Wikipedia ibawiki https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambar_Keterubah MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Spesyel Randau Penggena Randau penggena Wikipedia Randau Wikipedia Fail Randau fail MediaWiki Randau MediaWiki Templat Randau templat Bantu Randau bantu Kategori Randau kategori TimedText TimedText talk Modul Randau modul Acara Perbincangan acara 10 364 18654 913 2026-04-22T11:17:55Z EmausBot 90 Fixing double redirect from [[Templat:Infobox Korean name]] to [[Templat:Infobox Korean]] 18654 wikitext text/x-wiki #LENCONG [[Templat:Infobox Korean]] gxxoekufnqoosxczo9ys80i04qqsgbe 0 1148 18643 9401 2026-04-22T09:01:17Z Song GK 9 /* Penerang */ 18643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox continent |title = Amerika Selatan |image = South America (orthographic projection).svg |area = {{Convert|17840000 |km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} ([[Continent#Area and population|4th]]) |population = {{UN_Population|South America}} ({{UN_Population|Year}}; [[List of continents and continental subregions by population|5th]]){{UN_Population|ref}} |density = 21.4/km² (56.0/sq mi) |GDP_PPP = {{Nowrap|$7.61 trillion (2022 est; [[List of continents by GDP#Continents by GDP (PPP)|5th]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|title=GDP PPP, current prices|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122001107/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|url-status=live}}</ref>}} |GDP_nominal = $3.62 trillion (2022 est; [[List of continents by GDP#Continents by GDP (nominal)|4th]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=GDP Nominal, current prices|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=25 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225211431/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|url-status=live}}</ref> |GDP_per_capita = $8,340 (2022 est; [[List of continents by GDP#Continents by GDP per capita (nominal)|5th]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|title=Nominal GDP per capita|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=11 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111084550/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|url-status=live}}</ref> |religions = {{Unbulleted list | [[Religion in South America#Christianity|Christianity]] (90.0%)<ref name="Survey">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf|title=The Global Religious Landscape|publisher=Pewforum.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125173538/https://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf|access-date=7 May 2020|archive-date=25 January 2017}}</ref> | [[Irreligion|No religion]] (7.7%)<ref name="Survey"/> | [[Religion in South America|Other]] (2.3%)<ref name="Survey"/> }} |demonym = [[Demographics of South America|South American]] |countries = {{Collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America#Sovereign states|12–14]] | {{Flag|Argentina}} | {{Flag|Bolivia}} | {{Flag|Brazil}} | {{Flag|Chile}} | {{Flag|Colombia}} | {{Flag|Ecuador}} | {{Flag|Guyana}} | {{Flag|Panama}}{{Efn|Sometimes included. Depending on the [[List of transcontinental countries#North America and South America|definition of North America–South America boundary]], [[Panama]] could be classified as a [[transcontinental country]]. [[Panama]] is a member state of [[Atletismo Sudamericano]] and [[ODESUR]].}} | {{Flag|Paraguay}} | {{Flag|Peru}} | {{Flag|Suriname}} | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}{{Efn|Sometimes included. Physiographically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#Caribbean|a part]] of North America.|name="OI"}} | {{Flag|Uruguay}} | {{Flag|Venezuela}} }} |list_countries = |dependencies = {{Collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title = [[Dependent territory|External]] ([[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America#External territories|2–5]]) | {{Flag|Aruba}}{{Efn|Sometimes included. Physiographically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#Caribbean|a part]] of North America. [[Aruba]] is a member nation of [[ODESUR]].}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Bouvet Island}}{{Efn|Occasionally included. An isolated volcanic island near the boundary between the [[African Plate]] and the [[Antarctic Plate]], [[Bouvet Island]] is [[Antarctic realm|biogeographically]] and geologically [[List of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands#List of Antarctic islands north of 60° S|associated]] with [[Antarctica]]. Despite being closer to Antarctica and Africa geographically, the [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#South America|United Nations geoscheme]] has included Bouvet Island in South America instead.}} ([[Norway]]) | {{Flag|Curaçao}}{{Efn|Sometimes included. Physiographically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#Caribbean|a part]] of North America. [[Curaçao]] is a member nation of [[ODESUR]].}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Falkland Islands}} ([[United Kingdom]]) | {{Flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}}{{Efn|Geologically, [[South Georgia Island]] and the southernmost portion of mainland South America are both on the [[Scotia Plate]] while the [[South Sandwich Islands]] is on the nearby [[Sandwich Plate]]. [[Antarctic realm|Biogeographically]] and [[Antarctic Convergence|hydrologically]], [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] is [[List of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands#List of Antarctic islands north of 60° S|associated]] with [[Antarctica]]. The [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#South America|United Nations geoscheme]] has included the [[List of territorial disputes|disputed territory]] in South America.}} ([[United Kingdom]]) }} {{Collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] ([[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America#Internal territory|1–3]]) | {{Flag|Ascension Island}}{{Efn|Occasionally included. An isolated volcanic island on the [[South American Plate]], [[Ascension Island]] is geologically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for Africa#Western Africa|a part]] of Africa.}} ([[United Kingdom]]) | {{Flag|Bonaire}}{{Efn|name="OI"}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|French Guiana}} ([[France]]) }} |languages = {{Plainlist| * [[Spanish language|Spanish]] * [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] * [[English language|English]] * [[Dutch language|Dutch]] * [[French language|French]] * [[Aymara language|Aymara]] * [[Guarani language|Guaraní]] * [[Mapudungun]] * [[Quechua languages|Quechua]] * [[Wayuu language|Wayuu]] * [[Sranan Tongo]] * [[Languages of South America|Other languages]] }} |time = [[UTC−02:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]] |cities = {{Collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title = [[List of cities in South America|10 largest cities in South America]] (2015) | # {{Flagicon|Brazil}} [[São Paulo]] # {{Flagicon|Peru}} [[Lima]] # {{Flagicon|Colombia}} [[Bogotá]] # {{Flagicon|Brazil}} [[Rio de Janeiro]] # {{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Santiago]] # {{Flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Caracas]] # {{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Buenos Aires]] # {{Flagicon|Brazil}} [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]] # {{Flagicon|Brazil}} [[Brasília]] # {{Flagicon|Brazil}} [[Fortaleza]] }} |m49 = <code>005</code> – South America<br /><code>419</code> – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]<br /><code>019</code> – [[Americas]]<br /><code>001</code> – [[World]] }} [[Fail:SACN member states.jpg|thumb|[[United Nations geoscheme|Scheme for geographic regions and subregions]] used by the [[United Nations Statistics Division]]]] '''Amerika Selatan''' nya siti benua. Bisi dua benua ke ngena nama 'Amerika' ianya benua [[Amerika Utara]] enggau Amerika Selatan. Ari sejarah iya, [[Christopher Columbus]] dipechaya nyadi orang Eropah ke udah nemu benua Amerika. Suba, raban pelayar nyangka bumi ngembuan gamal sekeping papan lalu sesapa pelayar ke ngagai ujung dunya deka labuh. == Kereban sanding == <references /> [[Kategori:Amerika Selatan]] 4j406l7xjjs76yuypa9u0lq5033n8yf 0 1299 18646 13016 2026-04-22T09:30:39Z Song GK 9 18646 wikitext text/x-wiki {{About|negeri ba Amerika Serikat}} {{Infobox U.S. state | image_flag = Flag of California.svg | flag_alt = The flag shows a red stripe on the bottom in a white field, with a red star on the top left in the canton. In the center, a grizzly bear is on top of a mound of green grass on over the white field. Below it, text reads "CALIFORNIA REPUBLIC" in a Seal color. | name = California | image_seal = Seal of California.svg | flag_link = Flag of California | nickname = The Golden State<ref name="America's story California">{{Cite web |title=California |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/es/ca/es_ca_subj.html |access-date=July 3, 2020 |website=www.americaslibrary.gov}}</ref> | motto = "[[Eureka (word)#California|Eureka]]"<ref name="motto-symbols">{{Cite web |title=Chapter 2 of Division 2 of Title 1 of the California Government Code |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&division=2.&title=1.&part=&chapter=2.&article= |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref> | anthem = "[[I Love You, California]]"{{Break}}{{Center|[[Fail:"I Love You, California" - Regional anthem of California.ogg]]}} | image_map = California in United States.svg | OfficialLang = [[Templat:Official languages of U.S. states and territories|English]] | Languages = * [[California English|English]] only: 56.1% * [[Spanish language in California|Spanish]]: 28.3% * [[Languages of California|Others]]: 15.6%<ref name="Language">{{Cite web|title=Languages Spoken at Home|url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?text=Language&t=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home&g=0400000US06&y=2020&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1601|access-date=June 5, 2022|publisher= United States Census Bureau}}</ref> | population_demonym = Californian<br />[[Californio]] (archaic Spanish)<br />Californiano (Spanish) | LargestCity = [[Los Angeles]] | seat = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] | LargestMetro = [[Greater Los Angeles]] | area_rank = 3rd | area_total_sq_mi = 163,696 | area_total_km2 = 423,970 | width_mi = 250 | width_km = 400 | length_mi = 760 | length_km = 1,220 | area_water_percent = 4.7 | Latitude = 32°32′ N to 42° N | Longitude = 114°8′ W to 124°26′ W | population_rank = 1st | population_as_of = 2023 | 2010Pop = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 38,940,231<ref name=CaliforniaDecline2023/> | MedianHouseholdIncome = ${{Round|78672|-2}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Median Annual Household Income |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA,US/PST045218 |access-date=January 29, 2020 |website=The US Census Bureau}}</ref> | 2000DensityUS = 251.3 | 2000Density = 97 | population_density_rank = 11th | IncomeRank = [[List of U.S. states and territories by income#States and territories ranked by median household income|5th]] | elevation_max_point = [[Mount Whitney]]<ref name=Mount_Whitney/><ref name=USGS/>{{Refn|group=note|name=NAVD88}}{{Refn|group=note|The summit of [[Mount Whitney]] is the highest point in the [[Contiguous United States]].}} | elevation_max_ft = 14,505 | elevation_max_m = 4,421.0 | elevation_ft = 2,900 | elevation_m = 880 | elevation_min_point = [[Badwater Basin]]<ref name="NED">{{Cite web |date=September 21, 2015 |title=USGS National Elevation Dataset (NED) 1 meter Downloadable Data Collection from The National Map 3D Elevation Program (3DEP)—National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) National Elevation Data Set (NED) |url=https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/usgs-national-elevation-dataset-ned-1-meter-downloadable-data-collection-from-the-national-map- |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325085854/https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/usgs-national-elevation-dataset-ned-1-meter-downloadable-data-collection-from-the-national-map- |archive-date=March 25, 2019 |access-date=September 22, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]}}</ref> | elevation_min_m = −85.0 | elevation_min_ft = −279 | Former = [[Mexican Cession]] [[Interim government of California|unorganized territory]] | AdmittanceDate = [[An Act for the Admission of the State of California|{{Start date and age|1850|09|09}}]] | AdmittanceOrder = 31st | Governor = {{Nowrap|[[Gavin Newsom]] ([[California Democratic Party|D]])}} | Lieutenant Governor = {{Nowrap|[[Eleni Kounalakis]] (D)}} | Legislature = [[California State Legislature|State Legislature]] | Upperhouse = [[California State Senate|State Senate]] | Lowerhouse = [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]] | Judiciary = [[Supreme Court of California]] | Senators = [[Alex Padilla]] (D) <br /> [[Laphonza Butler]] (D) | Representative = {{Plainlist| * 40 [[California Democratic Party|Democrats]] * 12 [[California Republican Party|Republicans]] }} | timezone1 = [[Pacific Standard Time|PST]] | utc_offset1 = −08:00 | timezone1_DST = [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]] | utc_offset1_DST = −07:00 | iso_code = US-CA | postal_code = CA | TradAbbreviation = Calif., Cal., Cali. | website = https://ca.gov | area_land_km2 = 403,932 | area_land_sq_mi = 155,959 | area_water_km2 = 20,047 | area_water_sq_mi = 7,737 | Capital = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] | Representatives = }} {{Infobox region symbols|country=United States <!--before modifying these state symbols please verify your changes against official California Government Code sections 420-429.8, http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=00001-01000&file=420-429.8--> | state = California | image_flag = Flag of California.svg | image_seal = File:Seal of California.svg | mammal = {{Ubl | '''Land:''' [[California grizzly bear]] (state animal)<ref name="motto-symbols" /> | '''Marine:''' [[Gray whale]] }} | amphibian = [[California red-legged frog]] | bird = [[California quail]] | colors = [[Blue]] & [[Gold (color)|Gold]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Government Code § 424 |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=424. |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref>{{Force plural}} | dance = [[West Coast Swing]] | fish = {{Ubl | '''Fresh water:''' [[Golden trout]] | '''Marine:''' [[Garibaldi (fish)|Garibaldi]] }} | flower = [[Eschscholzia californica|California poppy]] | folk_dance = [[Square dance]] | fossil = [[Smilodon|Sabre-toothed cat]] | gemstone = [[Benitoite]] | grass = [[Nassella pulchra|Purple needlegrass]] | insect = [[Zerene eurydice|California dogface butterfly]] | mineral = [[Gold|Native gold]] | image_quarter = 2005 CA Proof.png | quarter_release_date = 2005 | reptile = [[Desert tortoise]] | tree = [[Sequoia sempervirens|Coast redwood]] & [[Sequoiadendron giganteum|giant sequoia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=California Government Code § 422 |url=http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV&sectionNum=422. |access-date=February 23, 2019 |website=[[California Office of Legislative Counsel]]}}</ref> | rock = [[Serpentine group|Serpentine]] | soil = [[San Joaquin (soil)|San Joaquin]] | sport = [[Surfing]] | tartan = [[California state tartan]] | image_route = California 1.svg | butterfly = | fruit = [[Avocado]] | vegetable = [[Artichoke]] | dinosaur = [[Augustynolophus]] | color = [[Blue]] & [[Gold]] | ship = [[Californian (schooner)|''Californian'']] | mushroom = [[Cantharellus californicus|California Golden Chanterelle]] }} '''California''' nya sebengkah nengeri ba Barat Amerika Serikat, ti bepalan ba Pantai Pasifik Amerika. Iya besempadan enggau [[Oregon]] ba utara, [[Nevada]] enggau [[Arizona]] ba timur, lalu garis entara menua entarabansa enggau nengeri [[Mexico]] iya nya Baja California ba selatan. Enggau penyampau tubuh 39{{Spaces}}juta iku<ref name=CaliforniaDecline2023 /> ba pemesai 163,696 batu persegi (423,970 km²),<ref name="2022 World Population by Country">{{Cite web | title=United States by Area | website=2022 World Population by Country | url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/states-by-area | access-date=December 17, 2022}}</ref> iya nya nengeri A.S ke pemadu mayuh mensia, ketiga pemadu besai nitihka pemesai, sereta entiti subnasional ke pemadu mayuh mensia di Amerika Utara. Kandang menua Greater Los Angeles enggau San Francisco Bay nyadi kandang mengeri kedua enggau kelima pemadu mayuh mensia di menua nya, enggau 19 juta enggau 10 juta iku peranak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=American FactFinder—Results |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124024658/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |access-date=October 24, 2017 |website=factfinder.census.gov |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> [[Los Angeles]] nyadi mengeri ke pemadu mayuh mensia di nengeri tu sereta kedua pemadu mayuh mensia di menua tu, pengudah New York. Indu nengeri California, Sacramento, bepalan ba Lembah Tengah. == Nota == <references group="note"/> == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} ke1ezr39eykluut0sysm2lywa40fk4h 0 1837 18652 14648 2026-04-22T09:57:25Z Song GK 9 18652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Orang China Malaysia | native_name = {{Lang|zh-Hans|马来西亚华人}} / {{Lang|zh-Hant|馬來西亞華人}}<br />Orang Cina Malaysia<br /> {{Lang|ta|மலேசிய சீனர்}} | image = Ethnic Chinese girls in Labuan with their traditional attire, 1945.jpg | image_upright = 1.2 | caption = Ethnic Chinese in traditional ''[[Shanku|samfu]]'' attire with [[umbrella]], {{Circa|1945}}. | population = '''6,892,367'''{{Sfn|Department of Statistics Malaysia|2020}}<br />'''22.8%''' of the Malaysian population (2022){{Sfn|Department of Statistics Malaysia|2021}} | popplace = '''{{Flag|Malaysia}}'''<br />[[Penang]], [[Kedah]], [[Perlis]], [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Perak]], [[Selangor]], [[Johor]], and [[Sarawak]] <br /> '''Significant diaspora in:''' <br />'''{{Flag|Australia}}'''<br />{{Flag|Christmas Island}}{{Sfn|Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development Australia|2016|p=2}}<br />'''{{Flag|Singapore}}''' (338,500 in 2010){{Sfn|Department of Statistics Singapore|2010|p=31}}<br />'''{{Flag|New Zealand}}'''{{NoteTag|Of the 8,820 Malaysian-born people resident in New Zealand in 1991, only 1,383 were [[Malaysian Malay|Malay]]; most of the rest were Chinese Malaysians. In the [[2013 New Zealand census]], 16,350 people were born in Malaysia. Of these, more than five-eighths gave their ethnicity as Chinese or Malaysian Chinese. The next most numerous were Malays, with smaller groups of [[Malaysian Indians|Indians]] and other [[Asian people]]s.{{Sfn|Walrond|2015}}}}<br />'''{{Flag|United States}}'''<br />'''{{Flag|Kanada}}'''<br />'''{{Flag|United Kingdom}}'''<br />'''{{Flag|Taiwan}}'''<br />'''{{Flag|HK|name=Hong Kong}}'''<ref>[https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/society/article/3003797/why-are-so-many-malaysians-penang-settling-hong-kong About 15,000 Malaysians now live in Hong Kong, according to the Consulate-General. Though the Consulate does not record what state they come from, Penangites are widely thought to be the largest group in the city.]</ref>'''<br/>{{Flag|Mainland China}}'''<br/> | languages = [[Jaku Mandarin Malaysia|Mandarin]] (lingua franca), [[Jaku Melayu|Melayu]] and [[Jaku Inggeris Malaysia|Inggeris]] nyadi medium komunikasyen di sekula enggau perintah<br>''Mothertongue languages'': [[Jaku Hokkien|Hokkien]], [[Jaku Kanton]], [[Jaku Hakka|Hakka]], [[Teochew dialect|Teochew]], [[Fuzhou dialect|Fuzhou]], [[Hainanese]], [[Taishanese]] enggau [[Puxian dialect|Henghua]]; [[Manglish]] (creole) | religions = '''Pengambis mayuh'''<br/>[[Mahayana|Buddha Mahāyāna]] enggau [[Taoisme]] ([[Pengara asal China]]) • sekeda [[Kristian]] ([[Roman Katolik]], [[Protestan]]) • Enda bepengarap<br/>'''Minoriti'''<br/>[[Islam]] • [[Hindu]] | related_groups = [[Orang China Brunei|China Brunei]]{{·}}[[Orang China Singapura|China Singapura]]{{·}}[[Orang China Indonesia|China Indonesia]]{{·}}[[Orang China Filipina]]{{·}}[[Thai Chinese]]{{·}}[[Peranakans]]{{·}}[[Sino-Natives]]{{·}}[[Overseas Chinese]] }} {{Infobox Chinese | t = {{Linktext|馬來西亞|華人|lang=zh}} | s = {{Linktext|马来西亚|华人|lang=zh}} | poj = Má-lâi-se-a Hôa-jîn | p = Mǎláixīyà Huárén | w = {{Tone superscript|Ma3-lai2-hsi1-ya4 Hua2-jen2}} | tp = Mǎ-lái-si-yà Huá-rén | mi = {{IPA|cmn|màlǎiɕíjâ xwǎɻə̌n|}} | bpmf = ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄞˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄖㄣˊ | j = Maa5 loi4 sai1 aa3 Waa4 jan4 | y = Máhlòihsāia Wàhyàhn | gd = Ma⁵ loi¹ sei¹ a³ Wa¹ yen¹ | ci = {{IPA-yue|ma̬ːlɔ́ːysɐ́i.āː wáː.jɐ́n}} | t2 = {{Linktext|馬來西亞|華僑|lang=zh}} | s2 = {{Linktext|马来西亚|华侨|lang=zh}} | poj2 = Má-lâi-se-a Hôa-kiâu | p2 = Mǎláixīyà Huáqiáo | w2 = {{Tone superscript|Ma3-lai2-hsi1-ya4 Hua2-ch'iao2}} | tp2 = Mǎ-lái-si-yà Huá-ciáo | mi2 = {{IPA|cmn|màlǎiɕíjâ xwǎ.tɕʰjǎu}} | bpmf2 = ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄞˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄑㄧㄠˊ | j2 = Maa5 loi4 sai1 aa3 Waa4 kiu4 | y2 = Máhlòihsāia Wàhkìuh | gd2 = Ma⁵ loi¹ sei¹ a³ Wa¹ kiu¹ | ci2 = {{IPA-yue|ma̬ːlɔ́ːysɐ́i.āː wáː.kʰiːú}} | t3 = {{Linktext|馬來西亞|唐人|lang=zh}} | s3 = {{Linktext|马来西亚|唐人|lang=zh}} | poj3 = Má-lâi-se-a Tn̂g-Lâng | j3 = Maa5 loi4 sai1 aa3 Tong4 jan4 | y3 = Máhlòihsāia Tòhngyàhn }} '''Orang China Malaysia''', tauka '''Sino-Malaysia''' iya nya peranak Malaysia raban bansa [[China Han]]. Sida tu nyadi raban bansa kedua pemadu mayuh di [[Malaysia]], pengudah bansa majoriti [[Orang Melayu Malaysia|Melayu]], lalu nyadi 22.8% ari semua penyampau tubuh peranak Malaysia. Diatu, bansa China Malaysia nyadi komuniti China Luar Menua kedua pemadu besai di dunya, pengudah bansa China Thailand. Raban bansa China Malaysia ngetanka penatai ti signifikan sereta besai dalam sektor dagang ekonomi Malaysia. == Nota == <references group="note"/> == Kereban sanding == <references /> [[Kategori:Raban bansa ba Malaysia]] dh8in3o29up2elcf6j3i8wn8zaatej7 0 1897 18653 6669 2026-04-22T11:17:45Z EmausBot 90 Fixing double redirect from [[Pengawa Bepilih Mit Jepak 2023]] to [[Pengawa bepilih mit Jepak 2023]] 18653 wikitext text/x-wiki #LENCONG [[Pengawa bepilih mit Jepak 2023]] 5zul0ijaw8owc6njlmpn2xgop257uo4 0 1899 18648 15325 2026-04-22T09:37:25Z Song GK 9 /* Penyanding */ 18648 wikitext text/x-wiki Bintang beguna amat ba pengawa besai baka bumai enggau pengawa bukai bansa Iban. Kalender bulan Iban nitihka ba "[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Sea_Dyak_Dictionary/A#radical220 Apai andau]" (bintang Pleiades) enggau "bintang tiga" (tiga bintang ba belulang Orion).<ref>Ammarell, G. (2008). Astronomy in the Indo‐Malay Archipelago. In: Selin, H. (eds) Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures. Springer, Dordrecht. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4425-0_8462 10.1007/978-1-4020-4425-0_8462]</ref><ref>Chalmers, J. (1997). Birth and Death of a critical tradition in Iban knowledges. Dialectical Anthropology. Lambar 170. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/29790452 JSTOR]</ref><ref name="Computingtime"/> Kena musim nanam, dua iku orang deka dianjung ngagai utan ninting hari ngiga tanda. Udah bekau timpuh, lebuh tanda nya udah betul, bintang Pleiades niki sebedau pagi reti pengawa umai baru. Sida patut tembu nebas utan sebedau angkat bintang Orion masa pagi enti enda asil utai tanam deka enda manah. Lelaki ngereja pengawa nebang kayu, lalu indu ngereja pengawa narit lalang. Semina lebuh Pleiades ba pun sebedau pagi sida deka mutuska sekalika deka betunu sereta nabur. Nengah tengah hari, lebuh angin benung bepuput lalu angin kering, sida deka ngena chara khas dikena ngetanka angin. Udah nya, api ditunu ba kayu mati.<ref name="Computingtime">[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_Straits_Branch_of_the_Royal_Asiatic_Society/Volume_42/Various_Methods_of_Computing_the_Time_for_Planting_among_the_Races_of_Borneo Various Methods of Computing the Time for Planting among the Races of Borneo] Lambar 1-5. Dikeluarka Journal of the Straits Branch of Royal Asiatic Society ba taun 1905 ba Wikibunsu Jaku Inggeris.</ref><ref name="Appendix">[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Sea_Dyak_Dictionary/Appendix Appendix—III. Pasal Bumai—Concerning Paddy Farming.] Lambar 4. Dikeluarka A Sea Dyak Dictionary ba taun 1900 ba Wikibunsu Jaku Inggeris.</ref> Planetarium Sultan Iskandar bepalan ba Kuching udah dibuka ngagai mensia mayuh kena 1 Mac 1989 tu tadi.<ref>{{cite news|title=King and Queen to visit Sarawak|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1309&dat=19890117&id=Y6omAAAAIBAJ&pg=6899,281017&hl=en|access-date=25 December 2015|work=[[New Straits Times]]|date=17 January 1989|quote=The king will then visit the Dewan Suarah Complex here to open a Planetarium.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Bekunsi penemu astronomi ba Hari Astronomi Sedunya, 28 Mei|url=https://www.theborneopost.com/2011/05/21/bekunsi-penemu-astronomi-ba-hari-astronomi-sedunya-28-mei/|access-date=14 December 2024|work=The Borneo Post|date=21 May 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612213747/https://www.theborneopost.com/2011/05/21/bekunsi-penemu-astronomi-ba-hari-astronomi-sedunya-28-mei/|archivedate=12 June 2021}}</ref> Premier Sarawak Abang Johari madahka ba taun 2021, meransang pengawa astronomi laban ulih meri penguntung jemah ila.<ref>[https://thesun.my/local_news/sarawak-to-expand-study-of-astronomy-to-generate-economic-benefits-abang-johari-DM8394104 Sarawak to expand the study of astronomy to generate economic benefits - Abang Johari] Dikeluarka 24 September 2021. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20231205032109/https://thesun.my/local_news/sarawak-to-expand-study-of-astronomy-to-generate-economic-benefits-abang-johari-DM8394104 5 Disember 2023]</ref> Sarawak numbuhka begunan astronomi Islam bepalan ba Miri enggau Bintulu nyentuk 2022. Sarawak deka numbuhka begunan astronomi Islam bepalan Kuching jemah ila.<ref>[https://www.theborneopost.com/2022/12/09/swak-allocates-rm107-mln-to-build-new-islamic-astronomy-centre-in-kuching/ S’wak allocates RM107 mln to build new Islamic astronomy centre in Kuching] Dikeluarka 9 December 2022. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20221212031106/https://www.theborneopost.com/2022/12/09/swak-allocates-rm107-mln-to-build-new-islamic-astronomy-centre-in-kuching/ 12 Disember 2022]</ref> Raban Change Maker SMK Bintulu ti udah diaku nyadi pemenang global ba Cabaran NASA Space Apps 2021.<ref>[https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2023/08/19/meitd-dekaka-penyereta-nyengkaum-ari-menua-pesisir-universiti-enggau-space-apps-sarawak MEITD dekaka penyereta nyengkaum ari menua pesisir, universiti enggau 'Space Apps Sarawak'] Dikeluarka Utusan Borneo ba 19 Ogos 2023. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20231223092015/https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2023/08/19/meitd-dekaka-penyereta-nyengkaum-ari-menua-pesisir-universiti-enggau-space-apps-sarawak 23 Disember 2023]</ref> ==Peda mega== *[[Pengawa bilun ba Sarawak]] ==Kereban sanding== <references/> 013drjacuadogrvpz26bjaiutqre5vn 0 1972 18642 11404 2026-04-22T09:00:44Z Song GK 9 /* Penyanding */ 18642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Riman | image = Tumor Mesothelioma2 legend.jpg | caption = A coronal [[CT scan]] showing a malignant [[mesothelioma]]<br />Legend: →&nbsp;[[tumor]]&nbsp;←, ✱&nbsp;central [[pleural effusion]], 1 & 3&nbsp;[[lung]]s, 2&nbsp;[[Vertebral column|spine]], 4&nbsp;[[rib]]s, 5&nbsp;[[aorta]], 6&nbsp;[[spleen]], 7 & 8&nbsp;[[kidney]]s, 9&nbsp;[[liver]] | field = [[Oncology]] | synonyms = Kanser, [[Neoplasma|Tumor]] [[malignan]] , [[neoplasma]] malignan | pronounce = {{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-cancer.ogg|ˈ|k|æ|n|s|ər}} | symptoms = Lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained [[weight loss]], change in [[bowel movement]]s<ref name=NHS2012 /> | complications = | onset = | duration = | causes = | risks = Exposure to [[carcinogen]]s, tobacco, [[obesity]], poor [[Diet (nutrition)|diet]], [[lack of physical activity]], excessive [[Alcohol (drug)|alcohol]], certain infections<ref name=WHO2018 /><ref name=Enviro2008 /> | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = [[Radiation therapy]], surgery, [[chemotherapy]], [[targeted therapy]]<ref name=WHO2018 /><ref name=TCT2018 /> | medication = | prognosis = Average [[five-year survival]] 66% (USA)<ref name=Seer2014 /> | frequency = 24 million annually (2019)<ref name="kocarnik">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, etal | title = Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 | journal = JAMA Oncology | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 420–444 | date = March 2022 | pmid = 34967848 | pmc = 8719276 | doi = 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987 |issn = 2374-2437}}</ref> | deaths = 10 million annually (2019)<ref name=kocarnik /> }} '''Riman (tau mega dikumbai kanser)''' tu seraban penyakit ti ngaul penumbuh sel ti enda normal enggau potensial nyerang tauka ngerekai ngagai bagi tubuh bukai.<ref>[https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer Cancer] Gerempung Pengerai Sedunya. Diarkib maya 3 Februari 2022, diambi maya 6 Julai 2024.</ref> Tu bebida enggau tumor benign, ti enda ngerembai.<ref name=":0">[https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/what-is-cancer Defining Cancer] National Cancer Institute. 17 September 2007. Diambi maya 6 Julai 2024.</ref>Tanda enggau simptom ke tau nyadi nyengkaum bisi betu, bedarah enda normal, batuk lama, berat tubuh nurun enda ditemu kebuah, sereta ubah ba pengawa buang air besar. Taja pan tanda-tanda tu engka nunjukka kanser, tang iya mega tau bisi kebuah bukai. Lebih 100 bansa kanser nuntung mensia<ref name=":0" /> == Kereban sanding == <references /> obghhq0mfjol2e2hobidv0ps4gwk1oi 0 2081 18645 12548 2026-04-22T09:13:53Z Song GK 9 /* Penyanding */ 18645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Sungai Shannon | native_name ={{Native name|ga|Abhainn na Sionainne}} | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = River Shannon from Drumsna bridge.jpg | image_size = 240 | image_caption = River Shannon from [[Drumsna]] bridge, County Leitrim | image_alt = | map = River Shannon watershed.png | map_size = 250 | map_caption = River Shannon watershed ([https://mghydro.com/watersheds/shared/A56884.html Interactive map]) | map_alt = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | pushpin_map_alt = | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] | subdivision_type2 = Counties | subdivision_name2 = [[County Cavan|Cavan]], [[County Leitrim|Leitrim]], [[County Longford|Longford]], [[County Roscommon|Roscommon]], [[County Westmeath|Westmeath]], [[County Offaly|Offaly]], [[County Tipperary|Tipperary]], [[County Galway|Galway]], [[County Clare|Clare]], [[County Limerick|Limerick]], [[County Kerry|Kerry]] <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{Convert|360|km}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = {{Convert|300|m3/s}} <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = [[Shannon Pot]] | source1_location = [[Glangevlin]], [[Cuilcagh Mountain]], County Cavan | source1_coordinates= {{Coord|54.235|N|7.92|W|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = 100 | mouth = [[Shannon Estuary]] | mouth_location = [[Limerick]] | mouth_coordinates = {{Coord|52.657|N|8.66|W|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | basin_landmarks = | basin_population = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | waterbodies = | waterfalls = | bridges = | ports = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=6 |height=250 | stroke-width=1.5 |coord {{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}} }} '''Sungai Shannon''' ({{Lang-ga|Abhainn na Sionainne}}, ''{{Lang|ga|an tSionainn}}'', ''{{Lang|ga|an tSionna}}'') nya siti sungai ti besai ba [[Ireland]], lalu enggau pemanjai {{Convert|360|km|mi|0|abbr= in}},<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.osi.ie/Education/Primary-Schools/Seniors/Mountains,-Rivers-Lakes-%281%29.aspx|publisher= [[Ordnance Survey Ireland]]|title= Primary Seniors – Mountains, Rivers & Lakes|access-date= 28 May 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140529051622/http://www.osi.ie/Education/Primary-Schools/Seniors/Mountains,-Rivers-Lakes-%281%29.aspx|archive-date= 29 May 2014|url-status= dead}}</ref> sungai tu nyadi sungai ke pemadu panjai ba Kepulauan British.<ref name="BI1">{{Cite book |last1=Feeley |first1=Hugh B. |title=ESManage Project: Irish Freshwater Resources and Assessment of Ecosystem Services Provision |last2=Bruen |first2=Michael |last3=Bullock |first3=Craig |last4=Christie |first4=Mike |last5=Kelly |first5=Fiona |last6=Kelly-Quinn |first6=Mary |publisher=EPA |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-84095-699-3 |volume=Report No. 207 |pages=Section 3.1.2}}</ref><ref name="BI2">{{Cite book |last=Dobrzynski |first=Jan |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nFAdDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT6 |title=River Severn: From Source to Sea |date=2016 |publisher=Amberley Publishing |chapter=Introduction |isbn=9781445649054 |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> Iya nguras Lembangan Sungai Shannon, ti ngembuan pemesai {{Convert|16900|km2|sqmi|0|abbr= on}},<ref>{{Cite book|title= Biology and Management of European Eel (''Anguilla anguilla'', L) in the Shannon Estuary, Ireland|chapter-url= http://europeaneel.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/chapter-2-study-area.pdf|chapter= Chapter 2: Study Area|access-date= 7 September 2014|archive-date= 7 September 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140907173249/http://europeaneel.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/chapter-2-study-area.pdf|url-status= live}}</ref> – kira-kira seperlima ari pemesai menua Ireland. Dikelala nyadi jalai ai ti beguna kenyau ari jeman kelia, Sungai Shannon keterubah iya ayan dalam kar ulih pakar geografi Graeco-Mesir Ptolemy (kira-kira 100 – kira-kira 170 AD). Sungai tu suah agi nelusur ke selatan ari Shannon Pot di County Cavan sebedau bepusin ke barat lalu mansutka diri ngagai Tasik Atlantik nengah Estuari Shannon ke ngembuan pemanjai {{Convert|102.1|km|mi|abbr= on}}.<ref name="Facts">{{Cite web|title= Facts|url= http://www.osi.ie/Education/Secondary-Schools/Teacher-Resources/Facts-%281%29.aspx|publisher= [[Ordnance Survey Ireland]]|access-date= 9 September 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140911001931/http://www.osi.ie/Education/Secondary-Schools/Teacher-Resources/Facts-%281%29.aspx|archive-date= 11 September 2014|url-status= live}}</ref> Mengeri Limerick bediri ba endur ai sungai betemu enggau ai tasik muara. Shannon nya pasang surut ba timur Limerick nyentuk ngagai pangkalan tekat ai Ardnacrusha.<ref> {{Cite journal |title= Going through Ardnacrusha|journal= Inland Waterways News |issue= Summer 2001 – Volume 28 Number 2 |publisher= [[Inland Waterways Association of Ireland]] |url= http://iwn.iwai.ie/v28i2/guide2.PDF|access-date= 9 September 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053029/http://iwn.iwai.ie/v28i2/guide2.PDF |archive-date= 4 March 2016|url-status= dead }} </ref> Tiya Shannon magi barat Ireland (keterubah iya pelilih menua Connacht) ari timur enggau selatan (Leinster enggau sebagi besai Munster; County Clare, nyadi barat Shannon tang sebagi ari pelilih menua Munster, nyadi pengecuali ti besai.) Sungai ngarika sekat fizikal ti besai entara timur enggau barat, enggau kurang ari tiga puluh lima endur betengahka entara kampung Dowra di utara enggau mengeri [[Limerick]] di selatan. == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} 7h7nhevg1qjafxqhpds37hw5ofogkb1 0 2186 18651 10868 2026-04-22T09:49:14Z Song GK 9 /* Penyanding */ 18651 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox drink | name = Wiski Ireland | image = GoodIrishWhiskeys.jpg | image_size = 222px | caption = Three Irish whiskeys: [[Knappogue Castle Irish Whiskey|Knappogue Castle]], [[Jameson Irish Whiskey|Jameson]], and [[Old Bushmills Distillery|Bushmills]] | abv = 40–94.8% | origin = [[Ireland]] | type = [[Liquor|Distilled beverage]] | proof = 80–189.6° | colour = Pale gold to dark amber | flavour = smooth, sharp, hint of [[vanilla]] | variants = {{Ubl|Pot Still Irish Whiskey|Malt Irish Whiskey|Grain Irish Whiskey|Blended Irish Whiskey}} | related = * [[Scotch whisky]] * [[English whisky]] * [[Welsh whisky]] | ingredients = [[Malt]], water | introduced = 13th–15th century }} '''Wiski Ireland''' ({{Lang-ga|Fuisce}} tauka ''uisce beatha'') nya wiski ke digaga ba pulau [[Ireland]]. Leka jaku wiski datai ari leka jaku Ireland {{Lang|ga|uisce beatha}}, ke mai reti ''ai pengidup''.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Whiskey' and 'Whisky' and Alchemy|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/whiskey-and-whisky-and-alchemy|access-date=2021-02-18|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Micallef|first=Joseph V.|title=Is It Whisky Or Whiskey And Why It Matters|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joemicallef/2018/05/17/is-it-whisky-or-whiskey-and-why-it-matters/|access-date=2021-02-18|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sood|first=Suemedha|title=A guide to the lingo and history of whiskey|url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20110318-travelwise-a-guide-to-the-lingo-and-history-of-whiskey|access-date=2021-02-18|website=bbc.com|language=en}}</ref> Wiski Ireland kala nyadi spirit ke tebilang ba serata dunya, taja pan timpuh ti lama nurun ari ujung abad ke-19 ke atas balat ngerusak industri,<ref name="highspirits2">{{Cite news | url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/distillers-in-high-spirits-as-the-whiskey-sector-enters-golden-era-1.1587330| title=Distillers in high spirits as the whiskey sector enters golden era| date=8 November 2013| author=Barry O'Halloran| website=irishtimes.com| access-date=8 November 2013}}</ref> naka nya taja pan Ireland ngembuan pengabis mimit 28 buah kilang penyulingan dalam taun 1890-an, tang ba taun 1966 penyampau tu udah nurun ngagai semina dua buah aja, lalu ba taun 1972 kilang penyulingan ke agi tinggal, Kilang Penyulingan Bushmills enggau Kilang Penyulingan Old Midleton (diganti enggau Kilang Penyulingan New Midleton empu baru udah), siti kompeni, Penyuling Ireland. Situasyen monopoli nya diujungka enggau pengawa ngelancharka kilang penyulingan baru keterubah dalam beberapa dekad, Cooley Distillery, dalam taun 1987 ti diperambu akademik.<ref name="AFR">{{Cite news |last1=Allan |first1=M. Carrie |title=Irish whiskey is back from the abyss – and booming. Here's why. |url=https://www.afr.com/life-and-luxury/food-and-wine/irish-whiskey-is-back-from-the-abyss--and-booming-heres-why-20180309-h0x8hd |access-date=30 October 2020 |work=The Australian Financial Review |date=16 March 2018 |quote=So did John Teeling, who in the late 1980s, after years of planning and work, ended Irish Distillers' longtime monopoly when he launched Cooley Distillery.}}</ref> Kenyau ari taun 1990, wiski Ireland udah meda pengerembai populariti lalu nyadi semengat ke pemadu jampat mansang ba dunya ninting taun kenyau ari nya. Nengah eksport ti majak nambah lebih 15% setaun, kilang penyulingan ke udah bisi udah ditambah lalu sekeda kilang penyulingan baru digaga. Naka bulan Disember 2019 Ireland bisi 32 buah kilang penyulingan ke benung beoperasyen, enggau mayuh agi sekalika diperambu tauka benung dikemansang.<ref name="IWA1">{{Cite web | url=https://twitter.com/IrishWhiskeyAsc/status/1138445908562104320| title=Congratulations to IWA member @DiageoIreland...| last=Association| first=Irish Whiskey| date=2019-06-11| website=@IrishWhiskeyAsc| language=en| access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref> == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} rxzvmz27xij5q9lg54mt3ztp90tnigs 0 2201 18644 9757 2026-04-22T09:01:55Z Song GK 9 /* Malin */ 18644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement--> | settlement_type = City | official_name = | nickname = Pearl of the Aegean<br />{{Small|({{Lang-tr|Ege'nin İncisi}})}} | timezone = [[Time in Turkey|TRT]] | utc_offset = +3 | map_caption = Location of İzmir within Turkey | image_skyline = {{Multiple image|total_width=280px|perrow=1/2/2/1|border=infobox | image1 = A panoramic view of the Alsancak quarter in Izmir.jpg | alt1 = Alsancak quarter in the Konak district of İzmir | caption1 = [[Alsancak]] quarter in the [[Konak, İzmir|Konak]] district | image2 = TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img30_Konak_Clock_Tower.jpg | alt2 = İzmir Clock Tower | caption2 = [[İzmir Clock Tower]] | image3 = Asansor From Ground Level Izmir Turkey.jpg | alt3 = Asansör in İzmir | caption3 = [[Asansör]] | image4 = Konak Pier 03.jpg | alt4 = Konak Pier in İzmir | caption4 = [[Konak Pier]] | image5 = TR Izmir asv2020-02 img26 Kültürpark.jpg | alt5 = Kültürpark | caption5 = [[Kültürpark]] | image6 = Skyscrapers in Izmir - Turkey.jpg | alt6 = | caption6 = skyscrapers in [[Bayraklı]] }} | image_alt = See caption | image_caption = | imagesize = 300px | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = Emblem of İzmir Metropolitan Municipality | blank_emblem_size = 80px | subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] | subdivision_name = {{Flag|Turkey}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Turkey|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Aegean Region|Aegean]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Turkey|Province]] | subdivision_name2 = [[İzmir Province|İzmir]] | seat_type = [[Capital town]] | seat = [[Konak, İzmir|Konak]] <small>(de facto; Turkish metropolises have no official capital towns)</small> | leader_title = [[Municipal president|Mayor]] | leader_name = [[Cemil Tugay]] | leader_party = [[Republican People's Party|CHP]] | established_title = Earliest known settlement | established_date = {{Circa|6500 BC}} ([[Yeşilova Höyük|Yeşilova Mound]] in [[Bornova]] district) | established_title1 = Founded | established_date1 = {{Circa|11th century BC}} (as ancient [[Smyrna]]) | area_total_km2 = 12012 | area_urban_km2 = 919 | area_metro_km2 = 2259 | population_as_of = 31/12/2019 estimation<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/turkey/admin/|title = Turkey: Administrative Division (Provinces and Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref> | population_total = 4367251 | population_urban = 2965900 | population_metro = 3209179 | population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik-population>{{Cite web |title=Population of Province/District Centers, Towns/Villages by Provinces and Districts and Annual Growth Rate Of Population |url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=2305 |publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]] |access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref><ref name=izmir-stats>{{Cite web |title=İstatistiklerle İzmir |url=http://www.izmir.gov.tr/istatistiklerle-izmir |website=T.C. İzmir Valiliği |access-date=26 April 2019 |archive-date=20 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820033503/http://www.izmir.gov.tr/istatistiklerle-izmir |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=density>{{Cite web |title=Population of Province / District Centers and Towns / Villages by Province and Sex, Population Density by Province |url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=943 |publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]] |access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref> | population_density_urban_km2 = 4761 | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_demonym = {{Lang-en|Izmirian}}<br />{{Lang-tr|İzmirli}} | demographics_type2 = GDP | demographics2_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts |url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/ilgosterge/?locale=tr |access-date=11 May 2023 |website=www.turkstat.gov.tr}}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = City | demographics2_info1 = [[Turkish lira|₺]] 462 billion<br />[[US$]] 51 billion (2021) | demographics2_title2 = Per capita | demographics2_info2 = ₺ 104,791<br />US$ 11,668 (2021) | elevation_m = 2 | pushpin_map = Turkey | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Turkey | pushpin_mapsize = 280px | coordinates = {{Coord|38.42|N|27.14|E|region:TR|display=it}} | postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] | postal_code = 35xxx | blank_info = 35 | blank_name = [[Turkish car number plates|Licence&nbsp;plate]] | area_code = (+90) 232 | website = [http://www.izmir.bel.tr/ www.izmir.bel.tr]<br />[http://www.izmir.gov.tr/ www.izmir.gov.tr] | name = İzmir | image_flag = }} '''İzmir''' iya nya sebengkah nengeri metropolitan ba tebing tasik barat [[Anatolia]], lalu indu nengeri [[Provinsi İzmir]]. Iya nyadi mengeri ketiga pemadu mayuh mensia di Turki, pengudah [[Istanbul]] enggau [[Ankara]], sereta aglomerasyen mengeri pemadu besai ba [[Tasik Aegean]]. Ba taun 2019, nengeri İzmir ngembuan penyampau tubuh 2,965,900 iku, lalu Provinsi İzmir ngembuan penyampau tubuh 4,367,251 iku.<ref name="tuik-population" /><ref name="izmir-stats" /> Kandang endur ke udah digaga (tauka metro) iya nya endur 3,209,179 iku orang diau. Iya ngerembai ba sepemanjai ai luar [[Teluk İzmir]] enggau dalam menua ke utara meraka [[Delta Sungai Gediz]]; ke timur sepemanjai tanah rata aluvium ti ditempa beberapa buah batang ai mit; enggau ngagai tanah ti kasar mimit ba selatan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Izmir|title=İzmir {{!}} Turkey|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-04-02}}</ref> == Nota == {{Notelist}} == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="ntv1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.ntv.com.tr/galeri/n-life/kultur-ve-sanat/dar-gelirli-ailelerin-cocuklarindan-olusanbaris-cocuk-senfoni-orkestrasi-buyuyor,nm75cz-Kb0ySIH25o0YOag/XisadIb2zE2xTuFNpWPUDw |newspaper=[[NTV (Turkey)|NTV]] |title=Dar gelirli ailelerin çocuklarından oluşan Barış Çocuk Senfoni Orkestrası büyüyor |date=1 May 2022 |language=tr |accessdate=29 January 2023 }}</ref> }} == Bacha ke silik agi == * Atay, Çinar. "Once upon a Time, İzmir", ''Skyline'' (Istanbul), no. 172 (Nov. 1997), pp.&nbsp;62–64, 66, 68, [70], 72. ''N.B.'': Amply ill. with reproductions of 19th-century black and white photos. *{{Cite book|title = Ancient Civilizations and Ruins of Turkey: From Prehistoric Times Until the End of the Roman Empire |isbn=0710307764|author=[[Ekrem Akurgal]]|publisher=[[Kegan Paul]]|year= 2002}} *{{Cite book|title = Smyrna September 1922 |isbn=978-0-06-225989-9|date=2015 |author=Lou Ureneck|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]}} *{{Cite book |title=Aegean Turkey: An archaeological guide |isbn=978-0-510-03200-5 |date=1967 |author=George E. Bean |publisher=Ernest Benn, [[London]] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/aegeanturkey0000bean }} *{{Cite book|title = Ancient Smyrna: A History of the City from the Earliest Times to 324 A.D. |author=Cecil John Cadoux|publisher=[[Blackwell Publishing]]|year=1938}} *{{Cite book|title = İzmir and the Levantine world (1550–1650)|isbn=0-295-96932-6 |date=2000 |author=Daniel Goffman|publisher=[[University of Washington]]}} *{{Cite book|title = Historic Cities of the Islamic World, ''İzmir'' pp. 218–221 |isbn=978-90-04-15388-2 |date=2008 | author= C. Edmund Bosworth | publisher=[[Brill Academic Publishers]]}} * Philip Mansel, ''Levant: Splendour and Catastrophe on the Mediterranean'', London, John Murray, 11 November 2010, hardback, 480 pages, {{ISBN|978-0-7195-6707-0}}, New Haven, Yale University Press, 24 May 2011, hardback, 470 pages, {{ISBN|978-0-300-17264-5}} *Ilias Chrissochoidis, [https://www.ahifworld.net/uploads/1/1/7/1/117198244/3_the_burning_of_smyrna.pdf "The Burning of Smyrna: H. C. Jaquith's Report to Admiral Bristol,"] ''American Journal of Contemporary Hellenic Issues'' 14 (Summer 2023). == Laman web ke bukai == {{Commons}} * [http://www.izmir.com.tr/Default.aspx?language=en İzmir City Portal] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190623091805/http://www.visitizmir.org/en Visit İzmir] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623091805/http://www.visitizmir.org/en |date=2019-06-23 }} 6o1uzdqrfckg1wpr07ba25eoyz3pjtv 0 3127 18647 11174 2026-04-22T09:32:09Z Song GK 9 /* Penyanding */ 18647 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox airport|name=Padang Bilun Long Akah|nativename=<small>''Lapangan Terbang Long Akah''</small>|image=|IATA=LKH|ICAO=WBGL|type=Rama|owner=|operator=[[Malaysia Airports Berhad]]|city-served=[[Long Akah]], [[Sarawak]], [[Malaysia]]|Location=|timezone=[[Time in Malaysia|MST]]|utc=[[UTC+08:00]]|elevation-f=289|coordinates={{coord|03|18|47|N|114|46|59|E|region:MY|display=inline,title}}|pushpin_map=Malaysia East|pushpin_map_caption=Location in East Malaysia|pushpin_label=WBGL|website=|metric-rwy=y|r1-number=03/21|r1-length-m=680|r1-surface=[[Bitumen]]|footnotes=Source: [[Aeronautical Information Publication|AIP]] Malaysia<ref name=AIP>[http://aip.dca.gov.my/aip%20pdf/AD/AD4/Index%20To%20Aerodromes.pdf AIP Malaysia: Index to Aerodromes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722232921/http://aip.dca.gov.my/aip%20pdf/AD/AD4/Index%20To%20Aerodromes.pdf |date=2011-07-22 }} at Department of Civil Aviation Malaysia</ref>}}'''Padang Bilun Long Akah''' (IATA: '''LKH''', ICAO: '''WBGL''') nya siti padang bilun ti meri servis ngagai Long Akah di [[Sarawak]], [[Malaysia]]. == Kompeni penerebai bilun enggau palan tuju == {{Airport destination list|[[MASwings]]|[[Marudi Airport|Marudi]], [[Miri Airport|Miri]]}} == Peda mega ==   * Rintai padang bilun di Malaysia == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist}} == Laman web ke bukai == * [http://www.malaysiaairports.com.my/index.php?ch=17&pg=55&ac=190 Padang Bilun Terengkah enggau Bedarat Pandak (STOL)] ba Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad [[Kategori:Padang bilun ba Sarawak]] 16vnasovhj3akit0ew02xtpws68dbcd 0 3598 18657 16932 2026-04-22T11:44:35Z Changkir Langkau 674 18657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|name=Cupcakke|image=Cupcakke in 2022.jpg|caption=Cupcakke in 2022|birth_name=Elizabeth Eden Harris|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1997|5|31}}|birth_place=[[Chicago, Illinois]], U.S.|genre={{hlist|[[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/cupcakke/1048655899|title=cupcakKe on Apple Music|via=[[Apple Music]]|language=en-ca|access-date=October 13, 2019|archive-date=September 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919120533/https://music.apple.com/ca/artist/cupcakke/1048655899|url-status=live}}</ref>|[[rap kamah]]<ref name="AllMusic" />}}|occupation={{flatlist| * Penanyi rap * penanyi * penulis lagu }}|years_active=2012–diatu}} '''Elizabeth Eden Harris'''<ref name="AllMusic">{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/cupcakke-mn0003608173|title=CupcakKe – Biography|last=Simpson|first=Paul|website=[[AllMusic]]|language=en-us|access-date=October 13, 2019}}</ref> (ada 31 Me 1997), dikelala enggau nama '''Cupcakke''' (suah digaya '''cupcakKe''' ; disebut /ˈkʌpkeɪk/ "cupcake"),<ref>{{cite web|last1=O'Daly|first1=Britton|date=April 6, 2018|title=Beneath the Icing: Inside CupcakKe|url=https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2018/04/06/beneath-the-icing-inside-cupcakke/|access-date=February 18, 2021|website=[[Yale Daily News]]|archive-date=January 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125112903/https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2018/04/06/beneath-the-icing-inside-cupcakke/|url-status=live}}</ref> iya nya siku rapper enggau penyanyi-penulis lagu Amerika ti dikelala enggau muzik iya ke hypersexual sereta ngundan persona komik.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Breihan|first1=Tom|date=October 26, 2016|title=On the Triumphant Nastiness of CupcakKe|url=http://www.stereogum.com/1907528/on-the-triumphant-nastiness-of-cupcakke/franchises/status-aint-hood/|access-date=March 5, 2017|website=[[Stereogum]]|archive-date=November 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116075907/https://www.stereogum.com/1907528/on-the-triumphant-nastiness-of-cupcakke/columns/status-aint-hood/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Song|first=Sandra|date=February 12, 2016|title=Listen to Raunchy Chicago Rapper CupcakKe's Anti-Predatory Anthem 'Pedophile'|language=en|work=[[Paper magazine|Paper]]|url=http://www.papermag.com/listen-to-raunchy-chicago-rapper-cupcakkes-anti-predatory-anthem-pedop-1599384908.html|access-date=January 19, 2017|archive-date=December 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205132425/http://www.papermag.com/listen-to-raunchy-chicago-rapper-cupcakkes-anti-predatory-anthem-pedop-1599384908.html|url-status=live}} </ref> Diada ba Chicago, Illinois, Cupcakke ngepunka pengawa iya nyadi rapper dalam taun 2012 enggau ngeluarka kereban nengah online. Iya narit ati ba taun 2015 maya iya ngeluarka dua iti video muzik, "Vagina" enggau "Deepthroat", ba [[YouTube]] ti nyadi viral; lagu-lagu nya udah nya dipasukka dalam mixtape keterubah iya, ''Cum Cake'' (2016), ti dipasukka dalam rintai Album Rap Pemadu Manah taun 2016 ''Rolling Stone'' ba lumur 23.<ref name="rollingstone1">{{cite magazine|last1=Drake|first1=David|title=40 Best Rap Albums of 2016|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/40-best-rap-albums-of-2016-w455769/cupcakke-cum-cake-w456233|access-date=March 11, 2022|magazine=Rolling Stone|publisher=Penske Media|date=December 22, 2016|archive-date=February 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207084212/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/40-best-rap-albums-of-2016-w455769/cupcakke-cum-cake-w456233|url-status=dead}} </ref> Mixtape kedua, ''STD (Shelters to Deltas)'', dikeluarka dalam taun 2016, dulu ari album studio iya: ''Audacious'' (2016), ''Queen Elizabitch'' (2017), ''Ephorize'' (2018), enggau Eden(2018). Kelimpah ari pinchin enda lama ba ujung taun 2019, Cupcakke udah mantap ngeluarka lagu tunggal kediri, baka "Squidward Nose" (2019), "Discounts" (2020), "Mosh Pit" (2021), enggau "H2hoe" (2022). Pengudah 6 taun kenyau ari iya ngeluarka album penuh kepenudi iya ngeluarka album studio kelima iya ''Dauntless Manifesto'' (2024). == Pengidup tumu == Elizabeth Eden Harris ada kena 31 Mei 1997,<ref>{{cite tweet|last=Harris|first=Elizabeth|author-link=|user=CupcakKe_rapper|number=860207849506471936|date=May 4, 2017|title=Yes I am 19 turning 20 on May 31|language=English|link=https://twitter.com/CupcakKe_rapper/status/860207849506471936|access-date=May 5, 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170505115326/https://twitter.com/CupcakKe_rapper/status/860207849506471936|archive-date=May 5, 2017}} </ref> ba Chicago, Illinois, lalu besai ba King Drive, semak Parkway Gardens. Harris besai enggau indai tunggal lalu diau semak empat taun ba palan pengenduh orang ke nadai endur diau di Chicago berengkah ari umur tujuh taun.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Downing|first1=Andy|title=Concert preview: Chicago rapper Cupcakke brings her "Vagina" monologue to MINT|url=http://www.columbusalive.com/content/stories/2016/05/19/concert-preview-chicago-rapper-cupcakke-brings-her-vagina-monologue-to-mint.html|website=columbusalive.com|publisher=Columbus Alive|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208083531/http://www.columbusalive.com/content/stories/2016/05/19/concert-preview-chicago-rapper-cupcakke-brings-her-vagina-monologue-to-mint.html|archive-date=February 8, 2017|access-date=May 29, 2018}}</ref> Dalam leka lagu iya "Ace Hardware", Harris ngenang peneleba iya lebuh napi penusah ati ti tusah sereta dipasung apai iya ti nyadi pastor.<ref>{{Citation|title=CupcakKe - Ace Hardware (Official Music Video)|date=December 14, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTfar5JzZeo|language=en|access-date=2023-01-10|archive-date=January 10, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110193058/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTfar5JzZeo|url-status=live}} </ref><ref>{{Citation|title=CupcakKe Interview - New Album, Hosting Hot Haus TV Show, Going to School With Chief Keef|date=October 28, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7nDizgI00s|language=en|access-date=2023-01-10}} </ref> Iya udah ngumbai apai iya "deadbeat", "artis penipu", enggau "pemasung anak mit"<ref>{{Cite web|title=@cupcakke_rapper on Twitter|url=https://twitter.com/cupcakke_rapper/status/678053780689031168|access-date=2023-01-10|website=Twitter|language=en|archive-date=March 25, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325012126/https://twitter.com/cupcakke_rapper/status/678053780689031168|url-status=live}}</ref> Iya besekula ba Sekula Primari Dulles<ref>{{Citation|title=CupcakKe (Full Interview) {{!}} HAM Radio {{!}} All Def Music|date=March 18, 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KfDS6O-kcw|language=en|access-date=2023-01-10}} </ref> enggau raban rap Chicago ke udah tegap bukai baka Lil Reese enggau Chief Keef. Iya bulih pemungkal tumu dalam muzik enggau puisi maya umur sepuluh taun nengah kaul iya dalam gerija kandang menua iya. Dia mega iya bulih pemungkal iya dalam pengawa pemerindang, ke alai iya deka merindang ungkup pastor menua iya nengah chara macha pantun pasal pengarap Kristian.<ref name=":010">{{cite web|last1=Carvey|first1=Meghan|title=The True, Freaky Originality of CupcakKe – MTV|website=[[MTV]]|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2946572/cupcakke-audacious-tracey-emin-unlikeable-women/|access-date=January 19, 2017|date=November 24, 2016|archive-date=March 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313044343/http://www.mtv.com/news/2946572/cupcakke-audacious-tracey-emin-unlikeable-women/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lebuh iya beumur 13 taun, iya betemu enggau siku kaban gerija ke meransang iya ngubah pantun nya nyadi muzik rap, lalu iya nyadi rindu enggau seni nya. Iya nyebut 50 Cent, Lil’ Kim, enggau Da Brat nyadi pengaruh tumu ngagai gaya muzik iya.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Drake|first1=David|title=A Conversation With CupcakKe, Whose Explicit Sex Raps Are Just the Tip of the Iceberg|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2016/04/cupcakke-interview-on-growing-up-chicago-explicit-raps|website=Complex.com|access-date=July 18, 2016|date=April 7, 2016|archive-date=July 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160731100646/http://www.complex.com/music/2016/04/cupcakke-interview-on-growing-up-chicago-explicit-raps|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":010" /> == Kereban sanding == {{Reflist}} == Laman web ke bukai == {{Commons category}} *{{YouTube|channel=UCwimUYuM4NKBJ3pfUiH0TBw|title=Cupcakke}} *{{Twitter|cupcakke_rapper|Cupcakke}} *{{Spotify artist}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Pengada 1997]] [[Kategori:Orang idup]] [[Kategori:Penanyi rap indu Amerika kurun ke-21]] 9vv1c17fqliv7q2ug74468vu1htbcc8 0 3603 18649 15354 2026-04-22T09:37:39Z Song GK 9 /* Penyanding */ 18649 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Sejarah== [[File:First aeroplane landed in Sarawak in 16 October 1924.jpg|right|thumbnail|Bilun keterubah Sarawak ba taun 1924.]] Bilun keterubah terengkah di Kuching, Sarawak kena 16 Oktober 1924.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ah Chon |first1=Ho |title=Kuching in pictures (1841–1946) |date=1948 |publisher=Pustaka Negeri Sarawak |location=Kuching, Sarawak}}</ref> Hornbill Skyways ditumbuhka ba Kuching dalam bulan Mei 1977 nyadi sebuah kompeni peribit ti bejalaika sebuah bilun engkabang sayap tetap [[Cessna 421]] enggau dua buah bilun engkabang [[Bell JetRanger|Bell 206B Jet Ranger]].<ref name="Jerry 2016">{{cite news |last1=Choong |first1=Jerry |title=Aircraft company had history of crashes |url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2016/05/07/aircraft-company-had-history-of-crashes/1114623 |access-date=20 November 2022 |publisher=The Malay Mail |date=7 May 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221120143618/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2016/05/07/aircraft-company-had-history-of-crashes/1114623 |archive-date=20 November 2022}}</ref> Siku nembiak ngelancarka roket keterubah enggau peninggi 5 km bepalan ba Kuching ba bulan Oktober 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|author=News Desk|date=2019-01-29|title=Teenager set to launch state's first rocket to outer space|url=https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/teenager-set-to-launch-states-first-rocket-to-outer-space/|access-date=2021-08-05|website=New Sarawak Tribune|language=en-US}}</ref> Sebuah gerempung STEM ti diberi nama "The Learning Curve" bekerejasama enggau mayuh bengkah universiti ngaga roket hibrid di Sarawak entara taun 2019 ti diberi nama "Borneo Suborbitals".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-03-14|title=Parties sign MoU on educational hybrid rocket|url=https://www.theborneopost.com/2019/03/15/parties-sign-mou-on-educational-hybrid-rocket/|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Borneo Post Online|language=en-US}}</ref> Projek nya udah nadai agi ba taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Learning Curve - Your STEM delivery partner |url=https://learning.com.my/ |publisher=The Learning Curve |access-date=2 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605075200/https://learning.com.my/ |archive-date=5 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=SPACE by MEASAT |url=https://learning.com.my/2022/03/10/space-by-measat/ |publisher=The Learning Curve |access-date=2 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902061429/https://learning.com.my/2022/03/10/space-by-measat/ |archive-date=2 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Taylor's Community - A project by Taylor's Education Group, Corporate Social Responsibility |url=https://csr.taylorsedu.my/pdf/TaylorAR2022.pdf |access-date=2 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308072237/https://csr.taylorsedu.my/pdf/TaylorAR2022.pdf |archive-date=8 March 2023}}</ref> Dalam bulan Julai 2024, peritah Sarawak ngaturka kampus aeroangkasa ba universiti i-CATS, Kuching.<ref>[https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2024/07/27/sarawak-premier-says-state-owned-i-cats-university-college-now-with-aerospace-faculty-to-get-rm300m-new-beach-side-campus/145136 Sarawak premier says state-owned i-CATS University College, now with aerospace faculty, to get RM300m, new beach side campus] Dikeluarka The Malay Mail ba 27 July 2024. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20240727080714/https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2024/07/27/sarawak-premier-says-state-owned-i-cats-university-college-now-with-aerospace-faculty-to-get-rm300m-new-beach-side-campus/145136 27 Julai 2024]</ref> Dalam bulan September 2024, perintah Sarawak madahka pengawa ngelancharka satelit Malaysia bisi bepalan ba Lundu-Sematan jemah ila.<ref>[https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2024/09/15/lundu-sematan-tapak-pelancaran-satelit Lundu-Sematan tapak pelancaran satelit] Dikeluarka Utusan Borneo ba 15 September 2024. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20240915131545/https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2024/09/15/lundu-sematan-tapak-pelancaran-satelit 15 September 2024]</ref> Akademi bilun angkasa ditumbuhka ba Pusat Penyulut Teknologi Sarawak (CENTEXS) Lundu dalam bulan Oktober 2024.<ref>[https://dayakdaily.com/premier-proposes-renaming-aviation-academy-to-aerospace-academy-to-reflect-broader-focus-beyond-aviation/ Premier Proposes renaming Aviation Academy to "Aerospace Academy" to reflect broader docus beyond aviation] Dikeluarka Dayak Daily ba 8 Oktober 2024. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20241010062607/https://dayakdaily.com/premier-proposes-renaming-aviation-academy-to-aerospace-academy-to-reflect-broader-focus-beyond-aviation/ 10 Oktober 2024]</ref> Ba taun 2025, Sarawak bekerejasama enggau kompeni Airbus ari Eropah ngaga industri aeroangkasa ke nyukung di Sarawak, nyengkaum pemansang modal mensia di Sarawak ungkup pengawa ngaga minyak penerebai bilun ke meruan, ngaga kereban komposit enggau kulit sintetik dikena dalam industri penerebai bilun, digitalisasyen industri pejalai enggau pemansang penerebai bilun dalam servis hub bersepadu, enggau 100 ekar pemesai di Sarawak.<ref>[https://www.theborneopost.com/2025/05/06/sarawak-partners-with-airbus-to-develop-aerospace-industry/ Sarawak partners with Airbus to develop aerospace industry] Dikeluarka The Borneo Post ba 6 Mei 2025. Diarkib maya [https://web.archive.org/web/20250507024052/https://www.theborneopost.com/2025/05/06/sarawak-partners-with-airbus-to-develop-aerospace-industry/ 7 Mei 2025]</ref> Kena Julai 2025, Sarawak bekerejasama enggau Penyanding Penemu Padang Bilun Belanda deka gawa ba padang bilun antarabansa baru Kuching.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ling |first1=Sharon |title=S'wak wants to develop aviation sector in collaboration with Holland, says state minister |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2025/07/03/s039wak-wants-to-develop-aviation-sector-in-collaboration-with-holland-says-state-minister |access-date=5 July 2025 |publisher=The Star (Malaysia) |date=3 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250705025742/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2025/07/03/s039wak-wants-to-develop-aviation-sector-in-collaboration-with-holland-says-state-minister |archive-date=5 July 2025}}</ref> Kena taun 2025, perintah Sarawak ngambi serikat penerebai MasWings nyadi serikat AirBorneo.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ratani |first1=Siti Nurain |title=AirBorneo ngena bilun baru |url=https://suarasarawak.my/airborneo-ngena-bilun-baru/ |access-date=5 July 2025 |date=12 March 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.is/UBGHO |archive-date=5 July 2025}}</ref> TerraXpace Sdn Bhd, siku kompeni peranak Sarawak ti bisi opis ba Kuching enggau Kuala Lumpur,<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.globaltelecom.com.my/about-us |publisher=Global Telecommunications Sdn. Bhd |access-date=25 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250328123410/https://www.globaltelecom.com.my/about-us |archive-date=28 March 2025}}</ref> ngelancharka satelit Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) keterubah Malaysia, TerraX-1 (AIRSAT-03), ti mujur dilanchar kena 19 Oktober 2025 ari Palan Ngelancarka Satelit Jiuquan, China ngena roket Kinetica-1.<ref>{{cite news |title=S'wakian Stanley Ling's TerraXpace propels Malaysia into space history with launch of nation's first SAR satellite |url=https://dayakdaily.com/swakian-stanley-lings-terraxpace-propels-msia-into-space-history-with-launch-of-nations-first-sar-satellite/ |access-date=25 October 2025 |publisher=Dayak Daily |date=24 October 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.is/4nVpH |archive-date=25 October 2025}}</ref> ==Kereban sanding== <references/> tr2wlf3ad7g4r8r38c04dx3wul6ajoc 0 6406 18641 18552 2026-04-22T05:28:43Z Ziv 394 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:Duplicate|Duplicate]]: [[File:Portrait of Vice President JD Vance (cropped 3x4).jpg]] → [[File:March 2026 Official Vice Presidential Portrait of JD Vance (3x4 cropped).jpg]] Exact or scaled-down duplicate: [[c::File:March 2026 Official Vice Presidential Portrait of JD Vance (3x4 cropped).jpg]] 18641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = JD Vance | image = March 2026 Official Vice Presidential Portrait of JD Vance (3x4 cropped).jpg | alt = Official portrait of JD Vance, a middle-aged white man with dark hair and beard and light eyes, wearing a suit and tie, in front of an American flag. | caption = Potret rasmi, 2026 | order = 50th | office = Sapit Presiden Amerika Serikat | president = [[Donald Trump]] | term_start = 20 Januari 2025 | term_end = | predecessor = [[Kamala Harris]] | successor = | office1 = Chair Wang [[Komiti Nasional Republikan]] | term_start1 = 18 Mach 2025 | term_end1 = | predecessor1 = [[Duke Buchan]] | successor1 = | jr/sr2 = Senator Amerika Serikat | state2 = [[Ohio]] | term_start2 = 3 Januari 2023 | term_end2 = 10 Januari 2025 | predecessor2 = [[Rob Portman]] | successor2 = [[Jon Husted]] | birth_name = James Donald Bowman<ref group="lower-alpha" name="name change" /> | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1984|8|2}} | birth_place = [[Middletown, Ohio]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | party = [[Parti Republikan (Amerika Serikat)|Republikan]] | spouse = {{marriage|[[Usha Chilukuri]]|2014}} | children = 3 | relatives = {{ubl|[[Nate Vance]] (petunggal)}} | education = {{ubl |[[Universiti Negeri Ohio]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) |[[Yale University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])}} | occupation = {{hlist|Kaban politik|pengarang}} | signature = JD Vance Signature-01.svg | branch = [[United States Marine Corps]] | service_years = 2003–2007 | rank = [[Corporal (United States)|Corporal]] | unit = [[2nd Marine Aircraft Wing]] | battles = [[Perang Irak]] | mawards = {{ubl |[[Achievement Medal|Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal]] |[[Good Conduct Medal (United States)|Marine Corps Good Conduct Medal]]}} | module = | module2 = {{Listen voice |filename=JD Vance speaks on the technological impact of artificial intelligence.wav |name=Vance |description=Vance speaks on the [[Technological impact assessment|technological impact]] of [[artificial intelligence]]. |recorded=March 18, 2025}} }} {{stack end}} '''James David <!--NOTE: Please do not add "JD" here per [[MOS:INITIALS]].--> Vance''' (nama ada '''James Donald Bowman''';{{Efn|name=name change|Vance diberi nama James Donald Bowman lebuh iya ada. Udah nya, iya diambi laki ketiga indai iya nyadi anak angkat lalu nama iya ditukar ngagai . '''James David Hamel'''. Kena April 2013, iya ngambi nama sebilik aki ini iya ari sukut indai iya nya Vance.}} 2 Ogos 1984) <!--Per [[MOS:MULTINAME]] it is not necessary to include an intermediate name such as "Hamel" in the opening sentence of the lead.--> nya kaban politik sereta pengarang Amerika ke nyadi [[sapit presiden Amerika Serikat]] ke-50. Iya kaban [[Parti Republikan (Amerika Serikat)|Parti Republikan]], lalu ngarika [[Ohio]] dalam [[Senat Amerika Serikat]] kenyau taun 2023 nyentuk ke 2025. Ada lalu dibesaika ba [[Middletown, Ohio]], Vance nyadi [[Kor Marin Amerika Serikat|Kor Marin A.S.]] ba taun 2003, nyadi [[Jurnalisme soldadu ba Amerika Serikat|jurnalis soldadu]] ba [[Pekara rama (soldadu)|pekara rama]] sepemanjai timpuh empat taun iya nyentuk ngagai taun 2007. Iya bulih degree sarjana muda ari [[Universiti Negeri Ohio]] sereta [[Juris Doctor]] ari [[Sekula Ukum Yale]]. Pengudah iya gawa enda lama dalam undang-undang korporat, Vance gawa ba firma modal dagang [[Peter Thiel]] [[Mithril Capital]]. == Nota == <references group="lower-alpha"/> [[Kategori:Pengada 1984]] [[Kategori:Orang idup]] alhopci39z65xeirh5hd99409eo4t1m 0 6445 18639 2026-04-21T15:48:30Z Jang Edgar 20 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan ''''Zionisme'''{{efn|{{langx|he|צִיּוֹנוּת|Ṣīyyonūt}}, {{IPA|he|tsijoˈnut|IPA}}}} nya kebut [[nasionalisme etnik|nasionalis etnobudaya]]<ref>{{harvnb|Gans|2008|p=3}}: "Zionism belongs to the category of ethnocultural nationalism, according to which groups sharing a common history and culture have fundamental and morally significant interests in adhering to their culture and in sustaining it for generations. Cultural nationalism holds that...' 18639 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zionisme'''{{efn|{{langx|he|צִיּוֹנוּת|Ṣīyyonūt}}, {{IPA|he|tsijoˈnut|IPA}}}} nya kebut [[nasionalisme etnik|nasionalis etnobudaya]]<ref>{{harvnb|Gans|2008|p=3}}: "Zionism belongs to the category of ethnocultural nationalism, according to which groups sharing a common history and culture have fundamental and morally significant interests in adhering to their culture and in sustaining it for generations. Cultural nationalism holds that such interests warrant political recognition and support, primarily by the means of granting the groups in question the right to national self-determination or self-rule."</ref> ke tumbuh ba ujung kurun ke-19 di Eropah deka ngaga sereta nyukung [[tanah ai orang Judah]] nengah chara megai [[kandang menua Palestin]],<ref>{{bulleted list||{{harvnb|Aaronson|1996|p=223|ps=: "On the other hand, our study has revealed that Jewish colonization resembled in many respects the model of pure "settlement of population" ("colonization de peuplement"), in the sense of involving colonization without colonialism."}}|{{harvnb|Cohen|2011|p=128|ps=: "In February 1928, Weizmann submitted an official request to the government for a loan guarantee. He explained that the Zionist Loan was needed to promote further Jewish colonization in Palestine. [...] He advised that both the Zionists and the government should initiate a new period of Zionist colonizing activity as soon as possible."}}|{{harvnb|Murphy|2005|p=}}:{{page needed|date=August 2025}} "The first forty years of the twentieth century witnessed the transformation of Zionism from a philosophical discourse to a practical programme for the colonisation of Palestine."|{{harvnb|Yadgar|2017|p=207|ps=:"At the foundation of the Zionist outlook stood the aspiration to establish a state. And absolute sovereignty is needed for Zionism more than for any other nation, because Zionism demanded the right of unrestricted immigration and unrestricted colonization, which can be brought about only by complete sovereignty."}}|{{harvnb|Penslar|1993|p=1302}}: "In many respects, Zionism was unique as a national movement. One of its (presumably singular) characteristic features stemmed from the fact that it was a national liberation movement that was destined to function as a movement promoting settlement in a country of colonization. [...] Zionist psychology was molded by the conflicting parameters of a national liberation movement and a movement of European colonization in a Middle Eastern country. [...] The Zionist movement (in particular, it socialist variant) viewed itself as belonging to the forces striving for a better world and could not accept the fact that the framework of its activity was determined by the contours of a country of colonization."|{{harvnb|Elazari-Volcani|1932|p=}}{{page needed|date=February 2026}}|{{harvnb|Gelvin|2021|pp=49–80}}|{{harvnb|Collins|2011|pp=169–185|ps=: "... and as subsequent work (Finkelstein 1995; Massad 2005; Pappe 2006; Said 1992; Shafir 1989) has definitively established, the architects of Zionism were conscious and often unapologetic about their status as colonizers."}}|{{harvnb|Bloom|2011|pp=2, 13, 49, 132|ps=: "Dr. [[Arthur Ruppin]] was sent to Palestine for the first time in 1907 by the heads of the German [World] Zionist Organization in order to make a pilot study of the possibilities for colonization. ... [[Franz Oppenheimer|Oppenheimer]] was a German sociologist and political economist. As a worldwide expert on colonization he became Herzl's advisor and formulated the first program for Zionist colonization, which he presented at the 6th Zionist Congress (Basel 1903) . ... [[Daniel Boyarin]] wrote that the group of Zionists who imagined themselves colonialists inclined to that persona "because such a representation was pivotal to the entire project of becoming 'white men'." Colonization was seen as a sign of belonging to western and modern culture;"}}|{{harvnb|Robinson|2013|p=18|ps=: {{" '}}Never before', wrote Berl Katznelson, founding editor of the Histadrut daily, ''Davar'', 'has the white man undertaken colonization with that sense of justice and social progress which fills the Jew who comes to Palestine.{{' "}} [[Berl Katznelson]]}}|{{harvnb|Alroey|2011|p=5|ps=: "[[Theodor Herzl|Herzl]] further sharpened the issue when he tried to make diplomacy precede settlement, precluding any possibility of preemptive and unplanned settlement in the Land of Israel: "Should the powers show themselves willing to grant us sovereignty over a neutral land, then the Society will enter into negotiations for the possession of this land. Here two regions come to mind: Palestine and Argentina. Significant experiments in colonization have been made in both countries, though on the mistaken principle of gradual infiltration of Jews. Infiltration is bound to end badly."}}|{{harvnb|Jabotinsky|1923|ps=: "Colonisation can have only one aim, and Palestine Arabs cannot accept this aim. It lies in the very nature of things, and in this particular regard nature cannot be changed .. . Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population." [[Ze'ev Jabotinsky]] quoted in Alan Balfour, [https://books.google.com/books?id=D7p9DwAAQBAJ ''The Walls of Jerusalem: Preserving the Past, Controlling the Future''], [[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]], 2019, p. 59, {{isbn|978-1-119-18229-0}}.}}|{{harvnb|Piterberg|2010|p=}}:{{page needed|date=February 2026}} "It is within the typology of settler colonialisms that I place the Zionist colonization of Palestine and the state of Israel—a move which surely should have put to rest the tedious contention that Zionism could not be termed a colonial venture because it lacked the features of metropole colonialism; as if anyone were suggesting otherwise. What its apologists fail to confront is the settler-colonial paradigm."}}</ref> ti setipak enggau [[Tanah Israel]] dalam [[pengarap Judah]] sereta dalam [[sejarah orang Judah]].<ref>{{bulleted list||{{harvnb|Safrai|2018|p=76|ps=: "The preoccupation of rabbinic literature in all its forms with the Land of Israel is without question intensive and constant. It is no wonder that this literature offers historians of the Land of Israel a wealth of information for the clarification of a wide variety of topics."}}|{{harvnb|Biger|2004|pp=58–63|ps=: "Unlike the earlier literature that dealt with Palestine's delimitation, the boundaries were not presented according to their historical traditional meaning, but according to the boundaries of the Jewish Eretz Israel that was about to be established there. This approach characterizes all the Zionist publications at the time ... when they came to indicate borders, they preferred the realistic condition and strategic economic needs over an unrealistic dream based on the historic past.' This meant that planners envisaged a future Palestine that controlled all the Jordan's sources, the southern part of the Litanni river in Lebanon, the large cultivatable area east of the Jordan, including the Houran and Gil'ad wheat zone, Mt Hermon, the Yarmuk and Yabok rivers, the Hijaz Railway ... ."}}|{{harvnb|Motyl|2001|p=604}}|{{cite book |last1=Herzl |first1=Theodor |author-link1=Theodor Herzl |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3f4RFWkMeWoC |title=Der Judenstaat |publisher=[[Courier Dover]] |year=1988 |isbn=978-0-486-25849-2 |edition=republication |location=New York |page=40 |translator=[[Sylvie d'Avigdor]] |trans-title=The Jewish state |chapter=Biography, by Alex Bein |access-date=September 28, 2010 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3f4RFWkMeWoC&pg=PA40 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101195701/http://books.google.com/books?id=3f4RFWkMeWoC |archive-date=January 1, 2014 |url-status=live |orig-date=1896}}{{page needed|date=October 2024}}}}</ref> <!-- The following text is the result of consensus on the talk page. Changes to the text have been challenged and any further edits to the sentence should be discussed on the talk page and consensus obtained to change. -->Zionis deka numbuhka [[menua orang Judah]] di Palestin enggau sepemayuh tanah ti ulih dibulih, sepemayuh [[orang Judah]], lalu mina mimit [[orang Arab Palestin]]. Zionisme keterubah iya tumbuh ba [[Eropah Tengah]] enggau [[Eropah Timur|Timur]] nyadi gerak nasionalis [[sekular]] ba ujung kurun nyadika timbal ngagai gelumbang baru [[antisemitisme]] sereta nyadika timbal ngagai [[Haskalah]], tauka Penerang Orang Judah.<ref>{{bulleted list|{{harvnb|Conforti|2024|p=485|ps=: "The crisis in the Enlightenment movement in the late nineteenth century gave way to the rise of alternative ideologies, such as Jewish nationalism and socialism. Early Zionist thinkers, such as Peretz Smolenskin (1842–1885), sharply criticized the Enlightenment scholars and their universalist approach."}} | {{harvnb|Shillony|2012|p=88|ps=: "[Zionism] arose in response to and in imitation of the current national movements of Central, Southern, and Eastern Europe"}} | {{harvnb|LeVine|Mossberg|2014|p=211|ps=: "The parents of Zionism were not Judaism and tradition, but anti-Semitism and nationalism. The ideals of the French Revolution spread slowly across Europe, finally reaching the Pale of Settlement in the Russian Empire and helping to set off the Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment. This engendered a permanent split in the Jewish world, between those who held to a halachic or religious-centric vision of their identity and those who adopted in part the racial rhetoric of the time and made the Jewish people into a nation. This was helped along by the wave of pogroms in Eastern Europe that set two million Jews to flight; most wound up in America, but some chose Palestine. A driving force behind this was the Hovevei Zion movement, which worked from 1882 to develop a Hebrew identity that was distinct from [[Judaism]] as a religion."}} | {{harvnb|Gelvin|2014|p=93 |ps=: "The fact that Palestinian nationalism developed later than Zionism and indeed in response to it does not in any way diminish the legitimacy of Palestinian nationalism or make it less valid than Zionism. All nationalisms arise in opposition to some 'other'. Why else would there be the need to specify who you are? And all nationalisms are defined by what they oppose. As we have seen, Zionism itself arose in reaction to anti-Semitic and exclusionary nationalist movements in Europe. It would be perverse to judge Zionism as somehow less valid than European anti-Semitism or those nationalisms. Furthermore, Zionism itself was also defined by its opposition to the indigenous Palestinian inhabitants of the region. Both the 'conquest of land' and the 'conquest of labor' slogans that became central to the dominant strain of Zionism in the Yishuv originated as a result of the Zionist confrontation with the Palestinian 'other'."}} }}</ref><ref>{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Cohen|1995|p=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgesurveyo00robi/page/504 504]}}: "Zionism Colonize palestine." | {{harvnb|Gelvin|2007|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=5FwAT5fx03IC&q=the%20Basel%20program%20colonisation%20of%20Palestine&pg=PA52 51]}} | {{harvnb|Pappé|2006|pp=10–11}} }}</ref> Ba pun kurun ke-20, gerak Zionis, maya nya betuaika [[Theodor Herzl]], ngaitka pengawa ngangkatka bansa tu enggau Palestin, maya nya di baruh [[Empayar Ottoman|perintah Ottoman]].{{sfn|Gelvin|2007|p=51}}{{sfn|Pappé|2006|pp=10–11}} [[Aliyah|Penatai bala pengentap pendiau orang Zionis]] ngagai Palestin dalam timpuh tu dipeda mayuh nyadi pun [[konflik Israel-Palestin]].{{sfn|Masalha|2012|p=70}}{{sfn|Karsh|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|Morris|2008|p=1}} Pengawa bala Zionis ngambi menua Palestin nya bepelasarka penemu ti madahka hak sejarah orang Judah ba tanah nya lebih besai ari hak orang Arab. Ba taun 1917, [[Penesau Balfour]] ngentapka sukung [[Empayar British|Britain]] ngagai gerak tu. Ba taun 1922, [[Mandat ungkup Palestine]], diperintah Britain, enggau terang meri hak istimewa ngagai orang Judah ke diau ba endur nya ari orang ke diau ba endur nya. Dalam taun 1948, pengudah abis Mandat British, [[Menua Israel]] [[Penesau Meredeka Israel|nesauka meredeka sida]] lalu [[Perang Arab–Israel 1948|perang]] nyadi. Maya perang nya, Israel ngerembaika kandang menua iya nguasa 78% ari Palestin Mandatori ke suba. Asil ari [[Pemuai sereta penasah orang Palestin 1948]], dipelabaka 160,000 ari 870,000 iku orang Palestin ba kandang menua nya agi mengkang, lalu nyadika [[orang Arab ba Israel|minoriti orang Palestin di Israel]].<ref name="unccp">{{Cite web |title=A/1367/Rev.1 of 23 October 1950 |format=OpenDocument |url=https://unispal.un.org/unispal.nsf/b792301807650d6685256cef0073cb80/93037e3b939746de8525610200567883?OpenDocument |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229161519/https://unispal.un.org/unispal.nsf/b792301807650d6685256cef0073cb80/93037e3b939746de8525610200567883?OpenDocument |archive-date=December 29, 2021 |access-date=January 28, 2026 |website=unispal.un.org |publisher=[[United Nations]] |url-status=live }}</ref> Penemu Zionis udah bebida ari maya ke maya lalu enda sebaka, ngujungka mayuh macham [[bansa Zionisme]].<ref>{{bulleted list|{{harvnb|Dubnov|2011|p=}}:{{page needed|date=March 2025}} "Relatively recent examples of the search for this "core" idea in Zionism (which tends to label ideological diversity as "heresy" or "deviation") can be found in Gorny and Netzer, "'Avodat ha-hoveh ha-murhevet'"; Halpern and Reinharz, ''Zionism and the Creation of a New Society''; and Shimoni, ''The Zionist Ideology''. Older studies that are based on a similar presupposition include Heller, ''The Zionist Idea'', and most famously Hertzberg, ''The Zionist Idea''."|{{harvnb|Gorny|1987}}|{{harvnb|Yadgar|2017|loc="Main Zionist Streams and Jewish Traditions"|pp=119–160}}|{{harvnb|Stanislawski|2017}}{{page needed|date=January 2025}}|{{harvnb|Penslar|2023|p=36}}|{{harvnb|Seidler|2012|p=176}} "conflicting founding designs...express the formative ideological background underlying the very idea of the State of Israel."|{{harvnb|Boyarin|2025|pp=137–160}}: "What we call Zionism, despite the existence of a World Zionist Organization and then a Zionist state, is in fact a catchall for numerous, often contradictory currents of thought."|{{harvnb|Shoham|2013}}|{{harvnb|Shindler|2015|p=}}:{{page needed|date=January 2025}} "Zionism was never a monolithic movement. It would be more correct to speak of a range of different varieties of Zionism. Herzl's General Zionism immediately began to flow into different ideological streams."}}</ref> Arus batang Zionis udah nyengkaum [[Zionisme Liberal|Liberal]], [[Zionisme Pengereja Pengawa|Pengereja Pengawa]], [[Zionisme Revisionis|Revisionis]], enggau [[Zionisme Budaya]], seraya raban baka [[Brit Shalom (organisasyen politik)|Brit Shalom]] enggau [[Ihud]] udah nyadi raban ti bebida penemu dalam gerak nya.{{sfn|Gorny|1987|p={{page needed|date=October 2024}}}} [[Zionisme Bepengarap]] iya nya varian ti begulaika nasionalisme sekular enggau konservatisme pengarap. Bala orang ke nyukung Zionisme udah ngumbai nya nyadika [[gerakan pengelepas]] nasional ke [[pemulai]] seraban [[bansa asal]]. (ti kena [[Pemerinsa orang Judah|pemerinsa]] lalu bekunsi [[identiti bansa]] nengah [[penyedar bansa]]), ngagai [[tanah ai]] [[Sejarah Israel enggau Judah kelia|aki ini]] sida.{{sfn|Troen|2007|pp=873–875}}{{sfn|Aaronson|1996|pp=215, 224}}{{sfn|Cohen|2011|pp=118, 120, 128}} [[Anti-Zionisme|Penyakal Zionisme]] suah ngelaika iya nyadi ideologi [[supremasi]],{{sfn|Sabbagh-Khoury|2023|loc=Conclusion}}{{sfn|Beinart|2025}}{{sfn|Jamal|2019|pp=193–220}} [[kolonialis]],<ref name="CHARCOL">{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Shafir|Peled|2002|pp=37–38}} | {{harvnb|Bareli|2003|pp=99–116}} | {{harvnb|Pappé|2004|pp=72–121}} | {{harvnb|Prior|1997|pp=106–215}} | {{harvnb|Shafir|1999|pp=}}{{page needed|date=March 2025}} | Lustick, Ian, ''For the Land and the Lord'' ...{{full citation needed|date=January 2025}} | {{harvnb|Zuriek|1979|p=}}{{page needed|date=January 2025}} | {{harvnb|Penslar|2003|pp=85–98}} | {{harvnb|Pappé|2006|pp=}}{{page needed|date=January 2025}} | {{harvnb|Masalha|2007|p=16}} | {{harvnb|Prior|1999|p=240}} }}</ref> tauka [[chiping bansa Zionis|bechiping bansa]],<ref name=CHARRAS>{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Kayyali|1979|p=}}{{page needed|date=July 2025}} | {{harvnb|Gerson|1987|p=68}} | {{harvnb|Hadawi|1991|p=183}} | {{cite book |last=Beker |first=Avi |date=2008|title=Chosen: the history of an idea, the anatomy of an obsession |publisher=Macmillan |pages=131, 139, 151}} | Quoting Mr. Abouchaer of Syria, on p. 31: {{Cite periodical |last1=Carey |first1=John |last2=Carey |first2=Henry F. |title=Hostility in United Nations Bodies to Judaism, as the Jewish People and Jews as Such |journal=Israel Yearbook on Human Rights |date=1987 |volume=17 |editor1-first=Yoram |editor1-last=Dinstein |editor2-first=Mala |editor2-last=Tabory |publisher=The Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University / Martinus Nijhoff Publishers / Kluwer Academic Publishers |pages=29–40 |lccn=72-955544 |issn=0333-5925 |isbn=90-247-3646-3 |id=[[HeinOnline]] [https://heinonline-org.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/HOL/Page?collection=intyb&handle=hein.intyb/isryhr0017&id=31&men_tab=srchresults isryhr0017].}} | Citing Soviet ideology, on p. 136: {{Cite periodical |last=Korey |first=William |title=The Kremlin and the UN Zionism Equals Racism Resolution |journal=Israel Yearbook on Human Rights |date=1987 |volume=17 |editor1-first=Yoram |editor1-last=Dinstein |editor2-first=Mala |editor2-last=Tabory |publisher=The Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University / Martinus Nijhoff Publishers / Kluwer Academic Publishers |pages=133–148 |lccn=72-955544 |issn=0333-5925 |isbn=90-247-3646-3 |id=[[HeinOnline]] [https://heinonline-org.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/HOL/Page?collection=intyb&handle=hein.intyb/isryhr0017&id=136&men_tab=srchresults isryhr0017].}} | Harkabi, Yehoshafat, ''Arab attitudes to Israel'', pp. 247–248{{full citation needed|date=July 2025}} }}</ref> tauka nyadi gerak [[Zionisme nyadi penyajah penetap|penyajah penetap]].<ref>See for example: {{harvnb|Alam|2009}}, or {{harvnb|Gould-Wartofsky|2010}}</ref><ref>{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Masalha|2007|p=314}} | {{harvnb|Curthoys|Ganguly|2007|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=crIxjc564_AC&pg=PA315 315]}} | {{harvnb|Kīfūrkiyān|2009|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=_ka2AmZw3YIC&pg=PA9 9]}} | {{harvnb|Scham|Salem|Pogrund|2005|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=c-cviX0c63YC&pg=PA87 87–]}} }}</ref> == Nota == <references group="lower-alpha"/> == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} bpsi94nxbait9clhlqmoe6ibcnsw7ww 18640 18639 2026-04-21T15:50:22Z Jang Edgar 20 18640 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Theodor_Herzl.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Theodor_Herzl.jpg|thumb|framed|left|[[Theodor Herzl]] nya penumbuh gerak Zionis moden. Dalam risalah ''[[Der Judenstaat]]'' kena taun 1896, iya ngambarka penumbuh nengeri orang Judah ti meredeka jemah ila ba kurun ke-20.]] '''Zionisme'''{{efn|{{langx|he|צִיּוֹנוּת|Ṣīyyonūt}}, {{IPA|he|tsijoˈnut|IPA}}}} nya kebut [[nasionalisme etnik|nasionalis etnobudaya]]<ref>{{harvnb|Gans|2008|p=3}}: "Zionism belongs to the category of ethnocultural nationalism, according to which groups sharing a common history and culture have fundamental and morally significant interests in adhering to their culture and in sustaining it for generations. Cultural nationalism holds that such interests warrant political recognition and support, primarily by the means of granting the groups in question the right to national self-determination or self-rule."</ref> ke tumbuh ba ujung kurun ke-19 di Eropah deka ngaga sereta nyukung [[tanah ai orang Judah]] nengah chara megai [[kandang menua Palestin]],<ref>{{bulleted list||{{harvnb|Aaronson|1996|p=223|ps=: "On the other hand, our study has revealed that Jewish colonization resembled in many respects the model of pure "settlement of population" ("colonization de peuplement"), in the sense of involving colonization without colonialism."}}|{{harvnb|Cohen|2011|p=128|ps=: "In February 1928, Weizmann submitted an official request to the government for a loan guarantee. He explained that the Zionist Loan was needed to promote further Jewish colonization in Palestine. [...] He advised that both the Zionists and the government should initiate a new period of Zionist colonizing activity as soon as possible."}}|{{harvnb|Murphy|2005|p=}}:{{page needed|date=August 2025}} "The first forty years of the twentieth century witnessed the transformation of Zionism from a philosophical discourse to a practical programme for the colonisation of Palestine."|{{harvnb|Yadgar|2017|p=207|ps=:"At the foundation of the Zionist outlook stood the aspiration to establish a state. And absolute sovereignty is needed for Zionism more than for any other nation, because Zionism demanded the right of unrestricted immigration and unrestricted colonization, which can be brought about only by complete sovereignty."}}|{{harvnb|Penslar|1993|p=1302}}: "In many respects, Zionism was unique as a national movement. One of its (presumably singular) characteristic features stemmed from the fact that it was a national liberation movement that was destined to function as a movement promoting settlement in a country of colonization. [...] Zionist psychology was molded by the conflicting parameters of a national liberation movement and a movement of European colonization in a Middle Eastern country. [...] The Zionist movement (in particular, it socialist variant) viewed itself as belonging to the forces striving for a better world and could not accept the fact that the framework of its activity was determined by the contours of a country of colonization."|{{harvnb|Elazari-Volcani|1932|p=}}{{page needed|date=February 2026}}|{{harvnb|Gelvin|2021|pp=49–80}}|{{harvnb|Collins|2011|pp=169–185|ps=: "... and as subsequent work (Finkelstein 1995; Massad 2005; Pappe 2006; Said 1992; Shafir 1989) has definitively established, the architects of Zionism were conscious and often unapologetic about their status as colonizers."}}|{{harvnb|Bloom|2011|pp=2, 13, 49, 132|ps=: "Dr. [[Arthur Ruppin]] was sent to Palestine for the first time in 1907 by the heads of the German [World] Zionist Organization in order to make a pilot study of the possibilities for colonization. ... [[Franz Oppenheimer|Oppenheimer]] was a German sociologist and political economist. As a worldwide expert on colonization he became Herzl's advisor and formulated the first program for Zionist colonization, which he presented at the 6th Zionist Congress (Basel 1903) . ... [[Daniel Boyarin]] wrote that the group of Zionists who imagined themselves colonialists inclined to that persona "because such a representation was pivotal to the entire project of becoming 'white men'." Colonization was seen as a sign of belonging to western and modern culture;"}}|{{harvnb|Robinson|2013|p=18|ps=: {{" '}}Never before', wrote Berl Katznelson, founding editor of the Histadrut daily, ''Davar'', 'has the white man undertaken colonization with that sense of justice and social progress which fills the Jew who comes to Palestine.{{' "}} [[Berl Katznelson]]}}|{{harvnb|Alroey|2011|p=5|ps=: "[[Theodor Herzl|Herzl]] further sharpened the issue when he tried to make diplomacy precede settlement, precluding any possibility of preemptive and unplanned settlement in the Land of Israel: "Should the powers show themselves willing to grant us sovereignty over a neutral land, then the Society will enter into negotiations for the possession of this land. Here two regions come to mind: Palestine and Argentina. Significant experiments in colonization have been made in both countries, though on the mistaken principle of gradual infiltration of Jews. Infiltration is bound to end badly."}}|{{harvnb|Jabotinsky|1923|ps=: "Colonisation can have only one aim, and Palestine Arabs cannot accept this aim. It lies in the very nature of things, and in this particular regard nature cannot be changed .. . Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population." [[Ze'ev Jabotinsky]] quoted in Alan Balfour, [https://books.google.com/books?id=D7p9DwAAQBAJ ''The Walls of Jerusalem: Preserving the Past, Controlling the Future''], [[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]], 2019, p. 59, {{isbn|978-1-119-18229-0}}.}}|{{harvnb|Piterberg|2010|p=}}:{{page needed|date=February 2026}} "It is within the typology of settler colonialisms that I place the Zionist colonization of Palestine and the state of Israel—a move which surely should have put to rest the tedious contention that Zionism could not be termed a colonial venture because it lacked the features of metropole colonialism; as if anyone were suggesting otherwise. What its apologists fail to confront is the settler-colonial paradigm."}}</ref> ti setipak enggau [[Tanah Israel]] dalam [[pengarap Judah]] sereta dalam [[sejarah orang Judah]].<ref>{{bulleted list||{{harvnb|Safrai|2018|p=76|ps=: "The preoccupation of rabbinic literature in all its forms with the Land of Israel is without question intensive and constant. It is no wonder that this literature offers historians of the Land of Israel a wealth of information for the clarification of a wide variety of topics."}}|{{harvnb|Biger|2004|pp=58–63|ps=: "Unlike the earlier literature that dealt with Palestine's delimitation, the boundaries were not presented according to their historical traditional meaning, but according to the boundaries of the Jewish Eretz Israel that was about to be established there. This approach characterizes all the Zionist publications at the time ... when they came to indicate borders, they preferred the realistic condition and strategic economic needs over an unrealistic dream based on the historic past.' This meant that planners envisaged a future Palestine that controlled all the Jordan's sources, the southern part of the Litanni river in Lebanon, the large cultivatable area east of the Jordan, including the Houran and Gil'ad wheat zone, Mt Hermon, the Yarmuk and Yabok rivers, the Hijaz Railway ... ."}}|{{harvnb|Motyl|2001|p=604}}|{{cite book |last1=Herzl |first1=Theodor |author-link1=Theodor Herzl |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3f4RFWkMeWoC |title=Der Judenstaat |publisher=[[Courier Dover]] |year=1988 |isbn=978-0-486-25849-2 |edition=republication |location=New York |page=40 |translator=[[Sylvie d'Avigdor]] |trans-title=The Jewish state |chapter=Biography, by Alex Bein |access-date=September 28, 2010 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3f4RFWkMeWoC&pg=PA40 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101195701/http://books.google.com/books?id=3f4RFWkMeWoC |archive-date=January 1, 2014 |url-status=live |orig-date=1896}}{{page needed|date=October 2024}}}}</ref> <!-- The following text is the result of consensus on the talk page. Changes to the text have been challenged and any further edits to the sentence should be discussed on the talk page and consensus obtained to change. -->Zionis deka numbuhka [[menua orang Judah]] di Palestin enggau sepemayuh tanah ti ulih dibulih, sepemayuh [[orang Judah]], lalu mina mimit [[orang Arab Palestin]]. Zionisme keterubah iya tumbuh ba [[Eropah Tengah]] enggau [[Eropah Timur|Timur]] nyadi gerak nasionalis [[sekular]] ba ujung kurun nyadika timbal ngagai gelumbang baru [[antisemitisme]] sereta nyadika timbal ngagai [[Haskalah]], tauka Penerang Orang Judah.<ref>{{bulleted list|{{harvnb|Conforti|2024|p=485|ps=: "The crisis in the Enlightenment movement in the late nineteenth century gave way to the rise of alternative ideologies, such as Jewish nationalism and socialism. Early Zionist thinkers, such as Peretz Smolenskin (1842–1885), sharply criticized the Enlightenment scholars and their universalist approach."}} | {{harvnb|Shillony|2012|p=88|ps=: "[Zionism] arose in response to and in imitation of the current national movements of Central, Southern, and Eastern Europe"}} | {{harvnb|LeVine|Mossberg|2014|p=211|ps=: "The parents of Zionism were not Judaism and tradition, but anti-Semitism and nationalism. The ideals of the French Revolution spread slowly across Europe, finally reaching the Pale of Settlement in the Russian Empire and helping to set off the Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment. This engendered a permanent split in the Jewish world, between those who held to a halachic or religious-centric vision of their identity and those who adopted in part the racial rhetoric of the time and made the Jewish people into a nation. This was helped along by the wave of pogroms in Eastern Europe that set two million Jews to flight; most wound up in America, but some chose Palestine. A driving force behind this was the Hovevei Zion movement, which worked from 1882 to develop a Hebrew identity that was distinct from [[Judaism]] as a religion."}} | {{harvnb|Gelvin|2014|p=93 |ps=: "The fact that Palestinian nationalism developed later than Zionism and indeed in response to it does not in any way diminish the legitimacy of Palestinian nationalism or make it less valid than Zionism. All nationalisms arise in opposition to some 'other'. Why else would there be the need to specify who you are? And all nationalisms are defined by what they oppose. As we have seen, Zionism itself arose in reaction to anti-Semitic and exclusionary nationalist movements in Europe. It would be perverse to judge Zionism as somehow less valid than European anti-Semitism or those nationalisms. Furthermore, Zionism itself was also defined by its opposition to the indigenous Palestinian inhabitants of the region. Both the 'conquest of land' and the 'conquest of labor' slogans that became central to the dominant strain of Zionism in the Yishuv originated as a result of the Zionist confrontation with the Palestinian 'other'."}} }}</ref><ref>{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Cohen|1995|p=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgesurveyo00robi/page/504 504]}}: "Zionism Colonize palestine." | {{harvnb|Gelvin|2007|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=5FwAT5fx03IC&q=the%20Basel%20program%20colonisation%20of%20Palestine&pg=PA52 51]}} | {{harvnb|Pappé|2006|pp=10–11}} }}</ref> Ba pun kurun ke-20, gerak Zionis, maya nya betuaika [[Theodor Herzl]], ngaitka pengawa ngangkatka bansa tu enggau Palestin, maya nya di baruh [[Empayar Ottoman|perintah Ottoman]].{{sfn|Gelvin|2007|p=51}}{{sfn|Pappé|2006|pp=10–11}} [[Aliyah|Penatai bala pengentap pendiau orang Zionis]] ngagai Palestin dalam timpuh tu dipeda mayuh nyadi pun [[konflik Israel-Palestin]].{{sfn|Masalha|2012|p=70}}{{sfn|Karsh|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|Morris|2008|p=1}} Pengawa bala Zionis ngambi menua Palestin nya bepelasarka penemu ti madahka hak sejarah orang Judah ba tanah nya lebih besai ari hak orang Arab. Ba taun 1917, [[Penesau Balfour]] ngentapka sukung [[Empayar British|Britain]] ngagai gerak tu. Ba taun 1922, [[Mandat ungkup Palestine]], diperintah Britain, enggau terang meri hak istimewa ngagai orang Judah ke diau ba endur nya ari orang ke diau ba endur nya. Dalam taun 1948, pengudah abis Mandat British, [[Menua Israel]] [[Penesau Meredeka Israel|nesauka meredeka sida]] lalu [[Perang Arab–Israel 1948|perang]] nyadi. Maya perang nya, Israel ngerembaika kandang menua iya nguasa 78% ari Palestin Mandatori ke suba. Asil ari [[Pemuai sereta penasah orang Palestin 1948]], dipelabaka 160,000 ari 870,000 iku orang Palestin ba kandang menua nya agi mengkang, lalu nyadika [[orang Arab ba Israel|minoriti orang Palestin di Israel]].<ref name="unccp">{{Cite web |title=A/1367/Rev.1 of 23 October 1950 |format=OpenDocument |url=https://unispal.un.org/unispal.nsf/b792301807650d6685256cef0073cb80/93037e3b939746de8525610200567883?OpenDocument |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229161519/https://unispal.un.org/unispal.nsf/b792301807650d6685256cef0073cb80/93037e3b939746de8525610200567883?OpenDocument |archive-date=December 29, 2021 |access-date=January 28, 2026 |website=unispal.un.org |publisher=[[United Nations]] |url-status=live }}</ref> Penemu Zionis udah bebida ari maya ke maya lalu enda sebaka, ngujungka mayuh macham [[bansa Zionisme]].<ref>{{bulleted list|{{harvnb|Dubnov|2011|p=}}:{{page needed|date=March 2025}} "Relatively recent examples of the search for this "core" idea in Zionism (which tends to label ideological diversity as "heresy" or "deviation") can be found in Gorny and Netzer, "'Avodat ha-hoveh ha-murhevet'"; Halpern and Reinharz, ''Zionism and the Creation of a New Society''; and Shimoni, ''The Zionist Ideology''. Older studies that are based on a similar presupposition include Heller, ''The Zionist Idea'', and most famously Hertzberg, ''The Zionist Idea''."|{{harvnb|Gorny|1987}}|{{harvnb|Yadgar|2017|loc="Main Zionist Streams and Jewish Traditions"|pp=119–160}}|{{harvnb|Stanislawski|2017}}{{page needed|date=January 2025}}|{{harvnb|Penslar|2023|p=36}}|{{harvnb|Seidler|2012|p=176}} "conflicting founding designs...express the formative ideological background underlying the very idea of the State of Israel."|{{harvnb|Boyarin|2025|pp=137–160}}: "What we call Zionism, despite the existence of a World Zionist Organization and then a Zionist state, is in fact a catchall for numerous, often contradictory currents of thought."|{{harvnb|Shoham|2013}}|{{harvnb|Shindler|2015|p=}}:{{page needed|date=January 2025}} "Zionism was never a monolithic movement. It would be more correct to speak of a range of different varieties of Zionism. Herzl's General Zionism immediately began to flow into different ideological streams."}}</ref> Arus batang Zionis udah nyengkaum [[Zionisme Liberal|Liberal]], [[Zionisme Pengereja Pengawa|Pengereja Pengawa]], [[Zionisme Revisionis|Revisionis]], enggau [[Zionisme Budaya]], seraya raban baka [[Brit Shalom (organisasyen politik)|Brit Shalom]] enggau [[Ihud]] udah nyadi raban ti bebida penemu dalam gerak nya.{{sfn|Gorny|1987|p={{page needed|date=October 2024}}}} [[Zionisme Bepengarap]] iya nya varian ti begulaika nasionalisme sekular enggau konservatisme pengarap. Bala orang ke nyukung Zionisme udah ngumbai nya nyadika [[gerakan pengelepas]] nasional ke [[pemulai]] seraban [[bansa asal]]. (ti kena [[Pemerinsa orang Judah|pemerinsa]] lalu bekunsi [[identiti bansa]] nengah [[penyedar bansa]]), ngagai [[tanah ai]] [[Sejarah Israel enggau Judah kelia|aki ini]] sida.{{sfn|Troen|2007|pp=873–875}}{{sfn|Aaronson|1996|pp=215, 224}}{{sfn|Cohen|2011|pp=118, 120, 128}} [[Anti-Zionisme|Penyakal Zionisme]] suah ngelaika iya nyadi ideologi [[supremasi]],{{sfn|Sabbagh-Khoury|2023|loc=Conclusion}}{{sfn|Beinart|2025}}{{sfn|Jamal|2019|pp=193–220}} [[kolonialis]],<ref name="CHARCOL">{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Shafir|Peled|2002|pp=37–38}} | {{harvnb|Bareli|2003|pp=99–116}} | {{harvnb|Pappé|2004|pp=72–121}} | {{harvnb|Prior|1997|pp=106–215}} | {{harvnb|Shafir|1999|pp=}}{{page needed|date=March 2025}} | Lustick, Ian, ''For the Land and the Lord'' ...{{full citation needed|date=January 2025}} | {{harvnb|Zuriek|1979|p=}}{{page needed|date=January 2025}} | {{harvnb|Penslar|2003|pp=85–98}} | {{harvnb|Pappé|2006|pp=}}{{page needed|date=January 2025}} | {{harvnb|Masalha|2007|p=16}} | {{harvnb|Prior|1999|p=240}} }}</ref> tauka [[chiping bansa Zionis|bechiping bansa]],<ref name=CHARRAS>{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Kayyali|1979|p=}}{{page needed|date=July 2025}} | {{harvnb|Gerson|1987|p=68}} | {{harvnb|Hadawi|1991|p=183}} | {{cite book |last=Beker |first=Avi |date=2008|title=Chosen: the history of an idea, the anatomy of an obsession |publisher=Macmillan |pages=131, 139, 151}} | Quoting Mr. Abouchaer of Syria, on p. 31: {{Cite periodical |last1=Carey |first1=John |last2=Carey |first2=Henry F. |title=Hostility in United Nations Bodies to Judaism, as the Jewish People and Jews as Such |journal=Israel Yearbook on Human Rights |date=1987 |volume=17 |editor1-first=Yoram |editor1-last=Dinstein |editor2-first=Mala |editor2-last=Tabory |publisher=The Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University / Martinus Nijhoff Publishers / Kluwer Academic Publishers |pages=29–40 |lccn=72-955544 |issn=0333-5925 |isbn=90-247-3646-3 |id=[[HeinOnline]] [https://heinonline-org.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/HOL/Page?collection=intyb&handle=hein.intyb/isryhr0017&id=31&men_tab=srchresults isryhr0017].}} | Citing Soviet ideology, on p. 136: {{Cite periodical |last=Korey |first=William |title=The Kremlin and the UN Zionism Equals Racism Resolution |journal=Israel Yearbook on Human Rights |date=1987 |volume=17 |editor1-first=Yoram |editor1-last=Dinstein |editor2-first=Mala |editor2-last=Tabory |publisher=The Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University / Martinus Nijhoff Publishers / Kluwer Academic Publishers |pages=133–148 |lccn=72-955544 |issn=0333-5925 |isbn=90-247-3646-3 |id=[[HeinOnline]] [https://heinonline-org.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/HOL/Page?collection=intyb&handle=hein.intyb/isryhr0017&id=136&men_tab=srchresults isryhr0017].}} | Harkabi, Yehoshafat, ''Arab attitudes to Israel'', pp. 247–248{{full citation needed|date=July 2025}} }}</ref> tauka nyadi gerak [[Zionisme nyadi penyajah penetap|penyajah penetap]].<ref>See for example: {{harvnb|Alam|2009}}, or {{harvnb|Gould-Wartofsky|2010}}</ref><ref>{{bulleted list| | {{harvnb|Masalha|2007|p=314}} | {{harvnb|Curthoys|Ganguly|2007|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=crIxjc564_AC&pg=PA315 315]}} | {{harvnb|Kīfūrkiyān|2009|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=_ka2AmZw3YIC&pg=PA9 9]}} | {{harvnb|Scham|Salem|Pogrund|2005|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=c-cviX0c63YC&pg=PA87 87–]}} }}</ref> == Nota == <references group="lower-alpha"/> == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} 1iq8d2yu00jf4hkpp9xb44fbm98sz00 0 6446 18650 2026-04-22T09:48:26Z Song GK 9 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Infobox body of water | name = Straits of Johor | image = File:Singapore Physiography.jpg | caption = The strait is located between Malaysia and Singapore | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | depth = {{convert|12|m|abbr=on}} | max-depth = {{convert|40|m|abbr=on}} between Sarimbun Rocks and Horseshoe Reef<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Johor Strait, Putri Narrows |url=https://www.nas...' 18650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox body of water | name = Straits of Johor | image = File:Singapore Physiography.jpg | caption = The strait is located between Malaysia and Singapore | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | depth = {{convert|12|m|abbr=on}} | max-depth = {{convert|40|m|abbr=on}} between Sarimbun Rocks and Horseshoe Reef<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Johor Strait, Putri Narrows |url=https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/maps_building_plans/record-details/fb05ba5e-115c-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad |access-date=2025-02-22 |website=www.nas.gov.sg}}</ref> | inflow = | outflow = | catchment = | basin_countries = [[Malaysia]]<br/>[[Singapura]] | length = {{convert|50|km|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|1.6|km|abbr=on}} | min_width = | islands = {{cslist|{{nowrap|[[Pulau Merambong]]|[[Pulau Tekong]]}}|[[Pulau Ubin]]|[[Pulau Serangoon]]|[[Pulau Seletar]]|[[Pulau Sekudu]]|[[Pulau Buloh]]|[[Pulau Sarimbun]]|[[Pulau Ketam (Singapore)]]|[[Pulau Khatib Bongsu]]|[[Pulau Malang Siajar]]|[[Pulau Unum]]|[[Pulau Damien]]|[[Pulau Pergam]]}} | etymology = | location = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|1|26|48|N|103|45|13|E|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | part_of = [[Selat Melaka]] | alt = Kar Malaysia enggau Singapore sereta Selat Johor diayanka ngena chura biru. | type = [[Selat]] | cities = {{cslist|{{nowrap|[[Iskandar Puteri]]}}|[[Johor Bahru]]|[[Pasir Gudang]]|[[Woodlands, Singapore|Woodlands]]|[[Sembawang]]|[[Punggol]]|[[Pasir Ris]]}} | area = | oceans = }} [[File:Changi Airport Fuel Hydrant Installation Jetty 2007-10-03 retouched.jpg|thumb|Jalai penama timur ngagai Selat Johor, pemandang ari langit enggau [[Pulau Singapura]] (kiba) & [[Pulau Ubin]] (latar belakang).]] [[File:Straits of Johor Mar 2026.jpg|thumb|Pemandang Selat Johor ari langit dipeda di Singapura enggau pemandang [[Tambak Johor-Singapura]] ]] [[Image:Singapore-Johor Causeway.jpg|thumb|[[Tambak Johor-Singapura]] ngerentang Selat, dipeda ari Palan Pemeresa di Singapura.]] '''Selat Johor''' (dikelala mega enggau nama '''Selat Tebrau''') nya selat pasang surut di [[Asia Tenggara]], entara menua [[Singapura]] enggau [[Semenanjung Malaysia]]. ==Kereban sanding== {{reflist}} ==Laman web ke bukai== {{Commons category-inline}} {{Authority control}} 8571vnlearv03bnpxt83b8kovp3gyfu 0 6447 18655 2026-04-22T11:39:29Z Changkir Langkau 674 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Infobox person | name = Meghan Trainor | image = Meghan Trainor Alt. 2020 (cropped).png | alt = Meghan Trainor in 2020. | caption = Trainor in 2020 | birth_name = Meghan Elizabeth Trainor | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|12|22|mf=yes}} | birth_place = [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]], U.S. | years_active = 2009–present | occupation = {{flatlist| * Singer-s...' 18655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Meghan Trainor | image = Meghan Trainor Alt. 2020 (cropped).png | alt = Meghan Trainor in 2020. | caption = Trainor in 2020 | birth_name = Meghan Elizabeth Trainor | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|12|22|mf=yes}} | birth_place = [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]], U.S. | years_active = 2009–present | occupation = {{flatlist| * Singer-songwriter * {{nowrap|television personality}} }} | spouse = {{marriage|[[Daryl Sabara]]|2018}} | children = 3 | website = {{URL|meghan-trainor.com}} | awards = [[List of awards and nominations received by Meghan Trainor|Full list]] | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | discography = {{flatlist| * [[Meghan Trainor discography|Discography]] * [[List of songs recorded by Meghan Trainor|songs]] }} | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Pop music|Pop]] * {{nowrap|[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]}} * {{nowrap|[[doo-wop]]}} * {{nowrap|[[blue-eyed soul]]}} }} | instrument = {{flatlist| * Vocals * guitar * ukulele * keyboards * piano * trumpet<!--If an instrument should be added or removed, a discussion to reach consensus is needed first. [[Template:Infobox musical artist#instrument]]--> }} | label = {{flatlist| * Honest OG * [[Epic Records|Epic]] }} }} | signature = Meghan Trainor signature, Billboard Open Letter 2016.png }} '''Meghan Elizabeth Trainor''' (ada 22 Disember 1993)<ref>{{cite web|title=Meghan Trainor|publisher=All Music|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/meghan-trainor-mn0002811293/biography|accessdate=September 14, 2014}}</ref> nya siku [[penanyi-penulis lagu]] sereta [[pemusik]] Amerika. Iya ada lalu besai di [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]]. Presiden [[Epic Records]], L.A. Reid, udah nemu Trainor lalu nyainka iya ngagai kunterik rikut.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6568711/la-reid-epic-mariah-carey-meghan-trainor-top-executive|title=Top Executive: Epic Records' L.A. Reid on Tidal, Meghan Trainor's Winning Streak and Mariah Carey's Return|work=Billboard|access-date=2018-03-10}}</ref> Iya nyadi tebilang nengah lagu iya "[[All About That Bass]]", ti manggau penuduk pemadu atas di sekeda menua, nyengkaum AS, UK, Kanada, enggau Australia. Album label besai Meghan Trainor, ''Title'', udah ngasilka tiga single ti mujur: "Lips Are Movin'", "Dear Future Husband", enggau "Like I'm Gonna Lose You" ke bisi ayan penanyi [[R&B kontemporari|R&B]] [[John Legend]]. Meghan Trainor mega ngerikut, saum nulis sereta ngasilka "Better When I'm Dancin'", ti bisi ayan lebuh kredit penutup ''The Peanuts Movie''. Iya mega bisi ayan dalam single siku penanyi-penulis lagu [[Charlie Puth]] iya nya "Marvin Gaye". == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Pengada 1993]] 38g3v5cy7spw352brzvvsl61dvf13ro 18656 18655 2026-04-22T11:41:00Z Changkir Langkau 674 18656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Meghan Trainor | image = Meghan Trainor Alt. 2020 (cropped).png | alt = Meghan Trainor in 2020. | caption = Trainor in 2020 | birth_name = Meghan Elizabeth Trainor | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|12|22|mf=yes}} | birth_place = [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]], U.S. | years_active = 2009–present | occupation = {{flatlist| * Singer-songwriter * {{nowrap|television personality}} }} | spouse = {{marriage|[[Daryl Sabara]]|2018}} | children = 3 | website = {{URL|meghan-trainor.com}} | awards = [[List of awards and nominations received by Meghan Trainor|Full list]] | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | discography = {{flatlist| * [[Meghan Trainor discography|Discography]] * [[List of songs recorded by Meghan Trainor|songs]] }} | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Pop music|Pop]] * {{nowrap|[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]}} * {{nowrap|[[doo-wop]]}} * {{nowrap|[[blue-eyed soul]]}} }} | instrument = {{flatlist| * Vocals * guitar * ukulele * keyboards * piano * trumpet<!--If an instrument should be added or removed, a discussion to reach consensus is needed first. [[Template:Infobox musical artist#instrument]]--> }} | label = {{flatlist| * Honest OG * [[Epic Records|Epic]] }} }} | signature = Meghan Trainor signature, Billboard Open Letter 2016.png }} '''Meghan Elizabeth Trainor''' (ada 22 Disember 1993)<ref>{{cite web|title=Meghan Trainor|publisher=All Music|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/meghan-trainor-mn0002811293/biography|accessdate=September 14, 2014}}</ref> nya siku [[penanyi-penulis lagu]] sereta [[pemusik]] Amerika. Iya ada lalu besai di [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]]. Presiden [[Epic Records]], L.A. Reid, udah nemu Trainor lalu nyainka iya ngagai kunterik rikut.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6568711/la-reid-epic-mariah-carey-meghan-trainor-top-executive|title=Top Executive: Epic Records' L.A. Reid on Tidal, Meghan Trainor's Winning Streak and Mariah Carey's Return|work=Billboard|access-date=2018-03-10}}</ref> Iya nyadi tebilang nengah lagu iya "[[All About That Bass]]", ti manggau penuduk pemadu atas di sekeda menua, nyengkaum AS, UK, Kanada, enggau Australia. Album label besai Meghan Trainor, ''Title'', udah ngasilka tiga single ti mujur: "Lips Are Movin'", "Dear Future Husband", enggau "Like I'm Gonna Lose You" ke bisi ayan penanyi [[R&B kontemporari|R&B]] [[John Legend]]. Meghan Trainor mega ngerikut, saum nulis sereta ngasilka "Better When I'm Dancin'", ti bisi ayan lebuh kredit penutup ''The Peanuts Movie''. Iya mega bisi ayan dalam single siku penanyi-penulis lagu [[Charlie Puth]] iya nya "Marvin Gaye". == Kereban sanding == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Pengada 1993]] [[Kategori:Orang idup]] [[Kategori:Penanyi indu Amerika kurun ke-21]] h0chwcugtxd69rgw11sjz0re7x1x5xz 0 6448 18658 2026-04-22T11:51:11Z Changkir Langkau 674 Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Infobox software | title = TikTok Pte. Ltd. | name = TikTok | logo = [[File:Tiktok logo text.svg|class=skin-invert-image|220px]] | developer = [[ByteDance]] | released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2016|9|20}} <!-- This parameter is reserved for the software’s earliest known release ONLY, DO NOT add any subsequent releases or developments; those are stated elsewhere in the article. --> | ver layout = stacked | discontinued = No | operating system =...' 18658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox software | title = TikTok Pte. Ltd. | name = TikTok | logo = [[File:Tiktok logo text.svg|class=skin-invert-image|220px]] | developer = [[ByteDance]] | released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2016|9|20}} <!-- This parameter is reserved for the software’s earliest known release ONLY, DO NOT add any subsequent releases or developments; those are stated elsewhere in the article. --> | ver layout = stacked | discontinued = No | operating system = {{ubl|[[iOS 11]] tauka pengudah iya|[[iPadOS]]|[[Android (operating system)|Android]]|[[Android TV]]|[[visionOS]]}} | replaces = {{ubl|[[musical.ly]]|[[live.ly]]}} | language = {{hlist|[[Arabic]]|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]|[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]|[[Burmese language|Burmese]]|[[Cebuano language|Cebuano]]|Chinese ([[Traditional Chinese characters|traditional]] and [[Simplified Chinese characters|simplified]])|[[Croatian language|Croatian]]|[[Czech language|Czech]]|[[Dutch language|Dutch]]|[[English language|English]]|[[Filipino language|Filipino]]|[[French language|French]]|[[German language|German]]|[[Greek language|Greek]]|[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]|[[Hindi]]|[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]|[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]]|[[Italian language|Italian]]|[[Japanese language|Japanese]]|[[Javanese language|Javanese]]|[[Kannada]]|[[Kazakh language|Kazakh]]|[[Khmer language|Khmer]]|[[Korean language|Korean]]|[[Latvian language|Latvian]]|[[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]|[[Malay language|Malay]]|[[Malayalam]]|[[Marathi language|Marathi]]|[[Odia language|Odia]]|[[Polish language|Polish]]|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] ([[Brazilian Portuguese|Brazilian]])|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]|[[Romanian language|Romanian]]|[[Russian language|Russian]]|[[Spanish language|Spanish]]|[[Swedish language|Swedish]]|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]|[[Thai language|Thai]]|[[Turkish language|Turkish]]|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]|[[Uzbek language|Uzbek]]|[[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]}} | language count = 40 | language footnote = <ref name="tunes">{{cite web|title=TikTok – Make Your Day|url=https://apps.apple.com/app/tiktok-real-short-videos/id835599320|publisher=[[iTunes Store]]|access-date=3 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503083727/https://itunes.apple.com/app/tiktok-real-short-videos/id835599320|archive-date=3 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> | genre = {{ubl|[[Video sharing]]|[[Social media]]}} | license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] | website = {{official URL}} }} {{Infobox software | name = Douyin | logo = | collapsible = yes | screenshot = | screenshot size = 200px | caption = | developer = Beijing Microlive Vision Technology Co., Ltd. | released = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2016|9|20}} <!-- This parameter is reserved for the software's earliest known release ONLY, DO NOT add any subsequent releases or developments; those are stated elsewhere in the article. --> | ver layout = stacked | discontinued = No | latest release version = {{multiple releases |branch1 = iOS/iPadOS |version1 = 34.9.0 |date1 = {{Start date and age|2024|06|4}} |branch2 = Android |version2 = 35.1.0 |date2 = {{Start date and age|2024|06|6}} |branch3 = Windows |version3 = 1.0.5.0 |date3 = {{Start date and age|2023|08|21}} |branch4 = macOS |version4 = 2.7.0 |date4 = 16 August 2023, enda diteruska. }} | operating system = {{ubl|[[iOS 11]] lalu udah nya|[[iPadOS 11]] lalu udah nya|[[Android 6.0]] lalu udah nya|[[Windows 7]] lalu udah nya|[[macOS 10.13]] lalu udah nya}} | replaces = | language = [[Simplified Chinese]], [[English language|English]] | genre = [[Video sharing]] | license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] | language count = | language footnote = <ref>{{cite web |title=抖音 |url=https://apps.apple.com/cn/app/id1142110895/ |website=App Store |access-date=15 March 2023 |archive-date=17 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217214058/https://apps.apple.com/cn/app/%E6%8A%96%E9%9F%B3/id1142110895 |url-status=live }}</ref> | website = {{URL|https://douyin.com}} }} {{Infobox Chinese | title = Douyin | c = 抖音 | p = Dǒuyīn | tp = Dǒu-yin | bpmf = ㄉㄡˇ ㄧㄣ | gr = Doouin | w = {{Tonesup|Tou3-yin1}} | mi = {{IPAc-cmn|d|ou|3|.|yin|1}} | l = "Vibrating sound" | j = dau2 jam1 | y = Dáuyām | ci = {{IPAc-yue|d|au|2|-|j|am|1}} }} '''TikTok''' nya servis [[servis jaring rama|jaring rama]] bekunsika video online. Iya ngasuh orang ngaga video pandak ti ulih berengkah ari 3 sikin ngagai 10 minit. Video TikTok tau nyadi pasal sebarang topik. TikTok tu tebilang ba serata dunya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theindustryobserver.thebrag.com/tik-tok-most-popular-app/|title=TikTok is fast becoming the most popular app in the world|date=4 November 2018|website=The Industry Observer|language=en-AU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191005154620/https://theindustryobserver.thebrag.com/tik-tok-most-popular-app/|archive-date=5 October 2019|access-date=30 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Keterubah iya dipansutka baruh nama Douyin di China.<ref name="citizenlab/tiktok-douyin">{{cite journal|last1=Lin|first1=Pellaeon|date=22 March 2021|title=TikTok vs Douyin: A Security and Privacy Analysis|url=https://citizenlab.ca/2021/03/tiktok-vs-douyin-security-privacy-analysis/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716205539/https://citizenlab.ca/2021/03/tiktok-vs-douyin-security-privacy-analysis/|archive-date=16 July 2023|access-date=5 January 2023|website=[[Citizen Lab]]}}</ref> Udah nya iya dipansutka ngagai serata dunya ba taun 2017. Kena taun 2018 Musical.ly udah dibeli TikTok.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lin|first1=Liza|last2=Winkler|first2=Rolfe|date=9 November 2017|title=Social-Media App Musical.ly Is Acquired for as Much as $1 Billion|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/lip-syncing-app-musical-ly-is-acquired-for-as-much-as-1-billion-1510278123|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401173155/https://www.wsj.com/articles/lip-syncing-app-musical-ly-is-acquired-for-as-much-as-1-billion-1510278123|archive-date=1 April 2018|access-date=7 May 2018|website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref><ref name="BusinessInsider">{{Cite news|title=Social video app Musical.ly acquired for up to $1 billion|work=Business Insider|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/social-video-app-musically-acquired-for-up-to-1-billion-2017-11?r=US&IR=T|url-status=live|access-date=5 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905175724/http://uk.businessinsider.com/social-video-app-musically-acquired-for-up-to-1-billion-2017-11?r=US&IR=T|archive-date=5 September 2018}}</ref> ==Kereban sanding== {{reflist}} q2og43cd1nc1l6uv77mcst2v5xdtbrr