Wikipedia ibawiki https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambar_Keterubah MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.4 first-letter Media Spesyel Randau Penggena Randau penggena Wikipedia Randau Wikipedia Fail Randau fail MediaWiki Randau MediaWiki Templat Randau templat Bantu Randau bantu Kategori Randau kategori TimedText TimedText talk Modul Randau modul Acara Perbincangan acara 0 1299 13015 13013 2025-06-12T15:11:39Z Song GK 9 Suntingan oleh [[Special:Contributions/49.228.50.133|49.228.50.133]] ([[User talk:49.228.50.133|perbincangan]]) dikembalikan kepada semakan terdahulu oleh [[User:JhsBot|JhsBot]] 8107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{About|negeri ba Amerika Serikat}} {{Infobox U.S. state | image_flag = Flag of California.svg | flag_alt = The flag shows a red stripe on the bottom in a white field, with a red star on the top left in the canton. In the center, a grizzly bear is on top of a mound of green grass on over the white field. Below it, text reads "CALIFORNIA REPUBLIC" in a Seal color. | name = California | image_seal = Seal of California.svg | flag_link = Flag of California | nickname = The Golden State<ref name="America's story California">{{Cite web |title=California |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/es/ca/es_ca_subj.html |access-date=July 3, 2020 |website=www.americaslibrary.gov}}</ref> | motto = "[[Eureka (word)#California|Eureka]]"<ref name="motto-symbols">{{Cite web |title=Chapter 2 of Division 2 of Title 1 of the California Government Code |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&division=2.&title=1.&part=&chapter=2.&article= |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref> | anthem = "[[I Love You, California]]"{{Break}}{{Center|[[Fail:"I Love You, California" - Regional anthem of California.ogg]]}} | image_map = California in United States.svg | OfficialLang = [[Templat:Official languages of U.S. states and territories|English]] | Languages = * [[California English|English]] only: 56.1% * [[Spanish language in California|Spanish]]: 28.3% * [[Languages of California|Others]]: 15.6%<ref name="Language">{{Cite web|title=Languages Spoken at Home|url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?text=Language&t=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home&g=0400000US06&y=2020&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1601|access-date=June 5, 2022|publisher= United States Census Bureau}}</ref> | population_demonym = Californian<br />[[Californio]] (archaic Spanish)<br />Californiano (Spanish) | LargestCity = [[Los Angeles]] | seat = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] | LargestMetro = [[Greater Los Angeles]] | area_rank = 3rd | area_total_sq_mi = 163,696 | area_total_km2 = 423,970 | width_mi = 250 | width_km = 400 | length_mi = 760 | length_km = 1,220 | area_water_percent = 4.7 | Latitude = 32°32′ N to 42° N | Longitude = 114°8′ W to 124°26′ W | population_rank = 1st | population_as_of = 2023 | 2010Pop = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 38,940,231<ref name=CaliforniaDecline2023/> | MedianHouseholdIncome = ${{Round|78672|-2}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Median Annual Household Income |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA,US/PST045218 |access-date=January 29, 2020 |website=The US Census Bureau}}</ref> | 2000DensityUS = 251.3 | 2000Density = 97 | population_density_rank = 11th | IncomeRank = [[List of U.S. states and territories by income#States and territories ranked by median household income|5th]] | elevation_max_point = [[Mount Whitney]]<ref name=Mount_Whitney/><ref name=USGS/>{{Refn|group=note|name=NAVD88}}{{Refn|group=note|The summit of [[Mount Whitney]] is the highest point in the [[Contiguous United States]].}} | elevation_max_ft = 14,505 | elevation_max_m = 4,421.0 | elevation_ft = 2,900 | elevation_m = 880 | elevation_min_point = [[Badwater Basin]]<ref name="NED">{{Cite web |date=September 21, 2015 |title=USGS National Elevation Dataset (NED) 1 meter Downloadable Data Collection from The National Map 3D Elevation Program (3DEP)—National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) National Elevation Data Set (NED) |url=https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/usgs-national-elevation-dataset-ned-1-meter-downloadable-data-collection-from-the-national-map- |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325085854/https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/usgs-national-elevation-dataset-ned-1-meter-downloadable-data-collection-from-the-national-map- |archive-date=March 25, 2019 |access-date=September 22, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]}}</ref> | elevation_min_m = −85.0 | elevation_min_ft = −279 | Former = [[Mexican Cession]] [[Interim government of California|unorganized territory]] | AdmittanceDate = [[An Act for the Admission of the State of California|{{Start date and age|1850|09|09}}]] | AdmittanceOrder = 31st | Governor = {{Nowrap|[[Gavin Newsom]] ([[California Democratic Party|D]])}} | Lieutenant Governor = {{Nowrap|[[Eleni Kounalakis]] (D)}} | Legislature = [[California State Legislature|State Legislature]] | Upperhouse = [[California State Senate|State Senate]] | Lowerhouse = [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]] | Judiciary = [[Supreme Court of California]] | Senators = [[Alex Padilla]] (D) <br /> [[Laphonza Butler]] (D) | Representative = {{Plainlist| * 40 [[California Democratic Party|Democrats]] * 12 [[California Republican Party|Republicans]] }} | timezone1 = [[Pacific Standard Time|PST]] | utc_offset1 = −08:00 | timezone1_DST = [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = −07:00 | iso_code = US-CA | postal_code = CA | TradAbbreviation = Calif., Cal., Cali. | website = https://ca.gov | area_land_km2 = 403,932 | area_land_sq_mi = 155,959 | area_water_km2 = 20,047 | area_water_sq_mi = 7,737 | Capital = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] | Representatives = }} {{Infobox region symbols|country=United States <!--before modifying these state symbols please verify your changes against official California Government Code sections 420-429.8, http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=00001-01000&file=420-429.8--> | state = California | image_flag = Flag of California.svg | image_seal = File:Seal of California.svg | mammal = {{Ubl | '''Land:''' [[California grizzly bear]] (state animal)<ref name="motto-symbols" /> | '''Marine:''' [[Gray whale]] }} | amphibian = [[California red-legged frog]] | bird = [[California quail]] | colors = [[Blue]] & [[Gold (color)|Gold]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Government Code § 424 |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=424. |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref>{{Force plural}} | dance = [[West Coast Swing]] | fish = {{Ubl | '''Fresh water:''' [[Golden trout]] | '''Marine:''' [[Garibaldi (fish)|Garibaldi]] }} | flower = [[Eschscholzia californica|California poppy]] | folk_dance = [[Square dance]] | fossil = [[Smilodon|Sabre-toothed cat]] | gemstone = [[Benitoite]] | grass = [[Nassella pulchra|Purple needlegrass]] | insect = [[Zerene eurydice|California dogface butterfly]] | mineral = [[Gold|Native gold]] | image_quarter = 2005 CA Proof.png | quarter_release_date = 2005 | reptile = [[Desert tortoise]] | tree = [[Sequoia sempervirens|Coast redwood]] & [[Sequoiadendron giganteum|giant sequoia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Government Code § 422 |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=422. |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref> | rock = [[Serpentine group|Serpentine]] | soil = [[San Joaquin (soil)|San Joaquin]] | sport = [[Surfing]] | tartan = [[California state tartan]] | image_route = California 1.svg | butterfly = | fruit = [[Avocado]] | vegetable = [[Artichoke]] | dinosaur = [[Augustynolophus]] | color = [[Blue]] & [[Gold]] | ship = [[Californian (schooner)|''Californian'']] | mushroom = [[Cantharellus californicus|California Golden Chanterelle]] }} '''California''' nya sebengkah nengeri ba Barat Amerika Serikat, ti bepalan ba Pantai Pasifik Amerika. Iya besempadan enggau [[Oregon]] ba utara, [[Nevada]] enggau [[Arizona]] ba timur, lalu garis entara menua entarabansa enggau nengeri [[Mexico]] iya nya Baja California ba selatan. Enggau penyampau tubuh 39{{Spaces}}juta iku<ref name=CaliforniaDecline2023 /> ba pemesai 163,696 batu persegi (423,970 km²),<ref name="2022 World Population by Country">{{Cite web | title=United States by Area | website=2022 World Population by Country | url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/states-by-area | access-date=December 17, 2022}}</ref> iya nya nengeri A.S ke pemadu mayuh mensia, ketiga pemadu besai nitihka pemesai, sereta entiti subnasional ke pemadu mayuh mensia di Amerika Utara. Kandang menua Greater Los Angeles enggau San Francisco Bay nyadi kandang mengeri kedua enggau kelima pemadu mayuh mensia di menua nya, enggau 19 juta enggau 10 juta iku peranak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=American FactFinder—Results |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124024658/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |access-date=October 24, 2017 |website=factfinder.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> [[Los Angeles]] nyadi mengeri ke pemadu mayuh mensia di nengeri tu sereta kedua pemadu mayuh mensia di menua tu, pengudah New York. Indu nengeri California, Sacramento, bepalan ba Lembah Tengah. == Penerang == fhkcq57ar95ynaucwyjsyilkcbm1531 13016 13015 2025-06-12T15:12:02Z Song GK 9 /* Penerang */ 13016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{About|negeri ba Amerika Serikat}} {{Infobox U.S. state | image_flag = Flag of California.svg | flag_alt = The flag shows a red stripe on the bottom in a white field, with a red star on the top left in the canton. In the center, a grizzly bear is on top of a mound of green grass on over the white field. Below it, text reads "CALIFORNIA REPUBLIC" in a Seal color. | name = California | image_seal = Seal of California.svg | flag_link = Flag of California | nickname = The Golden State<ref name="America's story California">{{Cite web |title=California |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/es/ca/es_ca_subj.html |access-date=July 3, 2020 |website=www.americaslibrary.gov}}</ref> | motto = "[[Eureka (word)#California|Eureka]]"<ref name="motto-symbols">{{Cite web |title=Chapter 2 of Division 2 of Title 1 of the California Government Code |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&division=2.&title=1.&part=&chapter=2.&article= |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref> | anthem = "[[I Love You, California]]"{{Break}}{{Center|[[Fail:"I Love You, California" - Regional anthem of California.ogg]]}} | image_map = California in United States.svg | OfficialLang = [[Templat:Official languages of U.S. states and territories|English]] | Languages = * [[California English|English]] only: 56.1% * [[Spanish language in California|Spanish]]: 28.3% * [[Languages of California|Others]]: 15.6%<ref name="Language">{{Cite web|title=Languages Spoken at Home|url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?text=Language&t=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home&g=0400000US06&y=2020&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1601|access-date=June 5, 2022|publisher= United States Census Bureau}}</ref> | population_demonym = Californian<br />[[Californio]] (archaic Spanish)<br />Californiano (Spanish) | LargestCity = [[Los Angeles]] | seat = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] | LargestMetro = [[Greater Los Angeles]] | area_rank = 3rd | area_total_sq_mi = 163,696 | area_total_km2 = 423,970 | width_mi = 250 | width_km = 400 | length_mi = 760 | length_km = 1,220 | area_water_percent = 4.7 | Latitude = 32°32′ N to 42° N | Longitude = 114°8′ W to 124°26′ W | population_rank = 1st | population_as_of = 2023 | 2010Pop = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 38,940,231<ref name=CaliforniaDecline2023/> | MedianHouseholdIncome = ${{Round|78672|-2}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Median Annual Household Income |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA,US/PST045218 |access-date=January 29, 2020 |website=The US Census Bureau}}</ref> | 2000DensityUS = 251.3 | 2000Density = 97 | population_density_rank = 11th | IncomeRank = [[List of U.S. states and territories by income#States and territories ranked by median household income|5th]] | elevation_max_point = [[Mount Whitney]]<ref name=Mount_Whitney/><ref name=USGS/>{{Refn|group=note|name=NAVD88}}{{Refn|group=note|The summit of [[Mount Whitney]] is the highest point in the [[Contiguous United States]].}} | elevation_max_ft = 14,505 | elevation_max_m = 4,421.0 | elevation_ft = 2,900 | elevation_m = 880 | elevation_min_point = [[Badwater Basin]]<ref name="NED">{{Cite web |date=September 21, 2015 |title=USGS National Elevation Dataset (NED) 1 meter Downloadable Data Collection from The National Map 3D Elevation Program (3DEP)—National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) National Elevation Data Set (NED) |url=https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/usgs-national-elevation-dataset-ned-1-meter-downloadable-data-collection-from-the-national-map- |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325085854/https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/usgs-national-elevation-dataset-ned-1-meter-downloadable-data-collection-from-the-national-map- |archive-date=March 25, 2019 |access-date=September 22, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]}}</ref> | elevation_min_m = −85.0 | elevation_min_ft = −279 | Former = [[Mexican Cession]] [[Interim government of California|unorganized territory]] | AdmittanceDate = [[An Act for the Admission of the State of California|{{Start date and age|1850|09|09}}]] | AdmittanceOrder = 31st | Governor = {{Nowrap|[[Gavin Newsom]] ([[California Democratic Party|D]])}} | Lieutenant Governor = {{Nowrap|[[Eleni Kounalakis]] (D)}} | Legislature = [[California State Legislature|State Legislature]] | Upperhouse = [[California State Senate|State Senate]] | Lowerhouse = [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]] | Judiciary = [[Supreme Court of California]] | Senators = [[Alex Padilla]] (D) <br /> [[Laphonza Butler]] (D) | Representative = {{Plainlist| * 40 [[California Democratic Party|Democrats]] * 12 [[California Republican Party|Republicans]] }} | timezone1 = [[Pacific Standard Time|PST]] | utc_offset1 = −08:00 | timezone1_DST = [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = −07:00 | iso_code = US-CA | postal_code = CA | TradAbbreviation = Calif., Cal., Cali. | website = https://ca.gov | area_land_km2 = 403,932 | area_land_sq_mi = 155,959 | area_water_km2 = 20,047 | area_water_sq_mi = 7,737 | Capital = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] | Representatives = }} {{Infobox region symbols|country=United States <!--before modifying these state symbols please verify your changes against official California Government Code sections 420-429.8, http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=00001-01000&file=420-429.8--> | state = California | image_flag = Flag of California.svg | image_seal = File:Seal of California.svg | mammal = {{Ubl | '''Land:''' [[California grizzly bear]] (state animal)<ref name="motto-symbols" /> | '''Marine:''' [[Gray whale]] }} | amphibian = [[California red-legged frog]] | bird = [[California quail]] | colors = [[Blue]] & [[Gold (color)|Gold]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Government Code § 424 |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=424. |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref>{{Force plural}} | dance = [[West Coast Swing]] | fish = {{Ubl | '''Fresh water:''' [[Golden trout]] | '''Marine:''' [[Garibaldi (fish)|Garibaldi]] }} | flower = [[Eschscholzia californica|California poppy]] | folk_dance = [[Square dance]] | fossil = [[Smilodon|Sabre-toothed cat]] | gemstone = [[Benitoite]] | grass = [[Nassella pulchra|Purple needlegrass]] | insect = [[Zerene eurydice|California dogface butterfly]] | mineral = [[Gold|Native gold]] | image_quarter = 2005 CA Proof.png | quarter_release_date = 2005 | reptile = [[Desert tortoise]] | tree = [[Sequoia sempervirens|Coast redwood]] & [[Sequoiadendron giganteum|giant sequoia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Government Code § 422 |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=422. |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref> | rock = [[Serpentine group|Serpentine]] | soil = [[San Joaquin (soil)|San Joaquin]] | sport = [[Surfing]] | tartan = [[California state tartan]] | image_route = California 1.svg | butterfly = | fruit = [[Avocado]] | vegetable = [[Artichoke]] | dinosaur = [[Augustynolophus]] | color = [[Blue]] & [[Gold]] | ship = [[Californian (schooner)|''Californian'']] | mushroom = [[Cantharellus californicus|California Golden Chanterelle]] }} '''California''' nya sebengkah nengeri ba Barat Amerika Serikat, ti bepalan ba Pantai Pasifik Amerika. Iya besempadan enggau [[Oregon]] ba utara, [[Nevada]] enggau [[Arizona]] ba timur, lalu garis entara menua entarabansa enggau nengeri [[Mexico]] iya nya Baja California ba selatan. Enggau penyampau tubuh 39{{Spaces}}juta iku<ref name=CaliforniaDecline2023 /> ba pemesai 163,696 batu persegi (423,970 km²),<ref name="2022 World Population by Country">{{Cite web | title=United States by Area | website=2022 World Population by Country | url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/states-by-area | access-date=December 17, 2022}}</ref> iya nya nengeri A.S ke pemadu mayuh mensia, ketiga pemadu besai nitihka pemesai, sereta entiti subnasional ke pemadu mayuh mensia di Amerika Utara. Kandang menua Greater Los Angeles enggau San Francisco Bay nyadi kandang mengeri kedua enggau kelima pemadu mayuh mensia di menua nya, enggau 19 juta enggau 10 juta iku peranak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=American FactFinder—Results |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124024658/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |access-date=October 24, 2017 |website=factfinder.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> [[Los Angeles]] nyadi mengeri ke pemadu mayuh mensia di nengeri tu sereta kedua pemadu mayuh mensia di menua tu, pengudah New York. Indu nengeri California, Sacramento, bepalan ba Lembah Tengah. == Penyanding == 7ijnx9j6msg0tyjlfm7ub4pnv1ovye9 0 1491 13027 11694 2025-06-13T11:02:46Z Song GK 9 13027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox language | name = Jaku Afrikaans | pronunciation = {{IPA|af|afriˈkɑːns|}} | region = Selatan Afrika | states = {{Plainlist| * South Africa * Namibia * Botswana * Zambia * Zimbabwe }} | speakers = 7.2&nbsp;juta (2016)<br />10.3&nbsp;juta Pejaku kedua ba Afrika Selatan | date = 2011 | ref = e19 | ethnicity =[[Afrikaner]]<br>[[Baster]]<br>[[Cape Coloureds]]<br>[[Cape Malays]]<br>[[Griqua people|Griqua]]<br>[[Oorlam people|Oorlams]] | speakers2 = | familycolor = Indo-Eropah | fam2 = [[Jaku-jaku Jeremanik|Jeremanik]] | fam3 = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]] | fam4 = [[Weser–Rhine Germanic]] | fam5 = [[Low Franconian languages|Low Franconian]] | fam6 = [[Jaku Belanda|Belanda]] | fam7 = [[Central Dutch dialects|Central Dutch]] | fam8 = [[Hollandic dialect|Hollandic]] | ancestor = [[Frankish language|Frankish]] | ancestor2 = [[Old Dutch language|Old Dutch]] | ancestor3 = [[Middle Dutch]] | ancestor4 = [[Modern Dutch]] | script = Latin script (Afrikaans alphabet), [[Arabic Afrikaans|Arabic script]] | sign = [[Signed Afrikaans]]<ref>Aarons & Reynolds, "South African Sign Language" in Monaghan (ed.), ''Many Ways to be Deaf: International Variation in Deaf Communities'' (2003).</ref> | nation = {{Flagu|South Africa}} | agency = [[Die Taalkommissie]] | minority = {{Flagu|Namibia}} | iso1 = af | iso2 = afr | iso3 = afr | glotto = afri1274 | glottorefname = Afrikaans | lingua = 52-ACB-ba | map = Idioma afrikáans.png | mapcaption = {{Legend|#0081ff|&nbsp;spoken by a majority}}{{Legend|#89c6ff|&nbsp;spoken by a minority}} | notice = IPA | dia1 = [[Kaaps]] | dia2 = [[Boeraans]] | dia3 = [[Afrikaans (Eastern Cape dialect)|Eastern Cape]] | dia4 = [[Afrikaans (Northern Cape dialect)|Northern Cape]] | dia5 = [[Patagonian Afrikaans|Patagonian]] }} [[Fail:Colin speaks Afrikaans.webm|thumb|Colin bejaku Afrikaans]] [[Fail:WIKITONGUES- Alaric speaking Afrikaans.webm|thumb|Alaric bejaku Afrikaans]] [[Fail:WIKITONGUES- Roussow speaking Afrikaans.webm|thumb|Rossouw bejaku Afrikaans]] '''Jaku Afrikaans''' nya sebengkah [[Jaku-jaku Jeremanik Barat|jaku Jeremanik Barat]], dikena ba [[Afrika Selatan]], [[Namibia]] enggau (ngagai tikas ke mit agi) [[Botswana]], [[Zambia]] enggau [[Zimbabwe]]. Iya berevolusyen ari jaku vernakular Belanda <ref>K. Pithouse, C. Mitchell, R. Moletsane, Making Connections: Self-Study & Social Action, p.91</ref><ref name=Heese1971>{{Cite book |publisher=A. A. Balkema |publication-place=Cape Town |title=Die herkoms van die Afrikaner, 1657–1867 |ol=5361614M |author=J. A. Heese |publication-date=1971 |oclc=1821706 |language=Afrikaans |trans-title=The origin of the Afrikaner }}</ref> Holland Selatan (dialek Hollandik)<ref>[http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/kloe004herk01_01/kloe004herk01_01.pdf Herkomst en groei van het Afrikaans – G.G. Kloeke (1950)]</ref><ref name="Heeringade Wet2015">{{Cite journal|last1=Heeringa|first1=Wilbert|last2=de Wet|first2=Febe|last3=van Huyssteen|first3=Gerhard B.|title=The origin of Afrikaans pronunciation: a comparison to west Germanic languages and Dutch dialects|journal=Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus|volume=47|year=2015|issn=2224-3380|doi=10.5842/47-0-649}}</ref> dikena orang bebansa Belanda ke diau mendam sereta nyadi ulun Koloni Ujut Belanda, ke alai iya berinsur berengkah ngembuan tukuh ke nyelai ba abad ketujuh belas enggau kelapan belas.<ref name="coetzee">{{Cite book |url=http://www.dbnl.org/arch/coet003stan01_01/pag/coet003stan01_01.pdf |title=Standaard Afrikaans |accessdate=2014-09-17 |author=Abel Coetzee |publisher=Afrikaner Pers |year=1948 }}</ref> == Penyanding == 8lfwaw9p9v7gljmwgfr58infoc41kty 0 1760 13028 8412 2025-06-13T11:03:43Z Song GK 9 13028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Melaka | official_name = Melaka Negeri Bersejarah | translit_lang1 = Other | translit_lang1_type1 = [[Malay language|Malay]] | translit_lang1_info1 = {{Lang|ms|Melaka}} {{Font|size=70%|([[Malay alphabet|Rumi]])}}<br />{{Lang|ms-Arab|{{Script|Arab|ملاک}}}} {{Font|size=70%|([[Jawi alphabet|Jawi]])}} | translit_lang1_type2 = [[Chinese language|Chinese]] | translit_lang1_info2 = {{Lang|zh-hans|马六甲}} {{Font|size=70%|([[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]])}}<br />{{Lang|zh-hant|馬六甲}} {{Font|size=70%|([[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional]])}} | translit_lang1_type3 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] | translit_lang1_info3 = {{Lang|ta|மலாக்கா}}<br />{{Lang|ta-latn|Malākkā}} {{Font|size=70%|([[ISO 15919|Transliteration]])}} | settlement_type = [[States and federal territories of Malaysia|State]] | image_flag = Flag of Malacca.svg | flag_size = | flag_alt = | image_shield = Coat of arms of Malacca.svg | shield_alt = | nickname = {{Lang|ms|Negeri Bersejarah}}<br>{{Small|The Historic State}} | motto = {{Lang|ms|Bersatu Teguh}}<br />{{Small|Firmly United}} | anthem = "[[Melaka Maju Jaya]]"{{Center|{{Small|"Malacca, Onwards Come!"}}}}{{Center|[[Fail:Lagu Rasmi Melaka - Melaka Maju Jaya.ogg]]}} | coordinates = {{Coord|2|12|N|102|15|E|region:MY-04_adm1st|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references; use <ref> tags --> | image_map = Malacca in Malaysia.svg | mapsize = | map_alt = Map showing the location of the state of Malacca within Malaysia | map_caption = {{Legend inline|#C41E3A|outline=silver}} '''Malacca''' in {{Legend inline|#FDF9D2|outline=silver}} '''[[Malaysia]]''' | subdivision_type = [[Country]] | subdivision_name = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Malaysia.svg|size=35px}} [[Malaysia]] | seat_type = [[List of capitals in Malaysia|Capital]]<br>{{Nobold|(and largest city) }} | seat = [[Malacca City]]{{Ref|cap|[a]}} | parts_type = Royal capital | parts_style = list | p1 = | government_type = [[Parliamentary system|Parliamentary]] | leader_title = [[List of Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca|Yang di-Pertua Negeri]] | leader_name = [[Mohd Ali Rustam]] | leader_title1 = [[Chief Minister of Malacca|Chief Minister]] | leader_name1 = [[Ab Rauf Yusoh]] <br> ([[Barisan Nasional|BN]]–[[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]]) | area_total_km2 = 1664 | area_water_km2 = | elevation_max_m = 512 | elevation_max_point = Bukit Gapis | area_footnotes = <ref name="Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010">{{Cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |title=Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010 |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=27 |access-date=24 January 2011 |archive-date=8 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708202650/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_demonym = Malaccan | population_total = 1,027,500 | population_as_of = 2023 | population_density_km2 = manual | population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Anggaran penduduk semasa |trans-title=Current population estimates |date=2023 |url=https://www.melaka.gov.my/ms/koleksi-media/penerbitan/polisi-prosedur-pelan/lampiran-ppp-penerbitan/anggaran_penduduk_semasa_malaysia_2023.pdf |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia [Department of Statistics Malaysia]}}</ref> | demographics_type1 = [[Human Development Index]] | demographics1_title1 = HDI (2022) | demographics1_info1 = 0.810&nbsp;(<span style="color:#090;">very high</span>) ([[List of Malaysian states by Human Development Index|8th]]) | demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references; use <ref> tags --> | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in Malaysia|Postal code]] | postal_code = 75xxx to 78xxx | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in Malaysia|Calling code]] | area_code = 06 | iso_code = MY-04 | registration_plate = [[Malaysian vehicle license plates|M]] | blank_name_sec2 = [[Malacca Sultanate]] | blank_info_sec2 = 15th century | blank1_name_sec2 = [[Capture of Malacca (1511)|Portuguese control]]<ref name="Headrick2010">{{Harvp|Headrick|2010|pages=63}}</ref> | blank1_info_sec2 = 24 August 1511 | blank2_name_sec2 = [[Dutch Malacca|Dutch control]]<ref name="arkib.gov.my">{{Cite web|url=http://hids.arkib.gov.my/peristiwa/-/asset_publisher/WAhqbCYR9ww2/content/melaka-jatuh-ke-tangan-belanda/pop_up?_101_INSTANCE_WAhqbCYR9ww2_viewMode=print|title=Melaka Jatuh Ke Tangan Belanda -|publisher=hids.arkib.gov.my |access-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815091128/http://hids.arkib.gov.my/peristiwa/-/asset_publisher/WAhqbCYR9ww2/content/melaka-jatuh-ke-tangan-belanda/pop_up?_101_INSTANCE_WAhqbCYR9ww2_viewMode=print|archive-date=15 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHRsCgAAQBAJ&q=melaka+ditawan+belanda+1641&pg=PA34 |title=Kerdipan Bintang Melayu Dilangit Turki |author=Mat Rofa Ismail<!--No last name, Malaysian name--> |date=2015 |publisher=Alaf 21 |via=Google Books|isbn=9789678604864 }}</ref> | blank2_info_sec2 = 14 January 1641 | blank3_name_sec2 = [[Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824|British control]]<ref name="arkib.gov.my"/><ref name="auto" /><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMrICgAAQBAJ&q=malacca+British+control+17+March+1824&pg=PA76 |title=China-ASEAN Relations: Economic and Legal Dimensions |publisher=World Scientific |year=2006 |editor-last=Wong |editor-first=John |location=Singapore |editor-last2=Zou |editor-first2=Keyuan |editor-last3=Zeng |editor-first3=Huaqun|isbn=9789814478618 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/5005d886-9c27-421e-a22d-44fb5965350c|title=Signing of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty (Treaty of London) of 1824 - Singapore History|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg}}</ref> | blank3_info_sec2 = 17 March 1824 | blank4_name_sec2 = [[Japanese occupation of Malaya|Japanese occupation]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2013-07-19_162143.html|title=Malayan Campaign - Infopedia|first=National Library Board|last=Singapore|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/428/2/BAB1.pdf |title=Info |publisher=studentsrepo.um.edu.my }}</ref> | blank4_info_sec2 = 11 January 1942 | blank5_name_sec2 = Accession into the [[Malayan Union]]<ref name="arkib.gov.my1">{{Cite web|url=http://hids.arkib.gov.my/peristiwa/-/asset_publisher/WAhqbCYR9ww2/content/penubuhan-malayan-union/pop_up?_101_INSTANCE_WAhqbCYR9ww2_viewMode=print|title=Penubuhan Malayan Union |website=hids.arkib.gov.my|access-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815131618/http://hids.arkib.gov.my/peristiwa/-/asset_publisher/WAhqbCYR9ww2/content/penubuhan-malayan-union/pop_up?_101_INSTANCE_WAhqbCYR9ww2_viewMode=print|archive-date=15 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> | blank5_info_sec2 = 1 April 1946 | blank6_name_sec2 = Accession into the [[Federation of Malaya]]<ref name="nlb.gov.sg">{{Cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/72e9ebe6-7a0f-4512-aa48-3da99d598525|title=Federation of Malaya is inaugurated - Singapore History|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg}}</ref> | blank6_info_sec2 = 1 February 1948 | blank7_name_sec2 = Independence as part of the Federation of Malaya<ref name="arkib.gov.my2">{{Cite web |url=http://www.arkib.gov.my/en/web/guest/pengisytiharan-kemerdekaan-tanah-melayu |title=Official Portal of Malaysia National Archives |publisher=Arkib.gov.my |access-date=2018-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818084219/http://www.arkib.gov.my/en/web/guest/pengisytiharan-kemerdekaan-tanah-melayu |archive-date=18 August 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | blank7_info_sec2 = 31 August 1957 | website = {{URL|http://www.melaka.gov.my}} | footnotes = {{Note|cap|[a]}}[[Ayer Keroh]], [[Hang Tuah Jaya]] is the state administrative centre and the seat of the Malacca state government ([[Malacca State Executive Council|executive branch]] & [[Malacca State Legislative Assembly|legislative branch]]). However, [[Malacca City]] remains the official capital of the Malacca state. | image_map1 = {{Hidden begin|title=OpenStreetMap|ta1=center}}{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=250|zoom=8}}{{Hidden end}} }} '''Melaka''' ([[Urup Jawi]]: ‏ملاک‎‎) nya siti negeri di Malaysia ke bepalan ba selatan [[Semenanjung Malaysia]] ngadap [[Selat Melaka]]. Negeri tu ngembuan adan enggau [[Negeri Sembilan]] di begian utara enggau barat, [[Johor]] ba begian selatan. Eksklaf Ujut Tuan mega ngadanka Negeri Sembilan ba begian utara. Indu nengeri iya [[Bandaraya Melaka]], yang diripih nyadu Palan Pesaka Dunya UNESCO ari 7 Julai 2008 == Penyanding == 7bfra1l5eo82e3x6ao2lxbndmlz7f8m 0 2875 13029 10402 2025-06-13T11:04:14Z Song GK 9 /* Malin */ 13029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox food | name = Enchalu | image = Cincalok, shallots, chilli.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Semangkuk enchalu | alternate_name = ''Chinchalok'', ''cencaluk'', ''cencalok'' | country = [[Malaysia]] | region = [[Melaka]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/30/dining/30chef.html|title = From Malaysia, a Pungent Ferment|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 30 August 2006|last1 = Clark|first1 = Melissa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/cincalok|title = Cincalok &#124; Traditional Dip from Malacca &#124; TasteAtlas}}</ref> | national_cuisine = [[Pemakai Brunei|Brunei]], [[Pemakai Indonesia|Indonesia]], [[Pemakai Malaysia|Malaysia]] enggau [[Pemakai Singapira|Singapore]] | creator = | course = Batang pemakai | type = | served = angat tauka suam | main_ingredient = Undang | variations = | calories = | other = }} '''Enchalu''' ({{langx|ms|cencaluk}}, [[Urup Jawi|Jawi]]: {{Script/Arabic|چنچالوق}}), nya siti pemakai bansa Melayu ti datai ari [[Melaka]], [[Malaysia]], suah diempa ukai mina bansa [[Melayu]], tang mega bansa [[Peranakan]] enggau [[Bansa Kristang|Kristang]]. Asal penatai pemakai tu ulih dipansik ngagai maya Portugis merintah Melaka suba. Pemakai tu digaga enggau penapai undang ti dikumbai ''udang geragau''. Asai enchalu masin, sereta suah dipantai enggau [[chabi]], [[bawang mirah]] enggau [[limau]]. Sir R. O. Winstedt udah nulis pasal "Cencaluk" ba [[Malaysia]] dalam bup iya "The Circumstances of Malay Life - 1909".<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=2cQcAAAAMAAJ&q=%22nasi+lemak%22 The Circumstances of Malay Life, Sir Richard Olof Winstedt, Richard Winstedt, Ams PressInc, 1909 - Social Science - 90 pages]</ref> Bansa undang ti dikena ngaga enhalu mina bisi maya satu-satu musin ba Pantai Klebang, Limbongan, Tanjung Kling enggau sekeda kandang menua pantai. Kemaya tu, dagang ngaga enchalu majak mayuh ba negeri Melaka. Perintah negeri kediri empu udah netapka sitak Aum Kunsil Negeri [[Sungai Udang]] nyadi kandang menua ngaga enchalu ba perambu 'Satu DUN Satu Produk'. Pemakai enchalu tu mega udah ngerembai ngagai [[Riau]] enggau [[Kalimantan Barat]] ba [[Indonesia]]. Pemakai tu sebaka enggau ''bagoong alamang'' ba Filipina sereta ''khoei chalu'' ({{langx|th|เคยฉลู}}) ba Thailand. ==Proses ngaga enchalu== Undang mit (''udang geragau'') dipegulai enggai asi enggau garam dalam nisbah ti sama. Pengudah utai-utai nya dipegulai, utai nya disimpan dalam siti benda dkeka ngasuh iya napai. Bisi mega orang ti ngaga enchalu nambah mayuh asi kena ngasuh enchalu nya nyamai agi. Lebuh produk ti udah tembu diperam dalam benda kacha ke ditutup, tekanan betugung dalam benda nya. Ketegal nya, orang bejimat maya muka enchalu nya tadi.<ref name=newyorktimes>{{cite news|last=Clark|first=Melissa|title='From Malaysia, a Pungent Ferment' - The Chef: Zak Pelaccio, New York Times Dining & Wine.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/30/dining/30chef.html|work=The New York Times|date=30 August 2006}}</ref> ==Penyanding== {{Reflist}} * [https://books.google.com/books?id=DQrjMRClls4C&dq=chinchalok&pg=PA98 Gateway to Peranakan Food Culture] Gek Suan Tan, Tan Gek Suan, Wing Fee. Asiapac Books Pte Ltd. {{ISBN|981-229-389-2}} lq8lp5qrb0myqu37f0y6p0dl17qx395 4 3828 13017 2025-06-12T15:20:10Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan ''''[[16 Jun]]''': '''[[Bloomsday]]''' di [[Dublin]], Ireland; '''[[Hari Anembiak]]''' di Afrika Selatan. <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:The Soviet Union 1963 CPA 2890 stamp (Second 'Team' Manned Space Flight. Portrait of Valentina Tereshkova).jpg|100x101px|Valentina Tereshkova]] </div> {{*mp}} [[632]] – Sepengudah siti siri konflik dalam, raja kepenudi [[Empayar Sasan]] di Iran, {{nowrap|'''[[Yazdegerd III]]'''}} mangku pengawa ny...' 13017 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[16 Jun]]''': '''[[Bloomsday]]''' di [[Dublin]], Ireland; '''[[Hari Anembiak]]''' di Afrika Selatan. <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:The Soviet Union 1963 CPA 2890 stamp (Second 'Team' Manned Space Flight. Portrait of Valentina Tereshkova).jpg|100x101px|Valentina Tereshkova]] </div> {{*mp}} [[632]] – Sepengudah siti siri konflik dalam, raja kepenudi [[Empayar Sasan]] di Iran, {{nowrap|'''[[Yazdegerd III]]'''}} mangku pengawa nyadi raja ba umur lapan taun. {{*mp}} [[1487]] – Bala Lancaster ngalahka York dalam '''[[Perang Stoke Field]]''', perang kepenudi [[Perang Bungai Ros]]. {{*mp}} [[1846]] – Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti dipilih nyadi '''[[Paus Pius IX|Pius IX]]''', ngepunka perintah [[Paus (Katolik)|paus]] ke pemadu lama sepengudah [[Sante Peter]]. {{*mp}} [[1963]] – Orang singkamiga ari [[Serakup Soviet|Soviet]] '''[[Valentina Tereshkova]]''' ''(gambar)'' nyadi indu keterubah ba [[singkamiga]]. {{*mp}} [[1976]] – [[Aparteid]]: Polis di [[Soweto]], Afrika Selatan '''[[Pengelaban di Soweto|nimbak tarak sekula]]''' ke mantah pemejal [[jaku Afrikaans]] nyadi [[jaku entara]]<!--di sekolah perbandaran-->, ngujungka [[pengelaban]] ba selampur menua. </li> Hari-hari sebedau: [[15 Jun]] &ndash; [[14 Jun]] &ndash; [[13 Jun]] {{SelAnnivFooter|Month=Jun}} <noinclude> </noinclude> mkxe8d782gimue4wsfmgkw5rpjgeupz 4 3829 13018 2025-06-12T15:33:11Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan ''''[[17 Jun]]''': '''[[Hari Meredeka]]''' di Iceland ([[1944]]) <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:Watergate complex.jpg|100x101px|Kompleks begunan Watergate]] </div> {{*mp}} [[1631]] – '''[[Mumtaz Mahal]]''' mati maya beranak, meri idea ngagai laki iya [[Empayar Mughal|Raja Besai Mughal]] [[Shah Jahan]] ngaga pendam [[Taj Mahal]]. {{*mp}} [[1775]] – [[Perang Revolusyen Amerika]]: Bala soldadu [[Perintah Great Britain|British]] '''[...' 13018 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[17 Jun]]''': '''[[Hari Meredeka]]''' di Iceland ([[1944]]) <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:Watergate complex.jpg|100x101px|Kompleks begunan Watergate]] </div> {{*mp}} [[1631]] – '''[[Mumtaz Mahal]]''' mati maya beranak, meri idea ngagai laki iya [[Empayar Mughal|Raja Besai Mughal]] [[Shah Jahan]] ngaga pendam [[Taj Mahal]]. {{*mp}} [[1775]] – [[Perang Revolusyen Amerika]]: Bala soldadu [[Perintah Great Britain|British]] '''[[Perang Bukit Bunker|ngalahka Bukit Bunker]]''' ba luar [[Boston]], Massachusetts. {{*mp}} [[1789]] – [[Revolusyen Peranchis]]: Bala pengari raban '''[[Derajat-derajat gerempung Eropah lama#Di Perancis|Derajat Ketiga]]''' Peranchis muka [[Aum Nasional (Revolusyen Perancis)|Aum Nasional]]. {{*mp}} [[1985]] – Ba [[Pulai mansang singkamiga Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']], '''[[Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Abdurahman al-Saud|Sultan bin Salman al-Saud]]''' nyadi orang singkamiga Arab, Muslim enggau ruai bilik raja keterubah terebai ngagai singkamiga. {{*mp}} [[1972]] – '''[[Skandal Watergate]]''': Lima laki ditangkap enchuri ari opis Komiti Nasional Demokrat di [[Kompleks Watergate]] ''(gambar)'' ba [[Washington, D.C.]] </li> Hari-hari sebedau: [[16 Jun]] &ndash; [[15 Jun]] &ndash; [[14 Jun]] {{SelAnnivFooter|Month=Jun}} <noinclude> </noinclude> 7hb9k4ybtxohnigh9gs7fg1256z5935 4 3830 13019 2025-06-12T15:39:47Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan ''''[[18 Jun]]''': <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:F-117 Nighthawk Front.jpg|100x101px|Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk]] </div> {{*mp}} [[618]] – Lǐ Yuān nyadi '''[[Raja Besai Gaozu]]''', ngepunka pemerintah [[Dinasti Tang]] di [[China]]. {{*mp}} [[1815]] – [[Seratus Hari]]: [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] dialahka dalam '''[[Perang Waterloo]]''' di Belgium kemaya tu, perang iya kepenudi. {{*mp}} [[1858]] – [[Charles Darwin]] nerima manuskrip...' 13019 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[18 Jun]]''': <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:F-117 Nighthawk Front.jpg|100x101px|Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk]] </div> {{*mp}} [[618]] – Lǐ Yuān nyadi '''[[Raja Besai Gaozu]]''', ngepunka pemerintah [[Dinasti Tang]] di [[China]]. {{*mp}} [[1815]] – [[Seratus Hari]]: [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] dialahka dalam '''[[Perang Waterloo]]''' di Belgium kemaya tu, perang iya kepenudi. {{*mp}} [[1858]] – [[Charles Darwin]] nerima manuskrip '''[[Alfred Russel Wallace]]''' pasal [[pemilih natural]], ngasuh iya [[penumbuh teori Darwin|numbuhka teori iya]] pasal [[evolusyen]]. {{*mp}} [[1979]] – Sempekat '''[[Randau Nyekat Senyata Strategik#SALT II|SALT II]]''' digaga Amerika Serikat enggau Serakup Soviet, nyekat penyampau simpan senyata nuklear. {{*mp}} [[1981]] – '''[[F-117 Nighthawk|Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk]]''' ''(gambar)'', bilun beroperasyen keterubah ti digaga desain bepelasarka [[teknologi enda bepeda]], ngepunka penerebai keterubah iya. </li> Hari-hari sebedau: [[17 Jun]] &ndash; [[16 Jun]] &ndash; [[15 Jun]] {{SelAnnivFooter|Month=Jun}} <noinclude></noinclude> 9hn720e1h093930dgo2wbn0wf0rke6y 4 3831 13020 2025-06-12T15:44:59Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan ''''[[19 Jun]]''': <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:Maximilian I of Mexico portrait standing.jpg|100x101px|Raja Besai Maximilian I]]</div> {{*mp}} [[1846]] – Main '''[[besbol]]''' keterubah ngena atur moden dimain ba [[Hoboken, New Jersey|Hoboken]], [[New Jersey]], A.S. {{*mp}} [[1867]] – '''[[Maximilian I ari Mexico|Maximilian I]]''' ari [[Empayar Mexico#Empayar Mexico Kedua|Empayar Mexico Kedua]] ''(gambar)'' ukum mati|diukum...' 13020 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[19 Jun]]''': <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em"> [[Fail:Maximilian I of Mexico portrait standing.jpg|100x101px|Raja Besai Maximilian I]]</div> {{*mp}} [[1846]] – Main '''[[besbol]]''' keterubah ngena atur moden dimain ba [[Hoboken, New Jersey|Hoboken]], [[New Jersey]], A.S. {{*mp}} [[1867]] – '''[[Maximilian I ari Mexico|Maximilian I]]''' ari [[Empayar Mexico#Empayar Mexico Kedua|Empayar Mexico Kedua]] ''(gambar)'' [[ukum mati|diukum mati]] [[ukum mati nengah raban penimbak|raban penimbak]] di [[Santiago de Querétaro|Querétaro]]. {{*mp}} [[1961]] – '''[[Sejarah Kuwait|Kuwait]]''' [[pemantai meredeka|mantaika meredeka]] ari United Kingdom. {{*mp}} [[1978]] – '''''[[Garfield]]''''', gawa pelukis kartun [[Jim Davis (pelukis kartun)|Jim Davis]], ayan keterubah kali dalam [[kolum komik]] [[sindiket chelak|sindiket]]. {{*mp}} [[2005]] – Mina nam [[lumba auto|entukar lumba]] dalam '''[[Grand Prix Amerika Serikat 2005|Grand Prix Amerika Serikat]]''' di [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]], sepengudah penyeretai ke bukai ditarit baru ketegal isu pengelikun tayar [[Michelin]]. </li> Hari-hari sebedau: [[18 Jun]] &ndash; [[17 Jun]] &ndash; [[16 Jun]] {{SelAnnivFooter|Month=Jun}} <noinclude> </noinclude> 5uremwglv870h6rg2f6paxquqlggv0p 0 3832 13021 2025-06-13T01:28:21Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1295313151|Martin Luther]] " 13021 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Martin Luther''' OSA (10 November 1483<ref>Luther himself, however, believed that he had been born in 1484. {{Cite book |last=Hendrix |first=Scott H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NHKhCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA17 |title=Martin Luther: Visionary Reformer |date=2015 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |isbn=978-0-300-16669-9 |page=17 |access-date=12 November 2017}}</ref> – 18 Februari 1546) nya siku paderi Jerman, pakar teologi, pengarang, penulis lagu puji, profesor, enggau ex-friar Augustinian.<ref>Luther consistently referred to himself as a former monk. For example: "Thus formerly, when I was a monk, I used to hope that I would be able to pacify my conscience with the fastings, the [[praying]], and the vigils with which I used to afflict my body in a way to excite pity. But the more I sweat, the less quiet and peace I felt; for the true light had been removed from my eyes." Martin Luther, Lectures on Genesis: Chapters 45–50, ed. Jaroslav Jan Pelikan, Hilton C. Oswald, and Helmut T. Lehmann, vol. 8 ''Luther's Works''. (Saint Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1999), 5:326. </ref> Luther nyadi orang ti ngepunka Reformasyen Protestan, lalu pengarap teologi iya nyadika pelasar [[Lutheran|pengarap Lutheran]]. Iya dikumbai mayuh orang nyadi siku ari orang ti pemadu bepengaruh dalam sejarah Barat enggau Kristian.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hillerbrand|first=Hans J.|date=14 February 2024|title=Martin Luther|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-Luther|access-date=29 March 2024|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Nelson |first=Robert H. |title=Lutheranism and the Nordic Spirit of Social Democracy: A Different Protestant Ethic |publisher=Aarhus University Press |year=2017 |isbn=9788771844160 |page=64}}</ref> Diada ba Eisleben, Luther dichiri nyadi paderi dalam taun 1507. Iya datai nulak sekeda ajar enggau pengawa [[Gerija Katolik|Gerija Roman Katolik]] kemaya hari tu, kelebih agi penemu pasal indulgens enggau kuasa paus. Luther ngepunka debat entarabansa pasal pekara tu dalam chunto ''Sembilan Puluh Lima Tesis'' iya, ti dikarang iya dalam taun 1517. Ba taun 1520, Paus Leo X minta Luther ngelengka semua utai ke ditulis iya, lalu lebuh Luther enggai ngereja nya, iya dibuai ari gerija kena bulan Januari 1521. Udah nya ba taun nya mega, Raja Besai Rome Kudus Charles V ngutuk Luther nyadi orang ke ngereja penyalah ba Diet of Worms. Lebuh Luther mati dalam taun 1546, pemuai iya ari gerija ti digaga Leo X agi dikena. Luther ngajar, pengelurus ukai dibulih ari sebarang pengawa tauka niat tauka pemanah mensia; tang, iya diterima semina nyadika pemeri ti enda bebayar ari pengasih Allah Taala nengah pengarap orang ti arap ngagai Jesus Kristus. Iya ngumbai pengawa ti manah nya buah ti beguna ari pengarap ti idup, sebagi ari proses pengudus.<ref name="Schreiner2015">{{Cite book |last=Schreiner |first=Thomas R. |title=Faith Alone---The Doctrine of Justification: What the Reformers Taught...and Why It Still Matters |date=15 September 2015 |publisher=Zondervan Academic |isbn=978-0-310-51579-1 |page=40 |language=en |quote=Luther insists that good works cannot be understood as the cause or ground of justification. McGrath summarizes Luther's position, "works are a condition, but not a cause of salvation." The word "condition" is acceptable if one understands works as the fruit or evidence of justification.}}</ref><ref name="Laffin2016">{{Cite book |last=Laffin |first=Michael Richard |title=The Promise of Martin Luther's Political Theology: Freeing Luther from the Modern Political Narrative |date=20 October 2016 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-567-66990-2 |page=153 |language=en |quote=When Luther speaks of sanctification, he includes in this what has traditionally been referred to as the doctrine of the three estates. In sanctification our affections are conformed to Christ, and this formation occurs through suffering the divine activity in the estates of the ''ecclesia'', ''oeconomia'', and ''politia''. In sanctification our affections and perceptions are transformed so that we may come to recognize and explore the will of God. Herein lies a major, and often overlooked, part of the topography of Luther's theology that presses back against the oversimplistic reduction of his thought to "justification by faith alone." Rather, in the estates we see that sanctification plays a significant role in the overall grammar of Luther's theology. As Bernd Wannenwetsch argues, "Sanctification for Luther is not just a matter of faith, but a matter of faith ''and'' created orders, or more precisely of ''faith that is exercised in love within the divinely assigned spheres of social life'', politics, economics and religion (cf. WA16: 'in talibus ordinationibus exercere ceritatem')."}}</ref> Teologi Luther nyakal kuasa enggau pengawa paus enggau bishop enggau ngajar [[Bup Kudus]] aja pun penemu ti dipadahka Petara pasal Injil,<ref>Ewald M. Plass, ''What Luther Says'', 3 vols., (St. Louis: CPH, 1959), 88, no. 269; M. Reu, ''Luther and the Scriptures'', (Columbus, Ohio: Wartburg Press, 1944), 23. </ref> lalu mantah sacerdotalisme enggau ngumbai semua orang Kristian ti udah dibaptisa nyadi imam ti kudus.<ref>Luther, Martin. ''Concerning the Ministry'' (1523), tr. Conrad Bergendoff, in Bergendoff, Conrad (ed.) ''Luther's Works''. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1958, 40:18 ff. </ref> Sida ke ngelala diri enggau utai tu, sereta mega ajar Luther ke besai agi, dikumbai orang Lutheran, taja pan Luther bebendar ngena nama Kristian tauka Evangelikal ([[Jaku Jereman|Jereman]] : ''evangelisch''), nyadika nama ke semina ulih diterima ungkup individu ke ngaku arapka Kristus. Pengawa Luther nyalin Bup Kudus ari jaku Latin ngagai [[jaku Jereman]] ngasuh Bup Kudus jauh mudah agi ditemu orang, lalu tu meri empas ti besai ngagai gerija enggau budaya Jereman. Iya nerenakka pemansang versyen standard [[jaku Jereman]], nambahka sekeda prinsip ngagai seni nyalin,<ref>Fahlbusch, Erwin and Bromiley, Geoffrey William. ''The Encyclopedia of Christianity''. Grand Rapids, MI: Leiden, Netherlands: Wm. B. Eerdmans; Brill, 1999–2003, 1:244. </ref> lalu nguing pengawa nulis salin jaku [[Jaku Inggeris|English]], Bup Kudus Tyndale.<ref name="Tyndale">''Tyndale's New Testament'', trans. from the Greek by William Tyndale in 1534 in a modern-spelling edition and with an introduction by David Daniell. New Haven, CT: [[Yale University]] Press, 1989, ix–x. </ref> Lagu puji iya ngasuh pengawa belagu ba gerija Protestan mansang.<ref name="Bainton269">[[Roland Bainton|Bainton, Roland]]. ''Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther''. New York: Penguin, 1995, 269. </ref> Tikah iya enggau Katharina von Bora, siku nan ke suba, nyadika teladan ngagai pengawa tikah paderi, ngemendarka paderi Protestan jadi melaki bini.<ref name="Bainton223">Bainton, Roland. ''Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther''. New York: Penguin, 1995, p. 223. </ref> Dalam dua iti bup iya ke udah nya, baka dalam bup ''On the Jews and Their Lies'', Luther mantaika penemu ti tegap ngelaban orang Judah, minta [[orang Judah]] dibuai sereta ditunu sinagog sida.<ref>Hendrix, Scott H. [http://www.luthersem.edu/word&world/Archives/3-4_Luther/3-4_Hendrix.pdf "The Controversial Luther"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302005613/http://www2.luthersem.edu/word%26world/Archives/3-4_Luther/3-4_Hendrix.pdf|date=2 March 2011}}, ''Word & World'' 3/4 (1983), Luther Seminary, St. Paul, MN. Also see Hillerbrand, Hans. [http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521816483_CCOL0521816483A018 "The legacy of Martin Luther"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716031045/http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521816483_CCOL0521816483A018|date=16 July 2011}}, in Hillerbrand, Hans & McKim, Donald K. (eds.) ''The Cambridge Companion to Luther''. Cambridge University Press, 2003. In 1523, Luther wrote that Jesus Christ was born a Jew which discouraged mistreatment of the Jews and advocated their conversion by proving that the [[Old Testament]] could be shown to speak of Jesus Christ. However, as the Reformation grew, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity, and in the years his health deteriorated he grew more acerbic toward the Jews, writing against them with the kind of venom he had already unleashed on the Anabaptists, [[Zwingli]], and the [[Reformation Papacy|pope]]. </ref> Pengawa tu mega dituju ngagai [[Gerija Katolik|orang Kristian Roman Katolik]], Anabaptis, enggau orang Kristian ke enda pechayaka Triniti.<ref>Schaff, Philip: ''History of the Christian Church, Vol. VIII: Modern Christianity: The Swiss Reformation'', William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan, US, 1910, page 706. </ref> Luther enda terus ngasuh orang Judah dibunuh;<ref>Martin Brecht, ''Martin Luther'' (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1985–1993), 3:336. </ref><ref>Luther's letter to Rabbi Josel as cited by Gordon Rupp, ''Martin Luther and the Jews'' (London: The Council of Christians and Jews, 1972), 14. According to {{Cite web}}, this paragraph is not available in the English edition of Luther's works. </ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sydow|first=Michael|date=1 December 1999|title=Journal of Theology: Martin Luther, Reformation Theologian and Educator|url=http://clclutheran.org/library/jtheo_arch/jtdec1999.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928132039/http://clclutheran.org/library/jtheo_arch/jtdec1999.pdf|archive-date=28 September 2007|access-date=17 May 2022}}</ref> taja pia, tebal agi bala pakar sejarah madahka retorik iya meransang antisemitisme di Jereman enggau penumbuh, beratus taun udah nya, Parti Nazi.<ref name="Wallman1">"The assertion that Luther's expressions of anti-Jewish sentiment have been of major and persistent influence in the centuries after the Reformation, and that there exists a continuity between Protestant [[anti-Judaism]] and modern racially oriented antisemitism, is at present wide-spread in the literature; since the Second World War it has understandably become the prevailing opinion." Johannes Wallmann, "The Reception of Luther's Writings on the Jews from the Reformation to the End of the 19th Century", ''[[Lutheran Quarterly]]'', n.s. 1 (Spring 1987) 1:72–97. </ref><ref>For similar views, see: </ref><ref name="Grunberger1971">[[Richard Grunberger|Grunberger, Richard]]. ''The 12-Year Reich: A Social History of Nazi Germany 1933–1945'' (NP:Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971), 465. </ref> a1ucqgpcxqwbjraxufjqiqy1jzdnbpa 13024 13021 2025-06-13T01:32:59Z Song GK 9 13024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox theologian | honorific_prefix = [[The Reverend]] | name = Martin Luther | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Order of St. Augustine|OSA]]|size=100%}} | image = Lucas Cranach d.Ä. - Martin Luther, 1528 (Veste Coburg).jpg | caption = ''Martin Luther'', 1528 | birth_name = Martin Luder | birth_date = 10 November 1483 | birth_place = [[Eisleben]], kaunti Mansfeld, Empayar Rome Kudus | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1546|02|18|1483|11|10}} | death_place = Eisleben, County of Mansfeld, Holy Roman Empire | education = [[University of Erfurt]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|''Artium Baccalaureus'']], 1502; [[Master of Arts|''Artium Magister'']], 1505)<br />[[University of Wittenberg]] ([[Bachelor of Theology|''Biblicus Baccalaureus'']] in [[Biblical Studies|Bible]], 1508; [[Bachelor of Theology|''Sententiarius Baccalaureus'']] in ''[[Sentences]]'', 1509; [[Doctor of Theology|''Theologiæ Doctor'']] in Bible, 1512) | titles = {{hlist| [[Priest]] | [[Theology|Theologian]] |Author | [[Hymnwriter]]}} | module2 = {{Ordination | embed = yes | name = Martin Luther | denomination = Catholic | ordained deacon by = Johannes (or Johann) Bonemilch von Laasphe, Auxiliary Bishop of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mainz|Metropolitan Archdiocese of Mainz]] | date of diaconal ordination = 27 February 1507 | place of diaconal ordination = [[Erfurt Cathedral|Cathedral Church of St. Mary]], [[Erfurt]], Holy Roman Empire | ordained priest by = Hieronymus (or Jerome) Schultz {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Premonstratensians|OPraem]]}}, Bishop of the [[Diocese of Brandenburg]] | date of priestly ordination = 3/4 April 1507 | place of priestly ordination = Cathedral Church of St. Mary, Erfurt, Holy Roman Empire | consecrated by = | co-consecrators = | date of consecration = | place of consecration = | elevated by = | date of elevation = | sources = | bishop 1 = | consecration date 1 = }} | spouse = {{marriage |[[Katharina von Bora]] |1525}} | children = {{hlist |Hans&nbsp;(Johannes) |[[Elisabeth Luther|Elisabeth]] |[[Magdalena Luther|Magdalena]] |Martin |[[Paul Luther|Paul]] |Margarethe}} | notable_works = {{ubl|''[[Ninety-five Theses]]'' (1517)}} | signature = Martin Luther Signature.svg | era = [[Renaissance]] | tradition_movement = {{Tree list}} * [[Reformasyen]] ** [[Lutheranisme]] {{tree list/end}} | main_interests = {{hlist | [[Christian theology#Prolegomena: Scripture as a primary basis of Christian theology|Prolegomena]] | [[Soteriology]]}} | notable_ideas = {{hlist | [[Law and Gospel]] | [[Sola fide]] | [[Theology of the Cross]] | [[Two kingdoms doctrine]]}} | module = {{Infobox religious biography|embed=yes | background = #F3E5AB | religion = [[Kristian]] | church = [[Protestan]] |denomination = [[Lutheran]]}} }} '''Martin Luther''' OSA (10 November 1483<ref>Luther himself, however, believed that he had been born in 1484. {{Cite book |last=Hendrix |first=Scott H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NHKhCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA17 |title=Martin Luther: Visionary Reformer |date=2015 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |isbn=978-0-300-16669-9 |page=17 |access-date=12 November 2017}}</ref> – 18 Februari 1546) nya siku paderi Jerman, pakar teologi, pengarang, penulis lagu puji, profesor, enggau ex-friar Augustinian.<ref>Luther consistently referred to himself as a former monk. For example: "Thus formerly, when I was a monk, I used to hope that I would be able to pacify my conscience with the fastings, the [[praying]], and the vigils with which I used to afflict my body in a way to excite pity. But the more I sweat, the less quiet and peace I felt; for the true light had been removed from my eyes." Martin Luther, Lectures on Genesis: Chapters 45–50, ed. Jaroslav Jan Pelikan, Hilton C. Oswald, and Helmut T. Lehmann, vol. 8 ''Luther's Works''. (Saint Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1999), 5:326. </ref> Luther nyadi orang ti ngepunka Reformasyen Protestan, lalu pengarap teologi iya nyadika pelasar [[Lutheran|pengarap Lutheran]]. Iya dikumbai mayuh orang nyadi siku ari orang ti pemadu bepengaruh dalam sejarah Barat enggau Kristian.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hillerbrand|first=Hans J.|date=14 February 2024|title=Martin Luther|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-Luther|access-date=29 March 2024|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Nelson |first=Robert H. |title=Lutheranism and the Nordic Spirit of Social Democracy: A Different Protestant Ethic |publisher=Aarhus University Press |year=2017 |isbn=9788771844160 |page=64}}</ref> Diada ba Eisleben, Luther dichiri nyadi paderi dalam taun 1507. Iya datai nulak sekeda ajar enggau pengawa [[Gerija Katolik|Gerija Roman Katolik]] kemaya hari tu, kelebih agi penemu pasal indulgens enggau kuasa paus. Luther ngepunka debat entarabansa pasal pekara tu dalam chunto ''Sembilan Puluh Lima Tesis'' iya, ti dikarang iya dalam taun 1517. Ba taun 1520, Paus Leo X minta Luther ngelengka semua utai ke ditulis iya, lalu lebuh Luther enggai ngereja nya, iya dibuai ari gerija kena bulan Januari 1521. Udah nya ba taun nya mega, Raja Besai Rome Kudus Charles V ngutuk Luther nyadi orang ke ngereja penyalah ba Diet of Worms. Lebuh Luther mati dalam taun 1546, pemuai iya ari gerija ti digaga Leo X agi dikena. Luther ngajar, pengelurus ukai dibulih ari sebarang pengawa tauka niat tauka pemanah mensia; tang, iya diterima semina nyadika pemeri ti enda bebayar ari pengasih Allah Taala nengah pengarap orang ti arap ngagai Jesus Kristus. Iya ngumbai pengawa ti manah nya buah ti beguna ari pengarap ti idup, sebagi ari proses pengudus.<ref name="Schreiner2015">{{Cite book |last=Schreiner |first=Thomas R. |title=Faith Alone---The Doctrine of Justification: What the Reformers Taught...and Why It Still Matters |date=15 September 2015 |publisher=Zondervan Academic |isbn=978-0-310-51579-1 |page=40 |language=en |quote=Luther insists that good works cannot be understood as the cause or ground of justification. McGrath summarizes Luther's position, "works are a condition, but not a cause of salvation." The word "condition" is acceptable if one understands works as the fruit or evidence of justification.}}</ref><ref name="Laffin2016">{{Cite book |last=Laffin |first=Michael Richard |title=The Promise of Martin Luther's Political Theology: Freeing Luther from the Modern Political Narrative |date=20 October 2016 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-567-66990-2 |page=153 |language=en |quote=When Luther speaks of sanctification, he includes in this what has traditionally been referred to as the doctrine of the three estates. In sanctification our affections are conformed to Christ, and this formation occurs through suffering the divine activity in the estates of the ''ecclesia'', ''oeconomia'', and ''politia''. In sanctification our affections and perceptions are transformed so that we may come to recognize and explore the will of God. Herein lies a major, and often overlooked, part of the topography of Luther's theology that presses back against the oversimplistic reduction of his thought to "justification by faith alone." Rather, in the estates we see that sanctification plays a significant role in the overall grammar of Luther's theology. As Bernd Wannenwetsch argues, "Sanctification for Luther is not just a matter of faith, but a matter of faith ''and'' created orders, or more precisely of ''faith that is exercised in love within the divinely assigned spheres of social life'', politics, economics and religion (cf. WA16: 'in talibus ordinationibus exercere ceritatem')."}}</ref> Teologi Luther nyakal kuasa enggau pengawa paus enggau bishop enggau ngajar [[Bup Kudus]] aja pun penemu ti dipadahka Petara pasal Injil,<ref>Ewald M. Plass, ''What Luther Says'', 3 vols., (St. Louis: CPH, 1959), 88, no. 269; M. Reu, ''Luther and the Scriptures'', (Columbus, Ohio: Wartburg Press, 1944), 23. </ref> lalu mantah sacerdotalisme enggau ngumbai semua orang Kristian ti udah dibaptisa nyadi imam ti kudus.<ref>Luther, Martin. ''Concerning the Ministry'' (1523), tr. Conrad Bergendoff, in Bergendoff, Conrad (ed.) ''Luther's Works''. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1958, 40:18 ff. </ref> Sida ke ngelala diri enggau utai tu, sereta mega ajar Luther ke besai agi, dikumbai orang Lutheran, taja pan Luther bebendar ngena nama Kristian tauka Evangelikal ([[Jaku Jereman|Jereman]] : ''evangelisch''), nyadika nama ke semina ulih diterima ungkup individu ke ngaku arapka Kristus. Pengawa Luther nyalin Bup Kudus ari jaku Latin ngagai [[jaku Jereman]] ngasuh Bup Kudus jauh mudah agi ditemu orang, lalu tu meri empas ti besai ngagai gerija enggau budaya Jereman. Iya nerenakka pemansang versyen standard [[jaku Jereman]], nambahka sekeda prinsip ngagai seni nyalin,<ref>Fahlbusch, Erwin and Bromiley, Geoffrey William. ''The Encyclopedia of Christianity''. Grand Rapids, MI: Leiden, Netherlands: Wm. B. Eerdmans; Brill, 1999–2003, 1:244. </ref> lalu nguing pengawa nulis salin jaku [[Jaku Inggeris|English]], Bup Kudus Tyndale.<ref name="Tyndale">''Tyndale's New Testament'', trans. from the Greek by William Tyndale in 1534 in a modern-spelling edition and with an introduction by David Daniell. New Haven, CT: [[Yale University]] Press, 1989, ix–x. </ref> Lagu puji iya ngasuh pengawa belagu ba gerija Protestan mansang.<ref name="Bainton269">[[Roland Bainton|Bainton, Roland]]. ''Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther''. New York: Penguin, 1995, 269. </ref> Tikah iya enggau Katharina von Bora, siku nan ke suba, nyadika teladan ngagai pengawa tikah paderi, ngemendarka paderi Protestan jadi melaki bini.<ref name="Bainton223">Bainton, Roland. ''Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther''. New York: Penguin, 1995, p. 223. </ref> Dalam dua iti bup iya ke udah nya, baka dalam bup ''On the Jews and Their Lies'', Luther mantaika penemu ti tegap ngelaban orang Judah, minta [[orang Judah]] dibuai sereta ditunu sinagog sida.<ref>Hendrix, Scott H. [http://www.luthersem.edu/word&world/Archives/3-4_Luther/3-4_Hendrix.pdf "The Controversial Luther"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302005613/http://www2.luthersem.edu/word%26world/Archives/3-4_Luther/3-4_Hendrix.pdf|date=2 March 2011}}, ''Word & World'' 3/4 (1983), Luther Seminary, St. Paul, MN. Also see Hillerbrand, Hans. [http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521816483_CCOL0521816483A018 "The legacy of Martin Luther"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716031045/http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol0521816483_CCOL0521816483A018|date=16 July 2011}}, in Hillerbrand, Hans & McKim, Donald K. (eds.) ''The Cambridge Companion to Luther''. Cambridge University Press, 2003. In 1523, Luther wrote that Jesus Christ was born a Jew which discouraged mistreatment of the Jews and advocated their conversion by proving that the [[Old Testament]] could be shown to speak of Jesus Christ. However, as the Reformation grew, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity, and in the years his health deteriorated he grew more acerbic toward the Jews, writing against them with the kind of venom he had already unleashed on the Anabaptists, [[Zwingli]], and the [[Reformation Papacy|pope]]. </ref> Pengawa tu mega dituju ngagai [[Gerija Katolik|orang Kristian Roman Katolik]], Anabaptis, enggau orang Kristian ke enda pechayaka Triniti.<ref>Schaff, Philip: ''History of the Christian Church, Vol. VIII: Modern Christianity: The Swiss Reformation'', William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan, US, 1910, page 706. </ref> Luther enda terus ngasuh orang Judah dibunuh;<ref>Martin Brecht, ''Martin Luther'' (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1985–1993), 3:336. </ref><ref>Luther's letter to Rabbi Josel as cited by Gordon Rupp, ''Martin Luther and the Jews'' (London: The Council of Christians and Jews, 1972), 14. According to {{Cite web}}, this paragraph is not available in the English edition of Luther's works. </ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sydow|first=Michael|date=1 December 1999|title=Journal of Theology: Martin Luther, Reformation Theologian and Educator|url=http://clclutheran.org/library/jtheo_arch/jtdec1999.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928132039/http://clclutheran.org/library/jtheo_arch/jtdec1999.pdf|archive-date=28 September 2007|access-date=17 May 2022}}</ref> taja pia, tebal agi bala pakar sejarah madahka retorik iya meransang antisemitisme di Jereman enggau penumbuh, beratus taun udah nya, Parti Nazi.<ref name="Wallman1">"The assertion that Luther's expressions of anti-Jewish sentiment have been of major and persistent influence in the centuries after the Reformation, and that there exists a continuity between Protestant [[anti-Judaism]] and modern racially oriented antisemitism, is at present wide-spread in the literature; since the Second World War it has understandably become the prevailing opinion." Johannes Wallmann, "The Reception of Luther's Writings on the Jews from the Reformation to the End of the 19th Century", ''[[Lutheran Quarterly]]'', n.s. 1 (Spring 1987) 1:72–97. </ref><ref>For similar views, see: </ref><ref name="Grunberger1971">[[Richard Grunberger|Grunberger, Richard]]. ''The 12-Year Reich: A Social History of Nazi Germany 1933–1945'' (NP:Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971), 465. </ref> ==Penyanding== {{reflist}} 3lc0fe33j7h39eqhhbkml5hu5fqccsl 10 3833 13022 2025-06-13T01:29:40Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{embed}}}}}|yes|{{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox theologian with embed equal yes]]}}<hr />{{#ifeq:{{yesno-yes|{{{child_header|}}}}}|yes|'''Theology career'''}}}}{{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=Infobox person | _exclude = child_header,embed,child,religion,denomination,ordination,ordained_by,era,language,tradition_movement,school_tradition,main_interests,notable_ideas | _alias-map = titles:title,period:years_active,not...' 13022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{embed}}}}}|yes|{{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox theologian with embed equal yes]]}}<hr />{{#ifeq:{{yesno-yes|{{{child_header|}}}}}|yes|'''Theology career'''}}}}{{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=Infobox person | _exclude = child_header,embed,child,religion,denomination,ordination,ordained_by,era,language,tradition_movement,school_tradition,main_interests,notable_ideas | _alias-map = titles:title,period:years_active,notableworks:notable_works,signature type:signature_type,module:module2,module2:module3 | template_name = infobox theologian | child = {{lc:{{{embed}}}}} | name = <includeonly>{{PAGENAMEBASE}}</includeonly> | module = {{#if:{{{ordination|}}}{{{religion|}}}{{{denomination|}}}|{{infobox|child=yes | label1 = Religion | data1 = {{{religion|}}} | label2 = Denomination | data2 = {{{denomination|}}} | label3 = Ordination | data3 = {{br separated entries| {{{ordination|}}} | {{#if:{{{ordained_by|}}}|by&nbsp;{{{ordained_by|}}}}} }} }}}} | module2 = {{#if:{{{era|}}}{{{language|}}}{{{tradition_movement|}}}{{{school_tradition|}}}{{{main_interests|}}}{{{notable_ideas|}}}| {{infobox theological work | era = {{{era|}}} | language = {{{language|}}} | tradition_movement = {{if empty|{{{tradition_movement|}}}|{{{school_tradition|}}}}} | main_interests = {{{main_interests|}}} | notable_ideas = {{{notable_ideas|}}} }}}} }}{{#invoke:Check for clobbered parameters|check | template = [[Template:Infobox theologian]] | cat = {{main other|Category:Pages using infobox theologian with conflicting parameters}} | titles;title | period;years_active | noteableworks:notable_works | signature type:signature_type | module2;module3}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> aedb62rklep9ch8pw97ra369u1y0cic 10 3834 13023 2025-06-13T01:32:28Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan ' {{ infobox|child=yes | decat = yes <!-- remove from template:infobox tracking categories --> | title = '''Theological work''' | label1 = Era | data1 = {{{era|}}} | label2 = Jaku | data2 = {{{language|}}} | label3 = Tradisyen tauka engkebut | data3 = {{{tradition_movement|}}} | label4 = Batang pengawa | data4 = {{{main_interests|}}} | label5 = Idea tebilang | data5 = {{{notable_ideas|}}} }}<noinclude>{{documentation}}<!-- place category and la...' 13023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ infobox|child=yes | decat = yes <!-- remove from template:infobox tracking categories --> | title = '''Theological work''' | label1 = Era | data1 = {{{era|}}} | label2 = Jaku | data2 = {{{language|}}} | label3 = Tradisyen tauka engkebut | data3 = {{{tradition_movement|}}} | label4 = Batang pengawa | data4 = {{{main_interests|}}} | label5 = Idea tebilang | data5 = {{{notable_ideas|}}} }}<noinclude>{{documentation}}<!-- place category and language links on the /doc sub-page, not here --></noinclude> 5vfjgkslufv6749u8k19454rg7dddvv 0 3835 13025 2025-06-13T02:42:27Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1294587098|Anthony of Padua]] " 13025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox saint|honorific_prefix=[[Saint]]|name=Anthony of Padua|honorific_suffix=[[Order of Friars Minor|OFM]]|birth_date=15 August 1195|death_date={{death date and age|1231|6|13|1195|8|15|df=y}}|feast_day=13 June|venerated_in=[[Catholic Church]], [[Anglican Communion]]|image=Francisco de Zurbarán - Sto Antonio de Padua.jpg|caption=''Anthony of Padua'' by [[Francisco de Zurbarán]], 1627–1630|birth_name=Fernando Martins de Bulhões|birth_place=[[Lisbon]], [[Kingdom of Portugal]]|death_place={{ubl|[[Padua]], [[Lombard League]], [[Holy Roman Empire]] | {{small|(now [[Italy in the Middle Ages|Italy]])}} }}|titles=[[Doctor of the Church]]|beatified_date=|beatified_place=|beatified_by=|canonized_date=30 May 1232|canonized_place=Spoleto, Italy|canonized_by=[[Pope Gregory IX]]|attributes=Religious habit of a [[Order of Friars Minor|Friar Minor]], lily, book, [[tonsure]], holding the [[Child Jesus|Infant Jesus]], mule|patronage=[[Custody of the Holy Land]], miracles, travelers, finding one's spouse, pregnancy, harvests, animals, lost items, lost people, lost souls, poverty, sterility, the sick, the disabled, the oppressed, the hungry, the elderly, faith in the [[Blessed Sacrament]], [[sailors]], [[fishermen]], [[watermen]], [[swineherds]], [[mail carrier]]s, [[counter-revolutionaries]], [[indigenous peoples of the Americas]], [[Ysleta del Sur Pueblo|Tigua]], [[Padua]], [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]], [[Brazil]], [[Albania]], [[Pila, Laguna]], [[Iriga, Camarines Sur]], [[Camaligan, Camarines Sur]], [[Gubat, Sorsogon]], [[Tuburan, Cebu|Tuburan]], [[Cebu]], [[Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo]], [[Cusco|Cusco, Peru]], [[Kandy, Sri Lanka]],|major_shrine=[[Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua]], [[Santo António de Lisboa, Lisbon|Church of Saint Anthony of Lisbon]]}} '''Anthony ari Padua''', OFM, ({{Langx|pt|António/Antônio de Pádua}}; {{Langx|it|Antonio di/da Padova}}; {{Langx|la|Antonius Patavinus}}) tauka '''Anthony ari Lisbon''' ({{Langx|pt|António/Antônio de Lisboa}}; {{Langx|it|Antonio da/di Lisbona}}; {{Langx|la|Antonius Olisiponensis}}; ada enggau nama '''Fernando Martins enggau Bulhões'''; 15 Ogos 1195 – 13 Jun 1231){{Sfn|Purcell|1960}}{{Sfn|Foley|McCloskey|2013}} nya siku paderi Katolik Portugis sereta kaban Ordo Friar Mit. Anthony ada sereta dibesaika ba ruang bilik ke kaya di Lisbon, Portugal, lalu midang di Padua, Itali. Dikelala orang ke sama jeman enggau iya ketegal pengawa iya ti bekuasa nginjil, penemu iya ti landik pasal bup kudus, sereta pengerindu enggau pengangkun iya ti enda nemu mati ngagai orang ti seranta enggau orang ti sakit, iya siku ari sante ti pemadu jampat dikudus dalam sejarah gerija, lalu dikanon kurang ari setaun pengudah iya mati. Iya dichiri Paus Pius XII nyadi Lutur Gerija kena 16 Januari 1946. == Pengidup == === Taun-taun keterubah === [[Fail:Igreja-Antonio1.jpg|kanan|thumb| Gerija Saint Anthony, di Lisbon, [[Portugal]], digaga ba atas rumah asal endur sante Portugis nya ada.]] [[Fail:La_casa_natale_di_S._Antonio_da_Padova_-_panoramio.jpg|kanan|thumb| Endur ada Sante Anthony, di Lisbon, [[Portugal]], ti bepalan ba kript gerija ti diungkupka ngagai iya.]] Anthony ada enggau nama '''Fernando Martins de Bulhões''' di Lisbon, [[Portugal]].{{Sfn|Dal-Gal|1907}} Seraya penulis abad ke-15 madahka apai indai iya nya Vicente Martins enggau Teresa Pais Taveira, lalu apai iya nya menyadi Pedro Martins de Bulhões, aki ini sida Bulhão tauka Bulhões sebilik, Niccolò Dal-Gal ngumbai pekara tu kurang tentu.{{Sfn|Dal-Gal|1907}} Sida sebilik ti kaya sereta bekuasa ngatur iya diajar ba sekula katedral ba endur nya. Lebuh umur iya 15 taun, iya diterima nyadi Canons Regular Perintah Regang Kudus ba Biara Saint Vincent ba tisi Lisbon.{{Sfn|Dal-Gal|1907}} Dalam taun 1212, ketegal ti suah nemuai ngagai diri sebilik enggau bala bakih, iya minta dipindahka ngagai rumah indai eklisia, iya nya Biara Regang Kudus di Coimbra, ke nyadi indu nengeri Portugal maya nya.{{Sfn|Monti|2008}} Dia, Fernando ke agi biak belajar teologi enggau [[jaku Latin]]. === Seretai raban Fransiskan === [[Fail:Accademia_-_Madonna_in_trono_con_il_Bambino_tra_i_santi_Anna,_Gioachino,_Ludovico_da_Tolosa,_Antoinio_da_Padova,_Francesco_et_Bernardino_da_Siena_-_Alvise_Vivarini_Cat607.jpg|thumb| Dalam lukis Alvise Vivarini, Anthony dibida ari orang kudus bukai nengah atribut iya: bup enggau tangkai bungai lily ti bechura putih.]] Pengudah iya dichiri nyadi paderi, Fernando dichiri nyadi tuai temuai lebuh umur iya 19 taun, lalu diasuh megai pengawa ngatur temuai ngagai biara. Lebuh iya di Coimbra, sekeda Friar Minor datai lalu ngentapka diri ba sebengkah hermitage mit ba luar Coimbra ti diungkupka ngagai St. Anthony Manah{{Sfn|Monti|2008}} Fernando balat tetarit ati enggau gaya pengidup ti mudah sereta evangelikal bala friar, ti semina ditumbuhka 11 taun sebedau nya. Berita datai madahka lima iku raban Franciskan udah diputung pala di Moroko, keterubah iya ari perintah sida dibunuh. Raja Afonso II ari Portugal nebus bangkai seduai iya ngambika dipulaika lalu dikubur nyadi martir ba Biara Regang Kudus.{{Sfn|Monti|2008}} Diperansang enggau teladan sida, Fernando bulih pemendar ari piak bekuasa gerija pansut ari Canons Regular lalu masuk gerempung baru Franciskan. Lebuh iya ngaku pengidup bala friar, iya nyeretai hermitage mit di Olivais, ngena nama Anthony (ari nama chapel ke bepalan dia, diungkupka ngagai Anthony the Great), ke deka dikelala iya.{{Sfn|Silva|2011}} Anthony lalu mupuk ke Moroko, dikena ngamatka vokasyen baru iya. Taja pia, iya balat sakit di Moroko lalu belayar pulai ke Portugal enggau pengarap ulih gerai baru. Lebuh pejalai pulai, kapal nya nyimpang ari jalai lalu sangkai ba Sicily.<ref name="wintz">{{Cite web|url=http://www.americancatholic.org/Messenger/Jun2007/Feature1.asp|title=Anthony of Padua: The Italian Years – June 2007 Issue of St. Anthony Messenger Magazine Online|date=30 June 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630175456/http://www.americancatholic.org/Messenger/Jun2007/Feature1.asp|archive-date=30 June 2007}}</ref> Ari Sicily, iya bejalai ngagai Tuscany, ke alai iya diasuh gawa ba sebengkah konven ari ordo nya, tang iya ditemu enggau penusah ketegal gamal iya ke sakit. Pengujung iya diasuh gawa ba hermitage menua pesisir {{Lang|it|{{ill|Montepaolo|it}} di Dovadola}} (‘gunung Saint Paul ari Dovadola ’), semak Forlì, di Romagna, siti pilih ke digaga pengudah beratika pengerai iya ke enda manah. Dia, iya bisi bepanggai ba sel ke digaga seiku ari bala friar ba gua ke semak, lalu ngena awak besampi sereta belajar kediri.<ref name="foley">{{cite web|url=http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Anthony/0-86716-202-3_lf.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001017040504/http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Anthony/0-86716-202-3_lf.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 October 2000|title=Who Is St. Anthony?|last=Foley|first=Leonard|publisher=American Catholic|access-date=27 June 2011}}</ref> === Pengawa nginjil enggau ngajar === [[Fail:Saint_Antony_of_Padua_holding_Baby_Jesus_mg_0165.jpg|kanan|thumb| ''Sante Antony ari Padua megai Jesus ti agi mit'' ti dikarang Strozzi, c. taun 1625 enggau; bungai lili ti bechura putih ngayanka penuchi.]] Dalam taun 1222, ba nengeri Forlì, sekeda bala friar Dominican ke datai nemuai bisi datai maya pengawa ordinasyen, lalu bisi salah penemu pasal sapa ke patut nginjil. Bala Franciskan udah ngarapka siku ari raban Dominikan deka nguan palpit, laban ti tebilang enggau pengawa nginjil sida. Taja pia, orang Dominikan udah datai enggau enda besendia, ngumbai orang Franciskan deka nyadi homilis. Dalam penusah tu, tuai hermitage, ti enda ngumbai sebarang bala friar iya empu ti baruh ati ulih meri homili ke maya nya, lalu ngangauka Anthony, ti disangka iya pemadu layak, lalu minta iya bejaku sebarang utai ti tau diiri Roh Kudus. Anthony mantah, tang dikelaung, lalu jaku ajar iya ti enda beradat nya nempa peragam ti dalam ngagai bala peninga iya. Bala peninga iya ukai semina tetarit ati ketegal nyawa iya ti kaya sereta chara iya ti nangkap, tang mega ketegal tema enggau substansi jaku iya, penemu iya ti dalam pasal bup kudus, sereta pengelandik iya ngenataika pesan iya. Anthony udah nya dianjung Menyadi Gratian, menteri menua nya, ngagai menua Romagna, ke bepalan ba Bologna. Enda lama udah nya, iya ditemu orang ke numbuhka gerempung nya, iya nya Francis ari Assisi. Francis udah ngembuan ati ti enda arapka endur pelajar teologi dalam pengidup bala menyadi iya, nangika nya tau ngujungka sida ninggalka komitmen sida ngagai pengidup ti seranta enggau gawa ti bendar. Tang ba Anthony, iya tetemuka semengat ti sama enggau iya ti sama penemu enggau iya lalu mega ulih meri ajar ti diguna sebarang kaban biak dalam gerempung ti deka dichiri nyadi paderi. Dalam taun 1224, iya ngarapka pengawa nampung pelajar ungkup sebarang friar iya ngagai pengawa ngintu Anthony. Pengawa asal besampi minta tulung St.Anthony ngiga utai ke lenyau tauka dichuri tu dipansik ari siti penusah maya iya agi idup ke nyadi di Bologna. Nitihka cherita, Anthony bisi bup masmur ti beguna ba iya, laban bup nya ngundan nota enggau komen iya ngambika bisi dikena iya ngajar bala nembiak iya. Seiku orang baru ti udah milih deka mupuk udah mai psalter enggau iya. Sebedau mesin chelak ditemu, sebarang bup disalin ngena jari, lalu enggau nya, utai ti berega tinggi; siku friar Franciscan kelebih agi, berindik ari sumpah iya ti seranta, tentu nemu utai ti baka nya tusah deka diganti. Lebuh Anthony sedarka bup psalter iya nadai, iya besampi ngambika bup nya ditemu tauka dipulaika, udah nya penchuri nya dipindahka ngambika ukai semina mulaika bup nya ngagai Anthony, tang mega mulaika ngagai perintah. Bup ke dichuri nya dipadahka disimpan ba biara Franciscan di Bologna. Sesekali, Anthony ngambi pengawa bukai nyadi pengajar ba universiti baka Universiti Montpellier enggau Universiti Toulouse di selatan Perancis, tang pengawa nginjil iya dianggap pemeri iya ti pemadu tinggi. Nitihka penemu pakar sejarah Sophronius Clasen, Anthony nginjil pasal “pemesai pengarap Kristian”. Chara iya nyengkaum jaku sempama enggau penerang simbolik pasal bup kudus. Dalam taun 1226, pengudah ngulu bab besai perintah iya ke diatur ba Arles, Perancis, lalu nginjil ba kandang menua Provence, Anthony pulai ke Itali lalu dipadu nyadi superior Provinsial utara Itali. Iya milih nengeri Padua nyadika palan iya. Dalam taun 1228, iya nyadi duta ari chapter besai ngagai Paus Gregory IX . Ba kort paus, pengawa nginjil iya dipuji nyadi "kes permata [[Bup Kudus]] " lalu iya diasuh ngasilka koleksyen jaku ajar iya, ''Jaku ajar ungkup Hari Pengerami'' ''(Sermones in Festivitates)''. Gregory IX nerangka Anthony nyadi "Peti Sempekat" ''(Doktor Arca testamenti)'' . == Kereja ajih == [[Fail:St._Anthony_Preaching_to_the_Fishes_(c._1630)_-_attributed_to_Francisco_de_Herrera_the_Elder_(Detroit_Institute_of_Arts).png|thumb| ''Santo Anthony Nginjil ngagai Ikan'', c. 1630]] Cherita Anthony "ngajar ngagai ikan" bepun ari Rimini, endur iya udah nurun nginjil. Lebuh orang ke nyimpang ari pengarap dia enda bebasaka iya, Anthony dipadahka mansang ngagai tebing tasik, alai iya berengkah nginjil ba tisi ai nyentukka mayuh amat ikan dipeda begempuru ba mua iya. Orang mayuh ba mengeri nya lalu indah sida ke nyimpang ari pengarap tadi meda utai ti ngalitka ati tu lalu teperansang mendingka jaku ajar Anthony.{{Sfn|Arnald|2010}} Dalam cherita bukai ti suah ditusui, ti nyadi mega di Rimini, Anthony dichabar siku orang ti nyimpang ari pengrap ngambika ulih ngayanka pengamat penatai Kristus dalam Ekaristi. Laki nya, ti deka ngeleseka Anthony, mai siku keledai ti setengah lapar lalu nunjukka iya pemakai jelu ti baru. Saint Anthony nunjukka ngagai keledai nya monstrans ti ngundan Sakramen ti Diberekat. Keledai nya enda ibuhka pemakai jelu lalu nunduk ba mua Sakramen ti Diberkat.{{Sfn|Arnald|2010}} Tempietto Sant’Antonio nyadika tanda endur kereja ajih nya nyadi. Versyen bukai ari kereja ajih tu ngengkahka iya ba Toulouse tauka Bourges. Siti agi cherita madahka pasal siti maya di Itali lebuh Anthony benung makai enggau orang ke nyimpang ari pengarap. Iya sedar pemakai ke diengkah sida ba mua iya bisi rachun, lalu iya betapi enggau sida. Bala lelaki nya ngaku nguji deka munuh iya, tang udah nya sida enchabar iya makai enti iya amat arapka jaku ti disebut dalam Mark 16:18 pasal bala rasul Kristus: "lalu enti sida ngirup utai ti tau munuh, utai nya enda ngemediska sida". Anthony dipadahka udah merekatka pemakai nya lalu makai iya enggau nadai ngeruga, mayuh ngasuh bala tuan rumah iya alit ati.{{Sfn|Arnald|2010}} == Pemidang == [[Fail:Anthony_pereda.jpg|kanan|thumb| ''Anthony ari Padua enggau Jesus ti agi mit'' ti dilukis Antonio de Pereda, enggau silik .]] Anthony sakit ergotisme dalam taun 1231 lalu mansang ngagai palan pengenduh kampung di Camposampiero enggau dua iku friar bukai ngambika belelak. Dia, iya diau ba bilik ti digaga ke iya ba baruh daun kayu walnut. Anthony midang lebuh dalam pejalai pulai ke Padua kena 13 Jun 1231 ba biara Poor Clare di Arcella (diatu sebagi ari Padua), maya umur iya 35 taun. Baka ke udah dipinta iya, Anthony ditumbak ba gerija mit Santa Maria Mater Domini—engka digaga ba ujung abad ke-12—semak enggau sebuah biara ke ditumbuhka iya ba taun 1229. Ketegal iya ke tebilang, pengawa ngaga sebuah gerija ke besai, ke diatu Basilika Sante Anthony ari Padua, berengkah urung taun 1232 lalu tembu dalam taun 1301. Gerija ke mit agi dipasukka ngagai struktur nya nyadi Cappella della Madonna Mora tauka Chapel Madonna Gelap. Diatu basilika tu suah disebut enggau nama "Il Santo" (Sante). Bemacham cherita mega bisi ngelingi pemidang Anthony. Siku bepenemu lebuh iya mati, bala anak mit nyabak ba jalai alun lalu semua luching gerija bemunyi enggau peneka ati sida empu. Nitihka cherita bukai, lebuh iya keterubah iya dikubur, dilah, rahang, enggau tali nyawa iya dipilih nyadika relik kena dipebasaka lalu dipandangka ba relik ti besai. Lebuh bangkai iya digali 30 taun udah iya mati, bangkai iya ditemu udah bebali nyadi debu, tang dilah iya diperatika udah bekilat sereta dipeda baka ke agi nyadi sebagi ari bangkai ti idup; siti agi perati ti benung digaga madahka tu tanda pemeri iya nginjil.<ref>{{cite news|title=When Anthony spoke again|url=http://www.messengersaintanthony.com/messaggero/pagina_articolo.asp?IDX=3IDRX=1|access-date=21 March 2015|work=Messenger of Saint Anthony|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402124205/http://www.messengersaintanthony.com/messaggero/pagina_articolo.asp?IDX=3IDRX%3D1|archive-date=2 April 2015}} </ref> Kena 1 Januari 1981, [[Paus John Paul II]] ngemendarka tim saintis mansik bangkai Anthony lalu pendam nya dibuka lima hari udah nya. [[Kategori:Lambar-lambar enggau salin ke bedau dipansik]] 9ygm1n1ul6ehorbzkv0c3t3obfk75kk 13026 13025 2025-06-13T02:42:59Z Song GK 9 13026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox saint|honorific_prefix=[[Saint]]|name=Anthony of Padua|honorific_suffix=[[Order of Friars Minor|OFM]]|birth_date=15 August 1195|death_date={{death date and age|1231|6|13|1195|8|15|df=y}}|feast_day=13 June|venerated_in=[[Catholic Church]], [[Anglican Communion]]|image=Francisco de Zurbarán - Sto Antonio de Padua.jpg|caption=''Anthony of Padua'' by [[Francisco de Zurbarán]], 1627–1630|birth_name=Fernando Martins de Bulhões|birth_place=[[Lisbon]], [[Kingdom of Portugal]]|death_place={{ubl|[[Padua]], [[Lombard League]], [[Holy Roman Empire]] | {{small|(now [[Italy in the Middle Ages|Italy]])}} }}|titles=[[Doctor of the Church]]|beatified_date=|beatified_place=|beatified_by=|canonized_date=30 May 1232|canonized_place=Spoleto, Italy|canonized_by=[[Pope Gregory IX]]|attributes=Religious habit of a [[Order of Friars Minor|Friar Minor]], lily, book, [[tonsure]], holding the [[Child Jesus|Infant Jesus]], mule|patronage=[[Custody of the Holy Land]], miracles, travelers, finding one's spouse, pregnancy, harvests, animals, lost items, lost people, lost souls, poverty, sterility, the sick, the disabled, the oppressed, the hungry, the elderly, faith in the [[Blessed Sacrament]], [[sailors]], [[fishermen]], [[watermen]], [[swineherds]], [[mail carrier]]s, [[counter-revolutionaries]], [[indigenous peoples of the Americas]], [[Ysleta del Sur Pueblo|Tigua]], [[Padua]], [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]], [[Brazil]], [[Albania]], [[Pila, Laguna]], [[Iriga, Camarines Sur]], [[Camaligan, Camarines Sur]], [[Gubat, Sorsogon]], [[Tuburan, Cebu|Tuburan]], [[Cebu]], [[Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo]], [[Cusco|Cusco, Peru]], [[Kandy, Sri Lanka]],|major_shrine=[[Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua]], [[Santo António de Lisboa, Lisbon|Church of Saint Anthony of Lisbon]]}} '''Anthony ari Padua''', OFM, ({{Langx|pt|António/Antônio de Pádua}}; {{Langx|it|Antonio di/da Padova}}; {{Langx|la|Antonius Patavinus}}) tauka '''Anthony ari Lisbon''' ({{Langx|pt|António/Antônio de Lisboa}}; {{Langx|it|Antonio da/di Lisbona}}; {{Langx|la|Antonius Olisiponensis}}; ada enggau nama '''Fernando Martins enggau Bulhões'''; 15 Ogos 1195 – 13 Jun 1231){{Sfn|Purcell|1960}}{{Sfn|Foley|McCloskey|2013}} nya siku paderi Katolik Portugis sereta kaban Ordo Friar Mit. Anthony ada sereta dibesaika ba ruang bilik ke kaya di Lisbon, Portugal, lalu midang di Padua, Itali. Dikelala orang ke sama jeman enggau iya ketegal pengawa iya ti bekuasa nginjil, penemu iya ti landik pasal bup kudus, sereta pengerindu enggau pengangkun iya ti enda nemu mati ngagai orang ti seranta enggau orang ti sakit, iya siku ari sante ti pemadu jampat dikudus dalam sejarah gerija, lalu dikanon kurang ari setaun pengudah iya mati. Iya dichiri Paus Pius XII nyadi Lutur Gerija kena 16 Januari 1946. == Pengidup == === Taun-taun keterubah === [[Fail:Igreja-Antonio1.jpg|kanan|thumb| Gerija Saint Anthony, di Lisbon, [[Portugal]], digaga ba atas rumah asal endur sante Portugis nya ada.]] [[Fail:La_casa_natale_di_S._Antonio_da_Padova_-_panoramio.jpg|kanan|thumb| Endur ada Sante Anthony, di Lisbon, [[Portugal]], ti bepalan ba kript gerija ti diungkupka ngagai iya.]] Anthony ada enggau nama '''Fernando Martins de Bulhões''' di Lisbon, [[Portugal]].{{Sfn|Dal-Gal|1907}} Seraya penulis abad ke-15 madahka apai indai iya nya Vicente Martins enggau Teresa Pais Taveira, lalu apai iya nya menyadi Pedro Martins de Bulhões, aki ini sida Bulhão tauka Bulhões sebilik, Niccolò Dal-Gal ngumbai pekara tu kurang tentu.{{Sfn|Dal-Gal|1907}} Sida sebilik ti kaya sereta bekuasa ngatur iya diajar ba sekula katedral ba endur nya. Lebuh umur iya 15 taun, iya diterima nyadi Canons Regular Perintah Regang Kudus ba Biara Saint Vincent ba tisi Lisbon.{{Sfn|Dal-Gal|1907}} Dalam taun 1212, ketegal ti suah nemuai ngagai diri sebilik enggau bala bakih, iya minta dipindahka ngagai rumah indai eklisia, iya nya Biara Regang Kudus di Coimbra, ke nyadi indu nengeri Portugal maya nya.{{Sfn|Monti|2008}} Dia, Fernando ke agi biak belajar teologi enggau [[jaku Latin]]. === Seretai raban Fransiskan === [[Fail:Accademia_-_Madonna_in_trono_con_il_Bambino_tra_i_santi_Anna,_Gioachino,_Ludovico_da_Tolosa,_Antoinio_da_Padova,_Francesco_et_Bernardino_da_Siena_-_Alvise_Vivarini_Cat607.jpg|thumb| Dalam lukis Alvise Vivarini, Anthony dibida ari orang kudus bukai nengah atribut iya: bup enggau tangkai bungai lily ti bechura putih.]] Pengudah iya dichiri nyadi paderi, Fernando dichiri nyadi tuai temuai lebuh umur iya 19 taun, lalu diasuh megai pengawa ngatur temuai ngagai biara. Lebuh iya di Coimbra, sekeda Friar Minor datai lalu ngentapka diri ba sebengkah hermitage mit ba luar Coimbra ti diungkupka ngagai St. Anthony Manah{{Sfn|Monti|2008}} Fernando balat tetarit ati enggau gaya pengidup ti mudah sereta evangelikal bala friar, ti semina ditumbuhka 11 taun sebedau nya. Berita datai madahka lima iku raban Franciskan udah diputung pala di Moroko, keterubah iya ari perintah sida dibunuh. Raja Afonso II ari Portugal nebus bangkai seduai iya ngambika dipulaika lalu dikubur nyadi martir ba Biara Regang Kudus.{{Sfn|Monti|2008}} Diperansang enggau teladan sida, Fernando bulih pemendar ari piak bekuasa gerija pansut ari Canons Regular lalu masuk gerempung baru Franciskan. Lebuh iya ngaku pengidup bala friar, iya nyeretai hermitage mit di Olivais, ngena nama Anthony (ari nama chapel ke bepalan dia, diungkupka ngagai Anthony the Great), ke deka dikelala iya.{{Sfn|Silva|2011}} Anthony lalu mupuk ke Moroko, dikena ngamatka vokasyen baru iya. Taja pia, iya balat sakit di Moroko lalu belayar pulai ke Portugal enggau pengarap ulih gerai baru. Lebuh pejalai pulai, kapal nya nyimpang ari jalai lalu sangkai ba Sicily.<ref name="wintz">{{Cite web|url=http://www.americancatholic.org/Messenger/Jun2007/Feature1.asp|title=Anthony of Padua: The Italian Years – June 2007 Issue of St. Anthony Messenger Magazine Online|date=30 June 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630175456/http://www.americancatholic.org/Messenger/Jun2007/Feature1.asp|archive-date=30 June 2007}}</ref> Ari Sicily, iya bejalai ngagai Tuscany, ke alai iya diasuh gawa ba sebengkah konven ari ordo nya, tang iya ditemu enggau penusah ketegal gamal iya ke sakit. Pengujung iya diasuh gawa ba hermitage menua pesisir {{Lang|it|{{ill|Montepaolo|it}} di Dovadola}} (‘gunung Saint Paul ari Dovadola ’), semak Forlì, di Romagna, siti pilih ke digaga pengudah beratika pengerai iya ke enda manah. Dia, iya bisi bepanggai ba sel ke digaga seiku ari bala friar ba gua ke semak, lalu ngena awak besampi sereta belajar kediri.<ref name="foley">{{cite web|url=http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Anthony/0-86716-202-3_lf.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001017040504/http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Anthony/0-86716-202-3_lf.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 October 2000|title=Who Is St. Anthony?|last=Foley|first=Leonard|publisher=American Catholic|access-date=27 June 2011}}</ref> === Pengawa nginjil enggau ngajar === [[Fail:Saint_Antony_of_Padua_holding_Baby_Jesus_mg_0165.jpg|kanan|thumb| ''Sante Antony ari Padua megai Jesus ti agi mit'' ti dikarang Strozzi, c. taun 1625 enggau; bungai lili ti bechura putih ngayanka penuchi.]] Dalam taun 1222, ba nengeri Forlì, sekeda bala friar Dominican ke datai nemuai bisi datai maya pengawa ordinasyen, lalu bisi salah penemu pasal sapa ke patut nginjil. Bala Franciskan udah ngarapka siku ari raban Dominikan deka nguan palpit, laban ti tebilang enggau pengawa nginjil sida. Taja pia, orang Dominikan udah datai enggau enda besendia, ngumbai orang Franciskan deka nyadi homilis. Dalam penusah tu, tuai hermitage, ti enda ngumbai sebarang bala friar iya empu ti baruh ati ulih meri homili ke maya nya, lalu ngangauka Anthony, ti disangka iya pemadu layak, lalu minta iya bejaku sebarang utai ti tau diiri Roh Kudus. Anthony mantah, tang dikelaung, lalu jaku ajar iya ti enda beradat nya nempa peragam ti dalam ngagai bala peninga iya. Bala peninga iya ukai semina tetarit ati ketegal nyawa iya ti kaya sereta chara iya ti nangkap, tang mega ketegal tema enggau substansi jaku iya, penemu iya ti dalam pasal bup kudus, sereta pengelandik iya ngenataika pesan iya. Anthony udah nya dianjung Menyadi Gratian, menteri menua nya, ngagai menua Romagna, ke bepalan ba Bologna. Enda lama udah nya, iya ditemu orang ke numbuhka gerempung nya, iya nya Francis ari Assisi. Francis udah ngembuan ati ti enda arapka endur pelajar teologi dalam pengidup bala menyadi iya, nangika nya tau ngujungka sida ninggalka komitmen sida ngagai pengidup ti seranta enggau gawa ti bendar. Tang ba Anthony, iya tetemuka semengat ti sama enggau iya ti sama penemu enggau iya lalu mega ulih meri ajar ti diguna sebarang kaban biak dalam gerempung ti deka dichiri nyadi paderi. Dalam taun 1224, iya ngarapka pengawa nampung pelajar ungkup sebarang friar iya ngagai pengawa ngintu Anthony. Pengawa asal besampi minta tulung St.Anthony ngiga utai ke lenyau tauka dichuri tu dipansik ari siti penusah maya iya agi idup ke nyadi di Bologna. Nitihka cherita, Anthony bisi bup masmur ti beguna ba iya, laban bup nya ngundan nota enggau komen iya ngambika bisi dikena iya ngajar bala nembiak iya. Seiku orang baru ti udah milih deka mupuk udah mai psalter enggau iya. Sebedau mesin chelak ditemu, sebarang bup disalin ngena jari, lalu enggau nya, utai ti berega tinggi; siku friar Franciscan kelebih agi, berindik ari sumpah iya ti seranta, tentu nemu utai ti baka nya tusah deka diganti. Lebuh Anthony sedarka bup psalter iya nadai, iya besampi ngambika bup nya ditemu tauka dipulaika, udah nya penchuri nya dipindahka ngambika ukai semina mulaika bup nya ngagai Anthony, tang mega mulaika ngagai perintah. Bup ke dichuri nya dipadahka disimpan ba biara Franciscan di Bologna. Sesekali, Anthony ngambi pengawa bukai nyadi pengajar ba universiti baka Universiti Montpellier enggau Universiti Toulouse di selatan Perancis, tang pengawa nginjil iya dianggap pemeri iya ti pemadu tinggi. Nitihka penemu pakar sejarah Sophronius Clasen, Anthony nginjil pasal “pemesai pengarap Kristian”. Chara iya nyengkaum jaku sempama enggau penerang simbolik pasal bup kudus. Dalam taun 1226, pengudah ngulu bab besai perintah iya ke diatur ba Arles, Perancis, lalu nginjil ba kandang menua Provence, Anthony pulai ke Itali lalu dipadu nyadi superior Provinsial utara Itali. Iya milih nengeri Padua nyadika palan iya. Dalam taun 1228, iya nyadi duta ari chapter besai ngagai Paus Gregory IX . Ba kort paus, pengawa nginjil iya dipuji nyadi "kes permata [[Bup Kudus]] " lalu iya diasuh ngasilka koleksyen jaku ajar iya, ''Jaku ajar ungkup Hari Pengerami'' ''(Sermones in Festivitates)''. Gregory IX nerangka Anthony nyadi "Peti Sempekat" ''(Doktor Arca testamenti)'' . == Kereja ajih == [[Fail:St._Anthony_Preaching_to_the_Fishes_(c._1630)_-_attributed_to_Francisco_de_Herrera_the_Elder_(Detroit_Institute_of_Arts).png|thumb| ''Santo Anthony Nginjil ngagai Ikan'', c. 1630]] Cherita Anthony "ngajar ngagai ikan" bepun ari Rimini, endur iya udah nurun nginjil. Lebuh orang ke nyimpang ari pengarap dia enda bebasaka iya, Anthony dipadahka mansang ngagai tebing tasik, alai iya berengkah nginjil ba tisi ai nyentukka mayuh amat ikan dipeda begempuru ba mua iya. Orang mayuh ba mengeri nya lalu indah sida ke nyimpang ari pengarap tadi meda utai ti ngalitka ati tu lalu teperansang mendingka jaku ajar Anthony.{{Sfn|Arnald|2010}} Dalam cherita bukai ti suah ditusui, ti nyadi mega di Rimini, Anthony dichabar siku orang ti nyimpang ari pengrap ngambika ulih ngayanka pengamat penatai Kristus dalam Ekaristi. Laki nya, ti deka ngeleseka Anthony, mai siku keledai ti setengah lapar lalu nunjukka iya pemakai jelu ti baru. Saint Anthony nunjukka ngagai keledai nya monstrans ti ngundan Sakramen ti Diberekat. Keledai nya enda ibuhka pemakai jelu lalu nunduk ba mua Sakramen ti Diberkat.{{Sfn|Arnald|2010}} Tempietto Sant’Antonio nyadika tanda endur kereja ajih nya nyadi. Versyen bukai ari kereja ajih tu ngengkahka iya ba Toulouse tauka Bourges. Siti agi cherita madahka pasal siti maya di Itali lebuh Anthony benung makai enggau orang ke nyimpang ari pengarap. Iya sedar pemakai ke diengkah sida ba mua iya bisi rachun, lalu iya betapi enggau sida. Bala lelaki nya ngaku nguji deka munuh iya, tang udah nya sida enchabar iya makai enti iya amat arapka jaku ti disebut dalam Mark 16:18 pasal bala rasul Kristus: "lalu enti sida ngirup utai ti tau munuh, utai nya enda ngemediska sida". Anthony dipadahka udah merekatka pemakai nya lalu makai iya enggau nadai ngeruga, mayuh ngasuh bala tuan rumah iya alit ati.{{Sfn|Arnald|2010}} == Pemidang == [[Fail:Anthony_pereda.jpg|kanan|thumb| ''Anthony ari Padua enggau Jesus ti agi mit'' ti dilukis Antonio de Pereda, enggau silik .]] Anthony sakit ergotisme dalam taun 1231 lalu mansang ngagai palan pengenduh kampung di Camposampiero enggau dua iku friar bukai ngambika belelak. Dia, iya diau ba bilik ti digaga ke iya ba baruh daun kayu walnut. Anthony midang lebuh dalam pejalai pulai ke Padua kena 13 Jun 1231 ba biara Poor Clare di Arcella (diatu sebagi ari Padua), maya umur iya 35 taun. Baka ke udah dipinta iya, Anthony ditumbak ba gerija mit Santa Maria Mater Domini—engka digaga ba ujung abad ke-12—semak enggau sebuah biara ke ditumbuhka iya ba taun 1229. Ketegal iya ke tebilang, pengawa ngaga sebuah gerija ke besai, ke diatu Basilika Sante Anthony ari Padua, berengkah urung taun 1232 lalu tembu dalam taun 1301. Gerija ke mit agi dipasukka ngagai struktur nya nyadi Cappella della Madonna Mora tauka Chapel Madonna Gelap. Diatu basilika tu suah disebut enggau nama "Il Santo" (Sante). Bemacham cherita mega bisi ngelingi pemidang Anthony. Siku bepenemu lebuh iya mati, bala anak mit nyabak ba jalai alun lalu semua luching gerija bemunyi enggau peneka ati sida empu. Nitihka cherita bukai, lebuh iya keterubah iya dikubur, dilah, rahang, enggau tali nyawa iya dipilih nyadika relik kena dipebasaka lalu dipandangka ba relik ti besai. Lebuh bangkai iya digali 30 taun udah iya mati, bangkai iya ditemu udah bebali nyadi debu, tang dilah iya diperatika udah bekilat sereta dipeda baka ke agi nyadi sebagi ari bangkai ti idup; siti agi perati ti benung digaga madahka tu tanda pemeri iya nginjil.<ref>{{cite news|title=When Anthony spoke again|url=http://www.messengersaintanthony.com/messaggero/pagina_articolo.asp?IDX=3IDRX=1|access-date=21 March 2015|work=Messenger of Saint Anthony|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402124205/http://www.messengersaintanthony.com/messaggero/pagina_articolo.asp?IDX=3IDRX%3D1|archive-date=2 April 2015}} </ref> Kena 1 Januari 1981, [[Paus John Paul II]] ngemendarka tim saintis mansik bangkai Anthony lalu pendam nya dibuka lima hari udah nya. ==Penyanding== {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Lambar-lambar enggau salin ke bedau dipansik]] azkuhl3f6fi60rtiyjfvlrwmwg7wvlu 0 3836 13030 2025-06-13T11:11:20Z Song GK 9 Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar " [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1291910009|Cape (geography)]] " 13030 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fail:Astronaut_photo_of_Cape_Town_STS081-738-23.jpg|kiri|thumb| Ujit Pengadang Manah (kiba) enggau Ujut Hangklip (kanan) di Afrika Selatan, ari luar angkasa]] [[Fail:Cape_Tisan,_Mersin_province.jpg|thumb| Ujut Tisan di Provinsi Mersin, [[Turki|Turki.]]]] [[Fail:Panorama_Laghetti_di_Marinello_e_Tindari.jpg|thumb| Ujut Tindari enggau Lagun Marinello, Sisilia]] Dalam [[geografi]], '''ujut''' tauka '''tanjung''' nya ulu, semenanjung tauka promontori ti ngerembai ngagai ai, ke suah iya [[tasik]].{{Sfn|Whittow|1984}} Sebengkah ujut seruran iya ngayanka ubah ti tampak ba trend garis pantai, {{Sfn|Wright|Nichols|2018}} suah nyadika sida tanda ti beguna dalam pengawa ngelayang tasik. Tu mega ngasuh sida mudah kena tukuh pengerusak semula jadi, kelebih agi pengawa pasang surut, ngujungka timpuh idup geologi ti enda tentu lama. == Penumbuh == Ujut ulih ditempa ketegal gletser, bukit berapi, enggau ubah tikas tasik.{{Sfn|Wright|Nichols|2018}} Erosyen bejalaika tanggung pengawa ti besai dalam tiap-tiap chara penumbuh tu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Cape|url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/cape/|access-date=2024-08-24|website=education.nationalgeographic.org|language=en}}</ref> Penusah tusur tebing tasik ketegal gelumbang enggau arus ulih nempa tanjung nengah chara ngerusak batu ti lembut agi lalu ninggalka formasyen batu ti kering agi. Engkebut kerak Bumi ulih ngangkatka tanah, lalu nempa tanjung. Ambika chunto, Ujut Pengadang Manah ditumbuhka ketegal kuasa tektonik. Bukit berapi meletup ulih ngaga ujut nengah chara ngengkahka lava ti nyadi pejal nyadi gaya tanah baru. Ujut Verde, (ke mega dikelala enggau nama Cabo Verde) nya chunto ujut bukit berapi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-14|title=Cabo Verde - Trade, Fisheries, Tourism {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Cabo-Verde/Trade|access-date=2024-08-24|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Gletser ulih ngukir tanjung nengah chara ngerusak rampa menua lebuh sida mansang sereta surut. Ujut Cod di Amerika Serikat ditumbuhka ketegal aktiviti glasial maya Jeman Ais ke penudi.<ref name=":0" /> l6pa8tn431upcel96l4niq1fp84ozva 13031 13030 2025-06-13T11:11:39Z Song GK 9 13031 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fail:Astronaut_photo_of_Cape_Town_STS081-738-23.jpg|kiri|thumb| Ujit Pengadang Manah (kiba) enggau Ujut Hangklip (kanan) di Afrika Selatan, ari luar angkasa]] [[Fail:Cape_Tisan,_Mersin_province.jpg|thumb| Ujut Tisan di Provinsi Mersin, [[Turki|Turki.]]]] [[Fail:Panorama_Laghetti_di_Marinello_e_Tindari.jpg|thumb| Ujut Tindari enggau Lagun Marinello, Sisilia]] Dalam [[geografi]], '''ujut''' tauka '''tanjung''' nya ulu, semenanjung tauka promontori ti ngerembai ngagai ai, ke suah iya [[tasik]].{{Sfn|Whittow|1984}} Sebengkah ujut seruran iya ngayanka ubah ti tampak ba trend garis pantai, {{Sfn|Wright|Nichols|2018}} suah nyadika sida tanda ti beguna dalam pengawa ngelayang tasik. Tu mega ngasuh sida mudah kena tukuh pengerusak semula jadi, kelebih agi pengawa pasang surut, ngujungka timpuh idup geologi ti enda tentu lama. == Penumbuh == Ujut ulih ditempa ketegal gletser, bukit berapi, enggau ubah tikas tasik.{{Sfn|Wright|Nichols|2018}} Erosyen bejalaika tanggung pengawa ti besai dalam tiap-tiap chara penumbuh tu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Cape|url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/cape/|access-date=2024-08-24|website=education.nationalgeographic.org|language=en}}</ref> Penusah tusur tebing tasik ketegal gelumbang enggau arus ulih nempa tanjung nengah chara ngerusak batu ti lembut agi lalu ninggalka formasyen batu ti kering agi. Engkebut kerak Bumi ulih ngangkatka tanah, lalu nempa tanjung. Ambika chunto, Ujut Pengadang Manah ditumbuhka ketegal kuasa tektonik. Bukit berapi meletup ulih ngaga ujut nengah chara ngengkahka lava ti nyadi pejal nyadi gaya tanah baru. Ujut Verde, (ke mega dikelala enggau nama Cabo Verde) nya chunto ujut bukit berapi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-14|title=Cabo Verde - Trade, Fisheries, Tourism {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Cabo-Verde/Trade|access-date=2024-08-24|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Gletser ulih ngukir tanjung nengah chara ngerusak rampa menua lebuh sida mansang sereta surut. Ujut Cod di Amerika Serikat ditumbuhka ketegal aktiviti glasial maya Jeman Ais ke penudi.<ref name=":0" /> == Penyanding == {{reflist}} t2033wrdidj5m9ok3ad4629mm6sfisk 0 3837 13032 2025-06-13T11:12:06Z Song GK 9 Melencong ke [[Ujut]] 13032 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ujut]] s8fm2rip1wncoghe0qx17mfoujn22p3