Wikipedia iawiki https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principal MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.21 first-letter Multimedia Special Discussion Usator Discussion Usator Wikipedia Discussion Wikipedia File Discussion File MediaWiki Discussion MediaWiki Patrono Discussion Patrono Adjuta Discussion Adjuta Categoria Discussion Categoria Portal Discussion Portal Appendice Discussion Appendice TimedText TimedText talk Modulo Discussion Modulo Evento Discussion Evento Union Europee 0 2851 696257 696193 2026-04-01T08:04:28Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/articulo/entitate territorial}} [[File:EU Member states and Candidate countries map.svg|right|300px]] Le '''Union Europee'''{{linfoX}} es un association de statos que ha inter se relationes special economic e politic de cooperation e de integration. Actualmente le Union Europee ha 27 statos membros. Le radice del Union presente es le [[Communitate Europee de Carbon e Aciero]] (CECA), create in [[1950]], e le [[Communitate Economic Europee]], create in [[1957]]. Le relationes special economic se funda super le libertate de transito de mercantias, de travaliatores e de capital, assi como in le establimento de un moneta commun (le [[euro]]) pro 15 del statos (que forma le si-nominate [[Zona euro|Eurozona]]). Le special relationes politic se traduce in le establimento de un [[Ordinamento Juridic]], superior al legislationes national, e in le existentia e functionamento de su proprie organismos politic e de institutiones superior a illos del statos membros. Le Union Europee, e antea le Communitates, promove le integration continental per politica commun que include distincte ambitos de actuation, in su origine essentialmente economic e progressivemente expandite a ambitos indubitabilemente politic. Pro complir le scopos commun, le statos del Union se attribue a iste determinate competentias, facente un soveranitate in commun o compartite que se extende per le canales communitari. Le UE ha differente typos de organos le plus importante: [[institution del Union Europee]] Le Union conta anque con altere organos, instantias e organismos de functiones a ttributiones diverse, como le Committee Economic e Social, le Committee del Regiones, le Ombudsman europee, le lte Representante del Union pro Affaires Exterior e Politica de Securitate inter alteres. Le territorio del Union comprende le de tote su statos. == Historia == {{AP|Historia del Union Europee}} [[File:Royal Air Force Bomber Command, 1942-1945. CL3400.jpg|thumb|[[Hamburg]] post le bombardamentos de 1943, in le Secunde Guerra Mundial.]] Post le fin del Secunde Guerra Mundial, Europa se trovava in devastation<ref>{{cita web |url=http://www.eltribuno.info/salta/73844-Cincuenta-anos-despues.note.aspx |titulo=Cincuenta años después |autor= |data= |obra= |editorial= |dataaccesso=16 de septembre 2011 |lingua=es |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2012-02-12 |archivedate=2012-04-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415091447/http://www.eltribuno.info/salta/73844-Cincuenta-anos-despues.note.aspx }}</ref><ref>{{cita web |url=http://sgm.casposidad.com/ |titulo=Costes y consecuencias de la guerra |autor= |data= |obra= |editorial= |dataaccesso=16 de septembre 2011 |lingua=es |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2012-02-12 |archivedate=2011-09-03 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903064910/http://sgm.casposidad.com/ }}</ref>. Le 9 de maio 1950<ref>{{cita web|titulo=Símbolos de la Unión Europea > Día de Europa|url=http://europa.eu/abc/symbols/9-may/index_es.htm|dataacceso=16 de septembre 2011|autor=europa.eu|lingua=es}}</ref>, cinque annos post del rendition del regime nazi, Schuman lanceava un appello a Germania Occidental e al paises europee que lo desirea pro que submitteva sub un unic autoritate commun le administration de lor respective productiones de aciero e carbon<ref>{{cita web|título=La Declaración de 9 de Mayo de 1950|url=http://europa.eu/abc/symbols/9-may/decl_es.htm|fechaacceso=16 de septembre 2011|autor=europa.eu|lingua=es}}</ref>. Iste discurso, cognoscite como Declaration Schuman, era benvenite de maniera differente dentro del governamentos europee e marcava le initio del construction europee, al esser le prime proposition official concrete de integration in Europa<ref name="schumanbio">{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/abc/history/foundingfathers/schuman/index_es.htm | titulo = Robert Schuman (1886-1963) | anno = 2007 | obra = Le portal del Union Europea | dataacceso = 29/06/2007 | lingua=es}}</ref>. Le declaration marcava le initio del integration del statos europee<ref>{{cita web|título=Los fundamentos que sustentan la integración europea|url=http://www.ucm.es/info/sdrelint/ficheros_aula/aula1110.pdf|fechaacceso=31 de enero de 2012|autor=Rafael Calduch}}</ref> como un movimento de contraposition al anterior tendentia nationalista e al rivalitates que occasionava inter le statos de Europa<ref name=FinGuerra>{{cita web|título=La historia de la Unión Europea. La ciudadanía europea - Del fin de la guerra a la Declaración Schuman (1945-1950)|url=http://www.historiasiglo20.org/europa/anteceden2.htm|fechaacceso=31 de enero de 2012|autor=Juan Carlos Ocaña}}</ref>. Iste nove realitate era propitiate pro le fin del traditional hegemonia europee in le mundo post le Secunde Guerra Mundial, que conscientiava al europeos de su proprie debilitate ante le surgimento de duo nove superpotentias: Statos Unite e le URSS, que habeva un poter superior al del heterogenee gruppo de statos europee. In 1951, se firma in Paris le Tractato que institutionalisa le [[Communitate Europee de Carbon e Aciero]] concretante le proposition de Schuman. Germania, Francia, Italia, Paises Basse, Belgica e Luxemburgo (cognoscite como "le sex"), compli un comprehension que favora le intercambio de materias prima necessari in le [[siderurgia]], accelerante de iste maniera le dynamica economic, con le scopo de dotar Europa de un capacitate de production autonome. Iste tractato fundator cercava approximar vincitores e deroutates europee a un Europa que poteva prener su destino in su manos, independente de entitates externe. Le tractato expirava in 2002,<ref name="tratados">{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/abc/treaties/index_es.htm#coal | título = Tratados y legislación | año = 2007 | obra = El portal de la Unión Europea | fechaacceso = 26 de octubre de 2011| }}</ref> malgrado que su function remane obsolete post le fusion del organos executive e [[Poter legislative|legislative]] in le Communitate Europee, que acquireva personalitate juridic, e anque gratias al [[Acta Unic Europee de 1986]]. In maio 1952, jam in plen [[Guerra Frigide]] on firmava in Paris un tractato que establiva le Communitate Europee de Defensa (CED), <ref>{{cita web|título=Tratado de la Comunidad Europea de Defensa - 27 de mayo de 1952|url=http://www.historiasiglo20.org/TEXT/ced.htm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> que permitteva le armamento de Germania Occidental in le marco de un armea europee. Cinque membro del CECA ratificava le tractato, ma in augusto de 1954, le parlamentarios francese lo rejectava, como consequentia del opposition conjuncte del gaullistas e communistas. Il es assi que le antique [[Tractato de Brussel de 1948]] es modificate pro crear le [[Union Europee Occidental]] (UEO) que essera tal usque le entrata in vigor del [[Tractato de Amsterdam]] in 1999, le unic organisation europee incargate del defensa e le securitate. Ben que reinfortiava le antique tractato, le UEO sole era un entitate symbolic sin poter ni cooperation real ante le OTAN.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=La Unión Europea Occidental annuncia su disolución|url=http://www.publico.es/internacional/304005/la-union-europea-occidental-anuncia-su-disolucion|editorial=Público|fecha=31 de marzo de 2010|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> Su rolo principal era ligate al disveloppamento de fortias nuclear, assecurante le defensa del paises europee ante un hypothetic attacco.<ref>{{cita noticia|nombre=Carlos|apellidos=Yárnoz|título=La Unión Europea Occidental decidirá el mes próximo si invita a españa a incorporarse|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/espana/ESPANA/UNION_EUROPEA_OCCIDENTAL/UEO/Union/Europea/Occidental/decidira/mes/proximo/invita/espana/incorporarse/elpepiesp/19880314elpepinac_9/Tes|editorial=El País|fecha=14 de marzo de 1988|fechaacceso=26 de octubre de 2011}}</ref> Un impulso arriva in 1957 con le signatura del Tractatos de Roma.<ref name="tratados" />''Le sex'' decide avantiar in le cooperation in le dominios economic, politic e social. Le scopo plantate era attinger un "mercato commun" que permitteva le libere circulation de personas, mercantias e capitales. Le Communitate Economic Europee (CEE) es le entitate, de typo supranational, dotate de un capacitate autonome de financiation institutionalisate per iste tractato. Iste documento formava un tertie communitate de duration indefinite, le [[Euroatom]].<ref>{{cita web|título=Tratado constitutivo de la Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica (Euratom)|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_euratom_es.htm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> In 1965 se signa un tractato que fusiona le executivos del tres communitates europee (quando illos jam habeva institutiones commun in materia de justitia) per le creation del [[Commission Europee]] (CE) e le [[Consilio del Union Europee]] que es le institutionalisation del summitate de Chefes de Stato e de Governamento de paises membros que comenciava a disveloppar se a finales del decennio del [[annos 60]]).<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/european_council/index_es.htm | título = Consejo Europeo | año = 2007 | obra = Europa | fechaacceso = 29/03/2008 | }}</ref> Le Acta Unic Europee signate in februario 1986 entra in application in julio 1987.<ref name="tractatos" /> Ista habeva como mission redynamisar le construction europee, fixar le consolidation de mercato interne in 1993 e permitter le libere circulation equalmente de capitales e servicios. Per iste tractato, le competentias communitari es ampliate al dominios del investigation e le disveloppamento technologic, ambiente e politic social. Le Acta Unic considera anque le existentia del Consilio Europee, que reuni al chefes de stato e de governamento e impulsa un initiative commun in materia de [[politica externe]]. (le [[Cooperation Politic Europee]]) assi como un cooperation in materia de securitate.<ref>{{cita web|título=El Acta Única Europea|url=http://web.dip-badajoz.es/eurolocal/estxt/emu/antecedentes/aue.htm|fechaacceso=21 de septembre 2011|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-12|archivedate=2011-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124191934/http://web.dip-badajoz.es/eurolocal/estxt/emu/antecedentes/aue.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=El Acta Única Europea|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/treaties_singleact_es.htm|fechaacceso=21 de septembre 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Le [[Tractato de Maastricht]] signate in februario 1992, entrava in vigor in 1993. <ref name="tractatos" /> Sub iste accordo, le Union Europee continua le mercato commun e le CEE, transformate in [[Communitate Europee]], marca un nove phase in le processo de union. Le tractato crea le derecto del cive europee e permitte circular e resider liberemente in le paises del communitate, assi como le derecto de votar e esser seligite in un stato de residentia pro le electiones europee o municipal.<ref>{{cita web|título=Reflexiones preliminares sobre el concepto de «ciudadanía europea»|url=http://e-spacio.uned.es/fez/eserv.php?pid=bibliuned:filopoli-1995-5-0BBC7A18-83DE-09D3-C777-0D58FB39A5A0&dsID=reflexiones_preliminares.pdf|fechaacceso=16 de septembre 2011|autor=ULRICH K. PREUB}}</ref> Decide se le creation de un moneta unic europee, le [[Euro]], que entrarea in circulation in 2002 sub le controlo del [[Banca Central Europee]]. In 1999 entrava in vigor le [[Tractato de Amsterdam]]. Iste tractato, colligeva le principios de libertate, democratia e respecto al derectos human, e includeva explicitemente le principio de disveloppamento sustenibile.<ref>{{cita web|título=Derechos fundamentales y no discriminación|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/amsterdam_treaty/a10000_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septembre 2011|obra=Tratado de Ámsterdam|cita=La ambición de los redactores del Tratado de Amsterdam es confirmar formalmente el respeto de los derechos humanos. [...] Dispone que la Comunidad tenga por misión promover un desarrollo armonioso y equilibrado}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=Tratado de Amsterdam|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/treaty/pdf/amst-es.pdf|fechaacceso=27 de octubre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo|fecha=2 de octubre de 1997|cita=promover el progreso social y económico de sus pueblos, teniendo en cuenta el principio de desarrollo sostenible}}</ref> Duo annos post on signava le [[Tractato de Nice]], que entrarea in vigor in 2003.<ref name="tractatos" /> Interim, le anno 2002, se extingueva le CECA post finir su periodo de validitate (que era 50 annos), e su ambito de actuation remaneva includite in le del Communitate Europee.<ref name="tractatos" /> Le 1 de maio 2004 occurreva le major ampliation del Union Europee, con le entrata de 10 nove membros. Con posterioritate, in le 1 de januario 2007, on incorporava duo nove paises: [[Romania]] e [[Bulgaria]],<ref name="ampliation">{{cita web|título=De 6 a 27 países miembros… por ahora|url=http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/the-policy/from-6-to-27-members/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septembre 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref> Plus tarde, le 29 de octobre 2004 on signava in Roma le [[Tractato pro le que se establi un Constitution pro Europa|Tractato constitutional]].<ref name="tractatos" /> Le ratification del tractato era initiate per le approbation del Parlamento, mais alicun statos convocava referendum in 2005. Le prime era le celebrate in Espania, ubi le documento era approbate con le 76,73% de appoio.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Los españoles dicen 'sí' a la Constitución Europea|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2005/02/20/espana/1108930586.html|editorial=El Mundo|fecha=21 de februario 2005|fechaacceso=26 de octobre 2011}}</ref> Nonobstante, le ratification attingeva un obstaculo importante quando le votantes de [[Francia]] e del [[Paises Basse]] rejectava le documento.<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/Holanda/rechaza/Constitucion/elpepiint/20050602elpepiint_2/Tes/ | título = Holanda también rechaza la Constitución| año = 02/06/2005 |autor= ISABEL FERRER|obra = El País | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref><ref>{{Cita web| url = http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2005/05/29/internacional/1117362962.html | título = Francia rechaza la Constitución y provoca una grave crisis en Europa| año = 30/05/2005 |autor= El Mundo/Agencias|obra = www.elmundo.es | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Iste ratification in grande mensura se deteneva, con sole un pauc statos essayante de approbar lo ancora. Luxemburgo sequeva con su voto e approbava le constitution in un 57%.<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://www.20minutos.es/noticia/37494/0/LUXEMBURGO/REFERENDUM/ | título = Luxemburgo aprueba la Constitución Europea| año = 10/07/2005 |autor= Reuters |obra = www.20minutos.es | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Isto non cambiava le cosas, nonobstante, e le dirigentes anunciava que entrava in un "periodo de reflexion" super le rejection.<ref>{{cita web|título=Reflexión y debate por la Constitución Europea|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIWCK4yV7hY|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|cita=Señor presidente, yo creo que ahora empieza el periodo de reflexión y debate que hasta ahora había sido un periodo de reflexión y silencio}}</ref> In 2007 le lideres europee poneva fin formalmente a iste "periodo de reflexion" con le signatura del [[Declaration de Berlin]] le 25 de marzo 2007 (in le 50º anniversario del signatura del Tractatos de Roma).<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/50/docs/berlin_declaration_es.pdf | título = Declaración con ocasión del quincuagésimo aniversario de la firma de los Tratados de Roma| año = 25/03/2007 |autor= Consejo Europeo |obra = El Portal de la Unión Europea | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Le declaration teniva como scopo donar un nove impulso al recerca de un nove accordo institutional<ref>{{cita web|título=Declaración de Berlín|url=http://europa.eu/50/docs/berlin_declaration_es.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|fecha=25 de marzo de 2007|cita=La Unión Europea es nuestra respuesta a ellos. Sólo unidos podemos preservar en el futuro nuestro ideal europeo de sociedad, en beneficio de todos los ciudadanos y las ciudadanas de la Unión Europea}}</ref> ante de realisar le electiones europee de 2009.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Los 27 firman la Declaración de Berlín y se comprometen a zanjar la crisis de la UE|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2007/03/25/internacional/1174816903.html|editorial=El Mundo|fecha=25 de marzo de 2007|fechaacceso=13 de septembre 2011}}</ref> Jam in le anno 2007, le Consilio Europee accordava que le Constitution habeva fracassate, malgrado que le majoritate del propositiones que includeva le texto posteriormente in le reforma del tractatos del Union, in contraposition al constitution, que vadeva a reimplaciar tote le tractatos anterior. De iste modo, le 13 de decembre 2007, on signava le cognoscite como Tractato de Lisbona.<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2007/12/13/internacional/1197546933.html | título = La UE firma en Lisboa el tratado con el que busca superar su crisis| año = 13/12/2007 |autor= elmundo.es/agencias |obra = www.elmundo.es | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Iste tractato habeva como scopo meliorar le functionamento del Union Europee mediante le modification del Tractato de Maastricht e le Tractato constitutive del Union Europee (Tractato de Roma).<ref>{{cita web |url= http://eur-lex.europa.eu/es/treaties/dat/12007L/htm/12007L.html |título= Diario Oficial n° C 306 de 17 de decembre 2007|fechaacceso=9 de maio 2009 |publicación= eur-lex.europa.eu/ |idioma=español}}</ref> Alicun del reformas plus importante que introduceva le Tractato de Lisbona era le reduction del possibilitates de stagnamento in le toma de decissiones del Consilio del Union Europee mediante le voto per majoritate qualificate, un Parlamento Europee con plus importantia mediante le extension del procedura de decision conjuncte con le Consilio del UE, le elimination del tres pilares del Union Europee (jam obsolete in ille epocha) e le creation del figuras de [[Presidente del Consilio Europee]] e [[Alte Representante del Union pro Affaires Exterior e Politica de Securitate]] pro dotar de un major coherentia e continuitate al politicas del UE.<ref name="MD">{{cita web |url= http://www.magazine-deutschland.de/es/politica/union-europea/articulo/article/der-eu-reformvertrag-die-wichtigsten-neuerungen.html |título= El Tratado de Reforma de la UE – las principales novedades de un vistazo |fechaacceso= 9 de mayo de 2009 |publicación= Magazine Deutschland |idioma= español |title= Archive copy |accessdate= 2012-02-12 |archivedate= 2010-02-07 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100207010853/http://www.magazine-deutschland.de/es/politica/union-europea/articulo/article/der-eu-reformvertrag-die-wichtigsten-neuerungen.html }}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=Principales novedades del Tratado de Lisboa: Podcast UE|url=http://ec.europa.eu/spain/podcast/asuntos_institucionales/tratado-lisboa-novedades_es.htm|fechaacceso=30 de enero de 2012|autor=Comisión Europa. Representación en España|fecha=15 de septiembre de 2010}}</ref> Le Tractato de Lisbona, que entrava in vigor le 1 de decembre 2009 anque faceva que le Carta del Derectos Fundamental del Union Europee era juridicamente vinculante pro e statos membro.<ref name="MD" /> Assi, post plus de medie seculo ab le [[Declaration Schuman]], le UE affronta defias como le application del Tractato de Lisbona, le controverse processo de adhesion de Turchoa,<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/spanish/international/newsid_4306000/4306966.stm | título = UE inicia diálogo con Turquía | año = 2005 | obra = [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]] |fecha = 4/10/2005 | fechaacceso = 29/06/2007 | }}</ref> le ampliation in le [[Balkanes]]<ref>{{cita web|url = http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/enlargement_process/accession_process/how_does_a_country_join_the_eu/sap/index_es.htm|título = El Proceso de estabilización y asociación |publicación=El portal de la Comisión Europea|fecha=15/06/2010|fechaacceso=25/6/2010}}</ref> o le adhesion de Islanda<ref>{{cita web|url = http://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=198305&Itemid=1|título = UE acepta abrir negociaciones para adhesión de Islandia |publicación=www.prensa-latina.cu|fecha=17/06/2010|autor=PL|fechaacceso=25/6/2010}}</ref> post vider se gravemente affectate per le crisis economic de 2008-2009.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Confirmado: la Unión Europea, en recesión|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/spanish/business/newsid_7887000/7887894.stm|editorial=BBC|fecha=13 de febrero de 2009|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> == Symbolos == {{AP|Symbolos del Union Europee}} Con le entrata in vigor del [[Tractato de Lisbona]], le symbolos del UE como [[Bandiera del Union Europee|le bandiera]], le motto, le [[Hymno del Union Europee|hymno]] o le [[Die de Europa]] no es juridicamente obligatori, ben que tote illos es usate. Malgrado isto, 16 paises membro declarava su lealtate al symbolos del Union Europee in un declaration appendice al tractato<ref>{{cita publicación | título = Germany seeks to enshrine EU flag | url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/12/11/wflag111.xml | editorial = The Daily Telegraph | fecha = 11 de diciembre de 2007 | fechaacceso=9 de maio 2009| idioma = inglés}}</ref><ref>{{cita web | título = Final Act | url = http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/cg00015.en07.pdf | editorial = Council of the European Union | fecha = 3 de decembre 2007 | fechaacceso = 9 de maio 2009 | formato = PDF | idioma = inglés | title = Archive copy | accessdate = 2012-02-14 | archivedate = 2016-03-03 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211601/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/cg00015.en07.pdf }}</ref>. == Marco institutional == Le Institutiones del Union Europee es le organismos politic e institutiones in illos que le statos membros delega parte de lor poteres e soveranitate. Con illo cerca se que determinate decisiones e actuationes institutional proveni de organos de character supranational cuje voluntate applica se in le conjuncto del statos membros, lassante sin poter al organos national de cata pais. Le normas e proceduras que le institutiones debe sequer establi se in le tractatos, negotiate per le Consilio Europee e in conferentias intergovernamental e ratificate per le parlamentos national de cata Stato. Le Tractato de Lisbona, modifica novemente le Tractato del Union Europee, ma anque le TCE que passarea a nominar se Tractato re le Functionamento del Union Europee (TFUE). Le legitimitate del production normative del Union ha un duple vertente: legitimitate international in le action del Consilio e le Consilio Europee, pro un parte, como le Union es un organisation international regite per le Derecto International e conventional; e democratic, per le altere, jam que le Parlamento Europee collige le principio del formation democratic del Derecto, al esser un Institution cuje membros es eligite in un electiones directemente per le cives. Le Tractato de Lisbona ha consolidate le transformation formal del marco institutional supreme con septe institutiones. Le tres principal in le processo de toma de decisiones es le [[Parlamento Europee]], le [[Consilio del Union Europee]] e le [[Commission Europee]]. Anque ha un grande importantia le Consilio Europee como institutiones que determina le direction e le prioritates del union. === Institutiones === {{AP|Institution del Union Europee}} [[File:Belgique - Bruxelles - Schuman - Berlaymont - 01.jpg|thumb|Sede del Commission Europee in Brussel.]] Le Union Europee es regulate per un systema interne in regime de democratia representative. Su institutiones es septe: # le [[Parlamento Europee]] # le [[Commission Europee]] # le [[Consilio del Union Europee]] # le [[Consilio Europee]] # le [[Corte de Justitia del Union Europee]] # le [[Corte del Contos Europee]] # le [[Banca Central Europee]] Le Consilio Europee ha functiones de orientation politic general e representation externe, e nomina le chefes del alte institutiones constitutional; le Parlamento Europee e le Consilio exerce le potestate legislative in equalitate de conditiones, prendente decisiones conjuncte - a exception del procedimentos legislative special, ubi le Parlamento ha un rolo solmente consultative; le Commission o Collegio de Commissarios applica le Derecto del Union, supervisa su realisation e executa su politicas, e a illo corresponde exclusivemente le initiativa legislative ante le Parlamento e le Commission, le Corte de Justitia exerce le labores jurisdictional supreme in le systema juridic communitari; le Corte de Contos supervisa e controla le bon functionamento e le adequate administration del financias e del fundos communitari; e le Banco Central Europee dirige e applica le politica monetari unic del zona euro. === Organos e organismo === Le organos es assimilabile a institutiones de minor rango (ben que non ha iste statuto). Ben que lor functiones es concrete, illos ha competentias que va multe plus ultra del simple gestion e ha independentia in le exercitio de lor functiones.<ref>{{cita web|título=TRATADO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA|url=http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Admin/ttce.p6t1.html|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> Le organismos es structuras subsidiari de altere institutiones ma con autonomia functional, generalmente versate in ambitos specialisate de gestion vicari: * Le '''[[Committee Economic e Social Europee]]''' (CESE) era create per le [[Tractatos de Roma|Tractato Constitutive del Communitate Economic Europee]] in [[1957]] (origine del actual Union Europee) con le scopo de representar le interesses del distincte gruppos economic e social de [[Europa]].<ref>{{cita web|título=Comité Económico y Social Europeo (CESE)|url=http://www.eesc.europa.eu/?i=portal.es.home|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comité Económico y Social Europeo}}</ref> * Le '''[[Committee del Regiones]]''' (CDR) es le assemblea del representantes local e regional del Union Europee trans del qual pote manifestar se in le sino del Union. Illo es consultate per le Consilio del Union Europee, le Parlamento Europee e le Commission Europee in themas referente al education, juventute, cultural, salute public, etc.<ref>{{cita web|título=Comité de las Regiones|url=http://europa.eu/about-eu/institutions-bodies/cor/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> * Le '''[[Banca Europee de Investimento]]''' (BEI) es le organo financiero communitari del Union Europee. Illo era create in [[1958]] in le marco del [[Tractatos de Roma]] e su sede es in [[Luxemburg]]. Il ha como mission principal contribuer al disveloppamento equilibrate del territorio communitari trans del integration economic e le cohesion social.<ref>{{cita web |url= http://www.bei.org/about/index.htm |título= À propos de la BEI |fechaacceso=1 de noviembre de 2009|idioma=francés}}</ref> * Le '''[[Ombudsman europee]]''' es habilitate pro reciper del cives del Union Europee o del personas physic o juridic, tote querela relative al mal functionamento del institutiones o del organismos communitari (con exception del [[Corte de Justitia del Union Europee]] o del Tribunal de prime Instantia. Le Ombudsman es nominate per le [[Parlamento Europee]] post de cata election e pro tote le duration del legislatura. Il ha su sede in [[Strasburgo]].<ref>{{cita web|título=El Defensor del Pueblo Europeo|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/justice_freedom_security/citizenship_of_the_union/o10005_es.htm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> === Agentias === {{AP|Agentia del Union Europee}} Le [[Agentias del Union Europee|agentias europee]] es organismos specialisate que se incarga de un aspecto specific (scientific, technic, juridic o social) del structura del Union Europee. Illos se trova distribuite in le paises membros del UE. Lor function es proportionar cooperation inter le statos membros e adjuta a lor citates in le areas de su competentia.<ref>{{cita web|título=Agencias de la UE|url=http://europa.eu/agencies/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=14 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Iste agentias ha contribuite de maniera significative al functionamento effective del UE, gratias a su specialisation in areas determinate del architectura communitari. Al esser, in su majoritate, institutiones discentralisate e independente ha servite pro reinfortiar le character [[plurinational]] del Union.<ref name=agencias>{{cita web|título=Agencias europeas – Orientaciones para el futuro|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2008:0135:FIN:ES:PDF|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión de las Comunidades Europeas|fecha=11 de marzo de 2008}}</ref> Le agentias divide se in quatro categorias inglobate in duo typos: le agentias "regulator" e "executive".<ref name=agencias /> Le agentias regulator, que se divide in tres categorias, se trova discentralisate e incarga se de un competentia concrete sin limite de tempore; cognosce se como agentias del "tres pilares". Le ultimes, le agentias executive, se trova in le sede del [[Commission Europee]] ([[Brussel]] o [[Luxemburg (citate)|Luxemburg]] e se ha create pro un tempore determinate, pro realisar un activitate specific.<ref name=agencias /> == Systema legal == Le [[derecto del Union Europee]] es le conjuncto de normas e principios que determina le functionamento, corporation e competentias del Union Europee. Illo characterisa se pro tractar se de un ordine juridic ''sui generis'', differentiate del [[derecto international]] assi como del ordine juridic interne del statos membros. Le systema legal communitari articula se super le conjuncto de competentias que le statos ha attribuite al Union pro la via del derecto. === Derecto originari === Le derecto originari es ille continite in le diverse [[Tractatos del Union Europee|tractatos que le statos membros subscribe]], essente le fontes de major rango, e illos que permitte le apparition del derecto derivate, que es submittite al originari. Le derecto derivate non solo cedera in caso de contradiction con le originari, sed etiam debe esser fundamentate e originate in le differente Tractos que lo compone.<ref>{{cita web|título=El Derecho Originario Europeo|url=http://www.rederecho.com/derecho-europeo/167-el-derecho-originario-europeo|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Red Derecho|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-18|archivedate=2012-03-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301070544/http://www.rederecho.com/derecho-europeo/167-el-derecho-originario-europeo}}</ref> Le Tractatos del Union Europee es de duo typos fundamentalmente. De un latere es le tractatos fundational, in le qual se include tote le normas continite in le Tractato del [[Communitate Europee de Carbon e Aciero]] (durante que illa existeva), le Tractato del [[Communitate Economic Europee]] e le Tractato del [[Communitate Europee del Energia Atomic]].<ref name=tratados /> Le resto de tractatos es modificative e complementari, includente se in iste categoria le tractatos que ha modificate le dispositiones fundational. Le plus importante es: le [[Tractato de fusion]], le [[Acta Unic Europee]], le [[Tractato del Union Europee]], le [[Tractato de Amsterdam]], le [[Tractato de Nice]] e le [[Tractato de Lisbona]]. Ben que anque es tractate modificative le Tractatos de adhesion de cata un del statos que se ha adherite al Union.<ref name=tratados /> ==== Tractatos del Union Europee ==== {{Chronologia del Union Europee}} === Derecto derivate === Le derecto derivate es ille que se ha disveloppate trans del distincte normas que ha approbate le distincte institutiones europee. Le normas que pote approbar iste institutiones es: le [[Regulamento (Derecto del Union Europee)|regulamentos]], le [[Directiva (Derecto del Union Europee)|directivas]] e le [[Decision (Derecto del Union Europee)|decisiones]].<ref>{{cita web|título=¿Qué es el Derecho Originario y derivado de la Unión Europea?|url=http://www.mailxmail.com/curso-derecho-laboral-nociones-supuestos/que-es-derecho-originario-derivado-union-europea|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-18|archivedate=2019-01-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118131239/http://www.mailxmail.com/curso-derecho-laboral-nociones-supuestos/que-es-derecho-originario-derivado-union-europea}}</ref> Le regulamentos es normas juridic emanate del institutiones europee que possede effecto directe in le paises membros, e que prevale super le derecto national de cata un de illos. Il existe quatro proceduras pro le approbation de regulamentos: le regulamento essera adoptate pro le [[Consilio del Union Europee|Consilio]] a proposta del [[Commission Europee|Commission]] e con le approbation del [[Parlamento Europee|Parlamento]]. Pro altere, le Commission potera dictar regulamentos pro initiativa proprie in le caso previste pro le Tractatos, assi como quando recipe le correspondente delegation del [[Consilio Europee|Consilio]] pro tal emission regulamentari.<ref name=tratadoUE /> Le directivas communitari es mandatos dirigite a un o varie paises membro, essente competente pro su emission le Consilio; le Commission, e le Consilio juncte con le Parlamento. Su rasgo plus characteristic es le absentia de efficacia directe in le Ordenamentos a los que va dirigite, necessitante de un transposition pro parte del Stato membro pro que entra in vigor e face nascer in le cives derectos e obligationes. De iste maniera, le directiva ha un scopos que le statos habera de complir usante le medios del derecto interne, dentro del termino indicate. Le incomplimento del deber de transponer le directivas non face decader le derecto del cives de exiger le al stato le complimento de su obligationes (responsabilitate vertical limitate).<ref>{{cita web|título=Directivas comunitarias|url=http://osha.europa.eu/es/legislation/directives/directives-intro|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Agencia Europea para la Seguridad y la Salud en el Trabajo}}</ref><ref name=tratadoUE /> Finalmente, le decisiones es plus limitate proque, ancora habente character obligatori, non ha character general, sino que dirige se a destinatarios precise. Il pote comparar se con le actos administrative in le ambito interne.<ref name=tratadoUE /> === Derectos fundamental === {{AP|Carta del derectos fundamental del Union Europee}} Le [[Carta del derectos fundamental del Union Europee]] es le texto in le que se collige tote le [[derecto]]s [[Derecto civil|civil]], [[Derecto politic|politic]], [[Derecto economic|economic]] e [[Derectos sociale|social]] del [[Derecto de citatano europee|cives europee]]<ref>Lucas, Javier de, [http://www.uv.es/CEFD/8/Delucas.pdf ''Identidad y constitución europea. ¿Es la identidad europea la clave del proyecto europeo?''] in 'Cuadernos electrónicos de Filosofía del Derecho'. Universidad de Valencia. nº 8, 2003, ISSN 1138-9877, pág 2-3</ref> e de tote le personas que vive in le territorio del Union. Le derectos fundamental es le dignitate, le libertate, le equalitate, le solidaritate, le derecto del cive e le justitia,<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales: los Presidentes de la Comisión Europea, del Parlamento y del Consejo firman y proclaman solemnemente la Carta en Estrasburgo|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/07/1916&format=HTML&aged=1&language=ES&guiLanguage=en|fecha=12 de diciembre de 2007|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> quem jam se collige in le [[Convenio Europee pro le Protection del Derectos Human]], in le [[Carta Social Europee]] del Consilio de Europa, in le [[Carta Comunitari del Derectos Social Fundamental del Lavoratores]], e in les constitutiones del statos membros del Union, assi como in altere convenios international que ha signate le statos membro del Union Europee. == Governamento e politica == [[File:Buzek-van_rompuy-_barroso.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Jerzy Buzek]], ex-presidente del Parlamento Europee, [[Herman Van Rompuy]], presidente del Consilio Europee, e [[José Manuel Durão Barroso]], presidente del Commission Europee.]] Le [[Consilio del Union Europee|governamento del UE]] sempre ha oscillate inter le modello de conferentia intergovernamental, ubi le statos conserva le conjuncto de lor prerogativas, e le modello supranational, ubi parte del soveranitate del statos es delegate in le Union. In le prime caso, le decisiones communitari es de facto tractate inter statos e illos debe adoptar se per unanimitate. Iste modello, proxime al principio del organisationes intergovernamental classic, es defendite per le currente [[Euroskepticismo|euroskeptic]]. Secun istos, il es le chefes de stato o de governamento qui ha le legitimitate democratic pro representar le cives.<ref>{{cita web|título=Nigel Farage, euroescéptico en el Parlamento Europeo|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S51mTt8GN8A|fechaacceso=30 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> Il es tunc le nationes que debe controlar le institutiones del Union. Le secunde caso es le del currente [[Federalismo europee|europhile]]. Istos estima que le institutiones debe representar directemente le cives mediante un modello de [[federalismo]].<ref>{{cita web|título=¿Dónde están los federalistas europeos?|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cataluna/estan/federalistas/europeos/elpepiautcat/20060125elpcat_5/Tes|fechaacceso=30 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Cesáreo Aguilera|fecha=25 de enero de 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=Programa Político|url=http://jef.communicate-europe.co.uk/fileadmin/files_jef-europe/Political_Docs/Political_Programme/JEF_Political_Programme_ES.pdf|fechaacceso=30 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Jóvenes Europeos Federalistas|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-21|archivedate=2012-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120720013103/http://jef.communicate-europe.co.uk/fileadmin/files_jef-europe/Political_Docs/Political_Programme/JEF_Political_Programme_ES.pdf}}</ref> Pro illos, con le ampliation del UE de 2004 e 2007, le modalitates de presa de decisiones al seno del institutiones debe esser adaptabiles con le scopo de evitar tote risco de paralysis. Tunc, le modello de governamento del Union es un modello hybride, ubi le Consilio del Union Europee es le representante del statos (le decisiones non require unanimitate, le votos de cata stato es ponderate pro su peso demographic), e le Parlamento EUropee (unic institution europee seligite per suffragio universal) representa le cives.<ref>{{cita web|título=El funcionamiento de la Unión Europea|url=http://ec.europa.eu/publications/booklets/eu_glance/68/es.pdf|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> De iste modo, le competentias que ha le governamento del Union Europee es les citate a continuation:<ref name=tratadoUE /> {| style="width:100%; background:none" | colspan="3" style="text-align:center; font-size:89%" | Secundo lo signalate in le Titulo I del Prime Parte del Tractato de Functionamento del Union Europee (version consolidate):<ref name=tratadoUE /> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; |- | valign=top width=33%| {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:150%" | width="33%" style="background:#BECDF1; border:1px solid #9DB0F6; padding:5px" | Competentias exclusive: |} {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="padding-top:5px" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" | width="33%" style="background:#9DB0F6; border-bottom:1px dotted white" | ''Sole le Union pote legislar e adoptar actos vinculante; le statos unicamente potera si es facultate per le Union o pro ampliar le actos del Union<ref>Articulo 2.1 del Tractato de Funcionamento del Union Europee</ref>'' |- style="text-align:left; valign:top; font-size:90%" | style="background:#9DB0F6" valign=top | * le [[union doanere]]; * le stablimento del [[Derecto del competentia|normas re competentia]] necessari pro le functionamento del mercato interior; * le politica monetari del statos membros cuje moneta es le [[euro]]; * le conservation del recursos biologic marin dentro de [[Politica Piscaria Commun del UE|politica piscaria commun]]; * le [[Politica Commercial Commun del UE|politica commercial commun]]; * le celebration de [[Tractato International|acordos international]] in le marco de iste competentias. |} | valign=top width=33%| {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:150%" | width="33%" style="background:#D7DFF4; border:1px solid #BAC6F4; padding:5px" | Competentias compartite: |} {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="padding-top:5px" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" | width="33%" style="background:#BAC6F4; border-bottom:1px dotted white" | ''Le Union e le statos membros pote legislar e adoptar actos vinculante, ma le statos sol exercera lor competentia in le mesura in que le Union non lo habeva facite<ref>Articulo 2.2 del Tractato de Functionamento del Union Europee</ref>'' |- style="text-align:left; valign:top; font-size:90%" | style="background:#BAC6F4" valign=top | * le [[Mercato interior del Union Europea|mercato interior]] * le politica social, in le aspectos definite per le Tractatos * le cohesion economic, social e territorial; * le [[Politica Agricole Commun del UE|agricultura]] e le [[Politica Pesquera Commun del UE|pesca]]. * le [[ambiente]]; * le [[Derecto del consumption|protection del consumitores]]; * le transporto; * le retes transeuropee; * le [[energia]]; * le [[spatio de libertate, securitate e justitia]]; * le affaires commun super [[sanitate public]] |} {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="padding-top:5px" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" | width="33%" style="background:#BAC6F4; border-bottom:1px dotted white" | ''Le politicas e actiones del Union non impedira le statos exercer le sue'' |- style="text-align:left; valign:top; font-size:90%" | style="background:#BAC6F4" valign=top | * le [[investigation]], le disveloppo technologic e le [[Exploration del spatio|spatio]] * le [[cooperation al disveloppo]] e le [[adjuta humanitari]] |} {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="padding-top:5px" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:125%" | width="33%" style="background:; border:1px dotted white";padding:5px | '''Competentias special'''<br /><small>(catalogate a parte)</small> |- style="text-align:left; valign:top; font-size:90%" | style="background:#000000" valign=top | * <span style="color:#FFFFFF">le coordination del politicas economic, social e de empleo</span> * <span style="color:#FFFFFF">le politica exterior y de securitate commun ([[Politica Exterior e de Securitate Commmun del UE|PESC]]-[[Politica Commun de Securitate e Defensa del UE|PCSD]])</span> |} | valign=top width=33%| {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:150%" | width="33%" style="background:#F3F5FD; border:1px solid #E6ECFD; padding:5px" | Competentias de appoio: |} {| width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="padding-top:5px" |- style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" | width="33%" style="background:#E6ECFD; border-bottom:1px dotted white" | ''Le Union pote portae a capo actiones al fin de appoiar, coordinar o complementar le action del statos'' |- style="text-align:left; valign:top; font-size:90%" | style="background:#E6ECFD" valign=top | * le protection e melioramento del [[sanitate human]] * le [[industria]] * le [[cultura]] * le [[tourismo]] * le [[education]], le [[formation professional]], le [[juventute]] e le [[sport]] * le [[protection civil]] * le [[Administrationes public|cooperation administrative]] |} |} === Partitos politic europee === {{AP|Partitos politic a scala europee}} [[File:2009 European Parliament Composition.svg|thumb|right|300px|'''Deputatos del Septima Legislatura del PE''':<br />{{Colorbox|#3399FF}} Gruppo del [[Partito Popular Europee]]&nbsp;(265)<br /> {{Colorbox|#FF0000}} [[Aliantia Progessiste de Socialistas e Democratas]]&nbsp;(184)<br /> {{Colorbox|#FFFF00}} [[Aliantia del Liberales de Democratas pro Europa]]&nbsp;(84)<br /> {{Colorbox|#009900}} [[Le Verde-Aliantia Libere Europee]]&nbsp;(55)<br /> {{Colorbox|#0000FF}} [[Conservatores e Reformistas Europee]]&nbsp;(54)<br /> {{Colorbox|#990000}} [[Sinistra Unitari Europee - Sinistra Verde Nordic]]&nbsp;(35)<br /> {{Colorbox|#ff9900}} [[Europa del Libertate e le Democratia]]&nbsp;(32)<br /> {{Colorbox|#999999}} Non inscripte&nbsp;(27)]] Un partito politic europee es un organisation que seque un programma politic e es formate per partitos e individuos de differente paises e que, ergo, es representate in alicun stato membro del Union Europee.<ref name=partidosUE>{{cita web|título=¿Qué es un partido político a escala europea?|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/parliament/expert/staticDisplay.do?language=ES&id=43&pageRank=1|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo}}</ref> Ab julio de 2004 le partitos politicos a scala europee ha a lor disposition un financiamento annual pro parte del Parlamento Europee. Iste financiamento es destinate a abarcar approximatemente usque le 85% del dispensas del partitos suffragante, dispensas que es directemente rilate con le scopos stabilite in le programma politic del partito (reuniones, dispensas administrative, campanias rilate con le electiones europee, publicationes, etc.) Nonobstante, tal subvention non se pote utilisar in dispensas de campanias o financiation de partitos o candidatos de comicios non europee, assi como le pagamento del debitos e dispensas rilate con su amortisation.<ref name=partidosUE /> Pro poter aspirar a iste financiation public, le organisationes ante mentionate debe satisfacer determinate conditiones:<ref>{{cita web|título=¿Qué condiciones hay que cumplir para obtener financiación?|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/parliament/expert/staticDisplay.do?language=ES&id=43&pageRank=2|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo}}</ref> * [[Personalitate juridic]] proprie in le Stato membro ubi ha su sede. * Tener un representation significative in al minus un quarta parte del statos del Union (iste puncto se verifica conforme a un criterio de representation electoral minime in le Parlamento Europee o, in su defecto, in institutiones national o local representative). * Respectar le valores e principios super los que se funda le Union Europee e pro los que se rigen su Institutiones: le [[libertate]], le [[democratia]], le respecto del [[derectos human]] e del [[Libertates civil|libertates fundamental]], assi como le [[Stato de Derecto]], in particular in su programma e statutos e in su activitates. * Haver participate in le [[relationes europee]], o haver manifestate su intention de facer lo. Le Articulo 10.4 del [[Tractato del Union Europee] dice del partitos politic europee: {{cita|[...] 'Le partitos politic a scala europee contribuira a formar le conscientia politic europee e a expresar le voluntate del citatanos del Union.'}} Le partitos politic europee forma le [[Gruppo politic del Parlamento Europee|gruppos politic in le Parlamento Europee]], e pro illo on besonia al minus 25 deputatos de un quinquagesima parte del statos membros. Post le approbation del presidentes dl gruppos, le sedes in le hemicyclo del PArlamento Europee se asigna al diputatos con arreglo a su adscription politic. Anque il pote donar se le caso de que alicun diutato pertine a nulle gruppo, pro lo que formara parte del ''non inscripte''.<ref name=grupos>{{cita web|título=Los grupos políticos|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/parliament/public/staticDisplay.do?id=45&pageRank=4&language=ES|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo}}</ref> Actualmente le Parlamento es composte per 7 gruppos politic: le [[Gruppo del Partito Popular Europee]], le [[Gruppo del Aliantia Progressiste de Socilistes e Domocratas]], le [[Gruppo del Aliantia del Democratas e Liberales pro Europa]], le [[Gruppo del Conservatores e Reformistas Europee]], le [[Gruppo de Le Verdes/ Aliantia Libere Europee]], [[Gruppo Confederal del Sinisra Unitari Europee/Sinistra Verde Nordic]] e [[Europa del Libertate e le Democratia]].<ref name=grupos /> Donate que le [[Parlamento Europee]] non sellige ningun governmento, in illo no ha gruppos "governamental" ni "de opposition". Il predomina le busqueda de consensos inter le partitos majoritari, in los que traditionalmente ha un peso spacial lde duo gruppos plus grande le PPE (demochristian) e le PSE (socialdemocrate). Isto debe se a que nulle gruppo politic attinge le [[majoritate absolute]] necessari pro ganiar un votation, a differentia de altere parlamentos ubi solo es necessari le [[majoritate simple]].<ref>{{cita web|título=El funcionamiento del Parlamento Europeo|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/funcionamiento/Parlamento/Europeo/elpepuint/20040525elpepuint_7/Tes|fechaacceso=21 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Fernando de Luis-Orueta|fecha=28 de mayo de 2004}}</ref> === Politica interior commun: le spatio de libertate, securitate e justitia === Inter le grande prioritates del Union Europee figura le de crear un [[Spatio de Libertate, Securitate e Justitia (Union Europee)|spatio de justitia, libertate e securitate]]. Le Tractato de Lisbona introduce modificationes importante in le actual normas europee re libertate, securitate e justitia e facilita un actuation plus amplie, legitime, efficace, transparente e democratic de le UE in iste campo. <ref name=tratados /> Ante de su intrata in vigor, le decissiones importante in iste materia haveva que adoptar se pro unanimitate in le Consilio, durante que al Parlamento e al Tribunal de Justitia les correspondiva un papel minor.<ref name=PIC /> Le Tractato de Lisbona supone major democratia e transparentia: un conjuncto uniforme de dispositiones juridic adopta se nunc in un processo in le que le Parlamento Europee, como colesgislator, ha un rolo plus relevante. De plus, se extende le princopio de majoritate qualificate in le Consilio.<ref name=PIC /> [[File:Europol Headquarters, The Hague, Netherlands - 20100609.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Edificio del Europol|Europol in Den Haag]].]] Le actuation del Union Europee con respecto al [[Europol|cooperation politial]] e [[Eurojust|juditial]] in assuntos penal se ve facilitate al suprimir se le distinction inter differente ambitos politic (le denominate "[[Pillares del Union Europee|pillares]]") que ante characterisava al structura institutional.<ref name=PIC /> Nonobstante, le statos membros ha le posibilitate de emprender iniciativas legislative super cooperation politicl operative, justitia penal e cooperation administrative (sempre que conta con le respaldo de un quarta parte del total de paises). Le Commission Europee assume le rolo como guardiana del Tractatos e como garante, juncte al Corte de Justitia del Union Europee, del correcte application de tote le decissiones. Le Parlamentos national participa de maniera plus active in le examine e le elaboration de dictamenes re themas de justitia, libertate e securitate.<ref name=PIC>{{cita web|título=Más justicia, libertad y seguridad|url=http://europa.eu/lisbon_treaty/glance/justice/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Le Tractato de Lisbona garantisa le libertates e le principios enunciate in le Carta del derectos Fundamental del Union Europee, cuje dispositiones pasa a essr juridicamente vinculante. Pro su parte, le Corte de Justitia obtene plus poteres pro assecurar le correcte application del Carta.<ref>{{cita web|título=El Tratado en pocas palabras|url=http://europa.eu/lisbon_treaty/glance/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Tote iste cambios contribuye a un procesi decisori plus amplio, legitime, efficace, transparente e democratic pro le spatio commun de libertate, securitate e justitia, e pone fin al repretite blocos de propostas a que donava loco le principio de unanimitate. Il es de signalar, nonobstante, que tres statos membros (Irlanda, Regno Unite e Danmark) ha uszgate necessari negotiar o prorogar certe dispositiones particular re aspectos concrete de justitia, libertate e securitate pro mantener alicun punctos de lor normativas constitutional.<ref>{{cita web|título=Establecimiento progresivo de un espacio de libertad, de seguridad y de justicia|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/amsterdam_treaty/a11000_es.htm|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> === Politica e action externe commun === {{AP|Relationes international del Union Europee|Servicio Europee de Action Exterior}} [[File:Insignia of the European External Action Service.svg|thumb|234px|[[Servicio Europee de Action Externe]].]] Le [[Alte Representante del Union pro Affaires Exterior e Politica de Securitate]] dirige un nove servicio diplomatic in le que se integra de immediato, fussionate, le delegationes international del Consilio e del commission presente in circa de 125 paises, assi como le Representationes special del [[Politica Exterior e de Securitate Commun del Union Europee]].<ref name=PESC>{{cita web|título=La política exterior y de seguridad común|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/institutional_affairs/treaties/amsterdam_treaty/a19000_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Iste servicio es le [[Servicio Europee de Action Externe]] (''SEAE'', o anque simplemente ''Servicio Externe''), create le 1 de decembre 2010, secunde lo previste per le [[Tractato de Lisbona]].<ref>Articulo 27.3 del Tractato del Union Europee</ref>Como servicio diplomatic que es, il ha como scopo appoiar e assiter in le effortio de su functiones al Alte Representante como maxime responsabile del [[action externe del Union]], in tote le ambitos de su activitate..<ref>{{cita web|título=Servicio Europeo de Acción Exterior: ¿Para cuándo estará listo? ¿Cómo funciona?|url=http://ec.europa.eu/spain/novedades/politica_exterior/servicio-europeo-accion-exterior-funcionamiento_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref> De plus, le Union Europee anque ha un politica de vicinitate, le qual perseque que le UE non es un entitate alien a su intorno ni desvinculate de su vicinos. Con iste politica se cerca intensificar le relationes bilateral con alicun antique republicas sovietic assi como le statos del bassino del Mediterranee.<ref>{{cita web|título=La Política: ¿Qué es la Política Europea de Vecindad?|url=http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/policy_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref> Dentro de iste contexto, il es disveloppante se un grande projecto, le [[Processo de Barcelona: Union pro le Mediterranee]], concentrate a longe termino a cercar un relation de approximation inter le UE e le [[Liga Arabe]].<ref>{{cita web|título=El Proceso de Barcelona: Unión para el Mediterráneo|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/external_relations/relations_with_third_countries/mediterranean_partner_countries/rx0001_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> In relation con le vicinos del est, il existe altere iniciative, le [[Association Oriental]], facite inter le bloco communitari e le antique republicas sovietic.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=La Asociación Oriental – un nuevo y ambicioso capítulo en las relaciones de la UE con sus vecinos orientales|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/1858&format=HTML&aged=0&language=ES|fecha=3 de diciembre de 2008|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> [[File:ECHO plane.jpg|thumb|252px|Cargamento de adjuta humanitari del UE.]] Tote isto face que le effecto del politica externe del Union Europee se face trans le processo de ampliation, durante que le atractivo que pro varie statos ha acquirite le qualitate de membro es un factor importante que contribue al reformation e stabilisation del paises del antique [[bloco communista]] in Europa.<ref>{{cita web|título=La Unión Europea|url=http://blogs.utpl.edu.ec/relacionesinternacionales/2009/07/02/la-union-europea/|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Ronald Herrera|cita=El atractivo que para varios estados tiene adquirir la calidad de miembro es un factor importante que contribuye a la reforma y a la estabilización de los países del antiguo bloque comunista en Europa}}</ref> Pro lo que in le ultime annos le Union Europee, trans le Commission Europee, ha ganiate representation in organismos como le [[G8]] o le [[G20]], trans le Alte Representante del Union, benque le statos membros se representa in le [[Organisation Mundial del Commercio]] trans su commisario commercial.<ref>{{cita web|título=Instituciones y foros internacionales|url=http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/international/forums/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref> Finalmente il ha anque que destaccar que le Union Europee es le major donante mundial de adjuta humanitarian, e le principal financiator del agentias del Nationes Unite implicate in le [[adjuta humanitarian]] e le cooperation pro le disveloppamento,<ref>{{Cita web | url = http://dicc.hegoa.efaber.net/listar/mostrar/78 | título = ECHO (Departamento para la Ayuda Humanitaria de la Comunidad Europea) | año = 2007 | obra = bantaba - 24 de junio de 2007 | fechaacceso = 24/06/2007 | 6 = | title = Archive copy | accessdate = 2012-02-27 | archivedate = 2010-05-03 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100503155952/http://dicc.hegoa.efaber.net/listar/mostrar/78 }}</ref> trans le [[Departamento de Adjuta Humanitarian e Protection Civil del Commission Europee]] (ECHO).<ref>{{cita web|título=Ayuda humanitaria|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/humanitarian_aid/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> === Politica commun de securitate e defensa === {{AP|Politica Externe e de Securitate Commun|Stato Major del Union Europee}} [[File:AshtonClinton.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Catherine Ashton]] e [[Hillary Clinton]].]] Le defensa e le securitate es traditionalmente materias de soveranitate national, ben que le politica del Union Europee in iste area era establite como le secunde del [[Pillares del Union Europee|tres pillares del Union]] in le [[Tractato de Maastricht]] de 1992, ben que non era usque le [[Tractato de Amsterdam]] (1997) quando se definiva le scopos del ''[[Politica Externe e de Securitate Comun]]'' (PESC).<ref name=PESC_2>{{cita web|título=Política exterior y de seguridad|url=http://europa.eu/pol/cfsp/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> In le culmine de Helsinki, de decembre 1999, le [[Consilio Europee]] approbava le creation de nove organos politic e militar permanente, como le [[Stato Major del Union Europee]] (SMUE).<ref name="CE">{{cita web |url= http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/foreign_and_security_policy/cfsp_and_esdp_implementation/r00006_es.htm |título= Estado Mayor de la Unión Europea (EMUE) |editorial= Comisión Europea |fechaacceso= 9 de mayo de 2009}}</ref> Le SMUE es un departimento del Union Europee, responsabile de supervisar le operationes in le ambito de Securitate Commun e Politica de Defesa. Iste departimento depende directemente del cabinetto del [[Alte Representante del Union pro Affaires Exterior e Politica de Securitate]], actualmente [[Catherine Ashton]] e se occuppa del [[alerta temprana]], le evalutation del situation e le planificamento strategic del missiones Petersberg (missiones humanitari, mantenimento del pace, gestion de crisis) e de tote le operationes dirigite per le UE.<ref name="CE"/> Formalmente, le SMUE es parte del [[Secretariato General del Consilio del Union Europee]] e ha dirigite un serie de displicamentos militar ab su creation. Le potente impulso que le [[Tractato de Lisbona]] ha supposite in le ambito institutional pro le politica commun de securitate e defensa, pare mirar, con le forte impulso del nucleo dur de paises ducite per [[Francia]], [[Italia]], [[Espania]], [[Polonia]], etc. e, in minor mesura, [[Germania]]), a un repellemento del politica commun de securitate e defensa.<ref>{{cita web|título=Instituciones eficaces y modernas|url=http://europa.eu/lisbon_treaty/glance/institutions/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=18 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref> == Organisation territorial == {{AP|Organisation territorial del Union Europee}} Le UE ha 28 statos membros. 12 regiones, qual es parte de 4 statos, es classificate como [[Region ultraperipheric del Union Europee|Region Peripheric Ultra]] (RPU). Etiam existe 25 '''[[paises e territorios de ultramar]]'''. Altere entitates con stato special es: [[Gibraltar]], [[Ceuta]], [[Melilla]]. == Economia == {{AP|Economia del Union Europee}} Le Union Europee es, in su conjuncto, le prime potentia economic del mundo,<ref>{{cita web|título=Comercio exterior|url=http://europa.eu/pol/comm/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=14 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu|cita=la Unión Europea es la primera potencia comercial del mundo}}</ref> superante al [[Statos Unite]]. Secunde le datos del [[FMI]] pro [[2010[[, le PIB (nominal) del Union Europee es de 14,82 billiones de dollars<ref name=datosUE>{{cita web|título=The World Factbook - European Union|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ee.html|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CIA|idioma=Inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2020-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611111527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ee.html}}</ref> (le statounitense es de 14,66 billiones).<ref name=datosUSA>{{cita web|título=The World Factbook - United States|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CIA|idioma=Inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2007-06-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612213256/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}</ref> Pro su parte, le PIB (nominal) per capita del UE in 2010 era de 32&nbsp;700 dollares, pro lo que es in le posto 42 a escala global.<ref name=datosUE /> Etiam assi, actualmente le economia europee se trova in crisis, le nominate [[crisis del deuda sobirane europee]] o crisis del euro,<ref name=crisisGriega>{{cita noticia|nombre=Andreu|apellidos=Missé|título=La UE intenta salvar el euro con un rescate de Grecia de 109.000 millones|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/economia/UE/intenta/salvar/euro/rescate/Grecia/109000/millones/elpepueco/20110721elpepueco_1/Tes|editorial=El País|fecha=21 de julio de 2011|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=FMI: En Europa se necesitan medidas decisivas para restablecer la confianza|url=http://www.imf.org/external/spanish/pubs/ft/survey/so/2011/car092511bs.pdf|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011|autor=Fondo Monetario Internacional|fecha=25 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=La crisis de la deuda soberana le abre las puertas a la recesión|url=http://www.ieco.clarin.com/economia/crisis-deuda-soberana-puertas-recesion_0_569343321.html|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011|autor=Isabel Stratta|cita=9 de octubre de 2011|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2011-12-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111214085603/http://www.ieco.clarin.com/economia/crisis-deuda-soberana-puertas-recesion_0_569343321.html}}</ref> que ha provocate le crescentia economic in statos como [[Economia de Grecia|Grecia]], [[Economiade Irlanda|Irlanda]], [[Economia de Portugal|Portugal]], [[Economia de Hispania|Hispania]] o [[Hispania de Italia|Italia]] ha essite negative in alicun exercicios.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Grecia seguirá en recesión y endeudada|url=http://www.cnnexpansion.com/economia/2011/10/03/grecia-seguira-en-recesion-y-endeudada|editorial=CNN Expansión|fecha=3 de octubre de 2011|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita noticia|título=Portugal acentúa su recesión y los sindicatos convocan huelga general contra los ajustes|url=http://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111017/portugal-acentua-su-recesion-sindicatos-convocan-huelga-general-contra-ajustes/468960.shtml|editorial=RTVE|fecha=17 de octubre de 2011|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita noticia|título=La economía española registra su primer crecimiento negativo en 15 años|url=http://www.abc.es/20081119/economia-economia/economia-espanola-registra-primer-200811190905.html|editorial=ABC|fecha=19 de noviembre de 2008|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita noticia|título=Italia para en seco su crecimiento y se sitúa al borde de la recesión|url=http://www.libertaddigital.com/economia/italia-para-en-seco-su-crecimiento-y-se-situa-al-borde-de-la-recesion-1276336157/|editorial=Libertad Digital|fecha=8 de agosto de 2008|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref> Le [[BCE]] arivava incluso a rescatar financieramente al tres prime paises citate ante.<ref name=crisisGriega /><ref>{{cita noticia|nombre=Andreu|apellidos=Missé|título=El Eurogrupo aprueba el rescate de Portugal con 78.000 millones|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/economia/Eurogrupo/aprueba/rescate/Portugal/78000/millones/elpepieco/20110517elpepieco_2/Tes|editorial=El País|fecha=17 de mayo de 2011|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita noticia|título=La UE aprueba el rescate a Irlanda formalmente|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/economia/UE/aprueba/rescate/Irlanda/formalmente/elpepueco/20101207elpepueco_3/Tes|editorial=El País|fecha=7 de diciembre de 2010|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011}}</ref> Como consequentia de iste crisis economic, le Union Europee essaya augmentar le [[integration economic]] e politic inter su statos membros,<ref>{{cita noticia|nombre=Antonio|apellidos=Papell|título=El Eurogrupo da un paso federal|url=http://www.diariodemallorca.es/opinion/2011/12/10/eurogrupo-da-paso-federal/727120.html|editorial=El Diario de Mallorca|fechaacceso=10 de diciembre de 2011}}</ref> habente approvate pro illo medidas commun de chracte fiscal, un plus grande coordination economic del eurozona, le refortiamento del fundos de rescate pro paises in difficultates economic e adelantente le posta in functionamento del [[MEchanismo Europee de Stabilitate]].<ref>{{cita noticia|nombre=Andreu|apellidos=Missé|coautores=Claudi Pérez|título=Un salto para la Europa del euro|url=http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2011/12/09/actualidad/1323427145_879313.html|editorial=El País|fecha=9 de diciembre de 2011|fechaacceso=10 de diciembre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita noticia|título=El BCE gestionará los dos fondos de rescate de una eurozona con más disciplina fiscal|url=http://www.rtve.es/noticias/20111209/bce-gestionara-dos-fondos-rescate-eurozona-mas-disciplina-fiscal/480864.shtml|editorial=RTVE|fecha=9 de diciembre de 2011|fechaacceso=10 de diciembre de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita noticia|título=La UE logra un acuerdo de integración fiscal a 26 que deja aislado a Reino Unido|url=http://www.finanzas.com/noticias/economia/2011-12-09/614451_logra-acuerdo-integracion-fiscal-deja.html|editorial=Finanzas|fecha=9 de diciembre de 2011|fechaacceso=10 de diciembre de 2011}}</ref> === Budget === {{AP|Budget del Union Europee}} [[File:EU Budget 2006 - Total expenditure.svg|thumb|Partidas presupuestarias del UE pro le anno 2006.<ref name="ECDetail20002007">{{Obra citada | url = http://web.archive.org/web/20080813012855/http://ec.europa.eu/budget/library/publications/fin_reports/fin_report_07_data_en.pdf | título=EU Budget in detail: detailed data 2000-2007. | editorial=Portal de la Comisión Europea | año= 2007 | fechadeacceso = 2008-07-07 |idioma = inglés}}</ref> {{legend|#990000|Agricultura: 46,7%}} {{legend|#FF0000|Actiones structural: 30,4%}} {{legend|#FF9900|Políticas internas: 8,5%}} {{legend|#FFFF00|Administration: 6,3%}} {{legend|#00FF00|Actiones externe: 4,9%}} {{legend|#3399FF|Estrategias de preadhesión: 2,1%}} {{legend|#0000FF|Compensationes: 1%}} {{legend|#000000|Reservas: 0,1%}} '''Gasto total = 106.575,5 milliones de €''' ]] Le budget del Union Europee ha tote le ingresos e tote le gastos del UE. Si ben ha essite aumentante al longe del tempo, actualmente su limite es fisate in le 1,27% del [[Producto Interior Bruto|PIB]] del Union. Le budget annual fixa se dentro de una marco financiero previamente stablite pro un periodo non inferior a cinque annos (actualmente 7 annos).<ref name=presupuesto /> Debite a que le Union Europee ha un [[Parlamento Europee|parlamento]] e un administration distincte e independente de su statos membros, gestiona anque de forma independente le gastos dirigite al politicas commun del Union. Pro facer frente a iste gastos, le Union Europee ha un budget accordate de plus de 133&nbsp;800 milliones de euros annual, lo que equivalea un 1% del ricchessa que genera cata anno le paises membros.<ref name=presupuesto>{{cita web|título=Presupuesto|url=http://europa.eu/pol/financ/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |url=http://ec.europa.eu/budget/budget_glance/where_from_en.htm| título=EU budget at a glance|editorial=Portal de la Comisión Europea|fechaacceso=06-11-2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> Le Union Europee nutre se del recursos que le transfere le statos membros e que le corresponde pro derecto, le cognoscite como recursos prorpie, le qual provene fundamentelmente del exactiones agricole, del derectos de doanas, de un quota sur le IVA e de un quota in relation con le PIB. Durante que le resto de recursos ha fundamentalmente un character testimonial, jam que suppone sole un 1% del ingressos del Union, como le multas imposte per le [[Commission Europee]] o le excedente positive, si il ha, del anno anterior.<ref>{{cita web|título=Fuentes de ingresos de la UE|url=http://europa.eu/about-eu/basic-information/money/revenue-income/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Le dispensas del Union Europee se divide in cinque bloques principal: crescimento tenibile (empleo, innovation, education, prolitica social, etc.); derecto del cive, securitate e justitia; politica externe del UE; dispensas de administration e compensationes (adjutas al paises-membros con minor disveloppamento).<ref>{{cita web|título=Where does the money go?|url=http://ec.europa.eu/budget/explained/budg_system/fin_fwk0713/fin_fwk0713_en.cfm|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> === Mercato interne === {{AP|Mercato interne europee|Spatio Schengen|}} Le [[Mercato interne europee|Mercato interne del Union Europee]] (MIUE) es un combination del [[Union doanere]] e [[zona de libre comercio]]. Tunc, le membros del Union actua como bloque, defininte le mesme impostos al commerciar verso fora (pro evitar competentias interne), annulante inter ilos le impostos in frontiera e permittinte le libere transito de personas, assi como de capitales e servicios (libere prestation de servicios e libertate de stablimento del empresas).<ref name="MIUE" /> In le anno [[2007]], post le duo ultime ampliationes del Union, on decidiva donar le un nove rumbo al MIUE, concedente le prioritate al consumitor e al parve empresas.<ref>{{cita web|título=Estrategia en materia de política de los consumidores 2007-2013|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/consumers/general_framework_and_priorities/l32054_es.htm|fechaacceso=9 de octubre de 2011|autor=europa.eu|cita=El objetivo de esta Comunicación es reforzar, entre 2007 y 2013, el comercio minorista en el mercado interior}}</ref> Le mercato unic reformate non sole pretende sacar partito del globalisation, sino que vole adjutar a mantener le logros social e ecologic.<ref>{{cita web|título=Mercado interior|url=http://europa.eu/pol/singl/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=14 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Le [[Accordo de Schengen]], signate le [[14 de junio]] 1985 in [[Schengen (Luxemburg)|Schengen]], un localitate de [[Luxemburg]], constitui un del passos plus importante in le historia del construction del Union Europee. Le accordo ha como scopo finalisar con le controles in le frontieras dentro del ''spatio de Schengen'' pro harmonizar le controles del frontieras externe, con le creation de un zona de [[Libertate de circulation|libere circulation]].<ref name="Espacio/cooperation Schengen">{{cita web |url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/justice_freedom_security/free_movement_of_persons_asylum_immigration/l33020_es.htm |título=El espacio y la cooperación Schengen |fechaacceso=15 de noviembre |añoacceso=2009|cita=Síntesis de la legislación de la Unión Europea}}</ref> Tote le paises del spatio Schengen, con le exception de [[Switza]], [[Norvega]], [[Liechtenstein]] e [[Islanda]],<ref>{{cita web|título=Relaciones con terceros países: principios comunes|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/justice_freedom_security/free_movement_of_persons_asylum_immigration/l33020_es.htm|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|cita=Como consecuencia de la extensión progresiva del espacio Schengen a todos los estados miembros de la UE, algunos terceros países con relaciones especiales con la Unión participan en la cooperación Schengen}}</ref> es membros del Union Europee. Pro altere parte, [[Irlanda]] ha optate pro permanecer fora del accordo de Schengen benque participa in certe assuntos (como habeva le Regno Unite quando illo era un membro del UE).<ref>{{cita web|título=El espacio y la cooperación Schengen|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/justice_freedom_security/free_movement_of_persons_asylum_immigration/l33020_es.htm|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|cita=De acuerdo con el protocolo adjunto al Tratado de Ámsterdam, Irlanda y el Reino Unido pueden participar en la totalidad o en parte de las disposiciones del acervo de Schengen}}</ref> Le [[Spatio Economic Europee]] (SEE) comenciava existir le 1 de januario 1994, con le motivo de un accordo inter paises membros del Union Europee e del [[Association Europee de Libere Comercio]] (AELC).<ref name=EEEParlamento>{{cita web|título=El Espacio Económico Europeo (EEE)|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/6_3_2_es.htm|fechaacceso=14 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo}}</ref> Su creation permitiva al paises del AELC participar in le mercato comun europee sin tener que adheri se al UE. Le membros del asscoaition es le 27 paises integrante del [[UE]], e [[Islanda]], [[Liechtenstein]] e [[Norvega]].<ref>{{cita web|título=El Espacio Económico Europeo (EEE)|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/6_3_2_es.htm|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo|cita=El objetivo del EEE es la creación de un mercado único que cubra no sólo a la propia Comunidad Europea, sino también a los países de la Asociación Europea de Libre Comercio (AELC). El mercado conjunto así creado es de unos 380 millones de habitantes}}</ref> Pro su parte Switza, como membro del AELC, anque haveva dercto a entrar in le SEE, ma post un resultato negative al entrata in un referendum national in decembre 1992, non ratificava la accordo.<ref>{{cita web|título=El Espacio Económico Europeo (EEE)|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/6_3_2_es.htm|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Parlamento Europeo|cita= Suiza no ratificó el Acuerdo, que entró en vigor a principios de 1994 cubriendo, por tanto, a 17 países}}</ref> Le relationes de Switza con le UE es regite per un conjuncte de tratatos bilateral<ref>{{cita web|título=Suiza y la Unión Europea: un acercamiento difícil|url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/especiales/suiza_y_la_union_europea/Suiza_y_la_Union_Europea:_un_acercamiento_dificil.html?cid=822682|fechaacceso=14 de septiembre de 2011|autor=swissinfo.ch|fecha=19 de julio de 2007|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2013-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015040230/http://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/especiales/suiza_y_la_union_europea/Suiza_y_la_Union_Europea:_un_acercamiento_dificil.html?cid=822682}}</ref> e entrava a formar parte del spatio [[Accordo de Schengen|Schengen]] in novembre de 2008. <ref>{{cita noticia|título=Suiza se suma al espacio Schengen|url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/especiales/suiza_y_la_union_europea/Suiza_se_suma_al_espacio_Schengen.html?cid=822660|editorial=swissinfo.ch|fecha=11 de diciembre de 2008|fechaacceso=14 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> === Union Economic e Monetari === {{AP|Union Economic e Monetari del Union Europee|Euro|Eurozona}} [[File:European union emu map en.png|thumb|upright=1.6| {{Legend|#486EB8|Paises del eurozona}} {{Legend|#E8984D|Paises ERM II}} {{Legend|#C44C4C|Altere paises EU}} {{Legend|#855C99|Acceptation unilateral del euro}}]] Le [[Tractato del Union Europee]], in vigor ab 1993, previde le creation de un [[union economic e monetari]] con le introduction de un moneta unic<ref name="tratados" /> (que tunc se pensava nominar [[Unitate Monetari Europee|ECU]]. De illa formarea parte le paises que cumpliva un serie de conditiones e se introducerea de forma gradual. Le data inicialmente previste se retrasava usque, finalmente, le statos membros del Union Europee accordava le [[15 de decembre]] [[1995]] in [[Madrid]] le creation de un moneta unic commun -jam sub de nomination de "euro"- con data de initio de circulation dde januario 2002.<ref name=euro>{{cita web|título=El euro|url=http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|cita=El euro es en la actualidad la moneda de los 330 millones de personas que viven en los 17 países de la zona del euro}}</ref> Le [[euro]] es le moneta del [[Eurozona]] o zona del euro, cmposte in 2023 per 20 del 27&nbsp;statos membros del UE que comparte iste moneta unic.<ref name=euro /> On poneva le billetes e monetas de euro in circulation le 1 de januario 2002,<ref>{{cita web|título=El Euro|url=http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|cita=El 1 de enero de 2002, el euro apareció físicamente, en forma de billetes y monedas}}</ref> data in la que 1&nbsp;euro se cambiava pro 0,9038 [[dollar statounitense|dolares statounitense]] (USD). Altere petras milliari del moneta unic se donava in julio [[2002]], quando le euro sobrepasava le paritate con le dollar in le mercato de divisas, e in [[julio]] [[2008]] quando le euro alcanzava su valor maxim usque le momento, al cambiar se 1&nbsp;euro per 1,5990 dollars.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=El euro registra la mayor devaluación de su historia y se cambia a menos de 1,50 dólares|url=http://www.elmundo.es/mundodinero/2008/08/08/economia/1218208770.html|editorial=El Mundo|fecha=8 de agosto de 2008|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> Le [[Banca Central Europee]] (BCE), era create in [[1998]], conforme al TUE, pro intrucer e gestionar le nove moneta, effectuar operationes con divisas e garantizar le bone functionamento del systema de pagamento. Il es anque responsabile de fixar le grande lienas e executar le politica economic e monetari del UE. Un del principal tareas del BCE es mantener le stabilitate de precios del zona euro, preservante le poter acquisitive del euro.<ref>{{cita web|título=El Banco Central Europeo|url=http://www.ecb.int/ecb/html/index.es.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=BCE|cita=. La función principal del BCE consiste en mantener el poder adquisitivo de la moneda única y, de este modo, la estabilidad de precios en la zona del euro}}</ref> [[File:Banque centrale européenne.jpg|thumb|left|220px|[[Eurotower]], sede central del [[Banca Central Europee|BCE]].]] Post le ampliation del Union in 2004, le 16 de junio 2006, le chefes de stato e de governmento del statos membros approvava le proposta del Commission Europee del intrata de Slovenia in le Euro pro le 1 de januario 2007.<ref>{{Obra citada |url = http://www.eleconomista.es/empresas-finanzas/noticias/115240/12/06/Eslovenia-entra-en-zona-euro-tras-una-historia-de-exito-economico.html |título= Eslovenia entra en zona euro tras una historia de éxito económico |editorial=www.eleconomista.es |año= 7/12/2006 |fechadeacceso = 25/6/2010 }}</ref> Un anno post, in le cumbre de 21 1 22 de junio 2007, le chefes de stato e de governmento approvava le entrata de [[MAta]] e [[Cypro]] in le zona euro pro le 1 de januario 2008.<ref>{{Obra citada |url = http://www.elpais.com/articulo/economia/Chipre/Malta/entran/zona/euro/elpepueco/20080101elpepueco_2/Tes |título= Chipre y Malta entran en la zona euro |editorial=www.elpais.es |año= 1/1/2008 |fechadeacceso = 25/6/2010 }}</ref> Altere anno post, le 8 de julio 2008, le ministros de economia e finantias del Union Europee approvava le entrata de [[Slovachia]] in le zona euro a partir del 1 de januario 2009.<ref>{{Obra citada |url = http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/UE/aprueba/entrada/Eslovaquia/zona/euro/elpepuint/20080708elpepuint_12/Tes |título= La UE aprueba la entrada de Eslovaquia a la zona euro |editorial=www.elpais.es |año= 8/7/2008 |fechadeacceso = 25/6/2010 }}</ref> E finalmente, le 17 de julio 2010, le ministros de economia e finantias del Union Europee approvava le ultime ampliation del zona euro usque le data, in le qual se approvava que [[Estonia]] entrava in le eurozona, e pro lo tanto adoptava le euro, a partor del 1 de januario 2011.<ref>{{Obra citada |url = http://www.europapress.es/economia/noticia-ue-aprueba-estonia-euro-enero-2011-20100617211708.html |título= La UE aprueba que Estonia entre en el euro el 1 de enero de 2011 |editorial=www.europapress.es |año= 17/6/2010 |fechadeacceso = 25/6/2010 }}</ref> Le resto del statos que ingressava al UE con le ampliationes del 2004 e 2007 no ha potite adoptar le euro ancora. Nonobstante, iste paises es tomante le medidas necessari pro implementar lo como divisa proprie, benque iste processo pote tardar varie annos.<ref>{{cita web|título=Ampliación de la zona del euro después del 1 de mayo de 2004|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/economic_and_monetary_affairs/institutional_and_economic_framework/l25070_es.htm|fechaacceso=9 de octubre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Pro su parte, tanto Danmark como le Regno Unite decidiva quedar se fora del zona europ quando se ratificava le [[Tractato de Maastricht]], ben que se espera que Danmark realisa un referendum in le proxime annos re iste question.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Dinamarca se plantea un nuevo referéndum sobre el euro|url=http://www.euroxpress.es/index.php/News/2011/3/3/Dinamarca_se_plantea_un_nuevo_referendum_sobre_el_euro/|editorial=euroXpress|fecha=3 de marzo de 2011|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> === Commercio international === [[File:London Stock Exchange 1520.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Mercato de actiones de London]].]] Le UE es membro del [[Organisation Mundial del commercio]] ab le 1 de januario 1995, e a su vice, le 27 statos membros del Union es membros del OMC.<ref name=OMC>{{Cita web| url = http://www.wto.org/spanish/thewto_s/whatis_s/tif_s/org6_s.htm | título = Miembros y Observadores | año = 23/7/2008 | publicación = Portal de la OMC| fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Il es importante destaccar que le UE es le prime potentia commercial del planeta, jam que representa plus del 20% del commercio international (importationes e exportationes).<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/pol/comm/index_es.htm | título = Comercio exterior| año = 23/6/2010 | publicación = Portal de la Unión Europea| fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> In su interior, Germani ha le plus grande mercato del Union attendente le PIB. Le UE es le principal socio commercial de [[Russia]], le majoritate de paises african, le apises europee non pertencente al UE e, ab 2005, anque del Republica Popular China, con la que le trasactiones supera le 100&nbsp;000 milliones de euro cata anno. Nonobstante le UE ancora non ha recognoscite al pais asiatic como un economia de mercato. Francia petiva le levantamento del embargo de armas que Europa mantene con China ab le factos del [[Placia de Tian'anmen]] in [[1989]]. Le UE ha signalate que es interessate in cerrar accordos de libere commercio con le paises latinoamerican,<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/la/index_es.htm | título = Unión Europea y América Latina| año = 3/5/2010 | publicación = Portal de la Comisión Europea| fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> que es integrate in arie gruppos regional. Un es le [[Comunitate Andina]], constituite per [[Bolivia]], [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]], e [[Peru]],<ref>{{Cita web | url = http://www.comunidadandina.org/ATRCII/img/Foll_VC.pdf | título = Relaciones CAN - UE: Asistencia Técnica Relativa al Comercio | año = 2007 | publicación = Portal del CAN | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | 6 = | title = Archive copy | accessdate = 2012-02-28 | archivedate = 2018-10-01 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20181001194946/http://www.comunidadandina.org/ATRCII/img/Foll_VC.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{Cita web| url = http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/andean/index_es.htm | título = Relaciones de la Unión Europea con la Comunidad Andina | año = 3/5/2010 | publicación = Portal de la Comisión Europea| fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> e altere es le [[Mercato Commun Centroamerican]],<ref>{{cita web|título=Intercambio comercial entre la UE y Nicaragua|url=http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/nicaragua/eu_nicaragua/trade_relation/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=29 de octubre de 2011|autor=Delegación de la Unión Europea para Centroamérica y Panamá}}</ref><ref>{{Cita web| url = http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/ca/index_es.htm | título = Relaciones de la Unión Europea con América Central | año = 3/5/2010 | publicación = Portal de la Comisión Europea| fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> que ha celebrate accordos de cooperation con [[Mexico]] e [[Chile]], e il es in negotiationes pro le liberalisation del comercio con [[Mercosur]].<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/mercosur/index_es.htm | título = Relaciones de la Unión Europea con América MERCOSUR (Mercado Común del Sur)| año = 3/5/2010 | publicación = Portal de la Comisión Europea| fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> == Disveloppamento tenibile == Le [[disveloppamento tenibile]] es pro le Union Europee un de su grande scopos. Le prime strategia de disveloppamento tenibile se ha realisate in le anno [[2001]], e posteriormente illo se ha actualisate in [[2006]], nam on voleva meliorar tote le deficientias derivate del nove defias. Iste politica se focalisa fundamentalmente in le [[cambio climatic]], in le politica [[energia|energetic]], assi como in le [[education]], le [[investigation]] e le [[finantiamento public]] pro attinger le instalation de patronos tenibile de [[production economic|production]] e [[consumo]].<ref name="Europa/Env">''[http://europa.eu/pol/env/index_es.htm Activitates del Union Europee. Medio ambiente]''. Europa.eu.</ref> === Cohesion territorial === [[File:European union erdf map.png|thumb|300px|[[Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional]] pro le periodo 2007-2013. {{Legend|#C14D4D|Regiones in convergentia.}} {{Legend|#D68787|Regiones in disminution progressive.}} {{Legend|#839CCF|Regiones in incremento progressive.}} {{Legend|#4568AF|Regiones competitive e generatore de empleo.}}]] Le [[politica regional del Union Europee]] es un politic con le scopo declarate de meliorar le ben-esser economic de determinate regiones del Union. Circa de un tertio del presuposto del UE se dedica a iste politic. Le scopo que se perseque es le eliminiation del disparitates de riquessa in tote le UE, le restructuration del zonas industrial in declive e le diversification del zonas rural con un sector agricole in declive.<ref>{{cita web|título=Política Regional. Acabar con las disparidades|url=http://europa.eu/pol/reg/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> Le ampliation plus importante del Union haveva loco in majo 2004 con dece nove statos membros, in su majoritate procedente de Europa Central o Oriental, sequite pro le Adhesion de Bulgaria e Romania in januario 2007. Le majoritate de iste paises es plus paupere que le membros anterior<ref>{{cita web|título=RETOS PARA LA UE DE LA AMPLIACIÓN AL ESTE. LA INCIDENCIA DE LOS FLUJOS MIGRATORIOS|url=http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/cee/cjm/0101/EduardoJeanMonnet.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Eduardo del Río Cobián (UCM)}}</ref> e isto ha significate que le renta per capita medie del UE se ha reducite, lo qual ha facte que alicun regiones del anterior UE-15 jam non pote optar al adjuta financiera communitari, jam que le majoritate del regiones del nove statos membros cumple le requisitos pro reciper tal fondos.<ref>{{cita web|título=Efectos sociales de la ampliación de la Unión Europea|url=http://www.carm.es/ctra/cendoc/haddock/14027.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Benjamín Bastida Vilá|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2011-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006053145/http://www.carm.es/ctra/cendoc/haddock/14027.pdf}}</ref> Pro consequer iste convergentia socioeconomic le Union dispone de varie [[Fondos Structural]]: le [[Fondo Europee de Disveloppamento Regional]] (FEDER), le [[Fondo Social Europee]] (FSE), le [[Fondo Europee de Orientation e de Garantia Agricole]] (FEOGA) e le [[Instrumento Financiero de Orientation Pesquera]] (IFOP).<ref>«[http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/regional_policy/provisions_and_instruments/l60014_es.htm Disposiciones generales sobre los Fondos Estructurales]», in ''Síntesis de la legislación de la UE''. Europa.eu.</ref> Le Union Europee, dispone de plus de un serie de iniciativas resrvate pro actiones de character innovator, le qual in origine era 13, e actualmente tan solo se mantene quatro:<ref>[http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/regional_policy/provisions_and_instruments/l60014_es.htm Disposiciones generales sobre los Fondos Estructurales]</ref> le [[programma INTERREG]], cuje scopo es estimular le cooperation transfrontieriza, transnational e interregional;<ref>{{cita web|título=INTERREG. About the programme|url=http://i4c.eu/about_programme.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Interreg IVC|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> le [[programma LEADER]], que se propone fomentar le disveloppamento rural;<ref>{{cita web|título=Programa LEADER|url=http://www.mendinet.org/leader.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Mendinet|idioma=inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2011-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905083337/http://www.mendinet.org/leader.html}}</ref> le [[programma EQUAL]], que investiga re nove methodos de lucta contra le discriminationes e desiqualitates de tote typo pro acceder al mercato laboral;<ref>{{cita web|título=Igualdad entre mujeres y hombres Equal|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/employment_and_social_policy/equality_between_men_and_women/c10237_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu}}</ref> e le [[programma URBAN]], que fomenta le revitalisation economic e social del citates e del zoanas suburban in crisis.<ref>{{cita web|título=Urban II : Ciudades & programas|url=http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/urban2/towns_prog_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea, Politica Regional Inforegio}}</ref> === Agricultura === [[File:CAPspendingbysector.png|thumb|250px|Gastos del PAC.]] Le [[Politca Agrari Comun]] (PAC) es un del politicas plus antique del Union Europee e un de su scopos original.<ref name=PACaldetalle>{{cita web|título=La Política Agrícola Común en Detalle|url=http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/publi/capexplained/cap_es.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref>Le politica ha como scopos incrementar le production agricole, assecurar le certessa del suministro del alimentos, meliorar le qualitate de vita del agricultores e stabilisar le mercatos al asecurar precios razonabile pro le [[consumitor]]es. Usque il ha pauc, operava mediante un systema de [[subsidio]]s e de intervention in le mercato; usque le decennio del [[annos 1990]] le politica representava le 60% del budget annual del Union Europee, e hodie ancora representa le 40%.<ref name=PACaldetalle /><ref>{{cita web|título=UNA POLÍTICA AGRARIA COMÚN PARA LOS BIENES PÚBLICOS EUROPEOS|url=http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/agriculturaypesca/portal/export/sites/default/comun/galerias/galeriaDescargas/cap/politica-agraria-comun/documentos-home/josegarciagalvarezcoque.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=José María García Alvarez-Coque, Alan Swinbank y Valentin Zahrnt.}}</ref> [[File:Montrachet vineyards.jpg|thumb|left|210px|Viñedos in [[Borgoña]], Francia.]] Le controles de precios e le intervention in le mercatos havava como resultato le [[superproduction]], le qual se amacenava pro mantener le niveles minime de precios.<ref name=PACaldetalle /> Pro disponer de iste superavit, a menudo se vendiva in le mercato mundial international a precio sub le garantizate per le Union o, pro altere parte, le agricultores a menudo recipeva subsidios que equivaliva al differentia inter le precios mundial e le del Union. Iste systema se ha criticate pro vender plus barato que le production del paises in vias de disveloppamento. Le superproduction anque se ha criticate per le ambientalistes pro le mthodos de production intensive. Pro altere parte, los que appoia le [[Politica Agricole Comun]], agumetna que le adjuta economic pro le [[agricultor]]es, les assicura un standart de vita razonabile imposible economicamente si non existiva. Ab le comencio del decennio de 1990, le politica ha vadite reformante se.<ref name=PACaldetalle /> Al principio, iste reformas includiva le politica de separar un portion de terra del production, imponer quaotas in le production lactier,<ref>{{cita web|título=Cuotas y tasa suplementaria en el sector lácteo en Cataluña|url=http://www.indret.com/pdf/612_es.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=InDret|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2011-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005160720/http://www.indret.com/pdf/612_es.pdf}}</ref> etc. Le dispensas agricole abandonara le subsidios rilate con le production specific pro relacionar los con le tamanio del fincas agricole, pro permiter que le mercato stabliva le nivellos de production e al mesme tempo assicurar le renta del agricultores. Le reformas anque include le abolition del regimen de sucre inter le statos membros e le nationes african e caibbean e su relation privilegiate.<ref name=PACaldetalle /> === Scientia e technologia === [[File:Ariane42P rocket.gif|thumb|150px|[[Porto spatial de Kourou]] in [[Guyana Francese]].]] {{AP|Investigation e innovation in le Union Europee}} In le terreno del investigation e exploration spatial in Europa existe le [[Agentia Spatial Europee]] (ASE). In illa collabora 18 statos europee,<ref name=aboutESA>{{cita web|título=What is ESA?|url=http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/About_ESA/SEMW16ARR1F_0.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=ESA|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> benque se espera que le membros que apportava le ampliation del Union Europee de 2004 e 2007 se incorpara al Agentia in le proxime annos.<ref>{{cita web|título=New Member States|url=http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/About_ESA/SEMP936LARE_0.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=ESA|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> Su sede central se trova in Paris. Le loco desde le que se effectua le lanchas del vehiculos [[Ariane]] del Agentia es le porto spatial de [[Kourou]], situate in le [[Guyana Francese]].<ref name=aboutESA /> In le terreno del physica nuclear, il destacca le [[Organisation Europee pro le Investigation Nuclear]] (plus cognoscite per su antique siglas, CERN<ref>{{cita web |url=http://public.web.cern.ch/public/fr/About/Name-fr.html |título=Le nom CERN |idioma=francés |autor=CERN |fechaacceso=21-01-2009 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2012-02-28 |archivedate=2012-02-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220174851/http://public.web.cern.ch/public/fr/About/Name-fr.html }}</ref>), le plus grande laboratorio de investigation in physica a nivel mundial.<ref>{{cita web|título=CERN (European Laboratory for Particle Physics)|url=http://www.micinn.es/portal/site/MICINN/menuitem.7eeac5cd345b4f34f09dfd1001432ea0/?vgnextoid=63e938effdb33210VgnVCM1000001d04140aRCRD&lang_choosen=es|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación|cita=El mayor laboratorio de investigación en Física de Partículas Elementales, o Física de Altas Energías a nivel mundial|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2011-12-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217114012/http://www.micinn.es/portal/site/MICINN/menuitem.7eeac5cd345b4f34f09dfd1001432ea0/?vgnextoid=63e938effdb33210VgnVCM1000001d04140aRCRD&lang_choosen=es}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=LABORATORIOS DE FÍSICA DE PARTÍCULAS MÁS IMPORTANTES DEL MUNDO|url=http://www.madrimasd.org/cienciaysociedad/ateneo/dossier/particulas/cdti/lab.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=madridmasd.org|cita=CERN. Es el mayor centro de física de partículas del mundo.}}</ref> Il es situate in le frontiera inter Francia e Switza, inter le communa de Meyrin (in le canton de Geneva) e le communa de Saint-Genis-Pouilly (in le departamento de Ain). In le actualitate il ha 20 statos membros, e le [[Comission Europee]] actua commo observator.<ref>{{cita web|título=CERN in a nutshell|url=http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/About/About-en.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CERN|idioma=Inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2012-02-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229024543/http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/About/About-en.html}}</ref> Un de su projectos stella es le `[Grande Collisionato Un del projectos stella es le [[Grande Collisionator de Hadrones]],<ref>{{cita web|título=Why the LHC|url=http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/LHC/LHC-en.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CERN|idioma=Inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2012-12-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228062222/http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/lhc-en.html}}</ref> super le que le scientificos e ingestigatores ha poste grande expectivas. === Infrastructuras === {{AP|Infrastructuras del UE}} [[File:Oeresund Bridge.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Le ponte de Oresund e le insula artifical de [[Peberholm]] connecte [[Danmark]] e [[Svedia]].]] Le UE es lavorante pro meliorar su infrastructuras transfrontierise, por exemplo tra la [[Rete transeuropee|retes transeuropee]] (RTE). Le projectos del RTE include le [[tunnel del Canal]], le [[corredor Mediterranee]], le [[LGV Est]], le [[tunnel ferroviari de Frejus]], le [[ponte de Oresund]] e le [[tunnel de basse del Brennero]]. In 2001 se calculava que in 2010 le rete comprenderea 75&nbsp;200 kilometros de carreteras, 78&nbsp;000 kilometros de vias de ferrocarril, 330 aeroportos, 270 portos maritime e 210 portos interior.<ref>{{cita web|título=The trans-European transport network: new guidelines and financial rules|[[European Commission]]|fecha=1 de octubre de 2003|url=http://ec.europa.eu/ten/transport/revision/doc/revision_1692_memo_en.pdf|formato=PDF|fechaacceso=15 de agosto de 2007|editorial=Europa web portal|autor=European Commission|idioma=inglés}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|apellido=Mirea|nombre=Silvia|título=The trans-European transport network: new guidelines and financial rules|editorial=The Railway Journal|url=http://www.cfr.ro/jf/engleza/0304/ten-t.htm|fechaacceso=15 de agosto de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> Altere projecto de infrastructura es le [[systema global de navigation per satellite]] [[Galileo (systema de navigation per satellite|Galileo]], construite per le Union Europee e posate in marcha per le [[Agentia Spatial Europee]] (AEE), le qual es opperative ab 2010. Le projecto Galileo, era lanceate in parte pro reducir le dependentia del UE super le [[Systema de Positionamento Global]] (SPG) statounitense, e anque pro donar un cobertura mundial plus complete e prmitter un exactitute multe plus grande, donate le antiquitate del systema SPG.<ref name="Barrot">{{cita web|apellido=Barrot|nombre=Jacques|título=Jacques Barrot Home Page, Commission vice president for transport|editorial=Europa web portal|url=http://ec.europa.eu/commission_barroso/barrot/index_en.htm|fechaacceso=21 de julio de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> Alicunes ha criticate le systema Galileo pro su elevate costo, su varie retraos e pro su perception de redundantia, donate le existentia del systema SPG.<ref>{{cita web|apellido=McKie|nombre=Robin|título=Sat-nav rival could crash and burn|editorial=Guardian|fecha=15 de julio de 2007|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/jul/15/spaceexploration.europeanunion|fechaacceso=11 de agosto de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> === Energia === {{AP|Energias renovabile in le Union Europee}} [[File:GaspipelinesNachDeutschland.png|left|250px|thumb|[[Gaseoducto]]s inter [[Russia]] e le UE.]] In 2007, le 27 statos membros del UE habeva un consumo interior bruto de energia de 1825 milliones de tonelatas equivalente de petroleo (tep),<ref name="EurostatEnergy"> {{cite press release|título=Energy consumption and production: EU27 energy dependence rate at 54% in 2006: Energy consumption stable|editorial=[[Eurostat]]|fecha=10 July 2008|formato=PDF|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/PGP_PRD_CAT_PREREL/PGE_CAT_PREREL_YEAR_2008/PGE_CAT_PREREL_YEAR_2008_MONTH_07/8-10072008-EN-AP.PDF|fechaacceso=12 September 2008|quote=<br /> In the EU27, gross inland energy consumption was 1 825 million tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) in 2006, stable compared with 2005, while energy production decreased by 2.3% to 871 mn toe...<br /> Gross inland consumption is defined as primary production plus imports, recovered products and stock change, less exports and fuel supply to maritime bunkers (for seagoing ships of all flags)... <br /> A tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is a standardised unit defined on the basis of one tonne of oil having a net calorific value of 41.868 Gigajoules.}}</ref> del qual, circa le 46% del energia consumite se produceva in le proprie statos membros, durante que on importava le 54% restante.<ref name="EurostatEnergy" /> In iste statisticas, le energia nuclear es tractate como le energia primari producite per le UE, independentemente del fonte del uranio, del que minus del 3% es producte in le UE.<ref name="Euratom2007">{{cita libro|título=Euratom Supply Agency — Annual Report 2007|url=http://ec.europa.eu/euratom/ar/last.pdf|formato=PDF|fechaacceso=1 de marzo de 2009|año=2008|editorial=Office for Official Publications of the European Communities|ubicación=Luxembourg|isbn=978-92-79-09437-8|página=22|capítulo=EU supply and demand for nuclear fuels|cita=European uranium mining supplied just below 3% of the total EU needs, coming from the Czech Republic and Romania (a total of 526 tU).}}<br />Nuclear energy and renewable energy are treated differently from oil, gas, and coal in this respect.</ref> Le UE ha tenite le poter legislative in le ambite del politica energetic al longe de su existentia, habente su radices in le original [[Communitate Europee de Carbon e Aciero]]. Le introduction de un politica obligatori e integral del energia era approvate in el reunion del Consilio Europee in octubre 2005, e le borrator del politica era publicate in januario 2007.<ref name="Energy Q&A">{{cita publicación|título=Q&A: EU energy plans|editorial=BBC|fecha=9 de marzo de 2007|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4783996.stm|fechaacceso=13 de julio de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> Le Commission ha cinque punctos calve in su politica energetic: aumentar le competentia in le mercato interne, fomentar le inversion e aumentar le interconexione inter su redes de electricitate, diversificar le fontes de energia con meliores systemas pro responder a un crisis, stablir un nove marco pro le cooperation energetic con Russia, al tempo que pretende meliorar le relations con le statos ric in energia de [[Asia central]]<ref name=oies>{{Cita publicación|autor=Shamil Midkhatovich Yenikeyeff|url=http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG25-KazakhstansgasExportMarketsandExportRoutes-ShamilYenikeyeff-2008.pdf|título=Kazakhstan's Gas: Export Markets and Export Routes|editorial=Oxford Institute for Energy Studies|formato=PDF|fecha=November 2008|fechaacceso=12 November 2008|idioma=inglés}}</ref> e del [[nord de Africa]], le uso del fontes de energia existente de maniera plus efficente e le aumento del uso del fontes de energia renovabile e, finalmente aumentar le financiation de nove technologias energetic.<ref name="Energy Q&A" /> [[File:EU Renewable energy.svg|thumb|250px|% del energias renovabile in le UE ([[2008]]). {{legend|#005500|Energia renovabile > 30 %}} {{legend|#00AA00|Energia renovabile > 20 %}} {{legend|#00FF00|Energia renovabile > 10 %}} {{legend|#55FF55|Energia renovabile > 5 %}} {{legend|#AAFFAA|Energia renovabile < 5 %}}]] Le UE importa actualmente le 82% del petroleo, le 57% del gas<ref name="low carb prop">{{cita web|título='Low-carbon economy' proposed for Europe|editorial=[[MSNBC]]|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16560106/|fechaacceso=24 de enero de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> e le 97,48 del uranio.<ref name="Euratom2007" /> Il existe preocupation de que le dependentia de Europa respecto del energia de Rusia pone in pericolo al Union e su paises membros. Pro lo que le UE es tractante de diversificar su suministro de energia.<ref name="Energy Russia">{{cita web|título=Crisis del gas entre Ucrania y Rusia: la UE necesita una política energética más firme|editorial=europa.eu|autor=Parlamento Europeo|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+IM-PRESS+20060112STO04233+0+DOC+XML+V0//ES|fechaacceso=28 de octubre de 2011}}</ref> Le paises del Union Europee in su conjuncto, constitui le principal potentia mundial in lo que al disveloppamento e application de energias renovabile se refere. Le promotion del energias renovabile ha un rolo multo importante, tanto in lo que se refere a reducir le dependentia externe del UE in su abastimento energetic,<ref>{{cita web|título=Energías renovables: promoción de la electricidad generada a partir de fuentes de energía renovables|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/energy/renewable_energy/l27035_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu|cita=La Unión Europea ha establecido un marco comunitario para la promoción de las fuentes de energía renovables}}</ref> como in le actiones que debe adoptar se in relation con le lucta frente al cambio climatic. Nonobstante, e benque in conjuncto le avances es positive, il existe ancora resultatos longe de cumplir le expectativas in alicun paises del Union.<ref>{{cita noticia|título=La UE-15, camino de cumplir su objetivo de Kyoto, pese a resultados dispares a nivel nacional|url=http://www.eea.europa.eu/es/pressroom/newsreleases/la-ue-15-camino-de-cumplir-su-objetivo-de-kyoto-pese-a-resultados-dispares-a-nivel-nacional|editorial=Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente|fecha=16 de octubre de 2008|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> Le [[Consilio Europee]] de martio 2007 in [[Brussel]] approvava un plan energetic obligatori que include un retalio del 20% de su emmissiones de dioxido de carbono ante del anno 2000 e consumer plus energias renovabile pro que represente le 20% del consumo total del Union (contra le 7% in 2006).<ref name=planenergetico>{{Cita web| url = http://www.eu2007.de/fr/News/Press_Releases/March/0309BKBruessel.html | título = Accord historique sur la protection climatique | año = 2007 | obra = EU2007.DE | fechaacceso = 24/06/2007 | idioma = francés}}</ref> Pro altere parte il se stabliva le compromisso de lograr un quota minim de un 10% de biocombustible in le consumo total de gasolina e gasole de transporto in 2020.<ref name=planenergetico /> Le futuro reparto del esfortio de iste porcentaxe del 20% haveva in conta le specificidades energetic de cata stato. De plus, le UE compromete se a arivar usque un 30% in le recution de gases de effecto hivernadero in caso de compromiso international que involucre tanto a altere potentia como al nove paises industrialisate.<ref name=planenergetico /> === Medio ambiente === {{AP|Projecto LIFE|Red Natura 2000}} Le Union Europee conta con un del legislationes de ambiente plus severe del mundo, le qual se introduceva post de estar varie decadas studiante le principal problema ambiental existente in le Union.<ref name="Europa/Env" /> Le UE conta con le [[Agentia Europe de Ambiente]], que ha per mision facilitar al UE e al paises membros la toma de decisiones super le melioramento del ambiente, e coordinar le [[Rete Europee de information e observation del ambiente]].<ref>{{cita web|título=AEMA. Quiénes somos|url=http://www.eea.europa.eu/es/about-us/who|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente}}</ref> Le activitates prioritari in relation al ambiente enfoca se in le lucta contra le cambio climatic, mantiner le biodiversitate, reducir le problemas de salute derivate del contamiention e le uso del recursos natural de maniera plus responsabile.<ref name="Europa/Env" /> De site forma, lo que se perseque con iste politicas e sle protection del medio natural, de un maniera que se contribuiva al crescentia economic, impulsante le inivation e le empresa Le Union Europee ha poste in marchia trans un libro de medidas, un paquete ambiciose que marcava su proprie liderazgo in le preparation pro un accordo mundial. In iste sentido, se ha convertite in le prime potentia mundial que adopta scopos juridic vinculante de tal alcance in materia de clima e energia. Le prime compromiso que le paises membros ha acquirite ha essite le reduction de emissiones de gases de effecto de conservatorio calide in un 10%.<ref name="Europa/Env" /> [[File:Pic herriots pool.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Le [[Laco de Valle Chew]] de Anglaterra es un [[ZEPA]].]] Le [[Rete Natura 2000]] es un rete ecologic [[Europa|europe]] de areas de conservation del [[biodiversitate]].<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/index_en.htm| título = Natura 2000 network | año = 3/5/2010 | obra = Portal de la Comisión Europea | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | idioma = inglés}}</ref> Il consta de Zonas Spatial de Conservation designate de accordo con le [[Directiva Habitat]],<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31992L0043:ES:HTML| título = Directiva 92/43/CEE del Consejo, de 21 de mayo de 1992, relativa a la conservación de los hábitats naturales y de la fauna y flora silvestres | año = 21/5/1992 | obra = Portal de la Comisión Europea: El acceso al Derecho de la Unión Europea (EUR-Lex) | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> assi como de [[Zona de Special Protection pro le Aves]] (ZEPA) stablite in virtute del [[Directiva de Aves]].<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31979L0409:ES:HTML| título = Directiva 79/409/CEE del Consejo, de 2 de abril de 1979, relativa a la conservación de las aves silvestres | año = 2/4/1979 | obra = Portal de la Comisión Europea: El acceso al Derecho de la Unión Europea (EUR-Lex) | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Su finalitate es asecurar le superviventia a longe plazo del speties e le habitats plus menaciate de Europa, contribuinte a detener le pardita de biodiversitate pro le impacto adverse del activitates human. Il es principal instrumento pro le conservation del natura in le Union Europee.<ref name=rednatura>{{cita web|título=Red Natura 2000|url=http://www.lifelince.org/pagina.aspx?id=100|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Life Lince|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2012-01-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075525/http://lifelince.org/pagina.aspx?id=100}}</ref> Iste rete de spatios coherente se fundamenta in le politica de conservation del natura del Union europee secunde su Directiva de Habitat, que complementa le Directiva de Aves de [[1979]]. Le Rete Natura 2000 se creava trans le [[Directiva 92/43/CEE]] sur le conservation del habitat natural de fauna e flora silvestre (plus cognoscite como [[Directiva de Habitat]]), de [[21 de maio]] [[1992]]. Iste rete debe permitter alcanzar le scopos stablite per le [[Convenio re le Diversitate Biologic]], approvate in le [[Cumbre del Terra|Cumbre del Terra de Rio de Janeiro]] in 1992.<ref name=rednatura /> [[File:Wisent.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Bisonte europee]] in le [[Bosco de Białowieża]], Polonia.]] Le [[Projecto LIFE]] financia medidas que contribui al disveloppamento, le application e actualisation del politica e le legislation communitari de ambiente. Iste instrumento financiero pretende equalmente facilitar le integration del ambiente in le altere politicas e lograr un disveloppamento sostenibile in le Union Europee.<ref>{{cita web|título=LIFE: EL INSTRUMENTO FINANCIERO PARA EL MEDIO AMBIENTE|url=http://www.fundacionglobalnature.org/life.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Fundación Global Nature|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-28|archivedate=2011-09-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110908044106/http://www.fundacionglobalnature.org/life.html}}</ref><ref>{{cita web|título=LIFE Programme|url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> On lanciava le Projecto LIFE [[1992]], e ab [[1996]] consta de 3 componentes:<ref>{{cita web|título=The LIFE Programme|url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/about/index.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> * LIFE-Naturaleza: le finantiaition del [[rete Natura 2000]], spatios natural protegite europee, e de altere activitates de preservation e studio del biodiversitate in Europa; * LIFE-Ambiente: le finatiation de actiones innovator in le ambito del ambiente, tal como [[aqua potabile]], tratamento de residuos, etc.; * LIFE-Tertie paises: cle fondos create in le paises vecin del UE (principalemente del [[Mediterranee]]). Il consta del structuras necessari pro le disveloppamento del conservation del naturaleza in iste paises. Usque nunc ha habite quatro fases: * LIFE I de 1992 a [[1995]] que permitiva le financiation de 731 projectos; * LIFE II de 1996 a [[1999]], que completava le stablimento del tres componentes del programma "Natura, Ambiente e Tertie Paises"; * LIFE III de [[2000]] a [[2004]], prorrogate usque finales 2006; * LIFE+ desde [[2007]] hasta [[2013]], in vigor actualmente.<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/agriculture/environment/l28021_es.htm | título = Life +| año = 2007 | obra = Portal de la Unión Europea - 24 de junio de 2007 | fechaacceso = 24/06/2007 | }}</ref> == Demographia == {{AP|Demographia del Union Europee}} Le Union Europee occupa le 3tie posto in le ''ranking'' mundial de population,<ref>{{Cita web|título=¿Cuánta gente vive en la UE? | publicación=Portal de la Unión Europea| año=2007|url=http://europa.eu/abc/keyfigures/sizeandpopulation/howmany/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=25/6/2010}}</ref> con un total de 501&nbsp;105&nbsp;661 personas que se estima vivente in le UE in 2011<ref name=poblacion /> frente al 313&nbsp;232&nbsp;044 in [[Statos Unite]] e post China e India. == Cultura == {{AP|Cultura in le Union Europee}} [[File:Athens Acropolis.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Athenas]] era le prime [[Capital Europee del Cultura]].]] Le [[Tractato del Union Europee]] o [[Tractato de Maastricht]] donava recognoscentia official al dimension cultural del integration europee, al attribuir certe competentias (multe reducite) de action cultural al [[Communitate Europee]]. Secunde le Tractato, le Communitate Europee debe impulsar le culturas del statos membros, havente special attention in preservar le diversitate, mais ponente anque de manifesto le "patrimonio cultural commun".<ref>{{cita web|título=Síntesis de la legislación de la UE > Cultura|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/culture/index_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=europa.eu|cita=El Tratado de Maastricht (1993) ha hecho posible que la Unión Europea (UE) -históricamente orientada hacia la economía y el comercio- lleve a cabo acciones culturales para la salvaguardia, la difusión y el desarrollo de la cultura en Europa}}</ref> Super cultura, le Commission Europee dispone de un commissario que aggruppar in un sole cartera le education, le formation, le cultura e le juventute,<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/index_es.htm| título = Miembros de la Comisión Barroso (2010-2014) | año = 2010 | obra = Portal de la Unión Europea | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> sed non le multilinguismo. Un del projectos cultural le plus importante es le designation del [[Capital Europee del Cultura]].<ref>{{Cita web| url = http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/culture/l29014_es.htm| título = Capital Europea de la Cultura | año = 24/4/2007 | obra = Portal de la Unión Europea | fechaacceso = 25/06/2010 | }}</ref> Iste es un titulop conferite per le Commission e le Parlamento Europee a un o duo citates [[Europa|europee]], que durante un anno ha le possibilitate de monstrar su developpamento e su vita cultural. Alicun citates europee ha profitate iste desgination per tranformar completemente su structuras cultural e esser recognoscite in le ambito international. Quando un citate es nominate Capital Europee del Cultura, in illa se developpa tote typo de manifestationes artistic.<ref>{{cita web|título=European capital of culture|url=http://ec.europa.eu/culture/our-programmes-and-actions/doc413_en.htm#|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> Altere projecto cultural communitari es le [[Orchestra Juvene del Union Europee]]. In illa coincide musicos juvene con talento procedente del Union Europee juncto con proffesores recognoscite internationalemente pro conformar un orchestra renominate a scala international.<ref>{{Cita web |apellido=Breckenfield |nombre=Nick |título=European Union Youth Orchestra |editorial=classicalsource.com |url=http://www.classicalsource.com/db_control/db_concert_review.php?id=3651 |fechaacceso=15-01-2008 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2012-02-20 |archivedate=2020-07-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717125809/http://www.classicalsource.com/db_control/db_concert_review.php?id=3651 }}</ref><ref>{{Cita web |apellido=Van Gelder |nombre=Lawrence |título=Footlights |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9807E3D91639F931A2575BC0A96F958260 |editorial= The New York Times | fechaacceso = 15-01-2008|idioma=inglés}} </ref><ref>{{Cita web |título=UPS announces sponsorship of EU Youth Orchestra in time for the Proms! 2001 Press Release |url=http://www.ups.com/content/gb/en/about/news/2001_news/20010802engeuyosponsorship_n.html |idioma=inglés |fechaacceso=15-01-2008 |title=Archive copy |accessdate=2012-02-20 |archivedate=2008-03-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308053452/http://www.ups.com/content/gb/en/about/news/2001_news/20010802engeuyosponsorship_n.html }}</ref> === Education === [[File:Université Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne. Entrée du Centre Panthéon (1).JPG|thumb|left|Facultate de derecto del [[Universitate de Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonna]].]] Le Union Europee ha essite sempre cognoscite como un del zonas de plus grande prestigio educative e il es famose pro su projectos e pro su grande evolution e experientia e benque ha deficits in alicun de su characteristicas, il dedica multe sfortio economic e social pro que iste debilitates esse superate, super toto in paises que se ha cohesionate recentemente.<ref name=sistemaseducativosE /><ref>{{cita web|título=Educación Superior Europea|url=http://ec.europa.eu/education/study-in-europe/overview_es.html|fechaacceso=22 de enero de 2012|autor=Comisión Europea|cita=Europa cuenta con varios cientos de instituciones de educación superior que gozan de prestigio internacional como centros de excelencia}}</ref> Ancora tunc, il existe grande differentias de nivel cultural, social e moral inter le paises potential e developpate del Union respecte al menos developpate e incluso in alicun del paises ricos il ha niveles proffesional multe debil e contraproducente al schemas del Union.<ref name=sistemaseducativosE>{{cita web|título=Los sistemas educativos europeos ¿Crisis o transformación?|url=http://obrasocial.lacaixa.es/StaticFiles/StaticFiles/a84f7102892ef010VgnVCM1000000e8cf10aRCRD/es/es18_esp.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Obra Social La Caixa|obra=Colección Estudios Sociales|fecha=Noviembre de 2005|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-21|archivedate=2011-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005011750/http://obrasocial.lacaixa.es/StaticFiles/StaticFiles/a84f7102892ef010VgnVCM1000000e8cf10aRCRD/es/es18_esp.pdf}}</ref> In 1995, le Commission Europee publicava le ''[[Libro Blanco re le education e le formation]]''. In ille on explicava ampliamente le importantia de que le cives europee poteva reciper formation al longe de lor vita, lo que se cognosce como apprentissage permanente. Le scopo es mantener le competitivitate e combatter le exclusion social.<ref>{{cita web|título=WHITE PAPER ON EDUCATION AND TRAINING|url=http://europa.eu/documents/comm/white_papers/pdf/com95_590_en.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|fecha=1995|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> Colleginte iste idees, in 2000, le ''Memorandum re le apprentissage permanente'', documento de lavoro de servicios del [[Commission Europee]], convoca un debate europee pro facer realitate le apprentissage durante tote le vita a nivel individual e institutional.<ref>{{cita web|título=La educación y el aprendizaje permanente|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/other/c11047_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|fecha=30 de octubre de 2000}}</ref> Al final del memorandum, il plantea sex claves pro le strategia: garantir le accesso universal e continuo al apprentissage pro obtener e renovar le qualificationes del cives, augmentar le inversion in recursos human, crear methodos efficace pro le apprentissage permanente, valorar le apprentissage non formal e informal, assessorar e informar del opportunitates de apprentissage durante tote le vita e offrecer opportunitates proxime al apprentissage permanente.<ref>{{cita web|título=Memorándum sobre el aprendizaje permanente|url=http://ec.europa.eu/education/lifelong-learning-policy/doc/policy/memo_es.pdf|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|fecha=30 de octubre de 2000}}</ref> ==== Spatio Europee de Education Superior ==== {{AP|Spatio Europee de Education Seperior|Processo de Bologna}} [[File:Bolonga symbol.png|thumb|400px|right|Logo del [[Processo de Bologna]].]] [[Processo de Bologna]] es le nomine que recipe le processo iniciate a partir del [[Declaration de Bologna]],<ref>{{cita web|título=Proceso de Bolonia: creación del Espacio Europeo de Enseñanza Superior|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/education_training_youth/lifelong_learning/c11088_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Europa.eu|cita=La Declaración de Bolonia puso en marcha el proceso del mismo nombre}}</ref> acordo que in [[1999]] firmava le [[ministros de Education|ministros de education]] de diverse paises de Europa (tanto del UE que de altere paises como Russia o Turchia) in le citate [[italia]]n de [[Bologna]]. Il es un declaration conjuncte (le UE non ha competentias in materia de education)<ref>{{cita web|título=Declaración de Bolonia|url=http://www.educacion.gob.es/dctm/boloniaeees/documentos/02que/declaracion-bolonia.pdf?documentId=0901e72b8004aa6a|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Ministros y secretarios europeos|cita=Declaración conjunta de los Ministros Europeos de Educación}}</ref> que donava initio a un processo de convergentia que haveva como scopos facilitar le intercambio de titulatos e adaptar le contenito de studios universitaria al demandas del mercato.<ref>{{cita web|título=Proceso de Bolonia: creación del Espacio Europeo de Enseñanza Superior|url=http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/education_training_youth/lifelong_learning/c11088_es.htm|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Europa.eu|cita=Propone facilitar la convergencia de los distintos sistemas de enseñanza superior hacia sistemas más transparentes}}</ref> Le declaration de Bologna conduceva al creation del [[Spatio Europee de Education SUperior]], un ambito que servirea de marco de referentia al reformas educative que multe paises, los que incorporava a iste spatio, haberea de initiar in le prime annos del sceulo XXI.<ref>{{cita web|título=About the Bologna Process|url=http://www.ond.vlaanderen.be/hogeronderwijs/bologna/about/|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Secretariado de Bolonia|idioma=Inglés|cita=El objetivo general del proceso de Bolonia es la creación de un Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), basado en la cooperación internacional e intercambio académico que sea atractivo para los estudiantes europeos y personal, así como a estudiantes y personal de otras partes del mundo|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-23|archivedate=2012-02-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225093754/http://www.ond.vlaanderen.be/hogeronderwijs/bologna/about/}}</ref> Este acuerdo se enmarca dentro del Acuerdo General de Comercio de Servicios, firmado en 1995, y cuyo objetivo declarado es "liberalisar le comercio de servicios" a escala mundial (porque la OMC integra a 151 estados, incluyendo a toda la Unión Europea) pro introducer los in le mercado, ya que "la financiación pública es un elemento de distorsión de los mercados".<ref name=autogenerated2>{{Cite web |title=Le acuerdo general de comercio de servicios del OMC |url=http://www.stes.es/comunicacion/clarion/clarion13/EC13_050607.pdf |accessdate=2012-02-23 |archivedate=2009-12-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212141419/http://stes.es/comunicacion/clarion/clarion13/EC13_050607.pdf }}</ref> Pro multe sectores del societate, le Processo de Bologna va ultra lo firmate in Bologna,<ref name="bolonianoexiste">{{cita libro | coautores = Alfredo Almendro, Daniel Iraberri, Alejandro Merlo, Jacinto Morano, Rebeca Moreno, Manuel Muñoz Navarrete, Jorge Polo Blanco, Clara Serra y Clara Serrano García| editorial = hiru| otros = Luis Alegre y Víctor Moreno (coords.) Prólogo de Carlos Fernández Liria.| título = Bolonia no existe. La destrucción de la Universidad europea.| url = http://www.hiru-ed.com/COLECCIONES/SEDICIONES/Bolonia-no-existe.htm| edición = 1ª| fecha = 17| año = 2009| mes = mayo| ubicación = Madrid| páginas = 166}}</ref> comprenhendente aspectos relative a tote le reformation universitari que se considera importante, specialmente aquilolos referite al financiation del [[universitate public]],<ref name="fer">{{cita web|apellido=Fernández Liria|nombre=Carlos|título=Golpe de estado a la Academia.|editorial=Público.es|fechaacceso=17 de mayo|año=2009|url=http://blogs.publico.es/dominiopublico/416/golpe-de-estado-en-la-academia/|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-23|archivedate=2012-01-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124000958/http://blogs.publico.es/dominiopublico/416/golpe-de-estado-en-la-academia/}}</ref> e conta con multe detractores e oppositores.<ref name="27%">{{cita web|1=|título=Un 29% de los españoles no apoya el proceso de Bolonia, el doble de los que lo respaldan|año=2009|editorial=Ibercampu.es|ID=|url=http://www.ibercampus.es/articulos.asp?idarticulo=9563|fechaacceso=1-4-2009|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-23|archivedate=2011-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006053213/http://www.ibercampus.es/articulos.asp?idarticulo=9563}}</ref> ==== Programmas educative ==== {{AP|Programma Erasmus|Programa Socrates|Programa Leonardo da Vinci}} Le programmas educative europee plus importante es Comenius, in le mabito scholar, Leonardo da Vinci, pro le formation professional, [[programma Erasmus]], pro le ensinamento universitari e Grundvig, pro le ensimaneto de adultos.<ref>{{cita web|título=Programa de aprendizaje permanente|url=http://www.oapee.es/oapee/inicio/pap.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=APEE|cita=El Programa de aprendizaje permanente comprende cuatro programas [...]: Programa Comenius, [...] Programa Erasmus, [...] Programa Leonardo da Vinci, [...] y Programa Grundtvig.|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-02-23|archivedate=2011-09-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902152606/http://www.oapee.es/oapee/inicio/pap.html}}</ref><ref>[http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/es/cha/c11082.htm Programa de aprendizaje permanente 2007-2013] Unión Europea</ref> Le [[programma eLearning]] promove le integration effective del [[TIC|technologias del information e le communication]] (TIC) in le [[Systema educative|sistemas de education]] e formation in le UE.<ref name=eLearning>{{cita web|título=eLearning programa|url=http://ec.europa.eu/education/programmes/elearning/programme_es.html|fechaacceso=13 de septiembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea}}</ref> Le linea le plus importante de iste programma es le iniciativa eTwinning, que pone a disposition del centros scholar un [[portal de internet]] con utensiles e supporto pro facilitar le realisation de projectos de '''hermanamiento/twinning''' inter centros de differente paises.<ref name=eLearning /> Le utensiles de eTwinning permitte al proffesores de tote le materias disveloppar projectos pedagogic commun, compartir experientias e recursos didactic e introducer le dimension europee in le aula. Le alumnos ha le opportunitate de aprender de e con lor companieros de altere paises, de practicar linguas e de disveloppar habilitates rilate con le TIC.<ref name=eLearning /> === Linguas === Inter le multe linguas e dialectos del Union Europee, illo ha 23 official. Le documentos importante, como le legislation, es traducite a tote le linguas official. Le Parlamento Europee provide traduction a tote le linguas per documentos e su sessiones plenari. In le statos membros utilisa se, de plus del 24 linguas signalate, un 60 linguas plus, 30 coofficial sole in parte dle territorio o non official (linguas regional e minoritari). Un del politicas clave del UE es la de promover le aprentissage pro tote le cives de duo linguas a parte de su lingua materne. LE scopo non es sole facilitar le communication inter cives, sine anque fomentar un major tolerantia verso le alteres e un respecto pro le diversitate cultural e linguistic del Union. Varie programmas de cooperation promove le apprentissage de linguas e le diversitate linguistic durante, pro exemplo, intercambios scholar, le disveloppamento de nove methodos, o becas pro le proffesorate de linguas. DE alicun maniera de isto parla le motto "unitate in le diversitate" ([[latino]]: «In varietate concordia»). ==== Interlingua in le UE ==== Interlingua es un lingua neutral e illo es un multe bon aliantia del equalitate del linguas e cives europee. Interlingua pote esser un lingua de trabalio in le institutiones europee e anque un lingua international pro adjutar al communication inter le cives europee, como era le latino in le Antiquitate. === Religion === {{AP|Religion in le Union Europee}} Secunde un studio del Commission Europe in [[2005]], quatro de cata cinque cives del Union Europee ha credentias religiose o spiritual. Plus concrete, le 52% del population afirma creder in le existentia de [[Deo]] e un 27% crede in le existentia de alicun clase de spirito o fortia vital. Solo le 18% del cives declarava non haver necun typo de credentia religiose.<ref>{{cita web|título=Social values, Science and Technology|url=http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_225_report_en.pdf|fechaacceso=10 de diciembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|fecha=Junio de 2005|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> Del 27 statos del Union Europee, jucnto con Croatia (que entrara le 1 de julio 2013) assi como le statos in negotiationes de adhesion ([[Turchia]], [[Macedonia del Nord]], [[Islanda]] e [[Montenegro]]), axiste alicund differentias inter su cives per motivos religiose. In genral, le majoritate del cives europee que ha un religion es chritian, in alicun del diffente brancas (catholic, protestante o orthodioxe). Assi, durante que in alicun paises como Italia, Espania, Francia o Irlanda predomina le catholicismo, in altere como Svedia o Danmark predomina le protestantismo,<ref>{{cita web|título=Facts about the Church of Sweden|url=http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=657773|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|idioma=Inglés|cita=Suecia tiene al menos 9 millones de habitantes, y en 2009 el 71,3 por ciento de ellos eran miembros de la Iglesia de Suecia.|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-03-01|archivedate=2011-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124161254/http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=657773}}</ref> e in altere como Grecia o Romania le orthodoxismo.<ref>{{cita web|título=The Word Factbook - Europe: Greece|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CIA|idioma=inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-03-01|archivedate=2016-08-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160825033157/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html}}</ref> Asimismo, in altere paises como Turchia, le islam<ref name=religionturquia>{{cita web|título=The Word Factbook - Middle east: Turkey|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CIA|idioma=Inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-03-01|archivedate=2016-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827033850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html}}</ref> es majoritari. De plus, le porcentage de agnosticos e atheos in le statos del UE varia secunde le stato in que se trova. Secunde le ultime barometros, durante que sole le 2% del turchos<ref name=religionturquia /> e malteses<ref>{{cita web|título=The Word Factbook - Europe: Malta|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mt.html|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011|autor=CIA|idioma=Inglés|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-03-01|archivedate=2015-10-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016010540/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mt.html}}</ref> non crede in le existentia de deo, in Espania, le 24% del population declara se non credente o athea<ref>{{cita publicación|título=2909 BARÓMETRO JULIO 2011|fecha=Julio de 2011|año=2011|url=http://www.cis.es/cis/opencms/-Archivos/Marginales/2900_2919/2909/Es2909.pdf|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> e in Francia inter le 30-35%.<ref>{{Cita web | autor= Catholic World News | año= 2003 | url= http://www.cwnews.com/news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=48547 | título= France is no longer Catholic, survey shows | fechaacceso= 12 de septiembre 2011 |idioma=inglés}}</ref> Le paises con prcentage plus alte de atheismo o agnosticismo es le Republica Chec (60%)<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Benedicto XVI, en el centro del ateísmo militante en Europa|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/09/26/internacional/1253957233.html|editorial=El Mundo|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> e Estonia (76%).<ref>{{cita noticia|título=Estonia, el país "menos religioso" del mundo|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/mundo/noticias/2011/08/110829_estonia_religion_espiritualidad.shtml|editorial=BBC|fechaacceso=12 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> In le conjuncto del UE, secunde un eurobarometro de 2006, le 46% del cives europee considera que le religion occupa un posto multe importante in le societate. Assi, inter le paises ubi le religion haverea un plus grande importantia pro le population se trova [[Cypro]], [[Italia]], [[Malta]], [[Slovachia]], [[Slovenia]], [[Polonia]], [[Portugal]] e [[Espania]], in iste oridne.<ref>{{cita web|título=EUROBAROMETER 66|url=http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb66/eb66_highlights_en.pdf|fechaacceso=10 de diciembre de 2011|autor=Comisión Europea|fecha=Diciembre de 2006|idioma=Inglés}}</ref> [[File:Marble Church front.jpg|thumb|left|120px|[[Iglesia de Mármol]] de [[Copenhague]].]] Inter le paises membros del Union Europee se trova casos, como [[Danmark]] ubi existe un religion de character statal.<ref>{{cita web|título=Información sobre Dinamarca > La Religion|url=http://www.ambmadrid.um.dk/es/menu/informacionsobredinamarca/LaReligion/|fechaacceso=28 de octubre de 2011|autor=Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de Dinamarca|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2012-03-01|archivedate=2011-12-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217005952/http://www.ambmadrid.um.dk/es/menu/informacionsobredinamarca/LaReligion/}}</ref> Le aconfesionalitate del stato non es pro tanto un requisito pro entrar in le Union Europee (essente iste aspecto interne de cata pais) ma si que se garante le libertate religiose pro qualcunque credo, secunde recognosce le Carta del Derectos Fundamental:<ref>{{cita web|título=Carta de Derechos Fundamentales|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2010:083:0389:0403:ES:PDF|fechaacceso=17 de septiembre de 2011}}</ref> {{Cita|Tote persona ha derecto al libertate de pensamento, de conscientia e de religion. Iste derecto implica le libertate de cambiar de religion o de convictiones, assi como le libertate de manifestar su religion o su convictiones individual o colectivamente, in publico o private, trans le culto, le ensinantia, le practicas e le observantia del ritos.|Articulo 10.1 ''Darta de Derectos Fundamental''}} === Sport === [[File:Beginning Arsenal Sevilla.jpg|thumb|Partito del UEFA-Champions League.]] Le sport es principalmente un responsabilitate del distincte statos membros o de altere organisationes international. Nonobstante, alicun politicas del UE ha havite un impacto super le sport, tal como le libere circulation de laboratores, trans le [[sententia Bosman]] que prohibi al ligas national de football le imposition de quotas a jocatores estranie con derecto del cive europee.<ref name="BBC Boseman">{{cita publicación|apellido=Fordyce|nombre=Tom|título=10&nbsp;years since Bosman|editorial=BBC News|fecha=11 de julio de 2007|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/4528732.stm|fechaacceso=13 de julio de 2007}}</ref> In le marco del Tractato de Lisbona se ha proposte un statuto spetial pro le sportes, le qual eximira a iste sector de grande partes del regulas economic del Ue. Dum le formulation del politica de sportes del UE, varie associationes sportive europee era consultate, includite le [[FIBA]], le [[UEFA]], le [[Federation Europee de Handball]], le [[Federation International de Hockey sur gelo]], le [[Fira – Association de Rugby europee|FIRA]] e le [[Confederation europee de Volleyball]].<ref>{{cita web|título=Statement of European team sports|editorial=UEFA.com|fecha=19 de octubre de 2007|url=http://www.uefa.com/multimediafiles/download/uefa/keytopics/560675_download.pdf|formato=PDF|fechaacceso=21 de octubre de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> Tote le statos membros del UE e su respective associationes national de sport pote participar in le organisationes sportive europee como le UEFA.<ref>{{cita web|título=UEFA|editorial=UEFA.com|fecha=19 de octubre de 2007|url=http://www.uefa.com/|fechaacceso=21 de octubre de 2007|idioma=inglés}}</ref> == Vide etiam == * [[Lista de paises in le Union Europee per area geographic]] {{refer}} == Ligamines externe == * [http://euabc.com EUABC] - dictionario in linea del UE, include "Constitution del UE amical pro lectores" (in linguas europee, omnes pote contribuer) * {{ia}} [http://www.interlingua.com/e-libros-tractato Le Constitution del UE in Interlingua] * [http://www.europedia.moussis.eu Europedia: Guide to European policies and legislation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016211903/http://www.europedia.moussis.eu/ |date=2018-10-16 }} * [http://euobserver.com EUobserver] - observante le UE, novas, commentarios, fontes, littera de novas per e-posta (in anglese) * {{ia}} [http://www.freewebs.com/interlingua-ue/ Information super le Union Europee] * {{ia}} [http://www.interlingua.com/vetule/europa/ Tribuna de Europa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203035900/http://www.interlingua.com/vetule/europa/ |date=2012-02-03 }} {{UE}} {{Union Europee}} [[Categoria:Union Europee]] [[Categoria:Organisationes europee]] [[Categoria:Laureatos del Premio Nobel del Pace]] gigwoifm15zx9ubz4n9tvdtdqvqatv3 Birmania 0 7618 696250 694607 2026-03-31T18:39:09Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |native_name = [[File:Myanmar long form.svg|235px]]<br />''Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw'' |conventional_long_name =Republica del Union de Myanmar |common_name = Birmania |image_flag = Flag of Myanmar.svg |image_coat = Variant of the State seal of Myanmar (2011-2025).svg |symbol_type = Sigillo statal |image_map = Myanmar in its region.svg |map_caption = Situation de Birmania <small>(verde)</small> in le [[Association de Nationes del Asia del Sud-Est]] <small>(gris obscur)</small> |capital = [[Naypyidaw]]¹ |national_anthem = ''Kaba Ma Kyei'' |official_languages = [[lingua birman|birman]] |regional_languages = [[lingua jingpho|jingpho]], [[lingua kayah|kayah]], [[lingua karen|karen]]]], [[lingua chin|chin]], [[lingua mon|mon]], [[lingua rakhine|rakhine]], [[lingua shan|shan]] |demonym = birman |largest_city = [[Yangon]] (Rangoon) |latd=19 |latm=45 |latNS=N |longd=96 |longm=6 |longEW=E |government_type = dictatura militari |leader_title1 = Presidente del Consilio del Stato pro Pace e Disveloppamento |leader_name1 = [[Than Shwe]] |leader_title2 = Vice Presidente del Consilio del Stato pro Pace e Disveloppamento |leader_name2 = [[Maung Aye]] |leader_title3 = Prime Ministro |leader_name3 = [[Thein Sein]] |sovereignty_type = Formation |established_event1 = Dynastia bagan |established_date1 = 23 de decembre 849 |established_event2 = Dynastia taungoo |established_date2 = 16 de october 1510 |established_event3 = Dynastia konbaung |established_date3 = 21 de martio 1752 |established_event4 = [[Independentia]] |established_date4 = 4 de januario 1948 (ab le [[Regno Unite]]) |established_event5=Colpe de stato |established_date5=2 de martio 1962 |area_rank = 40e |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |area_km2 = 676578 |percent_water = 3,06 |population_estimate = 50020000 |population_estimate_year = 2009<ref name=unpop>{{cite journal | url=http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf | title=World Population Prospects, Table A.1| version=2008 revision | format=PDF | publisher=Organisation del Nationes Unite | author=Departimento de Affaires Economic e Social, Division pro Population | year=2009 | accessdate= 12 de martio 2009}} {{en}}</ref> |population_estimate_rank = 24e |population_census = 33234000 |population_census_year = 1983 |population_density_km2 = 73.9 |population_density_rank = 119e |GDP_PPP_year = 2009 |GDP_PPP = $71&nbsp;772 million<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2007&ey=2010&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=518&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=48&pr.y=14 |title=Burma (Myanmar) |publisher=Fundo Monetari International | date=octobre 2010}} {{en}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_rank = |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $1&nbsp;197<ref name=imf2/> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = |GDP_nominal = $34&nbsp;262 million<ref name=imf2/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2009 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $571<ref name=imf2/> |HDI_year = 2010 <!-- Please use the year that the data refers and not the publication year--> |HDI = {{decrease}} 0,451<ref name="UN">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2010|year=2010|publisher=Organisation del Nationes Unite |accessdate=5 de novembre 2010}} {{en}}</ref> |HDI_rank = 132e |HDI_category =<span style="color:#e0584e;">basse</span> |currency = [[kyat]] (K) |currency_code = mmK |time_zone = [[Myanmar Standard Time|MST]] |utc_offset = +6:30 |cctld = [[.mm]] |calling_code = 95 |footnote1 = Alcun governamentos recognosce ancora [[Yangon|Rangoon]] como le capital national.<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html CIA - The World Factbook - Burma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612210649/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html |date=2007-06-12 }} {{en}}</ref> |footnote2 = Estimationes considera le effectos del [[SIDA]]. }} '''Birmania'''{{linfo}} o '''Myanmar''', officialmente cognite como le '''Republica del Union de Myanmar''', es un pais in [[Asia del Sud-Est]]. Birmania ha frontieras con [[Bangladesh]] e [[India]] in le west, [[China]] in le nord e est, e [[Laos]] e [[Thailandia]] in le sud. Le capital de Birmania esseva [[Yangon]] (antea orthographiate ''[[Rangoon]]'') usque 2005, quando le junta militar lo displaciava a un sito alora non habitate, [[Naypyidaw]] (Nepido). Le fortias armate ha controlate Birmania sin longe interruption depois un colpo de stato in 1962 contra le governamento civil de [[U Nu]]. Le general [[Than Shwe]], presidente del Consilio del Stato pro Pace e Disveloppamento, continua a dominar le stato malgrado le adoption de un nove constitution in 2008 e electiones in 2010. Al cruciata del civilisationes [[india]]n e [[China|chinese]], Birmania ha disveloppate un cultura distinctive multo influentiate per iste vicinos. Le [[buddhismo]] [[theravada]] ha jocate un rolo central in le arte, architectura, litteratura e mores del pais. Le communitate majoritari es de [[lingua birman]], ma multe altere gruppos ethnic habita le pais, super toto in le regiones montaniose e litoral. Le populos [[kachin]], [[kayah]], [[kayin]], [[chin]], [[mon]], [[rakhine]] e [[shan]] possede lor proprie statos intra le union; populationes chinese, indian e [[rohingya]] son alsi relativemente numerose. Relationes interethnic son tense e a vices violente; il ha plure insurgentias de character nationalista. Birmania habeva devenite integremente un colonia de [[Grande Britannia]] in 1886, quando le britannos lo annexava al India britannic. Le birmanos resisteva al insensitivitates cultural de lor colonisatores (pro exemplo, britannos refusava remover lor [[scarpa]]s quando visitava templos buddhista) e le influxo de immigrantes indian. In 1930, le [[monacho]] U Wisara moriva in prision post un jejuno politic de 166 dies. Birmania deveniva un colonia separate de India in 1937. Nationalistas sub le commando de [[Aung San]] formava le Armea del Independentia de Birmania in 1940; iste combatteva initialmente pro [[Japon]] durante le [[Secunde Guerra Mundial]], quando Birmania esseva un theatro de combatto importante. Japoneses e nationalistas birman occupava le capital, Rangoon, desde martio 1942. Le armea national birman se revoltava contra le japoneses in martio 1945 e cooperava con le britannos pro liberar le pais. Birmania ganiava su independentia in [[1948]], cinque menses post India e [[Pakistan]]. Le birman [[U Thant]] serviva como Secretario General del [[ONU]] inter 1961 e 1971, ganiante respecto pro su rolo pacificatori in [[Cuba]], [[Congo]], [[Vietnam]], e alterubi. Le governamento civil de U Nu, un associato de U Thant, esseva subverse per le general [[Ne Win]] in 1962. Ne Win promoveva un «via birman al [[socialismo]]»; su partito (le Partito del Programma Socialista Birman) esseva le unic tolerate de 1964 usque 1988. Le refusa del governamento de render homage a U Thant quando iste moriva in 1974 provocava protestos contra le junta. In le «insurgentia 8888», comenciate le 8 de augusto 1988, multe protestatores exigeva reformas democratic e economic; le militares reprimeva iste protestos, ma un nove general, [[Saw Maung]], prendeva le controlo. Iste permitteva electiones in 1990, que esseva ganiate per le [[Liga National pro le Democratia]] directe per [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]. Le junta refusava ceder le poter, e depois 1992 le pais es regulate per le general [[Than Shwe]]. == Referentias == <references /> == Ligamines externe == {{commonscat|Myanmar}} * [http://www.burmalibrary.org BurmaLibrary.org] * [http://www.ncgub.net www.ncgub.net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909080518/http://ncgub.net/ |date=2015-09-09 }} * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burma CIA World Factbook entry] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210110119/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/burma/ |date=2023-12-10 }} * [http://www.myanmar-travelnet.com Myanmar Travelnet - Myanmar´s Online Guide and Forum for Independent Travellers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517215929/http://myanmar-travelnet.com/ |date=2014-05-17 }} {{Paises de Asia}} {{elem|paises del mundo}} [[Categoria:Birmania| ]] 9xy4nvvkqzz9pjbdityzewqre4u4puw Interlingua e esperanto comparate 0 30972 696252 689190 2026-03-31T23:26:54Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696252 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Interlingua]] e [[esperanto]] es duo [[Lingua artificial|linguas artificial]] que ha adoptate punctos de vista multo distincte pro le problema de elaborar un [[lingua auxiliar international]]. Malgrado que le duo linguas ha essite classificate como linguas auxiliar, le bases intellectual de interlingua e esperanto es multo distincte. On ha argumentate que cata lingua es un application successose de un modello particular de lingua auxiliar. Nonobstante, in ambe communitates linguistic il existe un tradition polemic de utilisation de criterios externe pro criticar le altere lingua (isto es: judicar interlingua per le ideales de esperanto e vice versa): In le practica, alteremente, le uso del lingua in le duo communitates a vices ha demonstrate incontrar ideales commun, malgrado que ambe linguas es theoricamente distincte. == Base intellectual == On non pote dicer que omne le interlinguistas o esperantistas ha le mesme puncto de vista, ma illes ha essite influentiate del punctos de vista de [[Alexander Gode]] e [[L. L. Zamenhof]]. Zamenhof, le creator de esperanto, era motivate per plure motivos del idealismo del seculo 19. Isto include ideales como le [[Positivismo]] e anque le [[Internationalismo]] utopic. Esperanto, secundo le opinion de Zamenhof, esseva un instrumento theoricamente neutral pro le communication, e isto poterea functionar como un vehiculo pro le valores del idealismo. Initialmente le philosophia de Zamenhof era le [[Homanarismo]]; iste philosophia postea se disveloppava al "idea interne" de esperanto. Iste idea interne probava attinger le fraternitate e le justitia inter omne le populos del mundo per le adoption de esperanto como secunde lingua de omnes. Mesmo si le "homanarismo" non habeva successo, le philosophia ha reinfortiate un serie de propositiones super le lingua: * Le character europee de esperanto es purmente accidental, nonobstante alicun characteristicas de esperanto (e anque de alcun altere linguas occidental) pote incontrar se in paises non-occidental. * Esperanto es, idealmente, le secundo lingua de omnes, reimplaciante tote le alteres linguas de communication interethnic; le argumentos pro-esperanto ha le tendentia de assumer un situation futur in le qual esperanto es usate in locos ubi le [[Lingua anglese|anglese]] es usate actualmente. * Il existe un rivalitate inter duo philosophias esperantistic, le "finvenkismo" que predice le victoria final ("fina venko") de esperanto, e le "raŭmismo" (a causa del manifesto decidite in le citate finnese Rauma in [[1980]]) que considera que le victoria final es un scopo multo distante e que esperanto sia usate in su ambiente cultural, in que illo functiona. * Esperanto es un vehiculo pro un ideologia internationalistic e humanistic specific. * Le creation de un cultura interna de esperanto es un valor importante pro multe esperantistas. In le seculo 20, quando Gode dirigeva le disveloppamento de interlingua, le ideales qui defendeva esperanto pareva naive, influentiate de [[Johann Gottfried Herder|Herder]]. Gode proponeva un vision romantic-antipositivista del linguage: :''Le linguas es un aspecto cultural de un populo, non es un instrumento pro attinger un objectivo, un ideologia non pote esser ligate a un lingua, excepte de maniera artificial.'' Isto implicava, desde su puncto de vista, que un lingua universal basate in le modello de esperanto era impossibile, o pejor, que iste scopo solmente poterea attinger se per le oppression dictatorial, Gode habeva le opinion que un lingua universal mundial solmente poterea attinger se per le fortia, e ille opinava que un lingua universal supponerea un cultura universal, le qual actualmente non existe e que non es necessarimente desirabile. Alteremente, Gode pensava que un altere typo de lingua international, non universal e non culturalmente neutre, esseva multo possibile. == Accostamento de creation == Interlingua e esperanto es duo linguas fundamentalmente differente in lor propositos. Intertanto que esperanto es pensate como un secunde lingua international capabile de esser apprendite facilemente pro le parlatores de ulle lingua, interlingua es dirigite plus al parlatores de linguas europee, specialmente al parlatores de lor linguas de controlo, ben que esperanto pote esser plus neutral e facile a apprender, le esperantistas generalmente solmente pote communicar se con altere esperantistas. Malgrado que dominar interlingua pote esser un pauco plus difficile, illo es ben comprendite del parlatores de linguas romanic, e anque de personas sufficientemente educate qui es parlatores de altere linguas europee, specialmente anglese. Esperanto intende esser completemente logic e evitar le irregularitates de linguas natural in tote aspectos. Cata littera del orthographia representa un sono singule e separate. Tote numeros obseque un patrono, e tote verbos es regular (e ha le mesme conjugation). Interlingua intende parer naturalistic e tolera irregularitate infrequente, inclusive in le orthographia, le numeros e alcun verbos frequente. Verbos regular obseque tres patronos con parve differentias, dependente del suffixo del infinitivo. Nonobstante, interlingua ha minus de irregularitates que linguas natural. == Vocabulario == Le vocabulario de ambe linguas es prendite in multe grado del linguas [[linguas romanic|romanic]], [[linguas germanic|germanic]] e [[linguas slave|slave]], le plus parte de iste parolas se deriva del [[Lingua latin|latino]]. Dependente, si un parola germanic o slave es sufficientemente international, illo pote esser latinisate in interlingua, per exemplo, le parola anglese ''blockade'', [[lingua german|german]] ''blockade'', [[Lingua russe|russe]] ''блокада'' → Interlingua: ''blocada''. In comparation, esperanto adapta tote le parolas al forma characteristic del lingua. In iste caso, le parola '''blocada''' in interlingua e '''blokado''' in esperanto, es multo similar. Ben que esperanto e interlingua prende multes de lor parolas del linguas europee, illos anque ha prendite parolas de altere linguas que es de uso international. Duo philosophias differente ha resultate in duo differente punctos de vista. Interlingua prefere l'''e fidelitate etymologic'''; pro isto sovente illo adopta le parola que es le "ancestre plus proxime" del parolas in lor linguas de controlo (considerante espaniol e portugese como un sol unitate linguistic). Esperanto prefere le regularitate, pro isto illo non considera le forma del parolas in le linguas europee sed adapta le forma del parolas secundo le morphologia de esperanto e lor orthographia phonetic. Per exemplo, in interlingua on dice le geisha (del japonese 芸 者), le sheik (del arabe شيخ), e kayak (del inuit ᖃᔭᖅ), alteremente in esperanto iste parolas se scribe ''gejŝo'', ''ŝejko'' e ''kajako'', respectivemente. In esperanto, pro formar un nove parola, on prefere generalmente componer lo de duo o plus radices jam existente in vice de adoptar un parola de un altere lingua. Isto es facite pro mantener le numero de "radices primitive" in un quantitate basse e de iste maniera evitar le reduction de lor capabile de apprentissage. Interlingua non usa iste methodo pro le creation de nove parolas, pro isto le plus grande amonta de parolas in interlingua, tanto parolas "primitive" como tamben composite, existe anque in lor linguas de controlo. == Grammatica e creation de parolas == Ambe linguas ha un grammatica multo regular, sin conjugationes difficile o declinationes. Nonobstante Interlingua non ha adjectivos de accordo ni suffixos o terminationes. Isto face le structura de lor substantivos e adjectivos morphologicamente simple. Interlingua basa su radices sur alicun "linguas de controlo": [[Lingua francese|francese]], [[Lingua italian|italiano]], [[Lingua espaniol|espaniol]], [[Lingua portugese|portugese]], anglese, germano e russo. Illo utilisa iste linguas como un medio pro selectionar le parolas plus usate de iste linguas europee. Esperanto es basate in grande parte in le mesme linguas, sed utilisa multo plus sovente le agglutination. In vice de utilisar un parola existente de uso commun inter le principal linguas europee, esperanto forma su proprie parolas, utilisante le radices jam existente. Per exemplo, le parola "hospital" in esperanto pote scriber se como '''mal·san·ul·ej·o''' , le qual divide se in cinque radices: mal ("contrario"), san (le sanitate), ul (persona), ej (loco), o (substantivo). Interlingua tende a utilisar le parolas derivate del linguas natural in loco de usar le agglutination. Le sequente tabula illustra le differentia inter interlingua e esperanto con respecto al formation de parolas: {| | '''Esperanto''' | '''Interlingua''' |- | '''san'''a | san |- | '''san'''o | sanitate |- | mal'''san'''a | malade |- | mal'''san'''o | maladia |- | mal'''san'''ulejo | hospital |- | '''san'''iĝi | recovrar |- | '''san'''igi | curar |- | mal'''san'''iĝi |cader malade |} Pro le lector qui parla un lingua romanic o germanic (como anglese o germano), le parolas in le columna de interlingua es probabilemente plus recognoscibile que le parolas in le columna de esperanto. Tamen, le parlatores de linguas que non ha parolas similar in le columna de interlingua, debera apprender tote le parolas un post altere. Le parolas de esperanto, contrarimente, esserea plus facile a usar pro lor systema de derivation de parolas. Iste puncto es le differentia fundamental inter interlingua e esperanto: Le prime era planate pro esser facile de comprender per le parlatores de linguas europee, malgrado que le secunde esseva planate a fin que le personas (de ulle nationalitate) apprende a parlar lo con plus de facilitate. (Nonobstante interlingua ha un systema multo plus regular pro le creation de nove parolas que multe altere linguas natural.) Frequentemente, le parolas europee in le qual es basate interlingua es de uso commun in paises con linguas non-occidental. [[Hospital]], per exemplo, appare in le linguas celtic como le [[Lingua irlandese|irlandese]], [[gaelico scotese|scotese]], [[Lingua mannese|manese]], e le [[Lingua britone| britone]]; in linguas germanic como le [[nederlandese]], [[danese]] e le [[afrikaans]], e linguas slave, como le [[ukrainiano]] e [[Lingua polonese|polonese]]; Linguas [[Linguas indoaryan|indoaryan]] como le [[hindi]], le [[urdu]] e [[Lingua bengali|bengali]] e in multo plus de linguas, includite alicun linguas isolate, como le [[papiamento]], le [[Lingua albanese|albanese]], e le [[Lingua basc|euskera]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Webster's Online Dictionary |url=http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/hospital |accessdate=2013-03-19 |archivedate=2007-09-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930205330/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/hospital }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Logos dictionary |url=http://www.logosdictionary.org/pls/dictionary/new_dictionary.gdic.st?phrase_code=945582 |accessdate=2013-03-19 |archivedate=2008-03-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309221333/http://www.logosdictionary.org/pls/dictionary/new_dictionary.gdic.st?phrase_code=945582 }}</ref>. In esperanto, le parola "Hospital" anque existe como ''Hospitalo'' e ha le mesme significate de ''Malsanulejo''. Alicun interlinguistas affirma, a occasiones, que le systema de esperanto de formation de nove parolas a vices causa ambiguitate. Le parola composite in esperanto ''mal-san-ul-ej-o'', literalmente, "contrario-salutabile-persona-loco-cosa", implica que isto es un loco pro le personas qui non es san. Le parola significa "Hospital", ma le composite poterea esser interpretate como un loco ubi un persona non es san. Le parolas non.composite de interlingua, malgrado possibilemente minus neutral, evita iste typo malintentionate. (Dependente del parlator e audientia, in esperanto tamben se pote utilisar un parola differente pro "hospital", como ''hospitalo, kliniko, lazareto, preventorio'' o ''sanatorio''.)''. == Orthographia == Le orthographia de esperanto es inspirate in le orthographia del [[linguas romanic]] e slave. Interlingua, contrarimente, utilisa un orthographia basate sur le linguas romanic, germanic e slave que es su linguas de controlo. Pro isto, le orthographia de interlingua es multo plus extense que le orthographia de esperanto. Isto causa a vices un uso favorabile del linguas romanic e del anglese; de tote manieras, le resultato es un poco minus phonetic ma anque plus recognoscibile pro le parlatores de iste linguas. Per exemplo, in esperanto ''kontakto'' e in interlingua ''contacto'' significa le mesme cosa e se pronuncia equal, sed illo se scribe de maniera differente, proque le orthographia de esperanto es plus simple: un sono – un littera. Interlingua alcun vices se apparta de iste regula, super toto proque le litteras "c" e "g" ha le mesme sonos dur e blande. Iste detalios face un pauco plus difficile apprender lo e parlar lo pro personas qui non es familiarisate con le linguas romanic e anglese, sed al mesme tempore le lingua es multo plus facile a leger e comprender pro parlatores de iste linguas o de linguas influentiate de illos. Le uso del [[Signo diacritic|signos diacritic]] in esperanto (Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ, Ŭ) historicamente ha difficultate le scriptura in le machinas a scriber standard e in le computatores plus ancian, ma actualmente, proque le supporto de [[Unicode]] es multo plus frequente, iste problema practicamente ha disparite. Interlingua solmente usa le alphabeto latin basic, sin signos diacritic. == Expressivitate == Le usatores de interlingua face notar que le lingua non solmente conserva le aspecto natural del linguas occidental, ma anque su ric tresor linguistic e significatos subtil. Interlingua flue regularmente del linguas romanic, germanic e slave sur le quales illo es basate, ergo interlingua ha le expressivitate de iste linguas. Le partisanos de esperanto dice que, pro lor uso liberal del affixos e pro lor flexibilitate in le ordine del parolas, esperanto es tanto expressive como interlingua o ulle altere lingua natural, sed internationalmente plus neutral. == Numero de parlatores == Multe parlatores de esperanto affirma que lor lingua es le unic lingua construite dum le seculo passate que ha plus de alicun milles de parlatores. Solmente un altere lingua artificial attingeva iste record: [[Volapük]], qui supponibilemente haveva 200.000 parlatores in [[1890]]. Tamen non existe un [[censo]] realisate con le sufficiente rigor. Le parlatores del lingua de Zamenhof sovente dice que le population de parlatores es inter 100.000 e 3 milliones. Le numero de parlatores de interlingua es estimate inter in pauc centos e 1.500, ma omne le parlatores de un lingua romanic es capabile comprender lo. Le numero ver de parlatores de un lingua artificial es multo difficile a mesurar, proque illo non es restringite a un area territorial, e isto face practicamente impossibile contar los, e anque proque il es difficile establir con sufficiente precision que es lo que face un persona un parlator de un lingua construite. Esperanto es le unic lingua artificial que ha parlatores native, secundo [[Ethnologue]]<ref>[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=epo Ethnologue report for language code:epo]</ref>; le numero de parlatores native de esperanto esserea inter 200 e 2.000. == Textos comparative == === Declaration Universal del Derectos Human === Iste es le prime articulo del [[Declaration Universal del Derectos Human]] in ambe linguas: {| || '''Version in esperanto:''' :''Universala Deklaracio de Homaj Rajtoj'':<ref>[http://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/Language.aspx?LangID=1115 Declaration in Esperanto]</ref> :Ĉiuj homoj estas denaske liberaj kaj egalaj laŭ digno kaj rajtoj. :Ili posedas racion kaj konsciencon, kaj devus konduti unu al alia en spirito de frateco. || '''Version in interlingua:''' :''Declaration Universal del Derectos Human'':<ref>[http://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/Language.aspx?LangID=1119 Declaration in Interlingua]</ref> :Tote le esseres human nasce libere e equal in dignitate e in derectos. :Illes es dotate de ration e de conscientia e debe ager le unes verso le alteres in un spirito de fraternitate. |} === Le Patre nostre === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Latino !! Espaniol !! Interlingua !! Esperanto |- | <blockquote> Pater noster, qui es in caelis,<br> sanctificetur nomen tuum. <br> Adveniat regnum tuum. <Br> Fiat voluntas tua, <br> sicut in caelo et in terra. <br> Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie, <br> et dimitte nobis debita nostra, <br> Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris. <br> Et ne nos inducas in tentationem, <br> sed libera nos a malo. <br> </blockquote> | <blockquote> Padre nuestro, que estás en el cielo,<br> Santificado sea tu Nombre; <br> Venga a nosotros tu reino; <Br> Hágase tu voluntad así en la tierra como en el cielo. <br> Danos hoy nuestro pan de cada día; <br> Perdona nuestras ofensas <br> Como también nosotros perdonamos a los que nos ofenden; <br> no nos dejes caer en la tentación, y líbranos del mal. <br> Amen. <br> </blockquote> | <blockquote> Patre nostre, qui es in le celos, <br> que tu nomine sia sanctificate; <br> que tu regno veni; <br> que tu voluntate sia facite <br> super le terra como etiam in le celos. <br> Da nos hodie nostre pan quotidian, <br> e pardona a nos nostre debitas <br> como nos pardona a nostre debitores, <br> e non duce nos in tentation, <br> sed libera nos del mal. </blockquote> | <blockquote> Patro Nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo, <br> via nomo estu sanktigita. <br> Venu via regno, <br> plenumiĝu via volo, <br> kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero. <br> Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ. <br> Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn, <br> kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj. <br> Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton, <br> sed liberigu nin de la malbono. </blockquote> |} == Ligamines externe == *[http://www.uea.org/ Sito official de la Universala Esperanto-Asocio (UEA)] *[http://www.Interlingua.com/ Sito official del Union Mundial pro Interlingua] ==Referentias== <references/> {{traducite|es|Comparación entre el Esperanto y la Interlingua}} {{Linguas artificial}} [[Categoria:Interlingua]] [[Categoria:Esperanto|Comparation]] jfzyymhxhsyvpxrnbj1si285938k2vg Mr. Bean 0 33346 696239 564186 2026-03-31T15:02:13Z ~2026-20070-65 59131 696239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/articulo}} '''Mr. Bean''' es un [[Grande Britannia|brithannic]] sitcom createva per [[Rowan Atkinson]] e [[Richard Curtis]] in [[1990]]. died 2026 wife killed him by stabbing and shooting him R.I.P Mr.bean [[Categoria:Programmas de television]] 41kimmo8ltwix8um944prvcagzmbbpr 696253 696239 2026-04-01T00:34:51Z Tortoise0308 17411 Modification de [[Special:Contributions/~2026-20070-65|~2026-20070-65]] ([[User talk:~2026-20070-65|discussion]]) revertite; ultime version de [[User:Synthbot|Synthbot]] restaurate 564186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox/articulo}} '''Mr. Bean''' es un [[Grande Britannia|brithannic]] sitcom createva per [[Rowan Atkinson]] e [[Richard Curtis]] in [[1990]]. [[Categoria:Programmas de television]] kem07h5qu1seei7rgwj78mrqofa3ww4 Appendice:Lista de objectos con proprietate ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 102 40007 696249 696157 2026-03-31T17:52:54Z ListeriaBot 24326 Wikidata list updated [V2] 696249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} Vide etiam: [[Appendice:Lista de territorios dependente o disputate]] {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P298 ?iso3 } |columns=item,P298,P984,P41,P94,label,P242,P300,P36,P2046,P31,description |sort=P298 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 ! codigo de pais per IOC ! imagine del bandiera ! imagine del scuto ! label ! position geographic ! ISO 3166-2 ! capital ! area ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q21203|Q21203]] | ABW | ARU | [[File:Flag of Aruba.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Aruba wapen.svg|center|48px]] | [[Aruba]] | [[File:Aruba in its region.svg|center|48px]] | NL-AW | ''[[:d:Q131243|Oranjestad]]'' | 178.916378 | ''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q107390|stato federate]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q889|Q889]] | AFG | AFG | [[File:Flag of the Taliban.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Arms of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Afghanistan]] | [[File:Afghanistan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kabul]] | 652230<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1450765|Q1450765]] | AFI | | | | ''[[:d:Q1450765|French Territory of the Afars and the Issas]]'' | | | [[Djibuti (citate)|Djibuti]] | 23200 | [[Territorio]]<br/>''[[:d:Q133156|colonia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1620908|historical region]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q916|Q916]] | AGO | ANG | [[File:Flag of Angola.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Angola.svg|center|48px]] | [[Angola]] | [[File:Angola (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Luanda]]<ref name="ref_e5527f7d7e35d9f9ad1b217d003f59045120de5f9025af279ac2c1c2d42439a7">https://www.britannica.com/place/Luanda</ref> | 1246700 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q25228|Q25228]] | AIA | | [[File:Flag of Anguilla.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Anguilla.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25228|Anguilla]]'' | [[File:Anguilla on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30994|The Valley]]'' | 91 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<ref name="ref_ca830e9e85b298fbbdd4030354cc54f1789ebfd33ff26127a1baa7d4324a3c8d">http://britannica.com/place/Anguilla-island-West-Indies</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q5689|Q5689]] | ALA | | [[File:Flag of Åland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Åland 3.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q5689|Åland]]'' | [[File:Ahvenanmaa sijainti Suomi.svg|center|48px]] | FI-01<ref name="ref_e2c17ce6b75404eee7592879b71e4392e8e7930a6a5f58d6ef433d81a6b1ca55">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FI</ref> | ''[[:d:Q48329|Mariehamn]]'' | 1582.93<ref name="ref_1030d7f1d0e4082c9f02436085355d23f9cf62a32d4b87afc2ea8274a0862a71">https://www.maanmittauslaitos.fi/sites/maanmittauslaitos.fi/files/attachments/2021/01/Vuoden_2021_pinta-alatilasto_kunnat_maakunnat.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q193512|region of Finland]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q782614|autonomous region]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q222|Q222]] | ALB | ALB | [[File:Flag of Albania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Albania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Albania]] | [[File:Albania (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tirana]] | 28748<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q228|Q228]] | AND | AND | [[File:Flag of Andorra.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Andorra.svg|center|48px]] | [[Andorra]] | [[File:Andorra on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Andorra la Vella]] | 468<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q25227|Q25227]] | ANT<ref name="ref_bf25a9001b8462c071bbee32380ffaa44c643c8b3b5593348fbfcea6e912638a">https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-3_newsletter_i-6.pdf</ref> | AHO | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands Antilles (1986–2010).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Netherlands Antilles (1986-2010).svg|center|48px]] | [[Antillas Nederlandese]] | [[File:Kingdom of the Netherlands in its region (Caribbean special).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q132679|Willemstad]]'' | 800 | ''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q878|Q878]] | ARE | UAE | [[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the United Arab Emirates.svg|center|48px]] | [[Emiratos Arabe Unite]] | [[File:United Arab Emirates (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1519|Abu Dhabi]]'' | 83600 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q414|Q414]] | ARG | ARG | [[File:Flag of Argentina.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Argentina.svg|center|48px]] | [[Argentina]] | [[File:ARG orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Buenos Aires]]<ref name="ref_4efe82b7f89327c2079c87785cb5021a1c05f163549bbcb6240458dd01e31139">https://www.britannica.com/place/Buenos-Aires</ref> | 2780400 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_7c93c54ab0683b6bffe81151693b579fb52f79961946145183b678ef0c1a741c">https://www.britannica.com/place/Argentina</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]''<br/>[[nation]]<br/>''[[:d:Q10551526|confessional state]]'' | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q399|Q399]] | ARM | ARM | [[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Armenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Armenia]] | [[File:Armenia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Yerevan]] | 29743.423459 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais eurasian del Caucaso Sud |- | [[:d:Q31890709|Q31890709]] | ASC | | [[File:Flag of Ascension Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Ascension Island.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q31890709|Ascension]]'' | | SH-AC<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q695774|Georgetown]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q10864048|subdivision territorial administrative al prime nivello]]''<ref name="ref_28e067ba6d443e585cc6bae200ecabedea38d4555441bfa6e50598093c75548b">''[[:d:Q1194038|Geographic Names Server]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q16641|Q16641]] | ASM | ASA | [[File:Flag of American Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of American Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q16641|American Samoa]]'' | [[File:LocationAmericanSamoa.png|center|48px]] | US-AS | ''[[:d:Q51678|Pago Pago]]'' | 199 | ''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_4d80a9e7ddc84c2bda41cb23318f27faf6fe7628d4c9954662c5c77f43af71a8">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:US</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q51|Q51]] | ATA | | | | [[Antarctica]] | [[File:Antarctica (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | | 13720000<ref name="ref_a3dae1785f071eaf619b80b4e4878aeb35d9305e5edb62e39b883bcd2e73d1b8">https://www.worldometers.info/geography/7-continents/</ref> | [[continente]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><ref name="ref_683b2661c49be29f69007bda6012994faeb7dbcefb33fdba8ec0685c5503f9be">''[[:d:Q43400782|БСЭ1 / Антарктида]]''</ref><br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q312461|terra nullius]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2418896|part of the world]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2221906|geographic location]]'' | continente |- | [[:d:Q21590062|Q21590062]] | ATA | | [[File:Flag of the Antarctic Treaty.svg|center|48px]] | No/unknown value | ''[[:d:Q21590062|Antarctic Treaty area]]'' | [[File:Mapa Polo Sur.png|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 14000000 | ''[[:d:Q734818|condominium]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q312461|terra nullius]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q165783|Q165783]] | ATB | | [[File:Flag of the British Antarctic Territory.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the British Antarctic Territory.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q165783|British Antarctic Territory]]'' | [[File:BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1635867|Rothera Research Station]]'' | 1709400 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q783953|territorial claims in Antarctica]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q129003|Q129003]] | ATF | | [[File:Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries Terres australes et antarctiques françaises.svg|center|48px]] | [[Terras Austral Francese]] | [[File:French Southern and Antarctic Lands in France (zoomed).svg|center|48px]] | FR-TF<ref name="ref_b358201b6f12d036d1d725230e7d6741d07c711fce3b940b1cb25462f96118c0">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FR</ref> | ''[[:d:Q839559|Port-aux-Français]]'' | 7829 | ''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q781|Q781]] | ATG | ANT | [[File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Antigua e Barbuda]] | [[File:ATG orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36262|St. John's]]'' | 440.29 | [[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3244203|monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q189999|Q189999]] | ATN | | [[File:Flag of Norway, state.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q189999|Queen Maud Land]]'' | [[File:Antarctica, Norway territorial claim.svg|center|48px]] | | | 2500000 | ''[[:d:Q5260616|dependency of Norway]]''<ref name="ref_7db06d5476b3f5c24f5ebb17af080c176272f9c7a4682401c5d83cbd2bb2d168">https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1930-02-27-3</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q783953|territorial claims in Antarctica]]''<ref name="ref_7db06d5476b3f5c24f5ebb17af080c176272f9c7a4682401c5d83cbd2bb2d168">https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1930-02-27-3</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q408|Q408]] | AUS<ref name="ref_63f5ca7a183963ae457d8f89197c39e30c3e1963bcf902fb3e780d1dbf4e9c8a">''[[:d:Q25275|ISO 3166-1]]''</ref> | AUS | [[File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_81c89a07f6d8245f3f610a5338eb4d06b8867ad0833011281075a438da9ceee8">https://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/symbols/flag.cfm</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Australia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Australia]] | [[File:AUS orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3114|Canberra]]''<ref name="ref_2c266568d394409c43364c2f4d8b8ea09162a2269fee0e814197c113c625b70a">http://www.australia.gov.au/about-government/states-territories-and-local-government/capital-cities</ref> | 7692024<ref name="ref_e5de0557d829b6203125373010912e5dbe4da19b4ef922649c7cca8b61d30a07">http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/national-location-information/dimensions/australias-size-compared</ref><ref name="ref_2400624184620dd514bed85b0ebd035541fc426839c786569d93496fbe599d16">http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/national-location-information/dimensions/area-of-australia-states-and-territories</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q40|Q40]] | AUT | AUT | [[File:Flag of Austria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Austria.svg|center|48px]] | [[Austria]] | [[File:EU-Austria.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Vienna]]<ref name="ref_8c9140023642283c5ce8f0054419301e4e661b4d544d74f911a04dbe4e1b2919">''[[:d:Q1005391|Federal Constitutional Law]]''</ref> | 83858<br/>83878.99<ref name="ref_337104bf542d61ec28a5b64ad960c201fe14eae452e70f309dab87be0ecfd867">http://www.statistik.at/web_de/static/k37_054436.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_8c9140023642283c5ce8f0054419301e4e661b4d544d74f911a04dbe4e1b2919">''[[:d:Q1005391|Federal Constitutional Law]]''</ref><br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_bf4800c708cf2f583b03c3926656d107ae2bb33b4ca8cd00136019f87fcb49af">''[[:d:Q700706|Constitution of Austria]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<ref name="ref_8c9140023642283c5ce8f0054419301e4e661b4d544d74f911a04dbe4e1b2919">''[[:d:Q1005391|Federal Constitutional Law]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_e33536185a3a577767c4df8815505e3839cdb3ac340226ff3e9f0263fb53a77a">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/austria</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q227|Q227]] | AZE | AZE | [[File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Azerbaijan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Azerbaijan]] | [[File:Azerbaijan orthographic projection.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Baku]] | 86600 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q967|Q967]] | BDI | BDI | [[File:Flag of Burundi.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Burundi.svg|center|48px]] | [[Burundi]] | [[File:Burundi (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Gitega]] | 27834 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_6cac7bdde4be279b526ef08604ad918b112e3faa287696c1b915fbb81f2f4f0b">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/by.html</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q31|Q31]] | BEL | BEL | [[File:Flag of Belgium.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Great coat of arms of Belgium.svg|center|48px]] | [[Belgica]] | [[File:EU-Belgium.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Brussel]]<ref name="ref_effb07acb78b00e96857dd630ea9dbef3dfa2b85064c06fc36d489bac27ac036">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/be.html</ref><ref name="ref_cf8ffd9fa05b0d7e236b0e111cb1395c12ffa35206a807cfeae261a0752a11b4">http://www.traveldir.org/belgium/</ref> | 30688<ref name="ref_b6045ba397001d57a685257fa78ba294520cf6abae5c822cb219ab67a689bfa0">''[[:d:Q12480|Statbel]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_924a841a3a87fc73c4e07307c7d71ac3308f775bbf83ac6f7aa40f2b28d6af27">https://www.britannica.com/place/Belgium</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q962|Q962]] | BEN | BEN | [[File:Flag of Benin.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Benin.svg|center|48px]] | [[Benin]] | [[File:Benin (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Porto-Novo]] | 114763 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q27561|Q27561]] | BES<ref name="ref_b487e18951526d42430f1cf1c21ee328d29004b78388d2bd2e82fab9d7187199">https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-1_newsletter_vi-8_split_of_the_dutch_antilles_final-en.pdf</ref> | | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q27561|Caribbean Netherlands]]'' | [[File:BES islands location map.svg|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 322 | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q965|Q965]] | BFA | BUR | [[File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Burkina Faso.svg|center|48px]] | [[Burkina Faso]] | [[File:BFA orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ouagadougou]] | 274200 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q902|Q902]] | BGD | BAN | [[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Bangladesh.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bangladesh]] | [[File:Bangladesh (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dacca]] | 147570 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q219|Q219]] | BGR | BUL | [[File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Bulgaria.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bulgaria]] | [[File:Bulgaria (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Sofia]]<ref name="ref_dfdfed816a2ab7bd8130696b36f16fdc0f30a32bda7d7c2dbdc7feba1698235c">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria</ref> | 110993.6<ref name="ref_b935a0a66833771bd7ab112d9853ebe1a287cd8e9aac1b6386fa9e1016b57022">http://www.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&p=0159&g=</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<ref name="ref_dfdfed816a2ab7bd8130696b36f16fdc0f30a32bda7d7c2dbdc7feba1698235c">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q23983664|demographics of country or region]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q398|Q398]] | BHR | BRN | [[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of The Kingdom of Bahrain.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bahrain]] | [[File:Map of Bahrain.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Manama]] | 786.5<ref name="ref_f1109f3b1be2275f826e9cf52b9203b986059b8d23dd4954bbc9089530b2748f">https://www.bahrain.bh/wps/wcm/connect/bnp_en/about%20the%20kingdom/about%20bahrain/related%20topics/facts%20and%20figures</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[archipelago]] | |- | [[:d:Q778|Q778]] | BHS | BAH | [[File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Bahamas.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bahamas]] | [[File:Bahamas in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2467|Nassau]]'' | 13878 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q225|Q225]] | BIH | BIH | [[File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bosnia e Herzegovina]] | [[File:Bosnia and Herzegovina (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Sarajevo]] | 51197 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_b8423ba8340e8b33fb505561ed0125432eb23a2565c8790412ae86b19bd45f82">https://www.ustavnisud.ba/public/down/USTAV_BOSNE_I_HERCEGOVINE_engl.pdf</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q25362|Q25362]] | BLM | | [[File:Flag of Saint Barthélemy (local).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Blason St Barthélémy TOM entire.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25362|Saint Barthélemy]]'' | [[File:Saint Barthelemy in France.svg|center|48px]] | FR-BL | ''[[:d:Q34112|Gustavia]]'' | 24<ref name="ref_6fc27494e6c7926015d9eb27d4f5924ae1abcba3d5e6e02ad3d8258d77f9d34c">https://www.touteleurope.eu/fonctionnement-de-l-ue/la-superficie-des-pays-de-l-union-europeenne/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]''<ref name="ref_acb678d6cb9dd51a3fd3981405e68362fe227c398b2f88f9205d3f195172710d">''[[:d:Q47486150|loi organique n° 2007-223 du 21 février 2007 portant dispositions statutaires et institutionnelles relatives à l'outre-mer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q184|Q184]] | BLR | BLR | [[File:Flag of Belarus.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Belarus (2020–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[Bielorussia]] | [[File:Belarus on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Minsk]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 207596.76<ref name="ref_19a0807314a71637fb0d564051152981a05e56273c4261bd3fdcb5e073d74eae">http://www.gki.gov.by/docs/gzk_2010.doc</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q619610|social state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q242|Q242]] | BLZ | BIZ | [[File:Flag of Belize.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Belize.svg|center|48px]] | [[Belize]] | [[File:BLZ orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3043|Belmopan]]'' | 22966 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q23635|Q23635]] | BMU | BER | [[File:Flag of Bermuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Bermuda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bermuda]] | [[File:United Kingdom on the globe (Bermuda special) (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30985|Hamilton]]'' | 53 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<ref name="ref_062d6a907457c2cd5018246f8dbe44927859fc0e258af56b43a0695d3e0dfd2d">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bermuda/</ref><br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | |- | [[:d:Q750|Q750]] | BOL | BOL | [[File:Flag of Bolivia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de Bolivia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bolivia]] | [[File:BOL orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Sucre]]<br/>[[La Paz]] | 1098581 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q155|Q155]] | BRA | BRA | [[File:Flag of Brazil.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Brazil.svg|center|48px]] | [[Brasil]] | [[File:BRA orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Brasilia]] | 8515767 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_12d33a3bfee3589773dda322912c06dd2fe6baf24c9dc149b4738012e9c19c6f">https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]'' | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q244|Q244]] | BRB | BAR | [[File:Flag of Barbados.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Barbados (2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Barbados]] | [[File:BRB orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36168|Bridgetown]]'' | 439 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q921|Q921]] | BRN<ref name="ref_85f197c05a3a50ab610b9354a76864571e64192440bbfe1f06301e0f182262ec">https://www.ISO.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BN</ref> | BRU | [[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Brunei.svg|center|48px]] | [[Brunei]] | [[File:Brunei on the globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q9279|Bandar Seri Begawan]]'' | 5765.313533 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Sultanato]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_85f197c05a3a50ab610b9354a76864571e64192440bbfe1f06301e0f182262ec">https://www.ISO.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:BN</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q917|Q917]] | BTN | BHU | [[File:Flag of Bhutan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Bhutan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Bhutan]] | [[File:Bhutan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Thimphu]]<ref name="ref_a231bee4257d064162e1ed11579e15ba67005bc8f61026f65cade50f7d098b03">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bhutan</ref> | 38394 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_a231bee4257d064162e1ed11579e15ba67005bc8f61026f65cade50f7d098b03">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bhutan</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_a231bee4257d064162e1ed11579e15ba67005bc8f61026f65cade50f7d098b03">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bhutan</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1309121|hermit kingdom]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q23408|Q23408]] | BVT | | [[File:Flag of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insula de Bouvet]] | [[File:PAT - Bouvet.gif|center|48px]] | | | 49 | [[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5260616|dependency of Norway]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q963|Q963]] | BWA | BOT | [[File:Flag of Botswana.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Botswana.svg|center|48px]] | [[Botswana]] | [[File:Botswana (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Gaborone]] | 581737 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_0d838b71e804d8fbf7fee9f7cea99b035945779d057731942b4145dc9c64e3cf">https://www.britannica.com/place/Botswana</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q2895|Q2895]] | BYS | | [[File:Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1991).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1981–1991).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q2895|Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]'' | [[File:Byelorussian SSR in the Soviet Union.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Minsk]] | 207600 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q929|Q929]] | CAF | CAF | [[File:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Central African Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Centroafrican]] | [[File:CAF orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bangui]] | 622984 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q16|Q16]] | CAN | CAN | [[File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Royal Coat of arms of Canada.svg|center|48px]] | [[Canada]] | [[File:CAN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ottawa]]<ref name="ref_a9d7cc87fad739a186c62b47b38ed774fc3b97ecdaced733b52b08043d1b30e9">''[[:d:Q868884|Constitution Act, 1867]]''</ref> | 9984670 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q36004|Q36004]] | CCK | | [[File:Flag of the Cocos (Keeling) Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Clunies-Ross family arms.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q36004|Cocos (Keeling) Islands]]'' | [[File:Cocos (Keeling) Islands on the globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q48675|West Island]]'' | 14 | ''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q39|Q39]] | CHE | SUI | [[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_ab7fc05533a6a1045f2ce8ad338b0792ed51296f1397b7e775499d19e43c8e57">https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20091656/index.html#app1ahref0</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of Switzerland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Switza]] | [[File:Switzerland on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Berna]]<ref name="ref_0080a764532c5d04f2a034ba39e581993e729ab6db18d709944b4f8bbb323f6a">https://www.bk.admin.ch/bk/de/home/dokumentation/gesetzgebung/rechtsbereiche-der-bk/abgeschlossene-gesetzgebungsprojekte/bundesstadtstatus-stadt-bern.html</ref> | 41285<br/>41291<ref name="ref_5e2ad7e643fbd628f1fdbcaf44a25a09db7c28f256dd1b609e662806fb674840">https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/espace-environnement.html</ref> | [[stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q170156|confederation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q687554|Federal Treaty]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]''<br/>[[Republica Helvetic]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | republica federal in Europa occidental |- | [[:d:Q298|Q298]] | CHL | CHI | [[File:Flag of Chile.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Chile (c).svg|center|48px]] | [[Chile]] | [[File:CHL orthographic (+all claims).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Santiago de Chile]]<ref name="ref_aa1150c617fdf48788b8b90a5ccc4257372a46ef433a009e9582d5b384c714d1">https://www.britannica.com/place/Santiago-Chile</ref> | 756102 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_7c8e4744501f108f21991ff68e633634252a4c9671f34f381c14a01fe85b617a">https://www.britannica.com/place/Chile</ref><br/>[[nation]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5255892|republica democratic]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]] | |- | [[:d:Q148|Q148]] | CHN | CHN | [[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:中華人民共和國國徽.png|center|48px]] | [[China]] | [[File:CHN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Beijing]] | 9596961 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1008|Q1008]] | CIV | CIV | [[File:Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ivory Coast (2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Costa de Ebore]] | [[File:CIV orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Yamoussoukro]] | 322463 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_ca070e9a5eb15c3dccfde88694c68f2863907488ea9e5eec31ad0622694ece24">https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/cote-d-ivoire/presentation-de-la-cote-d-ivoire/</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_0dad73dd85c33cae8349a2e2ca72f0917d0ffc3785f00eede7e40d57c79381da">https://www.presidence.ci/presentation-ci/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1009|Q1009]] | CMR | CMR | [[File:Flag of Cameroon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cameroon.svg|center|48px]] | [[Camerun]] | [[File:CMR orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Yaoundé]] | 475442 | [[pais]]<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q974|Q974]] | COD | COD | [[File:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (black spear).svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Democratic del Congo]] | [[File:COD orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kinshasa]]<ref name="ref_e7a993a45c87966ba6c2a865d6e0a2b676706c497363b70311c6907bb6e0b5a2">https://www.britannica.com/place/Kinshasa</ref> | 2344858 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_ed806c47cd810026be18b273086c4a0bce497d753577b6badca4efc5741bf580">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/dem-rep-congo</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q971|Q971]] | COG | CGO | [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Republic of the Congo.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica del Congo]] | [[File:Republic of the Congo (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Brazzaville]] | 342000 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q26988|Q26988]] | COK | COK | [[File:Flag of the Cook Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Cook Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q26988|Cook Islands]]'' | [[File:Cook Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q170482|Avarua]]'' | 240 | ''[[:d:Q1138279|associated state]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q739|Q739]] | COL | COL | [[File:Flag of Colombia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Colombia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Colombia]] | [[File:COL orthographic (San Andrés and Providencia special).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bogotá]]<ref name="ref_5e9c5041ff4318d908f65eec8765863728691254e0e8d2a8ef3c727c831f4362">https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Kolumbia;4169072.html</ref><ref name="ref_031443c9aae3c4d9725db12d1071aa4059155713495542db60e33a40a373c639">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bogota</ref> | 1141748 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_123212ead787751fde9d0d08489a72a1460c7ce1b05e37a6229509e1cafdf381">https://www.britannica.com/place/Colombia</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_123212ead787751fde9d0d08489a72a1460c7ce1b05e37a6229509e1cafdf381">https://www.britannica.com/place/Colombia</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q970|Q970]] | COM | COM | [[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Comoros.svg|center|48px]] | [[Comores]] | [[File:Comoros (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Moroni]] | 2034 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1011|Q1011]] | CPV | CPV | [[File:Flag of Cape Verde.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cape Verde.svg|center|48px]] | [[Capo Verde]] | [[File:CPV orthographic NaturalEarth.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Praia]] | 4033 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_2ccfd1721b19c9752b60dad2d1dcab31f9d55947a28dbd4372afb2b0b8f13737">https://www.britannica.com/place/Cabo-Verde</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q800|Q800]] | CRI | CRC | [[File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Costa Rica.svg|center|48px]] | [[Costa Rica]] | [[File:Costa Rica (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3070|San José]]''<ref name="ref_d603e6eed11085472319db9e7c1bc4d200e41934a41f888ec37512fb32881ad9">https://www.britannica.com/place/San-Jose-Costa-Rica</ref> | 51179.92<ref name="ref_285fd8606b2550d805b3727c2d7de01b8b2d241b09c78d835b52e9c55cb22733">https://files.snitcr.go.cr/boletines/ACTUALIZACION_DE_LAS_AREAS_CONTINENTAL_E_INSULAR_DE_COSTA_RICA_02_07_2021.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_ddab406ed76bc355fe46531eaf50bcae55bbbe305380b0bc0306ebb912b36599">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/costa-rica</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q3405693|Q3405693]] | CRQ | | [[File:Flag of Sark.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Sark.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q3405693|Sark]]'' | [[File:Guernsey-Sark.png|center|48px]] | | | 5.5 | [[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q64953083|car-free place]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q33946|Q33946]] | CSK | TCH | [[File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Middle coat of arms of Czechoslovakia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Checoslovachia]] | [[File:Czechoslovakia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Praga]] | 127900 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2618621|Q2618621]] | CTE | | | | ''[[:d:Q2618621|Canton and Enderbury Islands]]'' | | | | | ''[[:d:Q734818|condominium]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q241|Q241]] | CUB | CUB | [[File:Flag of Cuba.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|center|48px]] | [[Cuba]] | [[File:Cuba (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Havana]] | 109884 | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q849866|communist state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q25279|Q25279]] | CUW | | [[File:Flag of Curaçao.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Curaçao wapen.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25279|Curaçao]]'' | [[File:Curacao in its region.svg|center|48px]] | NL-CW<ref name="ref_a79facb7c77a4d17adb234b1eb74d3b9373e6d448dc9064422a0639025f813d0">''[[:d:Q14005|MusicBrainz]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q132679|Willemstad]]'' | 444 | ''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q31063|Q31063]] | CXR | | [[File:Flag of Christmas Island.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insula de Natal]] | [[File:Christmas Island on globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30980|Flying Fish Cove]]'' | 135 | [[entitate territorial administrative]]<br/>[[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5785|Q5785]] | CYM | CAY | [[File:Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Cayman Islands Coat of Arms.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q5785|Cayman Islands]]'' | [[File:Cayman Islands in United Kingdom.svg|center|48px]] | KY<ref name="ref_ef6bc3e7cee7854c22c58aeb84dae0572d4b7427911c3a2407bcbd85c68235ef">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:KY</ref> | ''[[:d:Q172996|George Town]]'' | 264 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q229|Q229]] | CYP | CYP | [[File:Flag of Cyprus.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Cyprus (2006).svg|center|48px]] | [[Cypro]] | [[File:EU-Cyprus highlighted.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nicosia]] | 9242.45<ref name="ref_d9beda03a013a6c352d53ac5fb5688fc429b1fc4804c0e241d33df84f1b3b758">http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/F2876E52BD240C56C2257EB4003C3ED4/$file/DEGREE_URBANISATION-2016.xls?OpenElement</ref><ref name="ref_d9beda03a013a6c352d53ac5fb5688fc429b1fc4804c0e241d33df84f1b3b758">http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/F2876E52BD240C56C2257EB4003C3ED4/$file/DEGREE_URBANISATION-2016.xls?OpenElement</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q213|Q213]] | CZE | CZE | [[File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Chec]] | [[File:EU-Czech Republic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Praga]]<ref name="ref_3e5b9bab813465412853331eda013f076fbcdd7ad1a4220fc096b9ec9c3819bf">''[[:d:Q2948382|Constitution of the Czech Republic]]''</ref> | 78866<br/>78871<ref name="ref_9ee41a8991616554164e89056c906d4d44818b64305baad938165ac299409ac2">https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-vyhledavani&vyhltext=plochy&bkvt=cGxvY2h5&katalog=all&pvo=ZPR15</ref> | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_8645e6affd6454487e5530ed31ed7a90de88f9b018af1bac5423f56ba4bfad7f">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/czech-republic</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_3e5b9bab813465412853331eda013f076fbcdd7ad1a4220fc096b9ec9c3819bf">''[[:d:Q2948382|Constitution of the Czech Republic]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | pais de Europa |- | [[:d:Q16957|Q16957]] | DDR | GDR | [[File:Flag of East Germany.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of East Germany (1955–1990).svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Democratic German]] | [[File:East Germany 1956-1990.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q56037|East Berlin]]'' | 108179 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q183|Q183]] | DEU | GER<ref name="ref_7051b4fa8b9e1fd011a3751668a1a7d17dace442ab69f795ae7cd785f21ca7e6">https://www.laenderdaten.de/kuerzel/olympia.aspx</ref><ref name="ref_14f12b58ecf7e955915f42a62d53c127443a3805dc49bc5b11cfcbf6a89c6802">''[[:d:Q28796597|Olympic.org athletes database]]''</ref><ref name="ref_79e4d44474c511272c7ee74bc50614da858523aec6ef10464aea6ef133b76b29">https://www.worlddata.info/countrycodes.php</ref> | [[File:Flag of Germany.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_1d422822f174182146a3ebf7ed95f411618ba7c64ac7d21c1e4fe9147edeb999">''[[:d:Q56045|Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany]]''</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of Germany.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_11c58e234a71f0ec3d872899c95229d35f6a2ae223d651ae1922c4d9cc861118">''[[:d:Q836156|Federal Law Gazette]]''</ref> | [[Germania]] | [[File:Germany (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Berlin]]<ref name="ref_1d422822f174182146a3ebf7ed95f411618ba7c64ac7d21c1e4fe9147edeb999">''[[:d:Q56045|Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany]]''</ref><ref name="ref_22390ecfe75e90e8a84d49610b605c042f29948974bc2059607ac63abe076a08">https://www.bmi.bund.de/DE/themen/verfassung/staatliche-symbole/hauptstadt/hauptstadt-artikel.html</ref><ref name="ref_28b4a876afe5bc29aa93ea5e1d077508e10499391b0dca5ba9a493d360bd35a8">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/germany</ref> | 357587.77<ref name="ref_c30c744cc8d1683921d063fbb9edf67b0445ec100626745fbcbc647782c7bed5">https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/handle/document/85921/ssoar-2023-seeger_et_al-Kritische_Flachenfragen_-_Flachenveranderungen_und.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y&lnkname=ssoar-2023-seeger_et_al-Kritische_Flachenfragen_-_Flachenveranderungen_und.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_0e8d288976e5fc82ece1969aac468ee1b37e61ce5becb93cfcc5ed975493294e">''[[:d:Q1206379|General Treaty]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0aaaa5a7a82b0a7c136905d5fdcea358424e8a04be48b9d47cb8e8cd8be10345">https://www.ndr.de/geschichte/chronologie/Deutschlandvertrag-Wie-die-Bundesrepublik-souveraen-wurde,deutschlandvertrag100.html</ref><ref name="ref_2ebe9814d2917c7003bf83a374e6ebc357663e1b2a5ad7faa6d40ad2e07afc3d">https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/579364/034b11190e6f59ada9686600ee020f37/wd-3-119-09-pdf-data.pdf</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q798431|Q798431]] | DHY | | [[File:Flag of Benin.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Dahomey (1958–1964).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q798431|Republic of Dahomey]]'' | [[File:Benin in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Porto-Novo]] | | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1138279|associated state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q977|Q977]] | DJI | DJI | [[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Djibouti.svg|center|48px]] | [[Djibuti]] | [[File:Djibouti (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Djibuti (citate)|Djibuti]] | 23200 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | pais de Africa |- | [[:d:Q784|Q784]] | DMA | DMA | [[File:Flag of Dominica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Dominica.svg|center|48px]] | [[Dominica (pais)|Dominica]] | [[File:Dominica on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36281|Roseau]]'' | 751.096551 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q35|Q35]] | DNK | DEN | [[File:Flag of Denmark.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Coat of arms of Denmark no crown.svg|center|48px]] | [[Danmark]] | [[File:Denmark on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Copenhagen]]<ref name="ref_2ab2d3efd2b6883b381ce9a652bd0a5322344d6df7b3edab85734fc96927cc79">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/denmark</ref> | 42925.46 | [[stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q20181813|colonial power]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q66724388|autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q786|Q786]] | DOM | DOM | [[File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Dominican Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica Dominican]] | [[File:Dominican Republic on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Santo Domingo]] | 48670.82<ref name="ref_4abceb84df88466e423d116c50d9971c4498b76c685f15eaca23a783c8e7515f">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/dominican-republic/summaries/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_d934d25be86baed6a99469433708c1482037f090d5626d86f403c1ab48b056e7">https://www.britannica.com/place/Dominican-Republic</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q262|Q262]] | DZA | ALG | [[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Emblem of Algeria (bronze effect).svg|center|48px]] | [[Algeria]] | [[File:Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Alger]] | 2381741 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<ref name="ref_0d68ad2342f20c5aedf1007877b78f219bf3c78c3bafc42a9ec6a9bf41b84f47">''[[:d:Q111513095|Algérie, la tierce rive en Méditerranée]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q465613|republica popular]]''<ref name="ref_48b6a63349a7afce0c9809c968bfb8d9d3063154df55dff7546593052f9eb171">https://www.persee.fr/doc/outre_0300-9513_1976_num_63_230_1910_t1_0153_0000_2</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q736|Q736]] | ECU | ECU | [[File:Flag of Ecuador.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ecuador.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ecuador]] | [[File:ECU orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Quito]] | 257204.27<ref name="ref_41cd80a6a4bbc555bafe2260afacfcf284688b2bea0c2739219b918d0f0e36bc">https://www.censoecuador.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/01_2022_CPV_Estructura_poblacional.xlsx</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q79|Q79]] | EGY | EGY | [[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg|center|48px]] | [[Egypto]] | [[File:EGY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Cairo]] | 1010407.87 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q986|Q986]] | ERI | ERI | [[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Eritrea (or argent azur).svg|center|48px]] | [[Eritrea]] | [[File:Eritrea on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Asmara]]<ref name="ref_240fd901f68e6afe1109102c1ed282b0bf9ddcb9d915471740c03d29b4d5a6f2">https://www.britannica.com/place/Eritrea</ref> | 117600 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_240fd901f68e6afe1109102c1ed282b0bf9ddcb9d915471740c03d29b4d5a6f2">https://www.britannica.com/place/Eritrea</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_240fd901f68e6afe1109102c1ed282b0bf9ddcb9d915471740c03d29b4d5a6f2">https://www.britannica.com/place/Eritrea</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q6250|Q6250]] | ESH | | [[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_71bc5cadf6bce124730c2fa4cd9dc2a1d45fa6b72a2fc0cd026bf7d205fe47c1">https://theconversation.com/morocco-and-western-sahara-a-decades-long-war-of-attrition-122084</ref><ref name="ref_42052ab72e2dde7d85f72808b9a3c0cd2727f9fe6916247c2ae7c64f97c52e77">https://www.democracynow.org/2020/11/27/four_days_in_occupied_western_sahara</ref><ref name="ref_b345e5aaa07a3a60c74ac9e0e37173be6ab8d85201e6056eb37dd22a9b0da0a5">https://freedomhouse.org/country/western-sahara</ref><ref name="ref_0387f3a71925af7f94fb9a12d66269629fc4f6f7d4a431a353d69cd6c60626bf">https://www.dw.com/en/france-backs-moroccan-claim-over-disputed-western-sahara/a-69807965</ref><ref name="ref_9d280911fca2fb6a899d9e3efab071ead790f0b89c1f2c9ca03312d3da7a6f8c">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/04/40-years-of-suffering-for-sahrawi-refugees-from-western-sahara</ref><ref name="ref_42b6464cc8859c746e24cec26232f38f1f41ee4bc3e155d3b4c914f4908e5e66">https://www.unicode.org/emoji/charts/full-emoji-list.html</ref> | | [[Sahara Occidental]] | [[File:Western Sahara (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | | 266000<ref name="ref_f226f10d202b7e4f0418bdff05b1a1f1b29872374382df6b8b7442b6cb1ec5b5">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2016/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q29|Q29]] | ESP | ESP<br/>SPA<ref name="ref_441ce199c513a152aef7457e8d9baa34eaaafd6b369d45f9de3c14d47f6defc1">''[[:d:Q180672|list of IOC country codes]]''</ref> | [[File:Flag of Spain.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo de España (variant).svg|center|48px]] | [[Espania]] | [[File:Spain on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Madrid]]<ref name="ref_71f48b845957dc61c36dc7c60d2661c2aebd68d9cc47907d548c76e59c9d3dc3">''[[:d:Q847664|constitution of Spain]]''</ref><ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 505990<ref name="ref_71259f2df20025f4f6ebfbd2cea3654df36bc05b2af744c8bb54649653486875">http://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/anuario08/anu08_01entor.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_c0734c4a4c9f9a09f2283bfb005697cd4dea47545ed0aea5eb3d79a7b3dc6766">https://books.google.es/books?id=dciHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA14&dq=espa%C3%B1a+estado+soberano&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZvb7YgdqKAxW9TaQEHYi1L-AQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=espa%C3%B1a%20estado%20soberano&f=false</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]''<ref name="ref_c0734c4a4c9f9a09f2283bfb005697cd4dea47545ed0aea5eb3d79a7b3dc6766">https://books.google.es/books?id=dciHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA14&dq=espa%C3%B1a+estado+soberano&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZvb7YgdqKAxW9TaQEHYi1L-AQ6AF6BAgGEAI#v=onepage&q=espa%C3%B1a%20estado%20soberano&f=false</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_816656db543d7f192ac0f5eedc1b0406efcaf2501630b58d76d99c4105e7ce6b">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/spain</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<ref name="ref_f6e643aeb8317c43addd1338add17398b2150b82005b8eb7fe9f4a62db4f1a20">https://www.miteco.gob.es/content/dam/miteco/es/biodiversidad/temas/espacios-protegidos/pbl_rn_region_mediterranea_tcm30-197189.pdf</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q179671|nation state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q191|Q191]] | EST | EST | [[File:Flag of Estonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Estonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Estonia]] | [[File:EU-Estonia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tallinn]] | 45335<ref name="ref_4653dfca016f1bd2f5883046c58081f4802a23cbdfacca99b1a6483a87daac2b">https://maaamet.ee/uudised/kingitus-eesti-sunnipaevaks-eesti-sai-95-saare-vorra-rikkamaks</ref> | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_89858635d1d4e1e5cf622dbd9ab76a49f5468813d004350e3380e228dd35b83d">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/estonia</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_54e342fdf5e3df1445603c89567af796e487dcfef339f4a0ae5ed1b3fe9ffe09">https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/521052015001/consolide/current</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115|Q115]] | ETH | ETH | [[File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Ethiopia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ethiopia]] | [[File:Ethiopia (Africa orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Addis Abeba]] | 1104300 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_edc2fab86e50cec4422ea17373796e8bf33c96df1568995feb78f6aff375f401">''[[:d:Q87326639|МСЭ2/Эфиопия]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q33|Q33]] | FIN | FIN | [[File:Flag of Finland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Finland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Finlandia]] | [[File:Finland on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Helsinki]]<ref name="ref_318da0135bfb25d1f42d651688f070b4056ca932b27cf562763c8b665a912c1c">''[[:d:Q14334357|Suomen historian pikkujättiläinen]]''</ref> | 338478.34<ref name="ref_45fa35ad65f8e138eaadf805bf5345a74d1792fe016fc52eff727dd0c68b6042">''[[:d:Q117800624|Area of Finland's municipalities 2023-01-01]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_318da0135bfb25d1f42d651688f070b4056ca932b27cf562763c8b665a912c1c">''[[:d:Q14334357|Suomen historian pikkujättiläinen]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q712|Q712]] | FJI | FIJ | [[File:Flag of Fiji.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Fiji.svg|center|48px]] | [[Fiji]] | [[File:Fiji (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Suva]]<ref name="ref_202d137c6425b2a43a20e310db64cbd63e6934c5462ed66403c3e1a2d82eeab6">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fj.html</ref> | 18274<ref name="ref_202d137c6425b2a43a20e310db64cbd63e6934c5462ed66403c3e1a2d82eeab6">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fj.html</ref> | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q9648|Q9648]] | FLK | FLK | [[File:Flag of the Falkland Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of the Falkland Islands (relief).svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Falkland]] | [[File:Location map of the Falklands – Alternative version 4.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q12245|Stanley]]'' | 12200 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]'' | archipelago in le Atlantico meridional, e un territorio britannic de ultramar, disputate per Argentina |- | [[:d:Q142|Q142]] | FRA<ref name="ref_b358201b6f12d036d1d725230e7d6741d07c711fce3b940b1cb25462f96118c0">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FR</ref> | FRA | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_24586f4cbffe0665081df82c9c5e73f79348356487223b2dc34f514cfc958a02">https://www.europe1.fr/politique/info-e1-le-drapeau-francais-a-change-de-couleur-4076943</ref> | [[File:Arms of the French Republic.svg|center|48px]] | [[Francia]] | [[File:EU-France (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Paris]] | 643801 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_a92d077c5f3818620affb2a5d7c48fa8255ac5b86d0bca5eb9961dbcf2aaf058">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/france</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q4628|Q4628]] | FRO | FRO | [[File:Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Faroe Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Feroe]] | [[File:Europe-Faroe Islands.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tórshavn]] | 1399 | ''[[:d:Q66724388|autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]'' | pais constitutive del Regno de Danmark |- | [[:d:Q702|Q702]] | FSM | FSM | [[File:Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Statos Federate de Micronesia|Micronesia]] | [[File:Micronesia on the globe (Micronesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q42751|Palikir]]'' | 702 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q212429|Q212429]] | FXX | | | | ''[[:d:Q212429|metropolitan France]]'' | | | [[Paris]] | 543940 | ''[[:d:Q192498|administrative territorial entity of France]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1000|Q1000]] | GAB | GAB | [[File:Flag of Gabon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Gabon.svg|center|48px]] | [[Gabon]] | [[File:Gabon (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Libreville]] | 267667 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q145|Q145]] | GBR | GBR | [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_2e1423dcb8b790e2e90a3897a27b6871f1f66485f3fef42b8884658e2a229779">https://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/resources/union-flag-approved-designs</ref> | [[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom (2022, variant 2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Regno Unite]] | [[File:Europe-UK.svg|center|48px]] | GB-UKM | [[London]] | 242495<ref name="ref_0d356e1a2755f6d5be930f6bc59055a2c20ee6f0f75bdfd374f011057ad93137">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_07aba9f4379b9bcc0a6454827692516fc6c733e43765fde9ef8e09c53c9b2bab">https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aip/Geo3/40/38</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q20181813|colonial power]]''<br/>[[stato insular]] | |- | [[:d:Q1050859|Q1050859]] | GEL | | [[File:Flag of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1937–1976).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1937-1979).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q1050859|Gilbert and Ellice Islands]]'' | [[File:LocationGilbertandEllice.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q131233|South Tarawa]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q133156|colonia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q230|Q230]] | GEO | GEO | [[File:Flag of Georgia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Greater coat of arms of Georgia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Georgia (pais)|Georgia]] | [[File:Georgia (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tbilisi]] | 69700 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>''[[:d:Q236036|republic of the Soviet Union]]''<ref name="ref_5c230e70bc98bbb5feb57eebe6a26f1f466f19895c08275dad9169e8102d4f75">https://iverieli.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/274221/1/Komunisti_1921_N1.pdf</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q25230|Q25230]] | GGY | | [[File:Flag of Guernsey.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guernsey.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25230|Guernsey]]'' | [[File:Europe-Guernsey.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q174262|Saint Peter Port]]''<ref name="ref_acd145a11334571f1e57b596693cfa7500fbdc80f17c06c8f90509c103b738ff">https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Guernsey;4197266.html</ref> | 78 | ''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4996207|bailiwick]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q117|Q117]] | GHA | GHA | [[File:Flag of Ghana.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ghana.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ghana]] | [[File:Ghana (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Accra]] | 238535 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1410|Q1410]] | GIB | | [[File:Flag of Gibraltar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Gibraltar1.svg|center|48px]] | [[Gibraltar]] | [[File:Gibraltar location in Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Gibraltar]] | 6.843 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2264924|port city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q900119|United Nations list of non-self-governing territories]]''<ref name="ref_48b69b1d187d696733b5fe4c026ed451633a131e2317cfa1a73d9d01cc933ea8">http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgovterritories.shtml</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q902814|border city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1200957|tourist destination]]''<br/>[[citate]]<ref name="ref_90fc85d406f4fa37137ab499b9cce2bfdb857196e9342ab74d8f58415463d6c8">https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-62710553</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1006|Q1006]] | GIN | GUI | [[File:Flag of Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guinea]] | [[File:Guinea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Conakry]] | 245857 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q17012|Q17012]] | GLP | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guadeloupe.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guadalupe|Guadeloupe]] | [[File:Guadeloupe in France 2016.svg|center|48px]] | FR-971 | ''[[:d:Q167024|Basse-Terre]]'' | 1628 | [[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1005|Q1005]] | GMB | GAM | [[File:Flag of The Gambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of The Gambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Gambia]] | [[File:Gambia (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Banjul]]<ref name="ref_9f8c101a95d6ffc5cf5281973e6fd0153fa6d653f6292b3663c5e1e7642934c4">https://www.britannica.com/place/Banjul</ref> | 11300 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1007|Q1007]] | GNB | GBS | [[File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Guinea-Bissau.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guinea-Bissau]] | [[File:Guinea-Bissau on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bissau]] | 36125 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q983|Q983]] | GNQ | GEQ | [[File:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Equatorial Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guinea Equatorial]] | [[File:GNQ orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1140136|Ciudad de la Paz]]''<ref name="ref_4670f62228431d43ad88bf0ad1dfba386f3c50cacf86ad612695c2d620a35424">https://realequatorialguinea.com/destacado/politica/plazo-de-un-ano-para-el-traslado-de-entes-publicos-a-la-nueva-capital-politica-de-guinea-ecuatorial/</ref><ref name="ref_b2231c6e6b12db62e5fd5a94e0bca5fb0d0dafc6ac483b371b6791c858bab698">https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/01/04/en-guinee-equatoriale-ciudad-de-la-paz-devient-officiellement-la-nouvelle-capitale_6660479_3212.html</ref> | 28051 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q41|Q41]] | GRC | GRE | [[File:Flag of Greece.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Greece.svg|center|48px]] | [[Grecia]] | [[File:Greece on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Athenas]]<ref name="ref_7f80c57339dd698c07901fec3c81610dd872f97c45364d2194c244d9e12c1466">http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/greece/index_en.htm</ref><ref name="ref_bbccf96b5d48698decad5413c8b90dacd924a8ba54e80d8c7e2a8f52fe06c774">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html</ref> | 131957 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_c2d67b9e3a07d872ee28f66d2f0e22aa78db5c8eb2e9b18c4acd26b41f3eea1f">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/greece</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q769|Q769]] | GRD | GRN | [[File:Flag of Grenada.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Grenada.svg|center|48px]] | [[Grenada]] | [[File:Grenada in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41547|St. George's]]'' | 348.5 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q223|Q223]] | GRL | | [[File:Flag of Greenland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Greenland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Groenlandia]] | [[File:Greenland (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | DK-GL | [[Nuuk]] | 2166086 | ''[[:d:Q66724388|autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q192611|districto electoral]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q788176|autonomous administrative territorial entity]]'' | Pais autonome intra le Regno de Danmark |- | [[:d:Q774|Q774]] | GTM | GUA | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guatemala.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guatemala]] | [[File:Guatemala on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Citate de Guatemala]] | 108889 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q171751|banana republic]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3769|Q3769]] | GUF | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of French Guiana, according to the original displayed at the Museum Franconie, at Cayenne.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q3769|French Guiana]]'' | [[File:French Guiana (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | FR-973 | ''[[:d:Q44401|Cayenne]]'' | 83534 | ''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>[[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]] | |- | [[:d:Q16635|Q16635]] | GUM | GUM | [[File:Flag of Guam.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of Guam.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guam]] | [[File:Guam on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | US-GU | ''[[:d:Q30988|Hagåtña]]'' | 544 | ''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_e2f611e48ca35a2ee76d828427ab1313b3e8e3f9874fc92a31963fc7fd56005b">https://www.doi.gov/oia/budget/authorities-public-law</ref><br/>[[insula]]<br/>''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_d0f09ed15666b50e8d9a68ba9dbc619bb6d784d90a7618c64f8a2f648668f919">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3337001|nationality for sports]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q734|Q734]] | GUY | GUY | [[File:Flag of Guyana.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Guyana.svg|center|48px]] | [[Guyana]] | [[File:GUY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Georgetown (Guyana)|Georgetown]]<ref name="ref_5e80dc1fe5605541727b07f4d620d33daf389d0bf394d41e4a036f53ec4aae70">https://www.britannica.com/place/Georgetown-Guyana</ref> | 214970 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q8646|Q8646]] | HKG | HKG | [[File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Regional Emblem of Hong Kong.svg|center|48px]] | [[Hong Kong]] | [[File:Hong Kong in China (zoomed) (+all claims hatched).svg|center|48px]] | CN-HK | ''[[:d:Q963152|Victoria]]'' | 1105.69<ref name="ref_23f31d605c239779ad76199ec0d06a084629017fe5bc72344b1c5ae5ba458222">http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf</ref><br/>1649.34<ref name="ref_23f31d605c239779ad76199ec0d06a084629017fe5bc72344b1c5ae5ba458222">http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf</ref><br/>2755.03<ref name="ref_23f31d605c239779ad76199ec0d06a084629017fe5bc72344b1c5ae5ba458222">http://www.landsd.gov.hk/mapping/en/publications/hk_geographic_data_sheet.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q779415|region administrative special]]''<ref name="ref_075d3463122c462584a97249b0d7e5e488f84bc00aa20b147b7175fd5ae3557e">https://www.britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong</ref><br/>[[citate]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1549591|citate grande]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q200250|metropole]]''<br/>[[Citate global]]<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q125470455|customs territory of China]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3337001|nationality for sports]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q131198|Q131198]] | HMD | | [[File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insula de Heard e Insulas de McDonald]] | [[File:Heard Island and McDonald Islands on the globe (Antarctica centered).svg|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value | 368 | ''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]''<br/>[[archipelago]]<br/>''[[:d:Q38048753|natural cultural heritage site]]''<ref name="ref_61c66ae5b30ad6078e22b9f22c9b9b78d9794dff664cca19b7133532d8da93fd">http://data.gov.au/dataset/2016-soe-her-aus-national-heritage</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q783|Q783]] | HND | HON | [[File:Flag of Honduras (1949–2022, 2026–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Honduras.svg|center|48px]] | [[Honduras]] | [[File:Honduras (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tegucigalpa]] | 112492 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q224|Q224]] | HRV | CRO | [[File:Flag of Croatia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Croatia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Croatia]] | [[File:EU-Croatia (orthographic projection).png|center|48px]] | | [[Zagreb]] | 56594<ref name="ref_bd55e0d1c81d14774f58559de438e4defda1e12d62864cdaa1d947db0f41b791">http://www.dzs.hr/Hrv_Eng/ljetopis/2011/SLJH2011.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_e4d6c3fd121c8dce683db6f79dfa759e768783669167474dc046e835d8edda8a">https://www.britannica.com/place/Croatia</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q790|Q790]] | HTI | HAI | [[File:Flag of Haiti.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Haiti.svg|center|48px]] | [[Haiti]] | [[File:Haiti (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q34261|Port-au-Prince]]'' | 27750<ref name="ref_a91f5a5fe89915b02835d39667e7f996de05f72841798895019b9b8e3c417445">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/haiti/summaries/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q28|Q28]] | HUN | HUN | [[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Hungary.svg|center|48px]] | [[Hungaria]] | [[File:Hungary on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Budapest]]<ref name="ref_851e27a689ff493ddecb111d13c9a3cdc0b7593e2d17d849f4d84f8bc5bf2426">https://www.britannica.com/place/Hungary</ref> | 93011.4<ref name="ref_0e8a04ccdbb38c486094c3321971af7815300f2cf7c847a315389a4c541782fc">http://www.ksh.hu/apps/shop.kiadvany?p_kiadvany_id=81322</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_4483f66877946ec33f67c3904523e9d019870bd6fd337507938223bc808df79f">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hu.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q797422|Q797422]] | HVO | VOL | [[File:Flag of Upper Volta.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Upper Volta.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q797422|Republic of Upper Volta]]'' | [[File:LocationBurkinaFaso.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ouagadougou]] | | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q252|Q252]] | IDN | INA | [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Indonesia Garuda Pancasila.svg|center|48px]] | [[Indonesia]] | [[File:Indonesia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Jakarta]] | 1904570 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_dc27fad8386f8d25de4729f72b7824f01ca9f5ddb26311931e7329a9eb5c092f">https://www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q9676|Q9676]] | IMN | | [[File:Flag of the Isle of Man.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Isle of Man.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insula de Man]] | [[File:Europe-Isle of Man.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q18569|Douglas]]''<ref name="ref_ac35a63fc8a562a4bbb9c89da46194321cf422408939313f1721fe7a3d50f4f7">https://www.gov.im/about-the-government/departments/cabinet-office/media-centre/isle-of-man-an-overview/</ref> | 572 | ''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q668|Q668]] | IND | IND | [[File:Flag of India.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of India.svg|center|48px]] | [[India]] | [[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nove Delhi]] | 3287263 | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_5bb8f3ae7b4975e442bbbfe3d4deb4622b5c9a28e15722a1a760fd7df7304ba4">https://www.britannica.com/place/India</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q5255892|republica democratic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q43448|Q43448]] | IOT | | [[File:Flag of the Commissioner of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q43448|British Indian Ocean Territory]]'' | [[File:British Indian Ocean Territory on the globe (Afro-Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | No/unknown value<br/>''[[:d:Q184851|Diego Garcia]]'' | 60 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q27|Q27]] | IRL | IRL | [[File:Flag of Ireland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Ireland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Republica de Irlanda]] | [[File:EU-Ireland.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dublin]] | 69797<ref name="ref_1aca3d43d4cf0ba69f864fd92459be3c7e5347af31cbe9d7c89d86c03c615ca5">https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/key-facts-and-figures/life-eu_en</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q794|Q794]] | IRN | IRI | [[File:Flag of Iran.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Iran.svg|center|48px]] | [[Iran]] | [[File:Iran (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Teheran|Tehran]] | 1648195 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Republica islamic]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_706c979762a1bfe0bb4d75a7fa59245b9273be5b15e78cd69c3f108939e0d350">''[[:d:Q3462918|Mo'in Encyclopedic Dictionary]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q796|Q796]] | IRQ | IRQ | [[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Iraq.svg|center|48px]] | [[Irak]] | [[File:Iraq (orthographic-projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bagdad]] | 437072 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q189|Q189]] | ISL<ref name="ref_ccba58fac328c241efcff64a0bd89ed796d7a3c196fa3941e8ee5bb02a0c0e41">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IS</ref> | ISL | [[File:Flag of Iceland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Iceland.svg|center|48px]] | [[Islanda]] | [[File:Iceland (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Reykjavík|Reykjavik]]<ref name="ref_eb7d166d2a6954c2148d4ddbf44896e817b7a39075d079d27d0960f61d17d759">https://www.britannica.com/place/Reykjavik</ref> | 103004 | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q801|Q801]] | ISR | ISR | [[File:Flag of Israel.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Israel.svg|center|48px]] | [[Israel]] | [[File:Israel (orthographic projection) with disputed territories.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Jerusalem]]<ref name="ref_fe66d79305fe05e6daf671f160ea52ec9cc53ddcccc361d96fbbed21b69e9cfd">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html</ref><ref name="ref_bed08e9baec502181b115c0518a39e715e7ea32434d2b2f8c7240f1f4d9329d1">''[[:d:Q1634035|Jerusalem Law]]''</ref><br/>[[Tel Aviv]]<br/>[[Tel Aviv]]<ref name="ref_eed24b02f930f159e100e541955402909360efce6dc79cf69085bec67f8b635a">https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000019509867</ref><ref name="ref_2f3e3300e5818af76dcc09714801a35d7d81b8e8a807fa9a78dacf46d893e201">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-63280855</ref> | 20770 | ''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_3677614059a6ede761d4b826655e9e4d382ad67df9ffadda4947ee3918f4233a">https://www.britannica.com/place/Israel</ref><br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q38|Q38]] | ITA | ITA | [[File:Flag of Italy.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Italy.svg|center|48px]] | [[Italia]] | [[File:Italy on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Roma]]<ref name="ref_bc3d19d9b31811e635d1687f26f2bde9f4c377e9839a06c8c97a2e653aa9a4f3">http://www.governo.it/costituzione-italiana/parte-seconda-ordinamento-della-repubblica/titolo-v-le-regionile-province-e-i</ref> | 302068<ref name="ref_8f75b8c83fc8103d6bd5bf19dd786289cda0d0b87d5a016400665bd155f6e6a5">https://www.tuttitalia.it/italia/</ref> | [[pais]]<ref name="ref_b91b99317120086867aaf6e3338b6f7e1016a18e1efd01f4aca8f3cff034d6dd">https://www.britannica.com/place/Italy</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q766|Q766]] | JAM | JAM | [[File:Flag of Jamaica.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Jamaica.svg|center|48px]] | [[Jamaica]] | [[File:Jamaica (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kingston]] | 10991.90954 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q918240|territorial evolution of the British Empire]]''<ref name="ref_7fd3330f2d80033c175da2dfd52ded267e02db5ca01cb0080f78f14d38bee1ac">''[[:d:Q87326082|МСЭ2/Ямайка]]''</ref><br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_33f3812bb985642f19b0ab3d5e9614e86a5fee1aa7e1d4f2dc943a1ad0dec081">https://www.britannica.com/place/Jamaica</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q785|Q785]] | JEY<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ca652d7e17bcaf3c9763053fbd648993f635d0474f5bfa63eea979be1687f653">''[[:d:Q1520117|Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f4b515595fe72cc6ed8c784938ef70197938935e9149eb55f187aaff2ddd99ed">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:JE</ref> | | [[File:Flag of Jersey.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Jersey.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q785|Jersey]]'' | [[File:Europe-Jersey.svg|center|48px]] | GB-JSY | ''[[:d:Q147738|Saint Helier]]'' | 118.2 | ''[[:d:Q185086|Crown Dependencies]]''<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q810|Q810]] | JOR | JOR | [[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Jordan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Jordania]] | [[File:Jordan on the globe (Afro-Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Amman]] | 89341 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q17|Q17]] | JPN | JPN | [[File:Flag of Japan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Kamon of the Imperial House of Japan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Japon]] | [[File:Japan on the globe (de-facto) (Japan centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tokyo]] | 377972.28 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_abc3a7b6a82b0e7dce0ee5331c624e8c53edf38da63fef7cf24d52e956bcedd7">''[[:d:Q66481470|МСЭ2 / Япония]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_abc3a7b6a82b0e7dce0ee5331c624e8c53edf38da63fef7cf24d52e956bcedd7">''[[:d:Q66481470|МСЭ2 / Япония]]''</ref> | pais de Asia |- | [[:d:Q131008|Q131008]] | JTN | | [[File:Flag of the United States.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q131008|Johnston Atoll]]'' | [[File:LocationJohnstonAtoll.png|center|48px]] | UM-67 | | 2.67 | ''[[:d:Q473972|protected area]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>[[Atollo]]<br/>''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q232|Q232]] | KAZ | KAZ | [[File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Kazakhstan latin.svg|center|48px]] | [[Qazaqstan|Kazakhstan]] | [[File:Kazakhstan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Astana]] | 2724900 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>[[pais]] | stato euroasiatic |- | [[:d:Q114|Q114]] | KEN | KEN | [[File:Flag of Kenya.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Kenya (Official).svg|center|48px]] | [[Kenya]] | [[File:Kenya (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nairobi]] | 581309 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q813|Q813]] | KGZ | KGZ | [[File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Kyrgyzstan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kirghizistan]] | [[File:Kyrgyzstan on the globe (Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bishkek]] | 199951 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]] | stato soveran in Asia central |- | [[:d:Q424|Q424]] | KHM | CAM | [[File:Flag of Cambodia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Royal arms of Cambodia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Cambodja|Cambodgia]] | [[File:Cambodia on the globe (Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Phnom Penh]] | 181035 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q710|Q710]] | KIR | KIR | [[File:Flag of Kiribati.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Kiribati.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kiribati]] | [[File:Kiribati on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q131233|South Tarawa]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2486|Tarawa]]'' | 811 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q763|Q763]] | KNA | SKN | [[File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sancte Kitts e Nevis]] | [[File:KNA orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41295|Basseterre]]'' | 269.358763 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais insular caribe |- | [[:d:Q884|Q884]] | KOR | KOR | [[File:Flag of South Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of South Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Corea del Sud]] | [[File:South Korea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Seoul]] | 100295 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_b56d7a5874cc979de67507be4b9d0ec0309a3055065d3b2c94872cb63e655bc8">https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Korea</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q817|Q817]] | KWT | KUW | [[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of the State of Kuwait.svg|center|48px]] | [[Kuwait]] | [[File:KWT orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q35178|Kuwait City]]'' | 17818 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q819|Q819]] | LAO | LAO | [[File:Flag of Laos.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Laos (1991-2025).svg|center|48px]] | [[Laos]] | [[File:Laos on the globe (Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q9326|Vientiane]]'' | 236800 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q849866|communist state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q465613|republica popular]]''<br/>[[pais]] | stato soveran in Asia del sud-est |- | [[:d:Q822|Q822]] | LBN | LBN | [[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lebanon.svg|center|48px]] | [[Libano]] | [[File:Lebanon (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Beirut]] | 10452 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1014|Q1014]] | LBR | LBR | [[File:Flag of Liberia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Liberia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Liberia]] | [[File:Liberia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Monrovia]] | 111369 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1016|Q1016]] | LBY | LBA | [[File:Flag of Libya.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Government of National Unity (Libya).svg|center|48px]] | [[Libya]] | [[File:Libya (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tripoli]] | 1759541 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q760|Q760]] | LCA | LCA | [[File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Saint Lucia.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q760|Saint Lucia]]'' | [[File:Saint Lucia on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41699|Castries]]'' | 617.012867 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q347|Q347]] | LIE | LIE | [[File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Staatswappen-Liechtensteins.svg|center|48px]] | [[Liechtenstein]] | [[File:Liechtenstein on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Vaduz]] | 160<ref name="ref_dc0531c9baebf3ff52b09c3ffe8a977fc1fb9512131cb80fc2011b77431c4b64">https://www.liechtenstein.li/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q854|Q854]] | LKA | SRI | [[File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Sri Lanka.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sri Lanka]] | [[File:Sri Lanka (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41963|Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte]]''<br/>[[Colombo]] | 65610 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1013|Q1013]] | LSO | LES | [[File:Flag of Lesotho.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lesotho.svg|center|48px]] | [[Lesotho]] | [[File:Lesotho (orthographic projection with inset).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Maseru]] | 32962.8<br/>30355 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q171441|enclave]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q37|Q37]] | LTU | LTU | [[File:Flag of Lithuania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Lithuania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Lituania]] | [[File:Lithuania on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Vilnius]]<ref name="ref_8733203edf880b0fdce16649f429617b8e0121a1c001d8d42e043cd1c7c14f6e">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lh.html</ref> | 65300<ref name="ref_c92956357b061d1115c1d301b7b0e504d7c6d4547d6a61d3e759d4d2924cd32c">https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17536867</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_157670e8355e0eff58ff05534817d81842be8c6b7967fd1c93c534e3b9cdda38">https://www.britannica.com/place/Lithuania</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q32|Q32]] | LUX | LUX | [[File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Greater coat of arms of the grand-duchy of Luxembourg.svg|center|48px]] | [[Luxemburg]] | [[File:EU-Luxembourg.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Luxemburg (citate)|Luxemburg]]<ref name="ref_31ff9a393dcba335ef95ebe7ec7b7cfaf816029e0c224a93b1ff9dea7ef2ae2b">https://luxembourg.public.lu/dam-assets/publications/tout-savoir-sur-le-grand-duche-de-luxembourg/tout-savoir-sur-le-grand-duche-de-luxembourg-en.pdf</ref> | 2586.36<ref name="ref_c8e6fd9bce7de3930a7ec00313a19aa893cc51d30d6347b8cf3d0062efa2e83f">https://lustat.statec.lu</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q165116|grand duchy]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q113136497|state of the German Confederation 1815–1848 & 1850–1866]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q211|Q211]] | LVA | LAT | [[File:Flag of Latvia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Latvia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Lettonia]] | [[File:Latvia on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Riga]] | 64593.76<ref name="ref_f15e7acdd449cf8bf828be04e7822998114a796fa4237c50bafc336afeb1a48b">https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/OSP_PUB/START__ENV__DR__DRT/DRT011/</ref><br/>62226.85<ref name="ref_f15e7acdd449cf8bf828be04e7822998114a796fa4237c50bafc336afeb1a48b">https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/lv/OSP_PUB/START__ENV__DR__DRT/DRT011/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q63791824|country bordering the Baltic Sea]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_49a83a6b97c47e17907e67e0f2ec03c7797e70b0524ec465583e5ad3a883da61">https://www.britannica.com/place/Latvia</ref> | republica in le nord de Europa |- | [[:d:Q14773|Q14773]] | MAC | MAC | [[File:Flag of Macau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Regional Emblem of Macau.svg|center|48px]] | [[Macao]] | [[File:Macau locator map.svg|center|48px]] | CN-MO | ''[[:d:Q841086|Municipality of Macau]]'' | 115.3 | ''[[:d:Q779415|region administrative special]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1549591|citate grande]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1200957|tourist destination]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q125470455|customs territory of China]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126125|Q126125]] | MAF | | [[File:Flag of France.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:St Martin Coat.png|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q126125|Saint-Martin]]'' | [[File:Saint Martin in its region (zoom).svg|center|48px]] | FR-MF | ''[[:d:Q200605|Marigot]]'' | 53.2 | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1028|Q1028]] | MAR | MAR | [[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Morocco.svg|center|48px]] | [[Marocco]] | [[File:Morocco WS-excluded (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Rabat]] | 446550<ref name="ref_037244fce3bd4d7c276a4ba8396763fa4c76da984a2768bdcf981b8032ed4a83">https://databank.worldbank.org/views/reports/reportwidget.aspx?Report_Name=CountryProfile&Id=b450fd57&tbar=y&dd=y&inf=n&zm=n&country=MAR</ref><br/>710850<ref name="ref_3e2c22752faad50a6155fae68764ae0443139f1d73a5fdc8165a018014344935">https://www.worlddata.info/africa/morocco/index.php</ref><ref name="ref_449de3dc64ce3e27646f59d712d11abf637fb0e8b943c3a528a1cea165e91b88">https://achpr.au.int/en/member-states/morocco</ref><ref name="ref_e619b80660ba23b70b8349ac1e90c300904bc0f3ca97f335bd36b1e9a0233636">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/morocco/</ref><ref name="ref_8a822a4f7196bb075cfef44eb99c092524e4b4761813d157e9306af31c6f769f">https://rabat.embassy.qa/en/kingdom-of-morocco/general-information</ref> | [[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q235|Q235]] | MCO | MON | [[File:Flag of Monaco.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Monaco.svg|center|48px]] | [[Monaco (principato)|Monaco]] | [[File:Monaco on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q55115|Monaco City]]'' | 2.08 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[Principato]]<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q902814|border city]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q217|Q217]] | MDA | MDA | [[File:Flag of Moldova.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Moldova.svg|center|48px]] | [[Moldavia]] | [[File:Location Moldova Europe.png|center|48px]] | | [[Chișinău]] | 33843.5<ref name="ref_320523ebb83cf98848ef4bc8a90a8d71e83172da42f7fd7a46d9be6dab1189f1">https://moldova.md/en/content/geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de Europa |- | [[:d:Q1019|Q1019]] | MDG | MAD | [[File:Flag of Madagascar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of Madagascar.svg|center|48px]] | [[Madagascar]] | [[File:MDG orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Antananarivo]] | 587295<ref name="ref_6f98b31dc213340ed7ea368ae286648c54dc0e5d0a6293f8f0fc74f87d768c99">https://www.instat.mg/accueil/madagascar-en-chiffre/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q826|Q826]] | MDV | MDV | [[File:Flag of Maldives.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Maldives.svg|center|48px]] | [[Maldivas]] | [[File:Maldives (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Malé]] | 298 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | pais archipelagic de Asia |- | [[:d:Q96|Q96]] | MEX<ref name="ref_48d0ce6be950795de8ca7fff8e44dbc620d6e5a7b241a75d037258726867406a">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:MX</ref> | MEX | [[File:Flag of Mexico.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Mexico.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mexico]] | [[File:MEX orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Citate de Mexico]] | 1972550 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q709|Q709]] | MHL | MHL | [[File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Marshall Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q709|Marshall Islands]]'' | [[File:Marshall Islands on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q12919|Majuro]]'' | 181.43 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q985073|United Nations trust territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q47863|Q47863]] | MID | | | | ''[[:d:Q47863|Midway Atoll]]'' | [[File:Midway Atoll in United States.svg|center|48px]] | UM-71 | | 2.4 | ''[[:d:Q1550680|unorganized territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q221|Q221]] | MKD | MKD | [[File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of North Macedonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Macedonia del Nord|Republica del Macedonia del Nord]] | [[File:North Macedonia on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Skopje]]<ref name="ref_582091f4d507187098286635b81fc5b39062833c8f8506b3867dedd75613b2ba">https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Macedonia</ref> | 25713 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_582091f4d507187098286635b81fc5b39062833c8f8506b3867dedd75613b2ba">https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Macedonia</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_582091f4d507187098286635b81fc5b39062833c8f8506b3867dedd75613b2ba">https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Macedonia</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q912|Q912]] | MLI | MLI | [[File:Flag of Mali.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Mali.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mali]] | [[File:Mali (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bamako]] | 1240192 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q233|Q233]] | MLT | MLT | [[File:Flag of Malta.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Malta.svg|center|48px]] | [[Malta]] | [[File:EU-Malta.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Valletta]] | 316 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_b7d4225b765f9a3f3a6ee09618f7d4756f4eeed6e4278db7bd84c056a17e386e">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/malta</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q836|Q836]] | MMR | MYA | [[File:Flag of Myanmar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State Seal of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.svg|center|48px]] | [[Birmania]] | [[File:Myanmar on the globe (Myanmar centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q37400|Naypyidaw]]'' | 676577.2 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q236|Q236]] | MNE | MNE | [[File:Flag of Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | [[Montenegro]] | [[File:LocationMontenegro.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Podgorica]]<br/>[[Cetinje]] | 13883 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_e784d7a947c206b397e4e87f5eb96f95fd4e9ef13c52dc7831d9a391135ee716">https://www.britannica.com/place/Montenegro</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q711|Q711]] | MNG | MGL | [[File:Flag of Mongolia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State emblem of Mongolia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mongolia]] | [[File:Mongolia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ulan Bator]]<ref name="ref_7d1c754bbb9c79f4e261ec07b06c3412be495db3ef2a3f0b65778cafa7f09ce7">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mongolia/</ref> | 1564116<ref name="ref_7d1c754bbb9c79f4e261ec07b06c3412be495db3ef2a3f0b65778cafa7f09ce7">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mongolia/</ref><ref name="ref_de0990d91ded6a2587b53be8f3625ce4ff409b396e08794112a494368df2f7f7">https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/52240/52240-001-iee-en.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_0cb8d6fdba717f3be29ee4ac65c7397f6ddecb82962d7abb4ad666ad6dff4e14">https://www.britannica.com/place/Mongolia</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q16644|Q16644]] | MNP<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ab6934192ea8c6c60b949cb7f56be9c127a7421c2660ed39599b39c49ad0119c">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:code:3166:MP</ref> | | [[File:Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q16644|Northern Mariana Islands]]'' | [[File:LocationNorthernMarianas.png|center|48px]] | US-MP<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q49755159|Saipan]]'' | 464<ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_e2f611e48ca35a2ee76d828427ab1313b3e8e3f9874fc92a31963fc7fd56005b">https://www.doi.gov/oia/budget/authorities-public-law</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_e2f611e48ca35a2ee76d828427ab1313b3e8e3f9874fc92a31963fc7fd56005b">https://www.doi.gov/oia/budget/authorities-public-law</ref><ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref><ref name="ref_ff32cb157f332cb4cddd38b09ecd8e975656883a79871be675e2e30b504babe5">''[[:d:Q746368|Great Norwegian Encyclopedia]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q609591|commonwealth]]''<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref><ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1029|Q1029]] | MOZ | MOZ | [[File:Flag of Mozambique.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Mozambique.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mozambique]] | [[File:Mozambique (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Maputo]] | 801590 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1025|Q1025]] | MRT | MTN | [[File:Flag of Mauritania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Seal of Mauritania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mauritania]] | [[File:Mauritania (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Nouakchott]] | 1030700 | [[Republica islamic]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q13353|Q13353]] | MSR | | [[File:Flag of Montserrat.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Montserrat.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q13353|Montserrat]]'' | [[File:Montserrat in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30990|Plymouth]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q31006|Brades]]'' | 102 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>[[insula]] | |- | [[:d:Q17054|Q17054]] | MTQ | | [[File:Flag-of-Martinique.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Martinica]] | [[File:Martinique-CIA WFB Map.png|center|48px]] | FR-972 | ''[[:d:Q81621|Fort-de-France]]'' | 1128 | [[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1027|Q1027]] | MUS | MRI | [[File:Flag of Mauritius.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Mauritius.svg|center|48px]] | [[Mauritio]] | [[File:Mauritius on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Port Louis]] | 2040 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_cd7c9c5c115de492113d029f3708fa8b03faa30e67fd271d607256934089be12">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/mauritius</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q1020|Q1020]] | MWI | MAW | [[File:Flag of Malawi.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Malawi.svg|center|48px]] | [[Malawi]] | [[File:Malawi (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lilongwe]]<ref name="ref_e9d47c1ac01ff1fcbece0251f7a08c769ebd792ca695bd3a26bf7610666ff868">http://www.statoids.com/umw.html</ref><ref name="ref_92e89cc8d49eb41014ca606932fae90da1ead08aa3149122781fc0d3c3adf612">https://www.britannica.com/place/Lilongwe</ref> | 118484<ref name="ref_023fd9e86284bb6bb15e473196c9098e8a841169db7a8bd108cfe86db9ec643f">https://dbpedia.org/page/Malawi</ref><ref name="ref_454f72f09b7c6bfdd6ba70832587971dab0670bafd15afe1d093312784b52e47">''[[:d:Q2664168|Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]]''</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q833|Q833]] | MYS<ref name="ref_91ced5a92c53470c76e4c318a3e14e7348c772d5741a91228cccdd5a43e6e26a">''[[:d:Q292649|AGROVOC]]''</ref> | MAS | [[File:Flag of Malaysia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Malaysia]] | [[File:Malaysia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kuala Lumpur]] | 330803<ref name="ref_0d356e1a2755f6d5be930f6bc59055a2c20ee6f0f75bdfd374f011057ad93137">https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1951661|member states of ASEAN]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_a1bc4b5e87f0199531eb009f066b01429da5f8ed4121217eeda6b94120cddb45">https://www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17063|Q17063]] | MYT | | [[File:Flag of Mayotte (Local).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of Mayotte.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q17063|Mayotte]]'' | [[File:Mayotte (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | FR-976<ref name="ref_b358201b6f12d036d1d725230e7d6741d07c711fce3b940b1cb25462f96118c0">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:FR</ref> | ''[[:d:Q132676|Mamoudzou]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q846048|Dzaoudzi]]'' | 374 | ''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>[[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1030|Q1030]] | NAM | NAM | [[File:Flag of Namibia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Namibia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Namibia]] | [[File:Namibia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Windhoek]]<ref name="ref_de0839ff76a33db376c95840529cd271ef5d95a75f5a94f909426cdd3d0761fe">https://www.britannica.com/place/Windhoek</ref> | 825615 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_c180fe11e179e0fafaa1fb5c21f13611d649ab7ba423d5d1885235d39f598f46">https://www.britannica.com/place/Namibia</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q33788|Q33788]] | NCL | | [[File:Flag of FLNKS.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of New Caledonia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nove Caledonia]] | [[File:New Caledonia in France (zoomed).svg|center|48px]] | FR-NC | ''[[:d:Q9733|Nouméa]]'' | 18576 | ''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1032|Q1032]] | NER | NIG | [[File:Flag of Niger.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Niger.svg|center|48px]] | [[Niger]] | [[File:Niger (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Niamey]] | 1267000<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q31057|Q31057]] | NFK | | [[File:Flag of Norfolk Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Norfolk Island.svg|center|48px]] | [[Norfuk Ailen]] | [[File:Norfolk Island on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30963|Kingston]]'' | 34.6 | ''[[:d:Q11687019|external territory of Australia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q14192199|territory of Australia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1033|Q1033]] | NGA | NGR | [[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nigeria]] | [[File:Nigeria (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Abuja]]<ref name="ref_cb5610923db9789094dc256a8515db47b3fcbf4fff260b20bf395c2fd0fc3954">https://www.britannica.com/place/Abuja-national-capital-Nigeria</ref> | 923768 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_b8c50fa2d8e3156c148a83db2383a7989df01611ed6cdf3e2f2974120c846783">https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/nigeria</ref><ref name="ref_7c16b139c1c51716df89b9fa1b129d4c530567a8ed5b275075fd91aaa2b1a2f9">https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/nigeria.htm</ref><ref name="ref_85f1e39a5788c1aa07c69ec708f789307f51c414537a388e555de05af05c6fc5">https://photos.state.gov/libraries/nigeria/487468/pdfs/Nigeria%20overview%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf</ref><ref name="ref_76c1c3d9335871d3018c93daa405050159f0c30ae60630766a04d7d5a9c48396">https://www.forbes.com/places/nigeria/?sh=171606ed4b80</ref><ref name="ref_20e6f4914c5b7943b46d51c4f77d5302928b5e184ea5d6fa9bb5b6d4bc73b833">https://www.lonelyplanet.com/nigeria</ref><ref name="ref_ac96336048c4cbe3228acfb72a8083a12fdf9afbfeb00ef881255ae3f37b5dd7">https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nigeria/</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q752431|Q752431]] | NHB | | [[File:Flag of New Hebrides.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of New Hebrides.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q752431|New Hebrides]]'' | [[File:LocationVanuatu.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q37806|Port Vila]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q734818|condominium]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q811|Q811]] | NIC | NCA | [[File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Nicaragua.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nicaragua]] | [[File:Nicaragua (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Managua]] | 120340 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q34020|Q34020]] | NIU | | [[File:Flag of Niue.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Niue.jpg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q34020|Niue]]'' | [[File:Niue on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30966|Alofi]]'' | 260 | ''[[:d:Q1138279|associated state]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q29999|Q29999]] | NLD | | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Royal coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Regno del Paises Basse]] | [[File:Kingdom of the Netherlands in its region (special marker).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Amsterdam]]<br/>''[[:d:Q36600|Le Haga]]'' | 42201 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q20181813|colonial power]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1250464|realm]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q20|Q20]] | NOR | NOR | [[File:Flag of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | [[Norvegia|Norvega]] | [[File:Europe-Norway.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Oslo]]<ref name="ref_238811c00bbde06ebcef712fe55f6c4e005d6573d58ef9fc61e20136bd11c169">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/no.html</ref> | 385207<ref name="ref_f075e29ba400602608c9d0f2742b56de53a853804ebebcbdaa889a2bc9ca10eb">https://www.kartverket.no/kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_238811c00bbde06ebcef712fe55f6c4e005d6573d58ef9fc61e20136bd11c169">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/no.html</ref> | pais in Europa |- | [[:d:Q837|Q837]] | NPL | NEP | [[File:Flag of Nepal.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Nepal.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nepal]] | [[File:Nepal (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kathmandu]] | 147181.254346 | ''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[region]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q842112|staato socialista]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q465613|republica popular]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q697|Q697]] | NRU | NRU | [[File:Flag of Nauru.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Nauru.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nauru]] | [[File:Nauru on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q31026|Yaren District]]'' | 21 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q664|Q664]] | NZL | NZL | [[File:Flag of New Zealand.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of New Zealand.svg|center|48px]] | [[Nove Zelanda]] | [[File:NZL orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q23661|Wellington]]'' | 268021 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_c6871316bdeb1556c2cb74d8cc18cbb2d6fdef879d68bebda378e8b70461e1f2">https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/research-papers/document/00PLLawRP07041/new-zealand-sovereignty-1857-1907-1947-or-1987</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[stato insular]] | |- | [[:d:Q842|Q842]] | OMN | OMA | [[File:Flag of Oman (1970–1995).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Oman.svg|center|48px]] | [[Oman]] | [[File:Oman (better) (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3826|Muscat]]'' | 309500 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[Sultanato]] | |- | [[:d:Q843|Q843]] | PAK | PAK | [[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:State emblem of Pakistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Pakistan]] | [[File:Pakistan on the globe (de-facto and claimed hatched) (Afro-Eurasia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Islamabad]] | 881913 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q804|Q804]] | PAN | PAN | [[File:Flag of Panama.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Panama.svg|center|48px]] | [[Panama]] | [[File:PAN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3306|Panama City]]''<ref name="ref_4d982d64f492c04dfba50bb16307d08e9435ee67bad6f9bfebd5f8403dee91f3">https://www.britannica.com/place/Panama-City</ref> | 74177.3 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_528effd91cb5f5be8c0d90c039ad3bacf4015a5dfda2b9a4bf3fccdf192e5a88">https://www.britannica.com/place/Panama</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q129237|Q129237]] | PCI | | [[File:Flag of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands seal.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q129237|Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands]]'' | [[File:TTPI-locatormap.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q51679|Saipan]]'' | 1779 | ''[[:d:Q985073|United Nations trust territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q35672|Q35672]] | PCN | | [[File:Flag of the Pitcairn Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Pitcairn Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Pitcairn]] | [[File:Pitcairn Islands on the globe (French Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q48273|Adamstown]]'' | 47 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>[[archipelago]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q419|Q419]] | PER | PER | [[File:Flag of Peru.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Escudo nacional del Perú.svg|center|48px]] | [[Peru]] | [[File:Peru (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lima]]<ref name="ref_549545e5a9d5c9861442012f6edc05dc42451abae5e0c1462a4fc22c87dc7e75">https://www.britannica.com/place/Lima</ref> | 1285216 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q928|Q928]] | PHL | PHI | [[File:Flag of the Philippines.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Philippines.svg|center|48px]] | [[Philippinas]] | [[File:Philippines on the globe (Philippines centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Manila]]<ref name="ref_01aac3c759e861d6e11985d3182736b2bd46d01347aaabb615453532a383935e">https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/05/29/presidential-decree-no-940-s-1976/</ref> | 343448<ref name="ref_da04ee1e5298ffc3f89a617aab5529b595ed35254e4b9b068dd84e3e3bd705d7">https://www.gov.ph/about-the-philippines</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_81ccc0a78ceeb0d2999af5af7bc2806ac346781fcd398871eaf267afc8de71d0">http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_a6f4dc6349b23fc191295414af0821e156fe31a032158bc54167dcf6087bcffe">https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines</ref><br/>[[stato insular]] | |- | [[:d:Q695|Q695]] | PLW | PLW | [[File:Flag of Palau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of Palau.svg|center|48px]] | [[Palau]] | [[File:Palau on the globe (Southeast Asia centered) (small islands magnified).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q515229|Ngerulmud]]'' | 465.550362 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[republica]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q691|Q691]] | PNG | PNG | [[File:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National emblem of Papua New Guinea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Papua Nove Guinea]] | [[File:Papua New Guinea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Port Moresby]] | 462840 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>[[Monarchia constitutional]] | |- | [[:d:Q36|Q36]] | POL | POL | [[File:Flag of Poland.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Herb Polski.svg|center|48px]] | [[Polonia]] | [[File:Poland on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Varsovia]] | 312683<ref name="ref_befea119af7b88a867f718383855db6d3f58746b050d5fd52e4d98760829a83e">''[[:d:Q9311474|Statistical Yearbook of Poland]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1183|Q1183]] | PRI | PUR | [[File:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.svg|center|48px]] | [[Porto Rico]] | [[File:Puerto Rico (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | US-PR | ''[[:d:Q41211|San Juan]]'' | 9104 | ''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_dfc403209caf0578c8559357b9205638ab0e828262f336253dc24a8fdeb22bd0">https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6444&context=faculty_scholarship</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q7252696|Provincial deputation in Spanish America]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3502482|region cultural]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q609591|commonwealth]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q423|Q423]] | PRK | PRK | [[File:Flag of North Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of North Korea.svg|center|48px]] | [[Corea del Nord]] | [[File:North Korea (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Pyongyang]] | 120540 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q465613|republica popular]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1309121|hermit kingdom]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3303230|pariah state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q45|Q45]] | PRT | POR | [[File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Portugal.svg|center|48px]] | [[Portugal]] | [[File:Portugal on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lisbona]]<ref name="ref_2274eec7680da6de2af360ad52dc0dcb205135a73c09adf2640233a86ab74895">https://lisbonne.net/lisbonne-pas-capitale-du-portugal</ref> | 92225<ref name="ref_75175874fc4cffd6c95463ffa3b26c832005e827e7b1a3e1d02a14147ea413cd">https://www.pordata.pt/Municipios/Superf%C3%ADcie-57</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_7dd3b4f770cc92367bf28c3810ee5f21e0cc00e546274fe622cc301b1595ad35">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/portugal</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q733|Q733]] | PRY | PAR | [[File:Flag of Paraguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Paraguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[Paraguay]] | [[File:PRY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Asunción]]<ref name="ref_b26bae1ddb4f863fd1209c6c6cf151ab5732ca574e89720715dfa2f0ab4cfbea">https://www.britannica.com/place/Asuncion</ref> | 406756 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q219060|Q219060]] | PSE<ref name="ref_3f75e303bf4853c467c06725a05dba6eeb7112ce137fb140bdc7a80e567b6d9a">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search</ref> | PLE | [[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Palestine.svg|center|48px]] | [[Stato de Palestina]] | [[File:State of Palestine (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q212938|East Jerusalem]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q158119|Ramallah]]''<ref name="ref_e373230b332bc8177b0098f33774f1a4492a79d7d62597005d44a4128be938d0">https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40431737</ref> | 6020<ref name="ref_266d0550f01fca36f989386d46dce4355da2265e8abd09025eb4f991b43ef0f0">https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/occupied-palestinian-territory-humanitarian-atlas-2019</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>[[region]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_61cb9542cfec0192ac28895ad39604419ece3afcc2d24629fa49d44e66ca8713">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinians-statehood-idUSBRE8AR0EG20121129</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]''<ref name="ref_1aa0d02a4d329d277dd84e6b641dfc97d3cea6ca9ee7087854a9c8096d827e5d">https://www.visualcapitalist.com/recognition-of-israel-and-palestine-map/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]'' | stato partialmente recognoscite in Asia |- | [[:d:Q407199|Q407199]] | PSE | | [[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q407199|Occupied Palestinian territories]]'' | [[File:Palestinian territories (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | | 8220 | ''[[:d:Q2577883|occupied territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30971|Q30971]] | PYF | | [[File:Flag of French Polynesia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of French Polynesia.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q30971|French Polynesia]]'' | [[File:French Polynesia on the globe (French Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | FR-PF | ''[[:d:Q130800|Papeete]]'' | 4167 | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q846|Q846]] | QAT | QAT | [[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Qatar-2022.svg|center|48px]] | [[Qatar]] | [[File:QAT orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Doha]] | 11437 | ''[[:d:Q189898|emirato]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q17070|Q17070]] | REU | | [[File:Proposed flag of Réunion (VAR).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries Réunion.svg|center|48px]] | [[Reunion]] | [[File:Département 974 in France.svg|center|48px]] | FR-974 | ''[[:d:Q47045|Saint-Denis]]'' | 2512 | [[Regiones de Francia|region de Francia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q202216|departimento de ultramar de Francia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q218|Q218]] | ROU | ROU | [[File:Flag of Romania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Romania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Romania]] | [[File:Romania on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bucarest]] | 238397<ref name="ref_540e176c09c27df8a6aaad20084302c1382c7ec4e715c970e1db69993d860bbc">http://www.ziare.com/stiri/eveniment/romania-si-a-marit-suprafata-la-238-397-kilometri-patrati-1470103</ref><ref name="ref_7470a15f5c308b39110d7bcaa354d77ec90926aff1f81c8c3758c255095f32e4">http://www.gandul.info/stiri/acesta-este-noul-teritoriu-al-romaniei-16481528</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q159|Q159]] | RUS | RUS | [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg|center|48px]] | [[Russia]] | [[File:Russian Federation (orthographic projection) - All Territorial Disputes.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Moscova]]<br/>[[Sancte Petroburgo]] | 17075400<ref name="ref_37732cd1eab02c3a98ee9629d52854ad13f32935f90a43c8dbbe19b35ecdca91">https://www.britannica.com/facts/Russia</ref><br/>17125191<ref name="ref_3bf4480c022629f4532d23f2e55ac9dcb955caff6142cd5cf84f6dff42a255fb">https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/18-upr/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D1%84.22%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%202016%20%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%20(%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%20%D0%A0%D0%A4)_%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82.doc</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_3243bf63b49bad06f281c860509b8dcca270889c92201e125535ae486dfc55f4">''[[:d:Q11836865|Declaration of the USSR Council of the Republics regarding the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States]]''</ref><ref name="ref_f61b0d5d011a8872156b5d698bf39e3bbdc7397313a70de6d7d097c7048b5b4c">''[[:d:Q652062|Constitution of Russia]]''</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<ref name="ref_f61b0d5d011a8872156b5d698bf39e3bbdc7397313a70de6d7d097c7048b5b4c">''[[:d:Q652062|Constitution of Russia]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>''[[:d:Q43702|federation]]''<ref name="ref_f61b0d5d011a8872156b5d698bf39e3bbdc7397313a70de6d7d097c7048b5b4c">''[[:d:Q652062|Constitution of Russia]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1037|Q1037]] | RWA | RWA | [[File:Flag of Rwanda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Rwanda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Ruanda]] | [[File:Rwanda (orthographic projection with locator).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kigali]] | 26338<ref name="ref_4490b87ae43e626fbfebfb40d49f2ef4e5297fad132ef9987ac30b16e91eeaaf">https://www.gov.rw/about</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[republica]] | |- | [[:d:Q851|Q851]] | SAU | KSA | [[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Saudi Arabia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Arabia Saudita]] | [[File:Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q3692|Riyadh]]'' | 2250000<ref name="ref_1df0e6a4bf2bcc4f5e58f2cb0a2d79b91b81a809eaf31edb3dab9fad198c6fa0">http://embassies.mofa.gov.sa/sites/China/AR/Guango/AboutKingdom/Pages/default.aspx</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<ref name="ref_186db7cee503480d358799aff20e407b2d9b0987a3845f2ed0ffc3c9141e8e7f">https://www.britannica.com/place/Saudi-Arabia</ref><br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q37024|Q37024]] | SCG<ref name="ref_a998332fc626f8b32ec1bc2e0ca26894f577cc645a6f823d717ad80c0c92bc11">https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/archive/pdf/en/iso_3166-3_newsletter_i-4.pdf</ref> | SCG | [[File:Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q37024|Serbia and Montenegro]]'' | [[File:Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]] | 102350 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1049|Q1049]] | SDN | SUD | [[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sudan]] | [[File:Sudan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Khartum]]<ref name="ref_f614a8712937ff1634d6897a7a17762b8e7c190229f64df3933a3aed4e86ecf8">https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan</ref> | 1886068<br/>1840687<ref name="ref_f614a8712937ff1634d6897a7a17762b8e7c190229f64df3933a3aed4e86ecf8">https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_f614a8712937ff1634d6897a7a17762b8e7c190229f64df3933a3aed4e86ecf8">https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1088391|rump state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q486972|localitate populate]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1041|Q1041]] | SEN | SEN | [[File:Flag of Senegal.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Senegal.svg|center|48px]] | [[Senegal]] | [[File:Senegal (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dakar]]<ref name="ref_c81b2460eda7b89f36604062751099ec2e0a1b1abbb0709c2d64b1f558db2da2">https://www.britannica.com/place/Senegal</ref> | 196722 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q334|Q334]] | SGP | SGP | [[File:Flag of Singapore.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Singapore.svg|center|48px]] | [[Singapur]] | [[File:Singapore on the globe (Southeast Asia centered) zoom.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Singapur]] | 719.1 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[citate]]<br/>''[[:d:Q2264924|port city]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1549591|citate grande]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q902814|border city]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>[[Citate global]]<br/>''[[:d:Q108178728|national capital]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q35086|Q35086]] | SGS | | [[File:Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q35086|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]]'' | [[File:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in United Kingdom.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q393878|King Edward Point]]'' | 4066<ref name="ref_1097db3498dc12af0c498a64ad23ec083cfd083d64d3eb711cef94f592126420">https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Georgia</ref><ref name="ref_4357fd1c053c1c9948ac2a5d9b7d2124115f2d6a55b7cae7fab32cf019aa56bc">https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Sandwich-Islands</ref> | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15239622|disputed territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q192184|Q192184]] | SHN | | [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q192184|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]'' | [[File:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha on the Globe (in the United Kingdom).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q30970|Jamestown]]'' | 394 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q842829|Q842829]] | SJM | | No/unknown value<br/>[[File:Flag of Norway.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q842829|Svalbard and Jan Mayen]]'' | [[File:Svalbard and Jan Mayen in the world (W3).svg|center|48px]] | | | 61399 | ''[[:d:Q15042037|statistical territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q685|Q685]] | SLB | SOL | [[File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Solomon Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[Insulas Salomon]] | [[File:Solomon Islands on the globe (Oceania centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q40921|Honiara]]'' | 28400 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1044|Q1044]] | SLE | SLE | [[File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Sierra Leone.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sierra Leone]] | [[File:Sierra Leone (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Freetown]] | 71740 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q792|Q792]] | SLV | ESA | [[File:Flag of El Salvador.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|center|48px]] | [[El Salvador]] | [[File:Orthographic Map of El Salvador.svg|center|48px]] | | [[San Salvador]] | 21041 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q238|Q238]] | SMR | SMR | [[File:Flag of San Marino.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of San Marino.svg|center|48px]] | [[San Marino]] | [[File:Location San Marino Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q1848|San Marino]]'' | 61.2 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q171441|enclave]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q244381|microstate]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1045|Q1045]] | SOM | SOM | [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Somalia]] | [[File:Somalia (orthographic projection)2.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Mogadiscio|Mogadishu]]<ref name="ref_e00d7da220a8570d8c21f3e5ecb549474fb0d3ca5dfb3b5481417e5a9a7fc2d0">https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Somalia;4169147.html</ref> | 637657 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q34617|Q34617]] | SPM | | [[File:Flag of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries SaintPierreetMiquelon.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q34617|Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]'' | [[File:Saint Pierre and Miquelon in France.svg|center|48px]] | FR-PM | ''[[:d:Q185678|Saint-Pierre]]'' | 242 | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q403|Q403]] | SRB | SRB | [[File:Flag of Serbia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Serbia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Serbia]] | [[File:Europe-Serbia (2006–2008).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]]<ref name="ref_c45902245eea33e4f11d3bf6ef345c5456cb8bec6ea3278dc70af18b81bc8d86">''[[:d:Q1287641|Constitution of Serbia]]''</ref> | 88499<ref name="ref_5dc6c90aa11e33f2f250e2ba6c7c763c70b43d6fc03e0cab6516dfeefe6d4081">https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/Pdf/G20212054.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q958|Q958]] | SSD | SSD | [[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of South Sudan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sudan del Sud]] | [[File:South Sudan hd (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Juba]] | 644329<ref name="ref_cc69373e9bad07d4f004a5f5aab7fe52f23ef8e4664c985f68ec563caa50d0ea">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-sudan/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1039|Q1039]] | STP | STP | [[File:Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg|center|48px]] | [[São Tomé e Príncipe]] | [[File:Sao Tome and Principe on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[São Tomé]] | 1001 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4198907|parliamentary republic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q158454|biosphere reserve]]''<ref name="ref_f15cce0aaf4bcc7168adeb395beefca9131e69ae44ffbb3ed154c895c8968bd8">https://www.rfi.fr/fr/environnement/20250927-l-unesco-d%C3%A9signe-26-nouvelles-r%C3%A9serves-de-biosph%C3%A8re-dont-l-%C3%AEle-de-s%C3%A3o-tom%C3%A9-et-principe</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q15180|Q15180]] | SUN | URS | [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1923–1936).svg|center|48px]] | [[Union Sovietic]] | [[File:Soviet Union on the globe (Soviet Union centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Moscova]] | 22402200 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q730|Q730]] | SUR | SUR | [[File:Flag of Suriname.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Suriname.svg|center|48px]] | [[Suriname]] | [[File:SURINAME orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Paramaribo]]<ref name="ref_52e1a04552ad206ee06eacdc12da16e6d252ff14217cef92337b03e307ca9c77">https://www.britannica.com/place/Paramaribo</ref> | 163270 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_1a98f5c135468b5a41684995abc313763fb463b9d28014223f3b95cc24d725b4">https://www.britannica.com/place/Suriname</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q116052725|national geopolitical entity]]''<ref name="ref_0e3eb26c7c9b8a4b2ecbae349ee1191d318db6dce17d409ca5c2c1a31aedc2b9">''[[:d:Q81661634|Gazetteer]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q214|Q214]] | SVK | SVK | [[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Slovakia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Slovachia]] | [[File:EU-Slovakia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bratislava]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 49034<ref name="ref_a7a4342b94af32933ebcce2cf712c39f8a59d3736f14ec754d7242dfd4f00729">''[[:d:Q125653046|Population density of Slovakia – SR-area-region-district, cities-rural [om7015rr] : Area (square meter)]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_c8dd025167a2874c30e876cf27d3c11de04faa882b2f18235479c86d76fd5fae">https://www.britannica.com/place/Slovakia</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q215|Q215]] | SVN | SLO | [[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Slovenia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Slovenia]] | [[File:EU-Slovenia.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ljubljana]] | 20271<ref name="ref_492e1685a33864a8ecd1ef9ca439efcffe18d8ae23067530c37b93bde4e62e2f">https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/File/DocSysFile/10033/Spremembe_povrsine_Slovenije.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_83a34f19a9dea4284386795fb8d7b2073ab81ce5bb40a9ec8407ae222cfb797a">https://www.britannica.com/place/Slovenia</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q22909549|unitary parliamentary republic]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q34|Q34]] | SWE<ref name="ref_95171a0234354c88a72cf398d9f0a2d7b6adace528ddd23393dcb795857a9638">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:SE</ref> | SWE | [[File:Flag of Sweden.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Great coat of arms of Sweden.svg|center|48px]] | [[Svedia]] | [[File:Sweden on the globe (Europe centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Stockholm]] | 447425.16<ref name="ref_1124edc9963ca21ee5771ef0570e8118e27324d5bc4bc05d7f79c63b1f77925f">https://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/sv/ssd/START__MI__MI0802/Areal2012N/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1050|Q1050]] | SWZ | SWZ | [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|center|48px]] | [[Eswatini]] | [[File:LocationEswatini.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lobamba]]<br/>[[Mbabane]] | 17364 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q417175|regno]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais in Africa |- | [[:d:Q26273|Q26273]] | SXM | | [[File:Flag of Sint Maarten.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Wapen van Sint Maarten.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sint Maarten]] | [[File:Sint Maarten on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | NL-SX<br/>SX | ''[[:d:Q30958|Philipsburg]]'' | 34 | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q15304003|pais del Regno del Paises Basse]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1042|Q1042]] | SYC | SEY | [[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Seychelles.svg|center|48px]] | [[Seychelles]] | [[File:SYC orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Victoria (Seychelles)|Victoria]] | 459 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q858|Q858]] | SYR | SYR | [[File:Flag of Syria (2025-).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Syria (2025–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[Syria]] | [[File:Syria (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Damasco]] | 185180 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q133156|colonia]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18221|Q18221]] | TCA | | [[File:Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q18221|Turks and Caicos Islands]]'' | [[File:Turks and Caicos Islands in its region.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q34205|Cockburn Town]]'' | 417 | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]''<br/>[[entitate territorial administrative]] | |- | [[:d:Q657|Q657]] | TCD | CHA | [[File:Flag of Chad.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Chad.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tchad]] | [[File:TCD orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[N'Djamena]] | 1284000 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q945|Q945]] | TGO | TOG | [[File:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Armoiries du Togo.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_fffc7b435c279fc8e3b1f7f88e349523ca571e2226ff624cc2995bee274222ae">https://novissi.gouv.tg/en/home-new-en/</ref> | [[Togo]] | [[File:Togo on the globe (Africa centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lomé]] | 56785 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q869|Q869]] | THA | THA | [[File:Flag of Thailand.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Thailand.svg|center|48px]] | [[Thailanda]] | [[File:Thailand (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Bangkok]] | 513119.5<ref name="ref_1b8baf50a56047936437bf57fa007e9f7a73385d6a7341a3edadc4bec269e1a6">http://web.nso.go.th/en/census/poph/data/090913_MajorFindings_10.pdf</ref> | [[Monarchia constitutional]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q863|Q863]] | TJK | TJK | [[File:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Tajikistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tajikistan]] | [[File:Tajikistan (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dushanbe]] | 143100 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q36823|Q36823]] | TKL | | [[File:Flag of Tokelau.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Badge of Tokelau.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q36823|Tokelau]]'' | [[File:LocationTokelau.png|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q650847|Fakaofo]]'' | 10 | ''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q161243|territorio dependente]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1048835|political territorial entity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q874|Q874]] | TKM | TKM | [[File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Turkmenistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Turkmenistan]] | [[File:Turkmenistan on the globe (Turkmenistan centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ashgabat]] | 491210 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q574|Q574]] | TLS | TLS | [[File:Flag of East Timor.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of East Timor.svg|center|48px]] | [[Timor Oriental]] | [[File:Timor Leste (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q9310|Dili]]'' | 14918.72 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_b1f8f077ea5d3c681a2f4f96ba504671dcc7ddb3da5d993ebfb50e9d8207e83c">https://www.britannica.com/place/East-Timor</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q678|Q678]] | TON | TGA | [[File:Flag of Tonga.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tonga.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tonga]] | [[File:Tonga on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q38834|Nukuʻalofa]]'' | 748.506563 | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q918240|territorial evolution of the British Empire]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q754|Q754]] | TTO | TTO | [[File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Trinidad and Tobago (2025).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q754|Trinidad e Tobago]]'' | [[File:Trinidad and Tobago (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q39178|Port of Spain]]'' | 5128 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<ref name="ref_c573dc856d9a7c25548c2cf2950f1d67447c41f12257c3e4c281175f0617a00c">https://www.britannica.com/place/Trinidad-and-Tobago</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q948|Q948]] | TUN<ref name="ref_9bd21836e74dfd8edf39f73fa57a5d1fc7a3bcf4d6d0173d73a100aacff01d35">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:TN</ref> | TUN | [[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tunisia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tunisia]] | [[File:Tunisia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tunis]]<ref name="ref_88ce9717ec72824287896e8dec4b5443f0fc722f6fbb7ede486346a09909b211">https://www.britannica.com/place/Tunisia</ref> | 163610<ref name="ref_f2a564e8bc55a0e6132abb0644692ca17f2c61a6cfb59027e3d0a8b03e3a1c9b">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ts.html</ref> | [[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q43|Q43]] | TUR | TUR | [[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Turkey.svg|center|48px]] | [[Turchia]] | [[File:Turkey (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Ankara]]<ref name="ref_7ed18971eda0d85c91db4f5fac9a99c611d97fb8d71bd5aefd996b13a5d40bf2">''[[:d:Q237227|Brockhaus Enzyklopädie]]''</ref> | 783562<ref name="ref_908cb0b705445b32704dd008e1db18a95b528c763ffcf9456df5877bed87be08">''[[:d:Q11191|The World Factbook]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais transcontinental]]<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_9e59fb0cade2e24af05b8139af1c56c8541241a8b9a620ca0b1c15c7c4c3fc35">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q619610|social state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q339834|regional power]]''<br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q672|Q672]] | TUV | TUV | [[File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tuvalu]] | [[File:Tuvalu on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Funafuti]] | 25.14 | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q865|Q865]] | TWN | TPE<ref name="ref_57a0ad33f5b6f27f02f92a9efa64f01b99937ab26de151c23288f5b72c3c0fb2">https://olympics.com/en/news/paris-2024-olympics-full-list-ioc-national-olympic-committee-codes</ref> | [[File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:National Emblem of the Republic of China.svg|center|48px]] | [[Taiwan|Republica de China]] | [[File:Locator map of the ROC Taiwan.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Taipei]] | 36193<br/>11418174 | [[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q5255892|republica democratic]]''<ref name="ref_a9f70626dc74e5b985084e8b1f64ad3ff7e0f85a25e82df819ca2f9557c85049">''[[:d:Q213099|Constitution of the Republic of China]]''</ref><ref name="ref_c1a15e1a1d9b909b4bb07e4dc4f5be3a202d16916c872c87fb7d5f3047286520">''[[:d:Q10926890|Fundamentals of National Reconstruction]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10711424|stato non recognoscite]]''<ref name="ref_c905fbbcd72d58c0d5b3cbabd51cf692c8b26048dc5f0e526c86e110f12e8bc0">https://docs.un.org/en/A/RES/2758(XXVI)</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q924|Q924]] | TZA | TAN | [[File:Flag of Tanzania.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Tanzania.svg|center|48px]] | [[Tanzania]] | [[File:Tanzania (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Dodoma]] | 947303 | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q1036|Q1036]] | UGA | UGA | [[File:Flag of Uganda.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Uganda.svg|center|48px]] | [[Uganda]] | [[File:Uganda (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kampala]] | 241038 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_96c78443365f47d6b9190ab9c0a9f169f7cc2ed3f7942acfef00afdbabc34b44">https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/what-uganda-has-gone-through-since-1962--4787868#story</ref><br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q212|Q212]] | UKR | UKR | [[File:Flag of Ukraine.svg|center|48px]]<ref name="ref_5ed3251867e0b91b05961b69a825c79af31d20592aa1b6c6c02c084f36419866">''[[:d:Q127974|flag of Ukraine]]''</ref> | [[File:Coat of Arms of Ukraine (Pantone).svg|center|48px]] | [[Ukraina]] | [[File:Ukraine (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Kiovia|Kiev]]<ref name="ref_d7f3fbf911ccc5e0cabba1efbe3a7d2fe53e36a359a9eb710109378e62030924">''[[:d:Q4041526|Internetowa encyklopedia PWN]]''</ref> | 603550<ref name="ref_639b4cacb792146ec143caffa6445dcd00277784997c2ed13ebef532a6ddd8c4">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_6ffc63bfb6be52fa62e52df154cb155bb3608a135ef80e4f6f72beb583682da2">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/up.html</ref><ref name="ref_7f356e30362b34841f34d2d2aa38ba88bf15d98584825e43e49f099d271bd872">http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30096/Ukraine</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q179164|stato unitari]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>[[republica]]<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q619610|social state]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4209223|stato de derecto]]''<ref name="ref_d04d8d7f5731ee4d65658b5b251738e4774f75263e16fe3f0e76820ea3f141d2">''[[:d:Q1549039|Constitution of Ukraine]]''</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q4835091|territory]]''<ref name="ref_26acfc01b6c3b5a18a274ccd29ed3d723b814fc3cbec9643244ef3238ffb54cf">''[[:d:Q1048515|political world map]]''</ref> | pais de Europa oriental |- | [[:d:Q16645|Q16645]] | UMI | | [[File:Flag of the United States.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Insulas minor peripheric del Statos Unite]] | [[File:United States Minor Outlying Islands in Oceania.svg|center|48px]] | US-UM | | 34.2 | ''[[:d:Q1402592|island group]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q15042037|statistical territorial entity]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<ref name="ref_4d80a9e7ddc84c2bda41cb23318f27faf6fe7628d4c9954662c5c77f43af71a8">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:US</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q77|Q77]] | URY | URU | [[File:Flag of Uruguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Uruguay.svg|center|48px]] | [[Uruguay]] | [[File:URY orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Montevideo]]<ref name="ref_3fc46b9f24a8ea483e8de2a69e4e9850b7ca55f5a20994df6ed612892cc8a304">https://www.workwithdata.com/place/uruguay</ref><ref name="ref_e76476386b1c7393b822601413274c49469ca9cf856e7ae74c27066df85569f7">https://www.britannica.com/place/Montevideo</ref> | 176215 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>[[stato secular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30|Q30]] | USA<ref name="ref_4d80a9e7ddc84c2bda41cb23318f27faf6fe7628d4c9954662c5c77f43af71a8">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:US</ref> | USA | [[File:Flag of the United States (DDD-F-416E specifications).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg|center|48px]] | [[Statos Unite de America]] | [[File:United States - Location Map (2013) - USA - UNOCHA.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] | 9826675<ref name="ref_158b76717a8d3648e58dc700a173d3d72f9618fe9f4fc4c9da55926b3b0d968a">https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-constitutes-united-states-what-are-official-definitions?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<ref name="ref_6aab621fef4b62124bd99d03b3d27640d6e75323aa147063e7d7135c8724a7f3">https://www.state.gov/independent-states-in-the-world/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1520223|republica constitutional]]''<ref name="ref_15d163f094125b482bbc520c7fa6ba12a1ebb8ae40c6bdb80c6567f0517a1c5e">https://ar.usembassy.gov/education-culture/irc/u-s-government/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q5255892|republica democratic]]''<ref name="ref_15d163f094125b482bbc520c7fa6ba12a1ebb8ae40c6bdb80c6567f0517a1c5e">https://ar.usembassy.gov/education-culture/irc/u-s-government/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q512187|republica federal]]''<ref name="ref_fb44dbd8e36ba0b1337ed6b2078b4ca9e01a621aeb978bf3115574eb73965cec">https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q1489259|superpower]]''<ref name="ref_1fa1a4f64f5d95d69a7fcec547fbd4905661d87c5a74714ab8ce8597ee0d5750">''[[:d:Q24715317|Владимир Путин: Америка — великая держава. Сегодня, наверное, единственная супердержава]]''</ref><br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_fb44dbd8e36ba0b1337ed6b2078b4ca9e01a621aeb978bf3115574eb73965cec">https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q265|Q265]] | UZB | UZB | [[File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg|center|48px]] | [[Uzbekistan]] | [[File:UZB orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Tashkent]] | 448978 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q136361597|doubly landlocked country]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q237|Q237]] | VAT | | [[File:Flag of Vatican City (2023–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Vatican City (2023–present).svg|center|48px]] | [[Citate Vatican]] | [[File:Location of the Vatican City in Europe.svg|center|48px]] | | | 0.49 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[Citate-stato]]<br/>''[[:d:Q171441|enclave]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q570116|attraction touristic]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q51576574|pais mediterranee]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q98116669|religious complex]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q19691007|institutional complex]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q702492|area urban]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1200957|tourist destination]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q10551526|confessional state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q7396640|sacerdotal state]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q127693126|successor state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q757|Q757]] | VCT | VIN | [[File:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|center|48px]] | [[Sancte Vincente e le Grenadinas]] | [[File:VCT orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q41474|Kingstown]]'' | 389 | ''[[:d:Q202686|regno del Communitate de Nationes]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q717|Q717]] | VEN | VEN | [[File:Flag of Venezuela.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Venezuela.svg|center|48px]] | [[Venezuela]] | [[File:VEN orthographic.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Caracas]]<ref name="ref_0699b1d421cf48df1ee46536b2b2a66a9edd82209d275b51429b57f0de650271">https://www.britannica.com/place/Caracas</ref> | 912050<ref name="ref_90f6a005933e51fbb611f3aa52ceea99d3816700979d4b354ae5b28dd7e68559">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/venezuela/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | pais de America del Sud |- | [[:d:Q25305|Q25305]] | VGB | IVB | [[File:Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of the British Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q25305|British Virgin Islands]]'' | [[File:British Virgin Islands on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | VG | ''[[:d:Q179431|Road Town]]'' | 151<ref name="ref_e77c3143946f97a1b9395ae27045f559aea6cabe773e7a9b5bc9a76e45f785d3">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-virgin-islands/summaries/#geography</ref> | ''[[:d:Q46395|British overseas territory]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11703|Q11703]] | VIR | ISV | [[File:Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Seal of the United States Virgin Islands.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q11703|United States Virgin Islands]]'' | [[File:United States Virgin Islands on the globe (Americas centered).svg|center|48px]] | VI | ''[[:d:Q51681|Charlotte Amalie]]'' | 346.36 | ''[[:d:Q783733|unincorporated territory of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q462778|insular area of the United States]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1352230|territory of the United States]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q881|Q881]] | VNM | VIE | [[File:Flag of Vietnam.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Vietnam.svg|center|48px]] | [[Vietnam]] | [[File:Vietnam on the globe (Asia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Hanoi]]<ref name="ref_3aed807b6075b8ef155bd1119cddbbd8e302626d754fc0a3982652f6327246b2">''[[:d:Q16481310|2013 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]]''</ref> | 331690 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q849866|communist state]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q686|Q686]] | VUT | VAN | [[File:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Vanuatu.svg|center|48px]] | [[Vanuatu]] | [[File:Vanuatu on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q37806|Port Vila]]'' | 12190 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]]<br/>''[[:d:Q11815167|archipelagic state]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q35555|Q35555]] | WLF | | [[File:Flag of Wallis and Futuna.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:BlasonWallisetFutuna.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q35555|Wallis and Futuna]]'' | [[File:Wallis and Futuna in France (zoomed).svg|center|48px]] | FR-WF | ''[[:d:Q31002|Mata-Utu]]'' | 274 | ''[[:d:Q719487|collectivitate de ultramar]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q683|Q683]] | WSM | SAM | [[File:Flag of Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Samoa.svg|center|48px]] | [[Samoa]] | [[File:Samoa on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q36260|Apia]]'' | 2842 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[stato insular]]<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q805|Q805]] | YEM | YEM | [[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Yemen (2).svg|center|48px]] | [[Yemen]] | [[File:Yemen (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | ''[[:d:Q2471|Sanaa]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q131694|Aden]]'' | 455503<ref name="ref_ebc80d4de9e57e498d814be8659c85f46f8cb22f2e2b24a8d77ca4ae01062591">https://web.archive.org/web/20250830101157/https://ye.chm-cbd.net/sites/ye/files/2022-05/NSES.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q83286|Q83286]] | YUG | | [[File:Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Emblem of Yugoslavia (1963–1992).svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q83286|Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]'' | [[File:Yugoslavia 1956-1990.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]] | 255804 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q838261|Q838261]] | YUG | | [[File:Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006).svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | ''[[:d:Q838261|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]'' | [[File:Serbia and Montenegro.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Belgrad]] | 102350 | ''[[:d:Q3024240|stato preterite]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q258|Q258]] | ZAF | RSA | [[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (1932–2000).svg|center|48px]] | [[Africa del Sud]] | [[File:South Africa (centered orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Pretoria]]<ref name="ref_e016a0a9fa84f77a0ce9f70011c80327375099e0856a27f8bdd5eb059778bd91">https://www.britannica.com/place/Pretoria</ref><br/>[[Bloemfontein]]<ref name="ref_8e4f559810fb0e8532e1f9f47806b2ef0da9b99e85a23ce8c9c97f1596742cb5">https://www.britannica.com/place/Bloemfontein</ref><br/>[[Citate del Capo]]<ref name="ref_72ff1fe63b7d954d009abec7e872791bd15a585eb4550818fb4f03c307704209">https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Town</ref> | 1221037 | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[pais]]<ref name="ref_75a34f180443094d88be17c25626e3f63da9b5cd5a5f75fd320c2111bb8b8706">https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Africa</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q953|Q953]] | ZMB | ZAM | [[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Zambia.svg|center|48px]] | [[Zambia]] | [[File:Zambia (orthographic projection).svg|center|48px]] | | [[Lusaka]] | 752618<ref name="ref_c11b0824a3f2a6707a8190c5588e3333b8214717ff23a600d9ae0410d02ff42f">http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>[[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |- | [[:d:Q954|Q954]] | ZWE | ZIM | [[File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|center|48px]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Zimbabwe.svg|center|48px]] | [[Zimbabwe]] | [[File:LocationZimbabwe.svg|center|48px]] | | [[Harare]] | 390757<ref name="ref_1dce4a8b917510d678fa50fb5300544652cf231b551806ae27c17c359782f237">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html</ref> | [[republica]]<br/>''[[:d:Q3624078|stato soveran]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q123480|pais sin accesso al mar]]''<br/>[[pais]] | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 2mwwej5af2ppoogfazeyj1hl3pjf75y 1941-06 0 40561 696240 696225 2026-03-31T17:05:48Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1941-07-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1941-06-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q79478571|Q79478571]] | 1941-06-02<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1941-06-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478571|Watercolors by J. M. D. Olmsted]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890638|Q110890638]] | 1941-06-03 | 1941-07-18 | ''[[:d:Q110890638|New Acquisitions: European Paintings]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890640|Q110890640]] | 1941-06-03 | 1941-07-18 | ''[[:d:Q110890640|Sculpture and Sculptor's Drawings]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890641|Q110890641]] | 1941-06-05 | 1941-10-03 | ''[[:d:Q110890641|A History of American Movies]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478576|Q79478576]] | 1941-06-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-06-12<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478576|Flowers as Art - Arrangements by Museum Classes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q770698|Q770698]] | 1941-06-08 | 1941-07-14 | ''[[:d:Q770698|Syria–Lebanon campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q29075700|Q29075700]] | 1941-06-08 | 1941-07-14 | ''[[:d:Q29075700|Battle of Sidon]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q109467689|Q109467689]] | 1941-06-08<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5">https://www.nationalmuseum.se/assets/Dokument/Utst%C3%A4llningar-1866-2017.pdf</ref> | 1941-10-01<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467689|Nyförvärv, teckningar och grafik 1940]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115019035|Q115019035]] | 1941-06-09 | 1941-06-30 | ''[[:d:Q115019035|Index of American Design, New York City WPA Art Project]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478579|Q79478579]] | 1941-06-10<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-06-25<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478579|Paintings from "The Long Voyage Home"]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890642|Q110890642]] | 1941-06-11 | 1941-06-26 | ''[[:d:Q110890642|A History of the Modern Poster]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q941834|Q941834]] | 1941-06-12 | 1941-07-06 | ''[[:d:Q941834|1941 Vuelta a España]]'' | ''[[:d:Q33937|Vuelta a España]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478582|Q79478582]] | 1941-06-12<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478582|Mural Paintings and Paintings by Candido Portinari]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q11322081|Q11322081]] | 1941-06-13 | 1941-06-14 | ''[[:d:Q11322081|Operation Tracer]]'' | ''[[:d:Q113782315|naval operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478585|Q79478585]] | 1941-06-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-06-27<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478585|Eastman Kodak Photographs, Prize Winners of 1940]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q682399|Q682399]] | 1941-06-15 | 1941-06-17 | ''[[:d:Q682399|Operation Battleaxe]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4871454|Q4871454]] | 1941-06-15<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-06-17<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q4871454|Battle of Kissoué]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q138773112|Q138773112]] | 1941-06-15<ref name="ref_a7ebdf0c26b36dd3a8c2dc80aa781af0592601ec5679db438bbe3d1c89ebf2d3">https://placesofpride.awm.gov.au/stories/239611/260576</ref> | 1943-12-09<ref name="ref_a7ebdf0c26b36dd3a8c2dc80aa781af0592601ec5679db438bbe3d1c89ebf2d3"/> | ''[[:d:Q138773112|No. 2 Bombing and Gunnery School]]'' | ''[[:d:Q78634583|military training unit]]''<ref name="ref_1c1c6f38df15fa4b843c5d7842bce24111b2750830b83ab3e99351ed65edd3c6">https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/U59494</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q79478589|Q79478589]] | 1941-06-16<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-06-30<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478589|Camera Club Photographs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478591|Q79478591]] | 1941-06-16<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-06-29<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478591|Prints by Charles Surendorf]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478595|Q79478595]] | 1941-06-17<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478595|Paintings by Eleanore Bates]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478598|Q79478598]] | 1941-06-17<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478598|Sculpture by Zygmund Sazevich]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4671621|Q4671621]] | 1941-06-18 | 1941-06-21 | ''[[:d:Q4671621|Battle of Damascus]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q16931765|Q16931765]] | 1941-06-18 | 1941-07-12 | ''[[:d:Q16931765|Convoy SL 78]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478603|Q79478603]] | 1941-06-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478603|Architecture Around San Francisco Bay]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4871714|Q4871714]] | 1941-06-19 | 1941-06-24 | ''[[:d:Q4871714|Battle of Merdjayoun]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q133040520|Q133040520]] | 1941-06-21 | 1941-10-01 | ''[[:d:Q133040520|Tentoonstelling van schilderijen der Utrechtsche School]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q83055|Q83055]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-12-05 | ''[[:d:Q83055|Operation Barbarossa]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q189266|Q189266]] | 1941-06-22 | 1945-05-07<br/>1955-01-21 | ''[[:d:Q189266|Eastern Front]]'' | ''[[:d:Q842332|war front]]''<br/>[[guerra]] | |- | [[:d:Q327061|Q327061]] | 1941-06-22<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-07-03 | ''[[:d:Q327061|Battle of Białystok–Minsk]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q384680|Q384680]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-12-02 | ''[[:d:Q384680|Battle of Hanko]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q611789|Q611789]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-06-29 | ''[[:d:Q611789|Defense of Brest Fortress]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2083668|Q2083668]] | 1941-06-22 | 1945-01-28 | ''[[:d:Q2083668|German occupation of Lithuania during World War II]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188686|military occupation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2563727|Q2563727]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-06-27 | ''[[:d:Q2563727|Bombing of Minsk in World War II]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4688003|aerial bombing of a city]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2953425|Q2953425]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-07-20 | ''[[:d:Q2953425|1941 Norrländska Mästerskapet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4538839|Q4538839]] | 1941-06-22 | 1945-05-09 | ''[[:d:Q4538839|Ярославская область в Великой Отечественной войне]]'' | | |- | [[:d:Q4830610|Q4830610]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-12 | ''[[:d:Q4830610|Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q87406445|Q87406445]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-06-07 | ''[[:d:Q87406445|Gentsch Photosalon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q87406446|Q87406446]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-06-07 | ''[[:d:Q87406446|De Kunstenaar en de Grafiek]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q96149130|Q96149130]] | 1941-06-22 | 1941-06-30 | ''[[:d:Q96149130|Battle of Lwów]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q130282483|Q130282483]] | 1941-06-22 | 1944-08-23 | ''[[:d:Q130282483|Participarea României în Campania din Est împotriva Uniunii Sovietice]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q134053500|Q134053500]] | 1941-06-22<ref name="ref_19dd9ab706e94df6d71d90006d999cf5cde33c8563c3394a0342cb7ad646477e">https://data.library.amnh.org/archives-authorities/id/amnhc_2000422</ref><ref name="ref_9f35910f190005beee6517ec10b99b2582dd2b27e8ae47eeec6f021580ffc1b1">https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstreams/a25b306b-59b2-4c58-b80e-1769d482ee8b/download</ref> | 1941-08-31<ref name="ref_19dd9ab706e94df6d71d90006d999cf5cde33c8563c3394a0342cb7ad646477e"/><ref name="ref_9f35910f190005beee6517ec10b99b2582dd2b27e8ae47eeec6f021580ffc1b1"/> | ''[[:d:Q134053500|Alberta-British Columbia Expedition 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q366301|research expedition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q708213|Q708213]] | 1941-06-23 | 1941-06-30 | ''[[:d:Q708213|Battle of Brody]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1528565|Q1528565]] | 1941-06-23 | 1941-06-27 | ''[[:d:Q1528565|Battle of Raseiniai]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q12760414|Q12760414]] | 1941-06-23 | 1941-07-07 | ''[[:d:Q12760414|June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina]]'' | ''[[:d:Q124734|rebellion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q112685574|Q112685574]] | 1941-06-24 | 1941-06-25 | ''[[:d:Q112685574|Raseiniai KV]]'' | ''[[:d:Q608573|KV-1]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q122100|Q122100]] | 1941-06-25<ref name="ref_60a85a9ad331c5d50540f7ff305fdf6c0e3d0a129437f144156f397ef2d64e6d">http://yle.fi/aihe/artikkeli/2012/11/08/valirauhan-aika</ref> | 1944-09-19<ref name="ref_60a85a9ad331c5d50540f7ff305fdf6c0e3d0a129437f144156f397ef2d64e6d"/> | ''[[:d:Q122100|Continuation War]]'' | [[guerra]] | |- | [[:d:Q18343100|Q18343100]] | 1941-06-25 | 1941-12-08 | ''[[:d:Q18343100|jatkosodan hyökkäysvaihe]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2001676|offensive]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046667|Q126046667]] | 1941-06-25 | 1941-07-24<br/>1941-07-25 | ''[[:d:Q126046667|Jumada al-Thani 1360 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478605|Q79478605]] | 1941-06-26<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478605|All-American Photographic Salon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478608|Q79478608]] | 1941-06-27<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478608|Exhibition of 48 States Mural Designs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467690|Q109467690]] | 1941-06-27<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | 1941-08-17<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467690|Minnesutställning över Märta Måås-Fjetterström]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q17126188|Q17126188]] | 1941-06-28 | 1944-07-03 | ''[[:d:Q17126188|German occupation of Minsk during World War II]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188686|military occupation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q313442|Q313442]] | 1941-06-29 | 1941-11-17<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q313442|Operation Silver Fox]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1102584|Q1102584]] | 1941-06-29 | 1941-07-06 | ''[[:d:Q1102584|Iași pogrom]]'' | [[Pogrom]]<br/>''[[:d:Q135010|war crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2310242|Q2310242]] | 1941-06-29 | 1941-09-21 | ''[[:d:Q2310242|Operation Platinum Fox]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2915791|Q2915791]] | 1941-06-29 | 1942-04 | ''[[:d:Q2915791|Liepāja Massacres]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3199915|massacre]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q100342394|Q100342394]] | 1941-06-29<ref name="ref_30d7361782a51e43658f0b34db61911844ed6e8a75956757b65fd8940f521908">https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11840/exh1227</ref> | 1941-05-10<ref name="ref_30d7361782a51e43658f0b34db61911844ed6e8a75956757b65fd8940f521908"/> | ''[[:d:Q100342394|Chineesche, Japansche en Indische kunst]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q667890|Q667890]] | 1941-06-30 | 1941-07-02 | ''[[:d:Q667890|Lviv pogroms]]'' | [[Pogrom]] | |- | [[:d:Q3919386|Q3919386]] | 1941-06-30 | 1941-07-03 | ''[[:d:Q3919386|Defense of Borisov]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478611|Q79478611]] | 1941-06-30<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-07-13<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478611|Watercolors And Lithographs by B. Ullrich Prendergast]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890643|Q110890643]] | 1941-06-30 | 1941-07-27 | ''[[:d:Q110890643|Paul Klee]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 2vci0gj3mh1l65e67ipa1cpip2xvqs3 1941-08 0 40563 696241 696233 2026-03-31T17:06:56Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1941-09-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1941-08-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q110890651|Q110890651]] | 1941-08-04 | 1941-10-15 | ''[[:d:Q110890651|Techniques of Painting]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890652|Q110890652]] | 1941-08-04 | 1941-09-08 | ''[[:d:Q110890652|Stockholm Builds]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4450513|Q4450513]] | 1941-08-05 | 1941-08-28 | ''[[:d:Q4450513|Tallinn Defensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478665|Q79478665]] | 1941-08-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1941-08-17<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478665|Stanley Wood Watercolors]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478669|Q79478669]] | 1941-08-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-09-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478669|They Taught Themselves]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q520930|Q520930]] | 1941-08-06 | 1945-01-04 | ''[[:d:Q520930|Star-Spangled Comics]]'' | ''[[:d:Q14406742|comic book series]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3636413|Q3636413]] | 1941-08-06 | 1941-11-21 | ''[[:d:Q3636413|Battle of Culqualber]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478672|Q79478672]] | 1941-08-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478672|Drawings by Henri Gaudier-Brzeska]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q162284|Q162284]] | 1941-08-07 | 1941-09-26 | ''[[:d:Q162284|Battle of Kiev]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1406017|Q1406017]] | 1941-08-07 | 1941-09-05 | ''[[:d:Q1406017|Soviet air strikes on Berlin]]'' | ''[[:d:Q17524420|aspect of history]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4688003|aerial bombing of a city]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478677|Q79478677]] | 1941-08-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-08-24<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478677|Students of the California School of Fine Arts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q136313346|Q136313346]] | 1941-08-07 | 1941-08-09 | ''[[:d:Q136313346|Operation Kosmaj]]'' | ''[[:d:Q180684|conflict]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q682409|Q682409]] | 1941-08-08 | 1941-10-16 | ''[[:d:Q682409|Siege of Odesa 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]''<br/>[[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q13475356|Q13475356]] | 1941-08-09 | 1941-08-12 | ''[[:d:Q13475356|Conference of Placentia Bay]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2761147|meeting]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478681|Q79478681]] | 1941-08-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-08-24<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478681|Paintings by Arshile Gorky]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q16681155|Q16681155]] | 1941-08-10 | 1941-08-21 | ''[[:d:Q16681155|Novgorod-Chudovskaya Defensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30889810|Q30889810]] | 1941-08-11 | 1945-10-14 | ''[[:d:Q30889810|Special purpose company of the Baltic Fleet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q176799|military unit]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478684|Q79478684]] | 1941-08-11<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-08-24<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478684|Paintings by Mine Okubo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4231751|Q4231751]] | 1941-08-12 | 1941-08-15 | ''[[:d:Q4231751|Staraya Russa counter-offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478689|Q79478689]] | 1941-08-12<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-09-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478689|Paintings by Fernand Leger]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890654|Q110890654]] | 1941-08-12 | 1941-08-25 | ''[[:d:Q110890654|American Watercolors; Lettering and Arrangements in Poster Design]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16934384|Q16934384]] | 1941-08-13 | 1941-08-25 | ''[[:d:Q16934384|Convoy OG 71]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2409886|Q2409886]] | 1941-08-18 | 1941-09-02 | ''[[:d:Q2409886|1941 U.S. National Championships]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123577|US Open]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q47345468|tennis tournament edition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q65303359|Q65303359]] | 1941-08-18 | 1942-01-16 | ''[[:d:Q65303359|Masakr u srebreničkom kotaru]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3199915|massacre]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478692|Q79478692]] | 1941-08-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-09-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478692|Sculpture by Jan Sabre]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q3996094|Q3996094]] | 1941-08-23 | 1941-08-24 | ''[[:d:Q3996094|1941 Tour de Suisse]]'' | ''[[:d:Q83261|Tour de Suisse]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046669|Q126046669]] | 1941-08-23 | 1941-09-21<br/>1941-09-22 | ''[[:d:Q126046669|Sha'ban 1360 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q541369|Q541369]] | 1941-08-25 | 1941-09-17 | ''[[:d:Q541369|Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1324220|Q1324220]] | 1941-08-25<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-09-03<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1324220|Operation Gauntlet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478696|Q79478696]] | 1941-08-25<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-09-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478696|Drawings by Dorr Bothwell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890655|Q110890655]] | 1941-08-26 | 1941-09-15 | ''[[:d:Q110890655|Ancestral Sources of Modern Painting]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478699|Q79478699]] | 1941-08-28<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-09-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478699|Recent Museum Acquisitions: Gifts of William L. Gerstle]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q3091179|Q3091179]] | 1941-08-29 | 1944-08-11 | ''[[:d:Q3091179|executed at Mont Valérien]]'' | ''[[:d:Q12139612|list]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1190554|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5841688|Q5841688]] | 1941-08-29 | 1941-08-31 | ''[[:d:Q5841688|Segundo Congreso Nacional Campesino]]'' | | |- | [[:d:Q714211|Q714211]] | 1941-08-30 | 1941-09-08 | ''[[:d:Q714211|Yelnya Offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2001676|offensive]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11543646|Q11543646]] | 1941-08-30 | 1946 | ''[[:d:Q11543646|Saka Medical College]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11510984|medical specialized school in Japan]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q43080121|Q43080121]] | 1941-08-30 | 1941-09-12 | ''[[:d:Q43080121|Roslavl–Novozybkov Offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2001676|offensive]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q499839|Q499839]] | 1941-08-31 | 1942-06-22 | ''[[:d:Q499839|1941–42 Nationalliga]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1269440|Q1269440]] | 1941-08-31<ref name="ref_40d9d1b5bd64d80b6b97ddbc039a34b052d288e84dcd239d7fcc42ac056246a5">https://prensacr.info/data/5d83561d0ddacf4070844fc3</ref><ref name="ref_c6401b25e20eeb2dcf4d2573ec427f07da0415b9f483bc2edae321d6e675dd39">https://prensacr.info/data/5da9d88a0ddacf73098bebd1</ref> | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_60b6052f430c6ac0faf427862f0ce378a26d14f065876987ad1658429002e144">https://prensacr.info/data/5da9f9270ddacf73098befe5</ref><ref name="ref_e8a5f178199051bbf28ad499d7e8f83b8c85ac246b83a1610744f8ce47db3264">https://prensacr.info/data/611f34da445c2c6addcd0355</ref><ref name="ref_896b284a6f57035d45fbcd96c40248a170308f63543958a68e3213e6f6857e3e">https://www.sinabi.go.cr/biblioteca%20digital/periodicos/Novedades/Novedades%201941/la-1%20de%20diciembre.pdf</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1269440|Primera División de Costa Rica 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11897194|Q11897194]] | 1941-08-31 | 1958 | ''[[:d:Q11897194|The Great Gildersleeve]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1555508|radio program]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 46jn4juqo2y5t2ltqq2i9btwww3ujkq 1941-09 0 40564 696242 696198 2026-03-31T17:07:38Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1941-10-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1941-09-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q123256010|Q123256010]] | 1941-09-01 | 2473-08-31 | ''[[:d:Q123256010|15 великий индиктион]]'' | ''[[:d:Q123255889|période de 532 ans]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30900479|Q30900479]] | 1941-09-04 | 1942-06-28 | ''[[:d:Q30900479|Prima Lega 1941-1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q134598352|Q134598352]] | 1941-09-04 | 1942-07-22 | ''[[:d:Q134598352|Überwachung des 'Judenhauses' in der Ellernstraße 16]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6983405|Nazi crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q134598547|Q134598547]] | 1941-09-04 | 1942-06 | ''[[:d:Q134598547|Überwachung des ‚Judenhauses‘ in der Lützowstraße 3, Hannover]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6983405|Nazi crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3223814|Q3223814]] | 1941-09-05 | 1942-01-15 | ''[[:d:Q3223814|Le Juif et la France]]'' | ''[[:d:Q464980|exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q319581|Q319581]] | 1941-09-06<br/>1941-09-08<ref name="ref_af8d7d6576d62501b927a37f7c775a88b9d344ce8095b37b9ecf683b34dc7fb6">https://www.klueser.de/story.php?id=26&battle=beowulf&language=de</ref> | 1941-10-22<br/>1941-10-21<ref name="ref_af8d7d6576d62501b927a37f7c775a88b9d344ce8095b37b9ecf683b34dc7fb6"/> | ''[[:d:Q319581|Operation Beowulf]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1759660|Q1759660]] | 1941-09-06 | 1941-10-08 | ''[[:d:Q1759660|Battle of Changsha]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4157826|Q4157826]] | 1941-09-06 | 1941-09-26 | ''[[:d:Q4157826|Demyansk Defensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q11954978|Q11954978]] | 1941-09-06 | 1941-09-14 | ''[[:d:Q11954978|1941 Volta a Catalunya]]'' | ''[[:d:Q755125|Volta a Catalunya]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104632762|Q104632762]] | 1941-09-06 | 1941-11-15 | ''[[:d:Q104632762|Nederlandsche grafiek van 1800 tot 1870]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q151860|Q151860]] | 1941-09-08 | 1944-01-27 | ''[[:d:Q151860|Siege of Leningrad]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]''<ref name="ref_8fb0e2684cce9fa7b19fdc630a76ddad0ea0326171712ab5274930a96b24bd7f">''[[:d:Q4088289|Siege of Leningrad in art]]''</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q6936089|Q6936089]] | 1941-09-08 | 1941-09-14 | ''[[:d:Q6936089|Munich 1941 chess tournament]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2210277|chess tournament]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16825730|Q16825730]] | 1941-09-08 | 1941-09-13 | ''[[:d:Q16825730|1941 Cabo San Lucas hurricane]]'' | ''[[:d:Q79602|cyclone]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478703|Q79478703]] | 1941-09-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1941-09-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478703|Paintings by Karl Kasten]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q5166662|Q5166662]] | 1941-09-09 | 1941-09-12 | ''[[:d:Q5166662|Convoy SC 42]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478707|Q79478707]] | 1941-09-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-09-28<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478707|Sculpture by Paul McReynolds]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890656|Q110890656]] | 1941-09-09 | 1941-10-19 | ''[[:d:Q110890656|Photographs by David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890657|Q110890657]] | 1941-09-09 | 1941-09-30 | ''[[:d:Q110890657|The Wooden House in America]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4028035|Q4028035]] | 1941-09-10 | 1941-09-26 | ''[[:d:Q4028035|1st Sinyavino Offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478710|Q79478710]] | 1941-09-11<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478710|Sixty-First Annual Exhibition of the San Francisco Art Association - Oil, Tempera on Panel, Sculpture]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q3653845|Q3653845]] | 1941-09-13 | 1943-09-04 | ''[[:d:Q3653845|1941–42 Palestine League]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2636865|Q2636865]] | 1941-09-14 | 1942-05-24 | ''[[:d:Q2636865|1941–42 Belgian First Division]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q207480|Q207480]] | 1941-09-16 | 1941-09-27 | ''[[:d:Q207480|1941 Texas hurricane]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2547976|North Atlantic tropical cyclone]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890658|Q110890658]] | 1941-09-16 | 1941-10-14 | ''[[:d:Q110890658|Twenty Lithographs: Graphic Art Processes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16201563|Q16201563]] | 1941-09-20 | 1941-11-15 | ''[[:d:Q16201563|1941 Palestine Cup]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q12748965|Q12748965]] | 1941-09-21 | 1941-09-26 | ''[[:d:Q12748965|Attack on Šabac]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q115019040|Q115019040]] | 1941-09-21 | 1941-11-01 | ''[[:d:Q115019040|Photographs submitted in contest at The Cloisters]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046670|Q126046670]] | 1941-09-21<br/>1941-09-22 | 1941-10-21 | ''[[:d:Q126046670|Ramadan 1360 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478716|Q79478716]] | 1941-09-22<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478716|Lithographs by Jennie Vennerstrom Cannon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q2985550|Q2985550]] | 1941-09-24 | 1943-06 | ''[[:d:Q2985550|French National Committee]]'' | | |- | [[:d:Q29027046|Q29027046]] | 1941-09-24 | 1941-09-26 | ''[[:d:Q29027046|Mogilev conference]]'' | | |- | [[:d:Q110890659|Q110890659]] | 1941-09-24 | 1941-11-09 | ''[[:d:Q110890659|Organic Design in Home Furnishings]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2236679|Q2236679]] | 1941-09-26 | 1941-10-11 | ''[[:d:Q2236679|Battle of the Sea of Azov]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q40765|Q40765]] | 1941-09-27<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-11-29<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q40765|German Offensive Against Serbian Uprising]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q582956|punitive expedition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q135010|war crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3636569|Q3636569]] | 1941-09-27 | 1941-09-30 | ''[[:d:Q3636569|Battle of Petrikowka]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4677216|Q4677216]] | 1941-09-27 | 1941-09-28 | ''[[:d:Q4677216|Action in Tarafal Bay]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1261499|naval battle]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16251999|Q16251999]] | 1941-09-27 | 1944 | ''[[:d:Q16251999|Hama Rashid revolt]]'' | ''[[:d:Q6107280|revolt]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478719|Q79478719]] | 1941-09-27<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478719|Mobiles by Alexander Calder, Stabiles and Jewelry]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q834983|Q834983]] | 1941-09-28 | 1942-04-05 | ''[[:d:Q834983|1941–42 La Liga]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2992880|Q2992880]] | 1941-09-29 | 1941-10-01 | ''[[:d:Q2992880|Moscow Conference (1941)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q625994|conferentia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106880623|Q106880623]] | 1941-09-29 | 1941-09-30 | ''[[:d:Q106880623|Babi Yar massacre]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3199915|massacre]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q135010|war crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q151290|Q151290]] | 1941-09-30 | 1942-04-20 | ''[[:d:Q151290|Battle of Moscow]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478724|Q79478724]] | 1941-09-30<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478724|Sculpture by Harry Dick Ross]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890660|Q110890660]] | 1941-09-30 | 1943-07-28 | ''[[:d:Q110890660|New Acquisition: Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} nvy9l0aep2i59wrdosdmblwmzlckl4g 1941-10 0 40565 696243 696226 2026-03-31T17:08:25Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1941-11-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1941-10-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q4870577|Q4870577]] | 1941-10-02 | 1941-10-21 | ''[[:d:Q4870577|Battle of Bryansk]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q115019041|Q115019041]] | 1941-10-02 | 1943-06-05 | ''[[:d:Q115019041|Art of Australia, 1788–1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q137259250|Q137259250]] | 1941-10-02 | 1941-10-06 | ''[[:d:Q137259250|Battle of Pavlograd]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q207484|Q207484]] | 1941-10-03 | 1941-10-13<ref name="ref_0f624b98a582f9c45c0f88b627caac71cf2d0ab6a1946f5f594ae6bf99d833b1">''[[:d:Q43269466|International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q207484|1941 Florida hurricane]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2547976|North Atlantic tropical cyclone]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q133041089|Q133041089]] | 1941-10-04 | 1941-10-19 | ''[[:d:Q133041089|Indische kunst]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q742549|Q742549]] | 1941-10-05 | 1942-06-28 | ''[[:d:Q742549|1941–42 Coppa Italia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2347743|Q2347743]] | 1941-10-05 | 1941-11-30 | ''[[:d:Q2347743|1941 Croatian First League]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4443810|Q4443810]] | 1941-10-05 | 1941-10-08 | ''[[:d:Q4443810|Streltynsky Troopers]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4443812|Q4443812]] | 1941-10-05 | 1941-10-10 | ''[[:d:Q4443812|Strelna-Peterhof Offensive Operation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478727|Q79478727]] | 1941-10-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1941-10-26<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478727|Paintings by Loren MacIver]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478732|Q79478732]] | 1941-10-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478732|Pastels by Geneve Rixford Sargeant]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q90421942|Q90421942]] | 1941-10-06 | 1941-10-07 | ''[[:d:Q90421942|Battle of Mtsensk]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478736|Q79478736]] | 1941-10-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-26<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478736|Paintings by Barbara Stevenson]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890661|Q110890661]] | 1941-10-08 | 1941-11-02 | ''[[:d:Q110890661|George Grosz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q31083490|Q31083490]] | 1941-10-09 | 1941-10-31 | ''[[:d:Q31083490|Siege of Kraljevo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q63823954|Q63823954]] | 1941-10-09<ref name="ref_3387f0bf2a78bab1483530f9c73a9b5396880b0cddb42ea995f76dacc996d87e">https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2144447/Eerste-Jodenrazzia-in-Gelderland-70-mannen-afgevoerd-naar-Mauthausen</ref> | 1941-10-11<ref name="ref_3387f0bf2a78bab1483530f9c73a9b5396880b0cddb42ea995f76dacc996d87e"/> | ''[[:d:Q63823954|Transport van Arnhem naar Mauthausen op 9 oktober 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478742|Q79478742]] | 1941-10-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-26<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478742|The California School of Fine Arts Alumni Association Exhibition - Painting, Sculpture, Decorative Arts, Commercial Art and Illustration and Graphic Arts]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478744|Q79478744]] | 1941-10-10<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-10-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478744|Master Paintings from Bay Region Collections]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890662|Q110890662]] | 1941-10-10 | 1942-04-01 | ''[[:d:Q110890662|Buckminster Fuller's Dymaxion Deployment Unit]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q172068|Q172068]] | 1941-10-11 | 1944-11-23 | ''[[:d:Q172068|World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia]]'' | [[guerra]] | |- | [[:d:Q4329638|Q4329638]] | 1941-10-12 | 1941-10-17 | ''[[:d:Q4329638|Defense of Kalinin]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4870136|Q4870136]] | 1941-10-13 | 1942-01-18 | ''[[:d:Q4870136|Battle at Borodino Field]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q27998934|Q27998934]] | 1941-10-13 | 1941-10-24 | ''[[:d:Q27998934|Siege of Rogatica]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5166663|Q5166663]] | 1941-10-14 | 1941-10-18 | ''[[:d:Q5166663|Convoy SC 48]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5723143|Q5723143]] | 1941-10-14 | 1941-10-22 | ''[[:d:Q5723143|Battle of Vóljov]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q12170545|Q12170545]] | 1941-10-14 | 1943-08 | ''[[:d:Q12170545|Montenegrin tragedy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q750215|mass murder]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890663|Q110890663]] | 1941-10-14 | 1941-10-27 | ''[[:d:Q110890663|What is Modern Architecture: Tricks in Movie Making]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q52153713|Q52153713]] | 1941-10-15<ref name="ref_def278e6adbe61ab229d1a4da1bbc38a5c6dc99931c15c88fdeed9d4ee548214">https://research.annefrank.org/nl/gebeurtenissen/29a57583-5617-4185-8ee0-9c51c193ef60/</ref> | 1942-06 | ''[[:d:Q52153713|klas 1L2 Joods Lyceum]]'' | ''[[:d:Q18204|class]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76355107|Q76355107]] | 1941-10-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-16<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76355107|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 15.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478750|Q79478750]] | 1941-10-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478750|Paintings of the Gold Rush]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q554976|Q554976]] | 1941-10-16 | 1941-11-18 | ''[[:d:Q554976|Tikhvin defensive operation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76355111|Q76355111]] | 1941-10-16<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_9d26a36861cd78890261735edbc717bca2ca3658e0e6dcf89560722d60dae539"/> | 1941-10-17<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76355111|Prag to Litzmannstadt Ghetto transport]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q115019043|Q115019043]] | 1941-10-16 | 1941-11-09 | ''[[:d:Q115019043|A Special Loan Exhibition of Contemporary American Water Colors]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4332535|Q4332535]] | 1941-10-17 | 1941-12-16 | ''[[:d:Q4332535|Kalinine sous l'occupation allemande]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188686|military occupation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q700937|Q700937]] | 1941-10-18 | 1942-07-04 | ''[[:d:Q700937|Crimean Campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356271|Q76356271]] | 1941-10-18<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-19<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356271|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 18.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356275|Q76356275]] | 1941-10-19<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356275|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 19.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q685201|Q685201]] | 1941-10-20 | 1941-10-21 | ''[[:d:Q685201|Kragujevac massacre]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3199915|massacre]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q6983405|Nazi crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q697658|Q697658]] | 1941-10-20 | 1941-10-24 | ''[[:d:Q697658|First Battle of Kharkov]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4029854|Q4029854]] | 1941-10-20 | 1941-10-28 | ''[[:d:Q4029854|2nd Sinyavino Offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356280|Q76356280]] | 1941-10-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-21<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356280|Transport von Frankfurt am Main nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 20.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478753|Q79478753]] | 1941-10-20<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-02<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478753|Gouaches by Mine Okubo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356283|Q76356283]] | 1941-10-21<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_9d26a36861cd78890261735edbc717bca2ca3658e0e6dcf89560722d60dae539"/> | 1941-10-22<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356283|Holocaust transport from Prague to Litzmannstadt Ghetto October 21 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478760|Q79478760]] | 1941-10-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-16<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478760|American Sculpture Today]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478764|Q79478764]] | 1941-10-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478764|Sculpture by Mary Erckenbrack]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890664|Q110890664]] | 1941-10-21 | 1944-04-30 | ''[[:d:Q110890664|Modern Primitives: Artists of the People]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890665|Q110890665]] | 1941-10-21 | 1942-01-10 | ''[[:d:Q110890665|Isadora Duncan: Drawings, Photographs, Memorabilia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046672|Q126046672]] | 1941-10-21 | 1941-11-19<br/>1941-11-20 | ''[[:d:Q126046672|Shawwal 1360 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356287|Q76356287]] | 1941-10-22<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-23<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356287|Transport von Köln nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 22.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q24935992|Q24935992]] | 1941-10-23 | 1941-12-05 | ''[[:d:Q24935992|Evacuación de Hanko]]'' | ''[[:d:Q606332|evacuation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1190554|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356290|Q76356290]] | 1941-10-23<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-24<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356290|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 23.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478767|Q79478767]] | 1941-10-23<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-02<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478767|Illustrations by Fred Ludekens for "Ghost Town"]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4316884|Q4316884]] | 1941-10-24 | 1943-08-23 | ''[[:d:Q4316884|German occupation of Kharkiv]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188686|military occupation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356293|Q76356293]] | 1941-10-24<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356293|Transport from Berlin to the Litzmannstadt Ghetto on October 24, 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356296|Q76356296]] | 1941-10-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356296|Transport von Hamburg nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 25.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q910671|Q910671]] | 1941-10-26 | 1942-06-14 | ''[[:d:Q910671|1941–42 Serie A]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1363326|Q1363326]] | 1941-10-26 | 1942-07-12 | ''[[:d:Q1363326|1941–42 Serie B]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356300|Q76356300]] | 1941-10-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_9d26a36861cd78890261735edbc717bca2ca3658e0e6dcf89560722d60dae539">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-transportu-z-protektoratu-cechy-a-morava-ktere-nesmerovaly-do-terezina/</ref> | 1941-10-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356300|Transport von Prag nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 26.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356305|Q76356305]] | 1941-10-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356305|Transport von Düsseldorf nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 27.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356315|Q76356315]] | 1941-10-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><br/>1941-10-29<ref name="ref_55a2718ce40a51554a1d8a2041a68ffc6920f67a8e3002c6db852b0e4828966a">''[[:d:Q156591|Yad Vashem]]''</ref> | 1941-10-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356315|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 27.10.1941 oder 29.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356309|Q76356309]] | 1941-10-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-29<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356309|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 28.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478771|Q79478771]] | 1941-10-28<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478771|Artists of the Upper Mississippi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478774|Q79478774]] | 1941-10-29<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-16<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478774|First Annual West of the Rockies Photographic Salon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890666|Q110890666]] | 1941-10-29 | 1942-02-01 | ''[[:d:Q110890666|Image of Freedom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q154860|Q154860]] | 1941-10-30<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-07-04<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q154860|Siege of Sevastopol]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356320|Q76356320]] | 1941-10-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-10-31<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356320|Transport von Köln nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 30.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467691|Q109467691]] | 1941-10-30<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5">https://www.nationalmuseum.se/assets/Dokument/Utst%C3%A4llningar-1866-2017.pdf</ref> | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467691|Ellen och John Josephsons donation]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356324|Q76356324]] | 1941-10-31<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_9d26a36861cd78890261735edbc717bca2ca3658e0e6dcf89560722d60dae539"/> | 1941-11-01<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | ''[[:d:Q76356324|Transport von Prag nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 31.10.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q85750587|Q85750587]] | 1941-10-31 | 1953-11 | ''[[:d:Q85750587|Captain Marvel Adventures]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7093850|ongoing series]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} j8cr7fi645ynf6r2ou3zf90j3o01zwz 1941-11 0 40566 696244 696235 2026-03-31T17:09:13Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1941-12-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1941-11-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q820902|Q820902]] | 1941-11-02 | 1944-01-14 | ''[[:d:Q820902|Oranienbaum Bridgehead]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q575759|war memorial]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356332|Q76356332]] | 1941-11-02<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-03<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356332|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Litzmannstadt am 02.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356335|Q76356335]] | 1941-11-03<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_9d26a36861cd78890261735edbc717bca2ca3658e0e6dcf89560722d60dae539">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-transportu-z-protektoratu-cechy-a-morava-ktere-nesmerovaly-do-terezina/</ref> | 1941-11-04<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356335|Transport E]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478781|Q79478781]] | 1941-11-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1941-11-16<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478781|Paintings and Prints by Marion Holden Pope]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478786|Q79478786]] | 1941-11-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-12-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478786|16th Annual Exhibition of the San Francisco Society of Women Artists]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890667|Q110890667]] | 1941-11-06 | 1941-11-30 | ''[[:d:Q110890667|Children of England Paint]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356338|Q76356338]] | 1941-11-08<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-11<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356338|Transport von Hamburg nach Ghetto Minsk am 08.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q2949902|Q2949902]] | 1941-11-09<ref name="ref_1ae7ffe9529fc74653ead2dccb79a075ec42a72118668843790c02cd85fd316d">http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&c=1&f=4516&p=4#page/1/mode/1up</ref> | 1942-03-22<ref name="ref_0993a2f83303289cfe9870ab09fb4def4eaea282c0f871c9292bc3e762a5c393">http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&c=1&f=4629&p=4#page/4/mode/1up</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2949902|championnat d'Italie de rugby à XV 1941-1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q108858827|season of the Italian 1st division rugby union championship]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1657889|Q1657889]] | 1941-11-10 | 1941-12-30 | ''[[:d:Q1657889|Tikhvin offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>[[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2737158|Q2737158]] | 1941-11-10 | 1941-11-18 | ''[[:d:Q2737158|Operation Flipper]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356344|Q76356344]] | 1941-11-10<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356344|Train Da 52 from Duesseldorf,Düsseldorf (Düsseldorf),Rhine Province,Germany to Minsk,Ghetto,Belorussia (USSR)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356348|Q76356348]] | 1941-11-11<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-17<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356348|Transport von Frankfurt am Main nach Ghetto Minsk am 11.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q108992862|Q108992862]] | 1941-11-12<ref name="ref_00c7c611b3603065f4397f6f6356abaf6c6750e078eb7ea94002d58fee6c3ba6">''[[:d:Q109049734|Journals of the House of Commons Volume 197]]''</ref> | 1942-11-10<ref name="ref_00c7c611b3603065f4397f6f6356abaf6c6750e078eb7ea94002d58fee6c3ba6">''[[:d:Q109049734|Journals of the House of Commons Volume 197]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q108992862|7th session of the 37th Parliament of the United Kingdom]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1812889|legislative session]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1970141|Q1970141]] | 1941-11-13<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-11-27<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1970141|Battle of Gondar]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q5223224|Q5223224]] | 1941-11-14 | 1942-06-19 | ''[[:d:Q5223224|Dark Fantasy]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3511312|radio drama series]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356351|Q76356351]] | 1941-11-14<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-18<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356351|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Minsk am 14.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q134996394|Q134996394]] | 1941-11-16 | 1941-12-07 | ''[[:d:Q134996394|Women US Championship 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3654501|U.S. Women's Chess Championship]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q169436|Q169436]] | 1941-11-17 | 1941-12-02 | ''[[:d:Q169436|Battle of Rostov]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q76356354|Q76356354]] | 1941-11-17<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-21<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356354|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Kauen am 17.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478790|Q79478790]] | 1941-11-17<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478790|Drawings and Prints by John Stoll]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q327085|Q327085]] | 1941-11-18<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-12-30<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q327085|Operation Crusader]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478795|Q79478795]] | 1941-11-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-12-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478795|California Watercolor Society 21st Annual Exhibition: San Francisco Showing]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478799|Q79478799]] | 1941-11-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-12-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478799|Drawings and Sculpture by Misha Dolnicoff]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478801|Q79478801]] | 1941-11-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478801|Junior League Portrait Exhibition]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q98766757|Q98766757]] | 1941-11-18<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-21<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q98766757|Transport von Hamburg nach Ghetto Minsk am 18.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890668|Q110890668]] | 1941-11-19 | 1942-01-11 | ''[[:d:Q110890668|Joan Miró]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890669|Q110890669]] | 1941-11-19 | 1942-01-11 | ''[[:d:Q110890669|Salvador Dalí]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046673|Q126046673]] | 1941-11-19<br/>1941-11-20 | 1941-12-19 | ''[[:d:Q126046673|Dhu al-Qi'dah 1360 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q75838322|Q75838322]] | 1941-11-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-24 | ''[[:d:Q75838322|Erster Deportationszug mit 999 als Juden verfolgten und gefangenen Personen aus München am 20. November 1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_563f1defdc4973e875de96ac1d2978646b99e89e786c26eebb1249810510159a">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronology/viewGermanReich.xhtml</ref><ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478804|Q79478804]] | 1941-11-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-12-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478804|A World at War (News Photographs)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467692|Q109467692]] | 1941-11-21<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5">https://www.nationalmuseum.se/assets/Dokument/Utst%C3%A4llningar-1866-2017.pdf</ref> | 1941-12-19<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467692|Falsk och äkta konst]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356360|Q76356360]] | 1941-11-22<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356360|Transport von Frankfurt am Main nach Ghetto Kauen am 22.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467693|Q109467693]] | 1941-11-22<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467693|Albert Engström - Minnesutställning]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356364|Q76356364]] | 1941-11-23<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356364|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Kauen am 23.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q99755943|Q99755943]] | 1941-11-24 | 1941-11-24<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-vsech-transportu-do-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q99755943|Transport von Prag nach Ghetto Theresienstadt am 24.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356366|Q76356366]] | 1941-11-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356366|Transport von Breslau nach Ghetto Kauen am 25.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q136760284|Q136760284]] | 1941-11-25 | 1942-03-06 | ''[[:d:Q136760284|1941–42 National Basketball League (United States) season]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890670|Q110890670]] | 1941-11-26 | 1942-01-04 | ''[[:d:Q110890670|Architecture of Eric Mendelsohn, 1914–1940]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356370|Q76356370]] | 1941-11-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356370|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Riga am 27.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356378|Q76356378]] | 1941-11-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-12-05<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356378|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Minsk am 28.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q7207923|Q7207923]] | 1941-11-29<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1941-12-01<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q7207923|Point 175]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q20107003|Q20107003]] | 1941-11-29 | 1996-12 | ''[[:d:Q20107003|La Voz del Penedès]]'' | ''[[:d:Q41298|revista]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356374|Q76356374]] | 1941-11-29<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1941-12-02<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | ''[[:d:Q76356374|Transport von Nürnberg nach Ghetto Riga am 29.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q2350607|Q2350607]] | 1941-11-30 | 1941-12-08 | ''[[:d:Q2350607|Rumbula massacre]]'' | ''[[:d:Q750215|mass murder]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q77338413|Q77338413]] | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_462bc9ecc873e8de6904fffa08201247442602d6cc275e80e22963c82b1b7d47"/> | 1961-11-30<ref name="ref_462bc9ecc873e8de6904fffa08201247442602d6cc275e80e22963c82b1b7d47"/> | ''[[:d:Q77338413|Sophy L. Elliott Fonds]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3052382|fonds]]''<ref name="ref_462bc9ecc873e8de6904fffa08201247442602d6cc275e80e22963c82b1b7d47">https://archivalcollections.library.mcgill.ca/index.php/sophy-l-elliott-fonds</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q9388534|archival collection]]''<ref name="ref_462bc9ecc873e8de6904fffa08201247442602d6cc275e80e22963c82b1b7d47"/> | |- | [[:d:Q77338607|Q77338607]] | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_584a389e680805b630b1a230cee1902b9d6d54ebe76f16580489c2814612f694"/> | 1982-11-30<ref name="ref_584a389e680805b630b1a230cee1902b9d6d54ebe76f16580489c2814612f694"/> | ''[[:d:Q77338607|Donald Louis Mordell Fonds]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3052382|fonds]]''<ref name="ref_584a389e680805b630b1a230cee1902b9d6d54ebe76f16580489c2814612f694">https://archivalcollections.library.mcgill.ca/index.php/donald-louis-mordell-fonds</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q9388534|archival collection]]''<ref name="ref_584a389e680805b630b1a230cee1902b9d6d54ebe76f16580489c2814612f694"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478807|Q79478807]] | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1941-12-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478807|San Francisco Bay Council of Camera Clubs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q99756098|Q99756098]] | 1941-11-30 | 1941-11-30<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99756098|Transport von Prag nach Ghetto Theresienstadt am 30.11.1941]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} h9b84pk6962ed9w5wg6mr5cm9wc15j9 1942-01 0 40568 696245 696201 2026-03-31T17:10:44Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1942-02-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1942-01-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q79478844|Q79478844]] | 1942-01-02<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478844|Chicago Council of Camera Clubs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4287557|Q4287557]] | 1942-01-03 | 1942-01-10 | ''[[:d:Q4287557|Медвежьегорская наступательная операция]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q261776|Q261776]] | 1942-01-05 | 1943-03-21 | ''[[:d:Q261776|Battles of Rzhev]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478845|Q79478845]] | 1942-01-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478845|History of the Modern Poster]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4872395|Q4872395]] | 1942-01-06 | 1942-01-08 | ''[[:d:Q4872395|Battle of Slim River]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478849|Q79478849]] | 1942-01-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478849|The Artist Uses His Skill in War: Posters Designed by a Group of Bay Region Artists]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q161033|Q161033]] | 1942-01-07 | 1942-05-25 | ''[[:d:Q161033|Demyansk Pocket]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1569578|encirclement]]''<br/>[[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q478315|Q478315]] | 1942-01-07 | 1942-04-30 | ''[[:d:Q478315|Battle of Lyuban]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>[[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q703482|Q703482]] | 1942-01-07 | 1942-04-09 | ''[[:d:Q703482|Battle of Bataan]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2369529|Q2369529]] | 1942-01-07 | 1942-10-03 | ''[[:d:Q2369529|Jewish Labour Camp]]'' | | |- | [[:d:Q2034438|Q2034438]] | 1942-01-08 | 1942-04-20 | ''[[:d:Q2034438|Rzhev-Vyazma offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2398940|Q2398940]] | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | 1948-08-01<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | ''[[:d:Q2398940|Technician Fifth Grade]]'' | ''[[:d:Q56019|military rank]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7692371|Q7692371]] | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | 1948-08-01<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | ''[[:d:Q7692371|Technician Fourth Grade]]'' | ''[[:d:Q56019|military rank]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q7692374|Q7692374]] | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0">https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=9168&grp=2&menu=Uniformed%20Services</ref> | 1948-08-01<ref name="ref_6d29f751f1d939000dc79a1c52ca1bdd5884823da8cd53a1a34a78dab61505d0"/> | ''[[:d:Q7692374|Technician Third Grade]]'' | ''[[:d:Q56019|military rank]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478851|Q79478851]] | 1942-01-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478851|The Artist Uses His Skill In War: Models: Art in Camouflage]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4870916|Q4870916]] | 1942-01-09 | 1942-01-11 | ''[[:d:Q4870916|Battle of Dražgoše]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q76356407|Q76356407]] | 1942-01-09<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-transportu-z-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356407|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Riga am 09.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478854|Q79478854]] | 1942-01-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478854|William Gropper]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q907163|Q907163]] | 1942-01-10 | 1942 | ''[[:d:Q907163|1942 South American Championship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5656259|Q5656259]] | 1942-01-10 | 1942-01-21 | ''[[:d:Q5656259|Lake Ilmen action]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q18332219|Q18332219]] | 1942-01-10 | 1942-12-30 | ''[[:d:Q18332219|Riksdagen 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q85680242|Riksdag]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2165376|Q2165376]] | 1942-01-11<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2165376|Battle of Tarakan]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2587905|Q2587905]] | 1942-01-11<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2587905|Battle of Manado]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q76356410|Q76356410]] | 1942-01-11<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-01-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356410|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Riga am 11.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q106104733|Q106104733]] | 1942-01-11 | 1942-03-27 | ''[[:d:Q106104733|Japanische Invasion von Celebes]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478858|Q79478858]] | 1942-01-12<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478858|Oils by William Gerstle]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356414|Q76356414]] | 1942-01-13<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-01-16<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356414|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Riga am 13.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478861|Q79478861]] | 1942-01-13<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478861|Exhibitions for Art Understanding]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890677|Q110890677]] | 1942-01-13 | 1942-02-15 | ''[[:d:Q110890677|New Acquisitions: Latin-American Art]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890678|Q110890678]] | 1942-01-13 | 1942-02-25 | ''[[:d:Q110890678|New Acquisitions: Photographs]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890679|Q110890679]] | 1942-01-13 | 1942-04-09 | ''[[:d:Q110890679|Dancers in Movement: Photographs by Gjon Mili]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q569454|Q569454]] | 1942-01-14 | 1942-08-31 | ''[[:d:Q569454|Second Happy Time]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2889419|Q2889419]] | 1942-01-14 | 1942-01-22 | ''[[:d:Q2889419|Battle of Muar]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q21636225|Q21636225]] | 1942-01-14 | 1942-04-12 | ''[[:d:Q21636225|Боевые действия на Керченском полуострове]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478864|Q79478864]] | 1942-01-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478864|Art of Latin American Countries: Contemporary Art of the Argentine Republic]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478867|Q79478867]] | 1942-01-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478867|Art of Latin American Countries: Contemporary Prints of Latin America, Section I]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q558137|Q558137]] | 1942-01-15<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q558137|Operation Southeast Croatia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q582956|punitive expedition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356419|Q76356419]] | 1942-01-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | 1942-01-19<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356419|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Riga am 15.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q651977|Q651977]] | 1942-01-18 | 1942-06-14 | ''[[:d:Q651977|1941–42 Primeira Divisão]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q6018281|Q6018281]] | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_44cf491846e72826565dd5f5ed6c48f8ff6bc517888bb83043e62218b829ff6b">''[[:d:Q124566507|Taqwīm al-qurūn (Dhāt al-Salāsil, 1405h)]]''</ref><br/>1942-01-17 | 1943-01-07<ref name="ref_44cf491846e72826565dd5f5ed6c48f8ff6bc517888bb83043e62218b829ff6b">''[[:d:Q124566507|Taqwīm al-qurūn (Dhāt al-Salāsil, 1405h)]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q6018281|1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4146861|Hijri year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99885166|Q99885166]] | 1942-01-18 | 1942-01-18<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99885166|transport from Pilsen to Ghetto Theresienstadt on January 18th 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046678|Q126046678]] | 1942-01-18<br/>1942-01-17 | 1942-02-17<br/>1942-02-16 | ''[[:d:Q126046678|Muharram 1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q138747844|Q138747844]] | 1942-01-18 | 1942-04-17 | ''[[:d:Q138747844|Campionat de Catalunya d'hoquei sobre patins 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356422|Q76356422]] | 1942-01-19<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356422|Transport von Berlin nach Ghetto Riga am 19.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478872|Q79478872]] | 1942-01-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478872|Photographs of Mexico by Maude Martin]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478877|Q79478877]] | 1942-01-20<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478877|Emmy Lou Packard]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q129076438|Q129076438]] | 1942-01-20 | 1942-05-10 | ''[[:d:Q129076438|Republic of Foča]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4345889|partisan region]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q11192275|Liberated territories of Yugoslavia in World War II]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1759161|Q1759161]] | 1942-01-21<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1945-08-21<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1759161|Solomon Islands Campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478882|Q79478882]] | 1942-01-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478882|The Artist Uses His Skill In War: Posters from U.S.S.R.]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q99889221|Q99889221]] | 1942-01-21 | 1942-01-24 | ''[[:d:Q99889221|Transport von Leipzig in das Ghetto Riga am 21.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q106450243|Q106450243]] | 1942-01-21 | 1945-02-25 | ''[[:d:Q106450243|Deportations from Brunswick]]'' | ''[[:d:Q379693|deportation]]''<ref name="ref_a21cd404e6d137d131e449ddf463b6aca031da9062ba1f72fc70eb4f1ab790f3">http://www.vernetztes-gedaechtnis.de/</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q6983405|Nazi crime]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890681|Q110890681]] | 1942-01-21 | 1942-03-08 | ''[[:d:Q110890681|Americans 1942: 18 Artists from 9 States]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99889236|Q99889236]] | 1942-01-22 | 1942-01-22<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99889236|Transport von Pilsen nach Ghetto Theresienstadt am 22.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q305133|Q305133]] | 1942-01-23 | 1942-05-05 | ''[[:d:Q305133|Kholm Pocket]]'' | [[Battalia]]<br/>''[[:d:Q188055|siege]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q610048|Q610048]] | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-01-24<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q610048|Battle of Balikpapan]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1572785|Q1572785]] | 1942-01-23<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-02<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1572785|Battle of Rabaul]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2276692|Q2276692]] | 1942-01-23 | 1945-08 | ''[[:d:Q2276692|New Guinea campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q9367361|Q9367361]] | 1942-01-24 | 1942-03-06 | ''[[:d:Q9367361|Ust-Usa uprising]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2920604|prison riot]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q124734|rebellion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q106619215|Q106619215]] | 1942-01-24 | 1942-01-29 | ''[[:d:Q106619215|Japanese invasion of West Borneo]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q65241261|Q65241261]] | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_2150759e0e0d4e073f27b23334b9a5b01a0960b419ffa0b927bba832e19902a3">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://ibtracs.unca.edu/index.php?name=YearBasin-1942 |accessdate=2020-11-15 |archivedate=2021-10-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019094925/http://ibtracs.unca.edu/index.php?name=YearBasin-1942 }}</ref> | 1942-12-17<ref name="ref_2150759e0e0d4e073f27b23334b9a5b01a0960b419ffa0b927bba832e19902a3"/> | ''[[:d:Q65241261|1942 Pacific typhoon season]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27491613|Pacific typhoon season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356429|Q76356429]] | 1942-01-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-01-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356429|Transport from Berlin to the Riga Ghetto on January 25, 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q87406449|Q87406449]] | 1942-01-25 | 1942-09-02 | ''[[:d:Q87406449|Jonge Sierkunstenaars]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4873065|Q4873065]] | 1942-01-26 | 1942-01-27 | ''[[:d:Q4873065|Battle off Endau]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1261499|naval battle]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356432|Q76356432]] | 1942-01-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-01-31<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356432|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Riga am 26.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478884|Q79478884]] | 1942-01-26<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478884|Oils by Werner Philipp]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q99889257|Q99889257]] | 1942-01-26 | 1942-01-26<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q99889257|Transport von Pilsen in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 26.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q99889382|Q99889382]] | 1942-01-27 | 1942-02-01 | ''[[:d:Q99889382|Transport von Gelsenkirchen in das Ghetto Riga am 27.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q100526795|Q100526795]] | 1942-01-28 | 1942-01-28<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100526795|Transport von Brünn in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 28.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890682|Q110890682]] | 1942-01-28 | 1942-03-02 | ''[[:d:Q110890682|The Artists' New York]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q15805395|Q15805395]] | 1942-01-29 | 1942-02-01 | ''[[:d:Q15805395|Deutsche Dreiband-Meisterschaft 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15805414|German three-cushion championship]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2392991|Q2392991]] | 1942-01-30<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-02-03<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2392991|Battle of Ambon]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q17017712|Q17017712]] | 1942-01-30 | 1942-02-15 | ''[[:d:Q17017712|Convoy SC 67]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q100526955|Q100526955]] | 1942-01-30 | 1942-01-30<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-vsech-transportu-do-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q100526955|Transport von Prag in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 30.01.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 1bov7vwf8271w5m6mxe1j3onha6qfh9 1942-02 0 40569 696246 696227 2026-03-31T17:11:31Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1942-03-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1942-02-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q4872083|Q4872083]] | 1942-02-03<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1943-08-17<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q4872083|Battle of Port Moresby]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478891|Q79478891]] | 1942-02-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-24 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1942-02-17<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478891|Exhibitions for Art Understanding: British War Posters]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478895|Q79478895]] | 1942-02-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-24<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478895|Fifteen American Sculptors]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q15901659|Q15901659]] | 1942-02-04 | 1942-02-21 | ''[[:d:Q15901659|Chiang Kai-shek visit to India]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2324916|state visit]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890683|Q110890683]] | 1942-02-04 | 1942-03-10 | ''[[:d:Q110890683|U.S. Army Illustrators of Fort Custer, Michigan]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115019045|Q115019045]] | 1942-02-04 | 1942-05-03 | ''[[:d:Q115019045|Loan Exhibition of Percussion Colt Revolvers and Conversions 1836–1873]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478900|Q79478900]] | 1942-02-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-22<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478900|Art of Latin American Countries: Contemporary Prints of Latin America, Section II]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356437|Q76356437]] | 1942-02-06<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | 1942-02-10<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356437|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Riga am 06.02.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q100527516|Q100527516]] | 1942-02-07 | 1942-02-07<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100527516|Transport von Prag in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 07.02.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q296754|Q296754]] | 1942-02-08 | 1942-02-15 | ''[[:d:Q296754|Battle of Singapore]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q2546643|Q2546643]] | 1942-02-08 | 1942-03-13 | ''[[:d:Q2546643|1942 Swedish Ice Hockey Championship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4872320|Q4872320]] | 1942-02-08 | 1942-02-09 | ''[[:d:Q4872320|Battle of Sarimbun Beach]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q100527696|Q100527696]] | 1942-02-08 | 1942-02-08<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100527696|Transport von Prag in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 08.02.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q632926|Q632926]] | 1942-02-09 | 1942-02-10 | ''[[:d:Q632926|Battle of Kranji]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478905|Q79478905]] | 1942-02-09<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-22<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478905|William Campbell]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q115019046|Q115019046]] | 1942-02-09 | 1942-03-15 | ''[[:d:Q115019046|On the Bright Side: A Loan Exhibition of Contemporary American Painting and Sculpture]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4870587|Q4870587]] | 1942-02-10 | 1942-02-12 | ''[[:d:Q4870587|Battle of Bukit Timah]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q79478910|Q79478910]] | 1942-02-10<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-03-10<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478910|Retrospective Exhibition of Eugene Berman]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q3883953|Q3883953]] | 1942-02-11 | 1942-02-12 | ''[[:d:Q3883953|Operation Donnerkeil]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478913|Q79478913]] | 1942-02-11<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-03-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478913|San Francisco Art Association Exhibition of Drawings and Prints]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q100529562|Q100529562]] | 1942-02-12 | 1942-02-12<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100529562|Transport X from Prague to the Ghetto Theresienstadt on 12/02/1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2583233|Q2583233]] | 1942-02-13 | 1942-02-15 | ''[[:d:Q2583233|Battle of Palembang]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q4208426|Q4208426]] | 1942-02-13 | 1942-02-14 | ''[[:d:Q4208426|Battle of Pasir Panjang]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q663277|Q663277]] | 1942-02-14 | 1942-03-28 | ''[[:d:Q663277|Invasion of Sumatra]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16205847|Q16205847]] | 1942-02-14 | 1942-07-04 | ''[[:d:Q16205847|1942 Palestine Cup]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478917|Q79478917]] | 1942-02-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-03-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478917|Roxburghe Printing Exhibition: 16th Century Books]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q22124210|Q22124210]] | 1942-02-15 | 1945 | ''[[:d:Q22124210|Outram torture and prisoner abuse]]'' | ''[[:d:Q7245805|prisoner abuse (abus de prisonnier)]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478920|Q79478920]] | 1942-02-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-02-28<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478920|Exhibitions for Art Understanding: Line, Drawing, and Perspective]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q126046680|Q126046680]] | 1942-02-17<br/>1942-02-16 | 1942-03-18<br/>1942-03-17 | ''[[:d:Q126046680|Safar 1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q716144|Q716144]] | 1942-02-18 | 1942-03-04 | ''[[:d:Q716144|Sook Ching]]'' | ''[[:d:Q135010|war crime]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3199915|massacre]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1262732|purge]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4817637|atrocity]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q967623|Q967623]] | 1942-02-18 | 1942-02-27 | ''[[:d:Q967623|Operation Prijedor]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q582956|punitive expedition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2117492|Q2117492]] | 1942-02-18 | 1942-02-20 | ''[[:d:Q2117492|Battle of Badung Strait]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1261499|naval battle]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q16642815|Q16642815]] | 1942-02-18 | 1942-04-14 | ''[[:d:Q16642815|Демянская десантная операция]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890684|Q110890684]] | 1942-02-18 | 1942-04-05 | ''[[:d:Q110890684|New Acquisitions: American Drawings]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q176557|Q176557]] | 1942-02-19 | 1943-11-12 | ''[[:d:Q176557|Air raids on Australia, 1942–43]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2380335|airstrike]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q936604|Q936604]] | 1942-02-19 | 1946-03-20 | ''[[:d:Q936604|internment of Japanese Americans]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1668049|internment]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1440764|Q1440764]] | 1942-02-19 | 1943-02-10 | ''[[:d:Q1440764|Battle of Timor]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q7057343|Q7057343]] | 1942-02-19<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1945<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q7057343|North Western Area Campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055171|Q104055171]] | 1942-02-19 | 1942-02-19<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055171|Transport Ez-St 04]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q108878050|Q108878050]] | 1942-02-19<ref name="ref_4a71d661f27195c57e47146aaa53bb2b788e5fb2cedae98c6355392496ec40e8">''[[:d:Q2159918|Executive Order 9066]]''</ref> | 1946-03-20<ref name="ref_7bcfe7424a1c85afd799b99747f60f6b4251ab1297c385265a5ae4145486e0c1">https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/anthropology74/ce3o.htm</ref><ref name="ref_e9056a703aa62cd694140ce40a8b9e298210146a6fc8a9cd1b79a2a89ff4b414">https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Tule_Lake/</ref><ref name="ref_28637afcf9c4ff12d63c017a5360ed4bb7facf74182f0e312303f2a2a75f292a">https://catalog.archives.gov/id/198243297</ref> | ''[[:d:Q108878050|Japanese American removal, 1942-1945]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1573035|domestic policy]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q837556|forced displacement]]''<ref name="ref_7c15fbde4657e31a492c6035a18de554202441b9da5a999966fd642417bf580b">https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record/2017/05/17/extensions-of-remarks-section/article/E649-1</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q130305708|Q130305708]] | 1942-02-20 | 1942-05 | ''[[:d:Q130305708|Chetnik coups in Bosnia]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3449092|military coup]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478925|Q79478925]] | 1942-02-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-03-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478925|Exhibitions for Art Understanding: Seated Man by Picasso]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q100529627|Q100529627]] | 1942-02-22 | 1942-02-22<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100529627|Transport from Kladno to the Theresienstadt Ghetto on 22 Feb 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478931|Q79478931]] | 1942-02-23<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-03-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478931|Alexander Nepote]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104632765|Q104632765]] | 1942-02-24 | 1942-03-08 | ''[[:d:Q104632765|Het Duitsche boek van heden]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q100529761|Q100529761]] | 1942-02-26 | 1942-02-26<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q100529761|Transport von Kladno in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 26.02.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q100529910|Q100529910]] | 1942-02-26 | 1942-02-26<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-vsech-transportu-do-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q100529910|Transport von Prag in das Ghetto Theresienstadt am 26.02.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q304403|Q304403]] | 1942-02-27 | 1942-02-28 | ''[[:d:Q304403|Operation Biting]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q2727213|furto]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q301300|Q301300]] | 1942-02-28 | 1942-03-12 | ''[[:d:Q301300|Battle of Java]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q1536686|Q1536686]] | 1942-02-28<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-03-01 | ''[[:d:Q1536686|Battle of Sunda Strait]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1261499|naval battle]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478936|Q79478936]] | 1942-02-28<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-03-08<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478936|Children's Symphony Exhibition]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q114321849|Q114321849]] | 1942-02-28 | 1942-03-07 | ''[[:d:Q114321849|Operation Caesar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} 3jwtz3d53p55qdc0axon8zd9vppaw9t 1942-04 0 40571 696247 696218 2026-03-31T17:12:45Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1942-05-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1942-04-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q76356468|Q76356468]] | 1942-04-02<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-04-05<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356468|Transport von Berlin nach Warschau am 02.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q111977515|Q111977515]] | 1942-04-02<ref name="ref_06ad4d4df440aba45673624245af05c162e345cf8bf90665866bd10a21cef9ec">''[[:d:Q15058296|Air Force Combat Units of World War II]]''</ref> | 1945-01-28<ref name="ref_06ad4d4df440aba45673624245af05c162e345cf8bf90665866bd10a21cef9ec">''[[:d:Q15058296|Air Force Combat Units of World War II]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q111977515|India-Burma Campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1888420|Q1888420]] | 1942-04-03 | 1942-11-22 | ''[[:d:Q1888420|1942 Argentine Primera División]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356473|Q76356473]] | 1942-04-03<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-04-06<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356473|Transport von München nach Piaski am 03.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q2072027|Q2072027]] | 1942-04-04 | 1942-04-30 | ''[[:d:Q2072027|Unternehmen Eisstoß]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055174|Q104055174]] | 1942-04-04 | 1942-04-04<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055174|Transport Ah]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055175|Q104055175]] | 1942-04-04 | 1942-04-04<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055175|Transport Ez-St 10]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q5329907|Q5329907]] | 1942-04-05<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-04-09<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q5329907|Easter Sunday Raid]]'' | ''[[:d:Q476807|raid]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478970|Q79478970]] | 1942-04-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-25 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1942-04-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478970|Edward Hagedorn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478975|Q79478975]] | 1942-04-07<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-04-29<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478975|Western Living]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055176|Q104055176]] | 1942-04-08 | 1942-04-08<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055176|Transport Ai]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q555797|Q555797]] | 1942-04-09 | 1942-04-17 | ''[[:d:Q555797|Bataan Death March]]'' | ''[[:d:Q326259|death march]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2069591|Q2069591]] | 1942-04-10 | 1984-07-21 | ''[[:d:Q2069591|People are Funny]]'' | ''[[:d:Q15416|television program]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q134879167|Q134879167]] | 1942-04-10 | 1942-04-30 | ''[[:d:Q134879167|Women US Championship 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3654501|U.S. Women's Chess Championship]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q116755751|Q116755751]] | 1942-04-11<ref name="ref_2f4b8161089e4d720c0c27c3b5c507b464f5b0b8b040b81a1b2112ca575d3b3d"/> | 1945-10-19<ref name="ref_2f4b8161089e4d720c0c27c3b5c507b464f5b0b8b040b81a1b2112ca575d3b3d"/> | ''[[:d:Q116755751|Manzanar Free Press]]'' | ''[[:d:Q11032|jornal]]''<ref name="ref_684629b478e139705481e49addab946ffbefb968e64aed83819b41062b08c124">https://newsroom.artandwriting.org/2022/11/03/from-the-archives-chiye-mori/</ref><ref name="ref_2f4b8161089e4d720c0c27c3b5c507b464f5b0b8b040b81a1b2112ca575d3b3d">https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Manzanar_Free_Press_(newspaper)/#:~:text=The%20Manzanar%20Free%20Press%20was,of%20three%20typeset%2C%20printed%20newspapers.</ref><ref name="ref_a1937fb3ba4b5c42b16b8926a731b4a634d780f74668c03feff81433772aaa5c">https://www.nps.gov/manz/learn/education/id-booklets.htm</ref><br/>''[[:d:Q106651350|biweekly newspaper]]''<ref name="ref_684629b478e139705481e49addab946ffbefb968e64aed83819b41062b08c124"/><ref name="ref_2f4b8161089e4d720c0c27c3b5c507b464f5b0b8b040b81a1b2112ca575d3b3d"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478979|Q79478979]] | 1942-04-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478979|Advance Guard of Advertising Artists]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478984|Q79478984]] | 1942-04-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478984|Inter-American Photographic Salon]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478988|Q79478988]] | 1942-04-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478988|Paintings by Horace Pippin]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79478994|Q79478994]] | 1942-04-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-10<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478994|Sawdust and Spangles: Arts of the Circus]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467699|Q109467699]] | 1942-04-14<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | 1942-06-14<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467699|Kinesiska målningar ur museets samlingar]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478996|Q79478996]] | 1942-04-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478996|Retrospective Exhibition of Eric Mendelsohn]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890690|Q110890690]] | 1942-04-15 | 1942-06-10 | ''[[:d:Q110890690|Two Years of War in England: Photographs by William Vandivert]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115019047|Q115019047]] | 1942-04-15 | 1942-05-16 | ''[[:d:Q115019047|Art Director's Club Exhibition of Advertising Art]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79478999|Q79478999]] | 1942-04-16<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79478999|Rouault Prints]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055177|Q104055177]] | 1942-04-16 | 1942-04-16<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055177|Transport Ez-St 11]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055178|Q104055178]] | 1942-04-16 | 1942-04-16<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055178|Transport Ez]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q111977505|Q111977505]] | 1942-04-17<ref name="ref_06ad4d4df440aba45673624245af05c162e345cf8bf90665866bd10a21cef9ec">''[[:d:Q15058296|Air Force Combat Units of World War II]]''</ref> | 1945-09-02<ref name="ref_06ad4d4df440aba45673624245af05c162e345cf8bf90665866bd10a21cef9ec">''[[:d:Q15058296|Air Force Combat Units of World War II]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q111977505|Japan Air Offensive]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q4698343|air offensive]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046682|Q126046682]] | 1942-04-17<br/>1942-04-16 | 1942-05-16 | ''[[:d:Q126046682|Rabi' al-Thani 1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356478|Q76356478]] | 1942-04-18<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | 1942-04-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356478|Transport Ap from Terezin to Ghetto Rejowiec (April 18, 1942)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055179|Q104055179]] | 1942-04-18 | 1942-04-18<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055179|Transport Akb]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q136439906|Q136439906]] | 1942-04-19 | 1942-06-28 | ''[[:d:Q136439906|1942 California League season]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q560410|Q560410]] | 1942-04-20<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-05-13<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q560410|Operation Trio]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q582956|punitive expedition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q133091602|Q133091602]] | 1942-04-20 | 1942-09-07 | ''[[:d:Q133091602|1942 South Atlantic League season]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2749196|Q2749196]] | 1942-04-21<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-04-22<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q2749196|Operation Abercrombie]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79479004|Q79479004]] | 1942-04-21<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-04<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479004|Anna Klumpke]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356482|Q76356482]] | 1942-04-22<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-04-24<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356482|Transport von Düsseldorf nach Ghetto Izbica am 22.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890691|Q110890691]] | 1942-04-22 | 1942-06-21 | ''[[:d:Q110890691|Wartime Housing]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q115019048|Q115019048]] | 1942-04-22 | 1942-07-05 | ''[[:d:Q115019048|Renaissance in Fashion]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q18354410|Q18354410]] | 1942-04-23 | 1942-05-04 | ''[[:d:Q18354410|Exeter Blitz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4688003|aerial bombing of a city]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356486|Q76356486]] | 1942-04-23<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | 1942-04-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356486|Transport from Ghetto Theresienstadt to Piaski on 23. APRIL1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4219788|Q4219788]] | 1942-04-24 | 1942-05-11 | ''[[:d:Q4219788|Кестеньгская операция]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q19378375|Q19378375]] | 1942-04-24<ref name="ref_cb295146d30b2beab41b8a1be229b4b9b57eefef2dd7707cd8a586750d318241">https://www.nasjonalmuseet.no/en/collection/exhibition/2157</ref> | 1942-05-16<ref name="ref_cb295146d30b2beab41b8a1be229b4b9b57eefef2dd7707cd8a586750d318241"/> | ''[[:d:Q19378375|Kunst og ukunst i Nasjonalgalleriet. Oppryddingen april 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q59861107|temporary art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055181|Q104055181]] | 1942-04-24 | 1942-04-24<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055181|Transport Am]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109467701|Q109467701]] | 1942-04-24<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | 1942-06-07<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467701|Orrefors1917–1942, 25 års verksamhet]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q4868890|Q4868890]] | 1942-04-25 | 1942-04-27 | ''[[:d:Q4868890|Bath Blitz]]'' | ''[[:d:Q4688003|aerial bombing of a city]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356491|Q76356491]] | 1942-04-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-transportu-z-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | 1942-04-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356491|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Warschau am 25.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356494|Q76356494]] | 1942-04-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-04-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356494|Transport von Würzburg nach Krasnystaw am 25.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467702|Q109467702]] | 1942-04-25<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5">https://www.nationalmuseum.se/assets/Dokument/Utst%C3%A4llningar-1866-2017.pdf</ref> | 1942-05-26<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467702|Svensk Bokkonst 1941 - 25 utvalda böcker]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2017584|Q2017584]] | 1942-04-26 | 1942-09-13 | ''[[:d:Q2017584|1942 Croatian First League]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356497|Q76356497]] | 1942-04-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-04-29<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356497|Transport von Stuttgart nach Ghetto Izbica am 26.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356500|Q76356500]] | 1942-04-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-04-29<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356500|Transport von Wien nach Włodawa am 27.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356503|Q76356503]] | 1942-04-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | 1942-04-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356503|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Izbica am 27.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q4308094|Q4308094]] | 1942-04-28 | 1942-05-11 | ''[[:d:Q4308094|Мурманская операция (1942)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79479009|Q79479009]] | 1942-04-28<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479009|American Academy in Rome Regional Competition]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055184|Q104055184]] | 1942-04-28 | 1942-04-28<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055184|Transport Ao]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055186|Q104055186]] | 1942-04-29 | 1942-04-29<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-vsech-transportu-do-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q104055186|Transport Ez-St 12]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q109467703|Q109467703]] | 1942-04-29<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | 1942-08-02<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467703|Unga tecknare 5:e utställningen]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356507|Q76356507]] | 1942-04-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | 1942-05-02<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356507|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Zamość am 30.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | |- | [[:d:Q76356513|Q76356513]] | 1942-04-30<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356513|Transport von Dortmund nach Ghetto Zamość am 30.04.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |} {{Wikidata list end}} num90073t6bv1q215ffo5kzic8mui9c 1942-05 0 40572 696248 696223 2026-03-31T17:13:27Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox}} {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P580 ?dtstart . ?item wdt:P582 ?dtend . FILTER (?dtstart < "1942-06-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) FILTER (?dtstart > "1942-05-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime) } |wdq= |columns=item,P580,P582,label,P31,description |sort=P580 |thumb=48 |links= |references=all }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! item ! data de initio ! data de fin ! label ! instantia de ! description |- | [[:d:Q2673191|Q2673191]] | 1942-05-03 | 1942-05-04 | ''[[:d:Q2673191|Invasion of Tulagi]]'' | ''[[:d:Q467011|invasion]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356515|Q76356515]] | 1942-05-03<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-06<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356515|Transport von Breslau nach Ghetto Lublin am 03.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q207165|Q207165]] | 1942-05-04<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-05-08<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | ''[[:d:Q207165|Battle of the Coral Sea]]'' | ''[[:d:Q1261499|naval battle]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1052651|Q1052651]] | 1942-05-05 | 1942-11-06 | ''[[:d:Q1052651|Battle of Madagascar]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q57903691|Q57903691]] | 1942-05-05 | 1942-05-26 | ''[[:d:Q57903691|1942 Tour de Luxembourg]]'' | ''[[:d:Q505810|Tour de Luxembourg]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79479017|Q79479017]] | 1942-05-05<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf |accessdate=2019-12-23 |archivedate=2019-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191658/https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfmoma-media-dev/www-media/2019/02/21105602/exhibitionslist1935_1991.pdf }}</ref> | 1942-05-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479017|Charles Howard]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q863371|Q863371]] | 1942-05-06 | 1942-05-11 | ''[[:d:Q863371|Biltmore Conference]]'' | ''[[:d:Q625994|conferentia]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q10605678|Q10605678]] | 1942-05-06 | 1942-05-21 | ''[[:d:Q10605678|Convoy ON 92]]'' | ''[[:d:Q131656428|military convoy]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356524|Q76356524]] | 1942-05-06<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-11<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356524|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Minsk am 06.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79479021|Q79479021]] | 1942-05-06<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-31<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479021|6th Annual Watercolor Exhibition of the San Francisco Art Association]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890692|Q110890692]] | 1942-05-06 | 1942-06-16 | ''[[:d:Q110890692|Art Sale for the Armed Services]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055188|Q104055188]] | 1942-05-07 | 1942-05-07<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055188|Transport At]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q3175954|Q3175954]] | 1942-05-08 | 1945-07-05 | ''[[:d:Q3175954|Japanese occupation of the Philippines]]'' | ''[[:d:Q188686|military occupation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q109473326|country in World War II]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356520|Q76356520]] | 1942-05-08<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-09<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356520|Transport von Frankfurt am Main nach Ghetto Izbica am 08.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q133040522|Q133040522]] | 1942-05-09 | 1942-06-14 | ''[[:d:Q133040522|150 schilderijen, aquarellen enz. uit de verzameling H. Nijgh te Rotterdam]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q530976|Q530976]] | 1942-05-10 | 1942-07-04 | ''[[:d:Q530976|1942 German football championship]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q155620|Q155620]] | 1942-05-12<ref name="ref_7bd66a01e53712b3809adc376ee60abee77bc2385caa6eec737227f91d1d4016">''[[:d:Q23038974|Histropedia]]''</ref> | 1942-05-29 | ''[[:d:Q155620|Second Battle of Kharkov]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q76356535|Q76356535]] | 1942-05-12<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356535|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Izbica am 12.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79479026|Q79479026]] | 1942-05-12<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-18<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479026|Local Ceramics]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055189|Q104055189]] | 1942-05-12 | 1942-05-12<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055189|Transport Au]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q30888944|Q30888944]] | 1942-05-13 | 1942-10-07 | ''[[:d:Q30888944|Evacuation of Soviet 2nd Strike Army]]'' | ''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q606332|evacuation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890693|Q110890693]] | 1942-05-13 | 1942-06-08 | ''[[:d:Q110890693|Anti-Hoarding Pictures by New York School Children]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890694|Q110890694]] | 1942-05-13 | 1942-05-24 | ''[[:d:Q110890694|Mexican Costumes by Carlos Mérida]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1000594|Q1000594]] | 1942-05-14 | 1942-08-08 | ''[[:d:Q1000594|1941–42 Cupa României]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055190|Q104055190]] | 1942-05-14 | 1942-05-14<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055190|Transport Ez-St 13]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q700499|Q700499]] | 1942-05-15 | 1942-09-04 | ''[[:d:Q700499|Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign]]'' | ''[[:d:Q831663|military campaign]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356539|Q76356539]] | 1942-05-15<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-18<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356539|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Izbica am 15.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79479032|Q79479032]] | 1942-05-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-06-15<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479032|Joe Cannon Watercolors]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055191|Q104055191]] | 1942-05-15 | 1942-05-15<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055191|Transport Au 1]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055193|Q104055193]] | 1942-05-15 | 1942-05-15<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055193|Transport Ez-St 14]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q131468303|Q131468303]] | 1942-05-15 | 1942-05-16 | ''[[:d:Q131468303|Рыга (карная аперацыя)]]'' | ''[[:d:Q582956|punitive expedition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q645883|military operation]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1984212|Q1984212]] | 1942-05-16 | 1942-11-30 | ''[[:d:Q1984212|Defense of the Adzhimushkay quarry]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q65303340|Q65303340]] | 1942-05-16 | 1942-06-10 | ''[[:d:Q65303340|Masakr u Prijedoru]]'' | ''[[:d:Q3199915|massacre]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q126046683|Q126046683]] | 1942-05-16 | 1942-06-15<br/>1942-06-14 | ''[[:d:Q126046683|Jumādā al-ʾŪlā 1361 AH]]'' | ''[[:d:Q125390868|hijri month of a given year]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q1439207|Q1439207]] | 1942-05-17<ref name="ref_d3abe7ef2a915ac45b7bbd674df462ab27ac7269bcf6ebcd8bd12208d42039c3">https://prensacr.info/data/5d835f280ddacf407084569f</ref><ref name="ref_a0c98ad6d3dfddee95ca20633d4cff1fc4d9db125b554310a56840fc294f4f7c">https://prensacr.info/data/5db5bc250ddacf73d2543b29</ref><ref name="ref_fa49bcba9f230d60113291d18cdf0a44def7dea98ed68bfd89591d305400e298">https://prensacr.info/data/5daa38470ddacf73098bf7af</ref> | 1943-01-31<ref name="ref_4a65758ea9dbf21ab31049926f2e2d715083e322da4dccc848379a067bc7dbe5">https://prensacr.info/data/611f4145445c2c6addcd0f7d</ref><ref name="ref_f9daba4c905a208ba30a712ac9085946f0b2a9c4dc3f200ac6cbdcf34dfc3bb1">https://prensacr.info/data/5d836cc20ddacf4070845fbb</ref> | ''[[:d:Q1439207|Primera División de Costa Rica 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q27020041|sports season]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356549|Q76356549]] | 1942-05-17<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-transportu-z-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | 1942-05-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356549|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Lublin am 17.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055194|Q104055194]] | 1942-05-17 | 1942-05-17<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055194|Transport Ez]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055196|Q104055196]] | 1942-05-18 | 1942-05-18<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055196|Transport Av]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055197|Q104055197]] | 1942-05-18 | 1942-05-18<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055197|Transport Ez-St 16]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q79479037|Q79479037]] | 1942-05-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-06-01<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479037|Claire Falkenstein]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79479043|Q79479043]] | 1942-05-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-06-14<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479043|Mexican Painting]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q79479047|Q79479047]] | 1942-05-19<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | 1942-05-31<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | ''[[:d:Q79479047|San Francisco Bay Area Council of Camera Clubs: Spring Salon 1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_1da1b651f7c6fa668c1f665c76d63b465fda7fea3bf32310cc260bbb1ae72267"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356543|Q76356543]] | 1942-05-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-20<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356543|Transport von Gleiwitz nach KZ Auschwitz-Birkenau am 20.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467704|Q109467704]] | 1942-05-21<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5">https://www.nationalmuseum.se/assets/Dokument/Utst%C3%A4llningar-1866-2017.pdf</ref> | 1942-06-10<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467704|Spansk konst ur offentliga och enskilda samlingar i Sverige]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q110890695|Q110890695]] | 1942-05-21 | 1942-10-04 | ''[[:d:Q110890695|Road to Victory]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055199|Q104055199]] | 1942-05-22 | 1942-05-22<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055199|Transport Aw]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055201|Q104055201]] | 1942-05-22 | 1942-05-22<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055201|Transport Ez-St 17]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356554|Q76356554]] | 1942-05-24<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-05-26<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356554|Transport von Frankfurt am Main nach Ghetto Izbica am 24.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q76356561|Q76356561]] | 1942-05-25<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/><ref name="ref_f6f9068b9ee774619c1ad6596ed2df4039beae49b819774990b1750dd875195c"/> | 1942-05-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356561|Transport von Ghetto Theresienstadt nach Ghetto Lublin am 25.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q110890696|Q110890696]] | 1942-05-25 | 1942-05-31 | ''[[:d:Q110890696|Paintings from the Class for Members' Children]]'' | ''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q1656682|evento]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q327035|Q327035]] | 1942-05-26 | 1942-06-21 | ''[[:d:Q327035|Battle of Gazala]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q836128|Q836128]] | 1942-05-26 | 1942-06-11 | ''[[:d:Q836128|Battle of Bir Hakeim]]'' | [[Battalia]] | |- | [[:d:Q104055203|Q104055203]] | 1942-05-26 | 1942-05-26<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055203|Transport Ez-St 18]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356566|Q76356566]] | 1942-05-27<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | 1942-06-01<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356566|Transport von Wien nach Ghetto Minsk am 27.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q104055204|Q104055204]] | 1942-05-27 | 1942-05-27<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d"/> | ''[[:d:Q104055204|Transport AAa]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q76356558|Q76356558]] | 1942-05-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16">https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/chronicles.html.de?page=1</ref> | 1942-05-28<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | ''[[:d:Q76356558|Transport von Gleiwitz nach KZ Auschwitz-Birkenau am 28.05.1942]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]''<ref name="ref_7b1183257f39b3dee61f7783f5c7a145857d224a4d048622238e38ea6a306c16"/> | |- | [[:d:Q109467705|Q109467705]] | 1942-05-29<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | 1942-09-20<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/> | ''[[:d:Q109467705|Barnteckningar ”Vad skall jag bli när jag blir stor”]]'' | ''[[:d:Q29023906|temporary exhibition]]''<ref name="ref_9c6ee20ee40713c8a9dbc9569bd26a08e9f55191f15c9357073e62a8680134a5"/><br/>''[[:d:Q667276|art exhibition]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q104055206|Q104055206]] | 1942-05-30 | 1942-05-30<ref name="ref_539c032e8c96e0e20e824614057698a501c100248f6a46d270a25897f322c51d">https://www.holocaust.cz/databaze-obeti/help/chronologicky-prehled-transportu/seznam-vsech-transportu-do-terezina-razeno-podle-data-odjezdu/</ref> | ''[[:d:Q104055206|Transport Ez-St 19]]'' | ''[[:d:Q61927259|Holocaust train journey]]'' | |- | [[:d:Q2659473|Q2659473]] | 1942-05-31 | 1942-06-08 | ''[[:d:Q2659473|Attack on Sydney Harbour]]'' | ''[[:d:Q2001676|offensive]]'' | |} {{Wikidata list end}} btl12m6ye5y65xvwtj72bkozr3rrpjn Scientia europee in le Medievo 0 58208 696256 694798 2026-04-01T05:21:01Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696256 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:God the Geometer.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|190px|Pro le majoritate de eruditos medieval, qui credeva que Deo creava le [[universo]] secundo principios [[Musica universalis|geometric e harmonic]], le [[scientia]] - particularmente le [[geometria]] e le [[astronomia]] - esseva directemente ligate al [[Divinitate|divin]]. Cercar iste principios, ergo, significa cercar Deo.]] Le '''scientia europee in le Medievo''' comprendeva le studio del [[natura]], [[mathematica]] e philosophia natural in le [[Medievo|Europa medieval]]. Post le cadita del Imperio Roman Occidental e le declino del cognoscentia del [[Lingua grec|greco]], le Europa Christian occidental esseva separate de un fonte importante de [[Scientia in le Antiquitate classic|scientia antique]]. Ben que un gamma de clericos e scholasticos christian ab [[Isidoro de Sevilla|Isidoro]] e Beda a Jean Buridan e Nicole Oresme manteneva le spirito del questa rational, le [[Europa Occidental|Europa occidental]] viderea un periodo de declino scientific durante le Medievo Prime. Tamen, al tempore del Medievo Grande, le region habeva recuperate e se dirigeva de novo verso assumer le initiativa in le discoperta scientific. Le studios e le discopertas scientific del Medievo Tardive preparava le terreno pro le Revolution Scientific del [[Etate Moderne]]. Secundo Pierre Duhem, qui fundava le studio academic del scientia medieval como un critica del theorias del [[Illuminismo]] positivistic sur un revolution scientific antiaristotelian e anticlerical del 17e seculo, le diverse origines conceptual de iste supponite revolution se trova in le 12e al 14e seculos, in le obras de ecclesiasticos como [[Thomas de Aquino]] e Buridan.<ref>Duhem laborava in ''Les origines de la statique'' in 1903, quando ille se incideva con un referentia a [[Jordanus Nemorarius]]. Isto provocava un profunde studio del scientia e cosmologia medieval, le qual ille initiava a publicar in 1913 como ''Le Système du monde'' (solmente cinque ab dece volumines esseva presso de esser publicate ante su morte).</ref> In le contexto de iste articulo, "Europa Occidental" refere se al culturas europee ligate per le [[Ecclesia Catholic]] e le [[lingua latin]]. == Europa Occidental == {{AP|Scientia in le Antiquitate classic}} Como le poter imperial roman terminava efficacemente in le Occidente durante le quinte seculo, le [[Europa Occidental]] entrava in le [[Medievo]] con difficultates grandissime que afficeva dramaticamente le production intellectual del continente. Le tractatos scientific classic de [[Antiquitate classic|antiquitate classic]] scribite in [[Lingua grec|greco]] era indisponibile, lassante solmente summaritas e compilationes simplificate. Tamen, textos scientific roman e medieval prime esseva legite e studiate, contribuente al comprehension de natura como un systema coherent que functiona sub le lege divinemente establite que pote esser comprehensite a luce del ration. Iste studio continuava durante le Medievo Prime, e con le [[Renascentia del seculo XII]], le interesse in iste studio esseva revitalize per le translation de textos scientific greco e arabic. Le studio scientific se disveloppava plus avant in le emergente universitates medieval, ubi iste textos esseva studiate e elaborate, portante a nove insights sur le phenomenonos del universo. Iste avantias es quasi ignote al publico leic de hodie, a causa principalmente que le major parte del theorias avanciate in le scientia medieval es hodie obsolete, e a causa del caricatura del Medievo como un "Epocha Obscure" que placeva "le parola del autoritates religiose super le experientia personal e le activitate rational."<ref>David C. Lindberg, "The Medieval Church Encounters the Classical Tradition: Saint Augustine, Roger Bacon, and the Handmaiden Metaphor", in David C. Lindberg and Ronald L. Numbers, ed. ''When Science & Christianity Meet'', (Chicago: University of Chicago Pr., 2003), p.8</ref> === Prime Medievo (476–1000) === In le mundo antique, le greco esseva le lingua principal del scientia. Anque sub le Imperio Roman, textos in [[Lingua latin|latin]] se basava extensivemente sur obras grec, alcun pre-roman e alcun contemporanee; durante que le investigation scientific e le instruction continuava esser realisate in le parte [[hellenistic]] del imperio, in grec. Tentativas romane tardive de traducer scripturas grec in latin habeva successo limitate.<ref>[[William Harris Stahl |William Stahl]], ''Roman Science'' (Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1962). See especially pp. 120–33.</ref> In le transito al Medievo, durante que le cognoscentia del grec diminueva, le Occidente latin se trovava isolate de su radices philosophic e scientific grec. Le major parte del inquisition scientific deveniva basate super information colligite ex fontes frequente incomplete e causante difficultates seriose de interpretation. Qui parlava latin e voleva apprender sur le scientia habeva accesso solmente a libros per scriptores roman como Calcidio, Macrobio, Martianus Capella, Boethio, Cassiodoro, e postea [[Encyclopedista|encyclopedistas]] latin. Multe debeva esser colligite ex fontes non-scientific: manualios roman de arpentage esseva lectionate pro lo que includite geometria.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages |author=Edward Grant |year=1996 |pages=13–14 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-56137-X |oclc=185336926}}</ref> [[File:Aratea 93v.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Diagramma del 9e seculo que monstra le positiones observate e computate del septe planetas le 18 de martio 816.]] Le deurbanisation reduceva le ambito del education e al 6e seculo le instruction e le apprender se moviva a scholas monastic e cathedral, con le centro de education esse le studio del Biblia.<ref>Pierre Riché, ''Education and Culture in the Barbarian West: From the Sixth through the Eighth Century'' (Columbia: Univ. of South Carolina Pr., 1976), pp. 100–29.</ref> Education del laicos surviviva de maniera modeste in Italia, Hispania, e le parte meridional de Gallia, ubi le influentias roman esseva le plus durabile. Al 7e seculo, le apprender comenciava a emerger in Irlanda e le paises Celtic, ubi latin esseva un lingua estranie e textos latin esseva studiate e ensegnate con entusiasmo.<ref>Pierre Riché, ''Education and Culture in the Barbarian West: From the Sixth through the Eighth Century'' (Columbia: Univ. of South Carolina Pr., 1976), pp. 307–23.</ref> Le principal scholares del prim seculos esseva ecclesiasticos pro qui le studio del natura esseva ma un parte parve de lor interesse. Illes viveva in un atmosphera que provideva pauco appoio institutional pro le studio disinteressate de phaenomenos natural. Le studio del natura esseva perseque plus pro rationes practic que como un inquire abstracte: le necessitate de curar le malades conduciva al studio de medicina e de textos ancian sur medicamentes,<ref>Linda E. Voigts, "Anglo-Saxon Plant Remedies and the Anglo-Saxons," ''Isis'', 70(1979):250–68; reprinted in M. H. Shank, ed., ''The Scientific Enterprise in Antiquity and the Middle Ages'', (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Pr., 2000).</ref> le necessitate pro monachos de determinar le tempore juste pro pregar les conduciva al studio del motion del stellas,<ref>Stephen C. McCluskey, "Gregory of Tours, Monastic Timekeeping, and Early Christian Attitudes to Astronomy," ''Isis'', 81(1990):9–22; reprinted in M. H. Shank, ed., ''The Scientific Enterprise in Antiquity and the Middle Ages'', (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Pr., 2000).</ref> le necessitate de computar le data de Pascha les conduciva al studio e ensegnamento de mathematica rudimentari e del motiones del Sol e Luna.<ref>Stephen C. McCluskey, ''Astronomies and Cultures in Early Medieval Europe'' (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1998), pp. 149–57.</ref> Lectores moderne poterea trovar disconcertante que a vices le mesme obras discute tanto le detalios technic de phaenomenos natural como lor signification symbolic.<ref>Faith Wallis, "'Number Mystique' in Early Medieval Computus Texts," pp. 179–99 in T. Koetsier and L. Bergmans, eds. ''Mathematics and the Divine: A Historical Study'' (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005).</ref> Verso le anno 800, [[Carolo Magne]], adjutate per le monacho anglese Alcuino de York, initiava lo que deveniva cognoscite como le Renascentia Carolingian, un programma de revitalisation cultural e reforma educational. Le aspecto scientific principal del reforma educational de Carolo Magno concerneva le studio e le ensegnamento de astronomia, tanto como un arte practic que le clericos requireva pro calcular le data de Pascha, como un disciplina theoric.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Butzer |editor-first=Paul Leo |editor2-last=Lohrmann |editor2-first=Dietrich |title=Science in Western and Eastern Civilization in Carolingian Times |place=Basel / Boston / Berlin |publisher=Birkhäuser Verlag |year=1993 |isbn=0-8176-2863-0 }}</ref> A partir del anno 787, decretos esseva emittite recommendante le restauration de scholas ancian e le fundation de nove in tote le imperio. Institutionalmente, iste nove scholas esseva sub le responsabilitate de un [[monasterio]], un [[cathedral]], o un curia nobili. Le labor scientific del periodo post Carolo Magno non esseva tanto concernite con investigation original como illo esseva con le studio active e le investigation de textos scientific roman antique.<ref>{{cite book |last=Eastwood |first=Bruce S. |title=Ordering the Heavens: Roman Astrology and Cosmology in the Caroligian Renaissance |place=Leiden / Boston |publisher=Brill |year=2007 |page=23 |isbn=978-90-04-16186-3 }}</ref> Iste investigation aperiva le cammino pro le effortio posterior de studiosos occidental de recuperar e traducer textos grec ancian in philosophia e scientias. === Alte Medievo (1000–1300) === {{Further|[[Renascentia del seculo XII]]|[[Traductiones latin del seculo XII]]}} [[File:Tavernier Jean Mielot.jpg|thumb|left|Le traduction de operes grec e arabe permitteva le plen developmento del philosophia christian e le methodo [[Scholastica|scholastic]].]] A comenciar circa le anno 1050, eruditos europee edificava super lor cognoscentia existente cercante cognoscentia antique in textos grec e arabe que illes traduceva in latino. Illes se incontrava con un grande varietate de textos classic grec, algun de quales ja esseva traducite in arabe, accompagnate per commentarios e opera independente de pensatores islamic.<ref>Charles Homer Haskins (1927), ''The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century'' (Cambridge: Harvard UP), pp. 278–302.</ref> Gerard de Cremona es un bon exemplo: un italiano qui viagiava a Espania pro copiar un sol texto, ille remaneva pro traducer circa septanta obras.<ref>{{cite book|author=Howard R. Turner|title=Science in Medieval Islam: An Illustrated Introduction|year=1995|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=0-292-78149-0|oclc=231712498|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/scienceinmedieva0000turn}}</ref> Su biographia describe como ille arrivava a Toledo: "Ille esseva instruite ab infantia in centros de studio philosophic e habeva acquirate cognoscentia de omne que esseva cognoscite per le Latinos; ma pro amore del Almagesto, que ille non poteva trovar del toto inter le Latinos, ille se dirigeva a Toledo; ibi, vidente le abundantia de libros in arabe sur cata subjecto e regretante le paupertate del Latinos in iste cosas, ille apprendeva le lingua arabe, a fin de esser capace de traducer."<ref>{{cite book |title=A Source Book in Medieval Science |author=Edward Grant |year=1974 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=0-674-82360-5 |page=35}}</ref> [[File:Map of Medieval Universities.jpg|thumb|220px|Mapa de universitates medieval. Illos initiava un nove infrastructura que esseva necesse pro communitates scientific.]] In iste periodo, nos videva etiam le nascentia de universitates medieval, que beneficiava materialmente del textos traducite e provideva un nove infrastructura pro communitates scientific. Alicun de iste nove universitates esseva registrate como institutiones de excellentia international per le [[Sacre Imperio Roman]], recipiente le titulo de ''Studium Generale''. Le major parte del prime ''Studia Generali'' se trovava in [[Italia]], [[Francia]], [[Anglaterra]] e [[Espania]], e iste esseva considerate le locos plus prestigiose de apprendimento in Europa. Iste lista cresceva rapidemente durante que nove universitates esseva fundate a traverso de Europa. Isto se produciva al minus al comenciar del 13e seculo, quando scholares de un ''Studium Generale'' esseva incoragiate a dar cursos de lectura in altere institutes a trans Europa e a compartir documentos, e isto conduceva al cultura academic actual vidite in le universitates european moderne. Le rediscoperta del obras de Aristotele permitteva le plen developmento del nove philosophia christian e le methodo scholastic. Al 1200, il habeva translationes latino relativemente accurate del obras principal de [[Aristotele]], [[Euclide]], [[Ptolemeo]], [[Archimedes]] e [[Galeno]]—il es dicite, de omne le autores antique intellectualmente crucial excepte [[Platon]]. Anque, multe del textos clave medieval arab e judee, como le obras principal de [[Avicenna]], [[Averroes]] e [[Maimonides]], deveniva disponibile in latino. Durante le 13e seculo, le [[Scholastica|scholasticos]] expandeva le philosophia natural de iste textos con commentarios (associate con lection in le universitates) e tractatos independente. Notabile inter istos esseva le obras de Robert Grosseteste, Roger Bacon, John de Sacrobosco, Alberto Magno e Duns Scoto. Le scholasticos credeva in le empirismo e le appoio a doctrinas catholic a traverso studio secular, ration, e logica. Le plus famose esseva Thomas de Aquino (postea declarate un "[[Doctor del Ecclesia]]"), qui dirigeva le cambio ab le platonismo e au[[augustinismo]] rso le aristotelismo (ben que le philosophia natural non esseva su interesse principal). Intertanto, precursores del methodo scientific moderne se poteva vider ja in le emphase de Grosseteste sur le mathematica como maniera de comprender le natura e in le approcio empiric admirate per Roger Bacon. [[File:Optics from Roger Bacon's De multiplicatone specierum.jpg|thumb|250px|Diagramma optic monstrante le refraccion de luce per un recipiente spheric de vitro plen de aqua (ex Roger Bacon, ''De multiplicatione specierum'').]] Grosseteste esseva le fundator del famose schola franciscan de Oxford. Ille basava su travalio sur le vision aristotelic del duplice via del rationamento scientific. Concluder ab observationes particular a un lege universal, e alora retro: ab leges universal a predictiones de particular. Grosseteste appellava isto "resolution e composition". Plus, Grosseteste diceva que ambes vias debe esser verificate per experimento a fin de verificar le principios. Iste ideas establiva un tradition que portava al futuro a Padua e Galileo Galilei in le 17e seculo. Sub le tutela de Grosseteste e inspirate per le scripturas de [[Alchimia|alchimistas]] arab qui habeva preservate e construite sur le portrait de Aristotele del induction, Bacon describeva un cyclo repetitive de observation, [[Hypothese|hypothese]], experimento, e le necessitate de verification independente. Ille registrava le maniera in le qual ille conducite su experimentos con un precision detaliate de modo que alteres poteva reproducer e testar independentemente su resultados - un fundamento del [[methodo scientific]], e un continuation del labor de investigatores como Al Battani. Bacon e Grosseteste conduciteva investigationes in [[optica]], ben que multo de illo esseva simile a lo que esseva facite al tempore per scholares arab. Bacon faceva un importante contribution al disveloppamento del scientia in le Europa medieval per scriber al [[Papa]] pro incitar al studio del scientia natural in cursos universitari e compiler plure volumines que registrava le stato del cognoscentia scientific in multe campos al tempore. Ille descripeva le possibile construction de un telescopio, ma non ha evidente forte de haber facite un. === Tarde Medievo (1300–1500) === Durante le prime medietate del 14e seculo, vidite le labor scientific de grande pensatores. Le studios logic de William de Occam lo conduxisse a postular un formulation specific del principio de parsimonia, cognoscite hodie como la razor de Occam. Iste principio es un del principal heuristicas usate per le scientia moderne pro seliger inter duo o plus theorias subdeterminate, ben que sia justo notar que iste principio esseva usate explicitemente per Ambrosio e [[Aristotele]] ante ille. A medida que le studiosos occidental deveniva plus consciente (e plus acceptante) de tractatos scientific controversial del Imperios Byzantine e Islamic, iste lecturas inspirava nove perspectivas e speculationes. Le obras del prime studioso Byzantine John Philoponus inspirava studiosos occidental como Jean Buridan a questionar le sapientia acceptate del [[Mechanica classic|mechanica]] de Aristoteles. Buridan disveloppava le theoria de impeto, que esseva un passo verso le concepto moderne de inertia. Buridan anticipava [[Isaac Newton]] quando ille scribeva: [[File:Galileo-1638-173.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Le demonstration de [[Galileo]] del lege del spatio percorrite in caso de moto uniformemente variabile - como [[Oresme]] habeva demonstrate seculos anteriormente.]] {{Citation|...post haber lasciate le bracio del lanciator, le projectil esseva movite per un impetus date a illo per le lanciator e continuarerea a esser movite tanto que le impetus remaneva plus forte que le resistantia, e esserea de durata infinite si non esseva diminuite e corrupte per un fortia contrari resistente illo o per alique inclinante illo a un motion contrari.}} Thomas Bradwardine e su associate, le Calculatores de Merton College, Oxford, distingueva cinetica de dinamica, accentuante le cinetica, e investigante velocitate instantaneous. Illes formulava le theorema del velocitate medie: un corpore moviente con velocitate constante percorre distantia e tempore equal a un corpore accelerante cuje velocitate es le medietate del velocitate final del corpore accelerante. Illes anque demonstrava iste theorema — le essentia de "Lege del Corpores Cadente" — multo ante [[Galileo Galilei|Galileo]], a qui se attribue generalmente iste theorema.<ref>[[Clifford Truesdell]] (1968), ''Essays in the History of Mechanics'' New York: Springer-Verlag.</ref> A su vice, Nicole Oresme monstrava que le rationes proponite per le physic de Aristoteles contra le movemento del Terra non esseva valide e adduceva le argumento de simplicitate pro le theoria que le Terra se move, e non le caelos. Nonobstante iste argumento a favor del motion del Terra, Oresme retrocedeva al opinion commun que "omnes affirman, e ego ipse creo, que le caelos se move e non le terra."<ref>{{cite book |author=Nicole Oresme |author-link=Nicole Oresme |editor1-last=Menut |editor1-first=Albert D. |editor2-last=Denomy |title=Le Livre du ciel et du monde |year=1968 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |location=Madison |pages=536–7 |editor2-first=Alexander J.}}</ref> Le historia del scientia Ronald Numbers nota que le assumption scientific moderne del naturalismo methodologic pote esser tractate al travalio de iste pensatores medieval: {{Citation|Al fin del Medievo le recerca de causas natural deveniva typic del labor de philosophos natural christian. Ben que characteristicamente lassante le porta aperite pro le possibilitate de intervento divin directe, illes frequentemente exprimeva contemptu pro contemporaneos debile de mente qui invocava miraculos invicem que cercava explicationes natural. Le cleric del Universitate de Paris Jean Buridan (ca. 1295–ca. 1358), describite como "probabilemente le magistro de artes le plus brillante del Medievo", contrastava le recerca del philosopho pro "causas natural appropriates" con le habitude erronee del populo de attribuer phenomena astronomic insolite al supernatural. In le 14e seculo, le philosopho natural Nicole Oresme (ca. 1320–82), qui deveniva postea un episcopo catholic roman, admoniva que, durante le discussion de varie miraculos del natura, "non existe ration a recurrer al caelos, le ultime refugio del debile, o demonios, o al nostre Deo gloriose como si ille produceria iste effectos directemente, plus que ille effectos cujas causas nos crede ben cognite."<ref>[[Ronald L. Numbers]] (2003). "Science without God: Natural Laws and Christian Beliefs" in ''When Science and Christianity Meet'', edited by David C. Lindberg and Ronald L. Numbers. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, p. 267.</ref>}} Tamen, un serie de eventos que devenirea cognoscite como le Crise del Tardo Medievo esseva in curso. Quando veniva le [[Peste nigre|Morte Nigre]] de 1348, illo sigillava un fin subite al epocha precedente de progresso scientific. Le peste occideva un tertie del population in Europa, specialmente in le conditiones crowdate del urbes, ubi se trovava le nucleo del innovationes. Recurrentias del peste e altere catastrophes causava un declino continuae del population pro un seculo. === Renascentia (15e seculo) === [[File:Da Vinci Vitruve Luc Viatour.jpg|thumb|''[[Homo Vitruvian]]'' de [[Leonardo da Vinci]].]] Le 15e seculo viderea le initio del movimento cultural del Reanscentia. Le rediscoverimento de textos scientific grec, tanto antiques como medieval, accelerava quando le [[Imperio Byzantin]] cedeva al [[Imperio Ottoman|Ottomanos]] e multe studiosos byzantin cercava refugio in Occidente, particularmente in [[Italia]]. In tote, le invento del impression habeva grande effectos sur le societate europee: le dissemination facilitate del parolas impressite democratizava le apprentissage e permitteva un propagation plus rapide de nove ideas. Quando le Renascentia se diffundeva al Europa del Nord, le scientia essera revivificate per figuras como [[Nicolaus Copernico|Copernico]], [[Francis Bacon]] e [[René Descartes|Descartes]] (ben que Descartes es frequentemente describite como un pensator del prime Enlichtenment, plus que del fin del Renaissance). == Influentias Byzantin e Islamic == === Interactiones byzantin === Le [[Imperio Byzantin|scientia byzantin]] ha jocate un importante rolo in le transmission de cognoscentia classic al mundo islamic e al Italia del Renascentia, e etiam in le transmission de cognoscentia arab medieval al Italia del Renaissance. Su rica tradition historiographic ha conservate cognoscentia antique super le qual [[arte]], [[architectura]], [[litteratura]] e successos technologic magnificente esseva construite. Scientistas byzantine ha conservate e continuate le hereditage del grandes mathematicos del antiquitate grec e les ha applicate in practica. In le Byzantium prime (5e-7e seculos), le architectos e mathematicos Isidore de Milet e Anthemius de Tralles usava formulas mathematic complexe pro construer le grande templo "Hagia Sophia," un breakthrough technologic magnificente pro su epocha e pro seculos postea, a causa de su geometria impressionante, designo audace e altezza. In le Byzantium tardive (9e-12e seculos), mathematicos como Michael Psellos considerava le mathematica como un medio pro interpreter le mundo. Ioanne Philopono, un scholare byzantine del 6e seculo, esseva le prime persona a questionar systematicamente le doctrina de physica de Aristotele.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/historians-miscellaneous-biographies/john-philoponus|title=John Philoponus &#124; Encyclopedia.com|website=www.encyclopedia.com|access-date=May 7, 2020}}</ref> Isto serviva como inspiration pro Galileo Galilei dece seculos plus tarde, dato que Galileo citava substantialmente Philoponus in su obras quando Galileo argumentava proque le physica aristotelic esseva defective durante le Revolution Scientific.<ref>Lindberg, David. (1992) ''The Beginnings of Western Science''. University of Chicago Press. Page 162.</ref><ref>{{Cite book | chapter-url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/philoponus/ |title = The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|chapter = John Philoponus|year = 2018|publisher = Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University}}</ref> === Interactiones islamic === [[File:Westerner and Arab practicing geometry 15th century manuscript.jpg|159px|right|thumb|Un [[Mundo occidental|occidental]] e un [[arabe]] apprendent [[geometria]] in le 15e seculo.]] Le Imperio Byzantine initialmente provideva al mundo islamic medieval textos [[Greco ancian|antique grec]] sur astronomia e mathematica pro translation al [[Lingua arabe|arabe]]. Postea, con le emergentia del mundo islamic, scientistas byzantin como Gregorio Chioniades traduceva textos arabe sur astronomia, mathematica e scientia islamic in greco medieval, includente le obras de Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi,<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2998/ |title=Introduction to Astronomy, Containing the Eight Divided Books of Abu Ma'shar Abalachus |website=[[World Digital Library]] |year=1506 |access-date=2013-07-16 |accessdate=2024-01-10 |archivedate=2019-10-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012043331/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/2998/ }}</ref> Ibn Yunus, al-Khazini,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pingree |first1=David |author-link=David Pingree |name-list-style=vanc |year=1964 |title=Gregory Chioniades and Palaeologan Astronomy |journal=Dumbarton Oaks Papers |volume=18 |pages=135–60 |doi=10.2307/1291210 |jstor=1291210 }}</ref> [[Mohamet ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi|Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī]]<ref>{{cite journal |title=Reviews: ''The Astronomical Works of Gregory Chioniades, Volume I: The Zij al- Ala'i'' by Gregory Chioniades, David Pingree; ''An Eleventh-Century Manual of Arabo-Byzantine Astronomy'' by Alexander Jones|first=David A.|last=King|journal=[[Isis (journal)|Isis]]|volume=82|issue=1|date=March 1991|pages=116–8|doi=10.1086/355661}}</ref> e Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī inter alteres. Il habeva etiam scientistas byzantine qui usava translitterationes arabe pro describer certe conceptos scientific in vice de equivalentes terminos antique grec (como le uso del arabe "talei" in vice del antique grec "horoscopus"). Assi, le scientia byzantine jocava un rolo importante non solmente in transmitter cognoscentia antique grec a Europa Occidental e al mundo islamic, ma etiam in transmitter cognoscentia islamic a Europa Occidental. Scientistas byzantine deveniva cognite etiam con le astronomia sassanide e indian per citationes in alcun obras arabe.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pingree |first1=David |author-link=David Pingree |name-list-style=vanc |year=1964 |title=Gregory Chioniades and Palaeologan Astronomy |journal=Dumbarton Oaks Papers |volume=18 |pages=135–60 (139, fn. 33) |doi=10.2307/1291210|jstor=1291210 }}</ref> {{Ref}} == Bibliographia == *{{cite book |last=Crombie |first=A. C. |author-link=Alistair Cameron Crombie |title=Augustine to Galileo: The History of Science A.D. 400 - 1650 |orig-year=1952 |edition=Revised |year=1969 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=0-14-055074-7 |oclc=668995}} *{{cite book |author=Grant, Edward |author-link=Edward Grant |title=The foundations of modern science in the Middle Ages: their religious, institutional, and intellectual contexts |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK |year=1996 |isbn=0-521-56762-9 }} *{{cite book |author=Grant, Edward |author-link=Edward Grant |title=A source book in medieval science |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1974 |isbn=0-674-82360-5 }} *{{cite book |last=Hannam |first=James |title=The Genesis of Science: How the Christian Middle Ages Launched the Scientific Revolution |publisher=Regnery |year=2011 |location=Washington, DC |pages=454 |isbn=978-1-59698-155-3}} *{{cite book |author=Huff, Toby E. |author-link=Toby Huff |title=The rise of early modern science: Islam, China, and the West |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK |year=2003 |isbn=0-521-52994-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DLxRGjr1gYQC&pg=PA245}} *{{cite book |last=Lindberg|first=David C. |author-link=David C. Lindberg |title=The Beginnings of Western Science |url=https://archive.org/details/beginningsofwest00lind|url-access=registration|year=1992 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |isbn=0-226-48230-8 |oclc=185636619}} *{{cite book |author=Lindberg, David C. |author-link=David C. Lindberg |title=Science in the middle ages |publisher=University of Chicago P |location=Chicago |year=1978 |isbn=0-226-48233-2 }} *{{cite book |editor1-last=Lindberg |editor1-first=David C. |editor1-link=David C. Lindberg |editor2-last=Shank |editor2-first=Michael H. |title=The Cambridge History of Science |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=2, Medieval Science |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-521-59448-6 |url=http://universitypublishingonline.org/cambridge/histories/ebook.jsf?bid=CHO9780511974007 |access-date=2014-01-17 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110954/http://universitypublishingonline.org/cambridge/histories/ebook.jsf?bid=CHO9780511974007 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite book |title=Breakthroughs. A chronology of great achievements in science and mathematics, 1200-1930 |author=Parkinson, Claire |year=1985 |publisher=Mansell |isbn=0-7201-1800-X }} *{{cite book |author=Restivo, Sal P. |title=Science, technology, and society: An Encyclopedia |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford [Oxfordshire] |year=2005 |isbn=0-19-514193-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1uHrupcekRsC&pg=PA531}} *{{cite book |author=Shank, Michael H. |title=The scientific enterprise in antiquity and the middle ages: readings from Isis |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |year=2000 |isbn=0-226-74951-7 }} *{{cite book |author=Walsh, James |author-link=James Joseph Walsh |title=The Popes and Science: The History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time |year=1908 |publisher=Kessinger Publishing |orig-year=1908 |isbn=0-7661-3646-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/popesandscience00goog}} :Review: {{cite journal |doi=10.1097/00000658-190903000-00030 |last1= Walsh|first1= James J.|title=The Popes and Science |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=445–7 |date=March 1909 |pmc=1407075 }} {{Historia del scientia}} [[Categoria:Cultura medieval]] [[Categoria:Scientia e technologia in Europa]] [[Categoria:Scientia in le Medievo| ]] cnjve3ibz3axpu0ienavqd7vpohsl41 Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis 0 58947 696254 690929 2026-04-01T03:21:00Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis'' | image = Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus.png | image_alt = TBEV at different pH levels | image_caption = ''O. encephalitidis'' a different pH nivellos. | domain = [[Riboviria]] | regnum = [[Orthornavirae]] | phylum= [[Kitrinoviricota]] | classis = [[Flasuviricetes]] | ordo= [[Amarillovirales]] | familia = [[Flaviviridae]] | genus = ''[[Orthoflavivirus]]'' | taxon = ''Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis'' | taxon_rank = [[Specie]] | authority = [[ICTV]], 2022 | synonyms =*''Tick-borne encephalitis virus'' <small>ICTV, 1979</small> }} '''''Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis''''' (ex ''tick-borne encephalitis virus'') es un [[specie]] de [[virus]] del [[Familia (rango taxonomic)|familia]] [[Flaviviridae]]. Es un [[arbovirus]] ([[arthropodo]]portate virus) transmittite per [[Ixodidae|ticcas dur]]. Pote infectar plure typos de [[mammiferos]] e causar le [[encephalite ticcaportate]] in [[Homo sapiens|human]]. Se distingue al minus 3 subtypos, associate con differente species de ticca. == Transmission == [[Vector (epidemiologia)|Vector]]: le virus es transmittite per [[Ixodida|ticcas]] del [[Genere (rango taxonomic)|genere]] ''[[Ixodes]]''. [[Reservoir]]: su hospites primari poterea esser ticcas ipse, rodentes o [[Insectivora|insectivoros]].<ref name=Domestic>Salat J, Ruzek D. Tick-borne encephalitis in domestic animals. Acta Virol. 2020;64(2):226-232. {{doi|10.4149/av_2020_212}}. PMID: 32551790.</ref> [[Hospite]]s: [[primate]]s (cuje [[Human]]), [[ruminantes]], [[cavallo]]s, [[rodentes]], [[carnivoros]] (cuje [[can]]) ma alsi [[aves]] e ipse le [[mosquito]] ''[[Aedes vexans]]''.<ref name=ca>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.canada.ca/fr/sante-publique/services/biosecurite-biosurete-laboratoire/fiches-techniques-sante-securite-agents-pathogenes-evaluation-risques/virus-encephalite-tiques.html |accessdate=2024-05-26 |archivedate=2024-05-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526084752/https://www.canada.ca/fr/sante-publique/services/biosecurite-biosurete-laboratoire/fiches-techniques-sante-securite-agents-pathogenes-evaluation-risques/virus-encephalite-tiques.html }}</ref> Un transmission [[alimento|alimentari]] per le [[lacte]] non [[Pasteurisation|pasteurisate]] de ruminante infectate es possibile.<ref name=Domestic /> == Virologia == Es un [[virus de ARN]] de singulo filamento de senso positive. Su genoma es longe de circa 11 kb.<ref>Thomas, S. J., T. P. Endy, A. L. Rothman, et A. D. Barrett. 2015. Flaviviruses (Dengue, Yellow Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, West Nile Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, Tick-Borne Encephalitis, Kyasanur Forest Disease, Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever, Zika), p. 1881. J. E. Bennett, R. Dolin, and M. J. Blaser (eds.), Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 8e ed.,. Elsevier.</ref> ''Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis'' admitte al minus tres subtypos: * West Europa subtypo, principalmente transmittite per ''[[Ixodes ricinus]]''; * [[Siberia]]n subtypo, principalmente transmittite per ''[[Ixodes persulcatus]]''; * Est Asia subtypo, principalmente transmittite per ''[[Ixodes persulcatus]]''.<ref>{{Cite book | vauthors = Goodman JL, Dennis DT, Sonenshine DE |title=Tick-Borne Diseases of Humans|year=2005|publisher=ASM Press|location=Washington, DC|isbn=978-1-55581-238-6|page=151|chapter=Tick-Borne Encephalitis }}</ref> Subtypos [[Laco Baikal|baikalian]] e [[himalaya]]n son alsi proposate.<ref>{{Cite Q|Q91314251}}</ref> Le [[cippo]] de referentia es Sofjin cippo.<ref name=Kovalev>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kovalev SY, Mukhacheva TA, Kokorev VS, Belyaeva IV | title = Tick-borne encephalitis virus: reference strain Sofjin and problem of its authenticity | journal = Virus Genes | volume = 44 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–224 | date = April 2012 | pmid = 22095094 | doi = 10.1007/s11262-011-0690-9 | s2cid = 12587373 }}</ref> == Pathogenicitate == Le virus es [[Pathogene agente|pathogene]]. Duo casos sur tres son asymptomatic. Le maladia pote esser biphasic con un prime phase affectante [[Pelle|cellulas cutanee]] e [[Glandula lymphatic|lymphatic glandulas]]. In le secunde phase, le virus traversa le hematoencephalic barriera producente neuronal inflammation in le [[systema nervose central]] (meningite (principalmente in infantes), meningoencephalite, meningoencephalomyelite, [[paralyse flaccide]] (poliomyelite), polyradiculonevrite ([[syndrome de Guillain-Barré]]) o formas [[Hemorrhagia|hemorrhagic]]). Neurologic [[sequela]]s affecta de 26 % ad 46 % de casos.<ref name=ca/> Le typo Est-asiatic pare esser le plus [[Virulentia|virulente]] con un rata de [[Morte|mortalitate]] de 5 % ad 40 % contra 6 % ad 8 % con le typo siberian e de 1 % ad 2 % con le typo europee.<ref name=ca/> == Vaccination == Nove [[vaccino]]s permitte le [[vaccination]] del [[population]] in regiones [[Endemismo|endemic]]. {{Refer}} [[Categoria:Flaviviridae]] g7kq7otwc91djzou4wq3g9ql805ut67 Wikipedia:Taverna 4 60455 696255 695523 2026-04-01T04:42:51Z MediaWiki message delivery 18839 /* Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! */ nove section 696255 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <div class="wikitable plainlinks" style="padding: 1ex 1em"> <div style="background: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover, #d9e2ff); color: inherit; text-align: center"> {{Navigation de adjuta}} </div> <div style="margin: 1em"> {{Via curte|WP:T|WP:VP|principal=si}} '''Benvenite''' al pagina del Taverna, ubi tu pote lassar messages al redactores de [[Wikipedia in interlingua]]. [[File:Crystal_Clear_action_edit_add.png|24px|link={{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit&section=new}}]] {{spaces|3}} <span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand">'''[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit&section=new}} Nove commentario]'''</span>, al fin de iste pagina. [[File:DoNotFeedTroll.svg|24px|link=troll (Internet)]] {{spaces|3}} Per favor, non alimenta le [[troll (Internet)|trolls]]. [[File:Crystal_Clear_app_lists.png|24px||link=Wikipedia:Activitates pendente]] {{spaces|3}} [[Wikipedia:Activitates pendente|Activitates]] proponite in le Taverna. [[File:Crystal_Clear_app_file-manager.png|24px]] {{spaces|3}} Archivos del Taverna: [[Special:Indice de prefixos/Wikipedia:Taverna/]] [[File:Bot Bienvenido.png|24px|link=Wikipedia:Robot/requestas]] {{spaces|3}} [[Wikipedia:Robot/requestas|Requestas de robots]]. '''⚠️ Non executar robots sin autorisation previe! ''(<span lang="en">Do not run bots without prior authorisation!</span>)'' ⚠️''' </div> <div lang="en"> {{hidden|Please expand for a welcome in English 👉 | text = '''Welcome to the Tavern of Interlingua Wikipedia!'''<br /> Our Tavern is equivalent to the ''Village Pump'' on the English Wikipedia. * '''[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit|section=new}} Please add your comments]''' at the end of this page, on a new section. * To make bot requests, go to '''[[Wikipedia:Robot/requestas]]''', and follow the instructions. * Feel free to leave your message in English if you cannot write in Interlingua. Your message could be replied to in Interlingua. If you don't understand Interlingua, please tell us. Thank you and enjoy Interlingua! | bg1 = var(--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover, #d9e2ff) }} </div> </div> <!-- Scriber infra iste linea --> == Felice anno nove! == Le nove [[pagina principal]] adaptabile a schermos mobile ha essite installate, io spera que illo place a omnes. Discussiones non resolvite de 2025 (non responder in le archivo ma crear un nove discussion hic con le mesme titulo): * [[/2025#Un coincidentia remarcabile]] * [[/2025#Proposition de emendar e promover WP:GUERRA]] * [[/2025#Problema urgente: terminos inventate]] * [[/2025#Patrono:Elem]] – [[Usator:McDutchie|Martijn]] ([[Discussion Usator:McDutchie|discussion]]) 14:56, 1 januario 2026 (UTC) :Me placeva le pagina anterior, ma illo es probabilemente un question de accostumar se. [[Usator:Tim Ocean|Tim Ocean]] ([[Discussion Usator:Tim Ocean|discussion]]) 18:06, 11 martio 2026 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 00:35, 6 januario 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message inviate per User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki usante le lista sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-12-22_Wikipedias&oldid=29825860 --> : Iste cambiamento rumpera [[Patrono:Pre]]. Vide https:{{fullurl:Patrono:Pre|useparsoid=1}}. Essera necessari trovar un altere maniera de facer lo functionar. – [[Usator:McDutchie|Martijn]] ([[Discussion Usator:McDutchie|discussion]]) 20:01, 7 januario 2026 (UTC) :: Io ha ja trovate <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Patrono:Pre|diff=prev&oldid=692621}} un solution]</span>. Vide etiam [[phab:T353697#11454712]]. – [[Usator:McDutchie|Martijn]] ([[Discussion Usator:McDutchie|discussion]])21:45, 7 januario 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you for updating the template. The solution looks good [[Usator:ABreault (WMF)|ABreault (WMF)]] ([[Discussion Usator:ABreault (WMF)|discussion]]) 23:05, 20 januario 2026 (UTC) == Celebration del 75<sup>te</sup> anniversario de interlingua == Un communication del [[UMI]]: Io ha le grande placer de invitar vos al celebration del 75me anniversario de interlingua. Nos observa etiam le 5e anniversario del incontros virtual Venerdi/Sabbato con Interlingua. Le incontro es iste jovedi 15 de januario 2026, 19:00-20:20 horas UTC (20:00-21:20 CET, 16:00-17:20 ART / CLST, 14:00-15:20 ET, 11:00-12:20 PT) [1]. Le evento non require previe registration e vos es libere de condivider le datos de connexion con vostre contactos. Le ligamine non es le mesme que pro Sabbato con Interlingua. Le datos de connexion es: * ''(datos e ligamine Zoom removite post le fin del evento)'' Le programma del evento ha duo blocos de 40 minutas. Le prime bloco habera le sequente presentationes: * [[Thomas Breinstrup]]: "Breve historia de interlingua" * Jacinto Javier Bowks: "Le rima e ration de interlingua" * José Antonio Vergara: "75 annos de interlingua e 25 de Wikipedia: Un coincidentia felice" Le secunde bloco dara le opportunitate pro le participantes de condivider anecdotas, historias, e experientias de vita personal relatate con interlingua. Vos omnes es calidemente invitate! – [[Usator:McDutchie|Martijn]] ([[Discussion Usator:McDutchie|discussion]]) 21:03, 14 januario 2026 (UTC) == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 januario 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message inviate per User:ZI Jony@metawiki usante le lista sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[Usator:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Discussion Usator:MediaWiki message delivery|discussion]]) 13:21, 18 januario 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message inviate per User:Tiven2240@metawiki usante le lista sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> 21:01, 19 januario 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message inviate per User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki usante le lista sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Un articulo eminente que non existe == Collegas, alcuno ha ponite un articulo eminente al pagina principal, que non existe. Le pagina principal exhibi como "articulo eminente" le [[Rapiditate de lumine]], ma le ligamine non funge e, de que io vide, tal articulo non existe. Il ha [[Velocitate de lumine]], ma iste articulo non es eminente. Io non pote reparar isto con mi derectos actual. [[Usator:Tim Ocean|Tim Ocean]] ([[Discussion Usator:Tim Ocean|discussion]]) 18:14, 11 martio 2026 (UTC) == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message inviate per User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki usante le lista sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> 44codysxhlmi1fqoqtcqu98p6dqxlhs Francisco Suárez 0 60830 696251 695394 2026-03-31T21:39:03Z InternetArchiveBot 40773 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 696251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox/articulo/persona}} '''Francisco Suárez de Toledo Vázquez de Utiel y González de la Torre''', cognoscite como '''Doctor Eximius''' ([[Granada]], 5 de januario 1548-[[Lisbona]], 25 de septembre 1617), esseva un [[theologo]], [[philosopho]] e [[jurista]] [[Compania de Jesus|jesuita]] [[Espania|espaniol]]. Ille esseva considerate un del plus grande [[Scholastica|scholasticos]], insimul con [[Francisco de Vitoria]], del thomismo baroco. Su travalio es considerate un puncto de inflexion in le historia del [[Secunde scholasticismo]], que marca le ultime grande travalio del [[scholastica]] verso le travalios in [[philosophia moderne]]. Secundo Christopher Shields e Daniel Schwartz, «figuras tan distincte inter se in le loco, le tempore e le orientation philosophic como [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[Hugo Grocio|Grocio]], [[Samuel Pufendorf|Pufendorf]], [[Arthur Schopenhauer|Schopenhauer]] e [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]] trovava rationes pro citar lo como fonte de inspiration e influentia».<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/suarez/|titulo=Francisco Suárez|data de accesso=20 de februario 2023|data=21 de julio 2014|sitioweb=plato.stanford.edu|editorial=[[Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]|lingua=en}}</ref> == Biographia == [[File:Granada - Plaza del Padre Suárez 7.jpg|Placa memorial del nascentia del P. Suárez in Granada|thumb]] [[File:Monument Francisco Suarez Granada.jpg|thumb|Monumento in Granada, Espania.]] Ille esseva le filio minor de un familia [[Hidalgo (noble)|hidalga]] formate per le advocato Gaspar Suárez de Toledo e su marita Antonia Vázquez de Utiel.<ref>S. Rábade, ''op. cit''.</ref> Le oncle de Suárez, [[Francisco de Toledo Herrera]], esseva un eminente professor de philosophia qui deveniva le prime cardinal jesuita.<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://ntvespana.com/02/09/2023/biografia-de-francisco-suarez-por-carlos-quequesana/|titulo=Biographia de Francisco Suárez|autor=Carlos Quequesana}}</ref> Ille nasceva in Granada in 1548 e, sequente le tradition paterne, partiva a [[Salamanca]] pro studiar leges in 1561, quando resonava ancora le inseniamentos de [[Francisco de Vitoria]] e su discipulos, sed, impressionate per le predication del jesuita Juan Ramírez in le [[Quadragesima]] de 1564,<ref name="Sin-nombre-p3JF-1">S. Rábade, ''op. cit.''</ref> entrava in le novitiato que le [[Societate de Jesus]] habeva in [[Medina del Campo]],<ref name="Sin-nombre-p3JF-1" /> ben que ille esseva rejectate initialmente a causa de su manco de vivacitate intellectual. Recipite, nonobstante, con le statuto de ''indifferente'', lo que equivaleva a que on determinarea posteriormente su valor como prestre o como fratre, ille demonstrava postea sufficiente genio pro disvelopper un del carrieras intellectual le plus brillante de su tempore. Ille prosequeva su studios in le collegio jesuita de Salamanca in 1570, ubi ille esseva discipulo del patre [[Martín Gutiérrez]], e studiava [[philosophia]], [[derecto]] e [[theologia]]. Il inseniava philosophia in [[Segovia]], ubi ille esseva ordinate sacerdote in 1572,<ref name="Sin-nombre-p3JF-1"/> e post un breve demora in [[Ávila]] in 1575 como professor de theologia ille partiva a [[Valladolid]] in 1576, in de qual Collegio jesuitic ille commentava le parte I del ''[[Summa theologic]]'' del dominicano Sancte [[Thomas de Aquino]] de 1576 a 1580, sed non un commentario servil e de mer repetition, sino de approfundamento e contrasto con le avantiamento philosophic del epocha, sed semper respectante e dante le prime loco al principios e methodo de Sancte Thomas. In 1580 ille esseva appellate a [[Roma]] pro inseniar theologia in le Collegio jesuita de [[Roma]], antecedente del [[universitate Gregoriana]]; ibi ille componeva bastante tractatos theologic, del quales se conserva notas publicate e inedite, e dava classes usque a 1585; Sergio Rábade pensa que in le curso 1582-1583 ille debeva scriber su ''De gratia''.<ref>{{cita web|apellidos1=Rábade|nombre1=Sergio|título=Francisco Suárez|url=http://dbe.rah.es/biografias/8415/francisco-suarez|obra=Diccionario biográfico español|editorial=Real Academia de la Historia|title=Archive copy|accessdate=2026-03-09|archivedate=2025-01-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114192550/https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/8415/francisco-suarez}}</ref> Ille esseva multo ligate al cardinal [[Roberto Belarmino|Belarmino]], ancian discipulo de [[Juan de Mariana]], assi como al papa, [[Gregorio XIII]], e tamben cognosceva le mathematico [[Christophoro Clavio]] e humanistas como [[Orazio Torsellini]] e [[Niccolò Orlandini]];<ref name="Sin-nombre-p3JF-1"/> per altere parte, inter su discipulos ille habeva [[Mucio Vitelleschi]], postea General del Compania, e le theologo [[Leonardo Lessio]]. Sed le clima humide de Roma aggravava su rheuma e le menaciava con un tuberculosis; su superiores, terrificate per su maladias, le ordinava transferer se pro inseniar al plus sic [[Alcalá de Henares]] per medio de un permutation con le patre jesuita [[Gabriel Vázquez]], un theologo grande specialista in [[Augustino de Hippona]] con qui certemente ille non sympathisava; ibi ille esseva, inter 1585 e 1592, multo ben curante e respectate per su superiores, alique que eveliava le suspiciones e invidias de Vázquez quando ille retornava a Alcalá, secundo se infere del correspondentia conservate de ambes. Ille comenciava tunc a preparar le edition de su prime operas, que le valeva difficultates con censores dominican como [[Diego de Avendaño|Avendaño]] e inclusive jesuitas como le citate [[Gabriel Vázquez]] e su ancian discipulo [[Leonardo Lessius]]. In 1593 ille retornava a Salamanca pro inseniar, e finiva finalmente su carriera, per expresse petition del rege [[Philippo II]], in le [[Universitate de Coimbra]], ubi ille entrava in 1597, le mesme anno in que se editava su famosissime ''[[Disputationes metaphysicae]]''. Le pensionamento le arrivava in 1615; tunc ille vadeva a [[Lisbona]], ubi duo annos postea ille moriva. Ille esseva sepultate in dicte citate, in le [[Ecclesia de San Roque (Lisbona)|Ecclesia de San Roque]], que se trova in le [[Bairro Alto]]. Homine de un grande cultura e erudition grec, latin, arabe e hebree, ille poteva assimilar lo tote, ordinar lo, simplificar lo e eliminar de illo verbalismos otiose. Ille esseva appellate ''Doctor Eximius et Pius'' e frueva de enorme autoritate, revitalisante le ja decadite [[scholastica]], que ille compendiaba in su obra principal, su ''Disputationes metaphysicae'' (1597), ubi ille repensa tote le tradition speculative anterior, synthetisante in plus le [[metaphysica]] grecoroman como un disciplina autonome e independente. Iste libro pote considerar se como le prime construction systematic del metaphysica post [[Aristotele]]. Pro illo ille esseva legite per le pensatores posterior, pois que in illo se resumeva, como compendio, le grande sententias del scholasticos. Intra le scholastica surgeva un schola que se cognosce con su nomine, le ''Suarismo'', que se considera sequitor del pensamento de [[Thomas de Aquino]], sed in varie punctos non concordante con le resto del [[Tomismo|tomistas]]. In su grande obra juridic ''Tractatus de legibus ac Deo legislatore'', multo fecunde pro le doctrina [[Iusnaturalismo|iusnaturalista]] e le [[derecho internacional|derecto international]], se trova le idea del [[contracto social]], sed como un modo de organisation del homines, non como origine del poter, le qual, como insenia le p. Suarez, veni solmente e exclusivemente de Deo. Ille distingue inter lege eterne, lege natural, derecto de gentes, lege positive human (derecto civil e derecto canonic) e lege positive divin (le del Vetere e Nove Testamento). Francisco Suárez esseva, insimul con [[Roberto Belarmino|Sancte Roberto Belarmino]], un del theologos qui con major autoritate e brillantia formulava le derecto al resistentia armate contra un poter injuste.<ref>{{citation publication|apellidos1=Sánchez Mazas|nomine1=Rafael|titulo=3. Super le poteres constituite|publication=Cruz y Raya|data=Augusto de 1933|numero=5|pagina=149|url=http://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=4057242&interno=S&posicion=149&presentacion=pagina}}</ref> Ille etiam scribeva ''De anima'', ''De Deo uno et trino'' e ''Defensio fidei catholicae et apostolicae adversus Anglicanae sectae errores''. [[File:Prima pars Summae theologiae de Deo vno et trino BEIC3 V00042 F0006.tif|thumb|''Prima pars Summae theologiae. De Deo vno et trino'' (1607).]] In 1917, coincidente con le III centenario del morte de Francisco Suárez, le [[Partito Integrista]]<ref>{{citation publication|titulo=Bibliotheca Integrista|publication=[[El Siglo Futuro]]|data=28 de novembre de 1917|pagina=4|url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000351358&page=4}}</ref> publicava le prime traduction castilian del obra ''Defensa del fide catholic contra le errores del ecclesia anglican''.<ref>{{citation web|titulo=Defensa del fide catholic contra le errores del ecclesia anglican|url=https://www.todocoleccion.net/libros/defensa-fe-catolica-contra-errores-iglesia-anglicana~x49085033|data=1917}}</ref> == Pensamento philosophic == Su attingimentos philosophic le plus importante esseva in le campo del metaphysica e le philosophia del derecto. Ille adhereva a un thomismo critic (non un mere repetitor, sed un critico profundisante a partir de su proprie principios) e un [https://ntvespana.com/22/11/2023/francisco-suarez-y-la-gnoseologia-anti-nominalista-y-anti-escotista-por-carlos-quequesana/ superation del schola thomista de su epocha, assi como del scholas nominalista e scotista], disveloppante le metaphysica como un investigation systematic. === Metaphysica === Pro Suárez, le [[metaphysica]] es le scientia del [[Esser|ente]] real, que comprende le [[essentia]]s real (e del [[existentia]]). Ille susteneva (insimul con le prime scholasticos) que in [[Deo]] le essentia e le existentia se identifica (vide [[argumento ontologic]]) e esseva de accordo con [[Thomas de Aquino]] que le essentia e le existentia in le esseres finite se distingue realmente (in le senso que tal distinction proveni del realitate e non es producto de un fiction), sed in discordo con alteres, del schola tomista, in que le essentia e le existentia del esseres finite es realmente distincte (in le senso de separabile). Le Doctor Eximie susteneva que in realitate, le essentia e le existentia non es plus que conceptualmente distincte: in loco de esser realmente separabile, illos pote solmente esser concipite como logicamente separate. [[File:Francisco Suarez (1590) Commentariorum ac disputationum in tertiam partem divi Thomae.png|thumb|''Commentariorum ac disputationum in tertiam partem divi Thomae'' (1590).]] [[File:Francisco Suarez (1625) Operis de religione.png|thumb|''Operis de religione'' (1625).]] Super le thema polemic del [[universales]], "face de su philosophia un superation e rejection de ambe scholas",<ref name="dup-0-9">{{Cita web|url=https://ntvespana.com/22/11/2023/francisco-suarez-y-la-gnoseologia-anti-nominalista-y-anti-escotista-por-carlos-quequesana/|titulo=Francisco Suárez y la gnoseología anti nominalista y anti escotista.|autor=Carlos Quequesana}}</ref> a saper, del [[Realismo philosophic|realismo]] de [[Johannes Duns Scotus]] e le [[nominalismo]] de [[Guillermo de Ockham]], de tal maniera que su conception del universales e del singular es anti-scotista e anti-nominalista, habente un position "inspirate, in detrimento del schola nominalista e scotista, in Sancte [[Thomas de Aquino]]"<ref name="dup-0-9" /> Falsemente e injustemente classificate como un nominalista moderate ille ha essite per varie autores (Iste accusation nominalista ha principalmente su genese in León Mahieu, [[:pt:Gallus_Maria_Manser|Gallus Manser OP]], e le jesuitas José Marechal e Carlos Giacon),<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://ntvespana.com/22/11/2023/francisco-suarez-y-la-gnoseologia-anti-nominalista-y-anti-escotista-por-carlos-quequesana/|titulo=Francisco Suárez y la gnoseología anti nominalista y anti escotista.|citation="... Iste accusation nominalista ha principalmente su genese in tres autores, a saper, LEÓN MAHlEU OP e le jesuitas JOSÉ MARECHAL e CARLOS GIACON. [...] Probate que in iste tempore on ha appellate Suárez “nominalista” furiosemente, a dextra e a sinistra, per parte de tomistas influente del epocha, isto non essera ignorate per Gallus Manser, le qual accusa e reprocha, ben que un pauc minus furiose que le precedentes, que, basante se in le nominalistas (inter alteres), Suárez sustenta tote su metaphysica in le cognoscentia intellectual directe del singular"}}</ref> sed su admission de precision objective (''praecisio obiectiva'') lo placa con le realistas moderate. Pro Suárez, le unic unitate ver e real in le mundo del existentias es le individuo; affirma que le universal existe separate ''ex parte rei'' serea reducer le personas a mer accidentes de un forma indivisibile. Suárez sustene que ben que le humanitate de [[Socrates]] non differe de illo de [[Platon]], illos non constitue un ''realiter'' e que le humanitate mesme non consiste in multe ''unitates formal'' (in iste caso, le humanitates) proque il ha personas e istes non constitue un facto, sed solmente un unitate essential o ideal. Le unitate formal, totevia, non es un creation arbitrari del mente, sed existe in le natura del cosas, previemente a omne operation del intellecto. Su travalio metaphysic es un effortio notabile de establir un [[thomismo]] critic, que permitte superar le difficultates gnoseologic e methodologic que le [[scotismo]] e [[nominalismo]] habeva planteate, sed non habeva solvite. Ille es etiam un commentator profunde del operas altomedieval e arabe. Ille poteva fruer del reputation de esser le plus grande metaphysico de su tempore. De iste modo ille fundava un currente proprie: le ''suarezianismo'', cujus principal theses es: * Le principio de individuation per le proprie entitate concrete del esseres. * Le materia es potentia pur, sed receptive. * Le singular como le objecto del cognoscentia intellectual directe. * Un ''distinctio rationis ratiocinatae'' inter le essentia e le existentia del esseres create. * Le possibilitate que le substantia spiritual sia solmente numericamente distincte inter le unes e le alteres. * Le ambition del union hypostatic como le peccato del angelos cadite. * Le incarnation del Verbo, mesmo si Adam non habeva peccate. * Le solemnitate del voto solmente in le derecto ecclesiastic. * Le systema de congruismo que modifica le molinismo per le introduction de circumstantias subjective, assi como de loco e de tempore, que propitia le action del Gratia efficace, e con le predestination ante praevisa merita. * Le possibilitate de arrivar al mesme veritate per le scientia e le fide. * Le credentia in le autoritate divin continite in un acto de fide. * Le transformation del pan e del vino in le corpore e sanguine de Christo per le [[transubstantiation]], constitue le sacrificio eucharistic. * Le Gratia del Sanctissime [[Virgine Maria]] es superior a illo del angelos e sanctos insimul. Suárez realisava un classification importante de isto in ''Disputationes Metaphysicae'' (1597), que influentiava le disveloppamento del theologia intra le catholicismo (su companiero, [[Pedro da Fonseca]] habeva un effecto potente super le pensamento scholastic protestante in le seculos {{siglo|XVI}} e {{siglo|XVII}}). In le secunde parte del libro, le disputas 28-53, Suárez fixa le distinction inter ''ens infinitum'' (Deo) e ''ens finitum'' (esseres create). Le prime division del esser es inter le ''ens infinitum'' e ''finitum ens''. Non solmente on pote divider inter esser infinite e esser finite, sed on pote anque divider lo in ''ens a se'' e ''ens ab alio'', es a dicer, lo que es de se mesme e lo que es de un altere. Un secunde distinction correspondente al ''ens necessarium'' e ''ens contingens'', es a dicer, esser necessari e esser contingente. Ille formula ancora un altere distinction inter ''ens per essentiam'' e ''ens per participationem'', es a dicer, esser que existe per ration de su essentia e esser que solmente existe per le participation in un esser que existe per se mesme (eigentlich). Un altere distinction es inter ''ens increatum'' e ''ens creatum'', es a dicer, non create e lo que esseva create, o creatura, esser. Un ultime distinction es inter le esser como ''actus purus'' e esser como ''ens potentiale'', es a dicer, como acto pur e esser como possibile o potential. Suárez decideva a favor del prime classification del esseres in ''ens infinitum'' e ''finitum ens'' como le fundamental, in relation con le accordos del altere classificationes. === Theologia === [[File:Francisco Suarez (1745) De incarnatione, pars 1.png|thumb|''De incarnatione, pars prima'' (1745).]] [[File:Francisco Suarez (1746) De incarnatione, pars 2.png|thumb|''De incarnatione, pars secunda'' (1746).]] In theologia, Suárez se univa al doctrina de [[Luis de Molina]], le celebre professor jesuita de Évora. Molina tentava conciliar le doctrina del [[predestination]] con le libertate del voluntate human e le inseniamentos de predestination del dominicanos dicente que isto es consequentia del prescientia de Deo del libere determination del voluntate del homine, que per tanto non es affectate per le facto de tal predestination. Suárez tentava reconciliar iste puncto de vista con le doctrinas plus orthodoxe del efficacia del Gratia e le election special, sustenente que, ben que omnes comparti un Gratia plus que sufficiente, se concede al electos un Gratia que es adaptate a lor dispositiones e al circumstantias peculiar infallibilemente, ben que al mesme tempore con tote libertate, illes se livra a su influentia. Iste systema de mediatisar esseva cognoscite per le nomine de ''congruismo''. === Philosophia del Jure === Hic le principal importantia de Suárez proveni probabilemente de su travalio sur le [[Jure natural|lege natural]], e de su argumentos super le jure positive e le ''status'' de un monarcha. Su extense obra ''Tractatus de legibus ac Deo legislatore'' (reimprimite in London, 1679) es precursora de [[Samuel Pufendorf]], inter altere cosas mediante le distinction importante inter jure natural e jure international, que ille videva como basate sur le costume, ultra esser in general, juncto a [[Francisco de Vitoria]], fundamento de illo de [[Grocio]]. Malgrado que su methodo es a transverso del scholasticismo, e tracta super situationes analoge, Grocio parla de ille in terminos de grande respecto. Le position fundamental del obra es que tote le mesuras legislative, assi como tote le poter paternal se deriva de Deo, e que le autoritate de tote le leges se resolve in le sue. Suárez refuta le theoria patriarchal de governamento e le jure divin del reges fundate sur iste doctrina, multo popular in ille momento in Anglaterra e in certe mesura in le continente. Ille argumentava contra le version del contrato social que deveniva dominante in le modernitate precoce inter philosophos politic como [[Thomas Hobbes]] e [[John Locke]], differente principalmente de illes in le relation inter consentimento constitutive e obligation politic, ben que revisiones indica que iste differentias poterea esser mermente interpretative.<ref>Schwartz Porzecanski, D. (2005). ''Francisco Suárez y la tradición del contrato social''. Contrastes: revista international de philosophia, ISSN-e 2659-921X, ISSN 1136-4076, Nº 10</ref> Alcubun de su ideas trovava ecco in le plus liberales, inclusive inter le theoricos adherente del contrato de Locke, qui modificava totalmente le contrato social suarezian, a saper, eliminante Deo e lassante de latere le ''subjectum'' sine qua non, le natura de animal politic (social). In 1613, a instantia del papa [[Paulo V]], Suárez scribeva un tractato dedicate al principes christian de Europa, titulate ''Defensio fidei contra catholicae anglicanae sectae errores'', dirigite contra le juramento de fidelitate que [[Jacobo I de Anglaterra]], rege [[Anglicanismo|anglican]], exigeva a su subditos. In iste tractato, Francisco Suárez sustene que le reges ha le derecto de exiger un juramento de fidelitate a lor vassallos, e istes es postea obligate a complir lo, sempre que illo es petite de forma juste. Suárez reafirma de iste modo le doctrina catholic del obligation de obedir al autoritate legitime, obligation que non se crea mediante le juramento, sed que simplemente se reinfortia invocante a Deo como teste de ille lealtate. Tamen, Suárez considera clarmente illicite que un rege —[[Jacobo I de Anglaterra|Jacobo I]]— obliga su subditos a promitter obedientia al rege in questiones ecclesiastic con detrimento del autoritate del [[Ecclesia catholic]], proque iste questiones non es competentia del monarcha,{{sfn|Belda|1979|pp=492-493}} e resulta inacceptabile pro un catholico le promissa de fidelitate religiose a un rege schismatic e heretic.{{sfn|Belda|1979|pp=509}} Suárez considera que un juramento non pote esser un «vinculo de injustitia» e que, in tal caso, le juramento es nulle e non obliga a nemo.{{sfn|Font Oporto|2017|pp=69-70}} Quanto al licitate de rebellar se contra un tyranno, Suárez distingue inter le caso de un rege legitime qui guberna tyrannicamente e illo de un usurpator. Secundo Suárez, non es licite le [[tyrannicidio]] contra un rege legitime salvo in caso extreme de legitime defensa, durante que le usurpator, qui care de legitimitate de origine, pote esser deponite e mesmo occidite —si il non ha altere maniera de deponer le— per le communitate politic, per accordo del organos representative del societate estamental del [[Ancian Regimine]]. Suárez sustene que quando dispare le autoritate legitimemente constituite, le poter retorna al populo, qui conserva le poter de radice, ben que illo care del poter formal durante que existe un rege legitime.{{sfn|Belda|1979|p=496}} Nonobstante, Suárez considera que es un derecto le disobedientia civil contra le leges injuste ben que illos procede de un poter legitime, post que tal leges, al esser injuste, perde le rango de lege.{{sfn|Font Oporto|2017|p=65}} Pro Suárez, le principes heretic o pagan pote esser legitime, post que le poter politic corresponde al [[derecto natural]].{{sfn|Font Oporto|2017|p=66}} Nonobstante, on non debe obedir al poter in toto lo que va contra le mandatos del religion catholic.{{sfn|Font Oporto|2017|p=69}} Similemente, ille affirma expressemente que le communitate politic (res publica) christian «es obligate a repeller le governante pagan quando per ration de su poter on time moralmente le periculo del destruction del fide». Ora ben, «illo non debe facer lo con autoritate private, sed public, quando pro le resto le principe ha legitimemente derecto al regno». Suárez defende etiam le potestate papal pro discatenar le subditos de un principe christian del obedientia debite, quando dicte principes cade in heresia o apostasia.{{sfn|Font Oporto|2017|p=71}} Le theoria politic de Suárez contempla le disobedientia e le resistentia civil exercite in defensa del fide catholic, sed etiam in ordine al consecution del ben commun. {{Referentias}} [[Categoria:Schola de Salamanca]] [[Categoria:Professores del Universitate de Salamanca]] [[Categoria:Philosophos catholic]] [[Categoria:Nascite in Granada]] [[Categoria:Jesuitas de Espania]] [[Categoria:Juristas de Espania]] [[Categoria:Juristas de Granada]] [[Categoria:Theologos catholic]] [[Categoria:Theologos de Espania del seculo XVI]] [[Categoria:Theologos de Espania del seculo XVII]] [[Categoria:Philosophos de Espania del seculo XVI]] [[Categoria:Philosophos de Espania del seculo XVII]] [[Categoria:Humanistas de Espania del seculo XVI]] [[Categoria:Humanistas de Espania del seculo XVII]] [[Categoria:Professores del Universitate de Alcalá (historic)]] [[Categoria:Regno de Granada (Corona de Castilia)]] 0r6ae5j1yjrda1csqo4h6s3wkvm51jz Bergamo 0 60959 696258 2026-04-01T11:54:07Z OSkotsezos 59145 io creava lo 696258 wikitext text/x-wiki Bergamo (Italiano: Bergamo) es un citate del nord de Italia., in le region de Lombardia, con circa 120,000 habitantes<ref>ISTAT – Population residente de Bergamo https://www.istat.it</ref>, e capital del provincia de Bergamo. Le citate es situate circa 40 km al nord-est de Milano, al pede del Alpes Bergamasc, e es dividite inter le Città Alta historic e le Città Bassa moderne. hovsrqb4jbvkydhfqsnhrtpkme0njfs