Kompeni Hindia Timur Belanda

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="iba">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikipedia</sitename>
    <dbname>ibawiki</dbname>
    <base>https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambar_Keterubah</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.6</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Media</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Spesyel</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Randau</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">Penggena</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">Randau penggena</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Randau Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">Fail</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">Randau fail</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">Randau MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Templat</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Randau templat</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Bantu</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Randau bantu</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Kategori</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Randau kategori</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Modul</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Randau modul</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Acara</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Perbincangan acara</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Kompeni Hindia Timur Belanda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6710</id>
    <revision>
      <id>19336</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-14T12:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Digaga enggau chara nyalin lambar &quot; [[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358605748|Dutch East India Company]] &quot;</comment>
      <origin>19336</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13022" sha1="h8yvuy0ek7tf3q5un1upc5x9j8cxvf6" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox company
| name = Kompeni Hindia Timur Beserakup&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;{{nobold|1602–1799}}&lt;/small&gt;
| logo = VOC.svg
| logo_size = 100
| image = Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg
| image_caption = Menira kompeni (1630)
| native_name = {{ubli|Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie|Generale Vereenichde Geoctrooieerde Compagnie {{lang|en|italic=no|(original name)}}|Vereenigde Nederlandsche Geoctroyeerde Oostindische Compagnie {{noitalic|(formal name)}}
}}
| native_name_lang = nl
| type = Separuh dagang diempu perintah
| industry = [[Conglomerate (company)|Proto-conglomerate]]
| predecessor = {{collapsible list|bullets=y|title={{nobold|{{lang|nl|[[Voorcompagnie]]ën}}{{\}}Pre-companies (1594–1602){{efn|The so-called {{lang|nl|voorcompagnieën}} (or pre-companies) include: {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van Verre]]}} (Amsterdam, 1594–1598), {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Nieuwe Compagnie]]}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Eerste Verenigde Compagnie op Oost-Indië]]}} (Amsterdam, 1598–1601), {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Oude Oost-Indische Compagnie]]}} (Amsterdam, 1598–1601), {{lang|nl|italic=no|Verenigde Amsterdamse Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|Nieuwe of Tweede Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Brabantsche Compagnie]]}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Nieuwe Brabantsche Compagnie]]}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|Magelhaensche Compagnie{{\}}Rotterdamse Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|Middelburgse Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Veerse Compagnie]]}} (Zeeland, 1597), {{lang|nl|italic=no|Verenigde Zeeuwse Compagnie}} (Middelburg &amp; Veere, 1600), {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van De Moucheron]]}} (Zeeland, 1600), and {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Delftse Vennootschap]]}}. Niels Steensgaard notes, &quot;the {{lang|nl|voorcompagnieën}} were not [[Incorporation (business)|incorporated]], but were run by a number of {{lang|nl|bewindhebbers}}, who were joined together like partners in a simple company, i.e. traded on joint account&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Steensgaard |first=Niels |title=The Asian Trade Revolution of the Seventeenth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/asiantraderevolu0000stee |url-access=registration |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1974 |isbn=0-226-77139-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}}}
|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van Verre]]}}|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Brabantsche Compagnie]]}}|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van De Moucheron]]}}|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Veerse Compagnie]]}}}}
| founded = {{start date and age|df=y|1602|03|20}},&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://entoen.nu/voc/en|title=The Dutch East India Company (VOC)|publisher=Canon van Nederland|access-date=19 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201212719/http://entoen.nu/voc/en|archive-date=1 December 2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; by a government-directed [[consolidation (business)|consolidation]] of the {{lang|nl|voorcompagnieën}}/pre-companies
| founder = [[Johan van Oldenbarnevelt]] enggau [[Jeneral Menua Republik Belanda|Jeneral Menua]]
| defunct = {{end date and age|df=y|1799|12|31}}
| fate = [[Dissolution (law)|Dissolved]] and [[Nationalization|nationalised]] as [[Dutch East Indies]]
| hq_location_city = {{plainlist|
* [[Amsterdam]], [[Republik Belanda]] (indu opis global)
* [[Batavia, Hindia Timur Belanda|Batavia]], Hindia Timur Belanda (indu opis kedua tauka palan administrasyen menua tasik)}}
| area_served = {{hlist|[[Asia Tenggara]]|[[Asia Selatan]]|[[Asia–Pacifik]]|[[Selatan Afrika]]}}
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* {{ill|Heeren XVII|nl|Heren XVII}}{{\}}Lords Seventeen{{efn|Nyadi lembaga pengarah}} (Republik Belanda, 1602–1799)
* [[Jeneral Gabenor Hindia Timur Belanda]]{{efn|Nyadi [[ketuai eksekutif]] ''de facto''}} ([[Batavia, Hindia Timur Belanda|Batavia]], 1610–1800)}}
| products = [[Dagang rempah|Rempah]], sutera, [[porselain]], [[besi]], jelu tupi, te, bijirin, berau, [[kachang soya]], [[industri gula|tebu]], [[wain Afrika Selatan|wain]], [[Pengeluar kupi ba Indonesia|kupi]], [[ulun]]
}}
[[Fail:Michiel_Jansz_van_Mierevelt_-_Johan_van_Oldenbarnevelt.jpg|thumb|Kompeni Hindia Timur Beserakup nya asil runding [[Johan van Oldenbarnevelt]], siku orang ti tebilang ba Republik Belanda.]]
[[Fail:SA_3025-De_binnenplaats_van_de_Beurs_van_Hendrick_de_Keyser.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bursa saham Hendrick de Keyser]]
'''Kompeni Hindia Timur Beserakup{{efn|The direct translation of the Dutch name {{lang|nl|Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie}} is ''United East-India Company''. For the VOC's different English-language [[trade name]]s, see articles: [[East India Company (disambiguation)]]; [[Greater India]]; [[East India]]; [[East Indies]]; [[Dutch East Indies]]; [[Dutch India]]; [[Voorcompagnie]]; [[List of Dutch East India Company trading posts and settlements]].}}''' ({{Langx|nl|Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie}} {{AFA|nl|vərˈeːnɪɣdə oːstˈɪndisə kɔmpɑˈɲi|}}; jaku kedut: '''VOC''' {{AFA|nl|veː(j)oːˈseː|}}), ti suah dikelala enggau nama '''Kompeni Hindia Timur Belanda''', nya sebuah [[kompeni dagang]] ti dicharter lalu sebengkah ari kompeni saham begulai ti keterubah di dunya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Exchange History NL – 400 years: the story|url=https://www.beursgeschiedenis.nl/en/the-story/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006122346/https://www.beursgeschiedenis.nl/en/the-story/|archive-date=6 October 2022|access-date=6 October 2022|website=Exchange History NL}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Fergusson |first1=Niall |title=The Ascent of Money – A Financial History of the World |publisher=Penguin |edition=2009 |location=London |pages=128–132}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ditumbuhka Jeneral Menua Belanda kena 20 Mach 1602&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=VOC Knowledge Center – VOC Beginnings|url=https://voc-kenniscentrum.nl/vocbegin.html|website=VOC-Kenniscentrum|language=nl|access-date=6 October 2022|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001004110/https://www.voc-kenniscentrum.nl/vocbegin.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ti begempung enggau kompeni ti udah bisi, iya diberi [[monopoli]] pengelama 21 taun dikena bejalaika aktiviti dagang di Asia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Fergusson |first=Niall |title=The Ascent of Money |publisher=Penguin |edition=2009 |location=London |page=129 |quote=[a monopoly on] all Dutch trade east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saham dalam kompeni nya tau dibeli sebarang peranak [[Republik Belanda]] lalu dibeli enggau dijual ba [[makit sekondari]] tebuka, siti ari pasar nya nyadi Bursa Saham Amsterdam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Fergusson |first=Niall |title=The Ascent of Money – A Financial History of the World |publisher=Penguin Books |edition=2009 |location=London |pages=129–133}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kompeni nya ngembuan kuasa ti sebaka enggau perintah, nyengkaum penau beperang, jil sereta munuh orang ti diukum,'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=11 November 2010|title=Slave Ship Mutiny: Program Transcript|url=http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/transcripts/slave-ship-mutiny-program-transcript/755/|work=Secrets of the Dead|publisher=PBS|access-date=12 November 2010|archive-date=15 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415010629/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/transcripts/slave-ship-mutiny-program-transcript/755/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;''' berundingka sempekat, nginsil duit seling iya empu, sereta numbuhka koloni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ames |first=Glenn J. |title=The Globe Encompassed: The Age of European Discovery, 1500–1700 |year=2008 |pages=102–103}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ketegal iya bedagang ba mayuh bengkah koloni enggau menua ari Timur enggau Barat, VOC kekadang dianggap nyadi [[korporat multinasional]] keterubah di dunya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kb.nl/themas/geschiedenis-en-cultuur/koloniaal-verleden/voc-1602-1799 Koloniaal Verleden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207085730/http://www.kb.nl/themas/geschiedenis-en-cultuur/koloniaal-verleden/voc-1602%E2%80%931799|date=7 February 2015}} VOC at the [[National Library of the Netherlands]] (in Dutch)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Updated 10.19.2016|first=Ben Phelan Posted 01 07 2013|title=Dutch East India Company: The World's First Multinational|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/roadshow/articles/dutch-east-india-company-the-worlds-first-multinational/|access-date=2024-01-27|website=Antiques Roadshow|publisher=PBS}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ari sukut statistik, VOC nya ngelui semua kompeni ti besaing enggau iya dalam dagang Asia. Entara taun 1602 enggau 1796, VOC nganjung semak sejuta iku orang Eropah gawa ba pengawa dagang Asia ngena 4,785 iti kapal, lalu bulih jalai ketegal pengawa sida lebih ari 2.5&amp;nbsp;juta tan barang dagang Asia enggau ulun. Enti dibida, menua Eropah ke bukai enti dipegulai nganjung 882,412 iku orang ari taun 1500 ngagai 1795. Armada Inggeris, ke udah nya nyadi [[Kompeni Hindia Timur British]], pemekit VOC ke pemadu semak, nyadi kedua ke jauh ari penyampau trafik iya, enggau 2,690 buah kapal sereta satu perlima tan barang ke dibai VOC. VOC bulih penguntung ti besai ari monopoli rempah iya nengah sebagi besai kurun ke-17.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Van Boven|first=M. W.|date=2006|title=Memory of the World – Archives of the Dutch East India Company: Nomination Form – VOC Archives Appendix 2|url=http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/22635/11546101681netherlands_voc_archives.doc/netherlands%2Bvoc%2Barchives.doc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020170457/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D22635%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html|archive-date=20 October 2016|access-date=10 February 2010|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Udah ditumbuhka dalam taun 1602 dikena ngulihka penguntung ari dagang rempah [[Pulau-pulau Maluku|Maluku]], VOC numbuhka indu nengeri ba mengeri palan penyangkai kapal [[Jakarta|Jayakarta]] dalam taun 1619 lalu nukar nama iya ngagai [[Batavia, Hindia Timur Belanda|Batavia]], diatu [[Jakarta]]. Dalam kandang dua kurun udah nya, kompeni nya ngulihka palan penyangkai kapal tambah nyadika palan dagang lalu nyaga pemerat sida enggau ngambi kandang menua ke ngelingi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Vickers |first=Adrian |url=https://www.academia.edu/42846019 |title=A History of Modern Indonesia |date=2005 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-511-13492-0 |author-link=Adrian Vickers |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iya mengkang nyadika pengirau dagang ti beguna lalu mayar dividen ninting taun ti purata urung 18% ari puku pengelama semak 200 taun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Taylor|first=Bryan|title=The Rise And Fall Of The Largest Corporation In History|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/rise-and-fall-of-united-east-india-2013-11|access-date=2024-04-30|website=Business Insider}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ditimbang ketegal pengawa mai barang sechara belalai, makai suap enggau ungkus pentadbiran ti majak nambah ba ujung abad ke-18, kompeni nya bankrap lalu dibuai enggau formal dalam taun 1799. Reta tengkira enggau utang iya diambi perintah [[Republik Batavia]] Belanda.

== Nota ==
 

== Kereban sanding ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliografi ==

* {{Cite book |last=De Vries |first=Jan |url=https://archive.org/details/firstmodernecono0000devr |title=The First Modern Economy: Success, Failure, and Perseverance of the Dutch Economy, 1500–1815 |last2=Van der Woude |first2=Ad |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1997 |isbn=0-521-57061-1 |author-link=Jan de Vries (historian) |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |title=Law, Labour and Empire: Comparative Perspectives on Seafarers, c. 1500–1800 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-137-44746-3 |editor-last=Fusaro |editor-first=Maria |editor-last2=Allaire |editor-first2=Bernard |editor-last3=Blakemore |editor-first3=Richard J. |editor-last4=Vanneste |editor-first4=Tijl}}
* {{Cite book |last=Ricklefs |first=M. C. |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmoderni0000rick_i0z4 |title=A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300 |publisher=MacMillan |year=1993 |isbn=0-333-57689-6 |location=London |author-link=M. C. Ricklefs |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last=Chaudhuri |first=K. N. |url=https://archive.org/details/anglodutchmoment0000unse |title=The Anglo-Dutch Moment: Essays on the Glorious Revolution and Its World Impact |last2=Israel |first2=J. I. |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1991 |isbn=0-521-39075-3 |editor-last=Israel |editor-first=J. I. |editor-link=Jonathan Israel |author-link=Kirti N. Chaudhuri |author-link2=Jonathan Israel |url-access=registration}}

== Laman web ke bukai ==
{{Commons category}}

* [http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/DAS/voyages Pejalai VOC] – pangkalan data online pejalai kapal VOC
* [https://www.atlasofmutualheritage.nl/en/ Atlas Pesaka Saling] – atlas online palan pengentap pendiau VOC enggau GWC
* {{In lang|nl}} [https://vocopvarenden.nationaalarchief.nl/default.aspx Pangkalan data raban kru VOC] Diarkib 
* [http://www.vochistory.org.au/ Gerempung Sejarah VOC] Diarkib 
* [http://vocwarfare.net Perang VOC]
* [https://sejarah-nusantara.anri.go.id/foreword/ Arkib VOC ari arkib nasional Indonesia] Diarkib 
{{Authority control}}</text>
      <sha1>h8yvuy0ek7tf3q5un1upc5x9j8cxvf6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>19337</id>
      <parentid>19336</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-14T12:32:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Nota */</comment>
      <origin>19337</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13053" sha1="nlezsbfp8a9z85v0hy3awg618xhv4u9" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox company
| name = Kompeni Hindia Timur Beserakup&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;{{nobold|1602–1799}}&lt;/small&gt;
| logo = VOC.svg
| logo_size = 100
| image = Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg
| image_caption = Menira kompeni (1630)
| native_name = {{ubli|Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie|Generale Vereenichde Geoctrooieerde Compagnie {{lang|en|italic=no|(original name)}}|Vereenigde Nederlandsche Geoctroyeerde Oostindische Compagnie {{noitalic|(formal name)}}
}}
| native_name_lang = nl
| type = Separuh dagang diempu perintah
| industry = [[Conglomerate (company)|Proto-conglomerate]]
| predecessor = {{collapsible list|bullets=y|title={{nobold|{{lang|nl|[[Voorcompagnie]]ën}}{{\}}Pre-companies (1594–1602){{efn|The so-called {{lang|nl|voorcompagnieën}} (or pre-companies) include: {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van Verre]]}} (Amsterdam, 1594–1598), {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Nieuwe Compagnie]]}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Eerste Verenigde Compagnie op Oost-Indië]]}} (Amsterdam, 1598–1601), {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Oude Oost-Indische Compagnie]]}} (Amsterdam, 1598–1601), {{lang|nl|italic=no|Verenigde Amsterdamse Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|Nieuwe of Tweede Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Brabantsche Compagnie]]}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Nieuwe Brabantsche Compagnie]]}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|Magelhaensche Compagnie{{\}}Rotterdamse Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|Middelburgse Compagnie}}, {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Veerse Compagnie]]}} (Zeeland, 1597), {{lang|nl|italic=no|Verenigde Zeeuwse Compagnie}} (Middelburg &amp; Veere, 1600), {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van De Moucheron]]}} (Zeeland, 1600), and {{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Voorcompagnie|Delftse Vennootschap]]}}. Niels Steensgaard notes, &quot;the {{lang|nl|voorcompagnieën}} were not [[Incorporation (business)|incorporated]], but were run by a number of {{lang|nl|bewindhebbers}}, who were joined together like partners in a simple company, i.e. traded on joint account&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Steensgaard |first=Niels |title=The Asian Trade Revolution of the Seventeenth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/asiantraderevolu0000stee |url-access=registration |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1974 |isbn=0-226-77139-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}}}
|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van Verre]]}}|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Brabantsche Compagnie]]}}|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Compagnie van De Moucheron]]}}|{{lang|nl|italic=no|[[Veerse Compagnie]]}}}}
| founded = {{start date and age|df=y|1602|03|20}},&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://entoen.nu/voc/en|title=The Dutch East India Company (VOC)|publisher=Canon van Nederland|access-date=19 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201212719/http://entoen.nu/voc/en|archive-date=1 December 2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; by a government-directed [[consolidation (business)|consolidation]] of the {{lang|nl|voorcompagnieën}}/pre-companies
| founder = [[Johan van Oldenbarnevelt]] enggau [[Jeneral Menua Republik Belanda|Jeneral Menua]]
| defunct = {{end date and age|df=y|1799|12|31}}
| fate = [[Dissolution (law)|Dissolved]] and [[Nationalization|nationalised]] as [[Dutch East Indies]]
| hq_location_city = {{plainlist|
* [[Amsterdam]], [[Republik Belanda]] (indu opis global)
* [[Batavia, Hindia Timur Belanda|Batavia]], Hindia Timur Belanda (indu opis kedua tauka palan administrasyen menua tasik)}}
| area_served = {{hlist|[[Asia Tenggara]]|[[Asia Selatan]]|[[Asia–Pacifik]]|[[Selatan Afrika]]}}
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* {{ill|Heeren XVII|nl|Heren XVII}}{{\}}Lords Seventeen{{efn|Nyadi lembaga pengarah}} (Republik Belanda, 1602–1799)
* [[Jeneral Gabenor Hindia Timur Belanda]]{{efn|Nyadi [[ketuai eksekutif]] ''de facto''}} ([[Batavia, Hindia Timur Belanda|Batavia]], 1610–1800)}}
| products = [[Dagang rempah|Rempah]], sutera, [[porselain]], [[besi]], jelu tupi, te, bijirin, berau, [[kachang soya]], [[industri gula|tebu]], [[wain Afrika Selatan|wain]], [[Pengeluar kupi ba Indonesia|kupi]], [[ulun]]
}}
[[Fail:Michiel_Jansz_van_Mierevelt_-_Johan_van_Oldenbarnevelt.jpg|thumb|Kompeni Hindia Timur Beserakup nya asil runding [[Johan van Oldenbarnevelt]], siku orang ti tebilang ba Republik Belanda.]]
[[Fail:SA_3025-De_binnenplaats_van_de_Beurs_van_Hendrick_de_Keyser.jpg|alt=|thumb|Bursa saham Hendrick de Keyser]]
'''Kompeni Hindia Timur Beserakup{{efn|The direct translation of the Dutch name {{lang|nl|Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie}} is ''United East-India Company''. For the VOC's different English-language [[trade name]]s, see articles: [[East India Company (disambiguation)]]; [[Greater India]]; [[East India]]; [[East Indies]]; [[Dutch East Indies]]; [[Dutch India]]; [[Voorcompagnie]]; [[List of Dutch East India Company trading posts and settlements]].}}''' ({{Langx|nl|Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie}} {{AFA|nl|vərˈeːnɪɣdə oːstˈɪndisə kɔmpɑˈɲi|}}; jaku kedut: '''VOC''' {{AFA|nl|veː(j)oːˈseː|}}), ti suah dikelala enggau nama '''Kompeni Hindia Timur Belanda''', nya sebuah [[kompeni dagang]] ti dicharter lalu sebengkah ari kompeni saham begulai ti keterubah di dunya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Exchange History NL – 400 years: the story|url=https://www.beursgeschiedenis.nl/en/the-story/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006122346/https://www.beursgeschiedenis.nl/en/the-story/|archive-date=6 October 2022|access-date=6 October 2022|website=Exchange History NL}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Fergusson |first1=Niall |title=The Ascent of Money – A Financial History of the World |publisher=Penguin |edition=2009 |location=London |pages=128–132}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ditumbuhka Jeneral Menua Belanda kena 20 Mach 1602&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=VOC Knowledge Center – VOC Beginnings|url=https://voc-kenniscentrum.nl/vocbegin.html|website=VOC-Kenniscentrum|language=nl|access-date=6 October 2022|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001004110/https://www.voc-kenniscentrum.nl/vocbegin.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ti begempung enggau kompeni ti udah bisi, iya diberi [[monopoli]] pengelama 21 taun dikena bejalaika aktiviti dagang di Asia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Fergusson |first=Niall |title=The Ascent of Money |publisher=Penguin |edition=2009 |location=London |page=129 |quote=[a monopoly on] all Dutch trade east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saham dalam kompeni nya tau dibeli sebarang peranak [[Republik Belanda]] lalu dibeli enggau dijual ba [[makit sekondari]] tebuka, siti ari pasar nya nyadi Bursa Saham Amsterdam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Fergusson |first=Niall |title=The Ascent of Money – A Financial History of the World |publisher=Penguin Books |edition=2009 |location=London |pages=129–133}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kompeni nya ngembuan kuasa ti sebaka enggau perintah, nyengkaum penau beperang, jil sereta munuh orang ti diukum,'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=11 November 2010|title=Slave Ship Mutiny: Program Transcript|url=http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/transcripts/slave-ship-mutiny-program-transcript/755/|work=Secrets of the Dead|publisher=PBS|access-date=12 November 2010|archive-date=15 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415010629/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/transcripts/slave-ship-mutiny-program-transcript/755/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;''' berundingka sempekat, nginsil duit seling iya empu, sereta numbuhka koloni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Ames |first=Glenn J. |title=The Globe Encompassed: The Age of European Discovery, 1500–1700 |year=2008 |pages=102–103}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ketegal iya bedagang ba mayuh bengkah koloni enggau menua ari Timur enggau Barat, VOC kekadang dianggap nyadi [[korporat multinasional]] keterubah di dunya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kb.nl/themas/geschiedenis-en-cultuur/koloniaal-verleden/voc-1602-1799 Koloniaal Verleden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207085730/http://www.kb.nl/themas/geschiedenis-en-cultuur/koloniaal-verleden/voc-1602%E2%80%931799|date=7 February 2015}} VOC at the [[National Library of the Netherlands]] (in Dutch)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Updated 10.19.2016|first=Ben Phelan Posted 01 07 2013|title=Dutch East India Company: The World's First Multinational|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/roadshow/articles/dutch-east-india-company-the-worlds-first-multinational/|access-date=2024-01-27|website=Antiques Roadshow|publisher=PBS}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ari sukut statistik, VOC nya ngelui semua kompeni ti besaing enggau iya dalam dagang Asia. Entara taun 1602 enggau 1796, VOC nganjung semak sejuta iku orang Eropah gawa ba pengawa dagang Asia ngena 4,785 iti kapal, lalu bulih jalai ketegal pengawa sida lebih ari 2.5&amp;nbsp;juta tan barang dagang Asia enggau ulun. Enti dibida, menua Eropah ke bukai enti dipegulai nganjung 882,412 iku orang ari taun 1500 ngagai 1795. Armada Inggeris, ke udah nya nyadi [[Kompeni Hindia Timur British]], pemekit VOC ke pemadu semak, nyadi kedua ke jauh ari penyampau trafik iya, enggau 2,690 buah kapal sereta satu perlima tan barang ke dibai VOC. VOC bulih penguntung ti besai ari monopoli rempah iya nengah sebagi besai kurun ke-17.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Van Boven|first=M. W.|date=2006|title=Memory of the World – Archives of the Dutch East India Company: Nomination Form – VOC Archives Appendix 2|url=http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/22635/11546101681netherlands_voc_archives.doc/netherlands%2Bvoc%2Barchives.doc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020170457/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID%3D22635%26URL_DO%3DDO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION%3D201.html|archive-date=20 October 2016|access-date=10 February 2010|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Udah ditumbuhka dalam taun 1602 dikena ngulihka penguntung ari dagang rempah [[Pulau-pulau Maluku|Maluku]], VOC numbuhka indu nengeri ba mengeri palan penyangkai kapal [[Jakarta|Jayakarta]] dalam taun 1619 lalu nukar nama iya ngagai [[Batavia, Hindia Timur Belanda|Batavia]], diatu [[Jakarta]]. Dalam kandang dua kurun udah nya, kompeni nya ngulihka palan penyangkai kapal tambah nyadika palan dagang lalu nyaga pemerat sida enggau ngambi kandang menua ke ngelingi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Vickers |first=Adrian |url=https://www.academia.edu/42846019 |title=A History of Modern Indonesia |date=2005 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-511-13492-0 |author-link=Adrian Vickers |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iya mengkang nyadika pengirau dagang ti beguna lalu mayar dividen ninting taun ti purata urung 18% ari puku pengelama semak 200 taun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Taylor|first=Bryan|title=The Rise And Fall Of The Largest Corporation In History|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/rise-and-fall-of-united-east-india-2013-11|access-date=2024-04-30|website=Business Insider}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ditimbang ketegal pengawa mai barang sechara belalai, makai suap enggau ungkus pentadbiran ti majak nambah ba ujung abad ke-18, kompeni nya bankrap lalu dibuai enggau formal dalam taun 1799. Reta tengkira enggau utang iya diambi perintah [[Republik Batavia]] Belanda.

== Nota ==
&lt;references group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;/&gt;

== Kereban sanding ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliografi ==

* {{Cite book |last=De Vries |first=Jan |url=https://archive.org/details/firstmodernecono0000devr |title=The First Modern Economy: Success, Failure, and Perseverance of the Dutch Economy, 1500–1815 |last2=Van der Woude |first2=Ad |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1997 |isbn=0-521-57061-1 |author-link=Jan de Vries (historian) |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |title=Law, Labour and Empire: Comparative Perspectives on Seafarers, c. 1500–1800 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-137-44746-3 |editor-last=Fusaro |editor-first=Maria |editor-last2=Allaire |editor-first2=Bernard |editor-last3=Blakemore |editor-first3=Richard J. |editor-last4=Vanneste |editor-first4=Tijl}}
* {{Cite book |last=Ricklefs |first=M. C. |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmoderni0000rick_i0z4 |title=A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300 |publisher=MacMillan |year=1993 |isbn=0-333-57689-6 |location=London |author-link=M. C. Ricklefs |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last=Chaudhuri |first=K. N. |url=https://archive.org/details/anglodutchmoment0000unse |title=The Anglo-Dutch Moment: Essays on the Glorious Revolution and Its World Impact |last2=Israel |first2=J. I. |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1991 |isbn=0-521-39075-3 |editor-last=Israel |editor-first=J. I. |editor-link=Jonathan Israel |author-link=Kirti N. Chaudhuri |author-link2=Jonathan Israel |url-access=registration}}

== Laman web ke bukai ==
{{Commons category}}

* [http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/DAS/voyages Pejalai VOC] – pangkalan data online pejalai kapal VOC
* [https://www.atlasofmutualheritage.nl/en/ Atlas Pesaka Saling] – atlas online palan pengentap pendiau VOC enggau GWC
* {{In lang|nl}} [https://vocopvarenden.nationaalarchief.nl/default.aspx Pangkalan data raban kru VOC] Diarkib 
* [http://www.vochistory.org.au/ Gerempung Sejarah VOC] Diarkib 
* [http://vocwarfare.net Perang VOC]
* [https://sejarah-nusantara.anri.go.id/foreword/ Arkib VOC ari arkib nasional Indonesia] Diarkib 
{{Authority control}}</text>
      <sha1>nlezsbfp8a9z85v0hy3awg618xhv4u9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kategori:Artikel enggau sumber jaku Belanda (nl)</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>6711</id>
    <revision>
      <id>19338</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-14T12:33:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Kategori sumber ukai jaku Iban}}'</comment>
      <origin>19338</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34" sha1="6076wlzprhayhewk04jp9gd7ca0q8qv" xml:space="preserve">{{Kategori sumber ukai jaku Iban}}</text>
      <sha1>6076wlzprhayhewk04jp9gd7ca0q8qv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:\</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>6712</id>
    <redirect title="Templat:Fraction" />
    <revision>
      <id>19339</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-14T12:36:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Melencong ke [[Templat:Fraction]]</comment>
      <origin>19339</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" sha1="s9en7kw68slbgt43mmq0fzcrw7py5lu" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Template:Fraction]]</text>
      <sha1>s9en7kw68slbgt43mmq0fzcrw7py5lu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kevin Hart</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>19340</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T11:27:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Infobox comedian |name        = Kevin Hart |image       = Kevin Hart 2014 (cropped 2).jpg |caption     = Hart maya taun 2014 |birth_name  = Kevin Darnell Hart |birth_date  = {{Birth date and age|1979|7|6}} |birth_place = [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania, U.S. |education   = &lt;!-- Per MOS:INFOEDU, for secondary-school graduates only --&gt; |active      = 2001–present |spouse      = {{plainlist| * {{marriage|[[Torrei Hart|Torrei Skipper]]|2003|2011|end=div...'</comment>
      <origin>19340</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3574" sha1="mb191rwkrkhgp9css7oou9tbyv6evjd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox comedian
|name        = Kevin Hart
|image       = Kevin Hart 2014 (cropped 2).jpg
|caption     = Hart maya taun 2014
|birth_name  = Kevin Darnell Hart
|birth_date  = {{Birth date and age|1979|7|6}}
|birth_place = [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania, U.S.
|education   = &lt;!-- Per MOS:INFOEDU, for secondary-school graduates only --&gt;
|active      = 2001–present
|spouse      = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Torrei Hart|Torrei Skipper]]|2003|2011|end=div}}
* {{marriage|Eniko Parrish|2016}}
}}
|children    = 4
|medium      = {{hlist|Stand-up|filem|televisyen}}
|genre       = {{hlist|[[Observational comedy]]|[[kemedi petang]]|[[Surreal humour|surreal humor]]|[[insult comedy]]|[[racial humor]]|[[sarcasm]]|[[satire]]}}
|subject     = {{hlist|[[budaya Afrika-Amerika]]|[[everyday life]]|[[seksualiti mensia]]|[[marriage]]|[[parenting]]|[[pop culture]]|[[race relations]]|[[racism]]|[[self-deprecation]]}}
|website     = {{URL|https://kevinhartnation.com/|kevinhartnation.com}}
}}

'''Kevin Darnell Hart''' (ada 6 Julai 1979) nya siku pelawak enggau pengelulu Amerika. Pengudah menang ba sekeda pekit komedi kediri, Hart bisi pemujur keterubah iya lebuh [[Judd Apatow]] ngelakunka iya dalam pengawa ti suah nyadi ba siri TV ''[[Undeclared]]'' (2001). Reputasyen komedi Hart majak ngerembai enggau pengawa ngeluarka album kediri keterubah iya ''[[Kevin Hart: I'm a Grown Little Man|I'm a Grown Little Man]]'' (2009). Iya udah ngeluarka empat iti agi album komedi: ''Seriously Funny'' (2010), ''[[Kevin Hart: Laugh at My Pain|Laugh at My Pain]]'' (2011), ''[[Kevin Hart: Let Me Explain|Let Me Explain]]'' (2013), enggau ''[[Kevin Hart: What Now?|What Now?]]'' (2016).

Sekumbang nyadi pengelulu, Hart bisi pengawa ba filem-filem baka ''[[Paper Soldiers]]'' (2002), ''[[Scary Movie 3]]'' (2003), ''[[Soul Plane]]'' (2004), ''[[In the Mix (filem)|In the Mix]]'' (2005), ''[[Little Fockers]]'' (2010), ''[[Think Like a Man]]'' (2012), ''[[Grudge Match]]'' (2013), ''[[Ride Along (filem)|Ride Along]]'' (2014), ''[[About Last Night (2014 filem)|About Last Night]]'' (2014), ''[[Get Hard]]'' (2015), ''[[Central Intelligence]]'' (2016), [[The Secret Life of Pets (franchais)|francais filem ''The Secret Life of Pets'']] (2016–2019), ''[[Ride Along 2]]'' (2016), ''[[Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie]]'' (2017), the [[Jumanji (franchais)|franchais filem ''Jumanji'']] (2017–kemaya tu), enggau ''[[Night School (2018 filem)|Night School]]'' (2018). Iya mega ngaga sereta ngelakunka diri nyadi versyen fiksyen diri empu dalam ''[[Real Husbands of Hollywood]]'' (2013–2016). Ba taun 2017, iya ngelancharka [[Laugh Out Loud Network]], servis streaming video langganan begulai enggau [[Lionsgate Studios|Lionsgate]]. 

Hart udah nerima mayuh macham anugerah nyengkaum [[Anugerah Mark Twain ungkup Humor Amerika]] ba taun 2024, enggau nominasyen ungkup dua [[Anugerah Grammy]] enggau empat [[Anugerah Emmy Perdana]]. Ba taun 2015, majalah ''[[Time (majalah)|Time]]'' ngenamaka iya ba rintai ninting taun iya [[Time 100|100 orang ke pemadu bepengaruh ba dunya]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=April 15, 2015 |title=Kevin Hart: The World's 100 Most Influential People |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |url=http://time.com/3823293/kevin-hart-2015-time-100/ |url-status=live |access-date=November 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714083541/http://time.com/3823293/kevin-hart-2015-time-100/ |archive-date=July 14, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Kereban sanding==
{{reflist}}

[[Kategori:Pengada 1979]]
[[Kategori:Orang idup]]
[[Kategori:Pengelulu laki Amerika kurun ke-21]]</text>
      <sha1>mb191rwkrkhgp9css7oou9tbyv6evjd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Infobox comedian</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>6714</id>
    <revision>
      <id>19341</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T11:28:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=Infobox person | template_name = infobox comedian  | _alias-map = pseudonym:other_names, notable_work:notable_works,   | _reuse = module, module2, module3, misc, misc2, misc3, years_active, years active, yearsactive  | _exclude = medium, genre, subject, subjects, memorials, current_members, Current_members, Past_members, past_members, active  | module = {{Infobox  | child   = yes  | autoheaders = y...'</comment>
      <origin>19341</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1932" sha1="ko9x0rmc6n6geag9pswhtfufyj8yob7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=Infobox person
| template_name = infobox comedian

| _alias-map = pseudonym:other_names, notable_work:notable_works, 

| _reuse = module, module2, module3, misc, misc2, misc3, years_active, years active, yearsactive

| _exclude = medium, genre, subject, subjects, memorials, current_members, Current_members, Past_members, past_members, active

| module = {{Infobox
 | child   = yes
 | autoheaders = yes
 
 | header1 = Pengawa kemedi

 | label2  = Years&amp;nbsp;active
 | data2   = {{if empty|{{{years active|}}}|{{{years_active|}}}|{{{yearsactive|}}}|{{{active|}}}}}

 | label3  = &lt;span title=&quot;How this comedian performs, e.g. stand-up comedy, film or television actor, etc.&quot;&gt;Medium&lt;/span&gt;
 | data3   = {{{medium|}}}
 | class3  = category

 | label4  = [[Genre kemedi|Genre]]{{pluralize from text|{{{genre|}}}|plural=s}}
 | data4   = {{{genre|}}}
 | class4  = category

 | label5  = Subjek
 | data5   = {{if empty|{{{subject|}}}|{{{subjects|}}}}}
 | class5  = category

 | label6  = Memorial
 | data6   = {{{memorials|}}}

 | label7  = Kaban
 | data7   = {{if empty|{{{Current_members|}}}|{{{current_members|}}}}}

 | label8  = Kaban kelia
 | data8   = {{if empty|{{{Past_members|}}}|{{{past_members|}}}}}

 | header9 = _BLANK_
 | data10  = {{if empty|{{{misc|}}}|{{{module|}}}}}
 | data11  = {{if empty|{{{misc2|}}}|{{{module2|}}}}}
 | data12  = {{if empty|{{{misc3|}}}|{{{module3|}}}}}

 }}
}}{{#invoke:Check for conflicting parameters|check
| template = [[Template:Infobox comedian]]
| cat = {{main other|Category:Pages using infobox comedian with conflicting parameters}}
| pseudonym; other_names
| notable_work; notable_works
| years active; years_active; yearsactive; active 
| subject; subjects 
| Current_members; current_members 
| Past_members; past_members 
| misc; module 
| misc2; module2 
| misc3; module3 
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ko9x0rmc6n6geag9pswhtfufyj8yob7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chris Tucker</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>19342</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T11:37:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '{{Infobox comedian | name           = Chris Tucker   | image          = Chris Tucker by Gage Skidmore.jpg | caption        = Tucker ba taun 2019 | birth_name     = Christopher Tucker | birth_date     = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1971|8|31}} | birth_place    = [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S. | active         = 1992–diatu | spouse         = {{marriage|Azja Pryor|1997|2003|end=sarak}} | children       = 1 | medium         = {{hlist|Stand-up|filem|televisyen...'</comment>
      <origin>19342</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1642" sha1="gs9qanqif9skxj66n74u9qr8m3qqjso" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox comedian
| name           = Chris Tucker  
| image          = Chris Tucker by Gage Skidmore.jpg
| caption        = Tucker ba taun 2019
| birth_name     = Christopher Tucker
| birth_date     = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1971|8|31}}
| birth_place    = [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S.
| active         = 1992–diatu
| spouse         = {{marriage|Azja Pryor|1997|2003|end=sarak}}
| children       = 1
| medium         = {{hlist|Stand-up|filem|televisyen}}
| genre          = {{hlist|[[Observational comedy]]|[[sarcasm]]|[[komedi petang]]|[[insult comedy]]}}
| subject        = {{hlist|[[African-American culture]]|[[World news|current events]]|[[human sexuality]]|[[Popular culture|pop culture]]|[[race relations]]|[[racism]]}}
}}

'''Christopher Tucker''' (ada 31 Ogos 1971) nya pelawak kediri enggau pengelulu Amerika. Iya ngaga debut iya ba taun 1992 nyadi pemerindang kemedi kediri dalam siri kemedi [[HBO]] ''[[Def Comedy Jam]]'', ke alai iya suah ayan ba randau nya maya taun 1990-an. Iya ngaga debut filem iya dalam ''[[House Party 3]]'' ba taun 1994 lalu bulih pengangkun ke besai agi ba ''[[Friday (1995 filem)|Friday]]'' taun ke nangkanka nya. Ba taun 1997, iya sama bekelulu dalam filem-filem ''[[The Fifth Element]]'' enggau ''[[Money Talks (1997 filem)|Money Talks]]'', lalu kala bekelulu nyadi watak sukung dalam filem [[Quentin Tarantino]] ''[[Jackie Brown]]''. Tucker nyadi tebilang ba renggat entarabansa ba taun 2000-an ketegal belakun nyadi Detektif James Carter dalam [[Rush Hour (franchais)|siri filem ''Rush Hour'']].

[[Kategori:Pengada 1971]]
[[Kategori:Orang idup]]
[[Kategori:Pengelulu laki Malaysia kurun ke-21]]</text>
      <sha1>gs9qanqif9skxj66n74u9qr8m3qqjso</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>19343</id>
      <parentid>19342</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-15T11:38:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Song GK</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>19343</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1641" sha1="c8joa67uj7zndeiqkvkabwzxixv6isy" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox comedian
| name           = Chris Tucker  
| image          = Chris Tucker by Gage Skidmore.jpg
| caption        = Tucker ba taun 2019
| birth_name     = Christopher Tucker
| birth_date     = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1971|8|31}}
| birth_place    = [[Atlanta, Georgia]], U.S.
| active         = 1992–diatu
| spouse         = {{marriage|Azja Pryor|1997|2003|end=sarak}}
| children       = 1
| medium         = {{hlist|Stand-up|filem|televisyen}}
| genre          = {{hlist|[[Observational comedy]]|[[sarcasm]]|[[komedi petang]]|[[insult comedy]]}}
| subject        = {{hlist|[[African-American culture]]|[[World news|current events]]|[[human sexuality]]|[[Popular culture|pop culture]]|[[race relations]]|[[racism]]}}
}}

'''Christopher Tucker''' (ada 31 Ogos 1971) nya pelawak kediri enggau pengelulu Amerika. Iya ngaga debut iya ba taun 1992 nyadi pemerindang kemedi kediri dalam siri kemedi [[HBO]] ''[[Def Comedy Jam]]'', ke alai iya suah ayan ba randau nya maya taun 1990-an. Iya ngaga debut filem iya dalam ''[[House Party 3]]'' ba taun 1994 lalu bulih pengangkun ke besai agi ba ''[[Friday (1995 filem)|Friday]]'' taun ke nangkanka nya. Ba taun 1997, iya sama bekelulu dalam filem-filem ''[[The Fifth Element]]'' enggau ''[[Money Talks (1997 filem)|Money Talks]]'', lalu kala bekelulu nyadi watak sukung dalam filem [[Quentin Tarantino]] ''[[Jackie Brown]]''. Tucker nyadi tebilang ba renggat entarabansa ba taun 2000-an ketegal belakun nyadi Detektif James Carter dalam [[Rush Hour (franchais)|siri filem ''Rush Hour'']].

[[Kategori:Pengada 1971]]
[[Kategori:Orang idup]]
[[Kategori:Pengelulu laki Amerika kurun ke-21]]</text>
      <sha1>c8joa67uj7zndeiqkvkabwzxixv6isy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>