Wikipedia iewiki https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_p%C3%A1gine MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.6 first-letter Media Special Discussion Usator Usator Discussion Wikipedia Wikipedia Discussion File File Discussion MediaWiki MediaWiki Discussion Avise Avise Discussion Auxilie Auxilie Discussion Categorie Categorie Discussion TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3906 168282 168248 2026-06-14T16:32:05Z InternetArchiveBot 14934 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 168282 wikitext text/x-wiki * <small>''Ti liste ne es complet; ples auxiliar con adjunter plu detallies. (August 2023)''</small> [[File:Edgar de Wahl 1926.jpg|197px|right|thumb|Edgar de Wahl, creator del Occidental.]] [[File:Occidental-Union, Wien 1928.jpg|thumb|Quelc occidentalistes: Engelbert Pigal, Karl Janotta, A. Deminger, [[Hanns Hörbiger]], Eugen Moess, [[Franz Houdek]], [[Hans Robert Hörbiger|Johann Robert Hörbiger]].]] Ti es un '''liste de Interlinguistes e Occidentalistes'''. == Anglia == *Sr. [[N.H. Divall]] ex London (23 Womersley Road), Occidentalist anglesi e secretario del Britannic Occidental Association<ref name="Cgl. 1946 p.6">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111416/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=6&size=45 Cgl. 1946 p.6]</ref>. * Sr. [[Ilmari Federn]] - autor del Occidental-English Vocabulary (1937, 16 págines) e li Occidental-Dansk Ordbog (1937, 36 págines). Filio del austrian autor [[Karl Federn]] (1868 - 1943), Ilmari traductet pluri de su ovres in Occidental,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111542/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=104&size=45 Cgl. 1943 p.104]</ref> includent Li pont<ref>https://archive.org/details/Kosmoglott-Cosmoglotta_1937_n113_mar-apr/page/n15 Cgl. 1937</ref> e Li verd parapluvie<ref>https://archive.org/details/Kosmoglott-Cosmoglotta_1935_n103_jul-aug/page/n13</ref>. Nominat li "dextri manu de de Wahl"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111543/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=67 Cgl. 1945 p.67]: "Tis queles conosse Sr. Federn personalmen e save quant grand esset su activitá e su influentie in nor movement (il esset in facte li dextri manu de nor mastro de Wahl) va associar se al joya del sviss ductores pri ti unesim signe de vive de nor car amico pos un tre long silentie."</ref>. Fat li final revision<ref name="Cgl. 1945 p.120">[https://web.archive.org/web/20210916092502/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=120&size=45 Cgl. 1945 p.120]</ref> del grand dictionarium anglesi-Occidental per sres. Pope e Kemp. *Sr. [[Francis R. Pope]], Occidentalist de Manchester. Duesim creator del grand dictionarium anglesi-Occidental. Comensante con li dictionarium scrit til li líttere P per sr. Kemp, il perfinit it durant li duesim guerre mundal<ref name="Cgl. 1945 p.120"/>. * Sr. [[Eric Biddle]] * Sr. [[Gerald A. Moore]] (??? - †april 1935 in London)<ref name="Cosmolotta A 104">[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133132086/Cosmoglotta%20A%20104%20%28sep-oct%201935%29 Cosmoglotta A 104 (sep-oct 1935)]</ref>. Esset un director de bank quel subvetionat Cosmoglotta "til li moment quande li abonnates esset sat numerosi por assecurar su regulari aparition".<ref name="Cosmolotta A 104"/>. Il publicat un articul pri interlinguistica in The Morning Post<ref name="Cosmolotta A 104"/>. * [[Leonard Beer]], qui demissionat quam Occidental-informatoria e agentie de Cosmoglotta in 1939<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132748620/Cosmoglotta%20B%20024%20%28jun%201939%29 Cosmoglotta B 024 (jun 1939)]</ref>. * [[S. W. Beer Jr]], secretario del Interlanguage Association of Great Britain<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133003224/Cosmoglotta%20A%20085%20%28nov-dec%201932%29 Cosmoglotta A 085 (nov-dec 1932)]</ref> * William Henthorne esset un occidentalist, membre del [[APIS]]<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131193993/Cosmoglotta%20B%20096%20%28feb%201948%29 Cosmoglotta B 096 (feb 1948)]</ref> qui laborat quam laborero de fabrica. Il scrit li articul ''Pro quo yo abandonat Esperanto?'', quel aparit in Cosmoglotta A 127 (jul 1939)<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132921252/Cosmoglotta%20A%20127%20%28jul%201939%29 Cosmoglotta A 127]</ref> e ''Ex li ombres'', un textu original quel aparit in Cosmoglotta A 105 (nov-dec 1935)<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133135614/Cosmoglotta%20A%20105%20%28nov-dec%201935%29 Cosmoglotta A 105 (nov-dec 1935)]</ref> * Sr. [[P. D. Hugon]] * Sr. [[A.W.S. Raxworthy]], president del Britannic Interlingue Association ex li 28 octobre 1950<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132030174/Cosmoglotta%20A%20158%20%28dec%201950%29 Cosmoglotta A 158 (dec 1950)]</ref> til un data ínconosset. Autor de ''Introductory Grammar of Occidental for English Students''<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132680259/Cosmoglotta%20B%20021%20%28dec%201938%29 Cosmoglotta B 095 (dec 1947)]</ref> * Sr. [[Wilfrid E. Reeve]]; secretario e cassero del Britannic Interlingue Association * Sr. [[George Dickerson|George L. Dickinson.]] Ex-esperantist<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131265345/Cosmoglotta%20B%20098%20%28aug%201948%29 http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131265345/Cosmoglotta%20B%20098%20%28aug%201948%29]</ref>, esset un scritor, representante de [[APIS]] por Anglia. * Dr. [[Charles Kemp]], unesim creator del grand dictionarium anglesi-Occidental. * [[Adrian J. Pilgrim]] esset redactor de Cosmoglotta inter 1985 e 2000. * [[H. Dickenson]]. * [[H. D. Akerman]] esset vice presidente del Britannic Occidental Association in 1945<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130914234/Cosmoglotta%20B%20076%20%28nov%201945%29 Cosmoglotta B 076 (nov 1945)]</ref> * [[C. W. T. Reeve]], del "International Language Society of Great Britain"<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=de Guesnet|prenómine=L. M.|annu=1928|titul=Cronica|A/B?=A|numeró=54|ligament=Louis M. de Guesnet|situ web=https://occidental-lang.com/cosmoglotta/nro/054.html#cronica}}</ref> == Argentina == * [[Enrique R. Gonzales]], ex [[Mendoza (Argentina)|Mendoza]]. Il correspondet con L.M. de Guesnet in 1954. == Austria == *Dr. [[Hans Homolka|Hans A. Homolka]], presidente del Occidental-Union in Austria. *Sr. [[Engelbert Pigal]] (1899? - 1978), austrian Occidentalist e un del prim usatores del lingue. Redactor de Cosmoglotta de1926 a 1930<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111416/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=29 Cosmoglotta A, 1946, pg. 29]</ref>. Benque su dom esset destructet durant li duesim guerre mundal<ref name="Cgl. 1946 p.6"/>, il supervivet li guerre in bon standa. *Sr. [[Karl Janotta]] * Ing. [[:en:Hanns_Hörbiger|Hanns Hörbiger]] {{En}} * Su filio, [[Hans Robert Hörbiger|Johann Robert Hörbiger]]. * Ing. A. Reichert<ref name=":1">{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|prenómine=|annu=1935|titul=Ultim Nova 1. Austrian Occidental-Conferentie (9-14 april 1936)|A/B?=B|numeró=004|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132091290/Cosmoglotta%20B%20004%20%28oct-nov-dec%201935%29}}</ref> * Sr. R. Hartmann<ref name=":1" /> * Kurt Frankel * Ing. Machowetz * Ernst Graber * L. Eckel, Vienna.<ref name=":3">{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1950|titul=Cosmoglotta|A/B?=A|numeró=151|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131884365/Cosmoglotta%20A%20151%20%28jan%201950%29}}</ref> == Belgia == * C.J. Boon, Uccles.<ref name=":4">{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1937|titul=Cronica|A/B?=B|numeró=11|situ web=https://occidental-lang.com/cosmoglotta/nro/B-011.html}}</ref> * Dr. [[Jules Meysman|Jules Meysmans]]:<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Meysmans|prenómine=Jules|annu=1931|titul=Li Chimera de un artificial derivation|A/B?=A|numeró=076|ligament=Jules Meysmans|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132895461/Cosmoglotta%20A%20076%20%28may-jun%201931%29}}</ref> [[:eo:Jules Meysmans|ci]] {{Eo}} == Canada == * [[A.R. Beauchemin]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220114072037/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&page=98&size=45</ref> (1862 - ?), canadesi Occidentalist ex Montreal, anteyan esperantist e idist. Inviat li poem ''Flores de autune'' a Cosmoglotta A 139 (jul 1948)<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131589813/Cosmoglotta%20A%20139%20%28jul%201948%29 Cosmoglotta A 139 (jul 1948)]</ref> * [[David MacLeod]], traductor de ''[[Li Romance de Photogen e Nycteris]] (Li yuno del jorne e li yuna del nocte)'' e autor de ''[[wikibooks:Salute,_Jonathan!|Salute, Jonathan!]]'' Il ha tippat li ''Cosmoglotta'' por far it accessibil in li internet<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130687236/FrontPage Cosmoglotta]</ref> Creator del blog ''Novas e Ruminationes in Occidental''<ref>[https://mithradates.substack.com/ Novas e Rumiationes in Occidental]</ref>. Traductet a anglesi li ''Okzidental-Kursus in 10 Lektionen'' de [[Armas Ramstedt]]. Il ha revisat li ovres in occidental scrit de Vicente Costalago avan lor publication. == Cuba == * Sr. Bonneval e Fuentes. ex Cienfuegos.<ref name=":5">{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1935|titul=Cronica|A/B?=B|numeró=4|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130926024/Cosmoglotta%20B%20078%20%28jan%201946%29}}</ref> == Dania == * Poul Moth * Jan Casse, representante del Occidental-Union in Dania<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132804585/Cosmoglotta%20A%20070%20%28may-jun%201930%29 Cosmoglotta A 070 (may-jun 1930)]</ref> * H.P. Frodelund, membre del Grand Comité de Redaction de Cosmoglotta<ref name="Unnamed-20230318120622">[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132020694/Cosmoglotta%20A%20157%20%28oct%201950%29 Cosmoglotta A 157 (oct 1950)]</ref> * Spren Donnolt, instructor de lingues e membre del [[APIS]]<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131193993/Cosmoglotta%20B%20096%20%28feb%201948%29 Cosmoglotta B 096 (feb 1948)]</ref> * Else Jönsson, filia del Idist Birger Jönsson<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Jönsson|prenómine=Else|annu=1936|titul=Pro quo yo aprende Occidental e pro quo li problema del lingue international interessa me?|A/B?=B|numeró=8|ligament=Else Jönsson|situ web=https://occidental-lang.com/cosmoglotta/nro/B-008.html}}</ref> * [[Georg Forchhammer]]: [[:en:Georg_Forchhammer|ci]] ; fisico e ductor. Un "Jewahlist" il pensat que Interlingue e Novial esset dialectes del lingue "Jewahli"<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Federn|prenómine=Ilmari|annu=1935|titul=Occidental-Information Copenhag|A/B?=B|numeró=004|ligament=Ilmari Federn|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132091290/Cosmoglotta%20B%20004%20%28oct-nov-dec%201935%29}}</ref> == Estonia == * Dr. A. Saareste, professor in li universitá de Tartu<ref name=":2">{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|prenómine=|annu=1928|titul=Opiniones pri Occidental|A/B?=A|numeró=44|situ web=https://occidental-lang.com/cosmoglotta/nro/044.html}}</ref> *[[Edgar de Wahl]] (1867 - 1948) Creator de Occidental. == Francia == *H. Senigallia († 1929<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111416/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1929&page=6&size=45</ref>), li unesim Occidentalist in Francia. *Georges Bohin, francesi Occidentalist, communiste, e director del "école moderne" in Strasburg in 1944. *Sr. Furgerot, ex Reines.<ref name=":6">{{Cg|surnómine=Red.|annu=1930|titul=Cronica|A/B?=A|numeró=71|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132806109/Cosmoglotta%20A%20071%20%28jul-aug%201930%29}}</ref> *Sr. Boutreux, francesi Occidentalist e director scolari in 1944. *René Chabaud, francesi Occidentalist. Captet in Germania durant li duesim guerre mundal, il revenit san e recomensat su activitás por li lingue, scriente articules<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111414/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=16&size=45</ref> por Cosmoglotta. *Jean Chanaud († 1934<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230421210640/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1934&page=124&size=45 Cgl. 1934 p.124]</ref>), franceso e un del prim adeptes de Occidental. Il trovat Occidental per un exposite publicat in ''Schola et Vita,'' e composit li ''Index francés-Occidental al radicarium''. *William Gilbert, francesi Occidentalist. Inviat un manuscrite de ''L'Occidental sans peine'' (plu quam 90 págines) a Cosmoglotta in 1943<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111545/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=108&size=45 Cgl. 1943 p.108]</ref>. Editor del buletin por li Occidental-Societé de Francia in 1944. *[[L. M. de Guesnet]] (1886 - 1969), francesi Occidentalist. Electet quam presidente del Occidental-Societé de Francia ye li fine de 1944.<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=12&size=45 Cgl. 1945 p.12]</ref> Devenit esperantist in 1906, e quelc annus plu tard idist. Manet idist til 1927 quande il adheret se a Occidental. Recivet li diploma de docente de Occidental in 1938. *Marie Guilbert, francesi Occidentalist.<ref name=":6" /> *Paul Jauzin, francesi Occidentalist e economist. Proposit un moné nominat Universo<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111415/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=13&size=45 Cgl. 1946 p.13]</ref> quel vell vicear li aurin etalon per un altri basat sur li 40 cardinal productes del terra: 20 agricultural productes e 20 productes industrial, por mantener un plu stabil potentie de compra quam ti basat sur un sol producte. *Paul Beaufils *Jacob Linzbach, president de Kosmoglott in 1922 *J.M. Luquet, secretario del Occidental-Societé de Francia in 1944. *J. Toublet, cassero del Proletari interlinguistic association in Francia. *M. Martinet, franceso e interpretero che li american armé in Rouen pos li duesim guerre mundal.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210215235901/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=7&size=45 Cgl. 1946 p.7]</ref> *S.G. Poujet, presidente del Proletari interlinguistic association in Francia. *F. Sonnie *Sra J. Colas, ex Souday. Instructora.<ref name=":6" /> *Ing. Thibault - director del hydro-distribution *E. Foucher, nspector del sucrerias e distillerias *Monsenior Foucault, episcop de St. Dié, amico de Occidental<ref name=":6" /> == Finlandia == *J.H. Haukkapuro, Haaga.<ref name=":4" /> *[[Tauno Tattari]], finnic Occidentalist e autor del manuale e vocabularium finnic-occidental. Morit durant li duesim guerre mundal pro pneumonie<ref name="Cgl. 1945 p.120" />. *[[A.Z. Ramstedt]] (1894 - 1979). Autor del ''Okzidental-Kursus in 10 Lektionen'' por german-parlantes. Redactor de Cosmoglotta durant 2 annus<ref name="Cgl. 1945 p.120"/>. Quam Occidentalist vivent in Finnland proxim a Tallinn, il corespondet frequentmen con Edgar de Wahl e, pos un ruptura de comunicationes, trovat li ancor vivent in Tallinn pos li duesim guerre mundal<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506120204/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&size=45&page=41 Cgl. 1946 p.41]</ref>. == Germania == *[[Kurt Neumann]] (1907 - 1981) *[[Joseph Gär]] - autor del ''Dictionarium german-Occidental'' publicat in 1943. * Dr. Jur. A. Peipers, esset li Secretario del German Occidental-Federation, ex Cologne. * [[Johan Quensel]]<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132031923/Cosmoglotta%20B%20001%20%28jan-feb-mar%201935%29 Cosmoglotta B 001 (jan-feb-mar 1935)]</ref> ([https://web.archive.org/web/20230812134526/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1935&page=50&size=33 image] ex Cosmoglotta) * W. Mildebrath, esset li administrator del German Occidental-Federation * [[Thomas Schmidt (Interlingueist)|Thomas Schmidt]] editor del jurnal [[IE Munde]], autor e traductor. * [[Moritz Adolf Fritzsche]], qui habitat in Leipzig S3 Brandvorwerkstrasse 65 * [[Walter Karch|Walter Karch,]] ex Leipzig. * Sr. Ponnier, ex Berlin. * [[Dorlota Burdon]], autora. * Werner Zimmerman * Hugo Fischer, ancian Idist<ref name=":6" /> * Karp Wallon<ref name=":6" /> * Wilhelm Sandmann<ref name=":6" /> * Peter H. Fink * Dr Karl Schüppel == Hispania == *[[Carles Varela]] (1902-1973) membre del Interimari academie de Occidental in Svissia durant li duesim guerre mundal (adjuntet quam 10-im membre in januar 1944<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210501012000/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&size=45&page=4 Cgl. 1944 p.45]</ref>) e president del Hispan Occidental Association. * Alberto Cabreiros Curieses, secretario del Hispan Occidental Association. * [[Vicente Costalago]], occidentalist hispan, autor de pluri libres e dictionariums in occidental. Il anc scrit por Cosmoglotta e reserchat e fat disponibil li textus in Occidental quel esset in li [[CDELI]]. * Robert Cases<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133050756/Cosmoglotta%20A%20097%20%28jul-aug%201934%29 Cosmoglotta A 097 (jul-aug 1934)]</ref> * Robert Castelló: Ex-idist. Secretario de [[Association por International Servicie|APIS]] por Hispania. Il adheret a Interlingue-Union in 1952. Ferit in li guerre intern hispan. * José Pedrero Vallés, ex Valladolid. Morit in li guerre intern hispan. * J. Rosselló-Ordines - scrit in su propri dialecte de Occidental in quelc lettres a Cosmoglotta in 1922. * Pablo Tezanos de Los Corrales, ex Santander (Cantabria). Morit in li guerre intern hispan. == Hungaria == * [[:fr:Denis Silagi]], de Budapest. Esser Esperantist, Idist, Occidentalist, e plu tard, apoyator del [[Latino sine flexione]]. Il esset judeic, e translocat se a Germania pos li duesim Guerre Mundial; il esser internat in Buchenwald. Quam occupation, il esset editor e scritor. * Dr. Ernö Zichy-Acs, pionero de Cosmoglotta in Hungaria.<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Red.|annu=1927|titul=Cronica|A/B?=A|numeró=41|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132243279/Cosmoglotta%20A%20041%20%28jul-aug%201927%29}}</ref> * O. MULTIS == Italia == *[[Giuseppe Bevilacqua]], italian Occidentalist. Autor del ''Vocabularium Italian-Occidental'' in 1943<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111545/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=108&size=45 Cgl. 1943 p. 108]</ref>. * Emilio Dal Martello, redactor del parte in Occidental de ''Italia Filatelica''<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132537084/Cosmoglotta%20B%20017%20%28jun%201938%29 Cosmoglotta B 017 (jun 1938)]</ref>. Il scrit in li numeró de 6 julí 1937 de "Fronte Unico" (L'idea di Roma) un grand articul-anuncia pri Occidental in Occidental<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132354090/Cosmoglotta%20B%20012%20%28aug%201937%29 Cosmoglotta B 012 (aug 1937)]</ref> * Dr Fr. Mascanzoni - Occidentalist italian (de Bari), redactor de [[Cosmoglotta]]<ref name="Unnamed-20230318120622"/> *[[Albert Picchi]] (26 marte 1875 - 27 marte 1942). Laborat in colaboration con G. Bevilacqua al preparation del "Vocabulario Italiano-Occidental", autor del studie "Stato attuale del problema della lingua ausiliaria internazionale" (Actual statu del problema del lingue auxiliari international). *Dr. Guidi, secretario de Sr. Dal Martello<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|prenómine=|annu=1936|titul=Cronica|A/B?=A|numeró=111|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133175169/Cosmoglotta%20A%20111%20%28nov-dec%201936%29}}</ref> *Ing. Dr. Antonio Baietti, Rome.<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Mascanzoni|prenómine=F.|annu=1946|titul=Judicies pri Occidental|A/B?=B|numeró=84|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130961382/Cosmoglotta%20B%20084%20%28sep%201946%29}}</ref> == Japan == * T. Kageyama: Il scrit a L. M. de Guesnet li 27 marte 1957 ex Shizuoka. == Latvia == * Janis Roze, ex [[Riga]] == Nederland == * [[Piet Cleij]] (1927 - 2015) * Sr. Hoitingh, de Amsterdam.<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1945|titul=Cronica|A/B?=B|numeró=73|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130887210/Cosmoglotta%20B%20073%20%28aug%201945%29}}</ref> *N. Posthuma, († 1944<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111415/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&size=45&page=45 Cgl. 1946 p.45]</ref>), hollandesa, activ colaboratora e corespondent del Occidental-Academie. Ella vivet in Lausanne (Svissia) e retornat a Nederland just ante li duesim guerre mundal. *A. Koning, ex Vrijurblaan.<ref name=":3" /> *H. Littlewood, instructor de anglesi in Gröningen. Captet del Germanes in Nederland in 1940 e deportat in Germania, il támen supervivet li guerre e retornat san in Anglia in 1945.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111543/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=67 Cgl. 1945 p.67]</ref> *A.F. Poggenbeek: Ex esperantist, il esset un del fundatores del Interlingue-movement in Nederland. Vice-president del Interlingue-Union. Il esset li director del firma A. Van Hoboken. Deputato in li parlament de Sud-Holland.<ref>Cosmoglotta A. 162</ref> *Marius den Outer, inventor del tachtype. == Norvegia == * Karl Krogstad, Trondheim.<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1937|titul=Cronica|A/B?=B|numeró=12|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132354090/Cosmoglotta%20B%20012%20%28aug%201937%29}}</ref> * A. Engen, Oestre Ring.<ref name=":3" /> == Portugal == * Renato de Beça e Melo, ancian esperantist, esset un occidentalist portugalesi<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132282537/Cosmoglotta B 010 (apr 1937) Cosmoglotta B 010 (apr 1937)]</ref>. In 1947, il esset selectet membre del Senat del Occidental-Union<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131016867/Cosmoglotta%20B%20093%20%28oct%201947%29 Cosmoglotta B 093 (oct 1947)]</ref> * Caldeira Firmino, occidentalist portugalesi<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132921411/Cosmoglotta%20A%20128%20%28sep-dec%201939%29 Cosmoglotta A 128 (sep-dec 1939)]</ref> == Rumania == * Aurel Eschenasy, ex Brest.<ref name=":4" /> - preparat un curs de Occidental in Rumanian, con su filio.<ref name=":5" /> * Géza Hant<ref name=":5" /> == Russia == * [[Abram Kofman]], poet, Esperantist, e Occidentalist. Esset judeic. *Ladislav Podmele, ex [[Moskva]] == Scotia == *Dr. [[Charles Kemp]], creator del grand dictionarium anglesi-Occidental junt con Francis R. Pope (til li líttere P<ref name="Cgl. 1945 p.120"/>). == Svedia == *[[Johan Albert Haldin]] († 1942, pionero del Occidental-movement in Svedia) * [[Erik Berggren]], secretario del Sved Occidental Federation, qui habitat in Etsarvägen 4 IV, Stockholm 43 * [[Bertil Blomé]] * Harald Björkman, ex Jänkisjärvi,<ref name=":1" /> qui iniciat un un corespondentie per series de lettres circulant, nominat « CONVERSATIONES INTER INSTRUCTORES »<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133277439/Cosmoglotta%20A%20119%20%28jan%201938%29 Cosmoglotta A 119 (jan 1938)]</ref>. * [[Carl-Erik Sjöstedt]], matematico * [[:en:Carl_Wilhelm_von_Sydow|Carl Wilhelm von Sydow]] {{En}} - President honorari del Occidental-Academie<ref name=":0">[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132421941/Cosmoglotta%20B%20015%20%28feb%201938%29 Cosmoglotta B 015 (jan 1938)]</ref> e membre del Interimari academie de Occidental in Svissia durant li duesim guerre mundal. * [[Fritz Tjernström]], in [[:sv:Hällaström|Hällaström]].<ref name=":0" /> * Sr. A. Nordlund, ex Rällsö<ref name=":1" /> * Cand. [[Carl Segerstahl|Carl Segerståhl]]: [[:sv:Carl_Segerståhl|ci]] (in sved); docent in li universitá de [[Vindeln]].<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|prenómine=|annu=1934|titul=Cronica|A/B?=A|numeró=094|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133039461/Cosmoglotta%20A%20094%20%28mar%201934%29}}</ref> * Gösta Ahlstrand<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Red.|annu=1937|titul=Ex li Paper-Curb|A/B?=B|numeró=10|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132282537/Cosmoglotta%20B%20010%20%28apr%201937%29}}</ref> == Svissia == *[[Ric Berger|Richard 'Ric' Berger]] (1894 - 1984). Ovres: ''Vocabularium fundamental de Occidental'' (scrit in 1943~44), ''L'Occidental en 5 leçons'' (januar 1946), inter altris. *[[Erik Berggren]], membre del Interimari academie de Occidental in Svissia durant li duesim guerre mundal.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210501012000/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&size=45&page=4 Cgl. 1944 p.4]</ref> *Ed. Bieller, director del Revue Internationale de Sténographie, ex Bienne,<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Lagnel|prenómine=Frédéric|annu=1938|titul=Cronica|A/B?=B|numeró=18|ligament=Fred Lagnel|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132547152/Cosmoglotta%20B%20018%20%28jul%201938%29}}</ref> *[[Bertil Blomé]], membre del Interimari academie de Occidental in Svissia durant li duesim guerre mundal. *[[A.E. Cortinas]], Sviss Occidentalist ex Lugano. Sovente traductet e scrit original aforismes e historiettes<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111414/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&size=45&page=31 Cgl. 1946 p.31]</ref> por Cosmoglotta. *[[Adolphe Creux]], prestro en Rue, Canton de Fribourg, Svissia<ref>[http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132392193/Cosmoglotta%20A%20044%20%28jan%201928%29 Cosmoglotta A 044 (jan 1928)]</ref> *[[Jean Denzler]] (1871 - 1943), ex [[Bienne]], [[Svissia]]. Ancian esperantist, adheret se a Occidental in 1928. Membre nr. 8 del Sviss Association por Occidental. Colaborat al dictionarium de Gär e li "Vocabularium de Occidental" *[[Fritz Haas]] (1898 - 1971), sviss Occidentalist ex [[Winterthur]]. Membre del Interimari academie de Occidental in Svissia durant li duesim guerre mundal. *Herman Ferdinand Haller<ref name=":6" /> *[[Kurt Hamburger]], editor de "Cive del Munde"<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=119 Cgl. 1945 p.119]</ref>, local organ del Occidentalistes in St. Gallen, Svissia. *Charles Piaget († 1943, sviss Occidentalist ex Bienne. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230421210140/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=119&size=45 Necrolog in Cosmoglotta B]) *[[Carl-Erik Sjöstedt]] (1900 - 1979), membre del Interimari academie de Occidental in Svissia durant li duesim guerre mundal. *[[Erich Werner]] *[[Enwin Wettstein|Erwin Wettstein]] (1879 - 1943<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111417/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=118&size=45 Cgl. 1943 p.118]</ref>), Volapükist de 1893 a 1925, Idist durant li periode 1925 - 1928, e Occidentalist desde 1928. Depó-chef del Sviss Ferrovias in Erstfeld. *[[Fred Lagnel]], director del Interimari Academie (INTAC) in Svissia desde 1943 durant li duesim guerre mundal (president: A Matejka, vice-president Ric Berger) * [[Iso Baumer]] *[[Alphonse Matejka]] (1902 - 1999), tcheco e presidente del Occidental-Union in Svissia. Ovres: ''Vollständiger Lehrgang der internationalen Welthilfssprache Occidental in 20 Lektionen'' (1942) ''Wörterbuch Occidental-Deutsch und Deutsch-Occidental'' (1945), inter altris. *Major Tanner (Major [[Hermann Alfred Tanner]]). Sviss Occidentalist, nascet 16 octobre 1873. Adheret a Occidental in 1928 quande esset creat li [[Sviss Association por Occidental]]. *[[Edouard Mayor]], Svisso ex [[Lausanne]], Occidentalist adminim desde 1934<ref>https://archive.org/details/Kosmoglott-Cosmoglotta_1934_n098_sep-okt/page/n15</ref> e plu tard presidente del Sviss association por Occidental<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111540/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=95&size=45 Cgl. 1943 p.95]</ref>. * [[Carl Hanns Pollog]] * [[Adolphe Moekli]], director de oficie * G. Pidoux, Yvonand * E. Kessler, Tuttwil * J. A. Sautter, ex Winterthur.<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1943|titul=Concurs de Traduction|A/B?=B|numeró=42|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130811151/Cosmoglotta%20B%20042%20%28jan%201943%29}}</ref> * J. Ritter, scrit un curs de Occidental por parlatores de Italian.<ref name=":6" /> == Tchekia == * J. Cordonnier<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Beer|prenómine=SW.|annu=1935|titul=Li Progresse de Occidental|A/B?=B|numeró=004|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132091290/Cosmoglotta%20B%20004%20%28oct-nov-dec%201935%29}}</ref> *Hynek Pášma († 1942<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220506111414/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=7&size=45</ref>), tcheco e presidente del Occidental Academie. Anteyan esperantist e pos idist, il adheret se a Occidental in 1922 quam un del unesimes. Traductet li livre ''Nationalisme in Occidente'', un essay scrit per Rabindranath Thakur. *[[Jan Amos Kajš]], tchec Occidentalist. Supervivet li duesim guerre mundal<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506120203/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=132 Cgl. 1945 p.132]</ref>. *[[Jaroslav Podobský]] (1895 - 1962), tchec Occidentalist. *[[Josef Křesina]], traductor de ''Li matre parla'' e ''Camises Nuptial''. *[[Tomáš Ondráček]] (1919 - 1997 *[[Bedřich Plavec]] *Jaroslav Vozenilek<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Vozenilek|prenómine=Jaroslav|annu=1939|titul=Quo di Prof. Dr. h. c. Otmar Vanorny pri li Lingue international|A/B?=A|numeró=111|ligament=Jaroslav Vozenilek|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/133175169/Cosmoglotta%20A%20111%20%28nov-dec%201936%29}}</ref> *[[Jaroslav Tichý]] (1914 - 1985) *Josef Svec, ex Praha *Dr. K. Stasny.<ref>{{Cg|surnómine=Redaction|annu=1946|titul=Cronica|A/B?=B|numeró=78|situ web=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/130926024/Cosmoglotta%20B%20078%20%28jan%201946%29}}</ref> == Unit States de America == * Dr K. Asakawa, de li universitá de Yale.<ref name=":2" /> *Gusten Jungren, ex San Benito, Texas.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020703/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=9&size=45 Cgl. 1946 p.9]</ref> *Dr Arthur Wormser, Illinois.<ref name=":3" /> == Altri landes == *J. J. Joho. Traductet li Evangelie secun Marc e Li Runoia<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230421210640/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=48&size=45 Cgl. 1943 p.48]</ref>. * [[Willy Wellekens]] * R. Bradfield, director de Cosmoglotta in Australia in 1950.<ref name=":3" /> == Referenties == <references/> {{Interlingue}} [[Categorie:Listes pri Interlingue]] [[Categorie:Liste de Occidentalistes]] 4gtknll9bvdmak4x0jchx7kh3duewks 0 8908 168283 118650 2026-06-14T21:02:48Z Dorlota 13847 168283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Cité in Germania |name = Dessau-Rosslau |bild = Wappen_Dessau-Rosslau.svg |bundesland = [[Saxonia-Anhalt]] |höhe = 59 |fläche = 244,74 |einwohner = 82.919 |einwohner_datum = 31.12.15 |plz = 06842 - 06849, 06861, 06862 |kennzeichen = DE, RSL |website = [https://www.dessau-roßlau.de www.dessau-roßlau.de] |dichte = 339 |bürgermeister = Peter Kuras ([[FDP]]) |position2 = Saxony-Anhalt_DE.svg }} '''Dessau-Roßlau''' es un cité in [[Germania]]. It es situat in li ost de Germania e in li ost de [[Saxonia-Anhalt]]. Li fluvie [[Mulde]] flue tra li cité. Li cité es con 236.991 habitantes li triesím max grand cité de Saxonia-Anhalt detra [[Halle (Saale)]] e [[Magdeburg]]. [[File:DessauRathaus.JPG|thumb|500px|left|Li centre de Dessau-Roßlau]] {{Navigationsleiste Subdistrictes e districtlíber cités in Saxonia-Anhalt}} [[Categorie:Saxonia-Anhalt]] [[Categorie:Germania]] ilnsgku6kjwpt20u032znt5fvak0q2h 168286 168283 2026-06-14T21:12:59Z Dorlota 13847 168286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Cité in Germania |name = Dessau-Rosslau |bild = Wappen_Dessau-Rosslau.svg |bundesland = [[Saxonia-Anhalt]] |höhe = 59 |fläche = 244,74 |einwohner = 82.919 |einwohner_datum = 31.12.15 |plz = 06842 - 06849, 06861, 06862 |kennzeichen = DE, RSL |website = [https://www.dessau-roßlau.de www.dessau-roßlau.de] |dichte = 339 |bürgermeister = Robert Reck (índependent) |position2 = Saxony-Anhalt_DE.svg }} '''Dessau-Roßlau''' es un cité in [[Germania]]. It es situat in li ost de Germania e in li ost de [[Saxonia-Anhalt]]. Li fluvie [[Mulde]] flue tra li cité. Li cité es con 236.991 habitantes li triesím max grand cité de Saxonia-Anhalt detra [[Halle (Saale)]] e [[Magdeburg]]. [[File:DessauRathaus.JPG|thumb|500px|left|Li centre de Dessau-Roßlau]] {{Navigationsleiste Subdistrictes e districtlíber cités in Saxonia-Anhalt}} [[Categorie:Saxonia-Anhalt]] [[Categorie:Germania]] h1n44dlbg8fnqvi7ebf4x9nsjrm5nc5 0 15535 168281 166888 2026-06-14T15:59:11Z InternetArchiveBot 14934 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 168281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Revision}} Li lingue constructet '''[[Interlingue]]''', originalmen conosset quam '''Occidental''', have un historie quel extende se un centennie desde su publication original per su creator [[Edgar de Wahl]] in 1922. == Funde == De Wahl esset unesim introductet al lingues artificial tra li volapük, un lingue auxiliari international quel apparit in 1879. De Wahl devenit un del unesim usatores del esperanto, quel il trovat per li unesim vez in 1888 durante su periode quam volapukiste e per quel esset in li processu de crear un dictionarium de termes maritim<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1946, p. 18|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=18&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023325/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=18&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref>. Il rapidmen devenit un fervorosi supportor del esperanto per quelc annus in quel il collaborat con Zamenhof in quel partes del designe del lingue<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 56|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=62&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204208/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=62&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-20}}</ref>, e traductet un del unesim ovres al esperanto: "Princidino Mary"<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lermontov|first=Mikhail|title=Esperanto: Princidino Mary|date=1896|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EO_Mi%C4%A5ail_Lermontov_-_Princidino_Mary.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922200524/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EO_Mi%C4%A5ail_Lermontov_-_Princidino_Mary.pdf|access-date=2020-12-20|url-status=live|archive-date=2021-09-22}}</ref>, publicat in 1889 originalmen con li nómine Princino Mary. Il restat un esperantiste til 1894, quande li votation por reformar li lingue dessuccesset; il esset un del du que votat ni pro li esperanto sin changes, ni pro li reforma proposit de Zamenhof, ma per un reforma completmen nov<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1946, p. 19|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=19&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203629/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=19&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref>. Li occidental ne vell esser annunciat til 28 annus pos abandonar li esperanto, un periode in quel il laborat con altri creatores de lingues provante developar un sistema quel mey combinar naturalisme con regularitá, un combination quel devenit un punctu de venta frequentemen referret in li promotion del Occidental<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1929, p. 101|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=105&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511090145/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=105&size=45|archive-date=2021-05-11|access-date=2021-05-11|quote=Inter omni projectes, Occidental es li sol quel in altissim gradu ha penat satisfar li amalgamation del du quasi contradictori postulates: regularitá e naturalitá.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1938, p. 64|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1938&page=53&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511090144/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1938&page=53&size=45|archive-date=2021-05-11|access-date=2021-05-11|quote=Do secun li principies fundamental de Occidental: «junter quant possibil regularitá e naturalitá», just li form «radica» es li sol rect e apt por ti parol.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1929, p. 76|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&size=45&page=80|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511090131/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&size=45&page=80|archive-date=2021-05-11|access-date=2021-05-11|quote=Nu, si li europan popules va un die introducter un tal radical ortografic reforma in su lingues quam li turcos, it va esser natural que anc li lingue international va secuer ti reforma, ma til tande, noi pensa, noi have ancor sufficent témpor e prefere ne chocar li publica e destructer li etymologie, do li regularitá e naturalitá.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1929, p. 10|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=14&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511090137/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=14&size=45|archive-date=2021-05-11|access-date=2021-05-11|quote=Qui in li divers revues interlinguistic...retrosecue li labores de Wahl til lor origines, ti va constatar, que li autor de Occidental ja in su unesim publicationes esset un consecuent representant e protagonist del strict naturalitá del futuri lingue international; ma in contrast a altri interlinguistes del camp naturalistic, Wahl ha sempre accentuat que ti ci naturalitá deve accordar con plen regularitá del structura del lingue.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1935, p. 14|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&page=14&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512060218/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&page=14&size=45|archive-date=2021-05-12|access-date=2021-05-11|quote=Occidental esset publicat de Prof. E. de Wahl in 1922. It ha monstrat nos que li vocabularium del grand lingues de civilisation posse esser regularisat per un sistema de derivation admirabilmen simplic, sin arbitrari formes, sin inventet regules». Pro to Occidental es un excellent combination de naturalitá e regularitá. Ti du caracteres merita esser expresset in li insigne e yo proposi representar ti du atributes per li equigambi rect-triangul sur li diametre de un circul. Li equigambie expresse que li naturalitá e li regularitá esset tractat con egal cuidas per sr. de Wahl.}}</ref>. De Wahl passat li sequent annus pos abandonar Esperanto in collaboration con linguistes quam [[Waldemar Rosenberger]] ([[Idiom Neutral]])<ref name=":9" />, [[Julius Lott]] ([[Mundolingue]]), e [[Antoni Grabowski]] (Latine Modern per un témpor, ante revenir al Esperanto)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1946, p. 18|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=19&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203629/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=19&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-20}}</ref>. Li metode provat de ti "partisanes del naturalisme" esset li distillation del paroles existent in lor partes per obtener li radices international in ili (quam naturalisation a nat-ur-al-is-ation), poy usat un altri paroles per mantener li radis in un minimum durante que ili mantenet un aspecte natural. In li opinion de de Wahl, it esset sempre preferibil optar per un suffixe productiv quam es fortiat a crear paroles nove ex radices completmen nov plu tard<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1923, p. 9|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1923&page=9&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022343/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1923&page=9&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-30|quote=Translation: "But I do not understand why the word "celibatario" does not fit Ido. If you have the root "celibat" you derive words such as "legatario, millionario" etc. in the same way. Someone who like M. de B[eaufront] does not understand the sense of the suffix in "secundari" may learn the word as a whole, as it is done in Ido, but I think it is better to have a perhaps somewhat fluctuating suffix than to learn 100 new root words, where I never know if the inventors in one case have preferred an international word or in another a "logical" new formation that I could never even imagine."}}</ref>. Plu, li regula de Wahl developpat plu tard permisset un derivation regular del verbes latin de ''double-stem''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|archive-date=2019-01-23|access-date=2019-01-22|quote=Male al la “Regul De Wahl”, kiu ebligas en Interlingue regulajn derivaĵojn, Interlingua konservas plurajn radikojn, ekz. ag/act (agente/actor), frang/fract (frangibil/fraction), ung/unct (unguento/unction), tiel ke sen lingvistikaj antaŭscioj pri infinitiva kaj supina formoj oni ne povas diveni la ĝustan rezulton.}}</ref>. Li [[Delegation por li Adoption de un Lingue Auxiliari International]], un córpor de academicos format per studiar li problema de un lingue international e quel recommendat li Esperanto con reformas (quel ductet al lingue conosset quam [[ido]]), evenit in 1907 ante li anunciation de Occidental. De Wahl talmen selectet inviar un memorandum de principies sur queles fundar un lingue international, un memorandum quel arrivat pos li comité hat ajornat<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1946, p. 22|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=23&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203418/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&page=23&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-21}}</ref>. Li memorandum esset solmen notat efemerimen de Louis Couturat, qui esset familiar con de Wahl e su collaboratores<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937, p. 73|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&page=74&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204029/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&page=74&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-21}}</ref>. [[File:First_issue_of_Cosmoglotta,_1922.jpg|alt=|thumb|Li unesim numeró de ''Kosmoglott'' (plu tard ''Cosmoglotta''), publicat con rapiditá pos li anunciation que li Liga de Nationes esset studiant li problema de un lingue international.]] == Comense == Edgar de Wahl annunciat li creation de Occidental in 1922 con li unesim numeró del jurnal ''Cosmoglotta'', publicat in Tallinn, Estonia con li nómine ''Kosmoglott''. Occidental esset un producte de annus de experimentation personal su li nómine ''[[Auli]]'' (''auxiliary language''), quel il usat de 1906 til 1921, e qual poy ganiat li nómine de proto-occidental. De Wahl, originalmen un defensor del volapük e poy del esperanto, comensat crear Occidental pos li votation dessuccesset de reforma del esperanto de 1984. Durante li developpation del lingue de Wahl explicat su idé in un lettre a un conossete, li Baron d'Orczy scrit in Auli: {{Citation|Mu direction in l creation de lingue universal appare a Sr d. O. rekte regresiva. Mi comprende it tre bone, nam mi comenza just de l altre fine. Mi ne statui in comenza l alfabet e l grammatica e pos deve adaptar l vocabularie a ili, ma just contrarmen, mi prende tut material international de paroles, suffixes, finitiones, formes grammatical etc., e pos mi pena organisar cel material, meter it in ordin, compilar, interpolar e extrapolar e criblar (sieben, to sift).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=25|title=Occidental A, 1946, p. 24|access-date=2019-01-06|archive-date=2021-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213201203/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=25|url-status=live}}</ref>}} De Wahl anc corespondet con li matimatico italian Giuseppe Peano, creator del [[latino sine flexione]], ganiante un appreciation por su selection de vocabularium international. "Yo crede que li libre de "Vocabulatio commune" del Professore Peano es ja un ovre plu valorosi e scientic quam li compleet litteratura scolastic de ido pri coses imaginari evokat del "fundamento" de Zamenhof", scrit il. [[File:Occidental-Union,_Wien_1928.jpg|right|thumb|Participantes in un reunion de occidentalistes in Wien, 1928: Engelbert Pigal, Karl Janotta, A. Deminger, Hanns Hörbiger, Eugen Moess, Franz Houdek, Johann Robert Hörbiger]] [[File:Occidentalists_in_Vienna,_1927.jpg|right|thumb|Reunion de usatores de Occidental (Interlingue) in Wien in 1927.]] Che su anuncie in 1922, Occidental esset presc complet<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1925, p.40|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1925&page=40&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015947/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1925&page=40&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-19|quote=Translation: "I found the most precise sense of "-atu" for example no earlier than 1924 ... maybe with time I will also find the precise sense of "-il, -esc, -itudo", etc."}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1947, p. 15|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&page=15&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415021222/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&page=15&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-28|website=anno.onb.ac.at}}</ref>. De Wahl no hat intentet anunciar li lingue durante quelc annus; pos audir que li Liga de Nationes (LDN) hat comensat un inqueste pri li question del lingulingue international il decidet accelerar su publication<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1946, p. 27|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=27|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415021220/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=27|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-06}}</ref> e anc pos reciver un responde favorabil li annu anteyan del Sub-Secretario General del LDN Nitobe Inazō, quel hat adoptet un resolution sur li tema in 1921<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott 001, 1922, p. 4|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1922&page=4&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022050/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1922&page=4&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2020-08-02}}</ref>. Li unesim publication conosset in Occidental, un litt libre titulat ''Transcendent Algebra'' de Jacob Linzbach, apparit poc ante li debut de Kosmoglott<ref name="Transcendental Algebra">{{cite web|title=Transcendental Algebra|url=http://keyboardfire.com/s/transalg/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822222146/http://keyboardfire.com/s/transalg/|archive-date=2019-08-22|access-date=2019-11-30}}</ref>. Occidental comensat assemblar adherentes pro su leebilitá, malgré un complet manca de grammaticas e dictionariums<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1925, p.7|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=7|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204017/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=7&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2018-12-28|website=anno.onb.ac.at}}</ref>. Du annus plu tard, in 1924, de Wahl scrit que il esset correspondente con circa 30 persones "in bon Occidental" malgré li manca de materiales de aprension<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1924, p. 14|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1924&size=45&teil=0101&page=14|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022346/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1924&size=45&teil=0101&page=14|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-07|quote=Translation: "He asserts that Occidental, despite being easily readable, is very difficult to write and that one could hardly find 10 people in the world able to write it without errors. Well, with me alone there is already three times that number corresponding in good Occidental."}}</ref>. Du societés de Ido unit se a Occidental in li sam annu, un in Wien (Austria) nominat ''IdoSocieto Progreso'' (renominat ''Societé Cosmoglott Progress'') e li ''Societo Progreso'' in Brno (Tchekoslovakia), quel changeat su nómine a [[FEDERALI]] (''Federation del amicos del lingue international'')<ref>{{Cite web|title="Kosmoglot" – la unua interlingvistika societo en Ruslando|url=http://jki.amu.edu.pl/files/JKI%20-%2014%20-%2009%20-%20Kuznecov[1].pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922171623/http://jki.amu.edu.pl/files/JKI%20-%2014%20-%2009%20-%20Kuznecov%5B1%5D.pdf|archive-date=2020-09-22|access-date=2020-08-11}}</ref>. Li unesim dictionarium li ''Radicarium Directiv'', un collection de radices de Occidental e su equivalentes in otto lingues, esset publicat in li annu sequent<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wahl|first=E. de|title=Radicarium directiv del lingue international (Occidental) in 8 lingues.|date=1925|location=Tallinn|oclc=185538723}}</ref>. Kosmoglott anc esset un forum por altri lingues constructet, durante que it esset principalmen scrit in Occidental. Til 1924, li revúe esset anc afiliat al ''Academia pro Interlingua'', quel promoet li ''Latino sine flexione'' de Peano<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1924, p. 1|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1924&page=1&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214103429/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1924&page=1&size=45|archive-date=2021-02-14|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>. Li nómine changead a ''Cosmoglotta'' in 1927 quande comensat oficialmen li promotion de Occidental vice altri lingues, e in januar li editorial e li buró administrativ esset moet a Mauer, un vicinage de Wien, hodie parte de Liesing<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta, 1927, p. 1|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=7&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204017/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=7&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1947, p. 17|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1947&size=45&page=17|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214174909/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1947&size=45&page=17|archive-date=2021-02-14|access-date=2019-01-18}}</ref>. Mult del tost successe de Occidental in ti-ci periode venit del nov location central del buró, junt con li eforties de [[Engelbert Pigal]], anc ex Austria, de qui li articul ''Li Ovre de Edgar de Wahl'' creat un interesse in Occidental in usatores de Ido.<ref name=":1" />. Li usation in Francia comensat in 1928, en anc in li comense del decade sequent li communitá occidentaliste esset etablisset in Germania, Austria, Svedia, Tchekoslovakia e Svissia<ref>{{Cite web|title=Helvetia, January 1930|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1930&page=9&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022218/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e1e&datum=1930&page=9&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2020-09-04|quote="...Occ. esset unesimli propagat per Germanes, Austrianes, Svedes, Tchecoslovacos e solmen ante du annus ha penetrat in Francia."}}</ref>. == Periode de Wien e Duesim Guerre Mundal == [[File:Postkarte_Lingue_international_Occidental.jpg|right|thumb|Carte postal con textu in Occidental creat in 1928 in Wien.]] Li periode de Wien anc esset marcat del stabilitá financial. Con li auxilie de du suportores principal: [[Hans Hörbiger]], ex Wien, e G.A. Moore ex London, Cosmoglotta prosperat malgré li crise economic. Pos li morte de ambes in 1931, Cosmoglotta esset fortiat denov a apoyarse al revenú de subscriptiones e republicationes.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1937, p.79|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1937&page=80&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030229/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1937&page=80&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-03-13}}</ref> Li crescent movement comensat campaniar plu assertivmen pro Occidental in li annus 1930 temporan,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1933, p. 20.|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1933&size=45&page=22|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024026/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1933&size=45&page=22|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref> utilisante su leebilitá a prime vista per contactar organisationes quam companies, ambassades, printeríes e li Societé de Nationes con lettres completmen in Occidental quel esset frequentmen comprendet e respondet.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1935, p. 30|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&size=45&page=30|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415032533/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&size=45&page=30|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1931, p. 92|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1931&size=45&page=95|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027051833/http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1931&size=45&page=95|archive-date=2020-10-27|access-date=2020-10-22|quote=Un commercial firma in Tchecoslovacia scri spontanmen al redaction: "Mi firma...opera in Italia solmen per li medium de Occidental, e to in omni romanic states. To es un miraculos fact. Vu posse scrir a omni romano in Occidental e il va comprender vor idées."}}</ref> Ta lettre frequentmen includet al final li frase ''Scrit in lingue international "Occidental"''. Un grand quantitá de "documentes" numerat<ref>[[Sviss Association por Occidental]]</ref> esset productet in ta témpor anc por introducter li concepte de un lingue international e pledar pro Occidental quam responde al "turre de Babel" europan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1934, p. 52|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1934&page=52&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415021034/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1934&page=52&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-20}}</ref> Discos de Occidental in gramofone por distribution esset unesim fat in ti-ci periode<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1934, p. 52.|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1934&size=45&page=67|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014454/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1934&size=45&page=67|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1935, p. 12|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&size=45&page=12|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022338/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&size=45&page=12|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-20}}</ref>. Li annus in 1935 e 1939 esset particularmen activ por Cosmoglotta e un duesim edition del revúe esset publicat. Originalmen titulat ''Cosmoglotta-Informationes''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B (Cosmoglotta-Informationes), 1935, p. 1|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&page=1&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203535/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1935&page=1&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>, it esset tost renominat ''Cosmoglota B'', focante in temas de plu intern interesse quam temas linguistic, reportes de Occidental in li novas, e actualisationes financial. In li comense de 1936, sin contar con li 110 númeres de Cosmoglotta e altri revúes e bulletines, it existet un totale de 80 publicationes in e pri Occidental.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1936, p. 17|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1936&size=45&page=17|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020219/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1936&size=45&page=17|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1936, p. 38|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1936&size=45&page=38|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020032/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1936&page=38&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref> Ma li annus ante li Duesim Guerre Mundal esset desfacil por Occidental e altri lingus constructet. Ili esset bannit in Germania<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, pg. 5|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&size=45&page=5|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203100042/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&size=45&page=5|archive-date=2021-02-03|access-date=2019-01-20|quote=(Translation) Regrettably, public propagation of Occidental was not possible in Germany from 1935 (the year when artificial languages were banned in Germany) until the end of the war...}}</ref>, Austria<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=12&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 12.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020632/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=12&size=45|date=2021-04-15}} Translation öf the last pre-war Occidental postcard from Austria sent to Switzerland in December 1938: "My sadness from not being able to continue my interlinguistic work continues and has made me almost melancholic. Please do not send me mail in Occidental."</ref> e Tchekoslovakia, fortiat a separar se<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=109&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 109.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415021543/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=109&size=45|date=2021-04-15}} Translation: "The reality is that Occidental, like the other international languages, is prohibited in Germany, that the Occidental societies have been disbanded there (also in Czechoslovakia and Austria) even before the war, and that only regime change in those countries will make Occidental propagation a possibility again.</ref>, restat sub vigilantie del Gestapo<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 122|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&size=45&page=122|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324052338/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&size=45&page=122|archive-date=2021-03-24|access-date=2019-02-02|quote=English translation: The final exchange of telegrams between us was your telegram in March 1938 where you asked me if I would go to The Hague to participate in the IALA conference, and my quick negative response, not followed by a letter explaining why. You certainly had guessed the cause, but you cannot know what actually happened. Immediately after the coming of Hitler I had the "honour", as president of an international organisation, to be watched by the Gestapo, which interrogated me multiple times and searched through my house, confiscating a large part of my correspondence and my interlinguistic material."}}</ref>, quel destructet materiales de instruction<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1948, p. 33.|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&size=45&page=33|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024141/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&size=45&page=33|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-16|quote=Translation: "I myself lost my entire rich Occidental-Interlingue possessions in 1936 through home raids by the infamous Gestapo...How thankful you must be to your governments which have avoided such catastrophes that our land (Germany) has suffered, one after another, for 35 years now."}}</ref>. Li bannition de lingues constructet in Germania esset particularmen damageant nam it esset li loc u li majorité del occidentalistes habitat in ta témpor<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1946, p. 32|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=32|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024144/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1946&size=45&page=32|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-06}}</ref>. Li ínabilitá de acceptar payamentes por subscriptiones esset un colpe financial quel continuat pos li guerre<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1946, p. 11|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=11&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203603/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=11&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref> junt con li division de Germania in zonas de influentie, in quelc de ili li payamentes ne esset permisset<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1947, p. 107|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=99|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204211/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=99|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>. De Wahl, in Tallinn, no posset communicar se con li Occidental-Union in Svissia inter 1939 e octobre 1947, unesimmen pro li guerre e poy caus li interception de postage inter Svissia e li Soviet-Union<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1947, p. 100|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=92|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023923/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1947&size=45&page=92|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-02|website=anno.onb.ac.at}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 100|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=101&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204221/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=101&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>. Sin saver pri to, de Wahl esset confuset caus li manca de responde de su lettres; mem un grand collection de poesie traductet a Occidental nequande esset liverat. Li unic lettre sue recivet in Svissa arrivat in 1947, demandante al Occidental-Union pro quo it ne hat respondet su lettres<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1948, p. 99|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=100&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203808/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=100&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>. Ínterim, li dom de de Wahl e su biblioteca hat esset destructet in li bonbardamento de Tallinn. De Wahl mem esset incarcerat durante un témpor pos su refusa de abandonar Estonia por ear a Germania, e plu tard refugiat se in un hospital psichiatric u vivet til li fin de su vive<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|archive-date=2019-01-23|access-date=2019-01-22|quote="Post la okupo de Tallinn per sovetia armeo estis deportita kaj malaperinta la edzino de De Wahl, lia domo komplete forbruliĝis dum bombardado, detruiĝis lia riĉa biblioteko kaj manuskriptoj. Post la alveno de naziaj trupoj De Wahl rifuzis translokiĝon al Germanio kaj estis enkarcerigita. Por savi lin, liaj amikoj lasis proklami lin mense malsana. En la jaro 1944, 77-jaraĝa, li eniris sanatorion Seewald apud Tallinn kaj restis tie ankaŭ post la milito, ne havante propran loĝejon"}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 98|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=99&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203805/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=99&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>. Li eruption del guerre in 1939 haltat li publication de ambos Cosmoglottas in 1940, ma in 1941 ''Cosmoglotta B'' comensat esser publicat denov e continuat talmen til 1950<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Plan de aparition de KOSMOGLOTT 1922-1926 e COSMOGLOTTA 1927-1972 (Austrian National Library)|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1922&page=73&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415025601/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1922&page=73&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref>. Un edition de sive Cosmoglotta A sive B esset publicat chascun mensu inter januar 1937 e septembre 1939 e poy (pos li choc initial del guerre) chascun mensu inter septembre 1941 e juní 1951<ref name=":3" />. Durante li guerre, solmen qui esset in li neutral Svissia e Svedia posset devoer self completment al lingue, continuante li activitás de forma semi-oficial<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1941, p. 1|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1941&page=1&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183239/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1941&page=1&size=45|archive-date=2021-07-09|access-date=2021-07-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1943, p. 85|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=85&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185453/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=85&size=45|archive-date=2021-07-09|access-date=2021-07-05}}</ref>. Durante li guerre, li occidentalistes observat que li lingue esset frequentment permisset por inviar telegrames in e extra Svissia (specialmen a e ex Svedia)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1946, p.8.|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=8&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207153229/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=8&size=45|archive-date=2021-02-07|access-date=2018-12-22|website=anno.onb.ac.at|quote=English translation: "At the assembly of the Swiss Association for Occidental in Bienne it was noted with satisfaction that despite the war the cooperation at least with the Swedish worldlanguage friends was always able to be maintained, in that the letters and telegrams written in Occidental passed by the censors without problem."}}</ref> mem sin reconossentie official, conjectente que li censores posset comprender it<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1943, p. 6|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=6&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024228/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=6&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-10}}</ref> e ili mey haver pensat que ili esset scrit in hispan o romanch<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 15|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=15&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415021903/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=15&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-10}}</ref>, un lingue minori sed official in Svissia quel in ta témpor ne havet un ortografie official. To permisset quelc communication inter li occidentalistes de Svissia e Svedia. Li altri centre de activitá de Occidental in Europa ne standat tam mult bon, con li assortimentes de materiales de studie in Wien e Tallinn hant esset destructet in bombardamentes<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1946, p.9|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=9&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020703/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=9&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-22|website=anno.onb.ac.at}}</ref> e numerosi occidentalistes inviat a campes de concentration in Germania e Tchecoslovakia<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 119.|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=119&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203639/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=119&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2018-12-22|website=anno.onb.ac.at|quote=English translation: "When I arrived in Prague after my escape from the concentration of Leitmeritz, I had literally nothing except a ragged prison uniform, the so-called "pyjama" of the prison camps...Soon after I arrived in Prague I published an ad to search friends of the international language..."}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 83.|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=83&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415022910/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=83&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-22|website=anno.onb.ac.at|quote=English translation: "The letters from France are starting to arrive in Switzerland. Especially appreciated are those from Mr. Lerond, a teacher in Bréville tra Donville (Manche) and from Mr. René Chabaud, who happily returned safe and sound from a prison camp in Germany."}}</ref>. Li contacte esset reetablisset poc post li guerre de qui restat, con lettres ex landes quam Francia, Tchekoslovakia, Finland e Grand Britannia essent enviat a Cosmoglotta. Li scritores dit que ili esset preparat por comensat li activitás denov pro li lingue<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1946, p. 108|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=108&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801150349/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=108&size=45|archive-date=2021-08-01|access-date=2021-08-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1946. p. 119-120|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=119&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203639/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=119&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-17}}</ref>. ''Cosmoglotta'' hat seubscriptores in 58 cités de Svissia<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 24|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=24&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330075537/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=24&size=45|archive-date=2021-03-30|access-date=2018-12-10}}</ref> quelc mensus ante li finition del Duesim Guerre Mundal in Europa, e ''Cosmoglotta A'' comensat su publication denov in 1946<ref name=":3" />. == Standardisation linguistic == Durante li guerre mult occidentalistes decidet standardisar li lingue<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024913/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=85&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1943, p. 85:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024913/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1943&page=85&size=45|date=2021-04-15}} English translation: "Because the president and secretary of the Academy are located in countries in a state of war, the leading Occidentalists of the neutral countries, Switzerland and Sweden, believe it necessary to set up an INTERIM ACADEMY which will function until the other will be able to resume its work. The decisions of this interim academy will be '''conditional''', i.e.: must be validated by the regular Academy after the war, and due to that it will deliver to it all documents justifying its decisions, with detailed reasons."</ref>. De Wahl hat creat Occidental con un númere de caracteristicas ínchangeabil, ma credet que li sequition del "leges del vive" dat it un base suficentmen firm que it posset sequer un "evolution natural"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1922, p. 65|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1922&page=65&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203337/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1922&page=65&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-16}}</ref>. Su flexibilitá vell "permisser témpor e practica far li modificationes que vell provar necessari"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 95|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=103&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020154/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&size=45&page=103|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2020-08-22}}</ref>. Quam resultate, quelc paroles hat plu quam un form permissibil, quel ne posset esser resoluet par decrete, talmen lassante li ultim decision al communité per includer li du formes in li unesim dictionariums de Occidental<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020331/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=3&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 3:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020331/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=3&size=45|date=2021-04-15}} Translation: "For some hundreds of international words there are two forms between which it is not easy to know which one is better. E. de Wahl wisely wrote both in the first dictionaries, with the intention to let practice make the decision."</ref>. Un exemple concernat li verb "scrir", e un possibil form alternative "scripter", nam ambes creat derivationes internationalmen reconossibil: "scritura" e "scritor" ex "scrir" e "scriptura" e "scriptor" ex "scripter"<ref name=":16">{{Cite book|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1925&page=14&size=45|title=Kosmoglott, 1925, p. 14|date=May 1925|access-date=2020-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203618/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1925&page=14&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|url-status=live}}</ref>. De Wahl expresset du preferentie pro "scrir" trovante "scripter" alquant pesant, ma comentat que li ultim esset certmen permissibil e que Occidental mey prender un evolution simil al lingues natural in quel ambe formes devenit usat in, con li form long havente un caracter plu formal e li cur un ton plu omnidial (quam ''story'' e ''history'' in anglesi)<ref name=":16" />. Li ortografie esset altri area u existet divers posibilités, a saver, li ortografie etimologic (adtractiv, eobpression), historic (attractiv, oppression) o simplificat (atractiv, opression)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 66|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=66&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014651/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=66&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-07}}</ref>. Li unesim option esset presc nequande usat, e li ortografie simpificat devenit finalmen li standard in 1939<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schmidt|first=Dr. Thomas|title=GROSSES MODERNES WÖRTERBUCH INTERLINGUE (OCCIDENTAL) - DEUTSCH|year=2020|location=Berlin|pages=2|quote=Von seiner Entstehung bis zum Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkrieges 1939 wurde die Rechtschreibung der Sprache deutlich vereinfacht. Diese sogenannte „simplificat ortografie“ löste die alte „historic ortografie“ ab.}}</ref>. Mult del standardisation del lingue evenit talmen tra preferenties del communité (per exemple ambes ''ac''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1926, p. 52|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1926&page=52&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024147/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1926&page=52&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-27}}</ref> e ''anc'' esset proposit ma li communité decidet se pro ''anc''), me ne omnicos. Con dúbites restant pri li formes official de quelc paroles e un manca de material destinat al public general<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1938, p. 82|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1938&size=45&page=71|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015942/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1938&size=45&page=71|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-03-23}}</ref>, mult témpor esset expenset durante li Duesim Guerre Mundal in lingual standardisation e creation de cursus, e pro li guerre continuante, in agosto 1943 on decidet crear un academi ínterim por oficialisar li processu<ref name=":15" />. Ti-ci processu hat comensat not mult ante li guerre, e li occidentalistes sviss, trovante se isolat del rest del continente, optat por concentrar se in li creation de materiales de instruction por haver los pret ye li fini del guerre <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1938, p. 82|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1938&size=45&page=71|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015942/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1938&size=45&page=71|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1939, p. 1|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1939&page=1&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415033016/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1939&page=1&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-03-24}}</ref>. Durante que ili fat it, ili frequentment trovat se confrontat con li decision inter du "teoreticmen egalmen bon" formas quel hat restat in li usu populari, ma de qui li presentie mey posser esser confusent por li nov aprensor del lingue <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 49|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=49|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415021844/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&size=45&page=49|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2018-12-13}}</ref>. Li academie mantenet que li eforties de standardisation esset fundat sur usation, declarante que: <blockquote> "...li standardisation del lingue have su natural límites. "Standardisar li lingue ne significa arbitrarimen oficialisar un del solutiones possibil e rejecter li altris quam índesirabil e genant. On standardisa solmen solutiones queles ja ha esset sanctionat per li practica."<ref>[http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=67&size=45 Cosmoglotta B, 1944, p. 67:] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415020828/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1944&page=67&size=45 |date=2021-04-15 }} </ref> </blockquote> == IALA, Interlingua e change del nómine a Interlingue == Li Association del Lingua Auxiliari International (IALA pro su initiales in anglesi), fundat in 1924<ref>{{Cite book|last=Esterhill|first=Frank J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-pUYFcH2PwC|title=Interlingua Institute: A History|publisher=Interlingua Institute|year=2000|isbn=9780917848025|pages=ix|access-date=2020-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413211451/https://books.google.com/books?id=V-pUYFcH2PwC|archive-date=2021-04-13|url-status=live}}</ref> por studiar e determinar li max bon lingue constructet por li communication international, esset in li comense videt con suspection communité occidentalist. Su cofundator, Alice Vanderbilt Morris, esset un esperantiste, quam ance mult de su personale<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 84|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=84&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415025850/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=84&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref>, e mult occidentalistes includent de Wahl self<ref name=":7" /> credet que su conductorité sub li esprantist William Edward Collinson (conosset inter li letores de Cosmoglotta pro un articul titulat "Some weak points of Occidental")<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937, p. 1|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&page=2&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203813/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&page=2&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-21}}</ref> significat que it hat esset creat con un personale de linguistes profesional sub un pretextu neutral e scientic por suportar un recomendation final pro Esperanto. Li relationes tost ameliorat se, totvez, quande it devenit clar que li IALA intentet esser tam ínpartial quam possibil per familiarisar se self con omni lingues artificial existent. Ric Berger, un prominent occidentalist qui plu tard comensar supportat Interlingua in li decade de 1950, detaliat un visita quel il fat a Morris in 1935 quel vastmen ameliorat su opinion del organisation: <blockquote> Mi personal opinion ne esset tam pessimistic. Nam, trovante me in 1935 in Bruxelles, yo solicitat e obtenet strax e tre amabilmen de Sra Morris un audientie durante quel mi hóspeda, con charmant manieres, invitat me parlar in Occidental. Ella petit su marito, li ambassador american, venir audir me por constatar ti cose quel semblat interessar les mult: un lingue de quel on comprendet omni paroles sin har aprendet it![...] Sra Morris posset usar su fortune subventionante simplicmen Esperanto. To esset su jure de convictet Esperantista. Vice to ella [...] decide donar su moné a un Tribunale linguistic *neutral* por soluer li problema *scienticmen*, mem si li judicie ea contra su convictiones<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=85&size=45|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 85|access-date=2019-01-31|archive-date=2021-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415031939/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=85&size=45|url-status=live}}</ref>. </blockquote> In 1945, IALA anunciat que planeat creat su propri lingue e monstrat quar possibil versiones sub consideration, omnes essent naturalistic<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 84|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=85&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415031939/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=85&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref> in opposition al schematisme. Occidentalistes esset pleset con li facte que IALA hat decidet crear un lingue tam simil a Occidental, vident it quam un credibil association quel dat pesu a su argument que un lingue auxiliarie devet proceder del studie de lingues natural vice provar adpatar les a un sistem artificial. Ric Berger esset particularmen positiv in li descrition de del lingue que IALA esset creant quam un victorie del scol naturalistic ("Li naturalitá esset victoriosi!")<ref name=":8" /> e "presc li sam lingue" in 1948<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 34|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&size=45&page=35|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415025943/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&size=45&page=35|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-26}}</ref>. Ma il ancor hat reservationes, dubitante ca un projecte con un aspecte e structur tam simil vell posser "subitmen causar li cade del prejudicies [contra li lingues artificial] e crear unitá inter li partisanes del lingues international"<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1948, p. 29|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&page=29&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014645/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&page=29&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-26}}</ref>. Il timet que it mey simplicmen "disperser sin utilitá li partisanes del lingue international" pos "Occidental hat fat li unitá del scole naturalistic"<ref name=":2" />. Durante que li du lingues hat un 90% de vocabularium identic<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|archive-date=2019-01-23|access-date=2019-01-22|quote=Alphonse Matejka konstatis, ke la publikigita vortprovizo de Interlingua en 90% kongruas kun tiu de Interlingue, se oni ne rigardas ortografion (historian kaj simpligitan) kaj uzon de finaj vokaloj.}}</ref> sin contar con li differenties ortografic (per exemplo, filosofie e philosphia esset considerat li sam parol), structuralmen ili esset mult different. Li regul de Wahl in Occidental hat presc eliminat li verbes latin de radice duplic (verbes quam acter: ager, act-, o misser, mitter, miss-) durante que Interlingua simplicmen acceptat les quam part del sistem naturalistic<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gode|first=Alexander|title=A grammar of Interlingua: Appendix 1 (Double-Stem Verbs)|url=https://adoneilson.com/int/gi/append/double.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023125657/https://adoneilson.com/int/gi/append/double.html|archive-date=2020-10-23|access-date=2020-10-21}}</ref>. Li lingues de control (italian, hispan e/o portugalesi, francesi, anglesi) usat in Interlingua por formar su vocabularium por li plu part reuiset un parol selectibil que devet esser trovabil inter li tir lingues fonte (li "regul del tri")<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le tres principios principal del standardization international in interlingua|url=https://www.interlingua.com/historia/publicationes/standardisation.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204205/https://www.interlingua.com/historia/publicationes/standardisation.htm|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-17}}</ref>, quel vell conflicter con li substracte germanic de Occidental e divers altri paroles quel vell esser par definition ínelegibil in un lingue unificat quel retenet li metodologie de Interlingue. Aceptar paroles de occidental quam "mann", "strax", "old" e "sestra" (Interlingua: ''viro'', ''immediatemente'', ''vetere'', ''soror'') in interlingua solmen posset esser fat eliminante li lingues de control, li nucleo del metodologie de Interlingua por determinar su vocabularium. Interlingua anc permisset li conjugation optional de verbes ínregulari quam ''so'', ''son'' e ''sia''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Interlingua-English Dictionary S|url=http://www.bowks.net/worldlang/aux/b_IED_s.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213083124/http://www.bowks.net/worldlang/aux/b_IED_s.html|archive-date=2007-12-13}}</ref> quam li unesim person del singular, li triesim person del singular e li subjuntive del verb ''esser''. Li Occidental ancor esser recuperante del guerre. Cosmoglotta durat reportante in 1946 pri qui hat survivet li guerre, qui inter ili esset pret por participar denov e qui esset íncontactabil<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1945, p. 120|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=119&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203639/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1945&page=119&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1946, p. 4|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=4&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203615/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1946&page=4&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-17}}</ref>. Li revúe esset financialmen tendet pro costes de printation inflat pos li guerre e su ínabilitá de collecter payamentes ex certe landes<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1948, p. 12|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&size=45&page=12|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415023734/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&size=45&page=12|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-26|quote=Translation: "Unfortunately, in 1947 we were not able to publish more than two printed editions: the enormous increase of printing costs and the difficulties transferring the credits accumulated in certain countries were the reasons why we had to be prudent about expenses...even though printing costs have increased by 5 times compared to before the war, the subscription fees have remained the same. Regretfully we have been forced to increase the subscription price this year to 8 Swiss francs..."}}</ref>, un constraste marcat con li bon-fundat<ref name="harlow2000">Harlow, Don. ''The Esperanto Book'', Chapter 3: {{Cite web|title=The Esperanto Book: 3|url=http://donh.best.vwh.net/Esperanto/EBook/chap03.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204044938/http://donh.best.vwh.net/Esperanto/EBook/chap03.html|archive-date=2012-02-04|access-date=2008-09-09}}.</ref> IALA, con centrale in Nov-York<ref>{{Cite web|title=Historia de Interlingua|url=https://www.interlingua.com/historia/|access-date=2021-11-20|website=www.interlingua.com}}</ref>. Li politica international esset altri desfacilitá por li occidentalistes por li guerre. Li comense del Guerre Frigid creat un istuation particularmen íncomfortabil por li Occidental-Union<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1948, p. 7|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&page=7&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415025617/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&page=7&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-01|quote="Li recent evenimentes politic e li division del munde in du sectores de influentie (occidental e oriental) ha mettet nor propagatores de quelc landes in delicat situation. It ha devenit desfacil nu parlar pri un lingue de quel li nómine in cert landes evoca suspectiones in li circul politic. Pro to nor Centrale ha recivet ti-ci mensus, precipue de Tchecoslovacia, propositiones usar vice li nómine de Occidental ti de Interal (=INTER/national Auxiliari lingue)."}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|archive-date=2019-01-23|access-date=2019-01-22|quote="La postmilita divido de Eŭropo en orientan kaj okcidentan sektoron sentigis la nomon “Occidental” propagando por kapitalisma okcidento, tial venis proponoj ŝanĝi la nomon."}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Pigal|first=Engelbert|title=Interlingue (Occidental), die Weltsprache|publisher=Gesellschaft Cosmoglotta|year=1950|location=Vienna, Austria|pages=4|oclc=67940249|quote=Schließlich wurde aus Gründen der Neutralität mit 1. September 1949 der Name der Sprache in Interlingue geändert.}}</ref>, de qui li nómine coincidet con un liga political anti-russ; li sviss occidentalistes credet que pro to li lettres de Edgar de Wahl esset interceptet<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1948, p. 99|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=100&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203808/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=100&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2019-02-01|quote=Translation: "One should not forget that the name Occidental had been selected in 1922, when it had absolutely no political significance. And today, by strange chance the title of the Occidental-Union coincides with that of a political league opposed to the Russians. It is possible that in Tallinn they considered de Wahl a person requiring police surveillance. How to protest and explain the misunderstanding from so far away?"}}</ref>. De Wahl restat sin saver pri li developationes in li lingue e li propostion durante li reste de su vive<ref>{{Cite web|title=Occidental A, 1948, p. 98|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=99&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203805/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1948&page=99&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-15}}</ref>. In li comense de 1948, li occidentalistes tchekoslovak hat comensat demandant un nov nómine quel vell permisser les continuar su activitás linguistic sin suspection, proposante li nómine "Interal" (international auxiliari lingue), a quel li union responde que li término Interlingue velll esser plu appropriat e que ili esset liber de presentar li lingue quam "Interlignue (Occidental)", o mem eliminar li mention a Occidental in parentesis si ili volet<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta B, 1948, p. 7|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&page=7&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415025617/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0m&datum=1948&page=7&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-02-01}}</ref>. Ric Berger comensat pledar pro li change de nómine ex Occidental a Interlingue in 1948<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographias: Ric(hard) Berger|url=https://www.interlingua.com/historia/biographias/berger.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413204010/https://www.interlingua.com/historia/biographias/berger.htm|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-18|quote=Postea, de 1934 a 1950, ille esseva co-redactor del magazin del Occidental-Union, "Cosmoglotta", e esseva le interprenditor in 1948 quando occidental - presentate per le estoniano Edgar de Wahl - cambiava nomine a interlingue.}}</ref> quel il esperat vell auxiliar in un fusion inter li du lingues<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta, summer 2000|url=http://cosmoglotta.narod.ru/Cg289/cg289.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215222745/http://cosmoglotta.narod.ru/Cg289/cg289.htm|archive-date=2018-12-15|access-date=2018-12-13|quote=Proque yo esperat que noi vell posser un vez fusionar con Interlingua, ti-ci nov nómine devet facilisar li transition por nor membres, evitante talmen, coram li publica, un nov radical changeament de nómine. Yo dunc proposit, in februar 1948, in Cosmoglotta, remplazzar li nómine Occidental per Interlingue malgré li oposition del presidente del Academie.}}</ref>. Li votation oficial por li change de nómine evenit in li plenum del Occidental-Union in 1949 e esset aceptat con un 91% de suporte, fante li nómine oficial Interlingue, con Interlingue (Occidental) anc permisset, comensante in septembre 1949<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p. 112|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/48608370/Cosmoglotta-October-1949|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724134429/https://www.scribd.com/doc/48608370/Cosmoglotta-October-1949|archive-date=2020-07-24|access-date=2019-02-09|quote=English translation: "91% of the voters have adopted the proposition of the Senate of the Occidental Union, i.e. the new name: INTERLINGUE. The usage of the name INTERLINGUE, or if one wishes INTERLINGUE (Occ.) is valid from 1.9.1949."}}</ref>. Li debut in 1951 de Interlingue debilisat Interlingue.Occiental, quel til tande hat esset íncontestat in li camp del lingues auxiliari naturalistic. Li perception del situation in ta témpor fat de Vĕra Barandovská-Frank es talmen (traductet ex Esperanto): <blockquote> In li camp del lingues artificial naturalistic Occidental-Interlingue esset til tande íncontestat (especialmen pos li morte de Otto Jespersen, autor del Novial), nam omni nov projectes esset presc imitationes de it. To applicat anc a Interlingua, ma it portat un dictionarium de 27 000 paroles fat de linguistes profesional que aportat gradn respecte, malgré in principie solmen confirmante li via que de Wahl hat comensat. Li Senate del Interlingue-Union e li Interlingue-Academie aceptat li propositiones que (1) li Interlingue Union devenit un membre collective de IALA e (2) que li Interlingue-Union restat favorabil al futur activitá de IALA e suportat it moralmen. Li unesim proposition ne esset acceptat, ma li duesim yes, dante un collaborarion practical e suporte a Interlingue<p>André Martinen, li duesim-ultim director de IALA, fat simil observationes a tis de Matejka. Il confesset que su variante preferet de Interlingua esset li max proxim a Interlingue vice ti oficialisat de Gode. In ti-ci circumstanties li eforties de Ric Berger de moer omni suportatores de Interlingue ''en masse'' a Interlingua esset un choc. Su heresie causat dúbite e interruptiones in circules de Interlingue, specialmen pos il implicat se in li publication de "Revista de Interlingua". Li old idé de un fusion natural de ambi lingues esset monstrat quam ínrealistic, con li nov lingue deveniente un rival.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|quote="...la simileco inter ambaŭ interlingvoj estas tiom granda, ke certe eblos iu racia sintezo inter ili, konkludis Matejka en 1951...La senato de Interlingue-Union kaj la Interlingue-Academie pritraktis la proponojn, ke (1) Interlingue Union iĝu kolektiva membro de IALA kaj (2) Interlingue-Union restu favora al estonta aktiveco de IALA kaj morale subtenu ĝin. La unua propono ne estis akceptita, sed jes la dua, do praktike kunlaboro kaj subteno de Interlingua."|access-date=2019-01-22|archive-date=2019-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|page=18|access-date=2019-01-22|archive-date=2019-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> </blockquote> Don Harlow similarmen resuma li annu 1951 por Occidental: <blockquote> Interlingua hat un districte electoral confectet. Presc triant annus hat passat de li creation de Occidental, de qui li forties in li munde "naturalistic" hat prevenit que altri projectes "naturalistic" mey developar su proprie movementes. Ma li stelle de Occidental hat pallidet desde li guerre. Nu, subitmen, venit ti-ci donation misset del ciel: un nov lingue constructet ancor plu "naturalistic" quam Occidental. Malgré li penas del passionat suportores de Occidental por evitar li ínevitabil -per exemple, con tacticas quam renominar li lingue Interlingue- li plupart del occidentalistes restant fat li curt peregrinage al altare de Interlingua<ref name="harlow2000" /> </blockquote> == Stagnation e reviventation == [[File:Cosmoglotta_325.jpg|thumb|Númere 325 de ''Cosmoglotta'' por li periode de januar a decembre 2019.]] Durante que li migration de tam multe usatores a Interlingua hat debilisat severmen Interlingue, li sequente cade de activitá esset gradual e evenit durante decades<ref name="Interlingua">{{Google books|id=OgHXBP3SoBsC|page=73|title=Language}}</ref><ref>{{Google books|id=V-pUYFcH2PwC|page=21|title=Interlingua Institute: A History}}</ref>. ''Cosmoglotta B'' haltat apparir pos 1950, e li frequentie de Cosmoglotta A comensat cader gradualmen: un vez chascun duesim mensu desde 1952, e poy un vez chascun trimestre desde 1963<ref name=":3" />. Altri bulletines in Interlignue continuat apparir durante ti-ci témpor quam ''Cive del Munde'' (Svissia), ''Voce de Praha'' (Tchekoslovakia), ''Sved Interlinguist'' (Svedia), ''International Memorandum'' ([[Unit Reyatu]]), ''Interlinguistic Novas'' (Francia), ''Jurnale Scolari International'' (Francia), ''Buletine Pedagogic International'' (Francia), ''Super li Frontieras'' (Francia), ''Interlingue-Postillon'' (1958, Germania), ''Novas de Oriente'' (1958, Japan), ''Amicitie european'' (1959, Svissia), ''Teorie e practica'' (Svissia-Tchekoslovakia, 1967), e''Novas in Interlingue'' (Tchekoslovakia, 1971). Barandovská-Frank credet que li reflut in interesse in Occidental-Interlingue evenit al mem témpor que li oldaritá del generation que esset unesim atraet a it ex altri lingues artificial (traductet ex Experanto): <blockquote> Li plu parte del interesates in Interlingue apartenet al generation quel devenit conossentat con Volapük, Esperanto e Ido, poy trovat li max estetic solution (esentialmen naturalistic) in Occidental-Interlingue. Mult subsequentmen met a Interlingua de IALA, quel totvez no demonstrat esser plu successosi malgré li impression de su orígine scientis, e tis qui restat fidel a Occidental-Interlingue no successet in comunicar su entusiasme al nov generation<ref name=":4" /> </blockquote> Li activitá in Interlingue atinget su punctu bass in li decenies de 1980 e li comense de 1990, quande li publication de Cosmoglotta cessat durante quelc annus. Durante que li númere 269 esset publicat in 1972 pos publicar un vez per season inter 1963<ref name=":3" />, li númere 189 ne esset atinget til li estate de 2000<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, Summer 2000|url=http://cosmoglotta.narod.ru/Cg289/cg289.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922200525/http://cosmoglotta.narod.ru/Cg289/cg289.htm|archive-date=2021-09-22|access-date=2018-12-13}}</ref> por un medial valore de min ca un númere per annu. Secun Harlow, "in 1985, li ultim revúe de Occidental, Cosmoglotta, haltat publicar, e su editor, [[Adrian Pilgrim]], es citat quam havent descrit Occidental quam 'un lingue mort'"<ref name="harlow2000" />. Un decade plu tard, un documentarie in 1994 de Steve Hawley e Steyger pri lingue artificial introductet li parlator de Interlingue Donal Gasper quam "un del ultim parlatores del lingue Occidental"<ref>{{Citation|last=Hawley|first=Steve|title=Language Lessons 1994|date=2010-06-01|url=https://vimeo.com/12197673|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211190635/https://vimeo.com/12197673|access-date=2019-01-30|archive-date=2019-12-11|url-status=live}}</ref>. Quam evenit con altri lingues artificial, li arrivation del interrete sporstimulat li revivation de Interlingue<ref>{{Cite web|title=Omniglot: Interlingue (Occidental)|url=https://omniglot.com/writing/occidental.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929131417/https://omniglot.com/writing/occidental.htm|archive-date=2020-09-29|access-date=2020-08-09}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web|last=Barandovská-Frank|first=Vĕra|title=Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo)|url=http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123010131/http://interl.home.amu.edu.pl/interlingvistiko/Barandovska_Latinidaj_planlingvoj.pdf|archive-date=2019-01-23|access-date=2019-01-22}}</ref><ref name="Interlingua" />. In li annu 1999 li unesim Yahoo! Group in Occidental esset fundat, Cosmoglotta hat comensat esset publicat intermittentmen denov, e li lingue devenit tema de discussion in li litteratura pri lingues auxiliari<ref>{{Cite web|title=IE-Munde - Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162516/https://www.ie-munde.com/historie.html|archive-date=2019-01-30|access-date=2019-01-30|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref>. Un exemple es ''The Esperanto Book'', publicat in 1995 de Harlow, qui scrit que Occidental hat un emfase intentional in formes europan e que quelc de su sequores principal suportat un filosofie eurocentric, quel mey obstructer su expansion<ref name="harlow2000" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 33|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413203551/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1927&page=39&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-13|access-date=2020-12-20}}</ref>. Támen, li vision opposit<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1927, p. 64|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415014456/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1929&page=68&size=45|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2020-10-18|quote=Yo confesse que yo vide poc in li Europan cultura del ultim 1900 annus quel es tam remarcabilmen preciosi. To quo es max visibil es tyrannie, oppression, guerres e nigri superstition.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1949, p.108|url=http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724141051/http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/131845221/Cosmoglotta%20A%20149%20%28oct%201949%29|archive-date=2020-07-24|access-date=2020-10-18|quote=In ti témpor yo esset in Sydney, e pro que yo havet grand interesse por li indigenes e volet converter mi blanc fratres a un bon opinion pri ili, yo scrit in li presse pri ti heroic action e comparat li brutalitá del blanc rasse con li conciliantie e self-sacrificie del negros.}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Kosmoglott, 1924, p. 2|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1924&page=2&size=45|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215154215/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1924&page=2&size=45|archive-date=2021-02-15|access-date=2019-02-16|quote=Tal paroles nu ancor ne tro numerosi, ja in li secul passat ha augmentat in grand quantitá, e in futur va crescer in exorbitant proportion, quande, per li international comunication, li idées del stabil oriental cultures va inundar e influer li maladi Europa, quel just nu perdi su equilibrie.}}</ref> anc esset commun in li communitá e Occidental ganiat adherentes in mult nationes includet asian<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1937|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015404/https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=e0g&datum=1937&size=45&page=114|archive-date=2021-04-15|access-date=2019-01-29|quote=JAPAN: Kokusaigo-Kenkyusho, Daita 11-784, Setagaya, TOKIO (Pch. Tokio 62 061)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cosmoglotta A, 1958, p. 66, 77|url=https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915114204/https://github.com/occidental-lang/occidental-lang.github.io/blob/master/resources/Cosmoglotta_V_1958.pdf|archive-date=2021-09-15|access-date=2020-12-22|website=[[GitHub]]}}</ref>. Li Wikipedia in Interlingue esset approvat in 2004. In annus recente ha recomensat li reunones oficial de parlatores de Interlingue: un in Ulm in 2013<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Litt incontra in Ulm.|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 7 - Octobre 2013}}</ref>, altri in Munich in 2014 con tri participantes<ref>{{Cite web|title=IE-Munde - Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130162556/https://www.ie-munde.com/incontra-de-interlingue-7-im-de-april-2014-in-muenchen.html|archive-date=2019-01-30|access-date=2019-01-30|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref>, e un triesim in Ulm li annu sequent con quin<ref>{{Cite journal|title=TRIESIM MINI-INCONTRA DE INTERLINGUE|journal=IE-MUNDE (Revúe in Interlingue-Occidental) Numeró 11 – Octobre 2015}}</ref> [[File:Noi_canta_in_Interlingue.jpg|thumb|Image del profil del YouTube canale ''Noi canta in Interlingue-Occidental!'']] In li ultim annus nov libres ha esset publicat in Interlingue quam ''Li litt prince''<ref name="IE">{{Cite web|title=IE-Munde – Jurnal e information pri Interlingue (Occidental)|url=https://www.ie-munde.com/textus-in-interlingue.html|access-date=2022-01-23|website=www.ie-munde.com}}</ref>, li Evangelie de Marc<ref name="IE"/>, ''Salute, Jonathan!'', e deciquin obres litterari de [[Vicente Costalago]] quam ''[[Li sercha in li castelle Dewahl e altri racontas]]'', ''[[Antologie hispan]]'', ''[[Fabules, racontas e mites]]'', e ''[[Subuqti]]''. Il cessat publicar litteratura in Interlingue in li annu 2024 etsi il támen publica in ''Cosmoglotta''. [[Dorlota Burdon]] publica desde li annu 2020 regulari original racontas in li jurnal [[Posta Mundi]] e su blog [[Puellesses]] <ref> Vide li editiones de Posta Mundi che archieve.org e li blog [https://puellesses.wordpress.com/ Puellesses]</ref>. Desde li annu 2025 mem musica in [[Interlingue]] che [[YouTube]] aparit in li canale ''[[Noi canta in Interlingue-Occidental!]]''. Li musica es creat per auxilie de [[inteligentie artificial]], ma li textus es scrit e li conception del cantes fat de Interlingueistes<ref>Vide li canale [https://www.youtube.com/@emilydewahl Noi canta in Interlingue-Occidental]] che [[YouTube]]</ref>. Desde li annu 2025 [[Patricia Schmidt]] publica su blog [[Li Luce de Interlingue]]<ref>Vide [https://lucedeinterlingue.blogspot.com/ Li Luce de Interlingue]</ref> con textus original in Interlingue. In li internet hay activ gruppes de [[Interlingue]] che [[Discord]], [[Facebook]], [[Reddit]] e un e-mail liste che io.groups. Li [[Interlingue-Union]] ancor publica li revúe [[Cosmoglotta]] duvez chascun annu. In decembre 2025, un nov revúe in Occidental con li nómine ''[[Cosmoglotta Comunité]]'' comensat esser publicat<ref>''Nov Iniciative'', in ''[https://archive.org/details/cg-336-2025-2/mode/2up Cosmoglotta 336]''</ref>. == Referenties == {{Reflist}} == Ligamentes extern == * [http://cosmoglotta.pbworks.com/w/page/132205656/Cosmoglotta%20B%20008%20%28nov-dec%201936%29 Li developation de Occidental] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPTheWglx5I Historie de Occidental (Interlingue)] {{Interlingue}} [[Categorie:Interlingue]] hl03p2u3oruzgubzimvlvi9jr6e74m0 0 21077 168287 168242 2026-06-15T10:08:22Z Flamme-Bleue 21481 168287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Murmansk | flagg = Flag of Murmansk Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Murmansk Oblast.svg | bild = | districte = | reg_economic = | area = 144 902 | habitantes = 651 363 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 36,62 | website = | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Murmansk Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Murmansk''' es un region in [[Russia]]. Li oblast esset creat in li annu 1938. It es adjacent con li [[Republica de Karelia]], li [[Oblast Arkhangelsk]] e con li países [[Finland]] e [[Norvegia]]. Li oblast Murmansk have un area de 144 902 km². Li population es 1 180 174 persones, e li densitá de population es 36,62 pers./km². Li centre del region es li cité de [[Murmansk]]. == Division administrativ == '''Structura de guvernament:''' * 5 districtes (rayones) * 12 cités de significantie regional {{Subdivisiones de Russia}} [[Categorie:Russia]] 3430d6yaockrfsr9r60u90b79n5v9cs 168289 168287 2026-06-15T10:14:16Z Flamme-Bleue 21481 168289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Murmansk | flagg = Flag of Murmansk Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Murmansk Oblast.svg | bild = | districte = | reg_economic = | area = 144 902 | habitantes = 651 363 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 4,5 | website = | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Murmansk Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Murmansk''' es un region in [[Russia]]. Li oblast esset creat in li annu 1938. It es adjacent con li [[Republica de Karelia]], li [[Oblast Arkhangelsk]] e con li países [[Finland]] e [[Norvegia]]. Li oblast Murmansk have un area de 144 902 km². Li population es 1 180 174 persones, e li densitá de population es 4,5 pers./km². Li centre del region es li cité de [[Murmansk]]. == Division administrativ == '''Structura de guvernament:''' * 5 districtes (rayones) * 12 cités de significantie regional {{Subdivisiones de Russia}} [[Categorie:Russia]] nfa6itief9gzj4vst9xed9w3a652881 0 21081 168279 168278 2026-06-14T14:52:24Z Flamme-Bleue 21481 168279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Chelyabinsk | flagg = Flag of Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg | bild = | districte = | reg_economic = | area = 144 902 | habitantes = 3 385 124 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 38,24 | website = | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Chelyabinsk''' es un region in [[Russia]]. Li oblast esset creat in li annu 1934. It es adjacent con li oblastes Sverdlovsk, Kurgan, Orenburg, li Republica Bashkortostan e con li país [[Kazakstan]]. Li oblast Chelyabinsk have un area de 88 529 km². Li population es 3 385 124 persones, e li densitá de population es 38,24 pers./km². Li centre del region es li cité de [[Chelyabinsk]]. {{Subdivisiones de Russia}} [[Categorie:Russia]] ljcvlotsrv1o3h2vmx1p0c4g3j9fhqd 168280 168279 2026-06-14T14:54:09Z Flamme-Bleue 21481 168280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Chelyabinsk | flagg = Flag of Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg | bild = Хребет Зюраткуль.jpg | districte = [[Districte Federal de Ural|Ural]] | reg_economic = [[Region Economic de Ural|Ural]] | area = 144 902 | habitantes = 3 385 124 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 38,24 | website = http://www.pravmin74.ru/ | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Chelyabinsk Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Chelyabinsk''' es un region in [[Russia]]. Li oblast esset creat in li annu 1934. It es adjacent con li oblastes Sverdlovsk, Kurgan, Orenburg, li Republica Bashkortostan e con li país [[Kazakstan]]. Li oblast Chelyabinsk have un area de 88 529 km². Li population es 3 385 124 persones, e li densitá de population es 38,24 pers./km². Li centre del region es li cité de [[Chelyabinsk]]. {{Subdivisiones de Russia}} [[Categorie:Russia]] a5sodhnqduh3j4zkbzjvgaoqu5yn4bc 0 21082 168284 2026-06-14T21:11:22Z Dorlota 13847 Creat págine contenente «[[File:Mulde dueben.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Li Mulde apu Bad DÜben]] Li '''Mulde''' es un fluvie in li ost de [[Germania]]. It es un levul afluente del fluvie [[Elbe]]. Li Mulde origina sud-ost de [[Leipzig}} apu [[Sermuth (Saxonia)]]. Li fluvie desinbocca inter Dessau e Roßblau in li [[Elbe]]. Li Mulde have un longore de 124 kilometres. It flue tra li cités [[Grimma]], [[Bitterfeld-Wolfen]], [[Dessau-Roßlau]], [[Wurzen]], [[Eilenburg]] e [[Bad Düben]]. ...» 168284 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mulde dueben.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Li Mulde apu Bad DÜben]] Li '''Mulde''' es un fluvie in li ost de [[Germania]]. It es un levul afluente del fluvie [[Elbe]]. Li Mulde origina sud-ost de [[Leipzig}} apu [[Sermuth (Saxonia)]]. Li fluvie desinbocca inter Dessau e Roßblau in li [[Elbe]]. Li Mulde have un longore de 124 kilometres. It flue tra li cités [[Grimma]], [[Bitterfeld-Wolfen]], [[Dessau-Roßlau]], [[Wurzen]], [[Eilenburg]] e [[Bad Düben]]. [[Categorie: Fluvies]] icro02bnmc3m6zf456gaief7jjiv8yl 168285 168284 2026-06-14T21:12:17Z Dorlota 13847 168285 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mulde dueben.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Li Mulde apu Bad DÜben]] Li '''Mulde''' es un fluvie in li ost de [[Germania]]. It es un levul afluente del fluvie [[Elbe]]. Li Mulde origina sud-ost de [[Leipzig]] apu [[Sermuth (Saxonia)]]. Li fluvie desinbocca inter Dessau e Roßblau in li [[Elbe]]. Li Mulde have un longore de 124 kilometres. It flue tra li cités [[Grimma]], [[Bitterfeld-Wolfen]], [[Dessau-Roßlau]], [[Wurzen]], [[Eilenburg]] e [[Bad Düben]]. [[Categorie: Fluvies]] p93kwyuelqrqr027pbvdp9k02pq7a6m 0 21083 168288 2026-06-15T10:13:23Z Flamme-Bleue 21481 Creat págine contenente «{{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Murmansk | flagg = Flag of Murmansk Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Murmansk Oblast.svg | bild = | districte = | reg_economic = | area = 144 902 | habitantes = 134 544 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 4,5 | website = | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Murmansk Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Magadan''' es un...» 168288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Murmansk | flagg = Flag of Murmansk Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Murmansk Oblast.svg | bild = | districte = | reg_economic = | area = 144 902 | habitantes = 134 544 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 4,5 | website = | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Murmansk Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Magadan''' es un region in [[Russia]]. Li oblast esset creat in li annu 1953. It es adjacent con li krais de Khabarovsk e Kamchatka, li okrug autonom de Chukotka e li Republica Saha. Li oblast Magadan have un area de 462 464 km². Li population es 134 544 persones, e li densitá de population es 0,29 pers./km². Li centre del region es li cité de [[Magadan]]. == Division administrativ == '''Structura de guvernament:''' * 8 districtes (rayones) * 1 cité de significantie regional {{Subdivisiones de Russia}} [[Categorie:Russia]] m7y17hzpehi1wi1n78n4bjoobsl734b 168290 168288 2026-06-15T10:15:07Z Flamme-Bleue 21481 168290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox subdivision in Russia | name = Oblast Magadan | flagg = Flag of Magadan Oblast.svg | blason = Coat of arms of Magadan Oblast.svg | bild = | districte = | reg_economic = | area = 462 464 | habitantes = 134 544 | hab_datum = 2025 | densitá = 0,29 | website = | position = Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Magadan Oblast.svg | pos_categorie = Russia }} Li '''Oblast Magadan''' es un region in [[Russia]]. Li oblast esset creat in li annu 1953. It es adjacent con li krais de Khabarovsk e Kamchatka, li okrug autonom de Chukotka e li Republica Saha. Li oblast Magadan have un area de 462 464 km². Li population es 134 544 persones, e li densitá de population es 0,29 pers./km². Li centre del region es li cité de [[Magadan]]. == Division administrativ == '''Structura de guvernament:''' * 8 districtes (rayones) * 1 cité de significantie regional {{Subdivisiones de Russia}} [[Categorie:Russia]] kmg2ufs8ji8uzpf4j55466o8mw4rzmb