Mohammed Saleh (politician)

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'''Mohammed Sani Saleh''' bụ onye ọchịagha lara ezumike nká na onye bụbu onye nnọchi anya Senator na-anọchite mpaghara etiti Kaduna na ọgbakọ mba dị na Abuja. [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], a họpụtara ya n'ụbọchị itoolu n'ọnwa Eprel 2011 n'oge ntuli aka mba na okpuru otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Congress for Progressive Change (CPC). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thinkafricapress.com/nigeria/realigning-election|work=Think Africa|title=A Realigning Election?|date=14 April 2011|author=RITA HADDAD|accessdate=2011-04-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110417110947/http://thinkafricapress.com/nigeria/realigning-election|archivedate=17 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ==
Na ntuli aka nke ụbọchị itoolu n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, ndị ọmụma aka Saleh bụ onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Ego mmepe teknụzụ mmanụ ala, Hamisu Yusuf Abubakar (Mairago) nke otu[[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP), na Hajia Halima Aminu Turaki nke otu [[Action Congress|Action Congress of Nigeria]] (ACN) . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.punchontheweb.com/Articl.aspx?theartic=Art20110402113548|title=Political parties in supremacy battle|author=Niyi Odebode|date=2 Apr 2011|work=The Punch|accessdate=2011-04-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002103544/http://www.punchontheweb.com/Articl.aspx?theartic=Art20110402113548|archivedate=2 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ekwusịrị onye mmeri ntuli aka, Saleh toro [[Kọmitii Ntuli Aka nke Onwe Onye|Independent National Electoral Commission]] (INEC) maka omume ntuli aka ahụ, na-ekwu na &quot;ọ rụọla ọrụ nkwenye nke ọma n'oge a, dị mma nke ukwuu, enwere m olileanya na a ga na-eme ya na ntuli aka ndị ọzọ.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/politics/politics-today/10067-senator-elect-commends-inec-|title=Senator-elect commends INEC|date=12 April 2011|author=Lawal Sadiq Sanusi|work=Peoples Daily|accessdate=2011-04-24|archivedate=2011-10-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009004335/http://www.peoplesdaily-online.com/politics/politics-today/10067-senator-elect-commends-inec-}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'oge ntuli aka onye isi ala na n'ụbọchị iri na isii nke ọnwa prel afọ 2011, e nwere mbọ ndị ntorobịa nọ na [[Kaduna]] kpalitere mgbe osote onye isi ala [[Namadi Sambo]] nke PDP rutere ebe a na-eme ntuli aka ịtụ vootu. Saleh kwadoro ndị isi na igbochi ihe ahụ merenụ, na-ekwu &quot;Anyị ga-asọpụrụ ikike emebere. Ọbụnadi ọdịnala anyị gwara anyị ka anyị sọpụrụ ndị okenye anyị ”. O tokwara etu ntuli aka ahụ si gaa, na-akọwa ya dịka ihe nlere anya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldstagegroup.com/worldstage/index.php?&amp;id=2596&amp;active=news|date=April 16, 2011|title=Vice President Sambo votes amidst tight security over attack threat|work=World Stage|accessdate=2011-04-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314124620/http://www.worldstagegroup.com/worldstage/index.php?&amp;id=2596&amp;active=news|archivedate=March 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebensidee ==
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      <text bytes="211022" sha1="neibssiodha5lijmcoqergkcfrkmwcl" xml:space="preserve">Abụ m Olugold ọ na-amasị m inye aka na ọrụ Wikimedia Foundation.

== Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? ==

Hi! Olugold,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

Please vote and encourage other editors of Igbo Wikipedia to also vote.

Regards, [[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|kwuo]]) 16:39, 11 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC)

:Thank you so much [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 20:41, 11 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC)

== Stefania Turkewich ==

Thank you very much for this article, Olugold! [[Ọbanife:Nicola Mitchell|Nicola Mitchell]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Nicola Mitchell|kwuo]]) 10:02, 14 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

:Anytime!😊👍🏾 [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 11:38, 14 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

== [[:Òtù:Candidates for speedy deletion]] ==

Hi, can you please review these deletion requests? '''[[User:Rschen7754|Rs]][[User talk:Rschen7754|chen]][[Special:Contributions/Rschen7754|7754]]''' 23:58, 8 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Done! Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 07:20, 9 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
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[[file:Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter, Introduction by Érica Azzellini, English, Nov 12, 2022.webm|thumb|320px|Ask Me Anything session introduction (12 November), presented by a Movement Charter Drafting Committee member.]]

* MCDC members attended the “[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter sessions|'''Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter''']]” sessions to provide more information about the Movement Charter, its goal, why it matters and how it impacts the communities. Recordings of the presentations in different languages can be found [[m:c:Category:Movement_Charter_videos|here]].
* [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program''']]: Movement Charter Ambassadors (MCA) are individuals or groups interested in helping to ensure that their communities are fully engaged in community consultations. MCA are interested in supporting their communities to understand the content of the Movement Charter as well as ensuring that their communities can easily provide feedback. Anyone can become a MCA! [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/grant|Dedicated funds are available]] to support the MCA and their activities. Are you interested in becoming a Movement Charter Ambassador for your community? Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]!
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcements/Closing membership|'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee will close membership''']]: The  Committee decided not to add new members or replace those who step down after 1 January 2023, unless for exceptional reasons.
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#October 2022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in October''']]:  The Committee released its regular monthly update from October 2022. It includes highlights about the Committee's progress in drafting the Movement Charter content, its upcoming community consultation and participation at Wikimedia events.

'''Coming up''':

* '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Community_consultation|Regional feedback conversations]]:''' The MCDC’s community consultations to collect feedback on the first three sections of the Movement Charter will take place between November 20 and December 18, 2022. You are invited to join one of the regional conversations planned for the eight regions (and various languages) of the Movement. Please note that interested people can share their feedback in different ways, including on the [[m:Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter/21 Movement Strategy forum], filling out a [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 survey] (anonymously) and sending an email to: [mailto:movementcharter@wikimedia.org movementcharter{{@}}wikimedia.org].
* '''Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]''' to become a Movement Charter Ambassadors from your community and help ensure that your community is aware of the conversations around the Movement Charter!  
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2022 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twentyfirst newsletter, covering November 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

'''Activities'''
* Current: Women in Climate Change editathon in various languages (1 December 2022 - 31 January 2023) (SDG 5 &amp; 13) [17]
* Past: Wikipedia and sustainability, how to increase knowledge on climate change? (SDG all) [1]
* Past: Wikidata editathon in Swedish during COP 27 (SDG  13) [2]

'''News'''
* Wikimedia Nederland signed the Wikimedia Affiliates Environmental Sustainability Covenant (SDG all) [3]
* WikiProject Govdirectory was featured as Digital Public Goods (SDG 16) [11]
* The theme for Wiki Loves Africa 2023 has been revealed: Climate and weather (SDG  13) [16]

'''Resources'''
* Let's Connect learning report - pilot phase 2022 (SDG 17) [15]

'''Research'''
* Recommendations for use of annotations and persistent identifiers in taxonomy and biodiversity publishing [SDG 15) [7]
* A longitudinal analysis of gender diversity in Wikipedia articles (SDG 5) [13]

'''Videos'''
* 10 Anos de Wikidata: Wikidata for Open Access to Cultural Heritage, por Susanna Ånäs (AvoinGLAM) (SDG 11) [14]

'''New WikiProjects'''
* Myosotis Pilot (SDG 15) [12]

'''New Wikidata properties'''
* Bank of information on the historical and cultural heritage of the Republic of Belarus (SDG 11) [4]
* Louisiana Plant ID (SDG 15) [5]
* DrugCentral ID (SDG 3) [8]
* Probes And Drugs ID  (SDG 3) [9]

'''New Wikidata query examples'''
* Map of water bodies in France (SDG 14) [6]
* Gender balances of winners of literary awards (SDG 5) [10]

'''Links'''
* [1] https://www.wikimedia.nl/session_wikiconnl22/
* [2] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Sweden/Swedish_Riksdag_documents/Kopplingssprint_COP_27
* [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Affiliates_Environmental_Sustainability_Covenant
* [4] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11184
* [5] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11189
* [6] https://w.wiki/5wCp
* [7] https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.8.e97374
* [8] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11198
* [9] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11199
* [10] https://w.wiki/5$BR
* [11] https://mailchi.mp/c3e4c371c62a/announcing-new-dpga-members-and-strengthening-dpi-12387620
* [12] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Museum_of_New_Zealand_Te_Papa_Tongarewa/What_We%27ve_Done/Myosotis_Pilot
* [13] https://observablehq.com/@pac02/wednesday-index
* [14] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vgh5_oD1yec
* [15] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Let%27s_Connect_learning_report_-_pilot_phase_2022.pdf
* [16] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Africa_2023
* [17] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Climate_Change_2022

This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 22:05, 1 Disemba 2022 (UTC) •  [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]]
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

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[[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Values and Principles presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Values &amp; Principles chapter by MCDC member [[m:User:Geugeor|Georges Fodouop]].]]
[[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Roles and Responsibilities presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Roles and Responsibilities chapter (statement of intent) by MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]].]]

* [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#November%202022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in November''']]''':''' As usual, the Committee released its regular monthly updates from November 2022. This month’s updates include highlights about the external facilitator hiring, next in-person meeting of the Committee and updates about the new drafting groups, among others. 
* [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|'''First community consultation period:''']] From mid November to mid December 2022 the Committee members took part in 8 regional feedback sessions. Committee members joined the sessions to provide clarifications and answer to questions that came from different language communities on the Movement Charter. 
** Recordings of the presentations shared during the regional meetings are available [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Regional Conversations#Regional%20conversation|here]] for those interested. 
** A list '''[[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Frequently Asked Questions|Frequently Asked Questions]]''' that came up in the calls is available on Meta. 
** If you have not shared your feedback on the drafts of the Movement Charter yet, please do so by filling out this [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 '''anonymous survey'''], which is open until '''January 2, 2023''' and is available in '''more than 12 languages'''. 
* [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassador Program''']] received over 15 proposals. The ambassadors are currently putting their initiatives into action in various local communities. The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program will once again be opened for applications in the second quarter of 2023, in preparation for the next  round of Movement Charter consultations. Both individuals and organizations will be able to apply. Those interested in becoming Movement Charter Ambassadors are encouraged to [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|sign-up]]. 

'''Coming up''':
* '''Community Conversations summary:''' [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Team|The Movement Strategy and Governance]] team of the Wikimedia Foundation will prepare and publish the final summary report of the community feedback in January 2023. The report will be shared with the MCDC and the communities on different channels of communication. 
* '''Feedback on the Movement Charter:''' There will be additional ways to engage with the Movement Charter content, including the early feedback on the proposed ratification process and a new set of draft chapters in the second quarter of 2023. 
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== Ihe nrite Onye Ntinyeaka ==


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|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; | '''Onye ntụgharị Pụrụ iche n'afọ 2022'''
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|style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; | Anyị n'ekele gị maka ọrụ ị na-arụ na &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 Wikipidia Igbo]&lt;/span&gt;. '''Daalụ maka ịtụgharị edemede karịrị nari abụọ'''. Ị mere nke ọma, jisie ike! 
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:Obi dị mu ụtọ maka ihe nrite nke afọ a. Daalụ nke ukwu! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 20:55, 28 Disemba 2022 (UTC)

== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2022 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twentysecond newsletter, covering December 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 13, 15 and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

'''Meetings'''
* January 15: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|Online user group meeting]] (SDG all)

'''Activities'''
* [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 15)
* [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13)
* [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 &amp; 13)

'''News'''
* [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2022/11/28/museology-myosotis-and-metadata-oh-my-sharing-sustainably-in-wikipedia/ Museology, Myosotis, and metadata oh my! Sharing sustainably in Wikipedia] (SDG 15)

'''Resources'''
* New Book: [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1 Open Mapping Towards Sustainable Development Goals] (SDG all)

'''Videos'''
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t66i3ztg-1E&amp;t=1717s Margaret Donald - Wikidata, OpenRefine &amp; Biota] (SDG 15)

'''Featured content'''
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_alismatid_families|List of alismatid families]] (SDG 15)

'''New Wikidata properties'''
* [[d:Property:P11231|has biological vector]] (SDG 15)
* [[d:Property:P11272|Bureau of Meteorology location ID]] (SDG 13)
* [[d:Property:P11277|CIViC gene ID]] (SDG 3)
* [[d:Property:P11281|Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate ID]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11282|Tanzania Parliament member ID]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11311|Lygaeoidea Species File ID]] (SDG 15)

This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:37, 1 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC) •  [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]]
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2023 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twentythird newsletter, covering January 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16&lt;!-- insert related SDGs here --&gt;.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

'''Meetings'''
* Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|19 February - User group meeting]] (SDG all) 
* Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230115|15 January - User group meeting]] (SDG all)

'''Activities'''
* Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 14)
* Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13)
* Upcoming: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Dunedin_5|The 2023 Bug of the Year Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 14)
* Past: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=74 Lexeme challenge Urology] (SDG 3)
* Past: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Veckans_tävling/Grodor_versus_ödlor|Swedish Wikipedia weekly challenge - Frogs versus lizards]] (SDG 14)
* Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December_2022/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Three_hundred_episodes_of_Critter_of_the_Week|Three hundred episodes of Critter of the Week]] (SDG 14)
* Past: [https://zenodo.org/record/7521891#.Y9p6MdLMKw4 Wikidata Queries around the SARS-CoV-2 virus and pandemic] (SDG 3)
* Past: [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 &amp; 13)

'''News'''
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/05/the-stories-behind-the-wiki-loves-earth-2022-photos-from-turkiye/ The stories behind the Wiki Loves Earth 2022 photos from Türkiye] (SDG 14)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/05/announcing-our-funding-support-from-the-patient-centered-outcomes-research-institute-pcori/ Announcing our funding support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)] (SDG 3)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/04/jumping-for-science-how-wikipedia-assignments-inspire-stem-students/ Jumping for science: how Wikipedia assignments inspire STEM students] (SDG 14)
* [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Birds_of_NYC_Photo_Contest/Winners|Birds of NYC Photo Contest Winners announced!]] (SDG 14)
* [https://anchor.fm/civichackerpodcast/episodes/Using-Wikidata-to-Connect-Constituents-With-Their-Government-e1or922 Using Wikidata to Connect Constituents With Their Government] (SDG 16)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/23/wiki-loves-earth-2022-presents-the-winners-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment/ Wiki Loves Earth 2022 presents the winners of the special nomination “Human rights and environment”!] (SDG 10 &amp; 14) 
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/19/equity-diversity-inclusion-in-affiliate-governance/ Equity, diversity &amp; inclusion in affiliate governance] (SDG 5 &amp; 10)

'''Resources'''
* [https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/01/26/building-life-sciences-knowledge-graph-data-lake.htmlBuilding a Life Sciences Knowledge Graph with a Data Lake] (SDG 3)

'''Videos'''
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HW6YxXRL18 Editor uses Wikidata to find new uses for existing drugs and speed up approval process for new treatments] (SDG 3)
* [[c:File:WikiForHumanRights_Information_Session_2023.webm|WikiForHumanRights Information Session]] (SDG 10)

'''Featured content'''
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_birds_of_Tuvalu|List of birds of Tuvalu]] (SDG 14) 
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Laos|List of World Heritage Sites in Laos]] (SDG 11) 
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh|List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh]] (SDG 11)

'''New Wikidata properties'''
* [[d:Property:P11429|NIP]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11402|NSR doctor ID]] (SDG 3)
* [[d:/Property:P11430|UniProt disease ID]] (SDG 3)
* [[d:Property:P11446|Strazha ID]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11500|United States House of Representatives ID]] (SDG 16)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]]
* '''First Community Consultation:''' A concise summary of the community consultation on the initial three drafts of the Charter is now available for your review [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|on Meta]] and [[wmfblog:2023/02/07/movement-charter-community-consultation-summary/|on the Diff platform]]. In addition, you can read about MC Ambassadors are sharing about their experiences: 
** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/highlights-of-the-movement-charter-drafting-committees-first-community-consultation/|Highlights of the community consultation process, as well as about the Movement Charter Ambassador Program]]. 
** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/igbo-wikimedians-communitys-participation-in-the-movement-charter-consultation/|The Igbo Wikimedia community’s participation in the MC consultation]].
** [[wmfblog:2023/02/01/ambassadors-of-the-movement-charter-draft-committee-in-the-arabic-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|The experience of Arabic-speaking community members]]. 
* '''What’s next after the community feedback period?''' The Committee is currently reviewing the detailed feedback which consists of 59 pages of comments, in March the Committee will share their response to the comments. The detailed version of the feedback, which the Committee is reviewing, is also available [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|on this Meta page]]. 
* '''MCDC’s Virtual Working Session:''' The Committee gathered virtually from 3rd to 5th February to work on the drafts of the following new set of [[m:Movement Charter/Content|chapters of the Movement Charter]]: Global Council, Hubs, Decision Making, and Roles &amp; Responsibilities. The Committee members worked in their smaller drafting groups first. The full Committee then convened, with representatives of each drafting group presenting the progress made so far, as well as about what type of support is needed for their future sessions. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#January 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in January''']]''':''' The update includes details of the meetings held by the Committee in the month of January 2023, stakeholder conversations, completed work as well as about the new drafting groups, creating glossary and independent legal review. 

'''Coming up:'''
* '''Community feedback on the ratification methodology''' proposal of the future Movement Charter. The feedback was postponed until March 2023. The communities will be able to review the ratification methodology and share their early input on the open questions.  
* '''The MCDC will soon announce a “Call for Advisors”.''' The call will be an invitation for interested individuals with relevant expertise and knowledge to participate in drafting the Charter. Advisors will be considered non-voting members.
* '''Responses to the community consultation feedback''' by the MCDC. The Committee has been carefully reviewing feedback collected in the consultation from November &amp; December 2022, and will publicly share responses to the feedback by March.   
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--14:20, 22 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC).
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== A new Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions update is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-02-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: the latest changes in our development team, info about our participation at the latest Conversation with Trustees, links to the recordings of our last week's meetings, and the latest development updates.

Enjoy the reading!

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 11:28, 27 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2023 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twentyfourth newsletter, covering February 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16&lt;!-- insert related SDGs here --&gt;.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;
'''Meetings'''
* [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|2023-03-05 User group meeting]] (SDG all)
* [[m:2023-03-19 User group meeting|Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting]] (SDG all)

'''Activities'''
* Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13)
* Ongoing: [[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions|Suggest &quot;Environmental sustainability and climate crisis&quot; topics for Wikimania]] (SDG all)
* Ongoing: [[m:Africa_Environment|Africa Environment WikiFocus]] (SDG 13)
* Past: [https://www.eventbrite.com/x/edit-for-climate-change-wikipedia-editathon-registration-526291811977 Edit for Climate Change: Wikipedia Editathon] (SDG 13)
* Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|Capacity Building Sessions on &quot;Tools for Finding the Right Articles&quot; and &quot;Building Article List with Petscan&quot;]] (SDG 10 &amp; 13)
* Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Resources|Regional Office Hours for Africa and Maghreb Regions]] (SDG 10 &amp; 13)

'''News'''
* [https://observablehq.com/@thadk/garden NCBI breakdown of common garden foods with photographs by Phytotheca] (SDG 2)

'''Resources'''
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Sweden_report|3000 Arctic images]] (SDG 13)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Content_Partnerships_Hub_report|SMART-Servier Medical Art upload]] (SDG 3)

'''Research'''
* [https://fosdem.org/2023/schedule/event/sustainability/ Open Source in Environmental Sustainability] (SDG 13)

'''New Wikidata properties'''
* [[d:Property:P11576|Norwegian war prisoner detention camp ID]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11587|Iowa legislator ID]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11610|National Grid Balancing Mechanism unit ID]] (SDG 7)

'''Wikidata query examples'''
* [https://w.wiki/5Vu8 Map of disasters by type] (SDG 11)

'''Featured articles'''
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:South_Asian_river_dolphin|South Asian river dolphin]] (SDG 14)
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sri_Lanka|List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka]] (SDG 11)
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_lamiid_families|List of lamiid families]] (SDG 15)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;gallery mode=packed caption=&quot;Featured images&quot;&gt;
File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96.jpg|Three horses (SDG 15)
File:Hunter_baby_chameleon.jpg|Hunter baby chameleon (SDG 15)
File:Rice_paper_butterfly_%2816709%29.jpg|Rice paper butterfly (SDG 15)
File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28top_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (top view) (SDG 15)
File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28side_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (side view).jpg (SDG 15)
File:Mockingbird_on_the_North_Lake_Trail_%2836851%29.jpg|Mockingbird on the North Lake Trail (SDG 15)
File:Striated_Pardalote_0012.jpg|Striated Pardalote (SDG 15)
File:Kleines_Wiesenv%C3%B6gelchen_am_Morgen.jpg|Wiesenvögelchen (SDG 15)
File:Immature_herring_gull_%2816259%29.jpg|Herring gull (SDG 15)
File:Northern_shoveler_male_in_Marine_Park_%2833296%29.jpg|Northern shoveler (SDG 15)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #106 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: an essay from Denny about deconstructing narratives around functions, links to the recordings of our last presentations, and the latest development updates.

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1678127403 today at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading!

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 09:21, 6 Maachị 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #107 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: an essay from Denny about where to store objects for Abstract Wikipedia (and relative problems with such issue) and the next appointment with the community.

About the last point, we remind you that the next Natural Language Generation workstream public meeting will be held on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1679416242 March 21, at 16:30 UTC] on Jitsi ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading!

--  [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 11:02, 17 Maachị 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]]
* '''Call for Advisors'''! Individuals interested to support the Drafting Groups or the Subcommittees of the MCDC in the role of an advisor can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform fill out the advisory application form] by May, 2023. The MCDC will be contacting interested individuals on a rolling basis. Do you want to know more about it? Please [[wmfblog:2023/02/21/movement-charter-drafting-committee-call-for-advisors/|read here for more information]]. The information is also available in [[wmfblog:ar/2023/03/02/لجنة-صياغة-ميثاق-الحركة-دعوة-مستشارين/|Arabic]], [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/01/comite-de-redaccion-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-convocatoria-de-asesores/|Spanish]], [[wmfblog:fr/2023/02/27/comite-de-redaction-de-la-charte-du-mouvement-appel-aux-conseillers/|French]], [[wmfblog:pt/2023/02/24/comite-de-redacao-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-chamada-para-pessoas-assessoras/|Brazilian Portuguese]], [[wmfblog:ru/2023/03/02/комитет-по-разработке-устава-движени/|Russian]] and [[wmfblog:zh-hant/2023/03/02/運動憲章起草委員會：徵求顧問/|Chinese]] languages respectively. 
* '''Movement Charter Ambassadors from the Latin America and the Caribbean region''' share their experiences of organizing community conversations on the Movement Charter. Please read the Diff blog [[wmfblog:pt/2023/03/12/programa-de-pessoas-embaixadoras-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-na-america-latina-e-no-caribe/|in Brazilian Portuguese]] and in [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/16/programa-de-embajadores-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-wikimedia-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/|Spanish languages]]. 
* '''Casual updates''': The MCDC publishes regular casual updates after bi-weekly full Committee meetings, as well as after other drafting group and subcommittee meetings. If you are interested, please read casual updates [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates/Casual|here on Meta]] and on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-drafting-committees-casual-updates/2079 Movement Strategy Forum]. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#February 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in February''']]''':''' As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work &amp; discussions. The MCDC’s monthly updates are also [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charters-discussion-and-monthly-updates/363/20 shared on the multilingual Movement Strategy forum]. 

'''Coming up'''

* '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|MCDC Responses to the community feedback]]''': The MCDC published responses [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|to the community feedback]] on the first set of drafts (collected during a consultation in November - December 2022). The response includes a [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|Summary]], as well as some [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|specific responses to the full community feedback]] (highlighted in orange).
* '''Revised Movement Charter drafts:''' The MCDC will share in the coming month the revised versions of the first two chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|Preamble]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values &amp; Principles|Values &amp; Principles]] (including a newly-added glossary), and the revised [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Roles &amp; Responsibilities|Roles &amp; Responsibilities intentions statement]].
* '''Ratification methodology consultation''': The MCDC is working on a new proposal (not available yet) for a [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology]]. The proposal will be discussed through a community consultation process, including live meetings to provide feedback. 

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''

&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

--11:34, 21 Maachị 2023 (UTC).
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #108 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue we announce [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-21780-7_6 a new paper] about Natural Language Generation by [https://www.cse.chalmers.se/~aarne/ Aarne Ranta], member of the Abstract Wikipedia NLG Special Interest Group and professor at the [[:w:en:University of Gothenburg|University of Gothenburg, Sweden]]. The paper is also accessible as a pre-print [https://www.grammaticalframework.org/~aarne/preprint-AAM-textgen.pdf here].

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1680543035 April 3, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading!

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 10:50, 24 Maachị 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2023 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twentyfifth newsletter, covering March 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

'''Meetings'''
* Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all)
* Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230305|User group meeting 2023-03-05]] (SDG all)

'''Activities'''
* Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13)
* Upcoming: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/30/join-the-wikiforhumanrights-campaign-and-contribute-knowledge-that-connects-human-rights-with-solutions-for-a-sustainable-future/ WikiForHumanRights] (SDG 10 &amp; 13)
* Upcoming: April 19 - [[m:Translat-a-thon/NYC/2023|LaGuardia Community College Earth Day Translatathon with Casa de las Américas NYC]] (SDG 13)
* Upcoming: April 22 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_2023_Bushwick|Earth Day 2023 Edit-a-thon Environment of Brooklyn Focus with Sure We Can]] (SDG 13)
* Upcoming: April 23 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_Wiknic|Earth Day Wiknic NYC]] (SDG 13)
* Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report|Gender and culture related event to test image suggestions on Wikipedia]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[m:Edit_a_thon/artfeminism-edit-a-thon-for-nigerian-female-artists-2023|Art+Feminism edit-a-thon for Nigerian female artists]] (SDG 5)

'''News'''
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/08/putting-our-energy-into-wikipedia-as-climate-action/ Putting our energy into Wikipedia as climate action] (SDG 13)
* [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/07/how-artfeminism-is-using-wikipedia-to-promote-equity-in-the-art-world/ How Art+Feminism is using Wikipedia to promote equity in the art world] (SDG 5)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/New_Zealand_report|Biodiversity Heritage Library and Wikidata]] (SDG 15)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/USA_report|Black history month and more]] (SDG 10)
* [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/14/women-do-news-tackling-the-gender-divide-in-journalism-through-wikipedia/ Women Do News: Tackling the Gender Divide in Journalism Through Wikipedia] (SDG 5)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/17/wiki-loves-earth-2023-is-starting/ Wiki Loves Earth 2023 is starting!] (SDG 15)
* [https://medium.com/@openheritagefoundation/the-quest-to-close-the-gender-gap-on-wikipedia-continues-five-year-anniversary-with-feminism-ebd7a3b3185e The Quest to Close the Gender Gap on Wikipedia Continues; Five-Year Anniversary with Feminism &amp; Folklore] (SDG 5)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/28/wikigap-malaysia-2023-empowering-women-in-indigenous-languages/ WikiGap Malaysia 2023: Empowering women in indigenous languages] (SDG 5)
* [https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/wikipedia-has-a-climatetech-problem Wikipedia has a climatetech problem] (SDG 13)

'''New Wikidata properties'''
* [[d:Property:P11623|NCI Drug Dictionary ID]] (SDG 3)
* [[d:Property:P11649|Malaysia Federal Legislation act ID]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11650|Moscow University Herbarium ID]] (SDG 15)
* [[d:Property:P11666|Norwegian Petroleum Directorate field ID]] (SDG 13)

'''Featured content'''
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_Saxifragales_families|List of Saxifragales families]] (SDG 15)
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:Red-throated_wryneck|Red-throated wryneck]] (SDG 15)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;gallery mode=packed caption=&quot;Featured images&quot;&gt;
Ourapteryx_yerburii_ssp._specimens_and_male_genitalia.jpg|Ourapteryx yerburii ssp. specimens and male genitalia (SDG 15)
Pterophorus_pentadactyla_-_Keila.jpg|Pterophorus pentadactyla (SDG 15)
Wood_duck_drake_%2886815%29.jpg|Wood duck drake (SDG 15)
Cardinal_%2886755%29.jpg|Cardinal (SDG 15)
Bunten_Kronwicke_%28Securigera_varia%29_Bl%C3%BCte-20200626-RM-173640.jpg|Bunten Kronwicke (Securigera varia) (SDG 15)
Neubrunn_Steinbruch_Blutrote_Heidelibelle_%28Sympetrum_sanguineum%29_8262082.jpg|Sympetrum sanguineum (SDG 15)
Boerenkrokus_%28Crocus_tommasinianus%29_28-02-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Crocus tommasinianus (SDG 15)
Papaya_-_longitudinal_section_close-up_view.jpg|Papaya - longitudinal section close-up view (SDG 15)
Aphantopus_hyperantus_-_Keila.jpg|Aphantopus hyperantus (SDG 15)
Australian_Zebra_Finch_0A2A3013.jpg|Australian Zebra Finch (SDG 15)
Melospiza_melodia_JRVdH_03.jpg|Melospiza melodia (SDG 15)
Roadside_hawk_%28Rupornis_magnirostris_griseocauda%29_eating_speckled_racer_%28Drymobius_margaritiferus%29_Orange_Walk.jpg|Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris griseocauda) eating speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) (SDG 15)
Black_iguana_%28Ctenosaura_similis%29_Cayo.jpg|Black iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (SDG 15)
Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28side_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (side view) (SDG 15)
Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28dorsal_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (dorsal view) (SDG 15)
Fr%C3%BChlings-Knotenblume_%28Leucojum_vernum%29-20230220-RM-161056.jpg|Frühlings-Knotenblume (Leucojum vernum) (SDG 15)
Ocellated_turkey_%28Meleagris_ocellata%29_male_Peten.jpg|Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) male (SDG 15)
Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey_%28Ateles_geoffroyi_yucatanensis%29_Peten_2.jpg|Geoffroy's spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi yucatanensis) (SDG 15)
Bessen_van_een_Ophiopogon_planiscapus_%27Niger%27._28-02-2023._%28d.j.b%29.jpg|Ophiopogon planiscapus (SDG 15)
Protaetic_cuprea_ignicollis_2023-03-22_IZE-066.jpg|Protaetic cuprea ignicollis (SDG 15)
Monarch_butterflies_%28Danaus_plexippus_plexippus%29_Piedra_Herrada_2.jpg|Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) (SDG 15)
Cepaea_nemoralis_Paarung-20230314-RM-110511.jpg|Cepaea nemoralis (SDG 15)
Wiesen_Pippau_%28Crepis_biennis%29-20220624-RM-123950.jpg|Crepis biennis (SDG 15)
Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) Cayo.jpg|Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) (SDG 15)
Trifolium_spadiceum_-_Niitv%C3%A4lja.jpg|Trifolium spadiceum (SDG 15)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 07:42, 1 Eprel 2023 (UTC) •  [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]]
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
[[File:MCDC_pre_work_at_New_York_BoT_retreat.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Committee's meeting in New York, in early March.]]
* '''Starting conversations on how to ratify the Movement Charter:''' The Committee invites the Wikimedia movement to express opinions on the [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|'''proposed Movement Charter ratification methodology''']] from April 10 to April 28. Everyone is invited to share feedback [[m:Talk:Movement Charter#Ratification methodology|on the Meta talk page]] or the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930 Movement Strategy forum]. Two community conversation hours are planned to take place: on '''April 18 at 10.00 UTC''' and '''April 24 at 17.00 UTC'''. Please [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification/Ratification methodology review launch|read the details here]]. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|'''MCDC’s responses to the community feedback are now on Meta''']]''':''' The Committee has shared a summary of their responses and next steps based on the feedback from the first round of community consultation which took place late 2022.
* '''What to read on Diff?''' 
** [[wmfblog:2023/03/17/4-movement-charter-ambassadors-from-the-french-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|'''Learn more about the Movement Charter Ambassadors work''']]''':''' Movement Charter Ambassadors from the French-speaking community share their experience. 
** MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]] has written a blog post titled “[[wmfblog:2023/03/30/an-excerpt-from-my-life-movement-strategy-and-mcdc/|An excerpt from my life, movement, strategy and MCDC]]”. 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#Meetings|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in March''']]''':''' the monthly Committee’s updates include information about the coordination efforts with Wikimedia Germany, update on membership, submission to Wikimania 2023, participation at the Wikimedia Foundations Board of Trustees’ strategic retreat in New York in March 2023. 

'''Coming up:''' 

* '''Revised chapters:''' The Committee is preparing to publish the revised draft chapters of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|The Preamble]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values &amp; Principles|Values &amp; Principles]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Roles &amp; Responsibilities|Roles &amp; Responsibilities]] intentions statement, based on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|the community feedback]] received in November and December 2022. 
* '''Inviting advisors and experts:''' The Committee is preparing to welcome a number of advisors from outside the Committee. All interested Wikimedians were invited to apply earlier (you can still [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform apply here]!). Additionally, the Committee is planning and scheduling meetings with individuals with specific sets of expertise in various topics, including stewards, movement committees, Wikimedia Foundation and affiliate staff, and others.

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
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--19:18, 15 Eprel 2023 (UTC).
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #109 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-04-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: a reflection about implementation of functions, a [https://keet.wordpress.com/2023/03/14/some-reflections-on-designing-abstract-wikipedia-so-far/ reflection on Abstract Wikipedia] from [[User:Keet10|Prof. Maria Keet]], and a reminder about an in-person talk about Abstract Wikipedia in Sweden.

Also, we remind you that the next Natural Language Generation special interest group public meeting will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682440206 April 25, 2023 at 16:30 UTC]''' on Jitsi ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Special guest of the meeting will be [https://github.com/olpa/multi-nlg Oleg Parashchenko], who will share his experience and thoughts about implementing a multilingual NLG system. 

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 09:11, 21 Eprel 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #110 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-04-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: Wikimedia Endowment finances development of the project, and the team has published its manifesto, Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) and communications principles.

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1683567008 May 8, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:54, 2 Mee 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2023 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twenty-sixth newsletter, covering April 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

'''Meetings'''
* Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting 2023-05-07]] (SDG all)
* Past: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20230402|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all)

'''Activities'''
* Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13)
* Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_the_Challenge|WikiForHumanRights 2023 International Writing Contest]] (SDG 13, 14, 6)
* Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_Community_Events|WikiForHumanRights 2023 local community events]] (SDG 13, 15, 14, 6)
* Ongoing: [[m:Wiki_Climate_Campus_Tour_Nigeria|WikiCampusTourNigeria Project]] (SDG 6, 13, 14, 15)
* Upcoming (and past): [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Kvinnor,_arkitektur_och_design|Women, architecture and design]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Albania_report|WikiGap Tirana 2023, Albania]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|BBC 100 women editathon]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Kosovo_report|WikiGAP in Prishtina]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Switzerland_report|15 Days of French women writers]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/DC/TSU_USF_Women%27s_History_Month_Wikipedia_Edit-a-thon|TSU USF Women's History Month Wikipedia Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 5)
* Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Smithsonian_AWHI/Meetup/Crafting_a_Better_Wikipedia:_Women_of_Color_in_the_Renwick_Gallery|Crafting a Better Wikipedia: Women of Color in the Renwick Gallery]] (SDG 5)

'''News'''
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/07/tuswug-s2e2-women-in-wiki/ TUSWUG S2E2: Women in Wiki] (SDG 5)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/13/inaugural-edition-of-the-organizer-lab-awards-6-community-grants/ Inaugural edition of the organizer lab awards – 6 community grants] (SDG 5 &amp; SDG 13)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/29/bolstering-womens-voices-and-histories-on-wikipedia/ Bolstering women’s voices and histories on Wikipedia] (SDG 5)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|A huge upload for biologists]] (SDG 15)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPPBhuQPhs&amp;ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation WikiForHumanRights 2023 Launch Webinar] (SDG 13, 14, 6)
* [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|WikiForHumanRights 2023 and WMF Human Rights Team Online Safety Capacity Building for Organizers]] (SDG 13)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLBSSlrI2vo WikiForHummanRights 2023 and Let's Connect Capacity building on good practices for retention] (SDG 13)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/living-through-a-triple-planetary-emergency-capturing-the-most-impactful-knowledge-to-weather-the-storm/ Living through a Triple Planetary Emergency: Capturing the Most Impactful Knowledge to Weather the Storm] (SDG 10 &amp; SDG 13)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/wikimedia-foundation-environmental-sustainability-report-for-2022/ Wikimedia Foundation Environmental Sustainability Report for 2022] (SDG 13)
* [[:File:Wikimedia_h%C3%A5llbarhetsrapport_2022.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige sustainability report 2022]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13)

'''Research'''
* [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12964 Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base] (SDG 15)

'''New Wikidata properties'''
* [[d:Property:P11698|student retention rate]] (SDG 4)
* [[d:Property:P11704|INEP ID]] (SDG 4) [51]
* [[d:Property:P11729|Kulturenvanteri.com ID]] (SDG 11)
* [[d:Property:P11747|holds diplomatic passport of]] (SDG 16)
* [[d:Property:P11741|SINTA affiliation ID]] (SDG 4)

'''Featured content'''
* English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_afrosoricids|List of afrosoricids]] (SDG 15)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;gallery mode=packed caption=&quot;Featured images&quot;&gt;
Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15)
Leptura_quadrifasciata_female_-_Keila.jpg|Leptura quadrifasciata (SDG 15)
Bursa_lamarckii_01.jpg|Bursa lamarckii (SDG 15)
Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_head_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15)
Western_Bowerbird_0A2A0436.jpg|Chlamydera guttata (SDG 15)
White-breasted_nuthatch_%2826471%29.jpg|Sitta carolinensis (SDG 15)
Patzmannsdorf_-_K%C3%BCrbisfeld_mit_Pfarrkirche_und_Raiffeisen-Silo_in_Stronsdorf.jpg|Pumpkin field (SDG 2)
Cinnamon-bellied_flowerpiercer_%28Diglossa_baritula%29_male_on_Indian_shot_%28Canna_indica%29_Finca_El_Pilar.jpg|Diglossa baritula &amp; Canna indica (SDG 15)
Knoppen_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer_platanoides%29._03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer platanoides (SDG 15)
Cinnamon_hummingbird_%28Amazilia_rutila%29_in_flight_Los_Tarrales.jpg|Amazilia rutila (SDG 15)
Passion_fruits_-_whole_and_halved.jpg|Passiflora edulis (SDG 15)
Golden-fronted_%28Velasquez%27s%29_woodpecker_%28Melanerpes_aurifrons%29_male_Copan.jpg|Melanerpes aurifrons (SDG 15)
Argiope_spider_female_adult_on_her_web_dorsal_view_black_background_Don_Det_Laos.jpg|Argiope versicolor (SDG 15)
Daslook._Allium_ursinum%2C_zwellende_bloemknop._18-04-2022_%28actm.%29_04.jpg|Allium ursinum (SDG 15)
Fallen_leaf_of_Platanus_x_hispanica_%281%29.jpg|Platanus x hispanica (SDG 15)
Thymelicus_lineola_underside_-_Keila.jpg|Thymelicus lineola (SDG 15)
Japanse_esdoorn_%28Acer_palmatum%29_03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer palmatum (SDG 15) [38]
Common_kestrel_%28Falco_tinnunculus%29_female_%28IMGP1648r2-DNA%29.jpg|Falco tinnunculus (SDG 15) [39]
California_sea_lion_nap_time_in_La_Jolla_%2870474%29.jpg|Zalophus californianus (SDG 15) [40]
Bladknop_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer%29._13-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29_01.jpg|Acer pseudoplatanus (SDG 15)
Tamarind_fruits_%28Tamarindus_indica_%27Si_Thong%27%29.jpg|Tamarindus indica (SDG 15)
White_leucistic_squirrel_with_a_peanut_%2885668%29.jpg|Sciurus carolinensis (SDG 15) [43]
Fork-tailed_flycatcher_%28Tyrannus_savana_monachus%29_in_flight_Cayo.jpg|Tyrannus savana monachus (SDG 15)
Rapa_incurva_01.jpg|Rapa incurva (SDG 15)
Arboreal_stingless_bee_nest_%28Trigona_sp.%29_Flores.jpg|Trigona sp. (SDG 15)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:31, 2 Mee 2023 (UTC) •  [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]]
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
'''Updates:''' 
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#April_2023_ratification_methodology_community_review|Charter Ratification Methodology proposal conversations]]''': The Movement Charter Drafting Committee recently held the first conversations regarding the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology for the Movement Charter]]. The MCDC has received valuable feedback from different communities and the Committees during the community input period. The report of the community input will be shared in May, while the updated version of the ratification methodology will be presented between September and November 2023.  
* '''Communication evaluation''': The Communications sub-committee of the MCDC together with the support staff conducted an evaluation of the communications. The Communications sub-committee appreciates the time and input of the community members who shared their opinions during the interviews. Several recommendations are going to be implemented in the upcoming period based on the valuable input.  
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#April_2023|Learn about the MCDC’s work in April]]''': The MCDC continues to draft additional chapters: The Global Council, Hubs, Decision-making and Roles &amp; Responsibilities. Alongside the drafting work, the MCDC is planning their in-person meeting scheduled for 2-4 June in Utrecht, Netherlands with the aim of advancing the charter's content. 

'''What’s coming up?'''
* Participants of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiNusantara_2023|WikiNusantara 2023 in Banjarmasin, Indonesia]] are invited to join a [[m:WikiNusantara_2023/Acara/Selayang_Pandang_Arah_Strategis_Gerakan_Wikimedia:_Kolaborasi_WMF_dan_Komunitas|session on the topics around Wikimedia Movement Strategy and community collaboration]] on May 20. [[m:User:RamzyM_(WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] will provide updates, share about the Movement Charter Ambassadors Program and answer the questions. 

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #111 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: a new full stack software engineer joins the development team, and a presentation of a paper co-authored by Denny about the history of Wikidata.

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:04, 15 Mee 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #112 and #113 are out ==

There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them!

On May 17, 2023, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-17|thanked Julia]] for her work and we wished her well for her new work with the Trust &amp; Safety team.

On May 25, 2023, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-25|presented our new viewing and editing experience]] for Wikifunctions.

Want to catch-up with the previous updates? Check [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:58, 26 Mee 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #114 is out ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue: a very brief note about the Wikimedia Hackathon in Athens.

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1685986233 June 5, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]).

Note: since last time we've had some network problems with Jitsi, &lt;u&gt;in case of new malfunctions&lt;/u&gt; during next meeting we will provide on short notice a Google Meet link to the participants. Thanks for your understanding.

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 07:08, 3 Jụn 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #115 is out ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue we present the new interface for multilingual editing, and we discuss the results of our &quot;fix-it week&quot;.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:35, 9 Jụn 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #116 and #117 are out ==

There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them!

On June 22, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-22|summarised the results]] of our annual in-person meeting in Delft, The Netherlands.

On June 28, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-28|thanked Cai and Allan]] for their work and we wished them well for their new endeavours.

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1689010212 July 10, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]).

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:02, 4 Julaị 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #118 to #121 are out ==

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There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them!

On July 20, we shared an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-20|update on our plans for the initial deployment of Wikifunctions]] in the next few weeks, what will be possible, and changes to the development in the last few weeks. Also, a request for suggestions on what should be the very first Function to be created in Wikifunctions.

On July 17, we announced a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-17|grant from Google.org]].

On July 12, we announced a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-12|grant from The Rockefeller Foundation]].

On July 7, we welcomed a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-07|new Director of Product]] to the team.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 21:38, 20 Julaị 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

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[[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|180px|right]]
''This newsletter combines content from both June and July, due to a delay in sharing out the previous newsletter.''

'''Updates:''' 
* '''New Movement Charter content published:''' The Committee published new draft chapters on the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|'''Global''' '''Council''']], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|'''Hubs''']] and the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Glossary|'''Glossary''']]. You are invited to share your feedback or ask any questions you may have to the Committee before September 1, 2023 on the following talk pages:
** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|Share your feedback on The Global Council draft]] 
** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|Share your feedback on Hubs draft]] 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft|'''Revised draft chapters published on Meta:''']] The Committee has shared the revised draft chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Preamble|Preamble]], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Values &amp; Principles|Values &amp; Principles]], and [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Roles &amp; Responsibilities|Roles &amp; Responsibilities]] intentions statement. These revisions are based on the [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#November-December 2022 consultation|community feedback]] received in November-December 2022. 
* [[m:wmfblog:2023/06/02/how-will-the-wikimedia-movement-ratify-its-charter/|'''Ratification Methodology community feedback:''']] The summary of community feedback on the proposed methodology for the ratification of the Charter is on Diff. 

* Listen to the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy_IQ_G1wEI '''WikiAfrica Hour #46: Africa and Movement Charter'''], where MCDC members [[m:User:Anass Sedrati|Anass Sedrati]] and [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|Georges Foudoup]]  talk about Movement Charter, its aims and objectives, and the relevance to the African community. 
* MCDC member’s are busy participating in various community events to discuss Movement Charter. [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]], a member of the Global Council and Roles and Responsibilities Drafting Groups [[m:EduWiki Conference 2023/Program/MCDC|joined the EduWikiConference 2023]].  The MCDC support staff [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] shared updates about the charter at [[m:WikiNusantara 2023|WikiNustantara 2023]] in Banjarmasin, Indonesia ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1659772318913294336 @wikimediaid on Twitter]). The Wikimedia communities in Indonesia were engaged by [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|Movement Charter Ambassador]] [[m:User:Arcuscloud|Arcuscloud]] in the [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|last round of community conversations]]. 

* [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#May 2023|'''Learn about MCDC’s work in May &amp; June:''']] as usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work &amp; discussions. 

'''What’s coming up?''' 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#MCDC Live Launch Party|'''Join the live launch party''']]: The Drafting Committee is hosting a launch party on July 30th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1690725614 14.00 UTC] to celebrate the new drafts, introduce them to the community and give space for sharing thoughts and feedback. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZYsdOiurT0vHta6stHaiHHEyrwK3RUPveBR#/registration '''Register here to receive a Zoom link to the launch party.'''] 
* [[m:Movement Charter/Ambassadors Program/Grant|'''Movement Charter Community Conversation grants''']] are open for individuals or groups who want to organize conversations about the Charter content. Talk to us if you need any support on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter-ambassadors/38 the MS Forum]! Apply for a grant before Jul 30, 2023. 
* [[m:wmania:2023:Wikimania|'''Wikimania 2023''']]''':''' Wikimania 2023: Members of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee are excited to be attending Wikimania Singapore in August, to speak to and hear from you in person (and hybrid) about the four drafts and the Charter in general.
* '''Community events:''' MCDC members will be present in the [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2023|CEE Meeting]] in September in Georgia to discuss the Charter content with the CEE and CA communities. In addition, the MCDC prioritizes participation in the conferences planned for 2023 to continue conversations on the content of the Charter with the communities: [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2023|WikiConvention Francophone]], [[m:WikiWomenCamp 2023|WikiWomen Camp]],  [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2023|WikiIndaba Morocco]], [[m:wikiconference:2023/Main_Page|WikiConference North America]], [[m:GLAM Wiki 2023|GLAM Wiki Conference]], among others.

''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]''
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--12:25, 30 Julaị 2023 (UTC).
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #122 is out: Wikifunctions is live! ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we announce that [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Wikifunctions:Main_Page Wikifunctions.org] is live (in read-only mode), we welcome a new member of the team, and we announce a new job opening.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:02, 31 Julaị 2023 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter: August 2023&lt;/span&gt; ==

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'''Updates'''
* '''Community consultation''': The community consultation on the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council|Global Council]], [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs|Hubs]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Glossary|Glossary]] drafts is ongoing. We value your input, if you have not already, please take a moment to review the draft chapters and share your thoughts with the MCDC. We’ve posed open questions we would like your opinion on. Feel free to engage in a way that is most comfortable for you and your community. Learn more on our Diff blogs about the [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/13/a-global-council-for-our-movement/ Global Council] and [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/27/building-wikimedia-movement-hubs-together/ Hubs]. 
* '''Launch Party''': On July 30 we hosted a Launch Party to share the Global Council and Hubs draft chapters. It was an inspiring event where we had the opportunity to listen to your feedback and address some of your questions. If you missed it, you can catch the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SItWeX78tv8&amp;list=LL&amp;index=4 recording on YouTube].
* '''Community Conversations''': We want to hear from as many people as possible. On July 16, the SWAN meeting opened its doors and offered an opportunity to interact with the MCDC members regarding the new drafts of the charter. [[m:Strategic_Wikimedia_Affiliates_Network/2023_07#Notes|Notes are available here]]. On July 28, a regional conversation with the Francophone community was held. Here comes a [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council#Summary_of_the_feedback_from_the_francophone_conversation|short summary here in English and French]]. Additionally, on August 2 we had a fruitful conversation with the [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs#Summary_from_2_August_call|LATAM region]]. 
* '''[[m:Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#July_2023|MCDC’s Work in July]]''': As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work &amp; discussions. 

'''Upcoming'''
* '''Join the MCDC at Wikimania''': Whether you’ll be at Wikimania 2023 in person or joining virtually, there are a few events that we would like to invite you to. Please drop by for a casual conversation. We would love to connect to workshop any ideas together. Drop in, get a sweet treat, and share your thoughts with us! [https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2023:Registration Register] and see below for an overview of our time together: 
** Tuesday, August 15
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 02:00|02:00 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/UVKSKQ/ '''Movement Strategy &amp; Governance Connection track - Welcome and opening'''] (Room 325)
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 05:45|05:45 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/FJCXUP/ '''Movement Charter Drafting Committee: Open office hour'''] (Room 326)
** Wednesday, August 16
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-16 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/EYGDHC/ '''Role Play the Future Roles and Responsibilities in the Movement'''] (Room 326)
** Thursday, 17 August
*** {{zonestamp|2023-08-17 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/AWXHMA/ '''Movement Charter Content Discussions'''] (Room 310)
* A '''[[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#Regional_conversation:_Middle_East_and_North_Africa|regional call tailored for the MENA region]]''' will be conducted in Arabic on September 2 at 17.00 UTC. Kindly indicate your interest to attend this meeting.  
''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta-wiki]]''
&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot; /&gt;
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MCDC Support Team, 23:53, 14 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)
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== Spam article ==

@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Suraj Rana]] a blank page, requested for speedy deletion under the reason of &quot;no useful content, spam page&quot; [[Ihü kárírí:Contributions/82.115.220.168|82.115.220.168]] 12:16, 20 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

:Thanks for this notification [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 17:17, 20 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

== Spam Articles ==

@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Pages that are requested for speedy deletion, I mentioned the link to the page &amp; reason below :

1) [[Krishnam Kumar]] 

Reason : Language, written in english language in igbo wikipedia also, Telegram links are included in reference list, it indicates self promotion links.

2) [[Jhonnchefe]]

Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like spotify, apple music, jaxta, YouTube.

3) [[Faaxy]]

Reason : Language (English)

4) [[الشيخ محمد حمزة التميمي]]

Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content

5) [[مسكنك]]

Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content

6) [[إيجي سكاي]]

Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content

7) [[أراتوك]]

Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content

8) [[كيرلس مجدي القمص]]
Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content

[[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 01:30, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

:Thanks for this notification. Done! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:05, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

== Spam Articles (for speedy deletion) ==

@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Again I'm here to show some spam articles, Pages that are requested for speedy deletion, I mentioned the link to the page &amp; reason below :


1) [[اشرف عظيم وخبرته الواسعة في التسويق]]

Reason : Language (English)


2) [[Mohamed Mohsen]] 

Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like Facebook, TikTok, Instagram


3) [[Exclusive Movies (Streaming Platform)]]

Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram 


4) [[Iftkhar Mughal ( Actor )]]

Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included - Instagram


5) [[Vivek Tripathi - Actor]]

Reason : Language (English)


6) [[Nitin Meena]]

Reason : Language (English)


7) [[Kiddyong]]

Reason : Language, Contains personal informations - &quot;phone number, email adddress,&quot; also it is just a self promoting article even you can able to understand by seeing the first line of that article &quot;Kiddyong The Naughty Kid&quot;???

7) [[Omar Yahya (actor)]]

Reason : Language (English), Self Promotional links are included - telegram, I couldn't find any real Movies of his and his biography is disorganized

8) [[King Media]]

Reason : Language (English), Self Promotional links are included - telegram

9) [[Yahya Moussa]]

Reason : Self Promotional links are included - telegram


[[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 18:10, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

:Thank you once again for bringing these to my notice. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)
::@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Welcome :)   [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 01:19, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

== Spam articles  ==

@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Once again here to show some spammy articles written in &quot;Arabic language&quot; with &quot;Self promotional links&quot;


1) [[محمد عتال]]

Reason : Language (Arabic), Self Promotional Links - SoundCloud, Spotify Anghami


2) [[وسام شاهين]]

Reason : Language (Arabic)


3) [[محمد جابر طه]]

Reason : Language (Arabic)


[[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 14:55, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

:Thank you so much! Do not hesitate to tag me for cleanup. I sincerely appreciate your efforts. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 21:27, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)
::@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] 2 more spammy articles too. This time I included reason and additional reasons.
::1) [[Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie]]
::'''• Reason''' : Language (English), No useful content
::'''• Additional Reason''' : I searched about this person and I can't even able to get a single result about this person. This article contains only one paragraph, it says that he is football coach, other than it doesn't includes any notable works about him.

::2) [[Ahmed ALshehri]]
::'''• Reason''' : Language (English), No useful content
::'''• Additional reason''' : as same as mentioned in the first article.
:: Another info - [[Nitin Meena]] This page was previously deleted because of language and multiple issues, this article was re-created by the same person [[ 2401:4900:41E8:A08C:D5B9:C39B:83A4:2E9C]] and I noticed that he is the person who is creating autobiography on themself as you can see his message on here: [[Okwu:Nitin Meena]].
 
::Also thank you for your each responses.  [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 11:18, 24 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)
:::Thanks @[[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]], I have responded accordingly.-- [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 15:13, 24 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #125 is out: Wikimania digest, CoSMo language, GFpedia demo, CCKS keynote ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-08-31|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we recap what happened at our sessions at Wikimania 2023, we talk about some new updates regarding our Natural Language Generation special interest group (NLG SIG), and we briefly speak about Denny's most recent keynote speech.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:35, 1 Septemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #126 is out: Let's start building morphological paradigms! ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, Denny proposes a call for action for creating morphological paradigms on Wikifunctions.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 19:25, 10 Septemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #127 is out: Renderers and parsers for types ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, Denny introduces a discussion about how to represent integers on Wikifunctions and its related challenges.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:07, 22 Septemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #128 is out: Serializers and deserializers for types ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, Denny introduces a discussion about how to make types easier to use, by discussing serializers and deserializers, and their role in Wikifunctions.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:47, 29 Septemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #129 is out: Arguments made easier ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-10-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the recent improvements that made it easy to reference arguments in functions.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:58, 5 Ọktoba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #130 is out: Running on WebAssembly ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-10-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our decision of rewriting the evaluator encapsulation service, in order to make it run on [[:w:en:WebAssembly|WebAssembly]].

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:31, 27 Ọktoba 2023 (UTC)
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== Crosswiki spam ==

Dear colleague, I have found your name at the page of sysop requests though I cannot figure out if you were elected eventually or not. But as you seem to be esteemed member of ig.wiki community, you know better what to do. It's about the article [[Hacktivist Vanguard]] which seems to be the last remnants of massive crosswiki spam and as such is the subject for speedy deletion. I'd be grateful if you take necessary steps according to the rules and habits of your local wiki. The best, [[Ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|Андрей Романенко]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|ṅkátá]]) 19:51, 3 Novemba 2023 (UTC)

:Dear@[[Ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|Андрей Романенко]] thanks for bringing this to my notice. Yes, I'm a sysop on the Wiki. I'll do the needful. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 21:02, 3 Novemba 2023 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #131 is out: Python on WebAssembly; Improved Object selector; Next volunteer's corner ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our latest technical improvements on Wikifunctions.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1699900200 November 13, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:16, 6 Novemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #132 is out: Wikifunctions, the library of functions that anyone can use and edit ==

[[File:Anyone can edit Wikifunctions.png|center|alt=Wikifunctions can now be edited by anyone!|660x660px]]

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we finally announce that Wikifunctions is on general availability, and that functions can be run also by non-logged in users!

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1699900200 November 13, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:50, 10 Novemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #133 is out: What types next? ==

There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss which new types of functions should we support and the latest changes to the software.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:10, 18 Novemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #134 is out: Welcome, Grace and Miguel! Appointing Functioneers now by community ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present two new members of the team, we discuss the latest changes in software, and we announce that Functioneer right will be now assigned by the community.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1701714600 December 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 1 Disemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #135 is out: Announcing Wikifunctions on the Wikimedia Foundation blog. Looking for feedback on the Function page proposal ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-12-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/12/05/introducing-wikifunctions-first-wikimedia-project-to-launch-in-a-decade-creates-new-forms-of-knowledge/ the latest blogpost] about us on WMF blog, and we invite you to share your feedback at the [[:f:Wikifunctions:Project chat#Function page proposal: looking for feedback|Wikifunctions' Project chat]] on the new proposed designs for the Function page.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 19:06, 7 Disemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #136 is out: Looking back at 2023 ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-12-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we look back at all the accomplishments that we achieved in 2023 and we thank you all for your help in achieving them. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

This will be the last newsletter for 2023, so see you again in 2024!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:49, 15 Disemba 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2023 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twenty-seventh newsletter, a sort of year-in-review for 2023.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

Dear Wikimedians for Sustainable Development,

As we bid farewell to 2023, we reflect on a year that has been an uneven year for our user group. While the journey has been marked by some truly inspiring events, most of our efforts have been largely uncoordinated and the user group hasn't been the support it could have been. Yet, there's a glimmer of hope and a world of potential for 2024.

'''Highlights of 2023:'''

;Newsletters Galore: We kicked off the year with zeal, sharing updates and inspiration through four newsletters. The number of things happening in the movement is astounding, but we need to rethink the format of the newsletter going into the next year.

;Growing Strong: The Wikimedians for Sustainable Development family welcomed 33 new members in 2023. Your passion and dedication continue to inspire us, and we look forward to nurturing this community spirit in the year ahead.

;Wikimania Talks: Our voices echoed far and wide at Wikimania, where several members of our community took the virtual stage to share insights and ideas about everything from Wikipedians-in-Residence's to open data. Your contributions showcased our commitment to sustainable development on a global scale.

;Content Creation Magic: Throughout the year, our extended community demonstrated incredible dedication to expanding the knowledge base on Wikipedia. Countless hours were spent creating and curating content that aligns with our mission, contributing to a more sustainable digital ecosystem.

;Campaigning hard: We saw a large variety of campaigns, from writing challenges to editathons. The willingness to experiment with new formats and partners, as well as learning from past efforts, shows great promise for the future.

'''Acknowledging Challenges:'''

While we celebrate these achievements, we acknowledge that 2023 presented its fair share of challenges. A lack of global coordination reminded us that the road to sustainable development is not always linear. However, it is precisely these challenges that fuel our determination to work together more cohesively in the coming year and proof that the user group is needed.

'''Hopeful Anticipation for 2024:'''

As we turn the page to 2024, let's carry forward the lessons learned and the successes celebrated. We are optimistic that, with renewed energy and a collective commitment, we will overcome obstacles and create an even more impactful and connected Wikimedians for Sustainable Development community.

Here's to a year of collaboration, growth, and making a lasting impact on the world through our shared passion for sustainability. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities and pave the way for a brighter future.

Wishing you all a joyous holiday season and a Happy New Year!

Warm regards,
[[m:User:Ainali|User:Ainali]], [[m:User:Daniel Mietchen|User:Daniel Mietchen]]

PS. We have started writing [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|our yearly report]], please add your activities to it.

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #137 is out: Introducing our first new type: Lists ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce our newest and much requested type of function, list. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1704738600 January 8, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:37, 5 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #138 is out: The Joy of Collaboration; Introducing the Function of the Week: reverse string ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present you an essay from Denny and we introduce a new section of the newsletter, dedicated to the &quot;function of the week&quot;. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

We also wanted to note that we are in the process of moving the Updates from Meta to Wikifunctions. We'll keep you updated about it.

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:27, 12 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #139 is out: Refreshing the Function page; Function of the Week: ROT13 ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-17|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we announce a redesign and rewrite of the Function page and we present our first &quot;function of the week&quot;. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:05, 19 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #140 is out: Getting debug information from code; Function of the Week: Wrap string ==

There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss debugging in implementations and we present our new &quot;function of the week&quot;. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:54, 26 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #141 is out: The Igbo Imperative! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we focus on language functions in Igbo, a language spoken by more than 44 million people in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments.

Starting from this issue, the status updates will be hosted on Wikifunctions, instead of Meta. One more step towards maturation of the project!

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive (on Meta)]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1707157800 February 5, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:14, 2 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twenty-eighth newsletter.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;!--Add content here --&gt;
; User group news
* We have submitted our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|2023 annual report]].
* Upcoming meeting: on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|9 February]], we'll have a call about roles and responsibilities in the user group. This is an attempt to make more opportunities to engage more of the user groups members in its activities. If you want to help out in some way, but don't know how, this is a meeting for you to get help creating that opportunity. If you know how you would like to help, but don't know how to get started, this is also the meeting for you.

; Other news
* New Wikiproject for Climate Change on Basque Wikipedia: [[:eu:Wikiproiektu:Klima aldaketa|Wikiproiektu Klima Aldaketa]]
* Climate Justice, Digital Rights and Indigenous Voices international Wikimedia event in Huaraz, Peru 2024: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeDIuZQ61v35y3Q293ZV9YjNWOHsgwvq3t2XjP2cQ0OHG-EPA/viewform Engagement Survey] (closes 2 Feb)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #142 is out: Quarterly planning. Thank you, Nick! Function of the Week: is permutation ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss about the results of our last internal planning meeting, whose objective was to define what we will work on in this quarter. Also, we take a look at the latest changes in the team and the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive on Wikifunctions]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|also on Meta]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:22, 8 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Assuranc29|Assuranc29]] (16:16, 14 Febụwarị 2024) ==

Please what it all about --[[Ọbanife:Assuranc29|Assuranc29]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Assuranc29|ṅkátá]]) 16:16, 14 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #143 is out: Fix-it week ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-14|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we take a look at the latest software developments, after our monthly &quot;fix-it week&quot;, where we work on technical debt and other issues that pile up in our daily work.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive on Wikifunctions]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|also on Meta]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:19, 16 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #144 is out: Updating the function model ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present the new documentation about our [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Function model|function model]] and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:55, 23 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #145 is out: Type proposal for natural numbers ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our progresses with the new natural numbers type, we talk about events we are taking part to, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1709577000 March 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:40, 1 Maachị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #146 is out: Introducing our second new type: Natural numbers ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the launch of the new natural numbers type, we talk about events we are taking part to, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:58, 8 Maachị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our twenty-ninth newsletter.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* On 9 February, we had a user group meeting on roles and responsibilities ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240209|minutes]])
* Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 17 March]]

; Other news
* Wiki Loves Earth: Reminder that if you want to [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2024/Organise|organize a local competition]], it is time to get started. (SDG 15 and 14)
* Wiki for Human Rights: Reminder that if you would like to [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|organize a local event]], there is support available. (SDG 10) 
* Study: [https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/650852934/Meier_Wiki_Climate.pdf Using Wikipedia Pageview Data to Investigate Public Interest in Climate Change at a Global Scale] (SDG 13)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #147 is out: On identity ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the notion of identity and present our latest document about [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Representing identity|how we represent it]], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:27, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #148 is out: On the way to internationalizing numbers ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our progresses with the implementation of renderers and parsers for natural numbers, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:11, 22 Maachị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #149 is out: Creating tests is now much easier! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our progresses with tests and how it is easier to make them, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 29 Maachị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #150 is out: Product Update on Diff and Upcoming API Improvements ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/03/27/wikifunctions-where-we-are-now-and-what-you-can-do/ our latest blog post on Diff], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1712615400 April 8, at 22:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:23, 4 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #151 is out: New API for calling Wikifunctions and celebrating 1000 functions ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the new API for calling Wikifunctions, we celebrate our first 1,000 functions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Also, there's [https://boards.greenhouse.io/wikimedia/jobs/5850672 a job opening] for joining our team!

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:57, 12 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #152 is out: Welcome, Sharvani! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 22 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Henny17|Henny17]] (00:01, 26 Eprel 2024) ==

Hello
I want to start editing --[[Ọbanife:Henny17|Henny17]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Henny17|ṅkátá]]) 00:01, 26 Eprel 2024 (UTC)

:Hi @[[Ọbanife:Henny17|Henny17]]! Are you in the community WhatsApp group? That's where must editing sessions and training are announced. You can also join the Igbo community hubs around your area. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:38, 26 Eprel 2024 (UTC)

== Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]]!

Aha mụ bụ [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|Uzoma Ozurumba]], ana mụ arụrụ ndi WMF orụ. Biko, onwe ozi ndi WMF Language team zitere ndi Igbo Wikimedians nọ na [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako|igwe nkata Wikipedia]].

Ebe ibu otu onye nime ndi na atughari edemede na Igbo Wikipedia, ọ ga amasi anyi ma [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia|igụọ ozi anyi]] gbasara mgbanwe ndi otu [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] chọrọ ime na igwe ntughari okwu nke nọ na Igbo Wikipedia, ma gwa anyi ebumunobi gi maka ya.

Daalụ sọ maka ọru gi nile na ikwado ọmumu ihe na asụsụ Igbo.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:17, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC)

:Ndewo@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]. Daalụ maka ozi a i zitere. A gụrụ m ozi ahụ ma tinye kwa ebumunobi  [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia|ebe a]]. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:34, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)

== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirtieth newsletter covering March and April 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 19 May]]

; Other news
* [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2024-03-29/Recent_research#Other_recent_publications|Wikipedia Signpost highlighted five papers about climate change editing]]. (SDG 13)
* On Wikidata, [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|a model for documenting green house gas emissions]] has been created. (SDG 13)
* [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/EPA_Victoria_WiR_April_2024_Update An update] from the Wikipedian in Residence at the  Environment Protection Authority in Victoria, Australia.
* WikiAcción Perú organized a training session: &quot;[[m:Volunteer Supporters Network/VSN Training: Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement|Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement]]&quot; (SDG 13)
* WikiForHumanRights organized a session: &quot;[[m:Event:Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage|Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage]]&quot;

; Events
* [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, starts in May. (SDG 14 &amp; 15)
* [[m:Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region|Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region]] starts in May.  (SDG 13)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #153 is out: Team meeting and Quarterly plan ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the results of our team meeting held in San Francisco, USA, as well as presenting the objectives that we will pursue in the next months.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]]  ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:57, 4 Mee 2024 (UTC)
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== Next Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Volunteer's Corner is on May 6 ==

We remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1715016600 May 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Apologies for the reaching out to you with a separate message.

See you at the meeting! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:12, 4 Mee 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #154 is out: Flagship type for enumerations: Months of the Gregorian calendar ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our first proposal for a new type for enumerations and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 13 Mee 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #155 is out: Call for Functions: Spell out the number! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we call on you to help us doing new language functions about numbers and we also take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:01, 16 Mee 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #156 is out: New type - Gregorian calendar months ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we announce our initial enumeration Type, Gregorian calendar months, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]].

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:18, 23 Mee 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #157 is out: A single singular or a plurality of plurals? ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the various implications of linguistic functions about singulars and plurals, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1717435800 June 3, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:17, 31 Mee 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirtyfirst newsletter, covering May 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;!--Add content here --&gt;
; User group news
* Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]], 16 June
* [[m:Talk:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development#Mini_report_from_the_Wikimedia_Summit_2024|Mini report from the Wikimedia Summit 2024]]
* [https://wikipediapodden.se/jan-ainali-wikimedians-for-sustainable-development-wikimedia-summit-2024-265/ User group representative interviewed by Wikipediapodden] at Wikimedia Summit ([[:File:WP265 - Jan Ainali, Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, Wikimedia Summit 2024.mp3|commons]])
* [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240519|Minutes from user group meeting in May]]

; Other news
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/05/02/reflecting-_women-for-sustainability-africa-arts-feminism-her-voice-campaign-2023/ Reflecting _Women For Sustainability Africa Arts + Feminism #Her Voice Campaign 2023]
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Macedonia report: Climate change and GLAM]] (SDG 13)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library April monthly highlights]] (SDG 14 &amp; 15)
* [https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00166-y WikiProject Biodiversity featured in Nature Africa] (SDG 14 &amp; 15)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFWS7hfetZk Wikimedia UK releases a video about their climate focus] (SDG 13)

; Events
* [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, continues in some countries. (SDG 14 &amp; 15)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #158 is out: New Type: Sign ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce a new enumeration type, Sign, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

We are also looking for feedback for our next new types. See [[:f:Wikifunctions:Project chat#Testing two new types|the announcement at the Project Chat]] for more information.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:59, 7 Jụn 2024 (UTC)
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== Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo Nwa-ada @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]],

Imere otu ole? Enwerem olileanya na ahụ di gi nma.

Biko, onwe ozi ndi WMF Language team zitere ndi otu Igbo Wikipedia maka ngwa ọrụ ha chọrọ itineyere anyi. Ọ ga-amasi anyi ma igụọ ihe gbasara [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia|'''ozi a''']], ma testia ngwa a, ma zaghachi anyi ebunuche gi gbasara itinye ngwa ọrụ a nke a na akpọ &quot;MinT for Wiki Readers&quot; na ịgbo Wiki.

Inwekwara ike ime ka ndi otu Igbo Wikipedia ndi ọzọ mata maka ozi a ma gwa anyi uche ha igwe ozi.

Daalụ sọ! [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:57, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #159 is out: New Type: Igbo calendar months ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce a new enumeration type, this time for the thirteen months of the [[:en:Igbo calendar|Igbo calendar]], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:21, 14 Jụn 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #160 is out: New Type: Integers ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we are happy to announce that we introduced another new type, [[:f:Z16683|integers]], that will increase our coverage of mathematical functions. Moreover, we take a look at the (many!) software developments we introduced in the last week.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:07, 21 Jụn 2024 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Kwinkate|Kwinkate]] (21:51, 21 Jụn 2024) ==

Hello --[[Ọbanife:Kwinkate|Kwinkate]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kwinkate|ṅkátá]]) 21:51, 21 Jụn 2024 (UTC)

:Hello [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 04:02, 22 Jụn 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #161 is out: Welcome, Daphne! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team, we ask for feedback about [[:f:Wikifunctions:Design/About widget improvements|our &quot;About&quot; widget designs]], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1719855000 July 1, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:20, 27 Jụn 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirtysecond newsletter, covering June 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Movement Charter Vote|User group vote on the adoption of the Movement Charter]] (closes 7 July 23.59 UTC)
* [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming user group meeting]] 21 July
* User group meeting held in June - [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240616|minutes]]
* The group was featured in the latest WikiAfrica Hour: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6VI20qopk #36: Does the Wikimedia movement contribute to the SDGs?]

; Other news
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/stories-from-the-anti-disinformation-repository-how-wikiproject-covid-19-and-other-wikimedia-initiatives-counter-health-disinformation/ Stories from the anti-disinformation repository: How WikiProject COVID-19 and other Wikimedia initiatives counter health disinformation] (SDG 3)
* [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Environment_Centre_NT_Wikipedian_in_Residence Environment Centre Northern Territory Wikipedian in Residence] (SDG 15)
* [https://www.gp.se/debatt/med-ai-kan-vi-oka-transparensen-om-foretagens-klimatavtryck.2dd4e006-57e3-4534-a0be-70ca56a289e4 With AI can we increase transparency of companies' carbon footprints] (in Swedish). Op-ed that mentions that the greenhouse gas emissions of the top 150 companies on the Stockholm stock exchange has been uploaded to Wikidata. The model is documented on [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|WikiProject Climate Change on Wikidata]]. (SDG 13)
* [[wmfblog:2024/06/25/another-year-in-review-where-is-wikimedia-in-the-climate-crisis-seeing-the-impact-of-wikimedia-projects/|Another Year in Review: Where is Wikimedia in the Climate Crisis? Seeing the impact of Wikimedia Projects]] (SDG 13)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/06/24/46-scholars-self-advocates-bring-knowledge-to-wikipedias-disability-healthcare-content/ 46 scholars, self-advocates bring knowledge to Wikipedia’s disability healthcare content] (SDG 3)
* [[c:File:Wikimedia klimatpåverkansrapport 2023.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige publishes their 2023 climate impact report]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13)
* WikiProject Govdirectory has started [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Weekly collaboration|weekly collaboration on countries]] (SDG 16)

; Events
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/wikimedia-chapters-and-groups-organise-the-first-sharks-and-rays-wikimarathon/ Wikimedia chapters and groups organise the first Sharks and Rays Wikimarathon] (29 June, but edits in the weeks after are welcome) (SDG 14)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #162 is out: Quarterly planning ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present our objectives and lines of work for this quarter, we remember to give your feedback about [[:f:Wikifunctions:Design/About widget improvements|our &quot;About&quot; widget designs]], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1720459800 July 8, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:59, 5 Julaị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #163 is out: Type proposals for accessing Lexemes ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our current draft about Type proposals for accessing Lexemes, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:21, 12 Julaị 2024 (UTC)
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== First meet ==

Nnọọ @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], I came from English WP, and I am a bit interested with languages, since I am a seminarian, and often speak little Igbo. I presume many of our editors are on the English based. I will want you to keep good eye here since I will try creating, revamping, and tagging for deletion also. Asirim ka m gwa gi. It is also part of my learning to advance in it. [[Ọbanife:SafariScribe|SafariScribe]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SafariScribe|ṅkátá]]) 14:30, 15 Julaị 2024 (UTC)

:Ndewo @[[Ọbanife:SafariScribe|SafariScribe]]! It's really great to have you here.👍🏽 I see your works on the English Wikipedia, way to go! I started with the English Wikipedia, then moved to Igbo when I discovered it was available. Though I still edit the English Wikipedia sometimes...You are welcome and if you need assistance or anything you think I can help out with, please feel free to let me know. Obi dị m ụtọ na ị bịara ịnọnyere anyị, nnọọ! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 03:00, 16 Julaị 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #164 is out: Research report on integrating Wikifunctions from Wikipedia ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-18|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present you the results of a research about how to integrate Wikifunctions and Wikipedia, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:33, 19 Julaị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #165 is out: Wikimania 2024 coming soon! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our upcoming Wikifunctions events at Wikimania 2024, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:13, 29 Julaị 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty third newsletter, covering July 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 10, 13, and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* User group meeting held in July, [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240721|minutes]]
* Next user group meeting will be 18 August

; Other news
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Climate change editahon and workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/wikiforhumanrights-in-nigeria-2024-campaign-virtual-launch/ WikiForHumanRights in Nigeria 2024 Campaign Virtual Launch]  (SDG 10&amp;16)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/what-we-learned-from-wiki-women-in-red-8-campaign-2023-women-for-sustainability-africa/ What we Learned from Wiki Women In Red @8 Campaign 2023 Women for Sustainability Africa] (SDG 5)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/ghanaian-wikipedians-set-to-educate-students-on-open-climate/ Ghanaian Wikipedians set to educate students on Open Climate] (SDG 13)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/23/using-wikipedia-as-a-tool-for-climate-action/ Using Wikipedia as a Tool for Climate Action] (SDG 13)

; Events
* 5th August,  [[m:Event:Wiki-Green_Conference_2024  Wiki-Green Conference]] (SDG 13)
* 7-10 August, Wikimania - [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|All SDG related sessions]] 
* 7-9 November, [https://wikimedia.org.ar/2024/07/03/justicia-climatica-voces-indigenas-y-plataformas-wikimedia/ Justicia climática, voces indígenas y plataformas Wikimedia] (SDG 13)

; Participate
* Share an example of a successful [[m:Campaigns/WikiProjects|WikiProject or topical collaboration]] in this on-wiki survey

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #169 is out: Limits on Name and Description Lengths ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the introduction of more stringent limits on the length of object names, input names, and descriptions, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! You might be interested in the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-02|launch of our &quot;About&quot; widget]], a [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-16|summary of our experience at Wikimania 2024]], or the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-23|refinement of WasmEdge]].

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1725298200 September 2, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:04, 30 Ọgọọst 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 11, 15, and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20240915|Next user group meeting]], 15 September, will be focused on starting to develop a strategy for the group. If you cannot attend, you can leave your input on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030/Ideas|the ideas page]].
* User group meeting held in August ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240818|minutes]])

; Other news
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/New Zealand report|Report from WikiProject International Botanical Congress 2024]] (SDG 15)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Switzerland report|Meeting for Writing on Femenist Strikes and Wiki for Peace Camp St. Imier]] (SDG 5 &amp; 16)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]] (SDG 15)
* Wikimania had a lot of [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|SDG related sessions]] and you can watch them back now 

; Events
* [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2024|Wiki Loves Monuments]] starts in September (SDG 11)

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== Pages nominated for deletion ==

Hello @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] this are the pages with no information on Igbo wikipedia I told you about. Please help me delete them.

1 [[Innocent Anyanwu]]

2 [[Ikedi Ohakim]]

3 [[Iheanyi Uwaezuoke]]

4 [[Ifunanyachi Achara]]

5[[Ibezito Ogbonna|I bezito Ogbonna]]

6 [[Holmes Onwukaife]]

7 [[Henry Nwawuba]]

8 [[Francis Okaroh]]

9 [[Francis Arinze]]

10 [[Ezenwa Otorogu]]

11 [[Eric Obinna Chukwunyelu]]

12 [[Ephraim Ikeakor]]

13 [[Emmanuel Okala]]

14 [[Emmanuel Ekwueme]]

15 [[Edwin Ume-Ezeoke]]

16 [[Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi]]

17 [[Clarion Chukwura]]

18 [[Chukwuemeka Chikelu]]

19 [[Chima Anyaso]]

20 [[Chikelue Iloenyosi]]

21 [[Chijioke Ejiogu]]

22 [[Charles Chukwuma Soludo]]

23 [[Cedric Ogbuehi]]

24 [[Bruno Ibeh]]

25 [[Bonaventure Enemali]]

26 [[Augustine Nwagwu]]

27 [[Augustine Aniebo]]

28 [[Anyika Onuora]]

29 [[Jude Aneke]]

30 [[Kennedy Ihenacho]]

31 [[Kelvin Ebuka Nwamora]]

32 [[Kenechuhwu Uchenwa]]

33 [[Kennedy Nzechukwu]]

34 [[Kingsley Chibueze Onyeukwu]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186940|2]]

35 [[Louis Okoye]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186939|2]]

36 [[Maxwell Anikwenwa]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186938|2]]

37 [[Victoria Ohuruogu]]

38 [[Valerian Ume-Ezeoke]]

39 [[Obinna Nwaneri]]

40 [[Ugonna Ozurigbo]]

41 [[Ugonna Anyora]]

42 [[Uchechukwu N. Maduako]]

43 [[Steve Eboh]]

44 [[Rolland Ezuruike]]

45 [[Philomena Obiageliuwa Uyanwah]]

46 [[Obinna Eregbu]]

47 [[Osita Henry Chikere]]

48 [[Okwesilieze Nwodo]]

49 [[Okey Uzoeshi]]

50 [[Sikiratu Sindodo]]

51 [[Abba Moro]]

52 [[Ramatu Tijani Aliyu]] [[Ọbanife:Ogalihillary|Ogalihillary]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ogalihillary|ṅkátá]]) 13:04, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC)

:Thanks @[[Ọbanife:Ogalihillary|Ogalihillary]] thanks for this notification. I'll do the needful. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 16:08, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #171 is out: Dagbani Wikipedia will be our first wiki for Wikifunctions integration ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-13|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce Dagbani Wikipedia as our first wiki for Wikifunctions integration, discuss the recent stability challenges we've had in the past few days, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:51, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #172 is out: Introducing focus topic areas ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-20|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce focus topic areas for generating natural language texts and we update you on last week's site incident.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:30, 21 Septemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #173 is out: Quarterly planning for October–December 2024 ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-26|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we give you an overview of what we will focus on in the next three months, we discuss our presentation at [[:m:Celtic Knot Conference 2024|Celtic Knot conference 2024]], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:42, 26 Septemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty-fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240915|User group meeting held in September on strategy for the group]]

; Other news
* [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2024/Submissions/Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region|Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region]], presentation at CEE meeting. ([https://www.youtube.com/live/iB3KNFtA4xI?t=6739 YouTube])
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/09/30/all-about-wiki-green-conference-2024/ All About Wiki-Green Conference 2024] (SDG 13)

; Events
* Course: [https://wikiedu.org/courses/global-approaches-to-climate-finance-4/ Global Approaches to Climate Finance] by WikiEdu (SDG 13)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #174 is out: Focus topic: food ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss one of our next topics we will focus on for our work: food. We hope you have a good appetite for discussion. :)

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1728322200 October 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:42, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #175 is out: Wikidata Lexemes in Wikifunctions are coming soon ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present a preview of our planned support for Wikidata lexemes in Wikifunctions, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:54, 11 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #176 is out: What could abstract content look like? ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present some thoughts by [[User:Mahir256]] about how abstract content could look like in the future, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:12, 17 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (23:51, 17 Ọktoba 2024) ==

How can I be promoted to administrative level here? --[[Ọbanife:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 23:51, 17 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #177 is out: Our goal for this Quarter: Agreement ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss our goal of building up phrases from Lexemes using linguistic agreement, i.e. accordance to number and gender when constructing a phrase.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:32, 25 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty-sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming meeting]], 24 November, 17.00 UTC

; Other news
* Talk at WikiIndaba: [[m:WikiIndaba 2024/Proposal/Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region|Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region]] (SDG 13)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/17/championing-inclusion-in-the-wikimedia-movement-africa-wiki-women-presentation-at-the-wiki-niger-conference/ Championing Inclusion in the Wikimedia Movement: Africa Wiki Women Presentation at the Wiki Niger Conference] (SDG 5)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/25/mountains-birds-and-lakes-wiki-loves-earth-2024-central-asia-edition/ Mountains, Birds and Lakes: Wiki Loves Earth 2024 – Central Asia Edition] (SDG 15)

; Events
* November 6, 12 and 21: [https://universityofexeter.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAkdeqrrzMoGdEeMYlR6q0A7QMHwwwM2VIZ#/registration Climate Change &amp; Health in the UK - Wikipedia workshop] (SDG 3 and 13)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #178 is out: Rewriting the backend ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss how the team is working hard to rewrite Wikifunctions' backend, to overcome some of the limits we encountered with the current language.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1730745000 November 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:19, 2 Novemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #179 is out: The dream of a Universal Language ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we talk about several presentation in and around the topics of languages and our work, we discuss the current refactoring of our functions catalogue and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 22:50, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #180 is out: New type: Rational numbers ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present you our newest Type, [[:f:Z19677|rational numbers]], as well as the new renderer and parser for natural numbers, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:40, 14 Novemba 2024 (UTC)
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== We need your help with Igbo Wikipedia Main Page ==

Ndewo Goody,
Biko nyere anyi aka, mmadu mebisiri ihu mbu Igbo Wikipedia. A na m acho ka mweghachi ya mana okweghi. Biko nyere anyi aka. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 13:38, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #181 is out: New special page for missing labels, new type for Gregorian years, and much more ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce a new special page for objects with a missing label, we present two new types (Gregorian year and Wikidata statement rank), we showcase several contributions made by you volunteers, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:23, 22 Novemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #182 is out: WordGraph release; New Special page: list functions by tests; new type for day of the year, and much more ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the implications of the release of Google Zurich's WordGraph dataset, we introduce a new special page, support for other Wikidata statements and a new type (day of Roman year), and finally we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:03, 28 Novemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty-seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 8, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* User group meeting, 24 November ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241124|minutes]])
* We are working on our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]], please add activities that you would like to work on.

; Other news
* [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 8 (November 2024)|CEE Catch up Nr. 8 with a sustainability theme]]
* [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia|Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia]] (SDG 13)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/New_Zealand_report#nz-edit|Report from New Zealand Species Edit-a-thons]] (SDG 15)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/Macedonia_report#vvc|Report from climate change editing workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13)
* [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2024/Contents/Croatia_report|DeGrowth in November with students, artists and academics in Croatia]] (SDG 8&amp;12)
* The new [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#November_2024:_Production_deployment_and_security_review_complete|Charts extension has been enabled on Wikimedia Commons]]. It's time to start bringing all your local sustainability related charts over there! (SDG 17)

; Events
* Ongoing: [[m:Event:Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers|Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers]] (SDG 13)
* Ongoing: [[m:Event:Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia|Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia]] (SDG 13)
* Just started: [[m:Event:African Legislators in Red|African Legislators in Red]] (SDG 16)

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== Next Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on December 9 ==

Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next '''Volunteers' Corner''', that will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1733758200 December 9, at 15:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:46, 6 Disemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (18:38, 13 Disemba 2024) ==

Hi, Olugold

I have added Wikipedia pages for quick deletion. I hope to delete them as soon as possible and activate the deletion template on them, but they delete them over and over again. Thanks Olugold --[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 18:38, 13 Disemba 2024 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #183 is out: Sketching a path to Abstract Wikipedia; Team offsite in Lisbon; and much more ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-12-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss how natural language generation for Abstract Wikipedia might develop, and we share news on tools and types on Wikifunctions.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:52, 16 Disemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #184 is out: Function of the Week: age; Intros for year articles; New Type: Floating-point number ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-12-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In the last issue for 2024, we discuss functions to create introductions for articles about years, we showcase one of the 23 functions with the Gregorian year type, we introduce a new type, and finally we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 22:06, 19 Disemba 2024 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Ahmedborar673|Ahmedborar673]] on [[Basil Raslan]] (22:11, 26 Disemba 2024) ==

Basil Raslan --[[Ojiarụ:Ahmedborar673|Ahmedborar673]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Ahmedborar673|ṅkátá]]) 22:11, 26 Disemba 2024 (UTC)

== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2024 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty-eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 10, 13 and 15.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* User group meeting in December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241229|minutes]])
* We have adopted an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]]!

; Other news
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_hWBwaQxaw Lightning talk by Adam Harangzo - National Institute for Health and Care Research on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&amp;13)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/11/top-photos-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2024%f0%9f%a4%9d/ Top photos of the special nomination “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2024!] (SDG 10&amp;15)
* [https://www.wikimedia.nz/nz-species-editathon-recap/ Two days, 15 editors, 750 edits] (SDG 15)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/28/a-peekaboo-into-our-butterflying-trip-from-the-amazon-of-the-east/ A Peekaboo Into Our Butterflying Trip from the Amazon of the East] (SDG 15)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/12/27/brooklyn-college-students-bring-ecology-course-content-to-wikipedia/ Brooklyn College students bring ecology course content to Wikipedia] (SDG 13&amp;15
* [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09636625241268890 Declaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on WikipediaDeclaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on Wikipedia] (SDG 13)

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== Would you join our editorial board? ==

Hi @[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]], how are you doing? Would you join our community editorial board? This helps to record a resounding outcome. Thanks for your consideration.

[[Ojiarụ:Onwuka Glory|Onwuka Glory]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Onwuka Glory|ṅkátá]]) 16:22, 2 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)

== Next Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on January 13 ==

Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next Volunteers' Corner, that will be held on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1736793000 January 13, at 18:30 UTC] ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:44, 10 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #185 is out: Happy Wikipedia day! Quarterly planning ==

The [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-15|first update of 2025]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions is out. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present our plan for the upcoming quarter (January-March 2025), we suggest changes to our &quot;Function of the week&quot; section, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:34, 17 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #186 is out: Welcome, David! Naming conventions recommendations ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team, we introduce our current discussion on naming conventions recommendations, we introduce a new section dedicated to the newest functions created, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:36, 23 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #187 is out: With 2000 Functions into the new year: time for stats ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present some statistics about where we are as a project, we give some updates about our Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1738607400 February 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:05, 30 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2025 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our thirty-ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 11, 13 and 15.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250223|User group meeting 23 February]]
* User group meeting in January ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250119|minutes]]).
* The user group submitted an annual report in the new [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Affiliates Strategy/Implementation/Affiliate health criteria/Reports/2024/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|affiliate health criteria format]], and as an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2024|activity report]].
* The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030|2030 strategy]] for the user group was adopted.

; Other news
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/06/swiss-server-helped-optimise-wikidata-in-the-field-of-medicine/ Swiss server helped optimise Wikidata in the field of medicine] (SDG 3)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/08/photographers-from-turkiye-tell-the-story-of-award-wining-photos-in-wiki-loves-earth-2024/ Photographers from Türkiye tell the story of award wining photos in Wiki Loves Earth 2024] (SDG 15)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnAp7oovlg OpenStreetMap and Wikidata in Disaster Times - CEE Meeting 2024 Istanbul] (SDG 11)

; Events
* 1-28 February: [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/5DC7IKHKGBEE5KOD4PY2XNKT55EA6LW4/|Wiki Loves Africa: Climate &amp; Weather ISA campaign]] (SDG 13)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #188 is out: Invitation to the Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present a proposal to restructure our Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group (NLG SIG) meeting, we announce the creation of a new type, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:17, 6 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #189 is out: Restricting the World, redux ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we have an essay from Denny, we discuss the fix to the Byte Type, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:19, 14 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #190 is out: A proposal for types per language and part of speech ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present a proposal for types to represent a part of speech in a language, we present some events that we have taken part to (or we are taking part to), and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:50, 20 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;We would like to hear about your experiences with Temporary Accounts&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;body&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]]
'''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo This survey should take no longer than 5 minutes to complete.]'''

The Trust &amp; Safety Product team recently made [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] available on 12 wikis. There are plans to expand this to a larger set of wikis in the coming weeks and months and then proceed with a complete deployment later this year. Your participation in this survey will be immensely valuable in helping us understand how well Temporary Accounts are working and what we can improve on going forward.

The privacy policy for this survey may be [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|viewed at this link]]. By completing this survey, you agree to the terms set forward in the privacy policy.

Thank you!&lt;section end=&quot;body&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;ṅkátá&lt;/span&gt;]]) 02:50, 27 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #191 is out: From things to words ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss the deployment of the possibility of getting the right Lexeme given a Wikidata Item, we discuss the newest updates about Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1741026600 March 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:16, 28 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2025 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our fortieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15 and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* User group meeting in February ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250223|minutes]]).

; Other news
* [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2025/Organise|Time to get ready to organize Wiki Loves Earth]] (SDG 15)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/02/05/women-of-the-future-international-womens-day-2025/ ‘Women of the Future’ – International Women’s Day 2025] (SDG 5)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/02/17/the-experts-behind-the-edits-expanding-public-understanding-of-healthcare/ The Experts Behind the Edits: Expanding public understanding of healthcare] (SDG 3)
* [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/ecosia-and-wikimedia-enterprise-partner/ Wikimedia Enterprise and Ecosia Partner to Drive Sustainable Search Innovation] (SDG 13)
* A [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Policies|subproject to WikiProject Climate Change about Climate Change Policies]] has just started on Wikidata (SDG 13)

; Events
* 1 March: [[m:Event:Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire|Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire]] (SDG 8)
* 7 March [[m:Event:Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025|Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025]] (SDG 16)
* 8 March–1 April: [[m:Event:Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025|Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025]] (SDG 5)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #192 is out: Recent Changes in the software, Recording of Volunteer’s Corner, and talks in London ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present two talks that will feature Denny as a speaker and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:12, 7 Maachị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #193 is out: Upcoming NLG meeting, Recent Changes in the software ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we invite you to the next [[:f:Wikifunctions:NLG SIG|NLG SIG Meeting]], that will take place [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1739894400 on Tuesday March 18 at 16 UTC], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:39, 15 Maachị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #194 is out: Wikidata-based simple enumerations ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce a discussion about a new kind of enumeration type, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:06, 21 Maachị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #195 is out: It’s about time ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we introduce a discussion about how to support the creation of a type for time that is compatible with Wikidata, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:25, 28 Maachị 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2025 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our forty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13, 15 and 17.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;
; News
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/03/27/organise-your-local-wiki-loves-earth-in-2025/ Organise your local Wiki Loves Earth in 2025!] (SDG 15)
* [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Climate Policy Radar ID|Wikidata property proposal for the Climate Policy Radar]] (SDG 13)
* [https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/handle/2077/85640/NKB_Debatt_Wikipedia.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y Biologists encourage other biologists to edit Wikipedia] (in Swedish) (SDG 15)
* A [[c:File:Langzeitkooperationen zwischen Museen und dem Wikipedia-Universum.pdf|presentation on long-term collaborations between museums and the Wikimedia universe]] was given on March 10 at a [https://www.kiekeberg-museum.de/fileadmin/user_upload/3_4_1_Tagungen/geplante_tagungen/Programm_Tagung_Mittwochs_ist_Museumstag_-_Langzeitkooperationen_im_Museum_10-11.3.2025_FLMK3.pdf symposium on long-term collaborations with museums in Germany](SDG 17)
* A [[c:File:Gemeinsam mehr erreichen Freies Wissen als Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wikimedia und anderen Ehrenamtsinitiativen.pdf|presentation on existing and potential collaborations between the Wikimedia community and other volunteer communities]] was given on March 29 at a [https://tdsummit.d-s-e-e.de/ national volunteering convention] in Germany (SDG 17)

; Events
* [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250420|Next user group meeting: 20 April]]

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #196 is out: Quarterly Planning for April–June 2025; We are looking for a Senior Product Manager ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present our work plan for the upcoming quarter (April-June 2025), we publish a new job opening for joining the team, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1744047000 April 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 6 Eprel 2025 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Riyad hossain 89|Riyad hossain 89]] (18:56, 9 Eprel 2025) ==

Riyad Hossain With over 05 years of experience in the field of journalism, Riyad Hossain heads the editorial operations of Mission Ki Awaaz as a Blogger. Lives from Bangladesh --[[Ojiarụ:Riyad hossain 89|Riyad hossain 89]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Riyad hossain 89|ṅkátá]]) 18:57, 9 Eprel 2025 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #197 is out: Quarter in review, and lots of material to watch ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we evaluate our work done for the recently closed quarter (January-March 2025), we present you a number of video and blogpost about us to watch and read, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1744732800 April 15, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:20, 11 Eprel 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #198 is out: Wikifunctions integrated in Dagbani - and Wikifunctions; and the date of Easter ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we announce that this week we switched on the ability to call Wikifunctions functions from within Dagbani Wikipedia (our first wiki to do so!), we discuss the functions related to calculating the dates of Easter, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:28, 17 Eprel 2025 (UTC)
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== Question from [[User:Dr Ann Dangote|Dr Ann Dangote]] on [[Legrek Parond]] (07:00, 25 Eprel 2025) ==

do all articles have to be written in igbo or can the articles be written in English. --[[Ojiarụ:Dr Ann Dangote|Dr Ann Dangote]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Dr Ann Dangote|ṅkátá]]) 07:00, 25 Eprel 2025 (UTC)

== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #199 is out: Welcome, Gregory! ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we present a new member of the team, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746466200 May 5, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:16, 28 Eprel 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #200 is out: Abstract Wikipedia is a MacArthur 100&amp;Change finalist ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we announce that we reached the final stage of a grant competition, we introduce our next big conversation about where the content of Abstract Wikipedia will be located, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746466200 May 5, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:57, 1 Mee 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #201 is out: Abstract Wikipedia and the Wikimedia AI Strategy ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-09|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we discuss how Abstract Wikipedia ties in with the newly announced WMF's strategy for AI, we talk about the Wikimedia Hackathon and our community meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:27, 10 Mee 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2025 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our forty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250420|minutes]])

; Other news
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/09/zombie-ants-to-bioremediation-the-world-of-entomopathogenic-fungi/ Zombie ants to bioremediation: The world of entomopathogenic fungi] (SDG 15)
* [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/21/with-foundation-increases-support-to-expand-disability-healthcare-information-on-wikipedia/ WITH Foundation increases support to expand disability healthcare information on Wikipedia] (SDG 3)
* [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/04/women-and-health-project-improving-the-representation-of-womens-health-on-wikipedia/ Women and Health Project: Improving the representation of women’s health on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&amp;5)

; Events
* May 19: [[m:Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025|Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025]] (SDG 13)

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #202 is out: Location of Abstract Content ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we invite you to [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|a consultation]] about where should the content of Abstract Wikipedia be stored, we invite you to our next online presentation, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:56, 16 Mee 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #203 is out: Ongoing consultation about the Location for Abstract Content ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we invite you again to [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|a consultation]] about where should the content of Abstract Wikipedia be stored, we present some updates about existing and new types, we remind you of our next online presentation, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:54, 23 Mee 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #204 is out: Rolling out to five Wiktionaries; Calculating with today's date ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we talk about our latest deployment on five Wiktionaries, we showcase a couple of functions about dates, we remind you of ongoing discussions and upcoming presentations, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1748885400 June 2, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]).

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:38, 29 Mee 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #205 is out: Where will Abstract Content go? ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we give you some updates on the discussion about where to store abstract content, we present you the recordings of our latest presentations and meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:38, 9 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2025 Newsletter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;This is our forty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 10, 15 and 16.&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:2; column-width: 400px;&quot;&gt;

; User group news
* 22 June: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]]

; Other news
* Several papers presented at WikiWorkshop:
** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_24.pdf EcoWikiRS: Using Species Descriptions in Wikipedia and Remote Sensing to Learn about the Ecological Properties of a Place] (SDG 15)
** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_6.pdf Data Extraction Methods for Analyzing Gender Bias on Wikipedia's Front Page]  (SDG 5)
** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_28.pdf Measuring Cross-Lingual Information Gaps in English Wikipedia: A Case Study of LGBT People Portrayals] (SDG 10)
** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_14.pdf Exploring Wikipedia community practices during the 2024 European Parliament election] (SDG 16)
** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_55.pdf Wikipedia as a Tool for Tracking Mass Migration Flows: Insights from the Russian Invasion of Ukraine] (SDG 10)
** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_65.pdf Regulations in Wikidata: The case of PFAS-related regulations] (SDG 3 &amp; 16)
* [https://wikipediapodden.se/minimal-viable-species-stub-315/ Podcast about the minimal viable species stub] (SDG 15)
* [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/05/media-literacy-and-responding-to-emergencies-and-disinformation/ Wikimedia UK and the Royal Society host workshop on information literacy and future health emergencies] (SDG 3)

; Events
* 16 June: [[w:en:Event:Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon|Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon]]

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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #206 is out: Closing the consultation about the location of Abstract Content ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we announce the closing of the discussion about where to store abstract content, we remind you about our current discussions about types and our next [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:NLG_SIG|NLG SIG meeting]], and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:56, 16 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
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== Wikifunctions &amp; Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #207 is out: Quarterly Planning for July–September 2025 ==

There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it!

In this issue, we outline our priorities for the next quarter (July–September 2025), we give you some updates related to our new types, and we take a look at the latest software developments.

Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]!

Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:38, 23 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
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    <title>Jennie (singer)</title>
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      <comment>E deziri m peeji a</comment>
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'''Jennie Kim''' ( Korean  ; amuru na abalị iri na ise na onwa mbụ, na afọ1996), nke amara aha ya dika '''Jennie''', bu onye South Korea na-abụ abụ na onye na-agụ egwu. Amụrụ ma zụlite na South Korea, Jennie gụrụ akwụkwọ na New Zealand afọ ise tupu ọ laghachi South Korea na 2010. Ọ rụrụ arụ dị ka onye so na otu nwa agbọghọ Blackpink, nke YG Entertainment hibere, na August 2016. Na Nọvemba 2018, Jennie mere mpụta mbụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na otu &quot; Solo &quot;. Egwu a bụ ihe ịga nke ọma azụmahịa n'ime ụlọ na nke mba ụwa, na-ebuli ma Gaon Digital Chart na ''Billboard'' ' World Digital Songs chart.

== Ndụ mbido ==
A mụrụ Jennie Kim na Cheongdam-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul &lt;ref name=&quot;joongang21&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/22892780|title=The Reason Koreans Say &quot;Whoa&quot; by Hearing &quot;Jennie Was Born in Cheongdam-dong&quot;|author=Grace|date=August 17, 2018|work=The JoongAng Ilbo|accessdate=December 31, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231121307/https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/22892780|archivedate=December 31, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Jenụwarị 16, 1996, dịka naanị nwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://sports.khan.co.kr/entertainment/sk_index.html?art_id=201706230815003&amp;sec_id=540301&amp;pt=nv|title=[아이돌 고향을 찾아서①] 우리 고향 아이돌 누가 있을까|author=Son Min-ji|date=June 23, 2017|work=Sports Khan|accessdate=November 12, 2018|language=ko}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://news.donga.com/3/07/20160811/79708918/4|title=[블랙핑크 VS 투애니원③] 블랙핑크는 누구?|date=August 11, 2016|work=Donga|language=ko|accessdate=November 13, 2018|archivedate=June 12, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143900/http://news.donga.com/3/07/20160811/79708918/4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị Cheongdam na Seoul tupu ọ kwaga New Zealand. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://entalktalk.kr/?p=18581|title=교육 다큐멘터리 나오던 뉴질랜드 유학생, 지금은…|language=ko|date=November 10, 2020|work=Entertalk|accessdate=December 31, 2021|archivedate=December 31, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231132951/https://entalktalk.kr/?p=18581}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, ya na ezinụlọ ya gara njem gaa Australia na New Zealand. Mgbe nne ya jụrụ ya ma New Zealand ọ masịrị ya ma chọọ ịnọrọ, Jennie zara “ee”; Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, e zigara ya ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Waikowhai Intermediate School dị na Auckland ma soro ezinụlọ na-anọ n'ụlọ biri. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vlive.tv/video/42947|title=[V LIVE] 젠득타임🖤|work=V Live|language=en|accessdate=July 9, 2019|archivedate=April 30, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430042822/https://www.vlive.tv/video/42947}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jennie kwuru gbasara ahụmịhe ya ịmata asụsụ ọhụrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ MBC ''Bekee, Must Change to Survive'' (2006). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://mnews.joins.com/article/22244326#home|title=BLACKPINK JENNIE As A 10-Year-Old In New Zealand Caught On MBC's Documentary|date=December 29, 2017|work=JoongAng Ilbo|accessdate=July 29, 2018|language=ko-KR}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge ọ na-eto eto, ọ tụrụ anya ịghọ onye na -agba egwú ballet . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vlive.tv/video/98903/playlist/96189|title=[V LIVE] BLACKPINK 블랙핑크 'Star Road' EP.14|work=V Live|language=en|accessdate=July 24, 2019|archivedate=July 24, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724233921/https://www.vlive.tv/video/98903/playlist/96189}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ gụsịrị etiti, ọ debara aha na ACG Parnell College . &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Artist na oyiyi ==

=== Mmetụta na ụdị egwu egwu ===
Mgbe Jennie malitere ịrapara na mbụ, ọ mụtara ọrụ ndị na-ese ihe na-amasị ya ma kwanyere ya ùgwù, dị ka Lauryn Hill na TLC . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/cover-story/8500312/blackpink-billboard-cover-story-2019|title=Inside Blackpink's U.S. Takeover: How the K-Pop Queens Are Changing the Game|work=Billboard|accessdate=February 28, 2019|archivedate=November 8, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108213447/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/cover-story/8500312/blackpink-billboard-cover-story-2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jennie zoro aka na [[Rihanna]] dị ka isi mmetụta egwu ya na ihe nlereanya. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2155008/jennie-blackpink-new-zealand-raised-k-pop-singer-who-any-good-cub|title=Jennie from Blackpink – New Zealand-raised K-pop singer who, like any good Cub Scout, just wants to do her best|date=July 14, 2018|publisher=South China Morning Post|language=en|accessdate=July 21, 2018|archivedate=July 18, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718122632/https://www.scmp.com/culture/music/article/2155008/jennie-blackpink-new-zealand-raised-k-pop-singer-who-any-good-cub}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Blackpink's ''The Album'', Jennie gere ndị na-ese ihe dị ka Lana Del Rey, Billie Eilish, Harry Hudson, HER na Kacey Musgraves . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/blackpink-share-their-favorite-songs-spotify-playlist-paul-mccartney-niki-the-strokes-nirvana-1975-billie-eilish-listen|title=BLACKPINK shares their favorite songs: NIKI, The Strokes, Nirvana, The 1975, Billie Eilish and more – listen|work=10 Years of Bandwagon|date=September 25, 2020|accessdate=September 14, 2021|first=Kara|author=Bodegon|archivedate=December 7, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207084759/https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/blackpink-share-their-favorite-songs-spotify-playlist-paul-mccartney-niki-the-strokes-nirvana-1975-billie-eilish-listen}}&lt;/ref&gt; Onye nkuzi olu Shin Yoo-mi, onye ya na Blackpink rụkọrọ ọrụ ruo afọ isii ruo mpụta mbụ ha, zụrụ Jennie maka mpụta mbụ ya. N'ajụjụ ọnụ, Shin kọwara Jennie dị ka onye na-egwu ọtụtụ egwuregwu nwere nkà maka ịbụ abụ, rapping na ide egwu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1VJAZATSW4/GL0301|title=보컬트레이너 신유미 &quot;프듀 김재환, 가장 눈에 띄는 노래 실력 가져&quot;|date=May 27, 2019|work=서울경제|language=ko|accessdate=May 30, 2019|archivedate=May 30, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530074501/https://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1VJAZATSW4/GL0301}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ejiji na oyiyi ===
Jennie malitere ịgụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ejiji na ile ányá ụdị uwe dị iche iche mgbe ọ bụ nwata. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=213&amp;aid=0001044525|title='한밤' 지수, 블랙핑크가 뽑은 얼굴천재... 제니는 여자지디[종합]|date=June 26, 2018|work=Naver|language=ko|accessdate=September 5, 2019|archivedate=April 30, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430063431/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=213&amp;aid=0001044525}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mmasị ya na ejiji sitere na nne ya. Jennie gwara ''Elle'' Indonesia na Chanel bụ akụkụ nke ndụ ya site na nwata nakwa na ọ ka na-echeta ncheta mbụ ya gbasara ụlọ ejiji: &quot;Echetara m mgbe m dị obere, m na-eleba anya na uwe mama m, na-achọkwa Chanel ọ bụla. Enwere m ike ịchọta&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://elle.co.id/fashion/people/jennie-blackpink-kim-ungkap-memori-masa-kecil-bersama-chanel/|title=Jennie 'Blackpink' Kim Ungkap Memori Masa Kecil Bersama Chanel|date=January 4, 2019|work=Elle Indonesia|accessdate=June 26, 2019|archivedate=June 26, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626224201/https://elle.co.id/fashion/people/jennie-blackpink-kim-ungkap-memori-masa-kecil-bersama-chanel/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maka mpụta mbụ ya, o tinyere aka na nhazi na ịhazi uwe nke ya &lt;ref name=&quot;sportsdonga18&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://sports.donga.com/3/all/20181112/92835511/2?adtbrdg=e|title=블랙핑크 제니 'SOLO', 100% 맞춤옷 입고 비상 할까 (종합)|date=November 12, 2018|work=Sports Donga|language=ko|accessdate=May 26, 2019|archivedate=April 30, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430125307/https://sports.donga.com/3/all/20181112/92835511/2?adtbrdg=e}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee tinye ihe karịrị uwe 20 maka vidiyo egwu nke &quot;Solo&quot;. Jennie chetara na ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ''Billboard'' gbara na n’oge a na-ese vidio egwú, ọ tụlere otú onye nke ọ bụla ga-esi kwekọọ n’abụ ahụ na ihe ọ pụrụ ịgbanwe, bụ́ nke nyeere ya aka ịmụta ọtụtụ ụzọ ọhụrụ e si abịaru ejiji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8500689/blackpink-interview-10-things-we-learned|title=10 Things You Learn Hanging Out With Blackpink: More From the Group's Billboard Cover Story|date=March 1, 2019|work=Billboard|accessdate=May 24, 2019|archivedate=March 29, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329153408/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8500689/blackpink-interview-10-things-we-learned}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/988080/all-the-outfits-worn-by-blackpink-s-jennie-for-her-solo-debut-mv|title=All The Outfits Worn By Blackpink's Jennie For Her 'Solo' Debut MV|date=November 20, 2018|work=E! Online|language=en|accessdate=May 25, 2019|archivedate=May 25, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525041743/https://www.eonline.com/ap/news/988080/all-the-outfits-worn-by-blackpink-s-jennie-for-her-solo-debut-mv}}&lt;/ref&gt; O kwuru na N'ajụjụ ọnụ ''Elle'' Korea gbara ya na ejiji ghọrọ akụkụ dị mkpa n'ọrụ ya ka ọ na-agbalị iziga ozi egwu ya ma n'ọnụ ma n'anya. &lt;ref name=&quot;elleinterview21&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=July 30, 2021|title=독보적인 존재감, 제니|url=https://www.elle.co.kr/article/57297|accessdate=December 31, 2021|work=Elle Korea|author=Lee Ma-roo (이마루)|language=ko|archivedate=December 31, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231055254/https://www.elle.co.kr/article/57297|quote=곡의 새로운 스토리를 전달하기 위해 무대, 가사, 편곡, 의상, 안무 작업 등에 아이디어를 내고 하나하나 참여하면서 신경을 많이 썼던 무대예요. [In order to relay a new story of my song, I put a lot of thought into the stage, lyrics, arrangement, clothes, and choreography.]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Jennie na-asụ Korean na Bekee nke ọma yana Japanese bụ isi. Ọ mụtakwara ịsụ French. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3115601/who-k-pops-ultimate-polyglot-blackpink-red-velvet-and|title=Who is K-pop's ultimate polyglot? Blackpink, Red Velvet and Shinee all boast members able to speak a whole host of languages – so which star impresses most?|work=South China Morning Post|author=Choi Ha Rin|date=December 29, 2020|accessdate=September 14, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207084957/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3115601/who-k-pops-ultimate-polyglot-blackpink-red-velvet-and|archivedate=December 7, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mmetụta na mmetụta ==
[[Usòrò:Jennie_Kim_Marie_Claire_Korea_2020.png|thumb| Kim na vidiyo maka ''Marie Claire Korea'', Mee 2020]]
Jennie, bụ ngwá ọrụ na ihe oyiyi ejiji Blackpink, ka a na-akpọ &quot;Human Gucci&quot; na &quot;Human Chanel&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.opinionnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=18211|title=[글로벌 인플루언서] ② 블랙핑크, 아이돌 아닌 K팝 명품 브랜드|date=June 3, 2019|work=오피니언뉴스|language=ko|accessdate=September 19, 2019|archivedate=June 11, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611023248/http://www.opinionnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=18211}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pọtụfoliyo ụdị ya sitere na Gucci na Saint Laurent ruo na aha niche dị ka Marine Serre na Richard Quinn . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.voguehk.com/en/article/jennie-blackpink-style/|title=Jennie From Blackpink is the K-Pop Style Icon You Should Know|work=Vogue Hong Kong|language=en-US|accessdate=September 30, 2019|archivedate=August 20, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820224452/https://www.voguehk.com/en/article/jennie-blackpink-style/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụdị ejiji nke Jennie nwetara akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù maka ihe omume ejiji dị ka Saint Laurent's Summer 17 Collection Launch Party nke Anthony Vaccarello, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/03/27/2017032703341.html|title=[사진]블랙핑크 제니,'신이 내린 보디라인'|work=Chosun|language=ko|accessdate=September 30, 2019|archivedate=September 30, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930014958/http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2017/03/27/2017032703341.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chanel's Mademoiselle Privé ngosi, &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=082&amp;aid=0000717443|title=블랙핑크 제니 '도도한 미모가 그야말로 명품' [포토 종합]|work=Naver|language=ko|accessdate=September 25, 2019|archivedate=April 30, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430065827/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=082&amp;aid=0000717443}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Prada 's Comics Collection Launch Party. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;oid=015&amp;aid=0003891069&amp;sid1=001|title=[포토] 블랙핑크 제니, '머리만 넘겨도 화보'|work=Naver|language=ko|accessdate=September 30, 2019|archivedate=June 28, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628170229/https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&amp;mid=sec&amp;oid=015&amp;aid=0003891069&amp;sid1=001}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chanel họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya ụlọ mgbe o kwuchara mmetụta azụmahịa ya dị egwu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ntutu isi Jennie yi na nkebi ise na ise n'oge ọ na-eme ihe nkiri mbụ ya bụ &quot;Solo&quot; na-ewu ewu ozugbo na South Korea ma kpọọ ya &quot;ntutu ntutu Jennie&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.insight.co.kr/news/213229|title=핫한 여자 아이돌이 착용해 '인싸'는 다 따라 했던 유행 아이템 6|work=인사이트|language=ko|accessdate=July 7, 2019|archivedate=July 7, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190707021119/https://www.insight.co.kr/news/213229}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.co.id/article/read/2/2019/15458/trendy-5-gaya-rambut-dengan-hair-pin-ala-jennie-blackpink|title=Trendy! 5 Gaya Rambut dengan Hair Pin ala Jennie BLACKPINK!|date=February 22, 2019|work=Cosmopolitan Indonesia|accessdate=September 24, 2019|archivedate=September 25, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925023723/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.id/article/read/2/2019/15458/trendy-5-gaya-rambut-dengan-hair-pin-ala-jennie-blackpink}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://nc.asiae.co.kr/view.htm?idxno=2019052416150931773|title=기상캐스터 정주희, 걸그룹 센터급 비주얼 '시선 집중'|date=May 25, 2019|work=뉴스컬처|language=ko|accessdate=September 24, 2019|archivedate=May 1, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501132801/http://nc.asiae.co.kr/view.htm?idxno=2019052416150931773}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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'''Oge ezumike nsọ''' bụ ụdị ezumike ebe mmadụ nwere ike ịnwe nhọrọ iji ezumike akwụ ụgwọ ma ọ bụ na-akwụghị ụgwọ site na ọrụ ha ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-ahụ nsọ nwanyị ma enweghị ike ịga ọrụ n'ihi nke a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Levitt2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies|chapter=Chapter 43: Addressing Menstruation in the Workplace: The Menstrual Leave Debate|year=2020|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-981-15-0614-7|doi=10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_43|chapterurl=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565643/}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'akụkọ ihe mere eme ya niile, a na-ejikọta ezumike nsọ nwanyị na esemokwu na ịkpa ókè megide ụmụnwanyị, na mba ole na ole na-eme iwu; a na-ejikọta ya na nnabata dị ala na mba ndị ahụ mere iwu. Ụfọdụ na-ahụ ya dị ka nkatọ maka arụmọrụ ọrụ ụmụnwanyị ma ọ bụ dị ka mmekọahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Iuliano|first=Sarah|title=Menstrual leave: delightful or discriminatory?|url=http://lipmag.com/culture/menstrual-leave-delightful-or-discriminatory/|work=5 August 2013|date=4 August 2013|publisher=Lip Magazine|accessdate=3 January 2014|archivedate=27 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090204/http://lipmag.com/culture/menstrual-leave-delightful-or-discriminatory/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Price|first=Catherine|title=Should women get paid menstruation leave?|url=http://www.salon.com/2006/10/11/menstruation_4/|accessdate=3 January 2014|work=Salon|date=11 October 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3343102/menstrual-leave-women-gender-bias-workplace/|title=Italy debates paid 'menstrual leave' but experts warn it could increase gender bias at work|work=Global News}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ndị na-akwado iwu ezumike nsọ nwanyị jiri ọrụ ya tụnyere nke ezumike ịmụ nwa ma lee ya anya dị ka onye na-akwalite ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://eurohealth.ie/policy-brief-women-and-menstruation-in-the-eu/|title=Policy Brief: Women and Menstruation in the EU|date=2018-03-07|work=Eurohealth|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-03-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndabere ==
Ụfọdụ ụmụnwanyị na-enwe ọnọdụ a na-akpọ dysmenorrhea nke na-akpata ihe mgbu n'oge nsọ nwanyị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Khan|first=Khalid|date=2012-02-15|title=Dysmenorrhea|url=https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0215/p386.html|journal=American Family Physician|language=en|volume=85|issue=4|pages=386–387|issn=0002-838X}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe ruru 80% nke ụmụnwanyị anaghị enwe nsogbu zuru oke iji mebie ọrụ kwa ụbọchị n'ihi nsọ nwanyị, ọ bụ ezie na ha nwere ike ịkọ na ha nwere nsogbu ụfọdụ tupu nsọ nwanyị.  Ihe mgbaàmà na-egbochi ndụ nkịtị, na-eru eru dị ka ọrịa premenstrual, na 20 ruo 30% nke ụmụnwanyị. Na 3 ruo 8%, mgbaàmà siri ike.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder|journal=American Family Physician|volume=84|issue=8|pages=918–24|date=October 2011|pmid=22010771}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) bụ ụdị ọrịa siri ike ma na-egbochi ọrịa premenstrual na-emetụta 1.8–5.8% nke ụmụnwanyị na-ahụ nsọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;DSM5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|year=2013|location=Arlington, VA|pages=625.4|edition=5th}} Code: 625.4 (N94.3)&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ===
E bu ụzọ tinye iwu ezumike nsọ nwanyị na ụfọdụ ngalaba ọrụ na post-Revolutionary Russia na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na itoolu; n'ihi ịkpa ókè megide ụmụnwanyị na-arụ ọrụ, ewepụrụ iwu ahụ n'afọ 1927.

Otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụnwanyị dị na steeti Kerala nke ndịda [[Ndia|India]] nyere ụmụakwụkwọ ya ezumike nsọ n'oge 1912.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ndtv.com/kerala-news/a-kerala-school-granted-period-leave-105-years-ago-1739698 &quot;A Kerala School Granted Period Leave 105 Years Ago&quot;]. [[NDTV]]. 20 August 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ ndị 1920, òtù ndị ọrụ [[Japan]] malitere ịchọ ezumike (seiri kyuka) maka ndị ọrụ nwanyị ha. N'afọ 1947, ụkpụrụ ndị ọrụ Japan mere ka iwu rụọ ọrụ nke nyere ụmụnwanyị na-ahụ nsọ nwanyị ohere ịhapụ ọrụ ụbọchị. Mkparịta ụka na-aga n'ihu banyere ma ọ bụ mkpa ahụike ma ọ bụ ihe ịkpa ókè.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Japan's 1986 Equal Employment Opportunity Law and the Changing Discourse on Gender|author=JSTOR|journal=Signs|year=1995|volume=20|issue=2|pages=268–302|doi=10.1086/494975|url=https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&amp;context=history}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/05/should-women-get-paid-menstrual-leave-days/370789/|title=Should Paid 'Menstrual Leave' Be a Thing?|first=Emily|author=Matchar|date=May 16, 2014|work=The Atlantic}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20170908-can-period-leave-ever-work|title=Can 'period leave' ever work?|first=Claire|author=Lampen|work=www.bbc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe ịma aka ===
E nwere mmechuihu metụtara ezumike nsọ nwanyị; dị ka Levitt na Barnack-Tavlaris (2020) si kwuo, ọ nwere ike ime ka echiche dị iche iche dịgide ma na-aga n'ihu na ọgwụ nke ịhụ nsọ nwanyị. Ịga ezumike nwere ike ịchọ ịgwa ndị njikwa bụ ụmụnwoke banyere ihe nwanyị ahụ kwere na ọ bụ okwu onwe onye. Ọ nwere ike igosi ụmụnwanyị dị ka ndị na-enweghị ike karịa ụmụ nwoke ma ya mere ọ nwere ike ibute ịkpa ókè megide ụmụnwanyị. Otu aro iji wepụ ihere ahụ bụ inye ezumike ahụike ọzọ maka ndị nwoke na nwanyị niile.&lt;ref name=&quot;PeriodLeave&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Julia Hollingsworth|title=Should women be entitled to period leave? These countries think so|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/20/business/period-leave-asia-intl-hnk-dst/index.html|accessdate=2020-11-22|work=CNN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Site na mpaghara dị iche iche ==

=== Eshia ===
Na mpaghara Indonesia, n'okpuru Iwu Ọrụ No. 13 na nke afọ 2003, ụmụnwanyị nwere ikike ụbọchị abụọ nke ezumike nsọ kwa ọnwa ọ bụ ezie na ndị a abụghị akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.niew.gov.my/niew/en/download/doc_download/324-labour-act|title=Labour Act|author=Govt. of Indonesia|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004064721/http://www.niew.gov.my/niew/en/download/doc_download/324-labour-act|archivedate=2011-10-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Japan, ebe ọ bụ na 1947, Nkeji edemede nke 68 nke Iwu Ụkpụrụ Ọrụ na-ekwu &quot;Mgbe nwanyị nke na-arụrụ ọrụ n'oge nsọ nwanyị ga-esi ike karịsịa rịọrọ ezumike, onye were ya n'ọrụ agaghị eji nwanyị dị otú ahụ n'ọrụ n'ụbọchị nke oge nsọ nwanyị. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/ifpdial/info/national/jp.htm|title=National Labour Law Profile: Japan|author=International Labour Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.asianfoodworker.net/maternity/UIZensen-model-CBA.pdf|title=Comparison of the Japanese Laws and Model CBA of UI ZENSEN on Maternity Protection|author=asianfoodworker|accessdate=2011-06-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626184404/http://www.asianfoodworker.net/maternity/UIZensen-model-CBA.pdf|archivedate=2007-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ezie na iwu ndị Japan chọrọ ka nwanyị na-agabiga nsọ nwanyị siri ike hapụ ya ka ọ gaa ezumike, ọ dịghị achọ ka ụlọ ọrụ nye ezumike akwụ ụgwọ ma ọ bụ ụgwọ ọzọ maka ụmụnwanyị na-ahọrọ ịrụ ọrụ n'oge nsọ nwanyị.

Na Saụt Koria, ụmụnwanyị na-arụ ọrụ nwere ikike ezumike nsọ nwanyị dị ka Nkebi nke 71 nke Iwu Ụkpụrụ Ọrụ, a na-ahụkwa na a na-akwụ ụgwọ ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na ha anaghị ewere ezumike nsọ nwanyị nke ha nwere.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/ifpdial/info/national/kor.htm|title=National Labour Law Profile: Japan|author=International Labour Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2885715|title=Once again, court orders menstrual leave payout|author=joongangdaily}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Taiwan, Iwu nke Ịdị n'Otu Mmekọahụ n'ọrụ na-enye ụmụnwanyị ụbọchị atọ nke &quot; ezumike nsọ&quot; kwa afọ, nke a na-agaghị agụta maka ụbọchị iri atọ nke &quot; ezumike ọrịa nkịtị&quot;, na-enye ụmụnwanyị ruo ụbọchị iri atọ na atọ nke &quot;akwụkwọ metụtara ahụike&quot; kwa afọ. Ụbọchị atọ ndị ọzọ anaghị abịa na ọkara ụgwọ ozugbo nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ gafere 30 a na-achịkwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2013/11/27/394603/Gender-equality.htm|title=Gender equality in employment act revised|author=The China Post|accessdate=2022-04-24|archivedate=2017-09-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901150147/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2013/11/27/394603/gender-equality.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Europe ===
Na mba Europe, ka ọ na-erule 2021, ọ dịghị mba nwere ezumike nsọ nwanyị. Atụmatụ nke ndị omeiwu Ịtali iji webata iwu ezumike nsọ nwanyị n'afọ 2017 kpalitere arụmụka na mba Europe banyere otú ahụike nsọ nwanyị si emetụta ụmụnwanyị n'ọrụ. Iwu ahụ ga-ewebata iwu maka ụlọ ọrụ iji nye ezumike ụbọchị atọ a na-akwụ ụgwọ maka ụmụnwanyị na-arịa ọrịa nsọ nwanyị; e meghị iwu ahụ.

=== Afrịka ===
Na mba Zambia, ka ọ na-erule afọ 2015, iwu kwadoro ụmụnwanyị ụbọchị ezumike kwa ọnwa n'ihi iwu ezumike nsọ ha, nke a maara dị ka &quot;Ụbọchị Nne&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/zambia-period-day-off-women-menstruation-law-gender-womens-rights-a7509061.html|title=The country where all women get time off for being on their period|date=2017-01-04|work=The Independent|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụrụ na a gọnahụrụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ikike a, ọ nwere ike ikpe onye were ya n'ọrụ ikpe.

== Usoro iwu ụlọ ọrụ ==
Coexist, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọdịmma obodo Bristol, webatara &quot;ụkpụrụ oge&quot; iji nye ụmụnwanyị mgbanwe na ọnọdụ ọrụ dị mma. N'inwe olileanya imebi iwu ahụ gbasara ịhụ nsọ nwanyị, Coexist ghọrọ ụlọ ọrụ mbụ na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] iji mejuputa iwu a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/period-leave-menstruation-work-employment-uk-women-a6905426.html|title=A company is giving its female staff 'period leave'|date=2016-03-01|work=The Independent|language=en|accessdate=2019-03-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-akọ na Nike na-akwado ezumike nsọ n'ebe ọ bụla ọ na-arụ ọrụ, mana ndị mgbasa ozi gosipụtara iwu a n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi; Nike na-agbaso iwu ọrụ obodo ebe ọ na-arụ ọrụ.

== Ebensidee ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Menstrual-leave-good-for-companies/2005/02/11/1108061831482.html Oge ezumike 'dị mma maka ụlọ ọrụ']
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    <title>Mame Thiam</title>
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'''Mame Baba Thiam''' (ka amụrụ n'ụbọchị nke 9 n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1992) bụ [[Footbọl|onye]] Senegal na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agbara Süper Lig club Kayserispor na ndị otu mba Senegal bọọlụ.

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Ọrụ ntorobịa ===
A mụrụ ya na Nguidile, Louga Region, Thiam hapụrụ [[Italy|Ịtali]] mgbe ọ dị obere.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://giovanili.inter.it/aas/squadra?stagione=2010/11&amp;IDS=1&amp;L=en|title=F.C. INTERNAZIONALE MILANO - OFFICIAL WEB SITE|work=inter.it|accessdate=2022-06-04|archivedate=2016-09-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913123057/http://giovanili.inter.it/aas/squadra?stagione=2010/11&amp;IDS=1&amp;L=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.pepam.gouv.sn/acces.php?idcr=08333|title=PEPAM|work=pepam.gouv.sn|accessdate=19 October 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026115044/http://www.pepam.gouv.sn/acces.php?idcr=08333|archivedate=26 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; A họpụtara ya na ndị otu Veneto mpaghara ''Allievi'' maka Coppa Nazionale Primavera, asọmpi megide ndị nnọchi anya mpaghara Italy ndị ọzọ na oge 2007–08.&lt;ref&gt;Finali Nazionali per Rappresentative Regionali Allievi {{Cite news|url=http://www.settoregiovanile.figc.it/NAZIONALE/COM_UFF/2004/c.u.17%20-%2002a%20giornata.pdf|title=CU n.17 (2007–08)|date=22 June 2008|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=Settore Giovanile e Scolastico (SGS), FIGC|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na kwa klọb ọ gbara bọọlụ na Real San Marco, site na Chirignago [it], mpaghara ala nke obodo Venice.&lt;ref&gt;43° Coppa Nazionale Primavera 2007/2008, {{Cite news|url=http://www.figcvenetocalcio.it/documenti/Comitato%20Regionale/Comunicati/2007-2008/Alleg_Com_N82_SGS_CONVOCAZIONE_ALLIEVI_%20GIOVANISSIMI.pdf|title=CU n.82 Allego (2007–08)|date=17 June 2008|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=Comitato Regionale Veneto, SGS, FIGC|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2008, Veneto club Treviso bịanyere aka na ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fbctreviso.it/allievinaz.php|title=ALLIEVI NAZIONALI|work=Treviso FBC 1993|language=Italian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081027181006/http://www.fbctreviso.it/allievinaz.php|archivedate=27 October 2008|accessdate=19 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na Jenụwarị afọ 2009, Internazionale si Treviso bịnyere aka na ya na Samuel Longo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.inter.it/aas/news/reader?N=30773&amp;L=en|title=Academy ins and outs|date=2 February 2009|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=inter.it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ banyere ozugbo n'otu akpọrọ Inter's ''Allievi Nazionali'' under-17, na-enye goolu anọ n'oge oge (ogbo otu).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.inter.it/aas/news/reader?N=31636&amp;L=en|title=Under-17s defeated: thanks all the same|date=19 June 2009|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=inter.it}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://giovanili.inter.it/aas/campionato?stagione=2008/09&amp;IDC=2&amp;L=en|title=Championship ALLIEVI A 2008/09|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=inter.it}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ihi ndị otu Primavera n'okpuru afọ iri abụọ nke Inter nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-agba bọọlụ, nke bụ Denis Alibec, Mattia Destro, Simone Dell'Agnello, Giuseppe Angarano na Longo, Thiam hapụrụ ndị otu Sassuolo's &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwMg&quot;&gt;Primavera&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2009. Ndị Emilia-Romagna gbazinyere Alberto Gallinetta ma debe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị egwuregwu Inter mbụ site n'ịgbatị ego ma ọ bụ wepụ nhọrọ ịbanye ozugbo na Inter, dị ka Pellegrino Albanese, Raffaele Conforto na Giorgio Schiavini . Thiam bụ onye mbido ya na Diego Falcinelli, onye bụkwa onye Inter academy.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.zonacalcio.org/news.html?news=29952|title=CAMPIONATO PRIMAVERA: SASSUOLO AL COMANDO DEL GIRONE A|date=19 September 2009|accessdate=15 February 2012|work=Zona Calcio|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.zonacalcio.org/news.html?news=30984|title=CAMPIONATO PRIMAVERA: DERBY A RETI BIANCHE|date=10 October 2009|accessdate=15 February 2012|work=UC Sampdoria|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.zonacalcio.org/news.html?news=37832|title=VIAREGGIO CUP: NAPOLI - SASSUOLO 4-5|date=9 February 2010|accessdate=9 February 2010|work=Zona Calcio|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.zonacalcio.org/news.html?news=37904|title=VIAREGGIO CUP: JUVENTUS - SASSUOLO 1-0|date=11 February 2010|accessdate=9 February 2010|work=Zona Calcio|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, onye nkuzi ahụ jikwa nhazi ndị ọzọ ma họrọ Falcinelli dị ka naanị onye na-aga n'ihu n'agbanyeghị na Thiam rụkwara ọrụ ahụ oge ole na ole.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sampdoria.it/news/poker-al-sassuolo-primavera-agli-ottavi-con-krsticic.html|title=Poker al Sassuolo: Primavera agli ottavi con Krsticic|date=14 April 2010|accessdate=15 February 2012|work=UC Sampdoria|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oge ahụ Thiam nyere goolu ugboro anọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fullsoccer.eu/giocatori.php?giocatore=THIAM%20Mame%20Baba|title=THIAM Mame Baba|work=fullsoccer.eu|accessdate=14 February 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911103307/http://www.fullsoccer.eu/giocatori.php?giocatore=THIAM%20Mame%20Baba|archivedate=11 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'oge ahụ, Inter na Sassuolo nwere nkwekọrịta dị mgbagwoju anya, nke nyere Thiam ohere isonyere Sassuolo n'efu na Jenụwarị 2010 (Inter debanyere aha ọnwụ nke € 71,000), mgbe ahụ Thiam sonyeere Inter na 30 Ọgọstụ na nkwekọrịta nwekọ, na nkwekọrịta Thiam na-emeso dị ka akụ ego na akaụntụ Sassuolo na akụ na-adịghị ahụkebe na akaụntụ Inter, yana klọb nne na nna nke nkwekọrịta nwe ya ghọrọ Sassuolo kama Inter.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=FC Internazionale Milano Spa 2009–10 Bilancio|date=January 2011|publisher=[[Camera di Commercio, Industria, Agricoltura e Artigianato|CCIAA]]|language=Italian|format=PDF purchased}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.inter.it/aas/news/reader?N=34481&amp;L=en|title=Two arrivals and a departure|date=30 August 2010|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=inter.it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya na ndị otu Inter ''Primavera'', o nyere goolu anọ n'oge oge, n'azụ ndị na-agba bọọlụ Dell'Agnello, Alibec na Milan Jirásek.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://giovanili.inter.it/aas/campionato?stagione=2010/11&amp;IDC=1&amp;L=en|title=Championship PRIMAVERA 2010/11|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=inter.it|archivedate=2 April 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402154839/http://giovanili.inter.it/aas/campionato?stagione=2010/11&amp;IDC=1&amp;L=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; O ritekwara Torneo di Viareggio na 2011 na ndị nchekwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.inter.it/aas/news/reader?N=36002&amp;L=en|title=Viareggio: Dell'Agnello's brace, Inter champions|date=7 March 2011|accessdate=19 September 2011|work=FC Internazionale Milano|publisher=inter.it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Serie C1 mgbazinye ===
N'ụbọchị iri atọ nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2011, ọ hapụrụ Avellino site na Inter Milan .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.asavellino.it/notizia.php?id=6047|title=Ingaggiato dall'Inter l'esterno Thiam|date=30 August 2011|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=AS Avellino 1912|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere egwuregwu izizi ya na 25 Septemba megide Viareggio dị ka onye nnọchi anya Gianluca De Angelis .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://archiviostorico.gazzetta.it/2011/settembre/26/Zigoni_testa_lancia_Avellino_Per_ga_10_110926051.shtml|title=Zigoni di testa lancia l' Avellino Per il Viareggio quarto k.o. di fila|date=26 September 2011|accessdate=19 October 2011|work=La Gazzetta dello Sport|language=Italian|format=require login}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ malitere nke mbụ ya na egwuregwu na-esonụ megide Sorrento . Ọ gbara egwuregwu na-esote, na-agba na 13, 16 na 30 Ọktoba (gburugburu 7, 8 na 10), ya na Zigoni, Fabrizio Lasagna na De Angelis n'otu n'otu. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọkọchị goolu gasịrị, Thiam tụfuru ebe mbido, wee bụrụ onye nkwado nke De Angelis na Zigoni. Ọ laghachiri ịmalite XI ọzọ na 7 Machị 2012, ya na Zigoni. Na June 2012 Inter nwetakwara Thiam ozugbo, dịka Sassuolo hapụrụ ikike ndebanye aha 50% nke Thiam.

Na 12 Julaị 2012, Thiam kwagara klọb ọkwa nke atọ ọzọ, South Tyrol (German: , Italian: ).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fc-suedtirol.com/it/fc-s%C3%BCdtirol/dall-inter-arriva-in-prestito-il-senegalese-mame-baba-thiam/54-15194.html|title=DALL INTER ARRIVA IN PRESTITO IL SENEGALESE MAME BABA THIAM|date=12 July 2012|accessdate=12 April 2013|publisher=FC Südtirol|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Lanciano na Juventus ===
Na 15 Julaị 2013, Thiam sonyeere klọb Serie B Lanciano na nnyefe n'efu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.virtuslanciano.it/news/1875_ufficiale-mame-baba-thiam-e-un-calciatore-della-virtus-lanciano.html|title=Ufficiale: Mame Baba Thiam è un calciatore della Virtus Lanciano: Per lui contratto triennale|date=15 July 2013|accessdate=28 May 2014|publisher=SS Virtus Lanciano 1924|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 30 Jenụwarị 2014, Lanciano bịanyere aka na onye na-eche nche Laurențiu Brănescu na nkwekọrịta nwekọ maka ego € 250,000 tinyere 50% ikike ndebanye aha nke Thiam (50% &quot;kaadị&quot; nke Thiam dị ọnụ ahịa na € 1.4 nde; 50% &quot;kaadị&quot; nke Brănescu bara uru € 1.65 nde).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.virtuslanciano.it/news/2233mercato-scambio-di-comproprieta-thiam-branescu.html|title=Mercato: scambio di comproprietà Thiam-Branescu: Accordo raggiunto tra la Virtus e la Juventus|date=30 January 2014|accessdate=28 May 2014|publisher=SS Virtus Lanciano 1924|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.juventus.com/wps/wcm/connect/061485b7-f86a-4c7a-94b7-6700c1e58765/Resoconto+intermedio+di+gestione+31+marzo++2014+ITA.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&amp;CACHEID=061485b7-f86a-4c7a-94b7-6700c1e58765|title=Resoconto intermedio di gestione al 31 marzo 2014|date=13 May 2014|accessdate=28 May 2014|publisher=Juventus FC|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thiam bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ   1⁄2 na The Old Lady.

Thiam nọrọ oge 2013-14 fọdụrụ na Lanciano. Ọ gara n'ihu na Lanciano na oge 2014-2015. Na June 2015 Juventus bịanyere aka na Thiam ozugbo maka € 800,000 ọzọ; na 8 July Lanciano bịanyere aka na Filippo Penna (ihe dị ka € 340,000) na Marco Di Benedetto (ekwughị) dị ka ụgwọ ọrụ.&lt;ref&gt;S.S. Virtus Lanciano 1924 S.r.l. ''bilancio'' (financial report and accounts) on 30 June 2015, PDF purchased from [[Camera di Commercio, Industria, Agricoltura e Artigianato|CCIAA]] (in Italian)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://calciobilanci.blogspot.com.au/2016/09/ss-virtus-lanciano-1924-srl-bilancio-al.html|title=S.S. Virtus Lanciano 1924 S.r.l. bilancio al 2015-06-30|date=1 September 2016|accessdate=1 September 2016|publisher=Calcio Bilanci}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.juventus.com/media/native/investor-relations-docs/italiano/bilanci/1516/Relazione%20semestrale%20web_italiano.pdf|title=Relazione finanziaria semestrale al 31 dicembre 2015|date=24 February 2016|accessdate=30 August 2016|publisher=Juventus F.C.|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Zulte Waregem (mgbazinye ) ====
Na 26 Julaị 2015, Thiam bịnyere aka na Zulte Waregem na nkwekọrịta nwa oge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.essevee.be/nieuws.php?Article=1031|title=MAME THIAM EEN JAAR GEHUURD (+AANKOOPOPTIE) VAN JUVENTUS|date=26 July 2015|accessdate=25 August 2015|publisher=S.V. Zulte Waregem|language=Dutch|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002333/http://www.essevee.be/nieuws.php?Article=1031|archivedate=24 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ntugharị ahụ mere ka Juventus nwee oke mbinye aka maka ndị na-abụghị ndị mba European Union (ọnụ ọgụgụ ọzọ sitere na Carlos Tevez&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fantagazzetta.com/archivio/24_07_2015/extracomunitari-tesserabili-la-situazione-delle-20-squadre-di-a-206870|title=Extracomunitari tesserabili: la situazione delle 20 squadre di A - Fantagazzetta.com|date=24 July 2015|accessdate=9 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170324085014/https://www.fantagazzetta.com/archivio/24_07_2015/extracomunitari-tesserabili-la-situazione-delle-20-squadre-di-a-206870|archivedate=24 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;), nke klọb ahụ mechara bịanye aka na Alex Sandro, onye gụrụ dị ka onye na-abụghị EU.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.record.xl.pt/futebol/nacional/1a-liga/porto/detalhe/atletico-madrid-volta-a-carga-por-alex-sandro-963242.html|title=Atlético Madrid volta à carga por Alex Sandro|date=19 July 2015|accessdate=25 August 2015|work=Jornal Record|language=Portuguese|archivedate=30 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930061222/http://www.record.xl.pt/futebol/nacional/1a-liga/porto/detalhe/atletico-madrid-volta-a-carga-por-alex-sandro-963242.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe mgbazinye ahụ gasịrị, Thiam laghachiri Juventus maka ogige ha tupu oge egwuregwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.juventus.com/en/news/news/2016/initial-pre-season-squad-confirmed-.php|title=Initial pre-season squad confirmed|date=5 July 2016|accessdate=14 August 2016|publisher=Juventus F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== PAOK (mgbazinye ) ====
Na 31 August 2016, Thiam sonyere PAOK na mgbazinye ego.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.paokfc.gr/nea/20160831-ston-paok-o-mame-thiam/|date=31 August 2016|accessdate=31 August 2016|publisher=PAOK FC|language=Greek|title=Archive copy|archivedate=13 September 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913181435/http://www.paokfc.gr/nea/20160831-ston-paok-o-mame-thiam/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Empoli (mgbazinye ) ====
Na 13 Jenụwarị 2017, Thiam bịanyere aka na Empoli na nkwekọrịta nwa oge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.empolicalcio.net/Benvenuto-Thiam.htm|title=Benvenuto Thiam|date=13 January 2017|accessdate=13 January 2017|publisher=Empoli F.C|language=Italian|archivedate=6 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206113048/http://www.empolicalcio.net/Benvenuto-Thiam.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nyere goolu megide AC Milan na 23 Eprel 2017, na-enye Empoli akara 3 dị mkpa maka agha ha site na relegation. Ọ gbakwara bọọlụ na agba ikpeazụ nke oge ahụ, nke Empoli meriri site n'ịda Palermo.

Mgbe mgbazinye  ahụ gasịrị, Thiam laghachiri Turin ọzọ maka ogige ha tupu oge egwuregwu. A kọrọ na ọ kagburu nkwekọrịta ya na Juventus na nkwenye nke ibe ya na Septemba 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.voetbalkrant.com/nl/nieuws/lees/2017-10-27/mame-baba-thiam-mogelijk-opnieuw-naar-de-jupiler|title=Gewezen spits in JPL verbreekt contract met Juve, Belgische clubs houden zich klaar|date=27 October 2017|accessdate=7 February 2018|work=voetbalkrant.com|language=Dutch}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Esteghlal ===
[[Usòrò:Thiam2018.jpg|thumb|Thiam n'oge izizi ya maka Esteghlal na 2018]]
Na 6 Febụwarị 208, Thiam bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta 1  1⁄2 afọ na Esteghlal mgbe ọ gafere nyocha ahụike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2018/02/06/1649044/former-juventus-striker-baba-thiam-to-join-iran-s-esteghlal|title=Former Juventus Striker Baba Thiam to Join Iran's Esteghlal|date=6 February 2018|accessdate=6 February 2018|publisher=[[Tasnim News Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; E kenyere ya uwe nọmba iri abụọ na ise ka ọ na-eyi na league, mana ọ họọrọ iyi nọmba 7 kachasị amasị ya na AFC Champions League ebe ọ bụ na-anọghị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ilna.ir/بخش-ورزشی-7/591480-شماره-پیراهن-بازیکنان-جدید-استقلال-مشخص-شد|date=7 February 2018|accessdate=8 February 2018|publisher=[[Iranian Labour News Agency|ILNA]]|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Thiam mere egwuregwu nke mbụ ya na 8 Febụwarị na mmeri 3–0 megide Sepidrood na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi anya Ali Ghorbani na nkeji 82.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ilna.ir/بخش-ورزشی-7/591902-گزارش-زنده-استقلال-سپیدرود-رشت|title=استقلال 3 - سپیدرود رشت 0 / خط و نشان آسیایی با غلبه بر جادوگر|date=8 February 2018|accessdate=8 February 2018|publisher=[[Iranian Labour News Agency|ILNA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ malitere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka Esteghlal na asọmpi Champions League megide Al-Hilal nke ọ bụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=AFC CHAMPIONS LEAGUE 2018 Group Stage|url=http://stats.the-afc.com/match_report/12875|work=www.the-afc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe mgbaru ọsọ ahụ bụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke 200 nke Esteghlal na akụkọ AFC Champions League ma ha ghọrọ ndị otu Iran mbụ ruru ọkwa ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/خبر/915345/استقلال-به-رکورد-200-گل-در-لیگ-قهرمانان-آسیا-رسید|date=20 February 2018|accessdate=21 February 2018|publisher=Tarafdari|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Esteghlal mechara merie 1–0 ma kpọọ Thiam Man of the Match maka arụmọrụ ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/خبر/915219/استقلال-1-0-الهلال-عربستان؛-مانور-قدرت-پسران-شفر-در-گروه-مرگ|date=20 February 2018|accessdate=21 February 2018|publisher=Tarafdari|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/خبر/915356/مامه-بابا-تیام-به-عنوان-بهترین-بازیکن-دیدار-استقلال-و-الهلال-عربستان-انتخاب-شد|date=20 February 2018|accessdate=21 February 2018|publisher=Tarafdari|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ụbọchị iri abụọ na anọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, Thiam meghere akaụntụ goolu ya na league site na mmeri 4–1 megide Foolad. O nyekwara aka maka ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọzọ na egwuregwu ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1507270/گزارش-بازی-فولاد-خوزستان-استقلال-تهران-05-12-96|title=فولاد 1- استقلال 4؛ ترسناک در آستانه دربی!|date=24 February 2018|accessdate=24 February 2018|publisher=Varzesh3}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ụbọchị nke isii n'ọnwa Maachị, o nyere goolu ọzọ n'asọmpi 2–2 nke ndị mmeri megide Al-Ain, a kpọkwara ya &quot;Man of the match&quot; nke ugboro abụọ n'usoro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.the-afc.com/competitions/afc-champions-league/latest/news/matchday-three-group-d-al-ain-v-esteghlal|title=Matchday Three - Group D: Al Ain 2-2 Esteghlal|date=6 March 2018|accessdate=9 March 2018|publisher=AFC}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1509966/تیام-بهترین-بازیکن-استقلال-و-العین-شد|date=6 March 2018|accessdate=9 March 2018|publisher=Varzesh 3|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 3 Mee, Thiam nyere naanị goolu Esteghlal iji merie Khooneh be Khooneh 1–0 na 2018 Hazfi Cup Final, na-emeri ọla ọcha mbụ ya na klọb ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1521638/گزارش-بازی-استقلال-و-خونه-به-خونه-فینال-جام-حذفی-تاریخ-1397-2-13|date=3 May 2018|accessdate=3 May 2018|publisher=Varzesh 3|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Mee, o nyere goolu mbụ ya na mmeri 3–1 megide Zob Ahan .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1524267/استقلال-3-ذوب-آهن-1-فرار-به-سوی-افتخار|date=15 May 2018|accessdate=15 May 2018|publisher=Varzesh 3|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe mgbaru ọsọ atọ ya mere ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ebute goolu na mba ọzọ na klọb ahụ, na-emeri ihe ndekọ Jlloyd Samuel nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ iri na otu n'ụbọchị ọnwụ ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/node/977201|date=15 May 2018|accessdate=16 May 2018|publisher=Tarafdari|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ihi arụmọrụ ya, a kpọrọ ya onye egwuregwu ụkwụ nke abụọ nke iri na isii n'izu ma tinye ya na agba nke iri na isii nke izu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=TOYOTA PLAYER OF THE WEEK {{!}} AFC|url=http://www.the-afc.com/competitions/afc-champions-league/sponsor/playeroftheweek/|work=www.the-afc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://twitter.com/TheAFCCL/status/997084337311895553|title=Presenting the #ACL2018 Team of the Week! What a lineup!|publisher=[[Twitter]]|date=17 May 2018|accessdate=18 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/node/978182|date=17 May 2018|accessdate=18 May 2018|publisher=Tarafdari|language=Persian}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thiam ji goolu iri na abụọ mechie oge ya n'asọmpi niile n'ime egwuregwu iri na atọ, klọb ahụ mechara nke atọ na league n'oge ahụ.

=== Ajman ===
Na 8 Ọgọstụ 2018, Thiam sonyere ndị otu UAE Ajman site na Esteghlal FC na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ maka ego a na-akọwaghị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BmObJGEggGD|publisher=[[Instagram]]|language=Arabic|date=8 August 2018|accessdate=8 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.albayan.ae/sports/emirates/2018-08-09-1.3331726|date=8 August 2018|accessdate=9 August 2018|publisher=[[Al Bayan (newspaper)|Al Bayan]]|language=Arabic}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thiam mere egwuregwu izizi ya na klọb ahụ n'ụbọchị iri atọ nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ, na mmeri 1–0 nke Al-Nasr nke o nyere goolu mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.albayan.ae/sports/emirates/2018-08-30-1.3345720|date=30 August 2018|accessdate=1 October 2018|publisher=[[Al Bayan (newspaper)|Al Bayan]]|language=Arabic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kasımpaşa ===
Na 24 June 2019, Thiam sonyeere Turkish Süper Lig n'akụkụ Kasımpaşa na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kasimpasa.com.tr/tr/haberler/kulupten-haberler/mame-baba-kasimpasamizda_4559.html|title=Mame Baba Kasımpaşamızda|date=24 June 2019|accessdate=24 June 2019|work=Kasımpaşa}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere egwuregwu izizi ya na klọb ahụ na 18 Ọgọstụ megide Trabzonspor .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.haberturk.com/kasimpasa-trabzonspor-maci-canli-yayin-kasimpasa-trabzonspor-maci-saat-kacta-hangi-kanalda-2514127-spor|title=Kasımpaşa: 1 - Trabzonspor: 1|date=18 August 2019|accessdate=25 August 2019|publisher=[[Habertürk]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'egwuregwu sochirinụ, o nyere goolu mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ na mmeri 4–1 megide Alanyaspor .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sporx.com/alanyaspor-kasimpasa-karsisinda-sov-yapti-SXHBQ797383SXQ|title=Alanyaspor, Kasımpaşa karşisinda şov yapti|date=24 August 2019|accessdate=25 August 2019|publisher=[[Habertürk]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Fenerbahçe ===
Na 18 Ọgọstụ 2020, Thiam sonyeere klọb Süper Lig Fenerbahçe na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fenerbahce.org/haberler/futbol/2020/8/mame-thiam-fenerbahcemizde|title=MAME THIAM FENERBAHÇEMİZDE|date=18 August 2020|accessdate=19 August 2020|work=Fenerbahçe}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kayserispor ===
N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2021 onye egwuregwu bọọlụ [[Eluàlà|Afrịka]] bịanyere aka na Central Anatolian n'akụkụ Kayserispor na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/futbol/kayserispor-mame-thiam-ile-3-yillik-sozlesme-imzaladi-/2344934|title=Kayserispor Mame Thiam ile 3 yıllık sözleşme imzaladı|date=24 August 2021|accessdate=18 January 2021|work=[[Anadolu Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Thiam bu ụzọ nọchite anya ndị otu mba Senegal na mmeri enyi na enyi 3–1 nke [[Morocco]] na 9 Ọktoba 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://uk.soccerway.com/matches/2020/10/09/world/friendlies/morocco/senegal/3369317/|title=Morocco vs. Senegal - 9 October 2020 - Soccerway|work=uk.soccerway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọnụọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Ọdịdị na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental1
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Avellino
|2011–12
|Lega Pro
|26
|4
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|4
|-
|Südtirol
|2012–13
|Lega Pro
|29
|6
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|6
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Virtus Lanciano
|2013–14
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Serie B
|22
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|23
|3
|-
|2014–15
|34
|8
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|36
|9
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!56
!11
!3
!1
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!59
!12
|-
|Zulte Waregem
|2015–16
|Njikọ Pro nke Belgium
|28
|9
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|29
|9
|-
|PAOK
|2016–17
|Super League Gris
|1
|0
|2
|0
|5
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|0
|-
|Empoli
|2016–17
|Serie A
|15
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|15
|1
|-
|Esteghlal
|2017–18
|Persian Gulf Pro League
|6
|4
|1
|1
|6
|7
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|13
|12
|-
|Ajman
|2018–19
|UAE Pro-League
|26
|13
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|13
|-
|Kasımpaşa
|2019–20
|Süper Lig
|25
|11
|3
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|12
|-
|Fenerbahçe
|2020–21
|Süper Lig
|29
|6
|4
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|33
|8
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ngụkọta ọrụ
!231
!63
!18
!5
!11
!7
!0
!0
!260
!75
|}
&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;small&gt;Gụnyere&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;Europa League&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;na&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;AFC Champions League&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;egwuregwu&lt;/small&gt;.

== Nsọpụrụ na Nkwanye ugwu ==
'''Esteghlal'''

*
* Hazfi Cup: 2017–18

'''Senegal'''

* Iko mba Afrịka: 2021&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/liverpool/news/africa-cup-of-nations-senegal-beat-egypt-to-win-final-afcon|title=Africa Cup Of Nations: Senegal Beat Egypt To Win Final (AFCON)|publisher=Sports Illustrated|date=6 February 2022|accessdate=6 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==

[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
      <sha1>03h9nv80aiixtxd2laiexleuuzvaupo</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Uzee Usman</title>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-23T16:06:43Z</timestamp>
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        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>87</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Uzee_Usman_Portrait.jpg|Uzee_Usman_Portrait.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Yann|Yann]] because: per [[:c:COM:NETCOPYVIO|]].</comment>
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      <text bytes="7398" sha1="ok9yougoei7jtozzir1ay0q0atl14ro" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}
 
[[Category:Articles with hCards]]
'''Uzee Usman Adeyemi''' (a mụrụ na Nọvemba 11, 1986) bụ onye na-eme ejije na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri na Naijiria nke a maara maka ihe nkiri ya ''Oga Abuja'' .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-02-19|title=Uzee Usman: I chose to be link between Nollywood, Kannywood|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/uzee-usman-i-chose-to-be-link-between-nollywood-kannywood/|accessdate=2022-03-15|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/140752-kannywood-nollywood-comedy-oga-abuja-now-on-sale.html|title=Kannywood, Nollywood comedy, 'Oga Abuja,' now on sale|work=[[Premium Times]]|author=Lere|first=Mohammed|date=July 11, 2013|accessdate=February 13, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikike ya maka ijikọta [[Nollywood]] na Kannywood riteere ya ọtụtụ onyinye na nkwanye ùgwù gụnyere Young Entrepreneur of the Year n'afọ 2016 National Heritage Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/daily-trust/20140502/282007555401288|title=PressReader.com – Connecting People Through News|author=|date=|work=www.pressreader.com|accessdate=February 14, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvcontinental.tv/2016/05/07/emeka-ike-uzee-usman-others-honoured-national-heritage-award/|title=Emeka Ike, Uzee Usman, others honoured at the national heritage award – COMPLETE ENTERTAINMENT|author=|date=May 7, 2016|work=tvcontinental.tv|accessdate=February 14, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mmalite ndụ ==
Uzee Usman si na [[Ȯra Kwara|Kwara Steeti]], a mụrụ ya o tolitekwa na Kaduna, [[Kaduna]] Steeti. O nwere akara ugo mmụta abụọ na Political Science na English Language na Mahadum nke Abuja nakwa Mahadum nke Jos n'otu n'otu tupu ọ gaa n'ihu ịmụ Special Effects na South Africa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=I can stay for three months without sex – Uzee Usman, actor|url=https://www.sunnewsonline.com/i-can-stay-for-three-months-without-sex-uzee-usman-actor/|work=The Sun Nigeria|accessdate=2 July 2021|date=22 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
[[Usòrò:Uzee Usman on set.jpg|thumb|Uzee Usman on set.]]
Uzee Usman malitere ọrụ ya n'afọ 2003 dịka onye na-ese ihe ntecha mma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/uzee-from-makeup-artist-to-film-director.html|title=Uzee: From makeup artist to film director|date=24 April 2018|accessdate=6 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2013, ọ banyere n'ime ihe nkiri ma mepụta ihe nkiri nwetara mmeri ihe nrite, ma na Kannywood ma na [[nollywood]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/153150-brought-john-okafor-nkem-owoh-kannywood-usman-uzee.html|title=I brought John Okafor, Nkem Owoh to Kannywood – Usman Uzee|author=Lere Mohammed|date=January 11, 2014|accessdate=February 13, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; gụnyere ''Oga Abuja'', nke meriri Best Hausa Movie of the Year n'afọ 2013 City People Entertainment Awards; na ''Maja'' nke meriri Best Film of the Year (Kannywood) n'afọ 2014 City People Entertainment Awards ma bụrụ onye a họpụtara na Best Picture category n'afọ 2014 Nigeria Entertainment Awards.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/mary-uranta-yul-edochie-wizkid-jackie-appiah-john-dumelo-biggest-winners-at-city-people-awards/|title=Mary Uranta, Yul Edochie, Wizkid, Jackie Appiah, John Dumelo biggest winners at City People Awards|author=thenet|date=July 17, 2013|work=thenet.ng|accessdate=February 14, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-davido-accident-hoays-tiwa-top-nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-nominees-list-id2882630.html|title=Nigerian Entertainment Awards 2014|publisher=Pulse|date=25 November 2014|accessdate=14 February 2018|archivedate=8 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708104900/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-davido-accident-hoays-tiwa-top-nigerian-entertainment-awards-2014-nominees-list-id2882630.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nrite ==
Ihe nrite nke Uzee Usman natara.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Afọ
!Ihe nrite
!Category
!Ihe nkiri
!Nsonaazụ
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2008
|Africa Movie Academy Awards
|''Best Make up''
|London Boy&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Lere|first=Mohammed|title=I brought John Okafor, Nkem Owoh to Kannywood – Usman Uzee {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/153150-brought-john-okafor-nkem-owoh-kannywood-usman-uzee.html|work=Premium Times|accessdate=2 July 2021|date=11 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| {{Won}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2013
|City People Entertainment Awards
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma nke afọ - ''Kannywood''
|Oga Abuja
| {{Won}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2014
|[[Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma nke afọ
|Oga Abuja
| {{Won}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2014
|City People Entertainment Awards
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma nke afọ - ''Kannywood''
|Maja
| {{Won}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2016
|African Hollywood Awards&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/kannywood/214643-hadiza-gabon-usman-uzee-honoured-african-hollywood-awards.html|title=Hadiza Gabon, Usman Uzee honoured at African Hollywood Awards|work=[[Premium Times]]|author=Lere|first=Mohammed|date=November 6, 2016|accessdate=February 13, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Onye Mmepụta Ihe nkiri kacha mma
|Oga Abuja
| {{Won}}
|}

== Ihe nkiri ==
Ndepụta ihe nkiri nke Uzee Usman
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Afọ
!Aha
!Ọrụ
!Ụdị
|-
|2015
|''Oga Abuja''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2015
|''Maja''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2016
|''Okpokoro Ọchịchịrị''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2016
|''Ike nke Echi''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|2016
|''Hassana da Hussaina''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2015
|''Har da mijina''
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
| 2019
|''Muqabala (Oge 1&amp;2)''
|Emepụtara na Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2016
|''Red Line''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|
|''Ezigbo Affy''
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|2017
|''Ọ bụrụ na m bụ onye isi ala''
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye mmepụta akara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|2018
|''Lagos Real Fake Life''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|2018
|''Mustapha''
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|2019
|'Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ zuru oke
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2019
|''Ihe a na-atụghị anya ya''
|Emepụtara na Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2019
|''Maimuna''
|Emepụtara na Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2018
|''Sharo''
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|2020
|''Ezi Nwa amaala''
|Emepụtara
|Ihe nkiri
|-
|  2021
|''Enweghị olu''
|Onye Mmepụta
|Ihe nkiri&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=ADA ABRAHAM|first=s ANTHONY ADA ABRAHAM|title=Piracy Is Sinking Northern Movie Industry – Uzee Usman|url=https://leadership.ng/piracy-is-sinking-northern-movie-industry-uzee-usman/|work=Leadership News - Nigeria News, Breaking News, Politics and more|accessdate=2 July 2021|date=20 March 2021|archivedate=12 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712072302/https://leadership.ng/piracy-is-sinking-northern-movie-industry-uzee-usman/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri Naịjirịa
* Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Naịjirịa

== Edemsibịa ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* {{IMDb name|nm10217931}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>LucFosther Diop</title>
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'''Lucas Fotsing Takou''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1980), nke a maara dị ka '''LucFosther Diop''', bụ onye Cameroon na-ese ihe, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye ọchụnta ego. Dị ka onye na-ese ihe, a maara ya nke ọma maka eserese ya, collages, arụmọrụ na ihe nkiri na-enyocha mmetụta na-aga n'ihu nke ọdịda anyanwụ neocolonialism na imperialism n'ime ọnọdụ nke oge a nke ụwa.
[[Usòrò:LucFosther_Diop.jpg|thumb|LucFosther Diop]]

== Mmalite ndụ na ọrụ ==
A mụrụ LucFosther Diop na 1980 na Douala . Mgbe ọ dị obere na-enwe mmekọrịta siri ike karịsịa ya na nna ya, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, o si n'ụlọ ezinụlọ ya dị na Douala kwaga n'ụlọ nwanne nna ya nọ na Bafoussam (mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke Cameroon) ebe o nwetara diplọma ya nke sekọndrị na 2000. Mgbe ahụ, ọ gara mụọ nka na Yaoundé ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke nka na Mahadum Yaounde 1 na 2003. Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị onyinye site na Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs na 2009, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ afọ abụọ na Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten na Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Ọ bụ onye mbụ na-ese ihe na-erite uru site na onyinye obibi na ArtBakery (Bonendale, Douala, Cameroon) na 2003, na MTN Cameroon Foundation (Douala) na 2007 na nyocha nka dijitalụ na mmepụta Unesco-Aschberg award maka French Africa na 2013.

Diop gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'oge 3rd OK Video International Festival, National Gallery of Indonesia na Jakarta (2007), World One Minute Video, Today Art Museum na Beijing (2008), 2nd Thessaloniki Biennial (2009), International Symposium on Electronic Arts (ISEA) 2010, PHotoEspaña (2011), Havana biennial (2012) na 18th International Contemporary Art Festival SESC_Videobrasil, 2013.

== Ọrụ ==
LucFosther Diop malitere ime eserese na oghere nke akwụkwọ ya n'efu na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị dị ka ihe ntụrụndụ. Ọnọdụ ezinụlọ ya siri ike na-etolite n'ime ya àgwà ịnọ naanị ya siri ike. Ọ naghị enwe mmetụta nke igwu egwu dị ka ụmụaka ndị ọzọ ma na-etinye oge ya n'ịgbalị imepụtagharị ihe oyiyi ndị dị gburugburu. Mgbe o nwetasịrị nkwado ego nke onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na 1993, ọ zụtara agba, brushes na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ maka ndị mbido. Mgbe ahụ malite ime eserese, ifuru na odida obodo n'ụzọ ezi uche dị na ya. LucFosther nọchitere anya ụlọ akwụkwọ ya na mahadum ọtụtụ oge na asọmpi nka n'etiti 1995 na 2003. Ọ malitere n'ezie ịbịakwute ngwá ọrụ ihe nkiri. na ArtBakery ebe ọ mụtara ọtụtụ ihe banyere nka nke oge a wee malite ịzụlite usoro ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe. Taa, na-akwado echiche uri, LucFosther Diop na-emepe ọrụ nyocha banyere ọchịchị na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọdịbendị, akụkọ ihe mere eme, mpaghara, akụ na ụba na obodo mepere emepe. Nnyocha a dabere na nnwale dijitalụ na mgbasa ozi site na foto, collage, eserese, vidiyo, ntinye aka na-adịghị adịte aka, arụmọrụ vidiyo, akwụkwọ emegharị na faịlụ ndị a hụrụ na weebụ na ntụgharị nke ihe ọdịnaya ha pụtara. Ọ na-akpọ ọrụ ndị a &quot;virtual made&quot; ma ọ bụ &lt;nowiki&gt;'neo ready made'&lt;/nowiki&gt; ma nwee obi ụtọ n'ezie na ọrụ Marcel Duchamp, Alfredo Jaar, Olga Kisseleva, William Kentridge, Mona Hatoum, Pascal Kenfack, Goddy Leye, [[Bob Marley]], [[Fela Kuti]], Youssou Ndour na Richard Bona. LucFosther Diop bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe na ihe nkiri 'OF AMSTERDAM' nke Catarina Neves Ricci duziri n'afọ 2012.

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ / ihe ngosi ==

* 'The Southern Panoramas International Contemporary Art', São Paulo, [[Brazil|Brasil]], 18th International Contemporary Art Festival SESC_Videobrasil, 2013.
* 'Sanaa ya Makaratasi - African Paper Art: Process, Substance and Environment', Nairobi National Museum, Nairobi, 2012.
* 'Art Practices and Social Imaginaries', 11 Havana biennial, Havana, 2012.
* 'Face Contact. Portrait and Communication', Iberia Art Center, Beijing, 2012.
* 'Face Contact. Portrait and Communication', Teatro Fernán Gómez, PHotoEspaña-International Photography and Visual Arts Festival, Madrid, 2011.
* 'Modernité + Résistances/Aux souffles du Monde', 3rd World Festival of Black Arts, Dakar, 2010.
* 'A Media Lab in Africa', 16th International Symposium on Electronic Art (ISEA), Dortmund, Essen, Duisburg, 2010.
* 'Ceci produit Cela', Espace Doual'art, Douala, Cameroon, 2010
* 'Open Studio 2010', Rijksakademie Van Beeldende Kunsten, Amsterdam, 2010.
* 'Open Studio 2009', Rijksakademie Van Beeldende Kunsten, Amsterdam, 2009.
* 'Identity:Imagined State', Centre for Contemporary Art, Lagos, 2009.
* 'Premier Festival International d' Art Contemporain', Museum of Modern Art of Algiers, Algeria, 2009.
* 'Traits Complices', Galerie Beatrice Binoche, Saint Denis-La Reunion, 2009.
* 'Ongekeng Young masters@action', Hendrikkade 33, Amsterdam, 2009.
* '2nd Thessaloniki Biennial of Contemporary Art', State Museum of Contemporary Art, Thessaloniki, 2009.
* 'The World One Minutes Videos', Today Art Museum, Beijing, 2008.
* '3rd Jakarta International Video Festival', National Gallery of Indonesia, Jakarta, 2007.
* 'Art Convention', Signature Gallery, Douala, 2005.
* 'Ọpụpụ', Espace Doual'art, Douala, Cameroon, 2004.
* 'Aesthetic of the Reduced Form', Goethe Institut, Yaoundé, 2001.
* 'Portes ouvertes', Espace Doual'art, Douala, Cameroon, 2000.

== Ihe nkiri / vidiyo ndị a họọrọ ==

* 'Around and Around', HD, 6', 2005–2014.
* 'Game of Hope', HD, 4'54', 2007–2014.
* 'Inner Transition', HD, 1', 2007–2014.
* 'From the shadow ship to the sky ship', HD, 2013.
* 'Oops-sessions', HD, 2013.
* 'Vitruvian World', HD, 1', 2010.
* 'Flying Hand Flags', HD, 2'23, 2010.
* 'Anyị bụ Otu', HD, 5'38', 2009–2010.
* 'Attitudes', HD, 5'10', 2009–2010.
* 'Ma Danse Bafia', HD, 1', 2007.
* 'Introversion', HD, 2'52', 2007.

== Ihe nrite ==

* FAAP Residency Award, The Southern Panoramas International Contemporary Art, 18th International Contemporary Art Festival SESC_Videobrasil, 2013.
* UNESCO / Aschberg Award, CALQ na Ville de Québec Grant, LA CHAMBRE BLANCHE, Quebec, 2013.
* Rijksakademie Residency Scholarship, Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs (ICE), Amsterdam, NL, 2010.
* Rijksakademie Residency Scholarship, Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs /DCO/IC, Amsterdam, NL, 2009.
* MTNC Foundation Residency Grant, MTNC Foundation, Douala, Cameroon, 2007.
* EXITOUR Travel Grant, Art Moves Africa, Brussels, Belgium, 2006.
* Portfolio Program Residency Grant, ArtBakery, Douala, Cameroon, 2003.
* UNIFAC Third Prize (Painting), University Festival of Arts and Culture, Buea, Cameroon, 2002.
* FOMARIC First Prize (Painting), Foire Musicale Artistique Industrielle et Commerciale, Douala, Cameroon, 1997.
* FOMARIC Second Prize (Painting), Foire Musicale Artistique Industrielle et Commerciale, Douala, Cameroon, 1996.

== Ndetu ==

* http://www.e-flux.com/announcements/southern-panoramas-winners-announced/
* http://www.africultures.com/php/index.php?nav=article&amp;no=11709
* http://www.ccalagos.org/archive/identity-an-imagined-state
* http://www.artdaily.org/index.asp?int_sec=2&amp;int_new=47878#.UeIgLY7WSIQ
* https://web.archive.org/web/20190527201322/https://www.rijksakademie.nl/NL/kunstenaars/alumni?list=D
* https://web.archive.org/web/20220527195257/https://mama-dz.com/art-algerie/artistesDetails/67
* https://web.archive.org/web/20160801001644/http://www.isea2010ruhr.org/conference/tuesday-24-august-2010-dortmund/workshop-a-media-lab-in-africa
* http://ruangrupa.org/home/archive02.html

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.lucfostherdiop.com LucFosther Diop's official website]
{{authority control}}
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    <title>Muaaz Al-Quoz</title>
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'''Muaaz Abdelraheem Gesmallah Abdelrahman''' (amụrụ n'ụbọchị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1989) bụ onye Sudan na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka Khartoum NC na ndị otu bọọlụ mba Sudan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Muaaz Al-Quoz Profile|url=https://www.footballdatabase.eu/en/player/details/303172-moaaz_abdelraheem-al_quoz|accessdate=30 November 2021|work=Football Database EU}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Maaz Abdelrahim - Profile with news, career statistics and history|url=https://gh.soccerway.com/players/maaz--abdelrahim-gesalla/681245/|accessdate=30 November 2021|work=Soccerway|archivedate=1 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201014454/https://gh.soccerway.com/players/maaz--abdelrahim-gesalla/681245/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=|first=|title=Muaaz Al-Quoz Profile|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/54327/Muaaz_Al_Quoz.html|accessdate=1 December 2021|work=National Football Teams}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}
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    <title>Mustard (record producer)</title>
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'''Dijon Isaiah McFarlane''' (amụrụ na June 5, 1990), nke a maara dịka Mustard (nke a makwaara dị ka '''DJ Mustard'''), bụ ónyé America na-emepụta ihe ndekọ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ ónyé na-arụkọ ọrụ ugboro ugboro na ndị na-ese ihe na [[California]] YG na Ty Dolla Sign; n'etiti ihe ndekọ ndị ọzọ dị iche iche màkà ụdị hip hop na R&amp;B kemgbe ọ banyéré n'egwú ndị a ma ama na egwu Tyga nke afọ 2011, &quot;Rack City&quot;.

A kọwaala ụdị mmepụta Mustard dị ka ụdị up-tempo, klọb-oriented, na-adọrọ mmasị ma ọ bụ ụdị hip hop. Ụdị a emeela ka ọ bụrụ ụdị mmepụta nke oge a nke West Coast hip hop n'oge mmalite afọ 2010, nke ọ na-akpọ &quot;egwú ratchet&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;swaysuniverse1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=DJ Mustard talks Ratchet Movement|url=http://www.swaysuniverse.com/music-news-2/dj-mustard-talks-ratchet-movement|publisher=Sway's Universe|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001104426/http://www.swaysuniverse.com/music-news-2/dj-mustard-talks-ratchet-movement|archivedate=2013-10-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DJ Mustard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.complexmag.ca/music/2012/10/25-new-producers-to-watch-out-for/dj-mustard|title=DJ Mustard|publisher=Complex|date=Nov 5, 2012|accessdate=28 August 2013|archivedate=24 September 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924224614/https://www.complex.com/ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Andrew Noz&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thefader.com/2012/08/20/beat-construction-dj-mustard/|title=Beat Construction: DJ Mustard|publisher=Fader|accessdate=28 August 2013|author=Andrew Noz}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;William E. Ketchum III&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/interviews/id.1931/title.producers-corner-dj-mustard-explains-the-ratchet-movement-the-weirdest-place-hes-heard-rack-city|title=Producer's Corner: DJ Mustard Explains The Ratchet Movement, The Weirdest Place He's Heard &quot;Rack City&quot;|publisher=HiphopDX|date=July 19, 2012|accessdate=28 August 2013|author=William E. Ketchum III|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321220430/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/interviews/id.1931/title.producers-corner-dj-mustard-explains-the-ratchet-movement-the-weirdest-place-hes-heard-rack-city|archivedate=21 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmepụta ya niile na-amalite ma ọ bụ na-ejedebe na mkpado &quot;Mustard on the beat, ho!&quot;, ihe atụ olu nke YG, ónyé na-ekwu ya na njedebe nke &quot;M dị mma&quot;, otu n'ime mmekorita mbụ ha, yana áká na ikwughachi ókwú &quot;hey&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2019722/dj-mustard-best-beats-2014/|title=We Ranked All 63 DJ Mustard Beats From 2014|work=[[MTV]]|accessdate=1 July 2016|archivedate=24 June 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624003642/http://www.mtv.com/news/2019722/dj-mustard-best-beats-2014/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2014/02/the-20-best-dj-mustard-tracks/yg-im-good|title=YG &quot;I'm Good&quot; - The 20 Best DJ Mustard Tracks - Complex|author=David Drake|work=Complex|accessdate=9 March 2015|archivedate=16 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516232854/http://www.complex.com/music/2014/02/the-20-best-dj-mustard-tracks/yg-im-good}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ McFarlane na Los Angeles, [[California]] na nné na nnà Jamaican. N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2013 ya na magazin The Fader, o kwùrù na a chụgara nna ya na Jamaica mgbe ọ dị obere, mana na ha ka na-akpọtụrụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2013/11/20/interview-dj-mustard|title=Interview: DJ Mustard LA's club king makes friends in New York.|author=Turner|first=Nathaneal|date=20 November 2013|publisher=The Fader magazine|accessdate=20 May 2019|quote=He was like my father figure, because my dad got deported when I was young. My dad lives in Jamaica now. I talk to him sometimes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbè McFarlane dị afọ iri na otu, nwanne nna ya, onye bụ nne na nna na onye DJ, hapụrụ ya DJ na oriri ezinụlọ. Ọ nwetara aha DJ ya site na condiment dijon mustard n'ihi na aha mbụ ya bụkwa Dijon. Ọ malitere DJing karịa ka ọ na-etolite, ma bụrụ onye maara nke ọma na ọrụ ahụ nke dugara ya na DJing na klọb ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ.

== Ọrụ ==
[[Usòrò:DJ_Mustard_Concert_With_Lasers.jpeg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|Egwuregwu DJ Mustard]]
N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Sway's Universe, DJ Mustard kọwara mmekọrịta azụmahịa ya na onye na-eti egwu West coast YG. Kemgbe mixtape nke abụọ nke YG The Real 4Fingaz, ọ mepụtara na mixtapes ya niile.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=YG - The Real 4Fingaz|url=http://www.datpiff.com/YG-The-Real-4Fingaz-mixtape.118174.html|publisher=datpiff|accessdate=2022-07-04|archivedate=2015-03-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316084810/http://www.datpiff.com/YG-The-Real-4Fingaz-mixtape.118174.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Amalitere m na-akụ màkà YG; ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ mere ịkụ m. Amalitere m na ya, yabụ na anyị ime mixtape dị mfe. Anyị mepụtara ụda ịgba egwú a. Ọ na-adị m ka anyị ji ya ụgwọ n'okporo ámá ma anyị anaghị akwụsị. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;swaysuniverse1&quot;/&gt; DJ Mustard emepụtala égwu YG dịka &quot;Bitches Ain't Shit&quot; nke gosipụtara ndị rapper Tyga na Nipsey Hussle, na &quot;You Broke&quot; nke gosipụtakwara Nipsey Hassle. N'afọ 2010, DJ Mustard wepụtara abọm nchịkọta na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na ndị omenkà dị iche iche site na akara Thump Records nke a kpọrọ Let's Jerk aha ya bụ aha égwu okporo ámá a na-akpọ jerking na Los Angeles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lets Jerk album|url=https://www.amazon.com/DJ-Mustard-Presents-Lets-Jerk/dp/B003SS5M86|publisher=Amazon}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Ndepụta nke abọm, na ọkwa chaatị ahọpụtara
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:12em;&quot; |Aha ya
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! colspan=&quot;7&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ọnọdụ chaatị kachasị elu
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|-
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! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em;font-size:90%;&quot; |USRap&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;br id=&quot;mwARU&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em;font-size:90%;&quot; |AUS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.auspop.com.au/2019/07/aria-chart-watch-532/|title=ARIA Chart Watch #532|publisher=auspOp|date=July 6, 2019|accessdate=July 6, 2019|archivedate=July 6, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706073144/https://www.auspop.com.au/2019/07/aria-chart-watch-532/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em;font-size:90%;&quot; |CAN&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fyimusicnews.ca/fyi-charts/billboard-canadian-albums|title=Billbord Canadian Albums|work=FYIMusicNews|date=13 March 2017|accessdate=July 9, 2019|archivedate=10 July 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710154549/https://www.fyimusicnews.ca/fyi-charts/billboard-canadian-albums}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em;font-size:90%;&quot; |NOR&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.vglista.no/topplister/topp-40-album-2020-02/|title=VG-lista – Topp 40 Album uke 2, 2020|publisher=[[VG-lista]]|accessdate=January 11, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em;font-size:90%;&quot; |NZ&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=4668|title=NZ Top 40 Albums Chart|publisher=[[Recorded Music NZ]]|date=July 8, 2019|accessdate=July 5, 2019|archivedate=July 5, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705052220/https://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums%3Fchart%3D4668}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''10 Oge okpomọkụ''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2014/04/dj-mustard-announces-title-of-new-album|work=Complex Music|title=DJ Mustard Announces the Title of His New Album|date=April 28, 2014|first=Justin|author=Davis}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
* E wepụtara ya: August 11, 2014&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2014/07/dj-mustards-new-album-10-summers-will-feature-lil-wayne-big-sean-jeezy/|title=DJ Mustard's New Album '10 Summers' Will Be Available For Free On August 12 - XXL|accessdate=1 July 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Érèkọbalà|Label: Pu$haz Ink, [[Roc Nation]], [[Republic Records|Republic]]}}
* Ụdị: CD, nbudata dijitalụ
|143
|20
|14
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! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''Oge Okpomọkụ''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dj-mustard-shares-cold-summer-tracklist-with-yg-young-thug-meek-mill-and-more-news.24007.html?|title=Cold Summer by DJ Mustard|author=Walker|first=Angus|date=September 9, 2016|work=Encyclopedia of Things|accessdate=September 10, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
* A tọhapụrụ ya: Septemba 16, 2016
* {{Érèkọbalà|Label: Pu$haz Ink, Roc Nation, Republic}}
* Ụdị: CD, nbudata dijitalụ
|Ọdịdị
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! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''Ghetto'' (ya &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;na&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;RJMrLA&lt;/span&gt;)
|
* A tọhapụrụ ya: Disemba 15, 2017
* Akara: 10 Oge okpomọkụ, Interscope
* Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ
|Ọdịdị
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! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''Iri Zuru Okpu''
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* A tọhapụrụ ya: June 28, 2019
* Akara: 10 Oge okpomọkụ, Interscope
* Ụdị: Ịgba egwu, nbudata dijitalụ
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* RIAA: Platinum
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| colspan=&quot;10&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; |&quot;X&quot; na-egosi ihe ndekọ nke na-enweghị chaatị ma ọ bụ nke a na-ewepụtaghị na mpaghara ahụ.
|}

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Lagos State Governor</title>
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{{Databox}}'''Gọvanọ Lagos Steeti''' bụ onye isi nke [[Gọọmenti nke Lagos Steeti|Gọmentị]] Lagos Steeti.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.africa-confidential.com/whos-who-profile/id/2727/Babatunde_Fashola|title=Governor Babatunde Raji Fashola|work=africa-confidential.com|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Gọvanọ ahụ na-eduzi ngalaba nchịkwa nke [[Ȯra Lagos|Gọmentị Steeti Lagos]].
Ọnọdụ a na-etinye onye nwe ya na ndu nke steeti nwere ikike nchịkwa n'ihe omume steeti. A na-akọwa Gọvanọ ugboro ugboro dị ka nwa amaala nke steeti ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/again-cacol-petitions-efcc-to-investigate-lagos-state-government/204598/|title=Again, CACOL Petitions EFCC to Investigate Lagos State Government, Articles - THISDAY LIVE|work=thisdaylive.com|accessdate=17 April 2015|archivedate=18 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418015121/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/again-cacol-petitions-efcc-to-investigate-lagos-state-government/204598/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/01/22/lagos-state-government-orders-jonathans-campaign-posters-removed/|title=Lagos State Government orders Jonathan's campaign posters removed - DailyPost Nigeria|work=DailyPost Nigeria|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2014/09/29/lagos-state-government-seizes-september-salaries-doctors-second-month-row|title=Lagos State Government Seizes September Salaries Of Doctors For The Second Month In A Row|work=Sahara Reporters|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Akụkụ nke Abụọ nke Iwu Naịjirịa na-enye ikike nchịkwa nke steeti na gọvanọ ma na-ebo ya ebubo na ọ na-emezu iwu steeti, yana ibu ọrụ nke ịhọpụta ndị isi steeti, ndị nnọchiteanya, ndị na-achịkwa, na ndị ọrụ ikpe n'okpuru nkwado nke [[Ụlọ omeiwu nke Lagos steeti|ndị otu]] Assembly.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/lg-election-and-governors-veto-power/|title=LG election and governors' veto power|work=Newswatch Times|accessdate=17 April 2015|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20150417225430/http://www.mynewswatchtimesng.com/lg-election-and-governors-veto-power/|archivedate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ike na ọrụ ==

=== Ọrụ iwu ===
Ike mbụ Iwu ahụ nyere gọvanọ bụ veto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B6jrE5CBhl0C&amp;q=Governor+of+Lagos+with+Veto+power&amp;pg=PA40|title=A Constitutional History of Nigeria|isbn=9780905838793|accessdate=17 April 2015|author=Nwabueze|first=Benjamin Obi|year=1982}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nkwupụta ahụ chọrọ ka ụlọ omebe iwu ọ bụla nke Lagos Steeti House of Assembly ga-enye gọvanọ tupu ọ ghọọ iwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6vL5HfHto8C&amp;q=Governor+of+Lagos+with+Veto+power&amp;pg=PA280|title=Nigeria|work=google.co.uk|year=1982|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ozugbo e gosipụtara iwu ahụ, gọvanọ nwere nhọrọ atọ:

# bịanye aka na iwu ahụ; iwu ahụ wee ghọọ iwu.
# Na-emegide iwu ahụ ma weghachite ya n'[[Ụlọ omeiwu nke Lagos steeti|ụlọ]] nzukọ steeti na-ekwupụta ihe ọ bụla; iwu ahụ abụghị iwu, ọ gwụla ma onye otu ụlọ ahụ na-atụ vootu iji jiri ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ mebie veto ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZOgdDZlJqG8C&amp;q=Governor+of+Lagos+with+Veto+power&amp;pg=PA280|title=Nigeria|isbn=9780520020702|accessdate=17 April 2015|author=Coleman|first=James Smoot|date=January 1958}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ike nchịkwa ===
A na-eme Gọvanọ ka ọ bụrụ naanị ebe nchekwa nke ikike nchịkwa nke Lagos Steeti, na ike e nyere ya yana ọrụ ndị a na-enye ya dị egwu n'ezie.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/06/lagos-cabinet-fashola’s-list-tears-acn-apart/|title=Lagos cabinet-Fashola's list tears ACN apart|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=18 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Gọvanọ bụ onye isi nke ngalaba nchịkwa nke gọmentị steeti ma bụrụ onye iwu kwadoro &quot;ilezi anya na a na-eme iwu ndị ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi&quot;.
Gọvanọ na-eme ọtụtụ nhọpụta nke ngalaba ndị isi: ndị kọmishọna na ndị ọrụ steeti ndị ọzọ, bụ ndị gọvanọ na'okpuru nkwado nke [[Ụlọ omeiwu nke Lagos steeti|nzukọ steeti]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/lagos-cabinet-fashola-submits-37-names-to-assembly/93964/|title=Lagos Cabinet: Fashola Submits 37 Names to Assembly , Articles - THISDAY LIVE|work=thisdaylive.com|accessdate=17 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416183314/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/lagos-cabinet-fashola-submits-37-names-to-assembly/93964/|archivedate=16 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Ike gọvanọ nwere ịchụpụ ndị isi ọrụ abụwo okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-ese okwu. N'ozuzu, gọvanọ nwere ike iwepụ ndị isi ọrụ na uche ya. Otú ọ dị, nzukọ ahụ nwere ike ibelata ma gbochie ikike gọvanọ ịchụpụ ndị kọmishọna nke ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa onwe ha na ụfọdụ ndị isi ọchịchị dị ala site na iwu.
Gọvanọ nwekwara ikike iduzi ọtụtụ n'ime ngalaba ndị isi site na iwu ndị isi nke dabeere na Iwu nke Lagos Steeti ma ọ bụ nyere ikike ndị isi.&lt;ref name=&quot;thisdaylive.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/lagos-assembly-approves-499-105bn-as-2013-budget/134791/|title=Lagos Assembly Approves 499.105bn as 2013 Budget, Articles - THISDAY LIVE|work=thisdaylive.com|accessdate=17 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418014145/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/lagos-assembly-approves-499-105bn-as-2013-budget/134791/|archivedate=18 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/49542/1/lagos-sms-war-fashola-sacks-commissioner.html|title=Lagos SMS War: Fashola Sacks Commissioner|work=TheNigerianVoice|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ikike iwu ===
Gọvanọ nwekwara ikike ịhọpụta onye isi ikpe nke steeti ahụ. Otú ọ dị, nhọpụta ndị a chọrọ [[Ụlọ omeiwu nke Lagos steeti|ụlọ]] nzukọ nkwenye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/fashola-swears-in-four-judges-charges-them-to-better-the-judiciary/194727/|title=Fashola Swears in Four Judges, Charges them to Better the Judiciary, Articles - THISDAY LIVE|work=thisdaylive.com|accessdate=17 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418014139/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/fashola-swears-in-four-judges-charges-them-to-better-the-judiciary/194727/|archivedate=18 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Inweta nkwado ụlọ nwere ike inye nnukwu ihe mgbochi maka ndị gọvanọ chọrọ iduzi ndị ọka ikpe steeti n'otu echiche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-west/135096-fashola-approves-appointment-of-six-new-judges-for-lagos-high-court.html|title=Fashola approves appointment of six new judges for lagos high court|work=The premiumtimes|accessdate=18 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Ndị gọvanọ nwekwara ike ịgbaghara ma mmegwara, dịka a na-emekarị obere oge tupu njedebe nke oge gọvanọ, ọ bụghị n'enweghị esemokwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldcoalition.org/Pardons-and-commutations-in-Nigeria.html|title=Pardons and commutations in Nigeria|work=World Coalition Against the Death Penalty|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Onye nhazi iwu ===
Iwu ahụ na-egbochi gọvanọ (na ndị isi ndị ọzọ niile) ịbụ onye otu [[Ụlọ omeiwu nke Lagos steeti|ụlọ nzukọ steeti]] n'otu oge. Ya mere, gọvanọ enweghị ike iwebata atụmatụ iwu n'onwe ya maka ịtụle n'ụlọ. Otú ọ dị, gọvanọ nwere ike iwere ọrụ na-apụtaghị ìhè n'ịkpụzi iwu, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gọvanọ ahụ nwere ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ụlọ (ụlọ onye nnọchi anya).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeria-law.org/Attorney-General%20of%20Lagos%20State%20V%20Attorney-General%20of%20the%20Federation.htm|title=Attorney-General of Lagos State V Attorney-General of the Federation|work=nigeria-law.org|accessdate=17 April 2015|archivedate=19 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719022416/http://www.nigeria-law.org/Attorney-General%20of%20Lagos%20State%20V%20Attorney-General%20of%20the%20Federation.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dịka ọmụmaatụ, gọvanọ ma ọ bụ ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke ngalaba nchịkwa nwere ike idepụta iwu wee gwa ndị nnọchiteanya ka ha webatara atụmatụ ndị a n'ime ụlọ. Gọvanọ nwere ike imetụta ngalaba iwu site na iwu kwadoro, akụkọ oge na ụlọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;thisdaylive.com&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/12192/1/lagos-governor-signs-2010-budget.html|title=LAGOS GOVERNOR SIGNS 2010 BUDGET|work=TheNigerianVoice|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tụkwasị na nke a, gọvanọ nwere ike ịnwa ime ka ụlọ ahụ gbanwee iwu a tụrụ aro site n'iyi egwu na ọ ga-egbochi iwu ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na emeghị mgbanwe ọ rịọrọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2MTI-Y3tzkAC&amp;q=Governor+of+Lagos+with+Veto+power&amp;pg=PA166|title=Nigeria|work=google.co.uk|accessdate=17 April 2015|author=Coleman|first=James S.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Usoro nhọpụta ==

=== Ikike iru eru ===
Ndị mmadụ na-ahọpụta Gọvanọ n'onwe ha site na otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị edebanyere aha maka afọ anọ, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime naanị ndị isi steeti abụọ a họpụtara ahọpụta, onye nke ọzọ bụ osote Gọvanor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2015/04/13/lagos-state-governor-elect-ambode-gives-acceptance-speech/|title=Lagos State Governor-elect Thanks Residents, Party For Victory - Channels Television|work=Channels Television|accessdate=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Isi nke isii nke iwu afọ 1999 Naijiria dị ka edezigharịrị na-esetịpụ ihe achorọ iji jide ọfịs ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.waado.org/nigerdelta/documents/ConstitutionalMatters/1999Constitution/ChapterSix.html|title=Chapter Six of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria: The Executive|work=waado.org|accessdate=17 April 2015|archivedate=22 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422060029/http://www.waado.org/nigerdelta/documents/ConstitutionalMatters/1999Constitution/ChapterSix.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/news/425310/apcs-ambode-wins-lagos-state-governorship-election|title=APC's Ambode Wins Lagos State Governorship Election|author=Leadership Newspaper|date=12 April 2015|work=Nigerian News from Leadership News|accessdate=17 April 2015|archivedate=15 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150415015446/http://leadership.ng/news/425310/apcs-ambode-wins-lagos-state-governorship-election}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Gọvanọ ga-enwe:

* bụrụ nwa amaala a mụrụ na Lagos State
* bụrụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala afọ iri atọ na ise;
* bụrụ onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-edebanye aha ma ọ ga-abụrịrị na pati ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ahụ ga-akwado ya
* Ọ ga-enwerịrị ma ọ dịkarịa ala, asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ West Africa ma ọ bụ ihe yiri ya.

== Gọvanọ gara aga na ndị nọ n'ọkwa ==
 

== Hụkwa ==

* [[Ndetu ndi ishi ọchịchị ȯra Naigiria|Ndepụta nke ndị gọvanọ steeti nke Naịjirịa]]

== Ebenside ==
&lt;references group=&quot;&quot; responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;

* {{Cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|title=Nigerian Federal States|publisher=WorldStatesmen|accessdate=2009-11-30}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081222024842/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/c/portal/layout?p_l_id=PUB.1162.4 Gọọmentị Lagos Steeti nke Naịjirịa]
{{Lagos|potal}}{{LagosStatewideOfficials}}
[[Òtù:Ȯra Lagos]]
[[Òtù:Gọọmenti nke Lagos Steeti]]</text>
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    <title>List of minimum driving ages</title>
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Afọ kacha nta ịkwọ ụgbọala bụ '''afọ''' kachasị ala ebe mmadụ nwere ike inweta akwụkwọ ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala iji kwado ụgbọala n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro n'okporo ụzọ ọha na eze. Otú ọ dị, nke a    

afọ na-ekpebi site na ikike ọ bụla ma na-etinyekarị ya na afọ iri na asatọ, mana enwere ike ikwe ka ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na-amụta ihe banyere n' okporo ụzọ n'oge ọ dị nta n'okpuru nlekọta. Tupu ọ ruo afọ kacha nta maka ikikere ọkwọ ụgbọala ma ọ bụ oge ọ bụla mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a ga-anwale onye chọrọ ikikere ahụ maka ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala na ihe ọmụma nke iwu okporo ụzọ tupu e nye ya ikikere, ọ bụrụhaala na ọ karịrị afọ kacha nta ọkwọ ụgbọala. Mba ndị nwere afọ ịkwọ ụgbọala kachasị ala (iri na asaa na n'okpuru) bụ [[Ostraliya|Australia]], Bahamas, [[Kánada|Canada]], [[Malaysia]], New Zealand, [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] (mainland), [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], na [[Zimbabwe]]. N'ebe ụfọdụ na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] na [[Kánada|Canada]], ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-eto eto dị ka iri na anọ (na nlekọta nne na nna).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=About: List of minimum driving ages|url=https://dbpedia.org/page/List_of_minimum_driving_ages|accessdate=2022-10-09|work=dbpedia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọtụtụ ikike na-anabata ikikere ọkwọ ụgbọala nke ikike ọzọ nyere, nke nwere ike ime ka onye na-eto eto nweta ikikere na ikike nke nwere obere afọ ịkwọ ụgbọala ka a na-ekwe ka ọkwọ ụgbọala na ikike nke na-enwekarị afọ ịkwọ ụgbọ ala dị elu. Otu ihe dị ịrịba ama na nke a bụ United States, ebe ọtụtụ steeti machibidoro ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na-erughị afọ ọkwọ ụgbọala ha kacha nta, ọbụlagodi na ha nwere ikike ma ọ bụ ikikere nke steeti ọzọ nyere.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=21 Should Be the Legal Driving Age around the World - Marketing Advisory Services|url=https://www.marketingadvisoryservices.com/21-should-be-the-legal-driving-age-around-the-world/|accessdate=2022-10-09|work=www.marketingadvisoryservices.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-10-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009160835/https://www.marketingadvisoryservices.com/21-should-be-the-legal-driving-age-around-the-world/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Afọ kacha nta nwere ike ịdịgasị iche dabere na ụdị ụgbọ ala. Ndepụta a na-ezo aka na afọ ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta maka obere ụgbọala (nke na-abụkarị n'okpuru puku atọ na narị ise kilogram nke nnukwu ụgbọala) ma ọ bụ ọgba tum tum, ebe edepụtara.

== Afrịka ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| Algeria
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Nesrine|date=2020-03-07|title=Driving In Algeria As A Visitor - Everything You Need To Know|url=https://summerytouch.com/driving-in-algeria/|accessdate=2022-09-23|work=Summery Touch|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Cameroon
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving In {{!}} Driving In Cameroon|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-cameroon|accessdate=2022-09-23|work=www.drivng.com|archivedate=2022-09-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923205205/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-cameroon}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Cameroon - Drive Safe in Cameroon|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Cameroon.aspx#:~:text=The%20minimum%20age%20to%20drive,permitted%20when%20driving%20in%20Cameroon.|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Egypt
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/egypt.asp|title=Au Pairs from Egypt - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030753/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/egypt.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|18 (Ụgbọ ala), 16 (Ụgbọ ịnyịnya ígwè)
|-
| Eswatini
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref name=&quot;google1&quot; /&gt;
|
|-
| Ethiopia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Ethiopia.html|title=Driving in Ethiopia|publisher=Adcidl.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-10-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017205759/http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Ethiopia.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Ghana
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/ghana.asp|title=Au Pairs from Ghana - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030719/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/ghana.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Kenya
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kra.go.ke/roadtransport/roadsdrivinglicenses.html|title=KRA - Driving Licenses|work=www.kra.go.ke|accessdate=2016-08-02|archivedate=2018-07-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701104334/http://www.kra.go.ke/roadtransport/roadsdrivinglicenses.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Lesotho
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref name=&quot;google1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p4pGABdauysC&amp;q=Lesotho+Driving+Age&amp;pg=PA615|title=South Africa Lesotho and Swaziland - James Bainbridge - Google Books|date=2010-09-15|isbn=9781742203751|accessdate=2015-02-20|author=Bainbridge|first=James}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Libya
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://internationaldriversassociation.com/international-drivers-license-libya/|title=Get an international license to drive in Libya|work=International Drivers License - InternationalDriversAssociation|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Mali
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Mali - Drive Safe in Mali - Rhinocarhire.com|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Mali.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Mauritania
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Посібник з водіння Мавританії|url=https://internationaldriversassociation.com/uk/mauritania-driving-guide/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=Посібник з водіння Мавританії|language=uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Mauritius
|15 (ụgbọ ala), 17 (ụgbọ ọgba tum tum), 18 (ụgbọala)&lt;ref name=&quot;Mauritius police&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://police.govmu.org/English/Pages/App_driving_licence.aspx|title=The Mauritius Police Force - Application for Driving Licence|publisher=[[Mauritius Police Force]]|accessdate=April 26, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving In {{!}} Driving In Mayotte|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-mayotte|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.drivng.com|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925140241/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-mayotte}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Morocco
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17(Motorịnyịnya ígwè) 
18(Ụgbọ ala)

21(Trucks)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.economycarhire.com/car-hire-morocco/driving-in-morocco.php|title=Morocco Driving Guide|publisher=Economy Car Hire|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.your-morocco-tour.com/about-morocco|title=About Morocco|publisher=Your-morocco-tour.com|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|
|- 
| Mozambique
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Mozambique - Drive Safe in Mozambique|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Mozambique.aspx#:~:text=You%20have%20to%20be%20at,on%20your%20age%20and%20experience.|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Namibia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/namibia.asp|title=Au Pairs from Namibia - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030820/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/namibia.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Niger
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |23&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Avando Systems Ltd|url=http://www.travcour.com/g_page.php?pageid=689&amp;Pagetitle=Niger|title=Niger visa service UK, London|publisher=Travcour.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2016-01-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131173725/http://www.travcour.com/g_page.php?pageid=689&amp;Pagetitle=Niger}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Nigeria
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Team|first=Carmart|date=2022-08-13|title=Driver's License In Nigeria: Requirements And Cost This 2022|url=https://www.carmart.ng/public/blog/drivers-license-in-nigeria/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=Carmart auto blog|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925140234/https://www.carmart.ng/public/blog/drivers-license-in-nigeria/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Réunion, France
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Minimum Driving Age by Country - Rhinocarhire.com|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Minimum-Driving-Age-Country.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|ị nwere ike inweta akwụkwọ ikike mmụta ma nye gị ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala na nlekọta mgbe ị dị afọ iri na ise.  A ga-enye ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala zuru oke mgbe ọ dị afọ 18.
|-
| Senegal
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Посібник з водіння в Сенегалі|url=https://internationaldriversassociation.com/uk/senegal-driving-guide/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=Посібник з водіння в Сенегалі|language=uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| South Africa
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17
|Iwu National Road Traffic na-akọwapụta na onye ọkwọ ụgbọala kwesịrị ịbụ afọ iri na asaa iji nweta ikikere iwu maka ụgbọala niile dị n'okpuru 3500 kilogram. Ndị dị afọ iri na ise nwere ike ikwe ka mmadụ nweta ikikere ndị na-amụta ihe, ịkwọ ụgbọala mgbe onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala nwere ikikere nke nwere ikikere ha karịa otu afọ na-elekọta ya. Iji nweta akwụkwọ ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala n'ezie, afọ bụ afọ iri na asatọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.saflii.org/za/legis/num_act/nrta1996189/|title=National Road Traffic Act, 1996 [No. 93 of 1996&amp;#93; - G 17603|publisher=Saflii.org|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Tanzania
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.2pass.co.uk/ages3.htm|title=Minimum Driving Ages around the World|work=www.2pass.co.uk|accessdate=2016-08-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Tunisia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldtravelguide.net/tunis/travel-to|title=Travel to Tunis|publisher=Worldtravelguide.net|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Zambia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://zamcom.smetoolkit.org/zambia/en/content/en/2643/Investment-Climate|title=Investment Climate &amp;#124; SME Toolkit Zambia|publisher=Zamcom.smetoolkit.org|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220205723/http://zamcom.smetoolkit.org/zambia/en/content/en/2643/Investment-Climate|archivedate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Zimbabwe
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/zimbabwe.asp|title=Au Pairs from Zimbabwe - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030750/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/zimbabwe.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|}

== Amerịka ==

=== Ebe Ugwu America ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ọ kacha nta ịkwọ ụgbọala
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| Canada
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 nwere mmemme ikikere gụsịrị akwụkwọ (GLP) n'ọtụtụ mpaghara14 nwere GLP na Alberta15&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.alberta.ca/class-7-learners-licence.aspx#toc-0|title=Get a Class 7 learner's licence {{!}} Alberta.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; nwere GLP Na Yukon, NWT, na Nunavut&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://yukon.ca/en/driving-and-transportation/driver-licensing/get-drivers-licence#find-out-if-youre-eligible|title=Get a driver's licence|date=12 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yd.com/drivers-license-nunavut|title=Drivers License Nunavut &amp;#124; Young Drivers of Canada|accessdate=2020-03-26|archivedate=2020-03-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326011738/https://www.yd.com/drivers-license-nunavut}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/inf/files/resources/basic_manual_1.pdf|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2020-03-26|archivedate=2020-02-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229044515/https://www.inf.gov.nt.ca/sites/inf/files/resources/basic_manual_1.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|
|-
| Mexico
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |15 (na nlekọta nne na nna), 16 (na nkwekọrịta nne na nna&quot;), 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.auto-europe.co.uk/go/car-hire/mexico/driving-information/|title=Driving in Mexico|publisher=Auto Europe|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2015-09-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923060619/http://www.auto-europe.co.uk/go/car-hire/mexico/driving-information/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| United States
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |1416 (maka ikike) 1617 (maka ikike a machibidoro iwu) 1618 (maka ikike na-akparaghị ókè) ''dị iche iche n'etiti steeti''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|
|}

=== Central America ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |State
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Minimum driving age
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Notes
|-
|{{flag|Costa Rica}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.autoeurope.co.uk/driving-information-costa-rica/|work=www.autoeurope.co.uk|accessdate=2020-02-01|title=Driving information Costa Rica &amp;#124; Regulations by Auto Europe}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|El Salvador}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |15&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In El Salvador - Drive Safe in El Salvador|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-El-Salvador.aspx#:~:text=You%20have%20to%20be%20at,poor%20conditions%20of%20the%20roads.|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 15 with supervision. Unrestricted licence available at 18.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sertracen.com.sv/index.php/primera-vez|title=Primera Vez}}&lt;/ref&gt;You can't driver in Salvador if you are over 75 years.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In El Salvador - Drive Safe in El Salvador|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-El-Salvador.aspx#:~:text=You%20have%20to%20be%20at,poor%20conditions%20of%20the%20roads.|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flag|Guatemala}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |16 (with parental approval), 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving information Guatemala {{!}} Safe drive with Auto Europe|url=https://www.autoeurope.co.uk/driving-information-guatemala/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=Auto Europe UK|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Honduras}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.elheraldo.hn/tegucigalpa/1205802-466/requisitos-para-tramitar-la-licencia-de-conducir-por-primera-vez-en-honduras|title=Requisitos para tramitar la licencia de conducir por primera vez en Honduras|work=Diario El Heraldo|language=es-HN|accessdate=2020-04-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Nicaragua}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/north-america/nicaragua/getting-around/|title=Best way to get around in Nicaragua|work=World Travel Guide|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{Flag|Panama}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 (with parental approval), 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.transito.gob.pa/sites/default/files/reglamento_decreto_640.pdf|title=Reglamento de Transito|work=transito.gob.pa|accessdate=2022-10-09|archivedate=2022-06-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615000038/http://www.transito.gob.pa/sites/default/files/reglamento_decreto_640.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sertracen.com.pa/licencias-de-conducir/requisitos/permiso-juvenil|title=Permiso Juvenil|work=sertracen.com.pa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022204929/http://www.sertracen.com.pa/licencias-de-conducir/requisitos/permiso-juvenil|archivedate=2018-10-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

=== South America ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| Argentina
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 (na nkwado nne na nna) 18 (na-enweghị)
|21 bụ afọ kacha nta ịkwọ ụgbọala, bọs ma ọ bụ ụgbọala mberede. 16 bụ afọ kacha mma ịkwọ ụgbọala (na-enweghị ndị njem). Nkwado nne na nna dị mkpa maka ikike ọ bụla enyere onye ọ bụla na-erubeghị afọ 18.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/0-4999/818/texact.htm|title=Ley de Tránsito Nº 24.449 - Articles 11 and 17|work=InfoLeg|accessdate=9 May 2017|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bolivia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/bolivia.asp|title=Au Pairs from Bolivia - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192236/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/bolivia.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Brazil
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/L9503.htm|title=Official Brazil's Traffic Law|accessdate=2017-10-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala ga-enwerịrị ikikere na mbụ na nwamba. 'B' maka ọ dịkarịa ala otu afọ tupu itinye akwụkwọ maka ikikere ọkachamara. Ụdị 'C' na-abụkarị maka ụgbọala na-ebu ibu, 'D' maka bọs na ụgbọala na 'E' maka ụgbọala ndị a na-ejikọta.
|-
| Chile
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 (na nkwado nne na nna), 18, 20 (ikike ọrụ)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/chile.asp|title=Au Pairs from Chile - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-02-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206131516/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/chile.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/licencia-de-conducir|title=Licencia de conducir|date=27 November 2014|publisher=bcn.cl}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Colombia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16, 18 (ikike ọrụ)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/colombia.asp|title=Au Pairs from Colombia - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192614/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/colombia.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-265910#:~:text=Desde%20los%2020%20a%C3%B1os.,la%20licencia%20de%20conducci%C3%B3n%3A%201.|title=Lo Que Se Debe Saber Sobre El Pase|date=16 December 1994|publisher=El Tiempo}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Ecuador
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/ecuador.asp|title=Au Pairs from Ecuador - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192452/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/ecuador.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://legislation.gov.fk/view/whole/2019-06-24/fisl-1986-5#:~:text=(a)%20he%20has%20passed%20such,issued%20in%20respect%20of%20motor|title=Road Traffic (Provisional) Regulations Order 1986|accessdate=2021-11-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving In {{!}} Driving In French Guiana|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-french-guiana|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.drivng.com|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925145811/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-french-guiana}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Guyana
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.legalaid.org.gy/node/25|title=Under-18s and the Law|publisher=legalaid.org.gy}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Paraguay
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=LinkedIn|title=Your Complete Guide to Driving in Paraguay|url=https://www.tripsavvy.com/driving-in-paraguay-5190094|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=TripSavvy|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Peru
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gob.pe/136-obtener-primera-licencia-de-conducir-brevete-condiciones|title=Obtener primera licencia de conducir (brevete)|work=www.gob.pe/|accessdate=2019-12-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Suriname
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving In {{!}} Driving In Suriname|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-suriname|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.drivng.com|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925145811/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-suriname}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Uruguay
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/uruguay.asp|title=Au Pairs from Uruguay - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192410/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/uruguay.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Venezuela
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/venezuela.asp|title=Au Pairs from Venezuela - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192353/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/venezuela.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

=== Caribbean ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |State
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Minimum driving age
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Notes
|-
|''{{flag|Anguilla}}''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.ai/licence.php|title=Government of Anguilla - Residents - Licences &amp; Registrations - Driving Licences &amp; Permits|publisher=Gov.ai|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2019-05-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508200232/http://www.gov.ai/licence.php}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Bahamas}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.bahamasailing.com/Boat/stuff.htm|title=Bahamas Information|accessdate=August 25, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060502023550/http://www.bahamasailing.com/Boat/stuff.htm|archivedate=May 2, 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Cuba}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.particularcuba.com/hoteles/flexitc.htm|title=Fly and Drive in Cuba - Terms and Conditions|work=www.particularcuba.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715045354/http://www.particularcuba.com/hoteles/flexitc.htm|archivedate=July 15, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Cayman Islands}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=What age is the driving age in GC? - Cayman Islands Forum - Tripadvisor|url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowTopic-g147364-i260-k9167241-What_age_is_the_driving_age_in_GC-Cayman_Islands.html|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.tripadvisor.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving rules and regulations|url=https://www.justlanded.com/english/Dominican-Republic/Dominican-Republic-Guide/Travel-Leisure/Driving-rules-and-regulations|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=Just Landed|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''{{flag|Guadeloupe}}''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=English to French International Driver’s License Translation Services - International Driving Authority|url=https://idaoffice.org/travel-guide/en-to-fr/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=idaoffice.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Jamaica}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16-17 learners permit or with adult supervision, 18 fully licensed&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-02-11|title=The age to drive - from Jamaica to Britain|url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20100211/news/news5.html|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=jamaica-gleaner.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''{{flag|Martinique}}''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Martinique - Drive Safe in Martinique|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Martinique.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Netherlands Antilles}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Avando Systems Ltd|url=http://www.travcour.com/g_page.php?pageid=697&amp;Pagetitle=Netherlands+Antilles|title=Netherlands Antilles visa service, Netherlands Antilles visa service UK|publisher=Travcour.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2016-01-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131173725/http://www.travcour.com/g_page.php?pageid=697&amp;Pagetitle=Netherlands+Antilles}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''{{flag|Puerto Rico}} (American territory)''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 (with learner's permit), 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.youthrights.net/index.php?|title=Puerto_Rico_Driving_Age|accessdate=August 25, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060111084416/http://www.youthrights.net/index.php?title=Puerto_Rico_Driving_Age|archivedate=January 11, 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-02-13|title=Driving on Saint Barthélemy: Tips from Our Community + How to Get Around the Island - SaintBarth.com|url=https://www.saintbarth.com/driving-on-saint-barthelemy-tips-from-our-community-how-to-get-around-the-island/|accessdate=2022-09-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''{{flag|Saint Martin}}''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In St Maarten - Drive Safe in St Maarten|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-St-Maarten.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Trinidad and Tobago - Drive Safe in TT|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Trinidad-and-Tobago.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|St. Kitts and Nevis}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 (for permit),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sknird.com/driverlic-DriverLic-SubPage-54-d-60.aspx|title=Inland Revenue Department|work=www.sknird.com|accessdate=2017-05-31|archivedate=2018-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627005332/https://www.sknird.com/driverlic-DriverLic-SubPage-54-d-60.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt; 18 (for license)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sknird.com/UserFiles/TaxLib/130325053700.pdf|title=Chapter 15.06 Vehicles and Road Traffic Act|publisher=Government of St. Kitts and Nevis|accessdate=2017-05-31|archivedate=2017-10-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024100403/https://www.sknird.com/UserFiles/TaxLib/130325053700.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''{{flag|US Virgin Islands}} (American territory)''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 (with learner's permit), 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.youthrights.net/index.php?|title=U.S._Virgin_Islands_Driving_Age|accessdate=August 25, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723190111/http://www.youthrights.net/index.php?title=U.S._Virgin_Islands_Driving_Age|archivedate=July 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

== Eshia ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| Bahrain
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.omanforum.com/forums/showthread.php?t=13700|title=Bahraini King's Son Dies in Car Accident|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130131131642/http://www.omanforum.com/forums/showthread.php?t=13700|archivedate=31 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Iran
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranvisitor.com/index.php?cID=421&amp;pID=1304|title=Driving in Iran &amp;#124; IranVisitor - Travel Guide To Iran|publisher=IranVisitor|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Iraq
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 maka ọgba tum tum18 maka ụgbọala&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving In {{!}} Driving In Iraq|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-iraq|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.drivng.com|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925141757/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-iraq}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Israel
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |Afọ iri na isii maka ọgba tum tum afọ iri na isii ọnwa isii na onye nkuzi ịkwọ ụgbọala afọ iri na ise ọnwa itoolu maka ụgbọala nwere ọnwa atọ nke nlekọta nne na nna oge niile na ọnwa atọ ọzọ n'abalị&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://he.mot.gov.il/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=48%3Adargotrishauionnehiga&amp;catid=62&amp;Itemid=83&amp;limitstart=4|title=דרגות רישיון נהיגה - דרגה B|publisher=He.mot.gov.il|language=he|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029220532/http://he.mot.gov.il/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=48%3Adargotrishauionnehiga&amp;catid=62&amp;Itemid=83&amp;limitstart=4|archivedate=2014-10-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Jordan
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/jordan.asp|title=Au Pairs from Jordan - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627005303/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/jordan.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Kuwait
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 maka ndị Kuwait na 21 maka ndị na-abụghị ndị Kuwait&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ewAe5DwteQC&amp;q=Teen+Life+in+the+Middle+East|title=Teen Life in the Middle East - Google Books|date=1976-03-30|isbn=9780313318931|accessdate=2015-02-20|author=Mahdī|first=ʻalī Akbar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Lebanon
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18
|
|-
| Oman
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rop.gov.om/english/dg_traffic_newlicense.asp|title=شرطة عمان السلطانية|work=www.rop.gov.om|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129151540/http://www.rop.gov.om/english/dg_traffic_newlicense.asp|archivedate=November 29, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Qatar
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 maka obere ụgbọala 21 maka nnukwu ụgbọala&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.qnaol.net/QNAEn/Qatar_Portal/driving_license/Pages/default.aspx|title=وكالة الأنباء القطرية|publisher=Qnaol.net|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019154001/http://www.qnaol.net/QNAEn/Qatar_Portal/Driving_License/Pages/default.aspx|archivedate=2013-10-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=How To Get A Qatar Driving License|date=18 October 2015|url=https://www.dohaguides.com/how-to-get-qatar-driving-license/#age-requirement|accessdate=2020-12-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Saudi Arabia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 maka ụgbọala 
15 maka ikike nwa oge [citation needed]
|
|-
| Syria
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ewAe5DwteQC&amp;q=Driving+Age+Syria|title=Teen Life in the Middle East - Google Books|date=1976-03-30|isbn=9780313318931|accessdate=2015-02-20|author=Mahdī|first=ʻalī Akbar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| United Arab Emirates
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 maka ọgba tum tum
18 maka ụgbọala&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Getting a driving licence - The Official Portal of the UAE Government|url=https://u.ae/en/information-and-services/transportation/get-a-driving-licence|accessdate=2020-08-19|work=u.ae|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Yemen
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.yementimes.com/DefaultDET.aspx?i=1151&amp;p=local&amp;a=1|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-08-26|archivedate=2020-02-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200210202005/http://www.yementimes.com/DefaultDET.aspx?i=1151&amp;p=local&amp;a=1}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

=== Ndịda Eshia ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| Afghanistan
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18
|
|-
| Bangladesh
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.brta.gov.bd/activities_driving.php|title=Activities &gt;&gt;&gt; Driving License|accessdate=August 26, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706181116/http://www.brta.gov.bd/activities_driving.php|archivedate=July 6, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| India
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18
|
Enwere ike itinye akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala nwa oge site na afọ 16. A kagbuola ya ebe ọ bụ na wiilị abụọ n'okpuru 50cc anaghịzi arụ ọrụ. Mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na asatọ, mmadụ nwere ike inweta akwụkwọ ikike n'ụlọ ọrụ njem mpaghara nke mpaghara ha.
|-
|   Nepal
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16,18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lawcommission.gov.np/documents/%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%a5%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%b5%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%af%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%8d/|title=नेपाल कानून आयोग – NLC}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|16 maka ụgbọala nwere ụkwụ abụọ na 18 maka ụgbọala nwere ụgbọala anọ
|-
| Pakistan
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.pak.gov.pk/driving_license.aspx|title=Driver Licensing Information|accessdate=August 26, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710191103/http://www.pak.gov.pk/driving_license.aspx|archivedate=July 10, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Sri Lanka
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.motortraffic.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=83&amp;Itemid=140&amp;lang=en=Travcour.com|title=New Driving License|author=ICTA|publisher=motortraffic.gov.lk|accessdate=2022-10-09|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626220503/http://www.motortraffic.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=83&amp;Itemid=140&amp;lang=en=Travcour.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Maldives
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-maldives|title=Driving in &amp;#124; Driving in Maldives|accessdate=2022-10-09|archivedate=2022-10-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009191651/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-maldives}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| China
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://josephbosco.com/wow2004/2006/10/china-national-features-driving_07.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061106084227/http://josephbosco.com/wow2004/2006/10/china-national-features-driving_07.html|archivedate=2006-11-06|title=Account Suspended|publisher=Josephbosco.com|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.td.gov.hk/en/public_services/licences_and_permits/vehicle_and_driving_licences/how_to_apply_for_a_driving_licence/requirements_for_obtaining_a_driving_licence/index.html|title=Requirements for Obtaining a Driving Licence|publisher=The Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Transport Department|accessdate=11 December 2014|archivedate=29 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729125551/http://www.td.gov.hk/en/public_services/licences_and_permits/vehicle_and_driving_licences/how_to_apply_for_a_driving_licence/requirements_for_obtaining_a_driving_licence/index.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Ógbè Nchịkwa Pụrụ Iche nke China''
|-
| Japan
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 (ụgbọ ọgba tum tum n'okpuru 400 cc)18 (ụgbọ ala nkịtị / ọkara na ọgba tum karịa 401 cc)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2022.html|title=Driving in Japan|publisher=Japan-guide.com|date=2012-09-30|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DRGsEvg7NdoQC%26pg%3DPA138%26lpg%3DPA138%26dq%3DDriving+age+Macau%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DyHD3ZJ37DP%26sig%3D8BYyI1X6ymA1xA1qfb3Tiu-onK8%26hl%3Den%26ei%3D2YB2TL2II8WOjAfmsbSaBg%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D6%26ved%3D0CDIQ6AEwBQ|title=Asia &amp; Pacific Review 2003/2004: Economic and Business Report - Kogan Page - Google Books|accessdate=2012-11-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Ógbè Nchịkwa Pụrụ Iche nke China''
|-
| South Korea
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 maka ụgbọala ndị njem na ọgba tum tum karịrị 125 cc16 maka ọgba tum n'okpuru 125 cc19 maka ikikere azụmahịa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.englishintaiwan.com/foreigners/living-in-taiwan/transport-high-speed-rail-taxis-buses|title=Taiwan High Speed Rail, Driving in Taiwan, Learn about Transportation Options, Rules of the Road, Fines|publisher=Englishintaiwan.com|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

=== Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
! width=&quot;100&quot; |State
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Minimum driving age
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Notes
|-
|{{flag|Brunei}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Brunei.html|title=DRIVING IN BRUNEI|publisher=adcidl.com|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Myanmar}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving In {{!}} Driving In Myanmar|url=https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-myanmar|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.drivng.com|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925145810/https://www.drivng.com/l/driving-in-myanmar}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Cambodia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTuUboxIQTsC&amp;pg=PA137|title=Southeast Asia on a Shoestring - Google Books|date=15 September 2010|isbn=9781742203775|accessdate=2015-02-20|author=Williams|first=China}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Indonesia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.balitravelforum.com/archive200711/12192.html|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2010-08-26|archivedate=2020-05-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511150303/https://www.balitravelforum.com/archive200711/12192.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.djpp.depkumham.go.id/inc/buka.php?czozMToiZD0yMDAwKzkmZj11dTIyLTIwMDlidC5odG0manM9MSI7|title=LEMBARAN NEGARA - REPUBLIK INDONESIA|accessdate=December 28, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112145305/http://www.djpp.depkumham.go.id/inc/buka.php?czozMToiZD0yMDAwKzkmZj11dTIyLTIwMDlidC5odG0manM9MSI7|archivedate=November 12, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Laos}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jm4GBvwaF50C&amp;pg=PA308|title=Laos - Google Books|isbn=9781741045680|accessdate=2015-02-20|author=Burke|first=Andrew|year=2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Malaysia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 (cars), 16 (motorcycles)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://driving-school.com.my/driving-license/how-to-obtain-a-malaysian-driving-license/|title=Driving License In Malaysia For Car &amp; Motorcycle|date=11 April 2009|publisher=driving-school.com.my}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Philippines}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 (student permit); 17 (non-professional driver's license); 18 (professional driver's license)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=License and Permit|url=https://lto.gov.ph/license-and-permit.html|accessdate=2022-07-16|work=lto.gov.ph|archivedate=2022-07-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220716060507/https://lto.gov.ph/license-and-permit.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Singapore}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/singapore.asp|title=Au Pairs from Singapore - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627005749/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/singapore.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Thailand}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (cars and motorcycles); 15 (motorcycles with 110 cc or smaller engines)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=พระราชบัญญัติรถยนต์ พ.ศ.๒๕๒๒ และที่แก้ไขเพิ่มเติม|url=http://web.krisdika.go.th/data/law/law2/%C301/%C301-20-9999-update.pdf|work=Office of the Council of State|publisher=Royal Thai Government|accessdate=2022-10-09|archivedate=2011-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203044221/http://web.krisdika.go.th/data/law/law2/%C301/%C301-20-9999-update.pdf}} (Automobile Act, 1979 and amendments)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/thailand.asp|title=Au Pairs from Thailand - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034714/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/thailand.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Other restrictions apply to large or specialised vehicles. 
|-
|{{flag|Vietnam}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 (motorcycles under 50cc), 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.howtodrivein.com/vietnam.php|title=How to drive in Vietnam|publisher=Howtodrivein.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308165048/http://www.howtodrivein.com/vietnam.php}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

== Europe ==
[[Usòrò:Driving_age_Europe.svg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Driving_age_Europe.svg/550px-Driving_age_Europe.svg.png|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|550x550px|'''Afọ ịkwọ ụgbọala kacna Europe'''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; :
 
 
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;div class=&quot;legend&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;legend-color mw-no-invert&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#FF7800; color:black;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;Minimum driving age is 17&lt;/div&gt;
 
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;div class=&quot;legend&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;legend-color mw-no-invert&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#FFD800; color:black;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;Minimum driving age is 16&lt;/div&gt;]]

=== Ikike Ịkwọ ụgbọala na ala ndi Europe ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |State
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Minimum driving age
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Notes
|-
|{{flag|Austria}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 for cars&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;15 for mopeds&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-10-24|title=Driving a Moped|url=https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2017/mapping-minimum-age-requirements/drive-moped|accessdate=2020-09-06|work=European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|(Start with 15,5 under L17 attendant driving training
|-
|{{flag|Belgium}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for mopeds&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.angloinfo.com/belgium/how-to/belgium-transport-driving|title=Driving in Belgium|accessdate=18 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Bulgaria}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://smartexpat.com/bulgaria/how-to-guides/transport/driving/driving|title=Driving in Bulgaria {{!}} SmartExpat|work=smartexpat.com|language=en|accessdate=2018-07-17|archivedate=2018-07-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717212501/https://smartexpat.com/bulgaria/how-to-guides/transport/driving/driving}}&lt;/ref&gt; 16 for mopeds&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Croatia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/croatia.asp|title=Au Pairs from Croatia - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030528/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/croatia.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Cyprus}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18
|
|-
|{{flag|Czech Republic}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;15 for mopeds&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.zakruta.cz/silnicni-zakon/102/vek/|title=Zákon o silničním provozu, Hlava 3, §83 Věk|language=cs|accessdate=2019-06-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Denmark}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |24 for heavy bus
21 for heavy truck

17 for cars&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ft.dk/samling/20151/lovforslag/L161A/index.htm|title=L 161 A Bill amending the Road Traffic Act|work=Folketinget|language=da|accessdate=2016-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;15 for mopeds, quads and snowmobiles*
|The minimum age for driving a car without supervision is 18.

The minimum driving age for heavy truck and heavy bus can go down to 18, if the license is obtained during military service

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; It is only possible to obtain a license for snowmobiles on Greenland.
|-
|{{flag|Estonia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 for cars (16 with supervision) (14 for mopeds)&lt;ref name=&quot;Liiklusseadus&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/117032011021#para95|title=Liiklusseadus|work=Riigiteataja|language=et|accessdate=2017-04-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 16 with supervision.&lt;ref name=&quot;Liiklusseadus&quot; /&gt; Unrestricted licence available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Finland}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 for cars (17 with exception permit)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Exceptions to category B age requirements|url=https://ajokortti-info.fi/en/getting-driving-licence/exceptions-category-b-age-requirements|accessdate=2021-12-28|work=Ajokortti-info|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;15 (mopeds, micro cars, tractors)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Getting a driving licence for a tractor|url=https://ajokortti-info.fi/en/getting-driving-licence/getting-driving-licence-tractor|accessdate=2021-12-28|work=Ajokortti-info|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|France}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (15 with supervision)&lt;ref name=&quot;service-public.fr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/vosdroits/F2826|title=Apprentissage anticipé de la conduite à partir de 15 ans {{!}} service-public.fr|work=www.service-public.fr|accessdate=2016-12-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 15&lt;ref name=&quot;service-public.fr&quot; /&gt; with supervision. Unrestricted licence available at 18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelocal.fr/20140328/plan-to-lower-allow-15-year-olds-to-drive-in-france/amp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613234930/https://www.thelocal.fr/20140328/plan-to-lower-allow-15-year-olds-to-drive-in-france/amp|archivedate=2018-06-13|title=Plan to allow 15-year-olds to drive in France - The Local}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{flag|Germany}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17{{cn|date=September 2022}}
| Driving age for cars is 17 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 18. Licenses for mopeds &lt; 25&amp;nbsp;km/h are available at 15, for scooters &lt; 45&amp;nbsp;km/h and motorcycles under 126ccm at 16.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/europe/germany?ta=safetySecurity&amp;pg=2|title=Germany travel advice - GOV.UK|date=2014-10-31|publisher=Fco.gov.uk|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''{{flag|Gibraltar}}''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/driving-licences|title=Driving licences Gibraltar|accessdate=April 4, 2015|work=gibraltar.gov.gi|author=Smith|first=Andy}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Greece}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Law 4599/2019 ΦΕΚ/40/Α/4-3-2019 Testing the qualifications and conduct of prospective drivers and drivers for the issuance of driving licenses, other provisions for driving licenses and other provisions|url=http://www.et.gr/idocs-nph/search/pdfViewerForm.html?args=5C7QrtC22wFqnM3eAbJzrXdtvSoClrL8n2mlCsr5UbztIl9LGdkF53UIxsx942CdyqxSQYNuqAGCF0IfB9HI6qSYtMQEkEHLwnFqmgJSA5WIsluV-nRwO1oKqSe4BlOTSpEWYhszF8P8UqWb_zFijMXDwdRTupoYV0gjSMm4a4XSekv53zioWdJzU_4_GOGN}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 17 with supervision.
Unrestricted license is available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Hungary}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for motorcycles under 125ccm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 for vehicles under 50ccm&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driver’s license|url=https://www.elte.hu/en/about-hungary/drivers-license#:~:text=The%20minimum%20age%20to%20drive,17%20years%20old%20or%20older.|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.elte.hu|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 17 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted license is available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Iceland}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.althingi.is/lagas/145b/1987050.html|title=50/1987: Umferðarlög &amp;#124; Lög &amp;#124; Alþingi|publisher=Alþingi|accessdate=2016-12-04|language=is}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.island.is/thjonusta/ferdalog-og-samgongur/thu-og-billinn/okunam/|title=Ökunám og -réttindi|publisher=Þjóðskrá Íslands|accessdate=2016-12-04|language=is|archivedate=2016-12-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220231221/https://www.island.is/thjonusta/ferdalog-og-samgongur/thu-og-billinn/okunam/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 16 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 17. Look
|-
|{{flag|Ireland}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.irelandnow.com/driving.html|title=Ireland Now Driving a Car in Ireland|accessdate=2011-02-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123183230/http://irelandnow.com/driving.html|archivedate=2010-11-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.iol.ie/~discover/driving.htm|title=Driving tips for Ireland|publisher=Iol.ie|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918074007/http://www.iol.ie/~discover/driving.htm|archivedate=2018-09-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/travel_and_recreation/motoring_1/driver_licensing/categories_of_motor_vehicles_and_minimum_age_of_drivers_in_ireland.html|title=Categories of motor vehicles and minimum age of drivers|publisher=Citizensinformation.ie|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|16 for work vehicles, tractors etc. and motorbikes &lt;125cc
|-
|{{flag|Italy}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.poliziadistato.it/articolo/25889/|title=Guida accompagnata: istruzioni per l'uso|publisher=Poliziadistato.it|date=2012-04-20|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Driving 17 with supervision of a person under 60 years in possession of full B licence (or superior).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Latvia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 for cars(B), trailers(C1, BE, C1E),/&gt;24 motorcycles (A), /&gt;21 motorcycles(A2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for motorcycles(A1), resting boats&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 for mopeds(M)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;10 for bicycle
|16 for cars(B), 21 for motorcycles(A2), trailers(C1, BE, C1E), 16 for motorcycles(A1), 14 for mopeds(M) - if supervised by a person holding a B category licence for at least three years (also known as training driving)
|-
|{{flag|Liechtenstein}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Liechtenstein - Drive Safe in Liechtenstein|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Liechtenstein.aspx#:~:text=You%20must%20be%20at%20least,rent%20a%20car%20is%2021.|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Lithuania}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |14 To 18 (for permit) 18 (for full license) for cars
15 for mopeds&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Lithuania - Drive Safe in Lithuania|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Lithuania.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Luxembourg}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 for motorcycles&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;18 for cars&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driver's license and driving rules|url=https://www.justarrived.lu/en/practical-information/driving-rules-luxembourg/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=JUST ARRIVED, 1er site d'informations pour les étrangers au Luxembourg|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-09-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925151955/https://www.justarrived.lu/en/practical-information/driving-rules-luxembourg/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for low power motorcycles and tractors 16.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Driving licence for cars available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Malta}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.transport.gov.mt/land-transport/driving|title=TM Portal - General Info on Driving in Malta|publisher=Transport.gov.mt|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012185452/http://www.transport.gov.mt/land-transport/driving|archivedate=2018-10-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Netherlands}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 for cars&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for mopeds and tractors&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/rijbewijs/vraag-en-antwoord/voor-welke-soorten-bromfietsen-heb-ik-een-bromfietsrijbewijs-brommerrijbewijs-nodig|language=nl|title=What license do I need a moped, scooter, scooter or moped car to drive?|date=28 February 2013|accessdate=15 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 17 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Driving lessons available at 16½.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Norway}}
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |18 for cars&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for mopeds and light motorcycles
|
|-
|{{flag|Poland}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for motorcycles up to 125&amp;nbsp;cc&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 for mopeds and quads
|
|-
|{{flag|Portugal}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 for cars&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cartas de Condução de Automóveis Ligeiros e Quadriciclos|url=http://www.imt-ip.pt/sites/IMTT/Portugues/Condutores/CartaConducao/AutomoveisLigeiros/Paginas/AutomoveisLigeiros.aspx|accessdate=2021-09-09|work=www.imt-ip.pt|archivedate=2021-09-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909093428/http://www.imt-ip.pt/sites/IMTT/Portugues/Condutores/CartaConducao/AutomoveisLigeiros/Paginas/AutomoveisLigeiros.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt;

16 for motorcycles&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cartas de Condução de Motociclos|url=http://www.imt-ip.pt/sites/IMTT/Portugues/Condutores/CartaConducao/Motociclos/Paginas/Motociclos.aspx|accessdate=2021-09-09|work=www.imt-ip.pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Romania}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;16 for motorcycles up to 125&amp;nbsp;cc&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/vehicles/driving-licence/get-driving-licence/romania/index_ro.htm|title=Obtaining a driver's licence in UE-Romania|accessdate=2 January 2019|language=ro}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Slovakia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Driving licence r...|url=https://www.slovensko.sk/en/life-situation/life-situation/_driving-licence-requirements/|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.slovensko.sk}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 17 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Slovenia}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16 for cars and motorcycles&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide to Driving In Slovenia - Drive Safe in Slovenia - Rhinocarhire.com|url=https://www.rhinocarhire.com/Drive-Smart-Blog/Drive-Smart-Slovenia.aspx|accessdate=2022-09-25|work=www.rhinocarhire.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Driving age for cars is 16 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 18.
|-
|{{flag|Spain}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |15 for mopeds and quads&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 16 for motorcycles up to 125&amp;nbsp;cc &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 18 for general licence&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/tramites-y-multas/permiso-de-conduccion/obtencion-permiso-licencia-conduccion/clases-permiso-conduccion-edad.shtml|title=Driving age Spain|accessdate=May 10, 2018|language=es}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|Sweden}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 for cars&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;15 for mopeds and tractors
|Driving age for cars is 16 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unrestricted licence available at 18.&lt;ref name=&quot;transportstyrelsen.se&quot; /&gt;
|-
|{{flag|Switzerland}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |Driving age for cars is 17 with supervision.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 for mopeds and tractors&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://driving-instructor.fahrlehrervergleich.ch/categories.php|title=Driver's license categories in Switzerland|accessdate=September 6, 2018|archivedate=September 7, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907032325/https://driving-instructor.fahrlehrervergleich.ch/categories.php}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17 (cars)
16 (mopeds and tractors)(cars if disabled and in receipt of PIP or DLA)

16 (Light Quadricycle)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Motoring/DriverLicensing/WhatCanYouDriveAndYourObligations/DG_4022547|title=Vehicles you can drive - GOV.UK|publisher=Direct.gov.uk|date=2015-01-16|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

=== Ebe ndị ọzọ dị na Europe ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
| Albania
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
|
|-
| Andorra
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.alltravelandorra.com/Andorra/Car_Rental/Driving_Tips.htm#8|title=Driving Tips for Andorra|accessdate=August 25, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409150846/http://www.alltravelandorra.com/Andorra/Car_Rental/Driving_Tips.htm|archivedate=April 9, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Armenia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rac.co.uk/driving-abroad/armenia/|title=Driving in Armenia|publisher=RAC|date=2013-01-10|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Azerbaijan
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=124827|title=Minimum driving age changed in Azerbaijan|accessdate=August 25, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707141601/http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=124827|archivedate=July 7, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Belarus
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/belarus.pdf|title=Belarus : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214065937/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/belarus.pdf|archivedate=14 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot; |16 - , ọgba tum tum tum (A1); 17 - ọgba tum na-agbagharị n'ike n'ike (A) na ụdị ọgba tum niile na-aga n'ihu, SPMs na bulldozers (C); 18 - ọgbagba tum tum niile (A), ụgbọala ndị nwere obere ụgbọala na ihe ruru bọs ndị njem 8 (B), ụgbọala ndị na-adọkpụ ụgbọala (C), ụdị ọgba ụgbọala niile (B), SPD (M), ụgbọala pụrụ iche (E) na ndị na ndị na DEF 21 trams).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://etalonline.by/?type=text&amp;regnum=H10800313|format=DOC|title=Закон Республики Беларусь от 5 января 2008 г. № 313-З &quot;О дорожном движении&quot;|publisher=etalonline.by|accessdate=8 February 2017|archivedate=11 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211080426/http://etalonline.by/?type=text&amp;regnum=H10800313}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bosnia and Herzegovina
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/bosnia-herzegovina.pdf|title=Bosnia Herzegovina : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214115554/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/bosnia-herzegovina.pdf|archivedate=14 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Georgia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://sagency.ge/index.php?m=177|title=Driving in Georgia|language=ka|publisher=RAC|accessdate=10 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603051202/http://www.sagency.ge/index.php?m=177|archivedate=3 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.gg/Licencecategories|title=Licence Categories - Guernsey|publisher=Gov.gg|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220204210/http://www.gov.gg/Licencecategories|archivedate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.iomguide.com/drivingontheisleofman.php|title=Isle of Man Guide - PEOPLE AND LIVING, Driving on the Isle of Man|publisher=Iomguide.com|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.je/Travel/Motoring/DriverLicensing/Pages/VehicleCategories.aspx|title=Driver licence vehicle categories, specifications and age restrictions|publisher=Gov.je|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rks-gov.net/EN/f311/documents/driving-licence|accessdate=2019-11-27|title=Driving Licence - State Portal of the Republic of Kosovo|archivedate=2019-11-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127201356/https://www.rks-gov.net/EN/f311/documents/driving-licence}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Moldova
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/moldova.asp|title=Au Pairs from Moldova - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626054837/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/moldova.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Monaco
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/europe/monaco?ta=safetySecurity&amp;pg=2|title=Monaco travel advice - GOV.UK|publisher=Fco.gov.uk|date=2014-10-31|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Montenegro
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/montenegro.pdf|title=Montenegro : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214060412/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/montenegro.pdf|archivedate=14 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|'' ''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18
|
|-
| North Macedonia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (16 na nlekọta nne na nna)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/macedonia.pdf|title=Macedonia : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214074448/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/macedonia.pdf|archivedate=14 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Russia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (16 maka ọgba tum tum)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rac.co.uk/driving-abroad/russia/|title=Driving in Russia|publisher=RAC|date=2010-08-06|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| San Marino
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/italy-san-marino.pdf|title=Italy and San Marino : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214114231/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/italy-san-marino.pdf|archivedate=14 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Serbia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (17 na nlekọta ndị okenye)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/serbia.pdf|title=Serbia : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315193339/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/serbia.pdf|archivedate=15 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Turkey
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (ụgbọ ala)16 (ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ọgba tum tum)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2015/04/20150417-3.htm|title=Turkey Driving Guide|publisher=Economy Car Hire|language=tr|accessdate=2016-09-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Ukraine
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/ukraine.pdf|title=Ukraine : Touring Tips|publisher=Theaa.com|accessdate=20 February 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220204813/http://www.theaa.com/motoring_advice/touring_tips/ukraine.pdf|archivedate=20 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/ukraine.asp|title=Au Pairs from Ukraine - Culture Quests|publisher=Aupairinamerica.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-09-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927044021/https://www.aupairinamerica.com/resources/culture_quests/ukraine.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

== Mba ndị mmiri gbara gburugburu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;100&quot; |Ọnọdụ
! width=&quot;130&quot; |Afọ ole ịkwọ ụgbọala kacha nta
! width=&quot;300&quot; |Ihe edeturu
|-
|''  (ókèala America)''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-American-Samoa.html|title=Driving in American Samoa|publisher=Adcidl.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2018-09-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928092433/http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-American-Samoa.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Australia
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18 (VIC) 17 (ACT, NSW, SA, WA) 161⁄2 afọ (NT) 16 (QLD)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.qld.gov.au/transport/licensing/getting/young-drivers|title=Young drivers &amp;#124; Getting a licence}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Afọ kacha nta iji nweta akwụkwọ ikike ụgbọ ala ma ọ bụ ọgba tum tum nke na-enye ohere ịkwọ ụgbọala n'okpuru nlekọta bụ afọ 15 na ọnwa 9, na ACT.&lt;ref name=&quot;Canberra&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Canberra|first=Access Canberra; PositionTitle=Manager; SectionName=Access Canberra; CorporateName=Access|title=ACT driver licence information|url=https://www.accesscanberra.act.gov.au/app/answers/detail/a_id/1581/~/act-driver-licence-information|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=www.accesscanberra.act.gov.au|language=en|archivedate=2021-01-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124210219/https://www.accesscanberra.act.gov.au/app/answers/detail/a_id/1581/~/act-driver-licence-information}}&lt;/ref&gt; Steeti na mpaghara ndị ọzọ niile chọrọ ka ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na-amụta ihe dị afọ 16 ma ọ bụ karịa. Ịkwọ ụgbọala na-enweghị onye nlekọta site n'ịga n'ihu na ikikere nwa oge ga-ekwe omume mgbe ọnwa 12 gasịrị, na obere awa a na-elekọta (gụnyere ịkwọ ụgbọala n'abalị) achọrọ n'ụdị akwụkwọ ndekọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Roads and Maritime Services|first=N. S. W.|title=Practical driving experience - learner driver log book|url=https://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roads/licence/driver/learner/logbook/index.html|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=Roads and Maritime Services|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=VicRoads|date=2020-01-20|title=Your learner handbooks|url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au:443/licences/your-ls/your-learner-handbooks|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=VicRoads|language=en-au}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Learner logbook {{!}} Getting a licence|url=https://www.qld.gov.au/transport/licensing/getting/learner-logbook|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=www.qld.gov.au|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=JO|title=Car (C)|url=https://www.transport.wa.gov.au/licensing/car-c.asp|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=www.transport.wa.gov.au|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=My car licence - Learner's stage (L)|url=https://mylicence.sa.gov.au/my-car-licence/learners-stage|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=mylicence.sa.gov.au|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Getting your Ps|url=https://www.transport.tas.gov.au/licensing/getting_your_car_licence/getting_your_ps|work=Transport Services Tasmania}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Canberra&quot; /&gt; Ewezuga nke a bụ Northern Territory, ebe ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na-amụta ihe nwere ike ịga n'ihu na ikikere nwa oge mgbe ọnwa 6 gasịrị, na-enweghị mkpa maka ule ịkwọ ụgbọala ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndekọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Government|first=Northern Territory|date=2020-10-06|title=Get your driver licence|url=https://nt.gov.au/driving/driverlicence/getting-an-nt-licence/get-your-driver-licence|accessdate=2021-02-22|work=nt.gov.au|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fiji
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |17&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ltafiji.com/registration_licensing.php|title=Land Transport Authority - &quot;Steering Fiji Safely&quot;|publisher=Ltafiji.com|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106015321/http://www.ltafiji.com/registration_licensing.php|archivedate=2014-11-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.jasons.com/fiji/transportation-in-fiji|title=Transportation in Fiji - Jasons Fiji|publisher=Jasons.com|accessdate=2015-02-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|''  (ókèala America)''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghsa.org/html/stateinfo/bystate/gu.html|title=Guam Highway Safety Laws|publisher=Ghsa.org|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2016-10-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023050737/http://www.ghsa.org/html/stateinfo/bystate/gu.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Marshall Islands
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Marshall+Islands/Do's+and+Don'ts|title=Marshall Islands Travel Tips|accessdate=August 27, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127010248/http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Marshall%2BIslands/Do%27s%2Band%2BDon%27ts|archivedate=January 27, 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| New Zealand
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |16
|Afọ kacha nta iji nweta akwụkwọ ikike onye na-amụ ụgbọ ala ma ọ bụ ọgba tum tum nke na-enye ohere ịkwọ ụgbọala n'okpuru nlekọta bụ 16. Afọ kacha nta iji nweta ikikere zuru oke, na-enweghị nlekọta ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ọ bụla, bụ afọ 171⁄2 ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọkwọ ụgbọala emechacha usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala dị elu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://nzta.govt.nz/licence/getting/cars/car-licence.html|title=Your car licence|publisher=Nzta.govt.nz|accessdate=20 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Enweghị usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala dị elu, afọ kacha nta bụ 18, otu ihe ahụ dị ka akwụkwọ ikike ụgbọ ala dị arọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.drivingtests.co.nz/resources/class-2-truck-licence/|title=Class 2 licence|date=21 August 2017|accessdate=1 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|- 
|'' Northern Mariana Islands (ókèala America)''
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |Afọ iri na ise ọnwa isii&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghsa.org/html/stateinfo/bystate/nmi.html|title=Northern Mariana Islands Highway Safety Laws|publisher=Ghsa.org|accessdate=2015-02-20|archivedate=2016-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104175658/http://www.ghsa.org/html/stateinfo/bystate/nmi.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Papua New Guinea
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://rta.gov.pg/pdfs/licences&amp;approvals/RTR_LicensingOfDrivers2017.pdf|title=Licensing of Drivers 2017|publisher=rta.gov.pg|accessdate=2022-04-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| Tonga
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |18&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Tonga/Do's+and+Don'ts|title=Tonga — Travel Tips|publisher=iExplore|accessdate=2015-02-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050307041704/http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Tonga/Do's+and+Don'ts|archivedate=2005-03-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|}

== Lee kwa ==
 

* Ndị ntorobịa
* [[Youth suffrage|Ikike ndị ntorobịa nwere ịtụ vootu]]
* [[Youth rights|Ikike ndị ntorobịa]]
* Afọ ị ga-azọ ọkwa
* Afọ ole a ga-eme ntụli aka

== Ebemsidee ==</text>
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    <title>Marcelle Capy</title>
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[[Usòrò:Marcelle_Capy.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Marcelle_Capy.jpg|thumb|Marcelle Capy]]
'''Marcelle Capy''' bụ aha njirimara nke '''Marcelle Marquès''' (1891 Xi 1962), onye [[France]] na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye nta akụkọ, onye na-ahụ maka ụmụnwanyị na onye na-eme udo. O bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ site n'afọ 1916 ruo afọ 1950, ha niile raara onwe ha nye mmasị ya na pacifism. A na-echeta ya karịsịa maka ihe nrite ya Des hommes passèrent (''Ndị'' Nwoke Gafere), nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1930. Dị ka onye nta akụkọ, o nyere aka n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, ọkachasị La Vague nke o guzobere n'afọ 1918. Na mbido afọ 1930, ọ bụ onye otu Ligue internationale des combattants de la paix (International League of Fighters for Peace).&lt;ref name=&quot;cities&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cities.reseaudesvilles.fr/cities/134/documents/02c7tdm4ocmjo.pdf|title=L'autre chemin des dames|publisher=Compagnie Ecart Théâtre|date=2014|accessdate=28 January 2019|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ls&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/w/wsfh/0642292.0039.020/--marcelle-capys-journalism-and-fiction-on-war-peace?rgn=main;view=fulltext|title=Marcelle Capy's Journalism and Fiction on War, Peace and Women's Work, 1916-1936|author=Stewart, Lynn|publisher=Journal of the Western Society for French History, Vol. 39|date=2011|accessdate=28 January 2019|language=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ ya n'ụbọchị 16 Machị n'afọ 1891 na Cherbourg, Eugénie Marie Marcelle Marquès bụ nwa nwanyị nke abụọ nke Jean Marquès, onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, na nwunye ya Marceline Capy.&lt;ref name=&quot;mavg&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://api.research-repository.uwa.edu.au/portalfiles/portal/9834906/Goldswain_Margaret_2014.pdf|title=Overlooked and Overshadowed: French Women's Writing 1900-1938|author=Goldswain, Margaret Ann Victoria|publisher=University of Western Australia|date=2014|accessdate=28 January 2019|language=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.medias19.org/index.php?id=15740|title=Marcelle Capy|publisher=Médias 19|accessdate=28 January 2019|language=French|archivedate=29 January 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129010839/http://www.medias19.org/index.php?id=15740}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dị ka nwatakịrị, ọ na-anọkarị na nne nne ya na ugbo ha na Pradines na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ France. Ọ mụtara banyere ihe efu nke agha site n'aka nna nna ya nke lụrụ agha na Agha Franco-Prussian.&lt;ref name=&quot;mavg&quot; /&gt; Ọ bịarutere nso na nne na nna nna ya nke na ọ nabatara aha ha, bụrụ Marcelle Capy.&lt;ref name=&quot;maitron&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://maitron-en-ligne.univ-paris1.fr/spip.php?article103709|title=CAPY Marcelle [née MARQUÈS Marcelle]|publisher=Le Maitron|author=Raymond, Jusinien|accessdate=29 January 2019|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Toulouse, na-agbanye aha na nsonaazụ magburu onwe ya. Ka ọ nọ na Toulouse, na-ezube ịghọ onye nkuzi, ọ gara n'ihu na-aga klas nkwadebe maka École normale supérieure de Sèvres mana, mgbe ọ nụsịrị okwu gbasara Tolstoy site n'aka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Socialist Jean Jaurès mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, o kpebiri kama ịghọ onye nta akụkọ na Paris.&lt;ref name=&quot;mavg&quot;/&gt; Site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu, ọrụ ndụ ya bụ ilekwasị anya na pacifism, ọrụ ụmụnwanyị na ọha mmadụ nke oge a, na humanitarian socialism na-ekwu maka ahụhụ na ịda ogbenye.&lt;ref name=&quot;cities&quot;/&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
N'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ na-enye aka na ọtụtụ ''akwụkwọ akụkọ'', gụnyere La Voix des femmes, Journal du peuple na Hommes de jour. Site n'ọnwa [[Septemba]] 1913, edemede ya na akwụkwọ ndị ọrụ aka Bataille syndicaliste kpuchiri ọnọdụ dị egwu a na-etinye n'ahụ ụmụnwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ịkpa ákwà nke France, dabere na ahụmịhe nke onwe ya nke ịrụ ọrụ n'akụkụ ha. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 1915, ya na onye mmekọ ya Fernand Desprès, a manyere ya ịhapụ Bataille syndicaliste nke kwadoro Union sacrée na-akwado gọọmentị n'oge ''Agha'' Ụwa Mbụ, ebe di na nwunye ahụ nọgidere na-akwado udo.&lt;ref name=&quot;mavg&quot;/&gt;

Ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ede akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ, n'afọ 1916 Capy bipụtara ọrụ mbụ ya, Une voix de femme au-dessus de la mélée (A Women's Voice in the Fray) na okwu mbido nke Romain Rolland, na-akatọ ebube nke agha na ike nke ndị agha. N'ihi Agha Ụwa Mbụ, a machibidoro ọrụ ahụ nke ukwuu.&lt;ref name=&quot;ls&quot;/&gt; Ọrụ ndị yiri ya sochiri, gụnyere La défense de la vie (1918) na L'Amour roi (1925), nke ikpeazụ na-ejikọta nkwenkwe ya nke Ndị Kraịst ọhụrụ na-elekwasị anya na pacifism.&lt;ref name=&quot;mavg&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://archives.quercy.net/hommes/mcapy.html|title=Marcelle Capy: une voix de femme au dessus de la mêlée|author=Gayet, Pierre|publisher=Le Quercy|date=21 October 1995|accessdate=29 January 2019|language=French|archivedate=29 January 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129235924/http://archives.quercy.net/hommes/mcapy.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọrụ ya kachasị nwee ihe ịga nke ọma bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Des hommes passèrent nke e nyere ihe nrite Séverine na 1930. Ọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere ndị mkpọrọ [[Germany]] na-arụ ọrụ n'ugbo ndị France mgbe a kpọrọ ndị ọrụ mpaghara ka ha gaa n'ihu.&lt;ref name=&quot;ChaperonBard2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chaperon|first=Sylvie|title=Dictionnaire des féministes. France - XVIIIe-XXIe siècle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zFMrDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT228|year=2017|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France|isbn=978-2-13-078722-8|pages=228–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọkpụkpọ maka fraternity, a na-etinye ya na Pradines ebe Capy nọrọ ọtụtụ oge n'oge ọ bụ nwata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gauchemip.org/spip.php?article1991|title=Marcelle Capy Une voix féministe pacifiste de 1913 à 1918|publisher=Midi Insoumis|date=8 December 2018|accessdate=29 January 2019|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Onye ọkà okwu ihu ọha ruru eru, ọ sonyere na nzukọ na Europe, United States na Canada. N'afọ 1924, o guzobere otu agụmakwụkwọ na-ahụ maka udo nke a na-akpọ Les Amis de la Paix ma gaa nzukọ Women's International League for Peace and Freedom na [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], D.C. N'afọ 1916, ọ gwara okwu na nzukọ Femmes pour la Paix et la Liberté na Geneva.&lt;ref name=&quot;mavg&quot;/&gt;

Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ, mana ndị Nazi katọrọ ya dị ka onye Kọmunist n'afọ 1943 ma wakpo ụlọ ya na Pradines. Laa azụ na Paris, n'afọ 1944 o nyere aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ na-ahụ maka udo Germinal, na-ede akụkọ gbasara mmadụ. Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ya na nwanne ya nwanyị Jeanne Marquès gara ''Ijipt'', bipụta [[Egypt|L'Egypte]] au coeur du monde n'afọ 1950.

== Ndụ o mesịrị ==
Na ngwụcha afọ 1950, ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ ya na Pradines. Ọ nwụrụ n'ebe ahụ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị 5, 1962, mgbe ọ ghọsịrị Onye Kraịst na-anụ ọkụ n'obi n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya. E liri ya na ndị ikwu nne ya na ili ozu Pradines.&lt;ref name=&quot;maitron&quot;/&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme udo

== Ebensidee ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Mel Duncan</title>
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'''Melvin Earl Duncan bụ''' onye (amụrụ na Mee 22, 1950 na Davenport, [[Áyowạ|Iowa]]) bụ kọwara onye guzobere Executive Director nke Nonviolent Peaceforce (NP), otu ndị nkịtị na-ahụ maka ụdo nke dị na Brussels.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nonviolentpeaceforce.org/2014-09-01-15-46-50 |title=Nonviolent Peaceforce FAQ |accessdate=2022-10-15 |archivedate=2017-10-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012053425/http://www.nonviolentpeaceforce.org/2014-09-01-15-46-50 }}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nzere bachelọ na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Macalester College na St. Paul, [[Minésótạ|Minnesota]] na Master of Arts na Humanities na Leadership na New College of California.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nonviolentpeaceforce.org/profiles/mel-duncan Nonviolent Peaceforce Executive Director profile]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
N'afọ 1979, Duncan nyere aka ịhazi Advocating Change Together (ACT), otu nkwado onwe onye mbụ na US maka ndị nwere nkwarụ mmepe ma mesịa bụrụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Minnesota Jobs na Peace Campaign na Minnesota Alliance for Progressive Action.  Ọrụ afọ ofufo ya gụnyere ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme udo n'ókè Nicaragua n'oge agha Contra, na-ebute ọgwụ na Iraq, na ịrụ ọrụ maka nhọpụta nke US Senator Paul Wellstone na 1990.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nonviolentpeaceforce.org/profiles/mel-duncan Nonviolent Peaceforce Executive Director profile]&lt;/ref&gt;

Duncan zutere onye na-akwado udo, David Hartsough na Hague Appeal for Peace na May 1999. Ha abụọ malitere ịtọ ntọala maka otu mba ụwa na-abụghị nke gọọmentị iji tinye atụmatụ na-abụghị ime ihe ike n'ọrụ maka mgbochi na ibelata ime ihe ike na mpaghara esemokwu. Dabere na echiche Mohandas Gandhi banyere Shanti Sena ma ọ bụ &quot;ndị agha udo,&quot; ihe nlereanya ahụ na-agụnye iji ndị na-ahụ maka udo na-azụ, ndị na-enweghị ihe agha na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị otu mpaghara iji mepụta ohere maka ngwọta esemokwu na-enweghị ime ihe ike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nonviolentpeaceforce.org/faq |title=Nonviolent Peaceforce FAQ |accessdate=2022-10-15 |archivedate=2014-10-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191450/http://www.nonviolentpeaceforce.org/faq }}&lt;/ref&gt;

E guzobere Nonviolent Peaceforce na afọ 2002 na Duncan dị ka onye isi nchịkwa ma kemgbe ahụ na-arụ ọrụ udo na Sri Lanka, Philippines, Guatemala na [[Sudan]].&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Untold Stories: Nonviolent Peaceforce and the Work of Reconciliation,&quot; Pulitzer Center. {{Cite web|url=http://pulitzercenter.typepad.com/untold_stories/2009/09/nonviolent-peaceforce-is-an-unarmed-professional-civilian-peacekeeping-force-that-is-invited-to-work-in-conflict-zones-world.html|title=Untold Stories: Nonviolent Peaceforce and the work of reconciliation|accessdate=2009-12-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908033907/http://pulitzercenter.typepad.com/untold_stories/2009/09/nonviolent-peaceforce-is-an-unarmed-professional-civilian-peacekeeping-force-that-is-invited-to-work-in-conflict-zones-world.html|archivedate=2009-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;  N'afọ 2007, e nyere NP ọnọdụ ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche na Kansụl akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke United Nations.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://esango.un.org/irene/?page=viewProfile&amp;type=ngo&amp;nr=3067&amp;section=9 |title=ECOSOC Civil Society Network |accessdate=2022-10-15 |archivedate=2017-03-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327133810/http://esango.un.org/irene/?page=viewProfile&amp;type=ngo&amp;nr=3067&amp;section=9 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Onyinye ===
Ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ Duncan gụnyere 2006 Distinguished Citizen Award site na Macalester College na 2007 International Pfeffer Peace Award site na Fellowship of Reconciliation.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=FOR to Hold Third Annual Festival of Peace in Nyack|publisher=[[Fellowship of Reconciliation (United States)|Fellowship of Reconciliation]]|url=http://forusa.org/content/for-hold-third-annual-festival-peace-nyack|accessdate=18 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119084030/http://forusa.org/content/for-hold-third-annual-festival-peace-nyack|archivedate=19 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2008, Utne Reader kpọrọ ya otu n'ime &quot;50 Visionaries who are Changing Your World&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.utne.com/2008-11-13/50-Visionaries-Who-Are-Changing-Your-World.aspx Utne Reader. 13 Nov 2008]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-eme udo

== Ndemsibia ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mimisen Iyorhe</title>
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'''Mimisen Iyorhe''' '''Calvin-Onwuka's''' (amụrụ 02 Maachị 1984) bụ onye referee Naijiria maka bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria - M. Iyorhe - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/referees/mimisen-iyorhe/589178/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ onye mbụ ga-eleba anya na njedebe nke AFCON. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị referee edepụtara ka ọ bụrụ onye isi na 2022 FIFA U20 World Cup na Costa Rica. Ugbua ọ bụ referee FIFA kacha elu n'okpuru otu bọọlụ Naịjirịa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WAFCON2022: Nigeria's Mimisen Iyorhe gets tournament final appointment|url=https://www.aclsports.com/wafcon2022-nigerias-mimisen-iyorhe-gets-tournament-final-appointment/|work=ACLSports|date=2022-07-21|accessdate=2023-03-27|language=en-GB|author=Fisayo Dairo|archivedate=2023-03-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327195020/https://www.aclsports.com/wafcon2022-nigerias-mimisen-iyorhe-gets-tournament-final-appointment/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria's Iyorhe listed among referees for maiden CAF Women's Champions League final|url=https://www.thecable.ng/nigerias-iyorhe-listed-among-referees-for-maiden-caf-women-champions-league-final|work=TheCable|date=2021-11-19|accessdate=2023-03-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Kemgbe o wetara nzere FIFA ya, ọ haziri asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị Africa abụọ, na Jenụwarị 2021, ya na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ ndị ọzọ, mere akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka ndị otu ndị ụmụ nwanyị bụ referee maka asọmpi ụmụ nwoke Africa. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ndị ọrụ FIFA Elite A Match na otu n'ime ndị referee ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria abụọ ahọpụtara maka asọmpi FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023 nke Australia na New Zealand kwadoro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria's Ndidi Madu, Mimisen Iyorhe For WAFCON FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2022/05/30/nigerias-ndidi-madu-mimisen-iyorhe-for-wafcon-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cu/|work=FRCN HQ|date=2022-05-30|accessdate=2023-03-27|language=en-US|author=Asari Benjamin|archivedate=2023-03-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327195020/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2022/05/30/nigerias-ndidi-madu-mimisen-iyorhe-for-wafcon-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cu/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ sorola ọtụtụ egwuregwu bọọlụ. Lee okpokoro n'okpuru maka ozi ndị ọzọ&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Egwuregwu bọọlụ ọ rụrụ ọrụ referee ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Egwuregwu bọọlụ
!Ubochi
!Ụdị Egwuregwu
!Otu bọọlu
!Ihe ha gbatara
!otu bọọlu
!Ụdị referee o bụ
!Edensibia
|-
|19/11/22
|FIFA U20 Women's World Cup (FUW)
|Mexico U20
|1 - 0
|Germany U20
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - FIFA U20 Women's World Cup - World - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/world/u20-womens-world-cup/2020/group-stage/group-b/g13216/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|11/08/22
|FUW
|Japan U20
|1 - 0
|Netherlands U20
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - FIFA U20 Women's World Cup - World - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/world/u20-womens-world-cup/2020/group-stage/group-d/g13218/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328151227/https://ng.soccerway.com/international/world/u20-womens-world-cup/2020/group-stage/group-d/g13218/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|23/07/22
|CWA
|Morocco
|1 - 0
|South Africa
|onye inyeaka nke mbụ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - CAF Women's Africa Cup of Nations - Africa - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-championship--wc-qualifying-africa/2022/s19084/final-stages/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328114147/https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-championship--wc-qualifying-africa/2022/s19084/final-stages/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|14/07/22
|CWA
|South Africa
|1 - 0
|Tunisia
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|08/07/22
|CWA
|Burkina Faso
|2 - 2
|Uganda
|onye inyeaka nke mbụ
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|03/07/22
|CWA
|Tunisia
|4 - 1
|Togo
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|08/06/22
|Tournoi Maurice Rovello (TMR)
|Ghana U20
|2 - 1
|Saudi Arabia U20
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - Tournoi Maurice Revello - World - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/world/world-youth-festival-toulon/2020/s17848/final-stages/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|01/06/22
|TMR
|Panama U23
|0 - 1
|Argentina U20
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - Tournoi Maurice Revello - World - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/world/world-youth-festival-toulon/2020/group-stage/group-a/g14834/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|05/12/21
|CCC
|Al Ahli Tripoli
|P1 - 0
|Stade Malien Bamako
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - CAF Confederation Cup - Africa - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-confederation-cup/20212022/play-offs/r65244/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|19/11/21
|CWC
|Hasaaacas
|0 - 2
|Mamelodi Sundowns
|onye inyeaka nke abụọ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - CAF Women's Champions League - Africa - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-womens-champions-league/2021/s20851/final-stages/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328145723/https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-womens-champions-league/2021/s20851/final-stages/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|11/11/21
|CAF Women's Championship (CWC)
|Mandé
|1 - 1
|Malabo Kings
|Onye inyeaka nke mbụ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - CAF Women's Champions League - Africa - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-womens-champions-league/2021/group-stage/group-a/g18955/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328135709/https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-womens-champions-league/2021/group-stage/group-a/g18955/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|08/11/21
|CWC
|Wadi Degla
|0 - 3
|Malabo Kings
|Onye inyeaka nke  abụọ
|
|-
|05/09/21
|CWC
|Rwanda
|1 - 1
|Kenya
|Onye inyeaka nke  abụọ
|
|-
|23/01/21
|CAF African Nations Championship (CAN)
|Namibia
|0 - 1
|Tanzania
|Onye inyeaka nke  abụọ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - CAF African Nations Championship - Africa - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/african-nations-championship/2020/group-stage/group-d/g12378/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328115648/https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/african-nations-championship/2020/group-stage/group-d/g12378/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|17/11/18
|CAF Women's Africa Cup of Nations (CWC)
|Mali
|1 - 2
|Cameroon
|Onye inyeaka nke  mbụ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summary - CAF Women's Africa Cup of Nations - Africa - Results, fixtures, tables and news - Soccerway|url=https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-championship--wc-qualifying-africa/2018/group-stage/group-a/g10686/|work=ng.soccerway.com|accessdate=2023-03-28|archivedate=2023-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328115652/https://ng.soccerway.com/international/africa/caf-championship--wc-qualifying-africa/2018/group-stage/group-a/g10686/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Edensibịa ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ Mpuga ==

* [https://twitter.com/mimiverite?lang=en '''Mimisen Iyorhe na Twitter''']
* [https://ng.linkedin.com/in/mimisen-iyorhe Mimisen Iyorhe na LinkedIn]
* [https://www.eurosport.com/football/mimisen-agatha-iyorhe_prs521959/person.shtml Mimisen Iyorhe  na Euro sports]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230327195018/https://ng.soccerway.com/referees/mimisen-iyorhe/589178/ Soccer Way Profile]

[[Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria]]
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Microbial Ecology nke Mmiri</title>
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      <text bytes="1241" sha1="29qfbmomo0znax4dn92427dj6wzzsfz" xml:space="preserve">Aquatic Microbial Ecology bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị na-enyocha kwa ọnwa nke ndị ọgbọ na-ekpuchi akụkụ niile nke mgbanwe microbial mmiri, ọkachasị nje, prokaryotes na eukaryotes n'ime mmiri, limnetic, na ebe obibi brackish.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=AME informatio n|url=https://www.int-res.com/journals/ame/about-the-journal/|work=Aquatic Microbial Ecology|publisher=Inter Research|accessdate=11 June 2019|archivedate=18 May 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518130140/https://www.int-res.com/journals/ame/about-the-journal/}}&lt;/ref&gt; P. Bougis na F. Rassoulzadegan guzobere akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ dị ka Marine Microbial Food Webs n'afọ 1985, wee nweta aha ya ugbu a n'afọ 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.int-res.com/journals/ame/about-the-journal/|title=About the Journal|publisher=Inter Research Journals|accessdate=2023-04-18|archivedate=2019-05-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518130140/https://www.int-res.com/journals/ame/about-the-journal/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ Inter Research na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ugbu a.

== Nchịkọta na ndepụta ==
A na-edepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ma wepụ ya na:
 

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Baladi</title>
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      <text bytes="3119" sha1="tfhintktjjg5nfn10eomh97pn99z20z" xml:space="preserve">Baladi (Arabic: بلدي baladī; nnọchiaha 'nke obodo', 'ọnụmara', &quot;ime ime obodo&quot;, nke a pụrụ iji tụnyere  ndị Bekee, nke nwere nkọwa dị ala) nwere ịna akọwa maka ụdị egwu [[Egypt|ndị Ijipt]], ụdị egwu akụkọ nke ndị Egypt (Raqs Balad), maọbụ Masmoudi Sogheir rhythm, bụ nke e jiri ya mee ihe ugboro na egwu '''baladi'''. A na-asụkwa ya mgbe ụfọdụ n'asụsụ Bekee dịka 'beledi' maọbụ 'baladee'.

N'Ijipt, okwu baladi anaghị emetụta naanị egwu na ịgba egwú, ọ pụkwara imetụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ a na-ewere dịka obodo, ime obodo maọbụ ọdịnala, dịka achịcha baladi' maọbụ 'Aish ''Baladi'''. A na-etinyekwa ya n'ụdị nri na ọkachasị mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri ndị si n'ime ime obodo.

== Egwú na ịgba egwú Baladi ==
''Baladi'' pụtara 'nke mba' ma bụrụ ụdị ịgba egwú ọdịnala ndị Ijipt site na mmalite narị afọ nke 20 nke ka na-ewu ewu. Ya mere, Ijipt ''Beledi'' pụtara nke mba Ijipti'.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.atlantabellydance.com/Overview/EgyptianFolkloric.html|title=Overview of Belly Dance: Egyptian Folkloric style belly dancing|work=www.atlantabellydance.com|accessdate=2017-12-27|archivedate=2022-11-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108172533/https://www.atlantabellydance.com/Overview/EgyptianFolkloric.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere mgbe ndị ọrụ ugbo kwagara n'obodo ahụ wee malite ịgba egwú na obere oghere. Ndị Ijipt nwere ndị Baladi, achịcha Balada, rhythms Balad, egwu Balati na ịgba egwu baladi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://bellydanceu.net/styles/bellydance-styles-egyptian-baladi/|title=Learn Bellydance Styles: Egyptian Baladi - Bellydance U|date=2015-08-01|work=Bellydance U|accessdate=2017-12-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.shira.net/baladi.htm|title=&quot;Baladi&quot; by Hossam Ramzy|author=Elliot|first=Shira Julie|work=www.shira.net|accessdate=2017-12-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Baladi nwere ike iwere ụdị abụ ọdịnala, ọtụtụ mgbe na-enwe usoro ngalaba-abụ . ụfọdụ na ihe atụ ndị a ma ama gụnyere &quot;That il Shibbak&quot; na &quot;Hassan ya Koulli&quot;. E nwekwara ụdị egwu a na-akpọ improvised n'ụdị baladi.

== Nri Baladi ==
Na ụfọdụ mba ndị dị n'Etiti Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa, a na-ere ụfọdụ mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri ma kpọsaa ha dịka ngwaahịa &quot;baladi&quot;, ya bụ, nke sitere n'okike, ọhụrụ, ndị a zụlitere na ndị abụghị aghawuru aghawu, nke a naghị ere mkpụrụ va na nke a ma na ya na ahịa ndị ọrụ ugbo ma nwee ihe ngosi ma ọ bụ ihe oriri pụrụ iche, dịka fan-like baladi eggplant, maọbụ obere balad cucumber nke nwere ntutu nke ejiri maka pickling. Eish baladi ma ọ bụ aish bladi bụ achịcha dị larịị nke Ijipt nke yiri pita.

== Hụkwa ==

* Egwú ndị Ijipt
* Egwú afọ
* Egwú nke Ijipt
* Rhythm na egwu Arabic

== Edemsibịa ==
{{Reflist}}

==weebụsaịtị ndị ọzọ==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JyQxjRnIiS4&amp;list=PLy0fGAd6JCngmRVg0G0j6lsjFZG9bxhZI Egyptian-Turkish music &amp; dance]</text>
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      <text bytes="3119" sha1="aaji4a3u4b4nfcn1tti8yoktvww1iq1" xml:space="preserve">Baladi (Arabic: بلدي baladī; nnọchiaha 'nke obodo', 'ọnụmara', &quot;ime ime obodo&quot;, nke a pụrụ iji tụnyere  ndị Bekee, nke nwere nkọwa dị ala) nwere ịna akọwa maka ụdị egwu [[Egypt|ndị Ijipt]], ụdị egwu akụkọ nke ndị Egypt (Raqs Balad), maọbụ Masmoudi Sogheir rhythm, bụ nke e jiri ya mee ihe ugboro na egwu '''baladi'''. A na-asụkwa ya mgbe ụfọdụ n'asụsụ Bekee dịka 'beledi' maọbụ 'baladee'.

N'Ijipt, okwu baladi anaghị emetụta naanị egwu na ịgba egwú, ọ pụkwara imetụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ a na-ewere dịka obodo, ime obodo maọbụ ọdịnala, dịka achịcha baladi' maọbụ 'Aish ''Baladi'''. A na-etinyekwa ya n'ụdị nri na ọkachasị mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri ndị si n'ime ime obodo.

== Egwú na ịgba egwú Baladi ==
''Baladi'' pụtara 'nke mba' ma bụrụ ụdị ịgba egwú ọdịnala ndị Ijipt site na mmalite narị afọ nke 20 nke ka na-ewu ewu. Ya mere, Ijipt ''Beledi'' pụtara nke mba Ijipti'.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.atlantabellydance.com/Overview/EgyptianFolkloric.html|title=Overview of Belly Dance: Egyptian Folkloric style belly dancing|work=www.atlantabellydance.com|accessdate=2017-12-27|archivedate=2022-11-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108172533/https://www.atlantabellydance.com/Overview/EgyptianFolkloric.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere mgbe ndị ọrụ ugbo kwagara n'obodo ahụ wee malite ịgba egwú na obere oghere. Ndị Ijipt nwere ndị Baladi, achịcha Balada, rhythms Balad, egwu Balati na ịgba egwu baladi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://bellydanceu.net/styles/bellydance-styles-egyptian-baladi/|title=Learn Bellydance Styles: Egyptian Baladi - Bellydance U|date=2015-08-01|work=Bellydance U|accessdate=2017-12-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.shira.net/baladi.htm|title=&quot;Baladi&quot; by Hossam Ramzy|author=Elliot|first=Shira Julie|work=www.shira.net|accessdate=2017-12-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Baladi nwere ike iwere ụdị abụ ọdịnala, ọtụtụ mgbe na-enwe usoro ngalaba-abụ . ụfọdụ na ihe atụ ndị a ma ama gụnyere &quot;That il Shibbak&quot; na &quot;Hassan ya Koulli&quot;. E nwekwara ụdị egwu a na-akpọ improvised n'ụdị baladi.

== Nri Baladi ==
Na ụfọdụ mba ndị dị n'Etiti Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa, a na-ere ụfọdụ mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri ma kpọsaa ha dịka ngwaahịa &quot;baladi&quot;, ya bụ, nke sitere n'okike, ọhụrụ, ndị a zụlitere na ndị abụghị aghawuru aghawu, nke a naghị ere mkpụrụ va na nke a ma na ya na ahịa ndị ọrụ ugbo ma nwee ihe ngosi ma ọ bụ ihe oriri pụrụ iche, dịka fan-like baladi eggplant, maọbụ obere balad cucumber nke nwere ntutu nke ejiri maka pickling. Eish baladi ma ọ bụ aish bladi bụ achịcha dị larịị nke Ijipt nke yiri pita.

== Hụkwa ==

* Egwú ndị Ijipt
* Egwú afọ
* Egwú nke Ijipt
* Rhythm na egwu Arabic

== Edemsibịa ==
{{Reflist}}

==weebụsaịtị ndị ọzọ==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JyQxjRnIiS4&amp;list=PLy0fGAd6JCngmRVg0G0j6lsjFZG9bxhZI Egyptian/Turkish music &amp; dance]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jonathan Sriranganathan</title>
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'''Jonathan Sriranganathan''' (/ˈsriːrʌŋɡənɑːðən/ SREE-rung-gə-nah-dhən; né Sri) bụ onye Australia na-eme ihe ike na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.&lt;ref name=&quot;personal news&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=448083557172056|title=Some personal news…|author=Sriranganathan|first=Jonathan|publisher=[[Facebook]]|date=1 August 2022|accessdate=29 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ onye kansụl mbụ nke Queensland Greens, na-anọchite anya The Gabba Ward na Brisbane City Council site na 2016 ruo 2023.&lt;ref name=&quot;gabbaward&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/about-council/governance-strategy/councillors-wards/gabba-ward|title=The Gabba Ward|date=2016-03-09|work=www.brisbane.qld.gov.au|language=en|accessdate=2022-08-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
Sriranganathan nwere Bachelor of Laws (Hons) na Bachelor of Arts na majors na Journalism na Aboriginal na Torres Strait Islander Studies site na Mahadum nke Queensland. Ọ rụburu ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ iwu ụlọ ọrụ. Tupu a họpụta ya, ọ bụ onye na-agụ egwú ma na-ede uri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://greens.org.au/qld/person/jonathan-sri|title=Jonathan Sri, Councillor for the Gabba Ward|work=The Australian Greens|language=en|accessdate=2019-11-06|archivedate=2019-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106223631/https://greens.org.au/qld/person/jonathan-sri}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ==

=== ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị steeti ===
Sriranganathan guzoro dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa ndị Green maka South Brisbane na ntuli aka steeti Queensland nke afọ 2015, ebe o nwetara 21.8% nke votu mbụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/qld-election-2015/guide/sbri/|title=South Brisbane - Queensland Election 2015 - Qld Election 2015 (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|work=ABC News|language=en-AU|accessdate=2017-10-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Onye bụbu onye omeiwu Labour bụ Jackie Trad meriri ya, wee bụrụ onye nke atọ na-esote Liberal National Party.

=== ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo ===
Sriranganathan guzoro dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa maka The Gabba Ward na ntuli aka 2016 Brisbane City Council, nke emere na 19 Machị, ebe ọ nwetara 31.7% nke votu mbụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/brisbane-city-council-2016/wards/tgab/|title=The Gabba - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|work=ABC News|language=en-AU|accessdate=2017-10-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nhọrọ sitere n'aka onye na-azọ ọkwa onye ọrụ, Nicole Lessio, nyere Sriranganathan 55% nke votu abụọ kachasị amasị, ọ kwupụtakwara mmeri na 23 Machị mgbe ọ natara oku nkwenye site n'aka Lessio.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-03-23/greens-win-first-queensland-council-seat-gabba-sri/7270758|title=Greens win first Queensland local government seat|date=2016-03-23|work=ABC News|accessdate=2017-10-24|language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/mar/23/queensland-elects-its-first-greens-councillor-jonathan-sri|title=Queensland elects its first Greens councillor, Jonathan Sri|author=Robertson|first=Joshua|date=2016-03-23|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2017-10-24|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ṅụrụ ya iyi na 12 Eprel 2016, na-aghọ onye kansụl mbụ nke ndị Green n'ebe ọ bụla na Queensland, na onye mbụ nke ihe nketa Sri Lankan Tamil.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/four-new-brisbane-councillors-representing-three-parties-with-one-aim-20160412-go4snj.html|title=Four new Brisbane councillors, representing three parties, with one aim|author=Atfield|first=Cameron|date=2016-04-12|work=Brisbane Times|accessdate=2017-10-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;brisbanetimes&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/sri-lays-down-his-roots-in-council-with-a-rap-20160426-gofl83.html|title=Sri lays down his roots in council with a rap|work=Brisbane Times|author=Cooper|first=Nathanael|date=27 April 2016|accessdate=28 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2016, Sriranganathan haziri ihe mgbochi na ngagharị iwe megide mmepe West Village na-ese okwu na West End.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.couriermail.com.au/questnews/councillor-jonathan-sri-leads-protest-at-controversial-west-village-development/news-story/49cae5c84bb4f662eb7175bff09b9a73|title=West Village protest shut down|date=2016-11-09|work=www.couriermail.com.au|language=en|accessdate=2019-11-06}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mmepe ahụ ka na-aga n'ihu mana e mere mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama na imewe ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thefifthestate.com.au/business/government/brisbanes-controversial-west-village-development-faces-state-call-in/|title=Brisbane’s controversial West Village development faces state call-in|date=2016-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2018, e boro Sriranganathan ebubo na ọ na-enye onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ na ụlọ nsogbu ma na-eso onye na-ere ụlọ. A malitere nyocha nke gọọmentị n'ime mkpesa ahụ ma Kansụl Obodo Brisbane họọrọ ịghara ịchụso ebubo omume ọjọọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sri|first=Jonathan|title=Cr|url=https://www.jonathansri.com/shamingbadagents|work=Why I’ve Decided to Name and Shame Real Estate Agents|accessdate=12 December 2019|archivedate=12 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212010008/https://www.jonathansri.com/shamingbadagents}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-10-31/brisbane-councillor-jonathan-sri-under-investigation/10448482|title=Brisbane councillor investigated over 'harassment, stalking' claims by real estate agent|author=Swanston|first=Tim|date=2018-10-31|work=ABC News|language=en-AU|accessdate=2019-11-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019, a kwụrụ Sriranganathan $ 1,300 maka &quot;omume na-ekwesịghị ekwesị&quot; site n'aka Kọmitii Nnyocha Omume, mgbe &quot;mere ka ọ bụrụ onye bi na ozi olu aghụghọ&quot; hapụrụ onye omeiwu steeti Jennifer Howard.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-18/greens-councillor-jonathan-sri-says-sorry-fake-voice-message/11617080|title=Greens councillor Jonathan Sri apologises over fake voicemail|publisher=ABC News|date=18 October 2019|accessdate=20 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sriranganathan guzoro dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa maka The Gabba Ward na ntuli aka Brisbane City Council nke afọ 2020, nke emere na 28 Machị, ebe ọ nwetara 45.6% nke votu mbụ, mmụba nke 13.9% site na ntuliaka gara aga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/elections/bcc/2020/guide/tgab|title=The Gabba - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)|work=ABC News|language=en-AU|accessdate=2020-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nkwenkwe Ndị E kweere ==
[[Usòrò:Rebellion_Day_Brisbane_(48470290381).jpg|alt=Sriranganathan speaking to a crowd outside Queens Wharf, Brisbane|thumb|Sriranganathan na Rebellion Day, Brisbane]]
Sriranganathan emeela mkpọsa maka ikike obodo ahụ, ma kwuo na ọrụ obodo kwesịrị ịbụ gburugburu nchịkwa ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya karịa nchịkọta isi obodo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=How Australia's Greens Are Winning a Left-Wing Vote in the Heart of &quot;Conservative Queensland&quot;|url=https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/10/australia-greens-left-wing-vote-conservative-queensland|accessdate=9 January 2021|work=jacobinmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-akwado &quot;nnupụisi ọha na eze&quot; dị ka ụdị ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ziri ezi ma tinye ozi iji nyere ndị na-eso ụzọ aka izere ịkwụ ụgwọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.jonathansri.com/disruptiveprotest|title=Can Roadblocks Help Change the Political Climate?|date=July 23, 2019|work=Jonathan Sri|language=en|accessdate=2019-12-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.jonathansri.com/peacefulassembly|title=Peaceful Assembly Act - Organising protests without getting fined|date=September 28, 2018|work=Jonathan Sri|language=en|accessdate=2019-12-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ katọrọ omume nke ndị uwe ojii Queensland, na-akọwa ha dị ka ụlọ ọrụ &quot;na-eme ihe ike na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/brisbane-council-condemns-jonathan-sri-s-comments-on-police-violence-20191015-p530v2.html|title=Brisbane council condemns Jonathan Sri's comments on police violence|author=Stone|first=Lucy|date=2019-10-15|work=Brisbane Times|language=en|accessdate=2019-11-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Sriranganathan bi n'ụgbọ mmiri a kwụsịrị n'osimiri Brisbane na onye mmekọ ya, na-ekwupụta ebumnuche ya maka nke a dị ka ịchọ inye ọkara nke ụgwọ ọnwa ya $ 157,782.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.domain.com.au/news/brisbane-councillor-jonathan-sri-lives-on-a-houseboat-so-he-can-donate-half-his-pay-20171203-gzse1x/|title=Brisbane councillor Jonathan Sri lives on a houseboat so he can donate half his pay|author=Malo|first=Jim|work=Domain|language=en-AU|accessdate=2019-11-06|archivedate=2019-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106223117/https://www.domain.com.au/news/brisbane-councillor-jonathan-sri-lives-on-a-houseboat-so-he-can-donate-half-his-pay-20171203-gzse1x/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụ onye na-egwu saxophon na onye na-agụ egwú na otu egwu Brisbane The Mouldy Lovers .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/queensland-government/brisbane-greens-councillor-jonathan-sri-on-japanese-jaunt-with-his-band/news-story/a19de8b14754b75146a23754f239a6eb|title=Brisbane Greens councillor Jonathan Sri on Japanese jaunt with his band|author=Snowdon|first=Tom|date=2017-08-13|work=Courier Mail|language=en-AU|accessdate=2017-10-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; A maara ya maka okwu ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;brisbanetimes&quot;/&gt;

Ọ bụ ezie na aha nna ya zuru oke bụ Sriranganathan, edepụtara aha Jonathan dị ka &quot;Jonathan Sri&quot; na asambodo ọmụmụ ya. A maara ya dị ka Sri ruo n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2022, mgbe ọ were aha nna ya zuru oke iji &quot;jikọta... n'ụzọ miri emi na akụkụ dị iche iche nke njirimara [ya]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;personal news&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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    <title>Lillomarka</title>
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      <text bytes="7181" sha1="i55l0hh5xa7ot8xyto50qubjlbke836" xml:space="preserve">[[Usòrò:Oslomarka.png|áká_èkpè|thumb| Map nke Oslomarka]]
[[Usòrò:Evensetermyra.jpg|thumb|Ihe ịrịba ama nke ụzọ ndị na-agafe n'elu ugwu na Evensetermyra]]
[[Usòrò:Hadelandsveien.jpg|thumb|Okporo ụzọ Hadeland ochie gafere Lillomarka]]
'''Lillomarka''' bụ mpaghara dị n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Oslo, Norway. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Oslomarka ma na-eje ozi dị ka ebe ntụrụndụ a ma ama. Lillomarka nwere ókèala Maridalen na Nordmarka n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, Nittedal na [[Gjelleråsen]] n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, mpaghara Bjerke na Grorud n'ebe ndịda na ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Gjøvik na Movatn n'ebe ugwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://snl.no/Lillomarka|title=Lillomarka|publisher=Store norske leksikon|author=Knut Are Tvedt|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.skiforeningen.no/marka/showarea.cgi?id=5|title=Lillomarka og Gjelleråsen|publisher=skiforeningen|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Aha ahụ ==
Akụkụ nke mbụ bụ aha ugbo ''Lillo'' (lee Storo), akụkụ ikpeazụ bụ ụdị ''akara'' f 'ala osisi, ọhịa'.

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ==
Lillomarka nwere ebe ochie Gothalfske na-egwupụta ọla kọpa, ọdọ mmiri Alnsjø (otu n'ime isi iyi mmiri ọṅụṅụ nke Oslo), na ọdọ mmiri Breisjø. A na-eji ọtụtụ ọdọ mmiri dị na Lillomarka eme ihe maka owuwe ihe ubi ice; mmiri ice dị na Årvoll na Vesletjern (Lilletjern) na Ammerud bụ isi iyi ice maka ndị Oslo. A na-eji Vesletjern eme ihe ruo n'afọ 1945, ebe a na-ewepụta ice site na ice-dam na Årvoll ruo n'oge 1967-68. Taa, Vesletjern bụ ọdọ mmiri ọha na eze maka igwu mmiri.&lt;ref name=&quot;oslo&quot;&gt;[http://www.bymiljoetaten.oslo.kommune.no/friluft_marka_byen_og_oyene/marka/lillomarka_a_til_a/ Lillomarka A til Å], City of Oslo website.&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, Lillomarka aghọwo ebe a ma ama maka ịchụso n'èzí na ntụrụndụ anụ ahụ. Ụlọ egwuregwu dị na Linderudkollen bụ ebe a na-ewu ewu maka ọzụzụ ski jumping.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://lokalhistoriewiki.no/index.php/Lillomarka|title=Lillomarka|publisher=Lokalhistoriewiki|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[Linderud Mines ma ọ bụ] Linderud gruver na Lillomarka nwere akụrụngwa okporo ụzọ e wuru na 1880.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.aftenposten.no/osloby/i/mBRw0O/reagerer-sterkt-paa-at-kulturminne-i-lillomarka-er-overkjoert|title=Reagerer sterkt på at kulturminne i Lillomarka er overkjørt}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Usòrò:Lillomarka_ridesti_skilt.jpg|thumb|Ụgbọ okporo ígwè na Lillomarka]]

== Ịchụso n'èzí na Lillomarka ==
Ebe Lillomarka dị na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ma bụrụ ebe a ma ama maka ịchụso ndị bi gburugburu ọhịa a. Association for the Promotion of Skiing (Skiforeningen) na-ewere Lillomarka dị ka ezigbo ụzọ ọzọ karịa Nordmarka, karịsịa n'oge oyi. Oké ọhịa ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri ndị dabara adaba maka njem ezumike. A na-ekwe ka a na-egbu azụ n'oké ọhịa niile na ọdọ mmiri na ọdọ mmiri niile ma e wezụga maka ọdọ mmiri ọṅụṅụ Alunsjø na Breidsjø. Ma njem na ụzọ bridle na-agafe n'ógbè ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.skiforeningen.no/markadb/showarea.cgi?id=5 |title=The Association for the Promotion of Skiing's presentation of Lillomarka in the forest database |accessdate=2023-08-18 |archivedate=2007-09-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926223517/http://www.skiforeningen.no/markadb/showarea.cgi?id=5 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Usòrò:Lilloseter.jpg|thumb|Lilloseter]]

=== Ụlọ ndị dị na Lillomarka ===
Lillomarka nwere ụlọ egwuregwu anọ na-emeghe ihe ka ukwuu n'afọ: Lilloseter, Linderudkollen, Sinober na Trollvannstua.&lt;ref name=&quot;oslo&quot;/&gt; Norwegian Trekking Association na-arụ ọrụ Fjellvang Lodge na Lillomarka, nke ndị otu nwere ike ịgbazite maka abalị. Tụkwasị na nke a, nke dị n'ebe ugwu nke Kjulstern na ndịda nke Sinober, bụ ụlọ obibi Sørskogen nke onwe. Na Steinbruvann, klọb egwuregwu Grorud nwere klọb na ụlọ ịgba ọsọ.

=== Igwu mmiri ===
N'etiti Ammerud na Grorud bụ Lake Steinbruvann, ebe a ma ama na-egwu mmiri. E guzobere mmiri ahụ mgbe Steinbruvann bụ ebe a na-echekwa mmiri ọṅụṅụ (1936-1971) ma mechie onwe ya maka igwu mmiri. Na Ammerud bụ Ọdọ Mmiri Vesletjern na nso Grefsenkollen bụ ọdọ mmiri Trollvann, na-adịghị anya site na Trollvann lodge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://snl.no/Grefsenkollen|title=Grefsenkollen|publisher=Store norske leksikon|author=Knut Are Tvedt|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://snl.no/Ammerud|title=Ammerud|publisher=Store norske leksikon|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Maka agụmakwụkwọ ===
Ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara na-eji Lillomarka maka njem dị mkpirikpi na ogologo oge na okike ma n'oge okpomọkụ ma n'ebe oyi. Ọmụmụ egwuregwu na kọleji sekọndrị dị elu nke Bjerke na-eji ọhịa ahụ maka ọzụzụ ọnọdụ (ịga ije, ịgba ọsọ na ịgba ọsọ), ọmụmụ ntụziaka na ọmụmụ ihe ndị na-eme n'èzí.
Kọleji ndị agha dị na Linderud emeela ma na-edebe ụzọ ịgba ọsọ na ịgba ọsọ dị mma. Ha edeela ụzọ na 1 na 5 kilomita ọ bụla.
[[Usòrò:Olehoiland.JPG|thumb|Ọgba Ole Høiland na Lillomarka]]

=== Ịkwọ Ụgbọelu ===
Lill-O-Dilten bụ usoro ntụziaka maka ndị na-aga ije, nke Lillomarka Orienteering Team guzobere. Lillodilten nwere ọtụtụ post nke ihe isi ike dịgasị iche iche na-emeghe n'oge ọnwa isii na-ekpo ọkụ n'afọ. A na-akpọ ụzọ kachasị mfe Mini-O-dilten na post dị nso na Grorud na Ammerud. Map ndị siri ike karị nwere post ndị dị anya na ụfọdụ n'ebe ugwu n'ime ọhịa.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lillomarka.no/lillodilten/ Lillodilten] at Lillomarka Orienteringslag website.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://lillomarka.no/tur-orientering/lill-o-dilten/|title=Lill-O-Dilten|publisher=lillomarka|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1830, onye ohi na onye ohi, Ole Høiland (1797-1848), nwere ebe zoro na Lillomarka.&lt;ref name=&quot;oslo&quot;/&gt; Norwegian Trekking Association (DNT) na-ahazi njem mgbe niile gaa n'ọgba Ole Høiland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://snl.no/Ole_Pedersen_H%C3%B8iland|title=Ole Pedersen Høiland|publisher=Store norske leksikon|accessdate=September 15, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe ndị ọ na-achụ n'oge oyi ===
N'oge oyi, Lillomarka nwere nhọrọ dị mma nke ụzọ ski kwadebere, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-enwu ọkụ. Obodo Oslo na-elekọta ọtụtụ ụzọ dị na Lillomarka.

== Ihe ngosi ==

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Ebe ndị ọzọ e si nweta ya ==

* Revil, Bjørn (2008) ''Markaguiden'' (Gyldendal)  

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120428063732/http://www.friluftsetaten.oslo.kommune.no/skog_mark/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ngalaba ntụrụndụ nke obodo Oslo na oké ọhịa Oslo]
* [http://www.lillomarkasvenner.no Ndị enyi nke ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Lillomarka]
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    <title>Kabiru Bello Dungurawa</title>
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'''Kabiru Bello Dungurawa''' bụ onye nkuzi Naijiria, onye nchịkwa, na Rector nke Kano State Polytechnic.

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
Kabiru Bello DungurawaA mụrụ Kabiru na 10 Machị 1973, na Dungurawa Village, nke Dawakin Tofa Local Government Area, nke Kano State.  gara Dungurawa Primary School, Kano n'etiti afọ 1977 na 1983, ọ gakwara Government Junior Secondary School, Kwa n'etiti 1983 na 1986, ọ gakwara Dutse Teachers College (Grade II) n'etiti 1986 na 1989, Kabiru nwetara National Certificate in Education na Federal College of Education Katsina N'etiti afọ 1995 na 1998 ọ nwetakwara Bachelor of Arts na Hausa na Master of Education na Guidance na Counselling na Mahadum Bayero Kano 2003 na 2009 n'otu n'otu, Kabiru nwetakwara Doctor of Philosophy na Guidanza na Counseling na Mahaduma Ahmadu, Bello Zaria.

== Ọrụ ==
Kabiru malitere ọrụ ya na 1990 dị ka onye nkuzi klas n'okpuru Dawakin Tofa Local Government Education Authority ma mesịa sonye na Ministri Mmụta nke Kano State na 1996.  malitere ọrụ Mahadum &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dept of Education {{!}} Education|url=https://edu.buk.edu.ng/?q=node/6|accessdate=2021-03-05|work=edu.buk.edu.ng|archivedate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520082345/https://edu.buk.edu.ng/?q=node/6}}&lt;/ref&gt; na 2007 n'okpuru Mahadum Bayero Kano na Ngalaba Mmụta, Faculty of Education ebe o nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ site na onye otu kọmitii, Onye nhazi ọkwa ruo Onye isi nke Ngalaba Mmụọ.

Kabiru jere ozi dị ka onye nkuzi nleta na Mahadum Yusuf Maitama Sule Kano, Mahadum Sayensị na Teknụzụ nke Kano, Wudil, Mahaduma Federal, Dutsin Ma, ọ bụkwa Onye nkuzi oge na Mahadum Skyline na Mahadim National Open nke Nigeria . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dr Kabir Dungurawa BELLO {{!}} NOUN Facilitation &amp; Project Supervision Management System|url=http://facilitators.nounacademics.net/content/dr-kabir-dungurawa-bello|accessdate=2021-03-05|work=facilitators.nounacademics.net|archivedate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520082345/http://facilitators.nounacademics.net/content/dr-kabir-dungurawa-bello}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=EduCeleb|date=2020-10-28|title=Govt appoints Kano Poly rector, university council members|url=https://educeleb.com/govt-appoints-kano-poly-rector-university-council-members/|accessdate=2021-03-05|work=EduCeleb|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-02-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226153546/https://educeleb.com/govt-appoints-kano-poly-rector-university-council-members/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kano State [[Abdullahi Umar Ganduje]] họpụtara Kabiru ka ọ bụrụ Rector nke Kano State Polytechnic n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2020 onye nọchiri Prọfesọ [[Mukhtar Atiku Kurawa]] onye osote chancellor nke Mahadum Yusuf Maitama Sule, Kano. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Press Release|url=https://www.kanostate.gov.ng/?q=blog-categories/press-release|accessdate=2021-03-05|work=Kano}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=NewNigerianNewsPapers|date=2020-11-08|title=Our 7-point Agenda Will Make Kano Polytechnic More Advanced – New Rector|url=https://newnigeriannewspaper.com/2020/11/08/our-7-point-agenda-will-make-kano-polytechnic-more-advanced-new-rector/|accessdate=2021-03-05|work=New Nigerian Newspaper|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-02-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212151534/https://newnigeriannewspaper.com/2020/11/08/our-7-point-agenda-will-make-kano-polytechnic-more-advanced-new-rector/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-10-29|title=Forum congratulate new Kano poly rector|url=https://newstunnel.online/forum-congratulate-new-kano-poly-rector/|accessdate=2021-03-05|work=NewsTunnel|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-02-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212064802/https://newstunnel.online/forum-congratulate-new-kano-poly-rector/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kwalitere Kabiru ka ọ bụrụ onye osote prọfesọ (Profesọ nke Sociology) site na Kansụl Na-achị Isi nke Mahadum Bayero Kano na 1st Ọktoba 2021 mana akụkọ na 9th Disemba, 2022 na akụkọ akụkọ nke Mahaduma Bayero Kano &lt;ref&gt;https://www.buk.edu.ng/sites/default/files/bulletin/2022/friday_9th_december_2022_No_57.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
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    <title>Maria Radnoti-Alföldi</title>
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'''Maria Radnoti-Alföldi''' (6 June 1926 - 7 May 2022) &lt;ref&gt;[https://coinsweekly.com/maria-radnoti-alfoeldi-1926-2022/ Maria Radnoti-Alföldi (1926-2022)]&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Hungary-German na onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị e ji eme ihe n'oge ndị Rom. A maara ya maka nyocha ya banyere nkesa nke ihe ndị a chọtara, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Rom, na ngosipụta onwe onye nke ndị eze ukwu Rom.

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Radnoti-Alföldi na 1926 na Budapest na Geza Alföldi na nwunye ya Olga Alföldi . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&amp;cqlMode=true&amp;query=nid=119035235|title=Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek|work=portal.dnb.de|accessdate=2019-11-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1944 wee banye na ngalaba nkà ihe ọmụma na Mahadum Loránd Eötvös na Budapest ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ruo 1949.

== Ọrụ ==
N'afọ 1947, Radnoti-Alföld malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Hungarian National Museum wee lụọ onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie Aladár Radnóti, na 1950 o nwere nkuzi oge oyi na oge oyi na Mahadum Loránd Eötvös. A manyere ya ịhapụ ọrụ a na 1957 mgbe mgbochi nke Mgbanwe Hungary nke 1956, Radnoti-Alföldi na di ya gbagara Vienna gaa Bavaria. Radnoti-Alföld wee bụrụ onye nchọpụta na ''Fundmünzen der Römischen Zeit na Deutschland'' ('Mkpụrụ ego oge Roman na-achọta na Germany') nke Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft site na 1957 ruo 1962. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1961, ọ natara Habilitation ya na Mahadum Ludwig Maximilian nke Munich na isiokwu ọhụrụ nke oge ochie. N'afọ 1962, ya na di ya kwagara Frankfurt, ebe ọ natara prọfesọ na Mahadum Goethe Frankfurt lekwasịrị anya na Ọgwụ oge ochie na akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịbendị nke mpaghara Rom.

Na Disemba 1972, Aladár Radnóti nwụrụ ma họpụta Maria ka ọ bụrụ otu prọfesọ na Goethe dịka o nwere. Ọ kụziri site n'oge ahụ ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1991 na 'Seminar for Greek and Roman History, Second Section' na nkà mmụta ihe ochie nke mpaghara Rom na ọgwụ oge ochie. Kemgbe &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.uni-frankfurt.de/47169362/Prof__Dr__Maria_Radnoti_Alf%C3%B6ldi|title=Prof. Dr. Maria Radnoti-Alföldi|publisher=Goethe University Frankfurt|language=German|accessdate=2 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; lara ezumike nká na 1991, ọ bụ prọfesọ emerita na Mahadum Goethe Frankfurt . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.adwmainz.de/mitglieder/profil/prof-dr-phil-maria-radnoti-alfoeldi.html|title=Prof. Dr. phil. Maria Radnoti-Alföldi|publisher=Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur|language=German|accessdate=2 November 2019|archivedate=27 September 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927160607/http://www.adwmainz.de/mitglieder/profil/prof-dr-phil-maria-radnoti-alfoeldi.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://gmw.bbaw.de/Mitglieder_Mitarbeiter|title=Mitglieder/Mitarbeiter — Griechisches Münzwerk|work=gmw.bbaw.de|accessdate=2019-11-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; duziri ọrụ Griechisches Münzwerk nke Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities na ọrụ Fundmünzen der Antike ('Coin finds from Antiquity') nke Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur (ya na Hans-Markus von Kaenel), nke o mepụtara ọtụtụ mpịakọta.

== Onyinye na ndị otu ==
E nyere Radnoti-Alföldi Cross of Merit na Order of Merit nke Federal Republic of Germany na 1992.

Maka ọrụ ya na numismatics oge ochie, e nyere ya ihe nrite nke Royal Numismatic Society na 1995, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://numismatics.org.uk/honours-and-awards/the-societys-medal/|title=The Society's Medal|date=23 May 2014|publisher=Royal Numismatic Society|accessdate=2 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Archer M. Huntington Medal nke American Numismatic Society na 2000. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://numismatics.org/huntingtonwinners/|title=Recipients of the Huntington Medal Award|date=20 September 2016|publisher=American Numismatic Society|accessdate=2 November 2019|archivedate=2 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002214929/http://numismatics.org/huntingtonwinners/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụ onye otu Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur na onye otu nkịtị nke German Archaeological Institute . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Radnoti-Alföldi bụkwa  otu nsọpụrụ nke ọtụtụ òtù mmụta: Italian Numismatic Society, Österreichische Numismatische Gesellschaft [de], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://oeng.at/wp/ehrungen/ehrenmitglieder|title=EHRENMITGLIEDER|publisher=Österreichische Numismatische Gesellschaft|language=German|accessdate=2 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Société française de numismatique , Commission Internationale de Numismatique, Hungarian Numismatic Company, na nke Hungarian Society for the Studies of Antiquity.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
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'''Kamel Mahadin''' ([[Arabic]]; amụrụ na June 24, 1954) bụ onye [[Jọdan]] na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, onye na-ese ihe, prọfesọ, onye edemede, na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ Chief Commissioner nke Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority (ASEZA) ma bụrụkwa onye omeiwu Jọdan na The House of Senate . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://jordantimes.com/mulki-named-aseza-chief-mahadin-appointed-as-senator |title=Mulki named ASEZA chief; Mahadin appointed as senator {{!}} Jordan Times |accessdate=2023-11-05 |archivedate=2014-12-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219150356/http://jordantimes.com/mulki-named-aseza-chief-mahadin-appointed-as-senator }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Kamel Mahadin bụ nwa [[Ottallah Mahadin]] gọvanọ lara ezumike nká na nne ya Huryeh Al Usta. N'afọ 1982, ọ lụrụ Khalida Maaitah, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwoke atọ: Tariq, Yazan, Amer na otu nwa nwanyị Tamara. Ewezuga Arabic, Mahadin na-asụ Bekee nke ọma.

== Ndụ agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Kamel na Karak, [[Jọdan]] n'afọ 1954, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọstụ nke Mafraq, Jọran ma nata agụmakwụkwọ site na United States Agency for International Development iji mụọ ihe owuwu na Mahadum America nke Beirut. Mgbe afọ anọ gasịrị, e zigara agụmakwụkwọ ya na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] n'ihi agha na [[Lebanon|Lebanọn]]; ọ natara nzere bachelọ ya na ihe owuwu na Mahadum Steeti Kansas na nzere masta na ihe owuwe ihe owuwu ala na Mahadum Steeti Louisiana. E nyere nzere doctorate na atụmatụ gburugburu ebe obibi site na Mahadum Texas A &amp;amp;amp; M.Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme atụmatụ ụlọ akwụkwọ maka Mahadum Steeti Louisiana ma mesịa bụrụ onye nkuzi nleta na Mahadum Texas A&amp;amp;amp;M. N'afọ 1987, ọ laghachiri [[Jọdan]] na-akụzi na Ngalaba Architecture na Mahadum Jọdan, ebe ọ ghọrọ onyeisi oche nke ngalaba ahụ site na 1991 ruo 1995. N'afọ 1987, o guzobere M K Associates; naanị ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri na Jordan.N'ime afọ iri abụọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ala maka Amman Greater Municipality, Mahadum Mutah, Mahadim Al-El Beit na Ministry of Tourism ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka Onye ndụmọdụ ala na Royal Court. N'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 1997, ọ ghọrọ onye isi nchịkwa na Petra Regional Council, na 1999 ọ were ngalaba ahụ dị ka Ministry of Water and Irrigation.N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2000, ọ laghachiri na nkuzi na imepụta ihe nkiri, na-elekọta M.K. Associates; ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri. A na-eme atụmatụ na United States, Persian Gulf na Middle East. O nwere ọtụtụ isiokwu e bipụtara n'ọhịa ya. Kamel bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na US. E debara aha ya na International Federation of Landscape Architects, American Society of Landscape Architects (Texas na Louisiana) na Jordan Society of Architects and Engineers.Ka ọ na-erule August 2, 2012. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/KamelMahadin/info Official Page in Face Book.]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://mk-assoc.com/ M.K. Associates]&lt;/ref&gt; họpụtara Kamel dị ka onye isi kọmishọna nke Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority ya mere o si na MK Associates na MEALA pụọ dị ka onyeisi oche nke bọọdụ ahụ.

Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke bọọdụ - Aqaba Development Corporation (ADC), onye isi oche - Aqaba Container Terminal (ACT), onye isi ala nke ụlọ ọrụ Aqaba Airports Company (King Hussein International Airport) na onye otu nlekọta nke Mahadum Tafilah . &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.aqabazone.com/ Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.alrai.com/article/679798.html Alrai Newspaper]&lt;/ref&gt;'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2014, e nyere iwu eze na-akwado nnabata nke ndị kansụl maka arụkwaghịm Kamel Mahadin ka ọ na-erule Nọvember 8, ebe e nyere iwu ọzọ na-ahọpụta ya dị ka onye omeiwu ka ọ na na-erula Nọvembre 9.

N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2017, Kamel bụ onye Arab mbụ e nyere ASLA American Society of Landscape Architects Fellowship. Dr. Mahadin, natara nhọpụta ya, na Service, site na Council of Fellows Executive Committee. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.asla.org/NewsReleaseDetails.aspx?id=50362|title=American Society of Landscape Architects}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2019, e nyere Kamel &quot;Life Time Achievement Award&quot; na First Landscape Middle East Awards Ceremony na Ritz Carlton DIFC Hotel na Dubai, United Arab Emirates. A raara ihe omume ahụ nye ncheta Dr Musa Nimah (1942-2016). Emume mmeri ahụ sọpụrụ ndị site &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://landscape-me.com/event.html|title=Landscape Magazine - Middle East}}&lt;/ref&gt; nraranye ha, ihe okike na mgbalị na-adịghị akwụsị akwụsị, hapụrụ mmetụta dị mma na ọrụ ala na mpaghara ahụ.

== Nnyocha e bipụtara, isiokwu ==

* &quot;MK Associates, The landscape Architects&quot; Al Rayeh Al Hashimeyah Magazine, Mbipụta 30, Ọktoba 2006.
* &quot;Onye isi nke Landscape&quot;. I Celebration Jordan, mbipụta 13, August, 2006.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;Urban Greening, a missing notion&quot;. I Celebration Jordan, mbipụta nke 11, June, 2006.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;Ịgụ ala Jọdan: Ihe mmụta na-efu efu&quot;. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Mahadin, Kamel O., Abo Ghanimah, Landscape Design: A Tool for Improving the Middle East Built Environment&quot; nakweere maka mbipụta, Ekistics, 2006.
* Abo Ghanimah, Ali, Mahadin, Kamel O., Alshboul, Abdulsalam, March 2006, &quot;Symbolic and Geometrical Transformation of Stalactite Design in Modern Jordanian Architecture&quot;, nabatara maka mbipụta na Disegnare, Rome University, &quot;la Sapienza&quot;, Italy.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., Abo Ghanimah, Al-Najarr, Al-Ejel, &quot;Nghọta na Omume Ndị Mmadụ na Amman Publics Parks and Plazas&quot;, Alexandria University Journal, Alexandria University Egypt, March, 2005.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;Ụlọ, Ebe maka ihe okike&quot; Al-Bait Al-Khaliji, mpịakọta. 1, mbipụta nke 2 Jenụwarị 2005.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot; Architectural Islands in The Mediterranean, Dimensions, vol. 2, mbipụta nke 6 Septemba 2005.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;Landscape design with Middle East&quot;, Dimensions, vol. 1, mbipụta 1 Jenụwarị 2004.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2004. &quot;Quest for Quality&quot;, nke e bipụtara na diseg, Romenare University, &quot;la Sapienza&quot;, Italy, n. 29/2004.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot; Landscape Architecture, A Form of Architecture and Construction Art, Dimensions, mbipụta 1 Ọktoba 2003.
* Fethi, Ihsan na Mahadin Kamel O., &quot;Villa Architecture in Amman Current Spectrum of Styles, Presented at &quot; Amman: The City and it Society&quot;, 1996, University of Jordan.
* Kadhim, Mohamad na Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;The Concept Of An Archaeological Park at the Citadel of Amman&quot; Ekistics, Athens, vol. 60 .Nke 368/369, 1994.
* Al-Adhami, Monther, na Dr. Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;Nsogbu Gburugburu Obodo Arab nke Oge A&quot;. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1, Mbipụta 1, 1994.
* Mahadin, Kamel O., &quot;Regionalist Architecture in Jordan: A Critical Review&quot;. Open House International, Vol. 19, Mbipụta 1, 1994.

== Ihe odide ==
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      <text bytes="2502" sha1="93nftiyqjm1y5qf1u29b51lwaq1nrs3" xml:space="preserve">'''Medimix Ayurveda''' bụ ụdị India nke ncha Ayurvedic / ahịhịa nke AVA Cholayil Private Limited na Cholayil private Limited, ụlọ ọrụ Chennai mepụtara ma na-ere. Ọ bụ Dr. Valiparambil Padmanabhan Sidhan &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Medimix|url=https://jcustomercare.com/medimix-customer-care-india-contact-details/|accessdate=15 April 2022|archivedate=15 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220415194907/https://jcustomercare.com/medimix-customer-care-india-contact-details/}}&lt;/ref&gt; si Valapad, Thrissur, Kerala guzobere akara ahụ. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọnụnọ zuru ụwa ọnụ &lt;ref name=&quot;TOI&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cx-segment&quot; data-segmentid=&quot;89&quot;&gt;[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/medimix-and-cuticura-makers-appoint-new-ceo/articleshow/98321803.cms &quot;Medimix and Cuticura makers appoint new CEO&quot;]. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cx-segment&quot; data-segmentid=&quot;90&quot;&gt;''Times of India''. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cx-segment&quot; data-segmentid=&quot;91&quot;&gt;1 March 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cx-segment&quot; data-segmentid=&quot;92&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;11 May&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; nọrọ n'ihe karịrị mba 35 n'ụwa niile.

N'afọ 1969, Dr. Sidhan jikọtara usoro nri 18 iji mee ncha nlekọta akpụkpọ ahụ. Medimix dị ugbu a n'ụdị ncha anọ, atọ nke ịsa ahụ, ihe nhicha ihu ise na ngwaahịa ịdị ọcha dị ka ịsa aka na ihe nhicha. 

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Most Trusted Brands.2011|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topbrandlisting.cms?pagenumber=5|work=Most Trusted Brands 2011|accessdate=23 December 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afo 2011, ekwubiri na medimix bu aha ahia 87th akacha nwe ntukwasiobi na India ma burukwa 15th aha ahia Maka nlekota onwe akacha nwe ntukwasiobi Nke sitere n'aka Brand Equity Survey Nke ndi economic time juru Maka ya.

Medimix etolitela ihe jikọrọ ya na 'nlekọta akpụkpọ ahụ, ụzọ okike' na maka ọgbọ nke ụmụ nwanyị, n'ezie ezinụlọ dum, etinyela ntụkwasị obi ha na ngwaahịa Medimix. N'ịbụ nke a na-enweta ugbu a n'ụdị asatọ nke ncha ayurvedic, ụdị isii nke ịsa ahụ Herbal, ụdị isii na ịsa ihu, ịsa aka ahịhịa, shampoo ntutu ayurvedik &amp; conditioner, na ngwaahịa ole na ole ndị ọzọ, Medimix na-agbasawanye ebe ọ dị ma na-ewetara ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ nlekọta akpụkpọ ahụ n'ụwa.

== Ihe odide ==
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    <title>Kpakpando</title>
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      <text bytes="14312" sha1="e8i5c6dee11jmmwfjh4769xshwuzk6h" xml:space="preserve">[[File:The Sun by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory - 20100819.jpg|thumb|Anyanwu bu otu kpakpando enwere, ọ bu sọ kpakpando nọ na mbara anyanwụ anyị, nke akpọrọ &quot;solar system&quot;]]
 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Galileo and 400 Years of Telescopic Astronomy|first=Peter|author=Grego|year=2010|isbn=978-1441955920|publisher=Springer New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nsi7R3NTcmEC&amp;pg=PA88}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kpakpando bụ plasma ọdika-okirikiri na enwu enwu nke njimike ndọdaala jikọrọ ọnụ.  Kpakpando kacha nso n'ụwa bụ Anyanwu. Ana ejikwa anya nkịtị ahuta kpakpando ndị ọzọ n'abali, òkè ịdị-anya ha site na uwa na eme ka ha dịka ntụpọ n'enwụ ọkụ n'ígwé. E kenyela ọtụtụ kpakpando àmà àmà n'ime nchịkọ-kpakpando ya na asterism, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bu ndị na-enwụ gbaa nwere aha.  Ndị ọkàmbaraígwé achịkọtala katalọgụ ozi nke na enye aka ịkpọpụta kpakpando ndị àmàrà mbụ. Mbaraígwé a na-ahụ anya nwere ngụkọ kpakpando 10²² ruo 10²⁴.  naanị ihe dị ka 4,000 n'ime kpakpando ndịa ka a na-ahụ anya na nkịtị—ha nile nọ na Mbara kpakpando anyị akpọrọ &quot;Milky Way&quot;


Ndụ kpakpando na ebido site na mbibi njimike ndọdaala nke nebula ufere nwere mmejupụta ndịa— haidrojìn, helìò ya na obere mmejụihe nke buru ibu. Mbido ya na njedebe ya na adabere na mgbakọ ibu ya dum. Site na mgbe ọkpụpụtara, kpakpando na achawapu n'ihi njikọ ọkụ-ụmịatọm nke haidrojìn ịnye helìò n'ime ụmị ya. Usoro a na ewepụta ume nke na asụpụta site na ụmị kpakpando a, ma chawapu na mbaraígwé. Na ọgwụgwụ ndụ kpakpando, ụmị ya ga aghọ akpụda kpakpando, kpakpando nịụtrọn maọbu oghéré ojii.


Mkpụpụta-ụmị kpakpando maọbu ihe ha mefọrọ na emepụta mmejụihe kemịkalu nke ka litio ibu. Nkebi ibu kpakpando maọbu ọgbụgba supanova na ebunye etiti kpakpando ihe agbakwunyere kemịkalu. Mmejụihe ndịa ka aga atụghari ka ọ ghọọ kpakpando ọhụrụ. Ndị ọkàmbaraígwé ga amatanwụ njirimara kpakpando dika ibu, nha-afọ̀ , mmejupụta kemịkalu, nhamgbanwe, ịdị ányá ya na ngahari site na ịnyocha nhaonwunwu kpakpando, enyo ya ma mgbanwe ebe ọ nọ na mbaraígwé kwa oge.

Kpakpando na ihe mbaraígwé ndị ọzọ na emepụtakwa nhanhiwe ịgba okirikiri dika mbara-anwu ya na mbara kpakpando nwere kpakpando abụọ maọbu karịa. Kpakpando na esokwa na nhiwe ígwè úkwú dika nchịkọ-kpakpando maọbu mbara kpakpando.

==Nleruanya==

N'agbanyeghị na o doro anya na eluigwe adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, ndị ọkàmbaraígwé na Chaịna maara na kpakpando ọhụrụ nwere ike ịpụta.  N'afọ 185&amp;nbsp;AD, ha bụ ndị mbụ lere anya wee dee banyere supernova, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka SN 185 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Zhao|first=Fu-Yuan|date=2006|title=The Guest Star of AD185 must have been a Supernova|journal=Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=6|issue=5|pages=635|doi=10.1088/1009-9271/6/5/17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe omume kacha na-egbuke egbuke na akụkọ ihe mere eme e dekọrọ bụ SN 1006 supernova, nke a hụrụ na 1006 nke onye ọkàmbaraígwè Ịjịpt bu Ali ibn Ridwan na ọtụtụ ndị China na-enyocha mbara igwe dere ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Isbell|first=Douglas|date=5 March 2003|title=Astronomers Peg Brightness of History's Brightest Star|url=http://www.noao.edu/outreach/press/pr03/pr0304.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030402121341/http://www.noao.edu/outreach/press/pr03/pr0304.html|archivedate=2 April 2003|accessdate=28 February 2022|work=NOIRLab|publisher=National Optical Astronomy Observatory}}&lt;/ref&gt; SN 1054 supernova, nke mụrụ Crab Nebula, bụ ndị China na ndị [[Àlakụ̀ba|Islam]] na-enyocha mbara igwe hụkwara. &lt;ref name=&quot;SN1054&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Frommert|first=Hartmut|date=2006-08-30|work=SEDS|publisher=University of Arizona|title=Supernova 1054 – Creation of the Crab Nebula|url=http://messier.seds.org/more/m001_sn.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;PASP1942&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Duyvendak|first=J. J. L.|title=Further Data Bearing on the Identification of the Crab Nebula with the Supernova of 1054 A.D. Part I. The Ancient Oriental Chronicles|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific|volume=54|issue=318|pages=91–94|date=April 1942|doi=10.1086/125409}}&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cite journal|author=Mayall|first=N. U.|title=Further Data Bearing on the Identification of the Crab Nebula with the Supernova of 1054 A.D. Part II. The Astronomical Aspects|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific|volume=54|issue=318|pages=95–104|date=April 1942|doi=10.1086/125410}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Brecher|first=K.|date=1983|title=Ancient records and the Crab Nebula supernova|journal=The Observatory|volume=103|pages=106–113}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe Islam nke oge ochie nyere ọtụtụ kpakpando aha ndị a ka na-eji taa ma ha chepụtara ọtụtụ ngwa mbara igwe nwere ike ịgbakọ ọnọdụ kpakpando. Ha wuru nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nyocha nke mbụ, ọkachasị maka imepụta katalọgụ kpakpando ''Zij'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Kennedy|first=Edward S.|date=1962|title=Review: ''The Observatory in Islam and Its Place in the General History of the Observatory'' by Aydin Sayili|journal=[[Isis (journal)|Isis]]|volume=53|issue=2|pages=237–239|doi=10.1086/349558}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ime ndị a, ''akwụkwọ nke Fixed Stars'' (964) bụ onye Persian na-enyocha mbara igwe Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi dere, bụ onye hụrụ ọtụtụ kpakpando, ụyọkọ kpakpando (gụnyere Omicron Velorum na Brocchi's Clusters ) na [[ụyọkọ kpakpando]] (gụnyere Andromeda Galaxy). ). &lt;ref name=&quot;Jones&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Messier's nebulae and star clusters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IuhLR35I9QUC|first=Kenneth Glyn|author=Jones|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|date=1991|isbn=978-0-521-37079-0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dị ka A. Zahoor si kwuo, na narị afọ nke 11, onye ọkà mmụta polymath nke Peasia Abu Rayhan Biruni kọwara ụyọkọ kpakpando Milky Way dị ka ọtụtụ iberibe iberibe nwere ihe onwunwe nke kpakpando [[Nebula|nebulous]], ma nye [[Latitude|latitudes]] nke kpakpando dị iche iche n'oge [[Ijiji n'ehihie|chi jiri n'ọnwa]] na 1019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Zahoor|first=A.|date=1997|url=http://www.unhas.ac.id/~rhiza/saintis/biruni.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626074150/http://www.unhas.ac.id/~rhiza/saintis/biruni.html|archivedate=2008-06-26|title=Al-Biruni|publisher=Hasanuddin University|accessdate=2007-10-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dị ka Josep Puig si kwuo, onye Andalusian na-enyocha mbara igwe Ibn Bajjah tụrụ aro na Milky Way bụ nke nwere ọtụtụ kpakpando ndị fọrọ nke nta ka ha metụ ibe ha aka ma yie ka ọ bụ ihe oyiyi na-aga n'ihu n'ihi mmetụta nke refraction si sublunary ihe, na-ehota ya chọpụtara na njikọ nke njikọ . Jupiter na Mars na 500 AH (1106/1107&amp;nbsp;AD) dị ka ihe akaebe.  Ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe nke Europe oge ochie dị ka Tycho Brahe chọpụtara kpakpando ọhụrụ na mbara igwe abalị (nke e mesịrị kpọọ ''novae'' ), na-atụ aro na eluigwe adịghị agbanwe agbanwe. Na 1584, Giordano Bruno tụrụ aro na kpakpando dị ka anyanwụ, ma nwee ike inwe mbara ala ndị ọzọ, ikekwe ọbụnadị ụwa, na-agba gburugburu ha, &lt;ref name=&quot;he history&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Drake|first=Stephen A.|date=2006-08-17|url=http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/headates/heahistory.html|title=A Brief History of High-Energy (X-ray &amp; Gamma-Ray) Astronomy|publisher=NASA HEASARC|accessdate=2006-08-24|archivedate=2001-06-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010604051922/http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/headates/heahistory.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; echiche nke ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma [[Greece|Gris]] oge ochie, Democritus na Epicurus tụrụ aro na mbụ., &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first=Peter|author=Greskovic|date=2006-07-24|url=http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2004/casreports-2004/rep-228/|title=Exoplanets|publisher=ESO|accessdate=2012-06-15|archivedate=10 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010140635/http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/cas/cas2004/casreports-2004/rep-228/}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ndị ọkà mmụta mbara igwe Islam nke etiti oge ochie &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=The impact of the Qur'anic conception of astronomical phenomena on Islamic civilization|first=I. A.|author=Ahmad|journal=Vistas in Astronomy|volume=39|issue=4|date=1995|pages=395–403 [402]|doi=10.1016/0083-6656(95)00033-X}}&lt;/ref&gt; dị ka Fakhr al-Din al-Razi . &lt;ref name=&quot;Setia&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi on Physics and the Nature of the Physical World: A Preliminary Survey|first=Adi|author=Setia|journal=Islam &amp; Science|volume=2|date=2004|issue=2|url=http://www.cis-ca.org/jol/vol2-no2/adi.pdf|accessdate=26 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka ọ na-erule narị afọ sochirinụ, echiche nke kpakpando ịdị ka anyanwụ na-erute nkwekọ n'etiti ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe. Iji kọwaa ihe kpatara na kpakpando ndị a na-ejighi ike ndọda ọ bụla na Sistemu Anyanwụ, Isaac Newton tụrụ aro na e kesara kpakpando n'otu aka ahụ n'akụkụ ọ bụla, echiche nke ọkà mmụta okpukpe Richard Bentley kpaliri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Hoskin|first=Michael|date=1998|url=http://www.stsci.edu/stsci/meetings/lisa3/hoskinm.html|title=The Value of Archives in Writing the History of Astronomy|journal=Library and Information Services in Astronomy III|volume=153|pages=207|accessdate=2006-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Joseph von Fraunhofer na Angelo Secchi bụ ndị ọsụ ụzọ sayensị nke stellar spectroscopy . Site n'iji ụdị kpakpando dị iche iche dị ka Sirius atụnyere anyanwụ, ha hụrụ ọdịiche dị na ike na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ahịrị mmịpụta ha - ahịrị gbara ọchịchịrị dị na stellar spectra nke ikuku ikuku na-enweta ugboro ugboro. N'afọ 1865, Secchi malitere ikewa kpakpando n'ụdị spectral . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=MacDonnell|first=Joseph|url=http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/jmac/sj/scientists/secchi.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721210124/http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/jmac/sj/scientists/secchi.htm|archivedate=2011-07-21|title=Angelo Secchi, S.J. (1818–1878) the Father of Astrophysics|publisher=[[Fairfield University]]|accessdate=2006-10-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; Annie J. Cannon mepụtara ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ nke atụmatụ nhazi ọkwa kpakpando n'oge mmalite 1900s. &lt;ref name=&quot;HubenyMihalas2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Ivan Hubeny|title=Theory of Stellar Atmospheres: An Introduction to Astrophysical Non-equilibrium Quantitative Spectroscopic Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TmuYDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA23|date=2014|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-16329-1|pages=23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nleta izizi izizi nke anya na kpakpando ( 61 Cygni na afọ 11.4 ìhè ) ka Friedrich Bessel mere na 1838 site na iji usoro parallax . Ntụle Parallax gosipụtara oke nkewa nke kpakpando dị na mbara igwe. &lt;ref name=&quot;he history&quot;/&gt; Nleba anya nke kpakpando abụọ nwetara mkpa na-abawanye na narị afọ nke 19. N'afọ 1834, Friedrich Bessel hụrụ mgbanwe n'otú kpakpando Sirius si na-eme nke ọma ma kwuo na ọ bụ enyi zoro ezo. Edward Pickering chọtara ọnụọgụ abụọ spectroscopic nke mbụ na 1899 mgbe ọ hụrụ na-ekewa oge nke ahịrị spectral nke kpakpando Mizar n'ime ụbọchị 104. Ndị ọkachamara na-enyocha mbara igwe dị ka Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve na SW Burnham chịkọtara nkọwa zuru ezu nke ọtụtụ sistemụ kpakpando ọnụọgụ abụọ, na-enye ohere ka a chọpụta oke kpakpando site na ngụkọ nke ihe ndị na-efe efe . Ngwọta mbụ maka nsogbu nke ịweta orbit nke kpakpando ọnụọgụ abụọ site na nlele teliskop bụ Felix Savary mere na 1827. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|first=Robert G.|author=Aitken|title=The Binary Stars|publisher=Dover Publications Inc.|location=New York|date=1964|isbn=978-0-486-61102-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Atụmatụ Ịgụ-aha==

A mara maka nchịkọ kpakpando (constellation) n'oge ndị Babilọn. Ndị n'ele ìgwè chere na kpakpando nwéré ọdịdị ihu, ha chere na ihu ndịa pụtara njirimara okike. Ihu iri na abụọ ndị nọ na mbara eklipsi mere ha ji bụrụ ntọala astrology (Ịgba afa kpakpando). Ọtụtụ kpakpando ndị pụrụ iche bu ndi enyere aha Arabù maọbu Latin.

Ọtụtụ kpakpando dika anyanwụ ya na nchịkọ kpakpando nwéré akụkọ okike so ha. Ndị Grik ochie weere ọtụtụ ọdịkauwa/planet (nke ha kpọrọ kpakpando agbanyeghị na kpakpando na ọdịkauwa dị iche) dika chi ha na efe, ebea ka a si weta aha ọdịkauwa Meekurì (mercury), Venus, Masì (Mars), Jupità (Jupiter) na Satùn (Saturn). Ụranus (Uranus) na Neptun (Neptune) bu aha chi ndị Grik mana onweghi onye ma ọdịkauwa ndịa na mgbe ochie maka na ha anaghị amuke ọfuma.

Na afọ̀ 1600, aha ana enye kpakpando bu aha nchịkọ kpakpando ọ nọ na ya. Ọkàfiziksi onye Alamanya (Germany) bu Johann Bayer kepụtara ọtụtụ nsèrèsè-map kpakpando ma nye ha abidii grik dika njirimara ya. Emechara weputa atụmatụ ọnụ ọgụgụ site na mwego kpakpando ma tinye ya na katalọgu kpakpando nke John Flamsteed nke ọ dere na akwụkwọ ya &quot;Historian coelestis Britannica&quot; (nke 1712). Atụmatụ a ka akpọrọ atụmatụ Flamsteed maọbu ịgụọnụ nke Flamsteed.

Otú mbauwa we ikike ịnye ihe dị na mbaraígwé aha bu International Astronomical Union (IAU) nke ntụgharị ya bu Nzukọ Mbauwa gbasara Mbaraígwé. Ha na achịkwa atụmatụ &quot;Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)&quot; nke ntụgharị ya bu &quot;Nzukọ Ọrụ maka Ịgụ-aha Kpakpando&quot;, ọrụ WGSN bu ịdebe ma nye kpakpando aha izugbe.

Ọtụtụ ndị bu ndi na-atu mgbere aha kpakpando nke IAU na ndị ọkambaraìgwé na anabataghị. British Library kpọrọ nkea ụlọ ọrụ ịtụ-mgbere n'ezighị ezi, Ngalaba na ahụ maka Nchekwa Ndị n'àzù ahịa na Ndị Ọrụ na New York dara otu ụlọ ọrụ a nha maka ire ahịa wayo.


==Edensibịa==
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    <title>Mike Pentz</title>
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{{Databox}}'''Michael John Pentz''' (30 Nọvemba 1924 - 29 Mee 1995) bụ onye physics, onye na-eme ihe ike na udo, na onye ọsụ ụzọ nwere mmetụta nke ịkụzi sayensị nye ụmụ akwụkwọ mahadum site na agụmakwụkwọ dị anya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Dalyell&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|authorlink=Tam Dalyell|author=Dalyell|first=Tam|title=Obituary: Professor Mike Pentz|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaryprofessor-mike-pentz-1621848.html|work=[[The Independent]]|date=31 May 1995|accessdate=24 November 2011}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFDalyell1995&quot;&gt;[[Tam Dalyell|Dalyell, Tam]] (31 May 1995). &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-lock-subscription&quot; title=&quot;Paid subscription required&quot;&gt;[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaryprofessor-mike-pentz-1621848.html &quot;Obituary: Professor Mike Pentz&quot;]&lt;/span&gt;. ''[[Onye nweere onwe ya|The Independent]]''. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220514/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaryprofessor-mike-pentz-1621848.html Archived] from the original on 14 May 2022&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;24 November&lt;/span&gt; 2011&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; mụrụ Pentz na [[Cape Town]], South Africa, ma nwụọ na France.

== Ndụ ==
Pentz gụrụ akwụkwọ na South Africa na St Aidan's College, Grahamstown, wee gaa Mahadum Cape Town. Ọ bịara Imperial College na London na 1948 ịrụ ọrụ na microwave spectrometry na physics nuklia. Afọ itoolu &lt;ref name=&quot;Koziol&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Koziol|first=Heribert|title=On the hunt with CESAR|publisher=[[CERN]]|url=http://public-archive.web.cern.ch/public-archive/en/People/Koziol-en.html|accessdate=17 June 2014|archivedate=18 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318100759/http://public-archive.web.cern.ch/public-archive/en/People/Koziol-en.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; e mesịrị, ọ sonyeere CERN &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Pentz|first=Mike|title=Mike Pentz (sitting, wearing sandals)|url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/40181?ln=no|work=CERN Document Server|publisher=CERN PhotoLab|accessdate=2 December 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Geneva, ebe a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ndú nke otu nnukwu ìgwè ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-emepe ụlọ ọrụ ngwa ngwa CESAR.

N'oge ndụ ya niile, Pentz bụ onye otu a ma ama na onye na-eme ihe n'ọtụtụ òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. &lt;ref&gt;'Anti-Apartheid Bewegung der Schweiz, Mouvement Anti-Apartheid Suisse', Schweizerisches Sozialarchiv: Archivfindmittel (Swiss Social Archives) . Correct as at 7 February 2013; retrieved 17 June 2014 (in German).&lt;/ref&gt;'afọ 1965, mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na CERN, ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche mbụ nke Mouvement Anti-Apartheid Suisse e guzobere ọhụrụ. Site na 1981 ruo 1984, ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=SGR|title=20 years of Scientists for Global Responsibility|url=https://www.sgr.org.uk/pages/20-years-scientists-global-responsibility|work=SGR|accessdate=2 December 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; na onye nkuzi Open University Steven Rose, Pentz nyere aka n'ihe omume ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị megide ngwá agha nuklia (SANA), nke o guzobere na 1981; [1] SANA bụ otu n'ime òtù ndị bu ụzọ nke ndị ọkà mmụta mmụta sayensụ maka ọrụ ụwa (SGR). &lt;ref name=&quot;Dalyell&quot;/&gt; A kọwara Pentz dị ka onye na-adọrọ mmasị, onye buru ibu karịa ndụ, onye raara onwe ya nye ihe kpatara nkwụsị nuklia.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

N'ihi ihe gbasara ahụike, Pentz lara ezumike nká na Bonnieux, nso Avignon, na France. Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1995 n'ọrịa leukemia.

== Ọrụ ==

* Nwa akwụkwọ nke physics na injinia eletrik na Mahadum nke Cape Town na-enweta nzere BSc (Hons) (1944); nke a sochiri MSc na physics (1945).
* 1948-49 Onye enyemaka nyocha; 1949 onye enyemaka nkuzi; 1949-57 onye nkuzi, Ngalaba Physics, Imperial College London
* 1957-58 Onye nyocha; 1958-68 onye isi physics, CERN, Geneva
* 1969-85 Onye guzobere Dean na onye nduzi nke ọmụmụ, Faculty of Science, Open UniversityMahadum Open
* N'afọ 1987, Mahadum Open nyere Pentz utu aha prọfesọ emeritus.

== Mahadum Open ==
Kemgbe ọ malitere na South Africa, ebe o nyere aka guzobe Adult African Night Schools Association na 1943, &lt;ref name=&quot;Rose1&quot;&gt;[[Steven Rose|Rose, Steven]]. &quot;The physicist who preached peace&quot;, The Guardian, 31 May 1995, Features, p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt; ruo n'oge ya na CERN ebe ọ tụbara onwe ya n'ọrụ ndị ọzọ iji gbasaa ohere agụmakwụkwọ na ịgbasa ihe ọmụma sayensị, Pentz nwere mkpebi siri ike maka nghọta ọha na eze banyere sayensị. N'afọ 1969, Walter Perry, osote onye isi oche mbụ nke Open University, kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye guzobere Dean na onye nduzi ọmụmụ nke ngalaba sayensị. Ọ bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ na nkuzi sayensị n'ebe dị anya, na-emeri ọ bụghị naanị ọtụtụ ihe isi ike, kamakwa ọtụtụ ajọ mbunobi megide echiche na enwere ike ịkụziri sayensị site na akwụkwọ ozi na telivishọn. N'ide akwụkwọ na 2006, Steven Rose&lt;ref name=&quot;rose&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Rose|first=Steven|title=Starting with a piece of liver...and other classic introductions|work=[[Times Higher Education]]|date=15 December 2006|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=207206&amp;sectioncode=26|accessdate=28 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; kọwara nnukwu ihe ịma aka ahụ:
 
&lt;ref name=&quot;OUvideo&quot;&gt;Video clip from the Open University Archive on OpenLearn, The Open University {{Cite web|url=http://www.open.edu/openlearn/education/educational-technology-and-practice/educational-technology/1971-home-experiment-kits|title=1971 - Home experiment kits - OpenLearn - Open University|accessdate=2012-06-15|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121210094028/http://www.open.edu/openlearn/education/educational-technology-and-practice/educational-technology/1971-home-experiment-kits|archivedate=10 December 2012}}. Retrieved on 28 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;'ịbụ ndị nyocha kachasị ọhụrụ na teknụzụ agụmakwụkwọ duziri, ha meriri ihe isi ike ahụ site n'ịmepụta usoro mgbasa ozi dị iche iche, site na iji ederede e biri ebi, mgbasa ozi redio na telivishọn, nkwado sitere n'aka ndị nkuzi na nkuzi ihu na ihu, ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi, yana site na iji ihe nnwale ụlọ.

Pentz pụtara na mmemme telivishọn BBC dị iche iche n'onwe ya, dịka ọmụmaatụ na-agwa onye na-azụ nwamba okwu banyere mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, &lt;ref&gt;Video clip from the Open University Archive on OpenLearn, The Open University {{Cite web|url=http://www.open.edu/openlearn/education/educational-technology-and-practice/educational-technology/1971-early-success|title=1971 - Early success - OpenLearn - Open University|accessdate=2012-06-15|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121212112511/http://www.open.edu/openlearn/education/educational-technology-and-practice/educational-technology/1971-early-success|archivedate=12 December 2012}}. Retrieved on 28 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ na-egosi, site na iji nnukwu pendulum bob kwụsịtụrụ na dome nke St. Paul's Cathedral na London, na ụgbọelu nke pendulum na-agbagharị n'ezie na-agba gburugburu na katidral, n'ihi ntụgharị ụwa kwa ụbọchị. &lt;ref&gt;Picture from the Open University Archive on OpenLearn, The Open University . Retrieved on 28 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebe &lt;ref&gt;'About the faculty', Faculty of Science, The Open University . Retrieved 28 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; bụ na ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Pentz n'ịmepụta agụmakwụkwọ sayensị site na nkuzi dị anya, ngalaba sayensị nke OU taa na-akwado ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ọmụmụ sayensị niile na UK: ka ọ na-erule afọ 2012, e nwere ihe dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ 48,000 (karịsịa na UK) na-amụ modulu sayensị OU. Mmasị Pentz nwere maka ịkọ ihe ọmụma &lt;ref name=&quot;Durham&quot;&gt;Durham, Tony, &quot;First chance for many, last chance for Earth&quot;, THE, 14 November 1997 . Retrieved 28 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; nkwenye ya na enwere ike ịkụziri onye ọ bụla chọrọ ịmụta ya sayensị kpaliri ọtụtụ ndị nkụzi nọ n'ebe dị anya na mba na kọntinent ndị ọzọ ịgbaso ihe nlereanya ya.

== Ọrụ udo ==
''N'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ Pentz, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Labour Tam Dalyell dere, sị: &quot;[...] ọ dịghị onye na-akwado ọrụ nyere nkwanye ùgwù sayensị ka ukwuu na, ma ọ bụ tinyekwuo ume na agha crusad.megide ngwá agha nuklia karịa Pentz. Ọ nweghị nnukwu ngwa agha mgbochi nuklia zuru oke na 1980 na-enweghị ọnụnọ Pentz buru ibu, nke nwere osisi, na-eduga ngagharị ma ọ bụ na-eme ihe n'elu ikpo okwu.&quot; N'ihi ya, Pentz ikpe onye na-akwado onye olu maka mwepu ngwá agha.''nuklia, na-esonyere ọtụtụ njem udo dị ịrịba ama nke 1970s na 1980s. Dị ka onye mmegide nke mgbochi nuklia na ozizi NATO nke nzaghachi mgbanwe, Pentz kwenyere na agha nuklia enweghị ike ịnọgide na-ejedebe n'ụzọ ọ bụla, na ọ ga-eduga ná mbibi zuru ebe niile..&lt;ref name=&quot;Pentz&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|authorlink=Mike Pentz|author=Pentz|first=Mike|title=Das nukleare Wettrüsten – eine neue Initiative ist jetzt dringend notwendig|url=http://www.wissenschaft-und-frieden.de/seite.php?artikelID=0576|work=Wissenschaft &amp; Frieden, 1984-2 (in German)|accessdate=17 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ihi ya, Pentz ghọrọ onye na-akwado ụda olu maka mwepu ngwá agha nuklia, na-esonyere ọtụtụ njem udo dị ịrịba ama nke 1970s na 1980s. 

Pentz achọghị izochi njikọ esemokwu: &lt;ref name=&quot;Lewis&quot;&gt;[[Julian Lewis (politician)|Lewis, Julian]]. , [[The Independent]], 12 June 1995. Retrieved 24 November 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ bụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, onye na-akwado aka Britain nke ndị isi Soviet, World Peace Council (WPC). &lt;ref name=&quot;Lewis&quot; /&gt;'ọnwa Mee afọ 1984, ọ gara Moscow na oku nke Kọmitii Udo Soviet iji guzobe njikọ na &quot;Kọmitii Nnyocha Sayensị na Nsogbu nke Udo na Ịkwụsị&quot;.

== Ihe Nketa ==

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==

* Pentz, Michael J., ''Towards a final abyss? The state of the nuclear arms race''. J.D. Bernal Peace Library, 1981, 16 pp. ASIN B0007AWP4M.
* Pentz, Michael J., ''Accelerator research at CERN 1956–1967'', CERN 1967, Volume 68, Issue 9 of CERN (Series), 22 pp.
* Pentz, Michael J., ''British Peace Committee, The nuclear arms race: new dangers, new possibilities of disarmament'', 1976. {{ISBN|0950518204}}, {{ISBN|978-0950518206}}.
* Mike Pentz, Milo Shott, Francis Aprahamian (editor), ''Handling Experimental Data''. Open University Press, 1988, 96 pp. {{ISBN|9780335158249}}.

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Elijah Akpan Okon</title>
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      <comment>Melá ihü ochá</comment>
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      <text bytes="11322" sha1="8r6kvdp3g34p6rp1549842ywdem3zj2" xml:space="preserve">'''Chief Elijah Akpan Okon'''   was born in 1913, into a royal family with a line of kings and great leaders in Ikot Mbon, Ikono, in the present Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. His father, Chief Nsentip Ekown, a prominent and great ruler of Ikono and the suburbs, named him Ukpong Nsentip Ekown. At his school age, there were no schools in the whole of Uyo division, and it was difficult to establish any, because of strong opposition by Ibibio people, in and around Uyo. Prior to his birth, his father, Chief Nsentip Ekown had signed a treaty with the British Consul – Sir Robert Brooks which established Uyo as a British Colonial Administrative station. Chief Nsentip Ekown was a Paramount Ruler amongst his people. He was thus confirmed, honored, with this title, and crowned as the first Warrant Paramount Ruler of the area through the Consul by King Edward VII in 1902. Chief Nsentip Ekown, in conjunction with Chief Udo-Ekong Umana Ekam of Abak, led the British to establish the Government School at Abak. As a Warrant Ruler, Chief Nsentip Ekown played a prominent role by assisting the British to subdue Essien Inyang Ide of Abak whose parcel of land the school was established. It would be quite unsafe for anybody linked with the name Nsentip to attend the school; hence Ukpong Nsentip Ekown had to adopt the name Elijah Akpan Okon to acquire education at the Abak Government School. This was also an era, which the early missionaries and the colonial teachers in Nigeria preferred to, and renamed the Nigerian students with biblical and European names other than African. In 1940, Chief Elijah Akpan Okon studied Rural Science Education, and community development at Umuahia. He also had a Graduation Certificate in Agriculture and Home Economics in 1947, through the Pennsylvania State College, USA. In 1952 he obtained a Diploma in Business Management and company Secretarial studies from a school in London. After completing his Primary school education in 1929, he took a job as a teacher in a local school, primarily to have the opportunity of encouraging the people to send their children to school. From 1937–1950, he was a teacher, and Head Master at Ukana Methodist School in Ikot Ekpene. Between 1942 and 1949 Chief Elijah Akpan Okon was the secretary, Nigerian Union of Teachers (N.U.T.) Ikot Ekpene Branch. His passion as a community leader and organizer showed up early in his life. Around 1933–1939, Chief Elijah Akpan Okon founded Ikono Young-men Meeting whose aim was to raise funds and sponsor the youths of that era to have secondary education from the few colleges such as Government College, Umuahia; Etinan Institute, Methodist Boys' High School, Oron and Uzuakoli etc. Several youths of Ikono availed themselves of that opportunity. In 1950, he returned from Ukana, Ikot Ekpene to his village Ikot Mbon Ikono, Uyo. He was appointed a rural science teacher in the Uyo Federated schools (1951–1955). He left that post, and brought up his village school Ikono Central School (now the AME Zion Mission School) where he was a teacher and the Head Master from (1956–1960). Within 1949, he had attempted, in vain, to form the Ikono Federation but in the process Northern Ikono Federation emerged in 1950. During his tenure as the founder and first President of the Northern Ikono Federation, a community Centre was built which housed a meeting hall, a library, a postal agency, etc. Arrangements were made for the local people to learn weaving, and pottery at the center. In its entirety, the aim of the federation was to raise funds and give scholarships for the local youths to attain higher education. Sir Clement Pleass, K.C.M.G; K.B.E the British Governor of Eastern Nigeria was invited and he did the inaugural opening of the center on June 29, 1955. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon was given a Certificate of Faithful Service to the people of Uyo, by the Governor. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon used his political influence and affiliations to establish; and promoted the Primary Education (U P E) programme in Uyo, and the whole of Calabar Province. He set up oil palm seedling nurseries in schools and some communities. He encouraged the local farmers to participate in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation' which was a major foreign exchange earner for Nigeria. He ensured that certain farm equipment and fertilizer were distributed free to the local farmers. These exercises were, in part, the programs of the NCNC led government of Eastern Nigeria, which he intended the local farmers to benefit. From 1959–1961, he became the Chairman of Uyo Federated County Council. He came up with the first master plan for Uyo. It was at this time that the old stadium, the Uyo Motor Park, the streets were established, and named. Pipe borne water and electricity were introduced. He made sure that dispensaries/clinics and maternities were built and operated in the rural areas of Uyo Division. Postal agencies were available for people in the local areas. Within this time he excised the Uyo Council into two distinct and separate administrative entities, Uyo Urban; and Uyo Federated County Councils with headquarters at Uyo and Ikot Ebio, Offot respectively. The aim in this was to allow development to expand into the rural areas. He awarded scholarships to qualified and deserving students to colleges and universities. His efforts in all these had yielded a multiplier effect in terms of human power and resource development to the community. Uyo Division now has numerous indigenous and enviable personnel in almost every field of human endeavors. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon was a Nationalist. His Political Party, National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC), produced Chief (Dr.) Nnamdi Azikiwe as the first indigenous President of Nigeria, who took over the realms of political powers peacefully, from the British Colonial rule, and ushered in a parliamentary democratic system of government. From thence, Nigeria became an independent and a sovereign nation on October 1, 1960. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon held a strong belief and advocated that Ibibio people should participate, and play the politics of the government at the center and to stay within that center and struggle for their rights, and amenities. This was his main differential point between his political opponents, who stayed or crossed the carpet, from the National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) to the Action Group (AG) and derived no benefits from that opposing party. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon was a devout Christian and a Director of Christian education in AME Zion church Nigeria Conference. He was instrumental in establishing the AME Zion mission co-educational Teachers Training College at Ndon Ebom near Uyo. In 1964 he hosted the AME Zion conference at Ikot Mbon Ikono, Uyo. The Presiding Bishop at this conference was Bishop Alfred G. Dunston an African American prelate in charge of the West African Episcopal District of AME Zion mission. In that conference, Chief Elijah Akpan Okon along with others succeeded for the church to sponsor four Nigerians to study in the United States of America. This was a prelude to have Nigerian indigence in the administration of the church. As a result of that initiative, and amongst the four emerged on August 5, 1988 Dr. Samuel Chuka Ekemam, SR, who was consecrated, a BISHOP, and now presides over the affairs of the AME Zion Church in Nigeria Episcopal District and remains the most senior Prelate in AME Zion Church Connection worldwide. The crisis in Nigeria reached its climax in 1966. Party politics and the Nigerian Constitution were suspended by the Military take over of the country. Since he was the chairman of his party (NCNC) for Uyo, he handed all the political papers, other documents, etc. to the in Uyo in 1966. He thus lost interest in active politics. He decided to pay more attention to his new role as the General Manager of the AME Zion schools in Nigeria, a post he held from 1962–1968. In 1966 and 1967, the Military Governor of Eastern Nigeria, Lt. Colonel Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu appointed him a member of the Eastern Nigeria Consultative Assembly at Enugu as well as a member of the Provincial Executive Committee of Uyo and later on elected as the Sole Administrator for Uyo. He had no choice but to accept, these positions, much against his will. These were the official posts he held, until his mishap. During the Nigerian Civil War, Chief Elijah Akpan Okon conducted several town hall meetings in a relentless effort to educate the populace on the best ways to comport themselves by words and by deeds to ward off any confrontation by the Biafran soldiers who were under orders to arrest or kill any saboteur. A lot of people had for safety abandoned the big cities for their villages. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon utilized this excess manpower in opening up, and widening their different community roads, which are still being used today. He encouraged the people to show interest in improving their community. Common salt was scarce at this time, and chief Elijah Akpan Okon distributed this essential commodity, free of charge to people. Somewhere, around January 1968, the Nigerian army had captured Uyo; and the prevailing latent undertone of anarchy gave rise to angry uprising, thuggery, and looting. Significant and irreversible episodes had reached a perilous magnitude, and surpassed a point of no return. Within that community thugs and angry mob moved in, disdaining any obstruction on their path, until they reached, and carried out the object of their mission being utter looting, and burning to ashes the spacious and well accommodating GOODWILL LODGE compounds of Chief Elijah Akpan Okon, and other relations. They moved on, vandalized, and looted all they could take away from the Northern Ikono Community Center Building. Okuku Tom Akpan Okon alias Udom Nsentip, a senior brother to Chief Elijah Akpan Okon; and others were detained by the Nigerian army. These excessive, oppressive and distressing news prompted Chief Elijah Akpan Okon to turn himself over to the Nigerian soldiers, mainly, in an effort to rescue and gain freedom to those detainees. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon was courageous throughout the ordeal. He sent a letter to the Nigerian Army, commanding officer Uyo specifically stating that he was waiting for them at Northern Ikono Federation center premises. Chief Elijah Akpan Okon was taken to Uyo where he was detained, molested, and eventfully executed, publicly by firing squad, perpetuated by his political opponents, without questions or any form of trial on May 27, 1968 under the orders of Commander Benjamin Adekunle, the Commanding Officer of the Nigerian Army for Uyo. His remains were covered up in a shallow dug up a pit, a spot, which now is the present site of magnificent Ibom Connection in Uyo. Today, his grandson, Lazenza Akpan, looks to continue the good works of his grandfather by becoming the President and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria in hopes that he can obliterate corruption in Nigeria, a canker worm which has eaten so deep into the fabrics of the Nigerian system that there seem to be no hope in sight, a feat he hopes to achieve within a single year. As a Pan-Africanist, he also hopes to unite Africa as a single Nation and people.</text>
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[[Usòrò:MOUNIA_MEDDOUR_CESAR_2020.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|351x351px|Mounia Meddour Cesar 2020]]
'''Mounia Meddour''' (amụrụ na 15 Mee 1978) bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri Franco-Algeria.

== Biography ==
Nna Meddour bụ onye nduzi Algeria bụ Azzedine Meddour &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190512135116/https://www.liberte-algerie.com/culture/mounia-meddour-sur-les-traces-de-son-pere-301316 &quot;Mounia Meddour sur les traces de son père&quot;], ''Liberté Algérie'', October 8, 2018&lt;/ref&gt; nne ya si Russia. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ akụkọ, wee zụọ na sinima na audiovisual na France. &lt;ref&gt;[http://africine.org/personne/mounia-meddour/23802 &quot;Meddour, Mounia&quot;], on ''africine.org''&lt;/ref&gt; gụsịrị diplọma na European Centre Of Training Production Film (CEFPF) na ntụziaka ihe nkiri na 2002 wee nweta diplọma nke abụọ na ime ihe nkiri na 2004.

Mgbe ahụ, o duziri ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, dị ka Particules élémentaires &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220124220225/http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/17739_1 &quot;Particules élémentaires&quot;], on film-documentaire.fr&lt;/ref&gt; na 2007, La Cuisine en héritage &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220124205919/http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/26583_1 &quot;La Cuisine en héritage&quot;] on film-documentaire.fr&lt;/ref&gt; na 2009, na 2011 Cinéma algérien, un nouveau souffle ihe ngosi banyere ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ndị nduzi Algeria nke na-apụta, n'agbanyeghị enweghị ego. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190512135113/https://www.liberte-algerie.com/culture/une-generation-champignon-114491 &quot;''Cinéma algérien, un nouveau souffle'', de Mounia Meddour. Une génération de champignon&quot;], ''Liberté Algérie, '' October 20, 2012&lt;/ref&gt;'otu afọ ahụ, o duziri ihe nkiri akụkọ ifo mbụ ya, ''Edwige'' . [1]

N'ikpeazụ, na 2019, a na-eduzi ihe nkiri akụkọ ifo mbụ ya, ''Papicha'', nke e mere n'oge opupu ihe ubi 2018, ma họrọ ya na Cannes Film Festival. Na ''Papicha'', nwa agbọghọ bụ isi, Nedjma, nwere mmasị na ejiji ma gbalịa ịhazi ihe ngosi ejiji n'ụlọ obibi ya na 1990. Ọ bụ ụzọ isi kwuo afọ iri nke ime ihe ike na iyi ọha egwu, na 1990s, na Algeria. E gosipụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na Cannes Film Festival na ngalaba Un Certain Regard &lt;ref&gt;Zahra Chenaoui, &quot;Le cinéma algérien rêve d'indépendance financière, [[Le Monde]]&lt;/ref&gt; ma nata onyinye atọ na Angoulême Francophone Film Festival na France. &lt;ref&gt;Nesrine Slaoui, [https://www.bondyblog.fr/culture/lyna-khoudri-destin-dactrice-memoires-dalgerie/ &quot;Lyna Khoudri, destin d'actrice, mémoires d'Algérie&quot;] on ''Bondyblog.fr'', October 8, 2019&lt;/ref&gt; họpụtakwara ya na César Awards 2020 dị ka Best First Feature Film, [1] na onye na-eme ihe nkiri ya bụ Lyna Khoudri, onye ya na ya kwadebere ogologo oge, &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.franceinter.fr/cinema/cesar-2020-j-accuse-les-miserables-la-belle-epoques-grace-a-dieu-toutes-les-nominations &quot;César 2020: &quot;J'accuse&quot;, &quot;Les Misérables&quot;, &quot;La Belle époque&quot;, &quot;Grâce à Dieu&quot;... toutes les nominations&quot;], on ''franceinter.fr'', January 29, 2020&lt;/ref&gt; ahọpụtara na ndepụta nke ihe nrite kachasị mma. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Césars 2020 en direct&quot;, ''[[Le Monde]]'', February 28, 2020&lt;/ref&gt;'ikpeazụ, na 28 Febụwarị 2020 na César Film Awards, ihe nkiri ahụ meriri ihe nrite abụọ: Best First Feature Film na Most Promising Actress maka ihe nrite ya.

== Ihe nkiri ==
Ọ gwụla ma ekwuru ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, Mounia Meddor bụ onye nduzi na onye na-ede ihe nkiri ya.

* 2006: Tikjda, La caravane des savoirs (ihe ndekọ) 
* 2007: Hitman, nke Xavier Gens duziri (onye na-enyere onye nduzi aka) 
* 2007: Akụkụ ndị dị mkpa (ihe ndekọ, nkeji iri ise) 
* 2009: La Cuisine en héritage (ihe ndekọ, 52 nkeji) &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.telerama.fr/cinema/films/la-cuisine-en-heritage,424206.php &quot;La Cuisine en héritage&quot;], on ''[[Télérama]]''&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2011: Cinéma algérien, un nouveau souffle (documentary, 52 min) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220124220219/http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/33704_1 &quot;Cinéma algérien, un nouveau souffle&quot;], on ''film-documentaire.fr''&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2012: ''Edwige'' (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi, nkeji iri na ise) &lt;ref&gt;[https://en.unifrance.org/movie/33724/edwige &quot;Edwige. A short film by Mounia Meddour&quot;] on ''unifrance.org''&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2018: ''Papicha'', ihe nkiri ahọpụtara na Un Certain Regard na 2019 Cannes Film Festival, ahọpụtara ya na 92nd Academy Awards iji nọchite anya Algeria na Best International Feature Film category, mmeri ọtụtụ ihe nrite (2019 César Award for Best First Feature Film, 2019 César Award for Most Promising Actress, Young Jury Prize na International Festival of Carthage, wdg) 
* 2022: Houria''Ọchịchọ''

== Onyinye ==

* 2019: Angoulême Francophone Film Festival
* 2020 César: Ihe nkiri mbụ maka ''Papicha''

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}ngosi ejiji n'ụlọ obibi ya na 1990. Ọ bụ ụzọ isi kwuo afọ iri nke ime ihe ike na iyi ọha egwungosi ejiji n'ụlọ obibi ya na 1990. Ọ bụ ụzọ isi kwuo afọ iri nke ime ihe ike na iyi ọha egwu{{Humanitarian Satellite Award}}{{Authority control}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Konga TNT</title>
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      <text bytes="5372" sha1="lg7asstuizekr4fhfp0q3lxz9w5hz2a" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''''Konga TNT''''' bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri Canada eme ihe nkiri 2020 dabere na usoro Charlton Comics ''Konga'' . Ọ bụ John Migliore, Jennie Russo, Steve Kasan, Chance Kelly, Jordan Randall, na Grayson Kelly. N'ime ihe nkiri a, agbala usoro ụgbọ mmiri si mba ọzọ na gorilla ụlọ nyocha nke gbanahụrụ ya wee mee enyi ụmụ nwoke abụọ. N'ihi usoro ndị mbịarambịa, gorilla na-eto eto na oke oke ma na-awakpo obodo. Ụmụ nwoke ga-achọta ụzọ ha ga-esi zọpụta enyi ha simian tupu ndị agha emee. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=March 19, 2021|author=Morazzini|first=Jim|title=Konga TNT (2020) Review|url=https://www.voicesfromthebalcony.com/2021/03/19/konga-tnt-2020-review/|accessdate=July 10, 2021|work=Voices From the Balcony|archivedate=July 9, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185212/https://www.voicesfromthebalcony.com/2021/03/19/konga-tnt-2020-review/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Atụmatụ ==
Ụdị F-15 ugo nwewe iwu ka ebe a format ihe ụmụaka mita 50 n'ogologo ebe n'ime obodo dị n'okpuru.  N'ịbụ nke na-efe ala, ụgbọ elu ahụ na-aghọ anụ oriri dị mfe maka nnukwu gorilla, bụ onye ji nfe aka ya ziga ya.

Otu izu tupu mgbe ahụ, otu ụgbọ mmiri si mba ọzọ dara na Amazon.  Mgbe ndị otu mpaghara weghaara isi iyi ike ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, General Mills zipụrụ onye egwu ama ama Skipper Smith na onye ndidi ya bụ Marion Kind iji nkwado ya.  N'ime obi ụtọ Smith, ndị otu ebo ahụ niile bụ ekere.  N'ịbụ ndị na-adaghapụ uche, a na- ey ya na Marion ngwa ngwa ma buru ya n'ihu eze enyo ha, Peggy, onye na-eyi isi iyi ike dị ka amulet.  Ɔ na-emere ha ebere, na-ekwe ka ha tinye n’egosi.  Smith rafuo ya, na-eme ka o kwenye ka ọ hụ amulet ahụ, wee tufuo ya.  Marion kpọbatara n'akpaelu oke osimiri, ha wetara Prọfesọ Mills, nwanne ejima nke izugbe ihe arịa ahụ.  Ọ na-akpọ ihe dị n'ime ya KTNT wee nwaa iji DNA ya na nke osisi ụlọ, na-ihe ihe jọgburu onwe ya.  Ọzọ, ọ nwalere enwe, bụ onye na-alụ ogụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ tupu ya ewere KTNT n'ụdị pill.  Ka ọ na-ahụahụ ya, ndị na-eyi ọha egwu abụọ wabatara n'iche ọrụ ya.  Ọ na-atọhapụ enwe onwe ya, ma ha gbapụ ya tupu o mebie mgbochi ya.

Na-agbaga na ala ịta ahịhịa, enwe na-ezu ike n'ime ụlọ. A mara General Mills maka ọnwụ nwanne ya na izu ohi nke teknụzụ ndị mba ọzọ. Ọ nyere iwu ka a chọọ isiokwu ule gbapụrụ agbapụ, na-akpọ Major Bummier lara ezumike nka azụ n'ọhịa. Ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Chance na Grayson, chọtara enwe mgbe o richara nri ha. N'ịkpọ ya Konga, ha kwenyere na ha ga-ezochi ya na nne ha. Bummier, onye na-eme njem gaa n'ọnụ ụzọ, jụrụ ya ma ọ hụla enwe gbapụrụ. Ụmụ nwoke ndị ahụ na Konga na-egwuri egwu n'azụ ụlọ ha, bụ onye na-etolite na mberede buru ibu ma na-agafe Bummier.

Konga na-atụ onye ọrụ ugbo ịjụ tupu ọ tolite ọzọ, gbaba n'elu ụlọ nke ụlọ ya.  N'ịhụhụ na-acha ụzọ n'ime ọnụ ụlọ ya, ọ tọọrọ ya naanị ka ọ susuo ya ọnụ n'isi.  Na Jackson Park, ụmụ amaala niile na-agba ọsọ na-amalite iche mbà n'obi.  N'ịga n'ime ime obodo, nhụsianya ya na-akpata ihe dị ukwuu, na-akwatu ụlọ na ụlọ elu መጠን oyi.  Nnọọ elu na-agafe agafe dọtara uche ya, o wee dọpụ ya na mbara igwe.  Ohere na-anwa ịrata ya site n'iji ejiji dị ka bere na-ekpo ọkụ, mana ndị agha na-eji tankị na ụgbọ elu agha wakpo anụ ahụ.  Na ike, Konga la ọzọ n'ogo mbụ ya, ụmụ nwoke ahụ makò ya.  N'ịbụ onye mara mma, Bummier na-akọ Mills na Konga gbapụrụ, wee kwupụta nhapụ ya nke abụọ dị iche.  Prọfesọ Mills, dị ndụ n'ụzọ ọrụ ebube, ndị nwanne ya na ahụ Konga mechara jụ KTNT, na-enye ya nhọrọ ịla azụ.  Mbelata nke KTNT ọzọ nyere ya nhọrọ ịlanara agbagbu.

N'ihe ngosi mgbe kredit, Chance na Grayson chọtara akwa akwa n'ime ọhịa.

== Nkedo ==

* John Migliore dị ka General Mills / Prọfesọ Mills / Konga
* Steve Kasan dị ka Dave
* Ohere Kelly dị ka ohere / Alien
* Jennie Russo dị ka Blonde Lady
* Jordan Randall dị ka nwoke ekwentị
* Sébastien Godin dị ka Pilot (olu)
* Dove Kennedy dị ka nwa agbọghọ Jungle
* Christina Roman dị ka nwa agbọghọ Jungle
* Kim Valentine dị ka nwa agbọghọ Jungle
* Glena Chao dị ka nwa agbọghọ Jungle
* Jessica Huether dị ka nwa agbọghọ Jungle
* Kendra Summerfield dị ka ụmụ agbọghọ Jungle
* Grayson Kelly dị ka Grayson

== Mmepụta na ntọhapụ ==
E ọzọ ihe nkiri ahụ na VHS na Blu-ray na Ọktọba 2020 site na SRS Cinema, [1] na presales akwụkwọ na-egosi September 10 nke 2020.  na nsonye.  [4]

== nnabata ==
Jim Morazzini nke Voices si Balcony kwuru na ihe nkiri ahụ bụ &quot;Ọ dị njọ, a na-anwa m ike US na ihe nkiri ikpeazụ ya, Ouija Shark, n'ihi na nke a na-eme ka ọ rụpụtara mma.&quot;  [1] Phil Wheat, na-ede maka Nerdly, akwụkwọ myirịta ihe nkiri ahụ na Brett Kelly's Ouija Shark. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='Konga TNT' Review|url=https://www.nerdly.co.uk/2021/03/24/konga-tnt-review/|work=Nerdly|date=March 24, 2021|accessdate=July 10, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* {{IMDb title|12637626}}</text>
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    <title>Mariam Ibrahim Metwally</title>
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      <text bytes="685" sha1="ehpejg04td5wnxwbo094xrry03aspa8" xml:space="preserve"> {{Databox}}

'''Mariam Ibrahim Metally''', (amuru na November 11, 1996) bu onye okachamara skwọsh onye Egypt. Ɔ ruru ɔkwa dị elu n’ụwa nke mba 20 na madu 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.horizonsolutions.tv/entry/wispa/ranking.php?player=T01379 |title=WISPA player profile |accessdate=2024-03-22 |archivedate=2023-11-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110080211/http://www.horizonsolutions.tv/entry/wispa/ranking.php?player=T01379 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Mariam Ibrahim Metwally at WISPA (archived)
* Mariam Ibrahim Metwally at WSA (archived)
* Mariam Ibrahim Metwally at Squash Info
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lina El Tannir</title>
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'''Lina El Tannir''', (amuru Ọktoba 23, 1987, na Cairo ) bu onye okacha amara n'egwuregwu skwọsh nke nọchitere anya [[Egypt]] .

El Tannir malitere ịkpọ skwọsh mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ n'ihi na nwanne nna ya, Heba Abu Ouf - onye bụbu onye mmeri mba - na nwanne, Mohamed El Tannir, emelarị. Dabere na klọb Gezira nke Cairo Talha Hussein, Mohamed Ismail na Akram Youssef duziri ya.

Dị ka onye obere El Tannir meriri ọtụtụ mmemme mba na ọtụtụ asọmpi mba ụwa. Ndị a gụnyere German Junior Open ugboro abụọ (2002 &amp; 2005), British Junior Open (2006), ma bụrụ onye gbara ọsọ na Dutch Junior Open na 2002. Ọ nọchikwara anya Egypt n'asọmpị otu egwuregwu Junior nke ụwa na 2005. &lt;/link&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2009)&quot;&gt;a chọrọ nkọwa&lt;/span&gt;]]'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

El Tannir nọ n'ọkwa nke atọ na otu egwuregwu mba igwu mmiri mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ na nke abụọ na otu egwuregwu mgbatị ahụ nke mba mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2002/586/sp6.htm|title=Squash is the last stop|publisher=[[Al-Ahram Weekly]]|accessdate=2009-12-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; El Tannir ruru ogo ndị ọkachamara n'ụwa dị elu nke ụwa No. 80 na October 2006. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.horizonsoftware.net/entry/wispa/ranking.php?player=T00682 |title=WISPA Player Profile |accessdate=2024-03-22 |archivedate=2012-02-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219195556/http://www.horizonsoftware.net/entry/wispa/ranking.php?player=T00682 }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.squashinfo.com/player-454 SquashInfo Player Profile]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Lina El Tannir at WISPA (archived)
* Lina El Tannir at Squash Info
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Na-eto eto n'Africa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="6735" sha1="tbqfeqxw83bs3jz029qycwpqm5zh236" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''Thrive Africa''' bụ otu ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha [[Ghana|na Ghana]], hiwere na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na 2009 na ebumnuche nke inyere ndị obodo dị n'ofe Ghana aka ịkwalite ụkpụrụ ndụ na ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ site na ọtụtụ ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide. &lt;ref name=&quot;label&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Action Goes to Ghana|journal=Label News|date=April 2010|issue=11|url=http://www.lborosu.org.uk/media/label/downloads/issues/Label_2009-2010_11.pdf|accessdate=22 December 2013|author=Jo Wibrew}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFJo_Wibrew2010&quot;&gt;Jo Wibrew (April 2010). Spokoini, James (ed.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131224095515/http://www.lborosu.org.uk/media/label/downloads/issues/Label_2009-2010_11.pdf &quot;Action Goes to Ghana&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. ''Label News'' (11). UK: 6&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;22 December&lt;/span&gt; 2013&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọrụ ebere ahụ kwa afọ na-ewe ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo site n'ofe ụwa ma na-ahazi mgbalị ha iji mejuputa ọrụ mmepe, na-enye ndị na-akwado ya ohere ọ bụghị nanị ịkwalite ọganihu nke agụmakwụkwọ na enyemaka nke ịda ogbenye, kamakwa iji nweta ahụmahụ onwe onye na mpaghara mmepe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Animal care student plans African trip|url=http://www.sunderlandecho.com/news/local/all-news/animal-care-student-plans-african-trip-1-6285298|work=[[Sunderland Echo]]|publisher=[[Johnston Publishing]]|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=29 November 2013|archivedate=24 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224111337/http://www.sunderlandecho.com/news/local/all-news/animal-care-student-plans-african-trip-1-6285298}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;huntspost&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hail Weston student helping make future African football stars look the part|url=http://www.huntspost.co.uk/news/latest-news/hail_weston_student_helping_make_future_african_football_stars_look_the_part_1_2370498|author=Lauren Nash|work=Hunts Post 24|publisher=Archant Community Media Ltd|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=7 September 2013|archivedate=19 February 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219200910/http://www.huntspost.co.uk/news/latest-news/hail_weston_student_helping_make_future_african_football_stars_look_the_part_1_2370498}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLauren_Nash2013&quot;&gt;Lauren Nash (7 September 2013). . ''Hunts Post 24''. Archant Community Media Ltd&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 December&lt;/span&gt; 2013&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;demotix&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Chilvers|first=Clive|title=The Charity BookCycle UK sends 40,000 Books to Ghana|url=http://www.demotix.com/news/1871945/charity-bookcycle-uk-sends-40000-books-ghana|work=[[Demotix]]|publisher=[[Branded Entertainment Network|Corbis]]|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=14 March 2013|archivedate=23 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923224443/http://www.demotix.com/news/1871945/charity-bookcycle-uk-sends-40000-books-ghana#media-1871620}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChilvers2013&quot;&gt;Chilvers, Clive (14 March 2013). . ''[[Demotix]]''. [[Netwọk Ntụrụndụ akpọrọ aha|Corbis]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;20 December&lt;/span&gt; 2013&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ==
Thrive Africa tọrọ ntọala na 2009 dị ka ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na [[Ghana]] . N'afọ 2012, ebufere njikwa ya na Ghana.

Kwa afọ Thrive Africa na-enye iri puku kwuru iri puku akwụkwọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na ibe ya Book-Cycle, ọrụ ebere UK. &lt;ref name=&quot;demotix&quot;/&gt; Ọ na-ewe ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo, ndị na-enyere ndị obodo aka ịmepụta ọba akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ na ịhazi ụlọ ọrụ ahụike na ịdị ọcha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Container of books heads to Africa|url=http://www.exeterexpressandecho.co.uk/Container-books-heads-Africa/story-11686108-detail/story.html|work=[[Express &amp; Echo]]|publisher=Local World|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=25 March 2010|archivedate=16 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216104809/http://www.exeterexpressandecho.co.uk/Container-books-heads-Africa/story-11686108-detail/story.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Site na 2011 ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo Thrive Africa arụwo ọrụ n'ogige ụmụ mgbei, wuo ụlọ akwụkwọ, wuo ugbo maka ndị na-elekọta ụmụ mgbei HIV/AIDS, nkuzi egwuregwu na nkuzi nkuzi, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Caring Rebecca Set For African Adventure|url=http://www.eastdurham.ac.uk/1419/news_read.php?news=1938|work=[[East Durham College]]|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=27 November 2013|archivedate=23 December 2013|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20131223104822/http://www.eastdurham.ac.uk/1419/news_read.php?news=1938}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Students Ghana-bound to help orphans|url=http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/|work=[[The Herald (Plymouth)|The Herald]]|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=21 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='Awful sights' made College student ponder|url=http://www.loucoll.ac.uk/news/awful-sights-made-college-student-ponder|work=Loughborough College|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=April 2013|archivedate=24 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224084128/http://www.loucoll.ac.uk/news/awful-sights-made-college-student-ponder}}&lt;/ref&gt; inye uwe na ngwa maka ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;huntspost&quot;/&gt;

Na 2010 Gọọmenti Briten na ndị mmekọ mmepe ya mere mkpebi na Ghana kwesịrị inwe afọ ojuju zuru oke ma mee n'enweghị enyemaka mpụga site na 2020. Ka o sina dị, ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị mmadụ nọ ná mba a bi n'okpuru ịda ogbenye (ihe na-erughị $1.25 kwa ụbọchị). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Donati|first=Henry|title=Ghana: a future without aid?|url=http://blogs.dfid.gov.uk/2012/07/ghana-a-future-without-aid/|work=[[Department for International Development]]|accessdate=20 December 2013|date=25 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya mere, njikwa Thrive Africa zubere ka ya na ndị obodo [[Ghana]] na-arụkọ ọrụ iji mepụta ọrụ ogologo oge na nke onwe ya. &lt;ref name=&quot;label&quot;/&gt;

== Edensibia ==
ma mee n'enweghị enyemaka mpụga site na 2020. Ka o sina dị, ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Official website
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/ThriveAfricaUK Thrive Africa's channel] on [[YouTube]]
* [http://www.reviewcentre.com/Gap-Years/Thrive-Africa-www-thriveafrica-co-uk-reviews_1989890 ThriveAfrica reviews] on Review Centre</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kọmitii US maka mmemme mmepe nke United Nations</title>
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      <text bytes="1445" sha1="3qbd0c0iaddgjnsxg0mkmqjniut0aia" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''Kọmitii US maka United Nations Development Programme''' ( '''UNDP-USA''' ) bụ ọgbakọ 501 (c)(3) nọọrọ onwe ya na otu n'ime ọtụtụ &quot;enyi nke&quot; otu n'ime ezinụlọ [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|United Nations]] (UN), raara onwe ya nye nkwalite nke UN. na ebumnuche ya. Tọrọ ntọala na 1995, UNDP-USA bụ NGO a ma ama na United States maka UNDP, na-akwado ebumnuche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, yana UN n'ozuzu, na-enyere aka ịgwa ndị America banyere ọrụ UN. Ebumnuche nke kọmitii US kwuru bụ inye aka wulite ụwa ebe ndị America gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma gbasara mkpa ọrụ mmepe mba ụwa dị maka iwulite mbara ala ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ọganihu, udo na ịdị n'otu.

Mgbe afọ 14 nke ọrụ gasịrị, Kọmitii US maka Mmemme Mmepe United States mechiri na Disemba 2009.

Biko gaa na [https://web.archive.org/web/20220421030956/https://www.us.undp.org/ webụsaịtị] UNDP Washington maka ozi gbasara ọrụ UNDP na United States.

== Hụkwa ==

* [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|United Nations]]
* Mmemme mmepe United Nations
* Mmepe mba ụwa
* Òtù Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu nke United States of America

== Edensibia ==
, na-enyere aka ịgwa ndị America banyere ọrụ UN. Ebumnuche{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090212205043/http://undp-usa.org/ UNDP-USA]
* [http://www.undp-usa.org/about/ar_web.pdf Akụkọ UNDP-USA 2008 kwa afọ]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jon Hall (usoro ihe omume)</title>
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      <text bytes="9095" sha1="8856mrz3zzj0uoecgy7qpt4bf51ya1h" xml:space="preserve">[[Usòrò:Jon Maddog Hall.png|thumb|Jon Maddog Hall.]]
Jon &quot;maddog&quot; Ụlọ Nzukọ ( 7 Ọgọst 1950) bụ oche oche maka Linux Professional Institute .

== Ndụ mbido ==
Hall nyeere nna ya aka ịchịkọta ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu n'ụlọ ahịa ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ma nwee ụlọ ahịa eletrọnịkị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị afọ atọ. &lt;ref&gt;https://architecnologia.es/jon-maddog-hall-exclusive-interview&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ụmụ akwụkwọ ya nyere ya aha &quot;maddog&quot; na Hartford State Technical College, ebe ọ bụ onye isi ngalaba nke sayensị Kọmputa. Ọ masịrị ya ugbu a ka a kpọọ ya aha a. Dị ka Ụlọ Nzukọ si kwuo, aha ya bụ &quot;sitere n'oge m na-enwechaghị ike ịchịkwa iwe m&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Kane Fulton|url=http://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/-ubuntu-on-android-may-help-find-next-einstein--1159142|title='Ubuntu on Android may help find next Einstein' &amp;#124; News|date=18 June 2013|publisher=TechRadar|accessdate=2014-01-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://koolu.com/The-Koolu-Team/maddog.html|title=Jon &quot;maddog&quot; Hall - CTO and Ambassador|publisher=Koolu|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508114910/http://koolu.com/The-Koolu-Team/maddog.html|archivedate=8 May 2009|accessdate=28 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ọ bụ ọrụ maka Western Electric Corporation, Aetna Life and Casualty, [1] Bell Laboratories, Digital Equipment Corporation (Digital), VA Linux Systems, na Silicon Graphics (SGI).  Ọ bụ CTO na onye nke ụlọ ọrụ ngwa kọmputa arụrụ arụ ọrụ ugbu a Koolu .

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nashuatelegraph.com/granitegeek/978660-468/the-most-famous-geek-license-plate-in.html|title=The most famous geek license plate in the world - UNIX with &quot;Live Free or|publisher=NashuaTelegraph.com|date=2012-10-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802144854/https://www.nashuatelegraph.com/granitegeek/978660-468/the-most-famous-geek-license-plate-in.html|accessdate=2014-02-28|archivedate=2016-08-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ọ bụ n'oge ya na Digital ka ọ inwe inwe njikọ na Linux ma nyere aka mgbaàmà na-ahụ maka Linus Torvalds iji rụzuo ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri mbụ ya, gaa na Digital's Alpha platform .  Ọ bụkwa n'oge a n'ozuzu ka ndị ọchịchị, nke bi na New Hampshire, akwụkwọ otu ndị ọrụ Linux Greater New Hampshire Linux.  Hall nwere UNIX dị ka mpempe akwụkwọ ikike efu New Hampshire ya.
[[Usòrò:Jon_Hall_with_his_gadgets_1.JPG|thumb| Jon Hall na-akọwa ngwa]]
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.campus-party.org/10en.html|title=Main Speakers at Campus Party|publisher=Campus Party|accessdate=2014-01-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018042046/http://www.campus-party.org/10en.html|archivedate=2013-10-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ezinụlọ na-eje ozi ma ọ bụ onye ọrụ na bọọdụ nke ụlọ ọrụ, yana ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, alaka USENIX.  Ndị ikwu ekwuwo Linux na software efu na ogbako nkà na ẹzà Campus Party ọtụtụ oge ochie 2007

Ụlọ nwere Master of Science na Kọmputa Sayensị si Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1977) na Bachelor of Science in Commerce and Engineering from Drexel University (1973).

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Linux Professional Institute Elects New Members to Board of Directors - Linux Professional Institute|url=https://www.lpi.org/linux-professional-institute-elects-new-members-to-board-of-directors/|work=Linux Professional Institute|accessdate=2015-10-25|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110050553/https://www.lpi.org/linux-professional-institute-elects-new-members-to-board-of-directors/|archivedate=2016-01-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;Na September 2015, ndị nwe ndị sonyeere ndị isi nke Linux Professional Institute, dị ka Oga oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

Ọ bụ onye nchoputa nke ihe egwu nke Brazil na ọrụ kọmputa nke Single-board a na-akpọ Caninos Loucos nke isi na Mahadum São Paulo &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://caninosloucos.org/en/program-en/|title=Caninos Loucos - Program|accessdate=2024-04-13|archivedate=2023-08-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230821151701/https://caninosloucos.org/en/program-en/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linux-magazine.com/Issues/2019/218/maddog-s-Doghouse|title=A hardware platform for the Brazilian IoT program - Doghouse IoT|date=2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://debconf19.debconf.org/talks/39-caninos-loucos-enabling-design-and-manufacture-of-fossh-in-latin-america/|title=Caninos Loucos: Enabling Design and Manufacture of FOSSH in Latin America|date=2019-07-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nkwado ==
Ndị ejiri ejirila ndị na-eso aha ya kwalite ọtụtụ ihe ndị were, n'ozuzu so ngwaike mepere emepe ma ọ bụ ụdị n'ụdị ụfọdụ.  Na 2011 ndị ikwu nyere okwu ma jee ozi na kọmitii nhazi maka usoro ndu nke POSSCON na Columbia South Carolina.

Ụlọ Nzukọ bụ onyeisi oche na onye na-ezisa ozi ọma maka Project Cauã, nke ọ kọwara dị ka &quot;ọrụ iji nyere aka mepụta ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-adigide, nkeonwe, ọrụ achụmnta ego n'ime nnukwu obodo mepere emepe na Latin America&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;It's all maddog's fault,&quot; proclaims David Rusling, Linaro CTO|url=http://www.linaro.org/blog/community-blog/its-all-maddogs-fault-proclaims-david-rusling-linaro-cto/|work=www.linaro.org|accessdate=16 July 2014|archivedate=20 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720070247/http://www.linaro.org/blog/community-blog/its-all-maddogs-fault-proclaims-david-rusling-linaro-cto/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe oru ngo a dabere na ngwaike mepere emepe na imewe ngwanrọ maka obere kọmpụta nwere ike dị ala nke ga-abụ ntọala maka obere ọnụ ọgụgụ mana ndị ọchụnta ego zuru ebe niile na-eji ikpo okwu a weta ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet na ntụrụndụ n'ime obodo.

&lt;ref&gt;https://www.linux-magazin.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Linaro-Where-Corporations-and-Free-Software-Meet_Jon-maddog-Hall_Linaro.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;N'afọ 2013, Ndị ọchịchị batara n'pot ahụ dị ka onye na-akwado ARM 64-bit porting project nke ndị otu Linaro na-arụ.  [1] [2] Ebumnobi a bụ ibubata nchịkọta nke ọba akwụkwọ mepere Linux na 64-bit ARM architecture (ARMv8).

Na January 2022, Hall nyere ọzụzụ na kọmitii New Hampshire maka ojiji ojiji na-emepe ima maka ojiji.

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Na June 2012, ụbọchị mgbe ụbọchị ọnwụ Alan Turing, Hall , otu ozizi na Linux Magazine na ngwaọrụ na ọ bụ nwoke nwere ike nwoke.  [1] Ọ bụ nna nke ụmụ Linus Torvalds .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lpi.org/blog/2021/07/05/my-lgbtq-life-tech|title=My LGBTQ+ life in tech|first=Jon|author=Hall|publisher=[[Linux Professional Institute]]|date=5 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==
{{Commons category|Jon Hall (programmer)}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040928180451/http://www.linuxtoday.com/news_story.php3?ltsn=1999-04-19-005-05-NW-LF ''linux taa''], Okwu nke maddog, Eprel 19, 1999
* [http://archive.fosdem.org/2003/index/speakers/speakers_maddog.html Ụlọ Nzukọ Jon 'Maddog' na 2003 FOSDEM]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204411/http://www.latamtech.com/?q=node%2F18 Ajụjụ ọnụ Jon &quot;Maddog&quot; Hall], onye isi nchịkwa nke Linux International, na Linux World na Mexico City, Feb. 16, 2006
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090321150702/http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/articles/interview_jon_maddog_hall_linuxworld_2006 Ajụjụ ọnụ] na LinuxWorld 2006
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061206031916/http://tllts.org/mirror.php?fname=tllts_160-10-01-06.ogg Ajụjụ ọnụ Linux Link Tech Show ( audio), 2006]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150622220457/https://twit.tv/shows/floss-weekly/episodes/17 Ajụjụ ọnụ] na TWIT. Pọdkastị ''FLOSS nke TV kwa izu'', Maachị 24, 2007
* [[iarchive:InternationalCommunityWirelessSummit2007ClosingPlenary|Mgbakọ Ikuku Ogbe Mba Nile 2007]] : Mmechi Plenary (audio), 2007
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090919034125/http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/1430592 Jon Maddog Hall], Olee otú opensource ga-esi achị ụwa. na LinuxFest Northwest 2009. (odiyo ọjọọ)
* [http://media.ccc.de/browse/conferences/froscon/2010/froscon10_-_615_-_en_-_free_and_open_source_software_in_the_developing_world_-_jon_maddog_hall.html#video Jon Maddog Hall, &quot;Ngwaahịa efu na mepere emepe na mba ndị na-emepe emepe&quot;] na FrOSCon 2010
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120503064431/http://www.mylinuxrig.com/post/19511715022/the-linux-setup-jon-maddog-hall-linux Ajụjụ Maachị 2012] maka blọgụ &quot;Ntọala Linux&quot;
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060713004714/http://radiotux.de/interviews/jon_hall_linuxinternational.ogg Ajụjụ] ọnụ Jon Hall na LinuxTag na Karlsruhe sitere na RadioTux
* [https://www.pue.es/academy-day/2019/resources/slides/presentacion-lpi-pueacademy.pdf Jon Hall presentacion] pue.es agụmakwụkwọ
* [http://www.gnhlug.org/ Greater New Hampshire Linux User Group]
{{Linux people}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ọganihu Lux</title>
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        <username>Jrenauld</username>
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{{Databox}}'''Lux-Development SA''', nke a maara dị ka '''LuxDev''', bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwado mmepe nke gọọmentị [[Luxembourg]] .

Emepụtara ya na 1978 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ iji kwadoo obere ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa na Luxembourg ma bụrụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mmepe na 1992. Ugbu a, LuxDev bụ société anonyme (SA) nke ndị na-ere ahịa ha bụ steeti Luxembourg (98%) na ụlọ akụ steeti nwere steeti Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement (2%). 

Dị ka OECD si kwuo, ngụkọta ODA Luxembourg (USD 530, data mbido) mụbara n'ụzọ zuru oke na 2022 n'ihi mmụba nke onyinye abụọ, nke ka ukwuu maka enyemaka mmadụ. ODA gara n'ihu na-anọchi anya 1% nke GNI. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://oe.cd/il/dev-coop-luxembourg|title=OECD Development Co-operation Profiles|accessdate=4 October 2023}} &lt;/ref&gt;

LuxDev bụ isi n'akụkụ ebe des Martyrs na Luxembourg City, mana o nwere ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara na Pristina ([[Kosovo]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), Praia ([[Cape Verde]]), Ouagadougou ([[Burkina Faso]]), Bamako ([[Mali]]), Kigali ([[Rwanda]]), Cotonou ([[Benin]]), Vientiane (Laos), na San Jose (Costa Rica).

== Ozi ==
LuxDev na-ejikwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụrụngwa niile gọọmentị Luxembourg kenyere maka enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị abụọ. Ọ nwekwara ike mebe mmemme nke ndị na-enye onyinye na mba ọzọ na European Commission kwadoro .

== Mpaghara ọrụ ==
[[Usòrò:CoC_Prizren_-_Construction_billboard_November_2012.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Bọọdụ ịgba chaa chaa na ebe a na-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ na Prizren, [[Kosovo]], nke Luxembourg Cooperation kwadoro (2012)]]
The Agency jikwaa oru ngo na : Agriculture, ọhịa na ịkụ azụ, Digitalization na ICT, Education, Vocational ọzụzụ na ọrụ, Environment na mgbanwe ihu igwe, Food nchekwa, Governance, Health, gụnyere na ọhụrụ ego, Socio-Economic development, na mmiri na mmiri. ịdị ọcha.

== Ọnụọgụ na eziokwu ==
Na 2024 LuxDev jisiri ike na oru ngo na mmemme 89 wee kesaa ngụkọta nke euro 144,364,226. &lt;ref name=&quot;Annual Report 2022&quot; group=&quot;https://cdn.luxdev.lu/cdn/ff/wPjQ916wPTqoqT_iRDq-4gcuc8PlveLAgEE-_3gTVHI/1750148752/public/upload/media/document/2025-06/RAPANN_2025_UK_vFsp_light.pdf&quot;&gt;Annual Report 2024 (page 6)&lt;/ref&gt;

Enyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ asambodo ISO 9001: 2000 na 2005.

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka mmepe

== Edensibia == 

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://luxdev.lu/en/home LuxDev weebụsaịtị]
{{International development agencies}}</text>
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{{Databox}}'''Lux-Development SA''', nke a maara dị ka '''LuxDev''', bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwado mmepe nke gọọmentị [[Luxembourg]] .

Emepụtara ya na 1978 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ iji kwadoo obere ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa na Luxembourg ma bụrụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mmepe na 1992. Ugbu a, LuxDev bụ société anonyme (SA) nke ndị na-ere ahịa ha bụ steeti Luxembourg (98%) na ụlọ akụ steeti nwere steeti Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement (2%). 

Dị ka OECD si kwuo, ngụkọta ODA Luxembourg (USD 530, data mbido) mụbara n'ụzọ zuru oke na 2022 n'ihi mmụba nke onyinye abụọ, nke ka ukwuu maka enyemaka mmadụ. ODA gara n'ihu na-anọchi anya 1% nke GNI. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://oe.cd/il/dev-coop-luxembourg|title=OECD Development Co-operation Profiles|accessdate=4 October 2023}} &lt;/ref&gt;

LuxDev bụ isi n'akụkụ ebe des Martyrs na Luxembourg City, mana o nwere ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara na Pristina ([[Kosovo]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), Praia ([[Cape Verde]]), Ouagadougou ([[Burkina Faso]]), Bamako ([[Mali]]), Kigali ([[Rwanda]]), Cotonou ([[Benin]]), Vientiane (Laos), na San Jose (Costa Rica).

== Ozi ==
LuxDev na-ejikwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụrụngwa niile gọọmentị Luxembourg kenyere maka enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị abụọ. Ọ nwekwara ike mebe mmemme nke ndị na-enye onyinye na mba ọzọ na European Commission kwadoro .

== Mpaghara ọrụ ==
[[Usòrò:CoC_Prizren_-_Construction_billboard_November_2012.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Bọọdụ ịgba chaa chaa na ebe a na-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ na Prizren, [[Kosovo]], nke Luxembourg Cooperation kwadoro (2012)]]
The Agency jikwaa oru ngo na : Agriculture, ọhịa na ịkụ azụ, Digitalization na ICT, Education, Vocational ọzụzụ na ọrụ, Environment na mgbanwe ihu igwe, Food nchekwa, Governance, Health, gụnyere na ọhụrụ ego, Socio-Economic development, na mmiri na mmiri. ịdị ọcha.

== Ọnụọgụ na eziokwu ==
Na 2024 LuxDev jisiri ike na oru ngo na mmemme 89 wee kesaa ngụkọta nke euro 144,364,226.

Enyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ asambodo ISO 9001: 2000 na 2005.

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka mmepe

== Edensibia == 

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://luxdev.lu/en/home LuxDev weebụsaịtị]
{{International development agencies}}
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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{{Databox}}'''Lux-Development SA''', nke a maara dị ka '''LuxDev''', bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwado mmepe nke gọọmentị [[Luxembourg]] .

Emepụtara ya na 1978 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ iji kwadoo obere ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa na Luxembourg ma bụrụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mmepe na 1992. Ugbu a, LuxDev bụ société anonyme (SA) nke ndị na-ere ahịa ha bụ steeti Luxembourg (98%) na ụlọ akụ steeti nwere steeti Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement (2%). 

Dị ka OECD si kwuo, ngụkọta ODA Luxembourg (USD 530, data mbido) mụbara n'ụzọ zuru oke na 2022 n'ihi mmụba nke onyinye abụọ, nke ka ukwuu maka enyemaka mmadụ. ODA gara n'ihu na-anọchi anya 1% nke GNI. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://oe.cd/il/dev-coop-luxembourg|title=OECD Development Co-operation Profiles|accessdate=4 October 2023}} &lt;/ref&gt;

LuxDev bụ isi n'akụkụ ebe des Martyrs na Luxembourg City, mana o nwere ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara na Pristina ([[Kosovo]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), Praia ([[Cape Verde]]), Ouagadougou ([[Burkina Faso]]), Bamako ([[Mali]]), Kigali ([[Rwanda]]), Cotonou ([[Benin]]), Vientiane (Laos), na San Jose (Costa Rica).

== Ozi ==
LuxDev na-ejikwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụrụngwa niile gọọmentị Luxembourg kenyere maka enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị abụọ. Ọ nwekwara ike mebe mmemme nke ndị na-enye onyinye na mba ọzọ na European Commission kwadoro .

== Mpaghara ọrụ ==
[[Usòrò:CoC_Prizren_-_Construction_billboard_November_2012.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Bọọdụ ịgba chaa chaa na ebe a na-ewu ụlọ akwụkwọ na Prizren, [[Kosovo]], nke Luxembourg Cooperation kwadoro (2012)]]
The Agency jikwaa oru ngo na : Agriculture, ọhịa na ịkụ azụ, Digitalization na ICT, Education, Vocational ọzụzụ na ọrụ, Environment na mgbanwe ihu igwe, Governance, Health, gụnyere na ọhụrụ ego, Socio-Economic development, na mmiri na mmiri. ịdị ọcha.

== Ọnụọgụ na eziokwu ==
Na 2024 LuxDev jisiri ike na oru ngo na mmemme 89 wee kesaa ngụkọta nke euro 144,364,226.

Enyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ asambodo ISO 9001: 2000 na 2005.

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka mmepe

== Edensibia == 

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://luxdev.lu/en/home LuxDev weebụsaịtị]
{{International development agencies}}
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>nktjnqnct7q0twruadtf5utr80hv87f</sha1>
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{{Databox}}'''Lux-Development SA''', nke a maara dị ka '''LuxDev''', bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwado mmepe nke gọọmentị [[Luxembourg]] .

Emepụtara ya na 1978 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ iji kwadoo obere ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa na Luxembourg ma bụrụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ mmepe na 1992. Ugbu a, LuxDev bụ société anonyme (SA) nke ndị na-ere ahịa ha bụ steeti Luxembourg (98%) na ụlọ akụ steeti nwere steeti Société Nationale de Crédit et d'Investissement (2%). 

Dị ka OECD si kwuo, ngụkọta ODA Luxembourg (USD 530, data mbido) mụbara n'ụzọ zuru oke na 2022 n'ihi mmụba nke onyinye abụọ, nke ka ukwuu maka enyemaka mmadụ. ODA gara n'ihu na-anọchi anya 1% nke GNI. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://oe.cd/il/dev-coop-luxembourg|title=OECD Development Co-operation Profiles|accessdate=4 October 2023}} &lt;/ref&gt;

LuxDev bụ isi n'akụkụ ebe des Martyrs na Luxembourg City, mana o nwere ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara na Pristina ([[Kosovo]]), Dakar ([[Senegal]]), Praia ([[Cape Verde]]), Ouagadougou ([[Burkina Faso]]), Bamako ([[Mali]]), Kigali ([[Rwanda]]), Cotonou ([[Benin]]), Vientiane (Laos), na San Jose (Costa Rica).

== Ozi ==
LuxDev na-ejikwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụrụngwa niile gọọmentị Luxembourg kenyere maka enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị abụọ. Ọ nwekwara ike mebe mmemme nke ndị na-enye onyinye na mba ọzọ na European Commission kwadoro.

== Mpaghara ọrụ ==
The Agency jikwaa oru ngo na : Agriculture, ọhịa na ịkụ azụ, Digitalization na ICT, Education, Vocational ọzụzụ na ọrụ, Environment na mgbanwe ihu igwe, Governance, Health, gụnyere na ọhụrụ ego, Socio-Economic development, na mmiri na mmiri. ịdị ọcha.

== Ọnụọgụ na eziokwu ==
Na 2024 LuxDev jisiri ike na oru ngo na mmemme 89 wee kesaa ngụkọta nke euro 144,364,226.

Enyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ asambodo ISO 9001: 2000 na 2005.

== Hụkwa ==

* Ndepụta ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka mmepe

== Edensibia == 

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://luxdev.lu/en/home LuxDev weebụsaịtị]
{{International development agencies}}
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>rwxvz30s1u16k2tdo8hjcc008cpb2cr</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Clea Badaro</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie</username>
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      <comment>Added reference #1lib1ref #1lib1refNG #1lib1refIM</comment>
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      <text bytes="8264" sha1="2zfq0bfhoknti6v7b6bvoe9sqz94pdo" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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        <id>16687</id>
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      <comment>Added reference #1lib1ref #1lib1refNG #1lib1refIM</comment>
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      <text bytes="8291" sha1="m8x0psy62q2hnrnf6uo7e3al68ik6x9" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>246673</id>
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        <id>16687</id>
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      <comment>Added reference #1lib1ref #1lib1refNG #1lib1refIM</comment>
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      <text bytes="8019" sha1="rdgxflkp2a8tvk6o40rpg9pfjmjfi9j" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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        <username>Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie</username>
        <id>16687</id>
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      <text bytes="8196" sha1="lhxs4p9tzn4wwhsrv1ym611zibjrspy" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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        <id>16687</id>
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      <comment>Added reference #1lib1ref #1lib1refNG #1lib1refIM</comment>
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      <text bytes="8060" sha1="fsphsglju2oh5rtan2ka6pliu2klbjy" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <id>246676</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie</username>
        <id>16687</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added reference #1lib1ref #1lib1refNG #1lib1refIM</comment>
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      <text bytes="8072" sha1="0ilsrn0j0c6oioej48w8ufolzmusply" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>246677</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-23T15:40:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie</username>
        <id>16687</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added reference #1lib1ref #1lib1refNG #1lib1refIM</comment>
      <origin>246677</origin>
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      <text bytes="8212" sha1="e73e2pjrdubfy5f6edgv92bsnqucykb" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <text bytes="8439" sha1="skl4d010jz3kn4zmtpe4chvt6rrn3s3" xml:space="preserve">'''Clea Badaro''' (1913-1968) bụ onye Ijipt na-ese ihe na Ònye gwara na-ese onyinyo nke biri ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ndụ ya na Alexandria, Ijipt.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot; /&gt;
== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Badaro na Cairo na 1913, n'àgwàetiti Zamalek . Mgbe nne ya bụ onye Gris nwụsịrị, nna ya, onye bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ọchụnta na ego, kpọọrọ ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi ụmụ izrel ya nwanyị abụọ, Jeanne na Clea, soro nne nne ha biri na Montreux, Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Engalytcheff-Badaro|first=Jeanne|title=Clea Badaro: sa vie, son oeuvre|year=1978|publisher=Les Editions de l'Atelier|location=Alexandria|pages=1–2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Montreux ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii wee debanye aha na Académie des Beaux Arts na Lausanne. N'ebe ahụ, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, otu n'ime ụkpụrụ ezubere mmadụ mata dị ha ọ resịrị Josephine Baker onye na-eme njem na Switzerland n'oge ahụ. N'afọ ikpeazụ ya, e nyere ya Grand Prix maka ihe ngosi ya akpọrọ L'Égypte, nke Ministri nkwukọrịta ''Ijipt'' mechara nweta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe dị ka 1934.   &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bonhams : Clea Bardaro (Egypt, 1913-1968) Still Life|url=https://www.bonhams.com/auction/23907/lot/38/clea-bardaro-egypt-1913-1968-still-life/|work=www.bonhams.com|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Badaro laghachiri Ijipt mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ wee biri na Alexandria. N'oge agha, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ndị agha na-alọta site n'agha n'ọzara ugwu na-agakarị. N'oge ahụ, o sere ihe nkiri nke ndị édémédé mkpu na ndị ọzọ metụtara ebe ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ mmanya, na ndị agha na cabarets, ụfọdụ n'ime ha taa nwere ike ịchọta na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a n'Ijipt. O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Atelier nke Alexandria . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mansel2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Philip Mansel|title=Levant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMc4AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT310|date=11 November 2010|publisher=John Murray|isbn=978-1-84854-462-8|pages=310–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bu.edu/arion/files/2010/03/Melting-Mirage-Redwine.pdf &quot;The Melting Mirage of Lawrence Durrell's White City&quot;]. B. Redwine, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; A kọwaara ya onye Britain na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ Lawrence Durrell, onye e zigara na Alexandria n'oge agha ahụ dị ka onye mgbasa ozi maka British Foreign Office.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haag2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Haag|title=Alexandria: City of Memory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OhK6S_qIZoC&amp;pg=PA267|year=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-10415-8|pages=267–}}&lt;/ref&gt; Badaro sere Durrell,  ya onwe ya, ga-emesị gosipụta ya dị ka onye &quot;Clea&quot; na tetralogy ya: The Alexandrian Quartet.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Halim2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hala Halim|title=Alexandrian Cosmopolitanism: An Archive|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OQC0oEKq4AAC&amp;pg=PA378|date=19 September 2013|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5176-6|pages=378–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Firestone2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Michael Benanav|title=Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74220-332-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/discoveregyptful00anth/page/380 380]–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E nyere Badaro ọrụ imepụta ihe ngosi maka ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ọrụ ebere, mana ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghịzi achọta. Mgbe agha ahụ biri, Badaro malitere usoro ihe osise. Mgbe ahụ, na 1948, ọ nọrọ n'ihe ọmụma na akọwa ọdịnihu dị ka ónyé ọkọchị na na Dolomites, ebe, n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ya, o dere ọtụtụ ihe osise ala. Badaro sere ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Bedouin na fellaheen nke Ijipt, na-egosi mmegharị ahụ ha mara mma, omume mpako, na uwe na-agagharị agagharị. Ọ na-ese foto nne na nwa na ndị gba ọtọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilbert1996&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Robert Ilbert|title=Alexandrie 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NmEqAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=IFAO|isbn=978-2-7247-0176-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1950, Clea Badaro lụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'Alexandria bụ Giovanni di Pietro. O sonyere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi Biennale nke Venice, Biennale of Alexandria, na ihe ngosi na São Paulo, Moscow, Leningrad, Madrid, na Barcelona.&lt;ref name=&quot;Karnouk2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Liliane Karnouk|title=1910 - 2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=86pPAAAAMAAJ|year=2005|publisher=American University in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-859-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Badaro na-egosikwa nwamba mgbe ụfọdụ; otu ihe méré ótù nkiri osise dị otú ahụ, ''La Chatte'', nwetara ihe nrite na Salon du Caire na 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; mgbe mgbe n'ihe osise ya. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

N'afọ 1959, Badaro mere ihe ngosi na Galerie Lutétia na Cairo ma Jean Moscatelli toro ya maka akwụkwọ praịmarị ihe ngosi ya nke ahụ mmadụ na Le Journal d'Égypte .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

In 1963, Badaro travelled to Ravenna, Italy, where she began to paint groups of Egyptian women against a gold background which she worked with a knife to create a mosaic impression. Later, these paintings were dubbed “icons” by the Parisian press.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; The art historian Hilde Zaloscer, who taught at the University of Alexandria, compared Clea Badaro’s fellaheen with characters in Pietro Della Francesca’s frescoes in Arezzo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Clea Badaro – www.swanachronicles.co|url=https://swanachronicles.com/en/artists/clea-badaro/|date=2024-01-16|accessdate=2025-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1961, di Badaro nwụrụ ma ya onwe ya nwere nsogbu ahụike. Nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro, malitere izi ndị édémédé iwepụtakwu oge na Alexandria, lekọta nwanne ya nwanyị, nyere aka ịhazi ọrụ Atelier ma dee isiokwu mgbe niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya.

N'afọ 1969, n'afọ sochiri ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị, Jeanne Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya na Atelier nke Alexandria: egosiri ọrụ iri anọ gụnyere ihe osise mmanụ na gouache, pastel, ihe osise na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, icheku ọkụ na ihe osise na chalk na-acha ọbara ọbara.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; Ndị a gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị: ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nnyocha nke mgbanwe na-ebe ákwá, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị na-agagharị na eriri na ìhè na-egbuke egbuke.   N'afọ 1974, Engalytcheff-Badaro haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe osise mmanụ nwanne ya nwanyị, n'oge a na Paris na Galerie Weil. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&quot; href=&quot;./Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018&quot; rel=&quot;mw:PageProp/Category&quot;/&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ụlọ ọrụ Egypt Progres Salon de l'Atelier, Alexandria, 1967.
* ''Onye Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Osise'' Paris, 1974
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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'''Lindokuhle Sobekwa''' (amụrụ 1995) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri South Africa. &lt;ref name=&quot;vice&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Lindokuhle Sobekwa and Mikhael|author=Subotzky|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Photos of Poverty and Addiction in South Africa|url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/4wbqwj/deep-hanging-0000693-v22n7|date=20 July 2015|publisher=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ onye nominee nke foto Magnum ma dabere na Johannesburg.

== Ndụ na ọrụ ==
A mụrụ Sobekwa na Katlehong, obodo, 35&amp;nbsp;kilomita site na Johannesburg, [[South Africa]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;magnum&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Lindokuhle Sobekwa|url=https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/lindokuhle-sobekwa/|work=Magnum Photos}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/lindokuhle-sobekwa/ &quot;Lindokuhle Sobekwa&quot;]. ''Magnum Photos''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;19 January&lt;/span&gt; 2019&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ mụtara foto na 2012 site na itinye aka na mbụ Of Soul and Joy Project, mmemme mmụta maka ndị na-eto eto na-agba ọsọ na obodo Thokoza ; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Thokoza, The Home Of SA's Future Photographers|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.za/2018/07/06/thokoza-the-home-of-sas-future-photographers_a_23475971/|date=6 July 2018|work=[[HuffPost]] South Africa|archivedate=2018-07-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706161153/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.za/2018/07/06/thokoza-the-home-of-sas-future-photographers_a_23475971/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Supporting New Talents and Perspectives in Photography • Magnum Photos|url=https://www.magnumphotos.com/arts-culture/society-arts-culture/supporting-new-talents-and-perspectives-in-photography/|date=28 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bieke Depoorter na Cyprien Clément-Delmas nyere nkuzi a. &lt;ref name=&quot;standaard&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Dat heet dan geluk|url=http://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20150806_01807889|work=[[De Standaard]]|date=8 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Edemede foto ya, ''Nyaope,'' gbasara ndị na-eji ọgwụ Nyaope eme ihe n'obodo o bi na karịa, &lt;ref name=&quot;vice&quot;/&gt; bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ South Africa ''Mail &amp;amp;amp; Guardian'' na 2014 &lt;ref name=&quot;magnum&quot; /&gt; na ''Vice'' &lt;ref name=&quot;vice&quot; /&gt; na ''De Standaard'' bipụtara. n'afọ 2015. &lt;ref name=&quot;standaard&quot; /&gt; Ọ sonyeere Magnum Foto dị ka onye nominee na 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Magnum Photos' international new wave of Nominees|url=http://www.bjp-online.com/2018/06/magnum-nominees/|work=[[British Journal of Photography]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Magnum Photos Names 5 New Nominees|url=https://pdnpulse.pdnonline.com/2018/06/magnum-photos-names-5-new-nominees.html|work=[[Photo District News]]|date=27 June 2018|archivedate=2018-10-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013172153/https://pdnpulse.pdnonline.com/2018/06/magnum-photos-names-5-new-nominees.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mbipụta ==

* ''Nwere onwe ya pụọ n'obi ụtọ m.'' Mụ na Sibusiso Bheka na Tshepiso Mazibuko. Bieke Depoorter na Tjorven Bruynel deziri ya. Site na edemede nke Sean O'Toole.

== Ihe nrite ==

* 2017: Ahọpụtara maka foto Magnum Foundation na mmemme ikpe ziri ezi iji zụlite ''M na-eburu m foto ya.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;magnum&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Announcing the 2018 Photography and Social Justice Fellows|url=https://www.magnumfoundation.org/news/2018/5/29/announcing-the-2018-photography-and-social-justice-fellows|work=[[Magnum Foundation]]|date=30 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2018: Onyinye Magnum Foundation Fund, ka ọ gaa n'ihu usoro ya ''Nyaope.'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Announcing the 2018 Magnum Foundation Fund Grantees|url=https://www.magnumfoundation.org/news/2018/5/29/announcing-the-2018-magnum-foundation-fund-grantees|work=Magnum Foundation|date=30 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|first=David|author=Gonzalez|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Chronicling the Lives of Women Along the Colombian-Venezuelan Border|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/30/lens/chronicling-womens-lives-along-the-colombian-venezuelan-border.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=30 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=8 Photographers Win Magnum Foundation Fund Grant|url=https://pdnpulse.pdnonline.com/2018/05/8-photographers-win-magnum-foundation-fund-grant.html|date=31 May 2018|work=[[Photo District News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe ngosi otu ==

* Ọnweghị ihe ngosi nka mmapụta mmadụ, Cape Town, South Africa, Maachị–Eprel 2014. Sobekwa's Series ''Nyaope gụnyere.'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Blog|url=http://www.nomansart.com/blog-meet-lindokuhle-sobhekwa-sa/|work=[[No Man's Art Gallery]]|archivedate=2019-04-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420210058/http://www.nomansart.com/blog-meet-lindokuhle-sobhekwa-sa/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Exhibitions|url=http://www.nomansart.com/pop-up-galleries-2/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Nnwere onwe site na obi ụtọ m,'' fotofestival mba ụwa nke Ghent, Ghent, Belgium, 2015; Perignem, Beernem, Belgium, Eprel 2016; Johannesburg Art Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa, Mee–August 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=F-Stop Magazine|url=https://www.fstopmagazine.com/blog/2015/05/free-from-my-happiness-the-international-photo-festival-ghent-2015/|date=30 May 2015|work=F-Stop Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Free from my Happiness|url=https://www.domusweb.it/en/news/2015/06/15/free_from_my_happiness.html|work=[[Domus (magazine)|Domus]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=Free From My Happiness Of Soul and Joy|url=http://www.rubismecenat.fr/en/projects/free-from-my-happiness-of-soul-and-joy/|work=Rubis Mécénat|archivedate=2020-02-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215141805/http://www.rubismecenat.fr/en/projects/free-from-my-happiness-of-soul-and-joy/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first=Christopher|author=Torchia|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=A top African art gallery struggles to keep its footing|url=https://apnews.com/553056bd54e24b38ba4cf6b0659a4e6e|date=3 June 2017|work=[[Associated Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sobekwa's Series ''Nyaope'' gụnyere yana ọrụ Sibusiso Bheka na Tshepiso Mazibuko. Tjorven Bruynel na Bieke Depoorter chepụtara.
* Ọnweghị ihe ngosi nka mmapụta mmadụ, Tehran, Iran, Mee–June 2016. Lih-Lan Wong, Zohreh Deldadeh na Emmelie Koster chepụtara ya. Sobekwa's Series ''Nyaope gụnyere.'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Curator's Note – Lih-Lan Wong, curator of NMAG's Tehran pop-up|url=http://www.nomansart.com/curators-note-lih-lan-wong-curator-of-nmags-tehran-pop-up/|work=[[No Man's Art Gallery]]|archivedate=2019-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315112124/http://www.nomansart.com/curators-note-lih-lan-wong-curator-of-nmags-tehran-pop-up/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=Exhibitions|url=http://www.nomansart.com/pop-up-galleries-2/|work=[[No Man's Art Gallery]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-20|title=No Man's Art Gallery to open in Iran to foster cultural cross-fertilization|url=https://en.mehrnews.com/news/115291/No-Man-s-Art-Gallery-to-open-in-Iran-to-foster-cultural-cross-fertilization|date=18 March 2016|work=[[Mehr News Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Mmepụta Ọhụrụ,'' Ngosi Nkà Turbine, Ụlọ Nzukọ Turbine, Johannesburg, South Africa, Julaị 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|accessdate=2019-01-19|title=7 Reasons You Should Visit the Turbine Art Fair|url=http://www.art.co.za/news/7-reasons-to-visit-turbine-art-fair-2016.php|work=www.art.co.za|archivedate=2018-03-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312140958/http://www.art.co.za/news/7-reasons-to-visit-turbine-art-fair-2016.php}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
Soul and Joy Project, mmemme mmụta maka ndị na-eto eto na-agba ọsọ na obodo Thokoza{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Lindokuhle Sobekwa on Instagram
* [https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/lindokuhle-sobekwa/ Sobekwa's page at Magnum Photos]
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Lavar Munroe</title>
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Lavar Munroe (b. Nassau, Bahamas, 1982) bụ Bahamian-American omenkà, [1] onye na-arụ ọrụ bụ isi na ụzọ, [2] kaadiboodu sculptural nrụnye, [3] na agwakọta media.  [4] A na-ekewa ike ọrụ dị ka: ngwakọ ngwakọ nke na-adaba n'ahịrị n'etiti ọkpụkpụ na ike.  [5] Munroe bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na United States.

== Ndụ mbido ==
A mụrụ Lavar Munroe na November 19, 1982, na Nassau, Bahamas ebe o biri na obodo Grants Town &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Humphrey|first=Kim-ling|title=Lavar Munroe {{!}} The Artist Trickster|url=https://theculturetrip.com/caribbean/the-bahamas/articles/lavar-munroe-the-artist-trickster/|work=The Culture Trip|date=10 February 2015|accessdate=1 February 2021|archivedate=7 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707134736/https://theculturetrip.com/caribbean/the-bahamas/articles/lavar-munroe-the-artist-trickster/}}&lt;/ref&gt; ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 21. Na 2004, Munroe kwagara United States maka agụmakwụkwọ tertiary, ebe ọ nọrọ ruo ugbu a.

== ndabere na ọrụ ==
N'afọ 2007, Munroeware Bachelor of Fine Arts site na Savannah College of Art and Design.  Ozi nzere Master of Fine Arts na Mahadum Washington na St. Louis na 2013.

Na 2014, nyere ya nsogbu postdoctoral na Mahadum North Carolina na Chapel Hill .  [1] Munroe na Prospect.4: Lotus in Spite of the Swamp, New Orleans triennial [2] nke Trevor Schoonmaker , na 12th Dakar Biennale, [3] nke Simon Njami akwụkwọ, na Senegal.  N'afọ 2015, e ọrụ Munroe na foto ụwa niile, nke Okwui Enwezor chepụtara dị ka nke 56th Venice Biennale.  [4] Ihe ngosi otu ihe ngosi ama egwu ndị nọ na Nasher Museum of Art na Durham;  Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Perez, Miami;  Ndị eze ihe ngosi nka nke mba nke Bahamas, Nassau;  MAXXI Museum of Art, Rome;  Ndị eze ihe ngosi nka nke Africa Diaspora, San Francisco;  Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art, Virginia Beach;  na ndị ọrụ ọrụ, [5] New York.

Munroe e nyere ebe obibi na Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture, MacDowell Colony, Headlands Center for Arts, Joan Mitchell Center, Thread: Artist Residency and Cultural Center (nwere nke Josef na Anni Albers Foundation) na ọ bụ ndị na-ese ihe ngosi.  .  N'ebe obibi na Norton Museum of Art .  [1] Ọ bụ onye nna nke Joan Mitchell Foundation Painters and Sculptors Grant.  Munroe nọchitere anya Bahamas na 2010 Liverpool Biennial .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.biennial.com/events/three-moments--the-caribbean|title={{pipe}} Liverpool Biennial of Contemporary Art|work=www.biennial.com|accessdate=2024-05-29|archivedate=2022-03-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326080814/https://www.biennial.com/events/three-moments--the-caribbean}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'Eprel 2016, awụ iri nke Munroe Okpara ala rụpụtara na National Art Gallery nke Bahamas [1] dị ka nke usoro n'azụ azụ ruo ụbọchị nke ọrụ Munroe, nke gbara awụ 10 nke onye na-ese ihe (2008)  .   -2018) wee tinye ya.   nsogbu nke nta ka 50 mbụ akpụkpọ, ọkpụkpụ na ike.

.Munroe na ọrụ nka interdisciplinary, ma ọbụ onwe ya dị ka &quot;onye mkpuchi&quot;.  [1] Ọ na-ekwu na ọ na-enweta site na akara nke ihe atụ, ihe nkiri, na ihe nke ihe ndị mere ifo oge ochie. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.artfilemagazine.com/article/transformation.php|title=Myth and Transformation: Lavar Munroe in Conversation with AM DeBrincat|date=22 September 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 2023, e nyere Munroe onyinye John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship. Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye isi Robert De Niro edebanyela Lavar Munroe's Fellowship in Fine Arts iji sọpụrụ nna ya, onye na-ese ihe Robert De Niro Sr., onye 1968 Guggenheim Fellow. &lt;ref name=&quot;ANNOUNCING THE 2023 GUGGENHEIM FELLOWS&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=ANNOUNCING THE 2023 GUGGENHEIM FELLOWS|url=https://www.gf.org/news/foundation-news/announcing-the-2023-guggenheim-fellows/|work=John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation|accessdate=8 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Munroe bi ma na-arụ ọrụ n'etiti Baltimore, MD na Nassau, Bahamas.

== Ọrụ ==
Ebe ndị dike dina na 2013, Munroe ụzọ usoro akwa kaadiboodu 12 nke ndụ ndụ aha.  &quot;Ebe Heroes Dina&quot; [1] na-eme ihe ihe mmetụta n'etiti onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ahụ ebe obibi na ogbe ndịda Washington, DC Munroe ihe ihe akwa nke Hero na-arụ dị ka onye na-azụ azụ.  ahia n'ahịa nka, ebe ọ mara na ihe ndị ahụ ga-abụ ngwá agha.  nkatọ na nsogbu emo megide nsogbu.&quot;

Venice Biennale Na 2015, akpara Munroe ka ọ pịa na 56th Venice Biennale : All The Worlds Futures, curated by the late site Okwui Enwezor .  [1] [2] [3] Munroe eserese nnukwu atɔ dị na ihe ngosi ahụ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=deFINE ART|title=Lavar Munroe 'JOURNEY ELSEWHERE: MUSINGS FROM A BOUNDLESS ZOO'|url=https://www.scadmoa.org/exhibitions/2016/journey-elsewhere-musings-from-a-boundless-zoo|work=SCAD Museum of Art|accessdate=1 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Huete|first=Betsy|title=Lavar Munroe: Zoo at the Edge of the World|url=https://glasstire.com/2015/09/04/lavar-munroe-zoo-at-the-edge-of-the-world/|work=Glasstire|publisher=Glasstire (Texas Visual Art)|accessdate=1 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụmụ anụmanụ na 2014, Munroe nyere onyinye Postdoctoral Fellowship na Mahadum North Carolina na Chapel Hill.  [1] [2] Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, njirimara ya bụ anụ anụ ụmụ

'''Ememe ncheta'''

Munroe's 'Memorials' ewerela ụdị dị iche iche, gụnyere mana ọnweghị oke na akwa akwa akwa seramiiki nke Munroe kere nke dobere ntụ nna ya, parachute nna ya rụrụ arụ nke ọ na-akwa ma dụchie tupu ya abanye n'ụlọ ọgwụ, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Walters|first=Sydney|title=&quot;The Eye Sees Not Itself&quot; at Nicodim|url=https://artandcakela.com/2018/06/04/the-eye-sees-not-itself-at-nicodim/|work=Art and Cake Magazine|date=4 June 2018|accessdate=1 February 2021|archivedate=22 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322130714/https://artandcakela.com/2018/06/04/the-eye-sees-not-itself-at-nicodim/}}&lt;/ref&gt; wuru oke ndụ. ụdị ọkpụkpụ, na ihe osise mgbidi gbara okirikiri bụ́ ndị nọchiri anya nrọ ndị buru amụma ọnwụ nna ya.

'''Nkịta egbe'''

Usoro nke Munroe na-aga n'ihu nke a na-akpọ 'Egbe Nkịta', na-enwekarị ihe osise kaadiboodu nke nkịta ọjọọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=ZIYING|first=DUAN|title=LAVAR MUNROE REVIEWED BY SQUARE CYLINDER|url=https://www.jenkinsjohnsongallery.com/press/69-lavar-munroe-reviewed-by-square-cylinder/|work=Jenkins Johnson Gallery|publisher=Square Cylinder|accessdate=1 February 2021|archivedate=26 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326083815/https://www.jenkinsjohnsongallery.com/press/69-lavar-munroe-reviewed-by-square-cylinder/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;

'''Ọkpụkpụ uhie'''

Mmalite mmalite nke Munroe's Redbones Series dabere na akwụkwọ foto na arịa ndị anakọtara na Senegal: Goree Island, Tambacounda, Saint Louis na Obodo Sinthian. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Minamore|first=Bridget|title=Get Up, Stand Up Now: Q&amp;A with artist Lavar Munroe|url=https://artsandculture.google.com/exhibit/get-up-stand-up-now-q-a-with-artist-lavar-munroe-somerset-house/6QIyBx0dUJYtJg?hl=en|work=Google Arts and Culture|accessdate=1 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.lavar-munroe.com Lavar Munroe Studio] 
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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    <title>Marwa Zein</title>
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Marwa Zein ( ) bụ onye isi ihe nkiri Sudanese, onye edemede na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ onye dere akwụkwọ akụkọ 2019, Khartoum Offside, na onye na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị site na ọrụ ya. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ORE Production, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe nkiri na Khartoum na otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri asaa na-eto eto ahọpụtara site na gburugburu ụwa ịga na Cannes Film Festival 2019 site na International Emerging Film Talent Association (IEFTA).

== Ọrụ ==
Maka ọrụ ngụsị akwụkwọ ya, Zein dere, duzie ma mepụta ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi, A Game, na 2009, sụgharịrị n'asụsụ ise ma gosipụta ya dị ka nhọrọ gọọmentị n'ihe karịrị ememme mba 30 n'ụwa niile. Na 2016 Dubai International Film Festival (DIFF), ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi, One Week, Two Days!''Otu izu, Ụbọchị Abụọ!'', nke Yasmin Raies na Amro Saleh, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://cinando.com/en/Film/one_week_two_days_341027/Detail|title=One Week, Two Days|publisher=Cinando|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; gosipụtara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/32/245240/Arts--Culture/Film/-Egyptian-film-One-Week-Two-Days-to-compete-in-th-.aspx|title=Egyptian film One Week Two Days to compete in 13th Dubai film festival|date=October 5, 2016|publisher=Ahram Online|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; E gosipụtakwara ya na mmemme ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ dị iche iche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://womenandhollywood.com/hot-docs-2019-women-directors-meet-marwa-zein-khartoum-offside/|title=Hot Docs 2019 Women Directors: Meet Marwa Zein - &quot;Khartoum Offside&quot;|author=Rico|first=Gabriela|date=April 23, 2019|publisher=Women and Hollywood|accessdate=November 20, 2020|archivedate=August 19, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819122943/https://womenandhollywood.com/hot-docs-2019-women-directors-meet-marwa-zein-khartoum-offside/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2019, ọ rụchara ọrụ afọ anọ, nke o dere ma duzie, ihe ngosi egwuregwu a na akpọ Khartoum Offside . &lt;ref name=&quot;Ouf&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/2019/02_programm_2019/02_filmdatenblatt_2019_201914803.html#tab=filmStills|title=FILM FILE {{!}} Oufsaiyed Elkhortoum|publisher=Berlinale|accessdate=November 10, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Q&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20200218-the-worlds-most-fearless-filmmakers|title=The films that defy censorship|author=Aftab|first=Kaleem|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=February 20, 2020|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; E gosipụtara ya n'ụwa niile na 2019 Berlinale Forum na [[Jémanị|Germany]] ma depụta ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe nkiri Sudan atọ a ma ama nke Media Support gosipụtara na 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediasupport.org/the-future-of-football-in-sudan-is-also-female/|title=The future of football in Sudan is (also) female|date=October 11, 2019|publisher=Media Support|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ber&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://en.qantara.de/content/berlinale-2019-marwa-zeins-khartoum-offside-football-film-and-freedom-in-sudan|title=Berlinale 2019: Marwa Zein's &quot;Khartoum Offside&quot; {{!}} Football, film and freedom in Sudan|publisher=Qantara|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; E kwuru otu ozi dị mkpa nke ihe nkiri ahụ n'ahịrị mmeghe dị ka nke a:
 
N'imepụta ihe nkiri a, ọ megidere àgwà ọjọọ nke gọọmentị Sudan banyere itinye aka ụmụ nwanyị na ime ihe nkiri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/NEW-YORK-AFRICAN-AMERICAN-FILM-FESTIVAL-Goes-Virtual-Dec-2-20201119|title=NEW YORK AFRICAN AMERICAN FILM FESTIVAL Goes Virtual Dec. 2|publisher=Broadway World|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ezie na ọ lụghị mwakpo anụ ahụ kpọmkwem n'oge ọ na eme ihe nkiri a, ọ natara ụfọdụ iyi egwu nke igwefoto ya ma ọ bụ ihe nwere ike ibibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Q&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://debalie.nl/cinema/idfa-khartoum-offside-by-movies-that-matter/|title=IDFA: Khartoum Offside by Movies that Matter|publisher=DeBalie|accessdate=November 10, 2020|archivedate=November 28, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128111906/https://debalie.nl/cinema/idfa-khartoum-offside-by-movies-that-matter/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://44.mostra.org/en/filmes/impedimento-em-cartum|title=International Perspective: Khartoum Offside|publisher=44.Monster|accessdate=November 10, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ikpeazụ, Otú ọ dị, ọ natara ikike dị mkpa maka ịgba ihe nkiri a. Mgbe mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mgbanwe Sudan nke 2018/19 wetara, e gosipụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na mmeghe nke Sudan Independent Film Festival na Khartoum na Jenụwarị 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sudan Independent Cinema Festival Screens 81 Films{{!}} Sudanow Magazine|url=https://sudanow-magazine.net/page.php?Id=903|accessdate=2020-12-09|work=sudanow-magazine.net|archivedate=2021-11-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126094241/https://sudanow-magazine.net/page.php?Id=903}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nkiri ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Afọ
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Ihe nkiri
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Ọrụ
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Ihe edeturu
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; |Ihe mgbochi.
|-
|2019
|''Khartoum n'èzí''
|Onye nduzi, onye mmepụta, onye edemede
|Ihe nkiri egwuregwu
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9221304/|title=Khartoum Offside (2019)]|publisher=[[IMDb]]|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
|''Otu izu, Ụbọchị Abụọ!''
|Onye nduzi, onye edemede
|Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi, Drama
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9061688/?ref_=m_nm_knf_i3|title=One week, Two days! (2016)|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2015
|''Gịnị ka onye hụrụ n'anya nwere ike ịbụ?''
|Onye nduzi, Onye Mmepụta
|Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9159042/?ref_=m_nm_knf_dr_i3|publisher=IMDb|title=What a lover can be? (2015)|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2013
|''Omenala Maka Mmadụ Nile''
|Onye nduzi
|Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9159048/?ref_=m_nm_knf_dr_i4|title=Culture for all (2013)|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2009
|''Egwuregwu''
|Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye na-emepụta
|Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi, Drama
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9154658/?ref_=m_nm_knf_i2|title=A Game (2009)|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2008
|''Randa Shaath''
|Onye nduzi, onye edemede, onye mmepụta
|Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.imdb.com/title/tt9159028/?ref_=m_nm_knf_i4|title=Randa Shaath (2008)|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=November 19, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Ndị a nabatara ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Afọ
!Ihe omume
!Ihe nrite
!Onye e nyere ya
!Nsonaazụ
!Ihe mgbochi.
|-
|2020
|ASA
|''Ihe nrite ihe nkiri ASA nke afọ 2020''
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Ya onwe ya, maka Khartoum OffsideKhartoum n'èzí| 2nd {{Runner-up}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://africanstudies.org/awards-prizes-asa/announcing-the-2020-prize-winners-and-nominees/?fbclid=IwAR1woCslJoSLX_7cWXHEKKqLkslKaVnEV8tww-dtd41FWFRM0aTuxqbYHE0|title=African Studies Association Announces 2020 Finalists and Awards for Africanists|publisher=African Studies Awards|date=November 9, 2020|accessdate=November 20, 2020|archivedate=November 27, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127164632/https://africanstudies.org/awards-prizes-asa/announcing-the-2020-prize-winners-and-nominees/?fbclid=IwAR1woCslJoSLX_7cWXHEKKqLkslKaVnEV8tww-dtd41FWFRM0aTuxqbYHE0}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2019
|AMAA
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |''Ihe nkiri kacha mma''| {{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/NEW-YORK-AFRICAN-AMERICAN-FILM-FESTIVAL-Goes-Virtual-Dec-2-20201119|title=NEW YORK AFRICAN AMERICAN FILM FESTIVAL Goes Virtual Dec. 2|publisher=Broadway World|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|CFF| {{Won}}
|-
|Ihe omume Berlin| {{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/middle-east-film-cinema-saudi-arabia-sudan-north-africa|title=Middle East film: The hottest features right now are from Saudi Arabia and Sudan|author=Fahim|first=Joseph|date=October 4, 2019|publisher=Middle East Eye|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Berlin&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/berlinale-2019-israel-takes-prize-sudan-scores-double|title=Berlinale 2019: Israel takes the prize, but Sudan scores a double|author=Fahim|first=Joseph|date=February 20, 2019|publisher=Middle East Eye|accessdate=November 20, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

* Ihe nkiri nke Sudan

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [[IMDb]].com/name/nm7723936/&quot; id=&quot;mwAZQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:ExtLink nofollow&quot;&gt;Marwa Zein na IMDb
* [https://iamafilm.com/Marwazein Akụkọ ndụ Marwa Zein] na I am a Film
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Leila Aboulela</title>
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      <text bytes="30691" sha1="5nzarc5e5lyqvabfxuliamsyz7wcyxs" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Leila Aboulela (2010).jpg|thumb|Leila Aboulela]]
 

'''Leila Fuad Aboulela''' FRSL (Arabic; amụrụ n'afọ 1964) bụ onye edemede akụkọ ifo, onye edemede, na onye na-ede egwuregwu nke sitere na Sudan nke bi na Aberdeen, Scotland . &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela - Official website|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/|accessdate=2022-04-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ tolitere na Khartoum, Sudan, wee kwaga Scotland na 1990 ebe ọ malitere ọrụ edemede ya. Ruo 2023, Aboulela ebipụtala akwụkwọ akụkọ isii na ọtụtụ akụkọ mkpirikpi, nke a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ iri na ise. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya kachasị ewu ewu, &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwEA&quot;&gt;Minaret&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; (2005) na The Translator (1999) gosipụtara akụkọ ụmụ nwanyị Alakụba na UK ma depụta ya maka International Dublin Literary Award na Orange Prize.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Chambers|first=Claire|title=An Interview with Leila Aboulela|url=https://academic.oup.com/cww/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/cww/vpp003|accessdate=2022-04-25|journal=Contemporary Women's Writing|year=2009|volume=3|pages=86–102|doi=10.1093/cww/vpp003}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gụnyere ọrụ Aboulela na akwụkwọ ndị dị ka Harper's Magazine, ''Granta'', The Washington Post na ''The Guardian''. BBC Radio emeela ka ọrụ ya dị mma ma gbasaa ọtụtụ egwuregwu ya, gụnyere The Insider, The Mystic Life na ihe nkiri akụkọ ihe mere eme The Lion of Chechnya . &lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela - Literature|url=https://literature.britishcouncil.org/writer/leila-aboulela|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=literature.britishcouncil.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; E depụtara usoro redio nke akụkụ ise nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke 1999 The Translator maka Race In the Media Award (RIMA). [3]&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt;

A na-eto ọrụ Aboulela nke ukwuu maka ngosipụta ya nke ndị Alakụba na-akwaga n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa na nsogbu ndị ha na-eche ihu.  Ahụmahụ ya dị ka onye mbata na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] na-emetụta ọrụ ya nke ukwuu na ihe isi ike ndị ọ nwetara n'oge mgbanwe ahụ.  Ọrụ ya gbadoro ụkwụ n'okwu gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na isiokwu ndị dị ka njirimara, mmekọrịta ọdịnala dị iche iche, nkewa nke East-West, njem njem, na ọnọdụ ime mmụọ [[Àlakụ̀ba|Islam]].  J.M. Coetzee, Ben Okri na Ali Smith mere emume amụma ya.  Abdulrazak Gurnah toro akwụkwọ akụkọ ya 2023 River Spirit maka &quot;mmịiko na nghọta pụrụ iche&quot;.

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ na 1964 na Cairo, ijipt,  nye nne onye Ijipt na nna Sudan, Aboulela kwagara mgbe ọ dị izu isii gaa Khartoum, Sudan, ebe ọ bi na-aga n'ihu ruo 1987. Nna Aboulela sitere na ezinụlọ Sudan a ma ama, ya na nwa nwanne nna ya bụ onye na-ede uri, Hassan Awad Aboulela.  Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na kọleji Victoria na ijipt na Trinity College, Dublin.  Nne ya bụ onye prọfesọ ngụkọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na Mahadum Khartoum na onye mbụ na-eme ihe ngosi na Sudan ka ọ nwetasịrị PhD na isiokwu ahụ site na mahadum dị na [[London]]. Nzụlite ya dị iche iche bụ oge ezumike ọkọchị na Cairo bụ ebe ọ nwere ike ime njikọ ya na ezinụlọ nne ya wee nweta omenala ndị Ijipt site na nri, mgbasa ozi na-ewu ewu, na ihe nkiri.Mgbe ọ bụ nwata ọ gara Khartoum American School na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Sisters, ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Katọlik nkeonwe. Ọ kọwara agụmakwụkwọ ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ America dị ka nke nwere &quot;ụmụ akwụkwọ Sudan dị ole na ole na enweghị ndị nkuzi Sudan&quot; Aboulela tolitere na-asụ ma Bekee na Arabic;  Otú ọ dị, ọ na-echeta na ọ bụ onye a na-emegbu n'ụlọ akwụkwọ n'ihi na ọ na-eji Arabic Arabic, nke ọ mụtara n'aka nne ya.Aboulela mechara gaa Mahadum Khartoum, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1985 site na nzere na Economics.Na 1991, Aboulela nwetara nzere Master of Science (M.Sc) na nzere Master of Philosophy (MPhil) na Statistics sitere na Schoollọ Akwụkwọ Akụ na ụba London. Akpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya n'ụdị Stock and flow model maka usoro agụmakwụkwọ Sudan. 

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2012, Aboulela bi na Aberdeen, Scotland. Di ya, Nadir Mahjoub, onye injinia mmanụ, bụ ọkara Sudanese, ọkara British, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Interview with Sudanese-Egyptian writer Leila Aboulela: The challenge of identity in a non-monochrome world - Qantara.de|url=https://en.qantara.de/content/interview-with-sudanese-egyptian-writer-leila-aboulela-the-challenge-of-identity-in-a-non|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=Qantara.de - Dialogue with the Islamic World|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nwanne nwoke nke onye edemede Jamal Mahjoub. &lt;ref name=&quot;NationalArabShowcase&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-01-26|title=Deviation from the mean: the move that gave Leila Aboulela something to write home about|first=Malika|author=Browne|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/deviation-from-the-mean-the-move-that-gave-leila-aboulela-something-to-write-home-about-1.1125684|accessdate=6 May 2023|work=The National {{!}} Arab Showcase|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-agụnye otu n'ime mmetụta ndị metụtara ya n'ide akwụkwọ nne ya bụ onye Bekee, Judith Mahjoub nwụrụ anwụ. Ha nwere ụmụ atọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:54&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-12-17|first=Arifa|author=Akbar|title=Back to Khartoum: Leila Aboulela returns to the land of her fathers|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/back-to-khartoum-leila-aboulela-returns-to-the-land-of-her-fathers-2162261.html|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=The Independent|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1990, Aboulela na di ya na ụmụ ya kwagara Aberdeen, ọpụpụ ọ kwuru na ọ bụ ihe kpaliri akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, The Translator . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela- The Translator Inspiration|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/books/the-translator/inspiration/|accessdate=2022-04-27|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-07-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731170315/http://www.leila-aboulela.com/books/the-translator/inspiration/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Aboulela malitere ide ihe na 1992 mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na Aberdeen College ma mesịa bụrụ onye enyemaka nyocha na Mahadum Aberdeen. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-12-08|title=Leila Aboulela- Biography|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/about/biography/|accessdate=2022-04-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208144741/http://www.leila-aboulela.com/about/biography/|archivedate=2015-12-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2006, ọ laghachiri Khartoum iji lekọta nna ya na-arịa ọrịa nke nwụrụ n'afọ 2008. [3] N'agbata afọ 2000 na 2012, Aboulela biri na Jakarta, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, na Doha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2005-06-05|title=Keep the faith|authorlink=Anita Sethi|first=Anita|author=Sethi|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/jun/05/fiction.features2|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=[[The Observer]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Aboulela bụ onye Alakụba na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, okwukwe ya na-enyekwa ọtụtụ ihe gbasara ọrụ ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/706025122|title=Dictionary of African biography|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|others=Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong, Henry Louis, Jr. Gates|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|location=Oxford|oclc=706025122}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ edemede ==
Aboulela malitere ide ihe mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na asatọ, mgbe ọ kwagara Aberdeen, Scotland, ya na ụmụ ya abụọ na-eto eto nke ọrụ di ya na mmanụ kpaliri.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Interview with Leila Aboulela, star of the new generation of British Muslim writers Interviewed by Olatoun Gabi-Williams|url=https://bordersliteratureonline.net/africanpublishing/New-Interview-with-Leila-Aboulela|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=bordersliteratureonline.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; Aboulela malitere ide ihe mgbe ọ debanyere aha na ọmụmụ edemede na Aberdeen Central Library ebe onye edemede bi na ya, Todd McEwen, gbara ya ume ma kwado ya, onye nyere onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya ọrụ Aboulela.&lt;ref name=&quot;:54&quot;/&gt; Aboulela na-ede n'asụsụ Bekee, mkpebi ọ malitere n'oge ọ bụ nwata, ma kwuo na ọ họọrọ ikwupụta onwe ya n'asụsụ bekee n'ihi na ọ bụ &quot;asụsụ nke atọ, nke na-enweghị ihe na-enye ume ọhụrụ site na enweghị iguzosi ike n'ihe nke ịhọrọ n'etiti nna m na asụsụ nne m&quot; na-ezo aka na mkparịta ụka Arabic nke Ijipt na Sudanese.[1]&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot; /&gt;

Ọ bụ onye na-enye aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ New Daughters of Africa nke afọ 2019, nke Margaret Busby dezigharịrị nke chịkọtara ọrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị 200 na-ede akwụkwọ sitere na Africa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-07-05|title='New Daughters of Africa' is a must read for aspiring young women writers|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/weekend/-new-daughters-of-africa-is-a-must-read-for-aspiring-young-women-writers-241888|accessdate=2022-04-27|first=Tom|author=Odhiambo|work=Nation|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gụnyere ọtụtụ ụdị dị ka akụkọ ndụ onwe onye, akwụkwọ ncheta, akwụkwọ ozi, akụkọ dị mkpirikpi, akwụkwọ akụkọ, uri, ihe nkiri, ọchị, akwụkwọ akụkọ na okwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=New Daughters of Africa|url=https://myriadeditions.com/books/new-daughters-of-africa-pbk/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=Myriad|language=en-GB|archivedate=2022-01-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125001517/https://myriadeditions.com/books/new-daughters-of-africa-pbk/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ajụjụ ọnụ nke afọ 2023, Aboulela kwupụtara echiche ya banyere akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Afrịka na mkpali ya maka iji akwụkwọ ndị e dere n'asụsụ Afrịka: &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Aboulela|first=Leila|date=2023-03-07|title=&quot;Mainstream history was written by the coloniser…it's time we wrote ours&quot;|url=https://africanarguments.org/2023/03/river-spirit-mainstream-history-was-written-by-the-coloniser-time-we-wrote-ours/|accessdate=2023-03-15|work=African Arguments|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
 

=== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ===

* The Translator: E bipụtara ya na 1999, The Translator, a Muslim retelling of ''Jane Eyre'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='I still feel the need for resistance in my writing': Sudanese author Leila Aboulela|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/features/i-still-feel-need-resistance-my-writing-sudanese-author-leila-aboulela/|accessdate=2023-03-05|work=Middle East Eye|first=Ilham|author=Essalih|date=5 November 2018|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke Aboulela nke na-akọ akụkọ banyere nwanyị di ya nwụrụ na Scotland nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ''''Onye Nsụgharị'':'' na mmekọrịta ya na onye ọrụ ya na Scotland. &lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-12-10|title=Writing as Spiritual Offering: A Conversation with Leila Aboulela, by Keija Parssinen|url=https://www.worldliteraturetoday.org/2020/winter/writing-spiritual-offering-conversation-leila-aboulela-keija-parssinen|accessdate=2022-04-25|work=World Literature Today|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2006, ''The New York Times'' depụtara The Translator dị ka otu n'ime 100 Akwụkwọ A Ma Ama nke Afọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=100 Notable Books of the Year - The New York Times Book Review - New York Times|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/books/review/20061203notable-books.html|date=4 December 2005|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=archive.nytimes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''''Minaret'':'' E bipụtara ya na 2005, Minaret na-elekwasị anya na Najwa, onye a manyere ịgbapụ Sudan ma biri na London mgbe nnupụisi nke kwaturu ọchịchị nna ya, onye Minista, jere ozi n'okpuru ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela- Minaret|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/books/minaret/|accessdate=2022-04-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akụkọ Najwa bụ otu n'ime ihe egwu ọdịbendị, ịhụnanya, Islamophobia, na mbata. Ọ na-akọwa njem nwa agbọghọ iji dịrị ndụ ma chọta ụlọ n'ebe ọhụrụ, nke a na-amaghị. [4]&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;
* Lyrics Alley: Nke mbụ e bipụtara na 2010, Lyrics Alley bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ nke atọ nke Aboulela na onye mmeri nke Scottish Book of the Year maka akụkọ ifo.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=BookBrowse|title=Summary and reviews of Lyrics Alley by Leila Aboulela|url=https://www.bookbrowse.com/bb_briefs/detail/index.cfm/ezine_preview_number/5936/lyrics-alley|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=BookBrowse.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2011-11-01|title='Lyrics Alley' by Leila Aboulela|url=https://www.thebottleimp.org.uk/2011/11/lyrics-alley-by-leila-aboulela/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=The Bottle Imp|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Okwu Alley'' sitere na ndụ nwanne nna ya, onye na-ede uri bụ Hassan Awad Aboulela.&lt;ref name=&quot;:54&quot;/&gt; N'ịbụ nke e mere na Sudan na 1950s, akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-akọ akụkọ banyere mba na-agbanwe site na ndụ ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya ka ha na-atụfu ndụ ha maara nke ọma ma na-ata ahụhụ ọdachi, nke na-agbanwere ike na ndụ ha ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela- Lyrics Alley|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/books/lyrics-alley/|accessdate=2022-04-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;
* The Kindness of Enemies: E bipụtara ya na 2015, The Kindness nke Enemies na-egosi akụkọ nke ọkara onye Russia, ọkara onye Sudan nke na-amalite njem iji dekọọ ndụ onye Alakụba n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, Imam Shamil, onye nwetara aha ọjọọ site na ọrụ ya na mmegide megide Russia nke Agha Caucasus. &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://groveatlantic.com/book/the-kindness-of-enemies/|title=The Kindness of Enemies {{!}} Grove Atlantic|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; E debere ya na 2010, akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekwukwa banyere isiokwu nke ndụ dị ka onye Alakụba n'oge post-9/11. [9]&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;
* Bird Summons: E bipụtara ya na 2019, Bird Summons bụ akụkọ banyere ụmụ nwanyị Alakụba atọ na-aga Scottish Highlands ileta ili Lady Evelyn Cobbold, nwanyị Britain mbụ mechara njem njem Hajji na Mecca.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Parsinnen|first=Keija|date=February 25, 2020|title=Leila Aboulela's 'Bird Summons' takes the traditional road trip novel down a new path|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/leila-aboulelas-bird-summons-takes-the-traditional-road-trip-novel-down-a-new-path/2020/02/25/9aa77322-4d99-11ea-bf44-f5043eb3918a_story.html|work=Washington Post}}&lt;/ref&gt; Njem ahụ na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime njem na nchọpụta onwe onye maka ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Yelizaveta P.|author=Renfro|title=Bird Summons: A Novel {{!}} Washington Independent Review of Books|url=https://www.washingtonindependentreviewofbooks.com/index.php/bookreview/bird-summons-a-novel|date=6 May 2020|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=www.washingtonindependentreviewofbooks.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nnwere onwe e nyere ha site n'ebe dị anya site n'ụlọ ha na ala Scottish mara mma na-akpali ha iche echiche banyere ndụ ha na mkpebi ndị mere ka ha nọrọ ebe ha nọ.[11]&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;
* River Spirit: E bipụtara ya na 2023, akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-ewere ọnọdụ na Sudan nke afọ 1880. Isi okwu gụnyere Agha Mahdist megide ọchịchị Anglo-Turkish na ịgba ohu na narị afọ nke 19 na Sudan. Ewezuga ndị akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka Mahdi Muhammad Ahmed na Gọvanọ Charles Gordon, Abouleila chepụtara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị iji gbaa akaebe maka ọrụ ha na ọha mmadụ. Otu n'ime ndị isi akụkọ ahụ bụ Akuany, nwa agbọghọ na-enweghị nne na nna si South, onye a na-ere n'ohu, ma bụrụ akụkụ nke ezinụlọ nke onye ahịa Yaseen.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Majumdar|first=Megha|date=2023-03-07|title=Amid Conflict and Cruelty, a Love Story That Endures|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/07/books/review/leila-aboulela-river-spirit.html|accessdate=2023-06-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nchịkọta akụkọ dị mkpirikpi ===

* Coloured Lights: E bipụtara ya na 2001, Coloured Light bụ nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi mbụ nke Aboulela. O nwere akụkọ iri na otu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Aboulela|first=Leila|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTxaAAAAMAAJ|title=Coloured lights|date=2001|publisher=Polygon|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9780748662982|language=English|oclc=606546929}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nchịkọta ahụ gosipụtara akụkọ nke ụmụ agbọghọ Sudan n'ọnọdụ dịgasị iche iche, ka ha na-agagharị ndụ ha na-achọ ihe ọ pụtara na ihe ọ bụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela- Coloured Lights|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/books/coloured-lights/|accessdate=2022-04-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọtụtụ n'ime akụkọ ndị ahụ na-egosi ahụmịhe ndị mbịarambịa na ihe ịma aka nke mgbanwe site na ndụ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ gaa na ọdịbendị nke Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke Aboulela The Museum - nke gụnyere na nchịkọta a - nwetara ihe nrite Caine Prize for African Writing na 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=admin|date=2018-08-01|title=The Museum by Leila Aboulela|url=https://projectmyopia.com/the-museum/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=Project Myopia|language=en-GB|archivedate=2022-05-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517013618/https://projectmyopia.com/the-museum/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere nwa akwụkwọ Sudan na Aberdeen na mkpakọrịta nwoke na nwanyị mbụ ya na nwa klas ya bụ onye Scotland. Ebe ngosi nka a na-akpọ aha na-ezo aka na nkatọ akụkọ ahụ banyere ihe ngosi nka Africa na ebe ngosi nka Scotland na ihe nketa nke ụlọ ọrụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;/&gt;
* Elsewhere, Home: E bipụtara ya na 2018, e nyere akwụkwọ akụkọ a onyinye Saltire Fiction Book of the Year ma nwee akụkọ iri na atọ.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-07-09|title=Elsewhere, Home by Leila Aboulela – review|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jul/09/elsewhere-home-leila-aboulela-review|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=The Guardian|first=Arifa|author=Akbar|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Scotland's National Book Awards 2018: Fiction Shortlist|url=https://www.saltiresociety.org.uk/scotlands-national-book-awards-2018-fiction-shortlist|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=The Saltire Society|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na-akọwa akụkọ banyere mmekọrịta ọdịbendị dị iche iche, ọbụbụenyi, na mfu, Elsewhere, Home bụ nchịkọta akụkọ ndị na-agbaso ndụ ndị mmadụ ka ha na-agbanwe ma na-emepụta onwe ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=BookBrowse|title=Elsewhere Home by Leila Aboulela: Summary and reviews|url=https://www.bookbrowse.com/reviews/index.cfm/book_number/3922/elsewhere-home|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=BookBrowse.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akụkọ ndị a na-eme na Abu Dhabi, Aberdeen, Edinburgh, na London.[7] Na Pages of Fruit, otu nwanyị na-elekọta ụlọ na-anọ naanị ya na-aga Ememme akwụkwọ nke Edinburgh iji zute onye edemede ọ na-efe ofufe, naanị iji hụ onwe ya na-enweghị nzube na mmechuihu mgbe nzukọ ha na-adịghị mma gasịrị.[5] Ka ọ dị ugbu a, na Something Old, Something New, onye Alakụba Scottish na-eleta Khartoum iji hụ onye Sudan ya na-achọ ịlụ ma malite inwe obi abụọ banyere mmekọrịta ha mgbe ọ na-eche mmetụta ya nke inyo enyo na egwu nke ndị mba ọzọ nọ n'ala dị anya ihu.[5]&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;

=== Egwuregwu ===
Aboulela edeela ọtụtụ ihe nkiri redio, ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghị ebipụta n'ụdị mbipụta. Egwuregwu ya bụ The Insider, The Mystic Life, The Lion of Chechnya, na The Sea Warrior ka a na-agbasa na mmemme Redio BBC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/|accessdate=2022-04-27|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Mystic Life bụ akụkọ sitere na nchịkọta akụkọ ya dị mkpirikpi, Coloured Lights, ebe The Lion of Chechnya na-akọ akụkọ Imam Shamil (1797-1871), onye ndú ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Alakụba na isiokwu nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, The Kindness of Enemies . &lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;/&gt; E mekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya The Translator na akụkọ mkpirikpi ya The Museum ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri redio, ebe emere ihe nkiri ya Friends and Neighbours na Aberdeen na 1998. [2]&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;

== Mmetụta edemede ==
Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe odide Aboulela sitere na ndụ ya ozugbo.  Ọ na-ekwupụta ịkwaga ya site na Sudan gaa Scotland na 1990 dị ka onye na-akpalite ọrụ agụmagụ ya wee kwupụta ọchịchọ ya ide banyere Sudan na Islam—isiokwu ndị ọ hụtụrụla na ọ naghị anọchi anya ya—maka ịbụ ndị na-akpali ya mbido. Aboulela ekwupụtala mmasị ya n'ịkwụsị ihe ngosi nke ndị Alakụba, Sudan, na ndị kwabatara site n'edemede ya ma gbasie mbọ ike igosipụta ndị ọ zutere na ebe ndị o biri na akụkọ ya.Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ Lyrics Alley gbadoro ụkwụ n'ezi akụkọ banyere ndụ nwanne nna ya, onye na-ede uri Hassan Awad Aboulela, na ihe ọghọm ya dị egwu na mmalite 1940s nke mere ka ọ gwụ ya. Ya na nna ya jikọrọ aka dee akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ma mụtakwuo banyere ndụ nwa nwanne nna ya, bụ onye jere ozi dị ka ihe mkpali n'azụ onye isi agwa, Nur.

Aboulela na-akpọ onye Ijipt Nobel Prize laureate Naguib Mahfouz na onye edemede Sudan a ma ama Tayeb Salih dị ka mmetụta edemede site na nwata na oge ya na Sudan.  Nkwagharị ya na Scotland mere ka ọ mata Jean Rhys na Anita Desai, ndị odee o kwuru na ha nwere &quot;mmetụta dị egwu n'ọrụ ya&quot;.Aboulela egosila mmasị ya n'ebe ndị odee dị ka Abdulrazak Gurnah, Doris Lessing, Buchi Emecheta, na Ahdaf Soueif kwagara Britain mgbe ọ dị obere ma si otú ahụ nwee ahụmahụ ndị yiri ya na nke ya.  Ọ na-ekwetakwa mmetụta nke ndị edemede Scotland, dị ka Alan Spence na Robin Jenkins.

== Nnabata Dị oke egwu ==
Ọrụ Aboulela enwetawo nnabata dị mma nke ukwuu, ndị dị ka Ben Okri, onye mmeri Nobel Prize J.M Coetzee, na Ali Smith na-eme emume ya maka ikike ya nke akwụkwọ akụkọ na akụkọ dị mkpirikpi, yana maka okwu ya pụrụ iche.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;/&gt; Onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye edemede bụ John Freeman kpọrọ ya &quot;otu n'ime ndị edemede akụkọ mkpirikpi kachasị mma dị ndụ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Khakpour|first=Porochista|date=2019-03-11|title=Stories of the Muslim Immigrant Experience, From a Sudanese Writer Now Living in Scotland|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/11/books/review/leila-aboulela-elsewere-home.html|accessdate=2022-04-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akụkọ ya masịrị Kim Hedges nke San Francisco Chronicle onye dere, &quot;Akụkọ Aboulela dị ịtụnanya. Ọ na-ejikwa mmetụta siri ike n'ụzọ dị ike ma dị ike, na-enye ha okwu ihu na ihu, ma jiri nkà jide mmetụta dị iche iche nke na-agwakọta iji mepụta ọnọdụ. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Leila Aboulela|url=https://groveatlantic.com/author/leila-aboulela/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=Grove Atlantic|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A maara ya maka ihe ngosi ya dị nro nke ndị Alakụba kwabatara, mgbagwoju anya nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti omenala, Islam na ụmụ nwanyị ndị na-emebi atụmanya ọha mmadụ.[1].  Onye nta akụkọ Boyd Tonkin toro ya maka ịbụ &quot;Otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị Muslim ole na ole na-ede akwụkwọ na Britain gosipụtara okwukwe ha dị ka ike dị ndụ kama ịhapụ akụkọ ihe mere eme&quot;.

N'etiti ọrụ ya, akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke abụọ ''Minaret'' (2005) dọtara uche ndị nkatọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;/&gt; Ọrụ a gosipụtara ọbịbịa Aboulela dị ka onye nwere mmetụta nke ndị edemede ọhụrụ nke ndị Alakụba na Britain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Sufian|first=Abu|date=2014-06-01|title=Aboulela's Minaret : A New Understanding of Diasporic Muslim Women in the West|url=https://www.academia.edu/7582406|journal=The Criterion}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-eto Minaret dị ka &quot;ihe ịga nke ọma dị egwu&quot; na &quot;akwụkwọ akụkọ''Minaret'', obi ike, ihe ịma aka&quot; site n'aka Mike Phillips na-ede maka ''The Guardian''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2005-06-11|title=Review: Faith healing {{!}} Minaret by Leila Aboulela|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/jun/11/featuresreviews.guardianreview12|accessdate=2022-04-27|first=Mike|author=Phillips|authorlink=Mike Phillips (writer)|work=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-ewere ya dị ka onye edemede nwanyị Africa, Arab, Scotland, na onye mba ọzọ site n'aka ndị na-ege ya ntị nke ndị nkatọ, bọọdụ ihe nrite akwụkwọ, na ndị nyocha.[1]  Odee James Robinson kọwara Aboulela dị ka “olu pụrụ iche na nke na-enye ume ọhụrụ na akụkọ ifo ndị Scotland nke oge a”.[2]  John A. Stotesbury na Brendan Smyth na-arụ ụka na Aboulela ekwupụtala ọrụ ya  na mpaghara agụmagụ dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ na-agbagha echiche Orientist na ndị Alakụba banyere oke nwoke yana echiche a ma ama nke ụmụ nwanyị Alakụba.  Ọrụ Aboulela abụrụla isiokwu a ma ama maka ihe ọmụmụ PhD na akụkọ ndị ọkà mmụta gbara gburugburu ndị Alakụba na ederede ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a .[1]&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;

Na Disemba 2023, New York Times kpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ River Spirit ya otu n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ akụkọ iri kacha mma nke 2023.[1]  Ọzọkwa, akwụkwọ akụkọ Brittle Paper họpụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ a dị ka otu n'ime akwụkwọ 100 ama ama nke Africa nke 2023.

== Akwụkwọ ==

* 1999: The Translator, Grove Press, Black Cat - nke Elkhatim Adl'an sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Arabic&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://groveatlantic.com/book/the-translator/|title=The Translator {{!}} Grove Atlantic|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;
* 2001: Coloured Lights, Polygon, Edinburgh&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Bjornson|first=Gordon B|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/606|title=Twentieth-century economics; an analysis and prediction of the Nation's economy|date=1968|publisher=Exposition Press|location=New York|language=English|oclc=606}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2005: ''Minaret'', Grove Press, Black Cat - nke Badreldin Hashimi sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Arabic &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://groveatlantic.com/book/lyrics-alley/|title=Lyrics Alley {{!}} Grove Atlantic|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2011: Lyrics Alley, Grove Press - nke Badreldin Hashimi sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Arabic &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;/&gt;&amp;nbsp;
* 2015: The Kindness of Enemies, Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson - nke Badreldin Hashimi sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Arabic [4]&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;
* 2018: Ebe ọzọ, Home, Telegram Books&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.telegraph.co.uk/Product/Leila-Aboulela/Elsewhere-Home/24870860|title=Elsewhere Home|date=2019-12-02|isbn=978-0-8021-4694-6|language=en-gb|author=Aboulela|first=Leila}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2019: Bird Summons, Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.weidenfeldandnicolson.co.uk/titles/leila-aboulela/bird-summons/9781474600149/|title=Bird Summons|date=2018-09-07|isbn=978-1-4746-0014-9|language=en-US|author=Aboulela|first=Leila}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2023: River Spirit, Grove Atlantic, Saqi Books  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://groveatlantic.com/book/river-spirit/|title=River Spirit {{!}} Grove Atlantic|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ihe nrite na onyinye ==

* 2000: Caine Prize for African Writing, maka The Museum&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Previous Winners|url=http://www.caineprize.com/previous-winners|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=The Caine Prize for African Writing|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2000: Saltire Society Scottish First Book of the Year Award (obere ndepụta), The Translator&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Scotland's National Book Awards 2018: Fiction Shortlist|url=https://www.saltiresociety.org.uk/scotlands-national-book-awards-2018-fiction-shortlist|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=The Saltire Society|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2002: PEN Macmillan Macmillan Silver PEN Award (nchịkọta dị mkpirikpi), Coloured Lights&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-04-17|title=Sudanese Novelist Leila Aboulela Becomes International Figure Through Religion, Alienation|url=https://fanack.com/faces-en/leila-aboulela~112336/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=Fanack.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2003: Race and Media Award (nchịkọta dị mkpirikpi - usoro ihe nkiri redio), The Translator [2]&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot; /&gt;
* 2011: E depụtara ya maka onyinye ndị edemede Commonwealth- Europe na S. E Asia, Lyrics Alley &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lyrics Alley short-listed for Commonwealth Writers' Prize! {{!}} Leila Aboulela|url=http://www.leila-aboulela.com/important-dates/|accessdate=2022-04-27|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-04-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220427070428/http://www.leila-aboulela.com/important-dates/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2011: Akụkọ ifo Onye mmeri nke Scottish Book Awards, Lyrics Alley &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-07-01|title=Lyrics Alley|url=https://scottishpen.org/book/lyrics-alley/|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=Scottish PEN|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2018: Saltire Fiction Book of the Year Award, Elsewhere, Home &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Scotland's National Book Awards 2018: Fiction Shortlist|url=https://www.saltiresociety.org.uk/scotlands-national-book-awards-2018-fiction-shortlist|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=The Saltire Society|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2023: A họpụtara ya dịka Fellow nke Royal Society of Literature &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Creamer|first=Ella|date=2023-07-12|title=Royal Society of Literature aims to broaden representation as it announces 62 new fellows|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/jul/12/royal-society-of-literature-aims-to-broaden-representation-as-it-announces-62-new-fellows|accessdate=2023-07-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Akwụkwọ Sudan
* Ndepụta nke ndị edemede Sudan
* Akwụkwọ Arabic nke oge a

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==

; Ntụle

* {{Cite journal|author=Sufian|first=Abu|year=2014|title=Aboulela's ''Minaret'' : A New Understanding of Diasporic Muslim Women in the West|journal=The Criterion|volume=5|url=https://www.academia.edu/7582406|accessdate=2015-04-24}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
* [http://www.suttonelms.org.uk/aboul.html Egwuregwu redio nke Leila Aboulela]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20240604121219/https://www.vqronline.org/fiction/doctor-nile Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke Leila Abouleila Doctor on the Nile, site na akwụkwọ akụkọ VQR, Winter 2010]
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    <title>Lisa Bradley</title>
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      <text bytes="3722" sha1="o6ydtrnz95yo0yvwfx7lxc78tx2q8xw" xml:space="preserve"> [[File:Lisa Bradley.jpg|thumb|Lisa Bradley]]

Lisa Bradley ( egosi 1951 na Columbus, [[Ohaïyo|Ohio]] ) bụ omenkà America nke na-egosi ihe ofufe afọ iri a na veranda na ụlọ ihe ngosi mgbe ochie na New York City, Washington, DC, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, Boston, Paris  , Helsinki, Tokyo, Brussels, na Dakar . &lt;ref name=&quot;Solo Exhibitions&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/usernet/awc/awc_history_view.asp?aid=425931617&amp;info_type_id=2|title=Solo Exhibitions}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Group Exhibitions&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/usernet/awc/awc_history_view.asp?aid=425931617&amp;info_type_id=3|title=Group Exhibitions}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ihe osise ya dị na mkpokọta Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Delaware Art Museum, Columbus Museum of Art, National Museum of Women in the Arts, [[Pensílvéníyạ|Pennsylvania]] Academy of the Fine Arts, Farnsworth Art Museum, Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum, na New Ndị nwe ihe.  ngka nke Orleans &lt;ref name=&quot;Museum and Public Collection&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/usernet/awc/awc_history_view.asp?aid=425931617&amp;info_type_id=10|title=Museum and Public Collection}}&lt;/ref&gt;

QNdị nkatọ na-egosila ọrụ na akwụkwọ nka Artforum, D'Art International, [1] Arts Magazine [2] na Helsingin Sanomat &lt;ref&gt;Rohianinen, Anne. &quot;Reflections from Silence,&quot; Helsingin Sanomat, Helsinki, Finland. May 6, 1995.&lt;/ref&gt;

Onye America na-ese ihe na onye na-ere ihe nka Betty Parsons bụ onye-na-amụ ọrụ Bradley.  [1] Ndị na-anakọta ihe The anwụ Herbert Vogel na Dorothy Vogel bụ onye maka onye ọrụ ya, a na- sirikwa ụzọ Bradley na ezinụlọ sitere na mkpokọta Vogel ugbu a n'ike ngosi ihe ochie dị na United States  nke Vogel 50/50 nke National Gallery of National Gallery na-akwado.  nka .

Ugbu a na-ebi ma na-arụ ọrụ na New York, ebe ọ dabere na njedebe 1970s, Bradley maara maka siri ike nke ahịrị, ụgbọ elu, na oghere na ụzọ ya.  N'ịbụ onye isi ụzọ okwu n'otu n'otu, onye na-ese ihe na-enweta nke ihe ọmụmụ na-egosi na-ama ọkwa n'otu oge.  [1] Ihe ndị ọrụ ya na-ahụ ụgbọ nke oge ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ, dị ka onye nkatọ nka, Carter Ratcliff kwuru, &quot;nkwụsịtụ n'etiti ego nke ike dị ukwuu.&quot;  [2] Mmegharị nke ọrụ ya na-egosi na ederede ihe mere eme nke seminal, The Art of Seeing, 3rd site na 6th ọkọlọtọ, nke Prentice Hall akwụkwọ.. &lt;ref&gt;Zelanski, Paul and Mary Pat Fisher. The Art of Seeing. (Third Edition) Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. pp. 44-45. 1994; Zelanski, Paul and Mary Pat Fisher. The Art of Seeing. (Fourth Edition) Prentice Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jerseyp. 27. 1999; Zelanski, Paul and Mary Pat Fisher. The Art of Seeing. (Fifth Edition) Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. p. 31. 2002; Zelanski, Paul and Mary Pat Fisher. The Art of Seeing. (Sixth Edition) Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. p. 47. 2005.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Isi mmalite ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://lisabradley.net/ Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị]
* [http://www.artnet.com/awc/lisa-bradley.html Lisa Bradley katalọgụ na artnet]
* [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2539720/?ref_=sr_2 HERB &amp; DOROTHY 50X50 na IMDb]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20240919080510/https://www.vogel5050.org/artists/23 Vogel 50x50: Lisa Bradley]
* [https://www.hollistaggart.com/exhibitions/58-lisa-bradley-the-fullness-of-being/ Ihe ngosi Lisa Bradley na Hollis Taggart gallery]
* [https://artcritical.com/2015/02/18/jonathan-goodmann-on-lisa-bradley/ &quot;O siri ike ịkọwa&quot;: Lisa Bradley's Mysterious Abstractions site Jonathan Goodman, nka nka]
* {{IMDb name|6333399}}  
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    <title>Lexi Allen</title>
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'''Alexis Marie Nucklos-Allen''' (amụrụ Ọktoba 2, 1967), &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.familytreenow.com/search/people/results?first=Alexis&amp;middle=Marie&amp;last=Nucklos&amp;rid=0s0&amp;smck=HU2CxdB-CirSpCQkbzNp2g Alexis Marie Nucklos - familytreenow.com]&lt;/ref&gt; mara amara nke ọma site na aha ogbo ya '''Lexi Allen''', bụ onye ọbụ abụ ozioma nke America, onye na-emepụta ihe, [[Actor|onye na-eme ihe nkiri]], onye ọchị ọchị, ụdị onyonyo, na onye na-ede ihe nkiri .

== Ndụ mbido ==
A mụrụ Alexis Marie Nucklos na Columbus, Ohio, ebe o tolitere na-abụ abụ na chọọchị nna nna ya. &lt;ref name=&quot;bg90&quot;&gt;[http://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6070&amp;context=bg-news J.J. Thompson. ]&lt;/ref&gt; Nucklos bụ ada dibịa Dr. Ruby Nucklos. Ọ gara wee gụchaa na Bowsher High School na Toledo . Nucklos mechara gaa Bowling Green State University, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na nkwukọrịta. &lt;ref name=&quot;tblade&quot;&gt;[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&amp;dat=20000122&amp;id=EGhRAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=qAMEAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=4742,2096869&amp;hl=en &quot;Lexi is back on the gospel scene with a new urban-edge album&quot;], ''Toledo Blade'', January 22, 2000, pg. &lt;/ref&gt; N'ime afọ ọhụrụ ya na mahadum, e nyere ya akara ugo mmụta nwaada Bronze. &lt;ref name=&quot;bg86&quot;&gt;[http://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5516&amp;context=bg-news Jared O. Wadley. ]&lt;/ref&gt; Na 1989, ọ ghọrọ onye otu Zeta Phi Beta . &lt;ref&gt;[http://psiepsilonzetas.wixsite.com/1974/lineage Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Incorporated, Psi Epsilon Chapter at Bowling Green State University, Chapter Lineage], psiepsilonzetas.wixsite.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Maka oge ọ bụrụ abụ ndabere maka, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, Gerald LeVert, Vanessa Bell Armstrong, na Fred Hammond . &lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=PA8EAAAAMBAJ&amp;pg=PA47 &quot;Lexi: ...And That's The Way It Is.&quot;] ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard Magazine]]: The International NewsWeekly of Music, Video and Home Entertainment'', Vol. &lt;/ref&gt;  Mgbe ahapụchara album mbụ ya ''Call Her Lexi'' (1990) &lt;ref name=&quot;bg90&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2009-09-09|title=Lexi|url=http://www.dagospeltruth.com/lexi/|accessdate=2021-06-02|work=Da Gospel Truth|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.allmusic.com/album/call-her-lexi-mw0000314802 Call Her Lexi], AllMusic.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ hapụrụ egwu, kama ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi, tupu ọ maliteghachi ọrụ ịbụ abụ ya afọ iri ka e mesịrị. &lt;ref name=&quot;tblade&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://chronicle.augusta.com/stories/2000/02/26/liv_284730.shtml Inspired, energized, singer, start on the comeback trail], chronicle.augusta.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; Nucklos lụrụkwa onye na-emepụta egwu Michael Allen, onye nyere aka jikwaa ọrụ egwu ya. N'oge alụmdi na nwunye ha, Allen dọtara uche nke onye bụbu onye mmeri ịkụ ọkpọ Evander Holyfield, bụ onye debere akara ndekọ Real Deal Records . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/821156/former-heavyweight-champion-evander-holyfield-founds-label/ |title=Former heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield founds label - MTV |accessdate=2024-06-09 |archivedate=2016-04-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410101600/http://www.mtv.com/news/821156/former-heavyweight-champion-evander-holyfield-founds-label/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe a bịanyere aka na akara Holyfield, Lexi wepụtara ''Lexi &amp; Nke ahụ bụ Uzo Ọ Dị'' (2002), ''Otuto na Ndagwurugwu'' (2004) na ''Ihe Eluigwe na-anụ'' (2005).

Ndekọ 2004 nwetara ya Stellar Gospel Music Award nhọpụta.  &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120711005300/en/Malaco-Records-Release-Phenomenal-Album-Acclaimed-Artist Malaco Records to Release Phenomenal, the New Album from Acclaimed Artist &amp; Beloved Talk Show Host Lexi], BusinessWire.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2006, Allen ghọrọ ihu ọha nke Okwu Network, ebe ọ na-enye mmemme oge niile &quot;The Word Network Church with Lexi&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thewordnetwork.org/about|title=About {{!}} The Word Network|accessdate=2016-03-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317102947/http://www.thewordnetwork.org/about|archivedate=2016-03-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ kwadoro ''The Lexi Show'', nke The Word Network na-ebugharị, bụ nke ọ gbara ajụjụ ọnụ ndị ọbịa dị ka B.Slade (nke a na-akpọ Tonex), Carlton Pearson, Shirley Caesar, DeWayne Woods na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.  &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dagospeltruth.com/lexi-2 Profile], dagospeltruth.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Na 2010, ''ihe ngosi Lexi'' kwụsịrị ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu afọ,  &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20231121033003/http://higherrockmusic.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=583:the-word-networks-qthe-lexi-sjowq-comes-to-an-end&amp;catid=42:christian&amp;Itemid=94 The Word Network's &quot;The Lexi Show&quot; Comes To An End], higherrockmusic.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; n'oge na-adịghị anya ka a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ nke Tonex kwuru n'ezoghị ọnụ banyere mmasị nwoke na nwanyị ya na echiche ya banyere mmekọahụ n'ozuzu ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thelightnc.hellobeautiful.com/7626901/lexi-out-of-word-network-did-she-go-to-far-with-tonex-interview |title=Lexi Out of Word Network: Did She Go To Far With Tonex Interview? |accessdate=2024-06-09 |archivedate=2016-04-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409060307/http://thelightnc.hellobeautiful.com/7626901/lexi-out-of-word-network-did-she-go-to-far-with-tonex-interview/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.eurweb.com/2010/11/lexi-out-of-word-network-because-of-controversial-tonex-interview |title=Lexi Out of Word Network Because of Controversial Tonex Interview? |accessdate=2024-06-09 |archivedate=2016-04-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408174547/http://www.eurweb.com/2010/11/lexi-out-of-word-network-because-of-controversial-tonex-interview/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe ngosi ahụ laghachiri na 2011,  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gospelpundit.com/2011/03/the-lexi-show-returns-to-the-word-network/|title=The Lexi Show Returns to The Word Network {{!}} GospelPundit.com|accessdate=2016-03-28|archivedate=2016-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408205140/http://www.gospelpundit.com/2011/03/the-lexi-show-returns-to-the-word-network/}}&lt;/ref&gt; na mgbe e mesịrị ka afọ atọ gachara, na 2015. &lt;ref&gt;[http://pathmegazine.com/news/world-news/the-word-network-brings-back-the-lexi-show/ The Word Network Brings Back “The Lexi Show”], PathMEGAzine.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

Emepụtara album ya 2012 ''Phenomenal'' ka o binyechara aka na otu egwu egwu Malaco. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://ugospel.com/malaco-music-group-announces-the-signing-of-alexis-allen-professionally-known-as-lexi/ |title=Malaco Music Group Announces the Signing of Alexis Allen Professionally Known as Lexi {{!}} uGospel.com |accessdate=2024-06-09 |archivedate=2024-04-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416041329/https://ugospel.com/malaco-music-group-announces-the-signing-of-alexis-allen-professionally-known-as-lexi/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://ugospel.com/malaco-records-announces-lexi-allens-upcoming-album-phenomenal/ |title=Malaco Records Announces Lexi Allen's Upcoming Album, &quot;Phenomenal&quot; {{!}} uGospel.com |accessdate=2024-06-09 |archivedate=2024-06-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618225704/https://ugospel.com/malaco-records-announces-lexi-allens-upcoming-album-phenomenal/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị otu &quot;Burn It All Down&quot; na &quot;Bide&quot; sitere na ọba egwu a kụrụ chaatị Billboard Hot Gospel Songs, &lt;ref&gt;[https://ichoosegospel.wordpress.com/2013/02/04/new-single-from-lexi-abide/ New Single from Lexi - &quot;Abide&quot; | I Choose Gospel]&lt;/ref&gt; na-arị elu na #20 na #14 n'otu n'otu. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.billboard.com/artist/307126/lexi/chart Lexi - Chart history], Billboard.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

Allen na-apụta mgbe niile na &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwcQ&quot;&gt;Yolanda Adams Morning Show&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; na akụkụ &quot;Inside Inspiration with Lexi&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130210032128/http://theyolandaadamsmorningshow.com/tag/inside-inspiration-with-lexi/ Inside Inspiration with Lexi], The Yolanda Adams Morning Show via archive.org; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; Na ọwa [[YouTube]] ya, o mepụtala vidiyo na-atọ ọchị na-ekwu maka isiokwu ndị dị ka omenala ụka, omenala ndị Africa na America, na ihe nkiri TV ama ama.  &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/user/lexitelevision lexitelevision], YouTube.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://shine.forharriet.com/2015/01/mother-walkers-sanctified-straight-talk.html Mother Walker's Sanctified Straight Talk is Hilarious], shine.forharriet.com; accessed March 22, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-agbakwa ALX Hair, azụmahịa na-ere ntutu isi. 

== Ihe nkiri ==
 

* ''Churchka netwọkụ Okwu na Lexi'' (2006)
* ''Ihe ngosi Lexi'' (2010–2011; 2015)
* ''Churchy'' (2024-ugbu a)

'''Ihe ngosi YouTube'''

* ''Ndị na-amanye mmụọ nsọ'' (2012– dị ugbu a)
* ''Ghetto Bewitched'' (2015- dị ugbu a)

== Ntụaka ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Lexi at AllMusic
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Marshall Daugherty</title>
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[[Usòrò:John Wesley statue, Savannah, GA, US.jpg|thumb|John Wesley statue, Savannah, GA, US.]]
Marshall Harrison Daugherty (Septemba 6, 1915 - ụgbọ 28, 1991) bụ onye ọkpụ ọkpụ America na-arụ ọrụ n'etiti etiti-ọgwụ ike afọ 20.

== Ndụ na ọrụ ==
Otu nwa agbọghọ na September 6, 1915 na Seattle, Washington &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Daugherty, Marshall Harrison|url=http://dickjohnsonsdatabank.com/daugherty-marshall-harrison.html|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=Dick Johnson's Databank}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Yale na Robert Eberhard yana Carl Milles na Cranbrook Educational Community na Bloomfield Hills, Michigan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Biography|url=https://www.juliemccraneybrogdon.com/biography|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=J McCraney-Brogdon|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ihe dị ka 1934, mgbe Daugherty nọ n'afọ iri na ụma, ọ zutere onye edemede Harry Stillwell Edwards na Kingfisher Cabin na ubi Edwards na Holly Bluff, na nso Macon, Georgia, ebe Daugherty bụ oche nke ngalaba nka na Mahadum Mercer.  .  Daugherty ntọala ntọala ngalaba na 1946 na Tony Stansfeld.  [1] Daugherty mechara kpụrụ bọs Edwards. &lt;ref name=&quot;vault&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=CONTENTdm|url=https://vault.georgiaarchives.org/digital/collection/vg2/id/4176|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=vault.georgiaarchives.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daugherty lụrụ Gertrude Earle &quot;Trudy&quot; Baker, onye ya na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ: Deryl Dantzler na Carla McAuley. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mercer Lawyer by Mercer University/Marketing Communications - Issuu|url=https://issuu.com/mercerian/docs/mercerlawyer_fall13_smpl|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=issuu.com|language=en|archivedate=2022-04-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406034740/https://issuu.com/mercerian/docs/mercerlawyer_fall13_smpl}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;trudy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gertrude Baker &quot;Trudy&quot; Daugherty Obituary (2011) The Telegraph|url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/macon/name/gertrude-daugherty-obituary?id=20918990|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=Legacy.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banyere ihe oyiyi John Wesley nke e wuru na 1969 na Reynolds Square, Savannah, Georgia, Marshall kwuru, sị: “Oge a bụ ka o si na echiche ya le ese ya anya, na-achọ ikwu okwu ma na-esetị aka nri ya.  n'ịhụnanya, pịa òkù., na agbamume n'ụzọ dị iche, aka jidesie Bible ike ma dị ike—ebe anyị na Onye Pụrụ Ime Ihe Nile nọ.” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=John Wesley, 1703-1791: Founder of Methodism|url=https://georgiahistory.com/ghmi_marker_updated/john-wesley-1703-1791-founder-of-methodism/|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=Georgia Historical Society|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Daugherty nwụrụ na Eprel 28, 1991, ọ dị afọ 75. Ọ tụfuru anya ya ihe dị ka afọ iri tupu mgbe ahụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-10-28|title=Happy Day!|url=https://charlsiekate.com/2010/10/28/happy-day/|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=the thin line between optimism and delusion...|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nwunye-ya rapuru ya rue arọ orú; ọ nwụrụ na June 13, 2011, afọ 92. &lt;ref name=&quot;trudy&quot;/&gt;

== Ọrụ ahọpụtara ==

* John Wesley Statue, Reynolds Square, Savannah, Georgia (1989)  &lt;ref name=&quot;osg&quot;&gt;[http://www.officialsavannahguide.com/article_8.shtml Official Savannah Guide's ''Tour Savannah's Squares''], accessed June 16, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;conner&quot;&gt;[http://www.seesavannah.com/sample.pdf See Savannah] by T.D. Conner (2001), accessed June 14, 2007&lt;/ref&gt;
* Harry Stillwell Edwards Bust (ugbu a n'ọ́bá akwụkwọ Ncheta Washington dị na Macon, Georgia; c. 1936 ) &lt;ref name=&quot;vault&quot;/&gt;
* Pan na-eto eto (1986) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fine Art {{!}} Museum of Arts and Sciences|url=https://www.masmacon.org/art-at-mas/|accessdate=2022-04-06|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1981, e mere ihe oyiyi ikpeazụ nke Daugherty maka Trav na Kate Paine, na ebe nchekwa nwa ya mmetụta dị afọ ise, Alice, bụ onye gburu site na ọrịa ahụ ihe ndụ nketa n'afọ gara aga, ebe ọ na-  ọrịa afọ atọ.  Ezuru ihe oyiyi ahụ na September 2010, mana a napụtara ya n'anyị na-esote mgbe ọrụ nke Natalie Spires, onye òtù na onye ọka iwu iwu.. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Cain|first=Bianca|title=Memorial statue recovered|url=https://www.augustachronicle.com/story/news/2010/10/28/memorial-statue-recovered/14575555007/|accessdate=2022-04-06|work=The Augusta Chronicle|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
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    <title>Mark Shaw (onye na-ese foto)</title>
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'''Mark Shaw''' (June 25, 1921 - Jenụwarị 26, 1969) bụ onye ejiji America na onye na-ese foto ama ama na 1950s na 1960s. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka magazin ''Life'' site na 1952 ruo 1968, n'oge nke mbipụta 27 nke ''Ndụ'' bu foto mkpuchi nke Shaw. &lt;ref name=&quot;shawweb&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://markshawphoto.com/markshaw_biography.htm|title=Mark Shaw Biography|publisher=Mark Shaw Photographic Archive|accessdate=2010-03-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917051209/http://markshawphoto.com/markshaw_biography.htm|archivedate=2013-09-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọrụ Shaw pụtakwara na &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwDg&quot;&gt;Esquire&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, ''Harper's Bazaar'', &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwEg&quot;&gt;Mademoiselle&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;shawweb&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;PhAnn63&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|year=1962|title=Mark Shaw|journal=Photography Annual, 1963 Edition|pages=42, 190–193}}&lt;/ref&gt; A maara ya nke ọma maka foto ya nke John F. Kennedy, nwunye ya Jacqueline Kennedy, na ụmụ ha, Caroline na John F. Kennedy, Jr. Na 1964, e bipụtara ọtụtụ n'ime ihe oyiyi ndị a n'akwụkwọ ''The John F. Kennedys: A. Album ezinụlọ'', nke ghọrọ onye na-ere ahịa kacha mma.

== Ndụ mbido ==
A mụrụ Shaw '''Mark Schlossman''' na ndị nne na nna na-arụ ọrụ nke ihe nketa [[Owuwa Anyanwu Obodo Beke|Eastern Europe]] na New York City wee tolite na Lower East Side . Nne ya Rebecca (ma ọ bụ Reva) Silverstein (nakwa Kanzer) (1895-1960) bụ onye na-akwa akwa nke Russia na Polish; nna ya Joseph Charles Schlossman bụ onye ọrụ na/ma ọ bụ onye na-ere ahịa nke agbụrụ Austrian. Ha gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe Mak ka bụ nwata. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ gara Mahadum New York, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ mmepụta ihe, &lt;ref name=&quot;PhAnn63&quot;/&gt; na Pratt Institute, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nkà na ụzụ ma eleghị anya na-ekpughekwa foto. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Charmed by Audrey: Life on the Set of Sabrina|author=Shaw|first=Mark|date=2009-04-14|publisher=Insight Editions|location=San Rafael, CA|isbn=978-1-933784-87-8|pages=9–19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, Shaw malitere ọrụ foto ọkachamara ya na New York City, na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ foto na ''Harper's Bazaar'', bụ ebe ọ bịara n'okpuru nduzi na onye nduzi nke onye nduzi nkà Alexey Brodovitch . &lt;ref name=&quot;PhAnn63&quot;/&gt; Site na 1946 ruo 1948, Shaw mere foto ejiji maka ''Harper's Bazaar'' wee malite inweta ndị ahịa mgbasa ozi.

Na 1949, Shaw lụrụ Geraldine &quot;Geri&quot; Trotta, bụ onye ọkachamara ejiji na onye edemede njem maka ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gụnyere &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwRw&quot;&gt;Mademoiselle&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; . Di na nwunye ahụ zụtara nkume brownstone n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke etiti Manhattan. Shaw guzobere ụlọ ọrụ foto ya n'ụlọ a na-ebu ibu n'azụ ụlọ ha. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt; Malite na 1951, Shaw nyere ihe oyiyi ejiji na ''Mademoiselle'' .

N'afọ 1952, Shaw ghọrọ onye na-ese foto na-akwụghị ụgwọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ''ndụ'' ma na-ahọrọ freelancing n'oge ọrụ ya niile ka o wee nwee ike ijide ikike nke ọrụ ya niile - ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọ nwere ike nweta ọbụna na ihe oyiyi ya kachasị ama. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt; Njikọ Trotta gbasakwuru ohere Mark na-enweta ndị ama ama na ndị ọha na eze, ọrụ ya gara n'ihu. Freelancing on over 100 assignments for ''Life'', Shaw na-ese foto ọtụtụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na ndị ọzọ na-eme ememme, ebe ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ foto ugboro ugboro na ụlọ ọrụ ejiji. Ọ bụ onye na-ese foto mbụ gosipụtara mkpokọta ejiji Paris azụ azụ na agba. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot; /&gt;

Na 1953, eleghị anya n'ihi ahụmahụ ejiji ya, e kenyere Shaw ka ọ na-ese foto na-eto eto Audrey Hepburn n'oge ihe nkiri nke Paramount's &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwWg&quot;&gt;Sabrina&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; . Evasive na mbụ, Hepburn nwere ntụsara ahụ na ọnụnọ Shaw n'ime izu abụọ ma nye ya ohere ịdekọ ọtụtụ oge na nzuzo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=How LIFE Gets the Story|author=Rayfield|first=Stanley|year=1955|publisher=Doubleday|location=Garden City, N.Y.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nke a na-emepụta ụfọdụ n'ime ihe oyiyi ya kacha mara amara, ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị mma emesịa furu efu ruo ọtụtụ afọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt; ''Ndụ'' bipụtara ọtụtụ n'ime foto ndị a na mbipụta December 7, 1953, nke bukwara mkpuchi Shaw nke Hepburn. 

Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị 1950s, ọrụ Shaw na-erute n'ọkwa ya. N'ime ndị ama ama ndị o sere foto bụ Brigitte Bardot, Cary Grant, Danny Kaye, Grace Kelly, Nico, Pablo Picasso, Yves St. Laurent, Elizabeth Taylor, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;shawweb&quot;/&gt; Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1957 Shaw gosipụtara onye mmebe ejiji Coco Chanel, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Jeanne Moreau, na ihe nlereanya Suzy Parker n'oge otu oge ịse na ụlọ Chanel's Paris na ụlọ ejiji. ''Ndụ'' bipụtara ọtụtụ foto ndị a na akụkọ na Chanel nke pụtara na mbipụta nke August 19, 1957 (nke bụkwa ụbọchị ọmụmụ Chanel). 

Na 1959, ''ndụ'' họọrọ Shaw ka ọ na-ese foto Jacqueline Kennedy mgbe di ya, Senator John F. Kennedy, na-agba ọsọ maka onyeisi oche.  Ọrụ a bụ mmalite nke mmekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide na-arụ ọrụ na ọbụbụenyi onwe onye na ndị Kennedys nke ga-emecha mee ka Shaw dị ka Kennedys' de facto &quot;onye na-ese foto ezinụlọ&quot;. Ọ gara leta ha na White House na Hyannisport ; n'oge a, o wepụtara foto ya ndị a ma ama, na-egosi di na nwunye ahụ na ụmụ ha na ma ndị ọchịchị na nke nkịtị. Na 1964, Shaw bipụtara nchịkọta ihe oyiyi ndị a n'akwụkwọ ya ''bụ John F. Kennedys: A Family Album'', bụ nke nwere ihe ịga nke ọma. &lt;ref name=&quot;shawweb&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Album&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=The John F. Kennedys: A Family Album|author=Shaw|first=Mark|year=2000|publisher=Rizzoli|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8478-2273-7|pages=7–13, 154}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Na 1960, Shaw na nwunye mbụ ya Geri Trotta gbara alụkwaghịm. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt; Ya na onye na-agụ egwú Pat Suzuki lụrụ na Maachị 28, 1960. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cIxKAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=3180,2787766&amp;dq=mark+shaw+photographer&amp;hl=en|title=Pat Suzuki Weds Photographer|date=March 29, 1960|work=The Press-Courier|page=3|accessdate=March 10, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ha mụrụ nwa nwoke, David, afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ma gbaa alụkwaghịm na February 1965. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PfpEAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7222,4568702&amp;dq=mark+shaw+pat+suzuki+david&amp;hl=en|title=Pat Enjoys Being a Girl But Not Singing The Song|date=January 28, 1964|work=The Evening Independent|pages=5–B|accessdate=March 10, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Lm9IAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=7238,1877549&amp;dq=mark+shaw+pat+suzuki+divorce&amp;hl=en|title=Pat Suzuki, Mark Shaw Divorced|date=February 15, 1965|work=The Milwaukee Sentinel|page=15|accessdate=March 10, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nketa ==
Mgbe Shaw nwụsịrị, ala ya, gụnyere nnukwu ọrụ foto ya, nyefere ndị nwunye ya mbụ. Na 1994, nwa Shaw David Shaw na nwunye ya Juliet Cuming weghaara njikwa ihe nketa foto Mark Shaw wee zụta òkè Geri Trotta nke mkpokọta ahụ. Na 1999, ha guzobere Mark Shaw Photographic Archive, na East Dummerston, Vermont, nke bụ ugbu a naanị onye nwe iwu nke ihe oyiyi Mark Shaw. &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt;

Tupu ịmalite Archive, David Shaw nwere ọrụ dị ka ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri vidio egwu, na Juliet Cuming na-eduzi vidiyo egwu (gụnyere White Zombie's &quot; Thunder Kiss '65 &quot;). Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ. Di na nwunye ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na-adịghị akwụ ụgwọ, [http://earthsweethome.com Earth Sweet Home], nke na-akwalite ụlọ na usoro nhazi na-adịgide adịgide . Ebe nchekwa ahụ n'onwe ya ka edobere n'ụdị ahịhịa ahịhịa nke ha wuru onwe ha na-agbaso ụkpụrụ na-adigide. A na-eji ikuku na ike anyanwụ na-arụ ụlọ ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;shawweb&quot;/&gt;

Na December 2005, ọnwa ole na ole mgbe Geri Trotta nwụsịrị, ihe ndị na-adịghị mma nke ogologo oge na-efu site na mpịakọta 60 nke ihe nkiri Mark Shaw gbagburu na 1953 ọrụ Audrey Hepburn na ebe obibi Trotta. E bipụtara nhọrọ ndị a na-achọpụtaghachi na 2009 n'akwụkwọ ''Charmed by Audrey: Life on the Set of Sabrina'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;Audrey&quot;/&gt;

== Na-arụ ọrụ ==

=== Foto ndị ama ama ===

* ''Jackie na Caroline n'akụkụ osimiri'', Hyannis Port, 1959. [http://www.monroegallery.com/photographers/detail/id/1191 Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery]
* ''JFK Ije ije na dunes'', Hyannis Port, 1959. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090818225037/http://www.monroegallery.com/detail.cfm?ID=342 Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery]
* ''Audrey Walking Away'', Beverly Hills, 1953. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090818225200/http://www.monroegallery.com/detail.cfm?ID=952 Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery]
* ''Audrey n'okpuru igwe nkụ ntutu'', Paramount Back Lot, 1953. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090818225145/http://www.monroegallery.com/detail.cfm?ID=949 Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery]
* ''Coco dị na Divan'', Paris, 1957. [http://www.svenskamobler.com/itemdetails.php?id=345322 Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery]
* ''Vanity Fair Butterfly Robe Arm Out'', New York, c. 1955. [http://www.svenskamobler.com/itemdetails.php?id=324295 Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery]
* ''Vanity Fair Sheer Gown'', New York, c. 1955. [http://www.svenskamobler.com/itemdetails.php?id=99045 Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery]
* ''Uwe ọcha nke nwere pearl'', Paris, 1954. [http://www.svenskamobler.com/itemdetails.php?id=371212 Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery]
* ''Henrietta Tiarks, onye Dutchess nke Bedford'', Palais Royale, Paris, 1959. [http://www.svenskamobler.com/itemdetails.php?id=129480 Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery]

* ''The John F. Kennedys: A Ezinụlọ Album'', Farrar, Straus, 1964.
* ''Onye Ozi Udo: Nleta nke Pope Paul VI na United States n’ihe gbasara Udo'', Ụlọ Atọ n’Ime Otu, 1965. (Onye nchịkọta akụkọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ foto.)
* ''The Catch na oriri'', Weybright na Talley, 1969. (Onye na-ese foto; ederede Joie McGrail na Bill McGrail dere. Akwụkwọ esi nri anụ ọhịa.)
* ''The John F. Kennedys: A Ezinụlọ Album'', Rizzoli, 2003.  . (Mbipụta gbasaara, gụnyere onyonyo ọhụrụ.)
* ''Audrey mara mma: Ndụ na Set nke Sabrina'', Palace Press, 2009. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-933784-87-8|978-1-933784-87-8]] . (Nke Juliet Cuming na David Taylor dere.)
* ''Dior Glamour: 1952-1962'', Rizzoli, 2010. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0847841851|978-0847841851]] . (Onye na-ese foto; ederede nke Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni)

== Ihe nrite ==

* Art Directors Club Awards na 1950, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, na 65 gụnyere ihe nrite ọla edo abụọ.
* 1957 Art Directors Club - Award of Distinctive Merit, Editorial Art (Magazine Covers) (maka mkpuchi ''ndụ'' nke Rosalind Russell, Nọvemba 12, 1956) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=36th Art Directors Annual - 1957|editor=Robert C. Atherton|year=1957|publisher=Farrar, Straus, Cudahy|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1957 Art Directors Club - Award of Distinctive Merit, Editorial Art (Na-abụghị akụkọ ifo - Agba abụọ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=36th Art Directors Annual - 1957|editor=Robert C. Atherton|year=1957|publisher=Farrar, Straus, Cudahy|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* American Television Commercial Festival ( Clio ) ihe nrite: Television/Cinema, Best, 1964: &quot;Night Ride&quot; mgbasa ozi maka Breck Shampoo (Onye nduzi, Igwefoto), ụlọ ọrụ Young &amp;amp;amp; Rubicam, New York. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.clioawards.com/archive/|title=CLIO Awards - CLIO Archive|year=2013|work=Archive entry 14381|publisher=Clio Awards|accessdate=23 March 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813191004/http://www.clioawards.com/archive/|archivedate=13 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* American Television Commercial Festival (Clio) award: Television/Cinema, Best, 1964: &quot;Ford agbanweela&quot; mgbasa ozi maka [[Ụlọ ọrụ Moto Ford|Ford Motor Company]] (Onye nduzi), J. Walter Thompson agency, New York. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.clioawards.com/archive/|title=CLIO Awards - CLIO Archive|year=2013|work=Archive entry 14370|publisher=Clio Awards|accessdate=23 March 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813191004/http://www.clioawards.com/archive/|archivedate=13 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* American Television Commercial Festival (Clio) award: Television/Cinema, Best, 1967: &quot;Okwu na Akwụkwọ&quot; mgbasa ozi maka IBM typewriter (Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta), ụlọ ọrụ Benton &amp;amp;amp; Bowles, New York. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.clioawards.com/archive/|title=CLIO Awards - CLIO Archive|year=2013|work=Archive entry 14067|publisher=Clio Awards|accessdate=23 March 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813191004/http://www.clioawards.com/archive/|archivedate=13 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://markshawphoto.com Saịtị gọọmentị]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120911134522/http://andrewwildergallery.com/ Andrew Wilder Gallery - Mark Shaw Foto] (Eji, onye ama ama na eserese ezinụlọ Kennedy site na Shaw)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101028194933/http://www.monroegallery.com/display.cfm?id=64 Monroe Gallery of Photography: Kennedy ezinụlọ na ihe onyonyo ama ama nke Shaw]
* [http://www.mptvimages.com/cgi-bin/imageFolio.cgi?search=mark%20shaw&amp;img=832&amp;cat=Licensed/Non-Restricted&amp;bool=and mptvimages.com - Kọntaktị na-enye ikike na mmekọrịta maka onyonyo Mark Shaw]
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{{Databox}}'''Tomasyn Hayes''' (amuru Jenụwarị 2, 1997), makwaara dị ka '''LustSickPuppy''' (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eme ya dị ka '''Lust$ickPuppy''' ), bụ onye America rapper, onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ese ihe na ihe nlere anya. Ha mpụta mbụ gbatịrị egwuregwu, ''Cosmic Brownie'', ka ewepụtara na 2020, na EP nke abụọ ha, ''Dị ka ike siri ike'', ka ewepụtara na 2022.

== Ndụ na ọrụ ==
Tomasyn Hayes &lt;ref name=&quot;DazedGM&quot; /&gt; mụrụ na Jenụwarị 2, 1997  &lt;ref name=&quot;Fashion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Date|first=Isabel Slone|title=How Mutant Alien Cyborg Beauty is Challenging What it Means to be Human|url=https://fashionmagazine.com/style/alien-cyborg-beauty/|work=[[Fashion (magazine)|Fashion]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=May 28, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Crown Heights, Brooklyn, ebe zụlitekwara ha. Mgbe ha bụ nwata, ha na-ede rap ma na-aga rap cyphers . Hayes akọwaala onwe ha n'oge ntorobịa ha dị ka &quot;nwatakịrị ịnyịnya ibu na-eto eto ngwa ngwa&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Paper&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Moran|first=Justin|title=LustSickPuppy: A 'Shape-Shifting Sex Canine From Outer Space'|url=https://www.papermag.com/lustsickpuppy-cosmic-brownie-interview|work=[[Paper (magazine)|Paper]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=August 30, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ na-akụzi etemeete prosthetic na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Hayes malitere ịrụ ọrụ ọkachamara dị ka onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe na 2017, na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka ihe nlereanya. &lt;ref name=&quot;Vogue&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Okwodu|first=Janelle|title=These Wonderfully Weird Instagram Artists Are Totally Mesmerizing|url=https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/new-generation-performance-artists-transforming-beauty-fashion-instagram|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=February 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;DazedMUA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Crooked|first=Emily|title=Tomasyn Hayes is the MUA leading the next generation of beauty hellraisers|url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/beauty/article/43326/1/tomasyn-hayes-mua-beauty-hellraisers-community|work=Dazed|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=February 16, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Moen|first=Matt|title=QUALIATIK's Creatures Come to Life in 'Mother Tongue'|url=https://www.papermag.com/qualiatik-mother-tongue#rebelltitem26|work=[[Paper (magazine)|Paper]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=May 31, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hayes weputara otu mpụta mbụ ha &quot;Goatmeal&quot; yana vidiyo egwu na-eso ya na Mee 2020, bụ nke butere egwuregwu mpụta mbụ ha, ''Cosmic Brownie'', ewepụtara na June 1, 2020. &lt;ref name=&quot;DazedGM&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Peters|first=Alex|title=Watch Lustsick Puppy transform into an OAP gone wild in 'Goatmeal' video|url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/beauty/article/49250/1/watch-lustsick-puppy-transform-into-an-oap-gone-wild-in-goatmeal-video|work=Dazed|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=May 15, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; E wepụtara otu ha &quot;BustDuster&quot; na Julaị 2021. &lt;ref name=&quot;Flood&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Farrell|first=Margaret|title=Lust$ickPuppy Gifts Us with More Hypnotic Chaos on 'BustDuster'|url=https://floodmagazine.com/90334/watch-lustickpuppy-bustduster/|work=Flood|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=July 1, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 2022, ha na-eme njem dị ka ihe mmeghe, nke mbụ maka Dorian Electra na mgbe e mesịrị maka Machine Girl, ma wepụta EP nke abụọ ha, ''dị ka ike siri ike'' . &lt;ref name=&quot;CR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Caporale|first=Micco|title=LustSickPuppy will sever you from the everyday with their feral, alien party music|url=https://chicagoreader.com/music/lustsickpuppy-feral-alien/|work=[[Chicago Reader]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=July 3, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na Machị 2024 ha kwuputara album studio izizi ha ''CAROUSEL FROM HELL'', nke ewepụtara na Eprel 26 nke otu afọ.

== Artist ==
Maka ''Vogue'', Janelle Okwodu kọwara nka Hayes dị ka &quot;na-akpali akpali, mgbagwoju anya, na ọgba aghara&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Vogue&quot;/&gt; Hayes kwadoro aha ogbo ha na aha njirimara Instagram ha, nke ha tinyere &quot;enweghị ezi echiche&quot; ruo mgbe ha malitere ịme egwu. Ha akọwala egwu ha dị ka &quot;ụdị mara mma nke na-enweghị&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Paper&quot;/&gt; Ha na-eyikarị agba ihu ọchị ma ọ bụ Juggalo sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ ka ha na-eme ihe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Rex|first=Hatti|title=Why clown make-up is the latest beauty trend|url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/beauty/article/42320/1/why-clown-make-up-is-the-latest-beauty-trend|work=[[Dazed (magazine)|Dazed]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=November 23, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Lauffenburger|first=Rebecca|title=Burning the Midnight Oil at A2B2's Night of Fire|url=https://www.ringtonemag.com/articles/burning-the-midnight-oil-at-a2b2s-night-of-fire|work=Ringtone|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=January 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Raphael Helfand nke ''The Fader'' kọwara egwu ha dị ka &quot;nchịkọta egwu na-agbawa agbawa na mgbawa, ụda olu na-adịghị mma&quot; ma kọwapụta &quot;onye mmekọ nwoke na nwanyị-canine&quot; dị ka ndị nwere &quot;akụkọ ifo nke onwe&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;TheFader1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Helfand|first=Raphael|title=Song You Need: LustSickPuppy reclaims their iconography|url=https://www.thefader.com/2022/08/29/song-you-need-lustsickpuppy-reclaims-her-iconography|work=[[The Fader]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=August 29, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;FaderFF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Helfand|first=Raphael|title=Song You Need: LustSickPuppy wants to eat you whole|url=https://www.thefader.com/2022/10/17/song-you-need-lustsickpuppy-feeding-frenzy|work=The Fader|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=October 17, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maka ''onye na-agụ Chicago'', Micco Caporale kọwara egwu ha dị ka &quot;alụmdi na nwunye zuru oke n'etiti ụmụaka na-adịghị mma na àgwà Juggalo&quot; nke nwere akụkụ nke breakcore, [[Hip hop music|hip hop]], na nu metal . &lt;ref name=&quot;CR&quot;/&gt; Egwu ha na-abụkarị techno punk ma nweekwa ihe nke igwe dị arọ na egwu eletrọnịkị . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=MacRae|first=Meghan|title=Experience the Techno Punk Terror of LUSTSICKPUPPY|url=https://cvltnation.com/experience-the-techno-punk-terror-of-lustsickpuppy/|work=[[CVLT Nation]]|accessdate=January 11, 2024|date=November 10, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Flood&quot;/&gt; Ha akpọtụla Missy Elliott dịka mmetụta na egwu ha na onyonyo ha. &lt;ref name=&quot;Metal&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Gorman-Buckley|first=Isobel|title=LustSickPuppy: Unhinged, Feral Bliss|url=https://metalmagazine.eu/post/lustsickpuppy|work=Metal|accessdate=January 11, 2024|archivedate=January 11, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111035426/https://metalmagazine.eu/post/lustsickpuppy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Hayes abụghị ọnụọgụ abụọ, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2024-01-18|title=TikTok - Make Your Day|url=https://www.tiktok.com/@lustsickpuppy/video/7303974311990267178?is_from_webapp=1&amp;sender_device=pc&amp;web_id=7325247626009560608|accessdate=2024-06-03|work=web.archive.org|archivedate=2024-01-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118014522/https://www.tiktok.com/@lustsickpuppy/video/7303974311990267178?is_from_webapp=1&amp;sender_device=pc&amp;web_id=7325247626009560608}}&lt;/ref&gt; na-eji ha/ha nnọchiaha. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=TikTok - Make Your Day|url=https://www.tiktok.com/@lustsickpuppy?lang=en|accessdate=2024-06-03|work=www.tiktok.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe ngosi ==

=== Ejije gbatịrị agbatị ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Ndepụta egwu agbatịla, nwere ụbọchị mwepụta na akara egosiri
! rowspan=&quot;1&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Aha
! rowspan=&quot;1&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nkọwa
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''Cosmic Brownie''
|
* Ewepụtara: June 1, 2020
* Label: Ewepụtara onwe ya
* Usoro: Nbudata dijitalụ, nkwanye ugwu
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | ''Dị ike dị ka ị nwere ike''
|
* Ewepụtara: Jenụwarị 21, 2022
* Label: Ewepụtara onwe ya
* Ụdị: Nbudata dijitalụ, nkwanye
|}

=== Ndị na-alụbeghị di ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Ndepụta ndị alụbeghị di dị ka onye na-ese ihe nwere aha, afọ na ọba
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:15em;&quot; | Aha
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Afọ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Album
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Nri ewu&quot;
| 2020
| ''Cosmic Brownie''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (with Bonnie Baxter)
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2021| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; {{N/A|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Bustduster&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Ego Bruiser&quot;
| ''Dị ike dị ka ị nwere ike''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;nwere ike B&quot;
| 2022| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; {{N/A|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Gaa ya&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; (with Nwa nwanyi igwe )
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2023
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Kọkịta&quot;
|}

=== Ngosipụta ndị ọbịa ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:9em;&quot; |Aha
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Afọ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Onye omenkà
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Album
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Anụ ọhịa&quot;
| 2020
| Nwanyị igwe, Rafia
| ''U-Void Synthesizer''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Amnesia&quot;
| 2021
| Njem ọnwụ, Ghoulavelii, Kamiyada+, Prxjek, WhoKilledXIX
| ''Ụjọ na-atụ?'' ''(0.5)''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; | &quot;Ndị crawler na-akpụ akpụ&quot;
| 2023
| Trip Jones, Loko Los
| ''Oge Gladiator, Vol.'' ''3''
|}

== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Òtù:Articles with hCards]]
[[Òtù:Short description is different from Wikidata]]
[[Òtù:Articles with short description]]</text>
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 [[File:Paris2024 - Triathlon - 22 - Kenji Nener.jpg|thumb|Kenji Nener]]

'''Kenji Nener''' (ニナー 賢治, amụrụ 26 Mee 1993) bụ onye egwuregwu atọ nke Japan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/144723|title=Kenji Nener|work=Olympedia|accessdate=26 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara asọmpi n'egwuregwu ụmụ nwoke na asọmpi Summer Summer 2020 nke emere na Tokyo, Japan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/triathlon/results-men-s-individual-fnl-000100-.htm|title=Triathlon - Results|work=Tokyo 2020|accessdate=26 July 2021|archivedate=28 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728161613/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/triathlon/results-men-s-individual-fnl-000100-.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ zọkwara asọmpi n'asọmpị agbagharị agbagharị . &lt;ref name=&quot;triathlon_mixed_relay_summer_olympics_2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mixed Relay Results|url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/TRI/OG2020-_TRI_C73C_TRIXTEAM4-------------FNL-000100--.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802215026/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/resOG2020-/pdf/OG2020-/TRI/OG2020-_TRI_C73C_TRIXTEAM4-------------FNL-000100--.pdf|archivedate=2 August 2021|accessdate=3 August 2021|work=2020 Summer Olympics}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mụrụ Nener na Australia site na nna Australia na nne Japan.  Ọ nọchitere anya obodo amụrụ ya na mbụ, mana ọ gbanwere nkwenye mgbe e nyere ya ikike ịbụ nwa amaala Japan na 2021.  Nener na-asọ mpi Super League Triathlon . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Kenji Nener » Super League Triathlon|url=https://superleaguetriathlon.com/athlete/kenji-nener/|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=Super League Triathlon|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma Nener na asọmpi Super League bịara na 2022, mgbe ọ gụchara 3rd na SLT Toulouse, ihe omume Super League mbụ na France. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Powell|first=Megan|date=2022-10-02|title=HAYDEN WILDE STRIKES IN TOULOUSE|url=https://superleaguetriathlon.com/hayden-wilde-strikes-in-toulouse/|accessdate=2022-10-06|work=Super League Triathlon|language=en-GB|archivedate=2022-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006084124/https://superleaguetriathlon.com/hayden-wilde-strikes-in-toulouse/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

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    <title>Marten Van Riel</title>
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 [[File:Marten Van Riel - 2018 European Triathlon Championships (men's triathlon, podium).jpg|thumb|Marten Van Riel]]

'''Marten Van Riel''' (amuru 15 Disemba 1992) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.martenvanriel.com/bio.html#|title=Official website Marten Van Riel|accessdate=1 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901201913/http://www.martenvanriel.com/bio.html#|archivedate=1 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; bu onye okacha amara nke Belgium.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Van Riel na Loenhout, Antwerp . Ọ gbara asọmpi na mmemme ụmụ nwoke na asọmpi Olimpik Summer 2016 . &lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/marten-van-riel|title=Marten Van Riel|accessdate=18 August 2016|work=Rio 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818101336/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/marten-van-riel#|archivedate=18 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ kwụsịrị nke isii. Na 2018, o meriri ihe nrite ọla na 2018 European Triathlon Championship n'ime mmadụ n'otu n'otu na mmemme ịgbagharị otu egwuregwu. Ọ gbara asọmpi na Triathlon na 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games wee mechaa 4th.

N'afọ 2019, ọ meriri ihe nrite ọla ọcha na triathlon ụmụ nwoke na egwuregwu ụwa ndị agha 2019 emere na Wuhan, China. &lt;ref name=&quot;results_book_military_world_games_2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Results Book|url=https://results.wuhan2019mwg.cn/file/RESULTS-7th%20CISM%20Military%20World%20Games-%E6%80%BB%E6%88%90%E7%BB%A9%E5%86%8C.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112134942/https://results.wuhan2019mwg.cn/file/RESULTS-7th%20CISM%20Military%20World%20Games-%E6%80%BB%E6%88%90%E7%BB%A9%E5%86%8C.pdf|archivedate=12 November 2019|accessdate=18 July 2020|work=2019 Military World Games}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Van Riel sokwa na Super League Triathlon . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marten Van Riel » Super League Triathlon|url=https://superleaguetriathlon.com/athlete/marten-van-riel/|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=Super League Triathlon|language=en-GB|archivedate=29 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929035941/https://superleaguetriathlon.com/athlete/marten-van-riel/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ meriri abụọ n'ọsọ egwuregwu Super League Triathlon Arena na 2021. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=18 April 2021|title=Marten Van Riel Defends Crown To Secure SLT Arena Games Double|url=https://superleaguetriathlon.com/races/arena-games/marten-van-riel-defends-crown-to-secure-slt-arena-games-double/|accessdate=31 January 2022|work=Super League Triathlon|language=en-GB|archivedate=27 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927115317/https://superleaguetriathlon.com/races/arena-games/marten-van-riel-defends-crown-to-secure-slt-arena-games-double/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Machị 2022, Marten Van Riel meriri Ironman 70.3 na Dubai. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 June 2022|title=Results - IRONMAN 70.3 Dubai|url=https://www.ironman.com/im703-dubai-results|accessdate=15 June 2022|work=Ironman|language=en-US|archivedate=20 June 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620194622/https://www.ironman.com/im703-dubai-results}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ mezuru asọmpi ahụ na 3h27'40. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=31 March 2022|title=Marten Van Riel - How is he training?|url=https://prosworkout.com/marten-van-riel/|accessdate=31 March 2022|work=ProsWorkout|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

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    <title>Mandy Parnell</title>
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'''Mandy Parnell''' bụ onye injinia na-ahụ maka ọdịyo na Britain, onye guzobere ya na onye injinịa na-ahụkarị na Black Saloon Studios di na obodo [[London]], England. Parnell arụwo ọrụ na ọrụ dị iche iche nke ndị omenkà gụnyere Aphex Twin, The XX, Feist, Sigur Ros, [[Björk|Bjork]], The Knife, Frightened Rabbit na Brian Eno.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpg.org.uk/news/mandy-parnell-goes-green/|title=Mandy Parnell Goes Green|author=|first=|date=14 May 2014|work=Music Producers Guild|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2016|quote=wide variety of artist including The XX, Feist, Sigur Ros, Bjork, The Knife, Frightened Rabbit, Brian Eno}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Mandy Parnell gụrụ egwu na teknụzụ egwu n'oge niile ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, kọleji na mahadum, ọzụzụ na ịrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ, ruo mgbe ọ nwetara ọrụ nkuzi na ụlọ ọrụ mastering ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ ya n'ọkwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.blacksaloonstudios.com/about/|title=About|author=|first=|date=|work=BlackSaloon|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2016|quote=studied music and music technology through her school, college and university years, training and working in recording studios until landing an internship at a mastering studio, where she worked her way up through the ranks.|archivedate=1 January 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101004909/http://www.blacksaloonstudios.com/about/}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere ihe karịrị afọ iri abuo na ise nke ahụmịhe, na ọrụ ya a na-ahọpụta ma nye ya ọtụtụ ihe nrite gụnyere Onyinye nke Grammy ya na Onyinye injinia nke ukwu afọ 2015 na onyinye onye emepụta egwu ama dika Music Producers Guild (MPG) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.m-magazine.co.uk/genres/pop-genres/interview-mandy-parnell/|title=Interview: Mandy Parnell|author=|first=|date=3 March 2015|work=M-Magazine|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2016|quote=with her work being nominated and awarded numerous prizes including a Grammy and, most recently, the gong for Mastering Engineer of the Year 2015 at the MPG Awards|archivedate=20 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220192226/http://www.m-magazine.co.uk/genres/pop-genres/interview-mandy-parnell/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mandy Parnell bụ onye otu na-arụsi ọrụ ike nke  Audio Engineering Society (AES), ma kụzie banyere ima nke ukwu na mgbakọ AES mba ụwa na Los Angeles, Paris, New York na UK. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aes.org/events/135/presenters/?ID=1442|title=AES New York 2013|author=|first=|date=|work=Audio Engineering Society|publisher=|accessdate=18 December 2016|quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aes.org/events/141/presenters/?ID=5422|title=AES Los Angeles 2016|author=|first=|date=|work=Audio Engineering Society|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2016|quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.aes-uk.org/up/|title='Up our Output 2016'|author=|first=|date=|work=|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2016|quote=|archivedate=20 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220154420/http://www.aes-uk.org/up/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye na nhọpụta ==

* Ndepụta dị mkpirikpi, Mastering Engineer of the Year, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpg.org.uk/mpg-awards/2014-short-lists/|title=2014 Short Lists|author=|first=|date=|work=Music Producers Guild|publisher=MPG|accessdate=|quote=Mastering Engineer of the Year}}&lt;/ref&gt; MPG Awards 2014.
* Onye mmeri, Mastering Engineer of the Year,  MPG Awards 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpg.org.uk/news/mpg-awards-event-2015-the-winners/|title=MPG Awards event 2015 - the winners!|author=|first=|date=13 February 2015|work=Music Producers Guild|publisher=MPG|accessdate=18 December 2016|quote=Mastering Engineer of the Year}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ndepụta dị mkpirikpi, Mastering Engineer of the Year (Jamie xx: In Colour),  MPG Awards 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpg.org.uk/news/short-lists-mpg-awards-2016/|title=MPG NEWS|author=|first=|date=8 November 2015|work=Music Producers Guild|publisher=MPG|accessdate=18 December 2016|quote=Mastering Engineer Of The Year}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
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[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Mnguember Vicky Sylvester</title>
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      <text bytes="5827" sha1="4593mnnp8qk6oa0g9kde7z54yyunlpm" xml:space="preserve">[[Faịlụ:Prof.Mnguember Vicky Sylvester.jpg|thumb|Born December 9, 1960, is a Nigerian academic, author, and a Professor of Literature at the University of Abuja.]]
'''Mnguember Vicky Sylvester''' (amuru Disemba 9, 1960) bu nwa akwukwo Naijiria, odee, na Prọfesọ nke akwukwo na [[Mahadum Abuja]]. 

==Ndụ Mbụ na Mmụta==
A mụrụ Mnguember na Disemba 9, 1960 na Gboko, Benue State.  A zụlitere ya na [[Jos]], [[Plateau State]], ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị.  Ọ gakwara na [[University of Jos]], wee gụchaa na B.A.  na bekee, nke so ya [[National Youth Service Corps]] na Ibadan.  Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gara n'ihu nweta akara ugo mmụta na akwụkwọ na [[Bayero University Kano]], na Ph.D na [[African Literature]] na Jos.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mnguember Vicky Sylvester|url=https://nalonline.org.ng/mnguember-vicky-sylvester/ | nweta-date=2024-05-29 | webụsaịtị = Nigeria Academy of Letters|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Mnguember jere ozi dị ka onye nkuzi nnyemaaka na [[Department of English]] na [[Mahadum Abuja]] site na 1995 ruo 1998. Site na 1998 ruo 2002, ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi zuru oke, ma mechaa bụrụ [[Associate Professor|Associate  Prọfesọ]] na 2005, nke ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ atọ tupu ebuli ya dị ka Prọfesọ nke akwụkwọ na 2008. Akụziri  na Advanced Teachers College (ATC), [[Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]],  Kano, Mahadum Jos (nwa oge) dịka onye enyemaka [[onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ | Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ]]  Onye nkuzi II na Mahadum Abuja 1995. O tinyere aka na mmemme ọzụzụ ọzụzụ na mmemme ọzụzụ nkuzi na [[British Council] na Abuja na Lagos.{{cn}}
==Mbipụta==
'''Akwụkwọ na edemede'''
* '' Zuma Rock na abụ ndị ọzọ'' (University of Jos Press, 1997)
* ''The Cabals and the Naked Dance'' (2015)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | ikpeazụ=Sylvester |first=Mnguember Vicky |title=The Cabals and the Naked Dance: ( Short Story ) eBook : Sylvester, Mnguember Vicky  : Amazon.in: Kindle Store | webụsaịtị = Amazon.in | ụbọchị = 19 Nọvemba 2015  |url=https://www.amazon.in/Cabals-Naked-Dance-Short-Stories-ebook/dp/B0793QLQYW/ | nweta-date=17 Mee 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Ogologo Onyunyo''(2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | ikpeazụ=III |first=Admin |title=Onyunyo ogologo: Nlebanya |webụsaịtị=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |ụbọchị =19 Mee 2015 |url=https://blueprint.ng/long-shadows-a-review-2/|asụsụ = en-US|ohere-ụbọchị = 17 Mee  2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | ikpeazụ=Aliyu |first=Moshood |title=N’onyinyo ogologo, nkwughachi nke ọgba aghara Tiv nọgidere na-awụ akpata oyi n’ahụ́ |website=The Guardian Nigeria News&amp;nbsp;— Nigeria and World News | ụbọchị  = 3 Febrụwarị 2015  |url=https://guardian.ng/art/c74-arts/in-long-shadows-echo-of-tiv-uprising-keeps-pulsating/ |access-date=17 Mee 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Na-ewere Odia nke ọma: nsọpụrụ nye onye na-ede uri, nke [[Reuben Abati]] bipụtara na thisdaylive.com. Ekwuru na paragraf nke 6&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iji Odia Kwuonụ: Sọpụrụ Nye Onye Na-ede uri&amp;nbsp;— THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2023/10/03/taking- odia-seriously-honour-to-the-poet|access-date=11 Mee 2024  |website=www.thisdaylive.com |asụsụ=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Echiche na-apụta na [[Abubakar Gimba]] (2014)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/11413841|title=Echiche na-apụta na Abubakar Gimba |ụbọchị=2014 |onye mbipụta  =Malthouse Press Limited |isbn=978-978-51932-2-0  |editor-last=Sylvester |editor-first=Mnguember Vicky |usoro=ọrụ dị egwu Malthouse |location=Lagos}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Naijiria (edemede)
* [[Ikike ụmụ nwanyị | ikike ụmụ nwanyị]] bụ [[Human Rights | Human Rights]] 
* Echiche dị egwu na [[Odia Ofeimun]] 
* Ọmụmụ na Udo na Mkpebi Ọgbaghara
* Ihe Otiti nke Ọtụtụ Agba 
* [[Globalization]], Asụsụ, [[Akwụkwọ]] na [[Culture]] 2024
* Is in my honor Ed by Amen Uhunmgwangho et al.

==Ihe Nketa na Ihe Nrite==
A matala Mnguember maka ntinye aka ya dịka onye nkuzi.  Ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ ogo Benue steeti (BEQA) kere 'Prọfesọ Mnguember Vicky Sylvester Short Story Prize' na February 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ikpeazụ=Kanu |first=Peace Piak |date=13 February 2024 |title=Omenala Ọgụgụ: Benue ga-eme mmemme akwụkwọ na nka |url=https://von.gov.ng/reading-culture-benue-to-hold-book-and-arts-festival/ |access-date=11 Mee 2024 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en-  US |accessdate=9 December 2024 |archivedate=23 January 2025 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123073255/https://von.gov.ng/reading-culture-benue-to-hold-book-and-arts-festival/ }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụkwa onye otu [[Nigerian Academy of Letters]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=11 Ọgọst 2021  |title=22ND NA 23RD JIKỌRỌ NKỌTA, NKWUKWU NKE NDỊ ONYE NA achụmnta ego ọhụrụ |url=https://nalonline.org.ng/nigerian-academy-of-letters-22nd-and-23rd-combined-convocation-induction-  nke-otu-na-itinye ego-nke-ohu-ibe/  |access-date=11 Mee 2024 |website=Ụlọ akwụkwọ ozi Naijiria |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ndepụta==
* Benue State Education Quality Assurance Agency (BEQA) Legacy Award for Prof. Mnguember Vicky Sylvester Short Story Prize (2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mnguember |first=Vicky Sylvester |date=15 February 2024 |title=BEQA  Ụlọ ọrụ ihe nrite okike  |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/beqa-institutes-creativity-prizes/ |journal=Akụkọ Mba |via= Mba}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Asọpụrụ dịka onye otu, [[Association of Nigerian Authors]] (ANA)
* Edepụtara dị ka otu n'ime [[Panel of Judges|Panels of Judges]] (akwụkwọ ụmụaka) maka NLNG Prize for Literature, 2024.

==Njikọ Mpuga==
 {{Reflist}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Mnguember, Vicky Sylvester}}

[[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị]]</text>
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Louisa Hanoune (Arabic: لويزة حنون; amuru 7 Eprel 1954) bu onye isi otu ndi oru ndi Algeria (Parti des Travailleurs, PT). Na 2004, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ gbara ọsọ maka Onye isi ala Algeria. A tụrụ Hanoune n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ọtụtụ ugboro site na gọọmenti tupu e nwee ikike nke ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1988. A tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ sonyeere Trotskyist Social Workers Organisation, otu iwu na-akwadoghị, na 1981 na ọzọ mgbe 1988 October Riots gasịrị, bụ nke wetara njedebe nke National Liberation Front's (FLN) ọchịchị otu òtù. N'oge agha obodo Algeria nke 1990s, Hanoune bụ otu n'ime olu mmegide ole na ole na nzuko omeiwu, na, n'agbanyeghị ụkpụrụ ndị pati ya, onye mmegide siri ike nke gọọmentị &quot;mkpochapụ&quot; amụma n'ebe ndị Alakụba nọ. Na Jenụwarị 1995, ọ bịanyere aka na Sant'Egidio Platform yana ndị nnọchi anya pati ndị mmegide ndị ọzọ, ọkachasị Islamic Salvation Front, otu radical Islamist nke nchụsa ya site n'iwu agha butere mmalite nke agha obodo.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ Hanoune na Chekfa, Jijel Province. Nne na nna ya bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo ugwu si Chekfa, Jijel Province, ya na ezinụlọ ya gbagara n'obodo Annaba, mgbe Ndị agha France tụrụ ụlọ nne na nna ya bọmbụ n'oge Agha Algeria (1954-1962). Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ n'ezinụlọ ya gara ụlọ akwụkwọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Historical dictionary of women in the Middle East and North Africa|author=Hashem.|first=Talhami, Ghada|date=2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810870864|location=Lanham, Md.|oclc=830424539}}&lt;/ref&gt; Site na Usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'efu na nke iwu kwadoro na Algeria, Hanoune gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị wee gaa n'ihu nweta nzere bachelọ ya tupu ọ banye na ngalaba ụgbọ elu. Hanoune gụrụ akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum nke Annaba, mkpebi nke nna ya megidere. O kwuru na &quot;Ọ bụ ikike agụmakwụkwọ a ga-agbanwe ọnọdụ ahụ kpamkpam, nnọchiteanya nke ụmụ nwanyị na obodo anyị na nke m bụ akụkụ ya&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.peacewomen.org/profile/country-region-profile-algeria|title=Country / Region profile of: Algeria|date=2014-12-11|work=PeaceWomen|language=en|accessdate=2019-02-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Òtù Ndị Ọrụ ==
Mgbe ọgba aghara nke afọ 1988 gasịrị, Algeria nabatara usoro dị iche iche na 1989 nke mere ka Hanoune nwee ike iguzobe ndị ọrụ. E hiwere ya na 1990 site n'akwụkwọ nke Socialist Workers Organization. Isi okwu ha na-emetụta ọgụ nke ndị ọrụ ma ọ bụ &quot;ndị a na-erigbu&quot; na ndị nwe ma ọ bụ 'ndị mmegbu'. Ọ bụ òtù nwere onwe ya nke na-akwado òtù mba Algeria. Hanoune abụwo onye ndú na ọnụ na-ekwuchitere pati ahụ kemgbe e bidoro ya ma họpụta ya ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke pati ahụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2005. N'afọ 2007, e nwere òtù iri abụọ na atọ na-asọ mpi ntuli aka na Algeria.

A maara ya maka ịkatọ mgbasa nke Islamic Salvation Front, na-ekwu okwu n'ezoghị ọnụ na-akwado ime udo, na - ya na ndị ọzọ - ịbịanye aka na ikpo okwu Sant'Egidio &quot;maka ngwọta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka nsogbu Algeria&quot;. N'oge Algeria nweere onwe ya ọhụrụ, Hanoune guzobere echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya: &quot;Mba ahụ dum ka na-esi n'agha nke nnwere onwe, onye ọ bụla na-ekwu maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, ikpe ziri ezi, ọganihu. Algeria nọ n'elu agha ya na-emegide Ndị Palestine... anyị jikọtara onwe anyị kpamkpam, Ihe kpatara ya bụkwa nke anyị. Anyị na-emegidoro ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa, anyị na-ekwu banyere Vietnam, etolite m dị ka ọgbọ m niile n'ọnọdụ agha a, nke ọgụ&quot;.

== Mgbasa ozi maka onye isi ala ==
Nzukọ iwu kwadoro atụmatụ mbụ nke Hanounes maka ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 1999.

Na Ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 2004 ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala n'Ụwa ndị Arab niile. Naanị mmadụ isii ka kansụl iwu kwadoro.

Hanoune bụ otu n'ime mmadụ iri na otu họpụtara  maka Ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 2009. Ikpo okwu ya gụnyere ịgbachitere ụkpụrụ nke ọbụbụeze mba na ịkatọ iwu nke nnwere onwe na nkeonwe nke ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze. Ọ meriri 4.22% nke votu, na-abịa nke abụọ n'ime mmadụ isii, dịka Onye isi ala Abdelaziz Bouteflika meriri oge nke atọ na 90.24% nke votu a tụbara na ntuli aka nke a katọrọ dị ka aghụghọ.

N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2024, Louisa Hanoune kwupụtara iwepụ ya na ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ma katọọ &quot;ọnọdụ na-ezighị ezi&quot; nke mkpọsa ahụ na-ewere ọnọdụ. Na-ebo ọchịchị Algeria ebubo na ha na-ezube iwepu ya ma gbochie nnwere onwe na-enweghị nkọwa ndị ahụ, Hanoune katọrọ National Independent Authority for Elections maka ọdịda ya ijikwa usoro nchịkọta mbinye aka. O kwuru na ndị ọrụ obodo enweghị ngwá ọrụ na egwu.&lt;ref name=&quot;o465&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=الجزائر: زعيمة حزب العمال لويزة حنون تسحب ترشحها وتقاطع الانتخابات الرئاسية|work=فرانس 24 / France 24|date=2024-07-13|url=https://www.france24.com/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/20240713-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AD%D9%87%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9|language=ar|accessdate=2024-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;r289&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=برس|first=فرانس|title=&quot;معلومات خطيرة&quot; تدفع زعيمة حزب العمال الجزائري للانسحاب من الانتخابات الرئاسية|work=الحرة|date=2024-07-13|url=https://www.alhurra.com/algeria/2024/07/13/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%B9-%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9|language=ar|accessdate=2024-07-15|archivedate=2024-07-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715082328/https://www.alhurra.com/algeria/2024/07/13/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%B9-%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe omume ndị ọzọ ==
Na mba ụwa, Hanoune bụ onye guzobere International Workers and Peoples na Jenụwarị 1991. O sonyere dị ka onye nnọchi anya nzukọ PT megide nkeonwe na maka ịgbachitere òtù ndị ọrụ ma mee mkpọsa maka ụkpụrụ ebe ọrụ. Ọ bụ onye otu kọmitii nke ndị ọrụ nwanyị na nke Kọmitii Africa nke ndị ọrụ mba ụwa. O sonyere n'òtù ndị otu ọrụ na-ekwu okwu megide agha na Iraq, gụnyere International Confederation of Arab Trade Unions na International Confederasion of Workers (EIT).

N'ọnwa Machị afọ 2010, Hanoune sonyeere ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru ụmụ nwanyị n'ịkpọ oku ka a kagbuo Iwu Ezinụlọ Algeria n'ihi enweghị ike inye ụmụ nwanyị nchebe zuru oke.

N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2011, ọ katọrọ ngagharị iwe nke 12 Febụwarụ megide Bouteflika na Algiers dị ka njikwa ọha na eze - &quot;na-anwa ịchịkwa enweghị afọ ojuju ọha na eze, nke bụ eziokwu, iji mee ka ọ ghara ịrụ ọrụ nke imperialism&quot; - ma nye iwu&lt;blockquote&gt;nkwụsịtụ dị ọcha na European Union, mwepụ nke nkwenye niile e nyere World Trade Organization (WTO), na [a] nloghachi na ọbụbụeze akụ na ụba zuru oke.&lt;/blockquote&gt;O kwuru na onye bụbu praịm minista na onye ndụmọdụ International Monetary Fund / World Bank Ahmed Benbitour kwadoro ngagharị iwe ahụ. Ozi nchịkọta akụkọ ya kpọrọ &quot;ndị na-eme ihe, ndị otu na ndị na-akwado ya ka ha guzobe kọmitii ndị a ma ama ... iji guzobe ihe ha chọrọ site na mkparịta ụka n'efu, na [ịgbasa] naanị mba, ngwọta Algeria&quot;.

N'ọnwa Septemba 2019, a tụrụ Hanoune mkpọrọ maka ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site n'aka ọchịchị ndị agha Algeria nke na-anọ n'oge ahụ. Na mbido afọ 2020, mgbe ikpe mkpegharị ikpe gasịrị, e belatara ikpe ya ma enwere onwe ya ugbu a.

== Edemsibia ==

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[[Faịlụ:Tiard_Marcelle_188_VIII._Universala_Kongreso_Esperantista_–_Albumo_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Marcelle Tiard]]
Marcelle Tiard (June 18, 1861 - Jun 1, 1932) bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ French..

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Marcelle Tiard na June 18, 1861 na Paris.&lt;ref name=&quot;2:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Enciklopedio de Esperanto (T)|url=http://www.eventoj.hu/steb/gxenerala_naturscienco/enciklopedio-1/encikl-t.htm|work=www.eventoj.hu|accessdate=26 January 2023|language=eo}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Faịlụ:Groupe_Espérantiste_d’Alger.jpg|thumb|Marcelle Tiard na otu Algiers na 1913.]]
He learnt Esperanto in 1903, [1] tupu ọ lẹere ya ngụ kpuru ìsì.  [2] Edepụtara ya na ndekọ aha nke Espertojantis n'okpuru nọmba 11420. Tiard bụ otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ Esperanto nke Nice na Federation of Provence [3].  O guzobekwara otu ndị Esperantist na Algiers.  [4] [5] Na 1929, mgbe ọ nọ na Budapest maka World Esperanto Congress, o guzobere Union of Esperantist Women (Union of Esperantist Women) nke ebumnuche ya bụ &quot;ime ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwanyị ndị hụrụ Esperanto n'anya&quot;.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime isi ihe dị na mmekọrịta ahụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-akwadokwa omume nke ego. &lt;ref name=&quot;3:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Henri|author=Masson|date=24 November 2013|title=(FR) — Portraits de femmes sans frontières|url=http://www.ipernity.com/blog/32119/612103?lg=fr|work=ipernity|accessdate=26 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;7:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Enciklopedio de Esperanto - ökény Lajos, Bleier V, Ŝirjaev Ivan - страница 31 - чтение книги бесплатно|url=https://nemaloknig.net/read-353916/?page=31|work=nemaloknig.net|accessdate=26 January 2023|archivedate=26 January 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126110442/https://nemaloknig.net/read-353916/?page=31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Marcelle Tiard nwụrụ na Neuilly-sur-Seine, Jun 1, 1932. &lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=1E_NUM_NEU_D1932 - 1932 - 01/01/1932 - 31/12/1932 Démo|url=https://archives.hauts-de-seine.fr/ark:/74903/vtacfe798f83ad7cbe7/dao/0/1?id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.hauts-de-seine.fr%2Fark%3A%2F74903%2Fvtacfe798f83ad7cbe7%2Fcanvas%2F0%2F1|work=Archives départementales des Hauts-de-Seine|accessdate=26 January 2023|language=fr-fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-asụ Esperanto

== Ihe odide ==
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{{Infobox officeholder|website=}}

Joycelyn Tetteh (amuru 10 Jenụwarị 1988) bụ onye otu nzuko omeiwu nke itoolu nke Republic of Ghana nke anọ na-anọchite anya North Dayi na Volta Region na tiketi National Democratic Congress..[1][2] Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị omeiwu nwanyị 36 nke ndị omeiwu nke asaa nke mba nke anọ nke Ghana.[3] Tettehh bụkwa onye nnọchi anya maka ịzụ ahịa mmadụ na Ghana ugbu a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Daily Graphic|date=5 October 2018|title=Human Trafficking Ambassador an honour — Joycelyn Tetteh|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/human-trafficking-ambassador-an-honour-joycelyn-tetteh.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=21 January 2021|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A mụrụ Tetteh na Tsyome-Sabadu, mpaghara Volta . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Ghana|first=ICT Dept. Office of Parliament|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=189|accessdate=2018-10-24|work=parliament of ghana|archivedate=2023-09-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927010521/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=189}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ọ gụrụ Law na BEd na Management Studies na [[University of cape coast|Mahadum nke Cape Coast]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana MPs – MP Details – Tetteh, Joycelyn|url=http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5394|accessdate=2018-10-24|work=GhanaMps.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ==
N'afọ 2016, o sonyere ma merie oche ndị omeiwu NDC maka North Dayi Constituency na mpaghara Volta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=90|accessdate=2022-01-04|work=parliament of ghana|archivedate=2023-12-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214022812/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=90}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nhọrọ 2016 ===
Tetteh bu ụzọ sonye n'ọkwa onye omeiwu nke North Day na tiketi nke National Democratic Congress n'oge ntuli aka Ghana nke afọ 2016 wee merie ntuli aka ahụ na vootu 12,948, na-anọchite anya 78.53% nke ngụkọta vootu. A họpụtara ya karịa Wogbe Kpikpitse nke IND, Samuel Kwesi Anomah nke New Patriotic Party, Christopher Wise Siale nke Convention People's Party na Christopher N.A Dotse nke NDP. Ha nwetara vootu 2,946, vootu 457, vootu 66 na vootu 57 n'otu, nke kwekọrọ na 17.89%, 2.83%, 0.40% na 0.35% nke ngụkọta vootu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=North Dayi Constituency Results - Election 2016|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/volta/north_dayi/|accessdate=2023-10-22|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2024-03-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301200042/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2016/volta/north_dayi/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Nhọrọ 2020 ====
A họpụtara Tetteh ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu maka mpaghara North Dayi na Volta Region na tiketi National Democratic Congress n'oge ntuli aka izugbe Ghana 2020. A họpụtara ya site na votu 14,424 na-anọchite anya 76.11% nke ngụkọta votu. O meriri Kudjoh Edmund Attah nke New Patriotic Party onye nwetara vootu 4,455 nke ya na 23.51% na onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi nke LPG Atteh Kingsely nwere vootu 72, na-anọchite anya 0.38% nke ngụkọta votu.. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=FM|first=Peace|title=North Dayi Constituency Results - Election 2020|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/volta/north_dayi/|accessdate=2023-10-22|work=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archivedate=2023-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005061303/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/volta/north_dayi/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=North Dayi – Election Data Center – The Ghana Report|url=https://electiondatacenter.theghanareport.com/election-results/2020-2/volta-region/north-dayi/|accessdate=2023-10-22|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-12-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204122827/https://electiondatacenter.theghanareport.com/election-results/2020-2/volta-region/north-dayi/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Parliamentary Results for North Dayi|url=https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/ghanaelection2020/elections.constituency.results.php?mode=parliamentary&amp;ID=249|accessdate=2023-10-22|work=Mobile GhanaWeb.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nsọpụrụ ==
Ndị isi na ndị mmadụ nke North Dayi Constituency kwanyeere ya ugwu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2019, bụ ndị nyere ya utu aha: Mama Edwiname.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Quaye|first=Emmanuel|date=10 August 2019|title=North Dayi MP honoured by constituents|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/north-dayi-mp-honoured-by-constituents.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=21 January 2021|work=Graphic Ghana}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Ọ lụrụ di ma ọ bụ nwunye ma bụrụkwa Onye Kraịst.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=90|accessdate=2024-07-28|work=www.parliament.gh|archivedate=2023-12-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214022812/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=90}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edemsibia ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2975" sha1="3a2l5cm54puapnctf8zjjrjg0aw2s5x" xml:space="preserve">Joyce Ludovick Kinabo (amuru 1955, dika Joyce Chisawilo) bu onye okacha amara na onye nyocha nke Tanzania.[1] Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) na Morogoro, Tanzania, na Ngalaba Nkà na Ụzụ Nri, ebe ọ na-eme nchọpụta ma kuzie akụkụ dị iche iche nke sayensị nri nri..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.coa.sua.ac.tz/afood/index.php/86-staff?start=30|title=Prof Joyce Kinabo Sokoine University of Agriculture Profile|accessdate=2025-03-25|archivedate=2021-06-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205144/https://www.coa.sua.ac.tz/afood/index.php/86-staff?start=30}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Joyce Kinabo, PhD {{!}} IANDA|url=https://ianda.nutrition.tufts.edu/team/joyce-kinabo-phd|accessdate=2022-03-10|work=ianda.nutrition.tufts.edu}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://ianda.nutrition.tufts.edu/team/joyce-kinabo-phd &quot;Joyce Kinabo, PhD | IANDA&quot;]. ''ianda.nutrition.tufts.edu''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2022-03-10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-06-24|title=Joyce Kinabo - AGRIDIET|url=https://agridiet.ucc.ie/2013/02/19/joyce-kinabo/|accessdate=2022-03-10|work=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203658/https://agridiet.ucc.ie/2013/02/19/joyce-kinabo/|archivedate=24 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Agụmakwụkwọ na nsọpụrụ ==
A mụrụ Kinabo na 22 Julaị 1955 n'aka David Peter Chisawilo na Ekilia David Chitungo-Chisawilo na Mpwapwa, mpaghara Dodoma, Tanzania.

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, a họpụtara Joyce ka ọ gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ụmụ nwanyị Kilakala na 1975 ma mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụchara afọ ọrụ mmanye nke ọrụ ọha.[1] N'afọ 1980, ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na ọrụ ugbo site na isi na Sayensị nri na teknụzụ sitere na Mahadum Dar es Salaam. Ọ gara ọrụ na Tanzania Food and Nutrition Center . &lt;ref name=&quot;Mrindoko 2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Mrindoko|first=Sebastian|title=Joyce Kinabo: Prof Who Has Excelled in Human Nutrition|url=https://www.dailynews.co.tz/news/joyce-kinabo-prof-who-has-excelled-in-human-nutrition.aspx|accessdate=21 June 2021|work=Daily News|date=March 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1984 ọ nwetara nzere Master of Science na sayensị nri na Mahadum Leeds na England ma na 1990 nata Doctor of Science na Nutritional Physiology na Mahadim Glasgow. Scotland &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nations 2019 p. 72&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Nations|first=F.A.O.U.|title=International Symposium on Fisheries Sustainability: Strengthening the science-policy nexus|publisher=Food &amp; Agriculture Org.|year=2019|isbn=978-92-5-131898-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ecS8DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA72|accessdate=21 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Andrew Tarimo - Injinia na-agba mmiri na Tanzania

== Edemsibia ==

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'''[[en:Elizabeth Woolridge Grant]]''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amara dika Lana Del Rey, bu onye America na-ede ukwe. Emere egwu ya maka nyocha melancholic nke ịma mma na ihunanya, na-ekwukarị banyere omenala pop na 1950s – 1970s Americana.</text>
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'''[[en:Elizabeth Woolridge Grant]]''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara dịka Lana Del Rey, bu onye America na-ede ukwe. Emere egwu ya maka nyocha melancholic nke ịma mma na ihunanya, na-ekwukarị banyere omenala pop na 1950s – 1970s Americana.</text>
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'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara dịka Lana Del Rey, bu onye America na-ede ukwe. Emere egwu ya maka nyocha melancholic nke ịma mma na ihunanya, na-ekwukarị banyere omenala pop na 1950s – 1970s Americana.</text>
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'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe. Emere egwu ya maka nyocha melancholic nke ịma mma na ihunanya, na-ekwukarị banyere omenala pop na 1950s – 1970s Americana.</text>
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'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke ịma mma na ihunanya, na-ekwukarị banyere omenala pop na Americana ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt;</text>
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'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke ịma mma na ihunanya, na-ekwukarị banyere omenala pop na Americana ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.[3] Variety kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&quot;</text>
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'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.[3] Variety kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&quot;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.[3] Variety kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&quot;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; Variety kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&quot;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&quot;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <id>246723</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-24T03:51:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Goodymeraj</username>
        <id>16207</id>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu na Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ America kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <id>246728</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-06-24T04:06:46Z</timestamp>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

 Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

 Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

 Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Ọrụ Ya ===</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====
Ya na nwanne mama ya nke nwanyị na nke nwoke biiri na Long Island otu afọ wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eresi ndị mmadụ mmanya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&lt;ref name=&quot;kent&quot;/&gt; N'oge a, nwanne nna Grant kụziiri ya ka e si akpọ guitar, o wee &quot;ghọta na ọ nwere ike dee otu ndè egwu site na mkpara egwu isii ahụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Mark |date=January 27, 2012 |title=Love, the law, and Lana Del Rey |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203202621/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |archive-date=February 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ide abụ yana ịme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị dị na gburugburu obodo ahụ n'aza aha dị iche iche dịka &quot;Sparkle Jump Rope Queen&quot; na &quot;Lizzy Grant&quot; nakwa &quot;Phenomena&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;/&gt;. &quot;M na-abụ abụ mgbe niile, mana anaghị m enwe atụmatụ ịchụso ya nke ọma dịka akara aka m,&quot; ka o kwuru.</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====
Ya na nwanne mama ya nke nwanyị na nke nwoke biiri na Long Island otu afọ, O wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eresi ndị mmadụ mmanya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&lt;ref name=&quot;kent&quot;/&gt; N'oge a, nwanne nna Grant kụziiri ya ka e si akpọ guitar, o wee &quot;ghọta na ọ nwere ike dee otu ndè egwu site na mkpara egwu isii ahụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Mark |date=January 27, 2012 |title=Love, the law, and Lana Del Rey |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203202621/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |archive-date=February 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ide abụ yana ịme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị dị na gburugburu obodo ahụ n'aza aha dị iche iche dịka &quot;Sparkle Jump Rope Queen&quot; na &quot;Lizzy Grant&quot; nakwa &quot;Phenomena&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;/&gt;. &quot;M na-abụ abụ mgbe niile, mana anaghị m enwe atụmatụ ịchụso ya nke ọma dịka akara aka m,&quot; ka o kwuru.</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====
Ya na nwanne mama ya nke nwanyị na nke nwoke biiri na Long Island otu afọ, O wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eresi ndị mmadụ mmanya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&lt;ref name=&quot;kent&quot;/&gt; N'oge a, nwanne nna Grant kụziiri ya ka e si akpọ guitar, o wee &quot;ghọta na ọ nwere ike dee otu ndè egwu site na mkpara egwu isii ahụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Mark |date=January 27, 2012 |title=Love, the law, and Lana Del Rey |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203202621/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |archive-date=February 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ide abụ yana ịme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị dị na gburugburu obodo ahụ n'aza aha dị iche iche dịka &quot;Sparkle Jump Rope Queen&quot; na &quot;Lizzy Grant&quot; nakwa &quot;Phenomena&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;/&gt;. &quot;M na-abụ abụ mgbe niile, mana anaghị m enwe atụmatụ ịchụso ya nke ọma dịka akara aka m,&quot; ka o kwuru.
O mechara gaa SUNY Geneseo na Geneseo, New York na mbụ, mana ọ kwụsịrị iji otu afọ ezumike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tropicsofmeta.com/2015/02/02/the-gonzo-vision-of-lana-del-rey/|title=The Gonzo Vision of Lana Del Rey|first=Alex Sayf|last=Cummings|date=February 2, 2015|website=Tropics of Meta}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2004, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, Grant debanyere aha na Mahadum Fordham dị na Bronx, New York City, ebe ọ gụrụ nkà ihe ọmụma, na-emesi ike na metaphysics.</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====
Ya na nwanne mama ya nke nwanyị na nke nwoke biiri na Long Island otu afọ, O wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eresi ndị mmadụ mmanya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&lt;ref name=&quot;kent&quot;/&gt; N'oge a, nwanne nna Grant kụziiri ya ka e si akpọ guitar, o wee &quot;ghọta na ọ nwere ike dee otu ndè egwu site na mkpara egwu isii ahụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Mark |date=January 27, 2012 |title=Love, the law, and Lana Del Rey |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203202621/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |archive-date=February 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ide abụ yana ịme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị dị na gburugburu obodo ahụ n'aza aha dị iche iche dịka &quot;Sparkle Jump Rope Queen&quot; na &quot;Lizzy Grant&quot; nakwa &quot;Phenomena&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;/&gt;. &quot;M na-abụ abụ mgbe niile, mana anaghị m enwe atụmatụ ịchụso ya nke ọma dịka akara aka m,&quot; ka o kwuru.</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
O mechara gaa SUNY Geneseo na Geneseo, New York na mbụ, mana ọ kwụsịrị iji otu afọ ezumike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tropicsofmeta.com/2015/02/02/the-gonzo-vision-of-lana-del-rey/|title=The Gonzo Vision of Lana Del Rey|first=Alex Sayf|last=Cummings|date=February 2, 2015|website=Tropics of Meta}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2004, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, Grant debanyere aha na Mahadum Fordham dị na Bronx, New York City, ebe ọ gụrụ nkà ihe ọmụma, na-emesi ike na metaphysics.

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====
Ya na nwanne mama ya nke nwanyị na nke nwoke biiri na Long Island otu afọ, O wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eresi ndị mmadụ mmanya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&lt;ref name=&quot;kent&quot;/&gt; N'oge a, nwanne nna Grant kụziiri ya ka e si akpọ guitar, o wee &quot;ghọta na ọ nwere ike dee otu ndè egwu site na mkpara egwu isii ahụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Mark |date=January 27, 2012 |title=Love, the law, and Lana Del Rey |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203202621/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |archive-date=February 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ide abụ yana ịme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị dị na gburugburu obodo ahụ n'aza aha dị iche iche dịka &quot;Sparkle Jump Rope Queen&quot; na &quot;Lizzy Grant&quot; nakwa &quot;Phenomena&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;/&gt;. &quot;M na-abụ abụ mgbe niile, mana anaghị m enwe atụmatụ ịchụso ya nke ọma dịka akara aka m,&quot; ka o kwuru.</text>
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[[File:Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012.jpg|thumb|Lana Del Rey Cannes 2012]]
'''Elizabeth Woolridge Grant''' (amụrụ June 21, 1985), onye amaara ofụma dịka '''Lana Del Rey''', bu onye America na-ede ukwe ma na-agụkwa agụ. A maara egwu ya maka nnyocha melancholic nke [[Glamour (presentation|ịma mma]] na [[Romance (love)|ihunanya]], na-ekwukarị banyere [[omenala pop]] na [[Americana (culture)|Americana]] ndị dị n'àgbàtà 1950 ruo 1970.&lt;ref name=all/&gt; Ọ bụ onye nwetarala nkwanye ùgwù dị iche iche, gụnyere MTV Video Music Award, MTV Europe Music Awards atọ, Brit Awards abụọ, Billboard Women in Music Awards abụọ nakwa Satellite Award, gụnyekwara nhọpụta ya maka Grammy Awards dị iri na otu yana Golden Globe Award.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Mier |first=Tomás |date=November 11, 2023 |title=Lana Del Rey 'Woke Up Very Excited' About Her 5 Grammy Nods |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lana-del-rey-grammys-2023-nominations-celebrates-1234875660/ |access-date=November 25, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']]  kwanyeere ya ùgwù n'oge Hitmakers Awards ha maka ịbụ &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu&quot;. N'afọ 2023, Rolling Stone debara aha Del Rey na ndepụta aha  mmadụ &quot;Narị Abụọ Kasị Ukwuu Ndị Na-agụ Egwu Oge Nile&quot;, ebe akwụkwọ mbipụta nwanne ha Rolling Stone UK kpọrọ ya dị ka &quot;Onye America na-ede abụ na-agụkwa agụ kasị ukwuu nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ewens&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.co.uk/music/features/lana-del-rey-she-does-it-for-the-girls-album-27426/|title=Lana Del Rey: she does it for the girls|last=Ewens|first=Hannah|date=March 8, 2023|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=May 20, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rollingstone.com&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 1, 2023|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/lana-del-rey-14-1234642409/|access-date=February 17, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmalite Ndụ na Agụmakwụkwọ Ya ===
A mụrụ Elizabeth Woolridge Grant na June 21, 1985&lt;ref name=age&gt;
* {{cite magazine|last1=Hiatt|first1=Brian|title=Lana Del Rey – The Saddest, Baddest Diva in Rock|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=July 18, 2014|issue=1212|page=44|quote=Del Rey is four days away from her 29th birthday (for reasons she can't explain, she's usually reported to be a year younger), but looks, at the moment, like a college junior home for the summer.}};
* {{cite web|last1=Jackson |first1=Ron |title=July 4, 2008 Post |url=http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |website=Domain Name Journal |access-date=July 18, 2014 |date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725115025/http://www.dnjournal.com/archive/lowdown/2008/dailyposts/07-04-08.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2014 }};
* {{cite web|title=Girl, Interrupted: Lizzy Grant Becomes Lana Del Rey|url=http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|website=[[Blurt (magazine)|Blurt]]|access-date=July 18, 2014|year=2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011844/http://blurtonline.com/feature/girl-interrupted-lizzy-grant-becomes-lana-del-rey-2|archive-date=July 27, 2014}}
&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Manhattan]], New York City (upstate New York) ebe ọ nọkwa too, &lt;ref name=&quot;vbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; nye Robert England Grant Jr., onye na-edegharị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ọrụ Grey Group, yana Patricia Ann “Pat” Grant (a mụrụ n'ezinụlọ Hill), onye isi njikwa akaụntụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ ahụ &lt;ref name=&quot;DNJournal&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|title=The Domain Giant You Didn't Know: Rob Grant's Roundabout Route to Real Estate Riches (Online and Off!)|date=April 2008|first=Ron|last=Jackson|publisher=DN Journal|access-date=January 1, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014143231/http://www.dnjournal.com/cover/2008/april.htm|archive-date=October 14, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Robert England Grant Jr. Marries Patricia Ann Hill|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|access-date=December 4, 2014|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 13, 1982|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202022012/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/13/style/robert-england-grant-jr-marries-patricia-ann-hill.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Melvin Lynn|author2=E. Dale Hooper|author3=Carole J. Skelly|date=1998|title=Joseph and Mary Dale and their descendants|publisher=Windmill Publications|page=113}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere nwanne nwanyị obere Caroline &quot;Chuck&quot; Grant, &lt;ref name=meetSister&gt;{{cite web|last1=Zupkus|first1=Lauren|title=Meet Chuck Grant, Lana Del Rey's Equally Gorgeous And Talented Sister|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|website=[[The Huffington Post]]|access-date=October 26, 2017|date=October 8, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081804/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/08/chuck-grant-lana-del-rey-sister_n_5952704.html|archive-date=October 18, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; na nwanne nwoke obere, Charlie Grant, ndị ọ tọchara &lt;ref name=grazia&gt;{{cite journal|last=Rüth|first=Steffen|date=June 5, 2014|title=Lana Del Rey|language=de|journal=Grazia|location=Hamburg, Germany|publisher=G+J/Klambt-Style-Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KG|issue=24/2012|page=36|issn=2192-3965}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;/&gt;. A zụlitere ya dịka onye okpukpe Katọlik &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 10, 2016 |title=Celebrities who are practicing Catholics or were raised in the church |url=http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006095622/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/celebrities/catholic-celebrities-1.4802809 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |work=[[Newsday]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;ma bụrụ onye Scotland na onye Bekee &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|title=Ultra Lana|website= Celtic Life International|date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204183531/https://celticlifeintl.com/ultra-lana/|archive-date=December 4, 2022|quote=Drawn to Scotland by her ex-boyfriend Barrie-James O’Neill (lead singer of indie band Kassidy) coupled with her Scottish/Anglo ancestry}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ dị otu afọ, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Lake Placid, New York. &lt;ref name=&quot;pitchbio&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Dombal |first=Ryan |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Rising: Lana Del Rey |url=https://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124171215/http://pitchfork.com/features/rising/8657-lana-del-rey |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |access-date=January 25, 2012 |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Agnes na afọ elementrị ya &lt;ref name=&quot;nylon&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|title=National Anthem|last=Giannini|first=Melissa|date=November 28, 2013|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|access-date=June 8, 2014|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203120905/http://www.nylonmag.com/articles/lana-del-rey-interview-nylon|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; wee malite ịbụ abụ n'òtù ukwe ụka ya, ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụ ihe ọgụgụ &lt;ref name=nylon/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clashmusic&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Lana Del Rey Interview|url=http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview|work=Clash|access-date=February 24, 2013|date=November 29, 2011 |first=Andy |last=Welch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010125/http://www.clashmusic.com/feature/lana-del-rey-interview |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ebe nne ya kuziri ihe otu afọ, &lt;ref name=KentFA-Sydney&gt;{{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri na anọ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Heaf |first=Jonathan |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Woman Of The Year: Lana Del Rey |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/woman-of-the-year-lana-del-rey |access-date=October 17, 2022 |website=British [[GQ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ iri na ise, &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2
|1={{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|title=Lana Del Rey Biography, Quotes and Facts|last=Sowray|first=Bibby|date=February 10, 2012|access-date=June 20, 2012|work=Vogue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073102/http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/lana-del-rey|archive-date=October 3, 2012}}
|2={{cite web|last=Tranter|first=Kirsten|title=Lolita in the 'hood|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=March 7, 2015|date=May 10, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406012455/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/lolita-in-the-hood-20140505-37r6n.html|archive-date=April 6, 2015}}
|3={{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt; nne na nna ya zigara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Kent School, &lt;ref name=paradiselost&gt;{{cite web|title=Paradise Lost: An interview with Lana Del Rey|url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|work=[[Electronic Beats]]|first=Lisa|last=Banning|access-date=October 2, 2013|date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012807/http://www.electronicbeats.net/en/features/interviews/lana-del-rey-interview|archive-date=October 5, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụlọ akwụkwọ Episcopal dị na Connecticut, ka ọ nwee uche pụọ n'ịňụ  mmanya n'ihi na ịňụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, yana ọgwụ ọjọọ, bụụrụ nsogbu malitere n'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma ma bụrụ nke dịsiri ike nke mere n'ezinụlọ ya dum, gụnyere Grant n'onwe ya, nwere nchegbu.
Grant mechara kwụsị ịgụ akwụkwọ ka ọ gaa mgbatị ahụ; ebe ọ nọ na-echebara onwe ya echiche kemgbe 2003&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
O mechara gaa SUNY Geneseo na Geneseo, New York na mbụ, mana ọ kwụsịrị iji otu afọ ezumike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tropicsofmeta.com/2015/02/02/the-gonzo-vision-of-lana-del-rey/|title=The Gonzo Vision of Lana Del Rey|first=Alex Sayf|last=Cummings|date=February 2, 2015|website=Tropics of Meta}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2004, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, Grant debanyere aha na Mahadum Fordham dị na Bronx, New York City, ebe ọ gụrụ nkà ihe ọmụma, na-emesi ike na metaphysics.

=== Ọrụ Ya ===
====Mmalite Nta Ya ====
Ya na nwanne mama ya nke nwanyị na nke nwoke biiri na Long Island otu afọ, O wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eresi ndị mmadụ mmanya n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&lt;ref name=&quot;kent&quot;/&gt; N'oge a, nwanne nna Grant kụziiri ya ka e si akpọ guitar, o wee &quot;ghọta na ọ nwere ike dee otu ndè egwu site na mkpara egwu isii ahụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Savage |first=Mark |date=January 27, 2012 |title=Love, the law, and Lana Del Rey |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203202621/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-16729651 |archive-date=February 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ide abụ yana ịme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ abalị dị na gburugburu obodo ahụ n'aza aha dị iche iche dịka &quot;Sparkle Jump Rope Queen&quot; na &quot;Lizzy Grant&quot; nakwa &quot;Phenomena&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;bbclovelaw&quot;/&gt;. &quot;M na-abụ abụ mgbe niile, mana anaghị m enwe atụmatụ ịchụso ya nke ọma dịka akara aka m,&quot; ka o kwuru.

====2005–2010: Mmalite ọrụ na ndekọ mbụ ya Gasị====</text>
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    <title>Ojiarụ:Lazenza</title>
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      <text bytes="539" sha1="d7pdl4sunrpqnuxt4bdw637bevhvjpw" xml:space="preserve">'''Lazenza Akpan''', born on the 12th of November, 1996, into the Royal family of Elder Okon Ukpong Akpan, in Mbiabong Ukan, Ikono, in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria.

Although there isn't much known about Lazenza Akpan at this point in time, other than his daring ambition to eliminate corruption and poverty in Nigeria and Africa at large and to unite the African continent as a single Nation, with self ruling tribes. Lazenza Akpan remains a mystery still as the world waits and watches on to see what will become of the man, Lazenza Akpan.</text>
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