75&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.72
|6.75&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|6.65&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.84
|-
|0.7655
|11.40&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.43
|10.60&lt;sup&gt;abc&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.67
|11.15&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.82
|9.75&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.19
|-
|0.8848
|19.00&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.28
|16.75&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.30
|20.95&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|19.40&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.69
|-
|0.9570
|30.60&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.16
|30.10&lt;sup&gt;ab&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.26
|25.45&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.25
|28.00&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;  ± 0.37
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |''Mean values in a raw with common superscripts are  not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different. Each value is a mean ± SD of  quadruplicate determinations.''

NMNFRS: Non-malted-non-fermented  rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, NMFRS:  Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented rice + soybean.
|}


'''Moisture sorption isotherms of the formulated food products'''

Moisture sorption isotherms are shown in Figure 2 and 3. These isotherms have been observed to correspond with many sorption studies of agricultural products and as described by many researchers &lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;. The shapes of the isotherms are in agreement with the earlier classification and description Brunauer ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Brunauer, S., Deming, L. S., Teller, E. (1940): Theory of Van der Waals adsorption of gases. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 62 (7), 1723-1732.&lt;/ref&gt; and as reported by Andrade ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot; /&gt; as sigmoidal (type 2); similar in resemblance with the Greek letter symbol sigma (ς). Similarly, this phenomenon has been reported in the literature for cereal-based products &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;, whole yellow dent corn &lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot; /&gt;, energy sorghum &lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot; /&gt; and many other agricultural products &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;. 

Regardless of temperature change, the desorption isotherms are slightly above adsorption isotherms throughout. As earlier reported (Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;; Sahin and Samnu, &lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;, such a phenomenon (hysteresis) is a normal sorption process which usually occurs in hygroscopic products (agricultural products). Mathlouthi &lt;ref name=&quot;:28&quot; /&gt; elucidates that the filling and emptying of moisture in capillaries of food does not follow the same kinetics and changes in the structure of some food constituents subjected to various water activity are the main causes of hysteresis. There are many sorption theories of hysteresis in literature which tried to explain how such a phenomenon occur. After studying many theories of hysteresis, research workers concluded that it is impossible to give a single explanation of the hysteresis phenomena in foods &lt;ref&gt;Rao, M. A., Rizvi, S. S. H., Ashim, K. (2005): Engineering properties of foods. 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; edition. Published by CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group. New York, pp 239 - 309. &lt;/ref&gt;;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Shafiur Rahman|first=Mohammad|last2=Hamed Al-Belushi|first2=Rashid|date=2006-09|title=Dynamic Isopiestic Method (DIM): Measuring Moisture Sorption Isotherm of Freeze-Dried Garlic Powder and Other Potential Uses of DIM|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10942910600596134|journal=International Journal of Food Properties|volume=9|issue=3|pages=421–437|doi=10.1080/10942910600596134|issn=1094-2912}}&lt;/ref&gt;. But in this study, one can infer vapour pressure, capillary or other optimal conditions for desorption than in adsorption might have been the major contributing factors for higher moisture desorption than adsorption. Hysteresis which is the difference between adsorption and desorption isotherms appeared distinctly close to the midpoints of the isotherms (curves). Samples MFRS and NMFRS at 20 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C respectively, exhibited higher hysteresis than any other sample. Different loop shapes of hysteresis have been reported to depend on the composition of the product, temperature, storage time and the number of successive adsorption and desorption (Sahin and Samnu,&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;. Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; and Andrade ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot; /&gt; highlighted the effect and variety of hysteresis loop shapes of different foods, which also correlates with these FARO 44 products. Though there were many differences between adsorption and desorption isotherms in this study, no much clear difference in features was observed at the hydration monolayer nor region of free water of the isotherms, probably due to the skewness of the regression. A previous report has supported the argument that hysteresis in high sugar or high pectin foods mainly occurs in the monomolecular region &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;. In this study, the effect of fermentation, malting, heat treatment and composition of the mixtures might have influenced hysteresis in other regions of the isotherms, especially in malted or fermented ones. It was observed that sorption isotherms at about the water activity of 0.8 to 0.9 showed a decrease in hysteresis as temperature increased except sample NMFRS.  Also, changes in water binding, dissociation or dissolution of sugar at higher temperatures might have influenced the slight shift in hysteresis at higher water activity. There is a likelihood then, the effect of hysteresis may transient the sorption regions. As reported earlier (Quirijns ''et al.,''&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;, many times effects of hysteresis may complicate thermodynamic data derived from sorption isotherms. From this study, hysterical effects at levels of low water activity are remarkable for browning reaction, oxidation, loss of nutritional and sensory qualities as well as the growth of ''Osmophilic'' yeasts. However, not much in most of the samples.

[[File:Figure 1a. Moisture sorption isotherms of non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean (NMNFRS) and malted-non-fermented rice + soybean (MNFRS). Mc = Critical moisture content, αωc = Critical water activity..png|thumb|Moisture sorption isotherms of non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean (NMNFRS) and malted-non-fermented rice + soybean (MNFRS). M&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; = Critical moisture content, α&lt;sub&gt;ωc&lt;/sub&gt; = Critical water activity|left]]
[[File:Figure 1b. Moisture sorption isotherms of non-malted-fermented rice + soybean (NMFRS) and malted-fermented rice + soybean (MFRS).png|thumb|'''Moisture sorption isotherms of non-malted-fermented rice + soybean (NMFRS) and malted-fermented rice + soybean (MFRS)'''|left]]

'''BET, GAB and DLP model parameters of the formulated food products'''

The BET, GAB and DLP model equations were fitted to the experimental sorption data by non-linear regression analysis as shown in Tables 5a and 5b. The GAB and BET monomolecular moisture contents (M&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;) regardless of temperature change varied from 2.244 to 7.676 and 2.284 to 4.612 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids, respectively. In addition, the GAB energy constant (C) ranged from 1.972 to 49.425. The GAB constant (C) which measure the strength of water binding to the primary binding sites, is the ratio of the partition function of the molecule in a monolayer to that of the partition function of molecules in a multilayer &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt;;&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;. On the other hand, K values ranged from 0.681 to 0.990. K which measures the entropic configuration (arrangement) and mobility of water molecules, is the ratio of the partition function of molecules in bulk liquid to the partition function of molecules sorbed in the multilayer &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt;;&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;.  The BET constant (C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;) also ranged from 3.253 to 141.917. Both BET and GAB energy constants are in agreement with their respective model concepts. C and C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt; values showed a strong temperature dependency than the K values. From vast literature which reported K values of foods including those compiled by Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; are mostly between the range of 0.6 to nearly 1. The more the energy constants of a particular food differ from one temperature to the other, the more likely the instability of the food products.

Tables 5a and 5b showed the monolayer most strongly bound at the sorption sites. The monolayer at the desorption sites had higher water-binding capacity than the adsorption. This is also not far-fetched from the enthalpy energy the difference between the state of the multilayer during adsorption and desorption, probably caused by difference between distributions of water molecules over the polymer matrix during its swelling and shrinking as reported previously for entropy change &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt;. Also, effects of hysteresis as stated by other researchers in many theories of hysteresis are eminent. Samples MNFRS, MFRS, MFRS and MNFRS at 20, 30, 40 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C respectively had the highest binding energy of water molecules at the desorption sites. While samples NMFRS, MNFRS, MNFRS and NMFRS at the same corresponding temperatures had the lowest binding energy (at sites). From these findings, the adsorption phenomenon contributed weakening of the molecular binding energy of MNFRS and NMFRS. The energy capacity is higher for desorption than adsorption except for NMFRS (1.972) which recorded the lowest, followed by MFRS (5.795) at 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (Table 5b). On average, the GAB C values of MFRS ranged from 8.985 (adsorption) to 20.444 (desorption). MFRS had the strongest monolayer energy binding capacity on average, followed by NMNFRS (C = 5.3125 to 19.287), MNFRS (C = 6.149 to 16.219) and NMNFRS (C = 4.878 to 12.440). In general, as temperature increased to 30 and 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, the GAB constant (C values) of most samples exhibited strong monolayer water molecules. But at 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (Table 5b) energy capacity was reduced, which agreed with the thermodynamics of sorption. The high temperature was known to decrease binding energy between molecules because of the increased excitation.  As such, mutual distances between molecules would increase, resulting the weakening of their molecular attractive forces. Thus, causing molecules to break away (Quirijns ''et al.,''&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;. Van den Berg &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; explained that decreasing binding energy shows an increasing residence time for the sorbed molecules in the first layer, meaning that at high temperature the character of the sorption process become less strongly localized. It can be seen; the energy capacity of sorption sites is important for keeping dehydrated food quality because food without binding energy is prone to moisture migration. It is as important as the food is in free moisture region which allows the entering or escaping of moisture. A food with zero energy binding capacity would mean food in a free-water region. 

The K values of samples were mostly structured and the multilayer water molecules differed from the bulk liquid. It is also varied and was found to exhibit slight temperature dependency. Most values of K increased slightly as temperature increased. This phenomenon occurred because of temperature effects causing the movement of water molecules to the sorption sites. Thus, as temperature increased, multilayer properties of water molecules become less structured which corresponds with the molecules in the bulk liquid. Sample MNFRS (at 20, 30 and 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) had more (better) structured multilayer at the sorption sites, followed by NMFRS (50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) at desorption sites. However, sample NMNFRS (30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) had a less structured multilayer at desorption sites, followed by MFRS at desorption (40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) and adsorption (50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) sites. This means multilayer water molecules of samples NMNFRS and MFRS at those points are not well organized and had multilayer properties slightly comparable with bulk liquid molecules. Food with K value equal to or greater than 1, is an interpretation that that food is already predisposed to the movement of free water molecules according to GAB model assumptions. Observed entropy differences between the state of the multilayer adsorption and desorption are slight. 

The coefficient of determination (r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) and RMS of the DLP for the food products ranged from 0.982 to 1.000 and 0.166 to 1.193; GAB ranged from 0.986 to 1.000 and 0.062 to 1.100; and BET ranged from 0.823 to 1.00 and 0.026 to 0.785 respectively. Irrespective of temperature or sorption mode, the GAB model fitting parameters were better correlated (r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.886 to 1.000), followed by DPL (r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.982 to 1.000) and BET (r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.823 to 1.000). GAB model has been reported earlier to be the best fit for predicting sorption isotherms of foods or agricultural products &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot;&gt;Yogendrarajah P., Samapundo S., De Vlieghere F., De Saeger S., De Meulenaer, B. (2015): Moisture sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of whole black peppercorns (''Pipernigrum'' L.). LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 64 (1), 177 - 188. &lt;nowiki&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;. The use of GAB and DLP equations for modelling was better justified at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and also BET at 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, because there were good correlations at those points. A predictive equation (Double logarithmic polynomial) was employed to check how the sorption parameters of the sorption models vary statistically and it was found to correlate well. In general, the use of r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and RMS as determinants for model validation in this study's reviled BET model is better justified for the modelling of malted and/or fermented rice plus soybean-based complementary foods than the GAB model or DPL equation. However, an earlier report (Samapundo ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot; /&gt; stated that a good fit for a model to experimental data does not describe the quality of the sorption process but only the mathematics of the model. In addition, it only reveals or measures how closely the data points to the line of the best fit. 

For dehydrated food to be stable for a long time under storage, available moisture must be removed from the food down to monolayer moisture level and prevent any subsequent moisture adsorption from the environment into the intended food made for storage. This process would be enough to preserve or retain the quality of the food materials for a long time, probably being shelf stable.  Tables 5a and 5b indicated samples NMFRS and MNFRS had the highest GAB and BET monolayer moisture respectively and MFRS the lowest. The GAB monolayer moisture values of formulations were mostly higher than the BET monolayer moisture values and both mostly decreased as temperature increased. GAB and BET monolayer moisture desorption of foods were also observed to be mostly higher than adsorption. A similar trend was also reported &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; and who also reported GAB and BET monolayer values decreased significantly with increasing temperature after studying about 100 foods and food components. Samupundo ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot; /&gt; reported that at higher temperatures water molecules do break away from sorption sites causing the decrease in monolayer moisture. However, Van den Berg &lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; and Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; stated that monolayer moisture is not temperature dependent. Another study also found monolayer moisture decreased or increased with increasing temperature &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;. 

The monolayer moisture values of foods obtained in this study are slightly comparable to those found by Bonner and Kenney &lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot; /&gt; who modelled energy sorghum at 15 to 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, and found the range of GAB monolayer moisture values from 6.86 to 8.44% during desorption and 5.41 to 5.70% during adsorption by the dynamic dew-point method. GAB monolayer moisture values of whole yellow dent corn from 6.03 to 7.44% (adsorption) and 6.84 to 8.46% (desorption) at 25 to 37 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C found by Samapundo ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot; /&gt; slightly match this study. Moraes ''et al''. &lt;ref name=&quot;:30&quot;&gt;Moraes, M. A., Rosa, G. S., Pinto, L. A. A. (2008): Moisture sorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of apple Fuji and garlic. Int. J. of Food Sci. Technol. 43, 1824 - 1831.&lt;/ref&gt; found GAB monolayer moisture for garlic from 5.0 to 5.6%, which is within the range of monolayer moisture values obtained. But slightly varied with BET monolayer moisture (3.0 to 5.0%). The result of the sorption study on whole black peppercorns by Yogendrarajah ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot; /&gt; yielded comparable GAB monolayer moisture of 3.49 to 4.78% during adsorption and 4.36 to 4.67% during desorption (22 to 37 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C). Similar monolayer moisture values from 2.27 to 3.65 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids for adsorption and 2.70 to 5.48 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g for desorption (25 to 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) were obtained by Ariahu ''et al''. &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;. Their results correspond better with this study probably because of the similar adopted methodology. Syamaladevi ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Syamaladevi, R. M., Sablani, S. S., Juming Tang, J., Joseph Powers, J., Swanson, B. G. (2009): State diagram and water adsorption isotherm of raspberry (Rubus idaeus). J. Food Eng. 91, 460 - 467.&lt;/ref&gt; found comparable results of BET and GAB monolayer moisture of 4.5 and 7.4% respectively, for raspberry at room temperature (23 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) by the isopiestic method. Results obtained by Kim ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Kim, S. S., Kim, S. Y., Kim, D. W., Shin, S. G., Chang, K. S. (1999): Moisture Sorption Characteristics of Composite Foods Filled with Chocolate. J. Food Sci.  64, 2.  300 - 302.&lt;/ref&gt; vary slightly with the GAB monolayer moisture obtained. In their work, the monolayer moisture values of composite foods filled with chocolate was between 1 to 5% (20, 30 and 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C). Many sorption studies that reviled monolayer values of foods and other agricultural products were found to correlate well with this study.

Much higher monolayer moisture values of agricultural products than the ones obtained in this study were also observed. Diosady ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; obtained higher monolayer moisture values of canola meals from 9.06 to 9.60% (10, 22 and 34 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C). Another estimated GAB parameter by Kiranoudis ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; reviled monolayer moisture values of 8.70 to 21.20% db. for vegetables and 10.50 to 15.00% db. for fruits (30, 45 and 60 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) which are much higher than the results obtained, probably temperature disparity may be responsible. Also, at a much-elevated temperatures (from 20 to 70 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) than the ones used in this study, Goula ''et al''. &lt;ref&gt;Goula, A. M., Karapantsios, T. D., Achilias, D. S., Adamopoulos, K. G. (2007): Waster sorption isotherms and glass transition temperature of spray dried tomato pulp. J. Food Eng. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.07.015&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; found much higher GAB monolayer values (20.00 to 21.30%) of spray-dried tomato pulp. Monolayer moisture of 9.73 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solids for vacuum-dried onion and 9.79 g H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/100 g solid for air-dried onion has been reported by Masud Alam and Nazrul Islam &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Alam|first=Md Masud|last2=Islam|first2=Md Nurul|last3=Islam|first3=Md Nazrul|date=2015-03-12|title=Study on drying kinetics of summer onion|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22545|journal=Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research|volume=39|issue=4|pages=661–673|doi=10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22545|issn=2408-8293}}&lt;/ref&gt; which are higher than the results obtained. BET and GAB monolayer moisture values between 5.19 to 14.60% and 5.92 to 16.42% respectively for African arrowroot lily (10 to 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) found by Igbabul ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot; /&gt; are also much higher. Regression methods also might have been the contributing factors which resulted in much significant difference in the results obtained. Moraes ''et al''. &lt;ref name=&quot;:30&quot; /&gt; also found higher monolayer moisture values of apples from 10.7 to 16.8% (GAB) and 10.6 to 14.8% (BET) (50, 60 and 70 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C). High-temperature disparity was also observed and possibly the cause of much difference with the results obtained. Souza ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Souza, S. J. F. D., Alves, A. I., Vieira, E. N. F, Vieira, J. A. G. V., Ramos, A. F., Telis-Romero, J. (2015): Study of thermodynamic water properties and moisture sorption hysteresis of mango skin. Food Sci. Technol. 35 (1), 157-166.  &lt;nowiki&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.6557&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; carried sorption study (20, 26, 33, 38 and 44 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) for mango skin and obtained much higher GAB (1.114 × 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; to 2.940 × 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; kg/kg, d.b) and lower BET monolayer moisture values (5.712 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; to 8.519 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; kg/kg, d.b) compared to this report. The GAB and BET monolayer moisture values of more than 290 foods including food components compiled from relevant kinds of literatures by Rahman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; were observed to be mostly between the ranges of 0.98 to 33.3% and 0.74 to 13.50% for GAB and BET respectively. Also, three different regression methods used to compare the GAB monolayer moisture content of onion, green bean and apricot were found to be varied between 5.31 to 13.54% &lt;ref&gt;Samaniego-Esguerra, C. M., Boag, I. F., Robertson, G. L. (1991): Comparison of regression methods for fitting the GAB model to the moisture isotherms of some dried fruit and vegetables. J. Food Eng. 13 (2), 115 - 133. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/0260-8774(91)90014-J&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;;&lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt;. It is likely then, the reason for having higher monolayer moisture in fruits or vegetables than cereal-based foods may be attributed to many available sorption sites for the binding of water molecules. It is also possible that the use of higher temperatures for sorption study would not contribute decrease in monolayer moisture values as many reported and as expected by classical thermodynamic principles of sorption, but due to anomaly of mathematical regression analysis. Many researchers that modelled at higher temperatures could have obtained lower monolayer moisture contents than those modelled at lower temperatures using the same methodology. But it was not so as observed.

To elucidate, if the sorption sites are empty or partially empty, then it can easily pick up moisture to fill the empty sites. Hence, spoilage by microorganism or biochemical process. But if these sites are already filled up with moisture, the faster the deterioration or spoilage of food. Sorption sites of food may partially be empty of moisture if the food is well dried and this would promote keeping qualities of foods.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;9&quot; |'''Table 5a.  DLP, GAB and BET sorption isotherm regression parameters of the formulated food products'''
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Adsorption
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Desorption
|-
|Products
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|
|
|
|
|20  &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|
|
|
|
|-
|DLP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;
|4.397
|5.423
|5.116
|5.062
|5.004
|6.359
|5.702
|6.256
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.632&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.556&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.472&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.141&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.704&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.445&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.505&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.225&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|1.084
|0.779
|1.320
|1.218
|1.006
|0.533
|1.208
|0.950
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
|0.194
|0.071
|0.370
|0.260
|0.175
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.012&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|0.336
|0.204
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.998
|0.995
|0.994
|0.992
|0.998
|0.990
|0.995
|0.987
|-
|RMS
|0.391
|0.605
|0.647
|0.805
|0.419
|0.849
|0.597
|1.003
|-
|GAB
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt;
|4.578
|4.467
|7.676
|5.486
|4.604
|4.673
|6.687
|5.461
|-
|K
|0.851
|0.681
|0.753
|0.828
|0.852
|0.855
|0.780
|0.827
|-
|C
|4.664
|10.431
|2.440
|4.449
|7.505
|18.933
|4.166
|10.910
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.998
|0.996
|0.992
|0.990
|0.998
|0.992
|0.992
|0.986
|-
|RMS
|0.241
|0.573
|0.850
|0.919
|0.373
|0.783
|0.852
|1.073
|-
|BET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.820
|4.121
|2.324
|2.883
|3.987
|4.612
|2.834
|4.079
|-
|C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|5.827
|9.869
|141.917
|26.837
|8.818
|15.179
|86.604
|21.521
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.977
|0.907
|0.820
|0.868
|0.973
|0.849
|0.876
|0.922
|-
|RMS
|0.205
|0.208
|0.316
|0.102
|0.383
|0.785
|0.516
|0.658
|-
|
|
|
|
|30  &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|
|
|
|
|-
|DLP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.805
|3.831
|4.109
|4.352
|4.418
|4.639
|5.029
|4.969
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.831&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.448&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.039&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.913&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.829&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.304&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.774&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.978&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|1.146
|1.302
|1.095
|0.947
|1.035
|1.193
|0.971
|0.865
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.042&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|0.132
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.035&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.027&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.078&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|0.087
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.095&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.046&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.996
|0.998
|0.998
|0.998
|0.996
|0.996
|0.997
|0.998
|-
|RMS
|0.643
|0.455
|0.386
|0.408
|0.591
|0.549
|0.540
|0.426
|-
|GAB
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.323
|4.151
|3.521
|3.493
|3.405
|3.812
|3.480
|3.688
|-
|K
|0.924
|0.888
|0.918
|0.909
|0.922
|0.899
|0.920
|0.904
|-
|C
|6.747
|3.668
|7.394
|9.989
|12.198
|14.217
|43.581
|15.647
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.994
|9.998
|0.999
|0.998
|0.995
|0.997
|0.999
|0.997
|-
|RMS
|0.721
|0.386
|0.322
|0.443
|0.668
|0.514
|0.341
|0.471
|-
|BET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.585
|3.024
|3.272
|3.147
|3.622
|2.839
|3.106
|3.479
|-
|C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|4.843
|7.452
|7.829
|10.839
|8.697
|47.993
|58.457
|15.060
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.979
|0.958
|0.962
|0.940
|0.979
|0.999
|0.978
|0.941
|-
|RMS
|0.282
|0.335
|0.438
|0.435
|0.324
|0.057
|0.265
|0.485
|-
| colspan=&quot;9&quot; |NMNFRS: Non-malted-non-fermented  rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, NMFRS: Non-malted-fermented  rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented rice + soybean, r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = Coefficient of determination
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;9&quot; |'''Table 5b.  DLP, GAB and BET sorption isotherm regression parameters of the formulated food products'''
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Adsorption
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Desorption
|-
|Product
|NMNFS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|
|
|
|
|40  &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|
|
|
|
|-
|DLP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.063
|3.119
|3.071
|3.090
|3.943
|4.444
|4.193
|3.887
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.558
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.984&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.366&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-2.920&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.738&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.302&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.463&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.004&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|1.916
|1.886
|1.691
|1.512
|1.391
|1.180
|1.056
|1.044
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
|0.125
|0.288
|0.113
|0.061
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.026&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|0.147
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.075&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.129&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.987
|0.985
|0.983
|0.990
|0.987
|0.982
|0983
|0.993
|-
|RMS
|1.172
|1.093
|1.212
|0.863
|1.141
|1.141
|1.214
|0.752
|-
|GAB
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.379
|4.013
|3.119
|2.717
|3.243
|3.827
|3.123
|2.768
|-
|K
|0.927
|0.888
|0.925
|0.933
|0.932
|0.887
|0.927
|0.939
|-
|C
|4.478
|2.903
|6.169
|13.891
|19.832
|11.995
|27.429
|49.425
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.989
|0.988
|0.986
|0.992
|0.990
|0.987
|0.989
|0.996
|-
|RMS
|1.071
|0.994
|1.096
|0.759
|1.002
|0.994
|0.987
|0.584
|-
|BET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|2.684
|2.725
|2.682
|2.284
|2.629
|3.081
|3.015
|2.405
|-
|C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|12.364
|9.582
|11.717
|27.962
|57.946
|25.719
|30.879
|81.595
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.978
|0.959
|0.988
|0.823
|0.983
|0.996
|0.989
|0.909
|-
|RMS
|0.200
|0.293
|0.144
|0.437
|0.181
|0.115
|0.179
|0.367
|-
|
|
|
|
|50  &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|
|
|
|
|-
|DLP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.459
|3.419
|3.529
|3.024
|4.343
|4.302
|3.917
|3.666
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.098&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.211&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.698&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-2.636&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.952&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3180&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.015&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.991&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|1.320
|0.981
|0.976
|1.260
|1.092
|0.822
|1.642
|1.374
|-
|b&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.007&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.199&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|0.007
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.545&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.111&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.255&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|0.314
|0.037
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.999
|1.000
|1.000
|0.994
|0.999
|0.999
|0.984
|0.991
|-
|RMS
|0.282
|0.216
|0.166
|0.543
|0.297
|0.270
|1.193
|0.924
|-
|GAB
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.596
|2.759
|3.256
|2.440
|3.446
|2.905
|5.686
|3.513
|-
|K
|0.921
|0.947
|0.909
|0.990
|0.929
|0.944
|0.842
|0.918
|-
|C
|3.673
|7.595
|5.295
|7.612
|10.225
|19.731
|1.972
|5.796
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|1.000
|0.999
|0.999
|0.996
|1.000
|0.998
|0.987
|0.994
|-
|RMS
|0.113
|0.360
|0.321
|0.426
|0.062
|0.477
|1.100
|0.791
|-
|BET
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|M&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.516
|3.355
|2.895
|2.504
|3.352
|3.500
|2.808
|2.471
|-
|C&lt;sub&gt;b&lt;/sub&gt;
|3.253
|3.533
|5.130
|6.033
|9.583
|8.130
|17.578
|20.899
|-
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.998
|0.999
|0.998
|0.965
|1.000
|0.972
|0.992
|0.974
|-
|RMS
|0.074
|0.081
|0.074
|0.261
|0.026
|0.342
|0.162
|0.235
|-
| colspan=&quot;9&quot; |NMNFRS: Non-malted-non-fermented  rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, NMFRS:  Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented rice + soybean, r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;  = Coefficient of determination.
|}


'''GAB molar sorption enthalpies of the formulated food products'''

GAB monomolecular enthalpy (Hm) and multi-molecular enthalpy (H&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;) of sorption of malted and/or fermented rice plus soybean-based complementary foods are shown in Table 6. Irrespective of temperature or sorption mode, enthalpy values of monolayer varied from 40.947 to 64.752 kJ/mol, with NMFRS having the highest and MNFRS the lowest monolayer enthalpy of sorption at 20 and 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C respectively. Monolayer heat of sorption showed temperature dependency. GAB monolayer enthalpy of sorption mostly decreased as temperature increased except for NMFRS during adsorption (20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C). This means high temperature resulted in the weakening of monolayer molecules hence lowering of molar heat of sorption. This also matched remarkably with the effect of higher temperature on BET and GAB energy constants. So, it is in line to say molar heat of sorption decreased with decreasing binding energy. This has a physical meaning and relates to the principles of thermodynamics. The differences in the magnitude of the monolayer enthalpies of NMNFRS in the adsorption and MFRS in the desorption mode consecutively (i.e., 20 to 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C or 30 to 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C or 40 to 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) followed the same trend and also in their desorption and adsorption, respectively.

The enthalpy of sorption has been investigated by many researchers. A study on sorghum-based complementary foods by Sengev ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; found monolayer enthalpy values (50.34 to 61.37 kJ/mol at 10, 20, 30 and 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) comparable with the results obtained. But Diosady ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; found higher monolayer enthalpy of 84.112 to 84.880 kJ/mol of canola meals (at 16 to 34 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) than the enthalpy values obtained. The use of lower temperatures in their study than this current work may be the contributing factor to many differences. This is because a study conducted at 25 to 50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt; reviled similar monolayer enthalpy of sorption (Crayfish = 53.40 to 77.29 kJ/mol). All their findings also indicated temperature dependency, which is in agreement with these current findings. Other data from literature on ΔH&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt; and ΔH&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; of foods, can be obtained from Kiranoudis ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; and Quirijns, ''et al''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;. But the correlation was impossible with this study because specific enthalpy at a particular temperature has not been employed.

Multilayer heat of sorption also exhibited temperature dependency. It varied between 31.419 to 42.246 kJ/mol. At 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, sample NMFRS recorded the highest values of molar heat at desorption and the lowest at adsorption sites. The differences in the magnitude of the multilayer enthalpies of NMNFRS in the adsorption and MFRS in the desorption mode consecutively followed a similar trend and also in their desorption and adsorption modes, respectively. It follows a similar trend as the case of monolayer heat, except the magnitude of multilayer enthalpy of sorption was lower than the monolayer. As molecules of water sorb to the multilayer strength of binding energy capacity becomes weaker (less bound) thereby reducing the multilayer enthalpy. Hence lower heat of sorption is expected in multilayer because of the higher energy binding strength of monolayer. In a study conducted by Diosady ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; found slightly higher enthalpy (49.185 to 48.420 kJ/mol) of multilayer of canola meals than in this study. Study on complementary food by Sengev ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; also obtained slightly higher multilayer heat values (43.83 to 45.89 kJ/mol) as compared with this study. But a study by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:25&quot; /&gt; yielded slightly comparable results. However, in their study, some values (enthalpy of crayfish from 25.02 to 57.22 kJ/mol) were either slightly higher or lower as compared with this study.

Based on a report from the literature it was observed molar heat of sorption of water molecules may be as low as close to zero &lt;ref&gt;Figura, L. O., Teixeira, A. A. (2007): Physical Properties – Measurement and Applications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp. 1 - 510. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1007/b107120&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;. Any point where there is low molar heat of sorption is an indication of high entropy which may be accompanied by a low binding energy of water molecules according to GAB model concepts. Low heat of sorption of a product may be an added advantage for dehydration. But a disadvantage for a dehydrated product, such that infinitesimal energy would facilitate their ease to pick-up moisture from the humid environment if not properly stored. Quirijns ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt; in their study found a close range of GAB molar enthalpy to net isosteric heat of sorption. Hence, GAB molar enthalpy can be employed as a useful tool for estimating the drying process and it could be used to evaluate the operating cost of dehydration for FARO 44 products.


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 6. GAB isotherm molar enthalpies (kJ/mol) of  of the formulated food products''' 
|-
|Products
|20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Monolayer enthalpy of adsorption (H&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;) 
|-
|NMNFRS
|51.575
|51.145
|50.725
|50.285
|-
|MNFRS
|51.682
|51.253
|50.833
|50.793
|-
|NMFRS
|49.269
|56.839
|56.419
|55.979
|-
|MFRS
|55.676
|55.246
|54.826
|54.386
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Monolayer enthalpy of desorption (H&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;) 
|-
|NMNFRS
|53.712
|53.282
|52.862
|52.422
|-
|MNFRS
|42.237
|41.807
|41.387
|40.947
|-
|NMFRS
|64.752
|64.322
|63.902
|63.462
|-
|MFRS
|47.258
|46.838
|46.418
|45.978
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Multilayer enthalpy of adsorption (H&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;) 
|-
|NMNFRS
|42.205
|41.775
|41.355
|40.915
|-
|MNFRS
|41.805
|41.376
|40.956
|40.516
|-
|NMFRS
|31.419
|38.989
|38.569
|38.129
|-
|MFRS
|39.539
|39.109
|38.689
|38.249
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Multilayer enthalpy of desorption (H&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;) 
|-
|NMNFRS
|41.964
|41.534
|41.114
|40.674
|-
|MNFRS
|41.847
|41.417
|40.997
|40.557
|-
|NMFRS
|42.246
|41.816
|41.396
|40.956
|-
|MFRS
|41.290
|40.860
|40.440
|40.000
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS: Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented  rice + soybean, NMFRS: Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS:  Malted-fermented rice + soybean.
|}


'''Surface area of solids of the formulated food products'''

Table 7 showed the total surface area of solids. The total surface area of FARO 44 products varied from 80.24 to 162.02 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids, with sample MNFRS recorded highest total surface area and MFRS the lowest at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (desorption) and 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (adsorption) respectively. The total surface area of solids mostly decreased as temperature increased up to 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C except for sample NMFRS values varied as temperature increased. Similar trends are also in agreement with the findings by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;. In their study, the total surface area of crayfish varied from 79.7 to 128.5 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids as temperature increased (adsorption) and also decreased from 192.60 to 94.90 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids as temperature increased (desorption). However, some values were either higher or lower than the ones obtained. Igbabul ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot; /&gt; found apparent surface area (182.34 to 513.34 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids) of African arrowroot lily products decreased with increasing temperatures. The total surface area of solids in their study findings is much higher than the ones obtained in this study and those reported by Ariahu ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;. Another much higher total surface area value of solids was obtained by Moraes ''et al.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;:30&quot; /&gt; on apple Fuji (196 to 315 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids) and garlic (374.5 to 588 to m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g solids). Their findings showed decreasing of total surface area as temperature increased (50, 60 and 70 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 7. Total surface area of water binding (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g  solid) for solids of the formulated food products'''
|-
|Adsorption
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|134.20
|144.77
|81.64
|101.28
|-
|30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|125.94
|106.23
|114.95
|110.55
|-
|40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|94.29
|95.73
|94.22
|80.24
|-
|50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|123.52
|117.86
|101.70
|87.97
|-
|Desorption
|
|
|
|
|-
|20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|140.06
|162.02
|99.56
|143.30
|-
|30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|127.24
|99.73
|109.13
|122.22
|-
|40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|92.36
|108.24
|105.92
|84.49
|-
|50 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C
|117.76
|122.96
|98.65
|86.81
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS:  Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean, MNFRS: Malted-non-fermented rice +  soybean, NMFRS: Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean, MFRS: Malted-fermented  rice + soybean.
|}


'''Net isosteric heat of sorption predicting drying characteristics of the formulated food products'''

The isosteres obtained from Clausius–Claperyon relationships between water activity and absolute temperature (Figures 4) at water contents of 2 to 12% and their respective isosteric heat of sorption are provided in Figure 5. The regression parameters are given in Tables 8 (adsorption) and 9 (desorption). The intercept which relates to the entropy of sorption ranged from - 0.745 to 0.511 (NMNFRS), 0.486 to 2.965 (MNFRS), 1.191 to 2.479 (NMFRS), 0.589 to 2.572 (MFRS) respectively. For the desorption mode, the intercept ranged from -0.931 to 0.235 (NMNFRS), 0.433 to 2.677 (MNFRS), 0.476 to 2.313 (NMFRS), and 1.245 to 3.610 (MFRS). The slopes which represent the magnitudes of net isosteric heats (ΔH&lt;sub&gt;st&lt;/sub&gt;) ranged from 0.043 to 5.695 kJ/mol (NMNFRS), 2.453 to 12.138 kJ/mol (MNFRS), 4.232 to 10.875 kJ/mol (NMFRS) and 2.685 to 11.099 kJ/mol (MFRS) respectively. Also, for the desorption mode, the net isosteric heat ranged from 0.449 to 5.363 kJ/mol (NMNFRS), 2.478 to 11.872 kJ/mol (MNFRS), 2.586 to 10.925 kJ/mol (NMFRS) and 4.490 to 14.200 kJ/mol (MFRS) respectively. The regression coefficients ranged from 0.795 to 0.991 for the adsorption plots and 0.880 to 962 for the Clausius–Claperyon desorption plots. It was observed that the data points of the second plots (i.e., from the linear regression parameters) decreased exponentially with increase in the moisture content of the food materials. Net isosteric heat of both adsorption and desorption isotherms as a function of moisture content for non-malted - non fermented rice + soybean decreased rapidly as moisture content increased. These rates of rapid decrease were observed higher in non-malted - non fermented rice + soybean, followed by malted - non fermented rice + soybean, malted – 

fermented rice + soybean and non-malted fermented rice + soybean. Maximum net isosteric heat with slight variation among formulations was observed throughout except for non-malted - non fermented rice + soybean which was much lower.

The net isosteric heat of sorption is the minimum amount of energy required to remove (desorption) or add (adsorption) a given amount of water to a hygroscopic material &lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot;&gt;Alakali J. S. and Satimehin, A. A. (2007). Moisture adsorption characteristics of   bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) powders. ''Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR Ejournal''. Manuscript FP 07 005. Vol. IX. 1 - 15.&lt;/ref&gt;. Similarly, net isosteric heat of sorption (ΔH&lt;sub&gt;st&lt;/sub&gt;) is the energy difference between total heat of sorption (H&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) and the heat of vaporization (H&lt;sub&gt;v&lt;/sub&gt;)  . In practice during drying, small amount of heat or energy is enough to initiate drying and to remove the free water from solids, followed by a larger amount of heat application to remove the remaining strongly bound water from same solids (net isosteric heat increases with decreasing moisture, Figure 5). The resultant heats would account for the amount of heat required for drying. According to GAB model concepts, any residual moisture in the well-dried solids would account for those in the monolayer region which is difficult to be removed by ordinary drying process because of its very strongly bound nature (H-bonded water). Andrade ''et al.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot; /&gt; reported that this water is unfreeze-able and it is not available for chemical reactivity. So, it may not pose traits during storage since the moisture of the solids have reduced to monolayer. And if such drying process adequately have subjected the solids to reach level of monolayer moisture, then the product would have adequate keeping quality. As elucidates in another report, moisture contents in the monolayer are tightly bound to the solids, and so require high energy capacity to remove its water contents. As moisture content of the solids is increasing, the most active sites of solids become occupied and sorption occurs on the less active sites giving lower heat of sorption &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;. Application of Clausius-Clapeyron equation for determining the differential heat of sorption is an alternative economical method to the calorimetric method of determining heat of sorption. The net enthalpy required for product dehydration. Report by Raman &lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot; /&gt; shows Clausius-Clapeyron isosteric method of determining heat of sorption often yield nearly same result as the calorimetric method. One of the disadvantages of this method is that it cannot account for heat offered by a specific temperature (e.g., 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C) simply because of the regression analysis that often-employed range of temperatures. It can then be seen, drying is the practical application of desorption since water or moisture goes out of the solid materials of food.  

Isosteric heat applies to desorption and is being used for studying the drying characteristics of foods under law-moisture&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;. The net isosteric heat of sorption is a function of moisture content as reported by Yogendrarajah ''et al.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot; /&gt; and as observed in Figures 4 and 5. The dependency of the net isosteric heat of sorption on the equilibrium moisture content was fitted with linear regression. The data points of the second plots from the linear regression parameters decreased exponentially with increase in moisture content of the food materials until it approaches the latent heat of vaporization of pure water (ΔH&lt;sub&gt;st&lt;/sub&gt; = 0 kJ/mol). A similar trend was reported in previous studies &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot; /&gt;. This could be due to the different strengths of water binding. Initial occupation of the highly active polar sites on the surface could be difficult due to high interaction energy and subsequent filling of the less active sites could become possible with low energy &lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot; /&gt;. These findings have been observed to be in harmony with many agricultural products &lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot; /&gt;. The higher value of isosteric heat of sorption at values of low moisture content signifies high interactive energy between surface sites and moisture as the material approaches a monomolecular layer of water molecules &lt;ref name=&quot;:25&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot; /&gt;. On the other hand, it may value the spontaneity of the food system and could help to identify the physical, chemical and microbiological stability of food. 

 [[File:Figure 2. Clausius-Clapeyron relationship between water activity and temperature sorption.png|thumb|Isosteres of sorption. NMNFRS = Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS = Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted fermented rice + soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour|left]] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; |'''Table 8: Linear regression parameters of  Clausius-Clapeyron adsorption temperature dependence of the formulated food  products'''
|-
|
|
| colspan=&quot;6&quot; |Moisture  content (g/100 g food)
|-
|Products
|
|2
|4
|6
|8
|10
|12
|-
|NMNFRS
|Parameters
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|Intercept
|0.511
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.364&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.745&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.652&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|
|
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-685&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-293&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-89&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-50&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|
|
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.9415
|0.974
|0.964
|0.933
|
|
|-
|MNFRS
|Intercept
|2.965
|1.515
|0.8510
|0.637
|0.543
|0.486
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1460&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-880&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-584&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-447&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-361&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-295&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.884
|0.884
|0.870
|0.823
|0.750
|0.636
|-
|NMFRS
|Intercept
|2.479
|1.665
|1.360
|1.250
|1.210
|1.191
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1308&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-924&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-738&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-633&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-563&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-509&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.833
|0.918
|0.974
|0.991
|0.980
|0.956
|-
|MFRS
|Intercept
|2.572
|1.210
|0.967
|0.741
|0.655
|0.589
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1335&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-788&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-616&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-476&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-392&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-323&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.971
|0.965
|0.795
|0.991
|0.981
|0.938
|-
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; |NMNFRS =  Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS = Malted-non fermented +  soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted fermented rice + soybean flour, MFRS =  Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = Coefficient of determination, I = Intercept coefficient.

|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; |'''Table 9: Linear regression parameters of  Clausius-Clapeyron desorption temperature dependence of the formulated food  products'''
|-
|
|
| colspan=&quot;6&quot; |Moisture  content (g/100 g food)
|-
|Products
|
|2
|4
|6
|8
|10
|12
|-
|NMNFRS
|Intercept
|0.245
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.621&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-0.931&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|
|
|
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-645&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-242&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-54&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|
|
|
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.880
|0.917
|0.900
|
|
|
|-
|MNFRS
|Intercept
|2.677
|1.114
|0.5975
|0.433
|0.436
|0.453
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1428&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-792&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-531&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-404&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-344&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-298&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.883
|0.911
|0.876
|0.916
|0.975
|0.964
|-
|NMFRS
|Intercept
|2.313
|1.029
|0.617
|0.476
|0.490
|0.483
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1314&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-767&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-539&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-420&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-364&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-311&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.965
|0.949
|0.907
|0.917
|0.939
|0.935
|-
|MFRS
|Intercept
|3.610
|1.921
|1.405
|1.293
|1.246
|1.245
|-
|
|Slope
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1708&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1036&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-776&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-666&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-591&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-540&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|
|r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|0.909
|0.888
|0.880
|0.939
|0.962
|0.960
|-
| colspan=&quot;8&quot; |NMNFRS =  Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS = Malted-non fermented +  soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted fermented rice + soybean flour, MFRS =  Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = Coefficient of determination, I = Intercept coefficient.

|}
[[File:Figure 3. Net isosteric heat of sorption.png|thumb|Net isosteric heat of sorption. NMNFRS = Non-malted-non-fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS = Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted fermented rice + soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour|left]]


'''Predicted shelf of the formulated food products'''

Tables 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 showed predictive shelf life of formulated food products in storage conditions of low-and high-density polyethene packages at temperatures of 20, 30 and 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and their corresponding relative humidity are 50 and 80% each. The predicted shelf life of formulated products varied irrespective of temperature, relative humidity or packaging material and also increased with an increase in temperature, relative humidity and in high-density polyethene package compared with the low-density polyethene package. The estimated shelf life of these formulated products ranged from 1059 (MFRS) to 1992523 days (NMNFRS), where their low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethene (HDPE) packages are placed within predictive storage conditions of 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% relative humidity and 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% relative humidity respectively. 

In Table 10, where formulated products are predicted in LDPE package at the storage conditions of 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 50% relative humidity, their shelf life ranged from 52063 (NMFRS) to 195706 days (NMNFRS). These results were observed to be lower than the other ones stored at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C (Tables 11, 12 and 13) with varying conditions of storage in terms of relative humidity or polyethene packages. In Table 11, where the products stored are in HDPE packages, with storage conditions are 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 50% relative humidity, resulted in an estimated shelf life from the range of 408841 (NMFRS) to 1536846 days (NMNFRS), which was observed to be the second highest category in terms of predicted shelf-life durations. In Table 12, the estimated shelf life of the formulated products ranged from 140053 (NMFRS) to 349959 days (MFRS), which was predicted in an adequate storage standard LDPE within the storage conditions of 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and relative humidity of 80%, was observed to be the number third position other sets with estimated higher shelf-life durations. In Table 13, the predicted shelf life of formulated products in HDPE package with the storage conditions of 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 80% relative humidity ranged from 644411 (NMFRS) to 1992523 days (NMNFRS). It was observed that this set had the highest estimated shelf life among all the various sets. At 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, irrespective of relative humidity or packaging materials, NMNFRS had the highest estimated shelf life, followed by samples MNFRS, MFRS and NMFRS. 

At 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C storage conditions, there were new trends. In Table 14, the predicted shelf life of the formulated products in LDPE (at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% relative humidity) ranged from 23836 (MNFRS) to 45649 days (MFRS). Among those 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C sets of storage conditions (Tables 14, 15 and 16), those in LDPE packages with 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 50% relative humidity (Table 14) had the lowest estimated shelf life, followed by those in Tables 16, 17 and 15 respectively and their corresponding shelf life ranged from 93568 (MNFRS) to 291189 days (MFRS), 111281 (MNFRS) to 349426 days (MFRS) and 226448 (MNFRS) to 433669 days (MFRS). Generally, it was observed that at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C irrespective of packaging materials and relative humidity, sample MFRS had the highest estimated shelf life, followed by samples NMFRS, NMNFRS and MNFRS. This shows that fermentation a has great advantage over the keeping-qualities of foods, especially at slightly higher temperatures above 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C.

At 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, there were also slight changes in trends. In Tables 18, 19, 20 and 21, the predicted shelf life of the formulated products ranged from 2311 (NMNFRS) to 24703 days (MFRS), 26372 (NMNFRS) to 281891 days (MFRS), 1059 (MFRS) to 6405 days (MNFRS) and 15718 (MFRS) to 95087 days (MNFRS) respectively. In Table 18, where LDPE packages are within predictive conditions of 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% relative humidity, samples MFRS had the highest estimated shelf life followed by samples MNFRS, NMFRS and NMNFRS. In Table 19, where the predictive conditions are 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% relative humidity and HDPE package usage, sample MFRS was observed to have the highest estimated shelf life, followed by samples NMFRS, MNFRS and NMNFRS. However, at the predictive conditions of 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, 80% relative humidity and the usage of LDPE packages (Table 20), showed the estimated shelf life of all the formulated products to be the lowest compared to all the various sets of conditions used for estimating their shelf life. Hence, sample MFRS was observed to be the lowest in terms of estimated shelf life, followed by samples NMNFRS, NMFRS and MNFRS. This means, storing these formulated products at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, 80% relative humidity and stipulated usage of the LDPE package at that condition would be inappropriate. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid storing low-moisture foods at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% relative humidity in the LDPE package. Alternatively, 20 to 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and low relative humidity is recommended to prevent rapid set on spoilage and avoidance of unnoticeable growth or proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms in foods which may be detrimental to the health of consumers if such foods are consumed. In Table 21 (at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% relative humidity and HDPE packaging usage), there was no change of trends as compared to the influential storage conditions in Table 20 except in terms of the magnitude of the estimated shelf life of the formulated products, where the predicted shelf life of the formulated products (Table 21) compared to those in Table 20.        

Generally, throughout the temperatures of 20 and 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, NMNFRS and MNFRS exhibited higher predicted shelf life respectively. At 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, their shelf life was observed to be higher except at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C and 80% relative humidity level in the LDPE package. Above 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C, MFRS mostly exhibited higher levels of predicted shelf life irrespective of temperatures, relative humidity and the type of packaging material, whereas NMNFRS had the highest predicted shelf life throughout the 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C set of packages.   

Packaging of food is important for preserving food quality, reducing food wastage and minimizing the use of chemical additive for food preservation. Sorption isotherms are valuable for shelf-life prediction. Shelf-life studies can provide important information to product developers to ensure that the consumer will see a high-quality product for a significant period after production. Certainly, long shelf-life studies do not fit with the speed requirement and therefore accelerated studies or computer-simulated predictions have been developed as part of innovation, which often employed complex algorithms for solutions. Also, the rate at which reactions occur in foods, the effects of temperature, moisture and the immeasurable effect of other parameters on foods have become necessary factors contributing to the science of accelerated shelf-life studies. In this study, it is evident that the rate of permeation of water vapour or moisture as confirmed through the standard (grade one) low- or high-density polyethene would not pose a significant effect on the shelf life of the formulated food products if adequately packaged in grade one polyethene and stored within the standard reference condition. It becomes obvious that quick spoilage of low-moisture foods packaged in polyethene may be due to the poor quality of the polymers itself owing to failures of polymer manufacturers adhering to production standards. Such that storing foods in such substandard polymers would not offer moisture-free environmental protection and so predisposed food to deterioration. The long-time (days) in all the predicted shelf life was characterized by the permeability characteristics together with the working linear equations of the sorption isotherms described by Sherma ''et al''. &lt;ref&gt;Sherma, S. K., Mulvaney, S. J. and Rizvi, S. S. (2000). Food Process Engineering: Theory and Laboratory Experiment, Wiley India, Pvt. Limited, Pp. 287 - 288.&lt;/ref&gt;, which means the time taken for moisture permeation through the barriers of the polyethene into the food material until an equilibrium is established between the food and the humidity of the storing environment, hence spoilage is set. Equilibrium moisture establishment between the food and the storage environment is critical for spoilage of low-moisture foods due to moisture adsorption by the food. Ideally, low-moisture foods are not expected to spoil in moisture-free environment where there are no other external conditions such as light interfering with the food.

A shelf-life study reported by Anandito ''et al.'' &lt;ref&gt;Anandito, R. B. K., Siswanti, Purnamayati, L. and Sodiq, H. (2017).Shelf-life Determination of Fish ''Koya'' using Critical Moisture. ''Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: B. Life and Environmental Sciences'' 54 (3): 201–206.&lt;/ref&gt; reviled fish ''Koya'' packed in metalized plastic and stored at 30 °C was reduced with an increase in relative humidity (RH) and resulting in a shelf-life of fish ''Koya'' for 234 days at 75% relative humidity, 203 days at 80% relative humidity as well as 180 days at 85% relative humidity. Similarly, a study by Ekafitri ''et al.''&lt;ref&gt;Ekafitri, R., Kurniawan, Y. R.  Desnilasari, D., Surahman, D. N. Indriati, A. (2021). Shelf-life assessment  of  energy  banana  bar using  acceleration   method  with  critical  moisture   content approach'''.''' ''Food Science and Technology'', 41 (Suppl. 1): 163-168    &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.13120&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; assessed shelf-life of the banana bars under storage conditions of 30 °C with relative humidity of 80% in three types of packaging (aluma, aluminium foil, and metalized plastic) within a period of 30 days and their findings of shelf life of banana bar products in aluminium foil pack were 511.15 days and aluma pack was 458.72 days, much longer than those packaged in metalized plastic which confirmed 80.95 days shelf life which is much lower compared to this current findings. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the integrity of packing materials before commencing a shelf-life study of any food as reviled in this study. Packaging materials have a shelf-life which upon degradation or decomposition would certainly reduce the expected shelf life of the packaged food material. Hence, it is expected that when determining or predicting the shelf-life of food, the packaging materials’ shelf-life should be taken into consideration because there is no ideal package that is not prone to deterioration or other environmental hazards which may influence permeation. All packaging materials including glasses and metals which are very rigid and have high resistance to environmental conditions, do decompose over time. Evaluating the packaging integrity would help to harmonize the results of researchers’ findings and provide or establish useful information on the shelf-life of foods.   

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 10. Predicted  shelf life (at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% RH) of formulated food products in low  density polyethylene (LDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.10
|2.80
|2.25
|3.60
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|6.36
|6.48
|5.41
|7.10
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|5.25
|5.45
|3.45
|6.15
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|8.51
|7.36
|6.32
|6.99
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of LDPE at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50%  RH 
|0.0011
|0.0011
|0.0011
|0.0011
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|3.83
|3.57
|1.61
|3.50
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.34
|1.27
|1.61
|1.25
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|195706
|160417
|52063
|149954
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS = Malted-non  fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean flour,  MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 11. Predicted  shelf life (at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% RH) of formulated food products in high density  polyethylene (HDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.10
|2.80
|2.25
|3.60
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|6.36
|6.48
|5.41
|7.10
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|5.25
|5.45
|3.45
|6.15
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|8.51
|7.36
|6.32
|6.99
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of HDPE at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50%  RH 
|0.00014
|0.00014
|0.00014
|0.00014
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|3.83
|3.57
|1.61
|3.50
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.34
|1.27
|1.61
|1.25
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|1536846
|1259730
|408841
|1177561
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 12. Predicted  shelf life (at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% RH) of formulated food products in low  density polyethylene (LDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.10
|2.80
|2.25
|3.60
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|8.91
|8.69
|7.31
|9.19
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|5.25
|5.45
|3.45
|6.15
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|8.51
|7.36
|6.32
|6.99
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of LDPE at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80%  RH 
|0.00023
|0.00023
|0.00023
|0.0023
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.86
|1.82
|1.31
|1.84
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|0.62
|0.60
|0.27
|0.61
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|433043
|362443
|140053
|349959
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 13. Predicted shelf life (at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80%  RH) of formulated food products in high density polyethylene (HDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial  moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.10
|2.80
|2.25
|3.60
|-
|Equilibrium  moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|8.91
|8.69
|7.31
|9.19
|-
|Critical  moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|5.25
|5.45
|3.45
|6.15
|-
|Slope of  isotherms
|8.51
|7.36
|6.32
|6.99
|-
|Packaging  permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of HDPE at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% RH 
|0.00005
|0.00005
|0.00005
|0.00005
|-
|Packaging area  A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids  W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated  vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O (mmHg) at 20 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C  
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|17.54
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.86
|1.82
|1.31
|1.84
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me –  Mc
|0.62
|0.60
|0.27
|0.61
|-
|Shelf life  (days)
|1992523
|1667674
|644411
|1610234
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non  fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS = Malted-non fermented + soybean flour,  NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented  rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 14.  Predicted shelf life (at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% RH) of formulated food products  in low density polyethylene (LDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.40
|3.00
|2.60
|2.55
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|4.35
|4.17
|4.62
|4.95
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.90
|3.90
|4.20
|4.35
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|3.9
|2.37
|4.04
|4.80
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of LDPE at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50%  RH 
|0.00016
|0.00016
|0.00016
|0.00016
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|4.35
|4.33
|4.81
|4.00
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.50
|1.47
|1.57
|1.39
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|40025
|23836
|43397
|45649
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity..
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 15. Predicted  shelf life (at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% RH) of formulated food products in high  density polyethylene (HDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.40
|3.00
|2.60
|2.55
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|4.35
|4.17
|4.62
|4.95
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.90
|3.90
|4.20
|4.35
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|3.9
|2.37
|4.04
|4.80
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of HDPE at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50%  RH 
|0.00152
|0.00152
|0.00152
|0.00152
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|4.35
|4.33
|4.81
|4.00
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.50
|1.47
|1.57
|1.39
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|380240
|226448
|412272
|433669
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity..
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 16. Predicted  shelf life (at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% RH) of formulated food products in low  density polyethylene (LDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.40
|3.00
|2.60
|2.25
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|5.52
|5.69
|5.83
|6.39
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.90
|3.90
|4.20
|4.35
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|3.90
|2.37
|4.04
|4.80
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of LDPE at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80%  RH 
|0.00108
|0.00108
|0.00108
|0.00108
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.93
|1.50
|1.98
|1.88
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|0.66
|0.41
|0.68
|0.63
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|247857
|93568
|264535
|291189
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity..
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 17. Predicted  shelf life (at 30&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% RH) of formulated food products in high  density polyethylene (HDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|2.40
|3.00
|2.60
|2.25
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|5.52
|5.69
|5.83
|6.39
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.90
|3.90
|4.20
|4.35
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|3.90
|2.37
|4.04
|4.80
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of HDPE at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80%  RH 
|0.00009
|0.00009
|0.00009
|0.00009
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 30 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|31.84
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.93
|1.50
|1.98
|1.88
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|0.66
|0.41
|0.68
|0.63
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|297428
|111281
|317441
|349426
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 18. Predicted  shelf life (at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% RH) of formulated food products in low  density polyethylene (LDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.60
|2.70
|2.60
|2.55
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.86
|4.22
|4.05
|4.67
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.80
|3.90
|2.99
|4.35
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|0.51
|3.04
|2.91
|4.24
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of LDPE at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50%  RH 
|0.00194
|0.00194
|0.00194
|0.00194
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|4.33
|4.75
|1.37
|6.63
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.47
|1.56
|0.31
|1.89
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|2311
|14619
|2781
|24703
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 19. Predicted  shelf life (at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50% RH) of formulated food products in high  density polyethylene (HDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.60
|2.70
|2.60
|2.55
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.86
|4.22
|4.05
|4.67
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.80
|3.90
|2.99
|4.35
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|0.51
|3.04
|2.91
|4.24
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of HDPE at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/50%  RH 
|0.00017
|0.00017
|0.00017
|0.00017
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|4.33
|4.75
|1.37
|6.63
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|1.47
|1.56
|0.31
|1.89
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|26372
|27986
|31733
|281891
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 20. Predicted  shelf life (at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% RH) of formulated food products in low  density polyethylene (LDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.60
|2.70
|2.90
|2.50
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|4.00
|5.13
|4.93
|2.96
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.80
|3.90
|3.75
|2.75
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|0.51
|3.04
|2.91
|0.51
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of LDPE at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80%  RH 
|0.00193
|0.00193
|0.00193
|0.00193
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|2.00
|1.98
|1.97
|1.95
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|0.69
|0.68
|0.68
|0.67
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|1090
|6405
|6131
|1059
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''Table 21. Predicted  shelf life (at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80% RH) of formulated food products in high  density polyethylene (HDPE)'''
|-
|Parameter
|NMNFRS
|MNFRS
|NMFRS
|MFRS
|-
|Initial moisture content Mi (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.60
|2.70
|2.90
|2.50
|-
|Equilibrium moisture content Me (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|4.00
|5.13
|4.93
|2.96
|-
|Critical moisture content Mc (gH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/g solids)
|3.80
|3.90
|3.75
|2.75
|-
|Slope of isotherms
|0.51
|3.04
|2.91
|0.51
|-
|Packaging permeability (g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.day.mmHg) of HDPE at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C/80%  RH 
|0.00013
|0.00013
|0.00013
|0.00013
|-
|Packaging area A (m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|0.0151
|-
|Weight of solids W (g)
|5
|5
|5
|5
|-
|Saturated vapour pressure (P&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) of pure H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O  (mmHg) at 40 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C 
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|55.37
|-
|Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|2.00
|1.98
|1.97
|1.95
|-
|1n Me - Mi/Me – Mc
|0.69
|0.68
|0.68
|0.67
|-
|Shelf life (days)
|16187
|95087
|91021
|15718
|-
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |NMNFRS = Non-malted-non fermented rice + soybean flour, MNFRS =  Malted-non fermented + soybean flour, NMFRS = Non-malted-fermented rice +  soybean flour, MFRS = Malted-fermented rice + soybean flour, RH = Relative  humidity.
|}

== Conclusion ==

BET, GAB and DLP equations were employed for the sorption study using nonlinear regression methods. Isotherms showed temperature dependency. The moisture sorption of the rice-based formulated products exhibited sigmoid-shaped isotherms (type 2). Slight hysteresis occurred. The adsorption and desorption phenomenon of the rice-based formulated food products at low water activity exhibited less sensitivity to the environmental storage conditions. NMNFRS and MNFRS are slightly more hygroscopic than NMFRS and MFRS. GAB and BET monolayer moisture contents and energy constant values mostly varied. But slightly showed temperature dependency. Molar sorption enthalpies and the apparent surface area of solids agreed with many classical findings. Sample MFRS showed the highest thermostable characteristics. The sorption parameters obtained in this study have exhibited adequate drying characteristics and hold the potential for long-keeping qualities of the new rice-based formulated food products.

===Acknowledgements===
We thank the Canadian Government, who funded our previous research through the ‘Development of new rice-based products, by the Canadian International Development Agency and Africa Rice Centre under the project ‘Enhancing food security in Africa through the Improvement of rice post-harvest handling, marketing and the development of new rice-based products. Without which, it could have been impossible for feasible transition from our previous research to current ones. We also acknowledge the National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, for providing the rice variety (FARO 44), Anaso Sunday Sigismond (Deputy Director Technologist, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Maiduguri) who supplied and prepared the sulphuric acid concentrations; and Dr. Zachary Cartwright (Lead Food Scientist, Meter Group, USA) who donated MAT 2.0.11.0 for the moisture sorption analysis.

===Competing interests===
The authors declare no conflict of interest.

==References==
{{reflist|35em}}</text>
      <sha1>c8oxkyfcts61p4t5i3q47094hcp08ye</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Large language models</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Conan</username>
        <id>183430</id>
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      <comment>/* MCP Course */</comment>
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      <text bytes="26365" sha1="syz63fyvjgk2jabegfrl4lgiro6i8mz" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Machine learning models designed for natural language processing}}
[[File:LLM-logo.svg|thumb]]
Large language models (LLM's) are software programs that are also known as a form of &quot;artificial intelligence&quot; (AI); LLM's are specifically an aspect of generative AI. This wiki area is for learning, teaching, and research related to LLM's. 
{{RightTOC}}
[[Image:Multiple attention heads.png|right|280px|thumb|An illustration of multiple attention heads, each having its own criteria of relevance of other tokens for one of the tokens within the scope of a context window. (For the purpose of illustration, the context window consists of only one sentence.]]

==Discourse and ideas==
Here is discourse and ideas related to large language models. Perhaps once significantly developed/refined, some of these can have their own sub-page or become a unique learning resource. 
===Learning wikis as training data===
Unless laws change, Creative Commons content appears to be valid training data for LLM's. As LLM's progress and advance, more and more data can be utilized to training increasingly complex models. Learning wikis devoted to learning, teaching, and resource, that allow for original research and original content creation (related to learning, teaching, and research), can potentially be extremely valuable (in terms of educational value) for large language models. Perhaps in the future (if this does not already exist), large language models will be able to continuously be trained on, retain, and learn from new data and information. Perhaps in the future, an open source large language model could only be trained on Creative Commons data, and therefore, all generated content would also be licensed under Creative Commons. 

==Discussion questions==
Here are some learning and teaching oriented discussion questions related to large language models. Humans can use language and mental effort to explore these ideas collaboratively, or some of these could be used as prompts to see how an LLM might respond. 
* Would a large language model that is only trained on Creative Commons licensed data only be capable of generating responses to prompts that can also be rightly and correctly licensed under a Creative Commons license? 
* How might large language models affect learning and research. Will LLM's eventually seen like calculators are in math and sciences now? But for everything (all subjects/topics, including math, physics, ethics, biology, psychology, chemistry, engineering, art)? 
* What are some ethical considerations related to large language models that should be considered? 
* What are some pros and cons to open source large language models? Will open source LLM's likely become more advanced the propriety LLM's eventually? What do you think? 
* How can large language models help to advance and accelerate technological automation in ways that will benefit all of humanity? 
* In what ways can large language models help programmers to code?
* Can music be thought of a language within the realm of large language models? 
* What is differentiable computing and how does differentiable computing relate to large language models? 
* How can teachers utilize large language models to help accelerate student learning and to help students learn more efficiently? 

== Educational prompt ideas==
These are original prompt ideas regarding ways to learn about large language models, and also to explore using LLM's for learning, teaching, and research. Input these into your preferred LLM (without quotes) to see what results are generated. LLM's might produce interesting or useful answers in response to these prompts. Some of these prompts may be interesting or useful for discussions among and between humans. 

* &quot;Describe to me how large language models can be utilized for learning, teaching, and research. Do this in an about 200 word two paragraph mini essay. Explain it to me like I am a freshman in community college.&quot; 
* &quot;Give me a list of 12 ways that large language models can be utilized for learning, teaching, and research.&quot;
* &quot;How can LLM's be utilized to accelerate the pace of research and scientific discovery?&quot;
* &quot;What are some ethical considerations related to large language models that should be considered?&quot;
* &quot;What are some pros and cons to open source large language models? Will open source LLM's likely become more advanced the propriety LLM's eventually? What do you think?&quot;
* &quot;What are some project ideas to integrate large language models in with humanoid robots, and/or other sorts of robots? Please give me 15 project ideas that can be relatively simple or extremely complex.&quot;
* &quot;Please search the Internet if possible. In what ways have university professors and academic researchers been using large language models in the last year? Please respond in list form.&quot;
* &quot;In what ways can large language models help programmers to code? Please provide me 8 examples and respond in list form.&quot;
* &quot;Can music be thought of a language within the realm of large language models?&quot;
* &quot;What is differentiable computing and how does differentiable computing relate to large language models?&quot;
* &quot;How can one fine tune an open source large language model?&quot;
* &quot;What are some popular state of the art open source large language models. Please search the internet as helpful and respond to me in list form.&quot;
* &quot;Please give me a list of important terminology that I should be aware of when working with and training open source large language models. Please be comprehensive. Please respond in list form. And please search the internet as helpful.&quot;
* &quot;What sort of hardware should I utilize to run the most competent open source large language models that I want to utilize for learning, teaching, and research? Please search the internet as helpful.&quot;
* &quot;How can teachers utilize large language models to help accelerate student learning and to help students learn more efficiently? Please respond in list form.&quot;
* &quot;How can researchers utilize large language models to create theories, hypothesis, and to formulate potential research studies? Please respond in short paragraphs, but in list form.&quot;

== Readings and learning media ==
=== Wikipedia ===
{{:Cross-domain_AI_topics}}
==== LLM Topics ====
Categories and lists:
: {{wc|Natural language processing}}
:: {{wc|Tasks of natural language processing}}
: {{wc|Large language models}}
:: {{wc|Generative pre-trained transformers}}
:: {{w|List of large language models}}

===== Basics =====
: {{w|ChatGPT}}
: {{w|Large language model}}
: {{w|Prompt engineering}}
: {{w|GPT-4}}
: {{w|ChatGPT in education}}
: {{w|Turing test}}
: {{w|Natural-language understanding}}
: {{w|Word embedding}}
===== Intermediate =====
: {{w|Fine-tuning (deep learning)}}
: {{w|Transformer (deep learning architecture)}}
: {{w|Attention (machine learning)}}
: {{w|LLaMA}}
: {{w|Mistral AI}}
: {{w|Foundation model}}
: {{w|LangChain}}
: {{w|Generative pre-trained transformer}} (GPT)
: {{w|GitHub Copilot}}

===== Advanced =====
: {{w|Reflection (artificial intelligence)}}
: {{w|Reasoning language model}}
: {{w|Retrieval-augmented generation}}
: {{w|Knowledge distillation}}
: {{w|Model compression}}
: {{w|History of natural language processing}}
: {{w|Neural scaling law}}
: {{w|GitHub Copilot}}
: {{w|Automated reasoning}}
: {{w|Mixture of experts}}
: {{w|Gemini (language model)}}
: {{w|Auto-GPT}}
: {{w|VideoPoet}}
: {{w|Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects}}
: {{w|Artificial intelligence content detection}}
: {{w|Language model}}
:: {{w|Language model benchmark}}
:: {{w|Language_model#Evaluation_and_benchmarks|Evaluation and benchmarks}}
::: {{w|MMLU}}
: {{wc|Tasks of natural language processing}}
:: {{w|Question answering}}
:: {{w|Sentiment analysis}}
:: {{w|Named-entity recognition}}
: {{w|Zero-shot learning}}
: More
:: Internals
::: {{w|Word2vec}}
::: {{w|Seq2seq}}
::: {{w|GloVe}}
:: {{w|List of large language models}}
::: {{w|BERT (language model)|BERT}}
::: {{w|T5 (language model)|T5}}
::: {{w|Llama (language model)|Llama}}
::: {{w|Chinchilla (language model)|Chinchilla AI}}
::: {{w|PaLM}}
::: {{w|Generative pre-trained transformer|GPT}}
::: {{w|GPT-1|1}}, {{w|GPT-2|2}}, {{w|GPT-3|3}}, {{w|GPT-J|J}}
:::: {{w|ChatGPT}}
:::: {{w|GPT-4|4}}, {{w|GPT-4o|4o}}
:::: {{w|OpenAI o1|o1}}, {{w|OpenAI o3|o3}}
::: {{w|Claude (language model)|Claude}}
::: {{w|Gemini (language model)|Gemini}}
:::: {{w|Gemini (chatbot)|chatbot}}
::: {{w|Grok (chatbot)|Grok}}
:: {{w|LaMDA}}
::: {{w|BLOOM (language model)|BLOOM}}
::: {{w|Project Debater}}
::: {{w|IBM Watson}}
::: {{w|IBM Watsonx}}
::: {{w|IBM Granite|Granite}}
::: {{w|Huawei PanGu|PanGu-Σ}}
::: {{w|DeepSeek}}
::: {{w|Qwen}}

===External===
: https://hf.co/learn/
: https://academy.openai.com/
: https://academy.langchain.com/
: [https://medium.com/@tom_21755/understanding-causal-llms-masked-llm-s-and-seq2seq-a-guide-to-language-model-training-d4457bbd07fa Understanding Causal LLM’s, Masked LLM’s, and Seq2Seq: A Guide to Language Model Training Approaches]
: Docs
:: https://docs.x.ai/
:: https://platform.deepseek.com/
:: https://platform.openai.com/
:: https://docs.anthropic.com/
:: https://docs.mistral.ai/
: Papers, publications
:: https://huggingface.co/papers
:: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.11903 Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models, 2022]
:: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.09685 LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models, 2021]
:: [https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762 Attention Is All You Need, 2017]
: Articles
:: https://www.pinecone.io/learn/retrieval-augmented-generation/
:: [https://stpp.fordschool.umich.edu/tags/large-language-models Large Language Models] - Articles
:: [https://hai.stanford.edu/news/how-large-language-models-will-transform-science-society-and-ai How Large Language Models Will Transform Science, Society, and AI]
:: [https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/blog/harnessing-the-power-of-large-language-models-for-economic-and-social-good-foundations/ Harnessing the Power of Large Language Models For Economic and Social Good: Foundations]
:: [https://courses.grainger.illinois.edu/CS447/sp2023/Slides/Lecture27.pdf Lecture 27: Intro to Large Language Models]

==== Model Context Protocol (MCP) Course ====
: [https://huggingface.co/learn/mcp-course/unit0/introduction MCP Course]
==== AI Agents Course ====
[https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit0/introduction Hugging Face AI Agents Course]
: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit1/introduction Introduction to Agents]
:: [https://huggingface.co/learn/agents-course/unit1/agent-steps-and-structure Thought-Action-Observation Cycle]
: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/introduction Frameworks for AI Agents]
:: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/smolagents/introduction smolagents] 
::: [https://huggingface.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/smolagents/code_agents code agents]
::: [https://huggingface.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/smolagents/tools tools]
::: [https://huggingface.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/smolagents/multi_agent_systems multi-agent]
::: ... [https://huggingface.co/docs/smolagents/index docs]
:: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/llama-index/introduction LlamaIndex]
::: ... [https://docs.llamaindex.ai/en/stable/understanding/ docs]
:: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit2/langgraph/introduction LangGraph]
::: ... [https://academy.langchain.com/courses/intro-to-langgraph Introduction to LangGraph], [https://langchain-ai.github.io/langgraph/ docs]
: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/unit3/agentic-rag/introduction Use Case for Agentic RAG]
:: [https://huggingface.co/learn/agents-course/unit3/agentic-rag/invitees tools]
: bonus
:: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/bonus-unit1/introduction Fine-tuning an LLM for Function-calling]
:: [https://hf.co/learn/agents-course/bonus-unit2/introduction Agent Observability and Evaluation]

==== LLM Course ====
Introductory course about natural large language models (LLMs) and language processing (NLP) using libraries from the Hugging Face ecosystem &amp;ndash; Transformers, Datasets, Tokenizers, and Accelerate.

: [https://hf.co/course/chapter0/1 '''LLM Course''']
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/1 Transformer models]
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/2 NLP and LLM], [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/3 What], [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/4 How], [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/5 Encoder], [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/6 Decoder], [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/7 Sequence-to-sequence], [https://hf.co/course/chapter1/8 Bias and limitations], 
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter2/1 Using transformers]:
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter2/2 pipeline], [https://hf.co/course/chapter2/3 models], [https://hf.co/course/chapter2/4 tokenizer], [https://hf.co/course/chapter2/5 batching], decoding, padding, attention mask
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter3/1 Fine-tuning a pretrained model]:
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter3/2 Preprocessing]&lt;small&gt;: tokenization, padding&lt;/small&gt;, [https://hf.co/course/chapter3/3 Fine-tuning], [https://hf.co/course/chapter3/4 Full training], map, [https://hf.co/docs/datasets/index dataset], dynamic padding, batch, collate function, train, predict, evaluate, [https://github.com/huggingface/accelerate accelerate]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter4/1 Sharing models and tokenizers]:
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter4/2 Using], [https://hf.co/course/chapter4/3 Sharing]: push_to_hub, upload_file, Repository, git lfs, [https://hf.co/course/chapter4/4 Model card]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter5/1 The datasets library]:
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter5/2 Loading dataset], [https://hf.co/course/chapter5/3 Slicing], batch, DataFrame, validation, splitting, [https://hf.co/course/chapter5/4 Big]: streaming, [https://hf.co/course/chapter5/5 Creating], [https://hf.co/course/chapter5/6 Semantic search]: embedding, [https://faiss.ai/ FAISS]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/1 The tokenizers library]:
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/2 Training tokenizer], [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/3 Fast], grouping, [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/3b QnA], [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/4 Pre-tokenization], ([https://hf.co/docs/tokenizers/api/models models],[https://hf.co/docs/tokenizers/api/trainers trainers]), [https://hf.co/course/en/chapter6/5 Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE)], [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/6 WordPiece], [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/7 Unigram], [https://hf.co/course/chapter6/8 Building]: [https://hf.co/docs/tokenizers/api/post-processors post processors], [https://hf.co/docs/tokenizers/components#decoders decoders]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/1 Main nlp tasks]:
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/2 Token classification], metrics, perplexity, [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/3 Fine-tuning a masked LM], [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/4 Translation], [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/5 Summarization], [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/6 CLM], [https://hf.co/course/chapter7/7 QnA]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter8/1 How to ask for help]
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter8/2 Error], [https://hf.co/course/chapter8/3 Forums], [https://hf.co/course/chapter8/4 Debugging], [https://hf.co/course/chapter8/5 Issue]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter9/1 Gradio Demos]
::: [https://hf.co/course/chapter9/2 Building], [https://hf.co/course/chapter9/3 Interface class], [https://hf.co/course/chapter9/4 Sharing], [https://hf.co/course/chapter9/5 Integration], [https://hf.co/course/chapter9/7 Gradio Blocks]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter10/1 Curate high-quality datasets]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter11/1 Fine-tune Large Language Models]
:: [https://hf.co/course/chapter12/1 Build Reasoning Models]
:: [https://hf.co/course/events/1 Course Events]

==== Hugging Face docs ====
: https://hf.co/docs
===== Core libraries =====
::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers Transformers] &amp;ndash; State-of-the-art ML for Pytorch, TensorFlow, and JAX.
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/pipeline_tutorial Inference, Tutorials]
::::: {{colbegin|2}} Run inference with pipelines, Write portable code with AutoClass, Preprocess data, Fine-tune a pretrained model, Train with a script, Set up distributed training with Accelerate, Load and train adapters with PEFT, Share your model, Agents 101, Agents, supercharged - Multi-agents, External tools, and more, Generation with LLMs, Chatting with Transformers {{colend}}
::::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/pipeline_tutorial Pipline]
::::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/llm_tutorial LLM]
::::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/conversations Chat]
:::: Tasks
::::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/tasks/sequence_classification NLP]
:::::: Text classification, Token classification, Question answering, Causal language modeling, Masked language modeling, Translation, Summarization, Multiple choice
::::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/tasks/audio_classification Audio], [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/tasks/image_classification Vision],[https://hf.co/docs/transformers/tasks/image_captioning Multimodal], [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/generation_strategies Generation], [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/tasks/idefics Prompting]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/fast_tokenizers Developer guides]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/quantization/overview Quantization]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/performance Performance]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/contributing Contributing]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/philosophy Conceptual guides]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/agent API]
::::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/pipelines#transformers.pipeline pipeline] &amp;ndash; simple interface for inference with models.
::::: ...
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/albert Text models]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/internal/modeling_utils Internal helpers]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/auto#auto-classes Auto classes]: AutoConfig, AutoModel, and AutoTokenizer. The from_pretrained method.
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/trainer#transformers.Trainer Trainer] and [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/main_classes/trainer#transformers.TrainingArguments TrainingArguments] 
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers/main/en/glossary Glossary]
::::: [https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/glossary#head model head]
::: [https://hf.co/docs/datasets Datasets] &amp;ndash; Access and share datasets for computer vision, audio, and NLP tasks.
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/datasets/tutorial Tutorials]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/datasets/how_to How-to guides]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/datasets/about_arrow Conceptual guides]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/datasets/package_reference/main_classes Reference]
::: [https://hf.co/docs/accelerate Accelerate] &amp;ndash; Easily train and use PyTorch models with multi-GPU, TPU, mixed-precision.
::: [https://hf.co/docs/tokenizers Tokenizers] &amp;ndash; Fast tokenizers, optimized for both research and production.
:::: Main components: Normalizers, Pre-tokenizers, Models, Post-Processors, Decoders
:::: More APIs: ... Input Sequences, Encode Inputs, Tokenizer, Encoding, Added Tokens, Visualizer

===== More docs =====
:: [https://hf.co/docs/hub Hub] &amp;ndash; Host Git-based models, datasets and Spaces on the Hugging Face Hub.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/diffusers Diffusers] &amp;ndash; State-of-the-art diffusion models for image and audio generation in PyTorch.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/huggingface_hub Hub Python Library] &amp;ndash; Client library for the HF Hub: manage repositories from your Python runtime.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/huggingface.js Huggingface.js] &amp;ndash; A collection of JS libraries to interact with Hugging Face, with TS types included.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/transformers.js Transformers.js] &amp;ndash; Community library to run pretrained models from Transformers in your browser.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/api-inference Inference API (serverless)] &amp;ndash; Experiment with over 200k models easily using the serverless tier of Inference Endpoints.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/inference-endpoints Inference Endpoints (dedicated)] &amp;ndash; Easily deploy models to production on dedicated, fully managed infrastructure.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/peft PEFT] &amp;ndash; Parameter efficient fine-tuning methods for large models
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/tutorial/peft_model_config Tutorial]
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/task_guides/prompt_based_methods PEFT method guides]
:::: LoRA, IA3
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/developer_guides/model_merging Developer guides]
:::: Model merging, Quantization, LoRA, Custom models, Adapter injection, Mixed adapter types, torch.compile, Contribute to PEFT, Troubleshooting, PEFT checkpoint format
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/accelerate/deepspeed Acceselerate]
:::: DeepSpeed, Fully Sharded Data Parallel
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/conceptual_guides/adapter Conceptual guides]
:::: Adapters, Soft prompts: Prompt tuning, Prefix tuning, P-tuning, Multitask prompt tuning, CPT; IA3, OFT/BOFT
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/package_reference/auto_class API reference]
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/package_reference/auto_class Main classes]
::::: AutoPeftModel, PEFT model, PEFT types, Configuration, Tuner
:::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/package_reference/adalora Adapters]
::::: {{colbegin|2}} AdaLoRA, IA3, Llama-Adapter, LoHa, LoKr, LoRA, X-LoRA, LyCORIS, Multitask Prompt Tuning, OFT, BOFT, Polytropon, P-tuning, Prefix tuning, Prompt tuning, Layernorm tuning,   VeRA, FourierFT, VB-LoRA, HRA, CPT, Bone{{colend}}
::: [https://hf.co/docs/peft/package_reference/merge_utils Utilities]
:::: Model merge, Helpers, Hotswapping adapters
:: [https://hf.co/docs/optimum Optimum] &amp;ndash; Fast training and inference of HF Transformers with easy to use hardware optimization tools.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/optimum-neuron AWS Trainium &amp;amp; Inferentia] &amp;ndash; Train and Deploy Transformers &amp;amp; Diffusers with AWS Trainium and AWS Inferentia via Optimum
:: [https://hf.co/docs/evaluate Evaluate] &amp;ndash; Evaluate and report model performance easier and more standardized.
::: types: metrics, comparisons, measurements
:: [https://hf.co/tasks Tasks]
::: extraction, question answering, classification, generation ...
:: [https://hf.co/docs/dataset-viewer Dataset viewer] &amp;ndash; API to access the contents, metadata and basic statistics of all Hugging Face Hub datasets.
::: Splits and subsets, [https://github.com/huggingface/dataset-viewer dataset-viewer]
:: [https://hf.co/docs/trl TRL] &amp;ndash; Transformer Reinforcement Learning
:::  reward modeling, fine-tuning, optimizations, 
:: [https://hf.co/docs/sagemaker Amazon SageMaker] &amp;ndash; Train and Deploy Transformer models with Amazon SageMaker and Hugging Face Deep Learning Containers (DLC).
:: [https://hf.co/docs/timm timm] &amp;ndash; Pytorch Image Models.
::: State-of-the-art computer vision models, layers, optimizers, training/evaluation, and utilities.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/safetensors Safetensors] &amp;ndash; Simple, safe way to store and distribute neural networks weights.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference Text Generation Inference (TGI)] &amp;ndash; Toolkit to serve Large Language Models.
::: Conceptual Guides
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/chunking V3 update, caching and chunking]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/streaming Streaming]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/quantization Quantization]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/tensor_parallelism Tensor Parallelism]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/paged_attention PagedAttention]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/safetensors Safetensors]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/flash_attention Flash Attention]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/speculation Speculation (Medusa, ngram)]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/guidance How Guidance Works (via outlines)]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/lora LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation)]
::::  [https://hf.co/docs/text-generation-inference/conceptual/external External Resources]

:: [https://hf.co/docs/text-embeddings-inference Text Embeddings Inference] &amp;ndash; Toolkit to serve Text Embedding Models.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/competitions Competitions] &amp;ndash; Create your own competitions on Hugging Face.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/bitsandbytes Bitsandbytes] &amp;ndash; Toolkit to optimize and quantize models.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/optimum-tpu Google TPUs] &amp;ndash; Deploy models on [https://cloud.google.com/tpu/docs Google TPUs] via Optimum.
:: [https://hf.co/docs/chat-ui Chat UI] &amp;ndash; Open source chat frontend, powers the [https://hf.co/chat HuggingChat] app.
:: Extras
::: [https://hf.co/docs/hugs Hugging Face Generative AI Services (HUGS)] 
::: [https://hf.co/docs/leaderboards Leaderboards] &amp;ndash; Create your own Leaderboards on Hugging Face.
::: [https://hf.co/docs/autotrain AutoTrain] &amp;ndash; AutoTrain API and UI.
:::: [https://hf.co/autotrain autotrain]
::: [https://huggingface.co/docs/smolagents/index smolagents]

===Videos===
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5sLYAQS9sWQ How Large Language Models Work]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhCl-GeT4jw Large Language Models and The End of Programming - CS50 Tech Talk with Dr. Matt Welsh]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBI1nPep72Q LMStudio Tutorial Run ANY Open-Source Model LOCALLY]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UU1WVnMk4E8 Create a Large Language Model from Scratch with Python – Tutorial]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eC6Hd1hFvos Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) | w/ Example Code]

===Data sets===
* [https://hf.co/blog/Pclanglais/two-trillion-tokens-open Releasing the largest multilingual open pretraining dataset]
:: [https://hf.co/datasets/PleIAs/common_corpus Common Corpus]
:: [https://hf.co/datasets/PleIAs/common_corpus/tree/main Files and versions]

==See also==
: [[Computer science]]
: [[Artificial intelligence]]
: [[Machine learning]]
: [[Artificial Intelligence &amp; Machine Learning]]
: [[Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Laboratory]]
: [[Artificial Consciousness]]
: [[Supersymmetric Artificial Neural Network]]
: [[History of artificial intelligence]]

[[Category: Computer science]]
[[Category: Machine learning]]
[[Category: Artificial intelligence]]</text>
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  <page>
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      <text bytes="27875" sha1="l9xt57ebb5nh1poa8uyrx62l4fe2svu" xml:space="preserve">—Knowing a partner
[[File:Wedding Exclusives 2 229.jpg|thumb|’Till divorce do us part.]]

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== Introduction ==
You are deeply in love with your romantic partner and both of you are looking forward to a long and happy marriage. Yet you recognize that too many marriages become unhappy and sadly they often end in [[w:Divorce|divorce]]. What can you do now to avoid entering a marriage that is at high risk for failure?

== Objectives: ==
The objectives of this course are to:
* Help you get to know more about your intended marriage partner,
* Identify issues that may need to be addressed before you can be happily married,
* Identify factors that may increase the risk of an unhappy marriage or divorce before you make a marriage commitment,
* Uncover information about your partner that may lead to a decision to postpone or cancel wedding plans,
* Practice discussing difficult topics that are vital to the relationship,
* Increase the basis for trust in the relationship, and
* Increase your chances for a long and happy marriage. 

This course is part of the [[Wisdom/Curriculum|Applied Wisdom curriculum]].

== Interpersonal Commitments ==
The interpersonal commitments that are the central topic of this course include: marriage, the decision to conceive a child, and to a lesser extent the decision to form a business partnership, invest money, or join an organization.

== Failed Relationships ==
Unfortunately, failed interpersonal relationships are quite common. Perhaps because love is blind many marriages end in divorce. Although [[w:Divorce_demography|divorce rates]] vary considerably by country and other demographics, the divorce rate approaches half of the marriage rate in many countries.

In the United States, almost a quarter (23%) of the children under the age of 18 live with [[w:Single_parent|one parent]] and no other adults.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2019/12/12/u-s-children-more-likely-than-children-in-other-countries-to-live-with-just-one-parent/ U.S. has world’s highest rate of children living in single-parent households], [[w:Pew Research Center|Pew Research Center]], December 12, 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marriage partner screening questions ==
Marriage is a huge commitment that will profoundly affect the rest of your life. The decision to marry, including whom to marry, is perhaps the biggest and most important decision you will ever make. It is best to make a carefully informed decision.  However, love is often blind. It is tempting to overlook difficulties in your partner's past and present, fantasize about a perfect marriage, and speed toward a marriage commitment. Discussing in depth with your partner answers to the questions in the following assignment can be difficult but is essential. You are likely to find this an immensely rewarding experience in the long term. If instead it leads to a pause in the relationship or a [[w:Breakup|breakup]], then as painful as it may be at the time, this is probably for the best in the longer term. 

=== Assignment: ===
Before or during the engagement period, and certainly before the actual marriage vows, discuss in depth or write down your answers to each of the following questions completely, accurately, and totally honestly. Share those answers with your intended partner. Ask your partner to do the same. 

Also, the decision to conceive a child carries with it a long-term commitment to raise the child responsibly. It is essential that you are prepared to become a reliable parent for the next 18 years or more before conceiving a child. With or without marriage, it is essential to answer the following questions before conceiving a child.

The following questions are designed to foster open and honest communication, helping the couple understand each other's perspectives, values, and expectations before entering into marriage or conceiving a child.

The only correct answers are totally honest answers. The only incorrect answers are incomplete, misleading, or inaccurate answers. This is an especially good time for you to be impeccable with your word.

# '''Communication and Values:'''&lt;ref&gt;[[w:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] generated text in this section responding to the prompt: “Propose a list of questions that a couple might pose to each other before marriage to ensure trust, compatibility, no surprises, and a long and happy marriage” The generated text has been subsequently edited and augmented. &lt;/ref&gt;
#* What are your core values, and how do you see them aligning with mine?
#* Complete the Wikiversity course [[Finding shared values]] to help discover what is most important to you as a potential couple.
#* How can we continue to communicate effectively?
#* How do you handle disagreements, and what role does effective communication play in your view of a healthy relationship?
# '''Life Goals and Aspirations:'''
#* What are your short-term and long-term goals, and how can we support each other in achieving them?
#* How do you envision our life together in terms of career, family, and personal growth?
# '''Financial Matters:'''
#* How do you approach financial decisions, and what are your views on saving, budgeting, and spending?
#* What is your income? What are your sources of income? What are your financial assets? What are your financial liabilities? 
#* What are your career plans? What is the outlook for your career path? 
#* What are the financial obligations, debts, or concerns that we should discuss and address before marriage?
# '''Family and Children:'''
#* Do you look forward to raising children? How important is this for you?
#* How do you envision our roles as parents, and what parenting styles do you think would work best for us?
#* Are there any specific cultural or familial expectations that we should be aware of and discuss?
#* Please read the essay [[/Children Require Care/]]. Will we be ''prepared parents''? 
# '''Personal Habits and Preferences:'''
#* What are your expectations regarding personal space, alone time, and socializing with friends?
#* What do people notice as your most annoying characteristics or habits?
#* Are there any habits or lifestyle choices that might be important for us to understand and discuss?
# '''Conflict Resolution and Problem-Solving:'''
#* How have you handled conflicts in past relationships, and what have you learned from those experiences?
#* Do you have [[w:Anger_management|anger management]] issues? What happens when you lose your temper?
#* Describe any instances where you have become violent.
#* Complete the Wikiversity Course [[Transcending Conflict]]. 
#* What strategies do you think are effective for resolving conflicts and making joint decisions?
# '''Trust and Transparency:'''
#* How do you define trust in a relationship, and what actions build or break trust for you?
#* Complete the Wikiversity course [[Earning Trust]].
#* Are there any aspects of your past that you feel are important for me to know to build trust between us?
# '''Intimacy and Emotional Support:'''
#* How do you express and expect emotional support in times of stress or challenges?
#* Are you [[Emotional Competency|emotionally competent]]? 
#* Are we [[Being Friends|best friends]]? 
#* What does [[w:Intimate_relationship|intimacy]] mean to you, and how do you envision maintaining a strong emotional connection in our marriage?
# '''Social and Religious Beliefs:'''
#* How important is religion or cultural identity in your life, and what role do you expect it to play in our marriage?
#* Are there specific traditions or rituals that are significant to you, and how can we incorporate them into our shared life?
#* How do you view the role of religion or spirituality in our lives, and how do you see it influencing our decisions and values?
#* Complete the Wikiversity course [[Real Good Religion]]. Are you willing to adopt a real good religion?
#* What are your expectations regarding social activities and spending time with extended family and friends?
# '''Knowing yourself:'''
#* How well do you know yourself?
#* Complete the Wikiversity course [[True Self|Unmasking the True Self]].
#* Invite your partner to complete the [[True Self/personal inventory|personal inventory]] with you. Alternatively, invite your partner to complete the inventory, independently for you, and then compare results. 
#* What to you regard as your most important strengths? 
# '''Reasons for Marriage:'''
#* Do you want to get married? Why do you want to get married?
#* Do you want to marry ''this'' person? Why do you want to marry this person? When do you want to get married? When is the best time to get married? Why then?
# '''Collective Wisdom:'''
#* The [[Pursuing Collective Wisdom/Collective Wisdom Assessment|Collective Wisdom Assessments]] helps teams understand if they are working well together. It can be instructive to consider the relevant questions on that assessment to understand if the two are likely to make a good team.
# '''Future Contingencies:'''
#* How do you feel about the possibility of facing unexpected challenges, and how would you like us to support each other during tough times?
#* How can we best keep our marriage vibrant throughout the years?
#* What do you anticipate coping with a midlife crisis? 
#* Have we discussed all major aspects of our lives and potential issues to ensure there are no surprises in the future?

Discussing past life events, especially those with potential negative impacts, allows a couple to better understand each other's resilience, coping mechanisms, and personal growth.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] generated the text in this section responding to the prompt: “Continue this list emphasizing past life events that may have a negative impact on the marriage” The text has been subsequently edited and augmented.&lt;/ref&gt; It promotes empathy and establishes a foundation for supporting each other through challenges that may arise during their marriage. The following questions explore these areas.

# '''Previous Relationship Experiences:'''
#* What have you learned from past relationships, and how do you think those experiences might impact our marriage?
#* Have you ever been previously engaged, married, or co-habitant with a romantic partner?
#* Have you ever been a prostitute or other [[w:Sex_worker|sex worker]] or spent time with a sex worker?
#* Describe your previous pregnancy experiences, if any. (E.g. have you ever become pregnant or have reason to believe you have impregnated anyone?) Have you donated to a [[w:Sperm_bank|sperm bank]] or have any reason to believe you may have biological children?
#* Are there any unresolved issues from previous relationships that could potentially affect our relationship, and how do you plan to address them?
# '''Family Background and Upbringing:'''
#* How does your family handle conflict, and what aspects of your upbringing might influence our communication and problem-solving?
#* Are there any family patterns or dynamics that we should be aware of to navigate potential challenges together?
# '''In-Laws:'''
#* How well do you know and get along with the (prospective) [[w:Affinity_(law)|in-laws]]?
#* How well do you know and get along with extended family members?
#* What problems do you anticipate?
# '''Traumatic Experiences or Loss:'''
#* Have you experienced any significant [[w:Psychological_trauma|traumas]] or losses in your life, and how do you cope with the aftermath of such events?
#* Are there [[w:Trauma_trigger|triggers]] or sensitivities related to past experiences that might arise, and how can we support each other during difficult times?
# '''Health Challenges:'''
#* Are there any past or current health challenges that may impact our marriage, and how do you envision handling these challenges together?
#* What [[w:Birth_defect|birth defects]], [[w:Genetic_disorder|genetic disorders]], or [[w:Disability|disabilities]] do you have, if any?
#* Is there a history of physical or mental health issues in your family?
#* Are you presently suffering from any illness; [[w:Sexually_transmitted_infection|sexually transmitted]], [[w:Mental_disorder|mental]], infectious, or otherwise?
#* What is the most serious disease you have ever contracted?
#* What is the most serious injury you have ever suffered?
#* If you are planning to have children, consider obtaining [[w:Genetic_testing|genetic testing]] and sharing the results to uncover any carrier status or other incompatibilities.
#* How have you coped with health-related stressors in the past, and what kind of support do you anticipate needing?
# '''Financial Setbacks:'''
#* Have there been any significant financial setbacks or hardships in your past, and how did you navigate through them?
#* How do you handle stress related to financial difficulties, and what steps have you taken to prevent or overcome such challenges in the future?
# '''Career Struggles:'''
#* Have you faced any career-related challenges or setbacks, and how did those experiences shape your attitudes towards work and success?
#* How do you balance career aspirations with personal life, and what support do you need from a partner during times of professional stress?
# '''Legal Issues or Liabilities:'''
#* Are there any legal matters or liabilities from your past that might have consequences for our marriage?
#* Have you ever been arrested? Convicted of a crime? The defendant in a civil suit? Are you a party to any lawsuits or other legal actions? Describe each.
#* How have you addressed legal challenges in the past, and what proactive steps have you taken to avoid potential issues in the future?
# '''Addictions or Unhealthy Habits:'''
#* Have you ever struggled with [[w:Addiction|addiction]] or unhealthy habits, and what steps have you taken to address and overcome them?
#* Is there any history of addiction, of any kind, in your family? 
#* How do you envision maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and how can we support each other in making positive choices?
# '''Past Mistakes and Lessons Learned:'''
#* What mistakes have you made in the past, and what have you learned from them?
#* How do you approach personal growth and learning from past experiences to ensure a positive and evolving relationship?
# '''Support Systems and Coping Mechanisms:'''
#* Who are your support systems, and how do you rely on them during challenging times?
#* What [[w:Coping|coping]] mechanisms have you developed to deal with life's difficulties, and how can we integrate them into our shared life?

The following questions delve into the intricate details of a couple's expectations, values, and preferences in various aspects of life.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] generated text for this section responding to the prompt: “Please continue considering expectations for fidelity, religious or cultural beliefs and expectations, pets, children, work roles, housekeeping roles, sexual pleasure”. The text has been subsequently edited and augmented. &lt;/ref&gt; Open and honest communication about these topics fosters a deeper understanding, aligns expectations, and lays the groundwork for a successful and fulfilling marriage.

[[File:Baby Sofia.jpg|thumb|Parenting is an awesome responsibility.]]

#'''Expectations for Fidelity:'''
#* How do you define [[w:Infidelity|fidelity]] and what level of commitment do you expect in terms of emotional and physical exclusivity?
#* Are you expecting and committing to a [[w:Monogamy|monogamous]] relationship?
#* Have past experiences shaped your views on fidelity, and how can we ensure a trusting and [[w:Monogamy|monogamous]] relationship?
#'''Pets:'''
#* What are your feelings about having pets, and are there any specific animals you would or wouldn't want in our home?
#* How do you envision sharing responsibilities for the care and well-being of pets?
#'''Intellectual Compatibility:'''
#*What is the highest level of education you have completed?
#*Do you estimate your [[w:Intelligence|intelligence]] as average, above average, or below average? Why?
#*When do you prefer [[Knowing_Someone/Big_Talk|big talk]] over [[Social Skills/The Social Skill of Small Talk|small talk]]? 
#'''Children:'''
#* What are your expectations regarding the number of children and their upbringing?
#* How do you envision sharing [[w:Parenting|parenting]] responsibilities, and what role do you see for each of us in our children's lives?
#* Please read the essay [[/Children Require Care/]]. Will we be ''prepared parents''?
#'''Work Roles:'''
#* How do you see the division of labor when it comes to work responsibilities, both inside and outside the home?
#* What do you foresee as the ideal work, life balance?
#* How might we achieve that balance?
#* How will our careers and professional aspirations impact our marriage, and how can we support each other's ambitions?
#'''Housekeeping Roles:'''
#* How do you approach [[w:Homemaking|household chores]] and responsibilities, and what are your expectations in terms of cleanliness and organization?
#* Are there specific tasks that you feel more comfortable or skilled in, and how can we create a fair distribution of household duties?
#'''Sexual Pleasure:'''
#* What is your [[w:Sexual_orientation|sexual orientation]]? Are you heterosexual, homosexual, [[w:Bisexuality|bisexual]], or [[w:Asexuality|asexual]]?
#* What is your [[w:Gender|gender]]? Are you male, female, or [[w:Non-binary_gender|nonbinary]]?
#* Are you [[w:Cisgender|cisgender]] or [[w:Transgender|transgender]]?
#* How do you communicate your desires and boundaries in terms of [[w:Human_sexual_activity|sexual intimacy]]?
#* What are your expectations regarding frequency, variety, and communication around [[w:Sexual_stimulation|sexual pleasure]] in our marriage?
#'''Intimacy and Emotional Connection:'''
#* How do you prioritize and maintain emotional intimacy in our relationship?
#* Are there specific ways you prefer to express and receive love, and how can we ensure our emotional connection remains strong?
#'''Quality Time and Leisure:'''
#* How do you envision spending [[w:Quality_time|quality time]] together, and what activities bring you joy and relaxation?
#* What do you foresee us doing for [[Playing|fun]]?
#* Describe your preferred [[w:Work–life_balance|balance among work]], leisure, socializing, solitude, and spending time with the family.
#* Are there expectations or preferences for alone time, and how can we balance individual interests with shared experiences?
#'''Personal Growth and Development:'''
#* How do you support each other's personal growth and individual pursuits?
#* How can we keep from growing apart?
#* Are there specific goals or dreams you have for yourself that may impact our marriage, and how can we work together to achieve them?

The following questions address potential challenges related to addiction and [[w:Abusive_power_and_control|abusive behaviors]], promoting [[Practicing Dialogue|open dialogue]] and a proactive approach to creating a safe and healthy marital environment.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] generated the text for this section responding to the prompt: “Continue with questions about for drug use, drug abuse, emotional and physical abuse, spouse abuse, child abuse, compulsive spending, gambling, and other forms of addictive behavior”. The text has been subsequently augmented and edited. &lt;/ref&gt; Discussing these topics allows for mutual understanding and establishes a foundation for addressing potential issues with empathy and support.
[[File:Ken_after_a_day_of_shopping_and_drinking_in_NYC._(2973632360).jpg|thumb|[[w:Alcoholism|Alcoholism]] stresses relationshps. ]]
# '''Drug Use and Abuse:'''
#* What is your stance on [[w:Recreational_drug_use|recreational drug use]], and are there any specific substances you consider off-limits?
#* Describe your own use of alcohol, including specifics about the frequency, duration, quantity, and effects of alcohol use.
#* Are you an [[w:Alcoholism|alcoholic]], actual, borderline, or potential? How do you know? Who is your closest relative who is an alcoholic? Name all of you alcoholic relatives, suspected or confirmed.
#* Describe your own use of recreational (or potentially addictive) drugs, including specifics about the frequency, duration, quantity, and effects of drug use.
#* How have past experiences or the experiences of those close to you influenced your views on drug use, and what boundaries do you propose regarding substance use?
# '''Emotional and Physical Abuse:'''
#* How do you define [[w:Psychological_abuse|emotional]] and [[w:Physical_abuse|physical abuse]], and what are your expectations for maintaining a safe and respectful environment in our relationship?
#* Have you or any of your family members been victims of emotional or physical abuse, including [[w:Bullying|bullying]]? Have you ever abused anyone? 
#* What steps would you take if you felt either of us was engaging in harmful behavior, and how can we work together to create a healthy and supportive atmosphere?
# '''Spouse Abuse:'''
#* What is your stance on any form of [[w:Domestic_violence|abuse within a marriage]], and how can we ensure that our relationship remains free from harmful behaviors?
#* Are there past experiences or family dynamics that we should be aware of to address potential triggers or challenges?
# '''Child Abuse:'''
#* How do you view the role of discipline in parenting, and what strategies do you consider appropriate and inappropriate?
#* What are your thoughts on seeking professional help or counseling if challenges arise in terms of parenting and potential issues with child abuse?
# '''Compulsive Spending:'''
#* How do you approach financial decisions and spending habits, and what are your views on compulsive or impulsive spending?
#* What is your spending history? Is there any reason to anticipate problem spending? 
#* Are there specific financial goals or boundaries you propose to avoid potential issues related to [[w:Compulsive_buying_disorder|compulsive spending]]?
# '''Gambling:'''
#* What are your thoughts on [[w:Gambling|gambling]], and how do you view the potential impact of gambling on our financial stability?
#* What, if anything, is your gambling history? Is there any reason to anticipate [[w:Problem_gambling|problem gambling]]? 
#* Are there limits or boundaries you suggest regarding gambling activities to ensure responsible behavior?
# '''Other Forms of Addictive Behavior:'''
#* How do you define [[w:Addictive_behavior|addictive behavior]], and what signs would you look for to identify such behavior in yourself or your partner?
#* Are you a [[w:Workaholic|workaholic]]?
#* Are there past experiences or family history that might indicate a predisposition to addictive behaviors, and how can we work together to address and prevent them?
# '''Seeking Help and Support:'''
#* What is your perspective on seeking professional help or [[w:Outline_of_counseling|counseling]] if either of us faces challenges related to substance abuse or addictive behaviors?
#* How can we create an environment where open communication about these issues is encouraged, and seeking help is seen as a positive step?
# '''Preventive Measures:'''
#* What preventive measures or strategies can we implement to maintain a healthy and supportive environment, reducing the risk of engaging in harmful behaviors?
#* How can we hold each other accountable and support one another in making positive choices for our well-being?
# '''Understanding Triggers:'''
#* Are there specific situations, stressors, or [[w:Trauma_trigger|triggers]] that might contribute to engaging in addictive or harmful behaviors?
#* How can we work together to identify and address these triggers proactively to maintain a strong and resilient relationship?

After asking and answering these questions, please carefully reevaluate your decision to make this interpersonal commitment.

== Business Partnerships ==
Romance aside, [[w:Partnership|business partnerships]] often resemble marriages. If you are planning on forming a business partnership, it can be useful to go through the relevant questions presented above to uncover any incompatibilities that may challenge your planned business partnership.

Consider agreeing to run [[w:Background_check|background checks]] on each other. 

== Avoid Fraud ==
You may be tempted to invest money or engage in some endeavor that turns out to be a costly [[w:Fraud|fraud]]. According to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), many [[w:Ponzi_scheme|Ponzi]] schemes share characteristics that should be &quot;[[w:Ponzi_scheme#Red_flags|red flags]]&quot; for investors. Consider their [[w:Ponzi_scheme#Red_flags|list of red flags]] before investing. 

Many [[w:Scam|confidence tricks]] have successfully defrauded unsuspecting victims. Author Edward H. Smith lists these &quot;[[w:Scam#Stages|six definite steps or stages of growth]]&quot; of a confidence game. Be sure to disengage before it is too late. Confidence games evolve to meet the current challenges and opportunities. Beware of various forms of [[w:Internet_fraud|Internet fraud]], [[w:Romance_scam|romance scams]], and [[w:Pig_butchering_scam|pig butchering]], along with other modern forms of deception and fraud.  

== Avoid Cults ==
A [[w:Cult|cult]] is a relatively small group which is typically led by a charismatic and self-appointed leader, who tightly controls its members, requiring unwavering devotion to a set of beliefs and practices which are considered deviant (outside the norms of society). 

This term is also used for a [[w:New_religious_movement|new religious movement]] or other social group which is defined by its unusual religious, spiritual, or philosophical beliefs and rituals, or its common interest in a particular person, object, or goal.

If you are facing formal or informal barriers to exit, you are in a cult, not a [[Creating Communities|community]]. It is best to exit as soon as you can.

== Recommended Reading ==
Students who are interested in learning more about informed commitments may wish to read these books:

*{{cite book |last=Fromm |first=Erich |author-link=w:Erich_Fromm |date=August 6, 2019 |title=The Art of Loving  |publisher=Harper Perennial Modern Classics |pages=192 |isbn=978-0061129735}}
*{{cite book |last=Fisher |first=Helen  |author-link=w:Helen_Fisher_(anthropologist) |date=January 2, 2005 |title=Why We Love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love  |publisher=Holt Paperbacks |pages=320 |isbn=978-0805077964}}
*{{cite book |last=Ruggiero |first=Vincent |date=January 1, 2003 |title=The Practice of Loving Kindness: A Guide to Spiritual Fulfillment and Social Harmony  |publisher=New City Press |pages=152 |isbn=978-1565481800}}
*{{cite book |last=Salzberg |first=Sharon |author-link=w:Sharon_Salzberg |date=July 17, 2018 |title=Lovingkindness: The Revolutionary Art of Happiness  |publisher=Shambhala  |pages=272 |isbn=978-1611806243}}
*{{cite book |last=Horstman |first=Judith |date=December 27, 2011 |title=The Scientific American Book of Love, Sex and the Brain: The Neuroscience of How, When, Why and Who We Love  |publisher=Jossey-Bass |pages=256 |isbn=978-0470647783}}
*{{cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Eugene C |author-link=w:Eugene_Kennedy |date=January 1, 1975 |title=If you really knew me, would you still like me?  |publisher=Argus Communications |pages=118 |isbn=978-0913592519}}
*{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=Thomas |author-link= |date=January 9, 2001 |title=A General Theory of Love  |publisher=Vintage |pages=274 |isbn=978-0375709227}}
*{{cite book |last=Covey |first=Stephen R. |author-link=w: |date=January 17, 1996 |title=First Things First  |publisher= |pages= |isbn=}}

== References ==
&lt;references/&gt;
{{CourseCat}}
{{Emotional Competency}}
[[Category:Life skills]]
[[Category:Applied Wisdom]]
[[Category:Peace studies]]
[[Category:Humanities courses]]
[[Category:Community]]
[[Category:Parenting]]</text>
      <sha1>l9xt57ebb5nh1poa8uyrx62l4fe2svu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Params</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>308015</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717909</id>
      <parentid>2713998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-05T17:47:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>1192007</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Import upstream updates</comment>
      <origin>2717909</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="65266" sha1="bj8xz1z0g31ss1p5uix7rz09euim8kb" xml:space="preserve">	---                                        ---
	---     LOCAL ENVIRONMENT                  ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Abstract utilities ]]--
	----------------------------


-- Helper function for `string.gsub()` (for managing zero-padded numbers)
local function zero_padded (str)
	return ('%03d%s'):format(#str, str)
end


-- Helper function for `table.sort()` (for natural sorting)
local function natural_sort (var1, var2)
	return tostring(var1):gsub('%d+', zero_padded) &lt;
		tostring(var2):gsub('%d+', zero_padded)
end


-- Return a copy or a reference to a table
local function copy_or_ref_table (src, refonly)
	if refonly then return src end
	newtab = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do newtab[key] = val end
	return newtab
end


-- Remove some numeric elements from a table, shifting everything to the left
local function remove_numeric_keys (tbl, idx, len)
	local cache = {}
	local tmp = idx + len - 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt;= idx then
			if key &gt; tmp then cache[key - len] = val end
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Make a reduced copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_reduced (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret = {}
	local tmp = idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = 1 - idx
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Make an expanded copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
--[[
local function copy_table_expanded (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret = {}
	local tmp = idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = idx - 1
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; 0 then ret[key + tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; 1 then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end
]]--


-- Move a key from a table to another, but only if under a different name and
-- always parsing numeric strings as numbers
local function steal_if_renamed (val, src, skey, dest, dkey)
	local realkey = tonumber(dkey) or dkey:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if skey ~= realkey then
		dest[realkey] = val
		src[skey] = nil
	end
end


	--[[ Public strings ]]--
	------------------------


-- Special match keywords (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local mkeywords = {
	['or'] = 0,
	pattern = 1,
	plain = 2,
	strict = 3
}


-- Sort functions (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local sortfunctions = {
	--alphabetically = false, -- Simply uncommenting enables the option
	naturally = natural_sort
}


-- Callback styles for the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of modifiers
-- (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
--[[

Meanings of the columns:

  col[1] = Loop type (0-3)
  col[2] = Number of module arguments that the style requires (1-3)
  col[3] = Minimum number of sequential parameters passed to the callback
  col[4] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter name
  col[5] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter value
  col[6] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[4]`
  col[7] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[5]`

A value of `-1` indicates that no meaningful value is stored (i.e. `nil`)

]]--
local mapping_styles = {
	names_and_values = { 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, -1, -1 },
	values_and_names = { 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, -1, -1 },
	values_only = { 1, 2, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1 },
	names_only = { 2, 2, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1 },
	names_and_values_as = { 3, 4, 0, -1, -1, 2, 3 },
	names_only_as = { 2, 3, 0, -1, -1, 2, -1 },
	values_only_as = { 1, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, 2 },
	blindly = { 0, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1 }
}


-- Memory slots (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local memoryslots = {
	i = 'itersep',
	l = 'lastsep',
	p = 'pairsep',
	h = 'header',
	f = 'footer',
	n = 'ifngiven'
}


-- Possible trimming modes for the `parsing` modifier
local trim_parse_opts = {
	trim_none = { false, false },
	trim_positional = { false, true },
	trim_named = { true, false },
	trim_all = { true, true }
}


-- Possible string modes for the iteration separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local isep_parse_opts = {
	splitter_pattern = false,
	splitter_string = true
}


-- Possible string modes for the key-value separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local psep_parse_opts = {
	setter_pattern = false,
	setter_string = true
}


-- Functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names too: `let`


	--[[ Module's private environment ]]--
	--------------------------------------


-- Hard-coded name of the module (to avoid going through `frame:getTitle()`)
local modulename = 'Module:Params'


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the `frame.args`
-- metatable to be copied into a regular table; if they are modifiers they also
-- guarantee that they will make their own (modified) copy available
local refpipe = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	coins = true,
	count = true,
	for_each = true,
	list = true,
	list_values = true,
	value_of = true
}


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the
-- `frame:getParent().args` metatable to be copied into a regular table; if 
-- they are modifiers they also guarantee that they will make their own
-- (modified) copy available
local refparams = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	combining_by_calling = true,
	concat_and_call = true,
	concat_and_invoke = true,
	concat_and_magic = true,
	count = true,
	--inserting = true,
	grouping_by_calling = true,
	converting_names_to_uppercase = true,
	converting_names_to_lowercase = true,
	value_of = true,
	with_name_matching = true
}


-- Maximum number of numeric parameters that can be filled, if missing (we
-- chose an arbitrary number for this constant; you can discuss about its
-- optimal value at Module talk:Params)
local maxfill = 1024


-- The private table of functions
local library = {}


-- Functions and modifiers that can only be invoked in first position
local static_iface = {}


-- Create a new context
local function context_new (frame)
	local ctx = {}
	ctx.frame = frame
	ctx.oparams = frame.args
	ctx.firstposonly = static_iface
	ctx.iterfunc = pairs
	ctx.sorttype = 0
	ctx.n_parents = 0
	ctx.n_children = 0
	ctx.n_available = maxfill
	return ctx
end


-- Move to the next action within the user-given list
local function context_iterate (ctx, n_forward)
	local nextfn
	if ctx.pipe[n_forward] ~= nil then
		nextfn = ctx.pipe[n_forward]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	if nextfn == nil then error(modulename ..
		': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
	if library[nextfn] == nil then
		if ctx.firstposonly[nextfn] == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. nextfn .. '’ does not exist', 0)
		else error(modulename .. ': The ‘' .. nextfn ..
			'’ directive can only appear in first position', 0)
		end
	end
	remove_numeric_keys(ctx.pipe, 1, n_forward)
	return library[nextfn]
end


-- Main loop
local function main_loop (ctx, start_with)
	local fn = start_with
	repeat fn = fn(ctx) until not fn
	if ctx.n_parents &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': One or more ‘merging_substack’ directives are missing', 0) end
	if ctx.n_children &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		', For some of the snapshots either the ‘flushing’ directive is missing or a group has not been properly closed with ‘merging_substack’', 0) end
end


-- Add a new stack of parameters to `ctx.children`
local function push_cloned_stack (ctx, tbl)
	local newparams = {}
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { newparams }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = newparams end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
end


-- Parse optional user arguments of type `...|[let]|[...][number of additional
-- parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]`
local function load_child_opts (src, start_from, append_after)
	local names
	local tmp
	local tbl = {}
	local pin = start_from
	if src[pin] ~= nil and src[pin]:match'^%s*let%s*$' then
		names = {}
		repeat
			tmp = src[pin + 1] or ''
			names[tonumber(tmp) or tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' or ''] =
				src[pin + 2]
			pin = pin + 3
		until src[pin] == nil or not src[pin]:match'^%s*let%s*$'
	end
	tmp = tonumber(src[pin])
	if tmp ~= nil then
		if tmp &lt; 0 then tmp = -1 end
		local shf = append_after - pin
		for idx = pin + 1, pin + tmp do tbl[idx + shf] = src[idx] end
		pin = pin + tmp + 1
	end
	if names ~= nil then
		for key, val in pairs(names) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return tbl, pin
end


-- Load the optional arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*`
-- class of modifiers
local function load_callback_opts (src, n_skip, default_style)
	local style
	local shf
	local tmp = src[n_skip + 1]
	if tmp ~= nil then style = mapping_styles[tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if style == nil then
		style = default_style
		shf = n_skip - 1
	else shf = n_skip end
	local n_exist = style[3]
	local karg = style[4]
	local varg = style[5]
	tmp = style[6]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		tmp = src[tmp + shf]
		karg = tonumber(tmp)
		if karg == nil then karg = tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		else n_exist = math.max(n_exist, karg) end
	end
	tmp = style[7]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		tmp = src[tmp + shf]
		varg = tonumber(tmp)
		if varg == nil then varg = tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		else n_exist = math.max(n_exist, varg) end
	end
	local dest, nargs = load_child_opts(src, style[2] + shf, n_exist)
	tmp = style[1]
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 2) and dest[karg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 2 end
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 1) and dest[varg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 1 end
	return dest, nargs, tmp, karg, varg
end


-- Parse the arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of
-- modifiers
local function load_replace_args (opts, fname)
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. fname .. '’: No pattern string was given', 0) end
	if opts[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. fname .. '’: No replacement string was given', 0) end
	local ptn = opts[1]
	local repl = opts[2]
	local argc = 3
	local nmax = tonumber(opts[3])
	if nmax ~= nil or (opts[3] or ''):match'^%s*$' ~= nil then argc = 4 end
	local flg = opts[argc]
	if flg ~= nil then flg = mkeywords[flg:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if flg == 0 then flg = nil elseif flg ~= nil then argc = argc + 1 end
	return ptn, repl, nmax, flg == 3, argc, (nmax ~= nil and nmax &lt; 1) or
		(flg == 3 and ptn == repl)
end


-- Parse the arguments of the `with_*_matching` class of modifiers
local function load_pattern_args (opts, fname)
	local state = 0
	local cnt = 1
	local keyw
	local nptns = 0
	local ptns = {}
	for _, val in ipairs(opts) do
		if state == 0 then
			nptns = nptns + 1
			ptns[nptns] = { val, false, false }
			state = -1
		else
			keyw = val:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if keyw == nil or mkeywords[keyw] == nil or (
				state &gt; 0 and mkeywords[keyw] &gt; 0
			) then break
			else
				state = mkeywords[keyw]
				if state &gt; 1 then ptns[nptns][2] = true end
				if state == 3 then ptns[nptns][3] = true end
			end
		end
		cnt = cnt + 1
	end
	if state == 0 then error(modulename .. ', ‘' .. fname ..
		'’: No pattern was given', 0) end
	return ptns, nptns, cnt
end


-- Load the optional arguments of the `parsing` and `reinterpreting` modifiers
local function load_parse_opts (opts, start_from)
	local argc = start_from
	local tmp
	local optslots = { true, true, true }
	local noptslots = 3
	local trimn = true
	local trimu = false
	local iplain = true
	local pplain = true
	local isp = '|'
	local psp = '='
	repeat
		noptslots = noptslots - 1
		tmp = opts[argc]
		if tmp == nil then break end
		tmp = tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if optslots[1] ~= nil and trim_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			tmp = trim_parse_opts[tmp]
			trimn = tmp[1]
			trimu = tmp[2]
			optslots[1] = nil
		elseif optslots[2] ~= nil and isep_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			iplain = isep_parse_opts[tmp]
			isp = opts[argc]
			optslots[2] = nil
		elseif optslots[3] ~= nil and psep_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			pplain = psep_parse_opts[tmp]
			psp = opts[argc]
			optslots[3] = nil
		else break end
		argc = argc + 1
	until noptslots &lt; 1
	return isp, iplain, psp, pplain, trimn, trimu, argc
end


-- Map parameters' values using a custom callback and a referenced table
local value_maps = {
	[0] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = fn() end
	end,
	[1] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end
}


-- Private table for `map_names()`
local name_thieves_maps = {
	[0] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[1] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end
}


-- Map parameters' names using a custom callback and a referenced table
local function map_names (tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, fn)
	local cache = {}
	name_thieves_maps[looptype](cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Return a new table that contains `src` regrouped according to the numeric
-- suffixes in its keys
local function make_groups (src)
	-- NOTE: `src` might be the original metatable!
	local tmp
	local prefix
	local gid
	local groups = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		-- `key` must only be a string or a number...
		gid = tonumber(key)
		if gid == nil then
			prefix, gid = key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*(%-?%d*)%s*$'
			gid = tonumber(gid) or ''
		else prefix = '' end
		if groups[gid] == nil then groups[gid] = {} end
		tmp = tonumber(prefix)
		if tmp ~= nil then
			if tmp &lt; 1 then prefix = tmp - 1 else prefix = tmp end
		end
		groups[gid][prefix] = val
	end
	return groups
end


-- Populate a table by parsing a parameter string
local function parse_parameter_string (tbl, str, isp, ipl, psp, ppl, trn, tru)
	local key
	local val
	local spos1
	local spos2
	local pos1
	local pos2
	local pos3 = 0
	local idx = 1
	local lenplone = #str + 1
	if isp == nil or isp == '' then
		if psp == nil or psp == '' then
			if tru then tbl[idx] = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else tbl[idx] = str end
			return tbl
		end
		spos1, spos2 = str:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else val = str end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = str:sub(1, spos1 - 1)
			key = tonumber(key) or key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			val = str:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
		return tbl
	end
	if psp == nil or psp == '' then
		repeat
			pos1 = pos3 + 1
			pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
			val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			tbl[idx] = val
			idx = idx + 1
		until pos2 == nil
		return tbl
	end
	repeat
		pos1 = pos3 + 1
		pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
		val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
		spos1, spos2 = val:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = val:sub(1, spos1 - 1)
			key = tonumber(key) or key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			val = val:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
	until pos2 == nil
	return tbl
end


-- Concatenate the numeric keys from the table of parameters to the numeric
-- keys from the table of options; non-numeric keys from the table of options
-- will prevail over colliding non-numeric keys from the table of parameters
local function concat_params (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmax = table.maxn(ctx.pipe)
	local retval = {}
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		-- We need only the sequence
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do retval[key + nmax] = val end
	else
		if ctx.subset == -1 then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				retval[key + nmax] = val
			else retval[key] = val end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do retval[key] = val end
	return retval
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling a custom function for each value (after this
-- function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function flush_params (ctx, fn)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums = {}
		local words = {}
		local nn = 0
		local nw = 0
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' then
				nn = nn + 1
				nums[nn] = key
			else
				nw = nw + 1
				words[nw] = key
			end
		end
		table.sort(nums)
		table.sort(words, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
			for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
			return
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset ~= -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
end


	--[[ Modifiers ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sequential|pipe to
library.sequential = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘non-sequential’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ and ‘reassorted’ directives are redundant when followed by ‘sequential’', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc = ipairs
	ctx.subset = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|non-sequential|pipe to
library['non-sequential'] = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘non-sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc = pairs
	ctx.subset = -1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|all_sorted|pipe to
library.all_sorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘reassorted’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassorted|pipe to
library.reassorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘reassorted’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 2
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting|directives|...|pipe to
library.setting = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local cmd = opts[1]
	if cmd ~= nil then
		cmd = cmd:gsub('%s+', ''):gsub('/+', '/'):match'^/*(.*[^/])'
	end
	if cmd == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘setting’: No directive was given', 0) end
	local sep = string.byte('/')
	local argc = 2
	local dest = {}
	local vname
	local chr
	for idx = 1, #cmd do
		chr = cmd:byte(idx)
		if chr == sep then
			for key, val in ipairs(dest) do
				ctx[val] = opts[argc]
				dest[key] = nil
			end
			argc = argc + 1
		else
			vname = memoryslots[string.char(chr)]
			if vname == nil then error(modulename ..
				', ‘setting’: Unknown slot ‘' ..
				string.char(chr) .. '’', 0) end
			table.insert(dest, vname)
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(dest) do ctx[val] = opts[argc] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|squeezing|pipe to
library.squeezing = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local store = {}
	local indices = {}
	local newlen = 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			newlen = newlen + 1
			indices[newlen] = key
			store[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	table.sort(indices)
	for idx = 1, newlen do tbl[idx] = store[indices[idx]] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|filling_the_gaps|pipe to
library.filling_the_gaps = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmin = 1
	local nmax = nil
	local nnums = -1
	local tmp = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmax == nil then
				if key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
				nmax = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
			nnums = nnums + 1
			tmp[key] = val
		end
	end
	if nmax ~= nil and nmax - nmin &gt; nnums then
		ctx.n_available = ctx.n_available + nmin + nnums - nmax
		if ctx.n_available &lt; 0 then error(modulename ..
			', ‘filling_the_gaps’: It is possible to fill at most ' ..
			tostring(maxfill) .. ' parameters', 0) end
		for idx = nmin, nmax, 1 do tbl[idx] = '' end
		for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|clearing|pipe to
library.clearing = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local numerics = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(numerics) do tbl[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cutting|left cut|right cut|pipe to
library.cutting = function (ctx)
	local lcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if lcut == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Left cut must be a number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if rcut == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Right cut must be a number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local len = #tbl
	if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
	if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
	local tot = lcut + rcut
	if tot &gt; 0 then
		local cache = {}
		if tot &gt;= len then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
			tot = len
		else
			for idx = len - rcut + 1, len, 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = 1, lcut, 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				if key &gt; len then cache[key - tot] = val
				else cache[key - lcut] = val end
				tbl[key] = nil
			end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cropping|left crop|right crop|pipe to
library.cropping = function (ctx)
	local lcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if lcut == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Left crop must be a number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if rcut == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Right crop must be a number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmin
	local nmax
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmin == nil then
				nmin = key
				nmax = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	if nmin ~= nil then
		local len = nmax - nmin + 1
		if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
		if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
		if lcut + rcut - len &gt; -1 then
			for key in pairs(tbl) do
				if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key] = nil end
			end
		elseif lcut + rcut &gt; 0 then
			for idx = nmax - rcut + 1, nmax do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = nmin, nmin + lcut - 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			local lshift = nmin + lcut - 1
			if lshift &gt; 0 then
				for idx = lshift + 1, nmax, 1 do
					tbl[idx - lshift] = tbl[idx]
					tbl[idx] = nil
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|purging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.purging = function (ctx)
	local idx = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if idx == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Start offset must be a number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Length must be a number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &lt; 1 then
		len = len + table.maxn(tbl)
		if idx &gt; len then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		len = len - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(tbl, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|backpurging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.backpurging = function (ctx)
	local last = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if last == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Start offset must be a number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Length must be a number', 0) end
	local idx
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &gt; 0 then
		idx = last - len + 1
	else
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and (idx == nil or
				key &lt; idx) then idx = key end
		end
		if idx == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		idx = idx - len
		if last &lt; idx then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		len = last - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(ctx.params, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|rotating|pipe to
library.rotating = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local numerics = {}
	local nmax = 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax - key + 1] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pivoting|pipe to
--[[
library.pivoting = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local shift = #tbl + 1
	if shift &lt; 2 then return library.rotating(ctx) end
	local numerics = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[shift - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mirroring|pipe to
--[[
library.mirroring = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local numerics = {}
	local nmax
	local nmin
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
			if nmax == nil then
				nmax = key
				nmin = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax + nmin - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local cache = {}
	local nsize = 0
	local tmp
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			nsize = nsize + 1
			cache[nsize] = key
		end
	end
	table.sort(cache)
	for idx = math.floor(nsize / 2), 1, -1 do
		tmp = tbl[cache[idx] ]
		tbl[cache[idx] ] = tbl[cache[nsize - idx + 1] ]
		tbl[cache[nsize - idx + 1] ] = tmp
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sorting_sequential_values|[criterion]|pipe to
library.sorting_sequential_values = function (ctx)
	local sortfn
	if ctx.pipe[1] ~= nil then sortfn = sortfunctions[ctx.pipe[1]] end
	if sortfn then table.sort(ctx.params, sortfn)
	else table.sort(ctx.params) end -- i.e. either `false` or `nil`
	if sortfn == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, 1) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|inserting|position|how many|...|pipe to
--[[
library.inserting = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local idx = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if idx == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘inserting’: Position must be a number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil or len &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘inserting’: The amount must be a number greater than zero', 0) end
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tbl = copy_table_expanded(ctx.params, idx, len)
	for key = idx, idx + len - 1 do tbl[key] = opts[key - idx + 3] end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, len + 3)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|imposing|name|value|pipe to
library.imposing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘imposing’: Missing parameter name to impose', 0) end
	local key = ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	ctx.params[tonumber(key) or key] = ctx.pipe[2]
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|providing|name|value|pipe to
library.providing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘providing’: Missing parameter name to provide', 0) end
	local key = ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	key = tonumber(key) or key
	if ctx.params[key] == nil then ctx.params[key] = ctx.pipe[2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|discarding|name|[how many]|pipe to
library.discarding = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: Missing parameter name to discard', 0) end
	local key = ctx.pipe[1]
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil then
		ctx.params[tonumber(key) or key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] = nil
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	key = tonumber(key)
	if key == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range was provided, but the initial parameter name is not numeric', 0) end
	if len &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range can only be a number greater than zero', 0) end
	for idx = key, key + len - 1 do ctx.params[idx] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_non-numeric_names|pipe to
library['excluding_non-numeric_names'] = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_numeric_names|pipe to
library.excluding_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]
--            |[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_name_matching = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe, targets,
		'with_name_matching')
	local tmp
	local ptn
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local newparams = {}
	for idx = 1, nptns do
		ptn = targets[idx]
		if ptn[3] then
			tmp = tonumber(ptn[1]) or ptn[1]
			newparams[tmp] = tbl[tmp]
		else
			for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
				if tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
					newparams[key] = val
				end
			end
		end
	end
	ctx.params = newparams
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]
--            |[and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_name_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe, targets,
		'with_name_not_matching')
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if nptns == 1 and targets[1][3] then
		local tmp = targets[1][1]
		tbl[tonumber(tmp) or tmp] = nil
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	local yesmatch
	local ptn
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if tostring(key) ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]
--            |[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_value_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe, targets,
		'with_value_matching')
	local nomatch
	local ptn
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		nomatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val == ptn[1] then
					nomatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				nomatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if nomatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]
--            |[and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_value_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe, targets,
		'with_value_not_matching')
	local yesmatch
	local ptn
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|trimming_values|pipe to
library.trimming_values = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|converting_values_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.converting_values_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:lower() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|converting_values_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.converting_values_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:upper() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional parameters]|[parameter
--            1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	local model = { title = tname, args = margs }
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 2,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = margs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, margs)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, is_strict, argc, die =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, 'mapping_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if is_strict then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if val == ptn then tbl[key] = repl end
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			tbl[key] = val:gsub(ptn, repl, nmax)
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|converting_names_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.converting_names_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:lower()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|converting_names_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.converting_names_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:upper()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional parameters]|[parameter
--            1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	local model = { title = tname, args = rargs }
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 2,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = rargs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		local tmp = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
		return tonumber(tmp) or tostring(tmp)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, rargs)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, is_strict, argc, die =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, 'renaming_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if is_strict then
		local key = tonumber(ptn) or ptn:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		local val = tbl[key]
		tbl[key] = nil
		tbl[tonumber(repl) or repl:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] = val
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		local cache = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache,
				tostring(key):gsub(ptn, repl, nmax))
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|grouping_by_calling|template
--            name|[let]|[...]|[number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.grouping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tmp
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tmp = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘grouping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local tmp, argc = load_child_opts(opts, 2, 0)
	local gargs = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &lt; 1 then gargs[key - 1] = val
		else gargs[key] = val end
	end
	local groups = make_groups(ctx.params)
	for gid, group in pairs(groups) do
		for key, val in pairs(gargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0] = gid
		model.args = group
		groups[gid] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end
	ctx.params = groups
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|parsing|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.parsing = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘parsing’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2)
	parse_parameter_string(ctx.params, opts[1], isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
		trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reinterpreting|parameter to reinterpret|[trim
--            flag]|[iteration delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter
--            setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.reinterpreting = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reinterpreting’: No parameter to reinterpret was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local tmp = tonumber(opts[1]) or opts[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	local str = tbl[tmp]
	if str ~= nil then
		tbl[tmp] = nil
		parse_parameter_string(tbl, str, isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
			trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_calling|template name|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tname = ctx.pipe[1]
	if tname ~= nil then tname = tname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local merge_into = ctx.pipe[2]
	if merge_into == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	merge_into = tonumber(merge_into) or merge_into:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	ctx.params = {
		[merge_into] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
			title = tname,
			args = ctx.params
		}
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|snapshotting|pipe to
library.snapshotting = function (ctx)
	push_cloned_stack(ctx, ctx.params)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|remembering|pipe to
library.remembering = function (ctx)
	push_cloned_stack(ctx, ctx.oparams)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|entering_substack|[new]|pipe to
library.entering_substack = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents + 1
	if ctx.parents == nil then ctx.parents = { tbl }
	else ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = tbl end
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent
	if ctx.pipe[1] ~= nil and ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*new%s*$' then
		ctx.params = {}
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	if currsnap &gt; 0 then
		ctx.params = ctx.children[currsnap]
		ctx.children[currsnap] = nil
		ctx.n_children = currsnap - 1
	else
		local newparams = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
		ctx.params = newparams
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pulling|parameter name|pipe to
library.pulling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pulling’: No parameter to pull was provided', 0) end
	local parent
	local tmp = ctx.n_parents
	if tmp &lt; 1 then parent = ctx.oparams else parent = ctx.parents[tmp] end
	tmp = tonumber(opts[1]) or opts[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if parent[tmp] ~= nil then ctx.params[tmp] = parent[tmp] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|detaching_substack|pipe to
library.detaching_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘detaching_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	for key in pairs(ctx.params) do parent[key] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|leaving_substack|pipe to
library.leaving_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘leaving_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { ctx.params }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = ctx.params end
	ctx.params = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|merging_substack|pipe to
library.merging_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘merging_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	local child = ctx.params
	ctx.params = parent
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	for key, val in pairs(child) do parent[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|flushing|pipe to
library.flushing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘flushing’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.params
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.children[currsnap]) do parent[key] = val end
	ctx.children[currsnap] = nil
	ctx.n_children = currsnap - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


	--[[ Functions ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|count
library.count = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local retval = 0
	for _ in ctx.iterfunc(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then retval = retval - #ctx.params end
	ctx.text = retval
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_call|template name|[prepend 1]|[prepend 2]
--            |[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=value
--            n]|[...]
library.concat_and_call = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_call’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
		title = tname,
		args = concat_params(ctx)
	}
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_invoke|module name|function name|[prepend
--            1]|[prepend 2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            item n=value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_invoke = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 2)
	local mfunc = require('Module:' .. mname)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.text = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild{
		title = 'Module:' .. fname,
		args = concat_params(ctx)
	})
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_magic|parser function|[prepend 1]|[prepend
--            2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=
--            value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, concat_params(ctx))
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|value_of|parameter name
library.value_of = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local kstr
	if opts[1] ~= nil then kstr = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if kstr == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘value_of’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local knum = tonumber(kstr)
	local len = #ctx.params  -- No worries: unused when in first position
	local val = ctx.params[knum or kstr]
	if val ~= nil and (
		ctx.subset ~= -1 or knum == nil or knum &gt; len or knum &lt; 1
	) and (
		ctx.subset ~= 1 or (knum ~= nil and knum &lt;= len and knum &gt; 0)
	) then
		ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list
library.list = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local kvs = ctx.pairsep or ''
	local pps = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = key
			ret[nss + 3] = kvs
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 4 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 3] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_values
library.list_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	-- NOTE: `library.coins()` and `library.unique_coins()` rely on us
	local pps = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = val
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|coins|[first coin = value 1]|[second coin = value
--            2]|[...]|[last coin = value N]
library.coins = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = opts[tonumber(val) or val] end
	return library.list_values(ctx)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|unique_coins|[first coin = value 1]|[second coin =
--            value 2]|[...]|[last coin = value N]
library.unique_coins = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local tmp
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		tmp = tonumber(val) or val
		tbl[key] = opts[tmp]
		opts[tmp] = nil
	end
	return library.list_values(ctx)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|for_each|wikitext
library.for_each = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local txt = ctx.pipe[1] or ''
	local pps = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = txt:gsub('%$#', key):gsub('%$@', val)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each|template name|[append 1]|[append 2]
--            |[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tname, args = opts }
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	table.insert(opts, 1, true)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each|module name|module function|[append
--            1]|[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]
--            |[named param n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = opts }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each|parser function|[append 1]|[append 2]
--            |[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	table.insert(opts, 1, true)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic,
				opts)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_value|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_value’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tname, args = opts }
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each_value|module name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = opts }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each_value|parser function|[append 1]
--            |[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            param n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each_value’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local ret = {}
	local nss = 0
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic,
				opts)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_group|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_group = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tmp
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tmp = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_group’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local ccs = ctx.itersep or ''
	local nss = 0
	local ret = {}
	opts = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then opts[key - 1] = val
		else opts[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.pipe = opts
	ctx.params = make_groups(ctx.params)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (gid, group)
			for key, val in pairs(opts) do group[key] = val end
			group[0] = gid
			model.args = group
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	if nss &gt; 0 then
		if nss &gt; 2 and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			ret[nss - 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		ret[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then ret[nss + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(ret)
		return false
	end
	ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or ''
	return false
end


	---                                        ---
	---     PUBLIC ENVIRONMENT                 ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ First-position-only modifiers ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|new|pipe to
static_iface.new = function (frame)
	local ctx = context_new(frame:getParent())
	ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(frame.args, false)
	ctx.params = {}
	main_loop(ctx, context_iterate(ctx, 1))
	return ctx.text
end


	--[[ First-position-only functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|self
static_iface.self = function (frame)
	return frame:getParent():getTitle()
end


	--[[ Public metatable of functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


return setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function (_, query)
		local fname = query:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
			': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
		local func = static_iface[fname]
		if func ~= nil then return func end
		func = library[fname]
		if func == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
		return function (frame)
			local ctx = context_new(frame:getParent())
			ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(frame.args,
				refpipe[fname])
			ctx.params = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.oparams,
				refparams[fname])
			main_loop(ctx, func)
			return ctx.text
		end
	end
})</text>
      <sha1>bj8xz1z0g31ss1p5uix7rz09euim8kb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Mentors of Boolean functions/illustrated WP 3-ary</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>317574</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717891</id>
      <parentid>2693628</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:38:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ChemSim</username>
        <id>2868301</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>→ File has been renamed on Commons ([[:c:GR]])</comment>
      <origin>2717891</origin>
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      <text bytes="896" sha1="jlm076dplbm16x19ykz8aoms2z376wa" xml:space="preserve">{{Collapsible START|Ж: &amp;nbsp; twins|collapsed wide followed color-beige}}
[[File:Zhegalkin 256.svg|1200px|center]]
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[[File:Mentors 3; T to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
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[[File:Mentors 3; T to Z.svg|1200px|center]]
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{{Collapsible START|Я: &amp;nbsp; Z to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to T.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

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[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Щ: &amp;nbsp; beginning of senior Ш|collapsed wide color-beige}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Category:Mentors of Boolean functions]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jlm076dplbm16x19ykz8aoms2z376wa</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717892</id>
      <parentid>2717891</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:40:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ChemSim</username>
        <id>2868301</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>→ File has been renamed on Commons ([[:c:GR]])</comment>
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      <text bytes="902" sha1="6346wceeguziks7p4dsazm2aqgiokg0" xml:space="preserve">{{Collapsible START|Ж: &amp;nbsp; twins|collapsed wide followed color-beige}}
[[File:Zhegalkin 256.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ч: &amp;nbsp; T to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ю: &amp;nbsp; T to Z|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to Z; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Я: &amp;nbsp; Z to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to T.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ш: &amp;nbsp; Z to Z|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Щ: &amp;nbsp; beginning of senior Ш|collapsed wide color-beige}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Category:Mentors of Boolean functions]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717893</id>
      <parentid>2717892</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:41:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ChemSim</username>
        <id>2868301</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
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      <text bytes="908" sha1="gt93i10bxk3nw0b7k5weovihwh5ydxu" xml:space="preserve">{{Collapsible START|Ж: &amp;nbsp; twins|collapsed wide followed color-beige}}
[[File:Zhegalkin 256.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ч: &amp;nbsp; T to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ю: &amp;nbsp; T to Z|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to Z; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

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[[File:Mentors 3; Z to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

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[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Щ: &amp;nbsp; beginning of senior Ш|collapsed wide color-beige}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Category:Mentors of Boolean functions]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717894</id>
      <parentid>2717893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:42:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ChemSim</username>
        <id>2868301</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z.svg]] → [[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; long.svg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR1|Criterion 1]] (original uploader’s request)</comment>
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[[File:Zhegalkin 256.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ч: &amp;nbsp; T to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ю: &amp;nbsp; T to Z|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to Z; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Я: &amp;nbsp; Z to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

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[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Щ: &amp;nbsp; beginning of senior Ш|collapsed wide color-beige}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Category:Mentors of Boolean functions]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-04T12:42:12Z</timestamp>
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        <id>2868301</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary.svg]] → [[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary; long.svg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR1|Criterion 1]] (original uploader’s request)</comment>
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      <text bytes="920" sha1="7gud3cmgpnotom71ht1jre6nfa1cjf1" xml:space="preserve">{{Collapsible START|Ж: &amp;nbsp; twins|collapsed wide followed color-beige}}
[[File:Zhegalkin 256.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ч: &amp;nbsp; T to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ю: &amp;nbsp; T to Z|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; T to Z; long.svg|1200px|center]]
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{{Collapsible START|Я: &amp;nbsp; Z to T|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to T; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}

{{Collapsible START|Ш: &amp;nbsp; Z to Z|collapsed wide followed}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; long.svg|1200px|center]]
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{{Collapsible START|Щ: &amp;nbsp; beginning of senior Ш|collapsed wide color-beige}}
[[File:Mentors 3; Z to Z; beginnig of 4-ary; long.svg|1200px|center]]
{{Collapsible END}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

[[Category:Mentors of Boolean functions]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 04</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>320010</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717862</id>
      <parentid>2717626</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T14:25:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>UniBambergIslamicStudies</username>
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      <text bytes="60005" sha1="1z4znymk8nts3gbv13cvl8t0pqxedxc" xml:space="preserve">[[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 03|3 &lt;&lt;&lt;]] — [[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 05|&gt;&gt;&gt; 5]]

= The Expansion of the Islamic State and the Early Caliphate (630-656) =

The state of Yathrib (Medina) rises to become the most dominant power in Arabia. Though Muḥammad's death in 632 plunged the state into a deep crisis, this challenge was swiftly overcome. With the support of the Arab tribes, an expansionist movement was set in motion, leading to the conquest of the entire Middle East. Notable religious innovations: the reform of the calendar and the codification of the Qur’an.

== 4.1. The Final Years of the Prophet (630-632) ==
=== 4.1.1. Reconciliation with the Quraysh and the Alignment of the Arabs ===
A few days after the Muslim conquest of Mecca, a new military threat arose from the southeast. The [[w:Hawazin|Hawāzin]] and [[w:Banu_Thaqif|Thaqīf]] tribes had mobilized an army of 20,000 fighters, thereby posing a threat to Mecca. Since the Hawāzin were hostile not only toward Muḥammad and the Muslims, but also toward the Quraysh who had remained pagan, an opportunity for reconciliation arose. When Muḥammad called upon the pagan Meccans to march with him against their common enemy, approximately 2,000 of them joined him. The ensuing battle took place in the valley of [[w:Hunayn,_Saudi_Arabia|Ḥunayn]], where the outcome initially appeared uncertain (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/25/print Q 9:25f]). In the end, however, Muḥammad’s forces prevailed and captured the enemy camp. Many of Muḥammad’s former Meccan adversaries, including the sons of [[w:Abu_Sufyan_ibn_Harb|Abū Sufyān]], were brought into Islam through the generous distribution of spoils. Based on a Qur’anic verse that alludes to this event, these Meccan “late converts” are referred to  ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/60/print Q 9:60]) as ''al-muʾallafa qulūbuhum'' (“those whose hearts are to be reconciled”).
&lt;!-- linked Hawazin &amp; Banu Thaqif --&gt;

Contributing to a rapid reconciliation of interests with former opponents was Muḥammad’s confirmation of the families who had previously held Mecca’s cultic offices in those roles. He entrusted the key to the sanctuary to a member of the [[w:Banu_Abd_al-Dar|ʿAbd al-Dār family]], who had formerly held the [[w:Custodian_of_the_Kaaba|Office of Keeper of the Kaaba Key]], as a sign of his hereditary investiture with this office. The [[w:Bani_Shaiba|Banū Schaiba]], descendants of Schaiba ibn ʿUthmān of the ʿAbd al-Dār clan, have held the Office of Keeper of the Kaaba Key to this day.
&lt;!-- linked Banu Abd al-Dar, Bani Shaiba, and Custodian_of_the_Kaaba. I understand the Custodian of the Kaaba is not the exact same office today as it was, so I aligned the translation historically but linked this article as it is relevant --&gt;

[[File:Jami Masjid, Mandu - minbar 01.jpg|thumb|[[w:Minbar|Minbar]] in the [[w:Jama_Masjid,_Mandu|Friday Mosque of Mandu]], 14th century]]
Following the [[w:Battle_of_Hunayn|Battle of Ḥunayn]] in the spring of 630, the spread of the new religion into the interior of the Arabian Peninsula was rapid and far-reaching. Muḥammad dispatched letters to the tribes residing in various regions of the Arabian Peninsula, urging them to embrace Islam. In turn, tribes such as the [[w:Azd|Azd]], [[w:Kinda_(tribe)|Kinda]], and [[w:Bahila|Bāhila]] sent delegations to him, seeking inclusion in his alliance. Consequently, the year following the conquest of Mecca is referred to in Islamic historiography as the “Year of Delegations” (''ʿām al-wufūd''). In his sermons and negotiations with the delegations, the Prophet increasingly made use of the [[w:Minbar|minbar]], a wooden pulpit-like throne. Originally a symbol of authority, the minbar later became an integral element of mosque interiors, serving as the platform from which the Friday sermon was delivered.
&lt;!-- linked Battle of Hunayn
-Überwältigend: overwhelming by itself here doesn’t work well in English, especially for academic language. Alternatives: “rapid and far-reaching” or if you’d like to keep overwhelming, “was of overwhelming scope” or perhaps “gained overwhelming momentum.” --&gt;

Life grew increasingly difficult for the Prophet’s open adversaries, even outside of Mecca. They were only safe if they submitted to the Prophet and embraced Islam. For example, this was the path taken by figures such as [[w:Ikrima_ibn_Amr|ʿIkrima]], the son of [[w:Amr_ibn_Hisham|Abū Jahl]], who had fought against Muḥammad until the very end and initially fled to Yemen. [[w:Ka%27b_ibn_Zuhayr |Kaʿb ibn Zuhayr]], a poet who had attacked Muḥammad in satirical verse and was consequently marked for execution, later came to be widely known. He appeared unexpectedly in Medina during this period and publicly recited a panegyric poem addressed to the Prophet and the Quraysh. This poem, which begins with the words ''Bānat Suʿād'', later became one of the most significant religious poems in Islam, and as such, it has been frequently commented upon and ornamentally expanded.

In the autumn of 630, another internal crisis arose when Muḥammad launched a military campaign against the Byzantines and their Arab allies on the Syrian border, apparently against the will of many of his followers (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/81/print Q 9:81]). Concurrent with this [[w:Expedition_of_Tabuk|expedition to Tabūk]], some of Muḥammad’s followers broke away, established their own mosque (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/107/print Q 9:107–11]), and conspired against the Prophet. The Qur'anic verses addressing this situation instruct the Prophet to take a firm action against the group referred to as [[w:Munafiq|Munāfiqūn]] and [[w:Kafir|Kuffār]], threatening them with the punishment of hell as apostates (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/73/print  Q 9:73f]). Conversely, the believers were promised great rewards in the hereafter for their martial efforts. The relationship between their efforts and the reward in the hereafter is described in the manner of a commercial transaction with God: {{quote|Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise […]Who fulfill[s] His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph. 
[https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/111/print – Q 9:111]}}
With this verse and others of similar wording (cf. Q [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/4/verse/74/print 4:74]; [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/61/verse/10/print 61:10]), a distinctive concept of martyrdom was established in Islam: one who sacrifices himself in combat and dies on the battlefield is not a loser, but rather the “great victor”. This form of religious mobilization of the believers for combat may have played a decisive role in the rapid expansion of the Islamic state.

=== 4.1.2. Muslims and Non-Muslims ===
Acceptance of Islam now became a strict precondition for entry into the alliance with Muḥammad. Consequently, an increasing number of individuals joined him primarily for political and economic reasons, but inwardly felt little affinity with the new religion. This seems to have been particularly true of the Bedouins, as evidenced by a telling verse of the Qur’an: {{quote|The wandering Arabs (''al-Aʿrāb'') say: We believe. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Ye believe not, but rather say “We submit,” for the faith hath not yet entered into your hearts. 
– [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/49/verse/14/print Surah 49:14] }}
As this verse indicates, submission (''islām'') to the will of God and His Messenger did not necessarily entail sincere inward acceptance of faith ([[w: Iman_(Islam)|īmān]]). However, to be acknowledged as “brothers in religion,” it was sufficient to perform the prayer ([[w:Salah|ṣalāt]]) and to pay the alms of purification ([[w:Zakat|zakat]]) (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/11/print Q 9:11]).
&lt;!-- Q 9:11: Repentance is also listed in this verse. --&gt;

Zakāt, which had been introduced as a devotional practice in the early Meccan period, had by this point evidently developed into a form of alms-tax. During this period, the Qur’an also uses the term [[w:Sadaqah|ṣadaqa]] as a synonym for ''zakāt'' (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/103/print Q 9:103]). To collect these levies and to instruct the newly converted tribes in matters of religion, Muḥammad dispatched several of his companions to various regions of the Arabian Peninsula: for instance, [[w:Abu_Hurayra|Abū Hurayra]] to Bahrain in Eastern Arabia (not to be confused with the modern state of [[w:Bahrain|Bahrain]]), [[w: Amr_ibn_al-As|ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ]] to [[w:Oman|Oman]], and [[w:Muadh_ibn_Jabal|Muʿādh ibn Jabal]] to [[w:Yemen|Yemen]]. 
After Muḥammad had severed ties with the pagans and the Jews, he appears to have continued to regard Christianity in a favorable light for some time. This is reflected in a Qur’anic passage: {{quote|[You will] find the most vehement of mankind in hostility to those who believe (to be) the Jews and the idolaters. And [you will] find the nearest of them in affection to those who believe (to be) those who say: Lo! We are Christians (''Naṣārā''). That is because there are among them priests and monks, and because they are not proud.
– [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/5/verse/82/print Q 5:82] }}
Qur’anic commentaries refer to this verse in connection with the positive experiences Muḥammad’s followers had in Christian Ethiopia. Fundamentally, however, Muḥammad held the belief that he had been foretold by Jesus as a messenger (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/61/verse/6/print Q 61:6]), and that the Qur’an served as a confirmation not only of the Torah but also of the Gospel ([[w:Gospel_in_Islam|Injīl]]) (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/3/verse/3/print Q 3:3]). Accordingly, Christians, like the Jews, were confronted with the obligation to acknowledge his religious authority and to convert to Islam. However, during negotiations with envoys of Christian communities on the Arabian Peninsula, the Prophet found that, unlike the pagan Arabs, they were not willing to accept Islam.

One particularly well-known case is that of a delegation of clergy from [[w:Najran|Najrān]], the center of South Arabian Christianity, who expressed their willingness to submit to the Prophet's political authority, but were unwilling to convert to Islam, as they considered themselves to be in possession of the true religion. Within this historical context, Islamic tradition places the Qur’anic statement that Jesus, like Adam, was created solely by God’s creative command ''kun'' (“Be!”) ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/3/verse/59/print Q 3:59]). Muḥammad is reported to have cited this Qur’anic verse in response to the Christian clergy from Najrān during a dispute over the Christians’ assertion that Jesus is the [[w:Son_of_God|Son of God]]. According to Arabic sources, he subsequently invited the clergy to invoke a divine judgment concerning the truth of the two religious positions through a mutual invocation of God’s curse ([[w:Event_of_the_mubahala|mubāhala]]) (cf. [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/3/verse/61/print Q 3:61]), an act they ultimately declined. Eventually, an agreement was reached whereby the people of Najrān would pay an annual tribute to the Prophet, who, in return, guaranteed them protection for their lives and religion.

The deterioration of relations with Christians can also be attributed to the Prophet’s growing interest in the expansion route toward Syria, which was predominantly inhabited by Christians who were unwilling to convert to Islam. The model of tribute payment was likewise applied to them. According to Arabic sources, following the [[w:Expedition_of_Tabuk|expedition to Tabūk]] in the autumn of 630, several Christian communities near the [[w:Gulf_of_Aqaba|Gulf of Aqaba]] in northwestern Arabia, including the city of [[w:Eilat|Aila]], submitted to the Prophet and agreed to pay the so-called [[w:Jizya|jizya]]. 

The Arabic term ''jizya'' fundamentally denotes the concept of “compensation” or “reparation.” Exactly what the jizya was meant to compensate remains debated. However, this tribute has a Qur’anic basis in [[w:At-Tawbah|Surah 9]], where Muslims are instructed to fight [[w:People_of_the_Book|Ahl al-Kitāb]] “until they pay jizya readily, being brought low” ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/29/print Q 9:29]). In the relevant passage, the obligation to fight Jews and Christians is linked to the fact that, according to the Qur’an, they had wrongly taken their rabbis and [[w:Monasticism|monks]] as lords beside God ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/31/print  Q 9:31]), and that they proclaimed [[w:Ezra|Ezra]] and Christ to be the sons of God, thereby imitating the speech of those who disbelieved before them ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/30/print  Q 9:30]). While these Qur’anic declarations legitimized a new, more aggressive stance towards Christians, they simultaneously afforded Jews and Christians the possibility to continue practicing their religion upon submission.
&lt;!-- Ausgleich, Kompensation: these seem to mean the same thing? I used compensation and reparation (as in compensation for a wrong or injury). I also saw recompense and reimbursement as alternative translations for jizya’s word origin 
- Q 9:29: Pickthall’s translation here is quite archaic in language here. Some alternatives: until they pay the tax, willingly submitting, fully humbled (Khattab), until they pay the tax and agree to submit (Abdel Haleem)
- zu Herren genommen hätten: I added according to the Qur’an to mirror the “hätten.”
-there is no Rabbi_(Gelehrter) article in English but only the modern rabbi one. However, would one of these fit in this context?: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbinic_Judaism or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannaim --&gt;

Muḥammad adopted the same stance toward [[w:Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrians]]. Upon learning that the Zoroastrians residing in Bahrain refused to embrace Islam, he granted them religious freedom on the condition that they pay the jizya. He is said to have justified this by invoking the well-known Qur’anic verse: “[[w:Al-Baqara_256|There is no compulsion in religion]]” ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/2/verse/256/print Q 2:256]).

=== 4.1.3. Reorganization of the Pilgrimage and Calendar Reform ===
In the year of the conquest of Mecca (630), Muḥammad and his closest companions refrained from participating in the Ḥajj, which was still carried out according to the customary rites by both Muslim and non-Muslim pilgrims. In the following year (631), Muḥammad appointed his companion [[Abu_Bakr|Abū Bakr]] to lead the Ḥajj. While Abū Bakr was already in Mecca, the Prophet sent his cousin [[w:Ali|ʿAlī]] after him, who publicly proclaimed the following words in [[Mina,_Saudi_Arabia|Minā]] — words that are also part of the Qur’an:
{{quote| “And a proclamation from Allah and His messenger to all men on the day of the Greater Pilgrimage that Allah is free from obligation to the idolaters, and (so is) His messenger. So, if ye repent, it will be better for you; but if ye are averse, then know that ye cannot escape Allah. Give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom to those who disbelieve.”
– [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/3/print Q 9:3] }}

Shortly thereafter, it states: 
{{quote| “Then, when the sacred months have passed, slay the [[w:Mushrikites|idolaters]] wherever [you] find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush.”
– [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/5/print Q 9:5] }}
{| class=&quot;wikitable floatright&quot;
|- 
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | The Islamic Months
|-
! No. !! Name 
|-
| 1
| [[w:Muharram|Muḥarram]]
|-
| 2
| [[w:Safar|Ṣafar]]
|-
| 3
| [[w:Rabi%27_al-Awwal|Rabīʿ I]] 
|-
| 4
| [[w:Rabi%27_al-Thani|Rabīʿ II]]
|-
| 5
| [[w:Jumada_al-Awwal|Jumādā I]]
|-
| 6
| [[w:Jumada_al-Thani|Jumādā II]]
|-
| 7
| [[w:Rajab|Rajab]] 
|-
| 8
| [[w:Sha%27ban|Shaʿbān]]
|-
| 9
| [[w:Ramadan|Ramaḍān]]
|-
| 10
| [[w:Shawwal|Shawwāl]]
|-
| 11
| [[w:Dhu_al-Qadah|Dhū al-Qaʿdah]]
|-
| 12
| [[w:Dhu_al-Hijjah|Dhū al-Ḥijjah]]
|}
The opening verses of Sūrah 9 very clearly illustrate the shift in the balance of power. By prohibiting the unbelievers from approaching Mecca under the gravest of threats, Muḥammad also excluded them from all economic activity in the city.

It was not until 632 that Muḥammad himself took part in the Ḥajj. On this occasion, he conducted himself differently at certain pilgrimage sites than the pagans had. For example, he shifted the procession from [[w:Mount_Arafat#Hajj|ʿArafāt]] to [[w:Muzdalifah|Muzdalifah]] to after sunset, and the procession from Muzdalifah to Minā to before sunrise, in order to remove the pagan character of sun worship from these rites. Additionally, he incorporated into the Ḥajj the pilgrimage rites that had previously been performed during the [[w:Umrah|ʿUmrah]] at the Kaaba in Mecca. The term ''Ḥajj'' then came to denote the combined pilgrimage ritual; however, the ʿUmra pilgrimage, which was specifically associated with the Meccan sanctuary, continued to exist as the “lesser pilgrimage.” Muḥammad’s pilgrimage in 632, later referred to as the [[w:Farewell_Pilgrimage|Farewell Pilgrimage]] due to his death shortly thereafter, became the permanent model for this rite. The reorganization of the Ḥajj greatly increased the significance of the Kaaba. As other sanctuaries, such as that of [[w:Demolition_of_Dhul_Khalasa|Dhū l-Khalaṣa]] in [[w:Tabalah,_Saudi_Arabia|Tabālah]], were destroyed by Muḥammad’s followers, the Kaaba attained a monopolistic position on the Arabian Peninsula.
&lt;!-- Linked Tabalah --&gt;

As part of the reorganization of the Ḥajj, the ancient Arabian lunisolar calendar —with its system of [[w:Intercalation_(timekeeping)|intercalation]] ([[w:Nasi%27|''nasīʾ'']]; see above, [[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 01#1.3.3. Ancient Arabian Paganism and the Sacred Sites of Mecca|1.3.3.]])— was abolished, and a purely [[w:Lunar_calendar|lunar calendar]] with a fixed number of twelve months was introduced. The exact reasons for the calendar reform are not entirely clear, but the Qur’anic verses that address it ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/9/verse/36/print Q 9:36f]) indicate that the decisions of those responsible for inserting intercalary months and declaring certain months sacred were seen as arbitrary and had implications for the conduct of war. To emphasize that Ṣafar I was henceforth to be regarded as a sacred month, it was given the name [[w:Muharram|al-Muḥarram]] (“the Sanctified”). This new lunar year, comprising only 354 days, became the basis of the Islamic calendar and has since served to determine the timing of religious festivals. However, since this lunar year, which to a certain extent “moves backward” through the solar years, is not practical for agricultural farmers, a [[w:Solar_calendar|solar calendar]] has continued to be used alongside it in nearly all countries where Islam has taken root.
&lt;!-- Linked nasī’ --&gt;

== 4.2. Abū Bakr (632–634) – “Representative of the Messenger of God” ==
=== 4.2.1. The Events of the Saqīfa and the Beginnings of the Caliphate ===
Upon Muḥammad’s return to Medina, his health declined significantly. He passed away on 8 June 632. According to Arabic sources, this event came as a surprise to many Muslims and was a shock they struggled to comprehend. Muḥammad left no male heir. His first wife, [[w:Khadija_bint_Khuwaylid|Khadīja]], bore him four daughters — [[w:Ruqayya_bint_Muhammad|Ruqayya]], [[w:Zainab_bint_Muhammad|Zaynab]], [[w:Umm_Kulthum_bint_Muhammad|Umm Kulthūm]], and [[w:Fatima|Fāṭima]] — and two or three sons, the latter of whom all died in childhood. His adopted son, [[w:Zayd_ibn_Haritha_al-Kalbi|Zayd ibn Ḥāritha]], had been disowned in connection with the incident concerning [[w:Zaynab_bint_Jahsh|Zaynab bint Jaḥsh]]. This circumstance is believed to be referenced in Qurʾān [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/33/verse/40/print  33:40], which clarifies that Muḥammad has no sons and that his office as the Messenger of God is not hereditary; rather, he is the “[[w:Seal_of_the_Prophets|Seal of the Prophets]]” (''khātam al-nabiyyīn''). Consequently, it remained entirely unclear who would assume leadership of the [[w:Ummah|Ummah]] after Muḥammad’s death.
&lt;!-- Linked Ruqayya, Umm_Kulthum, and Seal of the Prophets. 
- im Zusammenhang mit der Affäre um Zainab: translated Affäre as incident since affair in English often implies a romantic scandal. If that was intended, affair would be the correct translation. --&gt;

At this point, serious disagreements arose between the Meccan [[w:Muhajirun|Muhājirūn]] and the Medinan [[w:Ansar_(Islam)|Anṣār]]. The Anṣār went to [[w:Saʽd_ibn_ʽUbadah|Saʿd ibn ʿUbādah]], the chief of the Medinan clan [[w:Banu_Sa%27ida|Banū Sāʿida]], and assembled at his [[w:Saqifa|Saqīfa]] (“a public assembly place”). There they put forward the demand that the Anṣār and Quraysh should separate and that each group should appoint its own commander (''amīr''). This proposal threatened to cause the Islamic community to break apart. The debate intensified as three prominent Muhājirūn — Abū Bakr, [[w:Umar|ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb]], and [[w:Abu_Ubayda_ibn_al-Jarrah|Abū ʿUbayda ibn al-Jarrāḥ]] — joined the gathering. ʿUmar, in particular, firmly opposed any division of the community. Abū Bakr emphasized the Quraysh tribe’s claim to primacy. In this situation, ʿUmar surprised those present by suddenly pledging [[w:Bay%27ah|bayʿah]] to Abū Bakr. Abū Bakr had already led the communal prayer while Muḥammad was on his deathbed, which conferred upon him a certain aura of prestige. Moreover, through ʿĀʾisha, he was the Prophet’s father-in-law and also among the very first believers (cf. above, [[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 02#2.1.3. The New Community|2.1.3.]]). He had been present at all the major battles against the pagan Quraysh of Mecca and had supported other military campaigns with his financial resources. Thus, Abū Bakr was a suitable compromise candidate for both the Anṣār and the Muhājirūn. The unexpected arrival of the [[w:Banu_Aslam|Banū Aslam]],  a clan from the vicinity of Medina known for their particular loyalty to the Prophet,  proved decisive for the course of the gathering. They joined in large numbers and pledged allegiance to Abū Bakr.
&lt;!-- Saqīfa (&quot;offener Versammlungsplatz&quot;): translated as “a public assembly place”. I think you mean public or communal by offener? Encyclopaedia of Islam defines saqīfa as “a covered communal place appropriate for conversation and discussion/ any type of forum or public courtyard, covered.” 
-linked Saqifa, Banū Sāʿida, and Banu Aslam --&gt;

Many of the Anṣār initially refused to pledge allegiance to Abū Bakr. The [[w:Banu_Hashim|Banū Hāshim]], the Prophet’s clan, also protested at having been excluded from the succession process. At this point, some of the Anṣār put forward [[w:Ali|ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib]], the Prophet’s closest relative, as an alternative to Abū Bakr. ʿAlī evidently also had the backing of the descendants of [[w:Abd_Shams_ibn_Abd_Manaf|ʿAbd Shams]]. At this point, they insisted on the political prerogatives of the descendants of [[w:Abd_Manaf_ibn_Qusai|ʿAbd Manāf]], to whom both the ʿAbd Shams and the Banū Hāshim belonged, and criticized the fact that Abū Bakr did not belong to this noble lineage.

[[File:Abu bakr2.jpg|thumb|The Prophet’s Companions Swear Allegiance to Abū Bakr, with ʿUmar Seated at His Right; Miniature from an [[w:Ottoman_Empire|Ottoman]] [[w:Siyer-i_Nebi|Siyer-i Nebī]] Work, 1596.]]
In the period that followed, ʿUmar, together with the Banū Aslam, ensured that nearly all the inhabitants of Medina pledged allegiance to Abū Bakr, possibly employing force in the process. However, Abū Bakr presented himself with modesty. He made it clear that he saw himself as a continuation of the Prophet’s mission, and by no means as an innovator. In this spirit, he endeavored to uphold and carry forward all the Prophet’s ordinances and directives. This aspiration is also reflected in the title he adopted for his office. He referred to himself as ''khalīfat rasūl Allāh'' (“Representative of the Messenger of God”). Deputies of the Messenger of God were frequently appointed during the Prophet’s lifetime: during his absences from Medina, particularly while on military campaigns, Muḥammad would appoint deputies charged with maintaining order. By selecting this title, which is conventionally rendered in English as ''caliph'', Abū Bakr made it clear that he did not seek to assert sovereign authority through his office, but solely intended to preserve the status quo within the Ummah. Higher claims to authority associated with the caliphal title developed only in later periods.
&lt;!-- Fortsetzer der Linie des Propheten: translated Linie as mission. Or should it rather mean work or legacy? 
- khalīfat rasūl Allāh (“ Representative of the Messenger of God”): this is almost always translated as successor. So I wonder if there should be a note, e.g. “Representative of the Messenger of God, often translated (incorrectly) as the Successor of the Messenger of God”?
- der im Deutschen üblicherweise mit Kalif wiedergegeben wird: translated it as “English” for the purposes of BIHI as it is also true for the English usage. 
-There are also these two articles in the English wiki; they may be helpful for readers if you’d like them linked anywhere: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad &amp; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate --&gt;

Abū Bakr’s consolidation of leadership over ʿAlī and the Banū Hāshim may also be linked to concerns among the Muhājirūn about the possible emergence of a dynasty due to ʿAlī’s marriage to the Prophet’s daughter, Fāṭima. They may have, therefore, preferred Abū Bakr, with whom such a risk did not exist. A confrontation between Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, and the Prophet’s family arose shortly thereafter over the Prophet’s estate in [[w:Fadak|Fadak]], a property in northern [[w:Hejaz|Ḥijāz]] that had been cultivated by Jews. When Fāṭima asserted her claim to the estate, the two responded that the Prophet had left all his property to the Muslim community as ṣadaqah. Since Fāṭima was unable to provide sufficient evidence that the Prophet had gifted her the estate during his lifetime, Abū Bakr confiscated it. As a result, Fāṭima broke off all contact with Abū Bakr. She passed away six months later. It was only after her death that ʿAlī pledged allegiance to the caliph, thereby bringing the question of succession to a definitive close.
&lt;!-- linked Fadak --&gt;

=== 4.2.2. The Apostasy Uprisings (''ridda'') and the Resumption of Jihād ===
[[File:Mohammad_adil-Riddah_wars.PNG|thumb|The Battle Sites of the Ridda Wars]]
Following the Prophet’s death, a widespread secession among the tribes of the Arabian Peninsula set in, which is referred to in the sources as the [[w:Ridda_Wars|Ridda Wars]]. The Quraysh’s temporary loss of power allowed factions within many tribes, long skeptical of joining the Quraysh-led state, to gain the upper hand. In some regions of Arabia, rival prophets appeared who also challenged the hegemony of Islam in the religious sphere. In Yemen, the rival prophet [[w:Al-Aswad_al-Ansi|al-Aswad]] established himself and, within a short time, brought large territories of southern Arabia under his control. He appeared in the name of Allāh, like Muḥammad, and skillfully exploited resentments over the new dependence on Medina to advance his cause. Among the [[w:Banu_Hanifa|tribe of Ḥanīfa]], who lived in the [[w:Al-Yamama|Yamāma]] region of eastern Arabia, a prophet named [[w:Musaylima|Musaylima]] emerged, whose teachings exhibited certain monotheistic tendencies, as he preached in the name of [[w:Rahmanan|al-Raḥmān]]. In the central Arabian region of [[w:Najd|Najd]], even two prophets appeared: [[w:Tulayha_ibn_Khuwaylid|Ṭulayḥa]] in the north among the Asad Bedouins, and the prophetess [[w:Sajah|Sajāḥ]] in the south among the [[w:Banu_Tamim|Tamīm]]. The fiercest opposition arose under Musaylima, and its effectiveness was further enhanced through an alliance with the prophetess Sajāḥ. In this way, an alliance of opponents emerged, capable of mobilizing a formidable army.
&lt;!-- Abfallbewegung: translated as Apostasy Uprisings. I think that is a good fit as it has both religious and political connotations, incl. armed struggle. And for Absetzbewegung, I used secession.
-linked Al-Aswad, Banu Hanifa, Banu Tamim, and Sajah --&gt;

The tribes that joined the Ridda movement refused to continue paying the zakāt, arguing that it had been part of a contract they had concluded with the Prophet, which they considered nullified by his death. Abū Bakr dispatched various armies from Mecca and Medina to reclaim the seceding tribes by force of arms. In the campaigns against the apostate tribes, two Meccans from the [[w:Banu_Makhzum|Makhzūm clan]], who had long fought Muḥammad fiercely, played a prominent role: [[w:Khalid_ibn_al-Walid|Khālid ibn al-Walīd]] and [[w:Ikrima_ibn_Amr|ʿIkrima ibn Abī Jahl]]. In the spring of 633, Khālid inflicted a [[w:Battle_of_al-Yamama|crushing defeat]] on the forces of the Banū Hanīfa, led by Musaylima, on the plain of ʿAqrabāʾ. Subsequent battles took place in Bahrain, Oman, and Yemen. The [[w:Kinda_(tribe)|Kinda]], under their last tribal king [[w:Al-Ash%27ath_ibn_Qays|al-Ashʿath ibn Qays]], offered particularly fierce resistance. The Ridda movement ended with the capture of the fortress of Nujair in [[w:Hadhramaut|Hadhramaut]]. Al-Ashʿath was taken to Medina in chains, where he was pardoned by Abū Bakr.
&lt;!-- linked Battle of Yamama and Hadhramaut --&gt;

[[File:Mohammad adil-Muslims Invasion of Syria.PNG|thumb| The Four Military Contingents Dispatched by Abū Bakr to Syria]]
The Ridda defensive battles in the northern Arabian Peninsula transitioned seamlessly into a campaign of conquest. Still in 633, Khālid, together with his fighters, launched raids into the regions of southern Iraq, bringing the local nomadic tribes into submission and capturing [[w:Al-Hira|al-Ḥīra]], the capital of the [[w:Lakhmid_kingdom|Lakhmid kingdom]]. According to [[w:Al-Baladhuri|al-Balādhurī]] (d. 892), the author of the [[w:Futuh_al-Buldan|principal Arabic work]] on the [[w:Futuh|futūḥ]], in the spring of 634, Abū Bakr wrote to the inhabitants of Mecca, al-Ṭāʾif, Yemen, and the Bedouins of Najd and the Hijaz, “calling them to jihād and arousing their desire in it and in the obtainable booty from the [[w:Rum_(endonym)|Rūm]].” His call was evidently a complete success; it is reported that he was able to raise three armies in Medina. Under the supreme command of [[w:Abu_Ubayda_ibn_al-Jarrah|Abū ʿUbayda ibn al-Jarrāḥ]], four military contingents advanced toward Syria. When a major confrontation with the Byzantine army appeared imminent, Abū Bakr dispatched Khālid ibn al-Walīd, then still in Iraq, to reinforce the Muslim troops in Syria. The two Arab forces joined in southern Syria and together were able to capture the city of [[w:Bosra|Buṣrā]]. In July 634, under Khālid’s supreme command, the Arabs defeated a Byzantine army that [[w:Battle_of_Ajnadayn|confronted them at Ajnādayn]] in Palestine.
&lt;!-- I used Philip Khuri Hitti’s translation for the direct quote (p.165): https://archive.org/details/originsofislamic00balarich/page/164/mode/2up I changed ‘holy war’ to jihad and Greeks to Rum to match the German version. 
- linked Futuh al-Buldan and the Battle_of_Ajnadayn --&gt;

== 4.3. ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (634–644) – “Commander of the Faithful” ==
Even prior to his death in August 634, Abū Bakr is said to have consulted key companions of the Prophet concerning the question of his successor. Only ʿUmar, from the Qurayshī [[w:Banu_Adi|clan of ʿAdī ibn Kaʿb]], was considered a potential candidate. Like Abū Bakr, he had rendered early service to Islam and was also related to the Prophet through marriage. ʿUmar was the first caliph to bear the title [[w:Amir_al-Mu%27minin|''amīr al-muʾminīn'']] (“Commander of the Faithful”). Since then, the title has been adopted by all rulers and religious authorities who have laid claim to leadership over the entire Muslim community.
&lt;!-- linked ʿAdī ibn Kaʿb clan and amīr al-muʾminīn --&gt;

=== 4.3.1 The Conquest of the Middle East ===
[[File:Mohammad adil-Muslim invasion of Syria-3.PNG|thumb|The Muslim Advances in Syria, 634–636]]
The conquest movement begun under Abū Bakr continued under ʿUmar. The key stages are briefly outlined below:
#Syria and Palestine. After the Battle of Ajnādayn, the Byzantines withdrew into the Jordan Valley, but were once again defeated by the Arabs near the city of [[w:Pella,_Jordan|Pella]] in January 635 and retreated to Damascus. The Arabs were subsequently able to take control of the entire territory of present-day Jordan, including the prosperous episcopal city of [[w:Jerash|Jerash]]. By the summer of 635, [[w:Damascus|Damascus]] had already fallen, and shortly thereafter, Emesa, now known as [[w:Homs|Ḥomṣ]], also fell. The Byzantine attempt to reconquer Syria ended in failure. In August 636, the Arabs inflicted another [[w:Battle_of_the_Yarmuk|defeat]] on the reassembled Byzantine forces at [[w:Yarmuk_(river)|Yarmūk]], a left tributary of the Jordan River that today forms the border between Syria and Jordan, forcing their final withdrawal from Syria. When [[w:Jerusalem|Jerusalem]] was captured in 638, ʿUmar personally traveled there to formally take possession of the city on behalf of the Muslim community. In 640, the seaport of [[w:Caesarea Maritima|Caesarea]] was also taken, bringing an end to Byzantine rule in Palestine.

# &lt;li value=&quot;2&quot;&gt; Iraq. In the fall of 634, ʿUmar dispatched an army to fight the Persians in Iraq. In the south, prior to 635, the early companion of the Prophet, [[w:Utba_ibn_Ghazwan|ʿUtba ibn Ghazwān]], together with his fighters, took control of the [[w:Estuary|estuary]] region of the [[w:Euphrates|Euphrates]] and [[w:Tigris|Tigris]] rivers, including the significant port city of [[w:Al-Ubulla|al-Ubulla]]. Further north, Arab forces initially suffered a heavy defeat in the so-called [[w:Battle_of_the_Bridge|Battle of the Bridge]] but later achieved victory over the Persian army at the [[w:Battle_of_al-Qadisiyyah|Battle of al-Qādisiyyah]] (between 635 and 638). [[w:Yazdegerd_II|Yazdegerd III]], the Sasanian ruler since 632, subsequently relinquished control of Iraq to the Arab forces, [[w:Siege_of_Ctesiphon_(637)|abandoned his capital Ctesiphon]], and withdrew eastward with his court. The victory at al-Qādisiyyah was, for the Muslims, a triumph comparable in magnitude to their victory over the pagan Meccans at the [[w:Battle_of_Badr|Battle of Badr]] in 624. Many believed that their victory over the Persians was due solely to divine assistance. Some even held that [[w:Khidr|al-Khiḍr]], &quot;the Green One&quot; — a quasi-angelic figure but not classified among the angels — had fought alongside the Muslims during the battle.
&lt;!-- linked Utba_ibn_Ghazwan, Al-Ubulla, and Siege_of_Ctesiphon.
-I also linked estuary for Mündungsgebiet, as it may be helpful for readers. There is also a German article. --&gt;

[[File:Mohammad adil-Muslim conquest of Egypt.PNG|thumb|[[w:Arab_conquest_of_Egypt|The Muslim conquest of Egypt]], 639–640.]]
# &lt;li value=&quot;3&quot;&gt; Egypt. In 639, [[w:Amr_ibn_al-As#Conquest_of_Egypt|ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ]] initiated what could be described as a quasi-private venture into Egypt. Following the capture of the Byzantine fortress of Babylon, near present-day Cairo, in April 641, he was able to occupy the [[w:Nile_Delta|Nile Delta]] with his army encountering virtually no resistance. Alexandria was captured in 642, followed by the conquest of [[w:Barca_(ancient_city)|Barqah]], in present-day Libya, in 643.
&lt;!-- linked Arab_conquest_of_Egypt, Amr_ibn_al-As#Conquest_of_Egypt, Nile_Delta --&gt;

# &lt;li value=&quot;4&quot;&gt; Upper Mesopotamia. The region, also known as [[w:Upper_Mesopotamia|al-Jazīrah]] (literally “the Island,” referring to the land between the [[w:Euphrates|Euphrates]] and [[w:Tigris|Tigris]]), was conquered between 639 and 641 by [[w:Iyad_ibn_Ghanm|ʿIyāḍ ibn Ghanm]] from northern Syria, during which he had already begun incursions into Armenia.
&lt;!-- linked Iyad_ibn_Ghanm --&gt;

Arab garrisons were stationed at various locations to maintain control over the conquered territories and to serve as bases for further expansion. In Syria, these comprised pre-existing locations such as [[w:Jabiyah|al-Jābiyah]], the former residence of the [[w:Ghassanids|Ghassanid]] princes, and Ḥomṣ. In other regions, new garrison towns were established, where Arab warriors were settled by tribe and clan on separate plots, and mosques modeled after the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina were constructed. The most important of these garrison towns, known as [[w:Amsar|miṣr (plural amṣār)]], were [[w:Basra|Basra]] and [[w:Kufa|Kufa]] in Iraq, both founded in 638; [[w:Mosul|Mosul]] in Upper Mesopotamia, founded in 641; and [[w:Fustat|al-Fusṭāṭ]] in Egypt, established in 643 near the former Byzantine fortress of Babylon. These garrison towns subsequently became the centers of Arab-Islamic life in the conquered territories.
&lt;!-- I added the plural of miṣr (amṣār) to make it clear to the readers, as the English article is under amsar --&gt;

From Basra and Kufa, Arab military leaders launched expeditions into Persia in the late 630s. Between 637 and 640, they [[w:Muslim_conquest_of_Khuzestan|subdued]] [[w:Khuzistan_(Sasanian_province)|Khuzistan]], located in the southwest of present-day Iran. Following the [[w:Battle_of_Nahavand|Battle of Nihāwand]] in the [[w:Zagros_Mountains|Zagros Mountains]] of western Iran, in which the Arabs dealt another defeat to the Sasanian forces, the Persian highlands lay open to them. Advancing northward from Nihāwand, they brought the [[w:Azerbaijan_(Iran)|region of Azerbaijan]] under [[w:Tribute|tributary]] status. In 644, they also succeeded in capturing the city of [[w:Isfahan|Isfahan]]. Meanwhile, the Sasanian ruler Yazdegerd III fled farther east.
&lt;!-- linked Muslim_conquest_of_Khuzestan. I also linked ‘tribute’ to make its historical meaning clear --&gt;

=== 4.3.2. Factors Facilitating the Rapid Expansion of the Islamic State ===
Through his conquests and the establishment of cities, ʿUmar laid essential foundations for the Islamic civilization that would later take shape. Yet, how can the rapid progress of the conquests be explained? Several factors may be cited as causes:
# The conflict preceding the Islamic conquest between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Sasanian Empire over hegemony in the Middle East, which had led to intense military confrontations during the lifetime of Muḥammad, had severely weakened both empires.
# Another important factor in Syria, Palestine, and Egypt was the lack of loyalty among the subjects toward their former imperial rulers. These territories had only come back under Byzantine control shortly prior to the Islamic conquest. The vast majority of the population were [[w:Monophysitism|Monophysite]] Christians, for whom the ruling [[w:Council_of_Chalcedon|Chalcedonian]] (Greek Orthodox) Byzantine imperial church was an oppressive adversary. Similarly, the Syrian Jews were favorably inclined toward the new rulers, as the Byzantines had persecuted them for centuries and had denied them access to the city of Jerusalem. In the course of the Islamic conquest of Jerusalem, the [[w:Temple_Mount|Temple Mount]], which for centuries had remained in ruins, was restored as a sacred site. When ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb took possession of Jerusalem on behalf of the Muslims in 638, he was accompanied by [[w:Ka%27b_al-Ahbar|Kaʿb al-Aḥbār]], a Yemeni Jew who had converted to Islam. He interpreted this event as the fulfillment of biblical prophecies for propagandistic purposes. These interpretations evidently fell on fertile ground among the Jews of Syria, who regarded ʿUmar as a messianic ruler. The Syriac-Aramaic term ''pārōqā'' (“redeemer”), used in this context, was rendered into Arabic as ''fārūq'', which became a commonly used epithet for ʿUmar.
# The contractual arrangements practiced by the Arabs during the transfer of power entailed no significant disadvantages for the subjects and led to what [[w:Albrecht_Noth|A. Noth]] described as a “favorable constellation of converging interests,” which may be regarded as one of the principal reasons for the success of Arab military efforts. As was customary in the Late Antique Orient, the Arabs granted a guarantee of security to the inhabitants of cities that voluntarily submitted to their rule. In Arabic sources, this is referred to as [[w:Aman_(Islam)|''amān'']]. Moreover, the Ahl al-kitāb, adherents of the monotheistic scriptural religions, were guaranteed not only the protection of their lives and property, but also the free exercise of their religion and the retention of their places of worship and religious objects. This protection was known as dhimma and constituted a legally enforceable obligation of the Islamic state toward its non-Muslim subjects; each protected person was known as a [[w:Dhimmi|dhimmi]]. In return, the [[w:Jizya|jizya]] was paid, likely in the form of a lump sum levied on the conquered city at the time of the conquest. The treaties concluded with conquered cities during this period came to serve as a model for regulating the relationship between the Islamic state and its non-Muslim subjects throughout the premodern period.
&lt;!-- linked amān.
-eine einklagbare Verpflichtung: translated as ‘a legally enforceable obligation’ --&gt;

=== 4.3.3. The Organization of State and Religion ===
[[File:Kabah Old Picture - panoramio.jpg|thumb|The covering of the Kaaba with a new [[w:Kiswah|kiswah]] has served a significant symbol of Islamic rule since the time of ʿUmar.]]
In 641, ʿUmar established a central register ([[w:Divan|dīwān]]) to ensure income for the fighters and companions of Muḥammad. This register recorded the regular state disbursements allocated to each individual.
The most important criterion for one’s placement in the register was their relationship to Islam. Accordingly, the Prophet’s own clan, the [[w:Banu_Hashim|Banū Hāshim]], was placed at the top of the register, receiving the highest disbursements. Next came other relatives, followed by the [[w:Ansar_(Islam)|Anṣār of Medina]], the veterans of [[w:Battle_of_Badr|Badr]], the survivors of [[w:Battle_of_Uhud|Uhud]], and finally the tribal warriors deployed in Syria and Iraq. Through this system, a standardized salary structure was developed, which ʿUmar financed through the three principal sources of state revenue: the jizya, the zakāt, and the land tax ([[w: Kharaj|kharāj]]). To administer revenues and expenditures, a state treasury ([[w:Bayt_al-mal|bayt al-māl]]) was established. Military commanders stationed in various regions, such as [[w:Amr_ibn_al-As|ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ]] in newly conquered Egypt, were required to contribute half of their income to this treasury.

ʿUmar granted stipends to Qurʾān reciters ([[w:Q%C4%81ri%CA%BE|qurrāʾ]]) and appointed officials bearing the title of [[w:Qadi|qāḍī]] in various cities of the empire. While the term ''qāḍī'' is commonly translated as “judge” today, during that period the office encompassed numerous additional administrative and sovereign functions, such as leading the [[w:Friday_prayer|Friday prayer]].
&lt;!-- Dotationen: The English article for Dotationen is specific to the First French Empire, so I didn’t link it. Stipend seems to be a better translation, as endowments are usually in relation with institutions. Allowances could also be an alternative. 
-hoheitliche Aufgaben: “sovereign functions” is apparently the correct term here, though it may briefly confuse readers by suggesting full sovereignty rather than duties exercised on behalf of the sovereign, as was typical for the period. Alternatives could be “state-sanctioned functions” or “state-sanctioned administrative and religious functions”. --&gt;

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Of particular importance was ʿUmar’s introduction of a new calendar system in 638, prompted by disputes among military units regarding date notation. The year of the Prophet’s [[w:Hijrah|Hijrah]] from Mecca to Medina, which commenced on 16 July 622, was designated as the first year of the new Islamic calendar. This constituted an important state measure toward standardization. Over time, the [[w:Hijri_year|Hijrī calendar]] became increasingly established throughout the Islamic realm and remains, to this day, one of the official, if not the primary, calendars in many Muslim-majority countries.

ʿUmar’s governance is well known to have relied heavily on the Qurʾānic principle of consultation ([[w:Shura|shūrā]]). While he occasionally sought advice from other circles, ʿUmar typically limited his consultations to the distinguished Meccan Companions of the Prophet. Numerous reports describe how he sought their opinions on important political and legal matters. Such a council of distinguished Meccan companions also convened after ʿUmar’s death to select his successor.

[[File:Prière de Tarawih dans la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan. Ramadan 2012.jpg|thumb|The [[w:Tarawih|Tarāwīḥ]] prayers remain an important ritual practice in [[w:Sunni_Islam|Sunni Islam]] to this day.]] In the religious sphere, a landmark measure during ʿUmar’s rule was his decision to have the cloth covering ([[w:Kiswah|Kiswa]]) of the Kaaba renewed at the expense of the state treasury, thereby transforming an originally pagan ritual into a prominent symbol of Islamic authority. The place for prayer at the Kaaba was marked by a stone, which was referred to as the [[w:Maqam_Ibrahim|Maqām Ibrāhīm]] in accordance with the “Station of Abraham” designation found in the Qurʾān ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/2/verse/125/print Q 2:125]). ʿUmar had the area surrounding the Kaaba expanded and enclosed by a wall, thereby laying the foundation for the [[w:Masjid_al-Haram|Masjid al-Ḥarām]] as an independent structure. As a new devotional practice during Ramadan, ʿUmar introduced the nightly Tarāwīḥ prayers, in which extended pauses ([[w:Tarawih|tarāwīḥ]]) are interspersed between a large number of prayer cycles. 

During ʿUmar’s caliphate, important changes were also made in the area of gender order, which continue to serve as norms to this day. For example, ʿUmar instituted death by stoning as the punishment for extramarital intercourse ([[w:Zina|zinā]]) committed by individuals who were already married. The Qurʾān prescribes, without regard to a person’s status, a punishment of one hundred lashes and exile for this offense ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/24/verse/2/print Q 24:2f]). ʿUmar justified this measure by invoking the so-called “[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinigungsvers stoning verse],” which, according to his view, had originally been part of the Qurʾān but was later removed from the text. ʿUmar also prohibited the legal institution of temporary marriage ([[w:Nikah_mut%27ah|mutʿah]]), a practice adopted from pre-Islamic Arabia that many Muslims at the time continued to use for short-term sexual relationships.
&lt;!--Linked the German article for the “Stoning Verse” as there isn’t an English version. --&gt;

=== 4.3.4. The Plurality of the Qurʾanic Text === 
A well-known report states that ʿUmar, already during Abū Bakr’s caliphate, was troubled by the fact that many [[w:Qāriʾ|qurrāʾ]] had been killed in the battle against [[w:Musaylima|Musaylima]]. The ''qurrāʾ'', that is, reciters of the Qurʾan, were those who had memorized it. Fearing that such losses might ultimately result in the loss of knowledge of the sacred text itself, he advised Abū Bakr to commission a compilation of the Qurʾan. [[w:Zayd_ibn_Thabit|Zayd ibn Thābit]], one of Muḥammad’s scribes (cf. above, [[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 03#3.2.5. The Gradual Growth of the Prophet’s Authority|3.2.5.]]), was entrusted with this task. Zayd transcribed what he had collected onto sheets (''ṣuḥuf'') and handed them over to Abū Bakr. However, there is no evidence that this “collection” was recognized as authoritative at the time. Nonetheless, it appears that ʿUmar was in possession of this compilation at the beginning of his caliphate.

In addition to ʿUmar’s collection, a number of other codices were in circulation during his time, the four most prominent being those of [[w:Ubayy_ibn_Ka%27b|Ubayy ibn Kaʿb]], [[w:Abd_Allah_ibn_Mas%27ud|ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd]], [[w:Abu_Musa_al-Ash%27ari|Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī]], and [[w:Miqdad_ibn_Aswad|Miqdād ibn al-Aswad]]. Like Zayd ibn Thābit, Ubayy had served as one of the Prophet’s scribes and had already transcribed his proclamations during his lifetime (cf. above, [[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 03#3.2.5. The Gradual Growth of the Prophet’s Authority|3.2.5.]]). Both ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd, a Bedouin, and Miqdād ibn ʿAmr were among the earliest Muslims and had memorized the Qurʾan solely through oral transmission. Miqdād was stationed in Syria during the caliphate of ʿUmar, while ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd was sent by ʿUmar to Kufa in 642 to serve as ''qāḍī''. Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī, of Yemeni origin, had joined the Prophet in 628 during the siege of [[w:Khaybar|Khaybar]]. In 638, ʿUmar appointed him governor of Basra. As for the dissemination of the codices compiled by these individuals, the people of Damascus adhered to the reading of Ubayy; those of Kufa to that of Ibn Masʿūd; those of Basra to that of Abū Mūsā; and the inhabitants of Homs to that of Miqdād. The prominence of the codices of Ibn Masʿūd and Abū Mūsā in Kufa and Basra, respectively, can certainly be attributed to the fact that both men held official positions in those cities. Despite Ubayy’s residence in Medina, the use of his collection in Damascus suggests that it had attained transregional significance by that time. 
&lt;!-- linked Miqdād ibn Aswad --&gt;

The legitimacy of these various versions of the Qurʾanic text was supported by reports stating that the Prophet himself, during his lifetime, reassured companions who were concerned about the differences among the circulating versions, telling them that the Qurʾan had been revealed in seven modes ([[w:Ahruf|ʿalā sabʿati aḥruf]]). Ubayy played a key role in the transmission of these reports. In some cases, the textual differences between the various versions were considerable. For example, in [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/3/verse/19/print Surah 3:19], the collection of Ibn Masʿūd states the name of the religion not as Islam, but as ''Hanīfiyya''. 
&lt;!-- linked Ahruf --&gt;

== 4.4. ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān (644–656) – “Representative of God” ==
=== 4.4.1. Nepotism and Self-Enrichment among the Umayyads ===
After ʿUmar’s death, the [[w:Election_of_Uthman#Members|consultative council]] he had established, comprising distinguished Companions of the Prophet, convened to choose his successor. It consisted of six men: [[w:Uthman|ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān]], [[w:Ali|ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib]], [[w:Abd_al-Rahman_ibn_Awf|ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf]], [[w:Talha_ibn_Ubayd_Allah|Ṭalḥa ibn ʿUbayd Allāh]], [[w:Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam|al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām]], and [[w:Sa%27d_ibn_Abi_Waqqas|Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ]]. Of the individuals mentioned, only ʿAlī and ʿUthmān harbored aspirations to the succession. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān withdrew his candidacy on the condition that, in the event of disagreement, the task of arbitration would be entrusted to him. Since Saʿd voted for ʿAlī and al-Zubayr for ʿUthmān, but Ṭalḥa was absent, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān assumed the role of arbitrator. After consulting with the leaders of the Qurayshite clans, he [[w:Election_of_Uthman|chose ʿUthmān]], who thereby became the new caliph. ʿUthmān belonged to the [[w:Umayyad_dynasty|Umayyads]], a family within the [[w:Banu_Abd-Shams|clan of ʿAbd Shams]]. It is likely that this ''nasab'' ultimately proved decisive in the final consensus on ʿUthmān. In any case, the elevation of the Umayyad ʿUthmān already foreshadowed what would soon become the first Islamic dynasty, which emerged from the Umayyad family.
&lt;!-- Linked Election_of_Uthman and section on committee members --&gt;

{{Anchor|Marwan}}
Shortly after assuming office, ʿUthmān began appointing his relatives to key governorships. Syria had already been under the control of the Umayyad [[w:Mu%27awiya_I|Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān]] since the caliphate of ʿUmar. He was the son of [[w:Abu_Sufyan_ibn_Harb|Abū Sufyān ibn Ḥarb]], a former adversary of Muḥammad. Umayyads were now also appointed as governors in Kūfa and Egypt. Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ, the founder of Kūfa, was replaced by ʿUthmān’s kinsman, [[w:Al-Walid_ibn_Uqba|al-Walīd ibn ʿUqba]]. [[w:Amr_ibn_al-As|ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ]], the conqueror of Egypt — who had successfully repelled a Byzantine attempt to reconquer the region in 645 — was replaced as governor by [[w:Abd_Allah_ibn_Sa%27d|ʿAbdallāh ibn Abī Sarḥ]], a cousin of ʿUthmān with a questionable past (see above, [[The Bamberg Introduction to the History of Islam (BIHI) 03#3.2.3. Other Opponents of Muḥammad|3.2.3.]]). When complaints arose in 649/50 about the governor of Basra, [[w:Abu_Musa_al-Ash%27ari|Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī]], that post too was assigned to an Umayyad, namely [[w:Abd_Allah_ibn_Amir|ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿĀmir]]. [[w:Marwan_I|Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam]], also an Umayyad, rose to become the caliph’s closest advisor. This nepotistic policy led to an estrangement between the caliph and the council of the Prophet’s Companions who had appointed him to the office.
&lt;!-- Linked  al-Walīd ibn ʿUqba --&gt;

[[File:Mohammad adil-Rashidun-empire-at-its-peak-close.PNG|thumb| The Expansion of the Islamic Empire Toward the End of ʿUthmān’s Caliphate]]
Nevertheless, the conquests under ʿUthmān and his governors continued successfully. As early as 642, Muʿāwiya had dispatched the general [[w:Habib_ibn_Maslama_al-Fihri|Ḥabīb ibn Maslama]] from Damascus to lead a campaign in the [[w:Caucasus_Mountains|Caucasus]]. In 645, he succeeded in capturing the Georgian capital [[w:Tbilisi|Tiflis]], and by 652, he had brought Armenia under submission. Moreover, Muʿāwiya established a fleet in the Syrian port cities, seized [[w:Geography_of_Cyprus|Cyprus]] in 649, and pushed Byzantium back from the eastern Mediterranean. From [[w:Fustat|al-Fusṭāṭ]], ʿAbdallāh ibn Abī Sarḥ launched expeditions westward along the North African coast, capturing [[w:Tripolitania|Tripolitania]] in 647. In 652, he also subdued [[w:Upper_Egypt|Upper Egypt]] and brought the Kingdom of [[w:Nubia|Nubia]] into a tributary relationship with the Islamic state. To oversee Nubia’s tribute payments, a military garrison was stationed in the city of Syene (modern-day [[w:Aswan|Aswan]]). With the capture of [[w:Persepolis|Persepolis]] in 650, ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿĀmir completed the conquest of [[w:Persis|Persis]] ([[w:Fars_province|Fārs]]), and in 651/2, he occupied the northeastern Sasanian province of [[w:Greater_Khorasan|Khurāsān]], including the cities of [[w:Nishapur|Nishapur]], [[w:Merv|Merv]], [[w:Balkh|Balkh]], and [[w:Herat|Herat]]. That same year, the Sasanian ruler [[w:Yazdegerd_III|Yazdegerd III]] was assassinated in Merv, marking the definitive end of the [[w:Sasanian_Empire|Sasanian dynasty]].
&lt;!-- Linked Ḥabīb ibn Maslama --&gt;

However, ʿUthmān became increasingly unpopular for withholding a portion of the lands acquired during the futūḥ — lands that, in the view of the Muslim fighters, rightfully belonged to the entire Muslim community — and distributing them as land grants (''qaṭāʾiʿ'') among his governors and relatives. He justified this practice by invoking the Qur’anic principle of the “fifth” ([[w:Khums|khums]]; cf. Q [https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/8/verse/41/print 8:41]). Even some of the Prophet’s Companions, such as Ṭalḥa, received generous land grants. One of ʿUthmān’s relatives, who served as governor in Iraq, went so far as to declare that the fertile lands of Iraq —the so-called [[w:Sawad|sawād]]— had become the “garden of the Quraysh,” in other words, effectively the property of the tribe. ʿAbdallāh ibn Abī Sarḥ, ʿUthmān’s governor in Egypt, also became known for his increasingly exploitative methods, using the wealth thus acquired to build himself a lavish palace there. This approach alone, when compared with ʿUmar’s directives on construction, marked a troubling shift.
&lt;!-- linked khums and sawād
-Landgüter (qaṭāʾiʿ): I used the translation “(land) grants” as in the Brill publication: https://brill.com/display/title/39402 --&gt;

In contrast to his predecessors, ʿUthmān claimed divine sanction for his rule. In his official documents, he no longer referred to himself as “Representative of the Messenger of God” (''khalīfat rasūl Allāh''), but instead as “Representative of God” (''khalīfat Allāh''). In doing so, he positioned himself as a successor to [[w:David_in_Islam|King David]], of whom God says in the Qurʾān ([https://corpuscoranicum.de/en/verse-navigator/sura/38/verse/26/print 38:26]) that He appointed him as His representative on earth to judge between people with truth. This model of the caliphate was later adopted by nearly all rulers who claimed this title for themselves.
&lt;!-- linked “David in Islam” instead of the main David article --&gt;

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See [[s:Category:Music]] and [[w:Category:Music books]]

This part of the [[Universal Bibliography]] is a bibliography of music.

Bibliography
*[[w:Bibliography of Music Literature|Bibliography of Music Literature]]

*Green (ed). Foundations in Music Bibliography. 1993. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rADdpZN9UhAC&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Krummel. The Literature of Music Bibliography: An Account of the Writings on the History of Music Printing &amp; Publishing. 2nd Ed: 1992. [https://books.google.com/books?id=3AZsiITI-IEC]
*Bibliography of Music Bibliographies. 1967. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=d6YJAQAAMAAJ]
*Bayne. A Guide to Library Research in Music. 2008. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ExGbDqu9gPAC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*A Selected Bibliography of Music Librarianship [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=X5AeOl4O-osC]
*Bradley. American Music Librarianship: A Research and Information Guide. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VabcAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] 
*Music Reference and Research Materials. 3rd Ed: 1974: [https://books.google.com/books?id=5Y1IAAAAMAAJ]
*Agruss. Guide to Reference Books on Music. 1948. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wX06AAAAIAAJ]
*Haggerty. A Guide to Popular Music Reference Books: An Annotated Bibliography. 1995. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2OnEEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Coover. A Bibliography of Music Dictionaries. 1952. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NH06AAAAIAAJ]
*A Bibliography of Books on Music and Collections of Music. 1948. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vfvpnwWWlZwC]
*Deakin. Musical Bibliography: A Catalogue of the Musical Works. 1892. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-UgQAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PP7#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] (England 15th to 18th century)
*Matthew. The Literature of Music. 1896. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fTQ6AAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. Reviews: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bjdVAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA56#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dzcZAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA22#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=R0gcAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA470#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qK5OAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA55#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1chZAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA155#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ezszAQAAMAAJ] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5h61TMyTmOMC] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8k8wAQAAIAAJ] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=i8W8LKTuc0AC]. Author: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=awIQAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA275#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
*Hoek. Analyses of Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Music, 1940-2000. 2007. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CRG4AQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*RILM Abstracts of Music Literature. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HxjjAAAAMAAJ]
*Elliker. The Periodical Literature of Music: Trends from 1952 to 1987. 1996. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=T5ifAAAAMAAJ]
*Forkel. Allgemeine Litteratur der Musik. 1792. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VTRDAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PR1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] Review: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3N8sAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA33#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

History and bibliography
*Matthew. A Handbook of Musical History and Bibliography. 1898. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=V1g5AAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] Review: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P1lDAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA229#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Boyden. The History and Literature of Music: 1750 to the Present. 1959. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XcAZAQAAIAAJ]
*Brown. An Introduction to the History and Literature of Music in Western Culture. 2nd Ed: 2011. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=aKpGAAAACAAJ]

Chronology, annuals, year books, years
*Eisler. World Chronology of Music History.
*Lowe. A Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. 1896.
*Tokyo Ongaku Gakko. Kinsei Hogaku Nempyo. [Chronology of Japanese Music in Recent Ages.] Rokugatsu-Kan. Volume 1. 1912. Volume 2. 1914. Volume 3. 1927. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=drMQAQAAMAAJ]
*Cossar. This Day in Music. 2005. 2010.
*Glassman. The Year in Music. Columbia House.
*[[w:Herman Klein|Hermann Klein]]. Musical Notes. Annual Critical Record of Important Musical Events.
*[[w:Joseph Bennett (critic)|Bennett]]. The Musical Year.
*Hinrichsen's Musical Year Book
*The Musical Year Book of the United States
**The Boston Musical Year Book
*Billboard. Overview. 1982: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YyQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT53#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
*Billboard. The Year in Music. 1994: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZAgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA62#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Jackson. 1965: The Most Revolutionary Year in Music.
*Porter. A Musical Season: 1972-1973. 
**Music of Three Seasons: 1974-1977 
**Music of Three More Seasons 1977-1980
**Musical Events: A Chronicle, 1980-1983.
*[https://news.1242.com/article/tag/大人のmusic-calendar 【大人のMusic Calendar】]. Nippon Broadcasting System.

United Kingdom:
*Billboard. Spotlight on the United Kingdom. 1978:  [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TSQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT78#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1979: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MCUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT100#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

Australia:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Australia/New Zealand. 1982: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GCQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT54#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hiQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT29#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UCQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA60#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
**Live Talent of Australia: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YyQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT94#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Canada:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Canada. 1981: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DSQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT50#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

Scandanavia:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Scandanavia. 1981: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GCUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT86#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

France:
*Billboard. Spotlight on France. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-wgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA35#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1972: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=REUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA35#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1982: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AyQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT66#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ICUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA41#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Germany:
*Billboard. Spotlight on West Germany. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zQgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA45#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-iMEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT12#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
**Spotlight on West Germany, Austria and Switzerland. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CSUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA35#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Italy:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Italy. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3yQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT36#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2SQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA38-IA1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1994: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XQgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA67#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

Spain:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Spain. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5Q8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA49#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Brazil:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Brazil. 1996: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NA0EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA51#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

United States
*Krummel. Bibliographical Handbook of American Music. 1987. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=G4wcnkvFZl4C&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Krummel. Resources of American Music History: A Directory of Source Materials from Colonial Times to World War II. 1981. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bJcYAAAAIAAJ]

Soviet
*Aschmann. Current Soviet Music Bibliography. 1976. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2i7jAAAAMAAJ]

Decline of pop music:
*[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/science-proves-pop-music-has-actually-gotten-worse-8173368/ Science Proves: Pop Music Has Actually Gotten Worse]. [[w:Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]. 27 July 2012.
*[https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/new-study-discovers-pop-music-has-suffered-significant-decline-in-one-area/ New study discovers pop music has suffered “significant decline” in one area]. [[w:Far Out (website)|Far Out]]. 5 July 2024.
*[https://www.globalnews.ca/news/9001083/why-older-music-more-popular-than-new-music/amp/ There is something very, very wrong with today’s music. It just may not be very good.] [[w:Global News|Global News]]. 24 July 2022.
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/articles/fb84bf19-29c9-4ed3-b6b6-953e8a083334 Has pop music lost its fun?]. BBC. 12 January 2018.
*[https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/its-official-modern-music-is-bad/ It’s official: modern music is bad]. The Spectator. 13 February 2024.

Conferences:
*International Music Industry Conference. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tggEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA29#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Laserdisc/Karaoke/CES
*Billboard. Karaoke. 1992:
[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jg8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA41-IA1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
**CES and Karaoke. 1994. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UggEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
**Laserdisc. 1995. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7AsEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA67#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
**Laserdisc/Karaoke. 1996: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iQ8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA59#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Oldies
*&quot;Oldies stations find their place in radio market&quot;. Star-News. 13 March 1988. pp 1D &amp; [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2OoyAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=PA16#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 6D]: &quot;Oldies&quot;.

==Japanese and Japan==
*Tsuge. Japanese Music: An Annotated Bibliography. 1986. [https://books.google.com/books?id=YCsKAQAAMAAJ]
*The Ashgate Research Companion to Japanese Music. 2017. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4tINDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA2#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

*Billboard. Spotlight on Japan. 1970:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mSkEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA37#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1971:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Fg8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA39#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1973:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QEUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT25#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1977:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=USMEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT46#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1982:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=byQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT38#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1CQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT65#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-CMEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA79#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1993: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=9A8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA57#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1995: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xwsEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA52-IA1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1996: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vwcEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA66#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1997: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_gkEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA61#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1998: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GgoEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA117#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 2000: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=aREEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA65#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 2002: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-QwEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA53#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 2003: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3w0EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA45#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
*[[w:The Best Ten|The Best Ten]] (ザ・ベストテン). [Television programme]. [https://www.tbs.co.jp/tbs-ch/special/the_bestten/ Episodes].

*Wade. Music in Japan: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture. 2005. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XXYIAQAAMAAJ]
*Malm. Japanese Music &amp; Musical Instruments. 1959. [https://books.google.com/books?id=QkTaAAAAMAAJ]
*Pigott. The Music and Musical Instruments of Japan. 1893 [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ttKTUwmjzMwC&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1909. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MAM5AAAAIAAJ]

History
*Eta Harich-Schneider. A History of Japanese Music. 1973. [https://books.google.com/books?id=3AraAAAAMAAJ]
*Koh-ichi Hattori. 123 Years of Japanese Music: The Culture of Japan Through a Look at Its Music. 2004. [https://books.google.com/books?id=znzsAAAAMAAJ]

Modern, contemporary, today
*Johnson. Handbook of Japanese Music in the Modern Era. 2024. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KNP7EAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Matsue. Focus: Music in Contemporary Japan. 2016. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AQgtCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Music of Japan Today. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YZQYEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Popular music
*Mitsui (ed). Made in Japan: Studies in Popular Music. 2014. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YWQKBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Stevens. Japanese Popular Music: Culture, Authenticity and Power. 2008. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OHMkdcL9DAMC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Mitsui. Popular Music in Japan: Transformation Inspired by the West. 2020. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FpbqDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Nagahara. Tokyo Boogie-Woogie: Japan’s Pop Era and Its Discontents. 2017. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iTxYDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Patterson. Music and Words: Producing Popular Songs in Modern Japan, 1887–1952. 2019. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P0FvDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*James Stanlaw. &quot;Using English identity markers in Japanese Popular Music&quot;. English in East and South Asia. Chapter 14. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=88A1EAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT109#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*&quot;Japanese Popular Music in Singapore&quot;. Asian Music. vol 34. No 1: Fall/Winter 2002/2003. p 1. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_D4JAQAAMAAJ]

J-pop
*Bourdaghs. Sayonara Amerika, Sayonara Nippon: A Geopolitical Prehistory of J-pop. 2012. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=K_y88JwibrMC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*&quot;The Rise of J-Pop in Asia and Its Impact&quot; (2004) Japan Spotlight. vol 23. p 24. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=i7C0AAAAIAAJ]
*Terence Lancashire. &quot;J-pop's elusive J: Is Japanese popular music Japanese?&quot; (2008) Perfect Beat. vol 9. No 1. p 38. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5No4AQAAIAAJ]

Magazines

For Japanese music magazines, see [[w:ja:日本の音楽雑誌]].
*Music Periodicals in Japan — A Comprehensive List (1988) 35 Fontes Artis Musicae 116 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23507222] [https://books.google.com/books?id=qHYWAAAAIAAJ]
**Kishimoto, &quot;Additional Corrections and Alphabetical Title Index&quot; (1989) 36 Fontes Artis Musicae 38 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23507313] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7XYWAAAAIAAJ] 
*Special Bibliography: A Bibliography of Japanese Magazines and Music (1959) 3 Ethnomusicology 76 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/924290]
*A Historical Survey of Music Periodicals in Japan: 1881—1920 (1989) 36 Fontes Artis Musicae 44 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23507314]

*[[w:Oricon|Oricon]] (オリコン)
*[[w:Billboard Japan|Billboard Japan]] (ビルボード・ジャパン)
**Music Labo (ミュージック・ラボ) (1970 to 1994)
*Rolling Stone Japan
*新譜ジャーナル
*シンプジャーナル

*Myūjikku mansurī [ミュージック・マンスリー]  [https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/AN00396190]

Charts

For Japanese music charts, see [[w:ja:日本の音楽チャート]]

Traditional, Hogaku
*Malm. Traditional Japanese Music and Musical Instruments. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Yn3VQbqywCsC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Miyuki Yoshikami. Japan's Musical Tradition: Hogaku from Prehistory to the Present. 2020. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=X3XTDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Hughes. Traditional Folk Song in Modern Japan: Sources, Sentiment and Society. 2008. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yfV5DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Koto:
*Tokyo Academy of Music. Collection of Japanese Koto Music. 1888. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RncQAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PP13#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false][https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044040839565&amp;seq=1]

[[Category:Music]]</text>
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      <text bytes="16490" sha1="madx6op9glmujaun2qt6w044fwww7bn" xml:space="preserve">{{Bibliography}}

See [[s:Category:Music]] and [[w:Category:Music books]]

This part of the [[Universal Bibliography]] is a bibliography of music.

Bibliography
*[[w:Bibliography of Music Literature|Bibliography of Music Literature]]

*Green (ed). Foundations in Music Bibliography. 1993. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rADdpZN9UhAC&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Krummel. The Literature of Music Bibliography: An Account of the Writings on the History of Music Printing &amp; Publishing. 2nd Ed: 1992. [https://books.google.com/books?id=3AZsiITI-IEC]
*Bibliography of Music Bibliographies. 1967. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=d6YJAQAAMAAJ]
*Bayne. A Guide to Library Research in Music. 2008. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ExGbDqu9gPAC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*A Selected Bibliography of Music Librarianship [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=X5AeOl4O-osC]
*Bradley. American Music Librarianship: A Research and Information Guide. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VabcAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] 
*Music Reference and Research Materials. 3rd Ed: 1974: [https://books.google.com/books?id=5Y1IAAAAMAAJ]
*Agruss. Guide to Reference Books on Music. 1948. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wX06AAAAIAAJ]
*Haggerty. A Guide to Popular Music Reference Books: An Annotated Bibliography. 1995. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2OnEEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Coover. A Bibliography of Music Dictionaries. 1952. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NH06AAAAIAAJ]
*A Bibliography of Books on Music and Collections of Music. 1948. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vfvpnwWWlZwC]
*Deakin. Musical Bibliography: A Catalogue of the Musical Works. 1892. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-UgQAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PP7#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] (England 15th to 18th century)
*Matthew. The Literature of Music. 1896. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fTQ6AAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. Reviews: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bjdVAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA56#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dzcZAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA22#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=R0gcAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA470#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=qK5OAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA55#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1chZAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA155#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ezszAQAAMAAJ] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5h61TMyTmOMC] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8k8wAQAAIAAJ] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=i8W8LKTuc0AC]. Author: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=awIQAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA275#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
*Hoek. Analyses of Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Music, 1940-2000. 2007. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CRG4AQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*RILM Abstracts of Music Literature. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HxjjAAAAMAAJ]
*Elliker. The Periodical Literature of Music: Trends from 1952 to 1987. 1996. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=T5ifAAAAMAAJ]
*Forkel. Allgemeine Litteratur der Musik. 1792. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VTRDAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PR1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] Review: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3N8sAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA33#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

History and bibliography
*Matthew. A Handbook of Musical History and Bibliography. 1898. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=V1g5AAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false] Review: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P1lDAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA229#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Boyden. The History and Literature of Music: 1750 to the Present. 1959. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XcAZAQAAIAAJ]
*Brown. An Introduction to the History and Literature of Music in Western Culture. 2nd Ed: 2011. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=aKpGAAAACAAJ]

Chronology, annuals, year books, years
*Eisler. World Chronology of Music History.
*Lowe. A Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. 1896.
*Tokyo Ongaku Gakko. Kinsei Hogaku Nempyo. [Chronology of Japanese Music in Recent Ages.] Rokugatsu-Kan. Volume 1. 1912. Volume 2. 1914. Volume 3. 1927. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=drMQAQAAMAAJ]
*Cossar. This Day in Music. 2005. 2010.
*Glassman. The Year in Music. Columbia House.
*[[w:Herman Klein|Hermann Klein]]. Musical Notes. Annual Critical Record of Important Musical Events.
*[[w:Joseph Bennett (critic)|Bennett]]. The Musical Year.
*Hinrichsen's Musical Year Book
*The Musical Year Book of the United States
**The Boston Musical Year Book
*Billboard. Overview. 1982: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YyQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT53#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
*Billboard. The Year in Music. 1994: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZAgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA62#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Jackson. 1965: The Most Revolutionary Year in Music.
*Porter. A Musical Season: 1972-1973. 
**Music of Three Seasons: 1974-1977 
**Music of Three More Seasons 1977-1980
**Musical Events: A Chronicle, 1980-1983.
*[https://news.1242.com/article/tag/大人のmusic-calendar 【大人のMusic Calendar】]. Nippon Broadcasting System.

United Kingdom:
*Billboard. Spotlight on the United Kingdom. 1978:  [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TSQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT78#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1979: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MCUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT100#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

Australia:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Australia/New Zealand. 1982: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GCQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT54#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hiQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT29#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UCQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA60#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
**Live Talent of Australia: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YyQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT94#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Canada:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Canada. 1981: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DSQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT50#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

Scandanavia:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Scandanavia. 1981: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GCUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT86#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

France:
*Billboard. Spotlight on France. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-wgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA35#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1972: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=REUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA35#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1982: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AyQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT66#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ICUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA41#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Germany:
*Billboard. Spotlight on West Germany. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=zQgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA45#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-iMEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT12#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
**Spotlight on West Germany, Austria and Switzerland. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CSUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA35#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Italy:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Italy. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3yQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT36#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2SQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA38-IA1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1994: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XQgEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA67#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

Spain:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Spain. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5Q8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA49#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Brazil:
*Billboard. Spotlight on Brazil. 1996: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NA0EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA51#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].

United States
*Krummel. Bibliographical Handbook of American Music. 1987. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=G4wcnkvFZl4C&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Krummel. Resources of American Music History: A Directory of Source Materials from Colonial Times to World War II. 1981. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bJcYAAAAIAAJ]

Soviet
*Aschmann. Current Soviet Music Bibliography. 1976. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2i7jAAAAMAAJ]

Decline of pop music:
*[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/science-proves-pop-music-has-actually-gotten-worse-8173368/ Science Proves: Pop Music Has Actually Gotten Worse]. [[w:Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]. 27 July 2012.
*[https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/new-study-discovers-pop-music-has-suffered-significant-decline-in-one-area/ New study discovers pop music has suffered “significant decline” in one area]. [[w:Far Out (website)|Far Out]]. 5 July 2024.
*[https://www.globalnews.ca/news/9001083/why-older-music-more-popular-than-new-music/amp/ There is something very, very wrong with today’s music. It just may not be very good.] [[w:Global News|Global News]]. 24 July 2022.
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/articles/fb84bf19-29c9-4ed3-b6b6-953e8a083334 Has pop music lost its fun?]. BBC. 12 January 2018.
*[https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/its-official-modern-music-is-bad/ It’s official: modern music is bad]. The Spectator. 13 February 2024.

Conferences:
*International Music Industry Conference. 1971: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tggEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA29#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Laserdisc/Karaoke/CES
*Billboard. Karaoke. 1992:
[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jg8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA41-IA1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
**CES and Karaoke. 1994. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UggEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
**Laserdisc. 1995. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7AsEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA67#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
**Laserdisc/Karaoke. 1996: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iQ8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA59#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Oldies
*&quot;Oldies stations find their place in radio market&quot;. Star-News. 13 March 1988. pp 1D &amp; [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2OoyAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=PA16#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 6D]: &quot;Oldies&quot;.

==Japanese and Japan==
*Tsuge. Japanese Music: An Annotated Bibliography. 1986. [https://books.google.com/books?id=YCsKAQAAMAAJ]
*The Ashgate Research Companion to Japanese Music. 2017. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4tINDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA2#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

*Billboard. Spotlight on Japan. 1970:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mSkEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA37#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1971:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Fg8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA39#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1973:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QEUEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT25#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1977:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=USMEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT46#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1982:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=byQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT38#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1985: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1CQEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PT65#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1986:[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-CMEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA79#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1993: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=9A8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA57#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1995: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xwsEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA52-IA1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1996: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vwcEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA66#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1997: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_gkEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA61#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1998: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GgoEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA117#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 2000: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=aREEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA65#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 2002: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-QwEAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA53#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 2003: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3w0EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA45#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false].
*[[w:The Best Ten|The Best Ten]] (ザ・ベストテン). [Television programme]. [https://www.tbs.co.jp/tbs-ch/special/the_bestten/ Episodes].

*Wade. Music in Japan: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture. 2005. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XXYIAQAAMAAJ]
*Malm. Japanese Music &amp; Musical Instruments. 1959. [https://books.google.com/books?id=QkTaAAAAMAAJ]
*Pigott. The Music and Musical Instruments of Japan. 1893 [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ttKTUwmjzMwC&amp;pg=PR3#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]. 1909. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MAM5AAAAIAAJ]

History
*Eta Harich-Schneider. A History of Japanese Music. 1973. [https://books.google.com/books?id=3AraAAAAMAAJ]
*Koh-ichi Hattori. 123 Years of Japanese Music: The Culture of Japan Through a Look at Its Music. 2004. [https://books.google.com/books?id=znzsAAAAMAAJ]

Modern, contemporary, today
*Johnson. Handbook of Japanese Music in the Modern Era. 2024. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KNP7EAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Matsue. Focus: Music in Contemporary Japan. 2016. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AQgtCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Music of Japan Today. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YZQYEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Popular music
*Mitsui (ed). Made in Japan: Studies in Popular Music. 2014. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YWQKBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Stevens. Japanese Popular Music: Culture, Authenticity and Power. 2008. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OHMkdcL9DAMC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Mitsui. Popular Music in Japan: Transformation Inspired by the West. 2020. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FpbqDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Nagahara. Tokyo Boogie-Woogie: Japan’s Pop Era and Its Discontents. 2017. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=iTxYDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Patterson. Music and Words: Producing Popular Songs in Modern Japan, 1887–1952. 2019. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P0FvDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*James Stanlaw. &quot;Using English identity markers in Japanese Popular Music&quot;. English in East and South Asia. Chapter 14. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=88A1EAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT109#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*&quot;Japanese Popular Music in Singapore&quot;. Asian Music. vol 34. No 1: Fall/Winter 2002/2003. p 1. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_D4JAQAAMAAJ]

From folk to J-pop
*[[w:ja:富澤一誠|Issei Tomizawa]]. Ano subarashii kyoku o mō ichido: fōku kara J-poppu made. (Japanese: あの素晴しい曲をもう一度: フォークからJポップまで). [[w:Shinchosha|Shinchosha]]. 2010. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ju9MAQAAIAAJ]. Catalogue: [https://search.worldcat.org/title/501749494]. Commentary on book: [https://www.ytv.co.jp/michiura/time/2010/01/j2010110.html]. Review of the CD: [https://www.cdjournal.com/i/disc/great-agefree-music-forever-and-great-music-are-o/4109110788].

J-pop
*Bourdaghs. Sayonara Amerika, Sayonara Nippon: A Geopolitical Prehistory of J-pop. 2012. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=K_y88JwibrMC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*&quot;The Rise of J-Pop in Asia and Its Impact&quot; (2004) Japan Spotlight. vol 23. p 24. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=i7C0AAAAIAAJ]
*Terence Lancashire. &quot;J-pop's elusive J: Is Japanese popular music Japanese?&quot; (2008) Perfect Beat. vol 9. No 1. p 38. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5No4AQAAIAAJ]
*Tetsu Misaki. J-poppu no Nihongo: kashiron. (Japanese: Jポップの日本語: 歌詞論). [[w:ja:彩流社|彩流社 (Sairyusha)]]. 2002. [https://books.google.com/books?id=dsMpAQAAIAAJ] [https://search.worldcat.org/ja/title/J-:/oclc/52005194]

Magazines

For Japanese music magazines, see [[w:ja:日本の音楽雑誌]].
*Music Periodicals in Japan — A Comprehensive List (1988) 35 Fontes Artis Musicae 116 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23507222] [https://books.google.com/books?id=qHYWAAAAIAAJ]
**Kishimoto, &quot;Additional Corrections and Alphabetical Title Index&quot; (1989) 36 Fontes Artis Musicae 38 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23507313] [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7XYWAAAAIAAJ] 
*Special Bibliography: A Bibliography of Japanese Magazines and Music (1959) 3 Ethnomusicology 76 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/924290]
*A Historical Survey of Music Periodicals in Japan: 1881—1920 (1989) 36 Fontes Artis Musicae 44 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23507314]

*[[w:Oricon|Oricon]] (オリコン)
*[[w:Billboard Japan|Billboard Japan]] (ビルボード・ジャパン)
**Music Labo (ミュージック・ラボ) (1970 to 1994)
*Rolling Stone Japan
*新譜ジャーナル
*シンプジャーナル

*Myūjikku mansurī [ミュージック・マンスリー]  [https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/AN00396190]

Charts

For Japanese music charts, see [[w:ja:日本の音楽チャート]]

Traditional, Hogaku
*Malm. Traditional Japanese Music and Musical Instruments. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Yn3VQbqywCsC&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Miyuki Yoshikami. Japan's Musical Tradition: Hogaku from Prehistory to the Present. 2020. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=X3XTDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]
*Hughes. Traditional Folk Song in Modern Japan: Sources, Sentiment and Society. 2008. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yfV5DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]

Koto:
*Tokyo Academy of Music. Collection of Japanese Koto Music. 1888. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RncQAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PP13#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false][https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044040839565&amp;seq=1]

[[Category:Music]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cray J90 (computer)</title>
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      <id>2717871</id>
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        <username>Mu301</username>
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      <comment>/* IO Subsystem (IOS) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="17127" sha1="5jvi9fi5qcmgyn4dt4242ujbwzzir2t" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}
[[File:Cray J90 Series.jpg|thumb|right|A Cray J90 series system. The CPU/memory mainframe cabinet is at right; The IO Subsystem cabinet is at left.]]

The [[w:Cray J90|Cray J90]] series was a [[w:minisupercomputer|minisupercomputer]] manufactured by [[w:Cray|Cray Research]] from 1994 - 1998. This learning resource documents the restoration of a model J916 that was donated to the [[commons:Commons:Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island|Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island]] (RCS/RI) historic computer collection. 

These systems have multiple [[w:Scalar processor|scalar]]/[[w:Vector processor|vector]] parallel processors.  Unlike larger, more powerful, supercomputers that required [[w:Computer_cooling#Liquid_cooling|liquid cooling]], these used [[w:Computer_cooling#Air_cooling|air cooling]].

Index of Cray J90 Wikiversity subpages:
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Cray J90 (computer)/|hideredirect=1|stripprefix=1}}
&lt;br clear=all&gt;

== Hardware ==

[[File:Cray J90 Service WorkStation.jpg|thumb|right|The SPARCstation 5 System Workstation is the console for the Cray J90.]]
=== System WorkStation (SWS) ===

* [[w:SPARCstation 5|SPARCstation 5]] Node: &lt;code&gt;hbar&lt;/code&gt;
** [[w:SBus|SBus]]
*** 10base5 / 10base2 Ethernet
*** quad twisted pair Ethernet

=== IO Subsystem (IOS) ===

* [[w:VMEbus|VMEbus]]

# IOP - Themis SPARC 2LC-8 D1 S26950023
#* Ethernet: &lt;code&gt;00 80 B6 02 6B 40&lt;/code&gt;
#* Host ID: &lt;code&gt;FF050023&lt;/code&gt;
#* Node: &lt;code&gt;sn9109-ios0&lt;/code&gt;
#* Fujitsu SPARC MB86903-40 CPU Processor IOSV BOOT F/W REV 1.4
#* A/B serial
#* AUI Ethernet
#* SCSI
#** tape drive
#** CDROM
# IOBB-64 - Y1 Channel (Connection to processor board) 
# EI-1 – System Ethernet 
# DC-6S - Disk Controller (SCSI) 
#* 2c x 2t x 9.11 GB (36.44 GB formatted) specs&lt;ref name=admin /&gt; for each disk:
#** [https://dbgweb.net/product/90360800-a2/ Interphase H4220W-005] SCSI-2 Fast Wide High Voltage Differential controller
#** [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/seagate/scsi/elite/83328860C_ST410800_Elite_9_Product_Manual_Vol_1_199409.pdf Seagate ST410800WD Elite 9] 
#** 10.8 GB unformatted capacity
#** 9.08 GB formatted capacity
#** 5,400 rpm
#** 7.2 MB/s peak transfer rate (formatted)
#** 4.2 – 6.2 MB/s sustained transfer rate (formatted)
#** 1.7 – 23.5 ms access time (11.5 ms average)
#** Aggregate transfer rate capacity of controller is unknown
#** Maximum number of drives per controller is unknown
# (empty)
# (empty)
# IOP - Themis SPARC 2LC-8 D1 S26950078
#* Ethernet: &lt;code&gt;00 80 B6 02 9E 40&lt;/code&gt;
#* Host ID: &lt;code&gt;FF050078&lt;/code&gt;
#* Node: &lt;code&gt;sn9109-ios1&lt;/code&gt;
#* Fujitsu SPARC MB86903-40 CPU Processor IOSV BOOT F/W REV 1.4
#* A/B serial
#* AUI Ethernet
#* SCSI
# IOBB-64 - Y1 Channel (Connection to processor board) 
# DC-5I - Disk Controller (IPI) 
#* 2c x 2t x 3.4 GB (13.6 GB unformatted) specss&lt;ref name=admin /&gt; for each disk:
#** Xylogics SV7800 IPI-2 controller
#** Seagate ST43200K Elite 3
#** 3.4 GB unformatted capacity
#** 2.75 GB formatted capacity
#** 5,400 rpm
#** 12.4 MB/s peak transfer rate (unformatted)
#** 9.5 MB/s peak transfer rate (formatted)
#** 6 - 8.5 MB/s sustained transfer rate (formatted)
#** 1.7 – 24 ms access time (11.5 average)
#**  “The DC-5I disk controller is an intelligent and high-performance controller that can sustain the peak rates of four drives simultaneously to mainframe memory. You can attach up to four DD-5I drives to a DC-5I controller.”s&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;
# (empty) 
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
* Allied Telesis CentreCOM 470 MAU with 4 AUI and 1 10bse2

VME slots are labeled C1 – C20 in a 6-4-6-4 slot arrangement. Any of the four sections could be (but are not) jumpered to an adjacent section.

* VME0 C1 – C6
* VME1 C7 – C10
* VME2 C11 – C16
* VME3 C17 – C20

Note: the disk controller notation used here is [c]ontroller, SCSI [t]arget address, and [GB] capacity.

Spare FDDI VME card: Interphase H04211-004

New SCSI array: [https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19696-01/805-2624-12/805-2624-12.pdf StorEdge D1000]. (6 X 18GB)

The IOS (IO Subsystem) contains two IOPs (IO Processors, each with its own VME backplane) running the [[w:VxWorks|VxWorks]] IOS-V operating system.

Need to locate some disks and cables to connect the new disk array to the VME SCSI controller. We just need a small number of low capacity disks with a decent seek time.

Need to check the MAC addresses on the Themis IOPs to see if they match our custom config file. Also, document IP address mappings for MACs. The IOPs use the 10/8 private subnet.

[[File:Cray J90 Central Control Unit.jpg|thumb|right|A CCU showing an LED lamp test.]]

=== Central Control Unit (CCU) ===

* On the Cray Y-MP EL and EL98 the LED panel batteries take 36 hours to charge and last for 72 hours. The J90 uses four Eveready CH50 cells; these are standard D size Ni-Cd cells at 1.2 V and 1.8 Ah. These will be replaced with EBL Ni-MH cells at 1.2 V and 10.0 Ah. With these new batteries it takes about 10 hours to fully charge discharged batteries with a standard charger. There is a switch on the back of the CCU to disable the batteries to prevent them from discharging while the system is off.

=== Mainframe ===

Serial number: 9109. Node: &lt;code&gt;boson&lt;/code&gt;
# MEM0
# MEM1
# CPU0 with two Y1 channels
# CPU1
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)

[[File:Cray J90 CPU module.jpg|thumb|right|A 4 CPU scalar/vector Cray J90 processor module.]]

* Our specific model is J916/8-1024 (J90 series with a backplane that has space for eight modules. The backplane is only wired for four modules. There are two boards with a total of eight CPUs and two memory boards with a total of 1 GB RAM total. (We need to verify RAM size.) Based on the IOP JTAG boundary scan results, all of the eight processors are enabled.
* J90 Series: “The allowable backplane types are 1x1, 2x2, 4x4, and 8x8. There can be up to 8 processor modules with each module containing 4 CPUs. There can be up to 8 memory modules with a combined range of 0.25 to 4 Gbytes.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; It is not clear if Cray ever manufactured or sold a 1x1 J916 backplane.
* J90se series: “The Cray J90se mainframe runs the UNICOS operating system. It allows backplane types of 2x2, 4x4, or 8x8 processor modules. A Cray J98 system has up to 2 processor modules for a total of 8 CPUs. A Cray J916 system has up to 4 processor modules for a total of 16 CPUs. A Cray J932 system has up to 8 processor modules for a total of 32 CPUs. The combined memory capacity of these configurations ranges from 0.50 to 32 Gbytes.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; (J90se is “scaler enhanced; the scaler processors are upgraded from 100 to 200 MHz, but the vector processors are still 100 MHz.)
* &quot;Memory has a peak bandwidth of 32 words per clock period (CP) (25.6 Gbytes/s) for a 4 X 4 backplane (J916) configuration and 16 words per CP (12.8 Gbytes/s) for a 2 X 2 backplane (J98) configuration.&quot;&lt;ref name=overview /&gt;
* &quot;Data travels from a peripheral device, across a data channel to the device controller and then from the device controller, across the VMEbus to the I/O buffer board (IOBB). From the IOBB, data travels to the mainframe memory through the 50-Mbyte/s data channel.&quot;&lt;ref name=overview /&gt;

== Installed software ==

=== CDROM install media ===

* CrayDocs for UNICOS 8.0.3 March 1994
* J90 Console Install v 1.3 3/14/95
* UNICOS 10.0.0.5 Install May 1999
{Note: the CrayDocs and Console Install are seriously incompatible with UNICOS v. 10.}

=== Software versions ===

* SWS
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998
** Cray console software

* IOS
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (installed)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS

== Installation ==

“If you need to power-cycle the machine, you must press the CPU reset button first followed by the VME reset button on the control panel. Failure to press the reset buttons in this order will cause the power-up diagnostic tests to fail.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; This is an important note that I missed.

Release contents:
* IOS tar file
* Install tar file
* Generic UNICOS file system
* Generic system files
* UNICOS binaries

Read in the files from the install CD:
* Usage of the &lt;code&gt;/src&lt;/code&gt; partition is decreasing; the &lt;code&gt;/opt&lt;/code&gt; partition is used to store the installation and IOS-related files
* The install script is &lt;code&gt;./setup&lt;/code&gt; and it asks for the four digit serial number. This can be found on a plate on the back of the mainframe cabinet. The EL series serial numbers are 5nnn. Serial numbers 9nnn are J916 backplane; serial numbers 95nn are J932 backplane. &quot;In 1996 350 Cray J90 systems where shipped the large part of the total of 415 J90 systems. Some J90 systems are being converted to SV1 chassis just to keep the records complicated.&quot;&lt;ref name=faq3 /&gt; Serial numbers 3nnn are SV-1.&lt;ref name=faq3 /&gt;
* There is a &lt;code&gt;crayadm&lt;/code&gt; account and an &lt;code&gt;ios&lt;/code&gt; group account
* “Loads the opt. tar file from the CD into &lt;code&gt;/opt/install&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/opt/local&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;/opt/packages&lt;/code&gt;”
* “Establishes the J90 Console script (&lt;code&gt;jcon&lt;/code&gt;) script for the master lOS”
* “Sets up the &lt;code&gt;BOOTPD&lt;/code&gt; daemon”
* “Updates the following Solaris network files in &lt;code&gt;/etc&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;inetd.conf&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;services&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/code&gt;hostname.le1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;netmasks&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hosts&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nsswitch.conf&lt;/code&gt;”
* Reboot
* Log in with the &lt;code&gt;crayadm&lt;/code&gt; account using the password of &lt;code&gt;initial0&lt;/code&gt;.

Cray Load Optional Async Product Relocatables. Versions of UNICOS 9.0 and later automatically load this optional software.
* User Exits
* Tape Daemon
* Ultra
* Kerberos / Enigma
* Secure - Id
* NQS
* Accounting user - exits

Use &lt;code&gt;fold -80 logfile | more&lt;/code&gt; to view &lt;code&gt;/opt/install/log/xxxx&lt;/code&gt;, where xxxx is the serial number. Otherwise, vi and other editors will truncate the long lines of text making it unreadable.

Right mouse click on the OpenWindows root X window will show menu options for J90 Console and J90 Install Menu.

“If you are performing an initial install starting from CD-ROM, after running the Load Binaries procedure, you must quit the J90 Install Utility and restart it before continuing the installation. This avoids an lOS reset problem between the CD-ROM version of Load Binaries and the J90 UNICOS 9.0.2 version.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; Another important note that I missed.

Configuration files containing the ASICs chip information.
&lt;pre&gt;
/sys/pm0.cfg	# Processor Module configuration
/sys/mem0.cfg	# Memory Module Configuration
&lt;/pre&gt;

The UNICOS &lt;code&gt;root&lt;/code&gt; password is &lt;code&gt;initial&lt;/code&gt;. Run &lt;code&gt;mkfs /core&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mkdump&lt;/code&gt;. 

After installation there are two disk partitions &lt;code&gt;roota/usra/srca&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rootb/usrb/srcb&lt;/code&gt; for both a live boot and an alternate root used for upgrade. We need to install double the original disk space to accommodate the archive of the original disk arrays and a fresh install.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Recommended minimum partition sizes
|+
! style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; | Partition
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 4k blocks
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | MB
|-
| root
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 110,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 440
|-
| usr
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 190,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 760
|-
| src
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 120,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 480
|-
| opt
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 150,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 600
|+
! style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; | total
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 570,000
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 2,280
|}

Use &lt;code&gt;CONTROL-A&lt;/code&gt; to toggle between the IOS-V and UNICOS consoles.

== Administration ==

“Device recommendations: To avoid contention, you should configure the /usr file system on a different controller, disk, and lOS than the one on which the root (/) file system resides.”&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

“On baseline systems however, only swap is recommended as a striped disk. Striping is best used only for large I/O moves, such as swapping.”&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

“Device recommendations: If two or more lOSs are present, to avoid contention, you should configure /tmp and /home on a different controller, disk, and lOS than the one on which the frequently accessed system file systems and logical devices reside. This file system is best handled by allocating slices from several different disks to compose the logical file system. This disk allocation strategy is called banding.””&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

Banding is concatenating a bunch of disks to create a larger logical disk. Unlike striping, the banded disks can vary in size. Striping requires disks that are closely identical in raw capacity. I’ve seen no indication that the cray can do other levels of RAID.

Banding partitions / file systems:
&lt;pre&gt;
/usr/src
/tmp
&lt;/pre&gt;

== Startup ==

Describe power up procedure

Details of SWS, IOS, and mainframe initialization and boot

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=admin&gt;{{cite book |title=UNICOS Basic Administration Guide for CRAY J90 and CRAY EL Series |origyear=1994 |origmonth=March |url=https://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SG-2416_UNICOS_Basic_Administration_Guide_for_CRAY_J90_and_CRAY_EL_Series_8.0.3.2_Feb95.pdf  |accessdate=24 March 2025 |date=February 1995 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG-2416 8.0.3.2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=install&gt;{{cite book |title=UNICOS Installation Guide for Cray J90 Series |origyear=1995 |origmonth=March |url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SG-5271_UNICOS_Installation_Guide_for_CRAY_J90_Series_9.0.2_Apr96.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=April 1996 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG-5271 9.0.2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=overview&gt;{{cite book |title=CRAY J98 and CRAY J916 Systems Hardware Overview |origyear=1995 |url=https://cray.modularcircuits.com/cray_docs/hw/j90/HMM-094-A-Hardware_Overview_for_CRAY_J916_System-April_1998.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=April 1998 |publisher=Cray Research / Silicon Graphics |id=HMM-094-B }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=faq3&gt;{{cite web |url=https://0x07bell.net/WWWMASTER/CrayWWWStuff/Cfaqp3.html#TOC3 |title=Cray Research and Cray computers FAQ Part 3 |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=December 2003 |website=Cray Supercomputer FAQ and other documents |publisher= |access-date=28  May 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== Further reading ==

=== Wikimedia resources ===

* [[Scientific computing]] &lt;small&gt;General info about scientific computing.&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Scientific computing/History]] &lt;small&gt;A brief history of scientific computing through the mid-1970s.&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cosmological simulations]] &lt;small&gt;An example of one type of scientific computing.&lt;/small&gt;
{{Wikipedia | lang=en |Cray J90}}
{{commons |position=left |Cray J90}}
{{commons |position=left |Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island}}

=== Cray documentation ===

* {{cite book |title=CRAY IOS-V Commands Reference Manual |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SR-2170_CRAY_IOS-V_Commands_Reference_8.0.3.2_Mar95.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=March 1995 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SR2170 8.0.3.2 }}
* {{cite book |title=CF77 Compiling System, Volume 3: Vectorization Guide |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/UNICOS/5.0_1989/SG-3073_5.0_CF77_Vol3_Vectorization_Guide_Aug91.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=August 1991 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG 3073 5.0 }}
* {{cite book |url=https://cray-history.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/J90_JustRightForYou.pdf |title=The CRAY J916 System - Just Right For You |date=1994 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |access-date24 May 2025= }}
* {{cite journal |last=Qualters |first=Irene M. |year=1995 |title=Cray Research Software Report |journal=CUG 1995 Spring Proceedings |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S95PROC/3_5.PDF |accessdate=24 May 2025 }}
* {{cite web |url=https://cray.modularcircuits.com/cray_docs/hw/j90/ |title=Index of /cray_docs/hw/j90/ |last=Tantos |first=Andras |date=2021-07-01 |website=Modular Circuits: The Cray X-MP Simulator |publisher=Modular Circuits: The Cray X-MP Simulator
 |access-date=24 May 2025 }}

=== Informational sites ===

* {{cite web |url=https://cray-history.net/cray-history-front/fom-home/cray-j90-range/ |title=Cray J90 Range |website=Cray-History.net |access-date=24 May 2025 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://fornaxchimiae.blogspot.com/p/cray-j90.html |title=Cray Jedi |last=Umbricht |first=Michael L. |author-link=User:Mu301 |date=August 15, 2019 |website=Fornax Chimiæ |publisher=Retro-Computing Society of RI |access-date=24 May 2025 |quote=&lt;small&gt;Restoration of a Cray J90 series parallel vector processing system at RCS/RI&lt;/small&gt; }}

[[Category:Cray J90|*]]
[[Category:Retrocomputing]]
[[Category:Frequently asked questions]]
[[Category:Howtos]]</text>
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      <text bytes="17215" sha1="hgl148uqht218ockrts6xlyk1wbcyan" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}
[[File:Cray J90 Series.jpg|thumb|right|A Cray J90 series system. The CPU/memory mainframe cabinet is at right; The IO Subsystem cabinet is at left.]]

The [[w:Cray J90|Cray J90]] series was a [[w:minisupercomputer|minisupercomputer]] manufactured by [[w:Cray|Cray Research]] from 1994 - 1998. This learning resource documents the restoration of a model J916 that was donated to the [[commons:Commons:Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island|Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island]] (RCS/RI) historic computer collection. 

These systems have multiple [[w:Scalar processor|scalar]]/[[w:Vector processor|vector]] parallel processors.  Unlike larger, more powerful, supercomputers that required [[w:Computer_cooling#Liquid_cooling|liquid cooling]], these used [[w:Computer_cooling#Air_cooling|air cooling]].

Index of Cray J90 Wikiversity subpages:
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Cray J90 (computer)/|hideredirect=1|stripprefix=1}}
&lt;br clear=all&gt;

== Hardware ==

[[File:Cray J90 Service WorkStation.jpg|thumb|right|The SPARCstation 5 System Workstation is the console for the Cray J90.]]
=== System WorkStation (SWS) ===

* [[w:SPARCstation 5|SPARCstation 5]] Node: &lt;code&gt;hbar&lt;/code&gt;
** [[w:SBus|SBus]]
*** 10base5 / 10base2 Ethernet
*** quad twisted pair Ethernet

=== IO Subsystem (IOS) ===

* [[w:VMEbus|VMEbus]]

# IOP - Themis SPARC 2LC-8 D1 S26950023
#* Ethernet: &lt;code&gt;00 80 B6 02 6B 40&lt;/code&gt;
#* Host ID: &lt;code&gt;FF050023&lt;/code&gt;
#* Node: &lt;code&gt;sn9109-ios0&lt;/code&gt;
#* Fujitsu SPARC MB86903-40 CPU Processor IOSV BOOT F/W REV 1.4
#* A/B serial
#* AUI Ethernet
#* SCSI
#** tape drive
#** CDROM
# IOBB-64 - Y1 Channel (Connection to processor board) 
# EI-1 – System Ethernet 
# DC-6S - Disk Controller (SCSI) 
#* 2c x 2t x 9.11 GB (36.44 GB formatted) specs&lt;ref name=admin /&gt; for each disk:
#** [https://dbgweb.net/product/90360800-a2/ Interphase H4220W-005] SCSI-2 Fast Wide High Voltage Differential controller
#** [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/seagate/scsi/elite/83328860C_ST410800_Elite_9_Product_Manual_Vol_1_199409.pdf Seagate ST410800WD Elite 9] 
#** 10.8 GB unformatted capacity
#** 9.08 GB formatted capacity
#** 5,400 rpm
#** 7.2 MB/s peak transfer rate (formatted)
#** 4.2 – 6.2 MB/s sustained transfer rate (formatted)
#** 1.7 – 23.5 ms access time (11.5 ms average)
#** Aggregate transfer rate capacity of controller is unknown
#** Maximum number of drives per controller is unknown
# (empty)
# (empty)
# IOP - Themis SPARC 2LC-8 D1 S26950078
#* Ethernet: &lt;code&gt;00 80 B6 02 9E 40&lt;/code&gt;
#* Host ID: &lt;code&gt;FF050078&lt;/code&gt;
#* Node: &lt;code&gt;sn9109-ios1&lt;/code&gt;
#* Fujitsu SPARC MB86903-40 CPU Processor IOSV BOOT F/W REV 1.4
#* A/B serial
#* AUI Ethernet
#* SCSI
# IOBB-64 - Y1 Channel (Connection to processor board) 
# DC-5I - Disk Controller (IPI) 
#* 2c x 2t x 3.4 GB (13.6 GB unformatted) specss&lt;ref name=admin /&gt; for each disk:
#** Xylogics SV7800 IPI-2 controller
#** Seagate ST43200K Elite 3
#** 3.4 GB unformatted capacity
#** 2.75 GB formatted capacity
#** 5,400 rpm
#** 12.4 MB/s peak transfer rate (unformatted)
#** 9.5 MB/s peak transfer rate (formatted)
#** 6 - 8.5 MB/s sustained transfer rate (formatted)
#** 1.7 – 24 ms access time (11.5 average)
#**  “The DC-5I disk controller is an intelligent and high-performance controller that can sustain the peak rates of four drives simultaneously to mainframe memory. You can attach up to four DD-5I drives to a DC-5I controller.”s&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;
# (empty) 
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
* Allied Telesis CentreCOM 470 MAU with 4 AUI and 1 10bse2

VME slots are labeled C1 – C20 in a 6-4-6-4 slot arrangement. Any of the four sections could be (but are not) jumpered to an adjacent section.

* VME0 C1 – C6
* VME1 C7 – C10
* VME2 C11 – C16
* VME3 C17 – C20

Note: the disk controller notation used here is [c]ontroller, SCSI [t]arget address, and [GB] capacity.

Spare FDDI VME card: Interphase H04211-004

New SCSI array: [https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19696-01/805-2624-12/805-2624-12.pdf Sun StorEdge D1000]. (6 X [https://www.seagate.com/support/disc/manuals/scsi/29471c.pdf Seagate ST150176LC] SE/LVD)

The IOS (IO Subsystem) contains two IOPs (IO Processors, each with its own VME backplane) running the [[w:VxWorks|VxWorks]] IOS-V operating system.

Need to locate some disks and cables to connect the new disk array to the VME SCSI controller. We just need a small number of low capacity disks with a decent seek time.

Need to check the MAC addresses on the Themis IOPs to see if they match our custom config file. Also, document IP address mappings for MACs. The IOPs use the 10/8 private subnet.

[[File:Cray J90 Central Control Unit.jpg|thumb|right|A CCU showing an LED lamp test.]]

=== Central Control Unit (CCU) ===

* On the Cray Y-MP EL and EL98 the LED panel batteries take 36 hours to charge and last for 72 hours. The J90 uses four Eveready CH50 cells; these are standard D size Ni-Cd cells at 1.2 V and 1.8 Ah. These will be replaced with EBL Ni-MH cells at 1.2 V and 10.0 Ah. With these new batteries it takes about 10 hours to fully charge discharged batteries with a standard charger. There is a switch on the back of the CCU to disable the batteries to prevent them from discharging while the system is off.

=== Mainframe ===

Serial number: 9109. Node: &lt;code&gt;boson&lt;/code&gt;
# MEM0
# MEM1
# CPU0 with two Y1 channels
# CPU1
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)

[[File:Cray J90 CPU module.jpg|thumb|right|A 4 CPU scalar/vector Cray J90 processor module.]]

* Our specific model is J916/8-1024 (J90 series with a backplane that has space for eight modules. The backplane is only wired for four modules. There are two boards with a total of eight CPUs and two memory boards with a total of 1 GB RAM total. (We need to verify RAM size.) Based on the IOP JTAG boundary scan results, all of the eight processors are enabled.
* J90 Series: “The allowable backplane types are 1x1, 2x2, 4x4, and 8x8. There can be up to 8 processor modules with each module containing 4 CPUs. There can be up to 8 memory modules with a combined range of 0.25 to 4 Gbytes.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; It is not clear if Cray ever manufactured or sold a 1x1 J916 backplane.
* J90se series: “The Cray J90se mainframe runs the UNICOS operating system. It allows backplane types of 2x2, 4x4, or 8x8 processor modules. A Cray J98 system has up to 2 processor modules for a total of 8 CPUs. A Cray J916 system has up to 4 processor modules for a total of 16 CPUs. A Cray J932 system has up to 8 processor modules for a total of 32 CPUs. The combined memory capacity of these configurations ranges from 0.50 to 32 Gbytes.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; (J90se is “scaler enhanced; the scaler processors are upgraded from 100 to 200 MHz, but the vector processors are still 100 MHz.)
* &quot;Memory has a peak bandwidth of 32 words per clock period (CP) (25.6 Gbytes/s) for a 4 X 4 backplane (J916) configuration and 16 words per CP (12.8 Gbytes/s) for a 2 X 2 backplane (J98) configuration.&quot;&lt;ref name=overview /&gt;
* &quot;Data travels from a peripheral device, across a data channel to the device controller and then from the device controller, across the VMEbus to the I/O buffer board (IOBB). From the IOBB, data travels to the mainframe memory through the 50-Mbyte/s data channel.&quot;&lt;ref name=overview /&gt;

== Installed software ==

=== CDROM install media ===

* CrayDocs for UNICOS 8.0.3 March 1994
* J90 Console Install v 1.3 3/14/95
* UNICOS 10.0.0.5 Install May 1999
{Note: the CrayDocs and Console Install are seriously incompatible with UNICOS v. 10.}

=== Software versions ===

* SWS
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998
** Cray console software

* IOS
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (installed)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS

== Installation ==

“If you need to power-cycle the machine, you must press the CPU reset button first followed by the VME reset button on the control panel. Failure to press the reset buttons in this order will cause the power-up diagnostic tests to fail.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; This is an important note that I missed.

Release contents:
* IOS tar file
* Install tar file
* Generic UNICOS file system
* Generic system files
* UNICOS binaries

Read in the files from the install CD:
* Usage of the &lt;code&gt;/src&lt;/code&gt; partition is decreasing; the &lt;code&gt;/opt&lt;/code&gt; partition is used to store the installation and IOS-related files
* The install script is &lt;code&gt;./setup&lt;/code&gt; and it asks for the four digit serial number. This can be found on a plate on the back of the mainframe cabinet. The EL series serial numbers are 5nnn. Serial numbers 9nnn are J916 backplane; serial numbers 95nn are J932 backplane. &quot;In 1996 350 Cray J90 systems where shipped the large part of the total of 415 J90 systems. Some J90 systems are being converted to SV1 chassis just to keep the records complicated.&quot;&lt;ref name=faq3 /&gt; Serial numbers 3nnn are SV-1.&lt;ref name=faq3 /&gt;
* There is a &lt;code&gt;crayadm&lt;/code&gt; account and an &lt;code&gt;ios&lt;/code&gt; group account
* “Loads the opt. tar file from the CD into &lt;code&gt;/opt/install&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/opt/local&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;/opt/packages&lt;/code&gt;”
* “Establishes the J90 Console script (&lt;code&gt;jcon&lt;/code&gt;) script for the master lOS”
* “Sets up the &lt;code&gt;BOOTPD&lt;/code&gt; daemon”
* “Updates the following Solaris network files in &lt;code&gt;/etc&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;inetd.conf&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;services&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/code&gt;hostname.le1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;netmasks&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hosts&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nsswitch.conf&lt;/code&gt;”
* Reboot
* Log in with the &lt;code&gt;crayadm&lt;/code&gt; account using the password of &lt;code&gt;initial0&lt;/code&gt;.

Cray Load Optional Async Product Relocatables. Versions of UNICOS 9.0 and later automatically load this optional software.
* User Exits
* Tape Daemon
* Ultra
* Kerberos / Enigma
* Secure - Id
* NQS
* Accounting user - exits

Use &lt;code&gt;fold -80 logfile | more&lt;/code&gt; to view &lt;code&gt;/opt/install/log/xxxx&lt;/code&gt;, where xxxx is the serial number. Otherwise, vi and other editors will truncate the long lines of text making it unreadable.

Right mouse click on the OpenWindows root X window will show menu options for J90 Console and J90 Install Menu.

“If you are performing an initial install starting from CD-ROM, after running the Load Binaries procedure, you must quit the J90 Install Utility and restart it before continuing the installation. This avoids an lOS reset problem between the CD-ROM version of Load Binaries and the J90 UNICOS 9.0.2 version.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; Another important note that I missed.

Configuration files containing the ASICs chip information.
&lt;pre&gt;
/sys/pm0.cfg	# Processor Module configuration
/sys/mem0.cfg	# Memory Module Configuration
&lt;/pre&gt;

The UNICOS &lt;code&gt;root&lt;/code&gt; password is &lt;code&gt;initial&lt;/code&gt;. Run &lt;code&gt;mkfs /core&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mkdump&lt;/code&gt;. 

After installation there are two disk partitions &lt;code&gt;roota/usra/srca&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rootb/usrb/srcb&lt;/code&gt; for both a live boot and an alternate root used for upgrade. We need to install double the original disk space to accommodate the archive of the original disk arrays and a fresh install.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Recommended minimum partition sizes
|+
! style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; | Partition
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 4k blocks
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | MB
|-
| root
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 110,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 440
|-
| usr
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 190,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 760
|-
| src
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 120,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 480
|-
| opt
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 150,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 600
|+
! style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; | total
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 570,000
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 2,280
|}

Use &lt;code&gt;CONTROL-A&lt;/code&gt; to toggle between the IOS-V and UNICOS consoles.

== Administration ==

“Device recommendations: To avoid contention, you should configure the /usr file system on a different controller, disk, and lOS than the one on which the root (/) file system resides.”&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

“On baseline systems however, only swap is recommended as a striped disk. Striping is best used only for large I/O moves, such as swapping.”&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

“Device recommendations: If two or more lOSs are present, to avoid contention, you should configure /tmp and /home on a different controller, disk, and lOS than the one on which the frequently accessed system file systems and logical devices reside. This file system is best handled by allocating slices from several different disks to compose the logical file system. This disk allocation strategy is called banding.””&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

Banding is concatenating a bunch of disks to create a larger logical disk. Unlike striping, the banded disks can vary in size. Striping requires disks that are closely identical in raw capacity. I’ve seen no indication that the cray can do other levels of RAID.

Banding partitions / file systems:
&lt;pre&gt;
/usr/src
/tmp
&lt;/pre&gt;

== Startup ==

Describe power up procedure

Details of SWS, IOS, and mainframe initialization and boot

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=admin&gt;{{cite book |title=UNICOS Basic Administration Guide for CRAY J90 and CRAY EL Series |origyear=1994 |origmonth=March |url=https://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SG-2416_UNICOS_Basic_Administration_Guide_for_CRAY_J90_and_CRAY_EL_Series_8.0.3.2_Feb95.pdf  |accessdate=24 March 2025 |date=February 1995 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG-2416 8.0.3.2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=install&gt;{{cite book |title=UNICOS Installation Guide for Cray J90 Series |origyear=1995 |origmonth=March |url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SG-5271_UNICOS_Installation_Guide_for_CRAY_J90_Series_9.0.2_Apr96.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=April 1996 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG-5271 9.0.2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=overview&gt;{{cite book |title=CRAY J98 and CRAY J916 Systems Hardware Overview |origyear=1995 |url=https://cray.modularcircuits.com/cray_docs/hw/j90/HMM-094-A-Hardware_Overview_for_CRAY_J916_System-April_1998.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=April 1998 |publisher=Cray Research / Silicon Graphics |id=HMM-094-B }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=faq3&gt;{{cite web |url=https://0x07bell.net/WWWMASTER/CrayWWWStuff/Cfaqp3.html#TOC3 |title=Cray Research and Cray computers FAQ Part 3 |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=December 2003 |website=Cray Supercomputer FAQ and other documents |publisher= |access-date=28  May 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== Further reading ==

=== Wikimedia resources ===

* [[Scientific computing]] &lt;small&gt;General info about scientific computing.&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Scientific computing/History]] &lt;small&gt;A brief history of scientific computing through the mid-1970s.&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cosmological simulations]] &lt;small&gt;An example of one type of scientific computing.&lt;/small&gt;
{{Wikipedia | lang=en |Cray J90}}
{{commons |position=left |Cray J90}}
{{commons |position=left |Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island}}

=== Cray documentation ===

* {{cite book |title=CRAY IOS-V Commands Reference Manual |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SR-2170_CRAY_IOS-V_Commands_Reference_8.0.3.2_Mar95.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=March 1995 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SR2170 8.0.3.2 }}
* {{cite book |title=CF77 Compiling System, Volume 3: Vectorization Guide |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/UNICOS/5.0_1989/SG-3073_5.0_CF77_Vol3_Vectorization_Guide_Aug91.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=August 1991 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG 3073 5.0 }}
* {{cite book |url=https://cray-history.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/J90_JustRightForYou.pdf |title=The CRAY J916 System - Just Right For You |date=1994 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |access-date24 May 2025= }}
* {{cite journal |last=Qualters |first=Irene M. |year=1995 |title=Cray Research Software Report |journal=CUG 1995 Spring Proceedings |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S95PROC/3_5.PDF |accessdate=24 May 2025 }}
* {{cite web |url=https://cray.modularcircuits.com/cray_docs/hw/j90/ |title=Index of /cray_docs/hw/j90/ |last=Tantos |first=Andras |date=2021-07-01 |website=Modular Circuits: The Cray X-MP Simulator |publisher=Modular Circuits: The Cray X-MP Simulator
 |access-date=24 May 2025 }}

=== Informational sites ===

* {{cite web |url=https://cray-history.net/cray-history-front/fom-home/cray-j90-range/ |title=Cray J90 Range |website=Cray-History.net |access-date=24 May 2025 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://fornaxchimiae.blogspot.com/p/cray-j90.html |title=Cray Jedi |last=Umbricht |first=Michael L. |author-link=User:Mu301 |date=August 15, 2019 |website=Fornax Chimiæ |publisher=Retro-Computing Society of RI |access-date=24 May 2025 |quote=&lt;small&gt;Restoration of a Cray J90 series parallel vector processing system at RCS/RI&lt;/small&gt; }}

[[Category:Cray J90|*]]
[[Category:Retrocomputing]]
[[Category:Frequently asked questions]]
[[Category:Howtos]]</text>
      <sha1>hgl148uqht218ockrts6xlyk1wbcyan</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717896</id>
      <parentid>2717875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-04T14:14:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Foleyrya</username>
        <id>3003080</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* CDROM install media */ Added new media we has acquired</comment>
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      <text bytes="17556" sha1="guyxf1qd3xez6mtjvt01owk55jj1rq8" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}
[[File:Cray J90 Series.jpg|thumb|right|A Cray J90 series system. The CPU/memory mainframe cabinet is at right; The IO Subsystem cabinet is at left.]]

The [[w:Cray J90|Cray J90]] series was a [[w:minisupercomputer|minisupercomputer]] manufactured by [[w:Cray|Cray Research]] from 1994 - 1998. This learning resource documents the restoration of a model J916 that was donated to the [[commons:Commons:Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island|Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island]] (RCS/RI) historic computer collection. 

These systems have multiple [[w:Scalar processor|scalar]]/[[w:Vector processor|vector]] parallel processors.  Unlike larger, more powerful, supercomputers that required [[w:Computer_cooling#Liquid_cooling|liquid cooling]], these used [[w:Computer_cooling#Air_cooling|air cooling]].

Index of Cray J90 Wikiversity subpages:
{{Special:PrefixIndex/Cray J90 (computer)/|hideredirect=1|stripprefix=1}}
&lt;br clear=all&gt;

== Hardware ==

[[File:Cray J90 Service WorkStation.jpg|thumb|right|The SPARCstation 5 System Workstation is the console for the Cray J90.]]
=== System WorkStation (SWS) ===

* [[w:SPARCstation 5|SPARCstation 5]] Node: &lt;code&gt;hbar&lt;/code&gt;
** [[w:SBus|SBus]]
*** 10base5 / 10base2 Ethernet
*** quad twisted pair Ethernet

=== IO Subsystem (IOS) ===

* [[w:VMEbus|VMEbus]]

# IOP - Themis SPARC 2LC-8 D1 S26950023
#* Ethernet: &lt;code&gt;00 80 B6 02 6B 40&lt;/code&gt;
#* Host ID: &lt;code&gt;FF050023&lt;/code&gt;
#* Node: &lt;code&gt;sn9109-ios0&lt;/code&gt;
#* Fujitsu SPARC MB86903-40 CPU Processor IOSV BOOT F/W REV 1.4
#* A/B serial
#* AUI Ethernet
#* SCSI
#** tape drive
#** CDROM
# IOBB-64 - Y1 Channel (Connection to processor board) 
# EI-1 – System Ethernet 
# DC-6S - Disk Controller (SCSI) 
#* 2c x 2t x 9.11 GB (36.44 GB formatted) specs&lt;ref name=admin /&gt; for each disk:
#** [https://dbgweb.net/product/90360800-a2/ Interphase H4220W-005] SCSI-2 Fast Wide High Voltage Differential controller
#** [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/seagate/scsi/elite/83328860C_ST410800_Elite_9_Product_Manual_Vol_1_199409.pdf Seagate ST410800WD Elite 9] 
#** 10.8 GB unformatted capacity
#** 9.08 GB formatted capacity
#** 5,400 rpm
#** 7.2 MB/s peak transfer rate (formatted)
#** 4.2 – 6.2 MB/s sustained transfer rate (formatted)
#** 1.7 – 23.5 ms access time (11.5 ms average)
#** Aggregate transfer rate capacity of controller is unknown
#** Maximum number of drives per controller is unknown
# (empty)
# (empty)
# IOP - Themis SPARC 2LC-8 D1 S26950078
#* Ethernet: &lt;code&gt;00 80 B6 02 9E 40&lt;/code&gt;
#* Host ID: &lt;code&gt;FF050078&lt;/code&gt;
#* Node: &lt;code&gt;sn9109-ios1&lt;/code&gt;
#* Fujitsu SPARC MB86903-40 CPU Processor IOSV BOOT F/W REV 1.4
#* A/B serial
#* AUI Ethernet
#* SCSI
# IOBB-64 - Y1 Channel (Connection to processor board) 
# DC-5I - Disk Controller (IPI) 
#* 2c x 2t x 3.4 GB (13.6 GB unformatted) specss&lt;ref name=admin /&gt; for each disk:
#** Xylogics SV7800 IPI-2 controller
#** Seagate ST43200K Elite 3
#** 3.4 GB unformatted capacity
#** 2.75 GB formatted capacity
#** 5,400 rpm
#** 12.4 MB/s peak transfer rate (unformatted)
#** 9.5 MB/s peak transfer rate (formatted)
#** 6 - 8.5 MB/s sustained transfer rate (formatted)
#** 1.7 – 24 ms access time (11.5 average)
#**  “The DC-5I disk controller is an intelligent and high-performance controller that can sustain the peak rates of four drives simultaneously to mainframe memory. You can attach up to four DD-5I drives to a DC-5I controller.”s&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;
# (empty) 
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
# (empty)
* Allied Telesis CentreCOM 470 MAU with 4 AUI and 1 10bse2

VME slots are labeled C1 – C20 in a 6-4-6-4 slot arrangement. Any of the four sections could be (but are not) jumpered to an adjacent section.

* VME0 C1 – C6
* VME1 C7 – C10
* VME2 C11 – C16
* VME3 C17 – C20

Note: the disk controller notation used here is [c]ontroller, SCSI [t]arget address, and [GB] capacity.

Spare FDDI VME card: Interphase H04211-004

New SCSI array: [https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19696-01/805-2624-12/805-2624-12.pdf Sun StorEdge D1000]. (6 X [https://www.seagate.com/support/disc/manuals/scsi/29471c.pdf Seagate ST150176LC] SE/LVD)

The IOS (IO Subsystem) contains two IOPs (IO Processors, each with its own VME backplane) running the [[w:VxWorks|VxWorks]] IOS-V operating system.

Need to locate some disks and cables to connect the new disk array to the VME SCSI controller. We just need a small number of low capacity disks with a decent seek time.

Need to check the MAC addresses on the Themis IOPs to see if they match our custom config file. Also, document IP address mappings for MACs. The IOPs use the 10/8 private subnet.

[[File:Cray J90 Central Control Unit.jpg|thumb|right|A CCU showing an LED lamp test.]]

=== Central Control Unit (CCU) ===

* On the Cray Y-MP EL and EL98 the LED panel batteries take 36 hours to charge and last for 72 hours. The J90 uses four Eveready CH50 cells; these are standard D size Ni-Cd cells at 1.2 V and 1.8 Ah. These will be replaced with EBL Ni-MH cells at 1.2 V and 10.0 Ah. With these new batteries it takes about 10 hours to fully charge discharged batteries with a standard charger. There is a switch on the back of the CCU to disable the batteries to prevent them from discharging while the system is off.

=== Mainframe ===

Serial number: 9109. Node: &lt;code&gt;boson&lt;/code&gt;
# MEM0
# MEM1
# CPU0 with two Y1 channels
# CPU1
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)
# (empty / disabled)

[[File:Cray J90 CPU module.jpg|thumb|right|A 4 CPU scalar/vector Cray J90 processor module.]]

* Our specific model is J916/8-1024 (J90 series with a backplane that has space for eight modules. The backplane is only wired for four modules. There are two boards with a total of eight CPUs and two memory boards with a total of 1 GB RAM total. (We need to verify RAM size.) Based on the IOP JTAG boundary scan results, all of the eight processors are enabled.
* J90 Series: “The allowable backplane types are 1x1, 2x2, 4x4, and 8x8. There can be up to 8 processor modules with each module containing 4 CPUs. There can be up to 8 memory modules with a combined range of 0.25 to 4 Gbytes.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; It is not clear if Cray ever manufactured or sold a 1x1 J916 backplane.
* J90se series: “The Cray J90se mainframe runs the UNICOS operating system. It allows backplane types of 2x2, 4x4, or 8x8 processor modules. A Cray J98 system has up to 2 processor modules for a total of 8 CPUs. A Cray J916 system has up to 4 processor modules for a total of 16 CPUs. A Cray J932 system has up to 8 processor modules for a total of 32 CPUs. The combined memory capacity of these configurations ranges from 0.50 to 32 Gbytes.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; (J90se is “scaler enhanced; the scaler processors are upgraded from 100 to 200 MHz, but the vector processors are still 100 MHz.)
* &quot;Memory has a peak bandwidth of 32 words per clock period (CP) (25.6 Gbytes/s) for a 4 X 4 backplane (J916) configuration and 16 words per CP (12.8 Gbytes/s) for a 2 X 2 backplane (J98) configuration.&quot;&lt;ref name=overview /&gt;
* &quot;Data travels from a peripheral device, across a data channel to the device controller and then from the device controller, across the VMEbus to the I/O buffer board (IOBB). From the IOBB, data travels to the mainframe memory through the 50-Mbyte/s data channel.&quot;&lt;ref name=overview /&gt;

== Installed software ==

=== CDROM install media ===

* CrayDocs for UNICOS 8.0.3 March 1994
* J90 Console Install v 1.3 3/14/95
* UNICOS 10.0.0.5 Install May 1999
{Note: the CrayDocs and Console Install are seriously incompatible with UNICOS v. 10.}

* Support System and IOS-E Installation Guide SG-560A
* Cray J90 (unknown version SWS software and IOS software)
* [[iarchive:cray-cd1|UNICOS 10.0.0.2]] May 1998

* CrayDoc Documentation Library 3.0 (UNICOS 10.0.1.2, SWS 6.2, NQE 3.3,)
* UNICOS 10.0.1.2 (May not support J90 &quot;Classic&quot;)
* SWS 6.2
* NQE 3.3.0.15 Modules 2.2.2.3 CAL 10.1.0.6

=== Software versions ===

* SWS
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998
** Cray console software

* IOS
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (installed)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS

== Installation ==

“If you need to power-cycle the machine, you must press the CPU reset button first followed by the VME reset button on the control panel. Failure to press the reset buttons in this order will cause the power-up diagnostic tests to fail.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; This is an important note that I missed.

Release contents:
* IOS tar file
* Install tar file
* Generic UNICOS file system
* Generic system files
* UNICOS binaries

Read in the files from the install CD:
* Usage of the &lt;code&gt;/src&lt;/code&gt; partition is decreasing; the &lt;code&gt;/opt&lt;/code&gt; partition is used to store the installation and IOS-related files
* The install script is &lt;code&gt;./setup&lt;/code&gt; and it asks for the four digit serial number. This can be found on a plate on the back of the mainframe cabinet. The EL series serial numbers are 5nnn. Serial numbers 9nnn are J916 backplane; serial numbers 95nn are J932 backplane. &quot;In 1996 350 Cray J90 systems where shipped the large part of the total of 415 J90 systems. Some J90 systems are being converted to SV1 chassis just to keep the records complicated.&quot;&lt;ref name=faq3 /&gt; Serial numbers 3nnn are SV-1.&lt;ref name=faq3 /&gt;
* There is a &lt;code&gt;crayadm&lt;/code&gt; account and an &lt;code&gt;ios&lt;/code&gt; group account
* “Loads the opt. tar file from the CD into &lt;code&gt;/opt/install&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;/opt/local&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;/opt/packages&lt;/code&gt;”
* “Establishes the J90 Console script (&lt;code&gt;jcon&lt;/code&gt;) script for the master lOS”
* “Sets up the &lt;code&gt;BOOTPD&lt;/code&gt; daemon”
* “Updates the following Solaris network files in &lt;code&gt;/etc&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;inetd.conf&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;services&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;/code&gt;hostname.le1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;netmasks&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;hosts&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nsswitch.conf&lt;/code&gt;”
* Reboot
* Log in with the &lt;code&gt;crayadm&lt;/code&gt; account using the password of &lt;code&gt;initial0&lt;/code&gt;.

Cray Load Optional Async Product Relocatables. Versions of UNICOS 9.0 and later automatically load this optional software.
* User Exits
* Tape Daemon
* Ultra
* Kerberos / Enigma
* Secure - Id
* NQS
* Accounting user - exits

Use &lt;code&gt;fold -80 logfile | more&lt;/code&gt; to view &lt;code&gt;/opt/install/log/xxxx&lt;/code&gt;, where xxxx is the serial number. Otherwise, vi and other editors will truncate the long lines of text making it unreadable.

Right mouse click on the OpenWindows root X window will show menu options for J90 Console and J90 Install Menu.

“If you are performing an initial install starting from CD-ROM, after running the Load Binaries procedure, you must quit the J90 Install Utility and restart it before continuing the installation. This avoids an lOS reset problem between the CD-ROM version of Load Binaries and the J90 UNICOS 9.0.2 version.”&lt;ref name=install /&gt; Another important note that I missed.

Configuration files containing the ASICs chip information.
&lt;pre&gt;
/sys/pm0.cfg	# Processor Module configuration
/sys/mem0.cfg	# Memory Module Configuration
&lt;/pre&gt;

The UNICOS &lt;code&gt;root&lt;/code&gt; password is &lt;code&gt;initial&lt;/code&gt;. Run &lt;code&gt;mkfs /core&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;mkdump&lt;/code&gt;. 

After installation there are two disk partitions &lt;code&gt;roota/usra/srca&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rootb/usrb/srcb&lt;/code&gt; for both a live boot and an alternate root used for upgrade. We need to install double the original disk space to accommodate the archive of the original disk arrays and a fresh install.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;
!colspan=&quot;3&quot; | Recommended minimum partition sizes
|+
! style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; | Partition
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 4k blocks
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | MB
|-
| root
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 110,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 440
|-
| usr
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 190,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 760
|-
| src
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 120,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 480
|-
| opt
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 150,000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 600
|+
! style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; | total
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 570,000
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot; | 2,280
|}

Use &lt;code&gt;CONTROL-A&lt;/code&gt; to toggle between the IOS-V and UNICOS consoles.

== Administration ==

“Device recommendations: To avoid contention, you should configure the /usr file system on a different controller, disk, and lOS than the one on which the root (/) file system resides.”&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

“On baseline systems however, only swap is recommended as a striped disk. Striping is best used only for large I/O moves, such as swapping.”&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

“Device recommendations: If two or more lOSs are present, to avoid contention, you should configure /tmp and /home on a different controller, disk, and lOS than the one on which the frequently accessed system file systems and logical devices reside. This file system is best handled by allocating slices from several different disks to compose the logical file system. This disk allocation strategy is called banding.””&lt;ref name=admin /&gt;

Banding is concatenating a bunch of disks to create a larger logical disk. Unlike striping, the banded disks can vary in size. Striping requires disks that are closely identical in raw capacity. I’ve seen no indication that the cray can do other levels of RAID.

Banding partitions / file systems:
&lt;pre&gt;
/usr/src
/tmp
&lt;/pre&gt;

== Startup ==

Describe power up procedure

Details of SWS, IOS, and mainframe initialization and boot

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=admin&gt;{{cite book |title=UNICOS Basic Administration Guide for CRAY J90 and CRAY EL Series |origyear=1994 |origmonth=March |url=https://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SG-2416_UNICOS_Basic_Administration_Guide_for_CRAY_J90_and_CRAY_EL_Series_8.0.3.2_Feb95.pdf  |accessdate=24 March 2025 |date=February 1995 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG-2416 8.0.3.2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=install&gt;{{cite book |title=UNICOS Installation Guide for Cray J90 Series |origyear=1995 |origmonth=March |url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SG-5271_UNICOS_Installation_Guide_for_CRAY_J90_Series_9.0.2_Apr96.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=April 1996 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG-5271 9.0.2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=overview&gt;{{cite book |title=CRAY J98 and CRAY J916 Systems Hardware Overview |origyear=1995 |url=https://cray.modularcircuits.com/cray_docs/hw/j90/HMM-094-A-Hardware_Overview_for_CRAY_J916_System-April_1998.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=April 1998 |publisher=Cray Research / Silicon Graphics |id=HMM-094-B }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=faq3&gt;{{cite web |url=https://0x07bell.net/WWWMASTER/CrayWWWStuff/Cfaqp3.html#TOC3 |title=Cray Research and Cray computers FAQ Part 3 |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=December 2003 |website=Cray Supercomputer FAQ and other documents |publisher= |access-date=28  May 2025 |quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== Further reading ==

=== Wikimedia resources ===

* [[Scientific computing]] &lt;small&gt;General info about scientific computing.&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Scientific computing/History]] &lt;small&gt;A brief history of scientific computing through the mid-1970s.&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cosmological simulations]] &lt;small&gt;An example of one type of scientific computing.&lt;/small&gt;
{{Wikipedia | lang=en |Cray J90}}
{{commons |position=left |Cray J90}}
{{commons |position=left |Retro-Computing Society of Rhode Island}}

=== Cray documentation ===

* {{cite book |title=CRAY IOS-V Commands Reference Manual |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/J90/SR-2170_CRAY_IOS-V_Commands_Reference_8.0.3.2_Mar95.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=March 1995 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SR2170 8.0.3.2 }}
* {{cite book |title=CF77 Compiling System, Volume 3: Vectorization Guide |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/UNICOS/5.0_1989/SG-3073_5.0_CF77_Vol3_Vectorization_Guide_Aug91.pdf |accessdate=24 May 2025 |date=August 1991 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |id=SG 3073 5.0 }}
* {{cite book |url=https://cray-history.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/J90_JustRightForYou.pdf |title=The CRAY J916 System - Just Right For You |date=1994 |publisher=Cray Research, Inc. |location=Mendota Heights, MN |access-date24 May 2025= }}
* {{cite journal |last=Qualters |first=Irene M. |year=1995 |title=Cray Research Software Report |journal=CUG 1995 Spring Proceedings |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S95PROC/3_5.PDF |accessdate=24 May 2025 }}
* {{cite web |url=https://cray.modularcircuits.com/cray_docs/hw/j90/ |title=Index of /cray_docs/hw/j90/ |last=Tantos |first=Andras |date=2021-07-01 |website=Modular Circuits: The Cray X-MP Simulator |publisher=Modular Circuits: The Cray X-MP Simulator
 |access-date=24 May 2025 }}

=== Informational sites ===

* {{cite web |url=https://cray-history.net/cray-history-front/fom-home/cray-j90-range/ |title=Cray J90 Range |website=Cray-History.net |access-date=24 May 2025 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://fornaxchimiae.blogspot.com/p/cray-j90.html |title=Cray Jedi |last=Umbricht |first=Michael L. |author-link=User:Mu301 |date=August 15, 2019 |website=Fornax Chimiæ |publisher=Retro-Computing Society of RI |access-date=24 May 2025 |quote=&lt;small&gt;Restoration of a Cray J90 series parallel vector processing system at RCS/RI&lt;/small&gt; }}

[[Category:Cray J90|*]]
[[Category:Retrocomputing]]
[[Category:Frequently asked questions]]
[[Category:Howtos]]</text>
      <sha1>guyxf1qd3xez6mtjvt01owk55jj1rq8</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cray J90 (computer)/FAQ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>321932</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717831</id>
      <parentid>2717563</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T19:13:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mu301</username>
        <id>3705</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Software versions */</comment>
      <origin>2717831</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3420" sha1="hc5b01yn19vk2p1rdcxil9aa41fs2kg" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}

These are (in)frequently asked questions and answers about the Cray J90 series along with trivia and other info.

=== J916 system specifications === 

(From the original 1994 announcement.&lt;ref name=computerworld /&gt;)
* Number of processors: 4 to 16
* Peak performance: 200 MFLOPS per CPU
* Memory capacity: 500M bytes to 4G bytes
* Memory bandwidth: 25.6G bytes per second
* Number of I/O subsystems: 1 to 16
* List price: $225,000 to $2 million

=== Software versions ===

* System WorkStation (SWS)
** Solaris 2.4 / SunOS 5.4 / November 1994
** Solaris 2.5 / SunOS 5.5 / November 1995
** Solaris 2.5.1 / SunOS 5.5.1 / May 1996
** Solaris 2.6 / SunOS 5.6 / July 1997
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998

* Cray console software

* IO Subsystem (IOS)
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (VxWorks)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS 8.0.3.2J / March 1995 (initial J90 version)
** UNICOS 8.04A / June 1995
** UNICOS 8.04B / July 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.1 / September 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.2 / November 1995
** UNICOS 9.0.2 / April 1996
** UNICOS 9.2 / January 1997
** UNICOS 9.3 / August 1997
** UNICOS 10.0. / November 1997
** UNICOS 10.0.0.2 / May 1998
** (Y2K compliant, gigaring support, solid state disk storage)

== Trivia ==

The R/J98 was an 8 processor J916 backplane with two quad processor modules in a ruggedized configuration. It was produced in partnership with Rugged Digital Systems, a DmC business unit. The company was founded in 1982 and provided ruggedized computer systems based on DEC's VAX and other architectures for industrial, field, and military uses.&lt;ref name=signal /&gt;

The MARQUISE demonstration project was used to &quot;shrink a 4 processor, 1 GByte memory version of the Cray J90 supercomputer from a cabinet system down to a form factor suitable for a 19 inch rack. Weight is reduced by 75% and volume is reduced by 80%.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot; /&gt;

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=signal&gt;{{cite journal |year=1994 |month=November |title=Rugged Cray power, rugged Cray performance |journal=Signal |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=52 |issn=0037-4938 |publisher=Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Ig-AQAAIAAJ&amp;pg=RA2-PA52#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=2025-05-24 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot;&gt;{{cite conference |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/AUTHORS/CULHANE/INDEX.HTM |title=MARQUISE - An Embedded High Performance Computer Demonstration |last1=Culhane |first1=Candy |last2=Boudreaux |first2=Paul J. |last3=Sienski |first3=Ken |date=September 1997 |conference=Thirty-Ninth Semi-Annual Cray User Group Meeting |conference-url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/INDEX.HTM |editor=Bob and Karen Winget |book-title=Seismic Supercomputing |series=Cray User Group Proceedings |volume=39 |publisher=Cray User Group |location=San Jose, CA |access-date=25 May 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=computerworld&gt;{{cite journal |last=Stedman |first=Craig |date=October 10, 1994 |title=Raw power is lure in Cray's low-end bid |journal=Computerworld |volume=28 |issue=41 |pages=75, 77 |id= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6j1_EuYNVoC&amp;pg=PA75#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=24 May 2025 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

[[Category:Cray J90|FAQ]]</text>
      <sha1>hc5b01yn19vk2p1rdcxil9aa41fs2kg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717836</id>
      <parentid>2717831</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-02T21:31:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mu301</username>
        <id>3705</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Software versions */ ce</comment>
      <origin>2717836</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3446" sha1="7jfvfluffeeyd6pke570qisr3pcj5dx" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}

These are (in)frequently asked questions and answers about the Cray J90 series along with trivia and other info.

=== J916 system specifications === 

(From the original 1994 announcement.&lt;ref name=computerworld /&gt;)
* Number of processors: 4 to 16
* Peak performance: 200 MFLOPS per CPU
* Memory capacity: 500M bytes to 4G bytes
* Memory bandwidth: 25.6G bytes per second
* Number of I/O subsystems: 1 to 16
* List price: $225,000 to $2 million

=== Software versions ===

* System WorkStation (SWS)
** Solaris 2.4 / SunOS 5.4 / November 1994
** Solaris 2.5 / SunOS 5.5 / November 1995
** Solaris 2.5.1 / SunOS 5.5.1 / May 1996
** Solaris 2.6 / SunOS 5.6 / July 1997
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998

* Cray console software

* IO Subsystem (IOS)
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (VxWorks)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS 8.0.3.2J / March 1995 (initial J90 version)
** UNICOS 8.04A / June 1995
** UNICOS 8.04B / July 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.1 / September 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.2 / November 1995
** UNICOS 9.0.2 / April 1996
** UNICOS 9.2 / January 1997
** UNICOS 9.3 / August 1997
** UNICOS 10.0. / November 1997
** UNICOS 10.0.0.2 / May 1998 (last supported version?)
** (Y2K compliant, gigaring support, solid state disk storage)

== Trivia ==

The R/J98 was an 8 processor J916 backplane with two quad processor modules in a ruggedized configuration. It was produced in partnership with Rugged Digital Systems, a DmC business unit. The company was founded in 1982 and provided ruggedized computer systems based on DEC's VAX and other architectures for industrial, field, and military uses.&lt;ref name=signal /&gt;

The MARQUISE demonstration project was used to &quot;shrink a 4 processor, 1 GByte memory version of the Cray J90 supercomputer from a cabinet system down to a form factor suitable for a 19 inch rack. Weight is reduced by 75% and volume is reduced by 80%.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot; /&gt;

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=signal&gt;{{cite journal |year=1994 |month=November |title=Rugged Cray power, rugged Cray performance |journal=Signal |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=52 |issn=0037-4938 |publisher=Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Ig-AQAAIAAJ&amp;pg=RA2-PA52#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=2025-05-24 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot;&gt;{{cite conference |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/AUTHORS/CULHANE/INDEX.HTM |title=MARQUISE - An Embedded High Performance Computer Demonstration |last1=Culhane |first1=Candy |last2=Boudreaux |first2=Paul J. |last3=Sienski |first3=Ken |date=September 1997 |conference=Thirty-Ninth Semi-Annual Cray User Group Meeting |conference-url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/INDEX.HTM |editor=Bob and Karen Winget |book-title=Seismic Supercomputing |series=Cray User Group Proceedings |volume=39 |publisher=Cray User Group |location=San Jose, CA |access-date=25 May 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=computerworld&gt;{{cite journal |last=Stedman |first=Craig |date=October 10, 1994 |title=Raw power is lure in Cray's low-end bid |journal=Computerworld |volume=28 |issue=41 |pages=75, 77 |id= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6j1_EuYNVoC&amp;pg=PA75#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=24 May 2025 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

[[Category:Cray J90|FAQ]]</text>
      <sha1>7jfvfluffeeyd6pke570qisr3pcj5dx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>2717869</id>
      <parentid>2717836</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Mu301</username>
        <id>3705</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>ce</comment>
      <origin>2717869</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3474" sha1="thgvenhqy8whplszzfit5jafglmjwr0" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}

These are (in)frequently asked questions and answers about the Cray J90 series along with trivia and other info.

=== J916 system specifications === 

(From the original 1994 announcement.&lt;ref name=computerworld /&gt;)
* Number of processors: 4 to 16
* Peak performance: 200 MFLOPS per CPU
* Memory capacity: 500M bytes to 4G bytes
* Memory bandwidth: 25.6G bytes per second
* Number of I/O subsystems: 1 to 16
* List price: $225,000 to $2 million

=== Software versions ===

* System WorkStation (SWS)
** Solaris 2.4 / SunOS 5.4 / November 1994
** Solaris 2.5 / SunOS 5.5 / November 1995
** Solaris 2.5.1 / SunOS 5.5.1 / May 1996
** Solaris 2.6 / SunOS 5.6 / July 1997
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998

* Cray console software

* IO Subsystem (IOS)
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (VxWorks)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS 8.0.3.2J / March 1995 (initial J90 version)
** UNICOS 8.04A / June 1995
** UNICOS 8.04B / July 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.1 / September 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.2 / November 1995
** UNICOS 9.0.2 / April 1996
** UNICOS 9.2 / January 1997 (J90se and GigaRing support added)
** UNICOS 9.3 / August 1997
** UNICOS 10.0. / November 1997
** UNICOS 10.0.0.2 / May 1998 (last version to support IOS-V?)
** UNICOS 10.0.0.8 and later (SV1 support added)

== Trivia ==

The R/J98 was an 8 processor J916 backplane with two quad processor modules in a ruggedized configuration. It was produced in partnership with Rugged Digital Systems, a DmC business unit. The company was founded in 1982 and provided ruggedized computer systems based on DEC's VAX and other architectures for industrial, field, and military uses.&lt;ref name=signal /&gt;

The MARQUISE demonstration project was used to &quot;shrink a 4 processor, 1 GByte memory version of the Cray J90 supercomputer from a cabinet system down to a form factor suitable for a 19 inch rack. Weight is reduced by 75% and volume is reduced by 80%.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot; /&gt;

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=signal&gt;{{cite journal |year=1994 |month=November |title=Rugged Cray power, rugged Cray performance |journal=Signal |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=52 |issn=0037-4938 |publisher=Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Ig-AQAAIAAJ&amp;pg=RA2-PA52#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=2025-05-24 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot;&gt;{{cite conference |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/AUTHORS/CULHANE/INDEX.HTM |title=MARQUISE - An Embedded High Performance Computer Demonstration |last1=Culhane |first1=Candy |last2=Boudreaux |first2=Paul J. |last3=Sienski |first3=Ken |date=September 1997 |conference=Thirty-Ninth Semi-Annual Cray User Group Meeting |conference-url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/INDEX.HTM |editor=Bob and Karen Winget |book-title=Seismic Supercomputing |series=Cray User Group Proceedings |volume=39 |publisher=Cray User Group |location=San Jose, CA |access-date=25 May 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=computerworld&gt;{{cite journal |last=Stedman |first=Craig |date=October 10, 1994 |title=Raw power is lure in Cray's low-end bid |journal=Computerworld |volume=28 |issue=41 |pages=75, 77 |id= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6j1_EuYNVoC&amp;pg=PA75#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=24 May 2025 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

[[Category:Cray J90|FAQ]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>2717870</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Mu301</username>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3514" sha1="jqmj4f50fpyz4xogh5n9mg1jmnzfy59" xml:space="preserve">{{Under construction|This page is under construction. Content is likely to be revised significantly until September 2025}}

These are (in)frequently asked questions and answers about the Cray J90 series along with trivia and other info.

=== J916 system specifications === 

(From the original 1994 announcement.&lt;ref name=computerworld /&gt;)
* Number of processors: 4 to 16
* Peak performance: 200 MFLOPS per CPU
* Memory capacity: 500M bytes to 4G bytes
* Memory bandwidth: 25.6G bytes per second
* Number of I/O subsystems: 1 to 16
* List price: $225,000 to $2 million

=== Software versions ===

* System WorkStation (SWS)
** Solaris 2.4 / SunOS 5.4 / November 1994
** Solaris 2.5 / SunOS 5.5 / November 1995
** Solaris 2.5.1 / SunOS 5.5.1 / May 1996
** Solaris 2.6 / SunOS 5.6 / July 1997
** Solaris 7 / SunOS 5.7 / November 1998

* Cray console software

* IO Subsystem (IOS)
** IOS-V Kernel 3.0.0.5 97/10/16 15:44:46 (VxWorks)

* Mainframe
** UNICOS 8.0.3.2J / March 1995 (initial J90 version)
** UNICOS 8.04A / June 1995
** UNICOS 8.04B / July 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.1 / September 1995
** UNICOS 8.0.4.2 / November 1995
** UNICOS 9.0.2 / April 1996
** UNICOS 9.2 / January 1997 (J90se and GigaRing support added)
** UNICOS 9.3 / August 1997
** UNICOS 10.0. / November 1997
** UNICOS 10.0.0.2 / May 1998 (last version to support IOS-V?)
** UNICOS 10.0.0.5 / May 1999
** UNICOS 10.0.0.8 (SV1 support added)
** UNICOS 10.0.1.2 

== Trivia ==

The R/J98 was an 8 processor J916 backplane with two quad processor modules in a ruggedized configuration. It was produced in partnership with Rugged Digital Systems, a DmC business unit. The company was founded in 1982 and provided ruggedized computer systems based on DEC's VAX and other architectures for industrial, field, and military uses.&lt;ref name=signal /&gt;

The MARQUISE demonstration project was used to &quot;shrink a 4 processor, 1 GByte memory version of the Cray J90 supercomputer from a cabinet system down to a form factor suitable for a 19 inch rack. Weight is reduced by 75% and volume is reduced by 80%.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot; /&gt;

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
* &lt;ref name=signal&gt;{{cite journal |year=1994 |month=November |title=Rugged Cray power, rugged Cray performance |journal=Signal |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=52 |issn=0037-4938 |publisher=Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Ig-AQAAIAAJ&amp;pg=RA2-PA52#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=2025-05-24 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=&quot;embedded&quot;&gt;{{cite conference |url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/AUTHORS/CULHANE/INDEX.HTM |title=MARQUISE - An Embedded High Performance Computer Demonstration |last1=Culhane |first1=Candy |last2=Boudreaux |first2=Paul J. |last3=Sienski |first3=Ken |date=September 1997 |conference=Thirty-Ninth Semi-Annual Cray User Group Meeting |conference-url=https://cug.org/5-publications/proceedings_attendee_lists/1997CD/S97PROC/INDEX.HTM |editor=Bob and Karen Winget |book-title=Seismic Supercomputing |series=Cray User Group Proceedings |volume=39 |publisher=Cray User Group |location=San Jose, CA |access-date=25 May 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;ref name=computerworld&gt;{{cite journal |last=Stedman |first=Craig |date=October 10, 1994 |title=Raw power is lure in Cray's low-end bid |journal=Computerworld |volume=28 |issue=41 |pages=75, 77 |id= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6j1_EuYNVoC&amp;pg=PA75#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |accessdate=24 May 2025 |quote= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

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      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/UsmanGolra|UsmanGolra]] ([[User_talk:UsmanGolra|talk]]) to last version by [[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] using [[Wikiversity:Rollback|rollback]]</comment>
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{{Infobox person
| name               = Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed
| image              = [[File:Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed crowned.jpg|thumb|Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed wearing a crown as the successor of Silsila]]
| caption            = Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed in later years
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1931|09|15}}
| birth_place        = Pakistan
| death_date         = {{death date and age|2017|09|20|1931|09|15}}
| death_place        = United Kingdom
| resting_place      = Chak 337 JB, Sahab Chak, Ada Nawan Lahore, Pakistan
| nationality        = Pakistani, British
| occupation         = Sufi poet, author, industrial engineering consultant
| known_for          = Sufi poetry, Tasawwuf teachings
| notable_works      = ''Raz-e-Dil'', ''Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf''
| education          = Industrial Engineering and Management, [[University of Strathclyde]]
}}
'''Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed''' (1931–2006) was a Pakistani-British Sufi poet, author, and industrial engineering consultant. He was affiliated with the [[wikipedia:Chishti_Order|Chishti]] Sabri order of [[wikipedia:Sufism|Sufism]] and followed the [[wikipedia:Hanafi|Hanafi]] school of Islamic jurisprudence. Alongside his professional career in industrial management, he was recognised as a spiritual teacher (Pir-e-Tariqat) and wrote on the subject of Tasawwuf (Islamic Sufism or Islamic Mysticism). 

Syyed traced his paternal lineage to [[wikipedia:Abdul_Qadir_Gilani|Abdul Qadir Jilani]] in the 27th generation, and to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through [[wikipedia:Hasan_ibn_Ali|Hasan ibn Ali]] in the 39th generation.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=395 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Education and Career ===
Syyed completed both his early education and higher studies in Pakistan, graduating from the University of the Punjab. He subsequently moved to the United Kingdom, where he specialised in industrial engineering and management. He earned a degree in Industrial Engineering and Management from the [[wikipedia:University_of_Strathclyde|University of Strathclyde]]. He became a Fellow of the British Institute of Management (FBIM) and of the Institute of Management Services (FMS).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Professionally, he worked in various roles in industrial engineering and management consultancy. He spent a significant portion of his career in the UK and also worked in Pakistan, including as Vice-President and Consultant for Management Services at Shakarganj Mills Ltd in Jhang.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/raz-e-dill-urdu-eng |title=Raz-e-Dil |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2018 |edition=3rd |pages=63-65 |language=ur, en |trans-title=Secret of Heart}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sufi Teachings and Literary Works ===
In addition to his professional pursuits, he remained engaged with the spiritual teachings of the Chishti Sabri order. He studied Tasawwuf under his father, who was also his spiritual mentor, and was later appointed as his successor. He compiled and edited his father's poetry and teachings into a volume titled ''Divan'', to which he added a biographical introduction and explanatory commentary.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=1-8 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

He authored several works in Urdu and English. One of his notable books, ''Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf''&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;, explores the relationship between the Qur'an, scientific thought, and Sufi teachings. It was published in the later years of his life.

==== Poetry ====
Syyed was a multilingual poet, writing in Urdu, Punjabi, Persian, and English.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/raz-e-dill-urdu-eng |title=Raz-e-Dil |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2018 |edition=3rd |language=ur, en |trans-title=Secret of Heart}}&lt;/ref&gt;. His poetry conveyed central Sufi themes such as Divine love, Tawhid (oneness of God), the purification of the self (nafs), and the soul’s spiritual journey. He regarded poetry as a spiritual discipline and a medium for expressing esoteric teachings. The following Urdu quatrain (rubai) reflects his personal experience of “sobriety within intoxication”&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Chittick |first=William C. |title=Sufism: A Beginner's Guide |publisher=Oneworld Publications |year=2008 |isbn=9781851685479 |page=33}}&lt;/ref&gt;, a classical Sufi ideal of maintaining outward composure amid inner ecstasy: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/raz-e-dill-urdu-eng |title=Raz-e-Dil |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2018 |edition=3rd |pages=74|language=ur, en |trans-title=Secret of Heart}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Original Urdu:
&lt;poem&gt;
حالِ وجداں میں آنا میرا دوش نہیں
ہوش بھی آئے تو لگتا مجھے ہوش نہیں
تہی پہلو جو رہے میرا آغوش نہیں
شاہ زماں ہوش میں ہوں مدہوش نہیں
&lt;/poem&gt;
Translation:
&lt;poem&gt;
Love (of God) overtakes me into a state of spiritual ecstasy
Although I look sober but I am intoxicated (with love)
I am not, at all, unaware and heedless
Shahzaman is perfectly sober while intoxicated
&lt;/poem&gt;

==== Expanding on the Doctrine of Tasawwuf ====
Syyed’s book ''Quran, Science wa Tassawwuf'' is his most comprehensive contribution to Sufi thought. It outlines key spiritual stations (''maqamat'') on the path of self-realisation and divine gnosis (''ʿirfan''), emphasising concepts such as self-negation (''fana'') and submission to the Divine will. The book presents Sufi stages with explanations and practical guidance, including tabular summaries to aid accessibility. Aimed at bridging classical Sufi teachings with modern concerns, the work remains a notable contribution to contemporary Sufi literature.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=233-237 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Concept of Servanthood (ʿAbdiyyah) ====
Syyed emphasised that ''Tasawwuf'' is firmly rooted in the Qur'an and Sunnah. He frequently cited Qur’anic verses and Hadith to support this view, highlighting servanthood (''ʿabdiyyah'') as the core of the spiritual path. Drawing on verse 3:51 of the Qur’an—“So worship Him; this is the straight path”, he interpreted true servanthood as total inner and outer submission to God. He also referenced Hadith emphasising presence of heart in prayer and the Hadith Qudsi: “When I love him, I become his hearing, his sight...”&lt;ref&gt;Al-Bukhari, Muhammad ibn Ismail. ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', Book 76: Riqaq (Softening of the Heart), Hadith 509. Translated by Muhammad Muhsin Khan. Available at: https://sunnah.com/bukhari:6502&lt;/ref&gt; to underscore the spiritual intimacy between God and the devoted seeker.

In ''Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf'', Syyed outlined seven progressive stages of servanthood&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=363-375 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;:

# '''Purification of the Soul (Tazkiyat an-Nafs):''' Transformation through repentance and moral discipline.
# '''Purification of the Heart (Tasfiyat al-Qalb):''' Attainment of sincerity (''ikhlaṣ'') through prayer, remembrance, and awareness of God's presence.
# '''Steadfastness (Istiqamah):''' Consistent obedience and spiritual perseverance.
# '''Divine Love (ʿIshq-e-Ilahi):''' Intense love for God surpassing worldly ties.
# '''Contentment (Rida-e-Ilahi):''' Acceptance of Divine will, with inner peace amid trials.
# '''Gnosis (Maʿrifah):''' Experiential knowledge of God through reflection and awareness.
# '''Constant Presence (Daʾimi Qurb):''' Continuous consciousness of the Divine, echoing the Hadith of Ihsan.&lt;ref&gt;Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. ''Sahih Muslim'', Book 1: The Book of Faith (Kitab al-Iman), Hadith 8. In this narration, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: &quot;Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, know that He sees you.&quot; Available at: https://sunnah.com/muslim:8&lt;/ref&gt;

==== '''The Station of Faqr''' ====
Syyed described ''Faqr'' as the highest station in Tasawwuf, defining the true ''Faqir'' as one &quot;who possesses nothing but the Love of God.&quot; He interpreted the Arabic root letters of ''Faqr:'' '''Fa (ف), Qaf (ق), and Ra (ر)'''—as symbolic of the stages of the Sufi path:

* '''Fa (ف)''' represents the transition from ''Faqa'' (detaching from the temptations of worldly desires) to ''Fana Fillah'' (annihilation in God), emphasising self-purification and the dissolution of the ego.
* '''Qaf (ق)''' signifies the journey from ''Qana’at'' (contentment) to ''Qurb-e-Ilahi'' (Divine nearness), highlighting detachment from materialism and nearness to God.
* '''Ra (ر)''' marks the path from ''Riazat'' (spiritual discipline) to ''Rida-e-Ilahi'' (Divine pleasure), culminating in full submission to the Divine will.

Syyed maintained that no Sufi can attain spiritual completion without reaching ''Rida-e-Ilahi'', in alignment with the Qur’anic verse: ''&quot;Return to your Lord, well-pleased and well-pleasing [to Him]&quot;'' (Qur’an 89:28).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=191-194 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== '''Metaphysical Cosmology''' ====
Syyed explored Sufi metaphysical cosmology in the tradition of [[wikipedia:Ibn_Arabi|Ibn Arabi]], [[wikipedia:Rumi|Rumi]], and his mentor, Syyed Muhammad Hussain. He described creation as unfolding between two stages: ''Ayyan-e-Thabita&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Chittick, William C. ''Ibn 'Arabi: Heir to the Prophets''. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2005, p. 40. [[Special:BookSources/1851683879|ISBN 1851683879]].&lt;/ref&gt;'' (Immutable or Fixed Entities), representing the universe in God's eternal knowledge, and ''Ayyan-e-Mawjuda''&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; (Manifest or Existent Entities), referring to created existence. Drawing on Qur'anic verses and classical Sufi sources, he emphasised the centrality of the human being (''Al-Insan'') as the purpose of creation, citing the Hadith &quot;I was a hidden treasure and I loved to be known, so I created the creation to be known&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;I was a hidden treasure and I loved to be known, so I created the creation to be known.&quot; — Hadith Qudsi, reported by Imam al-Qushayri in *Al-Risalah* (The Epistle), and cited in various Sufi texts.&lt;/ref&gt; as a foundational principle. Syyed interpreted the cosmos as created through Divine command (''Kun Fayakun''), finalising in the creation of Adam, into whom God breathed His spirit (Qur'an 15:29), and who was blessed with vicegerency (Qur'an 2:30). The Hadith &quot;Adam is my secret and I am his&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Chittick |first=William C. |title=The Sufi Path of Knowledge: Ibn al-Arabi's Metaphysics of Imagination |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=1989 |pages=109 |quote=Adam is My secret and I am his.}}&lt;/ref&gt; affirms Adam's special status. He described the human as a microcosm (''Alam-e-Saghir'') mirroring the greater universe (''Alam-e-Kabir''), whose metaphysical dimensions unfold through spiritual realisation.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

==== Visual Illustrations and Literary Contribution ====
Syyed’s use of visual diagrams and cosmological maps outline the structure of the metaphysical universe and the spiritual composition of the human being. These illustrations offer readers a clear and accessible path through traditionally abstract Sufi concepts.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=138 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=151 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Spiritual architecture of Al-Insan.png|thumb|center|400px|Spiritual architecture of ''Al-Insan'' (the human being), illustrating the human as ''Alam-e-Saghir'' (the microcosm that reflects the macrocosm of the universe).]]

[[File:Metaphysical Architecture of the Cosmos.png|thumb|center|400px|Metaphysical architecture of the cosmos as envisioned by Syyed, illustrating the stages of creation from Divine Nothingness to manifest existence.]]

=== '''Spiritual Lineage (Shajra)''' ===
Syyed was the Khalifah (spiritual successor) of his mentor and father Syyed Muhammad Hussain. He inherited a rich spiritual lineage tracing back to the Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) through the Chishtiya Sabiriya branch. This chain includes some of the most revered names in Islamic spirituality, such as Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, Khawaja Moin-ud-Din Chishti Ajmeri, Baba Farid Ganjshakar, and Alauddin Ali Ahmed Sabir Kalyari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Syyed |first=Mohammed Shahzaman |url=https://archive.org/details/quran-science-wa-tasawwuf |title=Quran, Science wa Tasawwuf |publisher=Waqas Printing Press, Amin Pur Bazar, Faisalabad |year=2017 |edition=1st |pages=396 |language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;

# [[wikipedia:Muhammad|Prophet Muhammad]] (Peace Be Upon Him)
# [[wikipedia:Ali|Imam Ali bin Abi Talib]]
# [[wikipedia:Hasan_al-Basri|Khawaja Hasan Basri]]
# [[wikipedia:Abd_al-Wahid_ibn_Zaid|Abdul Wahid bin Zayd]]
# [[wikipedia:Al-Fudayl_ibn_Iyad|Fudhayl bin ‘Iyad]]
# [[wikipedia:Ibrahim_ibn_Adham|Ibrahim bin Adham]]
# [[wikipedia:Sadid_ad-Din_Huzaifa_al-Marashi|Khwaja Sadid ad-Din Huzaifa al-Marashi]]
# [[wikipedia:Abu_Hubayra_al-Basri|Abu Hubayra al-Basri]]
# [[wikipedia:Mumshad_Al-Dinawari|Mumshad Al-Dinawari]]
# [[wikipedia:Abu_Ishaq_Shami|Abu Ishaq Shami Chishti]]
# [[wikipedia:Abu_Aḥmad_Abdal_Chishti|Khawaja Abu Aḥmad Abdal Chishti]]
# [[wikipedia:Abu_Muḥammad_Chishti|Khawaja Abu Muhammad Chishti]]
# [[wikipedia:Abu_Yusuf_ibn_Saman|Khawaja Abu Yusuf Chishti]]
# [[wikipedia:Maudood_Chishti|Khawaja Maudood Chishti]]
# [[wikipedia:Shareef_Zandani|Haji Sharif Zindani]]
# [[wikipedia:Usman_Harooni|Khawaja Usman Harooni]]
# [[wikipedia:Mu'in_al-Din_Chishti|Khawaja Moin-ud-Din Chishti (Ajmeri)]]
# [[wikipedia:Qutbuddin_Bakhtiar_Kaki|Khawaja Qutb-ud-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki]]
# [[wikipedia:Baba_Farid|Khawaja Baba Farid-ud-Din Mas'ud Ganjshakar]]
# [[wikipedia:Alauddin_Sabir_Kaliyari|Khawaja Alauddin Ali Ahmed Sabir Kalyari]]
# Khawaja Shams-ud-Din Turk Panipati&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi510&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=510 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Jalaluddin Kabir Auliya&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi527&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=527 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Abdul Haq Radolvi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi551&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=551 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Arif Radolvi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi585&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=585 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Muhammad bin Arif Radolvi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi591&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=591 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Abdul Quddus Gangohi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi602&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=602 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Maulana Jalal-ud-Din Thanaysari&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi673&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=673 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Khawaja Nizam-ud-Din Balkhi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi698&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=698 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shah Abu Saeed Gangohi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi729&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=729 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Sadiq Gangohi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi769&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=769 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Da’ud Gangohi&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi809&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=809 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Abdul Qadir Sanori&lt;ref name=&quot;Qudusi848&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Akram Qudusi |title=Eqtibas ul Anwar |translator=Wahid Baksh Sayal |publisher=Zia ul Quran Publications |location=Lahore |year=1993 |page=848 |language=ur |url=https://archive.org/details/eqtibas-ul-anwar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# Shaykh Abu Al-Fateh Sanori
# Shaykh Syed Najm-ud-Din Sanori
# Shaykh Shahab-ud-Din Sanori
# Shaykh Syed Fateh Muhammad Sanori
# Shaykh Shah Nawaz Sanori
# Shaykh Muhammad Nazim Shah Sanori
# Shaykh Muhammad Hussain (Taj wali sarkar)
# Shaykh Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed</text>
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|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250602 - 20250531)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
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{{Information
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== Licensing ==
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      <text bytes="9569" sha1="5s5x8dh1ai5dbhzhggpg48qks9rm00q" xml:space="preserve">:''This discusses a 2025-06-08 interview with Columbia University History Professor [[w:Richard R. John|Richard R. John]] about problems with consolidation of ownership of the communications media. A video and 29:00 mm:ss podcast excerpted from the interview will be added when available. The podcast will be released 2025-06-14 to the fortnightly &quot;Media &amp; Democracy&quot; show&lt;ref name=M&amp;D&gt;&lt;!--Media &amp; Democracy--&gt;{{cite Q|Q127839818}}&lt;/ref&gt; syndicated for the [[w:Pacifica Foundation|Pacifica Radio]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Pacifica Radio Network--&gt;{{cite Q|Q2045587}}&lt;/ref&gt; Network of [[w:List of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates|over 200 community radio stations]].&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--list of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates--&gt;{{cite Q|Q6593294}}&lt;/ref&gt;''

:''It is posted here to invite others to contribute other perspectives, subject to the Wikimedia rules of [[w:Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|writing from a neutral point of view]] while [[w:Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing credible sources]]&lt;ref name=NPOV&gt;The rules of writing from a neutral point of view citing credible sources may not be enforced on other parts of Wikiversity. However, they can facilitate dialog between people with dramatically different beliefs&lt;/ref&gt; and treating others with respect.&lt;ref name=AGF&gt;[[Wikiversity:Assume good faith|Wikiversity asks contributors to assume good faith]], similar to Wikipedia. The rule in [[w:Wikinews|Wikinews]] is different: Contributors there are asked to [[Wikinews:Never assume|&quot;Don't assume things; be skeptical about everything.&quot;]] That's wise. However, we should still treat others with respect while being skeptical.&lt;/ref&gt;''

&lt;!--[[File:MeDem2025-06-08John|thumb|2025-06-08 interview with Columbia University History Professor Richard R. John about problems associated with concentration of ownership of the media.]]--&gt; 
&lt;!--[[File:MeDem20250614Johnthumb|29:00 mm:ss excerpts from a 2025-06-01 interview with Columbia University History Professor Richard R. John about problems associated with concentration of ownership of the media.]]--&gt; 
Columbia University History Professor [[w:Richard R. John|Richard R. John]] discusses the business of communications in the US focusing especially problems stemming from media concentration. Professor John is the author of two books and an editor of eight others related to the business of media and democracy. His two books are:
* (1995) ''Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse''.&lt;ref&gt;John (1995).&lt;/ref&gt;
* (2010) ''Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications''.&lt;ref&gt;John (2010).&lt;/ref&gt;

More recently, he edited with Silberstein-Loeb (2015) ''Making News: The Political Economy of Journalism in Britain and America from the Glorious Revolution to the Internet''. And with Phillip-Fein he edited (2016) ''Capital Gains: Business and Politics in Twentieth-Century America''.&lt;ref&gt;His other edited volumes include Tedlow and John (1986), and John (2001, 2006, 2012).&lt;/ref&gt; 

Prof. John discusses his work with Spencer Graves.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Spencer Graves--&gt;{{cite Q|Q56452480}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== The need for media reform to improve democracy == 

This article is part of [[:category:Media reform to improve democracy]]. We describe here briefly the motivation for this series.

[[Great American Paradox|One major contributor to the dominant position of the US in the international political economy]] today may have been the [[w:Postal Service Act|US Postal Service Act of 1792]]. Under that act, newspapers were delivered up to 100 miles for a penny when first class postage was between 6 and 25 cents. [[w:Alexis de Tocqueville|Alexis de Tocqueville]], who visited the relatively young United States of America in 1831, wrote, “There is scarcely a hamlet that does not have its own newspaper.”&lt;ref&gt;Tocqueville (1835, p. 93).&lt;/ref&gt; McChesney and Nichols estimated that these newspaper subsidies were roughly 0.21 percent of national income (Gross Domestic Project, GDP) in 1841.&lt;ref&gt;McChesney and Nichols (2010, pp. 310-311, note 88).&lt;/ref&gt;

At that time, the US probably led the world by far in the number of independent newspaper publishers per capita or per million population. This encouraged literacy and limited political corruption, both of which contributed to making the US a leader in the rate of growth in average annual income (Gross Domestic Product, GDP, per capita). Corruption was also limited by the inability of a small number of publishers to dominate political discourse.

That began to change in the 1850s and 1860s with the introduction of high speed rotary presses, which increased the capital required to start a newspaper.&lt;ref&gt;John and Silberstein-Loeb (2015, p. 80).&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1887 [[w:William Randolph Hearst|William Randolph Hearst]] took over management of his father’s ''[[w:San Francisco Examiner|San Francisco Examiner]]''. His success there gave him an appetite for building a newspaper chain. His 1895 purchase of the ''[[w:New York Morning Journal|New York Morning Journal]]'' gave him a second newspaper. By the mid-1920s, he owned 28 newspapers. Consolidation of ownership of the media became easier with the introduction of broadcasting and even easier with the Internet.&lt;ref&gt;John and Silberstein-Loeb (2015). See also Wikiversity, “[[Information is a public good: Designing experiments to improve government]]” and “[[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy]]“.&lt;/ref&gt; [[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy|This consolidation seems to be increasing political polarization and violence worldwide]], threatening democracy itself.

=== The threat from loss of newspapers ===

A previous ''Media &amp; Democracy'' interview with Arizona State University accounting professor Roger White on &quot;[[Local newspapers limit malfeasance]]&quot; describes problems that increase as the quality and quantity of news declines and ownership and control of the media become more highly concentrated: Major media too often deflect the public's attention from political corruption enabled by poor media. This too often contributes to other problems like [[w:Scapegoating|scapegoating]] [[w:Immigration|immigrants]] and attacking [[w:Diversity, equity, and inclusion|Diversity, equity, and inclusion]] (DEI) while also facilitating increases in pollution, the cost of borrowing, political polarization and violence, and decreases in workplace safety. More on this is included in other interviews in this ''Media &amp; Democracy'' series available on Wikiversity under [[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy]].

An important quantitative analysis of the problems associated with deficiencies in news is Neff and Pickard (2024). They analyzed data on media funding and democracy in 33 countries. The US has been rated as a &quot;flawed democracy&quot; according to the [[w:Economist Democracy Index|Economist Democracy Index]] and spends substantially less per capita on media compared to the world's leading democracies in Scandinavia and Commonweath countries. They note that commercial media focus primarily on people with money, while publicly-funded media try harder to serve everyone. Public funding is more strongly correlated with democracy than private funding. This recommends increasing public funding for media as a means of strengthening democracy. See also &quot;[[Information is a public good: Designing experiments to improve government]]&quot;.

==Discussion ==

:''[Interested readers are invite to comment here, subject to the Wikimedia rules of [[w:Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|writing from a neutral point of view]] [[w:Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing credible sources]]&lt;ref name=NPOV/&gt; and treating others with respect.&lt;ref name=AGF/&gt;]''

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==

* &lt;!--Richard R. John (1995) Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse--&gt;{{cite Q|Q54641943}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2001) Computers and Communications Networks--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134679967|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2006) Ruling Passions: Political Economy in Nineteenth Century America--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134674693|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John (2010) Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications--&gt;{{cite Q|Q54641191}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2012) The American Postal Network, 1792-1914--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134670536|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John and Kim Phillips-Fein, eds. (2016) Capital Gains: Business and Politics in Twentieth-Century America--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134669392|editors=Richard R. John and Kim Phillips-Fein}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb (eds.; 2015) Making News: The Political Economy of Journalism in Britain and America from the Glorious Revolution to the Internet (Oxford University Press)--&gt;{{cite Q|Q131468166|editors=Richard R. John and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb}}
* &lt;!-- Robert W. McChesney; John Nichols (2010). The Death and Life of American Journalism (Bold Type Books) --&gt;{{cite Q|Q104888067}}.
* &lt;!--Richard S. Tedlow and Richard R. John, eds (1986)  Managing big business : essays from the Business history review--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134680369|editors=Richard S. Tedlow and Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!-- Alexis de Tocqueville (1835, 1840; trad. 2001) Democracy in America (trans. by Richard Heffner, 2001; New America Library) --&gt;{{cite Q|Q112166602|publication-date=unset|author=Alexis de Tocqueville (1835, 1840; trad. 2001)}}

[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:News]]
[[Category:Politics]]
[[Category:Media reform to improve democracy]]
&lt;!--list of categories
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Category_Review
[[Wikiversity:Category Review]]--&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>2717834</id>
      <parentid>2717832</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>DavidMCEddy</username>
        <id>218607</id>
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      <text bytes="9572" sha1="id2wsafbl2p2yhdq1xh9f58f3thfxdw" xml:space="preserve">:''This discusses a 2025-06-08 interview with Columbia University History Professor [[w:Richard R. John|Richard R. John]] about problems with consolidation of ownership of the communications media. A video and 29:00 mm:ss podcast excerpted from the interview will be added when available. The podcast will be released 2025-06-14 to the fortnightly &quot;Media &amp; Democracy&quot; show&lt;ref name=M&amp;D&gt;&lt;!--Media &amp; Democracy--&gt;{{cite Q|Q127839818}}&lt;/ref&gt; syndicated for the [[w:Pacifica Foundation|Pacifica Radio]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Pacifica Radio Network--&gt;{{cite Q|Q2045587}}&lt;/ref&gt; Network of [[w:List of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates|over 200 community radio stations]].&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--list of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates--&gt;{{cite Q|Q6593294}}&lt;/ref&gt;''

:''It is posted here to invite others to contribute other perspectives, subject to the Wikimedia rules of [[w:Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|writing from a neutral point of view]] while [[w:Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing credible sources]]&lt;ref name=NPOV&gt;The rules of writing from a neutral point of view citing credible sources may not be enforced on other parts of Wikiversity. However, they can facilitate dialog between people with dramatically different beliefs&lt;/ref&gt; and treating others with respect.&lt;ref name=AGF&gt;[[Wikiversity:Assume good faith|Wikiversity asks contributors to assume good faith]], similar to Wikipedia. The rule in [[w:Wikinews|Wikinews]] is different: Contributors there are asked to [[Wikinews:Never assume|&quot;Don't assume things; be skeptical about everything.&quot;]] That's wise. However, we should still treat others with respect while being skeptical.&lt;/ref&gt;''

&lt;!--[[File:MeDem2025-06-08John|thumb|2025-06-08 interview with Columbia University History Professor Richard R. John about problems associated with concentration of ownership of the media.]]--&gt; 
&lt;!--[[File:MeDem20250614Johnthumb|29:00 mm:ss excerpts from a 2025-06-01 interview with Columbia University History Professor Richard R. John about problems associated with concentration of ownership of the media.]]--&gt; 
Columbia University History Professor [[w:Richard R. John|Richard R. John]] discusses the business of communications in the US focusing especially problems stemming from media concentration. Professor John is the author of two books and an editor of eight others related to the business of media and democracy. His two books are:
* (1995) ''Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse''.&lt;ref&gt;John (1995).&lt;/ref&gt;
* (2010) ''Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications''.&lt;ref&gt;John (2010).&lt;/ref&gt;

More recently, he edited 

* with Silberstein-Loeb (2015) ''Making News: The Political Economy of Journalism in Britain and America from the Glorious Revolution to the Internet''. 
* with Phillip-Fein he edited (2016) ''Capital Gains: Business and Politics in Twentieth-Century America''.&lt;ref&gt;His other edited volumes include Tedlow and John (1986), and John (2001, 2006, 2012).&lt;/ref&gt; 

Prof. John discusses his work with Spencer Graves.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Spencer Graves--&gt;{{cite Q|Q56452480}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== The need for media reform to improve democracy == 

This article is part of [[:category:Media reform to improve democracy]]. We describe here briefly the motivation for this series.

[[Great American Paradox|One major contributor to the dominant position of the US in the international political economy]] today may have been the [[w:Postal Service Act|US Postal Service Act of 1792]]. Under that act, newspapers were delivered up to 100 miles for a penny when first class postage was between 6 and 25 cents. [[w:Alexis de Tocqueville|Alexis de Tocqueville]], who visited the relatively young United States of America in 1831, wrote, “There is scarcely a hamlet that does not have its own newspaper.”&lt;ref&gt;Tocqueville (1835, p. 93).&lt;/ref&gt; McChesney and Nichols estimated that these newspaper subsidies were roughly 0.21 percent of national income (Gross Domestic Project, GDP) in 1841.&lt;ref&gt;McChesney and Nichols (2010, pp. 310-311, note 88).&lt;/ref&gt;

At that time, the US probably led the world by far in the number of independent newspaper publishers per capita or per million population. This encouraged literacy and limited political corruption, both of which contributed to making the US a leader in the rate of growth in average annual income (Gross Domestic Product, GDP, per capita). Corruption was also limited by the inability of a small number of publishers to dominate political discourse.

That began to change in the 1850s and 1860s with the introduction of high speed rotary presses, which increased the capital required to start a newspaper.&lt;ref&gt;John and Silberstein-Loeb (2015, p. 80).&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1887 [[w:William Randolph Hearst|William Randolph Hearst]] took over management of his father’s ''[[w:San Francisco Examiner|San Francisco Examiner]]''. His success there gave him an appetite for building a newspaper chain. His 1895 purchase of the ''[[w:New York Morning Journal|New York Morning Journal]]'' gave him a second newspaper. By the mid-1920s, he owned 28 newspapers. Consolidation of ownership of the media became easier with the introduction of broadcasting and even easier with the Internet.&lt;ref&gt;John and Silberstein-Loeb (2015). See also Wikiversity, “[[Information is a public good: Designing experiments to improve government]]” and “[[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy]]“.&lt;/ref&gt; [[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy|This consolidation seems to be increasing political polarization and violence worldwide]], threatening democracy itself.

=== The threat from loss of newspapers ===

A previous ''Media &amp; Democracy'' interview with Arizona State University accounting professor Roger White on &quot;[[Local newspapers limit malfeasance]]&quot; describes problems that increase as the quality and quantity of news declines and ownership and control of the media become more highly concentrated: Major media too often deflect the public's attention from political corruption enabled by poor media. This too often contributes to other problems like [[w:Scapegoating|scapegoating]] [[w:Immigration|immigrants]] and attacking [[w:Diversity, equity, and inclusion|Diversity, equity, and inclusion]] (DEI) while also facilitating increases in pollution, the cost of borrowing, political polarization and violence, and decreases in workplace safety. More on this is included in other interviews in this ''Media &amp; Democracy'' series available on Wikiversity under [[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy]].

An important quantitative analysis of the problems associated with deficiencies in news is Neff and Pickard (2024). They analyzed data on media funding and democracy in 33 countries. The US has been rated as a &quot;flawed democracy&quot; according to the [[w:Economist Democracy Index|Economist Democracy Index]] and spends substantially less per capita on media compared to the world's leading democracies in Scandinavia and Commonweath countries. They note that commercial media focus primarily on people with money, while publicly-funded media try harder to serve everyone. Public funding is more strongly correlated with democracy than private funding. This recommends increasing public funding for media as a means of strengthening democracy. See also &quot;[[Information is a public good: Designing experiments to improve government]]&quot;.

==Discussion ==

:''[Interested readers are invite to comment here, subject to the Wikimedia rules of [[w:Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|writing from a neutral point of view]] [[w:Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing credible sources]]&lt;ref name=NPOV/&gt; and treating others with respect.&lt;ref name=AGF/&gt;]''

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==

* &lt;!--Richard R. John (1995) Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse--&gt;{{cite Q|Q54641943}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2001) Computers and Communications Networks--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134679967|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2006) Ruling Passions: Political Economy in Nineteenth Century America--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134674693|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John (2010) Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications--&gt;{{cite Q|Q54641191}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2012) The American Postal Network, 1792-1914--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134670536|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John and Kim Phillips-Fein, eds. (2016) Capital Gains: Business and Politics in Twentieth-Century America--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134669392|editors=Richard R. John and Kim Phillips-Fein}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb (eds.; 2015) Making News: The Political Economy of Journalism in Britain and America from the Glorious Revolution to the Internet (Oxford University Press)--&gt;{{cite Q|Q131468166|editors=Richard R. John and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb}}
* &lt;!-- Robert W. McChesney; John Nichols (2010). The Death and Life of American Journalism (Bold Type Books) --&gt;{{cite Q|Q104888067}}.
* &lt;!--Richard S. Tedlow and Richard R. John, eds (1986)  Managing big business : essays from the Business history review--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134680369|editors=Richard S. Tedlow and Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!-- Alexis de Tocqueville (1835, 1840; trad. 2001) Democracy in America (trans. by Richard Heffner, 2001; New America Library) --&gt;{{cite Q|Q112166602|publication-date=unset|author=Alexis de Tocqueville (1835, 1840; trad. 2001)}}

[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:News]]
[[Category:Politics]]
[[Category:Media reform to improve democracy]]
&lt;!--list of categories
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Category_Review
[[Wikiversity:Category Review]]--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>id2wsafbl2p2yhdq1xh9f58f3thfxdw</sha1>
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      <contributor>
        <username>DavidMCEddy</username>
        <id>218607</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
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      <text bytes="9562" sha1="1tp3ajigoefshb0x5vpmvcgtbc4ukww" xml:space="preserve">:''This discusses a 2025-06-08 interview with Columbia University History Professor [[w:Richard R. John|Richard R. John]] about problems with consolidation of ownership of the communications media. A video and 29:00 mm:ss podcast excerpted from the interview will be added when available. The podcast will be released 2025-06-14 to the fortnightly &quot;Media &amp; Democracy&quot; show&lt;ref name=M&amp;D&gt;&lt;!--Media &amp; Democracy--&gt;{{cite Q|Q127839818}}&lt;/ref&gt; syndicated for the [[w:Pacifica Foundation|Pacifica Radio]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Pacifica Radio Network--&gt;{{cite Q|Q2045587}}&lt;/ref&gt; Network of [[w:List of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates|over 200 community radio stations]].&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--list of Pacifica Radio stations and affiliates--&gt;{{cite Q|Q6593294}}&lt;/ref&gt;''

:''It is posted here to invite others to contribute other perspectives, subject to the Wikimedia rules of [[w:Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|writing from a neutral point of view]] while [[w:Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing credible sources]]&lt;ref name=NPOV&gt;The rules of writing from a neutral point of view citing credible sources may not be enforced on other parts of Wikiversity. However, they can facilitate dialog between people with dramatically different beliefs&lt;/ref&gt; and treating others with respect.&lt;ref name=AGF&gt;[[Wikiversity:Assume good faith|Wikiversity asks contributors to assume good faith]], similar to Wikipedia. The rule in [[w:Wikinews|Wikinews]] is different: Contributors there are asked to [[Wikinews:Never assume|&quot;Don't assume things; be skeptical about everything.&quot;]] That's wise. However, we should still treat others with respect while being skeptical.&lt;/ref&gt;''

&lt;!--[[File:MeDem2025-06-08John|thumb|2025-06-08 interview with Columbia University History Professor Richard R. John about problems associated with concentration of ownership of the media.]]--&gt; 
&lt;!--[[File:MeDem20250614Johnthumb|29:00 mm:ss excerpts from a 2025-06-01 interview with Columbia University History Professor Richard R. John about problems associated with concentration of ownership of the media.]]--&gt; 
Columbia University History Professor [[w:Richard R. John|Richard R. John]] discusses the business of communications in the US focusing especially problems stemming from media concentration. Professor John is the author of two books and an editor of eight others related to the business of media and democracy. His two books are:
* (1995) ''Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse''.&lt;ref&gt;John (1995).&lt;/ref&gt;
* (2010) ''Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications''.&lt;ref&gt;John (2010).&lt;/ref&gt;

More recently, he edited 

* with Silberstein-Loeb (2015) ''Making News: The Political Economy of Journalism in Britain and America from the Glorious Revolution to the Internet''. 
* with Phillip-Fein (2016) ''Capital Gains: Business and Politics in Twentieth-Century America''.&lt;ref&gt;His other edited volumes include Tedlow and John (1986), and John (2001, 2006, 2012).&lt;/ref&gt; 

Prof. John discusses his work with Spencer Graves.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;!--Spencer Graves--&gt;{{cite Q|Q56452480}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== The need for media reform to improve democracy == 

This article is part of [[:category:Media reform to improve democracy]]. We describe here briefly the motivation for this series.

[[Great American Paradox|One major contributor to the dominant position of the US in the international political economy]] today may have been the [[w:Postal Service Act|US Postal Service Act of 1792]]. Under that act, newspapers were delivered up to 100 miles for a penny when first class postage was between 6 and 25 cents. [[w:Alexis de Tocqueville|Alexis de Tocqueville]], who visited the relatively young United States of America in 1831, wrote, “There is scarcely a hamlet that does not have its own newspaper.”&lt;ref&gt;Tocqueville (1835, p. 93).&lt;/ref&gt; McChesney and Nichols estimated that these newspaper subsidies were roughly 0.21 percent of national income (Gross Domestic Project, GDP) in 1841.&lt;ref&gt;McChesney and Nichols (2010, pp. 310-311, note 88).&lt;/ref&gt;

At that time, the US probably led the world by far in the number of independent newspaper publishers per capita or per million population. This encouraged literacy and limited political corruption, both of which contributed to making the US a leader in the rate of growth in average annual income (Gross Domestic Product, GDP, per capita). Corruption was also limited by the inability of a small number of publishers to dominate political discourse.

That began to change in the 1850s and 1860s with the introduction of high speed rotary presses, which increased the capital required to start a newspaper.&lt;ref&gt;John and Silberstein-Loeb (2015, p. 80).&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1887 [[w:William Randolph Hearst|William Randolph Hearst]] took over management of his father’s ''[[w:San Francisco Examiner|San Francisco Examiner]]''. His success there gave him an appetite for building a newspaper chain. His 1895 purchase of the ''[[w:New York Morning Journal|New York Morning Journal]]'' gave him a second newspaper. By the mid-1920s, he owned 28 newspapers. Consolidation of ownership of the media became easier with the introduction of broadcasting and even easier with the Internet.&lt;ref&gt;John and Silberstein-Loeb (2015). See also Wikiversity, “[[Information is a public good: Designing experiments to improve government]]” and “[[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy]]“.&lt;/ref&gt; [[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy|This consolidation seems to be increasing political polarization and violence worldwide]], threatening democracy itself.

=== The threat from loss of newspapers ===

A previous ''Media &amp; Democracy'' interview with Arizona State University accounting professor Roger White on &quot;[[Local newspapers limit malfeasance]]&quot; describes problems that increase as the quality and quantity of news declines and ownership and control of the media become more highly concentrated: Major media too often deflect the public's attention from political corruption enabled by poor media. This too often contributes to other problems like [[w:Scapegoating|scapegoating]] [[w:Immigration|immigrants]] and attacking [[w:Diversity, equity, and inclusion|Diversity, equity, and inclusion]] (DEI) while also facilitating increases in pollution, the cost of borrowing, political polarization and violence, and decreases in workplace safety. More on this is included in other interviews in this ''Media &amp; Democracy'' series available on Wikiversity under [[:Category:Media reform to improve democracy]].

An important quantitative analysis of the problems associated with deficiencies in news is Neff and Pickard (2024). They analyzed data on media funding and democracy in 33 countries. The US has been rated as a &quot;flawed democracy&quot; according to the [[w:Economist Democracy Index|Economist Democracy Index]] and spends substantially less per capita on media compared to the world's leading democracies in Scandinavia and Commonweath countries. They note that commercial media focus primarily on people with money, while publicly-funded media try harder to serve everyone. Public funding is more strongly correlated with democracy than private funding. This recommends increasing public funding for media as a means of strengthening democracy. See also &quot;[[Information is a public good: Designing experiments to improve government]]&quot;.

==Discussion ==

:''[Interested readers are invite to comment here, subject to the Wikimedia rules of [[w:Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|writing from a neutral point of view]] [[w:Wikipedia:Citing sources|citing credible sources]]&lt;ref name=NPOV/&gt; and treating others with respect.&lt;ref name=AGF/&gt;]''

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==

* &lt;!--Richard R. John (1995) Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse--&gt;{{cite Q|Q54641943}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2001) Computers and Communications Networks--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134679967|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2006) Ruling Passions: Political Economy in Nineteenth Century America--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134674693|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John (2010) Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications--&gt;{{cite Q|Q54641191}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John, ed. (2012) The American Postal Network, 1792-1914--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134670536|editor=Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John and Kim Phillips-Fein, eds. (2016) Capital Gains: Business and Politics in Twentieth-Century America--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134669392|editors=Richard R. John and Kim Phillips-Fein}}
* &lt;!--Richard R. John and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb (eds.; 2015) Making News: The Political Economy of Journalism in Britain and America from the Glorious Revolution to the Internet (Oxford University Press)--&gt;{{cite Q|Q131468166|editors=Richard R. John and Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb}}
* &lt;!-- Robert W. McChesney; John Nichols (2010). The Death and Life of American Journalism (Bold Type Books) --&gt;{{cite Q|Q104888067}}.
* &lt;!--Richard S. Tedlow and Richard R. John, eds (1986)  Managing big business : essays from the Business history review--&gt;{{cite Q|Q134680369|editors=Richard S. Tedlow and Richard R. John}}
* &lt;!-- Alexis de Tocqueville (1835, 1840; trad. 2001) Democracy in America (trans. by Richard Heffner, 2001; New America Library) --&gt;{{cite Q|Q112166602|publication-date=unset|author=Alexis de Tocqueville (1835, 1840; trad. 2001)}}

[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:News]]
[[Category:Politics]]
[[Category:Media reform to improve democracy]]
&lt;!--list of categories
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  <page>
    <title>File:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CLA.20250603.pdf</title>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-03T08:24:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Young1lim</username>
        <id>21186</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>{{Information
|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250603 - 20250602)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
|Date=2025-06-03
|Author=Young W. Lim
|Permission={{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}
}}</comment>
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      <text bytes="282" sha1="fc1er599jdey2suvu398xanyoibcv64" xml:space="preserve">== Summary ==
{{Information
|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250603 - 20250602)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
|Date=2025-06-03
|Author=Young W. Lim
|Permission={{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}
}}

== Licensing ==
{{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}</text>
      <sha1>fc1er599jdey2suvu398xanyoibcv64</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:UsmanGolra</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>321975</id>
    <revision>
      <id>2717854</id>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T13:41:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Atcovi</username>
        <id>276019</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed: Biography and Literary contribution in Islamic Sufism */ new section</comment>
      <origin>2717854</origin>
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      <text bytes="622" sha1="cu66k8pkgiiuhbcn3uc61kk0ih3n5aa" xml:space="preserve">== [[Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed: Biography and Literary contribution in Islamic Sufism]] ==

Hi Usman. I added the &quot;PROD&quot; template to your page (so it's not auto-added&quot;) because the page, in its current form, does not meet Wikiversity's [[Wikiversity:What is Wikiversity?|educative objectives]]. This seems to just be a biography of an individual, which is more suitable for Wikipedia than Wikiversity. Please be sure to read [[WV:Welcome]] to see which content fits best within our community. Thanks! —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 13:41, 3 June 2025 (UTC)</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>2717855</id>
      <parentid>2717854</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T13:41:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Atcovi</username>
        <id>276019</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed: Biography and Literary contribution in Islamic Sufism */ fix</comment>
      <origin>2717855</origin>
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      <text bytes="623" sha1="0p1nhm0on2iopnjm1wzadhsel0lg3p5" xml:space="preserve">== [[Mohammed Shahzaman Syyed: Biography and Literary contribution in Islamic Sufism]] ==

Hi Usman. I added the &quot;PROD&quot; template to your page (so it's not &quot;auto-added&quot;) because the page, in its current form, does not meet Wikiversity's [[Wikiversity:What is Wikiversity?|educative objectives]]. This seems to just be a biography of an individual, which is more suitable for Wikipedia than Wikiversity. Please be sure to read [[WV:Welcome]] to see which content fits best within our community. Thanks! —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 13:41, 3 June 2025 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Chrisisreed</title>
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    <redirect title="User talk:OneOldNewspaperFan" />
    <revision>
      <id>2717857</id>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T13:43:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>26584</id>
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      <comment>Cabayi moved page [[User talk:Chrisisreed]] to [[User talk:OneOldNewspaperFan]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Chrisisreed|Chrisisreed]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/OneOldNewspaperFan|OneOldNewspaperFan]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="42" sha1="93rjl22oyro1ld6z1rouowfkth5xv0g" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User talk:OneOldNewspaperFan]]</text>
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      <contributor>
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      <comment>Cabayi moved page [[User:A F K When Needed]] to [[User:Sardonism]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/A F K When Needed|A F K When Needed]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sardonism|Sardonism]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="28" sha1="1zu3q23592r3eprfcn7u2dis6k8kydj" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User:Sardonism]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:A F K When Needed</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>321978</id>
    <redirect title="User talk:Sardonism" />
    <revision>
      <id>2717861</id>
      <timestamp>2025-06-03T13:44:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>26584</id>
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      <comment>Cabayi moved page [[User talk:A F K When Needed]] to [[User talk:Sardonism]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/A F K When Needed|A F K When Needed]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sardonism|Sardonism]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="33" sha1="siju0hatswe3r5hbjetuf1rwkx192d5" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User talk:Sardonism]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>File:VLSI.Arith.1.A.CLA.20250605.pdf</title>
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        <id>21186</id>
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      <comment>{{Information
|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250605 - 20250603)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
|Date=2025-06-05
|Author=Young W. Lim
|Permission={{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}
}}</comment>
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      <text bytes="282" sha1="poib9rkv9cclgyw5ogkw3ztan13uxsa" xml:space="preserve">== Summary ==
{{Information
|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250605 - 20250603)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
|Date=2025-06-05
|Author=Young W. Lim
|Permission={{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}
}}

== Licensing ==
{{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}</text>
      <sha1>poib9rkv9cclgyw5ogkw3ztan13uxsa</sha1>
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    <title>User:KlinKly</title>
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        <id>3003118</id>
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      <comment>add</comment>
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      <text bytes="4" sha1="jrwjerxiekdtj9k82lg930wpkr6tq6r" xml:space="preserve">test</text>
      <sha1>jrwjerxiekdtj9k82lg930wpkr6tq6r</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>2717903</id>
      <parentid>2717902</parentid>
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      <contributor>
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      <comment>Harmonic Triad Theory</comment>
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      <text bytes="2912" sha1="mv0wkhy1zrtai083upfwkozuoxtblx8" xml:space="preserve">Harmonic Unit Triad Theory

Overview

The Harmonic Unit Triad Theory proposes a fundamental interdependence between space, time, and speed, suggesting that each exists only because of the other two. The theory is built on the following equivalences:

Space = Speed

Time = Space

Speed = Time

These relations form a harmonic loop, meaning that removing any one quantity causes the system to collapse—nothing can exist in isolation. The system’s end state, when simplified through dimensional analysis and the golden ratio (ϕ ≈ 1.618), collapses into a pure harmonic constant, symbolizing a state of balance or origin.

- Core Philosophy

The theory aligns with Einstein’s spacetime continuum, yet approaches from a unit-based logic system. Rather than using energy or mass as a base, this theory uses unit relationships to demonstrate how time, space, and speed are mathematically and philosophically inseparable.

It echoes the notion that the universe may have begun in a perfectly harmonized state—a singularity—where all distinctions between time, space, and motion dissolve. The golden ratio (ϕ), known for its prevalence in natural patterns, art, and biology, is seen as the constant of harmony anchoring these transformations.

Dimensional Flow

Initial Definitions

Let:

A = arbitrary base value

u = selected base unit: m (meters), s (seconds), or m/s (meters per second)

Starting with space (m), you use the following form:

Numerator:

(X • m) / m • (T • s) / m • (V²) / m

Denominator:

A • m

Multiply the entire expression by a golden ratio (ϕ)-based ratio:

Multiply with:

ϕ / [m / (X • m) • √m / (T • s) • m / V]


Simplification Sequence

The expression goes through a series of algebraic simplifications using unit cancellations:

1. Units cancel to yield:

(X • T • V) / A


2. Multiply with:

ϕ / [X • √m / (T • s) • V]


3. Simplify to:

(X • T • V) / A


4. Now multiply with:

X • T / √m • V / ϕ


5. Then expand A and merge:

A • X • T • V


6. Multiply with:

(A • X • T) / (A • √m • V)


7. Units cancel:

m/s


8. Multiply remaining term:

m/s * √(A • m)


9. Final result (after simplification of root and cancellation):

A • m / s


Which is a speed.


Unit Rotation Insight

Start with meters (m) → you get speed (m/s)

Start with seconds (s) → you get space (m)

Start with speed (m/s) → all cancels into ϕ, the golden ratio


This last transformation (from motion back to pure harmony) reveals the origin state: a universe with no directional time, no motion, no separation—just balance.


Conclusion

The Harmonic Unit Triad Theory implies that time, space, and speed are not merely measurable dimensions but are expressions of the same underlying harmonic essence. At the center of all transformations is the golden ratio (ϕ), the symbolic constant of cosmic balance and symmetry.</text>
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      <comment>{{Information
|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250606 - 20250605)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
|Date=2025-06-06
|Author=Young W. Lim
|Permission={{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}
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      <text bytes="282" sha1="lpmpcnjnmkkydmyp4v5cpifh7fo1a5p" xml:space="preserve">== Summary ==
{{Information
|Description=VLSI.Arith: Carry Lookahead Adders 1A (20250606 - 20250605)
|Source={{own|Young1lim}}
|Date=2025-06-06
|Author=Young W. Lim
|Permission={{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}
}}

== Licensing ==
{{self|GFDL|cc-by-sa-4.0,3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0}}</text>
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