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'''Kwame Nkrumah'''
Francis Kwame Nkrumah (Nzema: [kʷame nkruma], Apɔsɛ la 21 Sakutega ŋmarega 1909 ta paɛ– 27 Kilinkiiŋa ŋmarega 1972) A yuum de la Gaana wa nalɛgra, se'em n zamese mina nalɛgebo yɛla la nɛriseka n ze'ele bo teesune yɛla. Eŋa n yuum de "Prime Minister" bo Gaana wa ti ba yuum yi'ira "Gold Coast" wa la ze'ele 1952 tare ta paɛ 1957, sanseka ti ba yuum to'e "independence" Britain<ref>https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9780230361270_4</ref> duma nu'usum la gee nyaa bona fãi la. Sankanasa la, Ina yuum de "Prime Minister yia daana" la Gaana wa kukayuumdaana "President of Ghana", ze'ele 1957 ta paɛ 1966. A yuum de la budibekansanka inya n ani yãi bo Pan-Africanism, Nkrumah yuum lagum pa'asɛ la nɛrisɛba n yuum de yia duma ti ba tari Afrika nuyine tigere la ti ba yi'ira "Organization of African Unity (OAU)" Ina me e yuum de se'em n di winner of the Lenin Peace Prize mi'a ze'ele "Soviet Union" 1962<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography</ref> yuuni la puan.
== Birth and Education ==
Ba yuum dɔgɛ Kwame Nkrumah Talata-daare, 21 Sakutega ŋmarega 1909<ref>https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsehistory/2018/10/10/kwame-nkrumah-lse/</ref><ref>https://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/nonviolence-of-Mahatma-Gandhi-in-Ghana.html</ref> in Nkroful puan, Gold Coast (gee nyaa dɛna Gaana nananewa)<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1964/01/03/archives/man-in-the-news-an-african-enigma-kwame-nkrumah.html</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=OcTC2eDx5ZsC&pg=PA1</ref>. Nkroful yuum de la tinpika n boi Nzema bobere diyima<ref>https://archive.org/details/ghanacountrystud00berr/page/27</ref>, lebese southwest, Gold Coast bobere diyima sa, dū "frontier" la French colony n ka zãi la Ivory Coast. A sɔ yuum ka lagum ki'ira la ayire duma His father did not live with the family, gee a tuuma zi'a yuum boi la Half Assini puan zi'a to a yuum tuna "goldsmith<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230205164542/https://www.uew.edu.gh/lib-fetured/ghana-autobiography-kwame-nkrumah</ref> business" tagura a kum. Kwame Nkrumah ma la ayizuo nɛreba n yuum bisɛ e ti a ta zo'e kutɛ<ref>https://doi.org/10.5040%2F9781472598837.ch-021</ref>, sɛba n yuum lagum bɔna gee ka tara nɛreba ti ba bɔna kinkilega ti ba kina bisera ba. Yuum kɔ'ɔm ka tara nɛra ti a bisira e n di bia la, a vom a vom tinpika la puan, goo la kulisesi n dū la<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah#CITEREFRooney</ref>.
A sukuu yuuma saga nasaatiga sa la During his years as a student in the 'United States', a yu'ure yuum de la Francis Nwia Kofi Nkrumah, Kofi de la Akan yu'ure ti ba tara bo'ora budaasi seba ti ba duge azuma<ref>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u5557</ref> daare la. Gee pooren ti a yuum nyaa ta tee yu'ure ti la tee dena Kwame Nkrumah in 1945 yuuni la UK tiga puan, a yuum nuge la a yuse'eren n de "Kwame"<ref>https://www.primenewsghana.com/politics/kwame-nkrumah-memorial-day-dr-kwame-nkrumah-a-son-of-the-soil.html</ref><ref>https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/biography-of-ghana-s-first-president-dr-kwame-nkrumah.html</ref>. Doose Ebenezer Obiri Addo a zamese-seko ti a yuum zamesa ti abeere dena kukazuodaana la "future president", yu'ure wa n de "Nkrumah", de la a buure la yu'ure ti ba tara bo'ora bia ti ba duge buwei puan, ti la pa'ale ti, ti Kwame n nari ti bona zi'a bii kale sika puan n bala bo'ora budaseka pogeba n zo'e<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201018205429/http://www.tvafrique.com/kwame-nkrumah/</ref>.
A su, Opanyin Kofi Nwiana Ngolomah, yuum ze'ele la Nkroful n pa'ase Nzema East puan gee nananewa ti ba nyaa yi'ira ti Ellembele, la pa'ase la Asona clan n de Akan Tribe. tuusum pa'ale ti Ngolomah yuum ki'ire la Tarkwa-Nsuaem gee tuna goldsmith tuuma la.
Ba yuum bo'ore Ngolomah gilema dikire yem ka'ago paara bii bo'ora nereseba ka'ago yesera ba buure malema la kurukurum yela la. A ki la 1927 yuuni la puan.
Kwame ma'a n yuum de ama bia. A ma la yuum tari e kige la elementary sukuu, ti Catholic mission duma bisera 'Half Assini' puan, zi'a ti yuum dena sukuu bia n mi gugu.
Gee a ma, se'em yu'ure n yuum de Elizabeth Nyanibah (1876/77–1979), pooren ti a yuum pa'ale ti doge e la 1912, ti Nkrumah yuum gulese ti ba doge e la 21 Sakutega gmarega 1909. A ma yuum ze'ele la Nsuaem gee yuum dena Agona yizuo nera. A ma yuum tune la zim leebego tuuma gee nyaa wa'ana ele a su la. A dugum la pooren dabesa anii daare, ti a su sige a yu'ure ti Francis Nwia-Kofi doose a buure tuusum yu'ure gee ti pooren ti dugereba yuum sige e ti Francis Kwame Ngolomah.
== '''Return to Gold Coast''' ==
=== 'United Gold Coast Convention' ===
1946 Gold Coast wara gɔŋɔ la daa bɔ Afirika duma la nɛreba zo'e zo'e yɔ'ɔ bɔna legiseletifi tigere la puan. Dena ti ba daa bisɛ nyɛ ti la de la yɔsuŋɔ bɔ ba ti ba ta'an dena n sɔ n mɛŋa gɔmena duma,[82 ] wara paalega biŋere la n daa yo'e ba puti'ira ti ba koloni la daa pɔsɛ tigise di yia politika paati bɔna August 1947, 'the United Gold Coast Convention' (UGCC).[83] UGCC la daa kɔ'ɔm ɛɛra n sɔ n mɛŋa gɔmena saŋa wana fii puan. Ba nɛŋa duma la za'a daa de la gɔminiba, bala la baa nya pakɛ la nɛra ti ba yɔ en ti a bisa paati la zuo yɛla. Ba puti'ira daa ta lu la Nkrumah zuo, Aku Adjei n daa bɔ a puti'ire ti ba loe Nkrumah. Nkrumah daa ka sakɛ amaa pooren ti a daa le ta bisɛ UGCC daa bɔ la nɛresɛba n boti zabɛ faɛ ba tiŋa yese solemiisi nu'usi, nya eŋɛ a puti'ire tii dena la wan ta'an bɔ en politikal yɔ'ɔ zo'e zo'e yere daa le ta sakɛ. British duma la daa soke sɛla zuo ti a dikɛ a mɛŋa lagum 'communist' duma la, Nkrumah daa doose la MV Accra n boi Liverpool tiŋa puan la zo leme la Accra bɔna November 1947[84][85]
A daa tegese fii Sierra Leone, la Liberia, la Ivory Coast tisi puan dee nya daa wa paakɛ Gold Coast naa la a ma kɛ ŋwana fii bɔna Tarkwa. A daa pɔsɛ paati la ofisi tuuma la Saltpond bɔna 29th December, 1947, ti daa de na paati la gɔngulesa [18][86] Nkrumah daa kɔ'ɔm eŋɛ kalam bɔ puti'ira ti ba basɛ ti ba yo'ose paati la bɔna Koloni la luga za'a puan dee me yeti ba vaɛ isege la ba zabɛ bisɛ ba san wan nyaŋɛ nyɛ n sɔ n mɛŋa gɔmena. Putidena daa tari la welesegɔ wa'am paati la tiŋasuka sansɛka ti J.B. Danquah daa de na paati la nɛŋadaana la.Nkrumah daa nya ɛ kaa tiŋa la za'a ti a zusɛ suŋerɛ wa'am ti bɔ UGCC paati la ti ba ta'am yo'ose paati la bɔna koloni la luga za'a puan. [87]
Gold Coast koloni la daa pugum yalekɛ suŋa suŋa gana Britain duma koloni sɛba n boi Afirika tisi puan la za'a, ba nini daa kelum ka tigɛ.
Zaberɛ la pooren la lɔgerɔ da'a tõo daa basɛ ti nɛreba la sunsu'a n nyiɛ. La daa ta paa beene ti Arab duma koosegɔ la daa pugum posɛ bɔna January 1948 puan la daa yeti bama ka n le koose bii ba tum. Kooko kaareba za'a sunsu'a daa nyiɛ mɛ, sɛla n sɔ la ba bunyooro n daa sa'ani ba kooko la dee ti Kooko la daa kelum wana ŋwana suŋa suŋa ti koloni zuoduma la daa wa sagum kooko la basɛ [88]. Sɛba n daa pa'asɛ tiŋɔŋɔ za'a zabɛ se'ere tagelɛ buyi zuo la daa paakɛ nɛreba 63,000 bɔna Gold Coast tiŋa wa puan. Ba zo'e zo'e daa ka tari tuuma nya daa eŋɛ ba puti'ira ti koloni zuoduma la daa ka suŋere bama. Nkrumah la Danquah daa naa la sɛba n daa tum ti ba yuuma paakɛ ti ba zi'ire vo'ose la sosɛ mɛ bɔna Accra, 20th February, 1948 ti ba daa te'ele dikɛ puti'ire ti ba tari gɔŋɔ ta bɔ koloni gɔmena la. Ba daa tari gɔŋɔ la siŋɛ ta ba bɔ 28th February 1948 puan la, sogɛpa batã ti ba daa ŋmɛ la bugundooro ku, dena n daa tari Accra 1948 gberekere la wa'ana, ti la daa nya kɔ'ɔm kaɛ tiŋa la za'a wilema [89]. Fu san bisɛ Nkrumah vom yɛla gɔŋɔ la puan, David Birmingham, <nowiki>''</nowiki>West Africa's erstwhile<nowiki>''</nowiki> <nowiki>''</nowiki>model koloni <nowiki>''</nowiki>, daa nyɛ la gberekere ti tuuma la koosegɔ yɛla daa eŋɛ bura bura. <nowiki>''</nowiki>[90]
== Ghana Independence ==
== Ghana's leader (1957–1966) ==
=== Political developments and presidential election ===
=== Opposition to tribalism ===
=== Increased power of the Convention People's Party ===
== Ligeri la tiŋa maalegɔ yɛla (Economic policy) ==
Bɔna February, 1962, Nkrumah daa dikɛ la a 1961 Chevrolet Impala Loore la siŋɛ Akosombo mɔgerɛ la ti ba daa bɔna bini maala la puan.
Gold coast daa pa'asɛ la tinsesi n tari la puan. Ba daa tari sukuu duma, pala, asibitum duma, la yɛla tin-maalegɔ yɛla zo'e zo'e la ligiri yɛla puan.[194]
Nkrumah daa boti a maalɛ Ghana tiŋa ligiri yɛla la mɛ ŋwana kalam kalam. A daa eŋɛ a puti'irɛ ri Ghana san nyaŋɛ yese solemisi la nu'usum, dɔla la ba san ka tara ba puti'ira dɔga la solemisi la ligiri zuo, la ba nasaatuuma yɛla zuo, la ba lɔgerɔ zuo, a wan nyaŋɛ sirum lebege n sɔ n mɛŋa tiŋa.[195].
Bɔna yuumpia tin-maalegɔ puti'ire la pooren la, Nkrumah daa le tari la tin-maalegɔ sɛka n tagelɛ buyi zuo puti'ire wa'am na 1959. Putidena n daa tari lɔgemaalegɔ faketiri duma 600 ti ba maala lɔgerɔ yima yima n paakɛ 100 [196]
'Statutory Corporation Act' ti ba daa biŋe bɔna 1959 dee daa le demese en bɔna 1961 la daa bɔ yɔ'ɔ ti 'public corporation' duma tuna. Dena daa lagum dikɛ 'state enterprise' duma pa'asɛ mɛ. Wara kana daa basɛ ti gɔmena miniseta duma n bisera tiŋa la 'corporation' kara la. 'State enterprise sectariate office' la daa boi la gɔmena zuodaana la yire ti gɔmena zuodaana la sɔna bisera. [197][198]
Nkrumah daa kaɛ bisɛ Soviet tigere Union la Eastern Europe la China bɔna 1961 la, a daa kelum kɔ'ɔm eŋɛ a puti'ire tiŋa la mɛŋa nari ti ka sɔna ka mɛŋa ligiri yɛla bisera. [199][198]
Nkrumah na'am pɔsega la daa siŋɛ la suŋa suŋa: tiisi sɛlega, zim uka, la nii uka daa kɔ'ɔm zo'ora mɛ. Kooko (Ghana koosego logokatɛ ) daa malum zo'e la sugunuurɛ buyi dee ti bauxide la salema me daa kɔ'ɔm da'ara suŋa suŋa. [200] Mɔgere sɛka ti ba daa gaɛ dɔla Volta kuleka la na'arɛ la (bɔna 1961) la daa bɔ kaareba ko'om dee me kelum bɔ 'hydro-electric power' ti bu daa bugum suŋa suŋa bɔ da'asi la dee me kelum 'new aluminum plant'. Gɔmena me daa kelum bɔ ligiri ti timbisi la dikɛ suŋɛ tin-maalegɔ yɛla. Bilam ti ba daa mɛ sukuu duma la pala. [201][202]
Yuuma ayopoi puti'ire ti ba daa dikɛ biŋɛ 1964 ti ba kelum tum tin-maalegɔ tuuma la asi'a magewoo a yuuma boti ti tu misi maala sɛla woo ti tu bɔta, a yuuma tari teere wa'am Mia lɔgerɔ puan mɛ, geebyuum kelum tari nasaa bugum wa'am rinsi Zoe zo'e [206][196].
== Kwame Nkrumah Tuuma Tuuma ==
* "Negro History: European Government in Africa", ''The Lincolnian'', 12 April 1938, p. 2 (Lincoln University, Pennsylvania) – see Special Collections and Archives, Lincoln University Archived 17 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine<ref>Bontemps, Arna (20 April 2017). "Lincoln and the Negro". ''University of Illinois Press''. '''1'''. doi:10.5406/illinois/9780252037696.003.0005.</ref>
* ''Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah'' (1957). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-60-4</nowiki><ref>Nkrumah, Kwame (2002). ''Ghana: the autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah'' (Africa's 100 best books ed.). London: Panaf. ISBN 0-901787-60-4. OCLC 6567302.</ref>
* ''Africa Must Unite'' (1963). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-13-2</nowiki><ref>Nkrumah, Kwame (1963). Africa must unite. London: Panaf ISBN 0-901787-13-2. OCLC 6567302.</ref>
* ''African Personality'' (1963)<ref>Mead, Margeret (1963). ''Technique & personality''. Museum of Primitive Art. OCLC 603547274.</ref>
<blockquote>De essence of neo-colonialism be say de State wey be subject to ein be, for theory inside, independent wey e get all de outwards trappings for international sovereignty. For reality inside e be ein economic system den thus ein political policy wey outside direct am.
— </blockquote>
* ''Neo-Colonialism, the Last Stage of Imperialism'' (1965)
* ''Axioms of Kwame Nkrumah'' (1967). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-54-X</nowiki>
* ''African Socialism Revisited'' (1967)
* ''Challenge of the Congo'' (1967)
* ''Voice From Conakry'' (1967). <nowiki>ISBN 90-17-87027-3</nowiki>
* ''Dark Days in Ghana'' (1968). <nowiki>ISBN 0-7178-0046-6</nowiki>
* ''Handbook of Revolutionary Warfare'' (1968) – first introduction of Pan-African pellet compass. <nowiki>ISBN 0-7178-0226-4</nowiki>
* ''Consciencism: Philosophy and Ideology for De-Colonisation'' (1970). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-11-6</nowiki>
* ''Class Struggle in Africa'' (1970). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-12-4</nowiki>
* ''The Struggle Continues'' (1973). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-41-8</nowiki>
* ''I Speak of Freedom'' (1973). <nowiki>ISBN 0-901787-14-0</nowiki>
* ''Revolutionary Path'' (1973). <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-901787-22-4</nowiki>
==Amiŋa vom yɛla==
Kwame Nkrumah pɔŋa de la Fathia Ritzk, se'em n de Egyptian Coptic bank tumtuna la pa'ala kūreka, dabesere daare yu'uŋɔ ti ba yuum paɛ Gaana wa la: Ti ba di yuum paalɛ la New Eve, 1957–1958<ref>http://www.nathanielturner.com/fathiankrumahfarewell.htm</ref>. Fathia's Ma yuum ka sakɛ ti kã maalɛ ba pɔgedire la, belam pooren ti a bipɔgela ayi a yuum doose a nasaa sira lebe nasaatiŋa<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200610125740/https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/here-are-all-the-first-ladies-of-ghana-since-independence/0l2k3hw</ref><ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah#cite_note-283</ref>
Wooo pɔka la sira lee taaba se'em la, Fathia la n Nkrumah yuum dɔŋɛ la kɔma batã: ba dɔŋɛ Gamal (1958 yuuni la puan), dɔŋɛ Samia (1960 yuuni la puan) gee me dɔŋɛ Sekou (1964 yuuni la puan). Gamal yuum de la gɔŋɔ la gulegɔ Tumtuna is a "newspaper journalist", gee ti Samia la Sekou me yuum dɛna nalɛgereba "politicians". Nkrumah yuum kelum tara bia, ti ka yu'urɛ dɛna, Francis, a me yuum "paediatrician" ba yuum dɔŋɛ ni la (1935 yuuni la puan).<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181019075818/https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2014/September-22nd/africa-must-re-examine-implement-nkrumahs-ideas-francis-nkrumah.php</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kwame Nkrumah's unknown son surfaces|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Kwame-Nkrumah-s-unknown-son-surfaces-235004|access-date=2025-06-19|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|archive-date=2019-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406213932/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Kwame-Nkrumah-s-unknown-son-surfaces-235004|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Online|first=Peace FM|title=Confirmed! Onsy is Kwame Nkrumah�s Son {{!}} Social {{!}} Peacefmonline.com|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201507/249589.php|access-date=2025-06-19|website=www.peacefmonline.com|archive-date=2023-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202083327/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201507/249589.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Afful|first=Aba|date=2015-07-31|title=“My Father Would Not Have Denied Onsy”- Samia Nkrumah - YEN.COM.GH|url=https://yen.com.gh/15809-father-not-denied-onsy-samia-nkrumah.html|access-date=2025-06-19|website=yen.com.gh|language=en}}</ref><ref>https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/politics/family-issues-sekou-nkrumah-threatens-to-throw-brother-in-jail-id7365131.html</ref>
==Exiled and death==
Nkrumah yuum ki la 27 kinlikiiŋa ŋmarega 1972, Bucharest puan, Romania<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kwame-Nkrumah</ref> tinkãtɛ la puan, ti nɛra kamina, la me yuum kɔ'ɔm dɛna la bã'a n ka tari tibegɔ. Ze'ele a ŋmɛ gee to'e na'am saŋa sa la, a ki'irɛ la Guinean tinkãtɛ la puan n boi Conakry, gã'a tiŋa.
== Viisegɔ Lɔgerɔ ==
[[Buuri buuri :Gɔmena nalɛgera]]
[[Buuri buuri: All]]
[[Buuri buuri: DWUG Article of the Week 2025]]
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Ba yuum dɔgɛ [[Yaa Asantewaa]] la October ŋwarega la puan ka dabesea piseyi la ayopɔi daarɛ bɔna 1840 yuunɛ la puan ta paɛ October ŋwarega la ka dabesa piseyi la ayɔpoi daarɛ n boi 1921 yuunɛ la puan bɔna Ejisu Asanti tiŋa la puan n pa'asɛ [[Gaana|Ghana]] wa puan la. Ba yuun ta nyɔkɛ e ti a dɛna Nana Akwasi Afrane Opese Edwesuhene Edwesu tiŋa puan. 1900 yuunɛ la ti a yuum doose [[Ashanti region|Ashanti]] duma kiŋɛ zaberɛ salema kuka bii sɛla ti ha yi'ira ti Yaa Asantewaa zaberɛ la ti a yuum naɛ la British Empire<ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwame_Anthony_Appiah</ref> yuum zabɛ.
== A Vom Yɛla ==
Ba yuum dɔgɛ Yaa Asantewaa la 1840 yuune la puan Besease. A sɔ yuun de la Kwaku Ampoma, Ata Po Afrane Panin beni zuo a yuun de la Edweso naba tiŋa pika ka yima puan. Saŋa sɛka ti a dɛna bia la a yuun koora la dia bɔna Boankra tiŋa la puan gee yuun ele la budaa kayima bɔna kɔmaasi tiŋa puanlaeŋa la budaa la dɔgɛ pugela. A yuun ki la 1921yuune la puan. A yuun de la nɛre kirika la ma suŋɔ. A yuun tari la yam de la politisi daana la pɔgenaba la zabere zabera niŋa daana. Yaa Asantewaa yuun de la nɛre kirika ti nɛrewoo mina a yele tiŋa la puan. Eŋa n dikɛ a nɛreba la ta zabɛ toe a tiŋa la ba salema kuka la ze'ele.
== Pi'ileŋo (Prelude to Rebellion) ==
Yaa Asantewaa's sɔkiima, Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase yuum tari kpe'eŋo tiŋa la puan 'empire' ti a yuum loe Asantewaa ti a dɛna pɔgenaba 'Queen Mother'. Kpe'eŋo wa yuum de la kpe'eŋo n tari paŋa, a tuune yuum de la a gura Kanbumtiŋa Salemakũka "golden stool", kã'ana Kanbumtiŋa Naba "King of Ashanti", gee me kelum dɛna se'em n loori mina n wa dɛna Naba beere. Sɔkiima wa na'am saŋa la, Yaa Asantewaa yuum nyɛ ti Kanbumtiŋa wan nyɛ daaŋɔ zo'e zo'e n basɛ ti la dɛna wan bɔ'ɔra ba beere "Ashanti Confederacy"<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=S4ALSvMlbzUC</ref> ta pa'asɛ tinsi zãba ze'ele 1883 Tari ta paɛ 1888 yuuma la puan.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=S4ALSvMlbzUC</ref>
Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase yuum tari kpe'eŋo tiŋa la puan 'empire' ti a yuum loe Asantewaa ti a dɛna pɔgenaba 'Queen Mother'. Kpe'eŋo wa yuum de la kpe'eŋo n tari paŋa, a tuune yuum de la a gura Kanbumtiŋa Salemakũka "golden stool", kã'ana Kanbumtiŋa Naba "King of Ashanti", gee me kelum dɛna se'em n loori mina n wa dɛna Naba beere. Sɔkiima wa na'am saŋa la, Yaa Asantewaa yuum nyɛ ti Kanbumtiŋa wan nyɛ daaŋɔ zo'e zo'e n basɛ ti la dɛna wan bɔ'ɔra ba beere "Ashanti Confederacy" ta pa'asɛ tinsi zãba ze'ele 1883 Tari ta paɛ 1888 yuuma la puan.
Yuum sɛka ti a sɔkiima yuum ki 1894 yuuni la puan la, Yaa Asantewaa yuum dikɛ Ina de pɔgenaba la paŋa loe amiŋa nyaaŋa ti a dɛna Ejisuhene. Gee sanseka ti British duma yuum sa'ɛ n ti a kiŋɛ Seychelles 1896 yuuni la puan, Ina la Kanbumtiŋa Naba Prempeh I la nɛreba baseba yuum lagum pa'asɛ Kanbumtiŋa gɔmena yizuo la puan, Yaa Asantewaa yuum de Pɔgenaba Ejisu–Juaben tiŋa. Ba yuum sa'ɛ Prempeh I sanseka la pooren, British duma gɔmena se'em n me yuu<ref>https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=listening_to_the_voices</ref>m boi "Gold Coast" wa, Frederick Hodgson, yuum boti salema kūka la me demanded the "Golden Stool"<ref>https://www.eaumf.org/ejm-blog/jul-17-golden-stool</ref>, Kambumtiŋa dãalum symbol of the Asante nation.Ŋwana wa yuum basɛ me ti nɛrisɛba gyee Kanbumtiŋa la yi mɛtin Kumaasi puan, ti ba bise ba wan iŋɛ se'em ti ba Naba la lebena.<ref>https://www.eaumf.org/ejm-blog/jul-17-golden-stool</ref> Nɔkpe'ene n yuum sige nɛrisɛba n boi tiŋasuka yesera la ba wan zãle yele la se'em. Yaa Asantewaa,<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=NA5a78btyKMC&pg=PA25</ref> se'em n me yuum lagum bona mɛtin wa puan la yuum vai isege maalɛ sɔsega doose yelebɛa si'a n gã tilum wa:<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=EjisAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA2</ref>
== '''Zaberɛ la Ba'asegɔ Yɛla''' ==
Bɔna March 1900 pɔsega puan la, zaberɛ la daa kɔ'ɔm biŋɛ la zi'an bɔ British duma la bɔna Kumasi tiŋa puan, zi'an ti ba daa ki'ira. Hale zi'isi mesi kelum bɔna bini mɛ la zina wa ti ba yi'ira ti Kumasi Fort la sɔgɛpa Museum. Bɔna ŋmaresi zo'e zo'e pooren la, Gold Coast nɛŋadaana la daa tum la nɛreba 1400 ti ba siŋɛ ta sa'ɛ ba. Bɔna zaberɛ la puan la ba daa nyɔkɛ la Yaa Asantewaa la a ka'aneba la a nɛreba pia la banuu tari ba yese tiŋa la puan. Nɛrebana wa de la Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase, Nana Kwaku Duah, Nana Yaw Akoto, Nana Abena Nkyinkyim, Nana Osei Tutu II, Nana Adjei Kwaku, Nana Afia Kobi Serwaa Ampem, Nana Kofi Kumi, Nana Kwabena Nkyinkyim, Nana Okwan Nkyinkyim, Nana Agyeman Badu, Nana Ntiamoah, Nana Ababio, Nana Afia Nkyinkyim, la Nana Osei Bonsu.[12] . Zabedina wa n daa de zabese'ere n de ki'i zaberɛ bɔna Anglo la Asante zaba la puan ze'ele '19th century' puan ha la. Bɔna zabedina wa puan la Asante nɛreba daa ki gaŋɛ 2000 dee ti British nɛreba me daa ki paakɛ 1000. Zabedina n daa ba'ɛ Ku nɛreba zo'e bɔna Anglo la Asante zaba la woo puan dee me daa zaba la bala ta paakɛ ŋmaresi siyoobi. Bɔna January 1 1902 puan la, British duma la pugum yalekɛ ba so'olum la ta kɛ Asante duma so'olum busesi puan mɛ sɔna si bisera ta paakɛ bii yuumtuserɛ dee me nya eŋɛ ti so'olum bumo la lagum de na bama dinɛ. [13]
Fredrick Mitchell daa boti ba to'e Asante duma salema kuka mɛ dɔla la bam daa zabɛ nyaŋɛ ba zuo. Salema kuka la kɔ'ɔm de na girema naresesum daalegɔ lɔgɔ bɔ Asante duma nyɔvore ze'ele 17th 'century' wa paakɛ zina. Kula l la woko de la 18 'inches' ti Ku yaleŋa de na 12 'inches' Ba ka zi'iti ka zuo, amaa ba ne dikɛ ka ze'ele lɛm la Asante naba kuka. La Bristish duma la n daa zabɛ nyaŋɛ Asante duma la za'a ba daa ka sakɛ dikɛ salema kuka la bɔ ba. Ba daa dikɛ la kuka yoo pa'asɛ bɔ ba dee nya daa dikɛ salema kuka la mɛŋa ta sugɛ, mugesɛka n de tiŋa fai bɔŋa daalesum la yuuma yuuma salema kuka la daa tari ta sugɛ mɛ. Bɔna 1920 puan ti Afirika palemaaleba daa wa nyɛ salema kuka la nya sagum ka basɛ. Asante duma baa tari ba siŋɛ tɔgum zi'an ti ba ta gakɛ ba ti ba yu ba paka deon ti ba ta ki. British kpe'enduma daa sa'ɛ sɛba n eŋɛ bala la yese Golden Coast Colony la la puan mɛ dee ti daa nya ta Ku ba. British duma la n daa baŋɛ ti kuka la de la tuulum lɔgɔ la, ba daa ka boti ba dikɛ ba mɛsi ki'isɛ kuka yɛla puan. Salema kuka la ti ba kelum tara bɔbera Asante duma na'am ta paakɛ zina wa.[14]
Nana Yaa Asantewaa daa ki la ba sa'ɛ en basɛ tiŋsɛka puan la bɔna Seychelles bɔna 17th October, 1921 puan. Yuuma atã, a kum la pooren ti ba daa bɔna 17th December, 1924 ti ba daa tari Naba Prempeh I la nɛreba basɛba ti ba daa lagum sa'ɛ ba ti ba yese Asante tiŋa puan la lebena. Naba Prempeh I daa perege mɛ ti ba tari Nana Yaa Asantewaa degerɔ la Asante nɛreba basɛba la ti daa sa'ɛ lagum lebena na ti ba bɔ ba na'am kum laarɛ.[15]. Nana Yaa Asante n daa boti Asante duma nyɛ ba fai bɔŋa ze'ele British duma namesgɔ yɛla la puan la daa nyaŋɛ wa'am la 6th March, 1957, sansɛka ti Asante daa lagum Ghana za'a nyɛ fai bɔŋa. Ghana n daa de Afirika tiŋasɛka n nyɛ fai bɔŋa bɔna Afirika tisi la za'a puan [16]
== Kanbunpɔgesi Nyiŋa Tuuma Yɛla ==
Asante pɔgesi tuuma bɔna tin-maalegɔ Yɛla puan kankaŋi de la
Ghana duma nyɛ en zina wa ti a de la napɔgesɛka n daa dikɛ a gɔmena zuo nalɛka yɔ'ɔ la a mɛŋa za'a sɔŋɛ a so'olum. Enŋa n daa tum tuuse'ere suŋɛ Asante duma budaasi ti ba zabɛ la British duma la de la a pɔgena'am yɔ'ɔ la n daa bɔ sore ti a nyaŋɛ eŋɛ bala.<ref>https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=listening_to_the_voices</ref> Asante duma tigesɛ bamesi dɔla la pɔgesi tuusum na'arɛ. Bala la ba tuusum doli la pɔgesi n lagum ze'ele Yaaba yiŋa na'arɛ.
Asante duma sakɛ ba puti'ira puan ti nɛra ziim ze'ete a ma zi'an dee ti a sia ze'eta a sɔ zi'an. Pɔgenaba la daa de la Naba tã dee me de na naditiba lugerɛ zuodaana. Yaa Asantewaa na'am la a zaberɛ sia la daa diŋɛ Asante duma bɔna ba too saŋa la puan.
Nana Yaa Asantewaa ti ba daa wi ti a wa lebege Asante naba la ze'ele a gɔmena zuo nalɛka tuuma la n de Akan pɔka la. Sɛla le pa'asɛ de la Akan pɔgesi yele n pakɛ se'em bɔna wara bigere la tɔgum gakerɛ yɛla puan se'em la. Akan duma budaa na'am dia ne ta la pɔka puan. Bɔna timbila la puan, keenduma sɛba n ma buuri tuusum zuoduma la (mpanyimfo) n ne lagesɛ de na keenduma ka'aŋɔ tigere ti ba yi'ira ti ǒdekuro.
Ti pɔgesi la de na mpanyinfo ti ba yi'ira ba ti aberewa bii ôbaa panyin. La ne dena la Bama tuunɛ ti ba pɔgesi zuo yɛla. Bɔna ôdekuro woo puan, ôbaa panyin n ne de na ba nɛŋadaana bɔ'ɔra pɔgesi yɛla bɔna timbila la puan dee me nya ne kelum pa'asɛ timbila na'am keeduma tigere la puan.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=vV1yAAAAMAAJ</ref>
Nana Yaa Asantewaa daa bɔkɛ mugesegɔ se'em n boi British Yametuuma yɛla la puan mɛ.Ghana duma nyɛ en zina wa ti a de la napɔgesɛka n daa dikɛ a gɔmena zuo nalɛka yɔ'ɔ la a mɛŋa za'a sɔŋɛ a so'olum. Enŋa n daa tum tuuse'ere suŋɛ Asante duma budaasi ti ba zabɛ la British duma la de la a pɔgena'am yɔ'ɔ la n daa bɔ sore ti a nyaŋɛ eŋɛ bala.<ref>https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=listening_to_the_voices</ref>
Asante duma tigesɛ bamesi dɔla la pɔgesi tuusum na'arɛ. Bala la ba tuusum doli la pɔgesi n lagum ze'ele Yaaba yiŋa na'arɛ. Asante duma sakɛ ba puti'ira puan ti nɛra ziim ze'ete a ma zi'an dee ti a sia ze'eta a sɔ zi'an. Pɔgenaba la daa de la Naba tã dee me de na naditiba lugerɛ zuodaana. Yaa Asantewaa na'am la a zaberɛ sia la daa diŋɛ Asante duma bɔna ba too saŋa la puan. Nana Yaa Asantewaa ti ba daa wi ti a wa lebege Asante naba la ze'ele a gɔmena zuo nalɛka tuuma la n de Akan pɔka la. Sɛla le pa'asɛ de la Akan pɔgesi yele n pakɛ se'em bɔna wara bigere la tɔgum gakerɛ yɛla puan se'em la.
Akan duma budaa na'am dia ne ta la pɔka puan. Bɔna timbila la puan, keenduma sɛba n ma buuri tuusum zuoduma la (mpanyimfo) n ne lagesɛ de na keenduma ka'aŋɔ tigere ti ba yi'ira ti ǒdekuro. Ti pɔgesi la de na mpanyinfo ti ba yi'ira ba ti aberewa bii ôbaa panyin. La ne dena la Bama tuunɛ ti ba pɔgesi zuo yɛla. Bɔna ôdekuro woo puan, ôbaa panyin n ne de na ba nɛŋadaana bɔ'ɔra pɔgesi yɛla bɔna timbila la puan dee me nya ne kelum pa'asɛ timbila na'am keeduma tigere la puan.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=vV1yAAAAMAAJ</ref>
== Tuusum la Buuri Tɛrega Yɛla ==
: Yaa Asantewaa pɔka n boi Ashanti tuusum la puan halibta paɛ Ghana waabi n boi British colonialism la puan: Ba ba'asɛ e mɛ suŋa suŋa n boi yuuma puan, magesɛ wuu:
: ''Koo koo hin koo''
: ''Yaa Asantewaa ee!''
: ''Obaa basia''
: ''Ogyina apremo ano ee!''
: ''Waye be egyae''
: ''Na Wabo mmode''
: ("Yaa Asantewaa
: Pɔgesɛka n zaberɛ la zaberɛ lɔgerɔ woo gee ka zɔta sɛla sɛla. Tu tum labtunkara fu vom puan.
: You have accomplished great things
: You have done well")<ref>http://www.answers.com/topic/yaa-asantewaa</ref>
Yaa Asantewaa de'eŋo zi'an sɛka n boi in Maida Vale, west London tiŋa puan boi la African–Caribbean.<ref>http://www.carnivalvillage.org.uk/</ref>ba yuum iŋɛ de'eŋo wa la 1986 yuunɛ la puan dikɛ aigɛ e.<ref>http://www.casbah.ac.uk/newsreport6.stm</ref> De'eŋo zi'an la de la sɛla ti ha tarabita tɛra buuri buuri duma malema woo n boi tiŋa wa zuo. Gee la kelum basera ti la sugera la African la Caribbean tinsɛba n boi UK sa la.
Viisegɔ seko ti Ivor Agyeman-Duah, ti ba yi'ira la ti ' Yaa Asantewaa ' la naba sɛka ti ba yi'ira ka ti King Prempeh la Africa napɔgesi waabi bɔna Ghana wa la 2001 yuunɛ la puan.<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200105180156.html</ref>
Dagi bala ma'a gee Margaret Busby, yuum kelum gulesɛ gɔŋɔ ti 'Yaa Asantewaa: Warrior Queen' ti Geraldine Connor la Kofi Ghanaba,<ref>http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Yaa+Asantewaa+on+stage%3A+The+Exploits+of+Yaa+Asantewaa,+the+Warrior...-a082064421</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/feb/07/obituary-kofi-ghanaba</ref> yuum naɛ la Pan-Africa duma iŋɛ bɔna UK la Ghana n boi 2001 yuunɛ la puan<ref>http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=82064481</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2011/oct/31/geraldine-connor</ref>. Bala ti gɔngulesa kayima n boi October 2003 yuunɛ la ouan mɛ tuum gulesɛ a gɔŋɔ ti <ref>http://www.radiolistings.co.uk/programmes/y/ya/yaa_asantewaa.html</ref> la bɔna BBC Radio ti pɔgesi kɛlesala. Sɛba n yuum iŋɛ de'eŋo wa dela: Glenna Forster-Jones la Jack Klaff, la Pam Fraser Solomon, ti Gbemisola Ikumelo, Nana Tsiboe, Kofi-Adu, Jojo Yates, Asebre Quaye la Atongo Zimba yuum dɛna kaaleba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/service_bbc_radio_fourfm/2003-10-13 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-06-20 |archive-date=2023-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404003014/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/service_bbc_radio_fourfm/2003-10-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=caribbean-studies;555375a3.03</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20140610214837/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-23551464.html</ref>
La yuum de la 2018 yuunɛ la puan mi ti British jazz yuunɛ sɛka ti ba yuum yi'ira ti 'troupe Sons of Kemet' la 'Your Queen Is a Reptile n nyaa de la sɛla ti ba tara de'ena nananawa ti la dɛna sɛla n suŋeri pɔgesi zo'e zo'e yeleyele wuu nɛresabelesi. Asantewaa yu'urɛ ti ba yuum dikɛ yuum sɛka ti ba yi'ira ti, "My Queen is Yaa Asantewaa". Yaa Asantewaa yuurɛ boi zi'an woo mɛ hali ta paɛ Germany, ti ha yuum na'asɛ e ti a dɛna Africa pɔgezure.
== Kibesi ==
Fu san ɛɛra fu baŋɛ sɛla woo suŋa suŋa, kiŋɛ ta bisɛ Yaa Asantewaa Kibesi la
== Nɛreba Puti'ira (Bibliography) ==
* Jefferson, A. W. (2016). Gold Coast Colony. In Facts on File (Ed.), World History: A Comprehensive Reference Set. Facts On File. Retrieved November 2, 2023<ref>[https://search.credoreference.com/articles/Qm9va0FydGljbGU6NTc5ODU5?aid=129805. https://search.credoreference.com/articles/Qm9va0FydGljbGU6NTc5ODU5?aid=129805.]</ref>
* Boahen, A. A., & Boahen, A. (2004). Ghana (Republic of): Colonization and Resistance, 1875–1901. In K. Shillington (Ed.), Encyclopedia of African History. Routledge. Retrieved November 2, 2023, from<ref>https://search.credoreference.com/articles/Qm9va0FydGljbGU6MTgxOTYwMw==?aid=129805</ref>
* Harvey, Broxton, "Technological Resistance: West African Military Responses to European Imperialism, 1870–1914." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2020. doi:10.57709/18560950
* Ewusi, P. (2018, October 21). ''The Golden Stool (17th c.–)''. BlackPast.org.<ref>https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/127</ref>
* West, R. (2019, February 8). ''Yaa Asantewaa (mid-1800s–1921)''. BlackPast.org.<ref>https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/golden-stool-17th-c/</ref>
* Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Asante". Encyclopedia Britannica, 13 September 2023<ref>https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fat.2004.0060</ref>. Accessed 11 November 2023.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/topic/Asante</ref>
* Day, Lynda R. "What’s Tourism Got to Do with It?: The Yaa Asantewa Legacy and Development in Asanteman." ''Africa Today'', vol. 51, no. 1, 2004, pp. 99–113. ''JSTOR'',<ref>https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fat.2004.0060</ref>
* Accessed 11 November 2023.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fat.2004.0060</ref>
== Viisegɔ Gɔnɔ ==
[[category:All]]
[[Buuri Buuri:Yu'urɛ]]
[[Buuri Buuri:Gaana]]
[[Buuri buuri: DWUG Article of the Week 2025]]
<references />
== '''Kaalegɔ duma basɛba''' ==
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'''Suzzy Williams''' ( ki la Fɔɔ 8, 2005 yuunɛ la puan,yuuma 23) ti nɛreba yuum mi e la [[Ghana]] TV zuo la sinii itegɔ puan. A boi sinii duma magesɛ wuu Bloody Mary, Calamity, The Comforter la Mother's Heart. A sinii itegɔ tuuma wa yuum nɛɛ pɛɛlum puan dɔla la Afrirkan sinii itegɔ duma ti Gaana sinii itegɔ nɛra n kɛ'ɛri US gee dɛna sinii gɔngulesa Leila Djansi.<ref>https://m.imdb.com/name/nm2551744/</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.newsghana.com.gh/suzzy-williams-still-remembered-after-7-years-on/</ref>
== '''Sukuu kinɛ''' ==
Williams yuum kiŋɛ sukuu la Tema sukuu katɛ la puan, zi'an ti a yuum lagum ta po dɛna dɛ'ɛndɛna bɔna dɛ'ɛndɛneba tigere la puan gee mi yuum yuuna tuuma bɔna dɛ'ɛŋɔ zi'sisi puan<ref name=":0" />
== '''Akum''' ==
A yuum ta ki la loore dɛŋa puan palɛ Zuo bɔna [[Accra]] Labadi, a yuum de la yuuma pisiyi la atã.<ref>https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/movies/my-late-daughters-boyfriend-looked-like-a-grave-looter-ae-suzzy-williamaes-mother/</ref> A yuum ki la loore dɛŋa n yuum iŋɛ La-Nungua palɛ katɛ la zuo Fɔɔ 8, 2005 yuunɛ la puan bɔna 1:30 yu'unsunsua<ref>https://www.modernghana.com/entertainment/23099/suzzy-williams-died-exactly-8-years-ago-on-septemb.html</ref> Eŋa la azaba n yuum lagum bɔna loore la puan<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2020/09/08/photos-and-sad-scenes-as-ghanaians-mark-15th-anniversary-of-suzzy-williams-death/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-06-22 |archive-date=2020-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129015103/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2020/09/08/photos-and-sad-scenes-as-ghanaians-mark-15th-anniversary-of-suzzy-williams-death/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Eŋa n yuum de nɛrekatɛ la iŋa, Gaana dɛɛndɛ'ɛneba yuum ka sakɛ basɛ ti a ga'arɛ yue ti ba dabɛɛm yuum de la ba yaa han ka ta nyaŋɛ zala nɛreba la n wan lagesɛ na la. '''Suzzy Williams tɛrega tigere''' wa yuum pɔsɛ la bilam la wan iŋɛ se'em ti ba suŋɛ sɛba n nyɛti pala zuo dɛsi<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/movies/201309/173939.php |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-06-22 |archive-date=2019-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101193027/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/movies/201309/173939.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>.
== Selected Filmography ==
* ''The Sisterhood''
* ''Tentacles''
* ''Fresh Trouble (2004-2005 TV Series)''
* ''Ugly Side of Beauty''
* ''War for War (2005 yuunɛ la puan)''
* ''Together Forever''
* ''My Mother's Heart (2005 yuunɛ la puan)''
* ''Sun-City (2003-2005 TV series)''
* ''A Touch of Love''
* ''The Comforter''
* ''The Chosen One (2003 yuunɛ la puan)''
* ''Lover Boy In Ghana''
* ''Official Prostitute (2005 yuunɛ la puan)''
* ''Yaa Asantewaa''
* ''Bloody Mary''
== '''Viisegɔ gɔnɔ (References)''' ==
[[Buuri Buuri:nɛra]]
<references />
== '''Nyiŋa linki duma ( External links and sources)''' ==
* "Suzy Williams is Dead", ''GhanaWeb'', 8 September 2005.
* "Suzzy Williams - Dead At 23", ''GhanaWeb''.
* Daily Graphic Online
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Gbewaa College of Education de la pa'aleba sukuu n boi Pusiga-Bawku tiŋa puan. La kɔ'ɔm bɔna la Pusiga District / Bawku Municipal District, n de Upper East Region, Ghana).[1]
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Gbewaa College of Education de la pa'aleba sukuu n boi Pusiga-Bawku tiŋa puan. La kɔ'ɔm bɔna la Pusiga District / Bawku Municipal District, n de Upper East Region, Ghana).[1]
== '''Tuusum yɛla (History)''' ==
== '''Programmes''' ==
== '''Notable alumni''' ==
== '''Viisegɔ gɔnɔ (References)''' ==
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Gbewaa College of Education de la pa'aleba sukuu n boi Pusiga-Bawku tiŋa puan. La kɔ'ɔm bɔna la Pusiga District / Bawku Municipal District, n de Upper East Region, Ghana).[1]
== '''Tuusum yɛla (History)''' ==
== '''Programmes''' ==
== '''Notable alumni''' ==
* Prof. Nabilla, member of Council of State
* Dr. Kwabena Adjei, N.D.C. National Chairman
* Dr. Abdulai, Principal Tamale Polytechnic
* Dr. Golfred Tangu, Minister of State in charge of Roads
* Dr. Dominic Donile, NCCE, Accra
* Prof. Saaka
* Hon. Awudu Yirimenya, Dep. Minister of Local Government
* Mr. B.L. Baba, LOC, Accra
* Sharlotte Azorago, 2004 National Best Teacher.
* Rev. Eddie Eyison, National Treasurer Musicians Union of Ghana. Musiga
== '''Viisegɔ gɔnɔ (References)''' ==
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Hilla Limann
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Ba dɔge Hilla Limann la 12th December, 1934
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Akoleko Atayinɛ
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Ba dɔgɛ Hilla Limann la 12th December, 1934 yuunɛ la puan. '''Hilla Limann''', GCMG (12 December 1934 – 23 January 1998) yuum de la Ghana nɛra gee dɛna gɔmena nalɛgera gee yuum kelum dɛna zuo daana bɔna 1979 yuunɛ la puan ta paɛ 1981 yuunɛ la puan. A yuum kelum tum n boi Lomé la Genevavtinsi puan.
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Akoleko Atayinɛ
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Ba dɔgɛ Hilla Limann la 12th December, 1934 yuunɛ la puan. '''Hilla Limann''', GCMG (12 December 1934 – 23 January 1998) yuum de la Ghana nɛra gee dɛna gɔmena nalɛgera gee yuum kelum dɛna zuo daana bɔna 1979 yuunɛ la puan ta paɛ 1981 yuunɛ la puan. A yuum kelum tum n boi Lomé la Genevavtinsi puan.
== '''A sukuu kinɛ lahebaarɛ''' ==
== '''Foreign service''' ==
== '''A gɔmena Na'am lahebaarɛ (Politics)''' ==
== '''Addendum''' ==
== '''A kum la a laarɛ lahebaarɛ (Death and burial)''' ==
== '''Hilla Limann Foundation''' ==
== '''Na'asegɔ duma (Honours)''' ==
== '''Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References)''' ==
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Robert Patrick Baffour
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Ba dɔge Robert Patrick Baffour la 14th May, 1912.
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Ba dɔge Robert Patrick Baffour la 14th May, 1912.
== Pɔsega vom yɛla (Early life and education) ==
== Tuuma vom yɛla (Career) ==
== Na'asegɔ duuma yɛla (Awards and honours) ==
== A miŋa vom yɛla (Personal life) ==
== A kum (Death) ==
== Viisegɔ gɔnɔ (References) ==
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Kofi Abrefa Busia
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Ba dɔge la 11th July 1913.
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Ba dɔge la 11th July 1913.
== A pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== Nalɛka tuuma yɛla ==
== Nɛreba put'iira Bibliography ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Ba dɔge la 11th July 1913.
== A '''pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla''' ==
== '''Nalɛka tuuma yɛla''' ==
== '''Nɛreba put'iira Bibliography''' ==
* ''The Position of the Chief in the Modern Political System of Ashanti''. London, 1951 (orig. dissertation, Oxford)
* ''The Sociology and Culture of Africa''. Leiden, 1960
* ''The Challenge of Africa''. New York, 1962
* ''Purposeful Education for Africa''. The Hague, 1964
* ''Urban Churches in Britain''. London, 1966
* ''Africa in Search of Democracy''. London, 1967
== '''Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References)''' ==
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William Ofori Atta
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Awinebotima
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Ba dɔge William Ofori Atta la 10th October, 1910.
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Ba dɔge William Ofori Atta la 10th October, 1910.
== Pɔsega vom yɛla ==
== Nalɛka tuuma yɛla ==
== Pooren vom yɛla ==
== William Ofori-Atta Memorial Lectures ==
== Gɔnɔ (Literature) ==
* Sawyerr, Harry, William Ofori Atta, 1979
* ''Ghana, a Nation in Crisis''
* ''The vision of an independent State of Ghana''
== Bisɛ kalam pa'asɛ (See also) ==
* The Big Six
* Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ghana)
* United Gold Coast Convention
== Viisegɔ gɔnɔ (References) ==
== Publications ==
Jenkins, Ray (1994). "William Ofori Atta, Nnambi Azikiwe, J.B. Danquah and the "Grilling" of W.E.F. Ward of Achimota in 1935". ''History in Africa''. '''21''' (January): 171–189. doi:10.2307/3171885. JSTOR 3171885. S2CID 155396169
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Samia Nkrumah
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Ba dɔge ein la 23 June, 1960.
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Ba dɔge ein la 23 June, 1960.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
== Nalɛka yɛla ==
=== '''Member of Parliament''' ===
=== '''Chairperson of CPP''' ===
== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia
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Mahamudu Bawumia dela Gɔmena Nalegra
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Mahamudu Bawumia dela Gɔmena Nalegra
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
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== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.2to 10.
Ka yuum de la Awɔbegɔ paati nɛra ti ba loe e bo zuudaana n de 2014 voteŋo katɛ la.11
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
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== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum de la Awɔbegɔ paati nɛra ti ba loe e bo zuudaana n de 2014 voteŋo katɛ la.11
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
2008 loosego
2008-2011 loosego
2016 loosego
2024 loosego
== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum de la Awɔbegɔ paati nɛra ti ba loe e bo zuudaana n de 2014 voteŋo katɛ la.11
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
2008 loosego
2008-2011 loosego
2016 loosego
2024 loosego
== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum kelum ze'ele mɛ dɛna Awɔbegɔ Paati Kuka zuudaana podɔla nalɛgera n de 2012 voteŋo katɛ la gee yuum kelum ze'ele dɛna mina nini n nyɛ bii n de podɔla bo suseba n de 2012/2013 Kuka zuudaana voteŋo suseba, sɛka n yuum kɛlegum ba n yuum wi ti John Mahama n de mina n di mi'a n boi voteŋo la. 12 to 15. Eŋa n yuum tari la PhD n boi "economics" ze'ele Simon Fraser yunivɛsiti.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
2008 loosego
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2016 loosego
2024 loosego
== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum kelum ze'ele mɛ dɛna Awɔbegɔ Paati Kuka zuudaana podɔla nalɛgera n de 2012 voteŋo katɛ la gee yuum kelum ze'ele dɛna mina nini n nyɛ bii n de podɔla bo suseba n de 2012/2013 Kuka zuudaana voteŋo suseba, sɛka n yuum kɛlegum ba n yuum wi ti John Mahama n de mina n di mi'a n boi voteŋo la. 12 to 15. Eŋa n yuum tari la PhD n boi "economics" ze'ele Simon Fraser yunivɛsiti.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
== Career ==
[edit source]
{| class="wikitable"
|
|This section of a biography of a living person '''needs additional citations for verification'''. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced '''must be removed immediately''' from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.
<small>''Find sources:'' "Mahamudu Bawumia" – news '''·''' newspapers '''·''' books '''·''' scholar '''·''' JSTOR</small> ''(January 2023) (<small>Learn how and when to remove this message</small>)''
|}
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== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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/* Career */
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum kelum ze'ele mɛ dɛna Awɔbegɔ Paati Kuka zuudaana podɔla nalɛgera n de 2012 voteŋo katɛ la gee yuum kelum ze'ele dɛna mina nini n nyɛ bii n de podɔla bo suseba n de 2012/2013 Kuka zuudaana voteŋo suseba, sɛka n yuum kɛlegum ba n yuum wi ti John Mahama n de mina n di mi'a n boi voteŋo la. 12 to 15. Eŋa n yuum tari la PhD n boi "economics" ze'ele Simon Fraser yunivɛsiti.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
{| class="wikitable"
|
|This section of a biography of a living person '''needs additional citations for verification'''. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced '''must be removed immediately''' from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.
<small>''Find sources:'' "Mahamudu Bawumia" – news '''·''' newspapers '''·''' books '''·''' scholar '''·''' JSTOR</small> ''(January 2023) (<small>Learn how and when to remove this message</small>)''
|}
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== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla ==
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum kelum ze'ele mɛ dɛna Awɔbegɔ Paati Kuka zuudaana podɔla nalɛgera n de 2012 voteŋo katɛ la gee yuum kelum ze'ele dɛna mina nini n nyɛ bii n de podɔla bo suseba n de 2012/2013 Kuka zuudaana voteŋo suseba, sɛka n yuum kɛlegum ba n yuum wi ti John Mahama n de mina n di mi'a n boi voteŋo la. 12 to 15. Eŋa n yuum tari la PhD n boi "economics" ze'ele Simon Fraser yunivɛsiti.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
{| class="wikitable"
|
|This section of a biography of a living person '''needs additional citations for verification'''. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced '''must be removed immediately''' from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.
<small>''Find sources:'' "Mahamudu Bawumia" – news '''·''' newspapers '''·''' books '''·''' scholar '''·''' JSTOR</small> ''(January 2023) (<small>Learn how and when to remove this message</small>)''
|}
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== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla (selected works) ==
* Monetary Policy And Financial Sector Reform In Africa: Ghana's Experience by Mahamudu Bawumia (31 August 2010).
* "The Determination of Bank Interest Spreads in Ghana: An Empirical Analysis of Panel Data" with Martin Ofori and Franklin Belnye, September 2005.
* "Developing a Composite Indicator of Economic Activity in Ghana", with Benjamin Amoah, Bank of Ghana Working Paper, February 2004.
* "A Simple Vector Error Correction Forecasting Model for Ghana", with Joseph Atta-Mensah, Bank of Ghana Working Paper, August 2003.
* "Monetary Growth, Inflation and Exchange Rate Policy in Ghana" Research Department, Bank of Ghana, Journal of the West African Monetary Institute, 2003.
* "The Transmission Mechanism for Monetary Policy in Ghana", with Philip Abradu-Otoo, Bank of Ghana Policy Paper, August 2003.
* "The Determinants of Exchange Rates in Ghana", with Zakari Mumuni. Bank of Ghana Working Paper. March 2003.
* "The Feasibility of Monetary Union in West Africa". Mimeo. Economic Commission for Africa, November 2002.
* "Comparative Institutional Features of Different Common Central Banks", West African Monetary Institute. Mimeo. February 2002.
* "Designing an Exchange Rate Mechanism for the West African Monetary Zone", West African Monetary Institute. Mimeo. February 2002.
* "Explaining African Economic Growth Performance: The Case of Ghana", with Ernest Aryeetey and A. Fosu. Paper prepared for the African Economic Research Consortium. April 2001.
* "Assessing the effectiveness of Intervention on the Foreign Exchange Market in Ghana". Research Department, Bank of Ghana, February 2000.
* "A Review of the Literature of the Impact of Financial Sector Liberalisation on the Poor", with Dr E.K.Y. Addison and Maxwell Opoku Afari, Research Department, Bank of Ghana, August 2000.
* "Financial Markets in Africa. Issues and Challenges for Research," with Professor Ernest Aryeetey, ISSER. October 2000 AERC .
* "Currency Substitution and Money Demand in Ghana: A Cointegration Analysis". Research Department, Bank of Ghana, November 2000.
* "Why the Apparent Rush to Market Reform?" Journal of Economics, 1999.
* "The Sequencing of Fiscal Reform during Structural Adjustment. Lessons from Ghana, Uganda, and Zimbabwe", Comparative Economic Studies, Vol. XXXVIII No.2/3 Summer-Fall 1996.
* "A Closer Look at The Distributional Impact of Ghana’s Structural Adjustment Program (1983–1992). Journal of Modern African Studies. Vol.36 No.1, March 1998.
* "Estimating the Aggregate Values of Human Capital in Sub- Saharan Africa", co-authored with Samuel A.Laryea. Review of Human Factor Studies. Vol. III No.1. June 1997.
* "Africa, the Challenge of Development". Book Chapter in Stephen. Gardner's Comparative Economic Systems, Dryden 1999.
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
* Mobile Money Interoperability
* National Identification System (Ghana Card)
* National Health Insurance App
* Digitisation of the National Lotteries Authority
* Digitsed Procurement Platform for the Public Procurement Authority
* Digitized motor insurance database
* Ghana.Gov (Platform to allow MMDAs to offer digitized services to citizens from a single portal)
* E-Pharmacy and Telehealth Services App
* Electrical Buses official launch
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
* 2007 — Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Bankers (FCIB).
* 2000 — Who Is Who Among America's Teachers? – Baylor University.
* 1999 — Young Researcher Award: Baylor University, Texas, USA.
* 1995–1999 — President's Research Fellowship: Ph.D. Simon Fraser University.
* 1991–1995 — 4 Graduate Fellowships: Ph.D. Simon Fraser University, Canada.
* 1986 Sir Alan Peacock Prize. Best Economics Student, Department of Economics, University of Buckingham, United Kingdom.
* June 2019, Dr. Bawumia was adjudged Digital Leader of the Year at the 9th Ghana Information Technology & Telecom Awards (GITTA)
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
ttocdrtqwpmyyqz6az2eu2kpd7jlb8e
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Akurugo Patrick Atanga
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum kelum ze'ele mɛ dɛna Awɔbegɔ Paati Kuka zuudaana podɔla nalɛgera n de 2012 voteŋo katɛ la gee yuum kelum ze'ele dɛna mina nini n nyɛ bii n de podɔla bo suseba n de 2012/2013 Kuka zuudaana voteŋo suseba, sɛka n yuum kɛlegum ba n yuum wi ti John Mahama n de mina n di mi'a n boi voteŋo la. 12 to 15. Eŋa n yuum tari la PhD n boi "economics" ze'ele Simon Fraser yunivɛsiti.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
== A tuuma yɛla ==
{| class="wikitable"
|
|This section of a biography of a living person '''needs additional citations for verification'''. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced '''must be removed immediately''' from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.
<small>''Find sources:'' "Mahamudu Bawumia" – news '''·''' newspapers '''·''' books '''·''' scholar '''·''' JSTOR</small> ''(January 2023) (<small>Learn how and when to remove this message</small>)''
|}
2008 loosego
2008-2011 loosego
2016 loosego
2024 loosego
== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla (selected works) ==
* Monetary Policy And Financial Sector Reform In Africa: Ghana's Experience by Mahamudu Bawumia (31 August 2010).
* "The Determination of Bank Interest Spreads in Ghana: An Empirical Analysis of Panel Data" with Martin Ofori and Franklin Belnye, September 2005.
* "Developing a Composite Indicator of Economic Activity in Ghana", with Benjamin Amoah, Bank of Ghana Working Paper, February 2004.
* "A Simple Vector Error Correction Forecasting Model for Ghana", with Joseph Atta-Mensah, Bank of Ghana Working Paper, August 2003.
* "Monetary Growth, Inflation and Exchange Rate Policy in Ghana" Research Department, Bank of Ghana, Journal of the West African Monetary Institute, 2003.
* "The Transmission Mechanism for Monetary Policy in Ghana", with Philip Abradu-Otoo, Bank of Ghana Policy Paper, August 2003.
* "The Determinants of Exchange Rates in Ghana", with Zakari Mumuni. Bank of Ghana Working Paper. March 2003.
* "The Feasibility of Monetary Union in West Africa". Mimeo. Economic Commission for Africa, November 2002.
* "Comparative Institutional Features of Different Common Central Banks", West African Monetary Institute. Mimeo. February 2002.
* "Designing an Exchange Rate Mechanism for the West African Monetary Zone", West African Monetary Institute. Mimeo. February 2002.
* "Explaining African Economic Growth Performance: The Case of Ghana", with Ernest Aryeetey and A. Fosu. Paper prepared for the African Economic Research Consortium. April 2001.
* "Assessing the effectiveness of Intervention on the Foreign Exchange Market in Ghana". Research Department, Bank of Ghana, February 2000.
* "A Review of the Literature of the Impact of Financial Sector Liberalisation on the Poor", with Dr E.K.Y. Addison and Maxwell Opoku Afari, Research Department, Bank of Ghana, August 2000.
* "Financial Markets in Africa. Issues and Challenges for Research," with Professor Ernest Aryeetey, ISSER. October 2000 AERC .
* "Currency Substitution and Money Demand in Ghana: A Cointegration Analysis". Research Department, Bank of Ghana, November 2000.
* "Why the Apparent Rush to Market Reform?" Journal of Economics, 1999.
* "The Sequencing of Fiscal Reform during Structural Adjustment. Lessons from Ghana, Uganda, and Zimbabwe", Comparative Economic Studies, Vol. XXXVIII No.2/3 Summer-Fall 1996.
* "A Closer Look at The Distributional Impact of Ghana’s Structural Adjustment Program (1983–1992). Journal of Modern African Studies. Vol.36 No.1, March 1998.
* "Estimating the Aggregate Values of Human Capital in Sub- Saharan Africa", co-authored with Samuel A.Laryea. Review of Human Factor Studies. Vol. III No.1. June 1997.
* "Africa, the Challenge of Development". Book Chapter in Stephen. Gardner's Comparative Economic Systems, Dryden 1999.
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
* Mobile Money Interoperability
* National Identification System (Ghana Card)
* National Health Insurance App
* Digitisation of the National Lotteries Authority
* Digitsed Procurement Platform for the Public Procurement Authority
* Digitized motor insurance database
* Ghana.Gov (Platform to allow MMDAs to offer digitized services to citizens from a single portal)
* E-Pharmacy and Telehealth Services App
* Electrical Buses official launch
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
* 2007 — Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Bankers (FCIB).
* 2000 — Who Is Who Among America's Teachers? – Baylor University.
* 1999 — Young Researcher Award: Baylor University, Texas, USA.
* 1995–1999 — President's Research Fellowship: Ph.D. Simon Fraser University.
* 1991–1995 — 4 Graduate Fellowships: Ph.D. Simon Fraser University, Canada.
* 1986 Sir Alan Peacock Prize. Best Economics Student, Department of Economics, University of Buckingham, United Kingdom.
* June 2019, Dr. Bawumia was adjudged Digital Leader of the Year at the 9th Ghana Information Technology & Telecom Awards (GITTA)
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
c8hvmh4zyzi8tez62fk7fxg2ufs6hz0
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Akolpoka
244
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Mahamudu Bawumia de la Gaana gɔmena nalɛgera la tiŋasuka banki tuntuna kɛka, se'em n tum dɛna Gɔmena zuudaana podɔla kɛka buyopɔi puan n de Ko'oro 7, 2017 ta paɛ Ko'oro 7, 2025 bo Gɔmena zuudaana Nana Akufo-Addo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-01-07|title=Ghana’s New President, Vice President Peacefully Sworn In|url=https://www.ghanastar.com/stories/ghanas-new-president-vice-president-peacefully-sworn-in/|access-date=2025-06-30|website=GhanaStar|language=en-US}}</ref>
Ka yuum kelum ze'ele mɛ dɛna Awɔbegɔ Paati Kuka zuudaana podɔla nalɛgera n de 2012 voteŋo katɛ la gee yuum kelum ze'ele dɛna mina nini n nyɛ bii n de podɔla bo suseba n de 2012/2013 Kuka zuudaana voteŋo suseba, sɛka n yuum kɛlegum ba n yuum wi ti John Mahama n de mina n di mi'a n boi voteŋo la. 12 to 15. Eŋa n yuum tari la PhD n boi "economics" ze'ele Simon Fraser yunivɛsiti.
== Pɔsega vom la sukuu yɛla ==
A de l
M mpruŋa. Ba
a
== A tuuma yɛla ==
{| class="wikitable"
|
|This section of a biography of a living person '''needs additional citations for verification'''. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced '''must be removed immediately''' from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.
<small>''Find sources:'' "Mahamudu Bawumia" – news '''·''' newspapers '''·''' books '''·''' scholar '''·''' JSTOR</small> ''(January 2023) (<small>Learn how and when to remove this message</small>)''
|}
2008 loosego
2008-2011 loosego
2016 loosego
2024 loosego
== A miŋa vom yɛla ==
== Nɛreba suŋerɛ tuuma (Philanthropy) ==
== A gulesegɔ tuuma yɛla (selected works) ==
* Monetary Policy And Financial Sector Reform In Africa: Ghana's Experience by Mahamudu Bawumia (31 August 2010).
* "The Determination of Bank Interest Spreads in Ghana: An Empirical Analysis of Panel Data" with Martin Ofori and Franklin Belnye, September 2005.
* "Developing a Composite Indicator of Economic Activity in Ghana", with Benjamin Amoah, Bank of Ghana Working Paper, February 2004.
* "A Simple Vector Error Correction Forecasting Model for Ghana", with Joseph Atta-Mensah, Bank of Ghana Working Paper, August 2003.
* "Monetary Growth, Inflation and Exchange Rate Policy in Ghana" Research Department, Bank of Ghana, Journal of the West African Monetary Institute, 2003.
* "The Transmission Mechanism for Monetary Policy in Ghana", with Philip Abradu-Otoo, Bank of Ghana Policy Paper, August 2003.
* "The Determinants of Exchange Rates in Ghana", with Zakari Mumuni. Bank of Ghana Working Paper. March 2003.
* "The Feasibility of Monetary Union in West Africa". Mimeo. Economic Commission for Africa, November 2002.
* "Comparative Institutional Features of Different Common Central Banks", West African Monetary Institute. Mimeo. February 2002.
* "Designing an Exchange Rate Mechanism for the West African Monetary Zone", West African Monetary Institute. Mimeo. February 2002.
* "Explaining African Economic Growth Performance: The Case of Ghana", with Ernest Aryeetey and A. Fosu. Paper prepared for the African Economic Research Consortium. April 2001.
* "Assessing the effectiveness of Intervention on the Foreign Exchange Market in Ghana". Research Department, Bank of Ghana, February 2000.
* "A Review of the Literature of the Impact of Financial Sector Liberalisation on the Poor", with Dr E.K.Y. Addison and Maxwell Opoku Afari, Research Department, Bank of Ghana, August 2000.
* "Financial Markets in Africa. Issues and Challenges for Research," with Professor Ernest Aryeetey, ISSER. October 2000 AERC .
* "Currency Substitution and Money Demand in Ghana: A Cointegration Analysis". Research Department, Bank of Ghana, November 2000.
* "Why the Apparent Rush to Market Reform?" Journal of Economics, 1999.
* "The Sequencing of Fiscal Reform during Structural Adjustment. Lessons from Ghana, Uganda, and Zimbabwe", Comparative Economic Studies, Vol. XXXVIII No.2/3 Summer-Fall 1996.
* "A Closer Look at The Distributional Impact of Ghana’s Structural Adjustment Program (1983–1992). Journal of Modern African Studies. Vol.36 No.1, March 1998.
* "Estimating the Aggregate Values of Human Capital in Sub- Saharan Africa", co-authored with Samuel A.Laryea. Review of Human Factor Studies. Vol. III No.1. June 1997.
* "Africa, the Challenge of Development". Book Chapter in Stephen. Gardner's Comparative Economic Systems, Dryden 1999.
== Iŋa n pɔsɛ tunsɛba (initiatives) ==
* Mobile Money Interoperability
* National Identification System (Ghana Card)
* National Health Insurance App
* Digitisation of the National Lotteries Authority
* Digitsed Procurement Platform for the Public Procurement Authority
* Digitized motor insurance database
* Ghana.Gov (Platform to allow MMDAs to offer digitized services to citizens from a single portal)
* E-Pharmacy and Telehealth Services App
* Electrical Buses official launch
== Na'asegɔ duma (Scholarships and awards) ==
* 2007 — Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Bankers (FCIB).
* 2000 — Who Is Who Among America's Teachers? – Baylor University.
* 1999 — Young Researcher Award: Baylor University, Texas, USA.
* 1995–1999 — President's Research Fellowship: Ph.D. Simon Fraser University.
* 1991–1995 — 4 Graduate Fellowships: Ph.D. Simon Fraser University, Canada.
* 1986 Sir Alan Peacock Prize. Best Economics Student, Department of Economics, University of Buckingham, United Kingdom.
* June 2019, Dr. Bawumia was adjudged Digital Leader of the Year at the 9th Ghana Information Technology & Telecom Awards (GITTA)
== Viisegɔ lɔgerɔ (References) ==
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