Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako

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&lt;!-- Discussion notice starts --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #ff0; margin: 0 0 3px 0; padding: 0 2px 0 2px;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia talk:Ogbako Ọtú|'''Ihü ákíkó''']] dị maka okwu. Biko doséré okwu ébéahụ. Omemé gi detụ na ihü nkà.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- Header bar starts --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;toccolours&quot; id=&quot;siteNotice&quot;&quot;&gt;
[[Wikipedia:Requests_for_Adminship|Requests for Adminship]] | [[Wikipedia:Request_for_Bot_status|Request for Bot approval]] | [[:Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing _translation|Articles for Translation]] | [[:Category:Article nke ntakiri|Articles needing expansion]]&lt;/div&gt;

{{Íshí Nzọr Inglish}}
{{Ihe Anyi gi me}}

==Administrator access==
I would like to be an administrator on this Igbo wikipedia. '''[[User:Ukabia|Álúsí Wikipedia Ìgbo]]''' - [[User talk:Ukabia|okwú na ókà]] 17:21, 10 Önwa Asaa 2011 (UTC)

I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in order to fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve the main page etc. [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|Blossom Ozurumba]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|talk]]) 11:36, 1 Önwa Asáto 2017 (UTC)


I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in organizing the page,  fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve articles etc. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo | Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|talk]]) 17:35, 1 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

&lt;br&gt;
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[[Category:Wikipedia]]
I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in correcting certain misspelt words which change the meaning of words in Igbo and hence reduce the interpretation and make the page difficult to use. 
--[[Ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|Chioma Onyema]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|talk]]) 08:46, 6 Ọnwaàsaà 2021 (UTC)

== Improving the translation support for the Igbo Wikipedia ==

''Sorry about not being able to write in Igbo. I hope someone can translate this!''

[[:mw:Content translation|Content translation]] has been successful in supporting the translation process on many Wikipedia communities, and we want to help additional wikis with potential to grow using translation as part of [[:mw:Content translation/Boost|a new initiative]].

Content translation facilitates the creation of Wikipedia articles by translating content from other languages. It has been used already to create more than half a million articles. In addition, the tool provides [[:mw:Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality|mechanisms to encourage the creation of good quality content]], preventing the publication of lightly edited machine translations. In general, our analysis shows that the translations produced are [[:mw:Content_translation/Deletion_statistics_comparison|less likely to be deleted than the articles started from scratch]].

Igbo Wikipedia editors have used Content translation to create [[Special:CXStats|more than three hundred articles]]. Given the size of the editing community, we think that there is potential to use translation to create more articles, expand existing ones, and attract new editors that learn how to make productive edits. Translation can help the community to reduce the language gap with other languages and grow the number of editors in a sustainable way. In order to achieve this goal, we want to collaborate with you to make Content translation more visible in the Igbo Wikipedia and support new ways to translate.

As a first step, during the next weeks we plan to enable Content translation by default on the Igbo Wikipedia. That will make it easy for users to discover the tool [[:mw:Help:Content_translation/Starting|through several entry points]]. However, users not interested in translation will still be able to disable it from their preferences.

Please feel free to share any comment in this conversation thread.

Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|Amir E. Aharoni (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|talk]]) 13:04, 4 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

Wwyx

Ụmụ nnem na ụmụ nnam, edeyerem akwụkwọ na meta wikipedia ka fa nyem ikike ma ye kwam ego ịji new ruọ oru. Biko kwado nu mu. Ebe ịga afu ya bu na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Female_Creators_on_Igbo_Wikipedia --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 07:50, 4 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to do a wikidata project on Nigerian female producers etc. the link is attached. I seek your advice and support. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Offordile234/Nigerian_Female_Film_Producers,_Directors_and_Actors_on_Wikidata --[[Ọbanife:Offordile234|Offordile234]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Offordile234|talk]]) 21:23, 10 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to add content and improve existing content in wikidata about Nigerian religious leaders and the churches. I will like your comments and if approved your participation. the link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/Nigerian_Religious_Institutions_on_Wikidata  --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 20:23, 12 Ọnwaànọ 2021 (UTC)

E debeyerem akwụkwọ ka eyem ego ịji rụọ ọrụ. The link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Permanent_Secretaries_and_Directors_General/Training Please comment and advice. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|talk]]) 11:50, 8 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

E tiyerem akwụkwọ ka ndị wikipedia yem ego maka ọrụ ịtiye foto na ụda onu nịme Igbo Wiktionary. Biko kwadom. Ebe ntịyere ya bụ na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Pictures_and_Voice_Notes_in_Igbo_Wiktionary  --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 11:03, 12 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a project in wikidata. I will will appreciate your comment and support. the project link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/CEOs_of_Quoted_Companies_in_Nigeria --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 13:13, 5 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Obodo Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ezigbo mmadu niile,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/Mahadum_Federal_na_Steeti,_Polytechnics_na_K%E1%BB%8Dleji_nke_Mm%E1%BB%A5ta_na_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Mahadum Federal na Steeti, Polytechnics na Kọleji nke Mmụta na Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|talk]]) 21:21, 9 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Photowalk of Minna, Niger state ==

Ndewo ndi nkem,
Pls find attached my [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/OtuNwachinemere/Photowalk_of_Minna,_Niger_State_Nigeria#Activities project grant] request for your endorsement and collaboration.
Thanks --[[Ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|OtuNwachinemere]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|talk]]) 12:48, 15 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

==META WIKI INTERFACE TRANSLATION==
I have applied for translation of the meta wiki interface translation for Igbo Wiktionary which is still in the incubator. your contribution and support will be appreciated. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Igbo_Language_MetaWiki_interface_translation  --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 07:45, 15 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ndewo onye ọ bụla,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/%E1%BB%A4m%E1%BB%A5_Nwanyi_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nkuzi_na_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nch%E1%BB%8Dp%E1%BB%A5ta_n%27%E1%BB%A5l%E1%BB%8D_Akw%E1%BB%A5kw%E1%BB%8D_Mmuta_di_elu_nke_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Ụmụ Nwanyi ndị Nkuzi na ndị Nchọpụta n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mmuta di elu nke Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|kwuo]]) 10:15, 14 Ọnwa iri na otù 2021 (UTC)

== Deployment of FLORES Machine Translation to Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndị ọma!

Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The WMF Language team has added another machine translation (MT) support for the Content Translation in Igbo Wikipedia called FLORES. This means that you can choose to use [https://ai.facebook.com/blog/the-flores-101-data-set-helping-build-better-translation-systems-around-the-world/ FLORES machine translation] when translating Wikipedia articles to Igbo using [https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation the Content Translation tool].
 
The FLORES Machine Translation service is provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta] through a free for use API key that allows the Content Translation to access the service on the FLORES server for an evaluation trial period. This MT is set as optional; in your Wikipedia, which means you can choose not to use it as your preferred initial translator. If you decide to use this service, you can select &quot;FLORES&quot; from the &quot;Initial Translation&quot; dropdown menu where you will find other existing machine translation services on the sidebar.
 
The Wikimedia Foundation has worked out an agreement that allows the use of FLORES without compromising Wikipedia’s policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user, and brand representation. You can find more information about the FLORES Machine translation on [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Meta|this page]].
 
Please note that the use of the FLORES MT is optional. However, we would want your community to:
*use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service; and
*[[mw:Talk:Content_translation|provide feedback]] about its quality and ask any questions you might have about this addition.
 
We trust that this addition is a good support to the Content Translations tool towards having better quality articles in Igbo Wikipedia.
 
Daalụ nụ! 

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:02, 7 Ọnwa abụọ 2022 (UTC)

== Making Flores a default Machine Translation for three months in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

The WMF Language team would like to make [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores Flores], provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta], the default machine translation support in your Wikipedia Content Translation tool for a test period of 3 months.

The above experiment will help us determine how useful the Machine Translation is for your community more reliably. By setting Flores as the default service, we expect more content to be created by using it and the data about its quality to be more representative. We plan to effect this change on 11th April 2022 unless your community has an objection not to make the FLORES the default Machine translation. 

It is okay if individuals decide to select their default service, which would also be helpful to understand user preferences. However, we would encourage you to use it. After three months, we would revert to the initial default machine translation unless your community thinks otherwise. 

We thank you for your support and look forward to the outcome of this test.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 18:48, 28 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.


I have recently applied for a grant on training and competition for senior citizens. it is a proposal to bring in more senior citizens to join the wikipedia family. it will be a training and competion for participating seniors. will appreciate your suggestions.--[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|kwuo]]) 14:55, 26 Ọnwa ise 2022 (UTC)

== Reverting to Google as the default Machine Translation in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi nkem!

Three months ago, the WMF Language team set the [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores|Flores]] Machine Translation (MT) support as the default in your Wikipedia which just ended.

So, we want to revert to the initial default Machine translation support for the Content translation tool in Zulu Wikipedia unless there are objections from your community to retain the Flores as your default MT.

We will wait two weeks for your feedback in this thread on the above, and If there are no objections to reverting to the [[mw:Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation#Google_Translate|Google Translate]], we will make the Google MT the default translation in your Content translation tool after the 25th of July, 2022.

Thank you so much, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:40, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) On hehalf of the WMF Language team.

:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] thank you for the update. Speaking for myself and from feedback from other community members, Flores has more accurate translations than Google Translate and we would prefer to keep Flores as default.
:Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:54, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)
::Thank you @[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] for the feedback. This means we will not be reverting to Google since the community prefers Flores because it is more accurate. We will leave Flores as the default Machine Translation, while the Google Machine translation will be optional.
::Best regards. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 19:06, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

== &quot;Talk page&quot; ==

Hi!

At a translatewiki training on July 30, there was a side discussion about the right word to use for &quot;Talk&quot;, &quot;Talk page&quot;, &quot;Discussion&quot;, etc.

&quot;Talk page&quot; refers to pages on which editors discuss the following things:
* The article—how to write it, what to include, what to exclude, what terminology to use, etc.
* General Wikipedia matters—policies, style, appointing administrators, etc.
* Direct conversations with users (&quot;user talk page&quot;).

As a general comment, in English, the words &quot;discussion&quot; and &quot;talk&quot; are used for this, but it's actually the same thing, and can be translated with the same word in Igbo.

The words that I can see here are:
* Mkparita ụka
* nkàta
* Akíkó
* Nkpata okà
* Kuwa akíkó
* kwuo
* okwu

There may also be other words that I haven't noticed.

I recommend choosing consistent translations for &quot;talk&quot; and &quot;talk page&quot;, and using them consistently. [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 11:05, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

:Thank you for this recommendation @[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amire80]]. Best, [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 14:40, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

== Atụmatụ ịgbanwe aha &quot;talk spaces&quot; anyị  ==

Ndewo ụmụnne! Ọ ga-amasị m ịtụ aro ka anyị gbanwee aha 'talk spaces' n'asụsụ Igbo site na &quot;Okwu&quot; gaa na &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot;, n'ihi na ọ dị m ka &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot; na-akọwa ọrụ ya nke ọma karịa 'Okwu'. Ewelitere nke a n'oge usoro nkwado maka Wiktionary Igbo na Wikiquote na Meta. Iji gbanwee nke a, anyị kwesịrị igosi ebe anyị nwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a, yabụ biko kwupụta echiche gị banyere mgbanwe a n'okpuru - ọ bụrụ na ịnwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a n'ime izu ole na ole a n'abia, anyị nwere ike ịrịọ ka ha gbanwee ya. Ọ bụrụ na anyị kpebie ịgbanwe aha ndị ahụ, aha ochie nọ ebe a ga-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ, mana ọ gaghị abụ aha na-egosipụta na ibe okwu. Mee ka m mara ihe ị chere! Ya gazie! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:01, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ ga adị ezigbo mkpa ma ha mgbanwe ibe okwu dị na Wikipidia anyị. E kweyere m nke ọma ka e mee mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 15:12, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Imeela na nzaghachi gị @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 
(UTC)

:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 08:35, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Ndewo na nkwado gị @[[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m na mgbanwe aha a n'ihi na &quot;Nkàta&quot; ka kọwaa ya karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|Uzoejinwa]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|kwuo]]) 9:22, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:A nam eche na &quot;Nkàtá&quot; kọwara ihe a na-ekwu maka ya karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. N'ihi nke a, e kwenyere m na mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 08:49, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Eziokwu ka ikwuru @[[Ọbanife:Timzy D'Great|Timzy D'Great]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:19, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ bụ ihe ziri ezi ime ya bụ ḿgbánwè. &quot;Ńkàtá&quot; kasịrị daba adaba nke ọma karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. Ekwenyere m na nke ahụ. [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Dabere16]]
([[Okwu Ọbanife: Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 11:02, 6 Satọnafọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ dị mma maka &quot;Nkàta&quot; bụ aha ya kpọmkwem ma kakwa wee kọwaa ya nke oma karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|Achukwu Onyinye]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|kwuo]]) 1:11, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

: This change is a welcome development since it is a known fact that language is dynamic; hence Igbo language is no exception to this dynamism and as such, ''Nkata'' captures the content of the discussion. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 13:37, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m na nke a [[Ọbanife:Lebron jay|Lebron jay]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Lebron jay|kwuo]]) 14:04, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m ka a gbanwee áhà a site N'okwụ baa na ńkàtá maka ọ dabara nke ọma. [[Jabinekene:Ekene Amaechi|Ekene Amaechi]]  04:00, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

I agree to the change of the name ọ f &quot;Talk Places&quot; to &quot;Nkata&quot; because it gives to real meaning of the word in Igbo Language rather than&quot;talk&quot; [[Ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|Chikeme Chizurum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|kwuo]]) 02:55, 8 Ọnwa asatọ  2022 (UTC)

==Usoro ọdide asụsụ Igbo==
===Ndakọrịta Udaume (Vowel Harmony)===
Ndakọrịta Udaume bụ usoro iwu odide Igbo wubere na ụdaume Igbo ga-agbaso mgbe eji ha emebe mkpụrụokwu maọbụ ekwu okwu.
N'asụsụ Igbo e nwere ụdaume asatọ, Ha bụ '''''a e i ị o ọ u ụ'''''. E kere Ụdaume ndị a ụzọ abụọ .
1) Ụdamfe/Otu A: a  ị  ọ  ụ. Otu A nwere kpọm n'okpuru ha ma ewepụ a
2) Ụdaarọ/Otu E: e  i  o  u. Otu E enweghị kpọm n'okpuru ha
Iwu megidere na mgbe ọbụla ụdaume si n'otu nke ọbula na-emebe okwu, mara na mkpụrụokwu ahụ ga ejupụta na ụdaume si n'otu ahụ.
Ọmụmaatụ: 
Okwu ndị si n'Otu A---
Ọgụ (fight)
Ụdọ (rope)
Azịza (broom)
ịgba (Drum) 
          
Okwu ndị si n'Otu E---
Ezi (Pig) 
Udo (peace)
Iko (Cup)
Olulu (Pit)
===Ede ụdaume na-ada iwu ndakọrịta===
1) Aha mmadụ:
Ọbiageli
Ijeọma
Chigaekwu
Chukwuma 
wee dịrị gawa
2) Okwu ọkpụ: Okwu ndị nna anyị ha na-ekwu ọkpụtọrọkpụ dịka: Ngaji
                                                            Omenala
                                                            Dibịa
                                                            Ụdaume
Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta iwu ndakọrịta Ụdaume nke ọma iji mata ma ghọta ụfọdụ mgbanwe dị n'ụtọasụsụ Igbo.

== STUDY ON WHY WIKIPEDIA IS NOT BEING USED IN NIGERIAN CLASSROOM ==
The Igbo Language and Culture Institute has applied for a project to conduct a research on Overcoming Challenges of Introducing Wikipedia in Nigeria Classroom. your suggestions will be appreciated. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 10:36, 19 Ọgọọst 2022 (UTC)

== The name of this page ==

Hi!

What should be the name of this page: &quot;Nzọr ogbako&quot;, &quot;Ogbako otú&quot;, or something else? [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 07:40, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Namespace names ==

Hi,

I spoke to @[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]], and she found many mistakes in the names of namespaces on this wiki.

This problem needs a thorough solution. As a first step, I'd love to know the Igbo Wikipedia's community opinion about several terms. For each of the following terms, there must be one consistent term used everywhere, because all these words are very common and important:

;Special
:This must be the translation of the word &quot;special&quot; in &quot;special page&quot;. (The word &quot;page&quot; is not needed, only &quot;special&quot;.) The current translation is &quot;Ihü kárírí&quot;, and it's probably incorrect. Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ọpụrụiche&quot;.
;Talk ''or'' Discussion
:&quot;Talk pages&quot; or &quot;Discussion pages&quot; are pages where editors have discussions about articles or about other topics. For example, &quot;Talk:Nigeria&quot; is the talk page of the article &quot;Nigeria&quot;, and &quot;User talk:Amire80&quot; is the personal talk page of User:Amire80. In English, the words &quot;Talk&quot; and &quot;Discussion&quot; are both used, but it's the same thing, so you can use one word in Igbo. The current translation is &quot;Okwu&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ńkàtá&quot;.
;User
:A user is anyone who uses the wiki as a reader or an editor. The current word is &quot;Ọbanife&quot;. Oby Ezeilo recommends the word &quot;Ojiarụ&quot;.
;File
:Files on Wikipedia usually store photos, videos, or documents. The current word is &quot;Usòrò&quot;, and it's probably wrong. What should be the correct translation?
;Template
:A template is a piece of text or code that can be embedded in other pages. Common examples of templates are infoboxes, citations, tags at the top of the article, etc. The current word is &quot;Àtụ&quot;. Is it good?
;Help
:Help pages are pages that explain how to use Wikipedia. Some examples of English-language help pages: [[:w:en:Help:Recent changes|Help:Recent changes]], [[:w:en:Help:Table|Help:Table]], etc. The current word is &quot;Nkwadọ&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Enyemaka&quot;.
;Category
:A category is a group of pages that have a similar topic. For example, the Wikipedia articles about [[:w:en:Leymah Gbowee|Leymah Gbowee]], [[:w:en:Andrei Sakharov|Andrei Sakharov]], and [[:w:en:Alva Myrdal|Alva Myrdal]] all belong to the &quot;Nobel Peace Prize laureates&quot; category in the English Wikipedia, and are automatically listed on that category's page: [[:w:en:Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]]. The current word is &quot;Òtù&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Katigori&quot;.

What do other Igbo Wikipedia editors think? How should these words be written in Igbo?

Here's the list again, briefly:
* Special
* Talk
* User
* File
* Template
* Help
* Category

Please reply here.

Once everyone agrees on these terms' translation, it will be possible to write correct translations for all the namespace names.

Thank you! :) [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 08:13, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Hello Amir, thank you for this question. After so much deliberation in our community, we voted this: 


Here's the list, 

* Special -Ọpụrụiche
* Talk - Ṅkàtá
* User -Ojiarụ
* File -Faịlụ
* Template -Templeeti 
* Help -Enyemaka
* Category - Otú
Thank you!
[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 17:04, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I highly support the introduction of these newly translated words. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 18:21, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
:I Strongly support the use of these terms Tochiprecious listed above. Thanks [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 18:22, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

I am in support of the names translation, because it will be of a great help to our community.
[[Ọbanife: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Okwu ọbanife: Senator Choko|kwuo]]) 18:16, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Effecting these changes on the page will make it more understandable to the users. I'm in support of these new developments. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 18:03, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
::I support this.. I support the new name translation brought up here [[Ọbanife:Sayvhior|Sayvhior]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Sayvhior|kwuo]]) 19:55, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

::I support those new translations to be put to use.  [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Daberechi16]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 12:36, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I strongly support these changes as it makes them more understandable. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 09:06, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Upcoming vote on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct ==

Hello all,

In mid-January 2023, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] will undergo a second community-wide ratification vote. This follows [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting/Results|the March 2022 vote]], which resulted in a majority of voters supporting the Enforcement Guidelines. During the vote, participants helped highlight important community concerns. The Board’s [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] requested that these areas of concern be reviewed.

The volunteer-led [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee_members|Revisions Committee]] worked hard reviewing community input and making changes. They updated areas of concern, such as training and affirmation requirements, privacy and transparency in the process, and readability and translatability of the document itself.

The revised Enforcement Guidelines can be viewed '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|here]]''', and a comparison of changes can be found '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Comparison|here]]'''.

'''How to vote?'''

Beginning '''January 17, 2023''', voting will be open. '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|This page on Meta-wiki]]''' outlines information on how to vote using SecurePoll.

'''Who can vote?'''

The '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information#Voting_eligibility|eligibility requirements]]''' for this vote are the same as for the Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections. See the voter information page for more details about voter eligibility. If you are an eligible voter, you can use your Wikimedia account to access the voting server.

'''What happens after the vote?'''

Votes will be scrutinized by an independent group of volunteers, and the results will be published on Wikimedia-l, the Movement Strategy Forum, Diff and on Meta-wiki. Voters will again be able to vote and share concerns they have about the guidelines. The Board of Trustees will look at the levels of support and concerns raised as they look at how the Enforcement Guidelines should be ratified or developed further.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, 

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 08:59, 10 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Universal Code of Conduct revised enforcement guidelines vote results ==

The recent community-wide vote on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct revised Enforcement Guidelines]] has been tallied and scrutinized. Thank you to everyone who participated.

After 3097 voters from 146 Wikimedia communities voted, the results are 76% in support of the Enforcement Guidelines, and 24% in opposition. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|Statistics]] for the vote are available. A more detailed summary of comments submitted during the vote will be published soon.

From here, the results and comments collected during this vote will be submitted to the Board of Trustees for their review. The current expectation is that the Board of Trustees review process will complete in March 2023. We will update you when their review process is completed.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:54, 16 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Community feedback cycle about updating the Wikimedia Terms of use starts ==

Hello everyone,

[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is organizing a feedback-cycle with community members to discuss updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use.

[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Terms_of_Use|The Terms of Use (ToU)]] are the legal terms that govern the use of websites hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. We will be gathering your feedback on a draft proposal from February through April. The draft will be translated into several languages, with written feedback accepted in any language.

This update comes in response to several things:

* Implementing the Universal Code of Conduct
* Updating project text to the Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license
* Proposal for better addressing undisclosed paid editing
* Bringing our terms in line with current and recently passed laws affecting the Foundation, including the European Digital Services Act

As part of the feedback cycle two office hours will be held, the first on March 2, the second on April 4.

For further information, please consult:

* The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|proposed update of the ToU by comparison]]
* The page for your [[metawiki:Talk:Terms_of_use|feedback]]
* Information about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|the office hours]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 13:00, 21 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Reminder: Office hours about updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use ==

: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Legal+department%2F2023+ToU+updates%2FOffice+hours%2FReminder&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello everyone,

This a reminder that the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is hosting [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|office hours]] with community members about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use]].

The office hours will be held today, '''March 2, from 17:00 UTC to 18:30 UTC.''' See for more [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|details here on Meta]].

Another office hours will be held on April 4.

We hereby kindly invite you to participate in the discussion. Please note that this meeting will be held in English language and led by the members of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team, who will take and answer your questions. Facilitators from the Movement Strategy and Governance Team will provide the necessary assistance and other meeting-related services.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 11:55, 2 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Board of Trustees have ratified the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines ==
: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FRevised+enforcement+guidelines%2FAnnouncement+-+Board+ratification&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello all, an important update on the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines:

The vote on the Enforcement Guidelines in January 2023 showed a majority approval of the Enforcement Guidelines. There were 369 comments received and a detailed summary of the comments will be published shortly. Just over three-thousand (3097) voters voted and 76% approved of the Enforcement Guidelines. You can view the '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|vote statistics on Meta-wiki]]'''.

As the support increased, this signifies to the Board that the current version has addressed some of the issues indicated during the last review in 2022. The Board of Trustees voted to ratify the Enforcement Guidelines. The [[foundation:Resolution:Approval_of_Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Enforcement_Guidelines|resolution can be found on Foundation wiki]] and you can read more about the [[wmfblog:2023/03/21/the-enforcement-guidelines-received-strong-support-from-the-community-what-happens-next/|process behind the 2023 Enforcement Guidelines review on Diff.]]

There are some next steps to take with the important recommendations provided by the Enforcement Guidelines. More details will come soon about timelines. Thank you for your interest and participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:01, 23 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Elections Committee: Call for New Members ==

Hello everyone,

The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Wikimedia Foundation elections committee]] (Elections Committee) is, from today until April 24, seeking an additional 2–4 members to help facilitate the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustee (Board) selection process.

The 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election is being planned. New members are invited to join the Elections Committee. The Elections Committee oversees the Board of Trustees community seat selection process. Join the committee and contribute your valuable skills and ideas to the Trustee selection process.

There are eight community- and affiliate-selected seats on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_of_Trustees|the Wikimedia Foundation Board]]. The wider Wikimedia community votes for community members to occupy these seats. In 2024, the Elections Committee will oversee this selection process for the community- and affiliate-selected seats with expiring terms. This process will be supported by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Elections Committee members sign up for three-year terms and will be asked to [[phab:L37|sign a confidentiality agreement]]. Members can expect to contribute 2–5 hours per week before the selection process and 5–8 hours per week during the selection process.

As an Elections Committee member, you will be responsible for:

* Attending online meetings between now and the next election (mid-2024)
* Attending onboarding and online training in May–June 2023
* Working with the Committee to fulfill its [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Elections_Committee_Charter|other responsibilities]]

New members should have the following qualities:

* Fluency in English
* Responsiveness to email collaboration
* Knowledge of the movement and movement governance

If you would like to volunteer for this role, please '''submit your candidacy by April 24, 2023 23:59 [[:en:Anywhere_on_Earth|AoE (Anywhere on Earth)]] on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Nominations/2023|this Meta-Wiki page]]'''.

You can [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Wikimedia_Foundation_Elections_Committee_-_2023_Call_for_New_Members|'''read the full announcement here''']]. Thank you in advance for your interest! If you are not interested but know someone who might be, share this message with them. Please let me know if you have questions.

On behalf of the Elections Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:16, 14 Eprel 2023 (UTC)

== End of the Movement Charter ratification methodology community review ==

Hello,

The Movement Charter Drafting Committee has concluded its first community review of the methodology draft, which will be used to ratify the Movement Charter in 2024.

This community review included [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement_Charter|feedback collection on Meta]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930/6 Movement Strategy forum] as well as two [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation|conversation hours]] with communities and one conversation with the Committees of the Wikimedia projects. MCDC greatly appreciates everyone's input. The recording of the ratification methodology presentation is here and [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation/Notes_and_documentation|documentation can be accessed here]]. The timeline of the next steps of the methodology is [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AMC_Ratification_Methodology_-_April_2023.pdf&amp;page=33 provided here].

The WMF support team will produce a report on the community input in May. MCDC will incorporate the feedback and share an updated version of the ratification methodology in August 2023. The MCDC will continue to outreach to stakeholders regarding the updated methodology in late 2023.

Thank you for your participation!

On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 16:40, 3 Mee 2023 (UTC)

==Dates==
I've fixed up the templates {{Tlx|Birth date and age}} {{Tlx|Death date and age}} and possibly a few more to use Igbo month names.  

* I need to translate &quot;aged&quot; as in &quot;Nwürü	11 Novemba 2002 (aged 82)&quot;.  What word should I use?
* I've used Eprelụ should this be Eprel?

Let me know if there are any problems and I'll do my best to fix them.

[[Ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|ṅkátá]]) 21:35, 13 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Ozi maka atụmatụ ndi Wikimedia Foundation nke afọ 2024-25 ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

Ndi Wikimedia Foundation ebidola ihazi atụmatụ na ebumunuche ga eduzi ọrụ anyi ndi Wikimedia na afọ 2024-25. Eji mụ ohere na egosi  anyi  ozi onye isi nke Prodọktụ na Teknọlọji onye nke a na akpọ Selena Deckelmann dere gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche afọ ọhuru anyi na abanye na Wikimedia. Ndi Wikimedia Foundation si na ọdi oke mkpa ka anyi gụọ ebumunuche ha maka afọ 2024-25 ma gwa ha uche gi, ma jụọ kwa ha ajụjụ gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche ha deputara. Inwere ike iji asụsụ ọbula di gi nma (igbo ma ọbu na English) ide puta uche gi ma juọ ha ajụjụ ebea. 

[[User:UOzurumba_(WMF)| UOzurumba (WMF)]], ma ọbụ Mazi [[User:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]] ga elegide ihụ akwụkwọ a, ma nyere aka ziruo ha ozi, ma zaa ajuju ọbula inwere. Biko guọ ozi ya ebea, ma ọbụ ebe nzisa ozi nke [[wmfblog:2024/02/20/thinking-about-annual-planning-in-the-wikimedia-foundations-product-and-technology-department/|Diff]] na nke ọzọ a na akpọ [[metawiki:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2024-2025/Goals/Infrastructure|Meta]].


Daalụ nụ! -[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|ṅkátá]]) 17:35, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo n&lt;u&gt;ụ&lt;/u&gt; ndi Igbo Wikipedians!

Apologies, as this message is not in your language. &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Please-translate}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] proposes temporarily making Google Translate the default machine translation for your Wikipedia. Some months ago we set MinT, the new Wikimedia Foundation machine translation service, as the default for your language. However, we plan to revert this change. This is because we are [[phab:T363563|working on improving the reference support]] and fixing some bugs causing referencing issues when using MinT to translate.

During this period, contributors can still use the MinT by selecting it as an optional service. However, we want to limit its use to reduce the effect of using it as it is thereby imposing more work on translators to correct the issues manually. 

Please let us know in this thread if your community objects to our proposal and would rather have MinT as default, irrespective of our improvement plans. Rest assured, changing the default machine translation support is a temporary measure. We will notify you once we finish [[phab:T363569|the work]] and revert to MinT.

We appreciate your understanding and cooperation on this change. Daalụ nụ!

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:19, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] Thank you for the information, I am in support making Google translate temporarily the default machine translation for our Wikipedia. [[User:Akwugo|Akwugo]] ([[User talk:Akwugo|talk]])  20:54, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for the heads-up. I believe the Google translate can be temporarily used for the Igbo Wikipedia - but to be changed as soon as possible the MinT is up. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|ṅkátá]]) 04:08, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thanks @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] for this notice. The referencing errors also occur while using Google Translate... It's a good thing your team is working towards fixing these errors, you can go ahead with the plan. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:30, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thank you, @[[Ọbanife:Akwugo|Akwugo]], @[[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] and @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], for your response. I will let the WMF Language team know your take on this. 
:Best regards
:[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:20, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)

== Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians,

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] has been working on [[mw:MinT#MinT_for_wiki_readers|MinT for Wiki Readers]]. This feature will allow communities to access more content that is only available in other languages with machine translation in Wikipedia. The initial version of this feature is ready, and we would like the Igbo Wikipedia to be the first to test and have this feature since the Igbo community has been using MinT frequently to create translations. For this, our team would like you to read about the feature and [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ih%C3%BC_k%C3%A1r%C3%ADr%C3%AD:AutomaticTranslation '''test it'''] so you can:

* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve the feature
* Give us your feedback on enabling it in your Wikipedia

'''About the feature'''

The MinT for Wiki Readers is a feature that will allow readers of Igbo Wikipedia to expand their reading options and knowledge beyond the language they are familiar with in Wikipedia. For instance, if someone is interested in a topic or content that only exists in the Japanese language and the person is not familiar with the language. While using the mobile web version of Wikipedia, the reader can access the machine translation version of that content in the Igbo language from the language selector or the article's footer (as shown in the image below). 
{{Gallery
| align        = center
| height       =450
| width        =200
| whitebg      = no
| noborder     = yes
| File:MinT MVP Language Selector entry point video.webm|Language selector entry point.
| File:MinT_MVP_Article_footer_entry_point.png|Article footer entry point
}}

These machine-generated translations of content are clearly identified as such, and the human-created content is surfaced and recommended if available.

This feature is in its initial development. It is an early and functional version, and many aspects will be improved based on your community member's feedback on what works and what can be improved to better support your needs as readers.

'''How to try the tool'''

Before we enable this feature in your Wikipedia by the 17th June 2024, we invite members of your community to try MinT for Wiki Readers in Igbo Wikipedia at [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:AutomaticTranslation Special:AutomaticTranslation] and give us early feedback in this thread or on [[mw:Talk:MinT#Feedback_from_the_Igbo_Wikipedians_about_MinT_for_Wikipedia_Readers|this talk page]]. Our team would like to know your impression on:

* How do you use the feature
* Anything we should consider for our plans to enable it?
* Your ideas for improving it.

We greatly appreciate your time and effort in testing this tool. We eagerly look forward to your valuable feedback and questions, which will be instrumental in the further development of this feature. Thank you.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:06, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

== Temporary accounts may be rolled out in late October ==

Hello everyone. We are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team, working on digital security and online privacy issues. We are here to let you know about [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts|temporary accounts for unregistered (logged-out) editors]]. '''Later this month, we will be rolling them out on several pilot wikis, who will have the chance to test and share comments to improve the feature before it is deployed on all wikis in mid-2025.'''

'''This change is especially relevant to the logged-out editors and the more experienced community members like patrollers and admins – anyone who uses IP addresses when blocking users and keeping the wikis safe.'''

'''Based on data we have analyzed, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia is a great candidate for being a pilot.''' We wanted to share more about what temporary accounts are, what change they bring, why we think you would be a good piloting community, and what we can do together to make sure this change goes smoothly for everyone affected.

'''Legal mandate for this work'''

The Foundation’s Legal team requires that we change the ways in which logged-out editors interact with the wikis, and how their personal data is handled. The result is the creation of temporary accounts. We are doing it to keep up with legal changes and with the ways many people expect websites to operate, and to minimize risks to logged-out editors. ([[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ#Why_are_you_working_on_temporary_accounts_at_all?|See more on the legal aspect in our FAQ]] and the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates/Legal#July_2021|2021 update from the Legal team]].)

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb|400px]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: ~2024-1234567 (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after the account creation date. As long as the cookie exists, all edits made by this user from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

What does this mean for different groups of users?

{{hidden|For logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.
}}
{{hidden|For community members interacting with logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.
}}
{{hidden|For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range (&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Special:IPContributions]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mediawikiwiki:Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* We are and will be working with other users with advanced permissions, like stewards.  With useful feedback from these users, we have updated tools and scheduled deployments around these updates.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.
}}

'''Why we think the Igbo Wikipedia community will be a good pilot'''

In late October, we aim to deploy on approximately 10 small and medium-sized wikis. The goal is to ensure all critical functionality (patroller workflows, tools etc.) for temporary accounts work as expected. For that to happen, we want to make sure that people are comfortable with the changed functionality. We will do our best to support the piloting communities. After deploying and improving the functionality, we will keep temporary accounts here, and later, roll them out on more wikis.

We have pre-selected potential good pilots based on different factors. For example, we considered the following statistics and technical limitations: numbers of active IPs, editors, admins, IP edits per month, and lack of blockers related to the configuration of a given wiki. Human connections are even more important, and by that, we mean: availability of colleagues like @[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]], potential ambassadors and technical members of the respective communities, and communication with affiliates and hubs and their community support projects. Based on all these factors, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia will be a good pilot.

'''What we would ask of you and next steps'''

* If you'd like to learn more about temporary accounts, please ask! We will gladly address your questions, suggestions, and other thoughts!
* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers#How_should_I_update_my_code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options, including not piloting here on Igbo Wikipedia.

Before we deploy on the first pilots, we will complete some work. This includes creating a new public dashboard presenting the impact of temporary accounts on communities ([[phab:T357763|T357763]]), building a mechanism which will automatically give the eligible users the right to reveal IP addresses ([[phab:T327913|T327913]]), and [[phab:project/view/7289/|some other tasks]].

To learn more about the project, check out [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates|look at the latest updates]] and [[mediawikiwiki:Newsletter:T&amp;S_Product_projects|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you! [[User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and [[Ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:14, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Igbo Wikipedia ==

{{Int:Hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Igbo Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[Faịlụ:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[Faịlụ:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 20th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 01:38, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

{{Int:hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement this improvement on your wiki '''on Monday, March 10th, 2025''' and subsequently for other Wikipedias. We plan to roll it out on all wikis and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.

We look forward to your feedback after using the new dashboard. Please reach out with any questions regarding your experience with the enhanced dashboard in this thread.

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 06:03, 5 Maachị 2025 (UTC)

== Please block Donaldbert ==

Please block [[Ojiarụ:Donaldbert]] for their actions at [[Vargaći]], recreating a previously-deleted item and removing deletion tags. Note that this user also edits as [[Ojiarụ:Berlindrag]] and is indefinitely blocked at Wikidata for abuse of multiple accounts and promotion of this entity. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 16:50, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

:It looks like they may also be editing as [[Ojiarụ:Smith.886]]. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 18:56, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
:{{done}} [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 23:23, 5 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

== Ndozi ntụgharị asụsụ ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians. Ana m atụ aro ka anyị dezie ntụgharị asụsụ nke “Talk” site na Ṅkàtá iji gosipụta nke ọma ka Ńkàtá. Nke a ga-akwalite nhazi ọkwa ma melite ogo na ọrụ a. Biko kwadoo arịrịọ a.  Daalụ [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 14:24, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC))
* A kwadosiri m árò a ike maka nchekwa asụsụ Igbo. Nke ọbụla a na-asụpe, a sụpee ya ọfụma [[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|ṅkátá]]) 19:07, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A kwadoro m nhazi a, n’ihi na nsụpe nke a bụ nke kacha mma. Daalụnụ  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:49, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma.  [[Ọpụrụiche:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|&amp;#126;2025-29202-75]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|talk]]) 03:55, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma [[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 05:48, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado ya nke ukwuu maka na ọ tozuru ya [[Ojiarụ: Iwuala Chisom|Iwuala Chisom]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Iwuala Chisom|ṅkátá]]) 08:11, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

*Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma. [[User:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Senator Choko&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 21:35, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A na m akwado nhazi a. Ọ bụ ezigbo arọ  [[Ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|Epiphanus Jide]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|ṅkátá]]) 18:19, 19 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Will you help us test an updated Databox? ==

''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it''

Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes:

* A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item


* New parameters &lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;excludeProperties=&lt;/code&gt; can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays.
** '''&lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt;''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.&lt;br&gt; Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
** '''&lt;code&gt;excludeParameters=&lt;/code&gt;''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.&lt;br&gt;Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 

* The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}&lt;/code&gt;

=== How can you help? ===
Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs.

Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits).

The two Parameters will only show if the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.&lt;br&gt;[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].&lt;br&gt;
Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].&lt;br&gt;
Thank you, - [[Ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 4 Novemba 2025 (UTC) on behalf of the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] Team

== Invitation to a survey ==

Dear contributors to Wikipedia in Igbo,

Apologies for posting in English! 

My name is Mali, and as a part of my PhD program at the University of Oslo, Norway, I am investigating young language communities from less digitized languages on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects.

I have previously spoken to some contributors from the Igbo community, and it has been really interesting. Now I wish to expand my understanding of this community by inviting you to take a survey about your experiences as Wikipedia-editors.  

You find the survey here: https://nettskjema.no/a/577121

The survey should take around 10  minutes. I invite you to write freely about your experiences in the open questions.   

If you complete the survey before the 15&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; of December you have the possibility to win an electronic gift card worth 10 USD. Winners will be contacted directly after the survey. 


Feel free to contact me for further questions, directly on Wiki or on my email malikb@ifi.uio.no

Thank you! [[Ojiarụ:Malikbr|Malikbr]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Malikbr|ṅkátá]]) 11:49, 9 Disemba 2025 (UTC)

== Ọkwa maka bot flag request ==

Ndewo nnụ 👋

E tinyela m 'bot flag request' maka nnabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia.
Bot a ga-enye aka nabata ndị ọrụ ọhụrụ ma duzie ha otu ha ga-esi malite itinye aka.
Biko lelee ya ma kesaa echiche unu:
👉[[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests_for_approval/DolphybBot]]

Daalụ 🙏  [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 13:42, 8 Eprel 2026 (UTC)

==  [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat nomination ==

E ji m aṅụrị na-ahọpụta [[User:King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa Bureaucrat na ọrụ a.

Dịka onye nchịkwa, o gosipụtara nduzi siri ike, mkpebi ziri ezi, na nkwado maka otu ebe ọ na-akwado ma ndị ndezi ọhụrụ ma ndị ndezi nwere agba. Ọ na-egosipụta nghọta doro anya nke amụma Wikimedia na usoro otu, ekwere m na o nwere iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na ikike dị mkpa iji jee ozi nke ọma dị ka Bureaucrat.

Eji m obi m niile na-akwado ma na-ahọpụta ya maka ọrụ a.


'''Bekee'''

I am happy to nominate [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat on this project.

As an administrator, he has shown strong leadership, sound judgement, and dedication to community growth while supporting both new and experienced editors. He demonstrates a clear understanding of Wikimedia policies and community processes, and I believe he has the integrity and competence needed to serve effectively as a Bureaucrat.

I wholeheartedly support and recommend him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 14:21, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:Daalụ @[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] maka ịhọpụta m. Anam anabata ya nke ọma. [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 16:27, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::I vote in support of this nomination. He has shown a great deal of leadership skills and has a great eye for details. [[Ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|Vivian Amalachukwu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|ṅkátá]]) 16:43, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::Am also nominating King Christlike for Bureaucrat nomination..he has proven to be a great assist in contributing to the growth of wikipedia not just Igbo wikipedia but wikipedia as a whole [[Ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|Edozie Ojekwe]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|ṅkátá]]) 16:47, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado [[User:King ChristLike]], maka ọkwa nke ahọpụtara ya.  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#ffe900 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#ffe900 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 16:50, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Strong Support [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 17:29, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::He has consistently demonstrated excellent leadership, good judgment, and a strong commitment to the growth of the community, while actively supporting both new and experienced contributors. His solid understanding of Wikimedia policies and community procedures, along with his integrity and capability, make him well suited for the Bureaucrat role. I fully endorse and support [[User:King ChristLike]] nomination. [[Ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|ṅkátá]]) 17:42, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:User:King ChristLike has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby endorse him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 22:15, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
[[User:King ChristLike]] has shown concern and support for the Igbo Wikimedians Community.I hereby give my support to him. [[User:Chiziqa|Chiziqa]]

[[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 16:44, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) I hereby vote in support of [[user:king_ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. He is good at what he does and I believe he would perform the best if given the opportunity.[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 18:17, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby '''endorse''' him for this role.[[Ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|Lucy Iwuala]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|ṅkátá]]) 19:56, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

His commitment, contributions, teamwork, and willingness to support others in Wikimedia projects makes him a strong and deserving candidate. I strongly vote in support of [[User:King ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. 
[[Ojiarụ:Sylvaline39 |Sylvaline39]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Sylvaline39|ṅkátá]]) 10:25,1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] Is someone who leads by example. He is hardworking, reliable and always willing to support others. Whether it is in teamwork, leadership, or communication. He has proven time and time again that he have what it takes to serve effectively. I proudly nominate King ChristLike for the bureaucrat nomination.
[[Ojiarụ:Iwuala chisom|Iwuala chisom]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Iwuala chisom|ṅkátá]]) 11:14,2 Mee 2026 (UTC)

I am proud to endorse this nomination as [[User:King ChristLike]] has shown and is still on that path of supporting and ensuring that editors do the right thing, the right way. He is also passionate about Open source knowledge and he is duly deserving of this opportunity. [[Ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|Aminwa 21]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|ṅkátá]]) 22:18, 3 Mee 2026 (UTC)

A true definition of leadership! I strongly endorse [[User:King ChristLike] for this position. [[Ojiarụ: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Senator Choko|ṅkátá]]) 21:10, 6 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:A na m akwado:@[[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa a n'ihi na a maara m na ọ ga-emeli ihe dị na ya [[Ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|Geraldine Kene]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|ṅkátá]]) 06:49, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>szakgxq02xopa1sw96n1u3qrknoywld</sha1>
    </revision>
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      <id>632940</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-13T07:17:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Emmanuel Obiajulu</username>
        <id>13322</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* User:King ChristLike for Bureaucrat nomination */</comment>
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&lt;!-- Discussion notice starts --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #ff0; margin: 0 0 3px 0; padding: 0 2px 0 2px;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia talk:Ogbako Ọtú|'''Ihü ákíkó''']] dị maka okwu. Biko doséré okwu ébéahụ. Omemé gi detụ na ihü nkà.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- Header bar starts --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;toccolours&quot; id=&quot;siteNotice&quot;&quot;&gt;
[[Wikipedia:Requests_for_Adminship|Requests for Adminship]] | [[Wikipedia:Request_for_Bot_status|Request for Bot approval]] | [[:Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing _translation|Articles for Translation]] | [[:Category:Article nke ntakiri|Articles needing expansion]]&lt;/div&gt;

{{Íshí Nzọr Inglish}}
{{Ihe Anyi gi me}}

==Administrator access==
I would like to be an administrator on this Igbo wikipedia. '''[[User:Ukabia|Álúsí Wikipedia Ìgbo]]''' - [[User talk:Ukabia|okwú na ókà]] 17:21, 10 Önwa Asaa 2011 (UTC)

I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in order to fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve the main page etc. [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|Blossom Ozurumba]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|talk]]) 11:36, 1 Önwa Asáto 2017 (UTC)


I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in organizing the page,  fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve articles etc. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo | Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|talk]]) 17:35, 1 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

[[Category:Wikipedia]]
I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in correcting certain misspelt words which change the meaning of words in Igbo and hence reduce the interpretation and make the page difficult to use. 
--[[Ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|Chioma Onyema]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|talk]]) 08:46, 6 Ọnwaàsaà 2021 (UTC)

== Improving the translation support for the Igbo Wikipedia ==

''Sorry about not being able to write in Igbo. I hope someone can translate this!''

[[:mw:Content translation|Content translation]] has been successful in supporting the translation process on many Wikipedia communities, and we want to help additional wikis with potential to grow using translation as part of [[:mw:Content translation/Boost|a new initiative]].

Content translation facilitates the creation of Wikipedia articles by translating content from other languages. It has been used already to create more than half a million articles. In addition, the tool provides [[:mw:Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality|mechanisms to encourage the creation of good quality content]], preventing the publication of lightly edited machine translations. In general, our analysis shows that the translations produced are [[:mw:Content_translation/Deletion_statistics_comparison|less likely to be deleted than the articles started from scratch]].

Igbo Wikipedia editors have used Content translation to create [[Special:CXStats|more than three hundred articles]]. Given the size of the editing community, we think that there is potential to use translation to create more articles, expand existing ones, and attract new editors that learn how to make productive edits. Translation can help the community to reduce the language gap with other languages and grow the number of editors in a sustainable way. In order to achieve this goal, we want to collaborate with you to make Content translation more visible in the Igbo Wikipedia and support new ways to translate.

As a first step, during the next weeks we plan to enable Content translation by default on the Igbo Wikipedia. That will make it easy for users to discover the tool [[:mw:Help:Content_translation/Starting|through several entry points]]. However, users not interested in translation will still be able to disable it from their preferences.

Please feel free to share any comment in this conversation thread.

Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|Amir E. Aharoni (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|talk]]) 13:04, 4 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

Wwyx

Ụmụ nnem na ụmụ nnam, edeyerem akwụkwọ na meta wikipedia ka fa nyem ikike ma ye kwam ego ịji new ruọ oru. Biko kwado nu mu. Ebe ịga afu ya bu na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Female_Creators_on_Igbo_Wikipedia --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 07:50, 4 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to do a wikidata project on Nigerian female producers etc. the link is attached. I seek your advice and support. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Offordile234/Nigerian_Female_Film_Producers,_Directors_and_Actors_on_Wikidata --[[Ọbanife:Offordile234|Offordile234]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Offordile234|talk]]) 21:23, 10 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to add content and improve existing content in wikidata about Nigerian religious leaders and the churches. I will like your comments and if approved your participation. the link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/Nigerian_Religious_Institutions_on_Wikidata  --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 20:23, 12 Ọnwaànọ 2021 (UTC)

E debeyerem akwụkwọ ka eyem ego ịji rụọ ọrụ. The link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Permanent_Secretaries_and_Directors_General/Training Please comment and advice. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|talk]]) 11:50, 8 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

E tiyerem akwụkwọ ka ndị wikipedia yem ego maka ọrụ ịtiye foto na ụda onu nịme Igbo Wiktionary. Biko kwadom. Ebe ntịyere ya bụ na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Pictures_and_Voice_Notes_in_Igbo_Wiktionary  --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 11:03, 12 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a project in wikidata. I will will appreciate your comment and support. the project link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/CEOs_of_Quoted_Companies_in_Nigeria --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 13:13, 5 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Obodo Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ezigbo mmadu niile,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/Mahadum_Federal_na_Steeti,_Polytechnics_na_K%E1%BB%8Dleji_nke_Mm%E1%BB%A5ta_na_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Mahadum Federal na Steeti, Polytechnics na Kọleji nke Mmụta na Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|talk]]) 21:21, 9 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Photowalk of Minna, Niger state ==

Ndewo ndi nkem,
Pls find attached my [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/OtuNwachinemere/Photowalk_of_Minna,_Niger_State_Nigeria#Activities project grant] request for your endorsement and collaboration.
Thanks --[[Ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|OtuNwachinemere]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|talk]]) 12:48, 15 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

==META WIKI INTERFACE TRANSLATION==
I have applied for translation of the meta wiki interface translation for Igbo Wiktionary which is still in the incubator. your contribution and support will be appreciated. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Igbo_Language_MetaWiki_interface_translation  --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 07:45, 15 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ndewo onye ọ bụla,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/%E1%BB%A4m%E1%BB%A5_Nwanyi_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nkuzi_na_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nch%E1%BB%8Dp%E1%BB%A5ta_n%27%E1%BB%A5l%E1%BB%8D_Akw%E1%BB%A5kw%E1%BB%8D_Mmuta_di_elu_nke_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Ụmụ Nwanyi ndị Nkuzi na ndị Nchọpụta n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mmuta di elu nke Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|kwuo]]) 10:15, 14 Ọnwa iri na otù 2021 (UTC)

== Deployment of FLORES Machine Translation to Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndị ọma!

Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The WMF Language team has added another machine translation (MT) support for the Content Translation in Igbo Wikipedia called FLORES. This means that you can choose to use [https://ai.facebook.com/blog/the-flores-101-data-set-helping-build-better-translation-systems-around-the-world/ FLORES machine translation] when translating Wikipedia articles to Igbo using [https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation the Content Translation tool].
 
The FLORES Machine Translation service is provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta] through a free for use API key that allows the Content Translation to access the service on the FLORES server for an evaluation trial period. This MT is set as optional; in your Wikipedia, which means you can choose not to use it as your preferred initial translator. If you decide to use this service, you can select &quot;FLORES&quot; from the &quot;Initial Translation&quot; dropdown menu where you will find other existing machine translation services on the sidebar.
 
The Wikimedia Foundation has worked out an agreement that allows the use of FLORES without compromising Wikipedia’s policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user, and brand representation. You can find more information about the FLORES Machine translation on [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Meta|this page]].
 
Please note that the use of the FLORES MT is optional. However, we would want your community to:
*use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service; and
*[[mw:Talk:Content_translation|provide feedback]] about its quality and ask any questions you might have about this addition.
 
We trust that this addition is a good support to the Content Translations tool towards having better quality articles in Igbo Wikipedia.
 
Daalụ nụ! 

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:02, 7 Ọnwa abụọ 2022 (UTC)

== Making Flores a default Machine Translation for three months in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

The WMF Language team would like to make [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores Flores], provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta], the default machine translation support in your Wikipedia Content Translation tool for a test period of 3 months.

The above experiment will help us determine how useful the Machine Translation is for your community more reliably. By setting Flores as the default service, we expect more content to be created by using it and the data about its quality to be more representative. We plan to effect this change on 11th April 2022 unless your community has an objection not to make the FLORES the default Machine translation. 

It is okay if individuals decide to select their default service, which would also be helpful to understand user preferences. However, we would encourage you to use it. After three months, we would revert to the initial default machine translation unless your community thinks otherwise. 

We thank you for your support and look forward to the outcome of this test.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 18:48, 28 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.


I have recently applied for a grant on training and competition for senior citizens. it is a proposal to bring in more senior citizens to join the wikipedia family. it will be a training and competion for participating seniors. will appreciate your suggestions.--[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|kwuo]]) 14:55, 26 Ọnwa ise 2022 (UTC)

== Reverting to Google as the default Machine Translation in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi nkem!

Three months ago, the WMF Language team set the [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores|Flores]] Machine Translation (MT) support as the default in your Wikipedia which just ended.

So, we want to revert to the initial default Machine translation support for the Content translation tool in Zulu Wikipedia unless there are objections from your community to retain the Flores as your default MT.

We will wait two weeks for your feedback in this thread on the above, and If there are no objections to reverting to the [[mw:Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation#Google_Translate|Google Translate]], we will make the Google MT the default translation in your Content translation tool after the 25th of July, 2022.

Thank you so much, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:40, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) On hehalf of the WMF Language team.

:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] thank you for the update. Speaking for myself and from feedback from other community members, Flores has more accurate translations than Google Translate and we would prefer to keep Flores as default.
:Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:54, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)
::Thank you @[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] for the feedback. This means we will not be reverting to Google since the community prefers Flores because it is more accurate. We will leave Flores as the default Machine Translation, while the Google Machine translation will be optional.
::Best regards. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 19:06, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

== &quot;Talk page&quot; ==

Hi!

At a translatewiki training on July 30, there was a side discussion about the right word to use for &quot;Talk&quot;, &quot;Talk page&quot;, &quot;Discussion&quot;, etc.

&quot;Talk page&quot; refers to pages on which editors discuss the following things:
* The article—how to write it, what to include, what to exclude, what terminology to use, etc.
* General Wikipedia matters—policies, style, appointing administrators, etc.
* Direct conversations with users (&quot;user talk page&quot;).

As a general comment, in English, the words &quot;discussion&quot; and &quot;talk&quot; are used for this, but it's actually the same thing, and can be translated with the same word in Igbo.

The words that I can see here are:
* Mkparita ụka
* nkàta
* Akíkó
* Nkpata okà
* Kuwa akíkó
* kwuo
* okwu

There may also be other words that I haven't noticed.

I recommend choosing consistent translations for &quot;talk&quot; and &quot;talk page&quot;, and using them consistently. [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 11:05, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

:Thank you for this recommendation @[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amire80]]. Best, [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 14:40, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

== Atụmatụ ịgbanwe aha &quot;talk spaces&quot; anyị  ==

Ndewo ụmụnne! Ọ ga-amasị m ịtụ aro ka anyị gbanwee aha 'talk spaces' n'asụsụ Igbo site na &quot;Okwu&quot; gaa na &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot;, n'ihi na ọ dị m ka &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot; na-akọwa ọrụ ya nke ọma karịa 'Okwu'. Ewelitere nke a n'oge usoro nkwado maka Wiktionary Igbo na Wikiquote na Meta. Iji gbanwee nke a, anyị kwesịrị igosi ebe anyị nwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a, yabụ biko kwupụta echiche gị banyere mgbanwe a n'okpuru - ọ bụrụ na ịnwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a n'ime izu ole na ole a n'abia, anyị nwere ike ịrịọ ka ha gbanwee ya. Ọ bụrụ na anyị kpebie ịgbanwe aha ndị ahụ, aha ochie nọ ebe a ga-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ, mana ọ gaghị abụ aha na-egosipụta na ibe okwu. Mee ka m mara ihe ị chere! Ya gazie! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:01, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ ga adị ezigbo mkpa ma ha mgbanwe ibe okwu dị na Wikipidia anyị. E kweyere m nke ọma ka e mee mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 15:12, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Imeela na nzaghachi gị @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 
(UTC)

:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 08:35, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Ndewo na nkwado gị @[[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m na mgbanwe aha a n'ihi na &quot;Nkàta&quot; ka kọwaa ya karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|Uzoejinwa]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|kwuo]]) 9:22, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:A nam eche na &quot;Nkàtá&quot; kọwara ihe a na-ekwu maka ya karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. N'ihi nke a, e kwenyere m na mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 08:49, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Eziokwu ka ikwuru @[[Ọbanife:Timzy D'Great|Timzy D'Great]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:19, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ bụ ihe ziri ezi ime ya bụ ḿgbánwè. &quot;Ńkàtá&quot; kasịrị daba adaba nke ọma karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. Ekwenyere m na nke ahụ. [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Dabere16]]
([[Okwu Ọbanife: Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 11:02, 6 Satọnafọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ dị mma maka &quot;Nkàta&quot; bụ aha ya kpọmkwem ma kakwa wee kọwaa ya nke oma karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|Achukwu Onyinye]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|kwuo]]) 1:11, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

: This change is a welcome development since it is a known fact that language is dynamic; hence Igbo language is no exception to this dynamism and as such, ''Nkata'' captures the content of the discussion. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 13:37, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m na nke a [[Ọbanife:Lebron jay|Lebron jay]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Lebron jay|kwuo]]) 14:04, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m ka a gbanwee áhà a site N'okwụ baa na ńkàtá maka ọ dabara nke ọma. [[Jabinekene:Ekene Amaechi|Ekene Amaechi]]  04:00, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

I agree to the change of the name ọ f &quot;Talk Places&quot; to &quot;Nkata&quot; because it gives to real meaning of the word in Igbo Language rather than&quot;talk&quot; [[Ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|Chikeme Chizurum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|kwuo]]) 02:55, 8 Ọnwa asatọ  2022 (UTC)

==Usoro ọdide asụsụ Igbo==
===Ndakọrịta Udaume (Vowel Harmony)===
Ndakọrịta Udaume bụ usoro iwu odide Igbo wubere na ụdaume Igbo ga-agbaso mgbe eji ha emebe mkpụrụokwu maọbụ ekwu okwu.
N'asụsụ Igbo e nwere ụdaume asatọ, Ha bụ '''''a e i ị o ọ u ụ'''''. E kere Ụdaume ndị a ụzọ abụọ .
1) Ụdamfe/Otu A: a  ị  ọ  ụ. Otu A nwere kpọm n'okpuru ha ma ewepụ a
2) Ụdaarọ/Otu E: e  i  o  u. Otu E enweghị kpọm n'okpuru ha
Iwu megidere na mgbe ọbụla ụdaume si n'otu nke ọbula na-emebe okwu, mara na mkpụrụokwu ahụ ga ejupụta na ụdaume si n'otu ahụ.
Ọmụmaatụ: 
Okwu ndị si n'Otu A---
Ọgụ (fight)
Ụdọ (rope)
Azịza (broom)
ịgba (Drum) 
          
Okwu ndị si n'Otu E---
Ezi (Pig) 
Udo (peace)
Iko (Cup)
Olulu (Pit)
===Ede ụdaume na-ada iwu ndakọrịta===
1) Aha mmadụ:
Ọbiageli
Ijeọma
Chigaekwu
Chukwuma 
wee dịrị gawa
2) Okwu ọkpụ: Okwu ndị nna anyị ha na-ekwu ọkpụtọrọkpụ dịka: Ngaji
                                                            Omenala
                                                            Dibịa
                                                            Ụdaume
Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta iwu ndakọrịta Ụdaume nke ọma iji mata ma ghọta ụfọdụ mgbanwe dị n'ụtọasụsụ Igbo.

== STUDY ON WHY WIKIPEDIA IS NOT BEING USED IN NIGERIAN CLASSROOM ==
The Igbo Language and Culture Institute has applied for a project to conduct a research on Overcoming Challenges of Introducing Wikipedia in Nigeria Classroom. your suggestions will be appreciated. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 10:36, 19 Ọgọọst 2022 (UTC)

== The name of this page ==

Hi!

What should be the name of this page: &quot;Nzọr ogbako&quot;, &quot;Ogbako otú&quot;, or something else? [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 07:40, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Namespace names ==

Hi,

I spoke to @[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]], and she found many mistakes in the names of namespaces on this wiki.

This problem needs a thorough solution. As a first step, I'd love to know the Igbo Wikipedia's community opinion about several terms. For each of the following terms, there must be one consistent term used everywhere, because all these words are very common and important:

;Special
:This must be the translation of the word &quot;special&quot; in &quot;special page&quot;. (The word &quot;page&quot; is not needed, only &quot;special&quot;.) The current translation is &quot;Ihü kárírí&quot;, and it's probably incorrect. Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ọpụrụiche&quot;.
;Talk ''or'' Discussion
:&quot;Talk pages&quot; or &quot;Discussion pages&quot; are pages where editors have discussions about articles or about other topics. For example, &quot;Talk:Nigeria&quot; is the talk page of the article &quot;Nigeria&quot;, and &quot;User talk:Amire80&quot; is the personal talk page of User:Amire80. In English, the words &quot;Talk&quot; and &quot;Discussion&quot; are both used, but it's the same thing, so you can use one word in Igbo. The current translation is &quot;Okwu&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ńkàtá&quot;.
;User
:A user is anyone who uses the wiki as a reader or an editor. The current word is &quot;Ọbanife&quot;. Oby Ezeilo recommends the word &quot;Ojiarụ&quot;.
;File
:Files on Wikipedia usually store photos, videos, or documents. The current word is &quot;Usòrò&quot;, and it's probably wrong. What should be the correct translation?
;Template
:A template is a piece of text or code that can be embedded in other pages. Common examples of templates are infoboxes, citations, tags at the top of the article, etc. The current word is &quot;Àtụ&quot;. Is it good?
;Help
:Help pages are pages that explain how to use Wikipedia. Some examples of English-language help pages: [[:w:en:Help:Recent changes|Help:Recent changes]], [[:w:en:Help:Table|Help:Table]], etc. The current word is &quot;Nkwadọ&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Enyemaka&quot;.
;Category
:A category is a group of pages that have a similar topic. For example, the Wikipedia articles about [[:w:en:Leymah Gbowee|Leymah Gbowee]], [[:w:en:Andrei Sakharov|Andrei Sakharov]], and [[:w:en:Alva Myrdal|Alva Myrdal]] all belong to the &quot;Nobel Peace Prize laureates&quot; category in the English Wikipedia, and are automatically listed on that category's page: [[:w:en:Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]]. The current word is &quot;Òtù&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Katigori&quot;.

What do other Igbo Wikipedia editors think? How should these words be written in Igbo?

Here's the list again, briefly:
* Special
* Talk
* User
* File
* Template
* Help
* Category

Please reply here.

Once everyone agrees on these terms' translation, it will be possible to write correct translations for all the namespace names.

Thank you! :) [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 08:13, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Hello Amir, thank you for this question. After so much deliberation in our community, we voted this: 


Here's the list, 

* Special -Ọpụrụiche
* Talk - Ṅkàtá
* User -Ojiarụ
* File -Faịlụ
* Template -Templeeti 
* Help -Enyemaka
* Category - Otú
Thank you!
[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 17:04, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I highly support the introduction of these newly translated words. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 18:21, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
:I Strongly support the use of these terms Tochiprecious listed above. Thanks [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 18:22, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

I am in support of the names translation, because it will be of a great help to our community.
[[Ọbanife: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Okwu ọbanife: Senator Choko|kwuo]]) 18:16, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Effecting these changes on the page will make it more understandable to the users. I'm in support of these new developments. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 18:03, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
::I support this.. I support the new name translation brought up here [[Ọbanife:Sayvhior|Sayvhior]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Sayvhior|kwuo]]) 19:55, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

::I support those new translations to be put to use.  [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Daberechi16]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 12:36, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I strongly support these changes as it makes them more understandable. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 09:06, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Upcoming vote on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct ==

Hello all,

In mid-January 2023, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] will undergo a second community-wide ratification vote. This follows [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting/Results|the March 2022 vote]], which resulted in a majority of voters supporting the Enforcement Guidelines. During the vote, participants helped highlight important community concerns. The Board’s [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] requested that these areas of concern be reviewed.

The volunteer-led [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee_members|Revisions Committee]] worked hard reviewing community input and making changes. They updated areas of concern, such as training and affirmation requirements, privacy and transparency in the process, and readability and translatability of the document itself.

The revised Enforcement Guidelines can be viewed '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|here]]''', and a comparison of changes can be found '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Comparison|here]]'''.

'''How to vote?'''

Beginning '''January 17, 2023''', voting will be open. '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|This page on Meta-wiki]]''' outlines information on how to vote using SecurePoll.

'''Who can vote?'''

The '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information#Voting_eligibility|eligibility requirements]]''' for this vote are the same as for the Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections. See the voter information page for more details about voter eligibility. If you are an eligible voter, you can use your Wikimedia account to access the voting server.

'''What happens after the vote?'''

Votes will be scrutinized by an independent group of volunteers, and the results will be published on Wikimedia-l, the Movement Strategy Forum, Diff and on Meta-wiki. Voters will again be able to vote and share concerns they have about the guidelines. The Board of Trustees will look at the levels of support and concerns raised as they look at how the Enforcement Guidelines should be ratified or developed further.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, 

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 08:59, 10 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Universal Code of Conduct revised enforcement guidelines vote results ==

The recent community-wide vote on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct revised Enforcement Guidelines]] has been tallied and scrutinized. Thank you to everyone who participated.

After 3097 voters from 146 Wikimedia communities voted, the results are 76% in support of the Enforcement Guidelines, and 24% in opposition. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|Statistics]] for the vote are available. A more detailed summary of comments submitted during the vote will be published soon.

From here, the results and comments collected during this vote will be submitted to the Board of Trustees for their review. The current expectation is that the Board of Trustees review process will complete in March 2023. We will update you when their review process is completed.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:54, 16 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Community feedback cycle about updating the Wikimedia Terms of use starts ==

Hello everyone,

[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is organizing a feedback-cycle with community members to discuss updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use.

[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Terms_of_Use|The Terms of Use (ToU)]] are the legal terms that govern the use of websites hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. We will be gathering your feedback on a draft proposal from February through April. The draft will be translated into several languages, with written feedback accepted in any language.

This update comes in response to several things:

* Implementing the Universal Code of Conduct
* Updating project text to the Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license
* Proposal for better addressing undisclosed paid editing
* Bringing our terms in line with current and recently passed laws affecting the Foundation, including the European Digital Services Act

As part of the feedback cycle two office hours will be held, the first on March 2, the second on April 4.

For further information, please consult:

* The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|proposed update of the ToU by comparison]]
* The page for your [[metawiki:Talk:Terms_of_use|feedback]]
* Information about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|the office hours]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 13:00, 21 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Reminder: Office hours about updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use ==

: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Legal+department%2F2023+ToU+updates%2FOffice+hours%2FReminder&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello everyone,

This a reminder that the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is hosting [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|office hours]] with community members about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use]].

The office hours will be held today, '''March 2, from 17:00 UTC to 18:30 UTC.''' See for more [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|details here on Meta]].

Another office hours will be held on April 4.

We hereby kindly invite you to participate in the discussion. Please note that this meeting will be held in English language and led by the members of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team, who will take and answer your questions. Facilitators from the Movement Strategy and Governance Team will provide the necessary assistance and other meeting-related services.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 11:55, 2 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Board of Trustees have ratified the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines ==
: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FRevised+enforcement+guidelines%2FAnnouncement+-+Board+ratification&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello all, an important update on the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines:

The vote on the Enforcement Guidelines in January 2023 showed a majority approval of the Enforcement Guidelines. There were 369 comments received and a detailed summary of the comments will be published shortly. Just over three-thousand (3097) voters voted and 76% approved of the Enforcement Guidelines. You can view the '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|vote statistics on Meta-wiki]]'''.

As the support increased, this signifies to the Board that the current version has addressed some of the issues indicated during the last review in 2022. The Board of Trustees voted to ratify the Enforcement Guidelines. The [[foundation:Resolution:Approval_of_Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Enforcement_Guidelines|resolution can be found on Foundation wiki]] and you can read more about the [[wmfblog:2023/03/21/the-enforcement-guidelines-received-strong-support-from-the-community-what-happens-next/|process behind the 2023 Enforcement Guidelines review on Diff.]]

There are some next steps to take with the important recommendations provided by the Enforcement Guidelines. More details will come soon about timelines. Thank you for your interest and participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:01, 23 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Elections Committee: Call for New Members ==

Hello everyone,

The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Wikimedia Foundation elections committee]] (Elections Committee) is, from today until April 24, seeking an additional 2–4 members to help facilitate the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustee (Board) selection process.

The 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election is being planned. New members are invited to join the Elections Committee. The Elections Committee oversees the Board of Trustees community seat selection process. Join the committee and contribute your valuable skills and ideas to the Trustee selection process.

There are eight community- and affiliate-selected seats on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_of_Trustees|the Wikimedia Foundation Board]]. The wider Wikimedia community votes for community members to occupy these seats. In 2024, the Elections Committee will oversee this selection process for the community- and affiliate-selected seats with expiring terms. This process will be supported by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Elections Committee members sign up for three-year terms and will be asked to [[phab:L37|sign a confidentiality agreement]]. Members can expect to contribute 2–5 hours per week before the selection process and 5–8 hours per week during the selection process.

As an Elections Committee member, you will be responsible for:

* Attending online meetings between now and the next election (mid-2024)
* Attending onboarding and online training in May–June 2023
* Working with the Committee to fulfill its [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Elections_Committee_Charter|other responsibilities]]

New members should have the following qualities:

* Fluency in English
* Responsiveness to email collaboration
* Knowledge of the movement and movement governance

If you would like to volunteer for this role, please '''submit your candidacy by April 24, 2023 23:59 [[:en:Anywhere_on_Earth|AoE (Anywhere on Earth)]] on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Nominations/2023|this Meta-Wiki page]]'''.

You can [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Wikimedia_Foundation_Elections_Committee_-_2023_Call_for_New_Members|'''read the full announcement here''']]. Thank you in advance for your interest! If you are not interested but know someone who might be, share this message with them. Please let me know if you have questions.

On behalf of the Elections Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:16, 14 Eprel 2023 (UTC)

== End of the Movement Charter ratification methodology community review ==

Hello,

The Movement Charter Drafting Committee has concluded its first community review of the methodology draft, which will be used to ratify the Movement Charter in 2024.

This community review included [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement_Charter|feedback collection on Meta]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930/6 Movement Strategy forum] as well as two [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation|conversation hours]] with communities and one conversation with the Committees of the Wikimedia projects. MCDC greatly appreciates everyone's input. The recording of the ratification methodology presentation is here and [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation/Notes_and_documentation|documentation can be accessed here]]. The timeline of the next steps of the methodology is [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AMC_Ratification_Methodology_-_April_2023.pdf&amp;page=33 provided here].

The WMF support team will produce a report on the community input in May. MCDC will incorporate the feedback and share an updated version of the ratification methodology in August 2023. The MCDC will continue to outreach to stakeholders regarding the updated methodology in late 2023.

Thank you for your participation!

On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 16:40, 3 Mee 2023 (UTC)

==Dates==
I've fixed up the templates {{Tlx|Birth date and age}} {{Tlx|Death date and age}} and possibly a few more to use Igbo month names.  

* I need to translate &quot;aged&quot; as in &quot;Nwürü	11 Novemba 2002 (aged 82)&quot;.  What word should I use?
* I've used Eprelụ should this be Eprel?

Let me know if there are any problems and I'll do my best to fix them.

[[Ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|ṅkátá]]) 21:35, 13 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Ozi maka atụmatụ ndi Wikimedia Foundation nke afọ 2024-25 ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

Ndi Wikimedia Foundation ebidola ihazi atụmatụ na ebumunuche ga eduzi ọrụ anyi ndi Wikimedia na afọ 2024-25. Eji mụ ohere na egosi  anyi  ozi onye isi nke Prodọktụ na Teknọlọji onye nke a na akpọ Selena Deckelmann dere gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche afọ ọhuru anyi na abanye na Wikimedia. Ndi Wikimedia Foundation si na ọdi oke mkpa ka anyi gụọ ebumunuche ha maka afọ 2024-25 ma gwa ha uche gi, ma jụọ kwa ha ajụjụ gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche ha deputara. Inwere ike iji asụsụ ọbula di gi nma (igbo ma ọbu na English) ide puta uche gi ma juọ ha ajụjụ ebea. 

[[User:UOzurumba_(WMF)| UOzurumba (WMF)]], ma ọbụ Mazi [[User:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]] ga elegide ihụ akwụkwọ a, ma nyere aka ziruo ha ozi, ma zaa ajuju ọbula inwere. Biko guọ ozi ya ebea, ma ọbụ ebe nzisa ozi nke [[wmfblog:2024/02/20/thinking-about-annual-planning-in-the-wikimedia-foundations-product-and-technology-department/|Diff]] na nke ọzọ a na akpọ [[metawiki:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2024-2025/Goals/Infrastructure|Meta]].


Daalụ nụ! -[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|ṅkátá]]) 17:35, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo n&lt;u&gt;ụ&lt;/u&gt; ndi Igbo Wikipedians!

Apologies, as this message is not in your language. &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Please-translate}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] proposes temporarily making Google Translate the default machine translation for your Wikipedia. Some months ago we set MinT, the new Wikimedia Foundation machine translation service, as the default for your language. However, we plan to revert this change. This is because we are [[phab:T363563|working on improving the reference support]] and fixing some bugs causing referencing issues when using MinT to translate.

During this period, contributors can still use the MinT by selecting it as an optional service. However, we want to limit its use to reduce the effect of using it as it is thereby imposing more work on translators to correct the issues manually. 

Please let us know in this thread if your community objects to our proposal and would rather have MinT as default, irrespective of our improvement plans. Rest assured, changing the default machine translation support is a temporary measure. We will notify you once we finish [[phab:T363569|the work]] and revert to MinT.

We appreciate your understanding and cooperation on this change. Daalụ nụ!

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:19, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] Thank you for the information, I am in support making Google translate temporarily the default machine translation for our Wikipedia. [[User:Akwugo|Akwugo]] ([[User talk:Akwugo|talk]])  20:54, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for the heads-up. I believe the Google translate can be temporarily used for the Igbo Wikipedia - but to be changed as soon as possible the MinT is up. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|ṅkátá]]) 04:08, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thanks @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] for this notice. The referencing errors also occur while using Google Translate... It's a good thing your team is working towards fixing these errors, you can go ahead with the plan. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:30, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thank you, @[[Ọbanife:Akwugo|Akwugo]], @[[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] and @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], for your response. I will let the WMF Language team know your take on this. 
:Best regards
:[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:20, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)

== Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians,

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] has been working on [[mw:MinT#MinT_for_wiki_readers|MinT for Wiki Readers]]. This feature will allow communities to access more content that is only available in other languages with machine translation in Wikipedia. The initial version of this feature is ready, and we would like the Igbo Wikipedia to be the first to test and have this feature since the Igbo community has been using MinT frequently to create translations. For this, our team would like you to read about the feature and [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ih%C3%BC_k%C3%A1r%C3%ADr%C3%AD:AutomaticTranslation '''test it'''] so you can:

* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve the feature
* Give us your feedback on enabling it in your Wikipedia

'''About the feature'''

The MinT for Wiki Readers is a feature that will allow readers of Igbo Wikipedia to expand their reading options and knowledge beyond the language they are familiar with in Wikipedia. For instance, if someone is interested in a topic or content that only exists in the Japanese language and the person is not familiar with the language. While using the mobile web version of Wikipedia, the reader can access the machine translation version of that content in the Igbo language from the language selector or the article's footer (as shown in the image below). 
{{Gallery
| align        = center
| height       =450
| width        =200
| whitebg      = no
| noborder     = yes
| File:MinT MVP Language Selector entry point video.webm|Language selector entry point.
| File:MinT_MVP_Article_footer_entry_point.png|Article footer entry point
}}

These machine-generated translations of content are clearly identified as such, and the human-created content is surfaced and recommended if available.

This feature is in its initial development. It is an early and functional version, and many aspects will be improved based on your community member's feedback on what works and what can be improved to better support your needs as readers.

'''How to try the tool'''

Before we enable this feature in your Wikipedia by the 17th June 2024, we invite members of your community to try MinT for Wiki Readers in Igbo Wikipedia at [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:AutomaticTranslation Special:AutomaticTranslation] and give us early feedback in this thread or on [[mw:Talk:MinT#Feedback_from_the_Igbo_Wikipedians_about_MinT_for_Wikipedia_Readers|this talk page]]. Our team would like to know your impression on:

* How do you use the feature
* Anything we should consider for our plans to enable it?
* Your ideas for improving it.

We greatly appreciate your time and effort in testing this tool. We eagerly look forward to your valuable feedback and questions, which will be instrumental in the further development of this feature. Thank you.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:06, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

== Temporary accounts may be rolled out in late October ==

Hello everyone. We are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team, working on digital security and online privacy issues. We are here to let you know about [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts|temporary accounts for unregistered (logged-out) editors]]. '''Later this month, we will be rolling them out on several pilot wikis, who will have the chance to test and share comments to improve the feature before it is deployed on all wikis in mid-2025.'''

'''This change is especially relevant to the logged-out editors and the more experienced community members like patrollers and admins – anyone who uses IP addresses when blocking users and keeping the wikis safe.'''

'''Based on data we have analyzed, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia is a great candidate for being a pilot.''' We wanted to share more about what temporary accounts are, what change they bring, why we think you would be a good piloting community, and what we can do together to make sure this change goes smoothly for everyone affected.

'''Legal mandate for this work'''

The Foundation’s Legal team requires that we change the ways in which logged-out editors interact with the wikis, and how their personal data is handled. The result is the creation of temporary accounts. We are doing it to keep up with legal changes and with the ways many people expect websites to operate, and to minimize risks to logged-out editors. ([[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ#Why_are_you_working_on_temporary_accounts_at_all?|See more on the legal aspect in our FAQ]] and the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates/Legal#July_2021|2021 update from the Legal team]].)

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb|400px]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: ~2024-1234567 (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after the account creation date. As long as the cookie exists, all edits made by this user from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

What does this mean for different groups of users?

{{hidden|For logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.
}}
{{hidden|For community members interacting with logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.
}}
{{hidden|For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range (&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Special:IPContributions]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mediawikiwiki:Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* We are and will be working with other users with advanced permissions, like stewards.  With useful feedback from these users, we have updated tools and scheduled deployments around these updates.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.
}}

'''Why we think the Igbo Wikipedia community will be a good pilot'''

In late October, we aim to deploy on approximately 10 small and medium-sized wikis. The goal is to ensure all critical functionality (patroller workflows, tools etc.) for temporary accounts work as expected. For that to happen, we want to make sure that people are comfortable with the changed functionality. We will do our best to support the piloting communities. After deploying and improving the functionality, we will keep temporary accounts here, and later, roll them out on more wikis.

We have pre-selected potential good pilots based on different factors. For example, we considered the following statistics and technical limitations: numbers of active IPs, editors, admins, IP edits per month, and lack of blockers related to the configuration of a given wiki. Human connections are even more important, and by that, we mean: availability of colleagues like @[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]], potential ambassadors and technical members of the respective communities, and communication with affiliates and hubs and their community support projects. Based on all these factors, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia will be a good pilot.

'''What we would ask of you and next steps'''

* If you'd like to learn more about temporary accounts, please ask! We will gladly address your questions, suggestions, and other thoughts!
* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers#How_should_I_update_my_code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options, including not piloting here on Igbo Wikipedia.

Before we deploy on the first pilots, we will complete some work. This includes creating a new public dashboard presenting the impact of temporary accounts on communities ([[phab:T357763|T357763]]), building a mechanism which will automatically give the eligible users the right to reveal IP addresses ([[phab:T327913|T327913]]), and [[phab:project/view/7289/|some other tasks]].

To learn more about the project, check out [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates|look at the latest updates]] and [[mediawikiwiki:Newsletter:T&amp;S_Product_projects|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you! [[User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and [[Ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:14, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Igbo Wikipedia ==

{{Int:Hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Igbo Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[Faịlụ:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[Faịlụ:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 20th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 01:38, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

{{Int:hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement this improvement on your wiki '''on Monday, March 10th, 2025''' and subsequently for other Wikipedias. We plan to roll it out on all wikis and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.

We look forward to your feedback after using the new dashboard. Please reach out with any questions regarding your experience with the enhanced dashboard in this thread.

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 06:03, 5 Maachị 2025 (UTC)

== Please block Donaldbert ==

Please block [[Ojiarụ:Donaldbert]] for their actions at [[Vargaći]], recreating a previously-deleted item and removing deletion tags. Note that this user also edits as [[Ojiarụ:Berlindrag]] and is indefinitely blocked at Wikidata for abuse of multiple accounts and promotion of this entity. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 16:50, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

:It looks like they may also be editing as [[Ojiarụ:Smith.886]]. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 18:56, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
:{{done}} [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 23:23, 5 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

== Ndozi ntụgharị asụsụ ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians. Ana m atụ aro ka anyị dezie ntụgharị asụsụ nke “Talk” site na Ṅkàtá iji gosipụta nke ọma ka Ńkàtá. Nke a ga-akwalite nhazi ọkwa ma melite ogo na ọrụ a. Biko kwadoo arịrịọ a.  Daalụ [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 14:24, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC))
* A kwadosiri m árò a ike maka nchekwa asụsụ Igbo. Nke ọbụla a na-asụpe, a sụpee ya ọfụma [[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|ṅkátá]]) 19:07, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A kwadoro m nhazi a, n’ihi na nsụpe nke a bụ nke kacha mma. Daalụnụ  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:49, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma.  [[Ọpụrụiche:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|&amp;#126;2025-29202-75]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|talk]]) 03:55, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma [[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 05:48, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado ya nke ukwuu maka na ọ tozuru ya [[Ojiarụ: Iwuala Chisom|Iwuala Chisom]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Iwuala Chisom|ṅkátá]]) 08:11, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

*Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma. [[User:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Senator Choko&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 21:35, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A na m akwado nhazi a. Ọ bụ ezigbo arọ  [[Ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|Epiphanus Jide]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|ṅkátá]]) 18:19, 19 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Will you help us test an updated Databox? ==

''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it''

Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes:

* A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item


* New parameters &lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;excludeProperties=&lt;/code&gt; can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays.
** '''&lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt;''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.&lt;br&gt; Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
** '''&lt;code&gt;excludeParameters=&lt;/code&gt;''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.&lt;br&gt;Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 

* The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}&lt;/code&gt;

=== How can you help? ===
Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs.

Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits).

The two Parameters will only show if the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.&lt;br&gt;[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].&lt;br&gt;
Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].&lt;br&gt;
Thank you, - [[Ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 4 Novemba 2025 (UTC) on behalf of the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] Team

== Invitation to a survey ==

Dear contributors to Wikipedia in Igbo,

Apologies for posting in English! 

My name is Mali, and as a part of my PhD program at the University of Oslo, Norway, I am investigating young language communities from less digitized languages on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects.

I have previously spoken to some contributors from the Igbo community, and it has been really interesting. Now I wish to expand my understanding of this community by inviting you to take a survey about your experiences as Wikipedia-editors.  

You find the survey here: https://nettskjema.no/a/577121

The survey should take around 10  minutes. I invite you to write freely about your experiences in the open questions.   

If you complete the survey before the 15&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; of December you have the possibility to win an electronic gift card worth 10 USD. Winners will be contacted directly after the survey. 


Feel free to contact me for further questions, directly on Wiki or on my email malikb@ifi.uio.no

Thank you! [[Ojiarụ:Malikbr|Malikbr]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Malikbr|ṅkátá]]) 11:49, 9 Disemba 2025 (UTC)

== Ọkwa maka bot flag request ==

Ndewo nnụ 👋

E tinyela m 'bot flag request' maka nnabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia.
Bot a ga-enye aka nabata ndị ọrụ ọhụrụ ma duzie ha otu ha ga-esi malite itinye aka.
Biko lelee ya ma kesaa echiche unu:
👉[[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests_for_approval/DolphybBot]]

Daalụ 🙏  [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 13:42, 8 Eprel 2026 (UTC)

==  [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat nomination ==

E ji m aṅụrị na-ahọpụta [[User:King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa Bureaucrat na ọrụ a.

Dịka onye nchịkwa, o gosipụtara nduzi siri ike, mkpebi ziri ezi, na nkwado maka otu ebe ọ na-akwado ma ndị ndezi ọhụrụ ma ndị ndezi nwere agba. Ọ na-egosipụta nghọta doro anya nke amụma Wikimedia na usoro otu, ekwere m na o nwere iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na ikike dị mkpa iji jee ozi nke ọma dị ka Bureaucrat.

Eji m obi m niile na-akwado ma na-ahọpụta ya maka ọrụ a.


'''Bekee'''

I am happy to nominate [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat on this project.

As an administrator, he has shown strong leadership, sound judgement, and dedication to community growth while supporting both new and experienced editors. He demonstrates a clear understanding of Wikimedia policies and community processes, and I believe he has the integrity and competence needed to serve effectively as a Bureaucrat.

I wholeheartedly support and recommend him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 14:21, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:Daalụ @[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] maka ịhọpụta m. Anam anabata ya nke ọma. [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 16:27, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::I vote in support of this nomination. He has shown a great deal of leadership skills and has a great eye for details. [[Ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|Vivian Amalachukwu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|ṅkátá]]) 16:43, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::Am also nominating King Christlike for Bureaucrat nomination..he has proven to be a great assist in contributing to the growth of wikipedia not just Igbo wikipedia but wikipedia as a whole [[Ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|Edozie Ojekwe]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|ṅkátá]]) 16:47, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado [[User:King ChristLike]], maka ọkwa nke ahọpụtara ya.  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#ffe900 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#ffe900 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 16:50, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Strong Support [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 17:29, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::He has consistently demonstrated excellent leadership, good judgment, and a strong commitment to the growth of the community, while actively supporting both new and experienced contributors. His solid understanding of Wikimedia policies and community procedures, along with his integrity and capability, make him well suited for the Bureaucrat role. I fully endorse and support [[User:King ChristLike]] nomination. [[Ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|ṅkátá]]) 17:42, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:User:King ChristLike has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby endorse him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 22:15, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
[[User:King ChristLike]] has shown concern and support for the Igbo Wikimedians Community.I hereby give my support to him. [[User:Chiziqa|Chiziqa]]

[[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 16:44, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) I hereby vote in support of [[user:king_ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. He is good at what he does and I believe he would perform the best if given the opportunity.[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 18:17, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby '''endorse''' him for this role.[[Ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|Lucy Iwuala]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|ṅkátá]]) 19:56, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

His commitment, contributions, teamwork, and willingness to support others in Wikimedia projects makes him a strong and deserving candidate. I strongly vote in support of [[User:King ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. 
[[Ojiarụ:Sylvaline39 |Sylvaline39]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Sylvaline39|ṅkátá]]) 10:25,1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] Is someone who leads by example. He is hardworking, reliable and always willing to support others. Whether it is in teamwork, leadership, or communication. He has proven time and time again that he have what it takes to serve effectively. I proudly nominate King ChristLike for the bureaucrat nomination.
[[Ojiarụ:Iwuala chisom|Iwuala chisom]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Iwuala chisom|ṅkátá]]) 11:14,2 Mee 2026 (UTC)

I am proud to endorse this nomination as [[User:King ChristLike]] has shown and is still on that path of supporting and ensuring that editors do the right thing, the right way. He is also passionate about Open source knowledge and he is duly deserving of this opportunity. [[Ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|Aminwa 21]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|ṅkátá]]) 22:18, 3 Mee 2026 (UTC)

A true definition of leadership! I strongly endorse [[User:King ChristLike] for this position. [[Ojiarụ: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Senator Choko|ṅkátá]]) 21:10, 6 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:A na m akwado:@[[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa a n'ihi na a maara m na ọ ga-emeli ihe dị na ya [[Ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|Geraldine Kene]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|ṅkátá]]) 06:49, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)

'''Kwado''' — A na m akwado nhọpụta a. [[User:King ChristLike]] na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ghọtakwara iwu ndị ahụ, ma na-ekwurịta okwu nke ọma na obodo Wikimedia ndị ọzọ na ndị editọ. Atụkwasịrị m ya obi na ngwaọrụ bureaucrat. Nke a bụ votu m nye ya. 

'''Support''' — I support this nomination. [[User:King ChristLike]] is active, understands the policies, and communicates well with other wikimedia communities and editors. I trust him with bureaucrat tools. This is a vote for him.
 [[Ojiarụ:Emmanuel Obiajulu|Emmanuel Obiajulu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Emmanuel Obiajulu|ṅkátá]]) 07:17, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>d7ykh7pjqrwmwv0hi6gkvqtabkb3tlm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>632952</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-13T08:30:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olugold</username>
        <id>12202</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* User:King ChristLike for Bureaucrat nomination */</comment>
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&lt;!-- Discussion notice starts --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #ff0; margin: 0 0 3px 0; padding: 0 2px 0 2px;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia talk:Ogbako Ọtú|'''Ihü ákíkó''']] dị maka okwu. Biko doséré okwu ébéahụ. Omemé gi detụ na ihü nkà.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- Header bar starts --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;toccolours&quot; id=&quot;siteNotice&quot;&quot;&gt;
[[Wikipedia:Requests_for_Adminship|Requests for Adminship]] | [[Wikipedia:Request_for_Bot_status|Request for Bot approval]] | [[:Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing _translation|Articles for Translation]] | [[:Category:Article nke ntakiri|Articles needing expansion]]&lt;/div&gt;

{{Íshí Nzọr Inglish}}
{{Ihe Anyi gi me}}

==Administrator access==
I would like to be an administrator on this Igbo wikipedia. '''[[User:Ukabia|Álúsí Wikipedia Ìgbo]]''' - [[User talk:Ukabia|okwú na ókà]] 17:21, 10 Önwa Asaa 2011 (UTC)

I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in order to fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve the main page etc. [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|Blossom Ozurumba]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|talk]]) 11:36, 1 Önwa Asáto 2017 (UTC)


I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in organizing the page,  fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve articles etc. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo | Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|talk]]) 17:35, 1 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

[[Category:Wikipedia]]
I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in correcting certain misspelt words which change the meaning of words in Igbo and hence reduce the interpretation and make the page difficult to use. 
--[[Ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|Chioma Onyema]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|talk]]) 08:46, 6 Ọnwaàsaà 2021 (UTC)

== Improving the translation support for the Igbo Wikipedia ==

''Sorry about not being able to write in Igbo. I hope someone can translate this!''

[[:mw:Content translation|Content translation]] has been successful in supporting the translation process on many Wikipedia communities, and we want to help additional wikis with potential to grow using translation as part of [[:mw:Content translation/Boost|a new initiative]].

Content translation facilitates the creation of Wikipedia articles by translating content from other languages. It has been used already to create more than half a million articles. In addition, the tool provides [[:mw:Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality|mechanisms to encourage the creation of good quality content]], preventing the publication of lightly edited machine translations. In general, our analysis shows that the translations produced are [[:mw:Content_translation/Deletion_statistics_comparison|less likely to be deleted than the articles started from scratch]].

Igbo Wikipedia editors have used Content translation to create [[Special:CXStats|more than three hundred articles]]. Given the size of the editing community, we think that there is potential to use translation to create more articles, expand existing ones, and attract new editors that learn how to make productive edits. Translation can help the community to reduce the language gap with other languages and grow the number of editors in a sustainable way. In order to achieve this goal, we want to collaborate with you to make Content translation more visible in the Igbo Wikipedia and support new ways to translate.

As a first step, during the next weeks we plan to enable Content translation by default on the Igbo Wikipedia. That will make it easy for users to discover the tool [[:mw:Help:Content_translation/Starting|through several entry points]]. However, users not interested in translation will still be able to disable it from their preferences.

Please feel free to share any comment in this conversation thread.

Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|Amir E. Aharoni (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|talk]]) 13:04, 4 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

Wwyx

Ụmụ nnem na ụmụ nnam, edeyerem akwụkwọ na meta wikipedia ka fa nyem ikike ma ye kwam ego ịji new ruọ oru. Biko kwado nu mu. Ebe ịga afu ya bu na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Female_Creators_on_Igbo_Wikipedia --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 07:50, 4 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to do a wikidata project on Nigerian female producers etc. the link is attached. I seek your advice and support. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Offordile234/Nigerian_Female_Film_Producers,_Directors_and_Actors_on_Wikidata --[[Ọbanife:Offordile234|Offordile234]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Offordile234|talk]]) 21:23, 10 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to add content and improve existing content in wikidata about Nigerian religious leaders and the churches. I will like your comments and if approved your participation. the link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/Nigerian_Religious_Institutions_on_Wikidata  --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 20:23, 12 Ọnwaànọ 2021 (UTC)

E debeyerem akwụkwọ ka eyem ego ịji rụọ ọrụ. The link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Permanent_Secretaries_and_Directors_General/Training Please comment and advice. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|talk]]) 11:50, 8 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

E tiyerem akwụkwọ ka ndị wikipedia yem ego maka ọrụ ịtiye foto na ụda onu nịme Igbo Wiktionary. Biko kwadom. Ebe ntịyere ya bụ na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Pictures_and_Voice_Notes_in_Igbo_Wiktionary  --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 11:03, 12 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a project in wikidata. I will will appreciate your comment and support. the project link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/CEOs_of_Quoted_Companies_in_Nigeria --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 13:13, 5 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Obodo Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ezigbo mmadu niile,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/Mahadum_Federal_na_Steeti,_Polytechnics_na_K%E1%BB%8Dleji_nke_Mm%E1%BB%A5ta_na_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Mahadum Federal na Steeti, Polytechnics na Kọleji nke Mmụta na Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|talk]]) 21:21, 9 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Photowalk of Minna, Niger state ==

Ndewo ndi nkem,
Pls find attached my [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/OtuNwachinemere/Photowalk_of_Minna,_Niger_State_Nigeria#Activities project grant] request for your endorsement and collaboration.
Thanks --[[Ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|OtuNwachinemere]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|talk]]) 12:48, 15 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

==META WIKI INTERFACE TRANSLATION==
I have applied for translation of the meta wiki interface translation for Igbo Wiktionary which is still in the incubator. your contribution and support will be appreciated. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Igbo_Language_MetaWiki_interface_translation  --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 07:45, 15 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ndewo onye ọ bụla,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/%E1%BB%A4m%E1%BB%A5_Nwanyi_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nkuzi_na_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nch%E1%BB%8Dp%E1%BB%A5ta_n%27%E1%BB%A5l%E1%BB%8D_Akw%E1%BB%A5kw%E1%BB%8D_Mmuta_di_elu_nke_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Ụmụ Nwanyi ndị Nkuzi na ndị Nchọpụta n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mmuta di elu nke Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|kwuo]]) 10:15, 14 Ọnwa iri na otù 2021 (UTC)

== Deployment of FLORES Machine Translation to Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndị ọma!

Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The WMF Language team has added another machine translation (MT) support for the Content Translation in Igbo Wikipedia called FLORES. This means that you can choose to use [https://ai.facebook.com/blog/the-flores-101-data-set-helping-build-better-translation-systems-around-the-world/ FLORES machine translation] when translating Wikipedia articles to Igbo using [https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation the Content Translation tool].
 
The FLORES Machine Translation service is provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta] through a free for use API key that allows the Content Translation to access the service on the FLORES server for an evaluation trial period. This MT is set as optional; in your Wikipedia, which means you can choose not to use it as your preferred initial translator. If you decide to use this service, you can select &quot;FLORES&quot; from the &quot;Initial Translation&quot; dropdown menu where you will find other existing machine translation services on the sidebar.
 
The Wikimedia Foundation has worked out an agreement that allows the use of FLORES without compromising Wikipedia’s policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user, and brand representation. You can find more information about the FLORES Machine translation on [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Meta|this page]].
 
Please note that the use of the FLORES MT is optional. However, we would want your community to:
*use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service; and
*[[mw:Talk:Content_translation|provide feedback]] about its quality and ask any questions you might have about this addition.
 
We trust that this addition is a good support to the Content Translations tool towards having better quality articles in Igbo Wikipedia.
 
Daalụ nụ! 

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:02, 7 Ọnwa abụọ 2022 (UTC)

== Making Flores a default Machine Translation for three months in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

The WMF Language team would like to make [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores Flores], provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta], the default machine translation support in your Wikipedia Content Translation tool for a test period of 3 months.

The above experiment will help us determine how useful the Machine Translation is for your community more reliably. By setting Flores as the default service, we expect more content to be created by using it and the data about its quality to be more representative. We plan to effect this change on 11th April 2022 unless your community has an objection not to make the FLORES the default Machine translation. 

It is okay if individuals decide to select their default service, which would also be helpful to understand user preferences. However, we would encourage you to use it. After three months, we would revert to the initial default machine translation unless your community thinks otherwise. 

We thank you for your support and look forward to the outcome of this test.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 18:48, 28 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.


I have recently applied for a grant on training and competition for senior citizens. it is a proposal to bring in more senior citizens to join the wikipedia family. it will be a training and competion for participating seniors. will appreciate your suggestions.--[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|kwuo]]) 14:55, 26 Ọnwa ise 2022 (UTC)

== Reverting to Google as the default Machine Translation in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi nkem!

Three months ago, the WMF Language team set the [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores|Flores]] Machine Translation (MT) support as the default in your Wikipedia which just ended.

So, we want to revert to the initial default Machine translation support for the Content translation tool in Zulu Wikipedia unless there are objections from your community to retain the Flores as your default MT.

We will wait two weeks for your feedback in this thread on the above, and If there are no objections to reverting to the [[mw:Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation#Google_Translate|Google Translate]], we will make the Google MT the default translation in your Content translation tool after the 25th of July, 2022.

Thank you so much, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:40, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) On hehalf of the WMF Language team.

:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] thank you for the update. Speaking for myself and from feedback from other community members, Flores has more accurate translations than Google Translate and we would prefer to keep Flores as default.
:Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:54, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)
::Thank you @[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] for the feedback. This means we will not be reverting to Google since the community prefers Flores because it is more accurate. We will leave Flores as the default Machine Translation, while the Google Machine translation will be optional.
::Best regards. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 19:06, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

== &quot;Talk page&quot; ==

Hi!

At a translatewiki training on July 30, there was a side discussion about the right word to use for &quot;Talk&quot;, &quot;Talk page&quot;, &quot;Discussion&quot;, etc.

&quot;Talk page&quot; refers to pages on which editors discuss the following things:
* The article—how to write it, what to include, what to exclude, what terminology to use, etc.
* General Wikipedia matters—policies, style, appointing administrators, etc.
* Direct conversations with users (&quot;user talk page&quot;).

As a general comment, in English, the words &quot;discussion&quot; and &quot;talk&quot; are used for this, but it's actually the same thing, and can be translated with the same word in Igbo.

The words that I can see here are:
* Mkparita ụka
* nkàta
* Akíkó
* Nkpata okà
* Kuwa akíkó
* kwuo
* okwu

There may also be other words that I haven't noticed.

I recommend choosing consistent translations for &quot;talk&quot; and &quot;talk page&quot;, and using them consistently. [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 11:05, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

:Thank you for this recommendation @[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amire80]]. Best, [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 14:40, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

== Atụmatụ ịgbanwe aha &quot;talk spaces&quot; anyị  ==

Ndewo ụmụnne! Ọ ga-amasị m ịtụ aro ka anyị gbanwee aha 'talk spaces' n'asụsụ Igbo site na &quot;Okwu&quot; gaa na &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot;, n'ihi na ọ dị m ka &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot; na-akọwa ọrụ ya nke ọma karịa 'Okwu'. Ewelitere nke a n'oge usoro nkwado maka Wiktionary Igbo na Wikiquote na Meta. Iji gbanwee nke a, anyị kwesịrị igosi ebe anyị nwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a, yabụ biko kwupụta echiche gị banyere mgbanwe a n'okpuru - ọ bụrụ na ịnwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a n'ime izu ole na ole a n'abia, anyị nwere ike ịrịọ ka ha gbanwee ya. Ọ bụrụ na anyị kpebie ịgbanwe aha ndị ahụ, aha ochie nọ ebe a ga-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ, mana ọ gaghị abụ aha na-egosipụta na ibe okwu. Mee ka m mara ihe ị chere! Ya gazie! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:01, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ ga adị ezigbo mkpa ma ha mgbanwe ibe okwu dị na Wikipidia anyị. E kweyere m nke ọma ka e mee mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 15:12, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Imeela na nzaghachi gị @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 
(UTC)

:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 08:35, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Ndewo na nkwado gị @[[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m na mgbanwe aha a n'ihi na &quot;Nkàta&quot; ka kọwaa ya karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|Uzoejinwa]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|kwuo]]) 9:22, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:A nam eche na &quot;Nkàtá&quot; kọwara ihe a na-ekwu maka ya karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. N'ihi nke a, e kwenyere m na mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 08:49, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Eziokwu ka ikwuru @[[Ọbanife:Timzy D'Great|Timzy D'Great]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:19, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ bụ ihe ziri ezi ime ya bụ ḿgbánwè. &quot;Ńkàtá&quot; kasịrị daba adaba nke ọma karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. Ekwenyere m na nke ahụ. [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Dabere16]]
([[Okwu Ọbanife: Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 11:02, 6 Satọnafọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ dị mma maka &quot;Nkàta&quot; bụ aha ya kpọmkwem ma kakwa wee kọwaa ya nke oma karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|Achukwu Onyinye]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|kwuo]]) 1:11, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

: This change is a welcome development since it is a known fact that language is dynamic; hence Igbo language is no exception to this dynamism and as such, ''Nkata'' captures the content of the discussion. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 13:37, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m na nke a [[Ọbanife:Lebron jay|Lebron jay]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Lebron jay|kwuo]]) 14:04, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m ka a gbanwee áhà a site N'okwụ baa na ńkàtá maka ọ dabara nke ọma. [[Jabinekene:Ekene Amaechi|Ekene Amaechi]]  04:00, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

I agree to the change of the name ọ f &quot;Talk Places&quot; to &quot;Nkata&quot; because it gives to real meaning of the word in Igbo Language rather than&quot;talk&quot; [[Ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|Chikeme Chizurum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|kwuo]]) 02:55, 8 Ọnwa asatọ  2022 (UTC)

==Usoro ọdide asụsụ Igbo==
===Ndakọrịta Udaume (Vowel Harmony)===
Ndakọrịta Udaume bụ usoro iwu odide Igbo wubere na ụdaume Igbo ga-agbaso mgbe eji ha emebe mkpụrụokwu maọbụ ekwu okwu.
N'asụsụ Igbo e nwere ụdaume asatọ, Ha bụ '''''a e i ị o ọ u ụ'''''. E kere Ụdaume ndị a ụzọ abụọ .
1) Ụdamfe/Otu A: a  ị  ọ  ụ. Otu A nwere kpọm n'okpuru ha ma ewepụ a
2) Ụdaarọ/Otu E: e  i  o  u. Otu E enweghị kpọm n'okpuru ha
Iwu megidere na mgbe ọbụla ụdaume si n'otu nke ọbula na-emebe okwu, mara na mkpụrụokwu ahụ ga ejupụta na ụdaume si n'otu ahụ.
Ọmụmaatụ: 
Okwu ndị si n'Otu A---
Ọgụ (fight)
Ụdọ (rope)
Azịza (broom)
ịgba (Drum) 
          
Okwu ndị si n'Otu E---
Ezi (Pig) 
Udo (peace)
Iko (Cup)
Olulu (Pit)
===Ede ụdaume na-ada iwu ndakọrịta===
1) Aha mmadụ:
Ọbiageli
Ijeọma
Chigaekwu
Chukwuma 
wee dịrị gawa
2) Okwu ọkpụ: Okwu ndị nna anyị ha na-ekwu ọkpụtọrọkpụ dịka: Ngaji
                                                            Omenala
                                                            Dibịa
                                                            Ụdaume
Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta iwu ndakọrịta Ụdaume nke ọma iji mata ma ghọta ụfọdụ mgbanwe dị n'ụtọasụsụ Igbo.

== STUDY ON WHY WIKIPEDIA IS NOT BEING USED IN NIGERIAN CLASSROOM ==
The Igbo Language and Culture Institute has applied for a project to conduct a research on Overcoming Challenges of Introducing Wikipedia in Nigeria Classroom. your suggestions will be appreciated. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 10:36, 19 Ọgọọst 2022 (UTC)

== The name of this page ==

Hi!

What should be the name of this page: &quot;Nzọr ogbako&quot;, &quot;Ogbako otú&quot;, or something else? [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 07:40, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Namespace names ==

Hi,

I spoke to @[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]], and she found many mistakes in the names of namespaces on this wiki.

This problem needs a thorough solution. As a first step, I'd love to know the Igbo Wikipedia's community opinion about several terms. For each of the following terms, there must be one consistent term used everywhere, because all these words are very common and important:

;Special
:This must be the translation of the word &quot;special&quot; in &quot;special page&quot;. (The word &quot;page&quot; is not needed, only &quot;special&quot;.) The current translation is &quot;Ihü kárírí&quot;, and it's probably incorrect. Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ọpụrụiche&quot;.
;Talk ''or'' Discussion
:&quot;Talk pages&quot; or &quot;Discussion pages&quot; are pages where editors have discussions about articles or about other topics. For example, &quot;Talk:Nigeria&quot; is the talk page of the article &quot;Nigeria&quot;, and &quot;User talk:Amire80&quot; is the personal talk page of User:Amire80. In English, the words &quot;Talk&quot; and &quot;Discussion&quot; are both used, but it's the same thing, so you can use one word in Igbo. The current translation is &quot;Okwu&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ńkàtá&quot;.
;User
:A user is anyone who uses the wiki as a reader or an editor. The current word is &quot;Ọbanife&quot;. Oby Ezeilo recommends the word &quot;Ojiarụ&quot;.
;File
:Files on Wikipedia usually store photos, videos, or documents. The current word is &quot;Usòrò&quot;, and it's probably wrong. What should be the correct translation?
;Template
:A template is a piece of text or code that can be embedded in other pages. Common examples of templates are infoboxes, citations, tags at the top of the article, etc. The current word is &quot;Àtụ&quot;. Is it good?
;Help
:Help pages are pages that explain how to use Wikipedia. Some examples of English-language help pages: [[:w:en:Help:Recent changes|Help:Recent changes]], [[:w:en:Help:Table|Help:Table]], etc. The current word is &quot;Nkwadọ&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Enyemaka&quot;.
;Category
:A category is a group of pages that have a similar topic. For example, the Wikipedia articles about [[:w:en:Leymah Gbowee|Leymah Gbowee]], [[:w:en:Andrei Sakharov|Andrei Sakharov]], and [[:w:en:Alva Myrdal|Alva Myrdal]] all belong to the &quot;Nobel Peace Prize laureates&quot; category in the English Wikipedia, and are automatically listed on that category's page: [[:w:en:Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]]. The current word is &quot;Òtù&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Katigori&quot;.

What do other Igbo Wikipedia editors think? How should these words be written in Igbo?

Here's the list again, briefly:
* Special
* Talk
* User
* File
* Template
* Help
* Category

Please reply here.

Once everyone agrees on these terms' translation, it will be possible to write correct translations for all the namespace names.

Thank you! :) [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 08:13, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Hello Amir, thank you for this question. After so much deliberation in our community, we voted this: 


Here's the list, 

* Special -Ọpụrụiche
* Talk - Ṅkàtá
* User -Ojiarụ
* File -Faịlụ
* Template -Templeeti 
* Help -Enyemaka
* Category - Otú
Thank you!
[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 17:04, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I highly support the introduction of these newly translated words. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 18:21, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
:I Strongly support the use of these terms Tochiprecious listed above. Thanks [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 18:22, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

I am in support of the names translation, because it will be of a great help to our community.
[[Ọbanife: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Okwu ọbanife: Senator Choko|kwuo]]) 18:16, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Effecting these changes on the page will make it more understandable to the users. I'm in support of these new developments. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 18:03, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
::I support this.. I support the new name translation brought up here [[Ọbanife:Sayvhior|Sayvhior]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Sayvhior|kwuo]]) 19:55, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

::I support those new translations to be put to use.  [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Daberechi16]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 12:36, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I strongly support these changes as it makes them more understandable. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 09:06, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Upcoming vote on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct ==

Hello all,

In mid-January 2023, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] will undergo a second community-wide ratification vote. This follows [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting/Results|the March 2022 vote]], which resulted in a majority of voters supporting the Enforcement Guidelines. During the vote, participants helped highlight important community concerns. The Board’s [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] requested that these areas of concern be reviewed.

The volunteer-led [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee_members|Revisions Committee]] worked hard reviewing community input and making changes. They updated areas of concern, such as training and affirmation requirements, privacy and transparency in the process, and readability and translatability of the document itself.

The revised Enforcement Guidelines can be viewed '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|here]]''', and a comparison of changes can be found '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Comparison|here]]'''.

'''How to vote?'''

Beginning '''January 17, 2023''', voting will be open. '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|This page on Meta-wiki]]''' outlines information on how to vote using SecurePoll.

'''Who can vote?'''

The '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information#Voting_eligibility|eligibility requirements]]''' for this vote are the same as for the Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections. See the voter information page for more details about voter eligibility. If you are an eligible voter, you can use your Wikimedia account to access the voting server.

'''What happens after the vote?'''

Votes will be scrutinized by an independent group of volunteers, and the results will be published on Wikimedia-l, the Movement Strategy Forum, Diff and on Meta-wiki. Voters will again be able to vote and share concerns they have about the guidelines. The Board of Trustees will look at the levels of support and concerns raised as they look at how the Enforcement Guidelines should be ratified or developed further.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, 

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 08:59, 10 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Universal Code of Conduct revised enforcement guidelines vote results ==

The recent community-wide vote on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct revised Enforcement Guidelines]] has been tallied and scrutinized. Thank you to everyone who participated.

After 3097 voters from 146 Wikimedia communities voted, the results are 76% in support of the Enforcement Guidelines, and 24% in opposition. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|Statistics]] for the vote are available. A more detailed summary of comments submitted during the vote will be published soon.

From here, the results and comments collected during this vote will be submitted to the Board of Trustees for their review. The current expectation is that the Board of Trustees review process will complete in March 2023. We will update you when their review process is completed.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:54, 16 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Community feedback cycle about updating the Wikimedia Terms of use starts ==

Hello everyone,

[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is organizing a feedback-cycle with community members to discuss updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use.

[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Terms_of_Use|The Terms of Use (ToU)]] are the legal terms that govern the use of websites hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. We will be gathering your feedback on a draft proposal from February through April. The draft will be translated into several languages, with written feedback accepted in any language.

This update comes in response to several things:

* Implementing the Universal Code of Conduct
* Updating project text to the Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license
* Proposal for better addressing undisclosed paid editing
* Bringing our terms in line with current and recently passed laws affecting the Foundation, including the European Digital Services Act

As part of the feedback cycle two office hours will be held, the first on March 2, the second on April 4.

For further information, please consult:

* The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|proposed update of the ToU by comparison]]
* The page for your [[metawiki:Talk:Terms_of_use|feedback]]
* Information about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|the office hours]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 13:00, 21 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Reminder: Office hours about updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use ==

: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Legal+department%2F2023+ToU+updates%2FOffice+hours%2FReminder&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello everyone,

This a reminder that the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is hosting [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|office hours]] with community members about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use]].

The office hours will be held today, '''March 2, from 17:00 UTC to 18:30 UTC.''' See for more [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|details here on Meta]].

Another office hours will be held on April 4.

We hereby kindly invite you to participate in the discussion. Please note that this meeting will be held in English language and led by the members of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team, who will take and answer your questions. Facilitators from the Movement Strategy and Governance Team will provide the necessary assistance and other meeting-related services.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 11:55, 2 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Board of Trustees have ratified the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines ==
: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FRevised+enforcement+guidelines%2FAnnouncement+-+Board+ratification&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello all, an important update on the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines:

The vote on the Enforcement Guidelines in January 2023 showed a majority approval of the Enforcement Guidelines. There were 369 comments received and a detailed summary of the comments will be published shortly. Just over three-thousand (3097) voters voted and 76% approved of the Enforcement Guidelines. You can view the '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|vote statistics on Meta-wiki]]'''.

As the support increased, this signifies to the Board that the current version has addressed some of the issues indicated during the last review in 2022. The Board of Trustees voted to ratify the Enforcement Guidelines. The [[foundation:Resolution:Approval_of_Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Enforcement_Guidelines|resolution can be found on Foundation wiki]] and you can read more about the [[wmfblog:2023/03/21/the-enforcement-guidelines-received-strong-support-from-the-community-what-happens-next/|process behind the 2023 Enforcement Guidelines review on Diff.]]

There are some next steps to take with the important recommendations provided by the Enforcement Guidelines. More details will come soon about timelines. Thank you for your interest and participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:01, 23 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Elections Committee: Call for New Members ==

Hello everyone,

The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Wikimedia Foundation elections committee]] (Elections Committee) is, from today until April 24, seeking an additional 2–4 members to help facilitate the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustee (Board) selection process.

The 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election is being planned. New members are invited to join the Elections Committee. The Elections Committee oversees the Board of Trustees community seat selection process. Join the committee and contribute your valuable skills and ideas to the Trustee selection process.

There are eight community- and affiliate-selected seats on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_of_Trustees|the Wikimedia Foundation Board]]. The wider Wikimedia community votes for community members to occupy these seats. In 2024, the Elections Committee will oversee this selection process for the community- and affiliate-selected seats with expiring terms. This process will be supported by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Elections Committee members sign up for three-year terms and will be asked to [[phab:L37|sign a confidentiality agreement]]. Members can expect to contribute 2–5 hours per week before the selection process and 5–8 hours per week during the selection process.

As an Elections Committee member, you will be responsible for:

* Attending online meetings between now and the next election (mid-2024)
* Attending onboarding and online training in May–June 2023
* Working with the Committee to fulfill its [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Elections_Committee_Charter|other responsibilities]]

New members should have the following qualities:

* Fluency in English
* Responsiveness to email collaboration
* Knowledge of the movement and movement governance

If you would like to volunteer for this role, please '''submit your candidacy by April 24, 2023 23:59 [[:en:Anywhere_on_Earth|AoE (Anywhere on Earth)]] on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Nominations/2023|this Meta-Wiki page]]'''.

You can [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Wikimedia_Foundation_Elections_Committee_-_2023_Call_for_New_Members|'''read the full announcement here''']]. Thank you in advance for your interest! If you are not interested but know someone who might be, share this message with them. Please let me know if you have questions.

On behalf of the Elections Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:16, 14 Eprel 2023 (UTC)

== End of the Movement Charter ratification methodology community review ==

Hello,

The Movement Charter Drafting Committee has concluded its first community review of the methodology draft, which will be used to ratify the Movement Charter in 2024.

This community review included [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement_Charter|feedback collection on Meta]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930/6 Movement Strategy forum] as well as two [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation|conversation hours]] with communities and one conversation with the Committees of the Wikimedia projects. MCDC greatly appreciates everyone's input. The recording of the ratification methodology presentation is here and [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation/Notes_and_documentation|documentation can be accessed here]]. The timeline of the next steps of the methodology is [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AMC_Ratification_Methodology_-_April_2023.pdf&amp;page=33 provided here].

The WMF support team will produce a report on the community input in May. MCDC will incorporate the feedback and share an updated version of the ratification methodology in August 2023. The MCDC will continue to outreach to stakeholders regarding the updated methodology in late 2023.

Thank you for your participation!

On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 16:40, 3 Mee 2023 (UTC)

==Dates==
I've fixed up the templates {{Tlx|Birth date and age}} {{Tlx|Death date and age}} and possibly a few more to use Igbo month names.  

* I need to translate &quot;aged&quot; as in &quot;Nwürü	11 Novemba 2002 (aged 82)&quot;.  What word should I use?
* I've used Eprelụ should this be Eprel?

Let me know if there are any problems and I'll do my best to fix them.

[[Ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|ṅkátá]]) 21:35, 13 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Ozi maka atụmatụ ndi Wikimedia Foundation nke afọ 2024-25 ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

Ndi Wikimedia Foundation ebidola ihazi atụmatụ na ebumunuche ga eduzi ọrụ anyi ndi Wikimedia na afọ 2024-25. Eji mụ ohere na egosi  anyi  ozi onye isi nke Prodọktụ na Teknọlọji onye nke a na akpọ Selena Deckelmann dere gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche afọ ọhuru anyi na abanye na Wikimedia. Ndi Wikimedia Foundation si na ọdi oke mkpa ka anyi gụọ ebumunuche ha maka afọ 2024-25 ma gwa ha uche gi, ma jụọ kwa ha ajụjụ gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche ha deputara. Inwere ike iji asụsụ ọbula di gi nma (igbo ma ọbu na English) ide puta uche gi ma juọ ha ajụjụ ebea. 

[[User:UOzurumba_(WMF)| UOzurumba (WMF)]], ma ọbụ Mazi [[User:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]] ga elegide ihụ akwụkwọ a, ma nyere aka ziruo ha ozi, ma zaa ajuju ọbula inwere. Biko guọ ozi ya ebea, ma ọbụ ebe nzisa ozi nke [[wmfblog:2024/02/20/thinking-about-annual-planning-in-the-wikimedia-foundations-product-and-technology-department/|Diff]] na nke ọzọ a na akpọ [[metawiki:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2024-2025/Goals/Infrastructure|Meta]].


Daalụ nụ! -[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|ṅkátá]]) 17:35, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo n&lt;u&gt;ụ&lt;/u&gt; ndi Igbo Wikipedians!

Apologies, as this message is not in your language. &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Please-translate}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] proposes temporarily making Google Translate the default machine translation for your Wikipedia. Some months ago we set MinT, the new Wikimedia Foundation machine translation service, as the default for your language. However, we plan to revert this change. This is because we are [[phab:T363563|working on improving the reference support]] and fixing some bugs causing referencing issues when using MinT to translate.

During this period, contributors can still use the MinT by selecting it as an optional service. However, we want to limit its use to reduce the effect of using it as it is thereby imposing more work on translators to correct the issues manually. 

Please let us know in this thread if your community objects to our proposal and would rather have MinT as default, irrespective of our improvement plans. Rest assured, changing the default machine translation support is a temporary measure. We will notify you once we finish [[phab:T363569|the work]] and revert to MinT.

We appreciate your understanding and cooperation on this change. Daalụ nụ!

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:19, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] Thank you for the information, I am in support making Google translate temporarily the default machine translation for our Wikipedia. [[User:Akwugo|Akwugo]] ([[User talk:Akwugo|talk]])  20:54, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for the heads-up. I believe the Google translate can be temporarily used for the Igbo Wikipedia - but to be changed as soon as possible the MinT is up. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|ṅkátá]]) 04:08, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thanks @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] for this notice. The referencing errors also occur while using Google Translate... It's a good thing your team is working towards fixing these errors, you can go ahead with the plan. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:30, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thank you, @[[Ọbanife:Akwugo|Akwugo]], @[[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] and @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], for your response. I will let the WMF Language team know your take on this. 
:Best regards
:[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:20, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)

== Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians,

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] has been working on [[mw:MinT#MinT_for_wiki_readers|MinT for Wiki Readers]]. This feature will allow communities to access more content that is only available in other languages with machine translation in Wikipedia. The initial version of this feature is ready, and we would like the Igbo Wikipedia to be the first to test and have this feature since the Igbo community has been using MinT frequently to create translations. For this, our team would like you to read about the feature and [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ih%C3%BC_k%C3%A1r%C3%ADr%C3%AD:AutomaticTranslation '''test it'''] so you can:

* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve the feature
* Give us your feedback on enabling it in your Wikipedia

'''About the feature'''

The MinT for Wiki Readers is a feature that will allow readers of Igbo Wikipedia to expand their reading options and knowledge beyond the language they are familiar with in Wikipedia. For instance, if someone is interested in a topic or content that only exists in the Japanese language and the person is not familiar with the language. While using the mobile web version of Wikipedia, the reader can access the machine translation version of that content in the Igbo language from the language selector or the article's footer (as shown in the image below). 
{{Gallery
| align        = center
| height       =450
| width        =200
| whitebg      = no
| noborder     = yes
| File:MinT MVP Language Selector entry point video.webm|Language selector entry point.
| File:MinT_MVP_Article_footer_entry_point.png|Article footer entry point
}}

These machine-generated translations of content are clearly identified as such, and the human-created content is surfaced and recommended if available.

This feature is in its initial development. It is an early and functional version, and many aspects will be improved based on your community member's feedback on what works and what can be improved to better support your needs as readers.

'''How to try the tool'''

Before we enable this feature in your Wikipedia by the 17th June 2024, we invite members of your community to try MinT for Wiki Readers in Igbo Wikipedia at [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:AutomaticTranslation Special:AutomaticTranslation] and give us early feedback in this thread or on [[mw:Talk:MinT#Feedback_from_the_Igbo_Wikipedians_about_MinT_for_Wikipedia_Readers|this talk page]]. Our team would like to know your impression on:

* How do you use the feature
* Anything we should consider for our plans to enable it?
* Your ideas for improving it.

We greatly appreciate your time and effort in testing this tool. We eagerly look forward to your valuable feedback and questions, which will be instrumental in the further development of this feature. Thank you.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:06, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

== Temporary accounts may be rolled out in late October ==

Hello everyone. We are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team, working on digital security and online privacy issues. We are here to let you know about [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts|temporary accounts for unregistered (logged-out) editors]]. '''Later this month, we will be rolling them out on several pilot wikis, who will have the chance to test and share comments to improve the feature before it is deployed on all wikis in mid-2025.'''

'''This change is especially relevant to the logged-out editors and the more experienced community members like patrollers and admins – anyone who uses IP addresses when blocking users and keeping the wikis safe.'''

'''Based on data we have analyzed, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia is a great candidate for being a pilot.''' We wanted to share more about what temporary accounts are, what change they bring, why we think you would be a good piloting community, and what we can do together to make sure this change goes smoothly for everyone affected.

'''Legal mandate for this work'''

The Foundation’s Legal team requires that we change the ways in which logged-out editors interact with the wikis, and how their personal data is handled. The result is the creation of temporary accounts. We are doing it to keep up with legal changes and with the ways many people expect websites to operate, and to minimize risks to logged-out editors. ([[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ#Why_are_you_working_on_temporary_accounts_at_all?|See more on the legal aspect in our FAQ]] and the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates/Legal#July_2021|2021 update from the Legal team]].)

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb|400px]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: ~2024-1234567 (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after the account creation date. As long as the cookie exists, all edits made by this user from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

What does this mean for different groups of users?

{{hidden|For logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.
}}
{{hidden|For community members interacting with logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.
}}
{{hidden|For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range (&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Special:IPContributions]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mediawikiwiki:Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* We are and will be working with other users with advanced permissions, like stewards.  With useful feedback from these users, we have updated tools and scheduled deployments around these updates.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.
}}

'''Why we think the Igbo Wikipedia community will be a good pilot'''

In late October, we aim to deploy on approximately 10 small and medium-sized wikis. The goal is to ensure all critical functionality (patroller workflows, tools etc.) for temporary accounts work as expected. For that to happen, we want to make sure that people are comfortable with the changed functionality. We will do our best to support the piloting communities. After deploying and improving the functionality, we will keep temporary accounts here, and later, roll them out on more wikis.

We have pre-selected potential good pilots based on different factors. For example, we considered the following statistics and technical limitations: numbers of active IPs, editors, admins, IP edits per month, and lack of blockers related to the configuration of a given wiki. Human connections are even more important, and by that, we mean: availability of colleagues like @[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]], potential ambassadors and technical members of the respective communities, and communication with affiliates and hubs and their community support projects. Based on all these factors, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia will be a good pilot.

'''What we would ask of you and next steps'''

* If you'd like to learn more about temporary accounts, please ask! We will gladly address your questions, suggestions, and other thoughts!
* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers#How_should_I_update_my_code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options, including not piloting here on Igbo Wikipedia.

Before we deploy on the first pilots, we will complete some work. This includes creating a new public dashboard presenting the impact of temporary accounts on communities ([[phab:T357763|T357763]]), building a mechanism which will automatically give the eligible users the right to reveal IP addresses ([[phab:T327913|T327913]]), and [[phab:project/view/7289/|some other tasks]].

To learn more about the project, check out [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates|look at the latest updates]] and [[mediawikiwiki:Newsletter:T&amp;S_Product_projects|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you! [[User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and [[Ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:14, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Igbo Wikipedia ==

{{Int:Hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Igbo Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[Faịlụ:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[Faịlụ:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 20th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 01:38, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

{{Int:hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement this improvement on your wiki '''on Monday, March 10th, 2025''' and subsequently for other Wikipedias. We plan to roll it out on all wikis and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.

We look forward to your feedback after using the new dashboard. Please reach out with any questions regarding your experience with the enhanced dashboard in this thread.

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 06:03, 5 Maachị 2025 (UTC)

== Please block Donaldbert ==

Please block [[Ojiarụ:Donaldbert]] for their actions at [[Vargaći]], recreating a previously-deleted item and removing deletion tags. Note that this user also edits as [[Ojiarụ:Berlindrag]] and is indefinitely blocked at Wikidata for abuse of multiple accounts and promotion of this entity. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 16:50, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

:It looks like they may also be editing as [[Ojiarụ:Smith.886]]. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 18:56, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
:{{done}} [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 23:23, 5 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

== Ndozi ntụgharị asụsụ ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians. Ana m atụ aro ka anyị dezie ntụgharị asụsụ nke “Talk” site na Ṅkàtá iji gosipụta nke ọma ka Ńkàtá. Nke a ga-akwalite nhazi ọkwa ma melite ogo na ọrụ a. Biko kwadoo arịrịọ a.  Daalụ [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 14:24, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC))
* A kwadosiri m árò a ike maka nchekwa asụsụ Igbo. Nke ọbụla a na-asụpe, a sụpee ya ọfụma [[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|ṅkátá]]) 19:07, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A kwadoro m nhazi a, n’ihi na nsụpe nke a bụ nke kacha mma. Daalụnụ  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:49, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma.  [[Ọpụrụiche:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|&amp;#126;2025-29202-75]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|talk]]) 03:55, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma [[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 05:48, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado ya nke ukwuu maka na ọ tozuru ya [[Ojiarụ: Iwuala Chisom|Iwuala Chisom]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Iwuala Chisom|ṅkátá]]) 08:11, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

*Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma. [[User:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Senator Choko&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 21:35, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A na m akwado nhazi a. Ọ bụ ezigbo arọ  [[Ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|Epiphanus Jide]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|ṅkátá]]) 18:19, 19 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Will you help us test an updated Databox? ==

''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it''

Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes:

* A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item


* New parameters &lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;excludeProperties=&lt;/code&gt; can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays.
** '''&lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt;''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.&lt;br&gt; Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
** '''&lt;code&gt;excludeParameters=&lt;/code&gt;''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.&lt;br&gt;Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 

* The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}&lt;/code&gt;

=== How can you help? ===
Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs.

Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits).

The two Parameters will only show if the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.&lt;br&gt;[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].&lt;br&gt;
Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].&lt;br&gt;
Thank you, - [[Ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 4 Novemba 2025 (UTC) on behalf of the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] Team

== Invitation to a survey ==

Dear contributors to Wikipedia in Igbo,

Apologies for posting in English! 

My name is Mali, and as a part of my PhD program at the University of Oslo, Norway, I am investigating young language communities from less digitized languages on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects.

I have previously spoken to some contributors from the Igbo community, and it has been really interesting. Now I wish to expand my understanding of this community by inviting you to take a survey about your experiences as Wikipedia-editors.  

You find the survey here: https://nettskjema.no/a/577121

The survey should take around 10  minutes. I invite you to write freely about your experiences in the open questions.   

If you complete the survey before the 15&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; of December you have the possibility to win an electronic gift card worth 10 USD. Winners will be contacted directly after the survey. 


Feel free to contact me for further questions, directly on Wiki or on my email malikb@ifi.uio.no

Thank you! [[Ojiarụ:Malikbr|Malikbr]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Malikbr|ṅkátá]]) 11:49, 9 Disemba 2025 (UTC)

== Ọkwa maka bot flag request ==

Ndewo nnụ 👋

E tinyela m 'bot flag request' maka nnabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia.
Bot a ga-enye aka nabata ndị ọrụ ọhụrụ ma duzie ha otu ha ga-esi malite itinye aka.
Biko lelee ya ma kesaa echiche unu:
👉[[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests_for_approval/DolphybBot]]

Daalụ 🙏  [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 13:42, 8 Eprel 2026 (UTC)

==  [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat nomination ==

E ji m aṅụrị na-ahọpụta [[User:King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa Bureaucrat na ọrụ a.

Dịka onye nchịkwa, o gosipụtara nduzi siri ike, mkpebi ziri ezi, na nkwado maka otu ebe ọ na-akwado ma ndị ndezi ọhụrụ ma ndị ndezi nwere agba. Ọ na-egosipụta nghọta doro anya nke amụma Wikimedia na usoro otu, ekwere m na o nwere iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na ikike dị mkpa iji jee ozi nke ọma dị ka Bureaucrat.

Eji m obi m niile na-akwado ma na-ahọpụta ya maka ọrụ a.


'''Bekee'''

I am happy to nominate [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat on this project.

As an administrator, he has shown strong leadership, sound judgement, and dedication to community growth while supporting both new and experienced editors. He demonstrates a clear understanding of Wikimedia policies and community processes, and I believe he has the integrity and competence needed to serve effectively as a Bureaucrat.

I wholeheartedly support and recommend him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 14:21, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:Daalụ @[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] maka ịhọpụta m. Anam anabata ya nke ọma. [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 16:27, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::I vote in support of this nomination. He has shown a great deal of leadership skills and has a great eye for details. [[Ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|Vivian Amalachukwu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|ṅkátá]]) 16:43, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::Am also nominating King Christlike for Bureaucrat nomination..he has proven to be a great assist in contributing to the growth of wikipedia not just Igbo wikipedia but wikipedia as a whole [[Ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|Edozie Ojekwe]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|ṅkátá]]) 16:47, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado [[User:King ChristLike]], maka ọkwa nke ahọpụtara ya.  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#ffe900 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#ffe900 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 16:50, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Strong Support [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 17:29, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::He has consistently demonstrated excellent leadership, good judgment, and a strong commitment to the growth of the community, while actively supporting both new and experienced contributors. His solid understanding of Wikimedia policies and community procedures, along with his integrity and capability, make him well suited for the Bureaucrat role. I fully endorse and support [[User:King ChristLike]] nomination. [[Ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|ṅkátá]]) 17:42, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:User:King ChristLike has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby endorse him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 22:15, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
[[User:King ChristLike]] has shown concern and support for the Igbo Wikimedians Community.I hereby give my support to him. [[User:Chiziqa|Chiziqa]]

[[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 16:44, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) I hereby vote in support of [[user:king_ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. He is good at what he does and I believe he would perform the best if given the opportunity.[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 18:17, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby '''endorse''' him for this role.[[Ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|Lucy Iwuala]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|ṅkátá]]) 19:56, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

His commitment, contributions, teamwork, and willingness to support others in Wikimedia projects makes him a strong and deserving candidate. I strongly vote in support of [[User:King ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. 
[[Ojiarụ:Sylvaline39 |Sylvaline39]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Sylvaline39|ṅkátá]]) 10:25,1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] Is someone who leads by example. He is hardworking, reliable and always willing to support others. Whether it is in teamwork, leadership, or communication. He has proven time and time again that he have what it takes to serve effectively. I proudly nominate King ChristLike for the bureaucrat nomination.
[[Ojiarụ:Iwuala chisom|Iwuala chisom]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Iwuala chisom|ṅkátá]]) 11:14,2 Mee 2026 (UTC)

I am proud to endorse this nomination as [[User:King ChristLike]] has shown and is still on that path of supporting and ensuring that editors do the right thing, the right way. He is also passionate about Open source knowledge and he is duly deserving of this opportunity. [[Ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|Aminwa 21]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|ṅkátá]]) 22:18, 3 Mee 2026 (UTC)

A true definition of leadership! I strongly endorse [[User:King ChristLike] for this position. [[Ojiarụ: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Senator Choko|ṅkátá]]) 21:10, 6 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:A na m akwado:@[[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa a n'ihi na a maara m na ọ ga-emeli ihe dị na ya [[Ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|Geraldine Kene]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|ṅkátá]]) 06:49, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)

'''Kwado''' — A na m akwado nhọpụta a. [[User:King ChristLike]] na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ghọtakwara iwu ndị ahụ, ma na-ekwurịta okwu nke ọma na obodo Wikimedia ndị ọzọ na ndị editọ. Atụkwasịrị m ya obi na ngwaọrụ bureaucrat. Nke a bụ votu m nye ya. 

'''Support''' — I support this nomination. [[User:King ChristLike]] is active, understands the policies, and communicates well with other wikimedia communities and editors. I trust him with bureaucrat tools. This is a vote for him.
 [[Ojiarụ:Emmanuel Obiajulu|Emmanuel Obiajulu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Emmanuel Obiajulu|ṅkátá]]) 07:17, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)
*I '''strongly support''' this initiative. More technical hands are needed on the Igbo Wikipedia space which will help tackle alot of pending activities. I look forward to seeing more technical volunteers. --[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 08:30, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>kxvkma57g85gx0vlqo1k83kisnp1vai</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>632956</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-13T09:03:10Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Anastesia chi</username>
        <id>23720</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* User:King ChristLike for Bureaucrat nomination */ Zaghachi</comment>
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&lt;!-- Discussion notice starts --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background: #ff0; margin: 0 0 3px 0; padding: 0 2px 0 2px;&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia talk:Ogbako Ọtú|'''Ihü ákíkó''']] dị maka okwu. Biko doséré okwu ébéahụ. Omemé gi detụ na ihü nkà.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- Header bar starts --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;toccolours&quot; id=&quot;siteNotice&quot;&quot;&gt;
[[Wikipedia:Requests_for_Adminship|Requests for Adminship]] | [[Wikipedia:Request_for_Bot_status|Request for Bot approval]] | [[:Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing _translation|Articles for Translation]] | [[:Category:Article nke ntakiri|Articles needing expansion]]&lt;/div&gt;

{{Íshí Nzọr Inglish}}
{{Ihe Anyi gi me}}

==Administrator access==
I would like to be an administrator on this Igbo wikipedia. '''[[User:Ukabia|Álúsí Wikipedia Ìgbo]]''' - [[User talk:Ukabia|okwú na ókà]] 17:21, 10 Önwa Asaa 2011 (UTC)

I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in order to fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve the main page etc. [[Ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|Blossom Ozurumba]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Blossom Ozurumba|talk]]) 11:36, 1 Önwa Asáto 2017 (UTC)


I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in organizing the page,  fight vandalism on ig.wikipedia, improve articles etc. [[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo | Oby Ezeilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|talk]]) 17:35, 1 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

[[Category:Wikipedia]]
I would love to be an administrator on ig.wikipedia. The admin tools would be useful in correcting certain misspelt words which change the meaning of words in Igbo and hence reduce the interpretation and make the page difficult to use. 
--[[Ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|Chioma Onyema]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chioma Onyema|talk]]) 08:46, 6 Ọnwaàsaà 2021 (UTC)

== Improving the translation support for the Igbo Wikipedia ==

''Sorry about not being able to write in Igbo. I hope someone can translate this!''

[[:mw:Content translation|Content translation]] has been successful in supporting the translation process on many Wikipedia communities, and we want to help additional wikis with potential to grow using translation as part of [[:mw:Content translation/Boost|a new initiative]].

Content translation facilitates the creation of Wikipedia articles by translating content from other languages. It has been used already to create more than half a million articles. In addition, the tool provides [[:mw:Help:Content translation/Translating/Translation quality|mechanisms to encourage the creation of good quality content]], preventing the publication of lightly edited machine translations. In general, our analysis shows that the translations produced are [[:mw:Content_translation/Deletion_statistics_comparison|less likely to be deleted than the articles started from scratch]].

Igbo Wikipedia editors have used Content translation to create [[Special:CXStats|more than three hundred articles]]. Given the size of the editing community, we think that there is potential to use translation to create more articles, expand existing ones, and attract new editors that learn how to make productive edits. Translation can help the community to reduce the language gap with other languages and grow the number of editors in a sustainable way. In order to achieve this goal, we want to collaborate with you to make Content translation more visible in the Igbo Wikipedia and support new ways to translate.

As a first step, during the next weeks we plan to enable Content translation by default on the Igbo Wikipedia. That will make it easy for users to discover the tool [[:mw:Help:Content_translation/Starting|through several entry points]]. However, users not interested in translation will still be able to disable it from their preferences.

Please feel free to share any comment in this conversation thread.

Thanks! --[[Ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|Amir E. Aharoni (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Aaharoni-WMF|talk]]) 13:04, 4 Ọnwaìrinàotù 2020 (UTC)

Wwyx

Ụmụ nnem na ụmụ nnam, edeyerem akwụkwọ na meta wikipedia ka fa nyem ikike ma ye kwam ego ịji new ruọ oru. Biko kwado nu mu. Ebe ịga afu ya bu na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Female_Creators_on_Igbo_Wikipedia --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 07:50, 4 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to do a wikidata project on Nigerian female producers etc. the link is attached. I seek your advice and support. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Offordile234/Nigerian_Female_Film_Producers,_Directors_and_Actors_on_Wikidata --[[Ọbanife:Offordile234|Offordile234]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Offordile234|talk]]) 21:23, 10 Ọnwaàtọ 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a rapid grant to add content and improve existing content in wikidata about Nigerian religious leaders and the churches. I will like your comments and if approved your participation. the link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/Nigerian_Religious_Institutions_on_Wikidata  --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 20:23, 12 Ọnwaànọ 2021 (UTC)

E debeyerem akwụkwọ ka eyem ego ịji rụọ ọrụ. The link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Permanent_Secretaries_and_Directors_General/Training Please comment and advice. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|talk]]) 11:50, 8 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

E tiyerem akwụkwọ ka ndị wikipedia yem ego maka ọrụ ịtiye foto na ụda onu nịme Igbo Wiktionary. Biko kwadom. Ebe ntịyere ya bụ na https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Igboanude/Pictures_and_Voice_Notes_in_Igbo_Wiktionary  --[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|talk]]) 11:03, 12 Ọnwaìse 2021 (UTC)

I applied for a project in wikidata. I will will appreciate your comment and support. the project link is https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Chuks_Zilo/CEOs_of_Quoted_Companies_in_Nigeria --[[Ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|Chuks Zilo]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chuks Zilo|talk]]) 13:13, 5 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Obodo Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ezigbo mmadu niile,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/Mahadum_Federal_na_Steeti,_Polytechnics_na_K%E1%BB%8Dleji_nke_Mm%E1%BB%A5ta_na_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Mahadum Federal na Steeti, Polytechnics na Kọleji nke Mmụta na Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|talk]]) 21:21, 9 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

== Photowalk of Minna, Niger state ==

Ndewo ndi nkem,
Pls find attached my [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/OtuNwachinemere/Photowalk_of_Minna,_Niger_State_Nigeria#Activities project grant] request for your endorsement and collaboration.
Thanks --[[Ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|OtuNwachinemere]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:OtuNwachinemere|talk]]) 12:48, 15 Ọnwa itoolu 2021 (UTC)

==META WIKI INTERFACE TRANSLATION==
I have applied for translation of the meta wiki interface translation for Igbo Wiktionary which is still in the incubator. your contribution and support will be appreciated. https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Obihoja/Igbo_Language_MetaWiki_interface_translation  --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 07:45, 15 Ọnwa iri 2021 (UTC)

== Ịma Ọkwa Maka Ọrụ M ==

Ndewo onye ọ bụla,

Ọ ga-amasị m ịkọrọ unu niile gbasara [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Clarissagum/%E1%BB%A4m%E1%BB%A5_Nwanyi_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nkuzi_na_nd%E1%BB%8B_Nch%E1%BB%8Dp%E1%BB%A5ta_n%27%E1%BB%A5l%E1%BB%8D_Akw%E1%BB%A5kw%E1%BB%8D_Mmuta_di_elu_nke_Na%E1%BB%8Bjir%E1%BB%8Ba Ụmụ Nwanyi ndị Nkuzi na ndị Nchọpụta n'ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mmuta di elu nke Naịjirịa].

Daalụ maka nkwado gị niile.

[[Ọbanife:Clarissagum|Clarissagum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Clarissagum|kwuo]]) 10:15, 14 Ọnwa iri na otù 2021 (UTC)

== Deployment of FLORES Machine Translation to Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndị ọma!

Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The WMF Language team has added another machine translation (MT) support for the Content Translation in Igbo Wikipedia called FLORES. This means that you can choose to use [https://ai.facebook.com/blog/the-flores-101-data-set-helping-build-better-translation-systems-around-the-world/ FLORES machine translation] when translating Wikipedia articles to Igbo using [https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation the Content Translation tool].
 
The FLORES Machine Translation service is provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta] through a free for use API key that allows the Content Translation to access the service on the FLORES server for an evaluation trial period. This MT is set as optional; in your Wikipedia, which means you can choose not to use it as your preferred initial translator. If you decide to use this service, you can select &quot;FLORES&quot; from the &quot;Initial Translation&quot; dropdown menu where you will find other existing machine translation services on the sidebar.
 
The Wikimedia Foundation has worked out an agreement that allows the use of FLORES without compromising Wikipedia’s policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user, and brand representation. You can find more information about the FLORES Machine translation on [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Meta|this page]].
 
Please note that the use of the FLORES MT is optional. However, we would want your community to:
*use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service; and
*[[mw:Talk:Content_translation|provide feedback]] about its quality and ask any questions you might have about this addition.
 
We trust that this addition is a good support to the Content Translations tool towards having better quality articles in Igbo Wikipedia.
 
Daalụ nụ! 

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:02, 7 Ọnwa abụọ 2022 (UTC)

== Making Flores a default Machine Translation for three months in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

The WMF Language team would like to make [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores Flores], provided by an [https://ai.facebook.com/ AI research team at Meta], the default machine translation support in your Wikipedia Content Translation tool for a test period of 3 months.

The above experiment will help us determine how useful the Machine Translation is for your community more reliably. By setting Flores as the default service, we expect more content to be created by using it and the data about its quality to be more representative. We plan to effect this change on 11th April 2022 unless your community has an objection not to make the FLORES the default Machine translation. 

It is okay if individuals decide to select their default service, which would also be helpful to understand user preferences. However, we would encourage you to use it. After three months, we would revert to the initial default machine translation unless your community thinks otherwise. 

We thank you for your support and look forward to the outcome of this test.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 18:48, 28 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.


I have recently applied for a grant on training and competition for senior citizens. it is a proposal to bring in more senior citizens to join the wikipedia family. it will be a training and competion for participating seniors. will appreciate your suggestions.--[[Ọbanife:Igboanude|Igboanude]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Igboanude|kwuo]]) 14:55, 26 Ọnwa ise 2022 (UTC)

== Reverting to Google as the default Machine Translation in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi nkem!

Three months ago, the WMF Language team set the [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Flores|Flores]] Machine Translation (MT) support as the default in your Wikipedia which just ended.

So, we want to revert to the initial default Machine translation support for the Content translation tool in Zulu Wikipedia unless there are objections from your community to retain the Flores as your default MT.

We will wait two weeks for your feedback in this thread on the above, and If there are no objections to reverting to the [[mw:Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation#Google_Translate|Google Translate]], we will make the Google MT the default translation in your Content translation tool after the 25th of July, 2022.

Thank you so much, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 12:40, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) On hehalf of the WMF Language team.

:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] thank you for the update. Speaking for myself and from feedback from other community members, Flores has more accurate translations than Google Translate and we would prefer to keep Flores as default.
:Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:54, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)
::Thank you @[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] for the feedback. This means we will not be reverting to Google since the community prefers Flores because it is more accurate. We will leave Flores as the default Machine Translation, while the Google Machine translation will be optional.
::Best regards. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|kwuo]]) 19:06, 12 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

== &quot;Talk page&quot; ==

Hi!

At a translatewiki training on July 30, there was a side discussion about the right word to use for &quot;Talk&quot;, &quot;Talk page&quot;, &quot;Discussion&quot;, etc.

&quot;Talk page&quot; refers to pages on which editors discuss the following things:
* The article—how to write it, what to include, what to exclude, what terminology to use, etc.
* General Wikipedia matters—policies, style, appointing administrators, etc.
* Direct conversations with users (&quot;user talk page&quot;).

As a general comment, in English, the words &quot;discussion&quot; and &quot;talk&quot; are used for this, but it's actually the same thing, and can be translated with the same word in Igbo.

The words that I can see here are:
* Mkparita ụka
* nkàta
* Akíkó
* Nkpata okà
* Kuwa akíkó
* kwuo
* okwu

There may also be other words that I haven't noticed.

I recommend choosing consistent translations for &quot;talk&quot; and &quot;talk page&quot;, and using them consistently. [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 11:05, 31 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC)

:Thank you for this recommendation @[[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amire80]]. Best, [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 14:40, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

== Atụmatụ ịgbanwe aha &quot;talk spaces&quot; anyị  ==

Ndewo ụmụnne! Ọ ga-amasị m ịtụ aro ka anyị gbanwee aha 'talk spaces' n'asụsụ Igbo site na &quot;Okwu&quot; gaa na &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot;, n'ihi na ọ dị m ka &quot;Ṅkàtá&quot; na-akọwa ọrụ ya nke ọma karịa 'Okwu'. Ewelitere nke a n'oge usoro nkwado maka Wiktionary Igbo na Wikiquote na Meta. Iji gbanwee nke a, anyị kwesịrị igosi ebe anyị nwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a, yabụ biko kwupụta echiche gị banyere mgbanwe a n'okpuru - ọ bụrụ na ịnwere nkwenye maka ngbanwe a n'ime izu ole na ole a n'abia, anyị nwere ike ịrịọ ka ha gbanwee ya. Ọ bụrụ na anyị kpebie ịgbanwe aha ndị ahụ, aha ochie nọ ebe a ga-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na njikọ, mana ọ gaghị abụ aha na-egosipụta na ibe okwu. Mee ka m mara ihe ị chere! Ya gazie! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 15:01, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ ga adị ezigbo mkpa ma ha mgbanwe ibe okwu dị na Wikipidia anyị. E kweyere m nke ọma ka e mee mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 15:12, 5 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Imeela na nzaghachi gị @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 
(UTC)

:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 08:35, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Ndewo na nkwado gị @[[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:18, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m na mgbanwe aha a n'ihi na &quot;Nkàta&quot; ka kọwaa ya karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|Uzoejinwa]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Uzoejinwa|kwuo]]) 9:22, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:A nam eche na &quot;Nkàtá&quot; kọwara ihe a na-ekwu maka ya karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. N'ihi nke a, e kwenyere m na mgbanwe a. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 08:49, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
::Eziokwu ka ikwuru @[[Ọbanife:Timzy D'Great|Timzy D'Great]] [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 11:19, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ bụ ihe ziri ezi ime ya bụ ḿgbánwè. &quot;Ńkàtá&quot; kasịrị daba adaba nke ọma karịa &quot;Okwu&quot;. Ekwenyere m na nke ahụ. [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Dabere16]]
([[Okwu Ọbanife: Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 11:02, 6 Satọnafọ 2022 (UTC)

:Ọ dị mma maka &quot;Nkàta&quot; bụ aha ya kpọmkwem ma kakwa wee kọwaa ya nke oma karịa &quot;okwu. [[Ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|Achukwu Onyinye]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Onyinyeonuoha|kwuo]]) 1:11, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

: This change is a welcome development since it is a known fact that language is dynamic; hence Igbo language is no exception to this dynamism and as such, ''Nkata'' captures the content of the discussion. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 13:37, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)
:Ọ di mmá kà anyị gbanwee áhà ndi a. E kwenyere m na nke a [[Ọbanife:Lebron jay|Lebron jay]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Lebron jay|kwuo]]) 14:04, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

:E kwenyere m ka a gbanwee áhà a site N'okwụ baa na ńkàtá maka ọ dabara nke ọma. [[Jabinekene:Ekene Amaechi|Ekene Amaechi]]  04:00, 6 Ọnwa asatọ 2022 (UTC)

I agree to the change of the name ọ f &quot;Talk Places&quot; to &quot;Nkata&quot; because it gives to real meaning of the word in Igbo Language rather than&quot;talk&quot; [[Ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|Chikeme Chizurum]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Chikeme Chizurum|kwuo]]) 02:55, 8 Ọnwa asatọ  2022 (UTC)

==Usoro ọdide asụsụ Igbo==
===Ndakọrịta Udaume (Vowel Harmony)===
Ndakọrịta Udaume bụ usoro iwu odide Igbo wubere na ụdaume Igbo ga-agbaso mgbe eji ha emebe mkpụrụokwu maọbụ ekwu okwu.
N'asụsụ Igbo e nwere ụdaume asatọ, Ha bụ '''''a e i ị o ọ u ụ'''''. E kere Ụdaume ndị a ụzọ abụọ .
1) Ụdamfe/Otu A: a  ị  ọ  ụ. Otu A nwere kpọm n'okpuru ha ma ewepụ a
2) Ụdaarọ/Otu E: e  i  o  u. Otu E enweghị kpọm n'okpuru ha
Iwu megidere na mgbe ọbụla ụdaume si n'otu nke ọbula na-emebe okwu, mara na mkpụrụokwu ahụ ga ejupụta na ụdaume si n'otu ahụ.
Ọmụmaatụ: 
Okwu ndị si n'Otu A---
Ọgụ (fight)
Ụdọ (rope)
Azịza (broom)
ịgba (Drum) 
          
Okwu ndị si n'Otu E---
Ezi (Pig) 
Udo (peace)
Iko (Cup)
Olulu (Pit)
===Ede ụdaume na-ada iwu ndakọrịta===
1) Aha mmadụ:
Ọbiageli
Ijeọma
Chigaekwu
Chukwuma 
wee dịrị gawa
2) Okwu ọkpụ: Okwu ndị nna anyị ha na-ekwu ọkpụtọrọkpụ dịka: Ngaji
                                                            Omenala
                                                            Dibịa
                                                            Ụdaume
Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta iwu ndakọrịta Ụdaume nke ọma iji mata ma ghọta ụfọdụ mgbanwe dị n'ụtọasụsụ Igbo.

== STUDY ON WHY WIKIPEDIA IS NOT BEING USED IN NIGERIAN CLASSROOM ==
The Igbo Language and Culture Institute has applied for a project to conduct a research on Overcoming Challenges of Introducing Wikipedia in Nigeria Classroom. your suggestions will be appreciated. --[[Ọbanife:Obihoja|Obihoja]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Obihoja|kwuo]]) 10:36, 19 Ọgọọst 2022 (UTC)

== The name of this page ==

Hi!

What should be the name of this page: &quot;Nzọr ogbako&quot;, &quot;Ogbako otú&quot;, or something else? [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 07:40, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Namespace names ==

Hi,

I spoke to @[[Ọbanife:Oby Ezeilo|Oby Ezeilo]], and she found many mistakes in the names of namespaces on this wiki.

This problem needs a thorough solution. As a first step, I'd love to know the Igbo Wikipedia's community opinion about several terms. For each of the following terms, there must be one consistent term used everywhere, because all these words are very common and important:

;Special
:This must be the translation of the word &quot;special&quot; in &quot;special page&quot;. (The word &quot;page&quot; is not needed, only &quot;special&quot;.) The current translation is &quot;Ihü kárírí&quot;, and it's probably incorrect. Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ọpụrụiche&quot;.
;Talk ''or'' Discussion
:&quot;Talk pages&quot; or &quot;Discussion pages&quot; are pages where editors have discussions about articles or about other topics. For example, &quot;Talk:Nigeria&quot; is the talk page of the article &quot;Nigeria&quot;, and &quot;User talk:Amire80&quot; is the personal talk page of User:Amire80. In English, the words &quot;Talk&quot; and &quot;Discussion&quot; are both used, but it's the same thing, so you can use one word in Igbo. The current translation is &quot;Okwu&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo's suggestion is &quot;Ńkàtá&quot;.
;User
:A user is anyone who uses the wiki as a reader or an editor. The current word is &quot;Ọbanife&quot;. Oby Ezeilo recommends the word &quot;Ojiarụ&quot;.
;File
:Files on Wikipedia usually store photos, videos, or documents. The current word is &quot;Usòrò&quot;, and it's probably wrong. What should be the correct translation?
;Template
:A template is a piece of text or code that can be embedded in other pages. Common examples of templates are infoboxes, citations, tags at the top of the article, etc. The current word is &quot;Àtụ&quot;. Is it good?
;Help
:Help pages are pages that explain how to use Wikipedia. Some examples of English-language help pages: [[:w:en:Help:Recent changes|Help:Recent changes]], [[:w:en:Help:Table|Help:Table]], etc. The current word is &quot;Nkwadọ&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Enyemaka&quot;.
;Category
:A category is a group of pages that have a similar topic. For example, the Wikipedia articles about [[:w:en:Leymah Gbowee|Leymah Gbowee]], [[:w:en:Andrei Sakharov|Andrei Sakharov]], and [[:w:en:Alva Myrdal|Alva Myrdal]] all belong to the &quot;Nobel Peace Prize laureates&quot; category in the English Wikipedia, and are automatically listed on that category's page: [[:w:en:Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates|Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]]. The current word is &quot;Òtù&quot;, and Oby Ezeilo recommends &quot;Katigori&quot;.

What do other Igbo Wikipedia editors think? How should these words be written in Igbo?

Here's the list again, briefly:
* Special
* Talk
* User
* File
* Template
* Help
* Category

Please reply here.

Once everyone agrees on these terms' translation, it will be possible to write correct translations for all the namespace names.

Thank you! :) [[Ọbanife:Amire80|Amir E. Aharoni]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Amire80|kwuo]]) 08:13, 23 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Hello Amir, thank you for this question. After so much deliberation in our community, we voted this: 


Here's the list, 

* Special -Ọpụrụiche
* Talk - Ṅkàtá
* User -Ojiarụ
* File -Faịlụ
* Template -Templeeti 
* Help -Enyemaka
* Category - Otú
Thank you!
[[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|kwuo]]) 17:04, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I highly support the introduction of these newly translated words. [[Ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|Kingsley Nkem]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kingsley Nkem|kwuo]]) 18:21, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
:I Strongly support the use of these terms Tochiprecious listed above. Thanks [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 18:22, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

I am in support of the names translation, because it will be of a great help to our community.
[[Ọbanife: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Okwu ọbanife: Senator Choko|kwuo]]) 18:16, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:Effecting these changes on the page will make it more understandable to the users. I'm in support of these new developments. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|kwuo]]) 18:03, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)
::I support this.. I support the new name translation brought up here [[Ọbanife:Sayvhior|Sayvhior]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Sayvhior|kwuo]]) 19:55, 24 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

::I support those new translations to be put to use.  [[Ọbanife:Daberechi16|Daberechi16]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Daberechi16|kwuo]]) 12:36, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

:I strongly support these changes as it makes them more understandable. [[Ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|Timzy D&amp;#39;Great]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Timzy D&amp;#39;Great|kwuo]]) 09:06, 25 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC)

== Upcoming vote on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct ==

Hello all,

In mid-January 2023, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] will undergo a second community-wide ratification vote. This follows [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting/Results|the March 2022 vote]], which resulted in a majority of voters supporting the Enforcement Guidelines. During the vote, participants helped highlight important community concerns. The Board’s [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] requested that these areas of concern be reviewed.

The volunteer-led [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee_members|Revisions Committee]] worked hard reviewing community input and making changes. They updated areas of concern, such as training and affirmation requirements, privacy and transparency in the process, and readability and translatability of the document itself.

The revised Enforcement Guidelines can be viewed '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|here]]''', and a comparison of changes can be found '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Comparison|here]]'''.

'''How to vote?'''

Beginning '''January 17, 2023''', voting will be open. '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|This page on Meta-wiki]]''' outlines information on how to vote using SecurePoll.

'''Who can vote?'''

The '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information#Voting_eligibility|eligibility requirements]]''' for this vote are the same as for the Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections. See the voter information page for more details about voter eligibility. If you are an eligible voter, you can use your Wikimedia account to access the voting server.

'''What happens after the vote?'''

Votes will be scrutinized by an independent group of volunteers, and the results will be published on Wikimedia-l, the Movement Strategy Forum, Diff and on Meta-wiki. Voters will again be able to vote and share concerns they have about the guidelines. The Board of Trustees will look at the levels of support and concerns raised as they look at how the Enforcement Guidelines should be ratified or developed further.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, 

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 08:59, 10 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Universal Code of Conduct revised enforcement guidelines vote results ==

The recent community-wide vote on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct revised Enforcement Guidelines]] has been tallied and scrutinized. Thank you to everyone who participated.

After 3097 voters from 146 Wikimedia communities voted, the results are 76% in support of the Enforcement Guidelines, and 24% in opposition. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|Statistics]] for the vote are available. A more detailed summary of comments submitted during the vote will be published soon.

From here, the results and comments collected during this vote will be submitted to the Board of Trustees for their review. The current expectation is that the Board of Trustees review process will complete in March 2023. We will update you when their review process is completed.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:54, 16 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Community feedback cycle about updating the Wikimedia Terms of use starts ==

Hello everyone,

[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is organizing a feedback-cycle with community members to discuss updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use.

[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Terms_of_Use|The Terms of Use (ToU)]] are the legal terms that govern the use of websites hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. We will be gathering your feedback on a draft proposal from February through April. The draft will be translated into several languages, with written feedback accepted in any language.

This update comes in response to several things:

* Implementing the Universal Code of Conduct
* Updating project text to the Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license
* Proposal for better addressing undisclosed paid editing
* Bringing our terms in line with current and recently passed laws affecting the Foundation, including the European Digital Services Act

As part of the feedback cycle two office hours will be held, the first on March 2, the second on April 4.

For further information, please consult:

* The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|proposed update of the ToU by comparison]]
* The page for your [[metawiki:Talk:Terms_of_use|feedback]]
* Information about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|the office hours]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 13:00, 21 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC)

== Reminder: Office hours about updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use ==

: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Legal+department%2F2023+ToU+updates%2FOffice+hours%2FReminder&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello everyone,

This a reminder that the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is hosting [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|office hours]] with community members about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use]].

The office hours will be held today, '''March 2, from 17:00 UTC to 18:30 UTC.''' See for more [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|details here on Meta]].

Another office hours will be held on April 4.

We hereby kindly invite you to participate in the discussion. Please note that this meeting will be held in English language and led by the members of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team, who will take and answer your questions. Facilitators from the Movement Strategy and Governance Team will provide the necessary assistance and other meeting-related services.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 11:55, 2 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Board of Trustees have ratified the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines ==
: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FRevised+enforcement+guidelines%2FAnnouncement+-+Board+ratification&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello all, an important update on the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines:

The vote on the Enforcement Guidelines in January 2023 showed a majority approval of the Enforcement Guidelines. There were 369 comments received and a detailed summary of the comments will be published shortly. Just over three-thousand (3097) voters voted and 76% approved of the Enforcement Guidelines. You can view the '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|vote statistics on Meta-wiki]]'''.

As the support increased, this signifies to the Board that the current version has addressed some of the issues indicated during the last review in 2022. The Board of Trustees voted to ratify the Enforcement Guidelines. The [[foundation:Resolution:Approval_of_Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Enforcement_Guidelines|resolution can be found on Foundation wiki]] and you can read more about the [[wmfblog:2023/03/21/the-enforcement-guidelines-received-strong-support-from-the-community-what-happens-next/|process behind the 2023 Enforcement Guidelines review on Diff.]]

There are some next steps to take with the important recommendations provided by the Enforcement Guidelines. More details will come soon about timelines. Thank you for your interest and participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:01, 23 Maachị 2023 (UTC)

== Elections Committee: Call for New Members ==

Hello everyone,

The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Wikimedia Foundation elections committee]] (Elections Committee) is, from today until April 24, seeking an additional 2–4 members to help facilitate the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustee (Board) selection process.

The 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election is being planned. New members are invited to join the Elections Committee. The Elections Committee oversees the Board of Trustees community seat selection process. Join the committee and contribute your valuable skills and ideas to the Trustee selection process.

There are eight community- and affiliate-selected seats on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_of_Trustees|the Wikimedia Foundation Board]]. The wider Wikimedia community votes for community members to occupy these seats. In 2024, the Elections Committee will oversee this selection process for the community- and affiliate-selected seats with expiring terms. This process will be supported by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Elections Committee members sign up for three-year terms and will be asked to [[phab:L37|sign a confidentiality agreement]]. Members can expect to contribute 2–5 hours per week before the selection process and 5–8 hours per week during the selection process.

As an Elections Committee member, you will be responsible for:

* Attending online meetings between now and the next election (mid-2024)
* Attending onboarding and online training in May–June 2023
* Working with the Committee to fulfill its [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Elections_Committee_Charter|other responsibilities]]

New members should have the following qualities:

* Fluency in English
* Responsiveness to email collaboration
* Knowledge of the movement and movement governance

If you would like to volunteer for this role, please '''submit your candidacy by April 24, 2023 23:59 [[:en:Anywhere_on_Earth|AoE (Anywhere on Earth)]] on [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Nominations/2023|this Meta-Wiki page]]'''.

You can [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Wikimedia_Foundation_Elections_Committee_-_2023_Call_for_New_Members|'''read the full announcement here''']]. Thank you in advance for your interest! If you are not interested but know someone who might be, share this message with them. Please let me know if you have questions.

On behalf of the Elections Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 22:16, 14 Eprel 2023 (UTC)

== End of the Movement Charter ratification methodology community review ==

Hello,

The Movement Charter Drafting Committee has concluded its first community review of the methodology draft, which will be used to ratify the Movement Charter in 2024.

This community review included [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement_Charter|feedback collection on Meta]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930/6 Movement Strategy forum] as well as two [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation|conversation hours]] with communities and one conversation with the Committees of the Wikimedia projects. MCDC greatly appreciates everyone's input. The recording of the ratification methodology presentation is here and [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation/Notes_and_documentation|documentation can be accessed here]]. The timeline of the next steps of the methodology is [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AMC_Ratification_Methodology_-_April_2023.pdf&amp;page=33 provided here].

The WMF support team will produce a report on the community input in May. MCDC will incorporate the feedback and share an updated version of the ratification methodology in August 2023. The MCDC will continue to outreach to stakeholders regarding the updated methodology in late 2023.

Thank you for your participation!

On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee,

[[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 16:40, 3 Mee 2023 (UTC)

==Dates==
I've fixed up the templates {{Tlx|Birth date and age}} {{Tlx|Death date and age}} and possibly a few more to use Igbo month names.  

* I need to translate &quot;aged&quot; as in &quot;Nwürü	11 Novemba 2002 (aged 82)&quot;.  What word should I use?
* I've used Eprelụ should this be Eprel?

Let me know if there are any problems and I'll do my best to fix them.

[[Ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Rich Farmbrough|ṅkátá]]) 21:35, 13 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Ozi maka atụmatụ ndi Wikimedia Foundation nke afọ 2024-25 ==

Ndewo nụ ndi nkem!

Ndi Wikimedia Foundation ebidola ihazi atụmatụ na ebumunuche ga eduzi ọrụ anyi ndi Wikimedia na afọ 2024-25. Eji mụ ohere na egosi  anyi  ozi onye isi nke Prodọktụ na Teknọlọji onye nke a na akpọ Selena Deckelmann dere gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche afọ ọhuru anyi na abanye na Wikimedia. Ndi Wikimedia Foundation si na ọdi oke mkpa ka anyi gụọ ebumunuche ha maka afọ 2024-25 ma gwa ha uche gi, ma jụọ kwa ha ajụjụ gbasara atụmatụ na ebumunuche ha deputara. Inwere ike iji asụsụ ọbula di gi nma (igbo ma ọbu na English) ide puta uche gi ma juọ ha ajụjụ ebea. 

[[User:UOzurumba_(WMF)| UOzurumba (WMF)]], ma ọbụ Mazi [[User:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]] ga elegide ihụ akwụkwọ a, ma nyere aka ziruo ha ozi, ma zaa ajuju ọbula inwere. Biko guọ ozi ya ebea, ma ọbụ ebe nzisa ozi nke [[wmfblog:2024/02/20/thinking-about-annual-planning-in-the-wikimedia-foundations-product-and-technology-department/|Diff]] na nke ọzọ a na akpọ [[metawiki:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2024-2025/Goals/Infrastructure|Meta]].


Daalụ nụ! -[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|ṅkátá]]) 17:35, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC)

== Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo n&lt;u&gt;ụ&lt;/u&gt; ndi Igbo Wikipedians!

Apologies, as this message is not in your language. &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Please-translate}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] proposes temporarily making Google Translate the default machine translation for your Wikipedia. Some months ago we set MinT, the new Wikimedia Foundation machine translation service, as the default for your language. However, we plan to revert this change. This is because we are [[phab:T363563|working on improving the reference support]] and fixing some bugs causing referencing issues when using MinT to translate.

During this period, contributors can still use the MinT by selecting it as an optional service. However, we want to limit its use to reduce the effect of using it as it is thereby imposing more work on translators to correct the issues manually. 

Please let us know in this thread if your community objects to our proposal and would rather have MinT as default, irrespective of our improvement plans. Rest assured, changing the default machine translation support is a temporary measure. We will notify you once we finish [[phab:T363569|the work]] and revert to MinT.

We appreciate your understanding and cooperation on this change. Daalụ nụ!

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:19, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] Thank you for the information, I am in support making Google translate temporarily the default machine translation for our Wikipedia. [[User:Akwugo|Akwugo]] ([[User talk:Akwugo|talk]])  20:54, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC)
:Dear @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for the heads-up. I believe the Google translate can be temporarily used for the Igbo Wikipedia - but to be changed as soon as possible the MinT is up. [[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|ṅkátá]]) 04:08, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thanks @[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] for this notice. The referencing errors also occur while using Google Translate... It's a good thing your team is working towards fixing these errors, you can go ahead with the plan. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:30, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)
:Thank you, @[[Ọbanife:Akwugo|Akwugo]], @[[Ọbanife:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]] and @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], for your response. I will let the WMF Language team know your take on this. 
:Best regards
:[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 19:20, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC)

== Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians,

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] has been working on [[mw:MinT#MinT_for_wiki_readers|MinT for Wiki Readers]]. This feature will allow communities to access more content that is only available in other languages with machine translation in Wikipedia. The initial version of this feature is ready, and we would like the Igbo Wikipedia to be the first to test and have this feature since the Igbo community has been using MinT frequently to create translations. For this, our team would like you to read about the feature and [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ih%C3%BC_k%C3%A1r%C3%ADr%C3%AD:AutomaticTranslation '''test it'''] so you can:

* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve the feature
* Give us your feedback on enabling it in your Wikipedia

'''About the feature'''

The MinT for Wiki Readers is a feature that will allow readers of Igbo Wikipedia to expand their reading options and knowledge beyond the language they are familiar with in Wikipedia. For instance, if someone is interested in a topic or content that only exists in the Japanese language and the person is not familiar with the language. While using the mobile web version of Wikipedia, the reader can access the machine translation version of that content in the Igbo language from the language selector or the article's footer (as shown in the image below). 
{{Gallery
| align        = center
| height       =450
| width        =200
| whitebg      = no
| noborder     = yes
| File:MinT MVP Language Selector entry point video.webm|Language selector entry point.
| File:MinT_MVP_Article_footer_entry_point.png|Article footer entry point
}}

These machine-generated translations of content are clearly identified as such, and the human-created content is surfaced and recommended if available.

This feature is in its initial development. It is an early and functional version, and many aspects will be improved based on your community member's feedback on what works and what can be improved to better support your needs as readers.

'''How to try the tool'''

Before we enable this feature in your Wikipedia by the 17th June 2024, we invite members of your community to try MinT for Wiki Readers in Igbo Wikipedia at [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:AutomaticTranslation Special:AutomaticTranslation] and give us early feedback in this thread or on [[mw:Talk:MinT#Feedback_from_the_Igbo_Wikipedians_about_MinT_for_Wikipedia_Readers|this talk page]]. Our team would like to know your impression on:

* How do you use the feature
* Anything we should consider for our plans to enable it?
* Your ideas for improving it.

We greatly appreciate your time and effort in testing this tool. We eagerly look forward to your valuable feedback and questions, which will be instrumental in the further development of this feature. Thank you.

[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:06, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

== Temporary accounts may be rolled out in late October ==

Hello everyone. We are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product|Trust and Safety Product]] team, working on digital security and online privacy issues. We are here to let you know about [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts|temporary accounts for unregistered (logged-out) editors]]. '''Later this month, we will be rolling them out on several pilot wikis, who will have the chance to test and share comments to improve the feature before it is deployed on all wikis in mid-2025.'''

'''This change is especially relevant to the logged-out editors and the more experienced community members like patrollers and admins – anyone who uses IP addresses when blocking users and keeping the wikis safe.'''

'''Based on data we have analyzed, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia is a great candidate for being a pilot.''' We wanted to share more about what temporary accounts are, what change they bring, why we think you would be a good piloting community, and what we can do together to make sure this change goes smoothly for everyone affected.

'''Legal mandate for this work'''

The Foundation’s Legal team requires that we change the ways in which logged-out editors interact with the wikis, and how their personal data is handled. The result is the creation of temporary accounts. We are doing it to keep up with legal changes and with the ways many people expect websites to operate, and to minimize risks to logged-out editors. ([[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ#Why_are_you_working_on_temporary_accounts_at_all?|See more on the legal aspect in our FAQ]] and the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates/Legal#July_2021|2021 update from the Legal team]].)

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb|400px]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: ~2024-1234567 (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after the account creation date. As long as the cookie exists, all edits made by this user from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

What does this mean for different groups of users?

{{hidden|For logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.
}}
{{hidden|For community members interacting with logged-out editors|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.
}}
{{hidden|For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki|ta1 = left|bg1 = #eaecf0|
* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range (&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Special:IPContributions]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/IP_Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mediawikiwiki:Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* We are and will be working with other users with advanced permissions, like stewards.  With useful feedback from these users, we have updated tools and scheduled deployments around these updates.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.
}}

'''Why we think the Igbo Wikipedia community will be a good pilot'''

In late October, we aim to deploy on approximately 10 small and medium-sized wikis. The goal is to ensure all critical functionality (patroller workflows, tools etc.) for temporary accounts work as expected. For that to happen, we want to make sure that people are comfortable with the changed functionality. We will do our best to support the piloting communities. After deploying and improving the functionality, we will keep temporary accounts here, and later, roll them out on more wikis.

We have pre-selected potential good pilots based on different factors. For example, we considered the following statistics and technical limitations: numbers of active IPs, editors, admins, IP edits per month, and lack of blockers related to the configuration of a given wiki. Human connections are even more important, and by that, we mean: availability of colleagues like @[[Ọbanife:Udehb-WMF|Benedict]], potential ambassadors and technical members of the respective communities, and communication with affiliates and hubs and their community support projects. Based on all these factors, we believe that Igbo Wikipedia will be a good pilot.

'''What we would ask of you and next steps'''

* If you'd like to learn more about temporary accounts, please ask! We will gladly address your questions, suggestions, and other thoughts!
* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/For_developers#How_should_I_update_my_code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options, including not piloting here on Igbo Wikipedia.

Before we deploy on the first pilots, we will complete some work. This includes creating a new public dashboard presenting the impact of temporary accounts on communities ([[phab:T357763|T357763]]), building a mechanism which will automatically give the eligible users the right to reveal IP addresses ([[phab:T327913|T327913]]), and [[phab:project/view/7289/|some other tasks]].

To learn more about the project, check out [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mediawikiwiki:Trust_and_Safety_Product/Temporary_Accounts/Updates|look at the latest updates]] and [[mediawikiwiki:Newsletter:T&amp;S_Product_projects|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you! [[User:NKohli_(WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] and [[Ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:14, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Igbo Wikipedia ==

{{Int:Hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Igbo Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[Faịlụ:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[Faịlụ:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 20th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 01:38, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

{{Int:hello}} Igbo Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[Faịlụ:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement this improvement on your wiki '''on Monday, March 10th, 2025''' and subsequently for other Wikipedias. We plan to roll it out on all wikis and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.

We look forward to your feedback after using the new dashboard. Please reach out with any questions regarding your experience with the enhanced dashboard in this thread.

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. [[Ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 06:03, 5 Maachị 2025 (UTC)

== Please block Donaldbert ==

Please block [[Ojiarụ:Donaldbert]] for their actions at [[Vargaći]], recreating a previously-deleted item and removing deletion tags. Note that this user also edits as [[Ojiarụ:Berlindrag]] and is indefinitely blocked at Wikidata for abuse of multiple accounts and promotion of this entity. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 16:50, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

:It looks like they may also be editing as [[Ojiarụ:Smith.886]]. [[Ojiarụ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Bovlb|ṅkátá]]) 18:56, 4 Jụn 2025 (UTC)
:{{done}} [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 23:23, 5 Jụn 2025 (UTC)

== Ndozi ntụgharị asụsụ ==

Ndewo ndi Igbo Wikipedians. Ana m atụ aro ka anyị dezie ntụgharị asụsụ nke “Talk” site na Ṅkàtá iji gosipụta nke ọma ka Ńkàtá. Nke a ga-akwalite nhazi ọkwa ma melite ogo na ọrụ a. Biko kwadoo arịrịọ a.  Daalụ [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 14:24, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC))
* A kwadosiri m árò a ike maka nchekwa asụsụ Igbo. Nke ọbụla a na-asụpe, a sụpee ya ọfụma [[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|ṅkátá]]) 19:07, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A kwadoro m nhazi a, n’ihi na nsụpe nke a bụ nke kacha mma. Daalụnụ  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:49, 17 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma.  [[Ọpụrụiche:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|&amp;#126;2025-29202-75]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:&amp;#126;2025-29202-75|talk]]) 03:55, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma [[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 05:48, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado ya nke ukwuu maka na ọ tozuru ya [[Ojiarụ: Iwuala Chisom|Iwuala Chisom]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Iwuala Chisom|ṅkátá]]) 08:11, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

*Ana m akwado nke a makana ọ bu ihe dị mma. [[User:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Senator Choko&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Senator Choko|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 21:35, 18 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

:A na m akwado nhazi a. Ọ bụ ezigbo arọ  [[Ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|Epiphanus Jide]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Epiphanus Jide|ṅkátá]]) 18:19, 19 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC)

== Will you help us test an updated Databox? ==

''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it''

Hello everyone, recently an update has been made to the [[Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes:

* A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item


* New parameters &lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;excludeProperties=&lt;/code&gt; can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays.
** '''&lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt;''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.&lt;br&gt; Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
** '''&lt;code&gt;excludeParameters=&lt;/code&gt;''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.&lt;br&gt;Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 

* The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}&lt;/code&gt;

=== How can you help? ===
Please help us by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to Articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just want to collect feedback on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflows and / or causes any issues or bugs.

Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits).

The two Parameters will only show if the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.&lt;br&gt;[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].&lt;br&gt;
Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].&lt;br&gt;
Thank you, - [[Ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 4 Novemba 2025 (UTC) on behalf of the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] Team

== Invitation to a survey ==

Dear contributors to Wikipedia in Igbo,

Apologies for posting in English! 

My name is Mali, and as a part of my PhD program at the University of Oslo, Norway, I am investigating young language communities from less digitized languages on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects.

I have previously spoken to some contributors from the Igbo community, and it has been really interesting. Now I wish to expand my understanding of this community by inviting you to take a survey about your experiences as Wikipedia-editors.  

You find the survey here: https://nettskjema.no/a/577121

The survey should take around 10  minutes. I invite you to write freely about your experiences in the open questions.   

If you complete the survey before the 15&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; of December you have the possibility to win an electronic gift card worth 10 USD. Winners will be contacted directly after the survey. 


Feel free to contact me for further questions, directly on Wiki or on my email malikb@ifi.uio.no

Thank you! [[Ojiarụ:Malikbr|Malikbr]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Malikbr|ṅkátá]]) 11:49, 9 Disemba 2025 (UTC)

== Ọkwa maka bot flag request ==

Ndewo nnụ 👋

E tinyela m 'bot flag request' maka nnabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia.
Bot a ga-enye aka nabata ndị ọrụ ọhụrụ ma duzie ha otu ha ga-esi malite itinye aka.
Biko lelee ya ma kesaa echiche unu:
👉[[Wikipedia:Bots/Requests_for_approval/DolphybBot]]

Daalụ 🙏  [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 13:42, 8 Eprel 2026 (UTC)

==  [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat nomination ==

E ji m aṅụrị na-ahọpụta [[User:King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa Bureaucrat na ọrụ a.

Dịka onye nchịkwa, o gosipụtara nduzi siri ike, mkpebi ziri ezi, na nkwado maka otu ebe ọ na-akwado ma ndị ndezi ọhụrụ ma ndị ndezi nwere agba. Ọ na-egosipụta nghọta doro anya nke amụma Wikimedia na usoro otu, ekwere m na o nwere iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na ikike dị mkpa iji jee ozi nke ọma dị ka Bureaucrat.

Eji m obi m niile na-akwado ma na-ahọpụta ya maka ọrụ a.


'''Bekee'''

I am happy to nominate [[User:King ChristLike]] for Bureaucrat on this project.

As an administrator, he has shown strong leadership, sound judgement, and dedication to community growth while supporting both new and experienced editors. He demonstrates a clear understanding of Wikimedia policies and community processes, and I believe he has the integrity and competence needed to serve effectively as a Bureaucrat.

I wholeheartedly support and recommend him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 14:21, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:Daalụ @[[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] maka ịhọpụta m. Anam anabata ya nke ọma. [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 16:27, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::I vote in support of this nomination. He has shown a great deal of leadership skills and has a great eye for details. [[Ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|Vivian Amalachukwu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Vivian Amalachukwu|ṅkátá]]) 16:43, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::Am also nominating King Christlike for Bureaucrat nomination..he has proven to be a great assist in contributing to the growth of wikipedia not just Igbo wikipedia but wikipedia as a whole [[Ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|Edozie Ojekwe]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Edozie Ojekwe|ṅkátá]]) 16:47, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::I support this nomination because,he is a great leader not only igbo Wikipedia but Wikipedia as whole, he tries his best to see that new people gets the hang of how things are done in Wikipedia [[Ojiarụ:Anastesia chi|Anastesia chi]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Anastesia chi|ṅkátá]]) 09:03, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Ana m akwado [[User:King ChristLike]], maka ọkwa nke ahọpụtara ya.  [[User:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#ffe900 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#ffe900 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sayvhior&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Sayvhior|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 16:50, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:Strong Support [[Ojiarụ:Dolphyb|Dolphyb]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Dolphyb|ṅkátá]]) 17:29, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
::He has consistently demonstrated excellent leadership, good judgment, and a strong commitment to the growth of the community, while actively supporting both new and experienced contributors. His solid understanding of Wikimedia policies and community procedures, along with his integrity and capability, make him well suited for the Bureaucrat role. I fully endorse and support [[User:King ChristLike]] nomination. [[Ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie|ṅkátá]]) 17:42, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
:User:King ChristLike has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby endorse him for this role. [[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 22:15, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)
[[User:King ChristLike]] has shown concern and support for the Igbo Wikimedians Community.I hereby give my support to him. [[User:Chiziqa|Chiziqa]]

[[Ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|Chinemeremprince]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chinemeremprince|ṅkátá]]) 16:44, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) I hereby vote in support of [[user:king_ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. He is good at what he does and I believe he would perform the best if given the opportunity.[[Ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|Philip Emeka]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Philip Emeka|ṅkátá]]) 18:17, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] has demonstrated a high level of competence and reliability in supporting the Igbo Wikimedians community and its project. Granting him the Bureaucrat right will ensure that the impact of his contribution and commitment is reflected across boards. I hereby '''endorse''' him for this role.[[Ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|Lucy Iwuala]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Lucy Iwuala|ṅkátá]]) 19:56, 1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

His commitment, contributions, teamwork, and willingness to support others in Wikimedia projects makes him a strong and deserving candidate. I strongly vote in support of [[User:King ChristLike]] for the bureaucrat nomination. 
[[Ojiarụ:Sylvaline39 |Sylvaline39]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Sylvaline39|ṅkátá]]) 10:25,1 Mee 2026 (UTC)

[[User:King ChristLike]] Is someone who leads by example. He is hardworking, reliable and always willing to support others. Whether it is in teamwork, leadership, or communication. He has proven time and time again that he have what it takes to serve effectively. I proudly nominate King ChristLike for the bureaucrat nomination.
[[Ojiarụ:Iwuala chisom|Iwuala chisom]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Iwuala chisom|ṅkátá]]) 11:14,2 Mee 2026 (UTC)

I am proud to endorse this nomination as [[User:King ChristLike]] has shown and is still on that path of supporting and ensuring that editors do the right thing, the right way. He is also passionate about Open source knowledge and he is duly deserving of this opportunity. [[Ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|Aminwa 21]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Aminwa 21|ṅkátá]]) 22:18, 3 Mee 2026 (UTC)

A true definition of leadership! I strongly endorse [[User:King ChristLike] for this position. [[Ojiarụ: Senator Choko|Senator Choko]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ: Senator Choko|ṅkátá]]) 21:10, 6 Mee 2026 (UTC)

:A na m akwado:@[[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] maka ọkwa a n'ihi na a maara m na ọ ga-emeli ihe dị na ya [[Ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|Geraldine Kene]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Geraldine Kene|ṅkátá]]) 06:49, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)

'''Kwado''' — A na m akwado nhọpụta a. [[User:King ChristLike]] na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ghọtakwara iwu ndị ahụ, ma na-ekwurịta okwu nke ọma na obodo Wikimedia ndị ọzọ na ndị editọ. Atụkwasịrị m ya obi na ngwaọrụ bureaucrat. Nke a bụ votu m nye ya. 

'''Support''' — I support this nomination. [[User:King ChristLike]] is active, understands the policies, and communicates well with other wikimedia communities and editors. I trust him with bureaucrat tools. This is a vote for him.
 [[Ojiarụ:Emmanuel Obiajulu|Emmanuel Obiajulu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Emmanuel Obiajulu|ṅkátá]]) 07:17, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)
*I '''strongly support''' this initiative. More technical hands are needed on the Igbo Wikipedia space which will help tackle alot of pending activities. I look forward to seeing more technical volunteers. --[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 08:30, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)</text>
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    <title>Abena Amoah</title>
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'''Abena Amoah''' bụ otu n'ime ndị isi ụmụ nwanyị Ghana na-ahụ maka ego, itinye ego na inye ndụmọdụ gbasara ego. Na Julaị 15, 2020, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi nchịkwa nke Ghana Stock Exchange. N'ọnọdụ a, Nwada Amoah na-ahụ maka ọrụ a na-arụ na ụlọ ọrụ mgbanwe ego ahu yana inyere onye isi njikwa aka ịkọwapụta na imejuputa atumatu n'ụlọ ọrụ mgbanwe ego ahu. Tupu nhọpụta a, Abena bụ onye isi ọrụ maka Baobab Advisors, ụlọ ọrụ Na-Enye ndụmọdụ gbasara ego ọ tọrọ nke ọ bu ya tọrọ ntọala ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/business/2018/january-11th/building-a-house-to-live-in-is-no-investment-financial-advisor.php|title=Building a house to live in is no investment– Financial Advisor|date=2018-01-11|work=myjoyonline.com|accessdate=2019-09-04|archivedate=2019-09-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904214728/https://www.myjoyonline.com/business/2018/january-11th/building-a-house-to-live-in-is-no-investment-financial-advisor.php}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amoah jere ozi na bọọdụ nke ụlọọrụ Wapic Insurance Limited (Ghana), Access Bank Limited (Ghana) nakwa African Women's Development Fund . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.marketscreener.com/business-leaders/Abena-Amoah-0B8XK6-E/biography/|title=Abena Amoah - Biography|author=MarketScreener|work=marketscreener.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ natara nrite Newmont Gold Ghana Highest Award for Excellence na National Youth Excellence Awards na 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/abena-amoah-to-speak-at-ghana-economic-forum/|title=Abena Amoah to speak at Ghana Economic Forum - News Ghana|work=newsghana.com.gh/|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; Edepụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị otu nari kacha pụta ìhè ndị ọchụnta ego na Ghana n'afọ 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://womanrising.org/2018/08/11/2016-100-most-outstanding-women-entrepreneurs-in-ghana/|title=2016 – 100 Most Outstanding Women Entrepreneurs In Ghana – WomanRising|author=WomanRising|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-04|archivedate=2019-09-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904210133/https://womanrising.org/2018/08/11/2016-100-most-outstanding-women-entrepreneurs-in-ghana/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abena Amoah bụ onye isi njikwa ọhụrụ nke Ghana Stock Exchange.[https://www.financialafrik.com/2022/10/18/abena-amoah-nouvelle-directrice-generale-de-la-bourse-du-ghana/].

== Agụmakwụkwọ ==
Abena Amoah gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Ghana Business School na klaasị mbụ ma nweta nzere bachelọ na nchịkwa. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na St Roses Senior High School n'aka Sista Solamen Ott na Simon Zeta nke German Dominican Nuns na Akwatia, Eastern Region, [[Ghana]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Amoah kpebiri iguzobe Boabab Advisors ka ọ rụchara ọrụ dịka onye na-ere ahịa ngwaahịa na onye isi ngalaba Banking Investment and Finance na Renaissance Capital na [[Ghana]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6222/abena-amoah-power-from-ghanas-pensions-and-petroleum/|title=Abena Amoah: Power from Ghana’s pensions and petroleum|date=2013-01-04|work=The Africa Report.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi n'ọtụtụ bọọdụ gụnyere nke Ghana Stock Exchange, Ghana Venture Capital Trust Fund, Pioneer Aluminium, NewWorld Renaissance Securities, Strategic African Securities, na Ghana Securities Industry Association. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Na 15th Julaị, 2020, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi njikwa maka ụlọọrụ Ghana Stock Exchange &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-07-15|title=Ghana Stock Exchange appoints Abena Amoah as Deputy Managing Director|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/business/stocks/ghana-stock-exchange-appoints-abena-amoah-as-deputy-managing-director/|accessdate=2020-07-16|work=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-10-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016075958/https://www.myjoyonline.com/business/stocks/ghana-stock-exchange-appoints-abena-amoah-as-deputy-managing-director/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mmezu ==

* Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi ụlọ ahịa Ghana Stock Exchange &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
* Ọ na-eje ozi na bọọdụ nke Fund for Development Women's African Women dị ka onye isi na onyeisi oche nke Kọmitii ego
* Ọ bụ Gọvanọ na Millennium Excellence Awards na 2005 &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Ebensidee ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Amoah, Abena}}</text>
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    <title>Alaa Mubarak</title>
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'''Alaa Mohammed Hosni El Sayed Mubarak''' ( Arabic ) ( Arabic pronunciation: حسني السيد مبارك; Egyptian Arabic pronunciation:  ( ′e)sˈsæjjed moˈbɑː'ɑk] ) (amụrụ na 26 Nọvemba 1960 na Cairo ) bụ onye ọchụnta ego Ijipt na okenye nke ụmụ nwoke abụọ nke Hosni Mubarak, onye bụbu onye isi ala Ijipt nke jere ozi site na 1981 ruo 2011, na nwunye ya Suzanne Mubarak .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2779795-Mubarak-Alaadoc1.html|title=Passport of Alaa Mubarak|author=Integrity)|first=Margarita Torres (Center for Public|work=documentcloud.org|accessdate=6 December 2017|archivedate=6 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206210343/https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2779795-Mubarak-Alaadoc1.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Usòrò:Alaa Mubarak.jpg|thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ|Alaa Mubarak]]

== Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Alaa Mubarak na Cairo nye Suzanne Mubarak na Hosni Mubarak, onye ghọrọ onye isi ala Ijipt na 1981, chụpụrụ ya na 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;aj&quot;&gt;(28 June 2012) [http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/2012/06/2012620124818367927.html The Family] Al Jazeera)&lt;/ref&gt; Alaa gara St. George's College, Cairo ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum America dị na Cairo.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Arabic&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Death of President Mubarak's Grandson|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/arabic/middle_east_news/newsid_8056000/8056723.stm|publisher=[[BBC Arabic]]|date=18 May 2009|accessdate=19 May 2009|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Mubarak edebewo ọkwa dị ala karịa nwanne ya nwoke nke nta, Gamal onye tinyere aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị tupu mgbanwe ndị Ijipt nke afọ 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-45534138|title=Egypt ex-President Mubarak's sons arrested|date=15 September 2018|work=BBC News|accessdate=17 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2011, e jidere ya na nna ya na nwanne ya nwoke na mmadụ atọ n'ime ha mechara maa ikpe maka nrụrụ aka n'afọ 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/world/middleeast/hosni-mubarak-trial.html|title=Mubarak Gets 3 Years for Embezzlement, and His Sons Get 4|first=David D.|author=Kirkpatrick|work=New York Times|date=22 May 2018|accessdate=10 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; A tọhapụrụ Alaa na nwanne ya nwoke n'ọnwa Ọktọba afọ 2015 mgbe ha mechara mkpọrọ afọ anọ, nke gụnyere oge ha jere ozi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/12/egypt-court-hosni-mubarak-sons-gamal-alaa-release-corruption-conviction|title=Egypt court orders release of Hosni Mubarak's sons|date=12 October 2015|work=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc12&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Egypt court orders release of Hosni Mubarak's sons|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34504422|accessdate=20 April 2016|publisher=BBC|date=12 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; EU enyela ha atọ iwu, ma kpọchie akụ niile Mubarak kpughere.&lt;ref name=&quot;guard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2016/apr/08/mossack-fonseca-law-firm-hide-money-panama-papers|title=Mossack Fonseca: inside the firm that helps the super-rich hide their money|work=The Guardian|date=8 April 2016|accessdate=7 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kpọrọ Alaa Mubarak aha na njikọ ya na Panama Papers.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Rayner|first=Gordon|title=Panama Papers: offshore firm set up by Cameron's father was moved to Ireland in year son became PM|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/04/05/panama-papers-david-cameron-forced-to-declare-tax-affairs-amid-o/|work=The Telegraph|date=6 April 2016|accessdate=6 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2013, ndị ọrụ ego nke British Virgin Islands chọpụtara na Alaa Mubarak nwere 'Pan World Investments', ego itinye ego maka ezinụlọ Mubarak nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ijeri $ 1 nke Mossack Fonseca tinyere, onye kwuru na Credit Suisse kpọbatara ya na ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;guard&quot; /&gt;

Na Septemba 2018, e jidere Alaa na nwanne ya nwoke Gamal, ma bo ya ebubo na ọ na-achịkwa ahịa ahịa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ikpe nrụrụ aka nke Alaa, tinyere ikpe nrụrụ aka nke nna ya na nwanne ya nwoke, ka Ụlọikpe Cassation nke Egypt kwadoro n'otu ọnwa ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/d5509e0e58534f7f9db11f7308b45b53|title=Egypt court upholds corruption conviction of Mubarak, sons|first=Hamza|author=Hendawi|publisher=Associated Press|date=22 September 2018|accessdate=10 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; E mechara tọhapụ Alaa na nwanne ya nwoke na Febụwarị 2020 maka ebubo ịzụ ahịa òkè na-akwadoghị nke afọ 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/22/world/africa/egypt-mubarak-sons.html|title=Egyptian Court Acquits Mubarak's Sons of Illicit Share Trading|work=New York Times|date=22 February 2020|accessdate=10 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 12 Machị 2021, European Union kagburu mmachibido iwu megide ndị Ijipt itoolu gụnyere ezinụlọ Mubarak, nke a nakweere kemgbe 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2021/03/12/egypt-eu-revokes-sanctions-framework-and-delists-9-people/|title=Egypt: EU revokes sanctions framework and delists 9 people|work=Council of the European Union|date=12 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Mubarak lụrụ Heddy Rasekh, onye ya na ya mụrụ ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Muhammad na Omar Alaa Mubarak. Muhammad nwụrụ na 18 Mee 2009, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ. A mara ọkwa na ọ tara ahụhụ 'nsogbu ahụike siri ike', nke a chọpụtara dị ka ọbara ọgbụgba ụbụrụ. E nyochara ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị agha Maadi ruo awa ole na ole tupu a kpọga ya Paris maka nlekọta ọzọ, ebe o mechara nwụọ. E weghachiri ozu ya ma lie ya na Cairo.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Arabic&quot; /&gt;

== Ndetu ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Òtù:1960 births]]</text>
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'''''Shade Thomas-Fahm''''', onye amụrụ '''Victoria''' Omọ́rọ́ník' Àdùk'́ '''Fọlashadé Thomas''' (ma a maara ya dịka &quot;Shadé Thomas&quot;), a na-ahụta ya dị ka &quot;onye mbụ na-emepụta ejiji ọgbara ọhụrụ na Naijiria&quot; na &quot;otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ihe kachasị mkpa n'Africa, na onye ọsụ ụzọ nke ejiji Naijiria&quot; Ọ bụ onye mbụ na-emepụta ejiji mepere ụlọ ahịa ejiji na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] ma mesịa mepee ọtụtụ ụlọ ahịa n'ebe dị iche iche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Nicolaadams {{!}}|title=Fashioning the Nation: A blouse created by a Nigerian fashion innovator|url=https://brightonmuseums.org.uk/discover/2020/06/16/fashioning-the-nation-a-blouse-created-by-a-nigerian-fashion-innovator/|accessdate=2021-04-15|work=Discover|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415135433/https://brightonmuseums.org.uk/discover/2020/06/16/fashioning-the-nation-a-blouse-created-by-a-nigerian-fashion-innovator/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-01-31|title=7 Nigerian Female Heroines You May Have Forgotten|url=https://reterdeen.com/7-nigerian-female-heroines-you-may-have-forgotten/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=Reterdeen|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sana Noor Haq|title=Nigerian fashion pioneer Folashade 'Shade' Thomas-Fahm will be celebrated at 'Africa Fashion' exhibition|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/nigerian-folashade-thomas-fahm-africa-fashion-exhibition-spc-intl/index.html|accessdate=2021-07-18|work=CNN|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=r/Africa - Mrs.Victoria Folashade Thomas-Fahm is Nigeria’s first fashion designer and the first to own a boutique (Shade’s Boutique) in Nigeria. The legendary designer who is in her 70’s now set the pace for the Nigerian fashion industry in the 1960s and 1970s.|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Africa/comments/lxokgm/mrsvictoria_folashade_thomasfahm_is_nigerias/|accessdate=2021-07-17|work=reddit|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-08-31|title=Recovered looted funds should be channeled into reviving textile sector — Shade Thomas-Fahm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/08/recovered-looted-funds-channeled-reviving-textile-sector-shade-thomas-fahm/|accessdate=2021-07-18|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shade Thomas Fahm mere ka a mara ụlọ ọrụ ejiji Naịjirịa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Why Fashion Breaks My Heart - Forbes Africa|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/focus/2012/11/01/fashion-breaks-heart/|accessdate=2021-07-19|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mmetụta ya na ejiji Naịjirịa diri kemgbe afọ 60 ruo ugbu a, n'ime Naịjirịa na mba ofesi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Udondian|first=Victoria-idongesit|date=2012-03-07|title=MYARTWORLD: . PROJECT: HABITUS|url=http://victoriaudondian.blogspot.com/2012/03/normal-0-false-false-false-en-us-x-none.html|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=MYARTWORLD}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Mmasị ya na okike ya tọrọ ntọala maka ụlọ ọrụ ejiji, ebe ọ kpalikwara ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe ịchụso ihe na-amasị ha. &quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Forbes|date=2012-11-01|title=Why Fashion Breaks My Heart|url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/focus/2012/11/01/fashion-breaks-heart/|accessdate=2021-04-15|work=Forbes Africa|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A ga-eme ememe mmetụta ya na-adịgide adịgide na Victoria na Albert Museum (V&amp;A) nke London na London na 2022.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-05-14|title=Nigerian vogue pioneer Folashade ‘Shade’ Thomas-Fahm can be celebrated at ‘Africa Fashion’ exhibition|url=https://www.flashheadlines.com/nigerian-fashion-pioneer-folashade-shade-thomas-fahm-will-be-celebrated-at-africa-fashion-exhibition-2/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=Flash News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-10-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011033401/https://www.flashheadlines.com/nigerian-fashion-pioneer-folashade-shade-thomas-fahm-will-be-celebrated-at-africa-fashion-exhibition-2/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-06|title=V&amp;A exhibition will use 250 objects to highlight creativity of African fashion|url=http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2021/jul/07/va-exhibition-will-use-250-objects-to-highlight-creativity-of-african-fashion|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=the Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Theodosi|first=Natalie|date=2021-01-20|title=Victoria &amp; Albert Museum Plans a Major African Fashion Exhibition for 2022|url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/victoria-albert-museum-plans-a-major-african-fashion-exhibition-for-1234701854/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=WWD|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ Ndụ ==
[[Faịlụ:'Bjay'_de_Ombre_Thomas-Fahm_(Musée_du_quai_Branly,_Paris)_(55219498450).png|áká_èkpè|thumb]]
A mụrụ Thomas-Fahm, na Septemba 22, 1933, n'ezinụlọ Maazị Bankole Ayorinde Thomas na Oriakụ Elizabeth Olaniwun Thomas. Ọ gara St. Peter's School, Faaji, Baptist Girl's School Araromi, na mgbe e mesịrị New Era Girls 'College, ha abụọ na Lagos.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu, mgbe ọ nọ na klas nke anọ ma na-eche maka rizọltụ ule Cambridge Junior Certificate iji banye High School ma ọ bụ Technical College, ọ hụrụ onwe ya dị ime. Nwa nwoke ọ mụrụ, na 1952, aha ya bụ Joachim Kofi Branco. Mgbe a mụsịrị ya, ọ kwagara Kano na Northern Nigeria ka ọ nọrọ nna nwa ya nso. Ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ n'oge na-adịghị anya, mgbe ọ chọpụtara na nwoke ahụ nwere nwanyị ọzọ ya na ya nwere mmekọ.

N'afọ ndị 1950, dị ka omume ahụ dị n'oge ahụ, o tinyere akwụkwọ ịga England ịmụ ihe dị ka nọọsụ. Ọ gawara n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1953. Ma mgbe ọ bịarutere England, ụlọ ahịa ndị dị mma nke West End nke London masịrị ya wee malite ejiji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sana Noor Haq|title=Nigerian fashion pioneer Folashade 'Shade' Thomas-Fahm will be celebrated at 'Africa Fashion' exhibition|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/nigerian-folashade-thomas-fahm-africa-fashion-exhibition-spc-intl/index.html|accessdate=2021-07-18|work=CNN|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwetara General Certificate of Education na Barret College, ma tinye akwụkwọ maka ịbanye na St. Martins College of Art and Design, ebe o ruru eru dị ka onye na-emepụta ejiji na 1959, na-aghọ nwanyị Naijiria mbụ nwetara nzere ọkachamara na imewe ejiji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Peter|first=Ijeoma|date=2015-05-20|title=Benny: SHADE THOMAS-FAHM|url=https://ijeomapeter.blogspot.com/2015/05/shade-thomas-fahm.html|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=Benny}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ obere ọrụ n'ebe dị iche iche nke gụnyere na Lion Corner House, mana o mechara rụọ ọrụ na Stenoff &amp; Sons ebe e mere ka ọ mụta ịme ihe ngosi. Ọrụ nlereanya ya mere ka ọ rụọ ọrụ maka nnukwu ụdị na England, gụnyere Lux Beauty Soap . E gosipụtara foto ya na mgbasa ozi ya ruo South Africa. Na London, ọ nwetara ụfọdụ ama dị ka onye nlereanya ojii, nke bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'oge ahụ.

N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 1960, ọ laghachiri Naịjirịa, wee malite ụlọ ahịa ejiji mbụ ya na ụlọ ahịa dị na Yaba nke a na-akpọ &quot;Maison Shadé&quot;, nke mechara bụrụ &quot;Shadé's Boutique&quot;. O debere atụmatụ ndị Naijiria ma bụrụ onye mbụ jiri mannequins dị ka ọ hụrụ na mba UK. Mgbe e mesịrị, o mepere ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta uwe na Broad Street nke nwere ngwá ọrụ ịchọ mma. N'ikpeazụ, ọ gbazitere ụlọ ahịa na Federal Palace Hotel e wuru ọhụrụ na Lagos.

O kwuru na ụfọdụ ihe bú mmasị ya ịweteghachi Naịjirịa mgbe ahụ, tupu mba ahụ enweta nnwere onwe ya, bụ &quot;inye ndị mmadụ ọrụ na idozi enweghị ọrụ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-10-03|title=Nigeria was much more favourable 55 years ago — Sade Thomas-Fahm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/10/nigeria-was-much-more-favourable-55-years-ago-sade-thomas-fahm/|accessdate=2021-07-18|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Na mbido, o siri ike ime ka ndị Naijiria kwenye ịzụta ákwà e mewere n'obodo, n'ihi na ndị mmadụ chere na ọdịbendị Britain ka mma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-10-02|title=50 years of recycled fashion|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/10/50-years-of-recycled-fashion/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ma nwayọ nwayọ, ọ ghọrọ onye na-emepụta ihe na onye na-emepụta uwe na Lagos fashion scene. Ọrụ ya malitekwara inweta nkwanye ùgwù mba ụwa. Otu n'ime atụmatụ ya, dịka ọmụmaatụ, gosipụtara na Singer International Fashion Catalogue na ịkpụ akwụkwọ na akwa dị mfe. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi ahụ ma otu n'ime atụmatụ ya ritere ihe nrite Singer.

N'ime afọ iri isii, Shadé's Boutique ya, na ụlọ ahịa uwe ya na Lagos ghọrọ ebe a na-aga maka uwe ndị Naijiria mere nke ụdị dị iche iche. Ha dị iche na ụlọ ahịa ndị ọzọ nke na-ere naanị atụmatụ ndị mba ọzọ. Ndị ahịa ya, n'ime afọ ndị gara aga, gụnyere ma ọha mmadụ dị elu (site na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gaa na ezinụlọ ndị agha, na ndị mba ọzọ nwere mmetụta, na ndị isi mba ọzọ dị ka Nicéphore Soglo, onye bụbu onye isi ala Benin Republic).

N'afọ 1977, n'oge ọchịchị [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], na ịgbaso Iwu Indigenization nke gọọmentị ndị agha, ndị agha gọọmentị jidere ụlọ ahịa Thomas-Fahm, weghara ya, ma na-elekọta ya ruo izu ole na ole. Mgbe ọtụtụ iwe na mkpu ọha na eze gasịrị, e weghachiri ya ụlọ ahịa ahụ.

Thomas-Fahm metụtara ọtụtụ ndị ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ, site na afọ ndị 1970s ruo ugbu a. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha gụnyere Abah Folawiyo, Betti O, Folorunsho Alakija, na [[Nike Davies-Okundaye|Nike Okundaye]], ndị niile nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ejiji Naịjirịa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shade Fahm {{!}} The Birdword by KOIBIRD|url=https://www.koibird.com/blogs/news/shade-fahm|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=www.koibird.com|language=en|archivedate=2021-07-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719122231/https://www.koibird.com/blogs/news/shade-fahm}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ Shadé na Mmetụta ya ==
Thomas-Fahm bụ ọkachamara n'iji akwa a kpara akpa na nke a na-ete n'ime obodo iji mee ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ nke a maara na Naịjirịa na gburugburu ụwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigerian Fashion Pioneer Folashade 'Shade' Thomas-Fahm Will Be Celebrated at 'Africa Fashion' Exhibition - Africa.com|url=https://www.africa.com/nigerian-fashion-pioneer-folashade-shade-thomas-fahm-will-be-celebrated-at-africa-fashion-exhibition/|accessdate=2021-07-18|work=www.africa.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ime afọ anọ, ọ buliri uru nke azụmahịa ya ruo ọnụ ahịa pound puku iri.

O mepụtara ọtụtụ atụmatụ ọgbara ọhụrụ site na ụdị ọdịnala. Ndị a gụnyere:

* mgbanwe nke ''iro'' na ''buba'' n'ime uwe mkpuchi;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Log into Facebook|url=https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fxfrocknrollx%2Fposts%2Fin-the-1960s-shade-thomas-fahm-modernized-the-yoruba-iro-wrapper-buba-top-and-ip%2F2775642109326861%2F|accessdate=2021-07-18|work=Facebook|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Author|date=2019-05-24|title=R6042 Blouse; Buba|url=https://fashioningafrica.brightonmuseums.org/fashion/r6042/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=Fashioning Africa|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* mgbanwe nke kaftan ụmụ nwoke ka ọ bụrụ kaftan ụmụ nwanyị;
* mgbanwe nke ''gele'' ka ọ bụrụ uwe isi;
* ịmepụta ngwa dị ka akpa aka, belt, na akpụkpọ ụkwụ, site na iji ákwà Afrịka; na
* okike nke 'ajuba' nke a maara ugbu a dị ka 'boubou' ụdị ''agbada'' ụmụ nwoke.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-07-28|title=Awaiting gains of Nigeria’s Multi-billion Naira Fashion Industry|url=https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/awaiting-gains-of-nigerias-multi-billion-naira-fashion-industry/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-07-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719120906/https://guardian.ng/sunday-magazine/awaiting-gains-of-nigerias-multi-billion-naira-fashion-industry/}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ọrụ ya gbanwere ụzọ ụmụ nwanyị si eji ejiji na Naịjirịa, n'ihi na ọrụ ya - nke a na-ahụ ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama, ji nwayọọ nwayọọ metụta otú ụmụ nwanyị Naịjirịa si eji ejiji.

O mekwara uwe maka nka na ọdịbendị, ọkachasị maka otu [[Wole Soyinka|Wole Soyinka's]] nke 1960 a kpọrọ Masks theatre group. O kwuru banyere ya na ihe ncheta ụlọ mkpọrọ ya ''nke'' akpọrọ The Man Died .

Thomas-Fahm bụkwa otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na-emepụta ihe na Naịjirịa, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ uwe ya na Block E, Industrial Estate, Yaba. Ọ bụ n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe a ka e mere atụmatụ ya bụrụ ihe pụrụ iche.

Ka oge na-aga, o nwere mmasị dị ukwuu na ọzụzụ nke ndị na-emepụta ejiji na Yaba College of Technology ebe ọ bụ onye ọbịa agụmakwụkwọ ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, ma nye onyinye maka nwa akwụkwọ kachasị pụta ìhè na ejiji.

== Ọrụ na Onyinye ==

* Onye isi oche nke Fashion Designers Association of Nigeria (afọ)
* Ihe nrite nke ndụ na Arise Magazine's Fashion Week na Lagos (2011).
* Onye isi oche nke Rotary Club nke Victoria Island site na 2009 ruo 2010&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2012-12-29|title=Rotary is about continuity of service - Thomas-Fahm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/12/rotary-is-about-continuity-of-service-thomas-fahm/|accessdate=2021-07-19|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebensidee ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2Baba</title>
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      <text bytes="21775" sha1="sgvyxygr28hn0jjzvzryg4om41q1j8h" xml:space="preserve">[[File:2face Idibia.png|thumb|2Baba na mmepe égwú ya ''The Ascension'', 2014]]
'''Innocent Ujah Idibia''' {{Audio|Ta-Innocent Ujah Idibia.ogg|Audio}} (Amụrụ na 18 Septemba 1975), nke a maara site n' aha egwu ya '''2Baba''', bụ onye [[Naijiria]] na-eti ma na-edekwa egwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Biography of the legendary singer 2Baba {{!}} Pulse Nigeria|url=https://www.pulse.ng/articles/entertainment/celebrities/biography-of-the-legendary-singer-2baba-2025021414450330274|work=www.pulse.ng|accessdate=2025-06-17|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/224789-2face-donates-n3-5-million-help-persons-displaced-boko-haram.html|title=2Face donates N3.5 million to help persons displaced by Boko Haram|date=27 February 2017|accessdate=3 September 2019|website=Premium Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-ewere ya dịka otu n'ime ndị egwu kachasị ukwuu na Naịjirịa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-08-21|title=Appreciating 2Baba as a conventional blueprint for longevity|url=https://thenativemag.com/2baba-blueprint-nigerian-music-2/|accessdate=2022-06-03|work=The NATIVE|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Ohunyon|first=Ehis|date=2018-07-16|title=Is 2baba the greatest Nigerian artist ever?|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-is-2baba-the-greatest-nigerian-artist-ever/g8cwn6r|accessdate=2022-06-02|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ onye kachasị ewu ewu maka igụ egwu na afọ 2000, site na egwú nke mbụ ya bụ ''Face2Face''. O bụ n'ime albọm ahu ka enwere egwu, &quot;African Queen&quot;, nke ewerụrụ dika egwu butere mmata ọhụrụ na nsọpụrụ maka egwu Naijiria n'[[Afrịka]] na Mba uwa niile.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Ohunyon|first=Ehis|date=2018-05-16|title=14 years after, 'Face 2 Face' is still a gem of an album|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-14-years-after-face-2-face-is-still-a-gem-of-an-album/zey37j7|accessdate=2022-06-03|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tupu Julaị 2014, 2Baba na aza 2face Idibia. Ọ bụ onye mmeri asambodo di iche íchè dika [[MTV Europe Music Awards]] na afọ 2005.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Njoku|first=Benjamin|title=2face changes name to 'Tu-baba'|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/07/2face-changes-name-tu-baba/|publisher=Vanguard|accessdate=30 July 2014|date=27 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-is-2baba-the-greatest-nigerian-artist-ever/g8cwn6r|title=Is 2baba the greatest Nigerian artist ever?|date=16 July 2018|accessdate=3 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/243568-10-things-to-know-about-2face-as-he-turns-42.html|title=10 things to know about 2face as he turns 42 &amp;#124; Premium Times Nigeria|date=18 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2019, 2baba, na mmekorita ya na ndị egwu ọzọ [[Cobhams Asuquo]] na Timi Dakolo, wepụtara abụ maka ịmara ikike ụmụaka.

== Mmalite ndú ==
[[Usòrò:2baba.jpg|thumb|2baba dika oyi akwa na acha ọbara obara]]
A mụrụ 2Baba na [[Jos]], Naijiria, ma site n'agbụrụ Idoma nke dị na [[Ȯra Benue]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Rise and Rise of Tu-Face&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/prime/bob/10109113755.htm|title=Rise and Rise of Tu-Face|publisher=newswatchngr.com|date=9 January 2006|accessdate=6 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715031503/http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/prime/bob/10109113755.htm|archivedate=15 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Mount Saint Gabriel nke dị na [[Makurdi]], na ihe ọmụmụ National Diploma na Business Administration na njikwa na Institute of Management &amp; Technology, [[Enụgwụ]] (IMT). Mgbe ọ na-aga IMT, 2Baba rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nke gụnyere ihazi ihe onyonyo na ihe oriri. Ọ na emekwa etu ahụ na mahadum mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị ka [[University of Nigeria]]. Ọ mechara hapụ agụmakwụkwọ iji tinye uchu na ihe gbasara egwu. Tụpụ nke áhu, mgbe ọ na-agụ na IMT, 2Baba amalitela ide ma na-abụ abụ nak GB Fan Club dị na Enugu State Broadcasting Services (ESBS), na 1996.{{citation needed}}

N'afọ 1996, 2Baba bara onwé ya aha egwu 2Face. O kwuru ihe kpatara ya bụ na ka aghara inwe njikọ na ndụ onwe na ndụ azụmahịa ya. N'afọ 2016, ọ gbanwere aha ya site na Tuface gaa na 2Baba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/2face-%E2%80%98officially%E2%80%99-changes-name-2baba|title=2face 'officially' changes name to 2baba|date=14 January 2016|publisher=Music In Africa|accessdate=14 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Na Plantashun Boiz ==
Ọ kwagara [[Lagos]] wee malite iso onye na-agụ egwu Benue [[Blackface Naija]]. Ọ zutere Blackface n'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-heres-both-sides-of-the-story-as-blackface-says-2baba-is-suing-him-for/wb08f8s|title=Here's both sides of the story as Blackface says 2baba is suing him for N50M|work=Pulse|date=19 July 2018|accessdate=19 September 2019|archivedate=13 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213084327/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-heres-both-sides-of-the-story-as-blackface-says-2baba-is-suing-him-for/wb08f8s}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya na Blackface (Ahmedu Augustine Obiabo) na onye egwu [[Faze (musician)|Faze]] (Chibuzor Orji), ọ gara n'ihu mepụta otu egwu atọ a na-akpọ Plantashun Boiz.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=LHX|first=TRANSSION|title=2Baba songs download: 2Baba MP3 new songs, lyrics, albums, playlists {{!}} Boomplay Music|url=https://www.boomplay.com/artists/1057?page=11|accessdate=2022-06-10|work=Boomplay Music - WebPlayer|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Plantashun Boiz wepụtara abọm abụọ na-aga nke ọma: &quot;Body and Soul&quot; (2000) na Sold Out (2003) n'okpuru akara Nelson Brown (Dove Records) tupu ha agbasa na 2004.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/06/2face-idibia-working-with-nelson-brown-on-upcoming-album/|title=2face Idibia working with Nelson Brown on upcoming album|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today|accessdate=9 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170019/http://thenet.ng/2013/06/2face-idibia-working-with-nelson-brown-on-upcoming-album/|archivedate=2 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mmekọrịta mebiri ọtụtụ afọ mgbe òtù ahụ kewara ma ndị otu ya malitere ọrụ ha n'onwe ha. Ogologo oge mgbe nkewa a maara dị ka anụ ehi &quot;Faze vs Tuface&quot;, ndị otu ahụ laghachiri n'otu na 2007 maka ebumnuche nke idekọ abọm nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ akpọrọ Plan B (2007).&lt;ref name=&quot;Idomaland&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.idomaland.org/icon/innocent-ujah-idibia-2face|title=Innocent Ujah Idibia (2Face)|work=Idomalang.org|accessdate=11 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọtụtụ oge, BlackFace kwuru na 2Face na-eme egwu ha abụọ dere ma ghara ịnye ya ego. Mgbe ogologo oge nke ikpe na mgbasa ozi agha gasịrị, e mechara kwụsị okwu ahụ n'udo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2019/11/28/theft-claim-blackface-apolgises-to-2baba-settle-out-of-court/|title=Theft Claim: Blackface Apolgises To 2Baba, Settles Out Of Court|work=[[Channels TV]]|accessdate=28 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ onwe onye ==
Mgbe a gbasara Plantashun Boyz na 2004, ndị otu niile chọrọ ọrụ egwu dị iche iche. 2Baba wepụtara abọm mbụ ya Face 2 Face (2004), nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ depụtara dị ka abọm izizi Naijiria nke narị afọ nke 21 site n'aka onye na-ese egwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Alake|first=Motolani|date=2020-03-17|title=Here are the top 10 Nigerian debut albums of the past 20 years|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/wizkid-asa-timaya-mi-abaga-and-the-top-10-nigerian-debut-albums-over-the-past-20/73sdp1x|accessdate=2022-06-03|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Abọm ahụ jụrụ egwu dịka &quot;Nfana Ibaga&quot;, &quot;Ole&quot;, na &quot;African Queen&quot; (nke a na-akpọ otu n'ime egwu kachasị egwu si n'Afrịka pụta ma bụrụ egwu egwu na ihe nkiri Hollywood nke afọ 2006 Phat Girlz).

Mgbe a tọhapụrụ abọm izizi ya, ọ wepụtara abọm nke abụọ ya Grass 2 Grace na 2006, nke nwere egwu dịka &quot;One Love&quot;, &quot;True Love, &quot;4 Instance&quot;.
[[Usòrò:Digital_Painting_of_Idibia_displayed_at_Pop-Up_exhibition.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Digital_Painting_of_Idibia_displayed_at_Pop-Up_exhibition.jpg/300px-Digital_Painting_of_Idibia_displayed_at_Pop-Up_exhibition.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|300x300px|Ihe osise na-enweghị atụ Star studded of Idibia gosipụtara na ihe ngosi Visual Collaborative pop-up nke isiokwu ENCORE na Disemba 2013]]
2Baba wepụtara abọm nnwale na 2009 nke akpọrọ The Unstoppable nke gụnyere otu &quot;Enter the Place&quot;. Nsogbu na nkesa abọm na 2007 mere ka mgbanwe nke ụbọchị ntọhapụ nke abọm ahụ site na 2008 ruo mmalite 2009. N'afọ 2010, 2Baba wepụtara &quot;International Edition&quot; nke otu abọm ahụ nke aha ya bụ The Unstoppable International Edition na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ''ihe'' na Naijiria mbụ nwere abọm mba ụwa dị ọnụ ala. 2face wepụtara egwu abụọ ọzọ site na ''mbipụta mba'' ụwa nke abọm ya The Unstop pable.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/1108-tuface-checks-piracy-with-classy-album-price.html|title=TuFace Checks Piracy With Classy Album Price|publisher=tribune.com.ng|accessdate=9 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322200436/http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/1108-tuface-checks-piracy-with-classy-album-price.html|archivedate=22 March 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Welcome&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2011/04/28/watch-2face-idibias-bet-international-welcome-to-america-interview-with-lola-ogunnaike|title=2Face Idibia's BET International &quot;Welcome to America&quot; Interview|publisher=Bellanaija.com|date=27 April 2011|accessdate=7 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mbipụta mba ụwa nke abọm ahụ meriri ihe nrite abụọ na 2010 SoundCity Music Video Awards. 2Baba merikwara Channel O Music Video Awards, Best African Western award na MTV Africa Music Awards maka Best Male and Artist of the year.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenetng.com/2010/11/22/soundcity-music-video-awards-2010-the-winners-circle/|title=Soundcity Music Video Awards 2010 – The Winner's Circle.|publisher=thenetng.com|date=22 November 2010|accessdate=9 March 2012|archivedate=4 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304162542/http://www.thenetng.com/2010/11/22/soundcity-music-video-awards-2010-the-winners-circle/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.museke.com/node/7071|title=Fally Ipupa &amp; Tuface Idibia lead MTV Africa Music Awards winners 2010|publisher=museke.com|date=12 December 2010|accessdate=9 April 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823191649/http://www.museke.com/node/7071|archivedate=23 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ hapụrụ akara egwu Kennis Music mgbe a tọhapụrụ abọm nke abụọ ya, o guzobere akara ndekọ nke ya nke a maara dị ka Hypertek Digital.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianewsdaily.com/nigerianewsentertainment/nigerianewsmusic/12942-tuface-idibia-opens-up-on-the-sucess-story-of-his-hit-track-african-queen--why-he-left-kennis-music.html|title=Tuface Idibia opens up on why he left Kennis music|publisher=Nigerianewsdaily.com|date=28 October 2011|accessdate=9 March 2012|archivedate=16 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916023514/http://www.nigerianewsdaily.com/nigerianewsentertainment/nigerianewsmusic/12942-tuface-idibia-opens-up-on-the-sucess-story-of-his-hit-track-african-queen--why-he-left-kennis-music.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Sony All African One8 Project n'akụkụ ndị egwu asaa ndị ọzọ gafee Africa na-edekọ otu egwu na R. Kelly na Prince Lee nke akpọrọ &quot;Hands Across the World&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rnbmusicblog.com/hands-across-the-world-video-one8-r-kelly/17936/|title=Hands Across The World Video – ONE8 with R. Kelly|publisher=Rnbmusicblog.com|date=19 November 2010|accessdate=9 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616081256/http://www.rnbmusicblog.com/hands-across-the-world-video-one8-r-kelly/17936/|archivedate=16 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nkwekọrịta nkwado ==
2Baba, n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2016, ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya Afrịka mbụ nke mmanya na-aba n'anya nke Ịtali Campari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2016-04-22|title=2Face, Annie Idibia bag new endorsement deal|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/04/2face-annie-idibia-bag-new-endorsement-deal/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/11614/6/endorsement-deals-new-income-source-for-celebritie.html|title=Endorsement deals: New income source for celebrities|author=Nonye Ben-Nwankwo|accessdate=9 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210084933/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/11614/6/endorsement-deals-new-income-source-for-celebritie.html|archivedate=10 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2005, a kpọrọ aha ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya biya Guinness.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-09-18|title=2Face Idibia: Ten Most Iconic Moments|url=https://guardian.ng/life/life-features/2face-idibia-ten-of-his-most-iconic-moments/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828185201/https://guardian.ng/life/life-features/2face-idibia-ten-of-his-most-iconic-moments/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụkwa onye nnọchi anya akara maka ￼￼&quot;National Agency for Food and Drug And Administration and Control&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2011/11/23/2face-idibia-nicks-deals-with-nb-plc/|title=2Face Idibia Nicks Deals With NB Plc – P.M. NEWS Nigeria|accessdate=9 March 2015|date=23 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2010, 2Baba bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado na Airtel Nigeria.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-06-15|title=2 Face, IK, Akpororo, others now Airtel brand ambassadors|url=https://guardian.ng/features/media/2-face-ik-akpororo-others-now-airtel-brand-ambassadors/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828194615/https://guardian.ng/features/media/2-face-ik-akpororo-others-now-airtel-brand-ambassadors/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe nkwekọrịta ya na Airtel gwụrụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado ọhụrụ na Globacom telecommunication na Mee 2019. 2Baba ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya Pazino Homes and Gardens, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ, na Julaị 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-05-23|title=2face dumps Airtel, becomes Glo ambassador|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/05/2face-dumps-airtel-becomes-glo-ambassador/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-07-03|title=2Baba lands endorsement deal with real estate firm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/07/2baba-lands-endorsement-deal-with-real-estate-firm/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A họọrọ Tuface n'akụkụ Wizkid dị ka ihu nke oge nka Hennessy na 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2014-10-13|title=2Face, Wizkid in first collabo as Hennessy Artistry goes to Ghana|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/2face-wizkid-first-collabo-hennessy-artistry-goes-ghana/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na afọ 2019, 2Baba ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya mbụ na nke gọọmentị maka Oraimo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/04/oraimo-unveils-2face-as-brand-ambassador-launches-310-hours-battery-life-necklace/|title=oraimo Unveils 2Face as Brand Ambassador, Launches 310 Hours Battery Life Necklace|date=2019-10-04|work=[[This Day]]|accessdate=2021-02-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2Baba bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado ya na akara ala, ụlọ pazino na ogige dị ka ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya akara ugbu a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-07-03|title=2Baba lands endorsement deal with real estate firm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/07/2baba-lands-endorsement-deal-with-real-estate-firm/|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Egwuregwu otuto kpakpando niile e mere ka ha nwee obi ụtọ ==
The FORTYfied All-Star Tribute Concert, nke a na-akpọ #FORTYfied, bụ ihe ngosi ụtụ kpakpando niile nke 2Baba haziri iji mee emume ncheta ọmụmụ ya nke afọ 40 na mmetụta na egwu nke Naịjirịa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/star-celebrates-2face-at-40/|title=STAR CELEBRATES 2FACE AT 40|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|date=18 September 2015|accessdate=21 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ịbụ nke [[Basketmouth]] kwadoro, emere egwu STAR Lager Beer na 20 Septemba 2015 na Eko Hotel and Suites Convention Centre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/star-to-celebrate-2face-at-40-with-all-star-tribute-concert/|title=STAR to Celebrate 2Face at 40 With All-Star Tribute Concert|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|date=17 September 2015|accessdate=21 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị isi na-abịa na kọntaktị ahụ ma gosipụta ihe ngosi sitere n'aka ndị egwu ama ama gụnyere [[Wizkid]], Burna Boy, [[Timaya]], [[D'banj]], [[Sound Sultan]], Patoranking, Vector tha Viper, [[Wande Coal]] na Seyi Shay.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/buzz/2face-idibia-singer-announces-concert-to-mark-40th-birthday-id4148177.html|title=Singer announces concert to mark 40th birthday|work=Pulse Nigeria|author=Joey Akan|date=8 September 2015|accessdate=21 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụkwa onye nwe Buckwyld na Breathless concert.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/09/started-buckwyld-breathless-concert-2face-idibia/|title=Why I started Buckwyld &amp; Breathless concert – 2face Idibia – Vanguard News|date=24 September 2017|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=23 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye na alụmdi na nwunye ==
2Baba lụrụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri, ihe nlereanya na onye ọchụnta ego [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Idibia]] (née Macauley). Na 2 Mee 2012, 2Baba na [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Macaulay]] lụrụ na [[Lagos]], Nigeria n'ememe nzuzo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thenetng.com/2012/05/04/2face-Idibia-and-Annie-Macaulay-wed-secretly|title=2face Idibia and Annie Macaulay wed secretly|publisher=thenetng.com|date=4 May 2012|accessdate=4 May 2012|archivedate=7 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507035806/http://thenetng.com/2012/05/04/2face-idibia-and-annie-macaulay-wed-secretly}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/annie-anointed-queen-of-a-shooting-star|title=Annie, anointed queen of a shooting star|publisher=punchng.com|date=17 February 2012|accessdate=3 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229124315/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/annie-anointed-queen-of-a-shooting-star/|archivedate=29 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; E mekwara emume obodo na Dubai, UAE na 23 Machị 2013 ma nwee ọtụtụ ndị ama ama.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2013/03/the-venues-tuface-idibia-and-annie-macaulays-dubai-wedding/|title=The Venues: Tuface Idibia and Annie Macaulay's Dubai Wedding|date=23 March 2013|accessdate=26 August 2022|archivedate=17 September 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917002700/https://www.360nobs.com/2013/03/the-venues-tuface-idibia-and-annie-macaulays-dubai-wedding/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/2face-annie-idibia-10-cutest-couple-moments-of-singer-and-wife-as-they-mark-3rd/e2j5mj8|title=10 cutest couple moments of singer and wife as they mark 3rd wedding anniversary|date=23 March 2016|accessdate=26 August 2022|archivedate=20 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820120024/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/2face-annie-idibia-10-cutest-couple-moments-of-singer-and-wife-as-they-mark-3rd/e2j5mj8}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di na nwunye a ma ama bụ nne na nna ụmụ nwanyị abụọ: Olivia Idibia na Isabella Idibia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Viral Archives|url=https://www.ngnews247.com/topic/viral/|accessdate=2022-08-02|work=NGNews247|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826045529/https://www.ngnews247.com/topic/viral/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ya na enyi nwanyị ya n'oge ahụ bụ Annie Macaulayīdibia, 2Baba mụrụ ụmụ abụọ na Sumbo Ajala na atọ na Pero Adeniyi. 2face nwere ngụkọta nke ụmụ asaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/2face-idibia-reveals-having-many-baby-mamas-almost-sent-him-into-depression/|title=2Face Idibia Reveals Having Many Baby Mamas Almost Sent Him into Depression|date=8 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2015/09/2face-idibia-at-40-meet-the-7-children-of-2face.html|title=2face Idibia at 40: Meet the 7 Children of 2face|date=25 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2Baba lanarịrị ihe omume ndị fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ, gụnyere ịgba égbè site na ohi na nso Oshodi, Lagos.&lt;ref name=&quot;Welcome&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/ahaoma-kanu/tuface-idibia-recuperating-and-fine.-with-exclusive-pict.html|title=Tuface Idibia recuperating and fine|publisher=nigeriavillagesquare.com|date=9 October 2007|accessdate=9 April 2012|archivedate=9 January 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109151502/http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/ahaoma-kanu/tuface-idibia-recuperating-and-fine.-with-exclusive-pict.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
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{{Databox}}Ntuli aka gọvanọ nke steeti Lagos nke afọ '''2003''' mere n'ụbọchị iri na itoolu nke ọnwa Eprel afọ 2003.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=2003+kaduna+governorship+election+results|title=Nigeria Presidential and Gubernatorial Elections 2003|publisher=EU Election Observation Mission|location=Abuja|format=PDF|date=April 22, 2003|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/id85.html|title=19 April 2003 Gubernatorial Elections in Nigeria|publisher=African Elections Database|accessdate=May 25, 2021|archivedate=15 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515183503/https://africanelections.tripod.com/id85.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/212733/Nigeria-general-elections_12-&amp;-19-April-03-May-20016_EU-EOM-report.pdf|title=Nigeria General Elections 12 &amp; 19 April 2003 and 03 May 2003|publisher=European Union Election Observation Mission|accessdate=May 22, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/412eef5b4.html|title=Nigeria's 2003 Elections: The Unacknowledged Violence|publisher=Ref World|accessdate=May 22, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gọvanọ AD na-achị ugbu a bụ [[Bola Tinubu]] meriri ntuli aka maka oge nke abụọ, na-emeri Funsho Williams nke [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] na ndị ọzọ anọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Da&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://dawodu.com/aluko50.htm|title=What Happened in the South-West – The Myth of Massive Repudiation &amp; Enthusiastic Acceptance|author=Aluko, Mobolaji E.|date=May 25, 2003|publisher=Dawodu.com|accessdate=May 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AU&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|title=The 2003 Elections in Nigeria: Views from a Policy Maker|author=Akinyele, T. A.|journal=Africa Update|volume=XI|issue=4|date=Fall 2004|accessdate=May 17, 2021}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFAkinyele,_T._A.2004&quot;&gt;Akinyele, T. A. (Fall 2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html &quot;The 2003 Elections in Nigeria: Views from a Policy Maker&quot;]. ''Africa Update''. CCSU. '''XI''' (4)&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;May 17,&lt;/span&gt; 2021&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/apr/22/072.html|title=PDP captures 27 states; ANPP-7; AD-1 l Obasanjo set for victory|date=April 22, 2003|publisher=Biafra Nigeria World.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327221428/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/apr/22/072.html|accessdate=May 20, 2021|archivedate=March 27, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|title=Nigerian States|publisher=World Statesmen|accessdate=2021-05-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528072649/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Nigeria_federal_states.htm|archivedate=28 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series|volume=40|issue=4|pages=15255–15290|title=Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series, April 1st-30th 2003 Published May 29th 2003|date=May 23, 2003|doi=10.1111/1467-825X.00177|url=https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-825X.00177|accessdate=May 23, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2002/06/08/20020608spe01.html|title=SCORE-CARD!!!|work=This Day|date=2002-06-08|accessdate=2021-05-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621015143/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2002/06/08/20020608spe01.html|archivedate=2007-06-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/letters/2003/may/053ltr.html|title=Lagos Governorship Result: INEC Bungle detrimental to the sustenance of democracy|date=May 5, 2003|publisher=Nigeria world|accessdate=May 16, 2021|archivedate=May 16, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516221425/https://nigeriaworld.com/letters/2003/may/053ltr.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://m.guardian.ng/politics/for-southwest-pdp-its-time-to-repeat-2003-victories/amp/|title=For Southwest PDP, it's time to repeat 2003 victories|author=Bello, Niyi|date=July 20, 2017|work=The Guardian|accessdate=May 26, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://reuters.screenocean.com/record/505869|title=NIGERIA: GOVERNOR BOLA TINUBU RETAINS HIS LAGOS SEAT IN ELECTION|date=April 20, 2003|publisher=[[Reuters]]|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/35131/bola-tinubu-the-kingmaker-who-would-be-king/|title=Nigeria's Bola Tinubu: the Kingmaker who would be King?|author=Ayeni, 'Tofe|date=July 27, 2020|publisher=The Africa Report|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Bola Tinubu]] pụtara n'enweghị onye na-emeghe ya na ntuli aka gọvanọ AD mgbe ndị niile na-achọ ịpụ. O nwere Femi Pedro dị ka onye ya na ya na-agba ọsọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://governor.lagosstate.gov.ng/2019/04/25/asiwaju-bola-ahmed-tinubu-1999-2007/|title=Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu-1999-2007|publisher=Lagos State Government|accessdate=May 16, 2021|archivedate=June 5, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605010622/https://governor.lagosstate.gov.ng/2019/04/25/asiwaju-bola-ahmed-tinubu-1999-2007/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/12/impeachment-of-ex-lagos-deputy-gov-femi-pedro-invalidated/|title=Impeachment of ex-Lagos Deputy Gov, Femi Pedro invalidated|date=December 31, 2015|publisher=Vanguard|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/thisday/20180107/282059097390703|title=Luckieat Dude Ever! Femi Pedro's Political Resurgence|publisher=This Day|date=January 7, 2018|work=Press Reader|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://ibcity.info/index.php/component/content/article?id=216:former-deputy-governor-femi-pedro-to-speak-at-tedxbodija|title=FORMER LAGOS STATE DEPUTY-GOVERNOR FEMI PEDRO TO SPEAK AT TEDXBODIJA|author=Adeleke, Ronke|publisher=Ibadan City|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/06/bn-book-excerpt-the-formula-for-wealth-by-femi-pedro/|title=BN Book Excerpt: The Formula For Wealth by Femi Pedro|date=June 8, 2020|publisher=BellaNaija.com|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://encomium.ng/why-we-reversed-femi-pedros-impeachment-hon-s-o-b-agunbiade-majority-leader-lagos-house-of-assembly/|title='Why we reversed Femi Pedro's impeachment'' – Hon. S.O.B Agunbiade, Majority Leader, Lagos House of Assembly|date=January 19, 2016|publisher=Encomium|accessdate=May 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PDoIDEXdZwkC&amp;dq=Benjamin+Elue+2003+deputy&amp;pg=PA159|title=Nigeria: Echoes of a Century: Volume Two 1999-2014|author=Azikiwe, Ifeoha|date=2013|isbn=9781481729291|accessdate=May 27, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/10/08/state-governors-and-their-deputies-2/?_gl=1*1ks7sm*_ga*a3BDcWhmU3phVndTOUdnVVRxci10eVBOdC1uTmtXemRFN3Q3OHkxYk9WWHc4MnAtVDdnWEVyVXFERjFtVGV4cw..|title=State Governors and Their Deputies|author=Emmanuel, Odang|work=Rainbow Nigeria|accessdate=May 31, 2021|archivedate=June 2, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213338/https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/10/08/state-governors-and-their-deputies-2/?_gl=1*1ks7sm*_ga*a3BDcWhmU3phVndTOUdnVVRxci10eVBOdC1uTmtXemRFN3Q3OHkxYk9WWHc4MnAtVDdnWEVyVXFERjFtVGV4cw..}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Funsho Williams bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2006/07/28/candidate-lagos-governorship-murdered-violent-election-feared|title=Candidate for Lagos governorship murdered; violent election feared|publisher=The New Humanitarian|accessdate=May 16, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Usoro ntuli aka ==
A na-ahọpụta [[List of governors of Lagos State|Gọvanọ nke Lagos Steeti]] site na iji usoro ịtụ vootu.

== Nsonaazụ ==
Ngụkọta nke mmadụ isii dere aha na Independent National Electoral Commission iji sọọ mpi na ntuli aka ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamji.com/aluko/aluko46.htm|title=NIGERIAN ELECTIONS 2003: Update 006: Nigerian Presidential &amp; Gubernatorial Candidates|author=Aluko|first=Mobolaji E.|date=February 23, 2003|publisher=Gamji|accessdate=May 17, 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gọvanọ AD [[Bola Tinubu]] meriri nhọpụta ọzọ maka oge nke abụọ, na-emeri Funsho Williams nke ndị PDP na ndị otu anọ dị obere.&lt;ref name=&quot;AU&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors2003.html|title=Nigerian State Elected Governors 2003|publisher=Nigeriaworld|date=September 6, 2003|editor=Odili, Chuck E.|accessdate=May 20, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61586.htm|title=Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor 2005|date=March 8, 2006|publisher=US Department of State|accessdate=May 22, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/53451/Nyam_Analysis_2015.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y|title=AN ANALYSIS OF THE 2003 AND 2007 ELECTORAL VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA|author=Aondowase, Nyam|year=2015|format=PDF|accessdate=May 22, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Onoja, Adoyi|title=Nature, Character and Outcomes of Post Election Challenges in Nigeria|journal=Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria|volume=18|date=2009|pages=79–104|format=JSTOR|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41854929|accessdate=May 23, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ngụkọta nke ndị debanyere aha na steeti ahụ bụ 4,558,216.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://dawodu.com/aluko44.htm|title=A Preliminary Forensic Analysis of INEC's Website So Far|author=Aluko|first=Mobolaji E.|date=April 28, 2003|publisher=Dawodu.com|accessdate=May 17, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AU&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Da&quot;/&gt;{{Election results|cand1=[[Bola Tinubu]]|party1=[[Alliance for Democracy (Nigeria)|Alliance for Democracy]] (AD)|votes1=|cand2=[[Funsho Williams]]|party2=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]]|votes2=|cand3=Lanre Rasaq|party3=[[All Nigeria Peoples Party]] (ANPP)|votes3=|cand4=[[Kofoworola Bucknor-Akerele]]|party4=[[United Nigeria People's Party]] (UNPP)|votes4=|cand5=Adewunmi Abbass|party5=NCP|votes5=|cand6=Dimejila Muren|party6=ARP|votes6=|invalid=|electorate=4558216|source=}}

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Félicite Bada</title>
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      <comment>King ChristLike moved page [[Obi ụtọ Bada]] to [[Félicite Bada]]: Misspelled title</comment>
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{{Databox}}Félicite Bada (amụrụ na 14 Machị 1962) bụ onye Benin na-agba ọsọ nke na-ahụ maka 100 mita nke ụmụ nwanyị na 200 mita nke ụmụ nwoke. O sonyere na Egwuregwu na 1987 Egwuregwu Afrika niile na august1987, ebe ọ gbara ọsọ kachasị mma nke 25.08 sekọnd na mita 200. Na Seoul, o sonyere na 1988 Olimpik oge okpomọkụ ebe ọ bụ onye na-eburu ọkọlọtọ maka Benin.  Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị onye nke asaa na ikpo ọkụ 1 nke 100 mita, ọ ka na-agba ọsọ oge kachasị mma nke 12.27 sekọnd.

== Ọrụ ==
A mụrụ Bada na 14 Machị 1962. Ọrụ ya nọ n'ọkwa ya na ngwụcha afọ 1980. O setịpụrụ ihe kachasị mma nke onwe ya nke 25.08 sekọnd na mita 200 na 11 Ọgọstụ 1987 na Nairobi na Egwuregwu Afrika niile, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị onye nke asatọ na nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.iaaf.org/athletes/benin/felicite-bada-63714|title=Felicite Bada|publisher=IAAF|accessdate=22 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.les-sports.info/felicite-bada-athletisme-spf185123.html|title=Felicite Bada|publisher=Les-sports.info|accessdate=22 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bada ruru eru maka 1988 Summer Olympics na Seoul, ọ bụkwa onye na-eburu ọkọlọtọ maka mba ya. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu asatọ ruru eru maka Olimpik n'afọ ahụ site na Benin, ndị ọzọ bụ onye judo [[Daniel Dohoua Dossou]], na ndị egwuregwu Issa Alassane-Ousséni na mita 100, José de Souza na 110m ihe mgbochi, na ndị na-agba ọsọ 4 x 100 Fortune Ogouchi, Patrice Mahoulikponto, Dossou Vignissy na Issa Alassani-Ousseni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/BEN/summer/1988/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093147/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/BEN/summer/1988/|archivedate=17 April 2020|title=Benin at the 1988 Seoul Summer Games|publisher=[[Sports Reference]]|accessdate=25 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na ihe omume 100 mita nke ụmụ nwanyị, Bada mechara nke asaa ikpo ọkụ 1, na-erughị eru, mana ọ ka na-agba ọsọ oge kachasị mma nke 12.27 sekọnd.&lt;ref name=&quot;SR&quot; /&gt; N'ihe omume mita 200 nke ụmụ nwanyị, ọ mechara nke isii na ikpo ọkụ 1 na oge nke 25:42 sekọnd, ọzọ na-enweghị ike ịga n'ihu.&lt;ref name=&quot;SR&quot; /&gt;

E depụtara Bada na 5 ft 4 sentimita n'ogologo (163 cm) na ịdị arọ ya n'oge ọrụ ya dị na 121 paụnd ma ọ bụ 55 kilogram.&lt;ref name=&quot;SR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/felicite-bada-1.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081212021955/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/felicite-bada-1.html|archivedate=12 December 2008|title=Félicite Bada Bio, Stats, and Results|work=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|accessdate=8 August 2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;. ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. Archived from [https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/felicite-bada-1.html the original] on 12 December 2008&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8 August&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==

[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ọwa anwansi</title>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="8264" sha1="p99jf989n3p3y707rr8sumf1bw5b0ea" xml:space="preserve">[[Usòrò:Caribbean_Princess_at_Liverpool_-_2013-07-27.JPG|thumb|Princess Cruises natara ụgwọ ndekọ maka ịgbanwe ihe na-ekewa mmiri mmanụ ya n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị na mmetọ mmiri mmiri mmiri&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian 2016-12-02&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=The $40m 'magic pipe': Princess Cruises given record fine for dumping oil at sea|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/dec/02/the-40m-magic-pipe-princess-cruises-given-record-fine-for-dumping-oil-at-sea|work=The Guardian|date=2 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ọkpụkpọ anwansi bụ mgbanwe na-enweghị atụ nye onye na-ekewa mmanụ mmanụ (OWS), ma ọ bụ ngwa ihe mkpofu ndị ọzọ, nke na-enye ohere ịwepu mmiri mmiri na-ekpofu ihe megidere iwu mmetọ mmiri.  Mgbanwe akụrụngwa ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ike ikwe ka ọtụtụ narị puku galọn nke mmiri mmetọ wụpụ na-emetọghị ya, na-ebute oke mmetọ nke mmiri mmiri.

== Usoro aghụghọ ==
[[Usòrò:Oily_water_separator_make_Victor_Marine.JPG|thumb|Ihe na-ekewa mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ]]
Enwere ike ịmegharị ọkpọkọ ahụ, n'ime ụgbọ mmiri, site na hoses na nfuli dịnụ, iji wepụ mmiri mkpofu na-adịghị edozi ozugbo banye n'oké osimiri.  Dị ka ụgbọ mmiri na-achọrọ idekọ ndekọ nke mkpofu na ọgwụgwọ ya, ikpe anwansi na-agụnyekarị ịgha ụgha nke ndekọ ndị a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/government/environmental-regulations/862836-1.html|title=Magic pipe incident draws huge fine|work=All Business|publisher=Simmons-Boardman Publishing|date=1 January 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211101541/http://www.allbusiness.com/government/environmental-regulations/862836-1.html|archivedate=11 December 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-akpọ ọkpọkọ ahụ &quot;magic&quot; n'ihi na ọ na-agafe ihe na-ekewa mmiri mmanụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ma na-aga kpọmkwem n'ụgbọ mmiri. N'ihi ya, ọ nwere ike ime ka mmiri a na-agwọghị agwọ &quot;na-apụ n'anya&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;kantharia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Kantharia|first=Raunek|title=Magic Pipe: The Mystery of the Illegal Activity Still Continues on Ships|url=http://www.marineinsight.com/misc/maritime-law/magic-pipe-the-mystery-of-the-illegal-activity-still-continues-on-ships/|date=24 October 2019|work=Marine Insight|accessdate=25 April 2023|archivedate=18 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118000137/http://www.marineinsight.com/misc/maritime-law/magic-pipe-the-mystery-of-the-illegal-activity-still-continues-on-ships/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọtụtụ mgbe, enwere ike iwepụ ọkpọkọ ahụ n'ụzọ dị mfe ma chekwaa ya n'ebe dị iche n'ụgbọ mmiri ka ndị ọrụ steeti na ndị na-achịkwa ya ghara ịchọpụta ojiji ya. Ojiji nke ọkpọkọ anwansi na-aga n'ihu ruo taa, yana mgbalị iji melite ọgwụgwọ mmiri iji mee ka ojiji nke ọkụkụ anwansi ghara ịdị mkpa.&lt;ref name=&quot;kantharia&quot; /&gt;

== Mmetụta iwu ==
Na United States, ikpe anwansi na-adọta nnukwu ụgwọ maka ụgbọ mmiri, na ikpe ụlọ mkpọrọ maka ndị ọrụ. A na-emekarị ka ikpe ndị ahụ pụta ìhè site n'aka ndị na-afụ ụfụfụ, gụnyere ikpe nke afọ 2016 metụtara Princess Cruises, nke dugara na ụgwọ US $ 40 nde.&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian 2016-12-02&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=The $40m 'magic pipe': Princess Cruises given record fine for dumping oil at sea|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/dec/02/the-40m-magic-pipe-princess-cruises-given-record-fine-for-dumping-oil-at-sea|work=The Guardian|date=2 December 2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/dec/02/the-40m-magic-pipe-princess-cruises-given-record-fine-for-dumping-oil-at-sea &quot;The $40m 'magic pipe': Princess Cruises given record fine for dumping oil at sea&quot;]. ''The Guardian''. 2 December 2016.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2021, a mara onye injinia ụgbọ mmiri na Zao Galaxy, ụgbọ mmanụ, ikpe maka ịkpachara anya na-atụfu mmiri mmanụ na Febụwarị afọ 2019 ma nyefee akwụkwọ ụgha na mgbalị izochi mpụ ahụ. Injinia nwere ike ịnata nnukwu mkpọrọ na nra.  A tara onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ntaramahụhụ US $1.65 million wee nye iwu ka ọ &quot;mejuputa atụmatụ nnabata gburugburu ebe obibi zuru oke.&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=First Engineer Of International Commercial Cargo Tanker Convicted Of Falsifying Records And Obstructing Justice In Scheme To Dump Oily Bilge In International Waters|url=https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndca/pr/first-engineer-international-commercial-cargo-tanker-convicted-falsifying-records-and|date=20 April 2021|publisher=U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of California}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na usoro OWS ochie, a na-etinye ọkpọkọ na-agafe agafe na nkwado nchịkwa. A naghịzi etinye ọkpọkọ ndị a a kwadoro na ụgbọ mmiri ọhụrụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Carnival Cruise Lines Hit With $20 Million Penalty For Environmental Crimes|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/06/04/729622653/carnival-cruise-lines-hit-with-20-million-penalty-for-environmental-crimes|accessdate=2019-09-28|publisher=NPR|date=6 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ ihe mberede siri ike, a na-ahapụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ka ha kwapụ mmiri na-adịghị edozi n'ime mmiri, mana ha kwesịrị ikwupụta ihe mberede ndị a n'akwụkwọ ndekọ ụgbọ mmiri na akwụkwọ ndekọ mmanụ.  Mwepu edebanyeghị aha na-emebi nkwekọrịta njikwa mmetọ mba ụwa MARPOL 73/78.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Blenker|first=Nick|title=Bulker operator cops plea in &quot;magic pipe&quot; case|url=https://www.marinelog.com/news/bulker-operator-cops-plea-in-magic-pipe-case/|work=Marine Log|publisher=Simmons-Boardman|date=21 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Moore|first=Kirk|title=German bulk carrier company fined $3.2 million for 'magic pipe' oil discharges|url=https://www.workboat.com/news/bluewater/german-bulk-carrier-company-fined-3-2-million-for-magic-pipe-oil-discharges/|date=8 November 2018|work=Work Boat|publisher=Diversified Communications}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe mkpali na ibu ọrụ ==
Nsogbu a na-akawanye njọ site na enweghị akụrụngwa na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe;  ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ nnabata ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri anaghị ekwe ka a na-agbapụta mmiri mmanụ n'ụzọ dị mfe ma na-akwụ ụgwọ nke ọma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=A corrupt corporate culture|url=http://www.motorship.com/news101/ships-equipment/a-corrupt-corporate-culture|date=18 February 2013|work=The Motorship|publisher=Mercator Media Ltd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ndị injinia, na ndị nwe ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike ịnata nnukwu ụgwọ na ọbụna mkpọrọ ma ọ bụrụ na ha anọgide na-eji ọkpọkọ anwansi emebi gburugburu ebe obibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;kantharia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Walker|first=Jim|title=Caribbean Princess, Star Princess, Grand Princess, Coral Princess and Golden Princess?|url=https://www.cruiselawnews.com/2019/06/articles/pollution/carnival-pollution-case-why-no-prosecution-of-the-engineers-on-the-caribbean-princess-star-princess-grand-princess-coral-princess-and-golden-princess/|work=Cruise Law News|publisher=Walker &amp; O’Neill, P.A.|date=19 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ doro anya, ụfọdụ ndị injinia na-eji usoro njikwa ọkpọkọ anwansi n'ihi:

* Enweghị ọzụzụ
* Enweghị enyemaka n'akụkụ osimiri n'ihe gbasara ọgwụgwọ mmiri
* Enweghị mmasị n'ebe okpomọkụ dị n'oké osimiri.&lt;ref name=&quot;kantharia&quot;/&gt;

Ihe mkpofu mmanụ na-esi na injin ụgbọ mmiri na usoro mmanụ ụgbọala. A chọrọ ka a wepụ ihe mkpofu ahụ mgbe ụgbọ mmiri nọ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ gbaa ya ọkụ n'ime ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ kpọga ya n'ụlọ ọrụ nchịkwa ihe mkpofu. N'oge ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe, a pụrụ ịba mmiri n'oké osimiri mana ọ bụ naanị mgbe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmanụ niile kewara.&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian 2016-12-02&quot;/&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ụgbọ mmiri n'ụwa niile
* Marpol Ndepụta I Nkọwa zuru ezu nke Marpol 73/78
* Mmiri nkewa (n'ozuzu)
* Mmetụta mmanụ dị n'ime
* Ngwá ọrụ nlekota mbupụ mmanụ

== Edensibia ==
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    <title>Ọrịa Chela</title>
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Efemia Chela (amụrụ n'afọ 1991) bụ onye edemede Zambia-Ghanaian, onye na-enyocha akwụkwọ, na onye nchịkọta akụkọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pontas-agency.com/efemia-chela/|title=Efemia Chela|publisher=Pontas Agency|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;Chicken&quot;, akụkọ mbụ ya bipụtara, edepụtara maka afọ 2014 Caine Prize for African Writing.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1S7nAwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=google+books+Chicken+efemia+chela&amp;pg=PT5|title=The Caine Prize for African Writing 2014|date=14 July 2014|publisher=New Internationalist|isbn=9781780261751|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/apr/23/caine-prize-shortlist-african-writing|title=Caine Prize shortlist showcases 'golden age' for the African short story|author=Guardian staff|date=23 April 2014|work=The Guardian|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://caineprize.com/blog/2017/11/20/an-unexpected-prize-by-efemia-chela|title=An Unexpected Prize – by Efemia Chela|work=Caine Prize|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chela nwere akụkọ mkpirikpi na uri bipụtara na New Internationalist, ''Wasafiri'', Token na Pen Passages: Africa .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://newint.org/issues/2016/10/01/world-fiction-special|title=World Fiction Special|date=1 October 2016|work=New Internationalist|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=https://www.wasafiri.org/product/wasafiri-issue-88/|title=Issue 88|journal=Wasafiri Magazine|date=Winter 2016|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Among the Contributors&quot;, ''Wasafiri'', 31:4, 2016, 100–102, DOI: 10.1080/02690055.2016.1221124&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tokenmagazine.bigcartel.com/product/token-magazine-issue-2|title=Token Magazine Issue 2|work=Token|accessdate=6 December 2018|archivedate=7 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207045851/https://tokenmagazine.bigcartel.com/product/token-magazine-issue-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://pen.org/petty-blood-sport/|title=Petty Blood Sport|author=Chela|first=Efemia|date=3 April 2015|work=Pen America|accessdate=6 December 2018|archivedate=7 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207045936/https://pen.org/petty-blood-sport/}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2016, o so dezie nchịkọta Ụbọchị akụkọ dị mkpirikpi na mba Africa, Migrations .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=61sEBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33|title=Feast, Famine and Potluck: Short Story Day Africa|author=Karen|first=Jennings|date=12 June 2014|publisher=Modjaji Books|isbn=9780620588874|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__9ADwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=google+books+Chicken+efemia+chela&amp;pg=PT154|title=Water: New Short Story Fiction from Africa: An Anthology from Short Story Day Africa|author=Zadok|first=Rachel|date=21 March 2016|publisher=New Internationalist|isbn=9781780263113|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://shortstorydayafrica.org/books/|title=Books|work=Short Story Day Africa|accessdate=6 December 2018|archivedate=26 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426141215/http://shortstorydayafrica.org/books/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụkwa Andrew W. Mellon odee na obibi na Mahadum Rhodes na afọ 2018. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ Francophone na Contributing maka ''The Johannesburg Review of Books'' ugbu a.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pontas-agency.com/efemia-chela/|title=Efemia Chela|publisher=Pontas Agency|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/the-jrb-masthead/|title=The JRB Masthead|author=Malec|first=Jennifer|date=7 April 2017|work=The Johannesburg Review of Books|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A mụrụ ya na [[Zambia]], Chela tolitere na England, Ghana, Botswana na obodo South Africa.  Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere BA na French, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na mmepeanya oge ochie na Mahadum Rhodes na obodo South Africa, na Institut DiaoEtudes Politiques na Aix-en-Provence, France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://openbookfestival.co.za/authors/efemia-chela/|title=Efemia Chela|work=Open Book Festival|accessdate=6 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://pen.org/petty-blood-sport/|title=Petty Blood Sport|author=Chela|first=Efemia|date=3 April 2015|work=PEN America|accessdate=6 December 2018|archivedate=7 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207045936/https://pen.org/petty-blood-sport/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
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    <title>Akụkọ 28 banyere ọrịa AIDS n'Africa</title>
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{{Databox}}

'''''28''''' Stories of AIDS in Africa bụ akwụkwọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo nke afọ 2007 nke onye nta akụkọ Canada na onye edemede Stephanie Nolen dere.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-10-18|title=Thirty books to help us understand the world in 2020|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/oct/18/thirty-books-to-help-us-understand-the-world-in-2020|accessdate=2022-01-18|work=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-akọ akụkọ iri abụọ na asatọ nke ndị na'ọrụ ịlụso HIV / AIDS ọgụ na nlekọta ahụike, dị ka ndị nkwado, na ndị a chọpụtara na ha nwere nje HIV na ezinụlọ ha.

Ezutela akwụkwọ a site n'aka ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ, ndị ọrụ mmadụ na ndị na-enyocha akwụkwọ.

Ọ bụ akwụkwọ kacha ere ahịa na Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stephanie Nolen|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/authors/stephanie-nolen/|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=The Globe and Mail|language=en-CA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ndabere ==
''N'afọ 2003, Nolen, onye odeakụkọ Canada nwetara ihe nrite [1], mere ka ndị isi ya na The Globe and Mail kwe ka o nyocha wee kọọ akụkọ banyere ọrịa AIDS na-efe efe na Africa.[2]  Ọ kwagara Johannesburg ebe ọ nọrọ afọ anọ nyocha n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke ọrịa a..￼￼.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2007-06-16|title=Review: 28 Stories of Aids in Africa by Stephanie Nolen|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/jun/17/society|accessdate=2022-01-18|work=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2010-01-03|title=BOOK REVIEW : 28: Stories of AIDS in Africa|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/15295|accessdate=2022-01-18|work=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Nchịkọta akwụkwọ ==
[[Usòrò:Picket_over_Cape_Times_editor_2469.JPG|thumb|Zackie Achmat, na 2013]]
Akwụkwọ ahụ na-akọwapụta ndị Africa 28 nwere nje HIV / AIDS, ndị rụrụ ọrụ na ahụike ma ọ bụ ịkwado, ma ọ bụ ndị ọrịa na-efe efe na-emetụta na Sub-Saharan Africa, na-achọpụta na 70% nke ọrịa HIV zuru ụwa ọnụ dị na Sub-Saharan Africa..&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Benjamin|first=Laretta|date=2009-04-24|title=FEATURED: 28: STORIES OF AIDS IN AFRICA|url=https://englewoodreview.org/featured-28-stories-of-aids-in-africa-vol-2-17/|accessdate=2022-01-18|work=The Englewood Review of Books|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118232025/https://englewoodreview.org/featured-28-stories-of-aids-in-africa-vol-2-17/|archivedate=2022-01-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwụkwọ ahụ na-amalite site na ihe ndabere banyere ọrụ Nolen, nkọwa nke HIV / AIDS n'okwu ndị nkịtị, ma kwuo na ahọrọla akụkọ 28 n&quot;ihi na nde mmadụ 28 butere HIV - AIDS.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt;

Nke ọ bụla n'ime akụkọ iri abụọ na asatọ na-amalite na foto nke onye bụ isiokwu nke isi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;

* Isi nke 1 Siphiwe Hlophe onye na-elekọta ụmụ mgbei na [[Eswatini|Swaziland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Putting a human face on AIDS|url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/edmonton-journal/20070429/281848639164486|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Edmonton Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 2 Tigist Haile Michael, nwa agbọghọ ụlọ akwụkwọ Etiopia nke ọrịa AIDS mere ka ọ bụrụ nwa mgbei&lt;ref&gt;Pozez, Gerri. [https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&amp;u=googlescholar&amp;id=GALE%7CA198808685&amp;v=2.1&amp;it=r&amp;sid=googleScholar&amp;asid=efc878cd &quot;28 Stories of AIDS in Africa.&quot;] ''Journal of International Affairs'', vol. 62, no. 2, spring-summer 2009, p. 241. ''Gale Academic OneFile'', Accessed 18 January 2022.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=McCarthy|first=Mary|date=2008-07-01|title=28 Stories of AIDS in Africa by Stephanie Nolen|url=https://www.rte.ie/entertainment/book-reviews/2008/0701/445748-nolens/|work=[[Raidió Teilifís Éireann]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 3 Mohammed Ali onye ọkwọ ụgbọala Kenya&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=28 Stories of AIDS in Africa – Global Human Rights Direct|url=https://globalhumanrightsdirect.arizona.edu/published-human-rights-testimonials/books/28-stories-of-aids-in-africa/|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=globalhumanrightsdirect.arizona.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 4 Prisca Mhlolo si Zimbabwe bụ onye ezinụlọ ya wakporo mgbe ọ gwara ha na ọ nwere ọrịa HIV&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Profiles from the Front Lines of Africa's AIDS War|language=en|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=10011910|accessdate=2022-01-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 5 Regine Mamba, nne nne&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Malani|first=Preeti N.|date=2008-08-06|title=28: Stories of AIDS in Africa|url=https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.5.591|journal=JAMA|volume=300|issue=5|pages=591–592|doi=10.1001/jama.300.5.591|issn=0098-7484}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Twenty-eight stories represent the many faces of HIV-AIDS|url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/calgary-herald/20070429/282076272431171|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Calgary Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 6 Lydia Mungherera, onye dọkịta Uganda&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;[[Usòrò:Gideon_Byamugisha_1.jpg|thumb|Gideon Byamugisha, na 2012]]
* Cahpter 7 Noé Sebisaba, onye nyere ọbara nke o juru anya ịhụ na ọ na-arịa ọrịa HIV&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Greene|first=Melissa Fay|date=2007-05-12|title=AIDS: up-close, personal, devastating|language=en-CA|work=The Globe and Mail|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/aids-up-close-personal-devastating/article723054/|accessdate=2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 8 Christine Amisi bụ onye nọọsụ na-enweghị ókèala&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt;
* Isi nke 9 Manuel Cossa, onye na-egwupụta ọlaedo si [[Mozambique]] nke na - na&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 10 Cynthia Leshomo nke Botswana onye rụrụ ọrụ iji belata ihere&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 11 Mfanimpela Talebatse onye ọrụ ugbo na Swaziland nke nwụnahụrụ nwunye ya na ụmụ ya n'ihi HIV / AIDS ọnwa ole na ole tupu ọgwụgwọ ahụ abụrụla nke obodo ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Max|first=D. T.|date=2007-06-03|title=Don't look away|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-jun-03-bk-max3-story.html|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119004719/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-jun-03-bk-max3-story.html|archivedate=2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 12 Andualem Ayalew bụ onye agha Etiopia nke a chụrụ n'ọrụ ya ma gbochie ya ohere ịmụ akwụkwọ na mba ọzọ n&quot;ihi ọnọdụ HIV ya&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=28 Stories of AIDS in Africa, by Stephanie Nolen - 1022 Words|url=https://www.bartleby.com/essay/28-Stories-of-AIDS-in-Africa-by-FK7NCZSXHKGEZ|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Bartleby}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tales of Despair and of Triumph Stephanie Nolen Reports on the AIDS Epidemic in Africa|url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/montreal-gazette/20070428/283150014254872|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Montreal Gazette}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 13 Alice Kadzanja, onye nọọsụ na Zomba&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 14 Zackie Achmat onye a ma ama na-ahụ maka ọrịa HIV na South Africa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The AIDS beat|url=https://www.queensjournal.ca/story/2007-11-02/news/aids-beat/|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=The Journal|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 15 Lefa Khoele si [[Lesotho]] onye lụsoro ọrịa HIV ọgụ ruo mgbe e nyere ya ọgwụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 16 Pontiano Kaleebu dọkịta Uganda na-arụ ọrụ na ọgwụ mgbochi HIV / AIDS&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 17 Winstone Zulu onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa AIDS&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 18 Agnes Munyiva bụ onye Kenya na-arụ ọrụ mmekọahụ nke zere ọrịa AIDS n'agbanyeghị ihe karịrị 2,000 mmekọahụ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Nolen|first=Stephanie|date=2007-05-27|title=Staying alive: the women who are immune to Aids|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/may/27/aids.features|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;Comfort, Laura. &quot;Will the&quot; fight&quot; ever end?: a critical reading of the metaphors and discourses that construct HIV/AIDS in an African context.&quot; (2009).&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 19 Mpho Segomela bụ nwatakịrị South Africa nwụrụ n'ọrịa AIDS&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 20 Anne Mumbi, onye na-arụ ọrụ mmekọahụ nke zere ọrịa AIDS n'agbanyeghị ihe ize ndụ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=28 Geschichten über Aids|url=https://www.amnesty.ch/de/ueber-amnesty/publikationen/magazin-amnesty/2007-3/aids|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Amnesty International Schweiz|language=de|archivedate=2023-04-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418154317/https://www.amnesty.ch/de/ueber-amnesty/publikationen/magazin-amnesty/2007-3/aids}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 21 Gideon Byamugisha onye ụkọchukwu [[Uganda|Ugandan]] nke na-ekwu maka ihe ọma o mere, na ọdịda ya&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Rice|first=Andrew|date=2007-05-24|title=An African Solution|work=The Nation|language=en-US|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/african-solution/|accessdate=2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 22 Ida Mukuka onye ndụmọdụ ọrịa AIDS si Lusaka&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-04-16|title=Mariposa Grandmothers, on behalf of the Stephen Lewis Foundation will run this event on Apr. 19|url=https://www.toronto.com/living-story/8474864-mariposa-grandmothers-on-behalf-of-the-stephen-lewis-foundation-will-run-this-event-on-apr-19/|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Toronto.com|language=en-CA|archivedate=2022-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119011044/https://www.toronto.com/living-story/8474864-mariposa-grandmothers-on-behalf-of-the-stephen-lewis-foundation-will-run-this-event-on-apr-19/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 23 Anita Manhiça bụ onye na-elekọta ụlọ na [[Mozambique]] nke di ya butere ọrịa, mana e boro ya ebubo na ọ butụrụ ya ọrịa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Reading Guide from 28 {{!}} Penguin Random House Canada|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/122432/28-by-stephanie-nolen/9780676978230/reading-guide|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Penguin Random House Canada|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Isi nke 24 Morolake Odetoyinbo onye na-agba mbọ ibi na nje ahụ na Naịjirịa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Umunna|first=Gregory Ejiogu|title=HIV/AIDS: Political Will and Hope|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|year=2011|isbn=978-1462869343}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 25 Moleen Mudimu onye kwụsịrị ịzụta ọgwụ nke na-enyere ya aka ime ka ọ dị ndụ ozugbo akụ na ụba Zimbabwe dara&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 26 Ibrahim Umoru onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na Naijiria&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Robinson|first=Vicki|date=July 2007|title=Lessons of health and history|journal=[[Mail &amp; Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Isi nke 27 [[Nelson Mandela]] onye nwa ya nwoke nwụrụ n'ọrịa AIDS&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
* Isi nke 28 Thokozani Mthiyane onye South Africa nke na-achịkwa nje HIV ya n'ihi ọgwụ USAID kwadoro&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nolen|first=Stephanie|date=2008-12-12|title=Out of Africa|language=en-CA|work=The Globe and Mail|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/out-of-africa/article20390901/|accessdate=2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Akwụkwọ ahụ ji isi nke otu ndị na-agụ ya nwere ike isi nyere aka mechie.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Lloyd|first=Robin|date=2007-08-07|title=Book Review: Searching for Hope in AIDS-Ravaged Africa|url=https://towardfreedom.org/story/archives/africa-archives/book-review-searching-for-hope-in-aids-ravaged-africa/|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=Toward Freedom|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807040321/https://towardfreedom.org/story/archives/africa-archives/book-review-searching-for-hope-in-aids-ravaged-africa/|archivedate=2020-08-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mmeghachi omume nkatọ ==
Stephen Lewis kọwara akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka &quot;akwụkwọ kachasị mma e dere banyere ọrịa AIDS, n'ezie nke kachasị njọ m gụrụla&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080615025258/http://stephenlewisfoundation.org/grassroots/grassroots_canada.htm Stephen Lewis Foundation We're Reading] (Archived from [http://www.stephenlewisfoundation.org/grassroots/grassroots_canada.htm the original] on April 15, 2008)&lt;/ref&gt;

The Guardian toro akwụkwọ ahụ maka ilekwasị anya n'akụkọ ndị mmadụ nọ n&quot;Africa, karịa USA, ma nye Nolen otuto maka ijikọ akụkọ ahụ na ọdịbendị, ọha na eze na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Canada kọwara akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka &quot;oge, mgbanwe, nke a na-enweta nke ọma&quot; ma kọwaa otu Nolen si dee &quot;ike, nghọta na ịdị mfe&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=15 Feb 2017|title=Books: 28: Stories of AIDS in Africa|work=CBC Books|url=https://www.cbc.ca/books/28-stories-of-aids-in-africa-1.3983638}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bono kpọrọ akwụkwọ ahụ &quot;akwụkwọ ndekọ dị egwu&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=28|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/28-9780802716750/|accessdate=2022-01-18|work=Bloomsbury|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Laretta Benjamin, onye na-eme nchọpụta banyere ọrịa AIDS, kọwara akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka otu n'ime akwụkwọ kachasị mma ọ gụrụ, jara Nolan mma maka itinye ihu mmadụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;

The New Times of [[Rwanda]] kọwara akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka ma eleghị anya akụkọ kachasị mma nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke HIV / AIDS.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;/&gt;

James Orbinski kwuru banyere akwụkwọ ahụ &quot;Gụọ. Na-ebe ákwá. Iwe. Karịsịa - dị ka ndị ahụ akọwapụtara n'akwụkwọ a - nweta obi ike ime. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;

== ihe nrite ==

* 2007 PEN Canada Paul Kidd Courage Prize (nke e nyere Nolen maka mkpuchi ya banyere nsogbu ọrịa AIDS n'Africa)&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=26 Oct 2007|title=Globe reporter's AIDS coverage earns PEN Courage Prize|work=CBC|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/globe-reporter-s-aids-coverage-earns-pen-courage-prize-1.658505}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2007 Onyinye Gọvanọ General maka asụsụ Bekee na-abụghị akụkọ ifo, depụtara&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

== Mbipụta ==
E bipụtara akwụkwọ ahụ n'asụsụ asaa na mba iri na otu, gụnyere:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stephanie Nolen|url=https://www.ucalgary.ca/convocation/spring-2018/stephanie-nolen|accessdate=2022-01-19|work=University of Calgary|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]

== Ihe edeturu ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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[[Usòrò:LMP_2008_Reforestation_Effort.jpg|thumb|Mgbukpọ osisi n'ozuzu ya bụ ihe ngwọta a na-ahụkarị maka ìgwè ndị mmadụ iji gbakọta ma chọta ngwọta maka nsogbu mpaghara na nke ụwa.]]
Ịkpụgharị ọhịa n'obodo ukwu bụ omume ịkụ osisi, na-adịkarị n'ọtụtụ buru ibu gburugburu obodo Ọ nwekwara ike ịgụnye ịkọ ihe ọkụkụ n'obodo ukwu na ọrụ ugbo obodo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shading&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Gary Moll, Sara Ebenreck|title=Shading Our Cities: A Resource Guide For Urban And Community Forests|year=1989|publisher=Island Press|isbn=978-0-933280-95-3|url=https://archive.org/details/shadingourcities0000unse}}&lt;/ref&gt;o&lt;ref name=&quot;Australia&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/melbourne-life/green-thumbs-and-highrise-ambitions-20100610-y0hx.html|title=Green thumbs and high-rise ambitions|author=Jackson|first=Andra|date=11 June 2010|work=The Age|publisher=Nine Entertainment Co. Pty Limited|accessdate=25 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Uru ==
Ihe kpatara ime ka osisi dị n'obodo ukwu dị mma gụnyere ịchọ mma obodo ukwu; ịbawanye ndò; ịgbanwe ihu igwe obodo ukwu; imeziwanye ikuku, dị ka site na igbochi carbon dioxide; na iweghachi ọhịa obodo ukwu mgbe ọdachi okike gasịrị.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shading&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Manchester&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Hall|first=Justine M.|title=The potential of tree planting to climate-proof high density residential areas in Manchester, UK|journal=Landscape and Urban Planning|date=15 March 2012|volume=104|issue=3–4|pages=410–417|doi=10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.11.015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Taha|first=Halder|title=Urban Surface Modification as a Potential Ozone Air-quality Improvement Strategy in California: A Mesoscale Modelling Study|journal=Boundary-Layer Meteorology|date=May 2008|volume=127|issue=2|pages=219–239|doi=10.1007/s10546-007-9259-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Perkins|first=Harold A|date=1 August 2004|title=Inequitable access to urban reforestation: the impact of urban political economy on housing tenure and urban forests|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264275104000526|journal=Cities|language=en|volume=21|issue=4|pages=291–299|doi=10.1016/j.cities.2004.04.002|issn=0264-2751}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;storms&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Lisa L. Burban, John W. Anderson|title=Storms Over the Urban Forest: Planning, Responding, and Regreening - A Community Guide to Natural Disaster Relief|year=1996|publisher=DIANE Publishing|isbn=978-0-7881-2948-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-iMhTCIcs8C&amp;q=%22Urban+Reforestation%22}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mmụba onyinyo sitere na mgbake ọhịa n'obodo ukwu nwekwara ike ibute mbelata ọnụahịa ike, dịka okpomọkụ sitere na anyanwụ na-egbochi ihe okpomọkụ nke na-eji ikuku oyi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Uru ndị a nwere ike inye aka n'ịbawanye uru nke ihe onwunwe mpaghara, nzacha mmiri ozuzo na-emetọ site n'okporo ámá wee si otú a melite [[Ịdị mma mmiri|ogo mmiri]], ma mepụta [[Habitat|ebe obibi]] maka anụ ọhịa, ọkachasị ụdị ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Urban &amp; Community Forestry|url=https://www.fire.ca.gov/programs/resource-management/resource-protection-improvement/urban-community-forestry/|accessdate=20 October 2022|work=www.fire.ca.gov|archivedate=21 October 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021004551/https://www.fire.ca.gov/programs/resource-management/resource-protection-improvement/urban-community-forestry/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Mgbukpọ osisi n'obodo ukwu nwekwara ike ịdị irè n'ihi na ọ chọghị ịzụta nnukwu ala iji mezuo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Kroeger|first=Timm|date=7 October 2014|title=Reforestation as a novel abatement and compliance measure for ground-level ozone|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=111|issue=40|pages=E4204-13|doi=10.1073/pnas.1409785111|issn=0027-8424|pmid=25201970}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ihe omume ==

=== Australia ===
Òtù Urban Reforestation na Australia bụ òtù dị ala nke na-elekwasị anya na ndụ na-adịgide adịgide n'obodo ukwu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Australia&quot;/&gt;

=== United States ===
Nnukwu mmemme ime [[New York City|obodo]] na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] gụnyere New York City's Million Tree Initiative na TreePeople na [[Los Angeles]], nke kụrụ 1 nde&lt;ref name=&quot;Queens&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Corso|first=Phil|title=Avella opposes mayor's Million Trees effort|url=http://www.timesledger.com/stories/2012/52/avellatrees_ne_2012_12_27_q.html|publisher=TimesLedger|accessdate=31 January 2013|archivedate=23 January 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123083438/http://timesledger.com/stories/2012/52/avellatrees_ne_2012_12_27_q.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; osisi na nkwadebe maka 1984 Summer Olympics ma gaa n'ihu na-akụ ya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shading&quot;/&gt; N'afọ 2022, Boston kwupụtara ngalaba ọhụrụ nke ọhịa iji zụlite okpokoro osisi n'ime obodo ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Abel|first=David|date=21 September 2022|title=Wu announces forestry division to preserve and expand tree canopy in Boston - The Boston Globe|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2022/09/21/metro/wu-announces-forestry-division-preserve-expand-tree-canopy-boston/|accessdate=10 October 2022|work=Boston Globe|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbalị ndị na-agbasa ozi gụnyere Friends of the Urban Forest na San Francisco, nke na-akwado ịkụ osisi n'okporo ámá.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shading&quot;/&gt;

Na California, e nwere mmemme gọọmentị na-akwado dịka [[Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọhịa na Nchebe Ọkụ na California|Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọhịa na]] Nchebe Ọkụ nke California. Ha na-akwado nkwado mpaghara yana ahụike na obi ụtọ maka obodo ogologo oge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Urban &amp; Community Forestry|url=https://www.fire.ca.gov/programs/resource-management/resource-protection-improvement/urban-community-forestry/|accessdate=10 October 2022|work=www.fire.ca.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Usoro Ọhịa Obodo a na-achọkwa inyere ndị ogbenye na / ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweta ego dị ala aka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Urban and Community Forestry Grant Programs|url=https://www.fire.ca.gov/grants/urban-and-community-forestry-grant-programs/|accessdate=10 October 2022|work=www.fire.ca.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Mgbanwe ihu igwe ==
Ọtụtụ obodo nwere ikike iji mgbake ọhịa dị n'obodo dị iche iche dị ka ụzọ isi lụso mgbanwe ihu igwe ọgụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abe783/pdf|language=en|doi=10.1088/1748-9326/abe783|title=Global urban reforestation can be an important natural climate solution|year=2021|author=Teo|first=Hoong Chen|journal=Environmental Research Letters|volume=16|issue=3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbukpọ osisi n'obodo ukwu nwekwara ike inye aka belata ojiji ike.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Nchegbu ==
[[Usòrò:The_Big_Purple_House_Blocked_By_A_Tree.jpg|thumb|Osisi ndị a kụrụ n'ógbè obodo ga-ewepụ dịka mgbanwe nke ndị mmadụ. ]]
Mgbalị ndị a na-eme iji mee ka osisi dịghachi n'obodo ukwu dị iche iche na-asọ mpi maka ego na ala obodo ukwu nke a ga-eji mee ihe maka ebumnuche ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbalị a na-etinye n'ịkụ osisi ọhụrụ nwere ike iwepụ nlekọta nke osisi ndị e guzobere.&lt;ref name=&quot;Queens&quot;/&gt; Ikike nke ebe a na-eme ka osisi dị n'obodo ukwu dị iche iche nwekwara ike ịjụ ajụjụ. Ihe omume ndị dị ka Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọhịa na Nchedo Ọkụ nke California na-elekwasị anya na obodo ndị a, mana nke a abụghị mgbe niile. Enweghị nhata na nkesa nke osisi ndị a kụrụ n'oge Urban Reforestation na-eduga na enweghị nhata nke ndụ. Ịnọgide nke osisi bụkwa nsogbu dịka osisi a kụrụ bụ osisi nke a ga-ewepụ n'ọdịnihu n'ihi mmasị nke ndị nwe ala n'ime obodo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Ọrụ mgbake ọhịa n'obodo ukwu nwekwara ike ghara inwe nkwado na mpaghara ebe ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi anaghị etinye ndị bi na atụmatụ na mkpebi, ọkachasị mgbe ndị ọcha na-ahụ Maka gburugburu ebe obibi na-arụ ọrụ na obodo ndị na-acha, dịka e kwuru na akụkọ 2014 nke onye na-ahụ fyrir gburugburu ebe obibi Dorceta Taylor si Mahadum Michigan. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na 2011 ruo 2014, otu òtù na-enweghị uru aha ya bụ The Greening of Detroit kụrụ ọtụtụ puku osisi ọhụrụ iji weghachite okpokoro osisi [[Detroit]]. Otú ọ dị, ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ndị bi na ya nyere osisi n'efu n'ihu ụlọ ha tinyere &quot;enweghị arịrịọ osisi&quot;. Ọ bụ ezie na ha ghọtara uru nke ime obodo, ha atụkwasịghị ndị ọrụ nzukọ ahụ obi, ndị na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụghị ndị si Detroit. Ha chekwara na ha enweghị ihe zuru ezu ha kwuru n'ihe a na-akụ ebe ọ bụ na ha na-atụ anya na a ga-enye ha ọrụ maka idebe osisi ndị a kụrụ n'ógbè ha, dịka osisi ndị gara aga nwetara nlekọta na-ezughị ezu site n'obodo ahụ ma kpatara nsogbu na ọdịdị na nchekwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;bloomberg&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-11/why-detroiters-didn-t-trust-city-tree-planting-efforts|title=Why Detroit Residents Pushed Back Against Tree-Planting|author=Mock|first=Brentin|date=11 January 2019|work=Bloomberg|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate=25 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị bi ebe ahụ nwere mmasị karịa n'echiche nke ịnata osisi n'efu ma ọ bụrụ na ha ahọrọ ihe a kụrụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;scientific american&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/do-gooders-should-survey-communities-first/|title=Do-Gooders Should Survey Communities First|author=Goldman|first=Jason G.|date=22 January 2019|work=Scientific American|publisher=Scientific American|accessdate=25 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Ịkụ osisi
* [[Iweghachi ọhịa]]
* Ịrụgharị
* Ọrụ ugbo n'obodo ukwu
* Ala ahịhịa dị n'obodo
* Ike n'obodo ukwu

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ụgbọelu Etihad</title>
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Etihad Airways ( Arabic &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/link&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; ) bụ ụgbọ elu mba nke United Arab Emirates na otu n'ime ụgbọ elu nke obodo (nke ọzọ bụ Emirates ).  Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, na nso ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba Abu Dhabi.  Etihad akụkọ ọrụ na Nọvemba 2003. [1] Ọ bụ ụgbọ elu nke ngosi na UAE na-esote Emirates .  Aha Etihad bụ Arabic maka 'Union'.

. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Directory: World Airlines|work=[[Flight International]]|page=78|date=3 April 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;bụ elu ahụ na-arụ ọrụ ụfọdụ ụgbọ elu 1,000 kwa izu ruo ihe ọmụmụ 120 njem na ibu na Middle East, Africa, Europe, Asia, [[Ostraliya|Australia]], na North America, na ụgbọ elu 102 [1] Airbus na Boeing As of February  2020[update] &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/link&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/link&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; Na 2015, Etihad buru ndị njem nde 14.8, 22.3% site na afọ gara aga, [2] na-ebuga ego ruru US $ 9.02 yana uru net nke US $ 103  nde.  [3] Isi ebe ya bụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu Abu Dhabi

Na mgbakwunye na isi ọrụ ya nke njem njem, Etihad na-arụkwa Etihad ezumike na Etihad Cargo.[1]  Etihad hiwere njikọ nke ụgbọ elu ya, Etihad Airways Partners, na Ọktoba 2015 [2] bụ nke ewepụrụ na 2018 mgbe ọtụtụ ndị otu ya dabara na nsogbu ego.[3]  Etihad Airways na-ejide obere ego nha anya n'ime ụgbọ elu ndị na-esonye, ​​yana inwe oke na Virgin Australia, ruo mgbe ọ ga-efunahụ ya na Eprel 2020 na-enweghị nloghachi na ntinye ego.[4]  Achịkọtara ntinye akwụkwọ maka ụgbọ elu ndị a n'okpuru otu netwọk
[[Usòrò:Etihad_a340-500_a6-ehb_arp.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| )Airbus A340-500 larala ezumike nká ugbu a na-eyi uwe ime mbụ (ya na uwe agha UAE ochie]]

=== ndabere ===
Emirate nke Abu Dhabi bụ onye nwe ya na Gulf Air yana Bahrain, Qatar na Sultanate nke Oman. Ọdụ ụgbọ elu Abu Dhabi bụ otu n'ime ọdụ ụgbọ elu na ọdụ ụgbọ elu nke Gulf Air site na 1970 ruo Septemba 2005, &lt;ref name=&quot;www.ft.com&quot;&gt;[https://www.ft.com/content/47823cc0-247a-11da-a5d0-00000e2511c8 &quot;Abu Dhabi withdraws support for Gulf Air&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt; mgbe Abu Dhabi siri na ụgbọ elu ahụ pụọ, hapụrụ ya ụgbọ elu Oman na Bahrain nwere ruo mgbe ọpụpụ nke mbụ na 2007 lekwasịrị anya na Oman Air . .

=== Ịkpọ aha ===
'Etihad' na Arabic pụtara n'otu ma ọ bụ ịdị n'otu. Aha ahụ na-anọchi anya ịdị n'otu nke Emirates asaa nke United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah, na Fujairah).

=== Ntọala ===
Na July 2003, ọdịnihu UAE president Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, onye chọrọ ụgbọ elu maka Abu Dhabi, nyere iwu Royal (Amiri) nke guzobere Etihad Airways dị ka ụgbọ elu mba nke [[United Arab Emirates]] . Mmekọrịta ya Sheikh Ahmed bin Saif Al Nahyan tọrọ ntọala wee malite na isi ego mbụ akwụ ụgwọ nke AED 500 nde. Ejiri ụgbọ elu emume gaa Al Ain na 5 Nọvemba 2003 butere ọrụ. Na 12 Nọvemba 2003, Etihad malitere ọrụ azụmahịa site na mmalite nke ọrụ na Beirut, [[Lebanon]].

Na June 2004, ụgbọ elu ahụ nyere iwu ụgbọ elu US $ 8 ijeri maka isii Boeing 777-200LRs na 24 Airbus ụgbọ elu, gụnyere 10 [[Airbus A380]] . Ewepụtara A380 mbụ ya na Disemba 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;globalaviationexpress.blogspot.com.au&quot;&gt;[http://globalaviationexpress.blogspot.com.au/2014/05/first-glimpse-of-etihad-airways-special.html &quot;Sneak Peek Of Etihad Airways Special A380 Livery&quot;]. &lt;/ref&gt;

Na June 2008 na Farnborough Airshow ụgbọ elu kwupụtara iwu maka 35 Boeing 787s na iri 777s, nhọrọ maka 25 787s na iri 777s na ịzụta ikike na iri 787s na ise 777s. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/farnborough-2008-etihad-orders-up-to-95-boeing-787s-777s/81492.article|title=Farnborough 2008: Etihad orders up to 95 Boeing 787s, 777s|publisher=Flightglobal|date=|accessdate=9 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Equity Alliance ===
Na Disemba 2011, Etihad kwupụtara na ọ ewerela 29.21% na Air Berlin, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2a6945f0-2a24-11e1-8f04-00144feabdc0.html#axzz20JAzSPyl|title=Etihad takes 29% stake in Air Berlin|work=Financial Times|date=19 December 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụgbọ elu nke isii kachasị na Europe, a họpụtara Hogan osote onye isi oche. O sochiri nke a na obere ego na ụgbọ elu ndị ọzọ - Air Seychelles (40%), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/etihad-airways-stake-in-air-seychelles-gives-realistic-way-forward-to-the-island-carriers-future-66995|title=Etihad Airways stake in Air Seychelles gives &quot;realistic way forward&quot; to the island carrier's future|date=30 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Aer Lingus (2.987%), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-05-01/etihad-takes-aer-lingus-stake-seeks-pact-to-feed-abu-dhabi-1-.html|title=Etihad Takes Aer Lingus Stake, Seeks Pact to Feed Abu Dhabi|date=1 May 2012|work=Bloomberg}}&lt;/ref&gt; Virgin Australia (10%). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-09-03/etihad-increases-virgin-stake/4239464?section=business|title=Etihad raises Virgin stake to 10pc|date=3 September 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 1 August 2013, onyeisi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Hogan, bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na Aleksandar Vučić, Onye isi oche mbụ nke Serbia, na Belgrade, na-enye Etihad 49% osisi na Serbian mba ụgbọelu Jat Airways . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2013/07/jat-takeover-expected-next-monday.html|title=Jat takeover expected next Monday|date=15 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gọọmentị Serbia jigidere 51% nke mbak, ebe a na-edogharị ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka Air Serbia . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.b92.net/biz/vesti/srbija.php?yyyy=2013&amp;mm=08&amp;dd=01&amp;nav_id=738238|title=Biz – Vesti – Er Srbija – raskid sa prošlošću|publisher=B92|date=1 August 2013|accessdate=6 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 2013 Dubai Airshow, Etihad kwupụtara na ọ na-enweta oke 33.3% na ụgbọ elu [[Switzerland]] Darwin Airline . Ahaziri Darwin ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara Etihad site na Maachị 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Etihad Regional joins the Etihad Equity Alliance as Swiss' Darwin Airline helps connect the dots|url=http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/etihad-airways-connects-the-dots-by-acquiring-swiss-darwin-airlines-first-etihad-regional-carrier-139925|date=20 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Etihad rere òkè ya na Darwin na 2017. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.exyuaviation.com/2017/07/adria-airways-owners-buy-etihad-regional.html|title=Adria Airways buys Etihad Regional|accessdate=20 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 1 Ọgọst 2014, Etihad kwetara iwere òkè 49% na ụgbọ ala ọkọlọtọ Ịtali Alitalia maka ihe ruru nde €560. Emechiri nkwekọrịta ahụ na 8 August 2014. &lt;ref name=&quot;EtihadAlitalia&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Alitalia strikes deal on Etihad picking up 49pc stake|url=http://www.corriere.it/economia/14_agosto_01/arrivato-si-ethiad-via-libera-all-accordo-alitalia-3e4b5ce0-197b-11e4-91b2-1fd8845305fa.shtml|date=1 August 2014|language=it|work=Corriere della Sera}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 1 Jenụwarị 2015, Alitalia-CAI nyefere ọrụ ya na Alitalia-SAI, ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ nke Etihad nwere 49% yana 51% nke ndị nwe Alitalia-CAI. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Informativa Privacy CAI SAI: Alitalia|url=http://www.alitalia.com/it_en/news/informativa-privacy-cai-sai.html|accessdate=8 March 2015|archivedate=19 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019161840/http://www.alitalia.com/it_en/news/informativa-privacy-cai-sai.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330728729|Emeka Christian Eze]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Emeka Christian Eze''' ({{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Ebube Clara-Emeka Christian Eze.wav|listen}}; amụrụ na 22 Disemba 1992) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere etiti.

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Eze malitere ọrụ ya na Inter Enugu, otu egwuregwu futsal, ebe ọ gbara bọọlụ afọ atọ tupu ọ gbanwee gaa na bọọlụ, ebe a bịanyere aka [[Rangers International F.C.|Ndị Enugu Rangers]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/players/player=368006/profile.html|title=FIFA Confederations Cup Brazil 2013|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=2013-11-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203020114/http://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/players/player%3D368006/profile.html|archivedate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Eze mere egwuregwu mba ụwa na egwuregwu enyi na enyi ya na Mexico na 31 May 2013.  A họpụtara ya maka ndị otu Naijiria maka 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. 

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==
{{Nigeria squad 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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&lt;references group=&quot;&quot; responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;
N'ịbụ nke e guzobere dị ka Ụlọ Mmekọrịta ná 1979, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Aga Khan maka Ụmụ nwanyị, Karimabad bụ ụlọ ọrụ ịmụ nwa nwere àkwà 41 na-enye nlekọta ahụike. Ụlọ Ọgwụ Aga Khan maka ụmụ nwanyị, Karimabad&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://hospitals.aku.edu/pakistan/Karimabad/Pages/default.aspx|title=The Aga Khan Hospital for Women – Karimabad, Karachi}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ịbụ nke dị n'ụlọ ahụ, Aga Khan Diagnostic and Day Surgery Centre, Karimabad na-agbakwunye ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ na ọrụ nyocha na ịwa ahụ. Ha bụ akụkụ nke abụọ gaa na nke ụwa na etolite ọnụego nke usoro mbugharị na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime mba ụwa nke Aga Khan Health Services nwere njikọ na Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Aga Khan Health Services Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi

== Hụkwa ==

* Aga Khan Development Network

== Ntụaka ==

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* {{Cite web|url=http://www.agakhanhospitals.org/|title=The Aga Khan Hospitals|accessdate=2006-11-14|archivedate=2006-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061015015040/http://www.agakhanhospitals.org/}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.akdn.org/|title=The Aga Khan Development Network|accessdate=2006-11-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061115055643/http://akdn.org/|archivedate=15 November 2006}}</text>
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'''Abiodun Falodun''' bụ prọfesọ nkè kemịkalụ ọgwụ si [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Ọ bụ osote osote ónyé ịsị (Academics) nkè Mahadum Benin ma bụrụ ugbu a Rector nkè Edo State Polytechnic, Usen. Ọ bụ Gọvanọ nkè steeti Edo, [[Godwin Nogheghase Obaseki|Godwin Obaseki]] họpụtara yá ma ṅụọ iyi ná Eprel 4, 2018 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://peoplesdailyng.com/prof-falodun-emerges-new-rector-edo-management-institute/amp/|title=Prof. Falodun emerges new rector Edo Management Institute {{!}} Peoples Daily Newspaper|work=peoplesdailyng.com|accessdate=2019-07-20|archivedate=2019-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720002042/https://peoplesdailyng.com/prof-falodun-emerges-new-rector-edo-management-institute/amp/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mmụta ==
Falodun nwèrè nzere bachelọ na ọgwụ ná Mahadum Benin (1996). O nwetara nzere masta ya n'afọ 2003 na PhD yá nà Pharmaceutical chemistry na Mahadum Benin n'afọ 2007. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/dvc-delivers-unibens-150th-inaugural-lecture/|title=DVC delivers UNIBEN's 150th inaugural lecture|date=2015-03-11|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Falodun malitere dị kà ónyé nkụzi ná 1999 ná Ngalaba Ọgwụ, Mahadum Benin. Ọ bụ osote prọfesọ n'afọ 2011 ma nyé yá prọfesor nkè Pharmaceutical Chemistry n'afọ 2014.

Ọ bụ ónyé ịsị nkè Ngalaba nkè Pharmaceutical Chemistry na Mahadum Benin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsppharm.org/home/pages.php?cmd=Board|title=Professor Abiodun Falodun, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria|work=jsppharm.org|publisher=Journal of Science and Practice of Pharmacy|accessdate=2019-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://agbakanews.com/2018/12/agbakanews-personalities-of-2018-2/|title=Agbakanews Personalities of 2018|author=Agbaka|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-20|archivedate=2019-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720021053/https://agbakanews.com/2018/12/agbakanews-personalities-of-2018-2/}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ ónyé ọtú Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, Institute of Public Analysts of Nigeria, Phytochemical Society of Europe, Swiss Chemical Society, na American Chemical Society.

Ọ bụ ónyé ọtú Natural Product Research Group (NPRG) na-etinye áká na bioactivity guided isolation, characterization, structure determination na optimization site ná njikọ nkè compounds sitere ná ngwaahịa okike nke ukwuu sitere na osisi.   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Ọ dèrè ma bipụta ọtụtụ ọrụ nyocha, akwụkwọ akụkọ, nyocha ná akwụkwọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abiodun_Falodun2/amp|title=Abiodun Falodun {{!}} Bachelor of Pharmacy, MSc, PhD {{!}} University of Benin, Benin City {{!}} Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry|work=www.researchgate.net|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://indexmedicus.afro.who.int/Journals/Journals%20datails/Tropical%20Journal%20of%20Natural%20Product%20Research.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101120332/http://indexmedicus.afro.who.int/Journals/Journals%20datails/Tropical%20Journal%20of%20Natural%20Product%20Research.htm|archivedate=November 1, 2018|title=African Index Medicus|work=indexmedicus.afro.who.int|accessdate=2019-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye ịsị nchịkọta akụkọ màkà Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tjnpr.org/editorprofile.aspx|title=TJNPR {{!}} Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research|author=Prof. Abiodun Falodun|work=www.tjnpr.org|accessdate=2019-07-20|archivedate=2019-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720014941/https://www.tjnpr.org/editorprofile.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụ ónyé nhazi ọsụ ụzọ ugbu a, Center for Distance Learning na Mahadum Benin. A họpụtakwara yá dị ka ónyé nduzi màkà Benson Idahosa University Distance Learning School (BIU-DLS). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.biu.edu.ng/news/page/6/|title=News - Page 6 of 23|work=Benson Idahosa University|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-20|archivedate=2019-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720043708/https://www.biu.edu.ng/news/page/6/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Falodun &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.guardian.ng/tag/prof-abiodun-falodun/|title=Prof. Abiodun Falodun Archives|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-20|archivedate=2019-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720020455/https://m.guardian.ng/tag/prof-abiodun-falodun/}}&lt;/ref&gt; osote osote Onye isi ala (Academics) na-eje ozi na osote ónyé ọka àlà [[Osasere Orumwense|F. F. O. Orumwense]] na Mahadum Benin. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/dvc-delivers-unibens-150th-inaugural-lecture/|title=DVC delivers UNIBEN's 150th inaugural lecture|date=2015-03-11|work=The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-07-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ònyìnyé ==

* Ìhè nrite May ná Baker Professional Service 2007
* Fulbright Senior Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahadum nkè Mississippi, USA, 2013-2014
* Africa-US Network Centers of Excellence in Water and Environmental Science and Technology (2011 - 2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tjnpr.org/editorprofile.aspx|title=TJNPR {{!}} Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research|author=Prof. Abiodun Falodun|work=www.tjnpr.org|accessdate=2019-07-20|archivedate=2019-07-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720014941/https://www.tjnpr.org/editorprofile.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwé ónyé ==
Falodun lụrụ Ehizogie Joyce Falodun ma nwee ụmụ anọ.

== Ebensibia ==

[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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    <title>Adesegun Fatusi</title>
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&lt;references group=&quot;&quot; responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;{{Databox}}
'''Adesegun Fatusi''' (amụrụ na Disemba 1962) bụ prọfesọ Naijiria nke ọgwụ na ahụike ọha na eze. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Adesegun Fatusi {{!}} Wellness Africa Foundation|url=https://www.waf.org.ng/node/64|accessdate=2022-04-27|work=www.waf.org.ng|archivedate=2023-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105194706/https://www.waf.org.ng/node/64}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/prof-fatusi-appointed-unimed-vc.html|title=Prof. Fatusi appointed as UNIMED VC|date=March 5, 2020|accessdate=November 5, 2023|archivedate=March 17, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317045603/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/prof-fatusi-appointed-unimed-vc.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.unimed.edu.ng/unimedNews.php?nid=27|title=University of Medical Sciences, Ondo|work=www.unimed.edu.ng|accessdate=2023-11-05|archivedate=2020-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922170707/https://www.unimed.edu.ng/unimedNews.php?nid=27}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụbu onye isi nke College of Health Sciences na [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]], Ile-Ife, na onye isi oche nke Mahadum nke Sayensị Ọgwụ, Ondo.

== Mmụta ==
Adesegun Fatusi gụsịrị akwụkwọ na [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]] (OAU) na 1987 na nzere Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery na Distinction in Community Health na Lawrence Omole Award maka nwa akwụkwọ kacha mma gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe gbasara ahụike obodo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nnn.com.ng/prof-fatusi-appointed-as-unimed-vc/|title=Prof. Fatusi appointed as UNIMED VC|date=5 March 2020|accessdate=5 November 2023|archivedate=18 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618160246/https://nnn.com.ng/prof-fatusi-appointed-as-unimed-vc/}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwetara nzere masta nke Ahụike ọha na eze na Mahadum Hibru Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine wee bụrụ onye otu West African College of Physicians na 1995.

== Ọrụ ọkachamara na nchịkwa ==
Adesegun bụ Fellow nke West African College of Physicians, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/akeredolu-approves-appointment-of-fatusi-as-unimed-vc/|title=Akeredolu approves appointment of Fatusi as UNIMED VC|date=March 5, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Prọfesọ nke Community Medicine na Ahụike ọha na eze na [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]], yana Honorary Consultant Physician na Obafemi awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria|url=https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/nigeria/|accessdate=2022-04-26|work=United States Department of State|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ajrh.info/index.php/ajrh/search/authors/view?firstName=Adesegun&amp;middleName=O.&amp;lastName=Fatusi&amp;affiliation=Provost,+College+of+Health+Sciences,+Obafemi+Awolowo+University,+Ile-Ife,+Nigeria.&amp;country=|title=Author Details|work=www.ajrh.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://adolescentsourfuture.com/lancet-commission/commissioners/adesegun-fatusi/|title=Adesegun Fatusi – Global Adolescent Health|accessdate=4 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;'ime mahadum ahụ, a họpụtara ya n'oge dị iche iche dị ka Onye isi ngalaba, Onye isi nke Population and Reproductive Health Program, Onye isi oche nke Institute of Public Health, na Provost nke College of Health Sciences. Ọ na-eje ozi ma na-aga n'ihu na-ejere mba ahụ ozi n'ọrụ dị iche iche na ọzụzụ nke ahụike ọha na eze, ọkachasị n'ịduzi mmepe nke akwụkwọ iwu mba na mpaghara ahụike ndị ntorobịa na mmepe ndị ntorobịa, HIV na AIDS, na mmekọahụ, ahụike ọmụmụ na ahụike nne. Ọ duziri ọtụtụ nyocha mba, iwu na mmemme mmemme na [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] na n'èzí. N'etiti ndị ọzọ, ọ bụ onye otu Kọmitii Minista nke mepụtara Usoro Mgbanwe nke Ngalaba Ahụike nke Naijiria na 2004, na Òtù Ọrụ Nkà na Ụzụ maka Iwu Ahụike Mba ọhụrụ mepụtara na 2016.

Fatusi bụ onye isi oche nke Society for Adolescent and Young People's Health na Nigeria &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://sayphin.org/founders-profile/|title=Founder's Profile|first=SAYPHIN, Youth, Adolescent, Young people, Foremost, Adolescent, Health care, Practitioners, The board of trustees, Prof Ladipo, Hajia Mario Bello, Dr Babatunde Aransi, Philippa Amomah, Dr Shola|author=Odu|accessdate=4 August 2023|archivedate=4 August 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804070404/https://sayphin.org/founders-profile/}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ugbu a ọ bụ onye isi nke National Technical Working Group on Adolescent Health and Development, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://sphpn.org/fatusi|title=SPHPN|work=sphpn.org|accessdate=2023-11-05|archivedate=2017-07-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170717041549/http://www.sphpn.org/fatusi}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onye otu Lancet (global) Commission on Adolescencent Health and well-being. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://paaneahfoundation.org/|title=Paaneah Foundation|accessdate=4 August 2023|archivedate=28 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928064224/https://paaneahfoundation.org/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://chri.com.ng/about|title=About Us - Campus Health and Rights Initiatives|accessdate=2023-11-05|archivedate=2023-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105194651/https://chri.com.ng/about}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye guzobere Campus Health and Rights Initiative [1] na Chief Executive Officer nke Paaneah Foundation - otu ndị na-eto eto na-elekwasị anya na ndị ntorobịa na-etolite na Ota - ma ugbu a ọ na-ejide ọkwa osote onye isi ala (sub-Saharan Africa) maka International Association for Adolescent Health . [2]  ka onye nchọpụta nwere ahụmahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ nyocha maka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mba na nke mba ụwa, ọ sonyeere Guttmacher Institute na 2019 dị ka onye nduzi nke nyocha mba ụwa.

== Nsọpụrụ na nkwanye ùgwù ==
Prọfesọ Adesegun enwetala ọtụtụ nkwanye ùgwù na onyinye ma rụọkwa ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ nye ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị yana ụlọ ọrụ mmepe mba ụwa, gụnyere WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNDP, UNAIDS, World Bank, USAID na mmemme CDC, na ọrụ DfID. O meriri ihe nrite nke gọọmentị etiti dị ka onye kachasị mma na Part I Examinations nke Faculty of Public Health, National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria na 1992.  nwetakwara ihe nrite summa cum laude ma bụrụ nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ kachasị mma n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

== Ihe odide ==


Adesegun Fatusi gụsịrị akwụkwọ na [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]] (OAU) na 1987 na nzere Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery na Distinction in Community Health na Lawrence Omole Award maka nwa akwụkwọ kacha mma gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ihe gbasara ahụike obodo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nnn.com.ng/prof-fatusi-appointed-as-unimed-vc/|title=Prof. Fatusi appointed as UNIMED VC|date=5 March 2020|accessdate=5 November 2023|archivedate=18 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618160246/https://nnn.com.ng/prof-fatusi-appointed-as-unimed-vc/}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwetara nzere masta nke [[Ahụike ọhanaeze|Ahụike ọha na eze]] na [[Mahadum Hibru]] [[Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine]] wee bụrụ onye otu West African College of Physicians na 1995.
&lt;references group=&quot;&quot; responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://sayphin.org/founders-profile/%7Ctitle= Profaịlụ nke Prọfesọ Fatusi UNIMED VC]
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2858" sha1="kucjcq3dtjro4vjm0ogj6ooa46efmpw" xml:space="preserve">&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke 1999 na Kogi steeti na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti Naijiria ga-ahọpụta anya Kogi steeti .  Tunde Ogbeha na-ele anya Kogi West, Ahmed Tijani na- anya anya Kogi Central na Alex Kadir na- anya anya Kogi East niile meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Mgbakwunye
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Mkpokọta 
|-
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Alliance for Democracy (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
|-
! [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]
! AD
|-
! Tupu ntuli aka
|
|
! 3
|-
! Mgbe ntuli aka gasịrị
| 3
| 0
! 3
|-
|}
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:95%;line-height:14px;&quot;
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Mpaghara
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | [[Incumbent|Onye nọ n'ọchịchị]]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Senator a họpụtara
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party
|-
| Kogi West
|
|
|
| [[Tunde Ogbeha]]
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot; |
|[[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]
|-
| Kogi Central
|
|
|
| Ahmed Tijani
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot; |
|[[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]
|-
| Kogi East
|
|
|
| Alex Kadir
| style=&quot;background:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}};&quot; |
| [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]
|}

=== Kogi West ===
Nhọpụta a bụ Tunde Ogbeha nke Peoples Democratic Party meri&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Uganwa|first=Austin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ICCiBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA294|title=NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY|date=2014|isbn=978-1-4990-8875-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kogi Central ===
. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-12-02|title=Senators From 1999 Till Date -|url=https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/12/02/senators-from-1999-till-date/|accessdate=2021-08-22|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820060841/https://rainbownigeria.com/2020/12/02/senators-from-1999-till-date/}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ahmed Tijani nke Peoples Democratic Party meriaka ahụ
[[Òtù:Ȯra Kogi]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1399" sha1="g8z3le7wx7uafp15immxw98yqiwjk3d" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Legọs steeti n'afọ 1999 na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga-amị anya Legọs steeti .  Wahab Dosunmu na-ele anya Lagos Central, Tokunbo Afikuyomi na- anya anya Lagos West na Seye Ogunlewe na- anya anya Lagos East niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Alliance for Democracy &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Lagos Central ===
. Wahab Dosunmu nke Alliance for Democracy meriaka ahụ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Uganwa|first=Austin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ICCiBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA294|title=NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY|date=2014|isbn=978-1-4990-8875-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Ȯra Lagos]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1380" sha1="skx5iky3c9au0bb5eqtturearopzx9s" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke Naijiria na 1999 na Nasarawa State ka emere na February 20, 1999, iji hoputa ndi otu Senate Nigeria ga-amị anya Nasarawa State .  Patrick Aga na- ndị Nasarawa North, Abubakar Sodangi na-amị anya Nasarawa West na Haruna Abubakar na- elele anya Nasarawa South niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party

=== Nasarawa North ===
. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Uganwa|first=Austin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ICCiBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA294|title=NIGERIA FOURTH REPUBLIC NATIONAL ASSEMBLY|date=2014|isbn=978-1-4990-8875-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;Patrick Agaof bụ ndị Peoples Democratic Party meriaka ahụ
[[Òtù:Ȯra Nasarawa]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Nhọrọ ndị omeiwu Naịjirịa na steeti Niger</title>
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      <text bytes="1113" sha1="skr2m1tsg06i1oh6s9ln61cwdth1qvk" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụaka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na steeti Niger na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya steeti Niger .  Ibrahim Kuta na-ele anya Niger East, Isa Mohammed Bagudu na- anya anya Niger South na Nuhu Aliyu Labbo na- anya anya Niger North ha meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Niger]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Ogun Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na Ogun State na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Ogun steeti .  Afolabi Olabimtan na- anya Ogun West, Femi Okurounmu na- anya anya Ogun Central na Olabiyi Durojaiye na- anya anya Ogun East niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke Alliance for Democracy
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    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Osun Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;E mere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 1999 na steeti Osun na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga- 5 anya Osun steeti .  Moji Akinfenwa na- anya anya Osun East, Sunday Fajinmi na- anya Osun West na Adebayo Salami na- anya Osun Central niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Alliance for Democracy
[[Òtù:Ȯra Osun]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Oyo Steeti</title>
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&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị Sineti 1999 na Steeti Oyo na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-iche anya steeti Oyo .  Brimmo Yusuf na- waya Oyo North, Lekan Balogun na- waya anya Oyo Central na Peter Olawuyi na- anya anya Oyo South ha meri n'ọkwa otu Alliance for Democracy .
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
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[[Òtù:Ȯra Ọyọ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Plateau State</title>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="1516" sha1="blzoycsu7f1zufervvsvx9c0xh8k9nu" xml:space="preserve">&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 1999 na Plateau steeti na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Plateau steeti .  Silas Janfa na-aghọ anya Plateau South, Ibrahim Mantu na- ekiri anya Plateau Central, na Davou Zang na- anya anya Plateau North niile na ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
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| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|All Nigeria Peoples Party}}&quot; |
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[[Òtù:Ȯra Plateau]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Rivers State</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụaka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na Rivers steeti na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-5 anya Rivers steeti .  Ibiapuye Martyns-Yellowe na- ahịa anya Rivers West, Adawari Pepple na- anya anya Rivers South-East na John Azuta-Mbata na- anya Rivers East niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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[[Òtù:Ȯra Rivers]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Sokoto Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na Sokoto State na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Sokoto steeti .  Aliyu Abubakar na- Sokoto North, Bello Jibrin Gada na- see anya Sokoto East na Abdallah Wali na ndị anya Sokoto South ha meri n'ọkwa pati All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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[[Òtù:Ȯra Sokoto]]</text>
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    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Taraba Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;E mere mbụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Taraba Steeti nke 1999 na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti nke Naijiria ga-amị anya Taraba steeti .  Abdulazeez Ibrahim na-Ụdị Taraba Central na Dalhatu Umaru Sangari na-amị anya Taraba South meri n'ọkwa otu Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Abdulahi Bala Adamu na-egosi Taraba North meri n'ọkwa pati All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Yobe Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi omebe iwu sineti Naijiria nke 1999 na Yobe State mere na February 20, 1999, iji hoputa ndi otu sineti Naijiria ga- 5 anya Yobe State .  Mamman Bello Ali na- see Yobe South na Usman Albishir na-ekiri anya Yobe North meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Goni Modu Bura na- see Yobe East meri n'ọkwa pati All Nigeria Peoples Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Yobe]]</text>
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    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Zamfara Steeti</title>
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&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Zamfara steeti n'afọ 1999 na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-5 anya Zamfara steeti .  Lawali Shuaibu na-ele anya Zamfara North, Saidu Dansadan na- anya Zamfara Central na Yushau Anka na- anya Zamfara West niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Mgbakwunye
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Party
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Mkpokọta 
|-
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|Peoples Democratic Party (Nigeria)}}&quot; |
| style=&quot;background-color:{{party color|All Nigeria Peoples Party}}&quot; |
|-
! [[Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]]
! [[All Nigeria People's Party|ANPP]]
|-
! Tupu ntuli aka
|
|
! 3
|-
! Mgbe ntuli aka gasịrị
| 0
| 3
! 3
|-
|}
[[Òtù:Ȯra Zamfara]]</text>
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    <title>1992 Nhọrọ ndị omeiwu Naịjirịa na Anambra Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụka ndị Sineti nke afọ 1992 na steeti Anambra n' iso anọ n'afọ Julaị 1992, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti na Naijiria ga-anya steeti Anambra .  Chuba Okadigbo na-amị anya Anambra North na Ebenezer Chukwuemeka Ikeyima na- anyanya Anambra Central meri n'ọkwa Social Democratic Party, ebe Matthias Nwafor Chukwuma na-anya anya Anambra South meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke National Republican Convention
[[Òtù:Ȯra Anambra]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke 1992 nke Naijiria na Bauchi State ka emere na Julaị 4, 1992, iji hoputa ndi otu Senate Nigeria ga-amị anya Bauchi State .  Ibrahim Lame na-ele anya Bauchi Central, Mohammed Uba Ahmed na- ndị anya anya Bauchi East na Mohammed Bello Katagum na- anya anya Bauchi North niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke National Republican Convention
[[Òtù:Ȯra Bauchi]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị Sineti 1992 na steeti Benue na Julaị 4, 1992, ịhọpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-eme anya Benue steeti .  Iyorchia Ayu na- anya anya Benue North-West, Ameh Ebute na- anya anya Benue South na David Iornem na- anya anya Benue North-East niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke Social Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke Naijiria na Borno State n'afo 1992 ka emere na Julaị 4, 1992, iji hoputa ndi otu Sineti Naijiria ga-amị anya Borno State .  Abubakar Mahdi na- anya Borno South na Hassan Abba Sadiq na- see anya Borno North meri n'elu okwu ikpo Social Democratic Party, ebe Ali Modu Sheriff na- anya anya Borno Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke National Republican Convention
[[Òtù:Ȯra Borno]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi omebe iwu sineti Naijiria nke 1992 na Cross River State ka emere na Julai 4, 1992, iji hoputa ndi otu sineti Naijiria ga-5 anya Cross River State .  Patrick Offiong Ali na- ndị Cross River South, Liyel Imoke na- anya anya Cross River Central na Paul Oluohu Ukpo na- anya anya Cross River North niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke National Republican Convention
[[Òtù:Ȯra Cross River]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Delta steeti n'afọ 1992 na Julaị 4, 1992, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga- anya steeti Delta .  Dan Azinge na- anya anya Delta North, Francis Okpozo na- anya anya Delta South na WO Eradajaye na- anya anya Delta Central niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Social Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Delta]]</text>
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    <title>1992 Nhọrọ ndị omeiwu Naịjirịa na Enugu Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke Naijiria nke 1992 n'Enugwu steeti mere na Julaị 4, 1992, iji hoputa ndi Sineti nke Naijiria ga- amị anya Enugwu steeti .  Ben-Collins Ndu na- anya anya Enugu Central na Fidelis Okoro na- ahịa anya Enugu North meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke National Republican Convention, ebe Polycarp Nwite na- ahịa anya Enugu East meri n'elu ikpo okwu Social Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Enugu]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections Senate, 1992|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2364_92.htm|accessdate=2021-08-24|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1992 na Kwara State na Julaị 4, 1992, iji họpụta ndị otu Senate na Naijiria ga-amị anya Kwara State .  Idris Gunu Haliru na- dị na Kwara North, Ayinla Olomoda na- anya anya Kwara Central na Bisi Oyewo na- anya anya Kwara South niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Social Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Kwara]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1125" sha1="tfrdlp1336gafxy6zdva9yuh9emhx5y" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;E mere mbụ aka ndị Sineti 1999 na steeti Abia na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga- 5 anya Abia steeti .  Ike Nwachukwu na- ማጣሪያ anya Abia North, na Adolphus Wabara na- see anya Abia South meri n'elu okwu ikpo nke Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Bob Nwannunu na-anya anya Abia Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Ȯra Abia]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1121" sha1="klpods4oh0cdgsitn684lwlnjd5cy7i" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke awụ 1999 na Adamawa steeti na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga--anya anya steeti Adamawa .  Abubakar Girei na ndị Adamawa North, Iya Abubakar na-ekiri anya Adamawa Central na Jonathan Zwingina na- see anya Adamawa South ha meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Adamawa]]</text>
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    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Akwa Ibom Steeti</title>
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[[Òtù:Ȯra Akwa Ibom]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1175" sha1="a8arpxn9poocymksii3hv67wqzq8sm7" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;E mere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 1999 na steeti Cross River na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti Naijiria ga-amị anya Cross River State .  John James Akpan Udo-Edehe na- ማጣሪያ anya Cross River North, na Matthew Mbu na- anya anya Cross River Central meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Florence Ita Giwa na-anya anya Cross River South n'elu ikpo okwu.  All Nigeria Peoples Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Cross River]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na steeti Ekiti na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti Naijiria ga-amị anya steeti Ekiti .  Joseph Olatunji Ajayi na- anya Ekiti North na Ayo Oni na-anya anya Ekiti Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu Alliance for Democracy, ebe Gbenga Aluko na-anya anya Ekiti South meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Ekiti]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 1999 na steeti Enugu na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga- 5 anya Enugwu steeti .  Fidelis Okoro nọchitere Enugu North meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, Jim Nwobodo na- anya anya Enugu East meri n'ọkwa Alliance for Democracy, ebe Hyde Onuaguluchi na-anya anya Enugu West meri n'ọkwa pati All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Ȯra Enugu]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1161" sha1="n0sua6lrticuokq38hns83ib45ukkvu" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na Gombe steeti na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga-amị anya Gombe State .  Saidu Kumo na- calaamad Gombe Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Umar Usman Dukku na- ahịa anya Gombe North na Idris Abubakar na- anya anya Gombe South meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Ȯra Gombe]]</text>
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    <title>1999 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Imo Steeti</title>
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      <text bytes="1104" sha1="dvze9dttld0xaxi5r0px6gwelx7esv0" xml:space="preserve">. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị Sineti 1999 na Steeti Imo na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Imo steeti .  Ifeanyi Ararume na-anya anya Imo North na Evan Enwerem na- anya anya Imo East meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Arthur Nzeribe na-ahụ anya Imo Westmeri n'ọkwa pati All Nigeria Peoples Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Imo]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụaka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 1999 na Kaduna State na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya steeti Kaduna .  Dalhatu Tafida na-aghọ anya Kaduna North na Haruna Aziz Zeego na- anya anya Kaduna South meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Mohammed Aruwa na- ahịa Kaduna Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Kaduna]]</text>
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[[Òtù:Ȯra Kano]]</text>
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Emere ntuli aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Katsina steeti n'afọ 1999 na February 20, 1999, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga-anọchi anya Katsina steeti.  Abdul Yandoma na-anọchi anya Katsina North, Samaʼila Mamman na-anọchite anya Katsina Central na Mohammed Tukur Liman na-anọchite anya Katsina South niile meriri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party. . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Òtù:Ȯra Katsina]]</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 1999|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2022-05-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527121943/https://web.ccsu.edu/AFSTUDY/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke 1999 nke Naijiria na Kebbi State ka emere na February 20, 1999, iji hoputa ndi otu Senate Nigeria ga-amị anya Kebbi State .  Adamu Augie na- ማጣሪያ anya Kebbi North na Yahaya Abubakar Abdullahi na- 5 anya anya Kebbi North meri n'elu ikpo okwu All Nigeria Peoples Party, ebe Danladi Bamaiyi na-aghọ anya Kebbi South meri na ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party
[[Òtù:Ȯra Kebbi]]</text>
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    <title>2003 Zamfara Steeti ntuli aka gọvanọ</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=19 April 2003 Gubernatorial Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/id85.html|accessdate=2021-05-15|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-05-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515183503/https://africanelections.tripod.com/id85.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhọpụta mmetụta Zamfara steeti n'afọ 2003 mere na 19, 2003. Onye otu ANPP bụ Ahmad Sani Yerima meriaka ahụ, meri PDP Bala Mande na mmadụ atọ ndị ọzọ.

. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-05-15|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ahmad Sani Yerima bụ onye ANPP meriaka ahụ.  mmadụ ise gbara aka na mbụ ahụ

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị debanyere aha ha na steeti ahụ bụ 1,515,622, ngụkọta ndị e mere bụ 1,099,050, votu ziri ezi bụ 1,047,734 na votu jụrụ bụ 51,316. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIAN STATE ELECTED GOVERNORS - 2003|url=https://nigeriaworld.com/focus/states/governors2003.html|accessdate=2021-05-15|work=nigeriaworld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Sokoto Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nhoputa ndi omebe iwu Naijiria nke 2003 na Sokoto State mere n'April 12, 2003, iji hoputa ndi otu Senate Nigeria ga-5 anya Sokoto State .  Badamasi Maccido na- Sokoto North, Sule Yari Gandi na- anya anya Sokoto East na Umaru Dahiru na- anya anya Sokoto South ha meri n'ọkwa pati All Nigeria Peoples Party&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Gombe Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke awụ 2003 na Gombe steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị isi Senate nke Naijiria ga-amị anya Gombe State .  Abubakar Mohammed na- anya Gombe Central na Tawar Umbi Wada na- see anya Gombe South meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Haruna Garba na- anya anya Gombe North meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Plateau State</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 2003 na Plateau steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị ọrụ Sineti na Naijiria ga-amị anya Plateau steeti .  Cosmas Niagwan na- አምስት anya Plateau South na Ibrahim Mantu na-amị anya Plateau Central meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Timothy Adudu na- ማጣሪያ anya Plateau North meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ ndị omeiwu Naịjirịa na steeti Oyo</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na steeti Oyo n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga-amị anya Oyo State .  Teslim Folarin na- anya anya Oyo Central na Robert Koleoso na- anya anya Oyo North meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Abiola Ajimobi na-anya anya Oyo South meri n'ọkwa otu Alliance for Democracy</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Ogun Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke awụ 2003 na steeti Ogun n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Ogun State .  Ibikunle Amosun na- አምስት anya Ogun Central, Olatokunbo Ogunbanjo na- anya Ogun East na Iyabo Anisulowo na- amị anya Ogun West niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Ebonyi Steeti</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka nke ụlọ omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na Ebonyi steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Ebonyi steeti .  Christopher Nshi na- ndị Ebonyi North, Julius Ucha na-ekiri anya Ebonyi Central na Emmanuel Azu Agboti na- anya anya Ebonyi South niile meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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    <title>2003 Nhọrọ Senate nke Naijiria na Delta State</title>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Delta steeti n'afọ 2003 n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga-5 anya Delta State .  Patrick Osakwe na-ele anya Delta North, Felix Ibru na- anya anya Delta Central na James Manager na- anya anya Delta South niile akara n'elu okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;E mere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 2003 na Cross River State n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti Naijiria ga-amị anya Cross River State .  Gregory Ngaji na- ndị Cross River North, Victor Ndoma-Egba na- anya anya Cross River Central na Bassey Ewa-Henshaw na-anya anya Cross River South ha meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria na Borno steeti n'afọ 2003 n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu Senate na Naijiria ga-amị anya Borno Steeti .  Mohammed Daggash na-aghọ anya Borno North na Mohammed Abba Aji na-ekiri anya Borno Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu All Nigeria Peoples Party, ebe Omar Hambagda na-egosi anya Borno South meri na ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;E mere mbụ aka ndị Sineti nke afọ 2003 na steeti Benue n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Benue State .  David Mark na-aghọ anya Benue South na Joshua Adagba na- ahịa anya Benue North-West meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Daniel Saor na- ahịa anya Benue North-East meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria  Ndị otu ndị mmadụ</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụaka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na Bayelsa steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Bayelsa steeti .  John Kojo Brambaifa na- anya anya Bayelsa West, David Brigidi na- anya Bayelsa Central na Inatimi Rufus-Spiff na- anya anya Bayelsa East niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke Naijiria nke 2003 na Bauchi State mere n'April 12, 2003, iji hoputa ndi otu Senate Nigeria ga-amị anya Bauchi State .  Baba Tela na-ele anya Bauchi North, Bala Adamu na- anya anya Bauchi Central na Abubakar Maikafi na- anya anya Bauchi South niile meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke Naijiria nke 2003 na Akwa Ibom State mere n'April 12, 2003, iji hoputa ndi otu Senate Nigeria ka ha nochite anya Akwa Ibom State .  Udoma Udo Udoma na- anya Akwa Ibom South, Effiong Dickson Bob na-amị anya Akwa Ibom North-East na Bob Ittak Ekarika na-ekiri anya Akwa Ibom North-West niile n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka nke ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke awụ 2003 na Adamawa steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu Senate Nigeria ga- amị anya Adamawa State .  Iya Abubakar na-ele anya Adamawa North, Jibril Aminu na-amị anya Adamawa Central na Jonathan Zwingina na-amị anya Adamawa South niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ maka nhọpụta Sineti nke afọ 2003 na steeti Abia n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-amị anya Abia steeti .  Uche Chukwumerije na-anya Abia North, Chris Adighije na-ekiri anya Abia Central na Adolphus Wabara na-anya anya Abia South ha meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere mbụ aka ndị omebe iwu nke afọ 2003 na Federal Capital Territory n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta onye otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ka ọ nọchite anya Federal Capital Territory .  Isah Maina na- six FCT Senatorial District meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na steeti Ekiti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu Sineti na Naijiria ga-5 anya steeti Ekiti .  Clement Awoyelu na- anya Ekiti Central na Bode Olowoporoku na- ይምረጡ anya Ekiti South meri na okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party, ebe James Kolawole na- anyanya Ekiti North meri n'elu ikpo okwu Alliance for Democracy</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na Kaduna steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga- 5 anya steeti Kaduna .  Dalhatu Tafida na-aghọ anya Kaduna North na Isaiah Balat na- anya anya Kaduna South meri n'ọkwa ndị Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Mohammed Aruwa na-egosi Kaduna Central meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke Naijiria na 2003 na Nasarawa State mere n'April 12, 2003, iji hoputa ndi otu Sineti Naijiria ga-amị anya Nasarawa State .  John Danboyi na- ndị Nasarawa North, Abubakar Sodangi na- ndị ahịa anya Nasarawa West na Emmanuel Okpede na- anya anya Nasarawa South niile meri n'elu ikpo okwu nke Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụ aka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke awụ 2003 na Niger steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-ahọpụta anya steeti Niger .  Ibrahim Kuta na-ele anya Niger East, Isa Mohammed Bagudu na- anya anya Niger South na Nuhu Aliyu Labbo na- anya anya Niger North ha meri n'ọkwa pati Peoples Democratic Party</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na Ondo steeti n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu sinetị Naijiria ga-5 anya Ondo steeti .  Gbenga Ogunniya na- anya anya Ondo Central na Hosea Ehinlanwo na- ahịa anya Ondo South meri n'elu ikpo okwu Peoples Democratic Party, ebe Titus Olupitan na-anya anya Ondo Northmeri na ikpo okwu nke Alliance for Democracy &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NIGERIA: parliamentary elections House of Representatives, 2003|url=http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2363_03.htm|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=archive.ipu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Elections in Nigeria|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=africanelections.tripod.com|archivedate=2021-10-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021194836/https://africanelections.tripod.com/ng.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;Emere ọhụrụka ndị omebe iwu ndị omebe iwu Naijiria nke afọ 2003 na steeti Osun n'April 12, 2003, iji họpụta ndị otu ụlọomeiwu Naijiria ga-5 anya Osun steeti .  Felix Kola Ogunwale na- Sar Osun Central, Akinlabi Olasunkanmi na- ahịa anya Osun West na Iyiola Omisore na- ahịa anya Osun East niile n'elu ikpo okwu Peoples Democratic Party &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Africa Update|url=https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html|accessdate=2021-08-22|work=web.ccsu.edu|archivedate=2021-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213220306/https://web.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="8156" sha1="6ox81ckb7i14704nyzhfzqqhd8jrws9" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}Veronica's Wish bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri nke asụsụ Bekee nke Ugandan nke Nisha Kalema (Veronica), Housen Mushema (Michael), Malaika Nyanzi (Bankia) na Symon Base Kalema (Frank) na-eme. Emere &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=[Watch]: Official Trailer of ‘Veronica’s Wish’ Starring Housen Mushema, Nisha Kalema, Malaika Nnyanzi and More|url=https://satisfashionug.com/watch-official-trailer-of-veronicas-wish-starring-housen-mushema-nisha-kalema-simon-base-kalema-and-malaika-nnyanzi/|work=Satisfashion Ug|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Uganda na 17 Nọvemba 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=&quot;Veronicas wish&quot; new Ugandan Movie to be premiered this way|url=http://www.ghafla.com/ug/veronicas-wish-new-ugandan-movie-to-be-premiered-this-way/|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Oluka|first=Esther|title=Glammed up at Veronica’s Wish movie premiere|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/Glammed-up-Veronica-s-Wish-movie-premiere/689842-4865574-11jvd6e/index.html|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=IN PICTURES: Veronica’s Wish lives up to expectations|url=https://www.sqoop.co.ug/201811/four-one-one/in-pictures-veronicas-wish-lives-up-to-expectations.html|work=Sqoop|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Narrative - Feature Selections: Veronica's Wish|url=https://www.svaff.org/selections/narrative-feature/400-veronica-s-wish.html|work=Svaff|accessdate=19 September 2019|archivedate=9 November 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109102700/https://www.svaff.org/selections/narrative-feature/400-veronica-s-wish.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; họọrọ ihe nkiri ahụ na nnukwu mmemme ihe nkiri gburugburu ụwa gụnyere Silicon Valley African Film Festival, Uganda Film Festival na Mashariki African Film Festival ma nwedịrị nhọpụta na onyinye na abụọ ikpeazụ.

== Atụmatụ ==
Michael &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nila|first=Yasmin|title=New Ugandan Film ‘Veronica’s Wish’ Premiers Next Month|url=https://life.chimpreports.com/new-ugandan-film-veronicas-wish-premiers-next-month/|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Veronica, di na nwunye hụrụ onwe ha n'anya ma kwere nkwa ịlụ di na nwunye na-eche ihe ịma aka ihu ka Veronica na-arịa ọrịa dị omimi ụbọchị ole na ole tupu agbamakwụkwọ ha.

== Mmepụta na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ==
Mgbe Nisha Kalema mepụtara Veronica's Wish, ọ bu ụzọ tinye Rehema Nanfuka dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri iji mee Veronica. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Kaggwa|first=Andrew|title=Nisha Kalema: A footballer that fell in love with stories|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/Nisha-Kalema-footballer-fell-love-with-stories/689842-4781578-757pfhz/index.html|work=Daily Monitor|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; mgbe Rehema gụrụ edemede ahụ, ọ jụrụ onyinye ahụ ma kwuo na ọ bụ Nisha Kalema n'onwe ya ga-arụ ọrụ ahụ ma nye ya ohere iduzi ihe nkiri ahụ.N'oge okwu ya na ihe nkiri ahụ, Nisha kpughere na ya echeghị na ọ ga-ahọrọ Housen Mushema dị ka Michael.A họpụtara Malaika Nnyanzi dị ka Bankia, ezigbo enyi Veronica na enyi nwanyị Frank (Symon Base Kalema). N'ezie, Malaika na Symon Base Kalema bụ ụmụnne nke dugara n'ịkpụpụ ịhụnanya ha na igwefoto site na edemede ahụ.

== Nhọpụta na onyinye ==
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Veronica's Wish Sweeps All Major Awards At Uganda Film Festival|url=https://theinsider.ug/index.php/2018/12/03/veronicas-wish-reaps-big-in-the-uganda-film-festival-awards/|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;'izu mbụ nke ngosipụta ya, ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara nhọpụta iri na otu na Uganda Film Festival 2018 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=All set for Uganda film awards|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/magazine/All-set-for-Uganda-film-awards/434746-4855338-fgacggz/index.html|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma mesịa nweta onyinye itoolu wee bụrụ onye mmeri kachasị ukwuu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Veronica’s Wish sweeps the Uganda Film Festival Awards: Here’s the full list of winners|url=https://bigeye.ug/veronicas-wish-sweeps-the-uganda-film-festival-awards-heres-the-full-list-of-winners/|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;6&quot; style=&quot;background: #FBFC8A;&quot; |Onyinye &amp; Nhọpụta
|- style=&quot;background:#ccc; text-align:center;&quot;
!Afọ
!Ihe nrite
!Ụdị
!Nwetara site na
!Nsonaazụ
!Nkwupụta
|-
| rowspan=&quot;18&quot; |2019
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |ZAFAA Global Awards
|Onye nchịkọta foto kacha mma
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Nisha Kalema|{{Nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Full Nomination List of Zafaa Global Awards Abuja 2019|url=http://www.zafaa.org/nomination2019/|work=Zafaa|accessdate=25 October 2019|archivedate=6 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206163219/https://www.zafaa.org/nomination2019/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Onye Mmepụta Kasị Mma|{{Nom}}
|-
|Nwanyị Na-eme Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma|{{Nom}}
|-
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma|{{Nom}}
|-
|Nwanyị Na-akwado Ihe Nwanyị
|Malaika Nnyanzi|{{Nom}}
|-
|Nwoke Na-eme Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma
|Housen Mushema|{{Nom}}
|-
|Onye nduzi kacha mma
|Rehema Nanfuka|{{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Emume ihe nkiri Sinema Zetu International
|Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma
|| {{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=&quot;I Gave My All While Working On This Film&quot;, -Rehema Nanfuka Nominated In Tanzania Film Festival|url=https://glimug.com/i-gave-my-all-while-working-on-this-film-rehema-nanfuka-nominated-in-film-festival-in-tanzania/|accessdate=14 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma
|Nisha Kalema| {{Won}}
|-
|Onye nduzi kacha mma
|Rehema Nanfuka| {{Won}}
|-
|Emume ihe nkiri Silcon Valley nke Africa
|Akụkọ Kasị Mma
|| {{Won}}
|
|-
|Emume ihe nkiri Pan African, California
|Aha a na-akwanyere ùgwù
|| {{Won}}
|
|-
|Emume Ihe nkiri Mba Nile nke Gulu
|Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma
|| {{Nom}}
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Emume ihe nkiri nke asaa nke Coast
|Onye nduzi kacha mma
|| {{Nom}}
|
|-
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma
|| {{Nom}}
|
|-
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma
|| {{Nom}}
|
|-
|Ihe nrite Africa Movie Academy
|Ihe Kasị Mma na Make-Up
|Joan Nantege| {{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nseyen|first=Nsikak|title=AMAA releases nominees for 2019 awards [FULL LIST]|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/09/19/amaa-releases-nominees-2019-awards-full-list/|accessdate=19 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Emume ihe nkiri Mashariki nke Afrịka
|Ihe kacha mma n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka
|| {{Nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MAAFF Official selection 2019|url=http://www.maaff.net/maaff-official-selection-2019/|work=Maaff|accessdate=3 March 2019|archivedate=6 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044010/http://www.maaff.net/maaff-official-selection-2019/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |Ihe nrite nke Uganda Film Festival (UFF) 
|Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma
|| {{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Ampurire|first=Paul|title=FULL LIST: New Drama 'Veronica's Wish' Scoops Major Accolades at Film Festival Awards|url=https://www.softpower.ug/full-list-new-drama-veronicas-wish-scoops-major-accolades-at-film-festival-awards/|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Ruva|first=Roy|title=Veronica's Wish Sweeps All Major Awards At Uganda Film Festival 2018|url=https://chano8.com/veronicas-wish-sweeps-all-major-awards-at-uganda-film-festival-2018/|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Official Nominations List for 2018 Uganda Film Festival|url=http://www.sqoop.co.ug/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/festival.jpg|work=Sqoop|accessdate=20 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Onye nduzi kacha mma
|Rehema Nanfuka| {{Won}}
|-
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma
|Nisha Kalema| {{Won}}
|-
|Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma
|Housen Mushema| {{Nom}}
|-
|Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma
|Ebe obibi Symon Kalema| {{Won}}
|-
|Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma
|Malaika Nnyanzi| {{Nom}}
|-
|Uwe na mmepụta kacha mma
|| {{Won}}
|-
|Ụda Kasị Mma
|| {{Won}}
|-
|Nhazi na mmepụta akwụkwọ kacha mma
|| {{Won}}
|-
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma
|| {{Won}}
|-
|Ihe odide kacha mma (Ihe nkiri) 
|| {{Won}}
|-
|}

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== N'èzí ==

* {{IMDb title|tt9247928|Veronica's WiSH}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Comfort Yeboah</title>
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      <comment>King ChristLike moved page [[Obi iru ala Yeboah]] to [[Comfort Yeboah]]: Misspelled title</comment>
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      <text bytes="3010" sha1="3hzz1emb9409cy8j6s32tjr283p99pu" xml:space="preserve"> {{Databox}}

'''Comfort Yeboah''' (amuru 17 Disemba 2006) bu [[Footbọl|onye okacha]] amara ndi Ghana nke na-egwu egwu dika onye mgbachitere Ampem Darkoa Ladies na ndi otu ndi otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Ghana . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana - C. Yeboah - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway|url=https://gh.soccerway.com/players/comfort-yeboah/940554/|accessdate=2024-03-08|work=gh.soccerway.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ọ na-egwu ma Ampem Darkoa Ladies na CAF Champions League yana ndị isi ojii na mbipụta mbụ nke WAFU B Girls Cup nke emere na Kumasi . N'afọ 2023, a họpụtara Comfort nke ọma n'otu egwuregwu nke afọ maka 2023 CAF Champions League nke emere na [[Côte d'Ivoire|Cote D'Ivoire]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=|first=|title=Comfort Yeboah makes shortlist for CAF Women’s Young player of the year|url=https://www.ghanafa.org/comfort-yeboah-makes-shortlist-for-caf-womens-young-player-of-the-year|accessdate=12 March 2024|work=Ghana Football Association|language=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2023, a họpụtara Yeboah maka onyinye nturu ugo ụmụnwaanyị [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ọ gụchara n'etiti ndị atọ kachasị elu mana Nesryne El Chad tụfuru ya.

Nhọpụta a bịara n'ihi ọmarịcha asọmpi CAF Women's Champions League ya na Ampem Darkoa mere. O nyeere aka ịkwaga ndị otu ya gaa na ọkara ikpeazụ nke asọmpi ahụ. N'ọkwa nke ọkara ikpeazụ, o meriri ọkpụ abụọ n'akụkụ ya. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-12-07|title=Comfort Yeboah makes final three for CAF Women’s Young Player of the Year Award|url=https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/sport/comfort-yeboah-makes/2023/|accessdate=2024-03-08|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yeboah bụ onye Asante na olumba obodo ya bụ Asante Twi . N'otu n'ime ajụjụ ọnụ mba ụwa ya na CAF TV, a hụrụ ya ka ọ na-eji obi ike na-ekwu okwu na Twi na mkparịta ụka egwuregwu ya na ndị mgbasa ozi mba ụwa na-esochi ọmarịcha ọrụ ya n'oge mgbasa ozi CAF Women's Champions League ha na Ampem Darkoa Ladies, nke mere ka ọ nweta aha Nwanyị nke Egwuregwu ahụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Ayamga|first=Emmanuel|date=2023-11-07|title=‘This is beautiful’ – Comfort Yeboah warms hearts with post-match interview in Twi|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/sports/football/ampem-darkoas-comfort-yeboah-warms-hearts-with-post-match-interview-in-twi-video/617zqph|accessdate=2024-03-08|work=Pulse Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Larnyoh|first=Magdalene|date=2023-11-07|title=&quot;Proud GH moment&quot;: Female footballer speaks Twi in international interview|url=https://yen.com.gh/sports/football/245369-ghanaian-football-star-comfort-yeboah-speaks-twi-international-interview-peeps-react/|accessdate=2024-03-08|work=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
okwu na Twi na mkparịta ụka egwuregwu ya na ndị mgbasa ozi mba ụwa na-esochi ọmarịcha{{Reflist}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>3hzz1emb9409cy8j6s32tjr283p99pu</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Ụlọ Mgbazi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40337</id>
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      <id>632796</id>
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      <text bytes="4036" sha1="az85kw75bpm4z9w6dx5mkb6h5pcuqfu" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''Ụlọ mgbazi''' bụ ụdị nguzobe nke e wuru mgbe ọ gafechara Iwu Enyemaka Ndị Ogbenye 1601, ebe ndị &quot;na-achọghị ịrụ ọrụ&quot;, gụnyere ndị na-akwagharị na ndị na-arịọ arịrịọ, na-arụ ọrụ. Owuwu nke ụlọ mgbazi bịara mgbe emezigharịrị mmezigharị na Iwu Ogbenye Elizabethan . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/history/poorlaw/elizpl.html|title=The 1601 Elizabethan Poor Law|work=www.victorianweb.org|accessdate=18 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, a naghị ele ụlọ mgbazi anya dịka akụkụ nke usoro Iwu Ogbenye Elizabethan n'ihi na Iwu ahụ mere ka ọ dị iche n'etiti ndị ogbenye bi na ndị ogbenye na-awagharị awagharị.
[[Usòrò:Hogarth-Harlot-4-1.jpg|thumb| ''Ọganihu A akwụna'' nke William Hogarth . Moll Hackabout meriri hemp n'ụlọ mkpọrọ Bridewell]]
Ụlọ mgbazi nke mbụ [[London]] bụ Bridewell Prison, na Middlesex na Westminster ụlọ meghekwara na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na asaa.

N'ihi mgbanwe mbụ nke mkpọsa omume, ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asaa ka e ji mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ mgbazi, nke a na-akpọkarị ''ndị na-alụ nwanyị ọhụrụ'', nke e guzobere na site na ngafe nke ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ na-edepụta ụlọ mgbazi dị ka ntaramahụhụ maka obere mmejọ ụfọdụ. .

Ndị ọka ikpe nke udo na-etinyekarị ndị omempụ n'ụlọ mgbazi, bụ ndị ji ikike ha nwere nchikota n'ihe gbasara obere mmebi iwu. Na Middlesex na Westminster ụlọ mgbazi na njedebe nke iri na asaa na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, ebubo ndị a na-emekarị megide ndị mkpọrọ bụ ịgba akwụna, [[Ohi|obere izu ohi]], na &quot;omume rụrụ arụ, na-abaghị uru na nke na-adịghị mma&quot; (mmejọ a na-akọwaghị nke ọma nke nwere ike ịgụnye ọtụtụ omume ọjọọ. ). Ihe karịrị ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị mkpọrọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị &lt;/link&gt; .

A tọhapụrụ ihe karịrị ọkara nke ndị dara iwu n'ime otu izu, na ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ n'ime izu abụọ. Na mgbakwunye na mkpọrọ n'ụlọ mgbazi, ihe karịrị ọkara nke ndị a mara ikpe ka a pịara ihe, karịsịa ndị ahụ a mara ikpe maka izu ohi, ịkwa iko, na omume rụrụ arụ na ịga abalị (ịgba akwụna).

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị mkpọrọ niile ka achọrọ ịrụ ọrụ siri ike, na-etikarị hemp .

N'afọ 1720, otu iwu nyere ohere iji ụlọ mgbazi maka njide &quot;ndị na-akwagharị akwagharị, na ndị omempụ ndị ọzọ, ndị omempụ, na ndị eboro ebubo obere mpụ&quot;. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1760 na 1770, ndị mkpọrọ na-echere ikpe ruru ihe karịrị ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ndị etinyere n'ụlọ Middlesex na Westminster. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.londonlives.org/static/HousesOfCorrection.jsp|title=Background – Houses of Correction – London Lives|work=www.londonlives.org|accessdate=18 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụlọ ọrụ ugbu a a na-akpọ ụlọ mgbazi ==
Na [[Másáchusẹts|Commonwealth nke Massachusetts]], okwu ''ụlọ mgbazi'' ka na ụlọ mkpọrọ steeti ka na-adakọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.middlesexsheriff.org/about_newbhoc.htm|title=The New Billerica House of Correction|accessdate=10 August 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205014641/http://www.middlesexsheriff.org/about_newbhoc.htm|archivedate=5 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ahụ ka ọ dịkwa na steeti [[Mérílạnd|Maryland]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.dpscs.state.md.us/locations/prisons.shtml|title=DPSCS – Facility Locator|work=www.dpscs.state.md.us|accessdate=18 November 2018|archivedate=15 April 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415215623/https://www.dpscs.state.md.us/locations/prisons.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Obodo Milwaukee, Wisconsin na-edobe [https://county.milwaukee.gov/EN/House-of-Correction ụlọ mgbazi] dị iche site na ụlọ mkpọrọ ogbe ndịda.

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ahaghị nhata ego na Brazil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="6429" sha1="2h77otfyc74cdt4ei1z62izqhuqc4n0" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}Brazil nọ na-alụso nsogbu nke enweghị ahaghị nhata ego n'agbanyeghị oke uto. Uto GDP ya na 2010 bụ 7.5%. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Growth rates in Brazil, CIA – The world factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brazil/|accessdate=2 September 2011|archivedate=12 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812124129/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brazil/}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, enweela mbelata nke ahaghị nhata maka mba ahụ dum. Ọnụọgụ GINI nke Brazil, ihe atụ nke enweghị ahaghị nhata ego, ejirila nwayọ belata site na 0.596 na 2001 ruo 0.543 na 2009. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Statistics on the GINI coefficient in Brazil, IPEA (Instituto de Pesquisa Economica Aplicada)|url=http://www.ipeadata.gov.br/Default.aspx|accessdate=2 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbanyeghị, ọnụọgụ ahụ ka na-arụtụ aka na nnukwu nsogbu nke enweghị oke ego.

Ọnụ ego dị elu nke mba ahụ bụ nke ndị kasị baa ọgaranya bụ otu pasentị (ihe na-erughị nde mmadụ abụọ) nwere pasenti 13 nke ego ezinụlọ niile. Pasent a yiri nke ndị kasị daa ogbenye 50 pasent - ihe dị ka nde 80 ndị Brazil. Ahaghị nhatanha a na-ebute ọkwa ịda ogbenye na-ekwekọghị n'ọnọdụ akụ na ụba dịka nke Brazil. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Notes on inequality and poverty in Brazil: Current situation and challenges|url=https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/112516/fp2p-bp-notes-inequality-poverty-brazil-current-140608-en.pdf|accessdate=9 September 2011|archivedate=22 November 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201122122517/https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/112516/fp2p-bp-notes-inequality-poverty-brazil-current-140608-en.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe ndị na-enye aka na ndakọrịta ego na Brazil ==

=== Nkewa ime obodo ===
Ọkwa mmepe akụ na ụba dị iche iche dị n'ime obodo na ime obodo. Ndị bi n'ime ime obodo na-eche enweghị ezigbo agụmakwụkwọ, [[Nlekọta ahụike ma ọ|ahụike]] na akụrụngwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rural poverty in Brazil|url=http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/web/guest/country/home/tags/brazil|accessdate=3 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Enweghi ohere inweta teknụzụ, agụmakwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na ọzụzụ nka emewo ka ohere ọrụ dị ole na ole, ya mere na-atụnye ụtụ na obere ego nke ndị bi n'ime ime obodo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Globalization, poverty, and social inequity in Brazil|url=http://www.schwartzman.org.br/simon/pdf/globalization.pdf|accessdate=9 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ọkwa dị ala nke agụmakwụkwọ ===
Agụmakwụkwọ dị ala na Brazil n'ozuzu bụ ihe na-echegbu ka ọ na-eme ka ọnọdụ enweghị ego na-akpata site n'ibelata mmegharị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Nke a na-egbochi ohere nke ndị nọ n'otu obere ego, na-ebelata ohere ha nwere ibelata ọdịiche ego. Brazil nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ agụghị akwụkwọ nke 10.2% yana agụmakwụkwọ adịghị mma. Data sitere na mmemme PISA nke Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) gosiri na Brazil nọ n'azụ mba ndị ọzọ n'ihe gbasara mmụta na mpaghara ihe ọmụma dị iche iche ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ha na-erute naanị ọkwa mmụta kacha ala na ọzụzụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Notes on inequality and poverty in Brazil: Current situation and challenges|url=http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/downloads/FP2P/FP2P_Brazil_Inequality_Poverty_BP_ENGLISH.pdf|accessdate=9 September 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306142157/http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/downloads/FP2P/FP2P_Brazil_Inequality_Poverty_BP_ENGLISH.pdf|archivedate=6 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ụtụ isi ===
Ụtụ isi dị arọ Brazil na-etinye n'ọnụ ahịa ndị ahịa gụnyere nnukwu ụtụ isi na nri, nke na-ebo ndị ogbenye ibu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Brazilian tax burden leads to more inequality nationwide|url=http://www.infosurhoy.com/cocoon/saii/xhtml/en_GB/features/saii/features/economy/2010/02/23/feature-04|accessdate=9 September 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327174856/http://www.infosurhoy.com/cocoon/saii/xhtml/en_GB/features/saii/features/economy/2010/02/23/feature-04|archivedate=27 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ibu ụtụ isi nke ndị nọ n'ụgwọ ego dị elu na-enweta ihe karịrị 30 ụgwọ opekempe kwa ọnwa ruru pasenti 26.3. &lt;/link&gt;&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (December 2014)&quot;&gt;mgbe ole?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; N'ụzọ dị iche, ndị na-enweta ego kwa ọnwa nke na-erughị okpukpu abụọ nke ụgwọ opekempe bụ ụtụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ na 48.8 pasent. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Notes on inequality and poverty in Brazil: Current situation and challenges|url=http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/downloads/FP2P/FP2P_Brazil_Inequality_Poverty_BP_ENGLISH.pdf|accessdate=9 September 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306142157/http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/downloads/FP2P/FP2P_Brazil_Inequality_Poverty_BP_ENGLISH.pdf|archivedate=6 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ịta oke ikike nke ala ===
Mgbasawanye nke ahia agribusiness na-ebupụ ebupụla ebutela itinye uche nwe ala (ọnụọgụ IBGE na-akọ ndepụta GINI nke 0.872). Gọọmenti mebere ngbanwe nke ọrụ ugbo nke megharịrị ọtụtụ ugbo ezinụlọ, nke were ihe dị ka pasenti iri asaa na anọ nke ndị ọrụ ugbo n'ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, a kọrọ na ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ nwe ala dị elu ọbụna n'ebe a na-arụ ọrụ ugbo ezinụlọ. Nke a bụ ihe na-enye nsogbu n'obi gbasara enweghị ahaghị nhata n'ihi na ọ na-esiri ndị ọrụ ugbo ezinụlọ ike ịsọ mpi na ndị na-emepụta nnukwu ihe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Agribusiness Driving Land yes, and pConcentration|url=http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=48734|accessdate=9 September 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921000148/http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=48734|archivedate=21 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Ọsọ na Brazil

== Edensibia ==
mmadụ abụọ) nwere pasenti 13 nke ego ezinụlọ niile. Pasent a yiri nke ndị kasị daa ogbenye 50 pasent - ihe dị ka nde 80 ndị Brazil. Ahaghị{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Abdeslam Boulaich</title>
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'''Abdeslam Boulaich''' ( Arabic &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/link&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; ) bụ onye na-akọ akụkọ Moroccan, nke Paul Bowles mmetụta ya ụfọdụ site na Arabic Moroccan gaa na Bekee .  [1] [2] Sentela ndị Boulaich na nkuzi mmụta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://faculty.mc3.edu/pschepon/Syllabi/ENG236Y0F03.htm |title=Montgomery County Community College |accessdate=2024-05-22 |archivedate=2016-05-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524071958/http://faculty.mc3.edu/pschepon/Syllabi/ENG236Y0F03.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Boulaich, Abdeslam}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alphadi</title>
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      <text bytes="2992" sha1="cve99mymyfckcfzcmsvawb67ybhih6n" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Alphadi|image=|image_caption=|birth_name=Sidahmed Seidnaly|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1957|06|01}}|birth_place=[[Timbuktu]], [[Mali]]|nationality=[[Niger]]ien|occupation=ejiji mmebe}}
[[Faịlụ:Ensemble d'Alphadi (Musée du quai Branly, Paris) (55218576667).png|áká_èkpè|thumb]]
'''Alphadi''' (onye agụrụ '''Sidahmed Seidnaly''' ; 1 June 1957) bụ onye na-emepụta ejiji na obodo ana kpo Niger, aha ọzọ nke eji mara ya bu &quot;Onye dibịa anwansi nke Ozara&quot;. Ọ bụ onye Mauritania, sitere n'agbụrụ dị elu, n'akụkụ nne na nna ya. A mụrụ Alphadi na Timbuktu, [[Mali]], mana ọ kwagara na nne na nna ya bụ Niger mgbe ọ dị obere.

Alphadi gụrụ akwụkwọ na Cardon Savard Studios  na Paris, malitere akara ya na 1984, ma wepụta akara ejiji mbụ ya na 1985 na Paris International Tourism Tradeshow. Usoro ya agbasaala n' uwe egwuregwu na ihe na esi isi uto. Usoro Alphadi, nke nwere ụlọ ahịa 'Complexe Alphadi' na Niamey (na Rue Vox), Ivory Coast na Paris

N'afọ 1998, Alphadi bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ejiji atọ n'Afrịka meriri Principal Prince Claus Award ;abụọ ndị ọzọ bụ Tetteh Adzedu si Ghana na Oumou Sy.

N'afọ 1998, o mepụtara FIMA mbụ, International Festival of African Fashion nke dị na Niger..Ihe omume a nyere ndị na-emepụta ihe n'Afrịka ohere ka ha na ndị na-ese ihe mba ụwa ndị ọzọ dịka Yves Saint Laurent, Kenzo, Jean Paul Gaultier na Paco Rabanne gbakọọ. Kemgbe ahụ, ihe omume ahụ anọwo na-aga n'ihu n'afọ abụọ ọ bụla..N'afọ 2007, ọ malitere asọmpi ọhụrụ n'oge asọmpi FIMA na Hip Hop FIMA .

Alphadi na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na Niamey na Morocco, ma na-eke oge ya n'etiti ụlọ na Niameay na Paris. Ọ lụrụ nwanyị, nna nke ụmụ isii.

A kpọrọ Alphadi onye na-ese ihe UNESCO maka udo na Jenụwarị 2016 .na Onye nnọchi anya UNESCO Goodwill maka ihe ọhụrụ na okike n'Africa na 2022.

== Onyinye ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Afọ
!Aha ya
|-
|2001
|''Chevalier nke Ordre de Mérite nke France''
|-
|1999
|Kora Fashion Award - South Africa
|-
|1987
|Onye Africa kacha mma - French Federation of Couture and Prêt à Porter
|-
|1997
|''Ihe nrite Prince Claus'' - Prince Claus FundOnyinye Prince Claus
|}

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20241130180035/http://www.africanpainters.com/shop/shop.php?c=viewproduct&amp;pid=14&amp;cat=38&amp;sid=sid17c05601f441b0530025b6cbeee798dd/ Profaịlụ Alphadi]
* [http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/france_159/label-france_2554/label-france-issues_2555/label-france-no.-61_2557/feature-africa-on-the-move_2559/creative-africa_2840.html?var_recherche=Alphadi#so_2 Africa na-emepụta ejiji]
* 360° - GÉO (ihe omume, TV5) Alphadi, nwa eze nke ejiji dị elu nke Roberto Lugones duziri, 2004. Mba: Germany / France. Oge ịgba ọsọ: 52' 

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Seidnaly SidhamednaFMD
{{ACArt}}
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Darius McCrary</title>
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      <comment>removed infobox as databox exists already</comment>
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      <text bytes="7728" sha1="034x3c46ja3u1h95gcikzv6vemdyoco" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''Darius Creston McCrary''' (amuru May 1, 1976) bu onye omekorita America, onye ọbụ abụ na onye na-emeputa ihe. A maara McCrary maka ọrụ ya dị ka Edward “Eddie” Winslow, nwa kacha ochie nke Carl na Harriette Winslow na ABC / CBS telivishọn sitcom ''Family Matters'', nke sitere na 1989 – 1998. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Cruisin' TakesA Back Seat|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=March 16, 1993|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1993-03-16/features/9303160344_1_cruising-family-matters-donovan|accessdate=September 24, 2010|first=Brenda|author=Herrmann}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ gbakwara Scam na ihe nkiri 1987 na-atọ ọchị ''Big Shots'', nke bụ mpụta ihe nkiri ya. O nyere olu Jazz na ''Transformers'' (2007). Site na Disemba 2009 ruo Ọktoba 2011, o gosipụtara onye na-ese foto Malcolm Winters na ihe nkiri ụbọchị CBS ''The Young and the restless'' .

== Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ ==
McCrary malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ụmụaka wee mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya na 1987 na-atọ ọchị ''Big Shots'' . Ọ pụtakwara na ebe ndị ọbịa na telivishọn episodic wee rụọ ọrụ na ihe nkiri 1988 ''Mississippi Burning'' tupu ọ banye ọrụ Eddie Winslow na ''ihe gbasara ezinụlọ'' n'afọ na-esote. &lt;ref name=&quot;filmref&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/56/Darius-McCrary.html|title=Darius McCrary Biography (1976-)|work=filmreference.com|accessdate=2009-01-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Mgbe ''ihe gbasara ezinụlọ'' kwụsịrị ịgba ọsọ ya na 1998, McCrary rụkọrọ ọrụ na usoro UPN dị mkpụmkpụ ''nke Freedom'' . Na 2000, o nwere onye ndu dị ka Tommy na &quot;Ihe na-abụ banyere&quot;, ihe nkiri Ndị Kraịst nke Billy Graham Evangelistic Association mepụtara. Na 2001, ọ pụtara na ''15 nkeji'' megidere Robert De Niro na ''Alaeze Bịa'', na Whoopi Goldberg .

N'April na Mee 2006, McCrary jikọtara ya na onye otu kpakpando ''ezinụlọ'' ya Kellie Shanygne Williams dị ka Jamal na UPN 's ''Eve'' maka nkeji abụọ. Na 2007, ọ bụ olu Jazz na ihe nkiri ''Transformers'' . Na 2009, o kwupụtara Tarix na ''Bionicle: The Legend Reborn'' . McCrary nwekwara ọrụ ihe nkiri na ''Next Day Air'', ''Saw VI'', na ihe nkiri egwuregwu mba dị ka ''The Maintenance Man'' . N'ọnwa Disemba ahụ, ọ sonyeere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri CBS nke ụbọchị ''The Young and the restless'' . McCrary gosipụtara Malcolm Winters, ọrụ sitere na Shemar Moore . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.soapcentral.com/yr/news/2009/1116-mccrary.php|title=Family Matters star as Y&amp;R's new Malcolm Winters|first=Dan J.|author=Kroll|work=Soap Central.com|accessdate=2022-06-16|archivedate=2021-01-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126100817/https://www.soapcentral.com/yr/news/2009/1116-mccrary.php}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sonyere na usoro ihe omume site n'aka onye na-emekọ ''ihe ọnụ ezinụlọ'' mbụ Bryton James (né McClure), McCrary hapụrụ ''The Young and the restless'' na Ọktoba 2011. E wepụtara album mbụ McCrary n'otu afọ ahụ.

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
McCrary bụ onye nchoputa nke FathersCare, otu na-adịghị akwụ ụgwọ n'okpuru nche anwụ McCrary Foundation, malitere site nna ya, nwanne nne ya na nwanne nna ya, nke a makwaara dị ka McCrarys .

N'afọ 2015, e jidere ya ma jide ya n'ihi na ọ naghị akwụ ụgwọ nkwado ụmụaka, ma a tọhapụrụ ya mgbe awa abụọ gasịrị mgbe ọ kwụrụ ụgwọ $ 5,500 zuru ezu na nkwado azụ azụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Murphy|first=Doyle|title=Darius McCrary, former 'Family Matters' star, arrested over child support payments|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/family-matters-star-darius-mccrary-arrested-michigan-article-1.2163941|date=March 26, 2015|accessdate=2022-06-16|work=[[New York Daily News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na Nọvemba 27, 2023, ejidere McCrary nke ugboro abụọ na ebubo mpụ nke ịkwụghị nkwado ụmụaka karịrị $52,000 dị ka nke Machị 2019. Ọ gọnarịrị na ọ bụghị ikpe mara, ma edobere nkwekọ ya na $13,197.01, dịka akwụkwọ ụlọikpe siri kwuo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Elibert|first=Mark|title=Darius McCrary Arrested for Failing To Pay Child Support a Second Time|url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/markelibert/darius-mccrary-arrested-child-support|date=December 16, 2023|accessdate=February 8, 2024|work=Complex}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nkiri ==

=== Ihe nkiri ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: 0;&quot;
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
|-
|1987
|''Big Shots''
|Jeremy &quot;Scam&quot; Henderson
|
|-
|1988
|''Mississippi Burning''
|Aaron Williams
|
|-
|1995
|''Kidz in the Wood''
|Tootooe
|TV movie
|-
|1997
|''Don King: Only in America''
|Muhammad Ali
|TV movie
|-
|1998
|''Park Day''
|Andre Simmons
|
|-
|1999
|''The Breaks''
|Shaquan
|
|-
|2000
|''Something to Sing About''
|Tommy
|TV movie
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2001
|''Kingdom Come''
|Royce Slocumb
|
|-
|''15 Minutes''
|Detective Tommy Cullen
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2002
|''Vampires: Los Muertos''
|Ray Collins
|
|-
|''Hostage''
|FBI Commander Darius Jackson
|Short
|-
|2004
|''The Maintenance Man''
|Malcolm Tremell
|Video
|-
|2006
|''Da Jammies''
|Dean Cransbury (voice)
|Video
|-
|2007
|''Transformers''
|Jazz (Voice)
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2009
|''Next Day Air''
|Buddy
|
|-
|''Steppin: The Movie''
|Sinis
|
|-
|''Saw VI''
|Dave
|
|-
|2010
|''Church''
|Daniel
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2011
|''35 and Ticking''
|Nick West
|
|-
|''The Perfect Gift''
|Darren Smith
|
|-
|''He's Mine Not Yours''
|William
|
|-
|''Houndz from Hell''
|Extract
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2013
|''24 Hour Love''
|Vernon
|
|-
|''Will a Man Rob God?''
|Corey
|Video
|-
|2014
|''Reach Me''
|Captain Hawkings
|
|-
|2015
|''The Summoning''
|Drew
|
|-
|2016
|''Love Under New Management: The Miki Howard Story''
|Gerald Levert
|TV movie
|-
|2019
|''Fanatic''
|Officer Hardaway
|TV movie
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2020
|''Christmas in Carolina''
|Marlone
|
|-
|''True to the Game 2''
|Detective Joe
|
|-
|2021
|''True to the Game 3''
|Detective Joe
|
|-
|2022
|''Wayward''
|Anthony Demme
|
|-
|2023
|''Sebastian''
|Detective Dale Dumars
|Tubi release
|}

=== Vidio egwu ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: 0;&quot;
!Afọ
! Abụ
! Onye na-ese ihe
! Ọrụ
|-
| 2017
| &quot;Tinye m&quot;
| Ledisi
| Onye ọbịa oriri
|}

=== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: 0;&quot;
!Afọ
! Aha
|-
| 2007
| ''Aha m bụ Rick James''
|-
| 2009
| ''Kiss na ọdụ: Hollywood Jumpoff''
|}

== Ọrụ egwu ==

=== 2016 ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Onye na-ese ihe
! Album
! Labelụ
! Ewepụtara ya
! Ndị na-alụbeghị di
! Ntinye aka
! Mmepụta
|-
| Emcee mara mma
| Ihe niile gbasara U
| Egwu obodo Gypsy
| 07/2016
| &quot;Ihe niile gbasara U&quot; ft. Darius McCrary &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/all-about-u-feat-darius-mccrary-single/1134066764|title=All About U (feat. Darius McCrary)|date=July 21, 2016|work=Apple Music}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Onye edemede &amp; Onye na-eme ihe nkiri
| onweghi
|-
|}

== Nhọpụta ihe nrite ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Afọ
! Ihe nrite
! Nsonaazụ
! Otu
! Ihe nkiri ma ọ bụ usoro
|-
| 1988
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | Ihe nrite onye nka na-eto eto
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | '''Ahọpụtara'''
| Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-eto eto kacha mma n'ime ihe nkiri - ihe ọchị
| ''Nnukwu gbaa''
|-
| 1989
| Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-eto eto kacha mma n'ime ihe nkiri - Ihe nkiri
| ''Mississippi Ọkụ''
|-
| 1993
| Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-eto eto kacha mma na usoro ihe onyonyo
| ''Okwu Ezinụlọ''
|}

== Ebenside ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* {{IMDb name}}
* Darius McCrary at AllMovie 
* Darius McCrary on X 

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCrary, Darius}}
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Ọrụ ugbo nke cellular na-elekwasị anya na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ugbo sitere na omenala cell site na iji ngwakọta nke biotechnology, engineering tissue, molecular biology, and synthetic biology iji mepụta na chepụta ụzọ ọhụrụ nke imepụta protein, abụba na anụ ahụ ga-esi na ọrụ ugbo omenala pụta. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ a na-elekwasị anya na ngwaahịa anụmanụ dị ka anụ, mmiri ara ehi, na akwa, nke a na-emepụta na omenala cell kama ịzụ na igbu anụ ụlọ nke jikọtara ya na nnukwu nsogbu zuru ụwa ọnụ nke mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi (dịka mmepụta anụ), ọdịmma anụmanụ, nchekwa nri na ahụike mmadụ. Ọrụ ugbo nke cellular bụ ngalaba akụ na ụba nke biobased. Echiche ọrụ ugbo cellular kacha mara amara bụ anụ emebere.

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ==
 
Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ugbo cellular bụ ọzụzụ sayensị na-adịbeghị anya, a na-eji insulin na rennet zụta ngwaahịa ọrụ ugbo cellular na njedebe narị afọ nke 20.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.new-harvest.org/about|title=About|accessdate=2016-08-08|archivedate=2020-11-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114002306/https://www.new-harvest.org/about}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Machị 24, 1990, FDA kwadoro nje bacteria e mebere site na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa iji mepụta rennet, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa mbụ ejiri mkpụrụ ndụ megharịa maka nri. Rennet bụ ngwakọta nke enzymes na-eme ka mmiri ara ehi ghọọ curds na whey n'ime cheese. Na omenala, a na-ewepụta rennet site n'ime ime nke afọ nke anọ nke ụmụ ehi. Taa, usoro ịme cheese na-eji rennet enzymes sitere na nje bacteria, fungi, ma ọ bụ yist emebere site na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa n'ihi na ha adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, na-agbanwe agbanwe, ma dị ọnụ ala karịa rennet sitere na anụmanụ..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/ncbe/gmfood/chymosin.html|title=Case Studies: Chymosin|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160522102627/http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/ncbe/gmfood/chymosin.html|archivedate=2016-05-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2004, Jason Matheny guzobere New Harvest, nke ebumnuche ya bụ &quot;ịkwalite ọganihu na ọrụ ugbo cellular&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://new-harvest.org/who-we-are/|title=Who We Are|accessdate=2024-07-12|archivedate=2019-09-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905072502/https://www.new-harvest.org/about}}&lt;/ref&gt; New Harvest bụ naanị nzukọ lekwasịrị anya naanị n'ịkwalite ngalaba nke ọrụ ugbo cellular ma nye ego PhD mbụ maka ọrụ ugbo cell, na Mahadum Tufts.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.new-harvest.org/cellular_agriculture_tufts_university|title=Cellular Agriculture at Tufts University.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807065054/http://www.new-harvest.org/cellular_agriculture_tufts_university|archivedate=2016-08-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka ọ na-erule 2014, IndieBio, onye na-eme ngwa ngwa bayoloji sịntetik na San Francisco, ewepụtala ọtụtụ mmalite ọrụ ugbo cellular, na-anabata Muufri (na-eme mmiri ara ehi site na omenala cell, ugbu a, nri ụbọchị zuru oke), ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla (na-eme akwa ọcha site na omenala cell), Gelzen (na-eme ihe). Gelatin sitere na nje bacteria na yist, ugbu a Geltor), Afineur (na-eme kọfị kọfị omenala) na Pembient (na-eme mpi rhino). Muufri na Ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla bụ ndị New Harvest kwadoro na mbụ.

N'afọ 2015, Mercy for Animals mepụtara The Good Food Institute, nke na-akwalite ọrụ ugbo na-adabere na osisi na cellular.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://vegnews.com/2016/3/mfa-launches-new-sister-organization|title=MFA Launches New Sister Organization|first=Richard|author=Bowie|work=VegNews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọzọkwa na 2015, Isha Datar chepụtara okwu ahụ bụ &quot;ọrụ ugbo cellular&quot; (nke a na-emekarị ka ọ bụrụ &quot;cell ag&quot;) n'otu New Harvest Facebook.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Crosser|first=Nate|title=Cellular agriculture landscape|url=https://ecotech.substack.com/p/cellular-agriculture-landscape|work=Fifth Industrial|date=13 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Useful Resources|url=https://cellularagricultureaustralia.org/useful-resources/|work=Cellular Agriculture Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Julaị 13, 2016, New Harvest kwadoro nzukọ mba ụwa mbụ gbasara ọrụ ugbo cellular na San Francisco, [[California]].&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;/&gt; N'ụbọchị sochiri nzukọ ahụ, New Harvest kwadoro ogbako mbụ mechiri emechi maka ụlọ ọrụ, agụmakwụkwọ, na ndị ọrụ gọọmentị na ọrụ ugbo cellular.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@NewHarvestOrg/notes-from-the-2016-cellular-agriculture-innovators-workshop-c97d4df4eabb#.dow8i6r2m|title=Notes from the 2016 Cellular Agriculture Innovators' Workshop|author=Harvest|first=New|date=2016-08-04|work=Medium|accessdate=2016-08-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ngwá ọrụ nyocha ==
Ọtụtụ ngwá ọrụ nyocha dị mkpa dị na ntọala nke nyocha na ọrụ ugbo cellular. Ndị a gụnyere: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Talbot|first=Neil C.|date=2008-01-01|title=The Pursuit of ES Cell Lines of Domesticated Ungulates.|journal=Stem Cell Reviews|volume=4|issue=3|pages=235–254|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1232876|doi=10.1007/s12015-008-9026-0|pmid=18612851}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akara mkpụrụ ndụ ===
Ihe dị mkpa na-efu efu na ọganihu nke anụ a na-emepe emepe bụ ịnweta ngwa ekwentị kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ụzọ na ụkpụrụ sitere na omenala mmadụ na nke òké nwere ike emetụta ihe ndị cellular ọrụ ugbo, ọ bịara doo anya na ọtụtụ adịghị. A na-egosipụta nke a site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na usoro iwu hiwere maka ịmepụta mkpụrụ ndụ sel embrayo na-enwebeghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'iwepụta ahịrị sel embrayo na-adịghị edozi.. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2007|title=Challenges and prospects for the establishment of embryonic stem cells of domesticated ungulates|journal=Animal Reproduction Science|volume=98|issue=1–2|doi=10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.10.009|pmid=17097839|pages=147–68|author=Keefer|first=CL}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2008|title=The pursuit of ES cell lines of domesticated ungulates|journal=Stem Cell Rev|volume=4|issue=3|doi=10.1007/s12015-008-9026-0|pmid=18612851|pages=235–154|author=Talbot|first=NC|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1232876}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|date=2016|doi=10.1007/978-1-4939-3483-6_5|pages=81–99|series=Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine|author=Nowak-Imialek|first=Monika|title=Fetal Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine|chapter=Embryonic Stem Cells and Fetal Development Models|isbn=978-1-4939-3481-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Usoro dị mma maka ahịrị mkpụrụ ndụ maka ebumnuche mmepụta anụ azụlitere gụnyere anwụghị anwụ, ikike [[Iba|ịba]] ụba dị elu, nnwere onwe elu, nnwere onwe serum, na ikike imepụta anụ ahụ. Ụdị cell ndị akọwapụtara nke ọma maka ọrụ ugbo cellular nwere ike ịdị iche site na ụdị gaa n'ụdị&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|date=2013|doi=10.1007/978-1-62703-628-3_9|pages=111–23|author=Cao|first=S|title=Epiblast Stem Cells|chapter=Isolation and Culture of Bovine Embryonic Stem Cells|series=Methods in Molecular Biology|isbn=978-1-62703-627-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2012|title=Why is it so difficult to derive pluripotent stem cells in domestic ungulates?|pmid=22913556|journal=Reprod Domest Anim|volume=47|issue=Suppl 5|doi=10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02106.x|pages=11–7|author=Gandolfi|first=F}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mgbasa ozi na-eto eto ===
Ụzọ omenala maka ịzụlite anụ ahụ anụmanụ na ọdịbendị gụnyere iji serum bovine fetal (FBS). FBS bụ ọbara a na-ewepụta site na nwa ehi. Ngwaahịa a na-enye mkpụrụ ndụ ihe oriri na ihe na-akpali uto, mana ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị adịgide adịgide na ihe onwunwe dị arọ iji mepụta, yana nnukwu ọdịiche dị iche iche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Van der Valk|first=J|date=2010|title=Optimization of chemically defined cell culture media--replacing fetal bovine serum in mammalian in vitro methods|journal=Toxicol in Vitro|volume=24|issue=4|doi=10.1016/j.tiv.2010.03.016|pmid=20362047|pages=1053–63}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụlọ ọrụ anụ ndị nwere ọdịbendị anọwo na-etinye ihe onwunwe dị mkpa na mgbasa ozi na-eto eto.

Mgbe e mepụtara usoro mkpụrụ ndụ, mgbalị iji wepụ serum site na mgbasa ozi na-eto eto bụ isi ihe na-eme ka ọrụ ugbo cellular dị ka serum ehi nwa ọhụrụ bụ ihe ọtụtụ nkatọ nke ọrụ ugbo cell na mmepụta anụ. O yikarịrị ka a ga-achọ usoro mgbasa ozi abụọ dị iche iche maka ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ ọ bụla: mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, maka uto, na mgbasa ozi dị iche iche, maka ntozu okè.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Agapakis|first=Christina|date=2012|title=Steak of the Art: The Fatal Flaws of In Vitro Meat|url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2012/04/24/steak-of-the-art-the-fatal-flaws-of-in-vitro-meat/#.V6jP-Vcw3zI|journal=Discover Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nkà na ụzụ ===
Ka usoro biotechnological na-agbasa, nnwale na-amalite ịbawanye oke ọnụ, dịka a ga-emepụta ihe ndị na-eme ka mmadụ na-abawanye. Mmụba ọ bụla n'ogo ga-achọ mmelite nke akụkụ dị iche iche dị ka ọrụ unit, fluid dynamics, mass transfer, na reaction kinetics.

=== Ihe ndị e ji akpụ ihe ===
Maka mkpụrụ ndụ iji mepụta anụ ahụ, ọ na-enyere aka ka agbakwunye ihe mkpuchi iji nye ọdịdị. Scaffolds dị oke mkpa maka mkpụrụ ndụ iji mepụta anụ ahụ buru ibu karịa 100 μm n'obosara. &amp;nbsp;Ezigbo scaffold ga-abụrịrị ihe na-adịghị egbu maka mkpụrụ ndụ, nke a na-eri eri, ma kwe ka ihe na-edozi ahụ na oxygen na-aga. Ọ ga-abụkwa ọnụ ala ma dị mfe imepụta n'ọtụtụ n'enweghị mkpa maka ụmụ anụmanụ.

=== Usoro anụ ahụ 3D ===
Nzọụkwụ ikpeazụ maka ịmepụta anụ a zụlitere na-agụnye ijikọta ihe niile gara aga nke nyocha iji mepụta nnukwu (&gt; 100 μm n'obosara) nke anụ ahụ nke enwere ike iji mkpụrụ ndụ na-emepụta n'ìgwè mee n'enweghị mkpa maka serum, ebe scaffold dị mma maka mkpụrụ ndụ na ụmụ mmadụ.&amp;nbsp;

== Ngwa ==
Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ mkparịta ụka bụ maka ngwa nri, anụ a kụrụ akụ, enwere ike iji ọrụ ugbo cellular mepụta ụdị ngwaahịa ugbo ọ bụla, gụnyere ndị na-emetụbeghị ụmụ anụmanụ ịmalite, dị ka ísì ụtọ Ginkgo Biowork.

=== Nzukọ sayensị mba ụwa banyere anụ a kụrụ akụ ===
{{Reflist}}
anụ a zụlitere (nke a makwaara site na aha ndị ọzọ) bụ anụ a na-emepụta site na mkpụrụ ndụ anụmanụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Datar|first=I|date=January 2010|title=Possibilities for an in vitro meat production system|journal=Innovative Food Science &amp; Emerging Technologies|volume=11|issue=1|pages=13–22|doi=10.1016/j.ifset.2009.10.007|url=https://zenodo.org/record/7469618}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ụdị ọrụ ugbo cellular, na usoro ọrụ ugbo dị otú ahụ na-enyocha n'ihe gbasara mmụba nke ndị na-azụ ahịa chọrọ protein.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dutch&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/danieladelorenzo/2022/03/17/dutch-parliament-approves-cultured-meat-tasting-within-the-netherlands/?sh=274e269460bf|work=[[Forbes.com]]|title=Dutch Parliament Approves Cultured Meat Tasting In The Netherlands|first=Daniela|author=De Lorenzo|date=17 March 2022|accessdate=8 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-emepụta anụ a kụrụ akụ site na iji usoro injinia anụ ahụ nke a na-eji eme ihe na ọgwụ regenerative.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Post|first=Mark|date=4 December 2013|title=Medical technology to Produce Food|journal=Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture|volume=94|issue=6|pages=1039–1041|doi=10.1002/jsfa.6474|pmid=24214798}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jason Matheny mere ka ndị na-ege ntị mara echiche nke anụ a kụrụ akụ na ụba na mbido afọ 2000 mgbe o so dee akwụkwọ  gbasara mmepụta anụ a kụziri akụ na ụba ma mepụta New Harvest, nzukọ mbụ na-enweghị uru n'ụwa nke raara onwe ya nye nyocha anụ na ''in-vitro''. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Edelman|first=PD|date=3 May 2005|title=Commentary: In Vitro-Cultured Meat Productionsystem|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7746539|journal=Tissue Engineering|volume=11|issue=5–6|pages=659–662|doi=10.1089/ten.2005.11.659|pmid=15998207|accessdate=8 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Schonwald|first=Josh|date=May 2009|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0906/features/future_fillet.shtml|title=Future Fillet|publisher=The University of Chicago Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cultured meat may have the potential to address substantial global problems of the environmental impact of meat production, animal welfare, food security and [[Health|human health]].&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Bryant|first=Christopher J|title=Culture, meat, and cultured meat|journal=Journal of Animal Science|date=3 August 2020|volume=98|issue=8|pages=skaa172|doi=10.1093/jas/skaa172|pmid=32745186|issn=0021-8812}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Hong|first=Tae Kyung|title=Current Issues and Technical Advances in Cultured Meat Production: AReview|journal=Food Science of Animal Resources|date=May 2021|volume=41|issue=3|pages=355–372|doi=10.5851/kosfa.2021.e14|pmid=34017947|issn=2636-0772}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Treich|first=Nicolas|title=Cultured Meat: Promises and Challenges|journal=Environmental and Resource Economics|date=1 May 2021|volume=79|issue=1|pages=33–61|doi=10.1007/s10640-021-00551-3|pmid=33758465|language=en|issn=1573-1502}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Bryant|first=Christopher J|title=Culture, meat, and cultured meat|journal=Journal of Animal Science|date=1 August 2020|volume=98|issue=8|pages=skaa172|doi=10.1093/jas/skaa172|pmid=32745186}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Treich|first=Nicolas|title=Cultured Meat: Promises and Challenges|journal=Environmental and Resource Economics|date=May 2021|volume=79|issue=1|pages=33–61|doi=10.1007/s10640-021-00551-3|pmid=33758465}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Wood|first=Paul|date=2023-04-01|title=&quot;Cellular agriculture&quot;: current gaps between facts and claims regarding &quot;cell-based meat&quot;|journal=Animal Frontiers|volume=13|issue=2|pages=68–74|doi=10.1093/af/vfac092}}&lt;/ref&gt; Specifically, it can be thought of in the context of the mitigation of climate change.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dutch&quot;/&gt;
[[Usòrò:The_Meat_Revolution_Mark_Post.webm|thumb|''The Meat Revolution'', a lecture at the World Economic Forum by Mark Post of the University of Maastricht about in vitro meat]]
[[Usòrò:Lab_Grown_Meat_explained_by_New_Harvest.webm|thumb|Vidio nke New Harvest na Xprize na-akọwa mmepe nke anụ a kụrụ akụ na ụba na &quot;ihe gbasara ndụ anụmanụ&quot; nke protein a zụlitere na ụlọ nyocha (anụ, àkwá, mmiri ara ehi) na-akpali]]
In 2013, professor Mark Post at Maastricht University pioneered a proof-of-concept for cultured meat by creating the first hamburger patty grown directly from cells. Since then, other cultured meat prototypes have gained media attention: SuperMeat opened a farm-to-fork restaurant called &quot;The Chicken&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Kolyohin|first=Nick|title=Feature: Israeli cultured meat company aims to redefine industry|journal=Xinhua News Agency|date=2 July 2021|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-07/02/c_1310040282.htm|accessdate=2 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; in Tel Aviv to test consumer reaction to its &quot;Chicken&quot; burger,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Peters|first=Adele|title=At the first lab-grown meat restaurant, you can eat a 'cultured chicken' sandwich|journal=Fast Company|date=5 November 2020|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/90572093/at-the-first-lab-grown-meat-restaurant-you-can-eat-a-cultured-chicken-sandwich|accessdate=18 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; while the &quot;world's first commercial sale of cell-cultured meat&quot; occurred in December 2020 at the Singapore restaurant &quot;1880&quot;, where cultured meat manufactured by the [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|US]] firm Eat Just was sold.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Scully|first=Matthew|title=Hello Cultured Meat, Goodbye to the Cruelty of Industrial Animal Farming|journal=National Review|date=17 January 2021|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2021/01/hello-cultured-meat-good-bye-to-the-cruelty-of-industrial-animal-farming/|accessdate=18 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ mgbalị na mbara igwe na-elekwasị anya na anụ ndị a na-ahụkarị dị ka anụ ezì, anụ ehi, na anụ ọkụkọ nke mejupụtara ihe ka ukwuu a na-eri na mba ndị mepere emepe, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=What is the most consumed meat in the world?|url=https://ask.usda.gov/s/article/What-is-the-most-consumed-meat-in-the-world|accessdate=14 October 2021|archivedate=21 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021133914/https://ask.usda.gov/s/article/What-is-the-most-consumed-meat-in-the-world}}&lt;/ref&gt; ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ dị ka Orbillion Bio lekwasịrị anya na anụ dị elu ma ọ bụ nke a na-adịghị ahụkebe gụnyere Elk, Nwa atụrụ, Bison, na ụdị anụ ehi Wagyu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Investors eat up Orbillion Bio's plans for lab-grown Wagyu beef, elk and bison|url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/04/26/investors-eat-up-orbillion-bios-plans-for-lab-grown-wagyu-beef-elk-and-bison/|accessdate=14 October 2021|date=26 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Avant Meats ewetawo azụ grouper a zụlitere n'ahịa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Lab-grown fish makes a debut in Hong Kong|url=https://thefishsite.com/articles/lab-grown-fish-makes-a-debut-in-hong-kong|accessdate=14 October 2021|date=29 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ka ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ amalitela ịzụlite ụdị azụ ndị ọzọ na nri mmiri ndị ọzọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Seafood Without The Sea: Will Lab-Grown Fish Hook Consumers?|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/05/720041152/seafood-without-the-sea-will-lab-grown-fish-hook-consumers|accessdate=14 October 2021|date=5 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Usoro mmepụta na-agbanwe mgbe niile, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ nyocha na-akpali.&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.futurefood.org/in-vitro-meat/index_en.php|title=Future Food - In Vitro Meat|date=November 2018|work=futurefood.org|accessdate=26 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mmetụta nke anụ a zụlitere emeela ka mkparịta ụka gbasara ụkpụrụ omume, ahụike, gburugburu ebe obibi, ọdịbendị, na akụ na ụba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://sentience-politics.org/policy-papers/cultured-meat/|title=Cultured Meat|author=Rohrheim|first=A|date=June 2016|work=Sentience Politics|accessdate=26 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ihe gbasara ike ahịa, data nke ụlọ ọrụ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị Good Food Institute bipụtara chọpụtara na na 2021 ụlọ ọrụ anụ a na-akụ adọta $ 140 nde na [[Obodo Békè|Europe]] naanị.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dutch&quot;/&gt;Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-enye anụ a kụrụ akụ na ihe omume pụrụ iche na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ole na ole dị elu, mmepụta buru ibu nke anụ a kụziri akụ amalitebeghị.
[[Usòrò:Assembly_of_fibrous_muscle,_fat,_and_vascular_tissues_to_cultured_steak.webp|thumb|N'afọ 2021, ndị na-eme nchọpụta gosipụtara usoro bioprinting iji mepụta anụ a kụrụ akụ dị ka anụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Japanese scientists produce first 3D-bioprinted, marbled Wagyu beef|url=https://newatlas.com/science/world-first-lab-grown-wagyu-beef-japan/|accessdate=21 September 2021|work=New Atlas|date=25 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Kang|first=Dong-Hee|title=Engineered whole cut meat-like tissue by the assembly of cell fibers using tendon-gel integrated bioprinting|journal=Nature Communications|date=24 August 2021|volume=12|issue=1|pages=5059|pmid=34429413|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-25236-9|language=en|issn=2041-1723}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
N'afọ 2020, gọọmentị Singapore nyere ikike nchịkwa mbụ n'ụwa maka ngwaahịa anụ a zụlitere. A na-akụ anụ ọkụkọ na Bioreactor na mmiri nke amino acid, shuga, na [[Ńnú|nnu]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Bloomberg 20192&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=These $50 Chicken Nuggets Were Grown in a Lab|work=Bloomberg.com|date=October 22, 2019|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-22/clean-meat-just-chicken-nuggets-grown-in-a-lab-coming-soon|accessdate=February 27, 2020|first=Deena|author=Shanker}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe oriri nke anụ ọkụkọ bụ ~70% anụ a zụlitere na ụlọ nyocha, ebe a na-eji protein Mọnk bean na ihe ndị ọzọ eme ihe. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwere nkwa ịgbalịsi ike maka ọnụahịa nhata na nri ọkụkọ &quot;ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Corbyn 2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Corbyn|first=Zoë|title=Out of the lab and into your frying pan: the advance of cultured meat|work=the Guardian|date=January 19, 2020|url=http://www.theguardian.com/food/2020/jan/19/cultured-meat-on-its-way-to-a-table-near-you-cultivated-cells-farming-society-ethics|accessdate=February 27, 2020|archivedate=February 11, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211055549/https://www.theguardian.com/food/2020/jan/19/cultured-meat-on-its-way-to-a-table-near-you-cultivated-cells-farming-society-ethics}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Ives|first=Mike|title=Singapore Approves a Lab-Grown Meat Product, a Global First|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/02/business/singapore-lab-meat.html|accessdate=16 January 2021|work=The New York Times|date=2 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mmiri ara ehi ===

* Perfect Day bụ mmalite nke San Francisco nke malitere dị ka New Harvest Dairy Project ma IndieBio mepụtara ya na 2014. Perfect Day na-eme mmiri ara ehi site na yeast kama ehi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.new-harvest.org/muufri_milk|title=Muufri Milk|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609012500/http://www.new-harvest.org/muufri_milk|archivedate=2016-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.muufri.com/|title=Perfect Day: All the dairy you love, with none of the dairy cows.|work=Perfect Day|accessdate=2024-07-12|archivedate=2016-07-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724224525/http://muufri.com/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gbanwere aha ya site na Muufri gaa na Perfect Day n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://perfectday.com/faqs/|title=Non-Animal Protein FAQs}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* New Culture bụ mmalite nke San Francisco nke IndieBio mepụtara na 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://agfundernews.com/brief-kraft-heinz-invests-in-new-culture-3-5m-seed-round-for-cell-grown-cheese.html|title=BRIEF: Kraft Heinz's VC invests in New Culture $3.5m seed round for cell-grown cheese|date=2019-09-10|work=AgFunderNews|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-16|archivedate=2019-12-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222053056/https://agfundernews.com/brief-kraft-heinz-invests-in-new-culture-3-5m-seed-round-for-cell-grown-cheese.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdịbendị Ọhụrụ na-eme cheese mozzarella site na iji protein casein (protein mmiri ara ehi) nke ụmụ ahụhụ mere kama ehi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cell.ag/interview-matt-gibson-new-culture/|title=Interview: Matt Gibson, CEO of New Culture Foods|work=www.cell.ag|accessdate=2019-09-16|archivedate=2019-12-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222053056/https://www.cell.ag/interview-matt-gibson-new-culture/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/02/science/lab-grown-milk.html|title=Got Impossible Milk? The Quest for Lab-Made Dairy|author=Sheikh|first=Knvul|date=2019-08-02|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2019-09-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=New Culture|url=https://www.newculturefood.com/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=www.newculturefood.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Real Vegan Cheese nke dị na San Francisco Bay-area bụ otu Open Science na-enweghị uru na-arụ ọrụ site na ụlọ nyocha obodo abụọ mepere emepe ma wepụ ya na asọmpi International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) na 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://realvegancheese.org/|title=Real Vegan Cheese {{!}}|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-09-16}}&lt;/ref&gt; Real Vegan Cheese na-eme cheese site na iji protein casein (protein mmiri ara ehi) nke ụmụ ahụhụ mere kama ehi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/827852/fblk|title=Real Vegan Cheese!|work=Indiegogo|language=en|accessdate=2019-09-16|archivedate=2019-12-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222053056/https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/827852/fblk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.livekindly.co/scientists-develop-real-vegan-cheese-made-lab-milk/|title=Scientists Develop 'Real Vegan Cheese' Made From Lab 'Milk' {{!}} News|author=Murray-Ragg|first=Nadia|date=2017-10-01|work=LIVEKINDLY|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-09-16|archivedate=2019-01-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123022252/https://www.livekindly.co/scientists-develop-real-vegan-cheese-made-lab-milk/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Real Vegan Cheese|url=https://www.realvegancheese.org/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Real Vegan Cheese|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Formo, nke dị na Germany, bụ mmalite na-emepụta ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi site na iji nje na-agbanye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Formo - The Future Dairy from Berlin.|url=https://formo.bio/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=formo.bio}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Imagindairy na-anwa ịmepụta mmiri ara ehi site na ihe iko achịcha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-01-08|title=Imagindairy plans to cut out the cow and make milk from yeast|url=https://newatlas.com/science/imagindairy-milk-yeast-cow/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=New Atlas|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-08-11|title=Blood, brains and burgers: The future is lab-grown everything|url=https://newatlas.com/technology/lab-grown-meat-wood-dairy-human-organs-future/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=New Atlas|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àkwá ===

* Ụlọ ọrụ EVERY bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-amalite na San Francisco nke malitere dị ka New Harvest Egg Project ma IndieBio mepụtara ya na 2015. Ụlọ ọrụ EVERY na-eji ihe iko achịcha emepụta ihe ọcha àkwá kama iji àkwá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://new-harvest.org/under-development/|title=Under Development|accessdate=2024-07-12|archivedate=2019-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611201752/https://www.new-harvest.org/clara_foods}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gelatin ===

* Geltor bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-amalite na San Francisco nke IndieBio mepụtara na 2015. Geltor na-emepe usoro mmepụta protein nke na-eji nje bacteria na yeast emepụta gelatin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://biotechin.asia/2015/12/02/gelzen-inc-making-sustainable-animal-free-gelatin/|title=Gelzen Inc. – Making sustainable, animal-free gelatin|date=December 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819211621/https://biotechin.asia/2015/12/02/gelzen-inc-making-sustainable-animal-free-gelatin/|archivedate=August 19, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gelzen.com/|title=Geltor|work=gelzen.com|accessdate=2024-07-12|archivedate=2016-08-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818061059/http://www.gelzen.com/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kọfị ===
In 2021, media outlets reported that the world's first synthetic coffee products have been created by two biotechnology companies, still awaiting regulatory approvals for near-term commercialization.&lt;ref name=&quot;synthcoffee&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Lavars|first=Nick|title=Lab-grown coffee cuts out the beans and deforestation|url=https://newatlas.com/science/lab-grown-coffee-beans-deforestation/|accessdate=18 October 2021|work=New Atlas|date=20 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;labgrown&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Eco-friendly, lab-grown coffee is on the way, but it comes with a catch|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly|accessdate=26 October 2021|work=The Guardian|date=16 October 2021|first=Nadra|author=Nittle|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;vttresearch&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sustainable coffee grown in Finland|url=https://www.vttresearch.com/en/news-and-ideas/sustainable-coffee-grown-finland-land-drinks-most-coffee-capita-produces-its-first|work=VTT News|date=15 September 2021|accessdate=18 October 2021|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Such products – which can be produced via cellular agriculture in bioreactors&lt;ref name=&quot;vttresearch&quot; /&gt; and for which multiple companies' R&amp;amp;amp;D have acquired substantial funding – may have equal or highly similar effects, composition and taste as natural products but use less water, generate less carbon emissions, require less labor&lt;ref name=&quot;labgrown&quot; /&gt;{{additional citation needed|date=October 2021}} and cause [[Kọfị|no deforestation]].&lt;ref name=&quot;synthcoffee&quot; /&gt; Products that equal naturally grown coffee on the chemical molecular level technically would not be &quot;coffee substitutes&quot; but differ only in their method of production – and hence be &quot;lab-grown coffee&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;labgrown&quot; /&gt;

Organizations working on cellular coffee include:

* Afineur bụ mmalite nke dị na Brooklyn na-eji biotechnology na smart fermentations iji melite profaịlụ nri na uto nke nri sitere na osisi, na-amalite na kọfị aka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afineur.com|title=Home|work=AFINEUR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ọbara nke ụgbala ===

* Sothic Bioscience bụ mmalite nke Cork nke IndieBio mepụtara na 2015. Sothic Bioscience na-ewu ikpo okwu maka mmepụta ọbara crab. Ọbara crab nke Horseshoe nwere limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL), nke bụ ọkọlọtọ ọla edo na-akwado ngwá ọrụ na ọgwụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.new-harvest.org/sothic-bioscience|title=Sothic Bioscience: Protecting human lives while preserving an ancient species|accessdate=2016-08-08|archivedate=2016-07-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729223953/http://www.new-harvest.org/sothic-bioscience}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://bitnami-lampstack-b011.cloudapp.net|title=Lampstack|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301045717/http://bitnami-lampstack-b011.cloudapp.net/|archivedate=2018-03-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Azụ ===
Enwere ike iji ọrụ ugbo cellular mee ihe maka nri azụ azụmahịa.

* Finless Foods na-arụ ọrụ iji mepụta ma mepụta ngwaahịa nri anụmanụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.finlessfoods.com/|title=Finless Foods – Finless Foods|accessdate=2018-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924102222/https://finlessfoods.com/|archivedate=2018-09-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Wild Type bụ mmalite nke San Francisco nke lekwasịrị anya n'ịmepụta anụ a zụrụ azụ iji dozie ihe ndị dị ka mgbanwe ihu igwe, nchekwa nri, na ahụike.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2018/03/29/wild-type-raises-3-5m-to-reinvent-meat-for-the-21st-century/|title=Wild Type raises $3.5M to reinvent meat for the 21st century|date=29 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewildtype.com/|title=Home|work=Wild Type|accessdate=2018-05-09|archivedate=2019-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827034102/https://www.thewildtype.com/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ ===

* Ginkgo Bioworks bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe ndị dị ndụ na Boston na-emepụta ísì ụtọ ma na-emepụta ụmụ irighiri ihe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ginkgobioworks.com|title=The Organism Company - Ginkgo Bioworks|work=Ginkgo Bioworks}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Silk ===

* Spiber bụ ụlọ ọrụ dị na [[Japan]] nke na-akọwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-ahụ maka mmepụta nke fibroin na ududo wee mepụta nje bacteria na DNA recombinant iji mepụta protein, nke ha na-agbanye n'ime silk ha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://newatlas.com/spiber-synthetic-silk/28267/|title=Artificial &quot;Spiber&quot; silk is tougher than Kevlar|date=12 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.spiber.jp|title=Spiber株式会社|work=Spiber株式会社}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bolt Threads bụ ụlọ ọrụ dị na California na-emepụta eriri silk engineered dabere na protein a na-ahụ na silk ududo nke enwere ike ịmepụta na ahịa. Bolt na-enyocha DNA nke ududo wee mepụta usoro mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ndị ahụ na ihe ndị ọzọ iji mepụta eriri silk yiri ya. A na-eji shuga, mmiri, nnu, na yist eme silk nke Bolt. Site na usoro a na-akpọ wet spinning, a na-atụgharị mmiri a n'ime eriri, dịka ụzọ a na-esi eme eriri dị ka acrylic na rayon.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://boltthreads.com|title=Bolt Threads|work=boltthreads.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2016/05/11/bolt-threads-patagonia/|title=Bolt Threads Will Bring Its Spider Silk Fabric to Patagonia|author=Rao|first=Leena|date=May 11, 2016|publisher=Fortune}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bolt Threads|url=https://boltthreads.com/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=boltthreads.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akpụkpọ anụ ===

* Modern Meadow bụ ihe na-amalite na Brooklyn na-eto collagen, protein a na-ahụ na akpụkpọ anụ, iji mee akpụkpọ anụ biofabricated.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.modernmeadow.com|title=Modern Meadow – Leather re-imagined|work=modernmeadow.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nri anụ ụlọ ===

* Clean Meat cluster depụtara n'ihi na Animals, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Because Animals|url=https://becauseanimals.com/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Because Animals|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wild Earth na Bond Pet Foods &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bond Pet Foods - Animal-free &amp; Protein-Rich Pet Food|url=https://www.bondpets.com/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=Bond Pet Foods|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; dị ka ndị sonyere n'ịmepụta nri anụ ụlọ na-eji anụ a kụrụ akụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wild Earth Announces the World's First Cell-Based Meat Developed for Dogs|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221026005209/en/Wild-Earth-Announces-the-World%E2%80%99s-First-Cell-Based-Meat-Developed-for-Dogs|work=www.businesswire.com|language=en|date=26 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Osisi ===
N'afọ 2022, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kọrọ na osisi mbụ e biri ebi na 3D. Ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ma ọ bụrụ na enwere ike iji ya mee ihe na ahịa (dịka na mmepụta zuru oke na ogo).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Brahambhatt|first=Rupendra|title=Science Scientists can now grow wood in a lab without cutting a single tree|url=https://interestingengineering.com/lab-grown-wood|accessdate=23 June 2022|work=Interesting Engineering}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Beckwith|first=Ashley L.|title=Physical, mechanical, and microstructural characterization of novel, 3D-printed, tunable, lab-grown plant materials generated from Zinnia elegans cell cultures|journal=Materials Today|date=1 April 2022|volume=54|pages=27–41|doi=10.1016/j.mattod.2022.02.012|language=en|issn=1369-7021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nsogbu ==

== Ihe omume agụmakwụkwọ ==

=== New Harvest Cultured Tissue Fellowship na Mahadum Tufts ===
Usoro jikọrọ aka n'etiti New Harvest na Tissue Engineering Research Center (TERC), atụmatụ NIH kwadoro na 2004 iji kwalite injinia anụ ahụ. Usoro mkpakọrịta ahụ na-enye ego maka ụmụ akwụkwọ Masters na PhD na Mahadum Tufts bụ ndị nwere mmasị na bioengineering tunable structures, mechanics, na biology n'ime usoro anụ ahụ 3D metụtara uru ha dị ka nri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.new-harvest.org/grants|title=Grant Opportunities, New Harvest|work=new-harvest.org|publisher=New Harvest|accessdate=July 25, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018200955/http://www.new-harvest.org/grants|archivedate=October 18, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nzukọ ==

=== Nzukọ Owu Ọhụrụ ===
New Harvest na-eme ka ndị ọsụ ụzọ na ọrụ ugbo cellular na ndị ọhụrụ, ndị nwere mmasị site na ụlọ ọrụ na agụmakwụkwọ kesaa ihe mmụta dị mkpa maka ụzọ ọrụ ugbo cell na-aga n'ihu. E meela nzukọ ahụ na San Francisco, California, Brooklyn, New York, ma na-eme ya ugbu a na Cambridge, [[Másáchusẹts|Massachusetts]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://new-harvest.org/|title=Home|work=New Harvest}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nkwekọrịta Nri na Nri Mmiri ===
Nzukọ nke atọ nke Industrializing Cell-Based Meats &amp; Seafood Summit bụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ na-eduzi na-ejikọta ndị isi na-eme mkpebi site na biotech na teknụzụ nri, na-eduga ụlọ ọrụ nri na anụ, na ndị na-etinye ego iji kwurịta isi ihe ịma aka na teknụgbọ maka mmepe nke anụ na nri mmiri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://industrializingcultivatedmeats.com/|title=Industrializing Cultivated Meats &amp; Seafood Summit|work=4th Industrializing Cultivated Meats &amp; Seafood Summit}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nzukọ sayensị mba ụwa banyere anụ a kụrụ akụ ===
Nzukọ sayensị mba ụwa na anụ a kụrụ akụ malitere na mmekorita ya na Mahadum Maastricht na 2015, ma kpọkọta otu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị ọkachamara n'ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa iji gosipụta nyocha na mmepe ọhụrụ na anụ a na-azụ akụ. A na-eme ya kwa afọ na Maastricht, [[Netherlands]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.culturedmeatconference.com/|title=International Conference on Cultured Meat|work=International Conference on Cultured Meat|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-01-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nzukọ Ezigbo Nri ===
Nzukọ GFI bụ ihe omume lekwasịrị anya n'ịkwalite ahịa nke anụ dị ọcha na nke dị ọcha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.goodfoodconference.com|title=Good Food Conference 2018|work=goodfoodconference.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nzukọ Nzukọ Anụ Ọdịbendị ===
Cultured Meat Symposium bụ nzukọ e nwere na Silicon Valley na-eme ka nghọta kachasị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka mgbanwe anụ dị ọcha pụta ìhè. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kulr8.com/story/39177932/cultured-meat-symposium-announces-cell-based-meat-conference-planned-for-november-2018|title=Cultured Meat Symposium Announces Cell-Based Meat Conference Planned for November 2018|publisher=KULR8|accessdate=2024-07-12|archivedate=2018-10-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011133405/http://www.kulr8.com/story/39177932/cultured-meat-symposium-announces-cell-based-meat-conference-planned-for-november-2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://cms21.io/|title=CMS21 – Cultured Meat Symposium|work=CMS21|accessdate=2024-07-12|archivedate=2024-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240827174834/https://cms21.io/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe ngosi protein ọzọ ===
The Alternative Protein Show bụ &quot;ihe omume netwọk&quot; iji mee ka mmekorita dị mfe na &quot;New Protein Landscape&quot;, nke gụnyere ọrụ ugbo nke osisi na nke cellular.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://newprotein.org/|title=The KET Maps — FoodTech Industry Landscapes|work=The KindEarth.Tech Maps}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nzukọ Nri Ọhụrụ ===
Nzukọ Nri Ọhụrụ bụ ihe omume na-elekwasị anya na ụlọ ọrụ nke na-achọ ime ka ngwa ngwa ma nye ike ihe ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ngwaahịa anụmanụ site n'ịchịkọta ndị isi. Ọ bụ nzukọ mbụ na nke kachasị ukwuu na Europe na ngwọta protein ọhụrụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.new-food-conference.com/|title=New Food Conference|work=www.new-food-conference.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Na mgbasa ozi ==

=== Akwụkwọ ===

:* Clean Meat: How Growing Meat Without Animals Will Revolutionize Dinner and the World bụ akwụkwọ gbasara ọrụ ugbo cellular nke onye na-ahụ maka anụmanụ bụ Paul Shapiro (onye edemede)  dere. Akwụkwọ ahụ na-enyocha ụlọ ọrụ mmalite ndị na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a maka mmepụta ngwaahịa ugbo cellular. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://cleanmeat.com/|title=Clean Meat - The Bestselling Book by Paul Shapiro|work=cleanmeat.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Clean-Meat/Paul-Shapiro/9781501189081|title=Clean Meat|date=2 January 2018|isbn=9781501189081|author=Shapiro|first=Paul}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haU3Y9ooPZ8|title=Cultured Meat and Future Food Podcast Episode 03: Paul Shapiro|author=Cultured Meat Future Food|date=8 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
:* Meat Planet: Artificial Flesh and the Future of Food nke Benjamin Aldes Wurgaft bụ nsonaazụ nke afọ ise na-eme nchọpụta maka ọrụ ugbo cellular, ma na-enyocha ọchụchọ iji mepụta anụ na ụlọ nyocha, na-ajụ ihe ọ pụtara iche n'echiche na nke a bụ ọdịnihu nke nri. Ọ bụ Mahadum California Press bipụtara ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520295537/meat-planet?mc_cid=4282227b23&amp;mc_eid=00ba3967ba|title=Meat Planet|date=September 2019|isbn=9780520295537|language=en|author=Wurgaft|first=Benjamin Aldes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
:* ''Ebee ka hot dogs si bịa? Akwụkwọ Ụmụaka Banyere Ọrụ Ugbo Cellular'' nke Anita Broellochs, Alex Shirazi na Illustrated nke Gabriel Gonzalez na-agbanwe ezinụlọ BBQ ka ọ bụrụ akụkọ sayensị na-akọwa etu esi eme hot dogs na teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo cellular. E wepụtara akwụkwọ ahụ na Kickstarter na July 20, 2021.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenqueen.com.hk/where-do-hot-dogs-come-from-childrens-book/|title=This Children's Book Wants To Inspire Future Cell-Based Meat Makers|author=Green Queen Media|date=30 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://thespoon.tech/food-tech-news-food-waste-sneakers-cell-ag-childrens-book-and-bon-appetits-new-app/|title=Food Tech News: Food Waste Sneakers, Cell-Ag Children's Book, and Bon Appétit's New App|author=The Spoon|date=31 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Podcasts ===

* Cultured Meat and Future Food bụ pọdkastị banyere anụ dị ọcha na teknụzụ nri n'ọdịnihu nke Alex Shirazi kwadoro, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alex Shirazi {{!}} User Experience Designer|url=https://alexshirazi.com/|accessdate=2021-08-15|work=alexshirazi.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye na-emepụta ahụmịhe onye ọrụ mkpanaka nke dị na Menlo Park, California, onye ọrụ ya ugbu a na-elekwasị anya na teknụgbọ ahịa. Podcast ahụ na-egosi ajụjụ ọnụ na ndị ọkachamara ụlọ ọrụ sitere na mmalite, ndị na-etinye ego, na ndị na-enweghị uru na-arụ ọrụ n'ọrụ ugbo cellular.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cleanmeatpodcast.com/|title=Cultured Meat and Future Food|work=cleanmeatpodcast.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC33S_Bjg2Hs1tuqDdABjf0Q|title=Cultured Meat Future Food|work=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkụ ndị yiri ya nke nyocha na mmepụta ==

* Ọdịbendị nri microbes na mmepụta microbial nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa (dịka nke ududo silk&lt;ref name=&quot;spider-silk&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Spider silk made by photosynthetic bacteria|url=https://phys.org/news/2020-07-spider-silk-photosynthetic-bacteria.html|accessdate=16 August 2020|work=phys.org|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Foong Higuchi-Takeuchi Malay Oktaviani p. 357&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Foong|first=Choon Pin|title=A marine photosynthetic microbial cell factory as a platform for spider silk production|journal=Communications Biology|volume=3|issue=1|date=2020-07-08|issn=2399-3642|doi=10.1038/s42003-020-1099-6|pmid=32641733}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma ọ bụ protein powder nke anyanwụ) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Growing food with air and solar power: More efficient than planting crops|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-food-air-solar-power-efficient.html|accessdate=11 July 2021|work=Phys.org|language=en|date=June 22, 2021|first=Bob|author=Yirka}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Leger|first=Dorian|title=Photovoltaic-driven microbial protein production can use land and sunlight more efficiently than conventional crops|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=29 June 2021|volume=118|issue=26|pages=e2015025118|doi=10.1073/pnas.2015025118|pmid=34155098|language=en|issn=0027-8424}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Nchịkọta onwe onye nke protein osisi (dịka nke ududo silk yiri nke protein-based plastic)  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title='Vegan spider silk' provides sustainable alternative to single-use plastics|url=https://phys.org/news/2021-06-vegan-spider-silk-sustainable-alternative.html|accessdate=11 July 2021|work=phys.org|language=en|date=June 10, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;10.1038/s41467-021-23813-6&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Kamada|first=Ayaka|title=Controlled self-assembly of plant proteins into high-performance multifunctional nanostructured films|journal=Nature Communications|date=10 June 2021|volume=12|issue=1|pages=3529|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-23813-6|pmid=34112802|language=en|issn=2041-1723}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ngwakọta aka na-enweghị mkpụrụ ndụ (lee Biobased economy#Agriculture) 
* Nri ndị na-eṅomi (dịka anụ yiri anụ na mmiri ara ehi) 

== Ebem si dee ==

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      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Suvendu_Adhikari_West_Bengal_India.jpg|Suvendu_Adhikari_West_Bengal_India.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Yann|Yann]] because: per [[:c:COM:NETCOPYVIO|]].</comment>
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[[File:Signature of Suvendu Adhikari (English).png]]

Suvendu Adhikari (amụrụ 15 Disemba 1970) [1] bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị India sitere na Bharatiya Janata Party onye bụ onye ndu ugbu a nke mmegide na West Bengal Legislative Assembly kemgbe 2021 na onye otu West Bengal omebe iwu omebe iwu sitere na Nandigram Assembly constituency kemgbe 2021. sitere na Contai South (mpaghara Vidhan Sabha) site na 2006 ruo 2009&lt;ref name=&quot;HT_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Manral|first=Karan|title=Mamata Banerjee challenges Suvendu Adhikari's Nandigram win in Calcutta High Court|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mamata-banerjee-challenges-suvendu-adhikari-s-nandigram-win-in-calcutta-hc-101623948924307.html|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=Hindustan Times|date=17 June 2021|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ rụrụ ọrụ mbụ dị ka onye minista ụgbọ njem site na 2016 ruo 2020, mmiri mmiri na mmiri sitere na 2018 ruo 2020 na Gọọmenti West Bengal. Ọ bụkwa onye otu Lok Sabha sitere na Tamluk site na 2009 ruo 2016 na onye isi oche nke Jute Corporation of India site na 2020 ruo 2021. Ọ bụbu onye otu Trinamool Congress site na 1998 ruo 2020 na Indian National Congress site na 1995 ruo 1998. bụ nwa Sisir Adhikari, onye omeiwu na onye bụbu Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka mmepe ime obodo na gọọmentị Manmohan Singh..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Bhattacharya|first=Ravik|title=Had no work, say former TMC ministers in UPA govt|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/kolkata/had-no-work-say-former-tmc-ministers-in-upa-govt/story-u42OCyo4PuSXfNtPwjP3hO.html|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=Hindustan Times|date=23 September 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://westbengalelectionresult.com/suvendu-adhikari-profilecontact-blogs-news-address/469|title=Suvendu Adhikari -Profile|accessdate=20 June 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029035522/http://westbengalelectionresult.com/suvendu-adhikari-profilecontact-blogs-news-address/469|archivedate=29 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/Result2021/ConstituencywiseS25210.htm?ac=210|accessdate=2 May 2021|work=results.eci.gov.in|archivedate=3 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503202328/https://results.eci.gov.in/Result2021/ConstituencywiseS25210.htm?ac=210}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nandigram Election Result 2021 LIVE: Nandigram MLA Election Result &amp; Vote Share - Oneindia|url=https://www.oneindia.com/nandigram-assembly-elections-wb-210/|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=OneIndia|archivedate=27 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627210242/https://www.oneindia.com/nandigram-assembly-elections-wb-210/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Nandigram Assembly Election Results 2021 LIVE - Nandigram Vidhan Sabha Election Results|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/nandigram-west-bengal-election-result-2021|work=Times Now|accessdate=29 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Adhikari na 15 Disemba 1970 nye Sisir Adhikari na Gayatri Adhikari na Karkuli na mpaghara Purba Medinipur na West Bengal. Sisir Adhikari bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye bụbu onye isi ala na ozi nke abụọ Manmohan Singh wee họpụta ya na Lok Sabha site na mpaghara Kanthi na 2019.[8][9] Adhikari alụbeghị di.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=ভাইরা বিয়ে করলেও অকৃতদার তিনি, জানুন কেমন শুভেন্দুর সংসার|url=https://bangla.aajtak.in/elections/west-bengal-assembly-elections/story/former-wb-minister-suvendu-adhikary-explained-why-he-unmarried-255166-2020-12-16|accessdate=28 May 2023|work=Aaj Tak বাংলা|date=16 December 2020|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Otu n'ime ụmụnne Suvendu, Soumendu, bụ onyeisi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ime obodo. &lt;ref name=&quot;AN&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nandigram: Trinamool's stronghold, one family's stranglehold|url=https://newsable.asianetnews.com/india/judge-loya-death-supreme-court-dismisses-probe-into-the-death-p7fdmb|publisher=Asia Net News|accessdate=27 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dibyendu Adhikari, onye a họpụtara na Lok Sabha na 2019 site na mpaghara Tamluk, bụkwa nwanne ya nwoke.

Adhikari nwetara nzere Master of Arts na Netaji Subhas Open University. &lt;ref name=&quot;LS&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suvendu Adhikari|url=https://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=4501&amp;lastls=16|publisher=Lok Sabha|accessdate=22 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mbụ ==
A họpụtara Adhikari na mbụ dị ka onye kansụl site na Indian National Congress na Adaver Municipality na 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=The importance of being Suvendu Adhikari: Why the TMC strongman is miffed with the party leadership|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/the-importance-of-being-suvendu-adhikari-why-the-tmc-strongman-is-miffed-with-the-party-leadership/684054|accessdate=17 December 2020|work=Times Now|date=19 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2006, a họpụtara Adhikari ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu nke West Bengal site na mpaghara Ada Dakshin. Ọ ghọkwara onye isi oche nke obodo Ada n'otu afọ ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;LS&quot;/&gt;

Na 2007, Adhikari butere ngagharị iweta ala na Nandigram. Ọ duru kọmitii Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh. Gọọmentị Left Front na-achị na West Bengal mere atụmatụ inweta ala 10,000 n'ime obodo iji guzobe mpaghara akụ na ụba pụrụ iche.[12][13][14] Usoro a mere ka Mamata Banerjee banye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị etiti nke Bengali.[14] CID steeti boro ebubo na Adhikari enyela ndị Maoist ngwa agha ka ha bute ngagharị iwe megide gọọmentị steeti ahụ.

Mgbe Adhikari nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na Nandigram, Banerjee mere ya onye na-ekiri (na-ahụ maka) nke Jangal Mahal ya bụ Paschim Medinipur, Purulia na Bankura. O nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịgbasawanye isi pati ahụ na mpaghara ndị a.&lt;ref name=&quot;HT&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=From Nandigram to Murshidabad - Suvendu Adhikari is Mamata Banerjee's all weather man|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/from-nandigram-to-murshidabad-suvendu-adhikari-is-mamata-banerjee-s-all-weather-man/story-kNqePhKEQzC9SE9BpPs34M.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|accessdate=27 April 2019|date=26 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2009, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu Lok Sabha site na mpaghara Tamluk.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=In Contai, it's family first for Trinamool's Sisir Adhikary|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/in-contai-it-s-family-first-for-trinamool-s-sisir-adhikary/537544/|work=[[Indian Express]]|accessdate=27 April 2019|date=5 November 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; O meriri onye iro ya kacha nso Lakshman Set nke Communist Party of India (Marxist) site na ihe dị ka vootu 173,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;SA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 May 2009|title=Nandigram swings two seats in East Midnapore in Trinamool's favour|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/nandigram-swings-two-seats-in-east-midnapore/461025/|accessdate=30 July 2009|publisher=Indian Express 17 May 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na ntuli aka nke 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly, Adhikari zutere Abdul Kadir Sheikh nke Left Front - Indian National Congress alliance na Nandigram constituency.&lt;ref name=&quot;ET&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Trinamool Congress confident of victory in Nandigram|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/trinamool-congress-confident-of-victory-in-nandigram/articleshow/52103488.cms?from=mdr|work=[[The Economic Times]]|accessdate=27 April 2019|date=4 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe a họpụtara ya, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka onye omeiwu si na mpaghara Tamluk. A ṅụrụ ya iyi dị ka Minista nke Transport na Ozi nke Abụọ nke Mamata Banerjee na 27 Mee 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=List of Ministers in Mamata's cabinet|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/list-of-ministers-in-mamatas-cabinet/article8654872.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=30 April 2019|date=27 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adhikari gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onye isi oche nke Hooghly River Bridge Commission (HRBC), otu iwu kwadoro n'okpuru Gọọmentị nke West Bengal na 26 Nọvemba 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/tmc-mla-suvendu-adhikari-resigns-transport-irrigation-minister-1744603-2020-11-27|title=TMC's Suvendu Adhikari steps down as Bengal minister a day after resigning as Hooghly commission chairman|publisher=India Today|date=27 November 2020|accessdate=27 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm dị ka Minista Na-ahụ Maka Njem na West Bengal na 27 Nọvemba 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/west-bengal-tmc-rebel-leader-suvendu-adhikari-resigns-as-transport-minister-in-mamata-govt/687503|title=West Bengal: TMC rebel leader Suvendu Adhikari resigns as Transport Minister from Mamata govt|publisher=Times Now|date=27 November 2020|accessdate=27 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nyefere onye na-ekwuchitere West Bengal Legislative Assembly dị ka MLA na 16 Disemba 2020 nke onye na-ekwupụta ya na mbụ n'ihi nkà na ụzụ. Otú ọ dị, a nabatara ya na 21 Disemba 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Sanyal|first=Anindita|date=16 December 2020|title=Trinamool's Suvendu Adhikari Quits As MLA Amid Reports He Will Join BJP|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/trinamool-dissident-suvendu-adhikari-resigns-as-mla-amid-reports-he-will-switch-to-bjp-2339450|work=NDTV|accessdate=5 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2020, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'òtù All India Trinamool Congress.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Didi aide Suvendu Adhikari exits TMC, sparks a spate of resignations|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/didi-aide-suvendu-adhikari-exits-tmc-sparks-a-spate-of-resignations/articleshow/79787773.cms|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=The Times of India|date=18 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Phadikar|first=Anshuman|date=6 July 2021|title=Suvendu Adhikari meets victims of post-poll violence in East Midnapore|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/suvendu-adhikari-meets-victims-of-post-poll-violence-in-east-midnapore/cid/1821357|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=6 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 19 Disemba 2020, ọ sonyeere Bharatiya Janata Party n'ihu Minista Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Dị n'Ime Amit Shah.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=অমিত শাহের হাত ধরে বিজেপিতে যোগদান করলেন শুভেন্দু অধিকারী সহ ৯ জন বিধায়ক|url=https://banglahunt.com/subhendu-join-bjp-with-9-mla/|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=Bangla Hunt|date=19 December 2020|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2021 Nhọrọ Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke West Bengal ===
O meriri onye isi minista nke West Bengal Mamata Banerjee na oche nzukọ Nandigram na ntuli aka nke 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly site na votu 1,956.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Nandigram election result 2021: Suvendu Adhikari beats Mamata by 1,736 votes|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/mamata-vs-suvendu-all-eyes-on-nandigram-as-counting-underway-in-west-bengal/articleshow/82350838.cms|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=The Times of India|date=2 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mamata Banerjee etinyela akwụkwọ mkpesa na ụlọ ikpe dị elu nke Calcutta na-agbagha mkpebi ikpe nke Nandigram.&lt;ref name=&quot;HT_1&quot;/&gt;

Na 10 Mee, Minista Union Ravi Shankar Prasad kwupụtara Suvendu Adhikari dị ka onye ndú nke ndị omeiwu BJP na nzukọ West Bengal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Suvendu Adhikari Elected Opposition Leader In West Bengal Assembly|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/suvendu-adhikari-elected-opposition-leader-in-west-bengal-assembly-2438995|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=NDTV|date=10 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ banyere ntuli aka ==

* 1995: A họpụtara ya dị ka onye kansụl site na Indian National Congress na Contai Municipality Obodo nta Contai
* 2006: A họpụtara ya na West Bengal Vidhan Sabha, site na Ada Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)  dị ka onye otu AITC .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=जानिए कौन हैं शुभेंदु अधिकारी, जिन्होंने ममता को दिया जोर का झटका; कभी उनकी सरकार में थे नंबर 2|url=https://hindi.asianetnews.com/gallery/national-news/know-who-is-suvendu-adhikari-who-resign-as-tmc-mla-west-bengal-kpp-qlfk7c|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd|date=16 December 2020|language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;  
** Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'etiti oge iji sonye na Lok Sabha
* 2009: A họpụtara ya na Lok Sabha, site na Tamluk (Lok Sabha constituency), onye otu AITC (All India Trinamool Congress) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Chowdhury|first=Santanu|date=27 November 2020|title=Explained: The importance of Suvendu Adhikari — to Trinamool Congress and BJP|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-importance-of-minister-suvendu-adhikari-to-trinamool-bjp-7051063/|work=The Indian Express|accessdate=29 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* 2014: A họpụtara ya na Lok Sabha, site na Tamluk (Lok Sabha constituency)  Tamluk (Mpaghara Lok Sabha) 
** Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'etiti oge iji sonye na Vidhan Sabha
* 2016: A họpụtara ya na West Bengal Vidhan Sabha, site na Nandigram (Vidhan Sabha constituency) , onye otu AITC &lt;ref name=&quot;result&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Mamata Banerjee Loses To Suvendu Adhikari In Nandigram, Will Go To Court|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/mamata-banerjee-wins-close-battle-in-nandigram-defeats-suvendu-adhikari-2426442|accessdate=29 May 2022|work=NDTV|date=3 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* 2021: A họpụtara ya na West Bengal Vidhan Sabha site na ịkụ Mamata, site na Nandigram (Vidhan Sabha constituency) , onye otu BJP &lt;ref name=&quot;result&quot; /&gt; 

== Arụmụka ==

=== Aghụghọ Saradha ===

== Hụkwa ==

* 2021 Nandigram esemokwu
* Mukul Roy
* Arjun Singh
* Saumitra Khan
* Rajib Banerjee

== Ihe edeturu ==
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== Ebem si dee ==

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{{Databox}}'''Alessandro Orlando''' (amuru 1 June 1970) bu onye okacha amara [[Footbọl|n'egwuregwu]] ndi Italy nke gbara onye mgbachitere .

A ngwa ngwa, nkà, ike, na ike na-akpasu iwe aka ekpe-azụ, na ike ogbunigwe na ezi usoro, o mere nke ọma n'inye ogologo ngafe na crosses na-aga n'ihu na na-eme mwakpo na-agba ọsọ n'akụkụ. N'agbanyeghị na ọ na-akpasu iwe na ike ịmepụta ihe, ọ naghị agbanwe agbanwe mgbe ụfọdụ, Otú ọ dị, ọ naghị adị irè n'ịgbachitere ya, ebe ọ na-agbakarị mgba n'otu n'otu n'otu ọnọdụ na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụ onye na-agbakarị ụkwụ aka ekpe, ọ bụkwa onye na-agba bọọlụ n'efu . &lt;ref name=&quot;luirig.altervista.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://luirig.altervista.org/enciclopedia-online/index.php?lemma=Alessandro%20Orlando|title=Alessandro Orlando|language=Italian|work=luirig.altervista.org/enciclopedia-online|accessdate=16 April 2015|archivedate=16 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416203438/http://luirig.altervista.org/enciclopedia-online/index.php?lemma=Alessandro%20Orlando}}&lt;/ref&gt; &gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html{{Cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1991/10/29/il-baggio-perduto.html|title=IL BAGGIO PERDUTO|work=La Repubblica|language=Italian|author=MAURIZIO CROSETTI|date=29 October 1991|accessdate=3 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Ọrụ mmalite ===
Mgbe ọ malitesịrị ọrụ ya n'akụkụ ndị ntorobịa Udinese, Orlando mere ngosipụta 3 na ndị isi Udinese n'oge 1987 – 88 na oge 1988 – 89 Serie B. &lt;ref name=&quot;Calciatore: Orlando, Alessandro&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.legaseriea.it/it/serie-a-tim/calciatore?p_p_id=BDC_dettaglio_calciatore_WAR_LegaCalcioBDC&amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;p_p_state=normal&amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;_BDC_dettaglio_calciatore_WAR_LegaCalcioBDC_idPersona=6986|title=Calciatore: Orlando, Alessandro|work=legaseriea.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419081642/http://www.legaseriea.it/it/serie-a-tim/calciatore?p_p_id=BDC_dettaglio_calciatore_WAR_LegaCalcioBDC&amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;p_p_state=normal&amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;_BDC_dettaglio_calciatore_WAR_LegaCalcioBDC_idPersona=6986|archivedate=19 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; E mechara mbinye ya na Parma, na-eme ngosi 13 ma na-enye ihe mgbaru ọsọ, na-ejikwa nkwalite Serie A n'oge oge 1989-90 . &lt;ref name=&quot;Calciatore: Orlando, Alessandro&quot; /&gt; Na njedebe nke nkwekọrịta mbinye ego ya, ọ laghachiri na Udinese na-eme ngosi 30 na Serie B. {{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html &quot;Alessandro Orlando&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Calciatore: Orlando, Alessandro&quot; /&gt;

=== Laghachi na Udinese na ọrụ emechaa ===
Orlando laghachiri na Udinese maka oge 1996-97, ebe o mere ngosi 22, na-enyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ aka na njedebe nke ise na Serie A. A na-ere ya na Treviso ọhụrụ a kwalitere na Serie B n'oge na-esote, mgbe ọ na-eme ihe ngosi abụọ. Udinese. Ọ nọrọ oge abụọ na Treviso na Serie B, na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ 5 na ngosi 50. N'oge okpomọkụ nke 2000, ọ kwagara Cagliari, bụ ebe ọ na-eme nanị asatọ ngosi n'oge ọ bụla naanị oge ya na ụlọ ọrụ, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Giocatore – Alessandro Orlando|url=http://www.archiviorossoblu.it/index.php?contenuti=giocatori&amp;id_g=alessandro-orlando-77|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416205010/http://www.archiviorossoblu.it/index.php?contenuti=giocatori&amp;id_g=alessandro-orlando-77|archivedate=2015-04-16|accessdate=16 April 2015|work=archiviorossoblu.it|language=Italian}}&lt;/ref&gt; mechara kwaga Padova na Serie C1 . Ọ na-egwuri egwu oge abụọ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na-eme ngosi 42, na-enweghị ihe mgbaru ọsọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://100anni.padovacalcio.it/calciopadova.php?sez=5&amp;c=2s&amp;nome=Orlando%20A.|title=Orlando A.|work=padovacalcio.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mechara kwaga Pordenone na emesia Cologna Veneta. Na 2004, Serie D club Tamai bịanyere aka na ya, ebe ọ nọrọ oge atọ, tupu ya na Manzanese nọrọ oge ikpeazụ nke ọrụ ya, ebe ọ lara ezumike nká mgbe oge 2007-08 gasịrị. &lt;ref name=&quot;Alessandro Orlando&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html &quot;Alessandro Orlando&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mkpokọta, o mere ngosi ọrụ 102 na Serie A, na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ 1, na ngosipụta 104 na Serie B, na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ 5.{{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html &quot;Alessandro Orlando&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Ọ bụ ezie na Orlando apụtaghị maka ndị isi Italytali, o mere otu ngosipụta ya na ndị Italy n'okpuru-21 na 29 Jenụwarị 1992, na mgbapụ megide Gris . Ọ nọchitere anya Italy na 1992 Summer Olympics, n'agbanyeghị na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ pụtara n'oge asọmpi ahụ, na-egwu naanị na pre-olympic enyi na enyi megide Egypt . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.figc.it/nazionali/DettaglioConvocato?codiceConvocato=768&amp;squadra=7|title=Nazionale in Cifre: Orlando, Alessandro|work=figc.it|publisher=FIGC|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416221136/http://www.figc.it/nazionali/DettaglioConvocato?codiceConvocato=768&amp;squadra=7|archivedate=16 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ nkuzi ==
Na 2008, Orlando goro dị ka onye njikwa ọkpụkpọ maka ASD Flumiganio, otu obere nkewa na Njikọ Promozione na Friuli-Venezia Giulia. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tremilasport.com/calcio-dilettanti-2/giudice-sportivo-altre-due-giornate-ad-alessandro-orlando/|title=Giudice Sportivo: altre due giornate ad Alessandro Orlando|work=tremilasport.com|language=Italian|date=30 November 2012|accessdate=16 April 2015|archivedate=11 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211112606/http://www.tremilasport.com/calcio-dilettanti-2/giudice-sportivo-altre-due-giornate-ad-alessandro-orlando/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na June 2013, mgbe oge nke ise ya gasịrị, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tremilasport.com/calcio-dilettanti-2/cambio-della-guardia-a-flumignano-caporiacco-e-sevegliano/|title=Cambio della guardia a Flumignano, Caporiacco e Sevegliano|work=tremilasport.com|language=Italian|date=6 June 2013|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malite na oge 2013 – 14, akpọrọ ya onye njikwa ọkpụkpọ nke akụkụ Friulian Promozione ASD Svegliano.

== Nkwanye ugwu ==

=== Klọb ===
'''Sampdoria'''{{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html &quot;Alessandro Orlando&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

* Supercoppa Italiana : 1991 .

'''AC Milan''' {{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html &quot;Alessandro Orlando&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

* Serie A : 1993–94 .
* Supercoppa Italiana : 1994 .
* UEFA Champions League : 1993–94 .

'''Juventus''' {{Cite web|url=http://www.magliarossonera.it/protagonisti/Gioc-Orlandoa.html|title=Alessandro Orlando|work=magliarossonera.it|language=Italian|accessdate=16 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Serie A : 1994–95 .
* Coppa Italia : 1994–95 .

* Coppa Italia : 1995–96 .

== Ntụaka ==
mere otu ngosipụta ya na ndị Italy n'okpuru-21 na 29 Jenụwarị 1992, na mgbapụ megide Gris . Ọ nọchitere{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170111002125/https://playerhistory.com/player/7790/ Nchịkọta ọrụ site na playerhistory.com]
[[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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'''Adamou Ndam Njoya''' (8 Mee 1942 - 7 Maachị 2020) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye ọka iwu, onye edemede na prọfesọ. Ọ bụ onye minista na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ mba site na 1977 ruo 1980, yana Onye isi ala Cameroon Democratic Union ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na Machị 7 2020.Nwunye ya bụ Patricia Tomaïno Ndam Njoya nọchiri ya dị ka onye isi obodo Foumban, ọnọdụ ọ na-enwe kemgbe 1996. Site na 1997 ruo 2007, ọ bụ osote na National Assembly. Ọ garaghị nke ọma dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ntuli aka 1992, 2004, 2011 na 2018.

== Mmụta ==
A mụrụ Ndam Njoya na Njika, Foumban, West Province, Cameroon, na 8 May 1942. Ọ nwetara akwụkwọ mbụ ya na Foumban na Nkongsamba na akara ugo mmụta ya na General Leclerc College na Yaoundé. Ọ gara France maka agụmakwụkwọ ya dị elu, nata nzere MA na PhD na iwu mba ụwa ọha na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum Paris (Panthéon). Ndam Njoya gụrụ diplomacy na Institut International d'Administration Publique (IIAP), soro internship atọ, ya na Ministry of Foreign Affairs nke France, na French Embassy na London, na International Organisation na United Nations European ụlọ ọrụ na Geneva, tupu. laghachi Cameroon na 1969.

== Ọrụ gọọmentị ==
Ndam Njoya bụ odeakwụkwọ nke Minista na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara mba ọzọ n'oge dị mkpirikpi site na 1969 ruo 1970. Ọ sonyeere ngalaba iwu na Mahadum nke Yaoundé na 1970.  Ndam Njoya rụrụ ọrụ maka Carnegie Endowment for International Peace na Cameroon dị ka onye nduzi nke mmemme ọzụzụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site na 1970 ruo 1972, &lt;ref name=&quot;Gov&quot; /&gt; nyekwara aka mepụta International Relations Institute of Cameroon (IRIC); ọ bụ onye nduzi mbụ nke IRIC  site na 1972 ruo 1975.Ọ ghọrọ onye otu Economic and Social Council of Cameroon na 1974, wee họpụta ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi na gọọmentị akpọrọ na 30 June 1975.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gov&quot; /&gt;

Na Disemba 1977, a họpụtara Ndam Njoya dị ka Minista nke Mmụta Mba. Mgbalị ya iwebata stringency na omume n'ime usoro mmụta zutere nguzogide, karịsịa site n'aka ezinụlọ ndị bara ọgaranya Francophone bụ ndị ejiri ego mkpali na-ekpebi ihe ịga nke ọma nke ụmụ ha na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na post-primary. Na Julaị 1980, n'okpuru nrụgide dị otú ahụ, Onye isi ala Ahmadou Ahidjo wepụrụ ya dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ mba wee họpụta ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya onye isi oche maka nyocha izugbe nke steeti na mgbanwe nchịkwa, ọkwa na-enweghị ike.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Cabinet Reshuffle in Cameroon&quot; ''Radio Yaounde: BBC Summary of World Broadcasts'' (19 July 1980) British Broadcasting Corporation.&lt;/ref&gt; Na Jenụwarị 1982, Ahidjo chụpụrụ ya n'ọchịchị. 

== Ọrụ edemede ==
Site na 1982 ruo 1990 Ndam Njoya lekwasịrị anya na ide na nkuzi ya yana inye oge ya maka mbọ enyemaka. Odewo n'ihe gbasara iwu, sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụkọ ihe mere eme, mmekọrịta mba ụwa na echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, yana akụkụ ihe nkiri, abụ, na akụkọ ifo. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye otu Executive Bureau nke UNESCO site na 1985 ruo 1989,  ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche nke ndị ọka ikpe nke Grand Prix of Literary Associations 2014.

=== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ===

* Ndam Njoya, Adamou (1975) ''Ekpere na abụ otuto nye Chineke'' Ndam na Raynier, Yaoundé, Cameroon;
* Ndam Njoya, Adamou (1976) ''Cameroon na mmekọrịta mba ụwa'' Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence, Paris,  ;  
* Ndam Njoya, Adamou (1977) ''Njoya: Onye Ndozigharị nke alaeze Bamoun '' N.E.A. (New African editions), Abidjan, Ivory Coast,  ;  
* Ndam Njoya, Adamou (1982) ''Les Amo: nchịkọta abụ '' Ndam na Raynier, Yaounde;
* Ndam Njoya, Adamou (1983) Akwụkwọ edemede nchịkwa na akwụkwọ mmekọrịta mba na mba Editions SOPECAM, Yaoundé, Cameroon;

== Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ==
Na Disemba 1990, Onye isi ala Paul Biya kwekwara ka otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mmegide na Cameroon ọzọ, Ndam Njoya wee malite ịkpọkọta ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwere echiche mgbanwe. Na July 1991, e jidere ya na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị mmegide ndị ọzọ ruo nwa oge, ma a tọhapụrụ ya ngwa ngwa.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Cameroon opposition leaders reportedly detained&quot; ''Africa No. 1: BBC Summary of World Broadcasts'' (9 July 1991) British Broadcasting Corporation.&lt;/ref&gt; Na Septemba 1991, ọ mara ọkwa nguzobe nke Cameroon Democratic Union (Union démocratique du Cameroun, UDC), otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Na nkwupụta pati ya, Ndam Njoya kwusiri ike na ikewapụ gọọmentị na nkwanye ùgwù maka ikike nke ndị ka nta. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Cameroon Democratic Union officially launched&quot;, ''Radio Cameroon: BBC Summary of World Broadcasts'' (13 September 1991) British Broadcasting Corporation.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ndam Njoya bụ onye UDC na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala na Cameroon, nke e mere n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1992, o wee bụrụ onye nke anọ na 3.6% nke votu.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Jua&quot;&gt;Nantang Jua, &quot;The Power Elite, the State, and Transition Politics in Cameroon&quot;, ''Political Liberalization and Democratization in Africa: Lessons from Country Experiences'' (2003), ed. Julius Omozuanvbo Ihonvbere and John Mukum Mbaku, Greenwood Publishing Group, page 97.&lt;/ref&gt; Na Foumban, ebe siri ike ya, ọ nwetara 59% nke votu, mana ihe ịga nke ọma ya dị na West Province, ebe ọ nwetara 68,284 n'ime 107,411 ya niile vootu (17.58% nke votu na West Provincia).&lt;ref&gt;Milton H. Krieger and Joseph Takougang, ''African State and Society in the 1990s: Cameroon's Political Crossroads'' (2000), Westview Press, page 160.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jua&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Joseph-Marie Zambo Belinga, &quot;An explanation of electoral attitudes in Cameroon 1990–92: a new appraisal&quot;, in ''Liberal Democracy and Its Critics in Africa: Political Dysfunction and the Struggle for Social Progress'' (2005), ed. Tukumbi Lumumba-Kasongo, Zed Books, page 51.&lt;/ref&gt;A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi obodo Foumban na Jenụwarị 1996 ntuli aka ime obodo ma bụrụkwa nke a họpụtara ya na National Assembly na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu 1997 dị ka onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị UDC na Noun.&lt;ref name=&quot;Heure&quot; /&gt;

Na 13 Jenụwarị 2001, Ndam Njoya na ndị isi otu ndị ọzọ sonyere na ngagharị iwe na-akwadoghị na Yaoundé megide National Election Observatory, na-ekwenye na ọ gaghị abụ òtù na-adịghị ele mmadụ anya n'ihu. Ndị ọrụ nchekwa gbasasịa ngagharị iwe a, a nwụchiri Ndam Njoya na ndị isi pati ndị ọzọ ruo awa ise.

Na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke e mere n'ụbọchị iri na otu nke ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2004, ndị otu mmegide niile kwetara ịkwado otu onye na-azọ ọkwa megide Biya. Mgbe ndị otu ahụ họpụtara Ndam Njoya, John Fru Ndi wepụrụ Social Democratic Front (SDF) n'ime njikọ ahụ wee gbaa ọsọ iche. N'ihi ya, Ndam Njoya, onye na-anọchite anya njikọ aka nke òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nwetara naanị 4.47% nke votu,  na-etinye nke atọ n'azụ onye SDF John Fru Ndi na 17.4%; Onye isi ala Biya meriri ntuli aka ahụ na 70.9% nke votu, dịka nsonaazụ gọọmentị si dị.&lt;ref name=&quot;Results&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.presidentielle2004.gov.cm/resca.php?cand=13&amp;lang=en|title=2004 Presidential Elections: results page for Adamou Ndam Njoya|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314045419/http://www.presidentielle2004.gov.cm/resca.php?cand=13&amp;lang=en|archivedate=14 March 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dị ka ọ ghọrọ ụkpụrụ na ntuli aka Cameroon, a na-ebo ebubo &quot;nnukwu aghụghọ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Cameroon's Supreme Court confirms Biya's re-election&quot;, Agence France Presse, 25 October 2004.&lt;/ref&gt; Ndam Njoya nwetara akara kachasị mma na West Province, ebe ọ meriri 16.71% nke votu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Results&quot; /&gt;

Kemgbe afọ 2004, Ndam Njoya anọgidewo na-abụ onye isi oche nke Cameroon Democratic Union, na-ekwu okwu megide nrụrụ aka na gọọmentị ma na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ maka ikerịta ọrụ.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Dr. Adamou Ndam Njoya : &quot;Cameroon Still Needs Change&quot;&quot;, ''Cameroon Tribune'', 17 March 2005.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;CDU President Speaks Out&quot;, ''Cameroon Tribune'', 9 March 2006.&lt;/ref&gt; A họpụtara ya ọzọ maka afọ ise ọzọ dị ka onye isi oche CDU na nnọkọ nnọkọ nke Yaoundé, nke ihe dị ka ndị nnọchiteanya 3,000 bịara, na 30 Nọvemba-2 Disemba 2006; ọ dịghị onye ịma aka maka ọnọdụ ahụ.

Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ ugboro abụọ na National Assembly, Ndam Njoya họọrọ ịghara ịzọ ọkwa ọzọ na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke July 2007. Otú ọ dị, ọ gbara ọsọ ọzọ maka ọnọdụ ya dị ka onye isi obodo Foumban  ma họpụta ya ọzọ, na-emeri [[Njankouo Lamere]], osote minista ego. 

Ndam Njoya kwuru n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2007 na aghụghọ ntuli aka emeela ka e nwee ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke na ọ nwere ike iduga n'agha obodo.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/pdfid/4796f9042.pdf &quot;Country of origin information report: Cameroon&quot;], British Border &amp; Immigration Agency, 16 January 2008.&lt;/ref&gt; N'ikwu okwu na 17 Disemba 2007, o gosipụtara mmegide ya na atụmatụ imezigharị iwu iji wepụ oke oge n'ọfịs onye isi ala, na-ekwu na ọ bụ naanị afọ ise abụọ ka a ga-ekwe ka a mee ntuli aka onye isi ala n'okpuru usoro ịtụ vootu abụọ.

Na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke Ọktọba 2011, Ndam Njoya guzoro ọzọ dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa onyeisiala nke Cameroon Democratic Union, mana enweghị nkwado sara mbara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Ndifor, Joseph M.|date=18 September 2011|title=The &quot;Quartet&quot; (John Fru Ndi, Adamou Ndam Njoya, Garga Haman, and Jean-Jacques Ekindi): Their Last Crusade|work=Up Station Mountain Club|url=http://www.postnewsline.com/2011/09/the-quartet-john-fru-ndi-adamou-ndam-njoya-garga-haman-and-jean-jacque-ekindi-their-last-crusade.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ụzọ iwu kwadoro, ọ nwetara 1.73% nke votu wee bụrụ nke anọ, n'azụ John Fru Ndi (nke abụọ) na Garga Haman Adji (nke atọ). Onye isi ala Paul Biya nwetara ihe karịrị 77% nke votu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=9 October 2011 Presidential Election|publisher=African Elections|url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/cm.html#2011_Presidential_Election|accessdate=3 September 2024|archivedate=3 September 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903053954/http://africanelections.tripod.com/cm.html#2011_Presidential_Election}}&lt;/ref&gt; O guzoro ọzọ na Ntuli aka onye isi ala nke afọ 2018,  na-enweta votu 61,220, òkè 1.73% nke ngụkọta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.crtv.cm/2018/08/liste-des-candidats-a-lelection-presidentielle-2018/|title=Liste des candidats à l'élection présidentielle 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Classement des candidats par ordre des suffrages obtenu|language=fr|page=19|work=Cameroon Tribune|accessdate=8 March 2020|url=https://www.camerlex.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/resultat-presidentielle.pdf|author=Camerlex}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na-enweghị mmegide, a họpụtara Ndam Njoya ọzọ site na otuto dị ka onye isi oche nke UDC na 9 Mee 2016 na mgbakọ pati na Yaoundé.

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
N'oge ọnwụ ya, ọ lụrụ [[Patricia Tomaïno Ndam Njoya]], onye ghọrọ onye isi obodo Foumban na 9 Febụwarị 2020. Ndam Njoya hapụrụ ụmụ ise.   

Ọ bụkwa onye na-akwado mkparịta ụka okpukpe ma nọrọ na Board of World Religious Leaders maka The Elijah Interfaith Institute.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://elijah-interfaith.org/|title=Elijah Interfaith, Sharing Wisdom Fostering Peace #MakeFriends|work=elijah-interfaith.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

* Nnukwu ihe nrite nke Òtù Ndị Na-ede Akwụkwọ

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ndam Njoya, Adamou}}
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'''Abel Nguéndé Goumba''' (   ; 18 Septemba 1926 – 11 Mee 2009) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Central Africa. N'ime ngwụcha afọ 1950, ọ chịburu gọọmentị n'oge tupu nnwere onwe pụọ na France, na mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị, ọ bụ onye na-emerighị nke ọma maka Onye isi ala Central African Republic ugboro anọ (1981, 1993, 1999, na 2005). Goumba, onye bụ onye isi otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Patriotic Front for Progress (FPP), jere ozi n'okpuru Onye isi ala François Bozizé dị ka Prime Minister site na Machị 2003 ruo Disemba 2003 wee bụrụ onye isi oche nke Central African Republic site na Disemba 2003 ruo Machị 2005.&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=aSxIDAAAQBAJ Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic]&lt;/ref&gt; N'ikpeazụ, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ ya na 1926 na Grimari, Ouaka Prefecture  na Oubangi-Chari French, nke bụ ugbu a Central African Republic. Ọ bụ dọkịta tozuru oke na onye otu ngalaba ahụike na Bangui.

== Ịbanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ==
Mgbe obodo ahụ ka bụ obodo French, Goumba bụ osote onye isi oche nke Council gọọmentị site na Mee 1957 ruo Julaị 1958, Onye isi oche nke Gọọmenti site na Julaị 1958 ruo Disemba 1958, wee bụrụ Prime Minister nkenke n'ọrụ na Eprel 1959. na-eso ọnwụ Barthélemy Boganda n'ihe mberede ụgbọelu. David Dacko meriri ya n'ọgụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1959 wee ghọọ obere onye ndu otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ gara biri na France site na 1960 ruo 1980. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na World Health Organisation na Rwanda na mgbe ahụ Benin na 1970s; Mgbe ọ nọ na Rwanda, ọ zutere nwunye ya, bụ́ Anne-Marie.. Ọbụna mgbe ọ laghachiri na Central African Republic, a na-ejide ya mgbe ụfọdụ maka ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ya na ndị isi oche niile nke Central African Republic nwere esemokwu ruo 2003 ma ha kwupụtara na ọ bụ onye sabo mba.

== Afọ ndị 1990 ==
Goumba nwere aha ọma maka ịkwụwa aka ọtọ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe. O kwusiri ike mkpa ọ dị ịchịisi n'enweghị nrụrụ aka. Na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke 1981, nke Dacko meriri (bụ onye chụpụrụ naanị ọnwa ole na ole ka e mesịrị), Goumba weere ihe na-erughị 2% nke votu ahụ, mana na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke 1993 ọ nwetara nsonaazụ kacha mma, na-abịa na nke abụọ mana. Ange-Félix Patassé meriri ya na agba ọsọ, nke Goumba nwetara ihe dịka 46% nke votu. Na 1999 o mere nke ọma site na ntụnyere, were naanị ihe dị ka 6% nke votu ma tinye nke anọ, n'azụ Patassé, André Kolingba, na Dacko.&lt;ref name=&quot;Elections&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110927011632/http://africanelections.tripod.com/cf.html Elections in the Central African Republic], African Elections Database.&lt;/ref&gt;

== N'okpuru Bozizé ==
Mgbe Bozizé weghaara ọchịchị na 15 Machị 2003, chụpụrụ Patassé, ọ họpụtara Goumba dị ka praịm minista na 23 Machị. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=42234 &quot;Bozize appoints prime minister&quot;], IRIN, 24 March 2003.&lt;/ref&gt; E guzobere ọchịchị ya na 31 Machị 2003; n'ihe mejupụtara ya, a na-ele ya anya dị ka nkwekọrịta dị n'etiti Bozizé na Goumba, na ọtụtụ ndị agha na ndị ikwu Bozizé nwetara ọkwa dị mkpa ebe ndị ọzọ na-aga ndị mmekọ na ndị enyi nke ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị iche iche na ndị nweere onwe ha a na-ewere dị ka ndị ruru eru. Goumba nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka ego n'onwe ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;caffin&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Les Anciens Ministres {{!}} Ministère des Finances et du Budget|url=https://www.finances.gouv.cf/article/30/les-anciens-ministres|work=www.finances.gouv.cf}}&lt;/ref&gt; National Transitional Council (CNT) jụrụ atụmatụ Goumba chọrọ maka amụma izugbe na 5 Nọvemba 2003, na-ekwu na ebumnobi gọọmentị, yana ụzọ e si emejuputa ebumnuche ndị ahụ, akọwapụtaghị nke ọma na mmemme ahụ. O mere atụmatụ itinye mmemme edegharịrị na 12 Disemba 2003,  mana na 11 Disemba, Bozizé chụpụrụ ya dị ka praịm minista. N'ụbọchị na-esote, a họpụtara Célestin Gaombalet ka ọ nọchie ya;   A họpụtara Goumba dị ka osote onye isi ala. &lt;ref name=&quot;Limoge&quot;&gt;[https://archive.today/20130103103802/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/jeune_afrique/article_jeune_afrique.asp?art_cle=LIN14123abelggomila0 &quot;Abel Goumba limogé&quot;], Jeuneafrique.com, 14 December 2003 {{in lang|fr}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;VP&quot;&gt;[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=47669 &quot;New premier forms government, Goumba appointed VP&quot;], IRIN, 15 December 2003.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;VP&quot; /&gt;

== Ntinye aka n'afọ 2005 ==
Ọ bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala nke ugboro anọ na ntuli aka e mere na 13 Machị 2005. A tụghị anya na Goumba ga-emeri;  ọ nwetara ọnọdụ nke isii na 2.51% nke votu.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Fired&quot;&gt;[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=53431 &quot;Bozize sacks his deputy&quot;], IRIN, 16 March 2005.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Elections&quot;/&gt; Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị ise a kwadoro na mbụ site n'ụlọ ikpe iwu na 30 Disemba 2004;  ewepụrụ ndị ọzọ asaa, ọ bụ ezie na e mechara kwe ka isii n'ime ha gbaa ọsọ. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=52551 &quot;Court clears five to run for president&quot;], IRIN, 31 December 2004.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=52788 &quot;Election postponed, but most banned candidates can now run&quot;], IRIN, 25 January 2005.&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 14 Maachị 2005, ụbọchị mgbe ntuli aka ahụ gasịrị, ndị otu mkpokọta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ndị mmegide (CPPO), gụnyere Goumba, bịanyere aka na mkpesa nke ha boro ebubo na aghụghọ mere. Na 15 Maachị, tupu nsonaazụ ntuli aka abịarute, Bozizé chụrụ Goumba n'aka onye isi oche ma kagbuo ọnọdụ ahụ. Dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuru onyeisiala Alain-George Ngatoua si kwuo, nke a bụ n'ihi na iwu e hiwere na December 2004 enyeghị onye osote onye isi ala, na nchụpụ ahụ enweghị njikọ na ogo ọrụ Goumba; Ngatoua kwuru na Bozizé kelere Goumba maka ikwado usoro mgbanwe site na &quot;amamihe na obi ike&quot; ya. Goumba gosipụtara iwe n'ụzọ e si chụpụ ya; o kwuru na onweghị akwụkwọ ozi ọchụchụ a na-enye ya ma chọpụta ya mgbe a kọrọ ya na redio steeti. Echiche Goumba bụ na a ga-edobe ụlọ ọrụ mgbanwe, gụnyere osote onye isi ala ruo mgbe echichi nke gọọmentị a họpụtara ahọpụta.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fired&quot;/&gt;

Goumba gbara ọsọ maka oche site na Kouango na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke afọ 2005, nke emere n'otu oge na ntuliaka onye isi ala, mana e meriri ya;  nwunye ya Anne-Marie meriri oche, Otú ọ dị.  ]

== Ịla ezumike nká ==
A họpụtara nwa Goumba, Alexandre ka ọ nọchie ya dị ka Onye isi oche nke otu ya, Patriotic Front for Progress (FPP), na 5 Maachị 2006, mgbe a họpụtara okenye Goumba ka ọ bụrụ onye ọrụ gọọmentị nke Ombudsman. Dị ka onye nnọchiteanya, ọ kpọrọ gọọmentị ka ya na otu ndị nnupụisi kwurịta okwu mgbe ha jidere Birao na 30 Ọktoba 2006.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;CAR appeals for international help to combat rebels&quot;, Radio France Internationale, 5 November 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;

O gosipụtara mpịakọta mbụ nke akụkọ ndụ ya, na-ekpuchi oge site na 1956 ruo 1959, na 14 Jenụwarị 2007. 

Goumba nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 82 na 11 Mee 2009 n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Bangui mgbe a kpọgara ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ n'uhuruchi gara aga.

== Ihe odide ==
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{{succession box|title={{nowr|Prime Minister of Ubangi-Shari}}&lt;br&gt;{{small|Acting}}|before=[[Barthélemy Boganda]]|after=[[David Dacko]]|years=1959}}
{{succession box|title={{nowr|[[Prime Minister of the Central African Republic]]}}|before=[[Martin Ziguélé]]|after=[[Célestin Gaombalet]]|years=2003}}
{{s-vac|last=[[Henri Maïdou]]}}
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[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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    <title>Agatha na Eziokwu nke Ogbugbu</title>
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{{Infobox television
| image                = 
| image_alt            = 
| caption              = Poster
| genre                = {{plainlist|
*Crime
*Mystery
}}
| creator              = 
| director             = Terry Loane
| writer               = Tom Dalton
| story                = 
| starring             = {{plainlist| &lt;!-- Organized by broadcast opening credits order. --&gt;
* [[Ruth Bradley]]
* [[Pippa Haywood]]
* [[Ralph Ineson]]
* [[Tim McInnerny]]
* [[Blake Harrison]]
* [[Samantha Spiro]]
* Joshua Silver
* Luke Pierre
}}
| theme_music_composer = Andrew Simon McAllister
| country              = United Kingdom
| language             = English
| executive_producer   = {{plainlist|
* Emily Dalton
* Tom Dalton
* Chamoun Issa
}}
| producer             = Brett Wilson
| location             = Northern Ireland
| cinematography       = Damien Elliott
| editor               = {{plainlist|
* Claire Pringle
* Zsófi Tálas
}}
| runtime              = 93 Minutes
| company              = Darlow Smithson Productions
| budget               = 
| network              = [[Channel 5 (British TV channel)|Channel 5]]
| released             = 
| first_aired          = {{Start date|2018|12|23|df=yes}}
| last_aired           = 
}}
Agatha na Eziokwu nke igbu ọchụ bụ ihe nkiri 2018 ọzọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Britain gbasara onye ode akwụkwọ mpụ Agatha Christie na-abanye n'ime ikpe igbu ọchụ n'ezie n'oge ọ ga-efu ụbọchị iri na otu na 1926.[1] Edere Tom Dalton, ọ na-egosi Christie na-enyocha ogbugbu nke nwa nwanyị Florence Nightingale, Florence Nightingale Shore, nke dabere na ezigbo mmadụ na ihe omume,[2] yana etu itinye aka ya na nke a si metụta idebe ya sochirinụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Cook|first=Rosemary|title=The Nightingale Shore Murder|date=7 October 2015|publisher=Troubador|isbn=9781784624040}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ihe nkiri ahụ malitere na Channel 5 na United Kingdom na 23 Disemba 2018; na-aghọ mmemme kachasị ewu ewu na netwọk ahụ n'oge Krismas na mmemme akụkọ ifo nke abụọ kachasị elu n'afọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bhavnani&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Bhavnani|first=Sanjeev|title=Channel 5 delivers best ever ABC1 ratings in 2018|url=https://advanced-television.com/2019/01/02/channel-5-delivers-best-ever-abc1-ratings-in-2018/|work=Advanced Television|date=January 2, 2019|accessdate=6 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụ nke mbụ n'usoro ihe nkiri Christie nke Dalton dere. ''Agatha na ọbụbụ ọnụ nke Ishtar'' na Agatha na igbu ọchụ Midnight sochiri ya.

== Atụmatụ ==
N'afọ 1926, Agatha Christie hụrụ onwe ya n'ọnọdụ siri ike mgbe usoro ihe omuma a na-ahụ anya na-egbochi edemede ya na di ya na-ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi na-akpali ya ịgba alụkwaghịm ọ na-achọghị. Ka ọ na-achọ ụzọ iji mee ka mmepe akwụkwọ akụkọ ya dịghachi ndụ, Mabel Rogers bịakwutere ya, onye na-achọ enyemaka iji dozie ogbugbu e gburu na 1920 nke onye mmekọ ya, Florence Nightingale Shore, onye a kụrụ ya ọnwụ n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ala azụ na mbụ ime nyocha onwe onye, Christie na-aga na nzuzo ka mba ahụ na-achọ ebe ọ nọ.

Na-akpọ onwe ya Mary Westmacott (aha mbụ Christie), ọ na-achịkọta ndị niile a na-enyo enyo na mwakpo ahụ n'ụlọ ime obodo n'okpuru ihe ngọpụ nke ịchọpụta òkè ha nke nnukwu ihe nketa site n'aka onye ọchụnta ego America, ya na onwe ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọka iwu na Mabel na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ụlọ na onye na-esi nri. Ndị a na-enyo enyo gụnyere Daphne Miller, nwa agbọghọ nke ọrụ nọọsụ Florence gaara emebi ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị ndụ; Randolph, nwa nwanne Florence nke ketara ego ya; Zaki Hanachi, onye agha France nke ndị nna nna Algeria nke o nyeere aka ịgbake mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị na onye nwere ike ịrịọ ya ego; Travis Pickford, onye ọkpọ na onye ahịa ojii nke ndị uwe ojii gbara ajụjụ ọnụ; na Oriakụ Pamela Rose, nwanyị Florence na-aga ịhụ. Daphne na nna ya na-emegbu ya bụ Wade, na Mrs. Rose na nwa ya nwoke bụ Franklin, onye bụbu ụkọchukwu. Mabel nwere ike ịchọ akpa ndị ọbịa ahụ, ma chọpụta na Wade Miller nwere ike ịnwe égbè. Iji gbalịa ịmanye ndị ọzọ meghachi omume, Christie kwupụtara mgbe ajụjụ ọnụ mbụ gasịrị na Daphne ga-enweta òkè kachasị ukwuu nke ihe nketa ahụ.

Ihe omume gbanwere mgbe a gbagburu nna Daphne. Detective Inspector Dicks na-abịa na otu onye uwe ojii, na-eme mkpesa na ọ bụ onye na-enweghị enyemaka n'ihi ịchụ nta Agatha Christie, nakwa na n'ihi nke a ọ ga-eme nyocha n'ụlọ kama n'ụlọ ndị uwe ojii. A chọpụtara ngwa ngwa na a chịkọtara ha n'okpuru aghụghọ ụgha, Christie gbanwere akụkọ ya iji kwekọọ. A chọtara Mabel na-ejide ngwá agha igbu ọchụ ma jide ya. Dicks kpughere Christie na ọ maara onye ọ bụ. Ọ makwaara na Daphne gbagburu nna ya. Christie, ebe ọ chọtara nkọwa dị mkpa na akwụkwọ Florence, gwara ya na ọ maara onye wakporo Florence ma rịọ ya maka enyemaka. Ha na-etinye ọnyà iji mee ka Pamela Rose na nwa ya nwoke kweta na ha na-etinye aka. Ọbụna mgbe Dicks na ndị ọzọ nụrụ mkparịta ụka ahụ, ihe akaebe ahụ dị oke obere iji maa ha ikpe, n'agbanyeghị na e nwere ihe akaebe na ha dere akwụkwọ ozi na-emenye Daphne nsogbu itinye égbè ahụ n'ime ụlọ Mabel. Kama nke ahụ, ndị ọzọ na-agba izu ịgha ụgha maka igbu nna Daphne.

Inspector Dicks na-enyere Christie aka ịhazi akụkọ mkpuchi maka ọpụpụ ya ma na-amaghị ama na-enyere ya aka inweta echiche maka akwụkwọ ọhụrụ. E gosipụtara ya ka ọ na-emecha ihe odide nke yiri ka ọ bụ Ọnwụ na Naịl.

== Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ==
 

== Mmepụta ==
Ihe nkiri mere site na 2 October ruo 22 October 2018 na Northern Ireland.[1] Ebe gụnyere Grey Abbey House na Greyabbey, [2] Royal Belfast Golf Course, na Ulster Folk na Transport Museum.[1] Agbagburu ihe nkiri ụgbọ oloko ahụ na Downpatrick na County Down Railway,[3] na-eji ọdụ Downpatrick na Loop Platform, nke ikpeazụ yi uwe dị ka Polegate Junction.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stars of silver screen roll in to railway for Agatha Christie film|url=http://www.thedownrecorder.co.uk/pages/index.asp?title=Stars_of_silver_screen_roll_in_to_railway_for_Agatha_Christie_film|work=[[Down Recorder]]|date=19 December 2018|accessdate=6 February 2019|archivedate=7 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020355/http://www.thedownrecorder.co.uk/pages/index.asp?title=Stars_of_silver_screen_roll_in_to_railway_for_Agatha_Christie_film}}&lt;/ref&gt;   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Brett Wilson mepụtara Agatha na Eziokwu nke igbu ọchụ nke Terry Loane duziri ya, yana kpakpando Ruth Bradley n'ọrụ akpọrọ Agatha Christie.[1] Bradley kwetara na ọ na-enwe nrụgide na-akpọ Christie wee jiri akụkọ ndụ Laura Thompson mee ihe (Agatha Christie: An English Mystery, 2007) &quot;dị ka Akwụkwọ Nsọ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;BelfastT&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ruth Bradley felt 'huge pressure' playing Agatha Christie in new drama|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/entertainment/film-tv/news/ruth-bradley-felt-huge-pressure-playing-agatha-christie-in-new-drama-37652627.html|work=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=22 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe Ndị Na-eso ya ==
Dalton edeela ihe nkiri abụọ ọzọ Agatha na ọnụ nke Ishtar na Agatha na Midnight Murders.

== Ntọhapụ ==

=== Mgbasa ozi ===
''Agatha na Eziokwu nke Ogbugbu'' malitere na UK na Channel 5, na 23 Disemba 2018, na elekere 9 nke ehihie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Munn&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Munn|first=Patrick|url=https://www.tvwise.co.uk/2018/12/channel-5-sets-premiere-date-for-agatha-the-truth-of-murder/|title=Channel 5 Sets Premiere Date For 'Agatha &amp; The Truth Of Murder'|work=TV Wise|date=4 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mgbasa ozi n'ụlọ ===
E wepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na Canada na United States dị ka VOD na Netflix na 31 Jenụwarị 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=January 2019|title=Agatha and the Truth of Murder (2018)|url=https://www.newonnetflix.ca/agatha-and-the-truth-of-murder-2018/|accessdate=6 February 2019|work=NewOnNetflix.Ca|archivedate=7 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207072233/https://www.newonnetflix.ca/agatha-and-the-truth-of-murder-2018/}} 7 February 2019&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Agatha and the Truth of Murder|url=https://usa.newonnetflix.info/info/81047683/s|work=New On Netflix–USA–|date=January 2019|accessdate=6 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ahlam Khudr</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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'''Ahlam Khudr''' (Arabic) bụ onye Sudan na-eme ihe ike na onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.alarabiya.net/ar/arab-and-world/sudan/2019/10/19/موت-ابن-يفتح-دربا-لا-عودة-عنها-أم-أضحت-أيقونة-السودان.html|title=مات ابنها.. قصة أم أضحت أيقونة في السودان|first=العربية|author=نت|date=October 19, 2019|work=العربية نت}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://allshahid.com/?p=10894|title=&quot;بي بي سي&quot; تختار سيدتين سودانيتين ضمن أكثر 100 امرأة إلهاماً لعام 2019|date=October 16, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Egburu nwa nwoke Khudr na ngagharị iwe udo na 2013 (akụkụ nke ngagharị iwe 2011–13 na Sudan). Kemgbe ahụ, ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe ike, na-akpọ onwe ya &quot;nne nke ndị nwụrụ n'ihi okwukwe.&quot; Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nnọkọ ndị dị n'okpuru ala, &quot;a na-eti ya ihe n'ụzọ obi ọjọọ&quot; mgbe ndị ọrụ nchekwa jidere ya&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://stepfeed.com/all-the-arab-women-who-made-it-to-bbc-s-100-women-list-1279|title=All the Arab women who made it to BBC's '100 Women List'|date=October 17, 2019|work=StepFeed|accessdate=December 4, 2024|archivedate=December 27, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227111250/https://stepfeed.com/all-the-arab-women-who-made-it-to-bbc-s-100-women-list-1279}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Disemba 2018, Ahlam Khudr bụ onye dị mkpa na Sudanese Revolution. N'afọ 2019, edepụtara ya n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị 100 nke BBC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.scenearabia.com/Culture/Entrepreneurs-Arab-Women-BBC-100-Most-Influential-2019-Activists|title=From Revolutionaries to Entrepreneurs: 17 Arabs Chosen among BBC’s 100 Women List for 2019|first=ByScene|author=Arabia|work=SceneArabia|accessdate=2024-12-04|archivedate=2023-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408192035/https://scenearabia.com/Culture/Entrepreneurs-Arab-Women-BBC-100-Most-Influential-2019-Activists}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-50042279|title=BBC 100 Women 2019: Who is on the list?|date=October 16, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mantinc el català</title>
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      <comment>King ChristLike moved page [[Nọgide na-asụ Katalan]] to [[Mantinc el català]]: Misspelled title</comment>
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|+ class=&quot;infobox-title fn org&quot; id=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span title=&quot;Catalan-language text&quot;&gt;''Nọgide na-asụ Katalan''&lt;/span&gt;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-image logo&quot; |[[File:Icona_-_Mantinc_el_català.png|frameless]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:0.6em;&quot; |Ọzụzụ
| class=&quot;infobox-data note&quot; |2021
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:0.6em;&quot; |Ebumnuche
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Iji kwalite ịma onwe onye na mgbanwe nke ndị na-asụ Catalan n'ọnọdụ [[diglossia]], [[Language shift|Mgbanwe asụsụ]] ma ọ bụ [[Passive speaker (language)|Asụsụ Abụọ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:0.6em;&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; &quot;&gt;Ógbè&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Catalan Countries|Mba Katalan]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:0.6em;&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; &quot;&gt;Asụsụ gọọmentị&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Katalan
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; style=&quot;padding-right:0.6em;&quot; |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[https://mantincelcatala.cat/ mantincelcatala.cat]
|}
&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Què és la campanya Mantinc el Català?|journal=Aquí Catalunha|url=https://aquicatalunha.cat/que-es-la-campanya-mantinc-el-catala/|date=18 August 2022|accessdate=19 February 2023|language=Catalan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mantinc el català (n'asụsụ Bekee: 'M na-edebe Catalan') bụ nhọrọ, nke na-achọ uru nke ụmụ amaala na-ekesa n'ụdị dị iche iche nke a na-akpọ Mba Katalan, ebe Catalan bụ obodo obodo.[1][2]  Egwuregwu afọ ya na-ezube ịgba ume ka ndị na-adịghachi ndụ n'ihu site n'ime ka ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ Catalan dị ka o kwere mee, zere ịme egwuregwu ha na-papọ ama na (karịsịa) Spanish n'Papa ndị a na-abụ n'okporo ụzọ, azụmahịa, Ụda ọha na eze ma ọ bụ na ndị mbịarambịa.[2][3]  onye nhazi ya bụ Mantinc el català mgbe niile, n'ebe niile na onye ọ mgbasa!  ('M na-edebe Catalan mgbe niile, n'ebe niile na onye ọ mgbasa!').

E akara otu ahụ ahụ na Facebook na 2021, n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ụfọdụ ndị buƙatar ha na-enwe site na ofufe ụka ha na Onye na-ahụ maka ndị na ibe ya na Catalan Carme Junyent i Figueras.  Ọkachamara n'asụsụ ndị pere mpe, Junyent i Figueras akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya El futur del català depèn de tu (Ọdịnihu nke Catalan dabere na gị) ụnwayọ ole na ole tupu ahụ.[1]  Akọnọ nke otu ahụ mechara na ọtụtụ ọwa Mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ, ozi Twitter&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Aranzueque|first=Raül G.|date=14 February 2023|title=Les formigues del català|url=https://www.diaridelallengua.cat/les-formigues-del-catala/|journal=[[Diari de la Llengua]]|language=Catalan|accessdate=19 February 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ na- mgbasa ozi onwe onye na mgbasa ozi iji mee ka iguzosi ike n'ihe ngosi bụ ifụrụ omume (n'ihe ihere ma ọ bụ obi abụọ) n'etiti ndị na-asụ Katalan.[1]  egwú na nke a, ndị otu ya na- egwuri bọọdụ mgbasa ozi n'oge egwuregwu, , na ihe omume a ma ama, yana ụdị ụdị dị iche iche.. &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.manresa.cat/web/noticies/10814-manresa-acollira-el-5-de-novembre-el-creafest22-el-primer-festival-de-creadors-de-continguts-en-catala-a-les-xarxes|title=Manresa acollirà el 5 de novembre el CreaFest22, el primer festival de creadors de continguts en català a les xarxes|accessdate=19 February 2023|language=Catalan|publisher=Ajuntament de Manresa|date=27 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;

== Nkwupụta na okwu ihu ọha ==
Nkà ihe nsogbu ụka ọha na eze nke Mantinc el catallọ dị n'inwe ike nzaghachi na ndị na-eme ajụjụ ndị ọzọ azụ na ojiji nsogbu na eze na onye nke ndị Katalan tachiri obi na iri afọ gara aga.[1][2]  Ọ na- ndị na-ekiri Ikpe ziri ezi nke aha ka ha dọta uche mgbaàmà nke diglossia na ihe ndị doro anya nke akwụkwọ ndị na-adịghị na-agafe agafe, dịka mgbe onye na-asụ ụgha Catalan gbakọrọ aka na Spanish (ma ọ bụ French na North Catalonia, ma ọ bụ Italian na l'Alguer) naanị n'ihi na-eche na onye nwarambịa ma ọ bụ onye nwere ikike anụ ahụ mbụ..&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Julbe|first=Júlia|title=Mantinc el català: el desafiament de no canviar de llengua durant vint-i-un dies seguits|journal=[[Vilaweb]]|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/mantinc-catala-desafiament-mantenir-llengua-diariament-xarxes/|date=24 April 2022|language=Catalan|accessdate=19 February 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

fim ya bụ egwuregwu egwuregwu gaa na Spanish, French na Italian dị ka akara francas site n'ịkwalite ikike nke ncheta na-enwe Catalan na onye ọ llaa n'ime mgbaàmà nke ahụ (ya bụ, DVD nke esemokwu ụka ọ na-ekwu ma ọ bụ nke idé ede, si otú a na-eme ka ezigbo Asụsụ ụgha sie ike).[1][2][3][4]  Mantinc el català na-ekwu na ọ dịghị mkpa ka ndị na-asụ ha ntọala n'okpuru ibe ha site na ndabara n'ihi na akwụkwọ mgbasa Mba Katalan niile na-egosi na n'etiti 60% nke ndị bi na ya (na Northern Catalonia) na ihe ruru 90% ma ọ bụ 97% nke ndị bi (na l'Alguer, Andorra, Valencian Islands, Catalonia, Catalonia, Spain, Catalonia).)  &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=15 November 2020|first=Alà|language=ca|author=Baylac|title=Ressuscitar el català a Catalunya Nord|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/ressuscitar-el-catala-a-catalunya-nord/|work=[[Vilaweb]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=9 May 2017|language=ca|title=El 77% dels algueresos vol saber català i fer-lo servir, segons l'enquesta d'usos lingüístics a l'Alguer 2015|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/el-77-dels-algueresos-vol-coneixer-i-utilitzar-el-catala-segons-lenquesta-dusos-linguistics-a-lalguer-2015/|work=[[Vilaweb]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=10 November 2022|language=ca|title=L'estudi de coneixements i usos lingüístics indica que el català és la llengua de referència de la població en coneixement i ús|url=https://www.govern.ad/cultura/item/14986-l-estudi-de-coneixements-i-usos-lingueistics-indica-que-el-catala-es-la-llengua-de-referencia-de-la-poblacio-en-coneixement-i-us|work=[[Govern d'Andorra]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=8 July 2019|first=Carles|language=ca|author=Geli|title=L'ús del català creix: l'entén el 94,4% i el parla el 81,2%|url=https://elpais.com/cat/2019/07/08/catalunya/1562592970_754956.html|work=[[El País]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=28 June 2020|first=Gerard|language=ca|author=Comas Robert|title=La Franja de Ponent: els confins del català|url=https://www.diaridebarcelona.cat/-/la-franja-de-ponent-els-confins-del-catala|work=[[Diari de Barcelona]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=7 December 2022|language=ca|title=L'ús del valencià disminueix a casa o amb amics, segons una enquesta de la Direcció General de Política Lingüística|url=https://www.diarilaveu.cat/noticia/11572/el-93-7-dels-funcionaris-de-la-generalitat-enten-be-o-bastant-be-el-valencia-segons-una-en|work=[[Diari La Veu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=19 April 2022|language=ca|title=L'Obra Cultural Balear se suma a la campanya 'Mantinc el català sempre, a tot arreu i amb tothom|url=https://www.dbalears.cat/balears/balears/2022/04/19/365375/obra-cultural-balear-suma-campanya-mantinc-catala-sempre-tot-arreu-amb-tothom.html|work=[[Diari de Balears]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ na mkpọsa ==
Ihe mkpa mkpa Mantinc el català mere bụ ire ire na vidiyo na-eme ugboro na ndị mmadụ si n'ịhụ mkpa dị iche iche iji gbaa ndị mmadụ ume iwu ha.  [1] [2] [3] N'oge emume 2022 nke Diada de Sant Jordi, okwu ikpo ahụ akara maka ndị na-asụ Catalan ka ha akara ichebe ya dị ka mbụ mbụ ha, nke a na-aputa maka ụbọchị 21, ma na gburugburu onwe onye ma na nke ike.  Ndị otu ha ịgbasa omume nke ikwu okwu na Catalan na mbụ, iji merie ejighị n'aka ma ọ bụ egwu nke a na-enweghị ma ọ bụ na-enwe ajị mbunobi.  [4] [5] [6] Ihe ịma aka ahụ sitere n'ike ikike ns nke aro ndị gara aga sitere n'aka ndị na-asagha dị ka ndị Galician na ndị Basque, ma nweta nkwado site n'aka òtù ndị dị ka Obra Cultural Balear.. &lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=20 April 2022|format=Àudio|language=ca|publisher=[[Catalunya Ràdio]]|title=Proposen un repte per potenciar l'ús social del català: estar 21 dies sense &quot;amagar&quot; la llengua|url=https://www.ccma.cat/catradio/alacarta/catalunya-nit/proposen-un-repte-per-potenciar-lus-social-del-catala-estar-21-dies-sense-amagar-la-llengua/audio/1132672/|work=Catalunya Nit}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=19 April 2022|language=ca|title=L'Obra Cultural Balear se suma a la campanya 'Mantinc el català sempre, a tot arreu i amb tothom'|url=https://www.dbalears.cat/balears/balears/2022/04/19/365375/obra-cultural-balear-suma-campanya-mantinc-catala-sempre-tot-arreu-amb-tothom.html|work=[[Diari de Balears]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Faịlụ:Sempre,_a_tot_arreu_i_amb_tothom_Twitter.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Okwu mmeghe nke Mantinc el català, ya na ọkọlọtọ dijitalụ ya.]]
N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2022, ọ sonyere n'ihe omume ịntanetị na-abụghị nke a na-ahụkarị nke kpọrọ oku ka a kagbuo ndebanye aha Netflix - ikpo okwu vidio kachasị ewu ewu na mpaghara ndị na-asụ asụsụ Catalan n'oge ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=19 February 2023|first=Raül G.|language=ca|author=Aranzueque|title=Netflix, a la foguera|url=https://www.diaridelallengua.cat/netflix-a-la-foguera/|work=[[Diari de la llengua]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ha kwadoro omume ahụ site n'ịkọwa esemokwu ịkpa ókè asụsụ na ụlọ ọrụ na-asọ asọ na ọnụnọ dị ala nke Catalan na katalọgụ ya, nke kpatara ihe na-erughị 0.5% nke ọtụtụ puku utu aha dịnụ, yana enweghị onye ọrụ na interface na asụsụ a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=23 June 2022|language=ca|title=Centenars de persones es donen de baixa de Netflix per Sant Joan|url=https://www.dbalears.cat/cultura/cultura/2022/06/23/368147/centenars-persones-donen-baixa-netflix-per-sant-joan.html|work=[[Diari de Balears]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụbọchị ise mgbe ihe omume ahụ gasịrị, nke mere na June 23, Netflix melite aha 12 na Catalan mere ka mba 190. Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ihe ndị kachasị mkpa nke utu aha na Catalan site na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo ụbọchị ahụ, nke kwekọrọ na nkwekọrịta ya na Gọọmentị Catalonia na nso nso a iji nye ọdịnaya ndị ọzọ n'asụsụ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=28 June 2022|first=Abel|language=ca|author=Degà|title=Netflix afegeix 12 nous títols en català|url=https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/cultura/netflix-afegeix-12-nous-titols-catala_779805_102.html|work=[[ElNacional.cat]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mantinc el català ebuola ọkọlọtọ na ọnụ akwụkwọ ndekọ nke usoro nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ immersion na Catalonia, [1] yana na omenala, egwuregwu, na ihe omume egwuregwu ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ ogbako.  [2][3] Ọ nọkwa na CreaFest 2022, ihe omume n'asụsụ ahụ maka ndị na-ahụ ngwaahịa na ndị na-emetụta ya.  [4] Ọ mgbasa ozi n'oge egwuregwu eji 2022-2023 iji nnukwu ike nwere ikike nke ikpo okwu na El Classic na Camp Nou.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Sagrera|first=Berto|title=Mantinc el Català engega una campanya per penjar una pancarta gegant al Camp Nou|journal=[[ElNacional.cat]]|url=https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/politica/mantinc-catala-campanya-penjar-pancarta-gegant-camp-nou_878673_102.html|date=5 September 2022|accessdate=19 February 2023|language=Catalan}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSagrera2022&quot;&gt;Sagrera, Berto (5 September 2022). [https://www.elnacional.cat/ca/politica/mantinc-catala-campanya-penjar-pancarta-gegant-camp-nou_878673_102.html &quot;Mantinc el Català engega una campanya per penjar una pancarta gegant al Camp Nou&quot;]. ''[[ElNacional.cat?action=edit&amp;redlink=1|ElNacional.cat]]'' (in Catalan)&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;19 February&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 Catalan-language sources (ca)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=3 October 2022|first=Lluís|language=ca|author=Girona|title=El Barça rep una proposta per defensar el català amb una pancarta al pròxim Clàssic|url=https://www.naciodigital.cat/noticia/240251/barca-rep-proposta-defensar-catala-pancarta-proxim-classic|work=[[Nació Digital]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi ole na ole na Spain katọrọ ọrụ na njem nke otu a.  Mantinc el català kwalitere na 2023 maka ihe ndị nne na nna nke akwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ Catalan ka ha ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ, ụbọchị ihe omume, ụmụ ha dị na gburugburu ebe dị iche (ebe egwuregwu, oge nri abalị ma ọ bụ ọrụ otu), akwụkwọ Crónica Global otu ahụ dị ka &quot;ndị na-eme ka otu ike&quot; na &quot;ịkwaga nta ha[13].  La Razón boro ikpo okwu ahụ ebubo &quot;ịma jijiji n'asụsụ Spanish&quot; ma mara ha dị ka &quot;òtù na-ekewapụ onwe ya, n'ụzọ ụzọ na ndị yiri ya ma bụrụ nke ahụ Catalonia akwụkwọ&quot;.[2]  Arụmụka ọzọ bilitere mgbe otu ahụ akwụkwọ na Twitter na Ọgwụ Sant Joan de Déu nke Barcelona kwesịrị imesi ike iji Catalan dị ka ahia bụ isi na-egosi ha, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na ha amaralarị na ụlọ nwere ahụ nwere ike ndị ọrụ abụọ, otu maka nkwekọrịta ọ llalla.  Crónica Global see ndị ọzọ ikpe ahụ nke eze okwu ahụ bụ &quot;ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi nke Catalan&quot; n'isi ozugbo..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=7 January 2023|language=es|title=Las redes avergüenzan a fanáticos del catalán por mentir sobre el castellano en un hospital infantil|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/redes-averguenzan-fanaticos-catalan-mentir-castellano-hospital-infantil_759845_102.html|work=[[Crónica Global]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|accessdate=19 February 2023|date=11 January 2023|language=ca|title=Un digital espanyolista engega una campanya d'odi contra Mantinc el català: &quot;Radicals del monolingüisme en català&quot;|url=https://www.larepublica.cat/noticies/politica/nacional/un-digital-espanyolista-engega-una-campanya-dodi-contra-mantinc-el-catala-radicals-del-monolinguisme-en-catala/|work=[[La República (publicació digital)|La República]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Aiysha Saagar</title>
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      <text bytes="1878" sha1="bbabt57uwht78nwu886nrmqvtwgit8j" xml:space="preserve">Aaysha Saagar (amuru 6 Jenụwarị 1980) bụ onye ọbụ abụ pop Australia. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Accounting, Law and Financial Planning. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị ka ihe nlere anya.[1][2] Na 2012 ọ ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya Brand nke Australia Gold Coast.[3] N'etiti afọ 2012, Aaysha mepụtara esemokwu site n'imepụta enweghị oke mgbe ọ bụ Gold Coast, onye nnọchi anya akara Australia. Ụfọdụ ndị obodo India-Australian chere na ịse foto Aaysha na-enweghị isi na-emetụta ndị India nke ọma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2012/jul/040712-indian-origin-pop-singer-topless-pics-indian-community-miffed-australia-gold-cost-city-ayesha.htm|title=Pop singer's 'topless' pic leaves Indians miffed|work=mid-day.com|accessdate=11 April 2016|archivedate=25 November 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222235/http://www.mid-day.com/news/2012/jul/040712-indian-origin-pop-singer-topless-pics-indian-community-miffed-australia-gold-cost-city-ayesha.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aiysha ewepụtala ọtụtụ abọm ruo ugbu a, ya na Himesh Reshammiya  rụkọkwara ọrụ maka ''Arzoo Arzoo''  abọm egwu na 2012.

== Abọm ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Album
|-
|''N'èzí India''
|-
|''Gwa m na ị chọrọ m''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tell me that you want me|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkLHppp5ciw|accessdate=16 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Gwakọta ya''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mix It Up|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oaq9XBrNaik|accessdate=16 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Isusu ọnụ na-enweghị iku ume''
|-
|''Nwa agbọghọ India''
|-
|''Mundaya'' (Onye) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mundaya|date=5 December 2012|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfuAnqnT6c8|accessdate=16 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Chalo Chalo'' (onye ọ bụla) 
|-
|''Mundaya nke vich''
|-
|}

== Edemsibia ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Abayomi Oluyomi</title>
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! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 100%;&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;fn&quot; style=&quot;font-size:125%;&quot;&gt;Abayomi Oluyomi&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; style=&quot;color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;&quot; |Kọmishọna na-ahụ maka ego, Lagos State[[Ȯra Lagos|Lagos Steeti]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom:none&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;skin-nightmode-reset-color&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender&quot;&gt;'''[[Incumbent|Onye nọ n'ọkwa]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom:none&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;'''Ọfịs'''&lt;/span&gt; 2023&amp;#x20;&lt;br /&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; style=&quot;color: #202122; background:lavender&quot; |Nkọwa nke onwe
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |A mụrụ ya
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Ȯra Lagos|Lagos Steeti]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Alma mater]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[University of Lagos|Mahadum Lagos]]
|-
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Ọrụ
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below&quot; style=&quot;border-top: 1px solid right;&quot; |&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|}
'''Abayomi Oluyomi''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] si Lagos Steeti , Naijiria. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na nke masta na Finance, Accounting, na Banking na [[University of Lagos|Mahadum Lagos]]. N'afọ 2023, a họpụtara ya dị ka Kọmishọna maka ego, Lagos Steeti . O nweela ọkwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị ndu ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ije ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mr. Abayomi Oluyomi, Honourable Commissioner for Finance and Chairman, Governing Board, Lagos State Public Procurement Agency – Welcome to Lagos State Public Procurement Agency|url=https://www.lagosppa.gov.ng/honourable-commissioner-for-finance/|accessdate=2024-12-09|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107121448/https://www.lagosppa.gov.ng/honourable-commissioner-for-finance/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mr. Abayomi Oluyomi-HONOURABLE COMMISSIONER|url=https://finance.lagosstate.gov.ng/2023/09/15/mr-abayomi-oluyomi-honourable-commissioner/|accessdate=2024-12-09|work=Lagos State Ministry of Finance|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-01-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107121447/https://finance.lagosstate.gov.ng/2023/09/15/mr-abayomi-oluyomi-honourable-commissioner/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Report|first=Agency|date=2024-04-21|title=SMEs critical for sustainable development – Lagos commissioner|url=https://punchng.com/smes-critical-for-sustainable-development-lagos-commissioner/|accessdate=2024-12-09|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibịa ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Oluyomi, Abayemi}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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'''Ainehi Edoro''' (amụrụ na 11 Disemba) &lt;ref name=&quot;Happy Birthday to Ainehi Edoro&quot; /&gt; bụ onye edemede Naịjirịa, onye nkatọ na onye gụrụ akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ onye hiwere ma bipụta blọgụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Afrịka bụ Brittle Paper. Ọ bụ ugbu a osote prọfesọ nke Global Black Literatures na Mahadum Wisconsin-Madison.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Akụkụ nnyocha ya gụnyere akụkọ ifo nke narị afọ nke 21, akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ/ọha na eze, Akwụkwọ akụkọ Anglophone zuru ụwa ọnụ, Akwụkwọ edemede Afrịka, Akụkọ ifo Britain nke oge a, Echiche Akwụkwọ, Nkà Ihe Ọmụma Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị, na Mmadụ Dijitalụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://brittlepaper.com/contact/|title=Contact Us|work=Brittle Paper|accessdate=10 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Afọ ndị mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
Edoro was born in [[Akure]], Nigeria, and grew up in [[Obodo Benin|Benin City]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thejournalist.org.za/contributor/ainehi-edoro/|title=Einehi Edoro|work=The Journalist|date=23 February 2016|accessdate=18 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; While working on her doctorate from Duke University, Edoro founded ''Brittle Paper''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Happy Birthday to Ainehi Edoro&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/happy-birthday-ainehi-edoro-brittle-papers-founder-editor/|title=Happy Birthday to Ainehi Edoro, Founder and Editor of Brittle Paper|work=Brittle Paper|date=12 December 2017|accessdate=2 August 2018}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://brittlepaper.com/2017/12/happy-birthday-ainehi-edoro-brittle-papers-founder-editor/ &quot;Happy Birthday to Ainehi Edoro, Founder and Editor of Brittle Paper&quot;]. ''Brittle Paper''. 12 December 2017&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2 August&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Until June 2018, she was assistant professor at Marquette University. Her interests are centered on fictional African literature.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2018/06/ainehi-edoro-to-leave-marquette-university-for-dual-appointment-at-university-of-winscosin-madison/|title=Ainehi Edoro to Leave Marquette University for Dual Appointment at University of Wisconsin-Madison|work=Brittle Paper|date=4 June 2018|accessdate=2 August 2018}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://brittlepaper.com/2018/06/ainehi-edoro-to-leave-marquette-university-for-dual-appointment-at-university-of-winscosin-madison/ &quot;Ainehi Edoro to Leave Marquette University for Dual Appointment at University of Wisconsin-Madison&quot;]. ''Brittle Paper''. 4 June 2018&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2 August&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.marquette.edu/english/Edoro.shtml|title=AINEHI EDORO|publisher=Marquette University|accessdate=2 August 2018|archivedate=18 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718124335/http://www.marquette.edu/english/Edoro.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
N'afọ 2018, Edoro guzobere Brittle Paper, blọọgụ maka ndị na-akwado Akwụkwọ Africa. N'ịkọwa etu o si bịa na Jennifer Emelife, ọ kọwara, sị: &quot;Nkebi nke akwụkwọ na-eme ka ọdịdị na-adịghị adịte aka nke ọrụ edemede na echiche n'ime oghere dijitalụ...Brittle Paper bụ maka idekọ ndụ nke ederede n'ime ohere mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.praxismagonline.com/celebrating-brittle-paper-7-interview-founder-ainehi-edoro/|title=Brittle Paper at 7-Interview with Founder, Ainehi Edoro|first=Jennifer|author=Emilife|work=Praxis Magazine|date=31 July 2017|accessdate=2 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dị ka Edoro si kwuo, enweghị afọ ojuju n'ịkekọrịta echiche edemede ya naanị na ndị agụmakwụkwọ ya bụ ihe dugara ya na ịde blọgụ, agbanyeghị na ebumnuche ya bụ &quot;akụkọ akụkọ ifo na ọdịbendị edemede Africa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.africanwriter.com/interview-with-ainehi-edoro-founder-of-brittlepaper-com/|title=Interview with Ainehi Edoro, Founder of BrittlePaper.com|first=Sola|author=Osofisan|work=African Writer|date=1 February 2015|accessdate=2 August 2018|archivedate=6 August 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806115244/https://www.africanwriter.com/interview-with-ainehi-edoro-founder-of-brittlepaper-com/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Edoro bụ onye edemede na-enye aka na Africa Is A Country, nke bụ saịtị nke echiche, nyocha, na ederede ọhụrụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://africasacountry.com/about|title=About Us|work=africasacountry.com|language=en-US|accessdate=10 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Arụmụka ==
N'ọnwa Eprel 2020, osote onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Brittle Paper, Otosirieze Obi-Young, kwụsịrị ịrụ ọrụ maka mbipụta ahụ n'ihi esemokwu nchịkọta akụkọ. Okwu ndị ọchịchị edoghị anya ma dị iche ma ọ kwụsịrị ma ọ bụ chụpụrụ ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Edoro statement&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://brittlepaper.com/2020/04/statement-on-the-departure-of-brittle-papers-former-deputy-editor/|title=Statement on the Departure of Brittle Paper's Former Deputy Editor|first=Ainehi|author=Edoro|work=Brittle Paper|date=15 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Otosirieze on leaving&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://otosirieze.com/statement-on-leaving-brittle-paper/|title=Statement on Leaving Brittle Paper|author=Otosirieze|date=15 April 2020|work=otosirieze.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Esemokwu ahụ gbara gburugburu mgbanwe ndị nwere ike ime n'akụkọ banyere [[Hadiza Isma El-Rufai]], onye edemede na nwunye gọvanọ Kaduna steeti Mallam Nasir El-Ru fai. Hadiza Isma El-Rufai gbachitere egwu nwa ya nwoke na-eyi onye ọrụ Twitter n'ike n'oge arụmụka na netwọk mmekọrịta, na-ekwu &quot;Kwụsị ifufe, na-ewepụta ifufe. Ihe niile ziri ezi n'ịhụnanya na agha&quot;  mgbe a dọrọ ya aka ná ntị maka okwu nwa ya nwoke Bello, tupu ya emesịa rịọ mgbaghara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/387581-outrage-as-el-rufais-son-threatens-to-gang-rape-twitter-users-mother.html|title=Outrage as El-Rufai's son threatens to gang rape Twitter user's mother|work=[[Premium Times]]|first=Samuel|author=Ogundipe|date=13 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/387730-hadiza-el-rufai-apologises-denounces-sons-pro-rape-tweet.html|title=Hadiza El-Rufai apologises, denounces son's pro-rape Tweet|first=Samuel|author=Ogundipe|work=[[Premium Times]]|date=13 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Onye nchịkọta akụkọ na osote onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Brittle Paper enweghị ike ịbịaru nkwekọrịta banyere idezi na post Brittle Paper, ya mere e wepụrụ post ahụ, tinyere nkwupụta dị mkpirikpi. N'echi ya, Obi-Young kpaliri esemokwu na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta site na nkwupụta ọha na eze nke edepụtara na blọọgụ ya. Nkwupụta ahụ gụnyere ebubo a na-ejighị n'aka megide Brittle Paper na onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya,  ma mepụta echiche nkwekọrịta na Twitter.&lt;ref name=&quot;Otosirieze on leaving&quot; /&gt; Onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Brittle Paper zaghachiri esemokwu ahụ na nkwupụta na 15 Eprel 2020, ebe ọ gọnahụrụ ebubo ahụ. N'ịzaghachi ebubo Obi-Young nke censorship na misogyny, onye nchịkọta akụkọ ahụ kwuru na Brittle Paper dere akụkọ iri na-ese okwu, na-akwado nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị, ma na-emegide censorship.&lt;ref name=&quot;Edoro statement&quot; /&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==

* &quot;Achebe's Evil Forest: Space, Violence, and Order in Things Fall Apart Journal of Postcolonial Enquiry&quot;, ''The Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry'', April 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Edoro-Glines|first=Ainehi|date=April 2018|title=Achebe's Evil Forest: Space, Violence, and Order in Things Fall Apart|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2052261417000551/type/journal_article|journal=The Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry|language=en|volume=5|issue=2|pages=176–192|doi=10.1017/pli.2017.55|issn=2052-2614}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/apr/06/how-not-to-talk-about-african-fiction &quot;How not to talk about African fiction&quot;], ''The Guardian'', 6 April 2016.
* [https://africasacountry.com/2018/11/gods-of-fiction-african-writers-and-the-fantasy-of-power &quot;Gods of Fiction: African Writers and the Fantasy of Power&quot;], ''Africa Is a Country.''
* [https://africasacountry.com/2018/02/africa-is-a-country-in-wakanda &quot;Africa is a country in Wakanda&quot;], ''Africa Is a Country.''

== Onyinye na nsọpụrụ ==
N'afọ 2018, edepụtara Edoro na &quot;100 Women&quot; nke OkayAfrica.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://100women.okayafrica.com/media-1/2018/2/28/ainehi-edoro-glines|title=Ainehi Edoro-Glines|work=OKAYAFRICA's 100 WOMEN|language=en-US|accessdate=10 March 2020|archivedate=14 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014191751/https://100women.okayafrica.com/media-1/2018/2/28/ainehi-edoro-glines}}&lt;/ref&gt;

E depụtakwara ya dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria ise kachasị nwee mmetụta na 2016 site na Guardian.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/guardian-woman/five-most-influential-nigerian-women-of-2016/|title=Five most influential Nigerian women of 2016|first=Sinem|author=Bilen-Onabanjo|date=3 December 2016|work=Guardian|accessdate=2 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2016, e bipụtara ihe odide ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ Britain ''The Guardian'', ebe ọ hụrụ ịkpa ókè n'echiche nke ndị edemede Afrịka site n'aka ụfọdụ ndị na-ede akwụkwọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/apr/06/how-not-to-talk-about-african-fiction|title=How not to talk about African fiction|first=Ainehi|author=Edoro|date=6 April 2016|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na June 2018, Edoro bụ onye isi ikpe na asọmpi edemede [[Guaranty Trust Holding Company PLC|GTBank]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/decade-old-story-wins-gtbanks-dusty-manuscript-contest/|title=Decade old story wins GTBank's Dusty Manuscript Contest|work=The Eagle Online|date=21 June 2018|accessdate=2 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụkwa onye mgbasa ozi nke onye edemede Africa nke afọ site na Brittle Paper . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel-arts-culture/lola-shoneyin-named-literary-person-of-the-year-id8176181.html|title=Nigerian author named Literary Person of the Year|work=Pulse|date=28 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edemsibia ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Otú:Onye édémédé akwukwọ si-na Naigeria]]
[[Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria gụrụ akwụkwọ]]
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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    <title>Meung Yum</title>
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      <text bytes="1483" sha1="j9qxr2jl8ai0fs8ek6ygytavmhz4sik" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Language|name=Meung Yum|nativename=|region=[[Myanmar]]|speakers=8,000|date=2013
|ref=&lt;ref name=&quot;Myint Myint Phyu 2013 p6&quot; /&gt;
|familycolor=Austro-Asiatic 
|fam2=[[Khasi–Palaungic languages|Khasi–Palaungic]]
|fam3=[[Palaungic languages|Palaungic]]
|fam4=[[Waic languages|Waic]]
|fam5=[[Wa language|Wa]]|iso3=none}}

'''Meung Yum''' bụ asụsụ WAIC nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 8,000 na-asụ na Kunlong Township, Shan State, Myanmar.

Tụnyere data Meung Yum sitere na Namt Yoke, Loi Yang, Pang Wan, na Pan Tang Villages, Phung Wei Ping (2013) ekpebiela Meung Yum ka ọ bụrụ ụdị WA dị iche iche.

== Aha ==
Aha ndị ọzọ maka Meung Yum gụnyere Kon Loi, Loi, Wa Chu, Wa, Awa, na La.

== Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ ==
Ndị na-asụ Meung Yum bi na Kunlong Township (nke nwere obodo Meung Yuma iri abụọ na otu) na Hopang Township (ya na obodo MeungYum iri atọ), na obodo ọ bụla nwere ihe dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụrụ ya.

Obodo nta itoolu nwere naanị ndị Meung Yum:

* Obodo Kunlong
** Nkọwa Yoke
** Pang Khaw
** Pang Wan
** Nwoke Na-ese Ihe
** Pa Paw
** Kaung Sang
** Nwoke Kan
* Ọchịchị Wa
** Meung Yum
** Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala

Asụsụ Meung Yum bụ Kaung Sar, Pan Tan, Man Kyu, Man Phan, Namt Yoke, Man Pein, Kaung Sang, na Man Kan. Phung Wei Ping (2013) depụtakwara Loi Yang, Pang Wan, na Pan Tang.

== Hụkwa ==

* Asụsụ Savaiq

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ọrụ ndị e depụtara ==
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  <page>
    <title>Aishat Obi</title>
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      <text bytes="7165" sha1="lo49lf5ydgr80sqe2kqn4fwherjvucs" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}Hajia '''Aishat Obi''' bụ nwanyị ọchụnta ego [[Ndị Naijiria|Naijiria]], onye na-eme ihe nkiri, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Aishat Ahmed Obi – agnriversstate|url=https://agnriversstate.com/member/aishat-ahmed-obi/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri si [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo steeti]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-07-03|title=Interview With Hajia Aishat Obi – KnowIslam Project|url=https://knowislam.com.ng/interview-with-hajia-aishat-obi/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-eje ozi na National Hajj Commission of Nigeria - NAHCON nnochite anya [[Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ (Nijiria)|South East Nigeria]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-01-11|title=Tinubu appoints NAHCON board, management - Blueprint Newspapers Limited|url=https://blueprint.ng/tinubu-appoints-nahcon-board-management/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US|work=[[Blueprint (newspaper)|Blueprint]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Oyelere|first=Kola|date=2025-04-21|title=2025 Hajj will make Nigeria proud — NAHCON Chairman|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/2025-hajj-will-make-nigeria-proud-nahcon-chairman/|accessdate=2026-01-16|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; National Da'wah Secretary of South Eastern Muslim Organizations of Nigeria (SEMON) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2024-01-03|title=SEMON – Uniting Southeast Muslims for Progress.|url=https://semon.org.ng/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US|archivedate=2025-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250308093235/https://semon.org.ng/}}&lt;/ref&gt; na CEO nke Aishat Obi Dawah / Orphanage Foundation. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-09-25|title=ICYMI: IGBO MUSLIM ORPHANAGE AND DA'WAH FOUNDATION TARGETED IN RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION, LEFT IN RUINS – KnowIslam Project|url=https://knowislam.com.ng/icymi-igbo-muslim-orphanage-and-dawah-foundation-targeted-in-religious-persecution-left-in-ruins/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hajia Aishat Obi lụrụ Alhaji Nurudeen Ikeocha nwere ụmụ.  &lt;ref name=&quot;muslimnews.com.ng&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-03-07|title=Two Muslim converts from Imo state set for the first Igbo-themed Islamic wedding - Muslim News Nigeria|url=https://muslimnews.com.ng/2020/03/07/two-muslim-converts-from-imo-state-set-for-the-first-igbo-themed-islamic-wedding/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ mbụ ==
A mụrụ Hajia Aishat Obi na 1989 na steeti Imo site n'aka Alhaji Ahmed Theophilus Obi na Hajia Fatima Fidelia Obi.  Nna ya si n'okpuru ọchịchị Idemogwa [[Mbaitoli]] nke [[Ọ̀hà Ímò|Imo steeti]] .  Ngụmakwụkwọ Obi gụnyere:

St. Angela's Girls Grammar School, Jattu, Uzairue, Edo State. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=St. Angelas Girls Grmmar School Uzairue|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/directory/listing/st-angelas-girls-grmmar-school-uzairue/|accessdate=2026-01-16|work=BusinessHub|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Izharudeen Muslim Secondary School, Jattu.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Soluap|date=2025-02-17|title=Edo Secondary Schools Names and Addresses · Soluap|url=https://soluap.com/edo-secondary-schools-names-and-addresses/|accessdate=2026-01-16|work=Soluap|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Sekọndrị Obodo Obeli, River State, Port Harcourt.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://girlscoding2024.github.io/Obele-Website/index.html|accessdate=2026-01-16|work=girlscoding2024.github.io}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe ịma aka dị na agụmakwụkwọ ===
Obi kwuru ọtụtụ ihe ịma aka ndị gbochiri ya inweta agụmakwụkwọ dị mma nke gụnyere enweghị ike ego nke nna ya, nke sitere na nsogbu obodo, na alụmdi na nwunye ọ banyere mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma. 

E doziri nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ ya site n'aka enyi ya a maara dị ka Fadilah. Onye a bụ otu onye ahụ gosipụtara na akụkọ mgbanwe Aishat Obi gaa Alakụba. N'ikpeazụ, Obi gara n'ihu nweta asambodo na School of Health na Kaduna na River State. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Odinaka|date=2017-12-02|title=Igbo Lady Shows-off the Woman Whose Character Made Her Convert from Christianity to Islam (Photos)|url=https://www.tori.ng/news/82082/igbo-lady-showsoff-the-woman-whose-character-made.html|accessdate=2026-01-16|work=Tori.ng|language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ọrụ Obi n'ihe nkiri Naịjirịa gụnyere ihe nkiri dịka &quot;The Curse of My Parents&quot;, &quot;No Second Chance&quot;, na &quot;Mama of the Goddess&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-09-07|title=Interview With Hajia Aishat Obi – KnowIslam Project|url=https://knowislam.com.ng/interview-with-hajia-aishat-obi/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwetala ọtụtụ ihe nrite maka ihe nkiri, gụnyere:

* Uwe Kachasị Mma, Ụda Kachasị Mma, na Ndezi Kachasị Mma Maka Nsogbu  (Ememme Ihe Nkiri AGN nke River State 2025)
* Ihe nrite nkwado nke Pillar (Ememme Ngụcha Oge Ihe nkiri nke River State AGN 2025)
* Onyinye Merit Da'awah (South East Muslim Organisation of Nigeria - SEMON)
* Onye Ndú Nhazi Hajj Kachasị Mma nke 2023 (Naijiria) 

== Ọkwa na ihe nrite ==
Obi ejidela ọkwa dị iche iche, gụnyere

* Ameera nke AMP - Association of Muslim Professionals, Alaka Port Harcourt
* Onye ọrụ Da'awah na onyeisi oche ndị ntorobịa nke FOMWAN - Alaka Steeti Imo
* Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Da'awah nke SEMON &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Summit – SEMON|url=https://semon.org.ng/summit/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Nwanyi mba bụ onyeisi otu Muslim and Christian Council of Nigeria
* Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ Aishat Obi Da'awah/Orphanage Foundation

Ihe nrite Obi meriri n'ebe ndị ọzọ gụnyere

* Ochirozo nke 1 nke Imo Steeti
* Onyinye Da'wah Merit - SEMON (2025)
* Ihe nrite kacha mma maka nhazi njem Hajj - Gọọmentị Saudi Arabia (2024)

=== Ntọala ===
Aishat Obi na-arụ ọrụ ntọala nke na-elekọta ụmụ mgbei nwere okwukwe dị iche iche (Islam, Christianity na Omenala)   n'aha &quot;Aishat Obi Da'awah/Orphanage Foundation.&quot;  Ntọala ahụ na-ekere òkè n'inye onyinye nye ndị inyom di ha nwụrụ na ndị na-enweghị ihe ùgwù n'obodo ahụ. N'agbanyeghị na nzukọ ahụ na àgwà ya na-abịa n'ọtụtụ mwakpo, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-03-17|title=ICYMI: IGBO MUSLIM ORPHANAGE AND DA'WAH FOUNDATION TARGETED IN RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION, LEFT IN RUINS – KnowIslam Project|url=https://knowislam.com.ng/icymi-igbo-muslim-orphanage-and-dawah-foundation-targeted-in-religious-persecution-left-in-ruins/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-06-11|title=Know Islam Seeks Help #Igbomuslimslivesmatter – KnowIslam Project|url=https://knowislam.com.ng/know-islam-seeks-help-igbomuslimslivesmatter/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-06-06|title=Aishat Obi rises in defence of Igbo Muslims, says there are also bad people among Igbo Christians - Muslim News Nigeria|url=https://muslimnews.com.ng/2020/06/06/aishat-obi-rises-in-defence-of-igbo-muslims-says-there-are-also-bad-people-among-igbo-christians/|accessdate=2026-01-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ntọala ahụ ahapụbeghị inye ndị nọ ná mkpa enyemaka.    

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Abia Angels F.C.</title>
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      <text bytes="2935" sha1="kep6zs1358mbqs34pski654ya83smli" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''Abia Angels Football Club''' bụ otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụnwaanyị Naịjirịa nke dị na [[Umuahia]], [[Ȯra Abia|Abia State]] ma na-egwu egwuregwu na [[Nigerian Women Football League|NWFL Premiership]] .

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ==
[[Ȯra Abia|Gọọmentị Abia Steeti]] hiwere klọb ahụ dị ka Abia Queens. &lt;ref name=&quot;Enyimba&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.futbalgallore.com/2025/08/07/open-letter-to-governor-alex-otti-on-the-poor-structure-at-abia-angels/|title=Open letter to Governor Alex Otti on the poor structure at Abia Angels|work=futbalgallore.com|date=7 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ha buru ụzọ sonye na ngalaba nke abụọ n'oge 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nig-wom2014.html|title=Nigeria Women 2014|work=rsssf.org|accessdate=28 March 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 2015, ha nwetara nkwalite n'ọkwa kachasị elu, onye nkuzi Roland Gbaruku duru ha, mgbe ha meriri Pro-League, ngalaba nke abụọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/ikpeazus-wife-lauds-abia-angels/|title=Ikpeazu's wife lauds Abia Angels|work=The Guardian Sport|date=26 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 2021, ha gbapụrụ ọdịda mgbe ha mechara nke abụọ na asọmpi ọdịda. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2021/05/12/pelican-stars-abia-angels-survive-relegation/|title=Pelican Stars, Abia Angels survive relegation|work=This Day Live|date=12 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nig-wom2021.html#:~:text=Promotion%20Playoff%202021-,NWFL%20Premiership%202020/21,Other%20Cup%20Tournaments|title=Nigeria Women 2020/21|work=rsssf.org|accessdate=28 March 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ha bụ naanị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ si [[Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ (Nijiria)|ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa]] nọ ugbu a na [[Nigerian Women Football League|NWFL Premiership]] .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.futbalgallore.com/2025/08/07/open-letter-to-governor-alex-otti-on-the-poor-structure-at-abia-angels/|title=Open letter to Governor Alex Otti on the poor structure at Abia Angels|work=futbalgallore.com|date=7 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mario Eshalomi na-achịkwa ha ugbu a. [[Adanna Nwaneri|Adanna Nwaneri,]] onye bụbu [[Ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba Naịjirịa|onye mba Naịjirịa,]] na-achịkwa ha na mbụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/07/25/nwfl-abia-angels-unveil-adanna-gloria-as-new-coach/|title=NWFL:Abia Angels unveil Adanna Gloria as new coach|work=Africa Top Sports|date=25 July 2024|accessdate=30 March 2026|archivedate=27 April 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260427120033/https://en.africatopsports.com/2024/07/25/nwfl-abia-angels-unveil-adanna-gloria-as-new-coach/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndị egwuregwu ==
{{small|''As of the 2025–26 season''.}}

=== Ndị egwuregwu mbụ ===

* [[Chinonyerem Macleans]]
* [[Ihuoma Emmanuel|Emanuel]]

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Ȯra Abia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ideye na-acha nchara nchara</title>
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        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345451597|Brown Ideye]]&quot;</comment>
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{{updated|match played 7 November 2021}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Soccerway&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=B. Ideye|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/ideye-brown/32887/|website=Soccerway|access-date=19 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Aide Brown Ideye MON (amụrụ n'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1988) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agba ọsọ. Ọ nọchitere anya [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu mba Naịjirịa]] na mba ụwa, merie iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013.

=== Ọrụ mmalite ===
A mụrụ ya na [[Yenagoa]], Bayelsa State, Nigeria, Ideye malitere ọrụ ya na Bayelsa United tupu ọ kwaga Ocean Boys.&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ideye, Brown|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/38157/Brown_Ideye.html|work=NFT|accessdate=19 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ onye otu Ocean Boys nke meriri Nigeria Premier League na 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot; /&gt;

Na Jenụwarị afọ 2008, Ideye kwagara Europe ka ọ bịanye aka na klọb Swiss Super League Neuchâtel Xamax. Tupu ọ gaa Switzerland, ọ nọ n'ụlọ ikpe na Willem II nke Netherlands, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.omroepbrabant.nl/?news/86059852/Ideye+Brown+niet+naar+Willem+II.aspx|title=Ideye Brown niet naar Willem II|language=nl}}&lt;/ref&gt; mana a bịaghị aka na ya. Mgbe afọ atọ gachara na Xamax, Ideye hapụrụ ka ọ bịanye aka na klọb French Ligue 1 Sochaux . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/international/ligue1/ideye-brown-fuer-6-millionen-zu-sochaux-138414|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120723070350/http://www.blick.ch/sport/fussball/international/ligue1/ideye-brown-fuer-6-millionen-zu-sochaux-138414|archivedate=23 July 2012|title=Jetzt ist es fix!: Ideye Brown für stolze 6 Millionen zu Sochaux&amp;nbsp;– Blick Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dynamo Kyiv ===
Na 6 Julaị 2011, Ideye bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ ise na Dynamo Kyiv nke Ukraine. O mere mpụta mbụ ya na 16 Julaị megide Oleksandria, nyere goolu abụọ. N'egwuregwu nke abụọ ya maka Dynamo, ọ gbara ọzọ, oge a megide Obolon Kyiv. Na 7 Ọgọst 2012, Ideye meriri onye meriri na UEFA Champions League ntozu agba nke atọ megide Feyenoord, nke Dynamo mechara ruo na. Ọ gbakwara ọkpụ goolu abụọ megide Borussia Mönchengladbach n'agba nke abụọ n'asọmpi playoff. Mönchengladbach meriri egwuregwu ahụ 2–1, mana Kyiv gara n'ọkwa otu Champions League 4–3 na mkpokọta.[4] Na 15 Mee 2014, Ideye bụ onye nnọchi ejighi ya na mmeri Dynamo 2–1 meriri Shakhtar Donetsk na 2014 Ukrainian Cup Final. 

=== West Bromwich Albion ===
Na 18 July 2014, Ideye bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na ụlọ ọrụ English Premier League West Bromwich Albion, na-aghọ ihe ndekọ ndekọ nke ụlọ ọrụ maka ego a kọrọ na ọ bụ £ 10 nde. Nkwekọrịta ahụ gụnyere nhọrọ na ikike klọb maka otu afọ ọzọ.[1][2] Mgbe mmalite siri ike n'oge ahụ na England, Ideye meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ na 3-1 meriri Manchester City na Boxing Day 2014, wee merie ugboro anọ n'ime ụbọchị isii na February 2015 na ihe mgbaru ọsọ megide Burnley na Swansea City na Premier League na abụọ megide West Ham United na iko FA.

=== Olympiacos ===
Na 31 Ọgọst 2015, Ideye sonyeere Olympiacos si West Brom maka ego akọwapụtaghị, n'agbanyeghị na ekwenyere na ọ dị gburugburu €6 nde.  A na-anụ kepu kepu na atụmanya nke igosipụta na Champions League ọzọ ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ime ka Ideye kwenye ịkwaga na klọb nke Athens.

N'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2015, Ideye gbara goolu na mmeri Olympiacos meriri Dinamo Zagreb (1-0). O meriri onye mmeri nke nkeji iri asaa na itoolu site na njedebe dị mma site na nkuku siri ike, na-agbapụta onwe ya maka ọdịda dị ịtụnanya na mbido ọkara nke abụọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Brown Ideye goal sees off Dinamo Zagreb to raise Olympiakos hopes|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/oct/20/dinamo-zagreb-olympiakos-champions-league-match-report|date=20 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Olympiakos beats Dinamo Zagreb 1-0 in Champions League|work=Yahoo News|url=https://news.yahoo.com/olympiakos-beats-dinamo-zagreb-1-0-champions-league-210613260.html|date=20 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị itoolu n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2016, Ideye natara onyinye bara uru site n'aka China n'oge ngbanwe nke Jenụwarị, mana ọ jụrụ onyinye ahụ n'ihi na ọ họọrọ ịnọnyere ndị mmeri Super League Greece.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ideye snubbed China to stay at Olympiakos|url=http://www.sdna.gr/news-english/article/177237/ideye-snubbed-china-stay-olympiakos|date=9 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2016, ọ bụ onye isi otu maka klọb ahụ ka ọ na-eme emume mmeri n'asọmpi nke ụlọ maka oge nke isii n'usoro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.superleaguegreece.net/el/scoreboard|title=Super League Greece|author=Dev|first=OTO {{!}}|accessdate=28 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Tianjin Teda ===
Ideye hapụrụ Olympiakos gaa n'akụkụ Chinese Super League Tianjin Teda &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ideye the latest African to move to China|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/39052994|date=22 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; na windo mbufe Jenụwarị 2017. Ideye sonyeere klọb ndị China na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ na ọkara maka ego mbufe nke € 12 nde. Nkwekọrịta ya, nke gara n'ihu ruo n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2019, ruru € 3.5 nde kwa afọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Brown Ideye joins Mikel in China|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/224197-brown-ideye-joins-mikel-china.html|date=21 February 2017|work=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 29 Jenụwarị 2018, Ideye sonyeere otu egwuregwu La Liga nke Spain na Malaga maka ọnwa isii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ideye brings power and definition upfront|url=https://www.malagacf.com/en/news/ideye-brings-power-and-definition-upfront|date=29 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 20 June 2019, ọ sonyeere Aris na nkwekọrịta otu afọ, maka ego € 500,000 kwa afọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Aris/arhs-anakoinwse-ton-intege-gia-enan-xrono.5541262.html|title=Άρης: Ανακοίνωσε τον Ιντέγε για έναν χρόνο|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=20 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48871285|title=Brown Ideye: Nigeria striker looks to revive career in Greece|date=4 July 2019|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=27 August 2019|first=Mohamed Fajah|author=Barrie}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ideye ga-echere ruo etiti Septemba iji nweta goolu nke mbụ ya, mgbe o meriri na nnukwu mmeri ụlọ 4–0 megide Panathinaikos, bụ nke mbụ ya na oge. Otu izu ka e mesịrị, ọ natara obe dị ala site n'aka Giannis Fetfatzidis wee kụnye bọọlụ ahụ n'azụ neetị, meghere akara na Thessaloniki Derby megide PAOK, nke kwụsịrị na 2-2 eserese. Na 27 Ọktoba 2019, o meriri site na ntaramahụhụ, na mmeri ụlọ 2–0 meriri Panetolikos. Na 14 Disemba 2019, ọ laghachiri n'ọrụ ka nkwusioru egwuregwu abụọ gasịrị, gbara na 3–1 meriri OFI.[4] Na 19 Disemba 2019, onye ọkpọ Naijiria bụ Brown Ideye gbara nkeji iri na abụọ na sekọnd iri abụọ na ise iji nye Aris ọkpụ 4–0 merie Volos.

N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2020, ọ gbara bọọlụ na mmeri 1-0 megide Xanthi, n'akụkụ mbụ nke agba nke iri na isii nke Greek Cup &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/ellada/GreekCup/ksanthh-arhs-0-1-vhma-prokrishs-me-mvp-fetfatzidh-kai-skorer-intege.5666936.html|title=Ξάνθη - Άρης 0-1: Βήμα πρόκρισης με MVP Φετφατζίδη και σκόρερ Ιντέγε|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=8 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; na mmeghachi omume ọ gbara bido ọzọ, nyere aka na mmeri 2-1 na iru eru na nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/ellada/GreekCup/arhs-ksanthh-2-1-me-anatroph-stoys-8.5669577.html|title=Άρης - Ξάνθη 2-1: Με ανατροπή στους &quot;8&quot;|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=14 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2020, o nyere akara n'egwuregwu 2-2 megide Lamia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/ellada/SuperLeague/lamia-arhs-2-2-afhse-th-doyleia-sth-mesh.5685444.html|title=Λαμία - Άρης 2-2: Άγγιξε ανατροπή και playoffs|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=22 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2020, ọ gbara bọọlụ n'egwuregwu 3-1 megide Olympiacos maka Egwuregwu Super League.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/ellada/SuperLeague/olympiakos-arhs-3-1-katharise-se-enteka-lepta.5720961.html|title=Ολυμπιακός - Άρης 3-1: &quot;Καθάρισε&quot; σε έντεκα λεπτά|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=14 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Enyimba ===
Na Disemba 2024, Ideye bịanyere aka na klọb Njikọ Football Professional nke Naijiria [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba]] ruo na ngwụcha oge 2024-25. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Meshioye|first=David|title=Brown Ideye joins Enyimba International|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/brown-ideye-joins-enyimba-international/|accessdate=31 December 2024|date=30 December 2024|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị klọb ahụ na ngwụcha oge ahụ, o welitere nchegbu n'ihu ọha banyere ọdịmma ndị egwuregwu na ego a na-akwụghị ụgwọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nlebem|first=Anthony|date=2025-07-23|title=Brown Ideye slams Enyimba over unpaid bonuses, poor player welfare|url=https://businessday.ng/sports/article/brown-ideye-slams-enyimba-over-unpaid-bonuses-poor-player-welfare/|accessdate=2025-07-28|work=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Inyang|first=Ifreke|date=2025-07-23|title=NPFL: Pay me my bonuses - Ex-Super Eagles forward Brown Ideye calls out Enyimba|url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/07/23/npfl-pay-me-my-bonuses-ex-super-eagles-forward-brown-ideye-calls-out-enyimba/|accessdate=2025-07-28|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Ideye nọchitere anya mba ya na 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup na Canada. Ọ gbara egwuregwu ise na asọmpi ahụ ma gbaa otu goolu, megide Costa Rica.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=273285/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618110039/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=273285/index.html|archivedate=18 June 2008|title=FIFA Player Statistics: Brown IDEYE|publisher=FIFA|accessdate=18 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2010, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi dịka akụkụ nke ndị otu mmadụ iri atọ maka 2010 FIFA World Cup na South Africa. Ọ bụghị akụkụ nke ndị otu iri abụọ na atọ ikpeazụ, mana a kpọrọ ya mgbe [[John Obi Mikel|Mikel John Obi]] merụrụ ahụ n'ikpere wee wepụ onye ọgba bọọlụ ahụ na asọmpi ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/newsid=1229093/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100607043052/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/newsid=1229093/index.html|archivedate=7 June 2010|title=Ideye replaces Mikel|publisher=FIFA|date=5 June 2010|accessdate=5 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kpọkwara Ideye ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke Naijiria maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013,  na-egwu ọtụtụ egwuregwu ha na asọmpi ahụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stats&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=B. Idye – stats|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/ideye-brown/32887/|publisher=Soccerway|accessdate=19 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara goolu nke abụọ nke Naịjirịa na mmeri 4-1 ha meriri Mali  wee gbaa bọọlụ na mmeri 1-0 ha meriri Burkina Faso na nke ikpeazụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Glendenning|first=Barry|title=Mali 1-4 Nigeria: Africa Cup of Nations semi-final – as it happened|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/feb/06/mali-nigeria-africa-cup-of-nations-semi-live|accessdate=27 September 2020|work=The Guardian|date=6 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;acup13&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Hughes|first=Ian|title=Nigeria 1 – 0 Burkina Faso|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=19 August 2014|date=10 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A họpụtara Ideye maka ndị otu Naịjirịa na 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22827902|title=Nigeria to take new-look squad to Confederations Cup|date=9 June 2013|accessdate=10 June 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ideye ghọrọ &quot;Director of Player Pathways and Partnerships&quot; ugbu a na Atlantic Business Football Club na July 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sports|first=Pulse|date=2025-07-24|title=Super Eagles icon Ideye gets new job weeks after leaving Kanu Nwankwo’s Enyimba|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/super-eagles-icon-ideye-gets-new-job-weeks-after-leaving-kanu-nwankwos-enyimba-2025072412575982048|accessdate=2025-07-28|work=Pulse Sports Nigeria|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Mogoli|first=Precious|date=2025-07-25|title=Former Super Eagles striker Brown Ideye joins Atlantic Business FC as Director of Player Pathways and Partnerships|url=https://sportsbusinessinafrica.com/news/brown-ideye-atlantic-business-fc/|accessdate=2025-07-28|work=Sports Business in Africa|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-07-24|title=Brown Ideye Gets New Role at Atlantic Business FC After Leaving Enyimba|url=https://sportsration.com/brown-ideye-gets-new-role-at-atlantic-business-fc-after-leaving-enyimba/|accessdate=2025-07-28|work=SportsRation|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba[a]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ[b]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kọntinent
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Bayelsa United
|2006&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ideye, Brown|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/38157/Brown_Ideye.html|work=NFT|accessdate=19 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Nigeria
|19
|6
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|19
|6
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Ocean Boys F.C.|Ụmụ nwoke Ocean]]
|2006&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Nigeria
|5
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|1
|-
|2007&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Nigeria
|8
|9
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|9
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!13
!10
!0
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!13
!10
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Neuchâtel Xamax
|2007–08&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Super Switzerland
|5
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|1
|-
|2008–09
|Njikọ Super Switzerland
|33
|10
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|34
|10
|-
|2009–10
|Njikọ Super Switzerland
|17
|12
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|12
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!55
!23
!1
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!56
!23
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ihe ndị e ji mara ala
|2009–10
|Njikọ 1
|17
|2
|3
|3
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|20
|5
|-
|2010–11
|Njikọ 1
|35
|15
|3
|2
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|38
|17
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!52
!17
!6
!5
!0
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!58
!22
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Dynamo Kyiv
|2011–12
|Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine
|27
|12
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10[c]
|2
|38
|14
|-
|2012–13
|Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine
|28
|17
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11[d]
|4
|39
|21
|-
|2013–14
|Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine
|19
|5
|3
|3
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|7[e]
|2
|37
|10
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!74
!34
!5
!3
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!28
!8
!107
!45
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |West Bromwich Albion
|2014–15
|Njikọ Premier
|24
|4
|3
|2
|3
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|7
|-
|2015–16
|Njikọ Premier
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!24
!4
!3
!2
!4
!1
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!31
!7
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Olympiacos
|2015–16
|Njikọ Super Gris
|23
|10
|4
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8[f]
|1
|35
|13
|-
|2016–17
|Njikọ Super Gris
|20
|13
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8[g]
|1
|30
|15
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!43
!23
!6
!3
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!16
!2
!65
!28
|-
|Tianjin Teda
|2017
|Njikọ Super China
|14
|4
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|14
|4
|-
|Malaga (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2017–18
|[[La Liga|Njikọ ahụ]]
|13
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|13
|1
|-
|Aris
|2019–20
|Njikọ Super Gris
|22
|8
|5
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4[e]
|0
|31
|10
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Göztepe
|2020–21
|Süper Lig
|30
|2
|1
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|31
|3
|-
|2021–22
|Süper Lig
|5
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!35
!2
!1
!1
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!36
!3
|-
|Al-Yarmouk
|[[2022–23 Kuwaiti Division One|2022–23]]
|Nkewa nke Mbụ nke Kuwait
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!364
!132
!27
!16
!4
!1
!48
!10
!443
!159
|}
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Side box/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

=== Mba Nile ===

: ''Ka ọ na-erule egwuregwu a gbara na 31 Mee 2016. Ntinye nke Naijiria depụtara na mbụ, kọlụm akara na-egosi akara mgbe ihe mgbaru ọsọ Ideye ọ bụla gasịrị.''

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable plainrowheaders&quot;
|+Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa site na ụbọchị, ebe, okpu, onye mmegide, akara, nsonaazụ na asọmpi
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Mba.
! data-sort-type=&quot;date&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ụbọchị
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ebe a na-anọ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Isi
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Onye mmegide
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ihe ruru
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Nsonaazụ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ịsọ mpi
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |1
|14 Nọvemba 2012
|Marlins Park, Miami, United States
|5
| Venezuela
|1–0
|3–1
|Ndị nwere omume enyi
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |2
|6 Febụwarị 2013
|Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban, South Africa
|11
| Mali
|2–0
|4–1
|2013 Africa Cup of Nations
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |3
|31 Mee 2013
|NRG Stadium, Houston, United States
|14
| Mexico
|1–1
|2–2
|Ndị nwere omume enyi
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |4
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |10 Septemba 2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Ahmadu Bello Stadium]], [[Kaduna]], Nigeria
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |20
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Burkina Faso
|1–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |4–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị nwere omume enyi
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |5
|2–0
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |6
|31 Mee 2016
|Egwuregwu Josy Barthel, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
|25
| Luxembourg
|1–0
|3–1
|Ndị nwere omume enyi
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
[[Faịlụ:Brown_Ideye2014.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|Ideye na 2014 Ukrainian Cup Final]]
'''Ụmụ nwoke Ocean'''

* Njikọ Premier nke Nigeria: 2006

'''Dynamo Kyiv'''

* Iko Ukraine: 2013-14&lt;ref name=&quot;cf14&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dynamo 2 – 1 Shakthar|url=http://www.fpl.ua/ukr/protocol/2013_2014/cup/13/9/|publisher=fpl.ua|accessdate=19 August 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703072559/http://fpl.ua/ukr/protocol/2013_2014/cup/13/9/|archivedate=3 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Super Cup nke Ukraine: 2011

On 31 August 2015, Ideye joined Olympiacos from West Brom for an undisclosed fee, though believed to be around €6 million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Brown Ideye sold to Greek club|url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/wba-albion-brown-ideye-olympiakos-2659239.aspx|publisher=West Bromwich Albion|date=31 August 2015|accessdate=31 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Official: Ideye departs West Brom for Olympiakos|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/11/transfer-zone/2015/08/31/14928332/official-ideye-departs-west-brom-for-olympiakos|date=31 August 2015|accessdate=31 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; The prospect of featuring in the Champions League again was rumoured to play a crucial role in convincing Ideye to move to the Athens-based club.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Brown Ideye Joins Olympiakos|url=http://www.soccernet.ng/2015/08/brown-ideye-joins-olympiakos.html|date=31 August 2015|author=Akangbe|first=Biyi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* Super League Greece: 2015-162015–16
* Onye nke abụọ na Greek Cup: 2015-162015–16

'''Naịjirịa'''

* Iko Mba Afrịka: 2013&lt;ref name=&quot;acup13&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Hughes|first=Ian|title=Nigeria 1 – 0 Burkina Faso|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/21396138|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=19 August 2014|date=10 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* Onye otu Order of the Niger &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Okeleji|first=Oluwashina|authorlink=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=13 February 2013|title=Presidential reward for Super Eagles|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/21450619|work=BBC|accessdate=19 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[Faịlụ:Order_of_the_Niger_civil_division_ribbon.svg|60x60px]]

== Edensibia ==

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Brown Ideyena National-Football-Teams.com
* Brown Ideye- Statistics nke French league naLFP- dịkwan'asụsụ French (nke e debere) 
* [http://www.sportifafricain.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=972&amp;Itemid=259 Ajụjụ ọnụ] 
* Brown Ideyen'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ
* Brown IdeyenaUAF  (n'asụsụ Ukrainian)  
* Brown Ideyena FootballFacts.ru (n'asụsụ Russian) 
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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'''Ahmed Musa OON MON''' (/ˈɑːxmɛd muːsə/ i; amụrụ n'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1992) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ ma ọ bụ onye na-agbachitere ndị otu egwuregwu bọọlụ Nigeria Premier Football League Kano Pillars .

Musa ghọrọ onye Naijiria mbụ nyere akara ihe karịrị otu ugboro na asọmpi iko mba ụwa nke FIFA, ka ọ gbasịrị akara ugboro abụọ megide Argentina na 2014 FIFA World Cup. Musa bụkwa onye Naijiria mbụ nyere goolu n'asọmpi iko mba ụwa abụọ nke FIFA, ka ọ gbasịrị akara ọzọ megide Iceland na ọkwa otu nke 2018 FIFA World Cup. N'ihe ngosi 111, ọ bụ onye ọkpụkpọ Nigeria kachasị egwu kemgbe Nọvemba 2021. Musa bụ onye otu ndị otu egwuregwu Saudi Al Nassr nke meriri Saudi Premier League na Saudi Super Cup, abụọ na 2019.

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Musa malitere ọrụ ya na GBS Football Academy . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/3376/goalcom-youth-football/2010/11/13/2199634/goalcom-scouting-report-ahmed-musa-vvv-venlo-and-nigeria|title=Goal.com Scouting Report: Ahmed Musa – VVV Venlo and Nigeria|date=5 November 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2008, a gbazinyere Musa na JUTH F.C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kanopillars.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=59:special-thanks-to-pillars-ahmad-musa&amp;catid=1:latest-news&amp;Itemid=1|title=The Official Website of Kano Pillars Football Club – Masu Gida|accessdate=12 August 2016|archivedate=7 April 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407072141/http://www.kanopillars.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=59:special-thanks-to-pillars-ahmad-musa&amp;catid=1:latest-news&amp;Itemid=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebe ọ gbara egwuregwu iri na asatọ, gbaa goolu anọ n'ime oge abụọ mbụ ya maka ndị Healers. E mechara gbazinye ya na Kano Pillars F.C.,  n'Oge 2009-10 ebe o setịpụrụ ndekọ league na-agba ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa ka Pillars mechara nke abụọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://naijaligue.blogspot.com/2010/04/kano-pillars-is-bigger-than-me-ahmad.html|title=Nigerian Football League: Kano Pillars Is Bigger Than Me – Ahmad Musa|first=George|author=Akpayen|date=17 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Musa nwere ihe ndekọ maka ihe mgbaru ọsọ kachasị elu a tụrụ n'otu oge n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Nigeria Premier League &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=1635|title=404 &amp;#124; This post is not available &amp;#124; All Nigeria Soccer|work=www.allnigeriasoccer.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ruo na Nọvemba 2011, mgbe [[Jude Aneke]] nke Kaduna United F.C. setịpụrụ ihe ndekọ ọhụrụ nke ihe mgbaru ndụ 20. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/premier-league/news/2011/nov/02-aneke-sets-new-npl-goals-tally.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118043458/http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/premier-league/news/2011/nov/02-aneke-sets-new-npl-goals-tally.html|archivedate=18 November 2011|title=MTN Football}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== VVV-Venlo ===
Musa was transferred to [[Netherlands|Dutch]] club VVV-Venlo in summer 2010,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://naijaligue.blogspot.com/2010/07/musa-leaves-for-vvv-venlo-in-fortnight.html|title=Nigerian Football League: Musa Leaves For VVV Venlo In Fortnight|first=George|author=Akpayen|date=29 July 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; but the move was held up because he was only 17 years of age and therefore not eligible for an ITC in accordance with the current FIFA rules. He was officially eligible to play for VVV-Venlo on 14 October 2010 when he eventually turned 18 years of age.

N'ihe na-erughị otu izu mgbe ọ bịarutere na klọb ahụ, Musa mere nke mbụ ya maka VVV-Venlo megide FC Groningen na 30 Ọktoba. Ọ malitere egwuregwu ahụ maka VVV-Venlo, a kụrụ ya na nkeji nke iri ise wee nweta penalty kick.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NPL 2009/10 exports shine abroad|url=https://supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101230/NPL_200910_exports_shine_abroad|accessdate=2021-06-01|work=supersport.com|language=en|archivedate=2 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214112/https://supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101230/NPL_200910_exports_shine_abroad}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ịbụ onye Goal.com kwuru n'etiti Hot 100 na-eto eto na-agba bọọlụ n'ụwa iji kirie na 2011, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/3376/goalcom-youth-football/2011/01/01/2284652/goalcom-hot-100-the-young-stars-to-look-out-for-in-2011|title=Goal.com Hot 100 – The Young Stars To Look Out For in 2011|date=31 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lolade Adewuyi nke Goal. com tinyere ya na ndepụta nke Top Ten Nigerian International Players nke 2010 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/84/africa/2010/12/30/2283874/goalcoms-top-ten-nigerian-players-of-2010|title=Goal.com's Top Ten Nigerian Players of 2010|date=30 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma tinye ya na ndepụta IFFHS nke ndị egwuregwu 140 kachasị mma n'ụwa. 

Na 8 Machị 2011, Ahmed Musa meriri onye bọọlụ bọọlụ nke afọ nke AIT (mba). E mere emume ahụ na Presidential Hotel, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Ihe omume ahụ nwere ndị bịara, onye mmeri BBC African Footballer of the Year, onye Ghana Asamoah Gyan na ndị isi ọrụ si na Njikọ bọọlụ Naijiria gụnyere onye isi ala Aminu Maigari.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201103140568.html|title=Nigeria: AIT Awards – Rewarding Soccer Excellence|first=Peter|author=Edema|date=14 March 2011|publisher=AllAfrica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Eprel, onye nduzi bọọlụ Venlo bụ Mario Captien kwuru na ndị nnọchi anya Tottenham Hotspur gara klọb ahụ gbasara onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.completesportsnigeria.com/news/2011/04/tottenham-interest-in-ahmed-musa-confirmed|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110411051926/http://completesportsnigeria.com/news/2011/04/tottenham-interest-in-ahmed-musa-confirmed|title=VVV Confirm Totenham interest in Ahmed Musa 8 April 2011|archivedate=11 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye na-enyocha [[AFC Ajax|Ajax]] bụ [[Tijani Babangida]] kwukwara na Ajax nwere mmasị na Musa mana a ga-ekpebi ihe ga-esi na ya pụta na ngwụcha oge ahụ. 

N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2011, Musa kụrụ aka iji mee ka Feyenoord daa 3-2 ma kwụsị egwu ọ bụla na-adịgide adịgide nke ịpụ na Eredivisie.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,,12040_6908342,00.html|title=Eredivisie round-up}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2011, mgbe ọ lọtara na 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup na Colombia, Musa pụtara nke mbụ ya n'afọ 2011-12 n'ụlọ megide [[AFC Ajax]] ma gbaa goolu abụọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/|title=Soccer on ESPN - Scores, Stats and Highlights|work=ESPN.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Septemba, onye isi oche VVV-Venlo bụ Hai Berden kpu ghere na Eredivisie Live na VVV-Benlo ajụla ego ikpeazụ nke € 10 nde maka Musa site na Bundesliga. A kpughere aha klọb Bundesliga. 
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.elfvoetbal.nl/Overige/162531/bundesliga-club-bood-tien-miljoen-euro-op-vvver-musa|title=Bundesliga-club bood tien miljoen euro op VVV'er Musa|work=Elfvoetbal.nl}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;
[[Faịlụ:Ahmed_Musa.jpg|thumb|281x281px|Musa na-egwuri egwu maka CSKA Moscow na 2012]]
N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara goolu nkasi obi na nkeji iri asatọ na abụọ na 5-1 UEFA Champions League na A.S. Roma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=nl&amp;u=http://www.vi.nl/Nieuws-item/213859/CSKA-Moskou-neemt-Musa-over-van-VVVVenlo.htm&amp;ei=tZEIT_jDJo-YOq359e8H&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=translate&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=1&amp;sqi=2&amp;ved=0CC0Q7gEwAA&amp;prev=/search?q=CSKA+Moskou+neemt+Musa+over+van+VVV-Venlo&amp;hl=en&amp;biw=1909&amp;bih=982&amp;prmd=imvns|title=Google Translate|work=translate.google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 1 June 2015, Musa bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ ọhụrụ na CSKA ruo na ngwụcha oge 2018-19. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Musa signs new 4-year deal with PFC CSKA|url=http://en.pfc-cska.com/news/team-news/Ahmed-Musa-signs-new-4-year-deal-with-PFC-CSKA/|work=[[PFC CSKA Moscow]]|accessdate=23 June 2015|date=1 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gwụchara oge Premier League nke Russia na 2015-16 dị ka onye nke ise kachasị gbaa bọọlụ, na-aghọ otu n'ime naanị ndị egwuregwu asaa dị afọ 23 ma ọ bụ karịa iji nweta ọnụọgụ abụọ maka ihe mgbaru ọsọ na nke ọ bụla n'ime oge abụọ gara aga na asọmpi asaa kachasị elu na Europe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Musa Ahmed|url=http://en.pfc-cska.com/team/players/*4673/|work=en.pfc-cska.com/|publisher=CSKA Moscow|accessdate=14 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117021421/http://en.pfc-cska.com/team/players/*4673/|archivedate=17 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Faịlụ:David_Luiz_and_Ahmed_Musa.jpg|thumb|Musa (n'aka nri) na-egwuri egwu maka Leicester City na egwuregwu league megide Chelsea na Stamford Bridge na 15 Ọktoba 2016]]
Na 8 Julaị 2016, Musa kwagara Leicester City maka ndekọ klọb £ 16.6 nde.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=[[Leicester City F.C.]]|url=http://www.lcfc.com/news/article/2016-17/leicester-city-agree-deal-for-ahmed-musa-3175203.aspx|title=Leicester City Agree Deal For Ahmed Musa|date=8 July 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231054424/http://www.lcfc.com/news/article/2016-17/leicester-city-agree-deal-for-ahmed-musa-3175203.aspx|archivedate=31 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na klọb ahụ na egwuregwu enyi na enyi megide Barcelona na 2016 International Champions Cup nke gwụrụ na mmeri 4-2.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Barcelona 4-2 Leicester City: Foxes club-record signing Ahmed Musa scores twice|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/36969444|accessdate=8 September 2020|work=BBC Sport|date=3 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere Premier League mbụ ya na 13 Ọgọstụ 2016 n'ụbọchị mmeghe nke klọb ahụ mmeri 2-1 na Hull City.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/36994520|title=Hull City 2–1 Leicester City|publisher=BBC Sport|date=13 August 2016|accessdate=24 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Premier League na mmeri 3-1 megide Crystal Palace na 22 Ọktoba 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Lewis|first=Aimee|title=Leicester City 3-1 Crystal Palace|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/37663854|accessdate=8 September 2020|work=BBC Sport|date=22 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;

Ka ọ na-erule Jenụwarị 2017, Musa ka debanyere aha enyemaka maka klọb ahụ, na-enye aka na nkezi nke 0.5 key passes, 0.3 cross na 1.2 dribbles na-aga nke ọma kwa egwuregwu.

Na 30 Jenụwarị 2018, Musa laghachiri na CSKA Moscow na mgbazinye maka oge fọdụrụ na 2017-18. 

=== Al Nassr ===
N'abalị anọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2018, Musa kwagara n'akụkụ Saudi Arabia bụ Al Nassr na nkwekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ahmed Musa: Leicester City forward joins Al-Nassr in Saudi Arabia|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45055581|publisher=BBC Sport|date=3 August 2018|accessdate=27 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, Al Nassr kwupụtara na Musa na-apụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;premiumtimes&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/football/423111-ahmed-musa-leaves-saudi-club.html|author=Eludini|first=Tunde|title=Ahmed Musa leaves Saudi club|date=26 Oct 2020|work=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kọrọ na a na-atụ anya na klọb Premier League West Bromwich Albion ga-emecha njem maka Musa na windo mbufe Jenụwarị maka oge 2020-21,  mana njem ahụ dara. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2021/01/24/ahmed-musa-train-west-brom-sam-allardyce-considers-options-relegation/|title=Ahmed Musa to train with West Brom as Sam Allardyce 'considers all options' in relegation fight|first=John|author=Percy|date=24 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://africanfootball.com/news/784321/Allardyce-Why-West-Brom-wont-sign-Ahmed-Musa|title=Allardyce: Why West Brom won't sign Ahmed Musa|work=African Football}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Eprel 2021, Musa laghachiri na klọb Naijiria Kano Pillars ruo na ngwụcha oge 2020-21. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-04-13|title=Official: Ahmed Musa rejoins Kano Pillars until the end of the season|url=https://kano-pillars.com/official-ahmed-musa-rejoins-kano-pillars-until-the-end-of-the-season/|accessdate=2021-04-14|work=Kano Pillars FC|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-04-14|title=Ex-Leicester forward Musa rejoins Nigerian club Kano Pillars|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210414-ex-leicester-forward-musa-rejoins-nigerian-club-kano-pillars|accessdate=2021-06-07|work=France 24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Fatih Karagümrük ====
Na 23 Julaị 2021, Musa sonyeere klọb Turkey Fatih Karagümrük, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Inyang|first=Ifreke|date=2021-07-23|title=Ahmed Musa's new club confirmed|url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/07/23/ahmed-musas-new-club-confirmed/|accessdate=2023-07-05|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; na-etinye aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Okeleji|first=Oluwashina|date=23 July 2021|title=Nigeria captain Musa seals European return|language=en-GB|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/57940707|accessdate=2023-07-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe otu oge gasịrị, Musa kwụsịrị nkwekọrịta ya na nkwekọrịta abụọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-09-02|title=Turkey's Fatih Karagumruk terminate Ahmed Musa's contract|url=https://www.thecable.ng/turkeys-fatih-karagumruk-terminate-ahmed-musas-contract|accessdate=2023-07-05|work=[[TheCable]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 2 Septemba 2022, Musa bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ maka otu egwuregwu Turkey bụ Sivasspor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-09-02|title=Ahmed Musa Demir Grup Sivasspor'umuzda - Demir Grup Sivasspor Kulübü Resmi İnternet Sitesi|url=https://www.sivasspor.org.tr/ahmed-musa-demir-grup-sivassporumuzda/|accessdate=2023-07-05|language=tr|archivedate=2023-06-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611134837/https://www.sivasspor.org.tr/ahmed-musa-demir-grup-sivassporumuzda/}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kwụsịrị nkwekọrịta ya na nkwekọrịta abụọ.[2]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Amosu|first=Adeboye|date=2024-02-28|title=Musa Part Ways With Turkish Club Sivasspor|url=https://www.completesports.com/musa-part-ways-with-turkish-club-sivasspor/|accessdate=2024-07-04|work=[[Complete Sports]]|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2024, Musa laghachiri na Kano Pillars maka oge nke atọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://punchng.com/ahmed-musa-sheu-abdullahi-rejoin-kano-pillars/|title=Ahmed Musa, Sheu Abdullahi rejoin Kano Pillars|date=4 October 2024|work=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
[[Faịlụ:Ahmed_Musa_2013.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|Musa na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2013]]
[[Faịlụ:Nigeria_vs_Argentina.jpg|thumb|Musa na Naijiria megide Argentina na 2018 FIFA World Cup]]
N'April 2010, n'okpuru onye nchịkwa Lars Lagerbäck, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bịa n'ogige ọzụzụ ndị otu egwuregwu football nke Nigeria n'ihu 2010 FIFA World Cup na South Africa[1] mgbe o nyeere ndị otu Naijiria aka imeri na 2010 WAFU Nations Cup, na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ megide Benin.  N'otu egwuregwu ahụ ha na Burkina Faso, goolu Musa gbagoro n'ime oge mgbatị ahụ mere ka Naịjirịa nwee ike ịbanye na ngwụcha asọmpi ahụ na Abeokuta.  Agbanyeghị, a manyere ya ịpụ na ndị otu Super Eagles nwere mmadụ iri atọ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ ọ merụrụ ahụ.

N'ụbọchị nke ise n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2010, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, Musa mere nke mbụ ya maka ndị otu Naịjirịa na Egwuregwu iru eru maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2012 megide Madagascar, ebe ọ bịara dị ka onye nọchiri [[John Obi Mikel|Mikel John Obi]] na mmeri 2-0.&lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=344714/profile-detail.html|title=Agmed MUSA|accessdate=26 June 2014|publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musa gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Super Eagles na March 2011 friendly megide Kenya.

N'April 2011, Musa tinyere n'òtù egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Nigeria n'okpuru-20 iji nọchite anya mba ahụ na 2011 African Youth Championship qualifiers, n'agbanyeghị na VVV Venlo kwuputara na ya anọghị ya maka asọmpi ahụ n'ihi nkwa ọgbakọ. Mgbe mkparịta ụka kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na ndị otu Naijiria, VVV Venlo na ndị nnọchiteanya Musa gasịrị, e kwekọrịtara na Musa ga-agbagharị n'etiti Netherlands na South Africa iji soro ndị otu mba ahụ sonye na asọmpi ahụ. Mgbe egwuregwu mmeghe megide ndị na-agbachitere Ghana, Musa meriri ihe nrite ọkpụkpọ kacha baa uru wee banye ụgbọ elu ọzọ laghachi Netherlands.

N'August 2011, Musa nọchitere Nigeria U20 na 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup nke emere na Colombia, ebe o meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ atọ na egwuregwu ise. FIFA tinyere Musa na ndepụta nke 10 ndị ga-aga maka bọọlụ Adidas Golden Ball, bụ nke e nyere onye ọkpụkpọ kachasị ama nke FIFA U-20 World Cup.

Na 7 Disemba 2011, Ahmed Musa bụ otu n'ime ndị anọ a họpụtara maka Confederation of African Football Most Promising Talent Award, agbanyeghị onyinye ahụ gara na Souleymane Coulibaly nke Ivory Coast. 
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/football/news/12447-toure-crowned-african-player-of-the-year-2011.html|title=CAF – CAF Error Page}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kpọrọ Musa ka ọ bịa n'òtù ndị ikom iri abụọ na atọ nke [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/20970786|title=Nations Cup 2013: Nigeria pick six locally-based players|author=Oluwashina Okeleji|date=10 January 2013|accessdate=10 January 2013|publisher=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara na mmeri 4-1 nke ọkara ikpeazụ nke Mali wee pụta dị ka onye nọchiri Burkina Faso na nke ikpeazụ, dịka Super Eagles meriri nke atọ ha. N'ozuzu, ọ pụtara na ise n'ime egwuregwu isii nke otu ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot;/&gt; Na 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, ọ malitere na egwuregwu atọ niile nke otu ahụ ka e wepụrụ ha n'ọkwa otu. &lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot; /&gt;

Mgbe ọ pụtara n'egwuregwu niile nke Naịjirịa, &lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot;/&gt; A kpọrọ aha Musa na ndị otu Stephen Keshi maka 2014 FIFA World Cup. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/27302995|title=World Cup 2014: Nosa Igiebor cut from Nigeria squad|date=3 June 2014|accessdate=26 June 2014|publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara goolu abụọ n'egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke otu F, mmeri 3-2 na Argentina.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/25285406|title=Nigeria 2–3 Argentina|date=25 June 2014|accessdate=26 June 2014|publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2015, mgbe Vincent Enyeama lara ezumike nká na bọọlụ mba ụwa, onye nkuzi Naijiria, Sunday Oliseh kpọrọ Musa dịka onyeisi ndị otu ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4093/nigerian-football/2015/10/09/16174222/official-ahmed-musa-confirmed-nigeria-captain-onazi-his|title=Ahmed Musa confirmed Nigeria captain, Onazi his deputy|date=9 October 2015|accessdate=25 March 2021|publisher=Goal}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, a gbanwere mkpebi a na 2016 ka a họpụtara Mikel John Obi ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi ndị otu Naijiria ma bufee Musa ka ọ bụrụ osote onyeisi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/17252/super-eagles/2016/03/24/21649252/mikel-obi-named-new-nigeria-captain|title=Mikel Obi named new Nigeria captain|date=24 March 2016|accessdate=25 March 2021|publisher=Goal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Mee 2018, a kpọrọ ya aha na ndị otu egwuregwu iri atọ mbụ nke Nigeria maka asọmpi iko mba ụwa nke 2018 na Russia. N'agbanyeghị na ọrụ ya megide Iceland dị oke mma, o zughị ezu idebe ndị West Africa n'asọmpi ahụ ka Argentina wepụrụ ha. Na 22 June 2018, Musa meriri ugboro abụọ na mmeri 2-0 meriri Iceland na egwuregwu nke abụọ ha nke iko mba ụwa. N'ọnwa Jun afọ 2019 ọ ghọrọ onye egwuregwu nke atọ kacha nwee asọmpi maka otu mba Naịjirịa, karịa Nwankwo Kanu, ka ọ pụtachara na egwuregwu enyi na enyi ha na Zimbabwe. Onye isi nchịkwa Gernot Rohr kpọrọ ya aha na otu egwuregwu mba Africa nke 2019. Ọ sokwa na ndị otu Naịjirịa na asọmpi iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2021 na 2023 nke emere na Cameroon na Ivory Coast n'otu n'otu. N'afọ 2023 AFCON, Musa bụ onye nọchiri anya n'oge niile mana ọrụ nchịkwa ya na mmetụta dị mma n'ime otu ahụ bụ nke onye nchịkwa na ndị egwuregwu kwadoro.

N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2021, Musa meriri n'asọmpi mba ụwa nke iri na otu, karịa ihe ndekọ [[Joseph Yobo|Josef Yobo]] nwere n'oge gara aga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/11/13/ahmed-musa-overtakes-enyeama-yobo-to-become-most-capped-super-eagles-player/|title=Ahmed Musa overtakes Enyeama, Yobo to become most-capped Super Eagles player|first=Ifreke|author=Inyang|date=13 November 2021|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2025, Musa kwupụtara ezumike nká ya n'ọrụ mba ụwa, mgbe ọ lara ezumike nkwe, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Akinsanmi|first='Sola|date=2025-12-17|title=Ahmed Musa retires from football, turns focus on administration|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/football/ahmed-musa-retires-from-football-turns-focus-on-administration/|accessdate=2025-12-17|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; o nwere ihe ndekọ nke onye na-agba bọọlụ kacha agba bọọlụ na Naijiria &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Akinbo|first=Peter|date=2025-11-15|title=Top 10 most capped Super Eagles players|url=https://punchng.com/top-10-most-capped-super-eagles-players/|accessdate=2025-12-17|work=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; na egwuregwu 111 maka otu mba.

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
N'ọnwa Eprel 2017, Musa tinyere aka na esemokwu ya na nwunye ya Jamila, nke mere ka a kpọọ ndị uwe ojii n'ụlọ ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Aarons, Ed|title=Leicester's Ahmed Musa considering legal action over reports he beat up wife|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/apr/06/ahmed-musa-leicester-legal-action-wife|accessdate=24 June 2018|work=The Guardian|date=6 April 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, di na nwunye ahụ gbara alụkwaghịm na-esote &quot;ọdịiche na-enweghị ngwọta&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nwachukwu|first=John Owen|title=Why Ahmed Musa divorced his wife|url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/04/15/ahmed-musa-divorced-wife-family-source/|accessdate=24 June 2018|date=15 April 2017|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 23 Mee, Musa lụrụ Juliet Ejue na [[Abuja]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Adetayo|first=Ayoola|title=Ahmed Musa: Nigerian footballer weds Juliet Ejue in Abuja|url=http://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/ahmed-musa-weds-juliet-ejue-in-abuja-id6729438.html|accessdate=24 June 2018|date=24 May 2017|work=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Super Eagles' Ahmed Musa and Juliet Ejue are Married|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/05/super-eagles-ahmed-musa-and-juliet-ejue-are-married/|accessdate=24 June 2018|work=BellaNaija.com|date=24 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 24 Jenụwarị 2019, Musa kwupụtara akụkọ ọnwụ nne ya Sarah Musa na ibe Twitter ya. Ọ na-arịa ọrịa n'oge gara aga.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Admin|title=Ahmed Musa loses mum|url=https://punchng.com/ahmed-musa-loses-mum/|work=[[The Punch]]|date=24 January 2019|accessdate=29 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Nsiyen|first=Nsikak|title=SPORTSuper Eagles player, Ahmed Musa loses mum|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/01/24/super-eagles-player-ahmed-musa-loses-mum/|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|date=24 January 2019|accessdate=29 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Musa onye bụ onye Alakụba, chere nkatọ sitere n'aka [[Ndi áláküba|Ndị Alakụba]] ihu maka ịchọ Krismas na-atọ ụtọ nye ndị na-eso ụzọ instagram ya na post na-ede: &quot;Ekele nke oge ememme a, ana m ekpegara ka ị nwee ezi ọṅụ na udo ma mee ka ihe ndị na-eme ememme ghara ịkwụsị n'ụlọ gị niile. Ka ọ na-etinye foto nke Nwunye Onye Kraịst ya n'akụkụ Osisi Krismas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-12-26|title=Ahmed Musa faces backlash for wishing fans Merry Christmas|url=https://www.afrik-foot.com/en-ng/ahmed-musa-christmas-backlash|accessdate=2024-07-04|work=afrik-foot.com|language=en-ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ịgbaso nkatọ sitere n'aka Ndị Alakụba Naijiria, Musa kpọrọ ndị Naijiria ka ha cheta na &quot;n'egwuregwu mara mma, anyị na-eguzo n'otu, na-agafe agbụrụ na Okpukpe&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;Ubanagu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Ubanagu|first=Makua|date=2024-01-28|title=AFCON: Nigeria stands united, beyond tribe, religion — Musa|url=https://punchng.com/afcon-nigeria-stands-united-beyond-tribe-religion-musa/|accessdate=2024-07-04|work=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Musa rịọkwara ndị Naijiria ka ha &quot;jikọta aka maka udo, ihe mgbaru ọsọ, na ọdịnihu dị mma&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Ubanagu&quot;/&gt;

== Mmasị azụmahịa ==
N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2017, Musa zụrụ ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ụgbọala nke abụọ na Naịjirịa, na-agbasawanye itinye ego ya na ngalaba ike. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Carmichael|first=Charlie|title=Leicester's Ahmed Musa buys second petrol station in Nigeria|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/leicesters-ahmed-musa-buys-second-petrol-station-nigeria|work=FourFourTwo|date=12 October 2017|accessdate=10 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na Febụwarị 1, 2021, Musa nyere iwu ka Ahmed Musa Neighborhood Center, nke dị na Kamazo, mpaghara [[Kaduna]] nke dị na [[Chikun]] Local Government Area. Ihe owuwu ahụ gụnyere mmega ahụ, ogige bọọlụ, na oghere ihe omume, ma na-eje ozi dị ka ebe mmepe ndị ntorobịa na itinye aka na obodo  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Musa’s Neighbourhood Centre Opens in Kaduna|url=https://dateline.ng/ahmed-musas-neighbourhood-centre-opens-in-kaduna/|work=Dateline Nigeria|date=1 February 2021|accessdate=9 September 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Jubilation as Ahmed Musa Commissions Multi-Million Naira Sports Facility in Kaduna|url=https://www.legit.ng/1400706-jubilation-ahmed-musa-commissions-multi-million-naira-sports-facility-kaduna.html|work=[[Legit.ng]]|date=3 February 2021|accessdate=9 September 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ahmed Musa Opens His Multi-Million Naira Centre in Kaduna|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/ahmed-musa-opens-his-multi-million-naira-centre-in-kaduna/20240818|work=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|date=2 February 2021|accessdate=9 September 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Musa Launches Another Big Project in the North|url=https://everyevery.ng/ahmed-musa-lunch-another-big-project-in-the-north/|work=EveryEvery.ng|date=1 February 2021|accessdate=9 September 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Musa Neighborhood Centre Gym|url=https://thenaijabodybuildingdirectory.com/ahmed-musa-neighbourhood-centre-gym/ahmed-musa-neighbourhood-centre-gym/|work=thenaijabodybuildingdirectory.com|accessdate=September 6, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Musa Neighborhood Center|url=https://domynate.com/gym/ahmed-musa-neighborhood-center/|work=domynate.com|accessdate=September 5, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba[a]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ[b]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kọntinent
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |VVV-Venlo
|2010–11
|Eredivisie
|23
|5
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4[c]
|2
|27
|7
|-
|2011–12&lt;ref name=&quot;wf&quot; /&gt;
|Eredivisie
|14
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|15
|3
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!37
!8
!1
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!4
!2
!42
!10
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |CSKA Moscow
|2011–12
|Njikọ Premier nke Russia
|11
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2[d]
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|13
|1
|-
|2012–13&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Russia
|28
|11
|5
|4
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2[e]
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|35
|15
|-
|2013–14&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Russia
|26
|7
|4
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|6[d]
|1
|1[f]
|0
|37
|9
|-
|2014–15&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Russia
|30
|10
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|6[d]
|1
|1[f]
|0
|39
|11
|-
|2015–16&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Russia
|29
|13
|4
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10[d]
|4
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|43
|18
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!124
!42
!15
!6
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!26
!6
!2
!0
!167
!55
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Obodo Leicester
|2016–17
|Njikọ Premier
|21
|2
|4
|2
|1
|0
|5[d]
|0
|1[g]
|0
|32
|4
|-
|2017–18&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!21
!2
!4
!2
!2
!1
!5
!0
!1
!0
!33
!5
|-
|CSKA Moscow (onye a gbazitere) 
|2017–18&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ Premier nke Russia
|10
|6
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|6[e]
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|16
|7
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Al Nassr
|2018–19&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Saudi Pro League
|24
|7
|3
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|4[h]
|1
|31
|10
|-
|2019–20&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Saudi Pro League
|24
|2
|4
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|1[i]
|0
|29
|4
|-
|2020–21&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Saudi Pro League
|2
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!50
!9
!7
!4
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!0
!0
!5
!1
!62
!14
|-
|Ogidi Kano
|2020–21&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Njikọ bọọlụ Naịjirịa
|8
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Fatih Karagümrük
|2021–22&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|31
|2
|3
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|34
|4
|-
|2022–23&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|3
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!34
!2
!3
!2
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!37
!4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Sivasspor
|2022–23&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|17
|0
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|3[j]
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|24
|0
|-
|2023–24&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|2
|0
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!19
!0
!6
!1
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!3
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!28
!1
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!303
!69
!36
!15
!2
!1
!40
!7
!12
!3
!393
!96
|}
 

=== Mba Nile ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ
!Ndị otu mba
!Afọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;16&quot; |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]
|2010
|2
|0
|-
|2011
|10
|1
|-
|2012
|6
|2
|-
|2013
|17
|2
|-
|2014
|12
|4
|-
|2015
|9
|2
|-
|2016
|5
|0
|-
|2017
|5[a]
|0
|-
|2018
|13
|4
|-
|2019
|11
|0
|-
|2020
|4
|0
|-
|2021
|8
|1
|-
|2022
|4
|0
|-
|2023
|2
|0
|-
|2024
|1
|0
|-
|2025
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!110
!16
|}
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{updated|match played 13 November 2021.}}
:''Scores and results list Nigeria's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Musa goal''.&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;/&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+Ndepụta nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa nke Ahmed Musa gbara
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Mba.
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ụbọchị
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ebe a na-anọ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Onye mmegide
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ihe ruru
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Nsonaazụ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ịsọ mpi
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ref.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|29 Machị 2011
|National Stadium, [[Abuja]], Nigeria
| Kenya
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–0
|Ndị nwere omume enyi
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|16 June 2012
|U. J. Esuene Stadium, [[Calabar]], Nigeria
| Rwanda
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2013 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|13 Ọktoba 2012
|U. J. Esuene Stadium, Calabar, Nigeria
| Liberia
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6–1
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|6 Febụwarị 2013
|Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban, South Africa
| Mali
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–1
|2013 Iko Mba Afrịka
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
|June 5, 2013
|Ebe Egwuregwu Mba Nile nke Moi, Kasarani, Kenya
| Kenya
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
|2014 FIFA World Cup iru eru
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |25 June 2014
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Estádio Beira-Rio, Praia de Belas, Brazil
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Argentina
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |2–3
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2014 FIFA World Cup
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–2
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |15 Ọktoba 2014
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |National Stadium, Abuja, Nigeria
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Sudan
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |3–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2015 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |9
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–1
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|28 Machị 2015
|Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit, South Africa
| South Africa
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị nwere omume enyi
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|8 Septemba 2015
|[[Adokiye Amiesimaka Stadium]], Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| Niger
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |22 June 2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Volgograd Arena, Volgograd, Russia
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Iceland
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018 FIFA World Cup
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian220618&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jun/22/nigeria-iceland-ahmed-musa-world-cup-group-d-match-report|title=Nigeria's Ahmed Musa punishes wasteful Iceland to give Argentina hope. Musa also gave out a public announcement|work=The Guardian|accessdate=22 June 2018|date=22 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |13
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |14
|8 Septemba 2018
|Ogige Egwuregwu Linité, Victoria, Seychelles
| Seychelles
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–0
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2019 Africa Cup of Nations iru eru
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |15
|16 Ọktoba 2018
|Ogige Egwuregwu Taïeb Mhiri, Sfax, Tunisia
| Libya
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–2
|
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |16
|13 Nọvemba 2021
|Ogige egwuregwu Ibn Batouta, Tangier, Morocco
| Liberia
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
|2022 FIFA World Cup iru eru
|
|}

* Russian Premier League: 2012-13, 2013-14, 2015-162015–16
* Iko Russia: 2012-132012–13
* Russian Super Cup: 2013, 2014

'''Al-Nassr'''

* Saudi Pro League: 2018-19&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/ahmed-musa-amrabat-and-hamdallah-win-saudi-professional/1vlac224i0b4t1ja01fqctmfpa|title=Ahmed Musa, Amrabat and Hamdallah win Saudi Professional League title with Al Nassr|publisher=Goal|accessdate=18 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Saudi Super Cup: 2019

'''Naịjirịa U20'''

'''Naịjirịa'''

* Africa Cup of Nations: 2013; onye nke abụọ: 2023; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Stevens|first=Rob|date=11 February 2024|title=Nigeria 1–2 Ivory Coast|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68196261|accessdate=12 February 2024|work=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebe nke atọ: 2019 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 July 2019|title=Tunisia 0–1 Nigeria|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48932084|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227223831/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48932084|archivedate=27 February 2021|accessdate=18 July 2019|publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Iko Mba WAFU: 2010

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na Njikọ Premier nke Nigeria: 2009-102009–10
* Na ndepụta nke ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ 33 kachasị mma nke asọmpi nke Russia: 2012-132012–13
* Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na Russia: 2012-132012–13
* Ndị otu CAF nke Afọ: 2014&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Glo-CAF awards 2014 winners|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/54/119850/Sports/Africa/GloCAF-awards--winners-.aspx|publisher=Ahram|date=January 9, 2015|accessdate=December 9, 2015|archivedate=28 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628015452/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/6/54/119850/Sports/Africa/GloCAF-awards--winners-.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Iwu'''

* Onye otu Order of the Niger &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Abulmalik|first=Abdulrahman|date=13 February 2013|title=Jonathan doles out cash, land, national honours to Super Eagles|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/120039-jonathan-doles-out-cash-land-national-honours-to-super-eagles.html?tztc=1|accessdate=2024-02-17|work=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[Faịlụ:Order_of_the_Niger_civil_division_ribbon.svg|60x60px]]
* Onye isi nke Order of the Niger &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Adeola|first=Ridwan|date=2024-02-13|title=AFCON 2023: Tinubu confers national honour of OON on Ahmed Musa|url=https://www.legit.ng/sports/football/1578649-afcon-2023-ahmed-musa-higher-award-tinubu-confers-national-honours-super-eagles-players/|accessdate=2024-02-15|work=[[Legit.ng]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[Faịlụ:Order_of_the_Niger_civil_division_ribbon.svg|60x60px]]

== Hụkwa ==

* Portal bọọlụ n'Africa 

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Sister project/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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{{Nnọọ|username=Eboms Divinefavour|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 12:00, 12 Mee 2026 (UTC)}}</text>
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'''Ubong Essien''' {{Audio|Ig-Ubong Essien.ogg|listen}} (amụrụ na 17 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2001) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'etiti maka klọb Nigeria Professional Football League Akwa United . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.flashscore.com.ng/player/essien-ubong/nRG0IPda/|title=Ubong Essien|publisher=Flashcore|accessdate=23 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Essien malitere ọrụ aka ya n'afọ 2018, mgbe ọ sonyeere Akwa United si Kano nke dabeere na Welcome Time Soccer Academy.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/akwa-united-unveil-otegbeye-kester-mbaoma13-other-signings/l3asaeg9jmkj1p0c51jiniqbg/|title=Akwa United unveil Otegbeye, Kester, Mbaoma,13 other signings|publisher=goal.com|accessdate=7 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bịanyere aka na klọb [[Uyo]] na 1 n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2018, mana a kpughere ya na 7 Jenụwarụ 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/01/npfl-akwa-united-unveil-16-new-players/|title=NPFL: Akwa United unveil 16 new players|accessdate=7 March 2021|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Essien mere nke mbụ ya na Nigeria Professional Football League maka klọb ahụ na mmeri 2-1 megide Enyimba na 30 Mee 2018. 

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
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'''Jean Efala Komguep''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1992) bụ onye Cameroon na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka Onye na-edebe goolu maka klọb Nigerian Professional Football League Akwa United .  Ọ pụtara otu ugboro maka otu mba Cameroon n'afọ 2013. Ọ nọchitere anya otu egwuregwu mba Cameroon U20 n'oge gara aga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Alao|first=Seyi|date=2021-03-05|title=Akwa United's goalkeeper Jean Efala in Cameroon squad for Afcon qualifiers|url=https://www.brila.net/akwa-uniteds-goalkeeper-jean-efala-in-cameroon-squad-for-afcon-qualifiers/|accessdate=2024-07-20|work=Latest Sports News In Nigeria|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Efala was born in Mfou. He began his professional playing career in 2010 to Fovu Baham. He was later sold to Coton Sport F.C. for whom he appeared in several matches, including in the CAF Champions League. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

N'afọ 2018, ọ sonyeere Akwa United n'akụkụ Naijiria wee gbaa egwuregwu asaa ka ọ na-aga n'ọkwa egwuregwu mbụ nke klọb na 2021.

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Na 2011, a kpọrọ Efala ka ọ bụrụ ndị otu Cameroon Under-20 ka ha sonye na FIFA Under-20 World Cup. Ọ natara oku mba ụwa nke mbụ ya megide Tanzania na 6 February 2013 ma kemgbe a na-akpọ ya ndị otu egwuregwu mba ọtụtụ ugboro.

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Egwuregwu Coton'''

* Elite One: 2013, 2014, 2015
* Iko Cameroon: 2014

'''Akwa United'''

* NPFL: 2020-212020–21

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Jean Efalana National-Football-Teams.com
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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'''Omar Rekik''' (Arabic; amụrụ na 20 Disemba 2001) bụ [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-azụ azụ maka klọb PrvaLiga nke Slovenia bụ Maribor .  A mụrụ ya na Netherlands, ọ na-anọchite anya otu mba Tunisia.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
Born in Helmond, Netherlands&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; to a Tunisian father and a Dutch mother,&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Jerbi|first=Rania|date=27 May 2021|title=Equipe nationale –Tunisie: Omar Rekik officiellement &quot; Aigle de Carthage &quot;|url=https://africafootunited.com/equipe-nationale-tunisie-omar-rekik-officiellement-aigle-de-carthage/|accessdate=16 June 2021|work=Africa Foot United|language=fr-FR|archivedate=12 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612225042/https://africafootunited.com/equipe-nationale-tunisie-omar-rekik-officiellement-aigle-de-carthage/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Jerbi|first=Rania|date=31 May 2021|title=Tunisie: Karim Rekik sur les traces de son frère Omar ?|url=https://africafootunited.com/tunisie-karim-rekik-sur-les-traces-de-son-frere-omar/|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=Africa Foot United|language=fr-FR|archivedate=23 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623092749/https://africafootunited.com/tunisie-karim-rekik-sur-les-traces-de-son-frere-omar/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Rekik was part of several big European clubs during his youth career, following his brother Karim from Feyenoord to Manchester City, then PSV and Marseille, before joining Hertha Berlin in 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=18 October 2018|title=Omar Rekik: talento tunisino classe 2001|url=https://www.worldfootballscouting.com/scheda-giocatore/omar-rekik-talento-tunisino-classe-2001/|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=World Football Scouting|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Rault|first=Mathieu|date=19 November 2020|title=Arsenal veut l'ancien Marseillais Omar Rekik|url=https://www.footmercato.net/a9202567754292505247-arsenal-veut-lancien-marseillais-omar-rekik|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=Foot Mercato|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; However, their careers eventually split during the 2020–21 season, as Omar was transferred from the Bundesliga side to Arsenal in January 2021,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Omar Rekik signs professional contract|url=https://www.arsenal.com/news/omar-rekik-signs-professional-contract|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=Arsenal F.C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=7 January 2021|title=Arsenal sign Omar Rekik|url=https://www.besoccer.com/new/arsenal-sign-omar-rekik-936923|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=BeSoccer}}&lt;/ref&gt; while Karim joined Spanish side Sevilla a few months earlier.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Na 31 Jenụwarị 2023, Rekik sonyeere Wigan Athletic nke asọmpi EFL na mbinye ego ruo na njedebe nke oge. Na 1 Septemba 2023, ọ laghachiri na Wigan Athletic nke EFL League One na nkwekọrịta mbinye ego obere oge ruo Jenụwarị 2024.

N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2024, Rekik kwagara na mgbazinye ego ọhụrụ na Servette na Switzerland, yana nhọrọ ịzụta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|work=Servette FC|url=https://servettefc.ch/omar-rekik-rejoint-les-grenat/|title=Omar Rekik rejoint les Grenat|date=2 February 2024|accessdate=3 February 2024|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Ọ bụ ezie na nwanne ya nwoke bụ Karim bụ onye isi ndị otu mba Netherlands, a họpụtara Omar nke mbụ maka ndị egwuregwu Tunisia n'okpuru-21 na October 2018, mgbe ọ dị nanị afọ 16, [1] tupu ọ banye na Netherlands n'okpuru-18 otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị.

Rekik mechara kpebie isonyere Ndị otu mba Tunisia na Mee 2021, ebe Mondher Kebaier họpụtara ya na ndị egwuregwu ndị ọzọ na-eto eto dịka Hannibal Mejbri.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Jerbi|first=Rania|date=27 May 2021|title=Equipe nationale –Tunisie: Omar Rekik officiellement &quot; Aigle de Carthage &quot;|url=https://africafootunited.com/equipe-nationale-tunisie-omar-rekik-officiellement-aigle-de-carthage/|accessdate=16 June 2021|work=Africa Foot United|language=fr-FR|archivedate=12 June 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612225042/https://africafootunited.com/equipe-nationale-tunisie-omar-rekik-officiellement-aigle-de-carthage/}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFJerbi2021&quot;&gt;Jerbi, Rania (27 May 2021). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=30 May 2021|title=Cérémonie de présentation des deux néo-internationaux, Hannibal Mejbri et Omar Rekik|url=https://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/video/602996/ceremonie-de-presentation-des-deux-neo-internationaux-hannibal-mejbri-et-omar-rekik|accessdate=16 June 2021|work=[[Mosaïque FM]]|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere nke mbụ ya na mba ụwa na 15 June 2021, Mali dị ka onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti na mmeri enyi na enyi 1-0 megide Mali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 June 2021|title=Amical: Formation rentrante de la Tunisie face au Mali|url=https://www.kawarji.com/actu-66449-amical-formation-rentrante-de-la-tunisie-face-au-mali.html|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=kawarji.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 June 2021|title=Amical, Tunisie –Mali : La victoire et c'est tout pour les Aigles de Carthage {{!}} Africa Foot United|url=https://africafootunited.com/amical-tunisie-mali-la-victoire-et-cest-tout-pour-les-aigles-de-carthage/|accessdate=15 June 2021|work=africafootunited.com|language=fr-FR|archivedate=1 August 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801141842/https://africafootunited.com/amical-tunisie-mali-la-victoire-et-cest-tout-pour-les-aigles-de-carthage/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
{{updated|22 January 2024}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kọntinent
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Hertha BSC nke Abụọ
|2020–21
|Regionalliga Nordost
|8
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Ngwá Agha
|2020–21
|Njikọ Premier
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|2021–22
|Njikọ Premier
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
|2022–23
|Njikọ Premier
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!0
!0
!0
!0
|-
|Arsenal U23
|2021–22
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2[a]
|0
|2
|0
|-
|Sparta Rotterdam (onye a gbazitere) 
|2022–23
|Eredivisie
|6
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|6
|0
|-
|Wigan Athletic (nke a gbazinyere) 
|2022–23
|Mmeri
|11
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|0
|-
|Wigan Athletic (nke a gbazinyere) 
|2023–24
|Njikọ nke Mbụ
|10
|0
|2
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2[a]
|0
|14
|0
|-
|Ihe a na-ejere ozi
|2023–24
|Njikọ Super Switzerland
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!35
!1
!2
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!4
!0
!41
!1
|}

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>jzc0w4wgc7lcmhz7se6bgfwhh1ndher</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Marshal Johnson</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-12T12:26:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NiferO</username>
        <id>20385</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325398191|Marshal Johnson]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632763</origin>
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 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;'''Marshal Mfon Johnson''' {{Audio|Ig-Marshal Mfon Johnson.ogg|listen}} (amụrụ na 12 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1989) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba maka [[:hr:NK Buje|NK Buje]] .

== Ọrụ ==
Johnson malitere ọrụ ya na Akwa United F.C. wee sonye na 26 Mee 2009 na klọb [[Belgium]] R. Union Saint-Gilloise  bụ ndị bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lameuse.be/sports/sport_regional/bruxelles/2009-05-26/foot-3-4-arrivees-13-departs-union-704679.shtml|title=Foot D.3: 4 arrivées mais aussi... 13 départs à l’Union!|accessdate=12 July 2009|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304225907/http://www.lameuse.be/sports/sport_regional/bruxelles/2009-05-26/foot-3-4-arrivees-13-departs-union-704679.shtml}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 24 n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2010 hapụrụ R. Union Saint-Gilloise wee bịanye aka na KAS Eupen 

N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2011, Johnson bịanyere aka na Honvéd na mgbazinye ego. N'ọnwa Machị 2018, Johnson bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na klọb Premier League nke Armenia FC Pyunik . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://armfootball.com/rus/news/95115/pyunik-priobrel-nigeriiyskogo-poluzashchitnika.html|work=armfootball.com|publisher=Armfootball|accessdate=12 March 2018|language=Russian|date=1 March 2018|archivedate=11 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311093526/http://armfootball.com/rus/news/95115/pyunik-priobrel-nigeriiyskogo-poluzashchitnika.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}Njikọ mpụga&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Macauley Chrisantus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>632764</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T12:28:18Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334439955|Macauley Chrisantus]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Macauley Chrisantus''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke ikpeazụ ya gbara bọọlụ dị ka onye na-agbachitere Lynx.

== Ọrụ ==
A mụrụ ya na [[Abuja]], Chrisantus sonyeere Hamburger SV na 2007 site na Abuja,&lt;ref name=&quot;skysports&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Hamburg beat Prem giants to starlet|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11661_2880151,00.html|work=[[Sky Sports]]|date=13 November 2007|accessdate=12 June 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; mgbe ọ dọtara onyinye site na ọtụtụ nnukwu klọb Europe, ma eleghị anya n'ihi enyemaka ya na mmeri nke World Junior Cup nke Naịjirịa n'afọ ahụ dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na onye nke abụọ kacha mma na asọmpi ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Offers pour in for Chrisantus|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/7000947.stm|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=18 September 2007|accessdate=12 June 2009|first=Ibrahim|author=Sannie}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2009, a gbazinyere ya Karlsruher SC maka oge 2009-10, mana na 15 Eprel 2010, KSC gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta mgbazinye maka afọ ọzọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/chrisantus-bleibt-badener-523692/artikel|title=Chrisantus bleibt Badener|language=de|publisher=[[Kicker (magazine)|Kicker]]|accessdate=7 August 2011|date=15 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 21 Julaị 2014, Chrisantus bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na otu Turkish Süper Lig Sivasspor mgbe afọ abụọ ya gara nke ọma na Las Palmas na Spain.

Na Jenụwarị 2015, Chrisantus bịanyere aka na ụlọ ọgbakọ Greek AEK Athens na nkwekọrịta ọnwa 18 yana nhọrọ nke afọ abụọ ọzọ dabere na arụmọrụ. Na 4 October 2015, na agba nke isii nke Greek Super League na nkeji asatọ fọdụrụ, o meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya na mmeri megide Atromitos mgbe ọ bịarutere dị ka onye nnọchi. Mgbe ejikọtara ya na nkwupụta nwere ike ịhapụ ya na Jenụwarị, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ na njedebe nke oge, ka nkwekọrịta ya agwụla.

Na 6 Julaị 2016, Chrisantus bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na Reus Deportiu, laghachi Spain afọ abụọ mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Las Palmas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cfreusdeportiu.com/2016/07/06/macauley-chrisantus-aterra-divendres-a-lestadi/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20160713082859/http://cfreusdeportiu.com/2016/07/06/macauley-chrisantus-aterra-divendres-a-lestadi/|archivedate=13 July 2016|title=Macauley Chrisantus aterra dijous a l'Estadi|publisher=CF Reus Deportiu|language=ca|date=6 July 2016|accessdate=7 July 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 12 Septemba 2017 ọ laghachiri na Super League wee sonye n'akụkụ ọhụrụ a na-akwalite Lamia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/epishmo-sth-lamia-ntakol-kai-krisantoys.4841474.html|title=Επίσημο: Στη Λαμία Ντακόλ και Κρισάντους|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=11 September 2017|accessdate=12 December 2017|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143121/http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/epishmo-sth-lamia-ntakol-kai-krisantoys.4841474.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, na 12 Disemba 2017, mgbe ọ gbasịrị naanị egwuregwu abụọ, ọ gbasara nkwekọrịta ya na klọb ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/telos-o-krisantoys-ap-th-lamia.4982733.html|title=Τέλος ο Κρισάντους απ' τη Λαμία|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=12 December 2017|accessdate=12 December 2017|archivedate=15 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215060912/http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/telos-o-krisantoys-ap-th-lamia.4982733.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Chrisantus nọchitere anya Naịjirịa U17, ọ bụkwa onye kacha gbaa goolu na 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup na Korea na goolu asaa, e nyekwara ya Adidas Silver Ball. O ji ụkwụ aka nri ya gbaa goolu asaa niile.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Careers after Korea|url=https://www.fifa.com/newscentre/news/newsid=1005792.html|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=28 January 2009|accessdate=12 June 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
{{updated|match played 15 January 2018|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=M. Chrisantus |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/macauley-chrisantus/39464/ |work=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group |access-date=16 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Hamburg nke Abụọ
|2007–08
|Regionalliga Nord
|12
|4
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|12
|4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Karlsruher SC (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2009–10
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2. Bundesliga
|25
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|3
|-
|2010–11
|22
|8
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|22
|8
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!47
!11
!1
!0
!0
!0
!48
!11
|-
|FSV Frankfurt (ụgwọ) 
|2011–12
|2. Bundesliga
|26
|8
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|27
|8
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Las Palmas
|2012–13
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Nkewa nke Abụọ
|42
|12
|5
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|47
|13
|-
|2013–14
|25
|8
|3
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|9
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!67
!20
!8
!2
!0
!0
!75
!22
|-
|Sivasspor
|2014–15
|Süper Lig
|8
|1
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|12
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |AEK Athens
|2014–15
|Njikọ bọọlụ
|16
|6
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|6
|-
|2015–16
|Njikọ Super Gris
|8
|1
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!24
!7
!3
!1
!0
!0
!27
!8
|-
|Reus Deportiu
|2016–17
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|9
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|9
|0
|-
|Lamia
|2017–18
|Njikọ Super Gris
|0
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!193
!51
!19
!3
!0
!0
!212
!54
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''AEK Athens'''

* Njikọ bọọlụ: 2014-15 South Group2014-15 Ndịda
* Iko mba Gris: 2015-162015–16

'''Naịjirịa U17'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2007

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Shoe: 2007
* FIFA U-17 World Cup Silver Ball: 2007

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334439955|Macauley Chrisantus]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Macauley Chrisantus''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1990) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke ikpeazụ ya gbara bọọlụ dị ka onye na-agbachitere Lynx.

== Ọrụ ==
A mụrụ ya na [[Abuja]], Chrisantus sonyeere Hamburger SV na 2007 site na Abuja,&lt;ref name=&quot;skysports&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Hamburg beat Prem giants to starlet|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11661_2880151,00.html|work=[[Sky Sports]]|date=13 November 2007|accessdate=12 June 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; mgbe ọ dọtara onyinye site na ọtụtụ nnukwu klọb Europe, ma eleghị anya n'ihi enyemaka ya na mmeri nke World Junior Cup nke Naịjirịa n'afọ ahụ dị ka onye kacha gbaa goolu na onye nke abụọ kacha mma na asọmpi ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Offers pour in for Chrisantus|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/7000947.stm|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=18 September 2007|accessdate=12 June 2009|first=Ibrahim|author=Sannie}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2009, a gbazinyere ya Karlsruher SC maka oge 2009-10, mana na 15 Eprel 2010, KSC gbatịkwuru nkwekọrịta mgbazinye maka afọ ọzọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/chrisantus-bleibt-badener-523692/artikel|title=Chrisantus bleibt Badener|language=de|publisher=[[Kicker (magazine)|Kicker]]|accessdate=7 August 2011|date=15 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 21 Julaị 2014, Chrisantus bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na otu Turkish Süper Lig Sivasspor mgbe afọ abụọ ya gara nke ọma na Las Palmas na Spain.

Na Jenụwarị 2015, Chrisantus bịanyere aka na ụlọ ọgbakọ Greek AEK Athens na nkwekọrịta ọnwa 18 yana nhọrọ nke afọ abụọ ọzọ dabere na arụmọrụ. Na 4 October 2015, na agba nke isii nke Greek Super League na nkeji asatọ fọdụrụ, o meriri ihe mgbaru ọsọ mbụ ya na mmeri megide Atromitos mgbe ọ bịarutere dị ka onye nnọchi. Mgbe ejikọtara ya na nkwupụta nwere ike ịhapụ ya na Jenụwarị, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ ọgbakọ ahụ na njedebe nke oge, ka nkwekọrịta ya agwụla.

Na 6 Julaị 2016, Chrisantus bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta otu afọ na Reus Deportiu, laghachi Spain afọ abụọ mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Las Palmas.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://cfreusdeportiu.com/2016/07/06/macauley-chrisantus-aterra-divendres-a-lestadi/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20160713082859/http://cfreusdeportiu.com/2016/07/06/macauley-chrisantus-aterra-divendres-a-lestadi/|archivedate=13 July 2016|title=Macauley Chrisantus aterra dijous a l'Estadi|publisher=CF Reus Deportiu|language=ca|date=6 July 2016|accessdate=7 July 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 12 Septemba 2017 ọ laghachiri na Super League wee sonye n'akụkụ ọhụrụ a na-akwalite Lamia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/epishmo-sth-lamia-ntakol-kai-krisantoys.4841474.html|title=Επίσημο: Στη Λαμία Ντακόλ και Κρισάντους|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=11 September 2017|accessdate=12 December 2017|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143121/http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/epishmo-sth-lamia-ntakol-kai-krisantoys.4841474.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, na 12 Disemba 2017, mgbe ọ gbasịrị naanị egwuregwu abụọ, ọ gbasara nkwekọrịta ya na klọb ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/telos-o-krisantoys-ap-th-lamia.4982733.html|title=Τέλος ο Κρισάντους απ' τη Λαμία|publisher=www.sport24.gr|date=12 December 2017|accessdate=12 December 2017|archivedate=15 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215060912/http://www.sport24.gr/football/omades/Lamia/telos-o-krisantoys-ap-th-lamia.4982733.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Chrisantus nọchitere anya Naịjirịa U17, ọ bụkwa onye kacha gbaa goolu na 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup na Korea na goolu asaa, e nyekwara ya Adidas Silver Ball. O ji ụkwụ aka nri ya gbaa goolu asaa niile.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Careers after Korea|url=https://www.fifa.com/newscentre/news/newsid=1005792.html|publisher=[[FIFA]]|date=28 January 2009|accessdate=12 June 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
{{updated|match played 15 January 2018|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=M. Chrisantus |url=https://uk.soccerway.com/players/macauley-chrisantus/39464/ |work=Soccerway |publisher=Perform Group |access-date=16 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Hamburg nke Abụọ
|2007–08
|Regionalliga Nord
|12
|4
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|12
|4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Karlsruher SC (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2009–10
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2. Bundesliga
|25
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|3
|-
|2010–11
|22
|8
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|22
|8
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!47
!11
!1
!0
!0
!0
!48
!11
|-
|FSV Frankfurt (ụgwọ) 
|2011–12
|2. Bundesliga
|26
|8
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|27
|8
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Las Palmas
|2012–13
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Nkewa nke Abụọ
|42
|12
|5
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|47
|13
|-
|2013–14
|25
|8
|3
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|9
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!67
!20
!8
!2
!0
!0
!75
!22
|-
|Sivasspor
|2014–15
|Süper Lig
|8
|1
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|12
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |AEK Athens
|2014–15
|Njikọ bọọlụ
|16
|6
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|6
|-
|2015–16
|Njikọ Super Gris
|8
|1
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!24
!7
!3
!1
!0
!0
!27
!8
|-
|Reus Deportiu
|2016–17
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|9
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|9
|0
|-
|Lamia
|2017–18
|Njikọ Super Gris
|0
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!193
!51
!19
!3
!0
!0
!212
!54
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''AEK Athens'''

* Njikọ bọọlụ: 2014-15 South Group2014-15 Ndịda
* Iko mba Gris: 2015-162015–16

'''Naịjirịa U17'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2007

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Shoe: 2007
* FIFA U-17 World Cup Silver Ball: 2007

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>7m853pj8zjjqa6tvoc73arrzq3j0x36</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ime Ndon</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75493</id>
    <revision>
      <id>632766</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T12:31:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NiferO</username>
        <id>20385</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341902446|Ime Ndon]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632766</origin>
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      <text bytes="1170" sha1="mja468gd354adxnnmqlar22d0l5n282" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt; 

'''Ime Udo Ndon''' (amụrụ na 7 n'ọnwa Junn afọ 2003) bụ onye ọkacha mara Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere Liga I club UTA Arad. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.uta-arad.ro/stiri/bun-venit-ime-ndon|title=Bun venit, Ime Ndon|publisher=uta-arad.ro}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://moldfootball.com/ro/news/-milsami-poluchit-svojj-procent-ot-budushhejj-prodazhi-ndona-kotoryjj-pereshel-v-rumynskijj-klub|title=Milsami va primi un procent din viitoarea vânzare a lui Ime Ndon, care s-a transferat în România|publisher=moldfootball.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://agerpres.ro/sport/2026/01/07/fotbal-uta-l-a-transferat-pe-nigerianul-ime-ndon--1516987|title=Fotbal: UTA l-a transferat pe nigerianul Ime Ndon|publisher=agerpres.ro}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Milsami Orhei'''

* Moldovan Super League: 2024-252024–25
* Cupa Moldovei onye nke abụọ: 2024-252024–25

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ime Ndonn'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ
{{FC UTA Arad squad}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>mja468gd354adxnnmqlar22d0l5n282</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Umar Abubakar</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75494</id>
    <revision>
      <id>632767</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T12:32:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352567204|Umar Abubakar]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632767</origin>
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 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;'''Umar Abubakar''' (amụrụ na 15 Febụwarị 2006) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka otu egwuregwu Primeira Liga Famalicão .

== Ọrụ ==
Ngwaahịa ntorobịa nke ụlọ ọgbakọ Naijiria Footwork FC, Abubakar sonyeere Jong Gent na mbinye ego maka oge 2024–25 na Belgium Division 1. Ọ gụchara oge ahụ dị ka onye kachasị nye goolu maka Jong Gent nwere ihe mgbaru ọsọ 21 na ngosi 26. A kpọkwara ya aha onye ọkpụkpọ oge nke Jong Gent. Na 15 Julaị 2025, ọ bịanyere aka na ụlọ ọgbakọ Portuguese Primeira Liga Famalicão na nkwekọrịta afọ ise.[4] Ya na Famalicão mere mpụta mbụ ọkachamara ya na mmeri 1–0 meriri Tondela na 16 Ọgọst 2025.

Abubakar gbara bọọlụ maka ndị otu Nigeria U-17 na 2023 U-17 Africa Cup of Nations . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports247.ng/umar-abubakar-shines-bright-7-goals-in-14-matches-for-jong-kaa-gent/|title=Umar Abubakar Shines Bright: 7 Goals in 14 Matches for Jong KAA Gent!|first=Lovette|author=Ochicha|date=15 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nsọpụrụ ==

* 2024-25 Belgian Division 1 onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sports247.ng/umar-abubakar-ends-season-as-top-scorer-in-belgian-national-division-1-vv/|title=Umar Abubakar Ends Season as Top Scorer in Belgian National Division 1 VV|first=Jide|author=Taiwo|date=28 April 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>ms8h33f9kzis9ynxox26jjoggkxjeoc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>John Ugochukwu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75495</id>
    <revision>
      <id>632770</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T12:40:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345706133|John Ogu]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632770</origin>
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'''Ugochukwu John Ogu''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1988) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya dị ka onye na-agbachitere etiti maka klọb Israel Maccabi Jaffa .

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Ọrụ mmalite ===
Ogu malitere ịgba bọọlụ na ngalaba ndị ntorobịa nke [[Dakkada|Akwa Starlets]], Akwa United na Flying Sports Academy. N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2006, ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị elu na Slovenia mgbe ya na Drava Ptuj bịanyere aka na PrvaLiga nke Slovenia. N'ime afọ anọ ọ nọrọ, Ogu gbara goolu asatọ n'egwuregwu 97.

=== Na Portugal ===
N'oge okpomọkụ nke 2010, Ogu kwagara Atlético Clube de Portugal, bụ nke na-egwuri egwu na Terceira Divisão na Portugal. Mgbe ọnwa isii gachara, ọ kwagara Spain gbara agbata obi wee bịanye aka na Almería, mana ọ na-egwuri egwu naanị na Almería B nke ngalaba nke atọ. Na Nọvemba 2011 Ogu laghachiri na Portugal wee sonye na Leiria, mana na njedebe nke oge ahụ, otu ahụ dabara na ngalaba nke abụọ.

In July 2012, Ogu moved to Académica from Primeira Liga. Ogu scored his first goal in the third round of the Portuguese Cup against [[AD Ponte da Barca|Ponte da Barca]]. He scored his first league goal against Vitória de Setúbal in a decisive win that ensured the team remain in the top division. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; All in all, Ogu played two years at Académica and scored one goal in 27 league appearances.

=== Hapoel Be'er Sheva ===
Na oge 2014–15, Ogu rutere Israel na na 2 Septemba 2014 mere mpụta mbụ ya na Hapoel Be'er Sheva na 0–0 sere megide Maccabi Petah Tikva na iko Toto. Na 7 Septemba, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ na Hapoel Be'er Sheva.  Ụbọchị ise ka e mesịrị, o mere mpụta mbụ ya na Premier League nke Israel mgbe o meghere otu megide Beitar Jerusalem na Vasermil Stadium na na 29 Nọvemba gbatara goolu mbụ ya na Hapoel Be'er Sheva na 4–0 n'ụlọ ha meriri Maccabi Netanya. Na oge mbụ nke otu, na na njedebe nke oge ruru ikpeazụ nke Israel State Cup, na-efunahụ Maccabi Tel Aviv.

N'afọ 2015-16, ya na Hapoel Be'er Sheva gbara asọmpi na UEFA Europa League ma gbaa goolu megide FC Thun site na Swiss Super League, mana e wepụrụ ndị otu ahụ na egwuregwu abụọ ahụ. Ka oge na-aga, ọ gbara goolu anọ ma nyere aka ise, ọ bụ akụkụ nke mmeri nke otu ahụ na State Championship ma soro na ndị na-achọ ịbụ onye na-agba bọọlụ nke oge ahụ.

Na-abanye na oge 2016–17, a họọrọ Ogu na webụsaịtị egwuregwu Walla dị ka ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ 1 na Israel site na ndị nta akụkọ egwuregwu 60 na ndị ọkachamara. Na 11 Ọgọst 2016, Ogu meriri Israel Super Cup na Hapoel Be'er Sheva mgbe ọ meriri 4–2 megide Maccabi Haifa. Ka oge na-aga, ọ zutere otu ndị na-eru eru UEFA Champions League wee ruo n'ọsọ egwuregwu nke e wepụrụ ya megide Celtic, n'ihi ya wee daa na UEFA Europa League ogbo. Na 28 Disemba, Ogu na Hapoel Be'er Sheva meriri iko Toto ka ha nwesịrị 4–1 meriri Ironi Kiryat Shmona na egwuregwu ikpeazụ. Na 29 Eprel 2017, Ogu meriri goolu mmeri na egwuregwu asọmpi megide Maccabi Tel Aviv na-enyere Hapoel Be'er Sheva aka imeri asọmpi egwuregwu nke ugboro abụọ n'usoro.

=== Al-Adalah ===
Na Jenụwarị 2020, Ogu bịanyere aka na Al-Adalah na nkwekọrịta ọnwa isii. Ọ hapụrụ klọb ahụ mgbe ọ pụtara ugboro asaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Adewoye|first=Gbenga|title=Ogu: Nigeria midfielder's emotional farewell message as Covid-19 ends Al-Adalah career|url=https://www.goal.com/en-cm/news/ogu-nigeria-midfielders-emotional-farewell-message-as-covid/16lp5c9gfxqdfznris6uppqgm|work=goal.com|accessdate=31 March 2021|date=10 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 2 Febụwarị 2022, Ogu laghachiri Israel iji sonye na klọb ọhụrụ a na-akwalite H. Nof HaGalil ruo na ngwụcha oge ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Iyanda|first=Niyi|date=23 January 2022|title=Nigerian midfielder John Ogu returns to Israel, joins Hapoel Nof Hagalil|url=https://www.pulse.ng/sports/football/super-eagles/john-ogu-joins-israeli-side-hapoel-nof-hagalil/w8yrgb1|accessdate=3 February 2022|work=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Maccabi Jaffa ===

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
N'ọnwa Machị afọ 2013, a kpọrọ Ogu ka ọ gaa n'[[Nigeria national football team|Akụkụ mba Naijiria]] maka asọmpi FIFA World Cup nke afọ 2014. Ọ malitere megide Kenya na 1-1 draw, ebe e ji ya dochie anya onye merụrụ ahụ [[Victor Moses]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria VS Kenya|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=258334/match=300180952/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420082753/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=258334/match=300180952/index.html|archivedate=20 April 2014|work=Fifa.com|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Mee, Ogu gbara goolu mba ụwa mbụ ya megide Mexico n'Egwuregwu enyi na enyi nke mere na Reliant Stadium na Houston. Na 9 June, onye nkuzi Naijiria [[Stephen Keshi]] họọrọ Ogu dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu 23 sonyere na 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria to take new-look squad to Confederations Cup|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/22827902|work=BBC|date=9 June 2013|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2015, a kpọrọ ya na ndị egwuregwu iri abụọ na asaa ndị ọzọ maka egwuregwu enyi na enyi megide Bolivia na South Africa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ogu Happy To Be Recalled To Nigeria Set-Up|url=http://www.soccerladuma.co.za/news/articles/categories/super-eagles/john-ogu-celebrates-super-eagles-recall/204311|work=SoccerLaduma|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a kpọrọ aha ya na ndị otu iri atọ nke Naijiria maka 2018 FIFA World Cup na Russia. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Crawford|first=Stephen|title=Revealed: Every World Cup 2018 squad - Final 23-man lists|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/revealed-every-world-cup-2018-squad-23-man-preliminary-lists/oa0atsduflsv1nsf6oqk576rb|work=Goal|accessdate=16 July 2019|date=4 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gụnyere ya na ndị otu mmadụ iri abụọ na atọ na AFCON 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201906120056.html|title=Nigeria: Super Eagles' Team List for Afcon 2019|date=12 June 2019|work=allAfrica.com|language=en|accessdate=9 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Klọb ===
{{Updated|1 July 2023}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Europe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Drava Ptuj
|2006–07
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |PrvaLiga nke Slovenia
|16
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|16
|0
|&lt;ref name=&quot;drava&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=30 John Ugochukwu Ogu|url=https://www.prvaliga.si/tekmovanja/?action=igralecStat&amp;id_igralca=75954|work=Prva liga Telekom Slovenije|accessdate=16 July 2019|language=sl}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2007–08
|27
|2
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|2
|&lt;ref name=&quot;drava&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2008–09
|25
|4
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|26
|4
|&lt;ref name=&quot;drava&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2009–10
|29
|2
|2
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|31
|3
|&lt;ref name=&quot;drava&quot; /&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!97
!8
!4
!1
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!101
!9
!-
|-
|Atletico CP
|2010–11
|Asọmpi nke Portugal
|0
|0
|1
|0
|
|
|
|
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|0
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Almería B
|2010–11
|Nkewa nke Abụọ B
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
| 
|-
|2011–12
|Nkewa nke Abụọ B
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
| 
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!-
|-
|Leiria
|2011–12
|Njikọ Mbụ
|17
|3
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|3
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Nkà mmụta
|2012–13
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Njikọ Mbụ
|20
|1
|2
|0
|3
|0
|5
|0
|1
|0
|31
|1
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2013–14
|7
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|0
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!27
!1
!3
!0
!3
!0
!5
!0
!1
!0
!39
!1
!-
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Hapoel Be'er Sheva
|2014–15
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Njikọ Premier nke Israel
|34
|4
|6
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|41
|4
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2015–16
|34
|4
|3
|0
|5
|0
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|44
|5
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2016–17
|30
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|13
|1
|1[a]
|0
|44
|2
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2017–18
|29
|3
|2
|0
|4
|0
|10
|1
|1[a]
|0
|46
|4
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2018–19
|24
|1
|2
|0
|1
|0
|5
|2
|1[a]
|0
|33
|3
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!151
!13
!13
!0
!11
!0
!30
!5
!3
!0
!208
!18
!-
|-
|Al-Adalah
|2019–20
|Njikọ ndị ọkachamara nke Saudi
|7
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|0
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Hapoel Nof HaGalil
|2021–22
|Njikọ Premier nke Israel
|9
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|9
|0
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Maccabi Jaffa
|2022–23
|Njikọ Leumit
|34
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| -
| -
|34
|1
|&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!342
!26
!22
!1
!14
!0
!35
!5
!4
!0
!417
!32
!-
|}
 

=== Mba Nile ===
{{Updated|16 July 2019}}&lt;ref name=&quot;nft&quot;&gt;{{NFT|51922&lt;!-- /John_Ogu --&gt;}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ
!Ndị otu mba
!Afọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]
|2013
|10
|0
|-
|2014
|0
|0
|-
|2015
|2
|0
|-
|2016
|0
|0
|-
|2017
|3
|1
|-
|2018
|7
|0
|-
|2019
|3
|0
|-
!Ngụkọta
!25
!1
|}
{{Updated|1 June 201}}&lt;ref name=&quot;nft&quot;/&gt;
:''Scores and results list Nigeria's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Ogu goal.''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+Ndepụta nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa nke John Ogu gbara
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Mba.
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ụbọchị
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ebe a na-anọ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Onye mmegide
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ihe ruru
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Nsonaazụ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ịsọ mpi
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|10 Nọvemba 2017
|Ámá Egwuregwu Mohamed Hamlaoui, Constantine, Algeria
| Algeria
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–1
|2018 FIFA World Cup iru eru
|}

* Israel Premier League: 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-182017–18
* Israel Super Cup: 2016, 2017
* Iko Toto: 2016-172016–17

== Edensibia ==
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[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lucie Paul-Margueritte</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1299516713|Lucie Paul-Margueritte]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Lucie Paul-Margueritte''' (9 Jenụwarị 1886 - Mee 10, 1955) bụ onye edemede na onye ntụgharị asụsụ French. Ọ bụ onye natara Legion of Honour yana ọtụtụ onyinye site na Académie Française. Ya na nwanne ya nwanyị di ya nwụrụ, Ève Paul-Margueritte biri ma rụọ ọrụ.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Lucie Blanche Paul-Margueritte na Jenụwarị 9, 1886, na Paris.&lt;ref name=&quot;1-bnf&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Paul-Margueritte, Lucie (1886-1955) forme internationale|url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12126118t|language=fr|accessdate=16 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Paul Margueritte, nwa nwanne Victor Margueritte. N'ihi nna ya na nwanne nna ya, ọ matara Stéphane Mallarmé, Alphonse Daudet, Guillaume Apollinaire, na Louis Bertrand. Ọ gara njem nke ọma, na-eleta Algeria, Corsica, na Ịtali.

Paul-Margueritte malitere ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ. Mgbe ọ lụrụ di na nwunye afọ atọ, ọ gbara alụkwaghịm wee biri na nwanne ya nwanyị di ya nwụrụ, bụ́ Ève Paul-Margueritte. Ha abụọ zụlitere nwa nwoke nke ikpeazụ ahụ, site n'ihe odide ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;2-mamelouk-2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mamelouk|first=Nadia Nadja|title=Anxiety in the Border Zone: Transgressing Boundaries in Leïla: Revue Illustrée de la Femme (Tunis, 1936-1940) and in Leïla: Hebdomadaire Tunisien Indépendant (Tunis, 1940-1941)|date=2008|publisher=University of Virginia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwmsZwEACAAJ|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ sụgharịrị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee, gụnyere Bram Stoker's ''Dracula'' . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke mbipụta Scène et monde: périodique illustré, publie des comedies, contes et poèmes tous les mois (Stage and World: illusted periodical, printing plays, story and poems every month) site na 1939 ruo 1944. &lt;ref name=&quot;6-scene&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Scène et monde: périodique illustré, publie des comédies, contes et poèmes tous les mois - Date de création 1939 - Fin de publication 1944|url=https://data.bnf.fr/fr/32865403/scene_et_monde/|work=BNF Data|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dịka nwanne ya nwanyị, Paul-Margueritte so na klọb nri ụmụ nwanyị mbụ, &quot;Club des belles perdrix&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;4-lesrecetles-1930&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Les recettes des &quot;Belles Perdrix&quot; / recueillies par Gabrielle Reval et Maria Croci|date=1930|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9774320g/f50|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lucie Paul-Margueritte nwụrụ na Paris, Mee 10, 1955.&lt;ref name=&quot;1-bnf&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Paul-Margueritte, Lucie (1886-1955) forme internationale|url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12126118t|language=fr|accessdate=16 January 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12126118t ''Paul-Margueritte, Lucie (1886-1955) forme internationale''] (in French)&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; E liri ya na nwanne ya nwanyị na Cimetière d'Auteuil, Paris. &lt;ref name=&quot;3-cimetiere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=cimetière d'AUTEUIL|url=http://www.landrucimetieres.fr/spip/spip.php?article1544|work=www.landrucimetieres.fr|publisher=Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs|language=fr|accessdate=16 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye na nsọpụrụ ==

* Legion of Honour, 1930
* Prix d'Académie, sitere na Académie Française, 1930
* Prix ​​du concours de la Chanson française maka Premier amour, 1934
* Prix ​​Kornmann, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Française, 1941
* Prix ​​d'Académie, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Française, 1943
* Prix ​​d'Académie, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Française, 1944
* Prix ​​Jean-Jacques-Berger, Académie Française, maka onye ndu Auteuil-Passy, ​​1947&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1947|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1947 &amp;#124; Académie française}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Prix ​​Georges-Dupau, Academie Française, 1950&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1950|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1950 &amp;#124; Académie française}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Prix ​​Alice-Louis-Barthou, Académie Française, 1954&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1954|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1954 &amp;#124; Académie française}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị ahọpụtara ==

=== Akwụkwọ ===
[[Faịlụ:Auteuil_et_Passy_1947_by_Eve_and_Lucie_Paul-Marguerite.jpg|thumb|''Auteuil na Passy'', 1947]]
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=== Nsụgharị ===
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=== Edemede ===

* &quot;Une ndị na-ege ntị de la reine Marie de Roumanie&quot;, 1926
* &quot;En Tunisie&quot;, Les Annales coloniales, 1938
* &quot;Dans le Djurjura&quot;, Scène et Monde, 1940

=== Egwuregwu ===

* Otu ụyọkọ ebufuru, ihe ọchị n'otu ihe, okike: Studio des Champs-Elysées, 1933&lt;ref name=&quot;18-bibliotheques&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Un bouquet perdu: comédie en un acte|year=1935|url=https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0002132932|work=bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Le Hasard et les iko, ihe ọchị n'otu omume, okike: Studio des Champs-Elysées, 1933&lt;ref name=&quot;19-comoedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=LE THEATRE ET LA MUSIQUE|work=Comoedia|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7648339b/f2|accessdate=16 January 2022|date=12 January 1933|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Mgbe ha na-ekwu maka ịhụnanya'', Ụlọ Egwuregwu Albert nke Mbụ (nke bụzi Ụlọ Egwuregwu Tristan-Bernard, 1934
* Sylvette ma ọ bụ Sylvie?, ihe nkiri ọchị n'otu ihe nkiri na egwu, nke Théâtre Comœdia mepụtara, 1932 &lt;ref name=&quot;20-bibliotheques&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sylvette ou Sylvie ?: comédie en un acte avec danses|year=1932|url=https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0002132925|work=bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe edeturu ==
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== Ihe odide ==
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=== Ebe e si nweta ya ===

* Rapazzini, Francesco Ndị a na-apụghị ịchịkwa achịkwa. À l'avant-garde du XXe siècle, Éditions e-dite, 2013, biographies (&lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-846-08344-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;) 
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'''Lucie Paul-Margueritte''' (9 Jenụwarị 1886 - Mee 10, 1955) bụ onye edemede na onye ntụgharị asụsụ French. Ọ bụ onye natara Legion of Honour yana ọtụtụ onyinye site na Académie Française. Ya na nwanne ya nwanyị di ya nwụrụ, Ève Paul-Margueritte biri ma rụọ ọrụ.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Lucie Blanche Paul-Margueritte na Jenụwarị 9, 1886, na Paris.&lt;ref name=&quot;1-bnf&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Paul-Margueritte, Lucie (1886-1955) forme internationale|url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12126118t|language=fr|accessdate=16 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Paul Margueritte, nwa nwanne Victor Margueritte. N'ihi nna ya na nwanne nna ya, ọ matara Stéphane Mallarmé, Alphonse Daudet, Guillaume Apollinaire, na Louis Bertrand. Ọ gara njem nke ọma, na-eleta Algeria, Corsica, na Ịtali.

Paul-Margueritte malitere ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ. Mgbe ọ lụrụ di na nwunye afọ atọ, ọ gbara alụkwaghịm wee biri na nwanne ya nwanyị di ya nwụrụ, bụ́ Ève Paul-Margueritte. Ha abụọ zụlitere nwa nwoke nke ikpeazụ ahụ, site n'ihe odide ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;2-mamelouk-2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mamelouk|first=Nadia Nadja|title=Anxiety in the Border Zone: Transgressing Boundaries in Leïla: Revue Illustrée de la Femme (Tunis, 1936-1940) and in Leïla: Hebdomadaire Tunisien Indépendant (Tunis, 1940-1941)|date=2008|publisher=University of Virginia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwmsZwEACAAJ|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ sụgharịrị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee, gụnyere Bram Stoker's ''Dracula'' . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke mbipụta Scène et monde: périodique illustré, publie des comedies, contes et poèmes tous les mois (Stage and World: illusted periodical, printing plays, story and poems every month) site na 1939 ruo 1944. &lt;ref name=&quot;6-scene&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Scène et monde: périodique illustré, publie des comédies, contes et poèmes tous les mois - Date de création 1939 - Fin de publication 1944|url=https://data.bnf.fr/fr/32865403/scene_et_monde/|work=BNF Data|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dịka nwanne ya nwanyị, Paul-Margueritte so na klọb nri ụmụ nwanyị mbụ, &quot;Club des belles perdrix&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;4-lesrecetles-1930&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Les recettes des &quot;Belles Perdrix&quot; / recueillies par Gabrielle Reval et Maria Croci|date=1930|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9774320g/f50|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lucie Paul-Margueritte nwụrụ na Paris, Mee 10, 1955.&lt;ref name=&quot;1-bnf&quot; /&gt;
== Onyinye na nsọpụrụ ==

* Legion of Honour, 1930
* Prix d'Académie, sitere na Académie Française, 1930
* Prix ​​du concours de la Chanson française maka Premier amour, 1934
* Prix ​​Kornmann, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Française, 1941
* Prix ​​d'Académie, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Française, 1943
* Prix ​​d'Académie, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Française, 1944
* Prix ​​Jean-Jacques-Berger, Académie Française, maka onye ndu Auteuil-Passy, ​​1947&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1947|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1947 &amp;#124; Académie française}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Prix ​​Georges-Dupau, Academie Française, 1950&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1950|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1950 &amp;#124; Académie française}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Prix ​​Alice-Louis-Barthou, Académie Française, 1954&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1954|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1954 &amp;#124; Académie française}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị ahọpụtara ==

=== Akwụkwọ ===
[[Faịlụ:Auteuil_et_Passy_1947_by_Eve_and_Lucie_Paul-Marguerite.jpg|thumb|''Auteuil na Passy'', 1947]]
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=== Nsụgharị ===
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=== Edemede ===

* &quot;Une ndị na-ege ntị de la reine Marie de Roumanie&quot;, 1926
* &quot;En Tunisie&quot;, Les Annales coloniales, 1938
* &quot;Dans le Djurjura&quot;, Scène et Monde, 1940

=== Egwuregwu ===

* Otu ụyọkọ ebufuru, ihe ọchị n'otu ihe, okike: Studio des Champs-Elysées, 1933&lt;ref name=&quot;18-bibliotheques&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Un bouquet perdu: comédie en un acte|year=1935|url=https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0002132932|work=bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Le Hasard et les iko, ihe ọchị n'otu omume, okike: Studio des Champs-Elysées, 1933&lt;ref name=&quot;19-comoedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=LE THEATRE ET LA MUSIQUE|work=Comoedia|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7648339b/f2|accessdate=16 January 2022|date=12 January 1933|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Mgbe ha na-ekwu maka ịhụnanya'', Ụlọ Egwuregwu Albert nke Mbụ (nke bụzi Ụlọ Egwuregwu Tristan-Bernard, 1934
* Sylvette ma ọ bụ Sylvie?, ihe nkiri ọchị n'otu ihe nkiri na egwu, nke Théâtre Comœdia mepụtara, 1932 &lt;ref name=&quot;20-bibliotheques&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sylvette ou Sylvie ?: comédie en un acte avec danses|year=1932|url=https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0002132925|work=bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe edeturu ==
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== Ihe odide ==
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=== Ebe e si nweta ya ===

* Rapazzini, Francesco Ndị a na-apụghị ịchịkwa achịkwa. À l'avant-garde du XXe siècle, Éditions e-dite, 2013, biographies (&lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-846-08344-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;) 
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'''Anne Penesco''', nwa '''Anne Crépin'''  bụ [[:en:Musicologist|ọkà mmụta egwu]] French, [[:en:Academic_staff|agụmakwụkwọ]] na onye na-ede akụkọ ndụ.

== Ọrụ ==
N'ịbụ onye nwere akara ugo mmụta doctorate nke steeti na nkà mmụta egwu, Anne Penesco bụ onye nkuzi na Mahadum Metz, onye nkuzi na Sorbonne Musicology Institute mgbe ahụ,  tupu ọ bụrụ prọfesọ zuru oke na mahadum na 1993  mgbe ọ na-akụzi na [[:en:Lumière_University_Lyon_2|Lumière University Lyon 2]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://sites.univ-lyon2.fr/musique/colloques/musique_bruit07.html|title=''Journée d'étude: MUsique et Bruit''|accessdate=2017-09-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909142727/https://sites.univ-lyon2.fr/musique/colloques/musique_bruit07.html|archivedate=2017-09-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ime ngalaba egwu na egwu nke ngalaba nka, sayensị asụsụ na nka, ọ na-ahụ maka ọrụ nkuzi maka nzere masta na nyocha na nka (egwu na egwu).

O nwekwara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na nkà mmụta ihe mara mma na sayensị nka, tinyekwara akara ugo mmụta na akwụkwọ oge ochie, Romanian na Italian.

== Mbipụta ==

; Akụkọ ndụ

* ''[[:en:Mounet-Sully|Mounet-Sully]]'': l'homme aux cent cœurs d'homme, éditions du Cerf, usoro &quot;Histoire&quot;, Paris, 2005, 620 p. + 16 p. nke ihe osise, {{ISBN|2-204-07802-6}}
* ''[[:en:Paul_Mounet|Paul Mounet]]'': le tragédien qui parleit aux étoiles, mbipụta nke Cerf, usoro &quot;Biographie&quot;, Paris, 2009, 506 p.,   ,  {{ISBN|978-2-204-08868-8}}

; Nkà mmụta egwu

* ''Les Instruments du quatuor : technique et interprétation'', éditions La Flûte de Pan, Paris, 1986, 224 p.,{{ISBN|2-903267-24-3}}, {{BNF|34975155p}}  
* ''Les instruments à archet dans les musiques du XXe siècle'', éditions Honoré Champion, series &quot;Musique-musicologie&quot; issue21-22, Paris, 1992, 399 p.,{{ISBN|2-85203-223-6}}, {{BNF|355382094}}  
* Du baroque à l'époque contemporaine : akụkụ des ngwá ọrụ à archet (edemede ahọpụtara nke Anne Penesco họpụtara ma gosipụta ya), mbipụta Honoré Champion, usoro &quot;Musique-musicologie&quot; mbipụta 23, Paris, 1993, 192 p., {{ISBN|2-85203-305-4}}, {{BNF|356097486}}
* Études sur la musique française : autour de Debussy, Ravel et Paul Le Flem (edemede ahọpụtara ma wepụta nke Anne Penesco), Presses universitaires de Lyon, usoro &quot;Cahiers du Center de recherches musicologiques&quot;, Lyon, 1994, 107 p. {{ISBN|2-7297-0503-1}}, {{BNF|357391350}}
* Itinéraires de la musique française : théorie, pédagogie et création (edemede ahọpụtara nke Anne Penesco họpụtara ma gosipụta ya), Presses universitaires de Lyon, usoro &quot;Cahiers du Center de recherches musicologiques&quot;, Lyon, 1996, 234 p., {{BNF|36688950v}}  
* Défense et illustration de la virtuosité (edemede ahọpụtara ma gosipụta nke Anne Penesco), Presses universitaires de Lyon, usoro &quot;Cahiers du Center de recherches musicologiques&quot;, Lyon, 1997, 213 p., {{ISBN|2-7297-0547-3}}, {{BNF|37065887w}}
* ''Georges Enesco'' et l'âme roumaine (nke okwu mmalite nke Yehudi Menuhin),Presses universitaires de Lyon, usoro &quot;Cahiers du Center de recherches musicologiques&quot;, Lyon, 1999, 90 p., {{ISBN|2-7297-0610-0}}, {{BNF|370382818}}
* ''Mounet-Sully et la partition intérieure, Presses universitaires de Lyon, usoro &quot;Cahiers du Center de recherches musicologiques&quot;, Lyon, 2000, 149 p.,, {{ISBN|2729706445}}'',  {{BNF|371059602}}

; Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ

* Charles Wagner, L'homme est une espérance de Dieu: anthologie (ihe odide ndị Anne Penesco na Geoffroy de Turckheim họọrọ ma gosipụta, na okwu mbido nke Patrick Cabanel), coedition Van Dieren et Église réformée de la Bastille Foyer de l'âme, usoro &quot;Débats&quot; nke pụtara 8, Paris, 2007, 173 p.,  ,    

== Ihe odide ==
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== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.idref.fr/029302269 Anne Penesco] na IdRef
* [https://symetrie.com/fr/auteurs/anne.penesco Anne Penesco] na Symmetry
* [https://mounetsully.com/tag/anne-penesco/ Mounet-Sully, Paul Mounet... Mkparịta ụka na Anne Penesco, onye edemede nwere mmasị] na mounetsully.com
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170909142650/http://docnet.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/search/?labid=34&amp;uid=3139 Anne Penesco] na cnrs.fr
* [http://www.musicologie.org/publirem/proust_et_le_violon_interieur.html Anne Penesco ''Proust na violin dị n'ime''] na Musicology.org
* [https://www.universalis.fr/auteurs/anne-penesco/ Anne Penesco] na Encyclopedia Universalis
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346689401|Wilson Oruma]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Wilson Oruma''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 1976) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agba dịka onye na-eme egwuregwu n'etiti. Ọ nọrọ ihe ka ukwuu n'ọrụ ya na France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=3 August 2020|title=1996 Olympics Heroes: Celebrating Nigeria's Gold-Winning U-23 Eagles|url=https://www.completesports.com/24-years-after-celebrating-nigerias-1996-olympics-gold-winning-team/|accessdate=1 June 2021|work=[[Complete Sports]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ klọb ==
A mụrụ Oruma na [[Warri]], [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]. Ọ bịarutere na RC Lens site na Bendel Insurance na 1994.&lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.om.net/en/Teams/201002/Effectif_pro/1532/ORUMA|title=Oruma - Effectif pro|publisher=Olympique Marseille|accessdate=3 December 2013|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otu oge mgbe a gbazinyere ya Nancy, &lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot; /&gt; ọ laghachiri na Lens wee gbaa egwuregwu asaa n'oge ha na-agba ọsọ Ligue 1 na 1997-98. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ligue1.com/ligue1/classement#sai=66&amp;journee1=1&amp;journee2=34&amp;cat=Gen|title=1997/98 Ligue 1 table|publisher=ligue1.com|accessdate=3 December 2013|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ nọchitere anya Naijiria na 1998 FIFA World Cup, ọ kwagara n'akụkụ Turkey bụ Samsunspor, &lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot; /&gt; laghachiri France otu afọ ka e mesịrị iji kpọọ Nîmes.&lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot; /&gt;

In 2000, Oruma was transferred to Swiss side Servette,&lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.om.net/en/Teams/201002/Effectif_pro/1532/ORUMA|title=Oruma - Effectif pro|publisher=Olympique Marseille|accessdate=3 December 2013|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.om.net/en/Teams/201002/Effectif_pro/1532/ORUMA &quot;Oruma - Effectif pro&quot;] (in French). Olympique Marseille&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;3 December&lt;/span&gt; 2013&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; playing two season before coming back to France again, where he played until 2009 for Sochaux,&lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot; /&gt; Marseille&lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot; /&gt; and Guingamp,&lt;ref name=&quot;OMprofile&quot; /&gt; winning the 2003–04 Coupe de la Ligue with Sochaux&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/match/59364|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205044856/http://www.lequipe.fr/Football/match/59364|archivedate=5 February 2012|title=Nantes 1-1 Sochaux, Coupe de la Ligue - Finale, Football|publisher=L'Equipe|date=17 April 2004|accessdate=3 December 2013|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the 2008–09 Coupe de France with Guingamp, despite them being a Ligue 2 club at the time.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/sport/2009/05/09/02001-20090509ARTFIG00460-guingamp-vainqueur-de-la-coupe-de-france-de-football-.php|title=Guingamp vainqueur de la Coupe de France de football|first=Par|author=Gildas Devos|work=Le Figaro|date=9 May 2009|accessdate=3 December 2013|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; He was handed a trial by Cardiff City - a club based in Wales but who play in the English football league system – in the summer of 2008&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11704/3940345/|title=Bluebirds look at Oruma|publisher=Sky Sports|date=6 August 2008|accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; and scored in a 2–2 pre-season friendly at Chasetown,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.cardiffcityfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1359171,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722110932/http://www.cardiffcityfc.co.uk/page/NewsDetail/0,,10335~1359171,00.html|archivedate=22 July 2012|title=Report: Chasetown 2-2 Cardiff|publisher=Cardiff City F.C.|date=5 August 2008|accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jones&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/boss-jones-explains-orumas-cardiff-2157133|title=Boss Jones explains Oruma's Cardiff departure|first=Terry|author=Philips|work=Wales Online|date=8 August 2008|accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; but was not awarded a contract due to a lack of fitness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jones&quot; /&gt;

Ọ lara ezumike nká na bọọlụ ọkachamara n'afọ 2010 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/world-match-centre/news/newsid/134/162/8/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207021544/http://www.fifa.com/world-match-centre/news/newsid/134/162/8/index.html|archivedate=7 December 2013|title=Nigeria's Oruma retires from football|publisher=FIFA|date=26 November 2010|accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; mgbe ọ gachara otu oge na klọb ndị Gris bụ Kavala. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/07/27/1407138/wilson-oruma-makes-u-turn-to-sign-for-greek-club-kavala|title=Wilson Oruma Makes U-Turn To Sign For Greek Club Kavala|publisher=goal.com|date=27 July 2009|accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=735|title=WILSON ORUMA to leave Kavala|publisher=All Nigerian Soccer|date=15 May 2010|accessdate=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Oruma so na ndị otu Nigeria na-erubeghị afọ 17 bụ ndị meriri 1993 FIFA U-17 World Championship, na-achị ndị otu ya  wee bụrụ onye isi goolu n'asọmpi ahụ nwere ihe mgbaru ọsọ isii.  Ọ gbara egwuregwu mba ụwa ugboro iri na itoolu n'ime afọ iri na otu maka Naịjirịa[2] wee so na otu ndị sonyere na asọmpi Iko Mbaụwa nke 1998, bụ ebe o meriri naanị otu ọ pụtara na asọmpi megide Paraguay. Ọ bụkwa akụkụ nke otu ndị meriri ihe nrite ọla edo Olympic na 1996, [4] [1] otu afọ ka ọ rụchara ọrụ maka Nigeria, bụrụkwa onye otu ndị otu Naijiria na 2002 na 2006 Africa Cup of Nations, mechaa asọmpi abụọ ahụ n'ọkwa nke atọ. Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ klọb na Europe, ebe ọ na-egwuri egwu maka ụdị french Ligue 1 n'akụkụ Lens, Marseille, Sochaux, Guingamp, yana oge na Switzerland Servette, na-emeri UEFA Intertoto Cup, Ligue 1 na French Cup, ma na-enweta ụgwọ ọrụ iji kwado onwe ya na ezinụlọ mgbe ndụ pụọ na football.

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
N'afọ 2018, Oruma nwere nsogbu mmetụta uche n'ihi otu onye ụkọchukwu a na-amaghị ama si ghọgbuo ya. Ọ dara ogbenye ma nọrọ n'ọnọdụ nke isi mgbaka afọ isii mgbe a kọrọ na onye ụkọchukwu na ụfọdụ ndị ọchụnta ego mmanụ adịgboroja ghọgburu ya. A matara na Oruma mechara tụfuo ego, nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ijeri N2 maka itinye ego.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Silas|first=Don|title=Ex-Super Eagle star, Wilson Oruma suffers mental disorder after been[sic] duped by pastor|url=http://dailypost.ng/2018/01/11/ex-super-eagle-star-wilson-oruma-suffers-mental-disorder-duped-pastor-photo/|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|date=11 January 2018|accessdate=11 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Oruma nwere mba Naijiria na France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ligue1.fr/joueur?id=herve-arsene|title=Hervé ARSENE Carreer|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201163100/https://www.ligue1.fr/joueur?id=herve-arsene|archivedate=1 December 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Lens'''

* Njikọ 1: 1997-981997–98

'''Ihe ndị e ji mara ala'''

* Iko Njikọ: 2004

'''Marseilles'''

* UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2005&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/IntertotoCup/FixturesResults/Round=2188/Match=81581/Report=LU.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060531214209/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/IntertotoCup/FixturesResults/Round=2188/Match=81581/Report=LU.html|archivedate=31 May 2006|title=Marseille 5-1 Deportivo (Aggregate: 5 - 3)|publisher=[[UEFA]]|accessdate=14 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Guingamp'''

* Iko Mba France: 2009

'''Naịjirịa'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup: 1993
* Ihe nrite ọla edo nke Olimpik: 1996&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/wilson-oruma|title=Wilson ORUMA|work=[[Olympic Games]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Ajibade Babalade</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1328339010|Ajibade Babalade]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Ajibade Kunde Babalade''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Mophefavour-Ajibade Babalade.wav|Listen}} (29 Machị 1972 - 4 Septemba 2020) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ Naijiria na-egwu egwu dịka onye mgbachitere ma bụrụkwa Team Chef of Shooting Stars FC.

Babalade nwụrụ na 4 Septemba 2020, mgbe ọ dị afọ 48. 

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Ọ gbara maka FC Seoul nke South Korea K-League, nke a na-akpọ mgbe ahụ dị ka Anyang LG Cheetahs.

== Ọrụ nkuzi ==
Na 17 October 2008, a kpọrọ ya onye njikwa nke Shooting Stars FC.

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ajibade Babalade- K League stats nakleague.com  (n'asụsụ Korean na Bekee)  
{{Nigeria Squad 1992 Africa Cup of Nations}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ikemisi Nkwa</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353792048|Isaac Promise]]&quot;</comment>
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Isaac Promise (2 Disemba 1987 - 2 Ọktoba 2019) bụ onye [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] na-agba bọọlụ. Ọ bụ onyeisi ndị otu bọọlụ na-anọchite anya Naijiria nke meriri nrite ọlaọcha na 2008 Summer Olympics na Beijing. Ọ gbara bọọlụ nke ọma ruo afọ iri na anọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nọrọ na [[Turkéy|Turkey]]. O nyere goolu iri asaa na asaa n'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ.

== Ọrụ ==

=== Ọrụ klọb ===
Dị ka nwata na-ekwe nkwa, Promise gara n'ikpe ya na ngalaba nke abụọ nke Nigeria nke Grays International. N'ịbụ onye dọtara uche nke ọtụtụ nnukwu ụlọ ịgba egwu Europe, ọ gara n'ihu na Real Madrid na Mikel John Obi, mana ọ chọpụtara na ikpe ahụ enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma. Mgbe ejikọtara ya na Feyenoord Rotterdam nke Dutch, o mechara banye na Süper Lig club Gençlerbirliği na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na August 2005.

Na Turkcell Super League 2006-07, Promise gbara goolu iri na abụọ. O ji okpukpu abụọ gbasaa ọnụ ọgụgụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya maka Gençlerbirliği. Na 15 Julaị 2008, Promise kwetara nkwekọrịta afọ 4 na Trabzonspor. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ligtv.com.tr/Default.aspx?r=1&amp;hid=41389|title=Isaac Trabzonspor'da|accessdate=15 July 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080718120840/http://www.ligtv.com.tr/Default.aspx?r=1&amp;hid=41389|archivedate=18 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Trabzonspor, ọ gbara goolu abụọ na egwuregwu iri abụọ na isii. N'ihi nkezi arụmọrụ ya, a gbazinyere ya Manisaspor maka otu afọ. Promise gbara egwuregwu iri abụọ na asaa ma gbaa goolu isii. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2010, Manisaspor bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ya. Mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu iri na otu n'egwuregwu iri atọ ya na klọb ya bụ Manisaspor, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na Antalyaspor.

Na Febụwarị 2015, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọnwa isii na Balıkesirspor.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gazeteyenisoz.com/haber-11429-balikesirspora-son-dakika-bombasi.html|title=Yapım Aşamasında|work=www.gazeteyenisoz.com|accessdate=14 May 2018|archivedate=8 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208004027/http://www.gazeteyenisoz.com/haber-11429-balikesirspora-son-dakika-bombasi.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/isaac-promise-super-lig-e-dondu--balikesirspor-2007747-skorerhaber/|title=Isaac Promise, Süper Lig'e döndü!|author=sitesi|first=milliyet.com.tr Türkiye'nin lider haber|work=MİLLİYET HABER - TÜRKİYE'NİN HABER SİTESİ|accessdate=14 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;[3][4]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.balikesirspor.org.tr/isaac-promise-balikesirsporda.html|title=Balıkesirspor Baltok Kulübü Resmi İnternet Sitesi {{!}} Balikesirspor.org.tr|work=www.balikesirspor.org.tr|accessdate=14 May 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203161248/http://www.balikesirspor.org.tr/isaac-promise-balikesirsporda.html|archivedate=3 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2018, a mara ọkwa na Promise ga-esonyere otu mmụba nke United Soccer League bụ Austin Bold maka oge 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.austinboldfc.com/news_article/show/945388-austin-bold-fc-signs-striker-promise-isaac|title=AUSTIN BOLD FC SIGNS STRIKER PROMISE ISAAC|first=Austin Bold FC|author=Communications|date=28 August 2018|work=Austin Bold FC|accessdate=4 October 2019|archivedate=1 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801232627/https://www.austinboldfc.com/news_article/show/945388-austin-bold-fc-signs-striker-promise-isaac}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ọrụ mba ụwa ===
A kpọrọ aha nkwa dị ka onyeisi [[Nigeria national Super Eagle football team|ndị otu Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na atọ]] maka 2008 Summer Olympics, nke a na-eme na [[China]]. N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2008 na Tianjin Olympic Center dị na Tianjin, Promise gbara goolu mbụ nke Naịjirịa megide United States n'ọkwa otu. Naịjirịa gara n'ihu iji merie egwuregwu ahụ 2-1.

Naịjirịa mechara merie ọlaọcha mgbe Argentina meriri ya site na 1-0 na nke ikpeazụ.

Nkwa pụtara na mbụ na [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu okenye]] na 2009. O nwetara 3 caps ma gbaa otu goolu.

=== Ọnwụ ===
Promise nwụrụ site na nkụchi obi na 2 Ọktoba 2019, mgbe ọ dị afọ 31.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.austinboldfc.com/news_article/show/1053980-promise-isaac-1987-2019|title=PROMISE ISAAC: 1987-2019|author=Communications|first=Austin Bold FC|date=3 October 2019|work=Austin Bold FC|language=en-us|accessdate=3 October 2019|archivedate=3 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003214428/https://www.austinboldfc.com/news_article/show/1053980-promise-isaac-1987-2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49925424|title=Isaac Promise: Former Nigeria striker dies aged 31|date=3 October 2019|work=BBC Sport}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.nigerianplayers.com/player.asp?pID=365 Ndị Naijiria na-egwu egwuregwu Patabase]
* Isaac Promisen'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1310942420|Sani Emmanuel]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Sani Shehu Emmanuel''' (amụrụ na 23 Disemba 1992) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere.

== Ọrụ ==

=== Ọrụ mmalite ===
Amụrụ na Edo, Emmanuel malitere ọrụ egwuregwu ya na ala nna ya Nigeria maka My People FC, ụlọ akwụkwọ egwuregwu bọọlụ Naijiria nke dị na Legọs nke ụlọ ụka Synagogue nke mba na-elekọta. Na 2009 Emmanuel sonyeere ụlọ ọgbakọ Swedish Bodens BK ebe ọ nọrọ naanị ọnwa ole na ole ka iwu FIFA kwuru na ọ ga-abụ 18 afọ iji nyefee mba ofesi. Na 2010, mgbe ọrụ mmeri ya nwetara na 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup, a kọrọ na Emmanuel nwere ule na Chelsea na Tottenham Hotspur nke English Premier League. Mgbe ọ nọ na Tottenham Emmanuel, e nyere ya ohere ịnọ ogologo oge. Otú ọ dị, na 2011, mgbe ọ gbasasịrị n'ọtụtụ klọb na Europe, Emmanuel bịanyere aka na mpaghara Serie A nke S.S. Lazio ebe a na-etinye ya ozugbo n'akụkụ Primavera ha. Na 2012 Emmanuel bịanyere aka na US Salernitana 1919 nke Lega Pro Seconda Divisione na nkwado sitere na Lazio na na 9 Septemba 2012 Emmanuel mere ka ọ pụta ìhè naanị maka 4th tier Italian n'akụkụ Chiete Calcio nke ọ bịara na 58th nkeji maka Christian Chirieletti dị ka Salernitana-5 meriri otu ụbọchị 

==== FC Biel-Bienne (onye a gbazitere) ====
N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2013, a mara ọkwa na Emmanuel abịala aka na otu egwuregwu Swiss Challenge League FC Biel-Bienne maka ịgbazinye ego maka oge fọdụrụnụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;EmmanuelLazioSigning2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Official: Sani Emmanuel Loaned To Bienne|url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=9026|work=All Nigeria Soccer|accessdate=4 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere nke mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ na 16 Machị 2013 megide Wohlen nke ọ bịara na nkeji nke 72 maka [[Ramon Egli]] ka Biel-Bienne meriri egwuregwu ahụ 1-0.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WOHLEN VS. BIEL-BIENNE 1 – 0|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/03/16/switzerland/challenge-league/fc-wohlen/fc-biel-bienne/1293404/|work=Soccerway|accessdate=4 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Mee n'afọ 2013, Emmanuel gbara goolu mbụ ya n'egwuregwu league megide FC Wohlen ebe o gbara goolu iji duru Biel-Bienne nwee mmeri 7-0.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=BIEL-BIENNE VS. WOHLEN 7 – 0|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/05/12/switzerland/challenge-league/fc-biel-bienne/fc-wohlen/1293442/|work=Soccerway|accessdate=8 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara goolu abụọ ọzọ maka Biel-Bienne na 30 Mee 2013 megide FC Winterthur dị ka klọb 2-2.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WINTERTHUR VS. BIEL-BIENNE 2 – 2|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2013/05/30/switzerland/challenge-league/fc-winterthur/fc-biel-bienne/1293458/|work=Soccerway|accessdate=8 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Beitar Jerusalem ===
N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2014 Sani bịanyere aka na Beitar Jerusalem.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.one.co.il/Article/240943.html|title=Sani Emmanuel finalized with Beitar Jerusalem for a season|first=Guy|author=Ben Ziv|publisher=ONE|language=Hebrew|date=21 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Izu atọ ka e mesịrị, mgbe ọ gbasịrị naanị nkeji iri abụọ na anọ maka klọb ahụ, Beitar Jerusalem tọhapụrụ Sani, na klọb na-ekwu na onye nkuzi ahụ enweghị obi ụtọ na ọ pụtaghị na atụmatụ n'ọdịnihu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.one.co.il/Article/242117.html|title=Sani Emmanuel released from Beitar, but will continue training|first=Guy|author=Ben Ziv|publisher=ONE|language=Hebrew|date=13 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Beitar Jerusalem, Emmanuel nwere ikpe n'akụkụ Bosnia, FK Sarajevo, mana ọ dara na mgbalị ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=SARAJEVO WON'T GIVE SANI EMMANUEL A CONTRACT|url=https://africanfootball.com/news/548395/Sarajevo-won-t-give-Sani-Emmanuel-a-contract|accessdate=22 May 2016|work=African Football|date=13 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2019, onye bụbu onye otu [[Ogenyi Onazi]] nyere aka kwụọ ụgwọ maka mmefu ahụike Emmanuel. A ga-awa Emmanuel ahụ maka achilles tendonitis.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Okeleji|first=Oluswashina|title=Sani Emmanuel: Onazi pays for ex-Nigeria U-17 star's surgery|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/50547515|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=14 April 2021|date=25 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mba Nile ==
Emmanuel ghọrọ onye a ma ama n'oge 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup nke a kwadoro na mba ya Nigeria. Emmanuel ji goolu ise mechie asọmpi ahụ wee merie Golden Ball ka ọ na-enyere [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] aka ịghọ onye nke abụọ n'azụ Switzerland.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Swiss take their place in history|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/u17worldcup/nigeria2009/match-center|work=FIFA|accessdate=8 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
{{updated|14 April 2021}}&lt;ref&gt;{{soccerway|sani-emmanuel/102558}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |UEFA
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Salernitana (onye a gbazitere) 
|2012–13
|Lega Pro Seconda Divisione
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| -
| -
|1
|0
|-
|FC Biel-Bienne (onye a gbazitere) 
|2012–13
|Njikọ Ihe ịma Aka nke Switzerland
|10
|5
|0
|0
|0
|0
| -
| -
|10
|5
|-
|Beitar Jerusalem
|2014–15
|Njikọ Premier nke Israel
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|-
|Oskarshamns AIK
|2015
|Nkewa 1 nke Sweden
|4
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|4
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!16
!6
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!16
!6
|}

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==
{{FIFA U-17 World Cup awards}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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Philip Osondu Mast (28 Nọvemba 1971 - 12 Disemba 2019) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/12/13/breaking-ex-golden-eaglets-player-philip-osondu-is-dead/|title=Ex-Golden Eaglets player, Philip Osondu is dead - P.M. News|work=[[P.M. News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ. Ọ gbara bọọlụ na [[Belgium]] maka otu ndị gụnyere RSC Anderlecht na RWDM.

== Ọrụ ==
Philip Osondu na-egwuri egwu na ala nna ya Nigeria maka El Kanemi Warriors mgbe RSC Anderlecht zụtara ya na Belgium na 1988. A hụrụ onye na-awakpo ahụ dị ka nkà football na-apụta ma nyefee ya na Anderlecht bụ otu ndị na-ekwe nkwa. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, onye 18 dị afọ iri na ụma mere mpụta mbụ ya na ọkwa kachasị elu na egwuregwu pụọ na Germinal Ekeren na 1989 na-egwu egwu n'okpuru onye nchịkwa Aad de Mos. Agbanyeghị, enwere ọtụtụ asọmpi na Anderlecht na ndị egwuregwu dịka Luc Nilis, Luis Oliveira, Marc Van Der Linden na Gert Verheyen nke mere ka Osondu pụta obere na egwuregwu ahụ. N'agbata 1990 na 1992 onye Naijiria nyekwara ndị agbata obi RWDM ego.

Mgbe RWDM nwetara Osondu, onye nkuzi Hugo Broos nyere ya ohere ịgba egwu. Na nke mbụ ya na Ngalaba Mbụ, ọ chọpụtakwara azụ nke ihe mgbaru ọsọ ahụ. Osondu gbara goolu mbụ ya na mmeri 4-1 na Beerschot VAC. Otu afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Broos hapụrụ Klọb Brugge ma Ladislav Novák nọchiri ya. Nke a mere ka ohere ole na ole igwu egwu maka Osondu, nke n'oge ọkọchị mere ka ọ laghachi na Anderlecht.

N'afọ 1994, Osondu kwagara na klọb nke abụọ La Louvière, ebe obere onye na-agba ọsọ nwere nkà na ụzụ gbara bọọlụ ugboro ise n'egwuregwu iri abụọ. Mgbe otu oge gachara, ọ gbanwere La Louvière n'oge ezumike oyi maka Union Saint Gillis, ebe ọ gwụchara oge fọdụrụnụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gbara ọtụtụ afọ maka Diegem Sport na FC Merchtem 2000.

Osondu, onye a na-ewere na mba ya dị ka nnukwu nkà ma nwetakwara otuto dị elu dị ka onye ntorobịa mba ụwa, enweghị ike imezu ikike ya na Belgium. A na-ekwukarị na ọ bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto Afrịka gara mba ọzọ n'oge.

== Ndị Ntorobịa Mba Nile ==
Philip Osondu na-egwuri egwu mgbe niile maka ndị otu ndị ntorobịa nke Naijiria, mana ọ bịaghị na ndị otu mbụ. N'afọ 1987, o sonyere na asọmpi World U-16 na Canada. Naịjirịa ruru na ngwụcha, mana Soviet Union meriri ya na penalties. Osondu nwetara World Cup Golden Ball dị ka onye egwuregwu kachasị mma na asọmpi ahụ.  N'afọ 1989, ọ nọ n'òtù egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ na World Youth Championship nke nọ n'ọkwa nke abụọ ma merie ọlaọcha na Saudi Arabia, Naịjiria meriri Portugal na egwuregwu ikpeazụ.

== Ọnwụ ==
Philip na-arụ ọrụ na Namur ma nwee ahụike ma jiri ambulance buru ya, ma kpọga ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ, mana ọ nwụrụ obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/former-nigerian-footballer-philip-osondu-dies-at-48/|title=Former Nigerian footballer Philip Osondu dies at 48|date=2019-12-13|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en|accessdate=2019-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-au/news/1987-u17-world-cup-golden-ball-winner-philip-osondu-dies-at/1tniev8lq9de61a2wdki4s0wsk|title=Former U17 World Cup Golden Ball winner Osondu dies at 48|date=2019-12-13|work=Goal|language=en|accessdate=2019-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{FIFA U-17 World Cup awards}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Francis Benjamin</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1309637790|Francis Benjamin]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Francis Ishida Benjamin''' (amụrụ na 20 June 1993) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba maka Speranța Nisporeni dị ka onye na-agbachitere aka ekpe.

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Benjamin nwere mpụta mbụ ya na 2010 ma bụrụkwa onye na-emekarị kemgbe egwuregwu enyi na enyi megide Niger na 15 Ọgọst 2012. A họpụtara ya maka ndị otu Naijiria na 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup wee gwuo egwu na asọmpi iko mba ụwa nke 2014.

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Valentine Penrose</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325887655|Valentine Penrose]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Valentine Penrose''' (née Boué; 1 Jenụwarị 1898 - 7 Ọgọst 1978) bụ onye France na-ede uri, [[:en:Collagist|onye na-emekọ ihe ọnụ]], na [[:en:Surrealist|onye na-eme ihere]] ihe nkiri na ndị otu ya.

== Ndụ na ọrụ ==
A mụrụ Valentine Boué n'afọ 1898 n'ezinụlọ ndị agha na Mont-de-Marsan, Landes, France. Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Paris mgbe ọ dị obere.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1925, ọ lụrụ onye England na-ese ihe, ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye na-ede uri Roland Penrose (1900-1984) wee sonye n'òtù ndị surrealists nọ na Paris, Mougins na England. Alụmdi na nwunye ahụ emezughị. Boué na di ya kwagara Spain na 1936 n'oge [[World War II|agha]] Obodo Spain. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ sonyeere ndị ọrụ na Spain iji chebe mgbanwe ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Yale Anthology of Twentieth-Century French Poetry|url=https://archive.org/details/yaleanthologyoft0000unse_d8k5|date=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|others=Caws, Mary Ann.|isbn=9780300133158|location=New Haven|oclc=182530178}}&lt;/ref&gt; Valentine na Roland nwere echiche dị iche iche gbasara ọdịnala na India, echiche ndị ọwụwa anyanwụ, na nkà ihe ọmụma, nke mere ka ha ghara ịdị anya n'etiti ha abụọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chadwick|first=Whitney|title=Farewell to the Muse: Love, War and the Women of Surrealism|date=2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ha gbara alụkwaghịm n'afọ 1937, mana ha zutere ọzọ na London n'oge [[:en:Second_World_War|agha]] ahụ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ biri ọkara oge ya na di ya mbụ na nwunye ya nke abụọ, onye nta akụkọ foto Amerịka bụ́ Lee Miller biri. Ndokwa a gara n'ihu n'oge ndụ ya niile.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Kellaway|first=Kate|title=Tony Penrose: 'With Picasso, the rule book was torn up'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/aug/22/picasso-lee-miller-tony-penrose|accessdate=8 May 2014|work=The Guardian|date=22 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ sonyeere Ndị agha France na 1940.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ nwụrụ n'abalị asaa nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1978 na [[:en:Chiddingly|Chiddingly]], East Sussex, England, n'ụlọ di ya mbụ.

Boué bụ nwanyị nọọrọ onwe ya nke na-akwali megide atụmanya mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya; dịka nwanyị, a tụrụ anya na ọ ga-abụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi na ihe mgbaru ọsọ maka ndị omenkà nwoke na-eme ihe nkiri.

== Ụdị edemede na mmetụta ya ==
Penrose zutere ndị na-eme ihe ike na-enweghị isi na ngwụcha afọ 1920. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ mbụ sonyere na mmegharị ndị na-eme ihe ike na-enweghị isi.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;/ref&gt; Penrose sonyere na mbipụta nke mbipụta mbụ nke Andre Breton nke La Révolution ''[[:en:La_Révolution_surréaliste|surréalist]]'';  ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị asatọ ndị ọzọ tinyere aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. Mbipụta mbụ ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ nzaghachi nye 1929 &quot;Nnyocha banyere ịhụnanya&quot; na La Révolution surréaliste no. 12 . &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Penrose dere uri surrealist, ọ bụ ezie na a maara ya nke ọma maka akụkọ ndụ ya nke onye na-egbu ọtụtụ mmadụ Elizabeth Báthory (1560-1614). Abụ ya na-egosipụta ahụmịhe ya nke ederede na-akpaghị aka, collage na usoro eserese dị ka Max Ernst's frottage na Wolfgang Paalen's fumage.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; A na-ekwu na ọrụ ya sitere na mmebi iwu na iwughachi nnupụisi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Humphreys|first=Karen|date=2003|title=The Poetics of Transgression in Valentine Penrose's &quot;La Comtesse sanglante&quot;|journal=The French Review|volume=76|issue=4|pages=740–751|issn=0016-111X}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maka nwanyị na-ese ihe n'oge ya, ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na nwanyị ga-egosi ọrụ ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na ime ihe ike dị otú ahụ. Ihe dị iche n'etiti Ernst na Penrose bụ na ọrụ Ernst na-anọchite anya usoro nrọ dị egwu nke nwere mmekọrịta na-adịghị mma na nke dị iche iche ebe nke Penrose na-egosi njem nke ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na njem mmekọahụ ha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Humphreys|first=Karen|date=December 2006|title=Collages Communicants: Visual Representation in the Collage-Albums of Max Ernst and Valentine Penrose|journal=Contemporary French and Francophone Studies|volume=10|issue=4|pages=377–387|doi=10.1080/17409290601040379|issn=1740-9292}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Penrose nwere mmasị na mysticism ụmụ nwanyị, nkà ihe ọmụma Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, &lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRosemont1998&quot;&gt;Rosemont, Penelope, ed. (1998). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:surrealistwomeni00rose|''Surrealist Women: An International Anthology'']]&lt;/span&gt;. University of Texas Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0292770881|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0292770881&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Western mysticism, &lt;ref name=&quot;1916- 1994&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Magnifying mirrors : women, surrealism, &amp; partnership|author=Hubert, Renée Riese|date=1994|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|isbn=978-0803223707|location=Lincoln|oclc=28182787}}&lt;/ref&gt; alchemy na anwansi. N'afọ 1929, n'oge ọ na-aga Ijipt, ọ zutere onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie na prọfesọ nke nkà ihe ọmụma Vicente Galarza y Pérez Castañeda, onye maara dị ka Count Galarza de Santa Clara, onye isi nke esoteric,  wee gaa ọtụtụ ugboro na ashram ya na India.[es]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Zing Tsjeng|title=Forgotten Women: The Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a8JWDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT55|year=2018|publisher=Octopus|isbn=978-1-78840-115-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gụrụ Sanskrit mgbe ọ nọ na India.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot; /&gt; N'afọ 1936, ya na onye na-ede uri na onye na'ese ihe bụ Alice Paalen (mgbe e mesịrị Alice Rahon) gara India ogologo oge. Ha na-adịkwu nso ma gosipụta mmekọrịta ha na uri ha site na 1936 ruo ihe dị ka 1945.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EDP&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Roush|first=Paula|title=Les deux amies / The two girlfriends (Gifts of the Feminine)|url=http://msdm.org.uk/archive/paula-roush-maria-lusitano-queer-paper-gardens-the-wildlife-of-symbols.pdf|publisher=Fundação EDP, Lisbon|accessdate=10 May 2014|date=2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Reconceptions Reading Modern French Poetry|year=1996|publisher=University of Nottingham|chapterurl=http://mlpa.nottingham.ac.uk/archive/00000035/01/Rec_Colvile.pdf|author=Colvile, Georgiana M. M.|editor=King, Russell|chapter=Through an Hour-glass lightly: Valentine Penrose and Alice Rahon Paalen}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kwenyere na ha abụọ nwere mmekọrịta mgbe ha nọ na India dabere na àgwà ndị na-amasị ndị nwoke ibe ha dị n'ọrụ ha n'oge ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Dunwoody|first=Maitland|date=2017-05-01|title=Les auteures surréalistes : French and Francophone Women Surrealist Writers -- Joyce Mansour, Valentine Penrose and Gisèle Prassinos|url=https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4734|journal=Masters Theses}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe njem ha na India gasịrị, ha ahụghị ibe ha ọzọ.

Malite n'afọ 1937, ọ malitere ide ihe gbasara ndị na-enwe mmasị nwoke na nwanyị, ya na ndị hụrụ ya n'anya bụ Emily na Rubia. Nke a na-achịkwa Martha's Opéra (1945), na Dons des Féminines (1951). &lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Paul Éluard nwere mmasị n'ọrụ Penrose, onye dere okwu mmalite maka nchịkọta mbụ ya Herbe à la lune (1935) na Dons des féminines (1951). &lt;ref name=&quot;Writers History&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Penrose, Valentine|url=http://writershistory.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=248&amp;Itemid=48|publisher=Writers History Literature Portal|accessdate=8 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508222735/http://writershistory.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=248&amp;Itemid=48|archivedate=8 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alice Rohan kpaliri ọrụ ndị dị na Dons des féminines nke ukwuu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Dunwoody|first=Maitland|date=2017-05-01|title=Les auteures surréalistes : French and Francophone Women Surrealist Writers -- Joyce Mansour, Valentine Penrose and Gisèle Prassinos|url=https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4734|journal=Masters Theses}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFDunwoody2017&quot;&gt;Dunwoody, Maitland (2017-05-01). [https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4734 &quot;Les auteures surréalistes : French and Francophone Women Surrealist Writers -- Joyce Mansour, Valentine Penrose and Gisèle Prassinos&quot;]. ''Masters Theses''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ makwaara onye na-ede uri surrealist André Breton . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Roland Penrose Biography|url=http://www.rolandpenrose.co.uk/about.aspx?cat=1900|accessdate=8 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O tinyere aka na ihe nkiri ole na ole dịka London Bulletin, VVV, Dyn, na Free Unions. &lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRosemont1998&quot;&gt;Rosemont, Penelope, ed. (1998). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:surrealistwomeni00rose|''Surrealist Women: An International Anthology'']]&lt;/span&gt;. University of Texas Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0292770881|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0292770881&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntinye aka ==
N'afọ 1940, Penrose mere collages surrealist.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRosemont1998&quot;&gt;Rosemont, Penelope, ed. (1998). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:surrealistwomeni00rose|''Surrealist Women: An International Anthology'']]&lt;/span&gt;. University of Texas Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0292770881|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0292770881&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Dons des Féminines (1951) jikọtara collages ya na uri. &lt;ref name=&quot;EDP&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Roush|first=Paula|title=Les deux amies / The two girlfriends (Gifts of the Feminine)|url=http://msdm.org.uk/archive/paula-roush-maria-lusitano-queer-paper-gardens-the-wildlife-of-symbols.pdf|publisher=Fundação EDP, Lisbon|accessdate=10 May 2014|date=2013}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRoushLusitano,_Maria2013&quot;&gt;Roush, Paula; Lusitano, Maria (2013). [http://msdm.org.uk/archive/paula-roush-maria-lusitano-queer-paper-gardens-the-wildlife-of-symbols.pdf &quot;Les deux amies / The two girlfriends (Gifts of the Feminine)&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Fundação EDP, Lisbon&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;10 May&lt;/span&gt; 2014&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Otu n'ime collages ya bụ The Real Women, 1938. &lt;ref name=&quot;1916- 1994&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Magnifying mirrors : women, surrealism, &amp; partnership|author=Hubert, Renée Riese|date=1994|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|isbn=978-0803223707|location=Lincoln|oclc=28182787}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFHubert,_Renée_Riese1994&quot;&gt;Hubert, Renée Riese (1994). ''Magnifying mirrors : women, surrealism, &amp; partnership''. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0803223707|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0803223707&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/28182787 28182787].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ihe osise collage nke Penrose na-eji ihe ndị dị na Surrealism eme ihe mgbe ọ na-adịghị anabata akụkụ echiche nke nka Surrealist, ọtụtụ mgbe n'ihe gbasara ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị. Ọ na-ekwukarị okwu n'ezoghị ọnụ banyere obi ọjọọ na misogyny mgbe ụfọdụ nke ndị Surrealists gosipụtara ma na-akatọ ụfọdụ ndị nọ n'ime òtù ahụ, dị ka Max Ernst, onye a ma ama maka iji collage dị ka onye na-ajụ ase.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chadwick|first=Whitney|title=Farewell to the Muse: Love, War and the Women of Surrealism|date=2017}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChadwick2017&quot;&gt;Chadwick, Whitney (2017). ''Farewell to the Muse: Love, War and the Women of Surrealism''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Di ya, Roland Penrose, bụ onye na-ese ihe n'anya nke ukwuu, onye a ma ama n'ime mmegharị Surrealist ebe ọ na-ejikọta Valentine Penrose na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe n'azụ Surrealist. E ji ihe osise ọdịnala na ihe osise collage mepụta ọtụtụ ihe osise Valentine Penrose nke sitere na mbipụta nkịtị dịka akwụkwọ akụkọ, katalọgụ na akwụkwọ. Ndepụta ya gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe osise na akwụkwọ akụkọ collage nke aha ya bụ Dons des Féminines, nke tinyere ndabere akwụkwọ ya n'ime ihe odide ya. A na-akpọ Dons des Féminines &quot;akwụkwọ artchetypal surrealist&quot; ebe ọ na-eji ihe ndị e ji akọwa ihe nke a na-atụ anya ya na nka Surrealist. Usoro a kewara ekewa ma jiri uri asụsụ abụọ mee ihe na onyonyo anya nke ihe osise ahụ iji mepụta mgbagwoju anya na ntụgharị asụsụ na-aga n'ihu. A na-ahazi onyonyo ndị ahụ iji mepụta njikọ na enweghị nnọgidesi ike ma na-aghọwanye mgbagwoju anya. E nwere ntụaka na ọrụ akwụkwọ Penrose ndị ọzọ, nke jikọtara ọnụ, mana akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ enweghị usoro pụrụ iche. Ndabere maka ọrụ ndị ahụ na-abụkarị nke ọdịdị ala ma ọ bụ ala ebe a na-agbakwụnye ihe ndị mba ọzọ, mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụzọ ihe atụ iji mepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya. Isiokwu ndị na-apụtakarị n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ nghọtahie nwoke na nwanyị, ịhụnanya na ide amụma. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=MacCannell|first=Juliet|title=The Other Perspective in Gender and Culture: Rewriting Women and the Symbolic|date=1990|publisher=Irvine Studies in the Humanities|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ịhụnanya ndị inyom di na nwunye, karịsịa, bụ isiokwu dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ọrụ Penrose, ọkachasị na Dons des féminines. Ịhụnanya ndị inyom di na nwunye bụ isiokwu dị mkpa n'akwụkwọ a n'ihi na ọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere mgbapụ ịhụnanya nke ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na njem nrọ ha ọnụ. Na mgbakwunye, onye edemede na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ kwuru maka obodo &quot;Mytilene&quot; iji kpalie agwaetiti Sapphic nke Lesbos. Ntụaka a na Mediterenian na-egosi na ihe ijuanya bụ isiokwu dị mkpa nke ọrụ ahụ, kamakwa na Penrose tinyere onwe ya n'ọdịnala Sapphic nke Renee Vivien, Natalie Barney ma ọ bụ Charles Baudelaire naanị mmadụ ole na ole nwere ihe nnọchianya.

== Mbipụta ==

=== Abụ uri French ===

* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|others=[[Paul Éluard|Éluard, Paul]] (preface)|title=Herbe à la lune|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1935|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Sorts de la lueur|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1937|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Poèmes|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1937|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|others=Éluard, Paul (preface); Penrose, Valentine (illustrator)|title=Dons des Féminines|publisher=Les pas Perdus|year=1951|ref=none}} (Collages na uri nke Valentine Penrose dere. Otu mbipụta nwere ihe osise ndị ọzọ nke Pablo Picasso sere [[Pablo Picasso]]).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=3388: Penrose, Valentine: Dons des Feminines|url=http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/3401885|accessdate=10 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pablo Picasso: Valentine Penrose, Dons de Féminines, Les Pas perdus|url=http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/lot/pablo-picasso-valentine-penrose-dons-de-feminines-1957414-details.aspx?intObjectID=1957414|publisher=Christies|accessdate=10 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Les Magies|publisher=Les Mains Libres|year=1972|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|editor=Colville, Georgiana M. M.|title=Ecrits d'une femme surréaliste|year=2001|publisher=J. Losfeld|location=Paris|isbn=978-2844120915|ref=none}} (Nchịkọta nke ọrụ Valentine Penrose)

=== Ihe odide French ===

* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Le Nouveau Candide|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1936|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Martha's Opéra|publisher=Fontaine|year=1945|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Erzsébet Báthory la Comtesse sanglante|publisher=Gallimard / Mercure de France|year=1962|ref=none}}

=== Ọrụ ndị a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Bekee ===

* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Poems and Narrations|publisher=Littlehampton Book Services Ltd|year=1977|isbn=978-0856352072|ref=none}}
*    (Nsụgharị nke Erzsébet Báthory la Comtesse sanglante) {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=The Bloody Countess: Atrocities of Erzsébet Báthory|publisher=Solar Books|year=2006|isbn=978-0-9714578-2-9|ref=none}}

== Ihe nkiri ==
Penrose mere ihe nkiri ndị a:

* L'Age d'Or (1930), nke Luis Buñuel duziri&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=L'Age d'Or|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0021577/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm|publisher=IMDb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* La ''Garoupe'' (1937), nke Man Ray duziri  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Essai Cinématographique : La Garoupe|url=https://www.centrepompidou.fr/cpv/resource/co4jMnd/rqKgdd|work=[[Centre Pompidou]]|accessdate=31 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=La Garope|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3416914/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=8 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
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== Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==
{{Cite book|title=Reconceptions Reading Modern French Poetry|year=1996|publisher=University of Nottingham|pages=81–112|chapterurl=http://mlpa.nottingham.ac.uk/archive/00000035/01/Rec_Colvile.pdf|author=Colvile|first=Georgiana M. M.|editor=King, Russell|chapter=Through an Hour-glass lightly: Valentine Penrose and Alice Rahon Paalen|ref=none}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Penrose, Valentine}}</text>
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'''Valentine Penrose''' (née Boué; 1 Jenụwarị 1898 - 7 Ọgọst 1978) bụ onye France na-ede uri, [[:en:Collagist|onye na-emekọ ihe ọnụ]], na [[:en:Surrealist|onye na-eme ihere]] ihe nkiri na ndị otu ya.

== Ndụ na ọrụ ==
A mụrụ Valentine Boué n'afọ 1898 n'ezinụlọ ndị agha na Mont-de-Marsan, Landes, France. Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Paris mgbe ọ dị obere.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot; /&gt;

N'afọ 1925, ọ lụrụ onye England na-ese ihe, ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye na-ede uri Roland Penrose (1900-1984) wee sonye n'òtù ndị surrealists nọ na Paris, Mougins na England. Alụmdi na nwunye ahụ emezughị. Boué na di ya kwagara Spain na 1936 n'oge [[World War II|agha]] Obodo Spain. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ sonyeere ndị ọrụ na Spain iji chebe mgbanwe ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Yale Anthology of Twentieth-Century French Poetry|url=https://archive.org/details/yaleanthologyoft0000unse_d8k5|date=2004|publisher=Yale University Press|others=Caws, Mary Ann.|isbn=9780300133158|location=New Haven|oclc=182530178}}&lt;/ref&gt; Valentine na Roland nwere echiche dị iche iche gbasara ọdịnala na India, echiche ndị ọwụwa anyanwụ, na nkà ihe ọmụma, nke mere ka ha ghara ịdị anya n'etiti ha abụọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ha gbara alụkwaghịm n'afọ 1937, mana ha zutere ọzọ na London n'oge [[:en:Second_World_War|agha]] ahụ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ biri ọkara oge ya na di ya mbụ na nwunye ya nke abụọ, onye nta akụkọ foto Amerịka bụ́ Lee Miller biri. Ndokwa a gara n'ihu n'oge ndụ ya niile.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Kellaway|first=Kate|title=Tony Penrose: 'With Picasso, the rule book was torn up'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/aug/22/picasso-lee-miller-tony-penrose|accessdate=8 May 2014|work=The Guardian|date=22 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ sonyeere Ndị agha France na 1940.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ nwụrụ n'abalị asaa nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1978 na [[:en:Chiddingly|Chiddingly]], East Sussex, England, n'ụlọ di ya mbụ.

Boué bụ nwanyị nọọrọ onwe ya nke na-akwali megide atụmanya mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya; dịka nwanyị, a tụrụ anya na ọ ga-abụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi na ihe mgbaru ọsọ maka ndị omenkà nwoke na-eme ihe nkiri.

== Ụdị edemede na mmetụta ya ==
Penrose zutere ndị na-eme ihe ike na-enweghị isi na ngwụcha afọ 1920. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ mbụ sonyere na mmegharị ndị na-eme ihe ike na-enweghị isi.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot; /&gt; Penrose sonyere na mbipụta nke mbipụta mbụ nke Andre Breton nke La Révolution ''[[:en:La_Révolution_surréaliste|surréalist]]'';  ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị asatọ ndị ọzọ tinyere aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ. Mbipụta mbụ ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ nzaghachi nye 1929 &quot;Nnyocha banyere ịhụnanya&quot; na La Révolution surréaliste no. 12 . &lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot; /&gt;

Penrose dere uri surrealist, ọ bụ ezie na a maara ya nke ọma maka akụkọ ndụ ya nke onye na-egbu ọtụtụ mmadụ Elizabeth Báthory (1560-1614). Abụ ya na-egosipụta ahụmịhe ya nke ederede na-akpaghị aka, collage na usoro eserese dị ka Max Ernst's frottage na Wolfgang Paalen's fumage.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; A na-ekwu na ọrụ ya sitere na mmebi iwu na iwughachi nnupụisi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Humphreys|first=Karen|date=2003|title=The Poetics of Transgression in Valentine Penrose's &quot;La Comtesse sanglante&quot;|journal=The French Review|volume=76|issue=4|pages=740–751|issn=0016-111X}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maka nwanyị na-ese ihe n'oge ya, ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na nwanyị ga-egosi ọrụ ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ na ime ihe ike dị otú ahụ. Ihe dị iche n'etiti Ernst na Penrose bụ na ọrụ Ernst na-anọchite anya usoro nrọ dị egwu nke nwere mmekọrịta na-adịghị mma na nke dị iche iche ebe nke Penrose na-egosi njem nke ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na njem mmekọahụ ha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Humphreys|first=Karen|date=December 2006|title=Collages Communicants: Visual Representation in the Collage-Albums of Max Ernst and Valentine Penrose|journal=Contemporary French and Francophone Studies|volume=10|issue=4|pages=377–387|doi=10.1080/17409290601040379|issn=1740-9292}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Penrose nwere mmasị na mysticism ụmụ nwanyị, nkà ihe ọmụma Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, &lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRosemont1998&quot;&gt;Rosemont, Penelope, ed. (1998). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:surrealistwomeni00rose|''Surrealist Women: An International Anthology'']]&lt;/span&gt;. University of Texas Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0292770881|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0292770881&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Western mysticism, &lt;ref name=&quot;1916- 1994&quot; /&gt; alchemy na anwansi. N'afọ 1929, n'oge ọ na-aga Ijipt, ọ zutere onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie na prọfesọ nke nkà ihe ọmụma Vicente Galarza y Pérez Castañeda, onye maara dị ka Count Galarza de Santa Clara, onye isi nke esoteric,  wee gaa ọtụtụ ugboro na ashram ya na India.[es]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Zing Tsjeng|title=Forgotten Women: The Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a8JWDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT55|year=2018|publisher=Octopus|isbn=978-1-78840-115-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gụrụ Sanskrit mgbe ọ nọ na India.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot; /&gt; N'afọ 1936, ya na onye na-ede uri na onye na'ese ihe bụ Alice Paalen (mgbe e mesịrị Alice Rahon) gara India ogologo oge. Ha na-adịkwu nso ma gosipụta mmekọrịta ha na uri ha site na 1936 ruo ihe dị ka 1945.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EDP&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Reconceptions Reading Modern French Poetry|year=1996|publisher=University of Nottingham|chapterurl=http://mlpa.nottingham.ac.uk/archive/00000035/01/Rec_Colvile.pdf|author=Colvile, Georgiana M. M.|editor=King, Russell|chapter=Through an Hour-glass lightly: Valentine Penrose and Alice Rahon Paalen}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kwenyere na ha abụọ nwere mmekọrịta mgbe ha nọ na India dabere na àgwà ndị na-amasị ndị nwoke ibe ha dị n'ọrụ ha n'oge ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Mgbe njem ha na India gasịrị, ha ahụghị ibe ha ọzọ.

Malite n'afọ 1937, ọ malitere ide ihe gbasara ndị na-enwe mmasị nwoke na nwanyị, ya na ndị hụrụ ya n'anya bụ Emily na Rubia. Nke a na-achịkwa Martha's Opéra (1945), na Dons des Féminines (1951). &lt;ref name=&quot;Dictionnaire&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye|year=1997|publisher=Karthala|pages=463–465|author=Colvile, Georgiana|editor=Makward Christiane P.|chapter=Penrose, Valentine Boué|language=fr|chapterurl=http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFColvile,_Georgiana1997&quot;&gt;Colvile, Georgiana (1997). [http://www.karthala.com/240-dictionnaire-litteraire-des-femmes-de-langue-francaise-de-marie-de-france-a-marie-ndiaye-9782865376766.html &quot;Penrose, Valentine Boué&quot;]. In Makward Christiane P.; Cottenet-Hage, Madeleine (eds.). ''Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye'' (in French). Karthala. pp.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;463–&lt;/span&gt;465.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Paul Éluard nwere mmasị n'ọrụ Penrose, onye dere okwu mmalite maka nchịkọta mbụ ya Herbe à la lune (1935) na Dons des féminines (1951). &lt;ref name=&quot;Writers History&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Penrose, Valentine|url=http://writershistory.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=248&amp;Itemid=48|publisher=Writers History Literature Portal|accessdate=8 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508222735/http://writershistory.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=248&amp;Itemid=48|archivedate=8 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alice Rohan kpaliri ọrụ ndị dị na Dons des féminines nke ukwuu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Dunwoody|first=Maitland|date=2017-05-01|title=Les auteures surréalistes : French and Francophone Women Surrealist Writers -- Joyce Mansour, Valentine Penrose and Gisèle Prassinos|url=https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4734|journal=Masters Theses}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFDunwoody2017&quot;&gt;Dunwoody, Maitland (2017-05-01). [https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4734 &quot;Les auteures surréalistes : French and Francophone Women Surrealist Writers -- Joyce Mansour, Valentine Penrose and Gisèle Prassinos&quot;]. ''Masters Theses''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ makwaara onye na-ede uri surrealist André Breton . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Roland Penrose Biography|url=http://www.rolandpenrose.co.uk/about.aspx?cat=1900|accessdate=8 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O tinyere aka na ihe nkiri ole na ole dịka London Bulletin, VVV, Dyn, na Free Unions. &lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRosemont1998&quot;&gt;Rosemont, Penelope, ed. (1998). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:surrealistwomeni00rose|''Surrealist Women: An International Anthology'']]&lt;/span&gt;. University of Texas Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0292770881|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0292770881&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntinye aka ==
N'afọ 1940, Penrose mere collages surrealist.&lt;ref name=&quot;University of Texas Press&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Surrealist Women: An International Anthology|editor=Rosemont|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0292770881|url=https://archive.org/details/surrealistwomeni00rose}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRosemont1998&quot;&gt;Rosemont, Penelope, ed. (1998). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:surrealistwomeni00rose|''Surrealist Women: An International Anthology'']]&lt;/span&gt;. University of Texas Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0292770881|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0292770881&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Dons des Féminines (1951) jikọtara collages ya na uri. &lt;ref name=&quot;EDP&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Roush|first=Paula|title=Les deux amies / The two girlfriends (Gifts of the Feminine)|url=http://msdm.org.uk/archive/paula-roush-maria-lusitano-queer-paper-gardens-the-wildlife-of-symbols.pdf|publisher=Fundação EDP, Lisbon|accessdate=10 May 2014|date=2013}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRoushLusitano,_Maria2013&quot;&gt;Roush, Paula; Lusitano, Maria (2013). [http://msdm.org.uk/archive/paula-roush-maria-lusitano-queer-paper-gardens-the-wildlife-of-symbols.pdf &quot;Les deux amies / The two girlfriends (Gifts of the Feminine)&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Fundação EDP, Lisbon&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;10 May&lt;/span&gt; 2014&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Otu n'ime collages ya bụ The Real Women, 1938. &lt;ref name=&quot;1916- 1994&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Magnifying mirrors : women, surrealism, &amp; partnership|author=Hubert, Renée Riese|date=1994|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|isbn=978-0803223707|location=Lincoln|oclc=28182787}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFHubert,_Renée_Riese1994&quot;&gt;Hubert, Renée Riese (1994). ''Magnifying mirrors : women, surrealism, &amp; partnership''. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0803223707|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0803223707&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/28182787 28182787].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ihe osise collage nke Penrose na-eji ihe ndị dị na Surrealism eme ihe mgbe ọ na-adịghị anabata akụkụ echiche nke nka Surrealist, ọtụtụ mgbe n'ihe gbasara ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị. Ọ na-ekwukarị okwu n'ezoghị ọnụ banyere obi ọjọọ na misogyny mgbe ụfọdụ nke ndị Surrealists gosipụtara ma na-akatọ ụfọdụ ndị nọ n'ime òtù ahụ, dị ka Max Ernst, onye a ma ama maka iji collage dị ka onye na-ajụ ase.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chadwick|first=Whitney|title=Farewell to the Muse: Love, War and the Women of Surrealism|date=2017}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChadwick2017&quot;&gt;Chadwick, Whitney (2017). ''Farewell to the Muse: Love, War and the Women of Surrealism''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Di ya, Roland Penrose, bụ onye na-ese ihe n'anya nke ukwuu, onye a ma ama n'ime mmegharị Surrealist ebe ọ na-ejikọta Valentine Penrose na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe n'azụ Surrealist. E ji ihe osise ọdịnala na ihe osise collage mepụta ọtụtụ ihe osise Valentine Penrose nke sitere na mbipụta nkịtị dịka akwụkwọ akụkọ, katalọgụ na akwụkwọ. Ndepụta ya gụnyere ọtụtụ ihe osise na akwụkwọ akụkọ collage nke aha ya bụ Dons des Féminines, nke tinyere ndabere akwụkwọ ya n'ime ihe odide ya. A na-akpọ Dons des Féminines &quot;akwụkwọ artchetypal surrealist&quot; ebe ọ na-eji ihe ndị e ji akọwa ihe nke a na-atụ anya ya na nka Surrealist. Usoro a kewara ekewa ma jiri uri asụsụ abụọ mee ihe na onyonyo anya nke ihe osise ahụ iji mepụta mgbagwoju anya na ntụgharị asụsụ na-aga n'ihu. A na-ahazi onyonyo ndị ahụ iji mepụta njikọ na enweghị nnọgidesi ike ma na-aghọwanye mgbagwoju anya. E nwere ntụaka na ọrụ akwụkwọ Penrose ndị ọzọ, nke jikọtara ọnụ, mana akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ enweghị usoro pụrụ iche. Ndabere maka ọrụ ndị ahụ na-abụkarị nke ọdịdị ala ma ọ bụ ala ebe a na-agbakwụnye ihe ndị mba ọzọ, mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụzọ ihe atụ iji mepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya. Isiokwu ndị na-apụtakarị n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ bụ nghọtahie nwoke na nwanyị, ịhụnanya na ide amụma. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=MacCannell|first=Juliet|title=The Other Perspective in Gender and Culture: Rewriting Women and the Symbolic|date=1990|publisher=Irvine Studies in the Humanities|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ịhụnanya ndị inyom di na nwunye, karịsịa, bụ isiokwu dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ọrụ Penrose, ọkachasị na Dons des féminines. Ịhụnanya ndị inyom di na nwunye bụ isiokwu dị mkpa n'akwụkwọ a n'ihi na ọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere mgbapụ ịhụnanya nke ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na njem nrọ ha ọnụ. Na mgbakwunye, onye edemede na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ kwuru maka obodo &quot;Mytilene&quot; iji kpalie agwaetiti Sapphic nke Lesbos. Ntụaka a na Mediterenian na-egosi na ihe ijuanya bụ isiokwu dị mkpa nke ọrụ ahụ, kamakwa na Penrose tinyere onwe ya n'ọdịnala Sapphic nke Renee Vivien, Natalie Barney ma ọ bụ Charles Baudelaire naanị mmadụ ole na ole nwere ihe nnọchianya.

== Mbipụta ==

=== Abụ uri French ===

* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|others=[[Paul Éluard|Éluard, Paul]] (preface)|title=Herbe à la lune|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1935|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Sorts de la lueur|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1937|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Poèmes|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1937|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|others=Éluard, Paul (preface); Penrose, Valentine (illustrator)|title=Dons des Féminines|publisher=Les pas Perdus|year=1951|ref=none}} (Collages na uri nke Valentine Penrose dere. Otu mbipụta nwere ihe osise ndị ọzọ nke Pablo Picasso sere [[Pablo Picasso]]).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=3388: Penrose, Valentine: Dons des Feminines|url=http://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/3401885|accessdate=10 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pablo Picasso: Valentine Penrose, Dons de Féminines, Les Pas perdus|url=http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/lot/pablo-picasso-valentine-penrose-dons-de-feminines-1957414-details.aspx?intObjectID=1957414|publisher=Christies|accessdate=10 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Les Magies|publisher=Les Mains Libres|year=1972|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|editor=Colville, Georgiana M. M.|title=Ecrits d'une femme surréaliste|year=2001|publisher=J. Losfeld|location=Paris|isbn=978-2844120915|ref=none}} (Nchịkọta nke ọrụ Valentine Penrose)

=== Ihe odide French ===

* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Le Nouveau Candide|publisher=Editions GLM|year=1936|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Martha's Opéra|publisher=Fontaine|year=1945|ref=none}}
* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Erzsébet Báthory la Comtesse sanglante|publisher=Gallimard / Mercure de France|year=1962|ref=none}}

=== Ọrụ ndị a sụgharịrị n'asụsụ Bekee ===

* {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=Poems and Narrations|publisher=Littlehampton Book Services Ltd|year=1977|isbn=978-0856352072|ref=none}}
*    (Nsụgharị nke Erzsébet Báthory la Comtesse sanglante) {{Cite book|author=Penrose|first=Valentine|title=The Bloody Countess: Atrocities of Erzsébet Báthory|publisher=Solar Books|year=2006|isbn=978-0-9714578-2-9|ref=none}}

== Ihe nkiri ==
Penrose mere ihe nkiri ndị a:

* L'Age d'Or (1930), nke Luis Buñuel duziri&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=L'Age d'Or|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0021577/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm|publisher=IMDb}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* La ''Garoupe'' (1937), nke Man Ray duziri  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Essai Cinématographique : La Garoupe|url=https://www.centrepompidou.fr/cpv/resource/co4jMnd/rqKgdd|work=[[Centre Pompidou]]|accessdate=31 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=La Garope|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3416914/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=8 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==
{{Cite book|title=Reconceptions Reading Modern French Poetry|year=1996|publisher=University of Nottingham|pages=81–112|chapterurl=http://mlpa.nottingham.ac.uk/archive/00000035/01/Rec_Colvile.pdf|author=Colvile|first=Georgiana M. M.|editor=King, Russell|chapter=Through an Hour-glass lightly: Valentine Penrose and Alice Rahon Paalen|ref=none}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Penrose, Valentine}}</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334817559|Yanette Delétang-Tardif]]&quot;</comment>
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 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;'''Yanette Delétang-Tardif''' (18 June 1902 - 4 November 1976) bụ onye France na-ede uri, &lt;ref name=&quot;rdajpg&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=de Ayala|first=Roselyne|date=1 November 1999|title=Illustrated letters: artists and writers correspond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVFcAAAAMAAJ|location=New York (New York), USA|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc. (HNA)|isbn=978-0-8109-0653-2|accessdate=2015-10-14|quote=The figure of Orphens accompanied Cocteau throughout the course of his life and work. thus it was only natural that he should charge this mythological hero. his double. with conveying news to his friend. the poet Yanette Deletang-Tardif.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Onye ntụgharị gaa na French nke ọrụ Spanish &lt;ref name=&quot;ychrist&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Christ|first=Yvan|date=February 1962|title=Enrique LAFUENTE FERRARI: Goya — l'Art roman en France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L2IvAAAAMAAJ|language=fr|journal=La Table Ronde|issue=169|issn=0980-4501|accessdate=2016-02-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; na German, &lt;ref name=&quot;rsabatier&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Sabatier|first=Robert|date=10 February 1982|series=Histoire de la poésie française|title=La Poésie du Vingtième Siècle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HOzGQ_IoeekC|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Albin Michel|isbn=978-2-226-01395-8|accessdate=2016-02-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eme ihe osise.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Sanmann|first=Angela|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D27nBQAAQBAJ|date=17 September 2013|title=Poetische Interaktion: Französisch-deutsche Lyrikübersetzung bei Friedhelm Kemp, Paul Celan, Ludwig Harig, Volker Braun|series=Quellen und Forschungen zur Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte|language=de|location=Berlin, D|publisher=De Gruyter|isbn=978-3110312874|accessdate=2023-11-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;thyssens&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thyssens.com/02biblio/00rech_bib/01fiches.php?id=451|title=Deletang-Tardif, Yanette. Tenter de vivre. Poèmes|year=2005|work=Robert Denoël, éditeur|accessdate=2015-10-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ onye edemede na-arụpụta ihe nke ukwuu na onye a ma ama nke uri,  agbanyeghị na ọ pụtara mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka onye na-ede uri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Douglas|year=1957|title=Contemporary art|series=Yale French studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xUoUAAAAIAAJ|location=New Haven (Connecticut), USA|publisher=Yale University Press|oclc=5189961|accessdate=2015-10-17|quote=…and Yanette Deletang-Tardif, one of the better known and more prolific women-poets.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Covarrubias|first=Miguel|year=1997|title=Papelería en Trámite|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UQvmAAAAMAAJ|language=es|location=México, MX|publisher=Ediciones Castillo, S.A. de C.V.|isbn=978-968-7415-56-7|accessdate=2015-10-17|quote=Yanette Delétang-Tardif me intrigó desde su casi total ocultamiento, aunque figura como la única excepción femenina en el recuento de la ''Poesía francesa contemporánea'' de Manuel Álvarez Ortega.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Yanette Delétang-Tardif Anne Marie Paule Delétang na 18 June 1902 na [[Roubaix]]. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Marie Troupeau na Maurice Delétang, onye na-emepụta ihe. N'afọ 1927, ọ lụrụ Raymond Tardif, onye ya na ya biri ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1963 ma nwee otu nwa nwoke aha ya bụ Jean-Loup n'afọ 1928.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://deces.matchid.io/id/xpsj0ny0L4UA|title=TARDIF Jean-Loup|date=2023|work=Moteur de recherche des personnes décédées (matchID)|language=fr|publisher=|accessdate=2023-11-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ lụsịrị di, ọ were aha edemede ya: Yanette Delétang-Tardif. Mgbe ahụ, ọ nọwo na-enwe ihe ịga nke ọma iji guzobe onwe ya dị ka onye edemede zuru oke site na mbipụta nke nchịkọta uri mbụ ya: Éclats na 1929, Générer, ọrụ uri banyere ahụmịhe nne ya, &lt;ref name=&quot;claburco&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Burnham Cooper|first=Clarissa|year=1943|title=Women poets of the twentieth century in France: a critical bibliography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ChM_AAAAIAAJ|location=New York (New York), USA|publisher=King's Crown Press|oclc=3308699|accessdate=2015-10-17|quote=Her ''Confidences des îles'' (1934), besides revealing the influence of Valéry, shows that of Guy Lavaud […] She even attempts to interpret her experience of maternity in the detached, cerebral style invented by Valery […] in the book Generer…}}&lt;/ref&gt; na 1930 na Vol d'oiseaux na 1931. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Benkov|first=Edith Joyce|editor=Wilson|date=28 February 1991|title=An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Wf1SVbGFg8C|series=Garland reference library of the humanities|location=London, UK|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis|isbn=978-0-8240-8547-6|chapter=Yanette Deletang-Tardif|accessdate=2015-10-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọrụ ndị mbụ ahụ na-agba akaebe na ọ bụ Paul Valéry nwere ''Ịmepụta'' na-eme ihe nkiri. &lt;ref name=&quot;claburco&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Stanton|first=Domna C.|year=1986|title=French Feminist Poems from the Middle Ages to the Present: A Bilingual Anthology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wf9ofu5DD2kC|series=The Defiant Muse|location=New York (New York), USA|publisher=[[The Feminist Press|Feminist Press at CUNY]]|isbn=978-0-935312-52-2|accessdate=2015-10-14|quote=The first published works of Yanette Delétang-Tardif, Éclats (1929) and Générer (1930), from which the selection in this volume is taken, reveal the influence of Valéry's prosody, as does her ''Chants royaux''…}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'akwụkwọ ya Confidences des îles nke e dere na 1934, ọ nabatara ụdị na-ekpughe mmetụta na-agbakwunye nke Guy Lavaud. [ihe odide ala ala peeji] &lt;ref name=&quot;claburco&quot; /&gt; Ka ọ dị ugbu a, o bipụtara n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, nke a họpụtara dị ka onye a ma ama na-ede uri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Winckler|year=1995|title=Unter der &quot;Coupole&quot;: Die Paris-Feuilletons Hermann Wendels 1933–1936|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qP1n1y3kHcUC|series=Studien und Texte zur Sozialgeschichte der Literatur|language=de|location=Berlin, D|publisher=Verlag Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-484-35047-2|accessdate=2015-10-17|quote=Ihre vier Gedichtbände, &quot;Eclats&quot;, &quot;Generer&quot;, &quot;Vol des Oiseaux&quot; und &quot;Confidences des Iles&quot;, von denen die drei ersten bei Aristide Quillet, Paris, erschienen sind, sichern Yanette Deletang-Tardif einen hervorragenden Platz in den Reihen der modersten Frauendichtung, nein, der modersten Dichtung überhaupt.}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1935, akwụkwọ akụkọ L'Année poétique a na-ebipụta kwa ọnwa wepụtara mbipụta pụrụ iche nke a raara nye ya kpamkpam, nke Jean de Bosschère sere onyinyo ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=July 1935|title=Yanette Deletang-Tardif|language=fr|journal=L'Année poétique|issue=12|pages=1–16}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ịbụ onye na-achọ ịmata ihe banyere surrealism dị ka usoro ọdịbendị, ọ nweghị mmasị n'akụkụ echiche ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=de La Rochefoucauld|first=Edmée|year=1969|title=Femmes d'hier et d'aujourd'hui|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XON0Sp83uQkC|chapter=LES POÈTES : de Renée Vivien à Marie Noël|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Éditions Bernard Grasset|isbn=978-2-246-80054-5|oclc=5878552|accessdate=2016-02-25|quote=Si Anna de Noailles relevait du naturisme, si Cécile Périn, moins connue, était unanimiste, si Yanette Delétang Tardif ou Céline Arnault sont surréalistes, aucune n'a fait de théorie, écrit de manifestes, proclamé de principes.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dị ka onye na-ede uri, ọ sonyeere École de Rochefort, nke ọ bụ naanị nwanyị nọ n'ime ya, ebe ọ bụ na onye na-ese uri Jean Bouhier mepụtara usoro uri a na 1941.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://bu.univ-angers.fr/billet/2010/quand-les-poetes-de-rochefort-etaient-des-femmes|title=Quand les poètes de Rochefort étaient des femmes|author=Chabod|first=France|language=fr|date=18 March 2010|work=BUA|publisher=Service Commun de la Documentation de l'[[University of Angers|Université d'Angers]]|accessdate=2015-10-15|quote=Fondé en 1941 par Jean Bouhier et le peintre Pierre Penon, ce groupe rallia […] Yanette Delétang-Tardif […] et une soixantaine d'autres par la suite.|archivedate=30 January 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130225210/http://bu.univ-angers.fr/billet/2010/quand-les-poetes-de-rochefort-etaient-des-femmes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ezie na ọ ghọrọ onye guzobere otu ndị na-ede uri ahụ nwere nkà, ọ nọgidere na-enwere onwe ya ma na-agbachitere echiche onwe onye nke uri, dị ka nnabata dị mma nke uri Stéphane Mallarmé, nke dị nnọọ iche na echiche uri nke otu Rochefort. N'afọ 1942, o ritere Ihe nrite Mallarmé iji kwanyere ọrụ ya ùgwù ma wepụta akwụkwọ ya Tenter de vivre.&lt;ref name=&quot;thyssens&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thyssens.com/02biblio/00rech_bib/01fiches.php?id=451|title=Deletang-Tardif, Yanette. Tenter de vivre. Poèmes|year=2005|work=Robert Denoël, éditeur|accessdate=2015-10-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Bufkin|year=1980|title=Foreign Literary Prizes, Romance and Germanic Languages|url=https://archive.org/details/foreignliteraryp00bufk|location=New York (New York), USA|publisher=[[R.R. Bowker|R. R. Bowker Company]]|isbn=978-0-8352-1243-4|oclc=5751182|accessdate=2015-10-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge ahụ, ọ zutere Jean Cocteau onye ọ matara nke ọma.&lt;ref name=&quot;rdajpg&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=de Ayala|first=Roselyne|date=1 November 1999|title=Illustrated letters: artists and writers correspond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVFcAAAAMAAJ|location=New York (New York), USA|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Inc. (HNA)|isbn=978-0-8109-0653-2|accessdate=2015-10-14|quote=The figure of Orphens accompanied Cocteau throughout the course of his life and work. thus it was only natural that he should charge this mythological hero. his double. with conveying news to his friend. the poet Yanette Deletang-Tardif.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Cocteau|first=Jean|editor=Chanel|date=26 September 1989|title=Le Passé défini: Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P63vAAAAMAAJ|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=[[Gallimard]]|isbn=978-2-0707-1575-6|accessdate=2015-10-14|quote=Et revenant l'autre jour rue de Montpensier, avec madame Delétang-Tardif, je retrouvais là l'histoire de mes souffrances…}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na arịrịọ ya pụrụ iche mgbe ahụ, Jean Cocteau sere onyinyo ya, otu ugboro e bipụtaghachiri ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ agha ya ma mee ya nke ugboro abụọ na 1943. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|date=13 December 2011|title=Ancienne collection Guillaume Apollinaire, Jean Cocteau, collection d'un amateur, autographes, dessins, peintres, beaux livres du XXe siècle.|url=http://www.bibliorare.com/pdf/cat-vent_drouot13-12-2011.pdf|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Brissonneau|pages=20–22|accessdate=2012-10-14|oclc=707633015|quote=Ce beau portrait, daté de 1943, est très proche de celui de 1942, reproduit dans le Journal de guerre de Cocteau (p. 42).}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dị ka onye omenkà nwere mmasị na ya, o mepụtara mmasị na circus nke o dere isiokwu banyere ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.circopedia.org/Rose_Gold|title=Rose Gold|author=Jando|first=Dominique|year=2008|work=Circopedia|publisher=Big Apple Circus|accessdate=2016-02-13|quote=In September 1945, in Minerve, Yanette Delétang-Tardif had commented thus Rose's debut with her solo trapeze act at Cirque Medrano: &quot;What is so moving about the debut of this trapezist is that, right away, she has reached perfection.&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Thétard|first=Henry|date=15 December 1952|title=Le Cirque: Son public - Ses spectacles - Ses acteurs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2rhAAAAMAAJ|language=fr|journal=[[Revue des deux Mondes]]|issue=24|issn=0035-1962|accessdate=2016-02-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ụfọdụ ndị surrealists kesara akwụkwọ mpịakọta na ngwụcha afọ 1942-1943 n'oge oyi ebe ha kwara ọrụ uri ya ọchị site na mmasị ya maka nka circus ma chọọ ịkatọ ndị ha weere dị ka ndị na-ese ihe. [ihe odide ala peeji [[[note 6]&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;] Ya mere, n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị edemede, ha kwusiri ike na otu onyinye Yanette Delétang-Tardif nyere na ''La Nouvelle Revue Française'' banyere oge mgbe magazin a na-ebipụta kwa nkeji na njikọ aka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mansour Desvaux|first=Marie-Francine|date=5 April 2014|title=Le surréalisme à travers Joyce Mansour: peinture et poésie, le miroir du désir|url=https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01124337/file/2014PA010520.pdf|others=NNT: 2014PA010520 - Id: tel-01124337|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I|accessdate=2016-02-21|quote=[…] le groupe lance un tract intitulé « Vos Gueules » adressé aux poètes collaborationnistes […]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hoctan|first=Caroline|date=5 October 2006|title=Panorama des revues à la libération: août 1944–octobre 1946|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dqoWAQAAIAAJ|language=fr|location=Saint-Germain la Blanche-Herbe, F|publisher=IMEC : Institut Mémoires de l'édition contemporaine|isbn=978-2-908295-81-8|accessdate=2016-02-21|quote=Nous pouvons ainsi trouver entre décembre 1940 et juin 1943 les contributions de Paul Eluard, Alain, Henri Thomas, Claude Roy, Eugène Guillevic, Joë Bousquet, Louis Guilloux, Charles Autrand, Yanette Delétang-Tardif, André Gide, etc.}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'agbanyeghị omume nkwutọ siri ike nke ndị surrealists ahụ,  Comité National des Ecrivains [ihe odide 6] machibidoghị ya dị ka onye edemede a na-achọghị mgbe Nnwere Onwe gasịrị,  ya mere, ọ dịghị mgbe a kpụpụrụ ya maka imekọ ihe ọnụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Assouline|first=Pierre|year=1996|title=L'Épuration des intellectuels|others=Annexe 5|url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=2870276672|pages=161–162|language=fr|location=Brussel, B|publisher=Editions Complexe|isbn=978-2-87027-667-9|series=Historiques|accessdate=2016-02-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ nọgidere na-edegara Max Jacob akwụkwọ ozi, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://archivesetmanuscrits.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cc100463b/cN11050|title=Fonds Max Jacob-Collection Gompel-Netter Correspondance. Lettres de Max Jacob à Yanette Delétang-Tardif|year=2010|work=BnF - Archives et manuscrits|publisher=Bibliothèque nationale de France|language=fr|accessdate=2016-03-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye bụ onye a ma ama n'etiti ndị nnọchiteanya kachasị nke Rochefort poetic movement. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.max-jacob.com/ecole-de-rochefort.html|title=Max Jacob et l'école de Rochefort: poétique et pédagogie|author=Van Rogger Andréucci|first=Christine|year=2007|work=AMJ – Association des Amis de Max Jacob|publisher=Association des Amis de Max Jacob|accessdate=2016-03-02|quote=Max Jacob, revenu de Paris pour s'installer définitivement à Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire en juin 1936, devient une figure centrale dans les liens qui uniront les fondateurs de l'école de Rochefort.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ahụ, mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1944, ọ bụ onye mbụ dere akụkọ kachasị ukwuu site na nkwupụta ndị akaebe banyere ọnwụ nke onye Juu na-ede uri, ma gosipụta na ọ bụ onye edemede nyocha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Sustrac|first=Patricia|year=2009|title=La mort de Max Jacob: réalité et représentations|url=http://www.cahiersmaxjacob.org/cmj9/9ps1.html|language=fr|journal=Les Cahiers Max Jacob|volume=9|pages=103–127|issue=9|doi=10.3406/maxja.2009.962|issn=0526-8400|accessdate=2016-03-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=July–October 1944|title=La mort d'un poète|language=fr|journal=Poésie|issue=20|pages=14–16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Oxenhandler|first=Neal|year=1964|title=Unpublished Letters from Max Jacob to Jean Fraysse – Contributions of Max Jacob to Les Feux de Paris|journal=University of California Publications in Modern Philology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_Fo8AAAAIAAJ|volume=35|issue=4|pages=221–307|accessdate=2016-03-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Oxenhandler|first=Neal|date=1 May 1997|title=Looking for heroes in postwar France: Albert Camus, Max Jacob, Simone Weil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v3FcAAAAMAAJ|location=Lebanon (New Hampshire), USA|publisher=University Press of New England|isbn=978-0-87451-828-3|accessdate=2016-03-01|quote=In the same affectless style a journal entry for November 28, 1944, records the poet's death as reported by Mme Yanette Deletang-Tardif, who interviewed the attending physician at Drancy.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'oge ahụ, sonnets Gérard de Nerval The ''Chimera'' na ndị na-ede uri German nke oge ịhụnanya so n'akwụkwọ ndị ọ hụrụ n'anya, nke keere òkè na mmepe nke ọrụ ya. O nwere mmasị karịsịa na [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], onye o nyere nsụgharị French a ma ama nke uri - ya na Maurice Betz - &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Schneider|first=Marcel|date=July 1950|title=Les Lettres Allemandes: Thomas Mann et Hermann Hesse|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eOY2AQAAIAAJ|language=fr|journal=La Table Ronde|issue=31|issn=0980-4501|accessdate=2016-02-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; na 1946. N'afọ 1949, ya na Paul Arnold rụkọtara ọrụ na nsụgharị French nke Friedrich Nietzsche zuru ezu. &lt;ref name=&quot;rsabatier&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Sabatier|first=Robert|date=10 February 1982|series=Histoire de la poésie française|title=La Poésie du Vingtième Siècle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HOzGQ_IoeekC|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Albin Michel|isbn=978-2-226-01395-8|accessdate=2016-02-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị mgbe e bipụtara ya n'oge ndụ ya, o mepụtara nsụgharị dị mma nke ''Nachtwachen von Bonaventura'', na-egosipụta mmasị ya na ịhụnanya site na akwụkwọ edemede German.&lt;ref name=&quot;mbrion&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Brion|first=Marcel|year=2000|title=Suite fantastique|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TxvxAAAAMAAJ|series=Cahiers Marcel Brion|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Klincksieck|isbn=978-2-252-03272-5|accessdate=2016-02-11|quote=[…] l'énigmatique Bonaventura dont les Veillées - ce chef-d'oeuvre du Romantisme ! - n'ont pas encore trouvé d'éditeur en France pour l'excellente traduction qu'en a faite Yanette Delétang-Tardif […]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ihe odide Delétang-Tardif abụghị naanị uri ma ọ bụ ọrụ ndị a sụgharịrị, na-agbaso mmasị ya, o dere akwụkwọ akụkọ ma mezue &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Achard|first=Marcel|year=1960|title=Le métier d'auteur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GsHPAAAAMAAJ|language=fr|journal=Les Annales, Conferencia|issue=111|issn=1766-3601|accessdate=2016-02-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ezigbo enyi nke onye France na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ na onye nkatọ Edmond Jaloux, onye o bipụtara akụkọ ndụ ya na 1947. A họpụtara ya dị ka onye otu ndị ọka ikpe maka Ihe nrite Guillaume Apollinaire n'otu afọ ahụ.

Ọ ghọrọ onye otu Société des gens de lettres na 1948. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=26 May 1951|title=Un poéme de... Yanette Delétang-Tardif|page=7|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t5431816w/f7|work=Le Populaire du Centre|language=fr|accessdate=2023-11-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Afọ 1950 gosipụtara ọrụ edemede ya mgbe e nyere ya Ihe nrite Renée Vivien maka nchịkọta uri ya Sept chants royaux.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|year=1962|title=Combat with the Amazon of letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bwpAQAAIAAJ|journal=ADAM International Review|volume=29|issue=299|pages=5–24|accessdate=2015-10-17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Álvarez Ortega|first=Manuel|year=1967|title=Poesía francesa contemporánea, 1915-1965: antología bilingüe|series=Sillar. Estudios Literarios. Segunda serie|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cQMnAAAAMAAJ|language=es|location=Madrid, ES|publisher=Taurus|oclc=332806|accessdate=2016-03-05|quote=También ha recibido el Premio Mallarmé en 1942, el Premio Renée Vivien en 1950 […]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Causse|first=Michèle|year=1980|title=Berthe, ou, un démi-siècle auprés de l'Amazone|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyQaAAAAMAAJ|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Éditions Tierce|oclc=8588563|isbn=978-2-903144-11-1|accessdate=2016-02-26|quote=La poètesse Yanette Delétang-Tardif, enchanteresse, qui reçut le prix Renée Vivien, aimait venir chez miss Barney quand il n'y avait personne.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Malite n'oge ọ malitere ọrụ ya, aha ya bụ aha ezinụlọ di ya, nke o tinyere na aha nna ya. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, obi gbawara ya. Mgbe di ya nwụsịrị, ọ kwụsịrị ide ihe na Paris wee hapụ ọrụ ya dịka onye otu ndị ọkaikpe maka ihe nrite Guillaume Apollinaire. &lt;ref name=&quot;rsabatier&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Sabatier|first=Robert|date=10 February 1982|series=Histoire de la poésie française|title=La Poésie du Vingtième Siècle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HOzGQ_IoeekC|language=fr|location=Paris, F|publisher=Albin Michel|isbn=978-2-226-01395-8|accessdate=2016-02-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ nwụrụ n'amaghị ama na 1976 na Paris.

== Ọrụ ==

* Akara (Aristide Quillet, 1929) 
* ''Ịmepụta'' (Aristide Quillet, 1930) 
* ''Nnụnụ na-efe efe'' (Aristide Quillet, 1931) 
* ''Ihe nzuzo nke agwaetiti'' (Correa, 1934) 
* Briser n'est rien (Sagesse, 1934) 
* ''Ugwu'' (Debresse, 1935) 
* ''Ọnwụ na nrọ'' (Sagesse, 1938) 
* ''Mmetụta nke rose'' (Cahiers de Rochefort, 1941) 
* Abụ ndị na-emepụta windo (Ndị na-ede uri, 1941) 
* Ịgbalị ibi ndụ (Denoël, 1943) 
* Edellina, ma ọ bụ Les Pouvoirs de la musique (Ndị enyi Rochefort, 1943) 
* ''Abụ asaa nke eze'' (Rond-Point, 1945) 
* ''Ndị e jichiri'' (La Table Ronde, 1945) 
* ''Edmond Jaloux'' (La Table Ronde, 1947) 
* La nuit des temps (P. Seghers, 1951) 
* ''Abụ ndị eze'' (P. Seghers, 1956) 
* ''Ihe nnọchianya'' (Subervie, 1957) 
* ''Almanach'' (C.E.L.F. Malines, 1958) 
* Ihe Ndị Na-efu efu (Subervie, 1963) 

== Ihe edeturu na edensibịa ==

=== Ihe edeturu ===
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=== Edensibịa ===
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    <title>Chantal Delsol</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345619295|Chantal Delsol]]&quot;</comment>
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[[Faịlụ:Chantal_Delsol.jpg|thumb|Chantal Delsol na Budapest na 2018]]
'''Chantal Delsol''' (nke a na-akpọkwa '''Chantal Millon-Delsol'''; amụrụ n'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 1947) bụ onye ọkà ihe ọmụma French, ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye edemede. Onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ nyocha Hannah Arendt, nke e guzobere na 1993, ọrụ ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ Julien Freund na Pierre Boutang, yana okwukwe Katọlik ya. 

Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya bụ isi na-elekwasị anya na [[Liberalism|nnwere onwe]], federalism, yana ụkpụrụ nke subsidiarity dabere na echiche nke ịdị iche.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Chantal Delsol n'ezinụlọ ndị Katọlik nọ n'aka nri na Paris, nwa nwanyị nke ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ [[Michel Delsol]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|first=Paul-François|author=Paoli|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/livres/2008/03/06/03005-20080306ARTFIG00508-la-gauchistede-la-famille.php|title=La gauchiste de la famille|publisher=Le Figaro|work=Le Figaro|date=6 March 2008|quote=Une histoire de famille. « Mon père, Michel Delsol, était biologiste à Lyon, et quand j'étais enfant, il nous emmenait dans son laboratoire, où il disséquait les têtards. » Peu attirée par les petites bêtes, elle apprend la patience et cette passion pour la vérification qui distingue les chercheurs des idéologues. Une forte personnalité, ce Michel Delsol. Un « réac » à l'ancienne, catholique traditionaliste et maurrassien à la fois. Chantal Delsol, qui nous reçoit chez elle, boulevard Saint-Michel, parle de lui avec tendresse et un zeste d'humour. Son père aurait bien voulu qu'elle fût une jeune fille rangée. Mais Chantal, à 20 ans, récuse les valeurs autoritaires de cette lignée qui va de Platon à Maurras en passant par Carl Schmitt, où l'on regarde l'humanité de haut, parfois avec mépris.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;liberation&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/politiques/0101262069-enquete-sur-la-droite-2-chez-les-millon-l-esprit-de-belle-famille-c-est-le-clan-de-madame-qui-a-les-idees-et-monsieur-qui-les-expose|title=Enquête sur &quot;la droite&quot; (2). Chez les Millon, l'esprit de belle-famille. C'est le clan de madame qui a les idées et monsieur qui les expose. - Libération|publisher=liberation.fr|accessdate=2016-04-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze Julien Freund, onye na-eso ụzọ Max Weber. Ọ nwetara docteur ès lettres n'okpuru ya n'afọ 1982.

Ọ bụ prọfesọ ugbu a na Mahadum Marne-la-Vallée, ebe ọ na-eduzi ụlọ ọrụ maka ọmụmụ Europe, nke a maara dị ka Hannah Arendt Institute, nke o guzobere na 1993.

== Echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke nkà ihe ọmụma ==
Delsol akọwaala onwe ya dị ka onye na-anabata ihe.

=== Okwu otuto maka ọchịchị gọọmentị etiti na Yuropu ===
Chantal Delsol bụ onye na-akwado ọchịchị etiti Europe, echiche ọ na-achọpụta na Katọlik na ọdịbendị Baroque nke mba German. N'ihi nke a, ọ na-emegide echiche Jean Bodin banyere steeti mba, nke o kwenyere na ọ na-akpata nkwụsịtụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Njikọ, ọ na-ekwu, bụ nkwekọrịta a na-amaghị ama dabere na ebumnuche udo na ọganihu, na-enye ogo dị ukwuu nke mgbanwe ma si otú a bụrụ steeti na-agbanwe agbanwe ma na-emeghe.

Ọ na-ewere European Union dị ugbu a dị ka ọ bụghị ezigbo njikọ. N'ihi enweghị ịdị n'otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na EU, naanị ịdị n'etiti bụ ịdị n'ọchịchị, nke ọ kọwara dị ka teknụzụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Europe enweghị otu iwu n'ihe gbasara nchekwa na ihe gbasara mba ọzọ.&lt;ref&gt;Mouvement Européen - France'', « Fondements philosophiques d'une fédération européenne  », hebdomadaire, n&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;8 (d’octobre 1998), [http://www.magistro.fr/content/view/189/80/ lire en ligne]{{dead link|date=November 2016|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}''&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ụkpụrụ nke enyemaka ===
Maka Delsol, subsidiarity bụ ụkpụrụ nke nhazi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na-enye ohere maka nkewa nke ike na ndị ọchịchị dị iche iche.Ọ dị mkpa ka onye ọchịchị nwere ọrụ n'otu ìgwè hụ na ihe otu ahụ na-eme bụ ịdị adị. Naanị ihe dị mkpa bụ inyere otu ahụ aka imeri adịghị ike ya, ọ bụghịkwa ihe ọzọ ma ọ bụ ihe na-erughị ya.    

=== Ọchịchị ndị mmadụ ===
N'akwụkwọ ya nke akpọrọ La nature du populismme ou les figures de l'idiot!, Chantal Delsol na-enyocha ihe gbasara populism nke oge a, ya bụ, mmụba nke mmasị ugbu a na echiche ahụ yana mkpa ọ dị ịtụleghachi ọnọdụ anyị n'ụwa nke oge a. Nye Delsol populism yiri ka ọ bụ ihe egwu kachasị ukwuu nye ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya; n'aka nke ọzọ, ọ na-ekpughe ntụpọ nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke ọdịda anyanwụ n'ihi echiche ha banyere ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya zuru ụwa ọnụ.

== Edensibịa ==
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1334337683|Régine Pernoud]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Régine Pernoud''' (17 June 1909, Château-Chinon, Nièvre - 22 April 1998, Paris) Eprel 1998, Paris) bụ onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Chiappalone|first=Stefano|date=2023-04-22|title=Régine Pernoud: il Medioevo oltre i pregiudizi|url=https://lanuovabq.it/it/regine-pernoud-il-medioevo-oltre-i-pregiudizi|accessdate=2023-11-04|work=La Nuova Bussola Quotidiana|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pernoud bụ otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta kacha nwee nkà mmụta n'oge ochie na France na narị afọ nke 20; karịa onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-amụ ihe n'oge ya, ọrụ ya gara n'ihu ma gbasaa ọmụmụ [[:en:Joan_of_Arc|Joan nke Arc]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chance|first=Jane|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5QrnjT2NT5MC|title=Women Medievalists and the Academy|publisher=[[University of Wisconsin Press]]|year=2005|isbn=978-0-299-20750-2|pages=711–721|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
N'afọ 1929, ọ nwetara ''nzere bachelọ na mahadum'' nke Aix-en-Provence. Ọ kwagara Paris ebe ọ banyere na École nationale des chartes nke ọ hapụrụ na 1933 na diplọma dị ka onye na-edebe ihe ochie. N'afọ 1935, e nyere ya nzere doctorate na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie site na Sorbonne. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ tolitere n'ezinụlọ dara ogbenye, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ọrụ (gụnyere dịka onye nkụzi, onye nkuzi, na onye na-ahụ maka ihe mgbe ochie) ka ọ na-agụcha akwụkwọ mahadum ya ma na-eche ọkwa n'ụlọ ihe mgbe ochie. O mechara bụrụ onye nlekọta na Museum of Fine Arts, Reims, na 1947, na Museum of the History of France na 1949, na National Archives, na Centre of Joan of Arc (nke o guzobere na 1974 na arịrịọ nke André Malraux).

A maara ya maka ide ọtụtụ ihe banyere [[Joan nke Arc]] na ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị na Middle Ages (500 - 1500), dịka Robert nke Arbrissel onye na 1099 guzobere ebe obibi ndị mọnk abụọ - otu ya na ndị nọn, na otu ya na ụmụ mọnk - nke Fontevraud, ebe o tinyere onye nọnk, Petronille nke Chemillé, onye dị afọ 22, na-elekọta. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie, mana o bipụtakwara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị ama ama. Ọ bụ onye hiwere otu ndị mmụta, [[:en:Académie_du_Morvan|Académie du Morvan]], na 1967.

Ọ bụ nwanne nne Georges Pernoud, onye na-egosi usoro TV ''Thalassa''.

== Onyinye ==
O nwetara ihe nrite ukwu nke Obodo Paris n'afọ 1978, na 1997, Académie Française nyere ya onyinye maka ọrụ ya niile.

== Akwụkwọ ==
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== Ihe odide ==
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== Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==

* {{Cite web|language=fr-FR|author=Babelon|first=Jean-Pierre|date=2009|title=Archives de France Célébration nationale Régine Pernoud, Château-Chinon, 17 juin 1909 – Paris, 22 avril 1998|url=http://www.archivesdefrance.culture.gouv.fr/action-culturelle/celebrations-nationales/2009/litterature-et-sciences-humaines/regine-pernoud|archiveurl=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archivesdefrance.culture.gouv.fr%2Faction-culturelle%2Fcelebrations-nationales%2F2009%2Flitterature-et-sciences-humaines%2Fregine-pernoud#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|archivedate=2014-08-03|work=Archives de France}}
* {{cite web|lang=fr-FR|last=Babelon|first=Jean-Pierre|date=2009|title=Archives de France Célébration nationale Régine Pernoud, Château-Chinon, 17 juin 1909 – Paris, 22 avril 1998|url=http://www.archivesdefrance.culture.gouv.fr/action-culturelle/celebrations-nationales/2009/litterature-et-sciences-humaines/regine-pernoud|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archivesdefrance.culture.gouv.fr%2Faction-culturelle%2Fcelebrations-nationales%2F2009%2Flitterature-et-sciences-humaines%2Fregine-pernoud#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|archive-date=2014-08-03|website=Archives de France}} {{cite conference|lang=fr|last=Benoit|first=Jean-Louis|title=Défendre le Moyen-âge : Les combats de Régine Pernoud.|trans-title=Defending the Middle Ages: the Struggles of Régine Pernoud|website=HAL.science|number=hal-00955672|publisher=[[HAL open science]]|location=Lausanne|date=October 2010|url=https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00955672/document|pages=121–135}}
*  {{cite encyclopedia|lang=fr|last=Clin|first=Marie-Véronique|title=Pernoud Régine (1909-1998)|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Universalis [on line]|publisher=|location=|url=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/regine-pernoud/|access-date=2023-03-09}}
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353586640|Gender studies]]&quot;</comment>
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 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Hlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Plainlist/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Sidebar/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike bụ ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ dị iche iche nke e tinyere n'ịnyocha njirimara nwoke na nwanyị na nnọchite anya nwoke na nwanyị. Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike malitere n'ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ nwanyị, gbasara ụmụ nwanyị, okike, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.[1][2] Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara Queer, ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ụmụ nwoke na ọmụmụ transgender bụ obere ngalaba ọmụmụ gbasara okike. Mmụba ya na-apụta ìhè, ọkachasị na mahadum ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ mgbe afọ 1990 gasịrị, dabara na mmụba nke mmebi iwu.[3].

Usoro mmụta ndị na-enye aka na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike gụnyere ngalaba akwụkwọ, asụsụ, ọdịdị ala mmadụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme, sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nkà mmụta ihe ochie, akụnụba, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akparamaagwa mmadụ, nkà mmụta mmadụ, sinima, egwu, ọmụmụ mgbasa ozi,[1] mmepe mmadụ, iwu, ahụike ọha, ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nkwarụ na ọgwụ.[2] Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike na-enyochakwa otu agbụrụ, agbụrụ, ebe, ọkwa mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, mba, na nkwarụ si ejikọta na ụdị okike, njirimara nwoke na nwanyị na mmekọahụ.[3][4] N'ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike, a na-ejikarị okwu ahụ bụ &quot;okike&quot; eme ihe iji zoo aka na nhazi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na omenala nke ịbụ nwoke na nwanyị, kama akụkụ ihe ndị dị ndụ nke nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị;[5] Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ndị ọkà mmụta gbasara okike niile nwere echiche a.

Okike dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ngalaba dịka ozizi akwụkwọ, ọmụmụ ihe nkiri, ozizi fim, ozizi arụmọrụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme gbasara nka nke oge a, mmụta mmadụ, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, asụsụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ọmụmụ nkwarụ, bayoloji na akparamaagwa. Usoro mmụta ndị a na-adị iche mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụzọ ha si amụ gbasara okike na ihe kpatara e ji amụ ya. Na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, a pụrụ ile okike anya dị ka mkparịta ụka ntọala nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-eji iji tinye onwe ha n'ọtụtụ isiokwu.[1] Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike bụkwa usoro mmụta n'onwe ya, na-agụnye ụzọ na ụzọ sitere na ọtụtụ ngalaba mmụta.[2]

Ọtụtụ ngalaba lere &quot;okike&quot; ​​anya dị ka omume, nke a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.[1] Ozizi Feminist nke psychoanalysis, nke Julia Kristeva na Bracha L. Ettinger kọwara,[2][3] ma Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan na ozizi mmekọrịta ihe, na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike.[4][5][6][7]

== Mmetụta ==

=== Ozizi akparamàgwà mmadụ ===
Ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị emetụtala ngalaba ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị nke ukwuu, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara echiche psychoanalytic.[1] N'ime ha bụ Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, Julia Kristeva, na Bracha L. Ettinger. Ọmụmụ banyere okike n'okpuru anya nke onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị a dị iche. N'usoro Freudian, ụmụ nwanyị &quot;na-emebi emebi ma ga-amụta ịnakwere enweghị amụ&quot; (n'okwu Freud bụ &quot;nkwarụ&quot;).[2] Otú ọ dị, Lacan na-ahazi nwanyị na ịbụ nwoke dịka usoro dị iche iche si dị. Ma ndị nwoke na nwanyị na-esonye na nhazi &quot;ụmụ nwoke&quot;, akụkụ nwanyị nke mmekọahụ bụ &quot;mgbakwunye&quot; ọ bụghị ihe megidere ma ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye.[3] Lacan na-eji echiche nke mmekọahụ (ọnọdụ mmekọahụ), nke na-egosi mmepe nke ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị na egwuregwu n'oge nwata, iji lụso echiche na njirimara nwoke na nwanyị bụ ihe ebumpụta ụwa ma ọ bụ nke sitere n'ọmụmụ ihe. Dịka Lacan si kwuo, inwe mmekọahụ n'etiti mmadụ na ibe ya nwere ihe jikọrọ ya na mmepe nke njirimara nwoke na nwanyị dịka nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị nwere njikọ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.[4]

Kristeva na-ekwu na omenala ndị nna ochie, dịka mmadụ n’onwe ya, ga-ewepụ ihe gbasara nne na ihe gbasara nwanyị ka ha nwee ike ịdị adị ma ọ bụ guzobe.[1] Bracha L. Ettinger gbanwere[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] n'ihe gbasara uche mmadụ nke oge a kemgbe mmalite afọ 1990 site na Matriksial[9] nwanyị-nne na tupu nne Eros[10] nke ijikọ ókèala (bordureliance), ohere n'okpuru ala (bordurespacement) na ahụmịhe mmekọrịta. Ọdịiche nwanyị matrixial na-akọwa anya pụrụ iche[11] ọ bụkwa isi iyi maka trans-subjectivity na transjectivity[12] n'ime ma ụmụ nwoke ma ụmụ nwanyị. Ettinger na-atụgharị uche n'ihe gbasara mmadụ dịka njikọ ochie na nne si dị ma na-atụ aro echiche nke Demeter-Persephone Complexity.[13]

==== Ozizi uche nke ụmụ nwanyị ====
Ndị ọkà mmụta banyere ụmụ nwanyị dịka Juliet Mitchell, Nancy Chodorow, Jessica Benjamin, Jane Gallop, Bracha L. Ettinger, Shoshana Felman, Griselda Pollock,[1] Luce Irigaray na Jane Flax emepụtala nyocha uche nke ụmụ nwanyị ma kwuo na ozizi uche dị oke mkpa maka ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị, dịka omenala echiche ndị ọzọ, ụmụ nwanyị ga-akatọ ya ma gbanwee ya ka ọ nwere onwe ya pụọ ​​na ihe ndị metụtara mmekọahụ (ya bụ, a na-enyocha ya). Shulamith Firestone, na The Dialectic of Sex, kpọrọ Freudianism echiche efu nke ụmụ nwanyị ma na-atụle otu Freudianism si bụrụ eziokwu kpamkpam, ewezuga otu nkọwa dị mkpa: ebe ọ bụla Freud dere &quot;amụ&quot;, a ga-eji &quot;ike&quot; dochie okwu ahụ.

Ndị nkatọ dịka Elizabeth Grosz na-ebo Jacques Lacan ebubo na ọ na-ejigide omenala ndị na-anaghị amasị nwoke na nwanyị n'ihe gbasara uche.[1] Ndị ọzọ, dịka Judith Butler, Bracha L. Ettinger na Jane Gallop, ejirila ọrụ Lacanian, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ n'ụzọ dị oke mkpa, mepụta ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị.[2][3][4] Dịka J. B. Marchand si kwuo, &quot;Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị na ozizi ndị na-anaghị amasị nwoke na nwanyị na-ala azụ, ha anaghị achọ ịhụ ụzọ psychoanalytic si eme ihe.&quot;[5] Maka Jean-Claude Guillebaud, ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị (na ndị na-akwado ndị na-anaghị agbaso iwu gbasara mmekọahụ) &quot;gbachiri&quot; ma na-ewere psychoanalysts na psychoanalysts dị ka &quot;ndị nchụàjà ọhụrụ, ndị na-agbachitere nkịtị nke okike, omume ọma, omume ọma ma ọ bụ ọbụna ihe na-adịghị mma&quot;.[6]

Nchegbu Judith Butler nwere bụ echiche psychoanalytic nke na-ewere nwoke na dịka ihe &quot;a na- ịgọnarị ,&quot; ma na-ahụ ihuenyo gosiri na nke ahụ ihe mkpa ma ọ bụ ihe doro anya&quot; [1] Dị ka Daniel Beaune na Caterina Rea si, kwuo nwoke na &quot;na-akatọ nkịtị psychoanalysis siri mee ka nke na nna na nna na oge na nna na nna na-eme ihe doro anya&quot;.[2]

=== Ozizi akwụkwọ ===
Echiche ụmụ nwanyị nke ndị French nke gbasara uche lekwasịrị anya na echiche anya na akwụkwọ kemgbe. Ihe nketa Virginia Woolf yana &quot;Oku Adrienne Rich maka mgbanwe ụmụ nwanyị na ederede akwụkwọ, na akụkọ ihe mere eme, emeela ka ọgbọ nke ndị edemede nwanyị zaghachi site na ederede nke ha&quot;.[1] Griselda Pollock na ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị edeela akụkọ ifo na uri[2] na akwụkwọ,[2][3][4] site n'echiche nke okike.

=== Ọchịchị mgbe ọchịchị gasịrị na Ọchịchị Ndị Dị n'Okpukpe ===
Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ọdịda anyanwụ bụ ọmụmụ ihe gbasara mgbanwe n'etiti ngalaba dị iche iche nke na-enyocha mmetụta na-adịgide adịgide nke ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị na usoro ndị na-emepụta ma na-edozi usoro ihe ọmụma, ike, na usoro nhazi.[1] Aníbal Quijano na-ewere agbụrụ na okike dị k a akụkụ abụọ nke 'ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị'.[2] Marìa Lugones kpọrọ usoro nke imeri ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị na okike dị ka 'ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị na-adịghị mma', nke kwuru maka ọrụ dị mkpa nke okike na agbụrụ na-arụ n'ịkwado usoro ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị.[3] Dabere na ntọala a, McShane na-arụ ụka na ntọala nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike, arụmọrụ okike na ọrụ njikọ aka bụ usoro ọchịchị ndị na-ama aka na usoro ọchịchị ndị na-eme ka eurocentric na imperialism dị n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ọdịda anyanwụ.[4]

Chandra Talpadea Mohanty, ọkà mmụta gbasara ikike ụmụ nwanyị nke mba ọzọ, bipụtara akwụkwọ Under Western Eyes - Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses na 1984, nke ọ katọrọ onyinyo otu na nke e metọrọ nke &quot;Third World Woman&quot;, na ahụmịhe ndị ahụ dị iche iche nke ukwuu ebe e nyere akụkọ ihe mere eme, omenala na nke onye ọ bụla [1]. Nke a dabere na mmekọrịta ike dị n'etiti ahụmịhe dị iche iche dị ndụ na mkpa ọ dị iwulite akụkọ dị iche iche.

=== Mmetụta mgbe oge a gasịrị ===
Mmalite nke echiche post-modernism metụtara ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike,[1] na-eme ka echiche njirimara pụọ ​​na echiche nke njirimara okike edobere ma ọ bụ nke dị mkpa, gaa na njirimara post-modern[2] fluid[3] ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ njirimara.[4] Mmetụta nke post-structuralism, na akụkụ ozizi akwụkwọ ya post-modernism, na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike pụtara ìhè nke ukwuu n'ihe ịma aka ya nke akụkọ ndị dị ukwuu. Post-structuralism meghere ụzọ maka mpụta nke ozizi queer na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike, nke mere ka ubi ahụ gbasaa echiche ya na mmekọahụ.[5]

Na mgbakwunye na mmụba iji tinye ọmụmụ ihe gbasara mmekọahụ, n'okpuru mmetụta nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike mgbe oge a gasịrị, atụgharịwokwa anya ya gaa na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke, n'ihi ọrụ nke ndị ọkà mmụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndị ọkà mmụta echiche dịka R. W. Connell, Michael Kimmel, na E. Anthony Rotundo.[1][2] Mgbanwe na mmụba ndị a edugawo n'esemokwu ụfọdụ n'ime ubi ahụ, dịka nke dị n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndị ọkà mmụta echiche nwoke na nwanyị.[3] Ahịrị dị n'etiti ogige abụọ a dị na nsogbu ahụ ka ndị ọkà mmụta echiche nwanyị na-ahụ ya ka ndị ọkà mmụta echiche nwanyị na-arụ ụka na ihe niile kewara ekewa na ọ bụghị naanị na enweghị akụkọ ukwu kamakwa enweghị usoro ma ọ bụ ụdị. Ndị ọkà mmụta echiche nwanyị na-arụ ụka na nke a na-ehichapụ ụdị okike kpamkpam mana ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla iji megide ike ike nke okike na-emegharị. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, eziokwu ahụ bụ na e wuru okike n'ọha mmadụ anaghị emebi eziokwu ahụ bụ na enwere usoro mmegbu n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na nwanyị.

== Mmepe nke ozizi ==

=== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ===
Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị na-eleba anya n'echiche dị iche iche nke okike. Usoro a na-enyocha ụzọ ndị ihe omume akụkọ ihe mere eme, omenala, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya si ekpebi ọrụ okike na obodo dị iche iche. Ọgbakọ ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị, ebe ọ na-elekwasị anya na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, na-elekwa anya na ọdịiche mmekọahụ na obere nkọwa abụọ nke nhazi okike.[1]

=== Ụlọ Akwụkwọ ===

==== Mmalite ====
''Ụlọ ọrụ maka Sayensị Mmekọahụ'' (Institut für Sexualwissenschaft) bụ ụlọ ọrụ German nke dịbu n'ọchịchị ndị Nazi na Germany. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị na nyocha malitere ọrụ site na 1919 ruo 1933. E meriri ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ihi mwakpo abụọ nke butere mfu nke ihe dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ 12,000-20,000, ebe ndị ọzọ na-egosi ọnụọgụgụ buru ibu, na-agụnyeghị ihe mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ.[1][2][1]

==== Mgbe nhazi gasịrị - Ọgbara ọhụrụ ====
Mgbe mgbanwe ntuli aka zuru ụwa ọnụ nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ gasịrị, ngagharị nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 1960 na 1970 kwalitere mgbanwe site n'aka ndị otu feminist iji &quot;jụa ajụjụ&quot; ụdị akụkọ ihe mere eme a na-ahụkarị na nke a nabatara dịka a maara ya n'oge ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta feminist ịjụ ajụjụ banyere echiche mbụ gbasara àgwà ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke, ịtụ ha n'ezie, na ịkọ akụkọ ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke.[1] Na mbụ, mmemme ndị a bụ isi ihe gbasara feminist, nke e mere iji mata onyinye ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke mere. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ụmụ nwoke malitere ile nwoke anya n'otu ụzọ ahụ ụmụ nwanyị si ele nwanyị anya, ma mepụta mpaghara ọmụmụ a na-akpọ &quot;ọmụmụ ụmụ nwoke&quot;.[2] San Diego State College (nke bụzi San Diego State University) hiwere mmemme ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na 1970[3]. Ọ bụghị ruo na ngwụcha afọ 1980 na 1990 ka ndị ọkà mmụta ghọtara mkpa ọ dị ịmụ ihe n'ọhịa nke mmekọahụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi mmụba mmasị na ikike ụmụ nwanyị na-edina nwoke na nwanyị, ndị ọkà mmụta chọpụtakwara na ọtụtụ mmadụ ga-ejikọta mmekọahụ na okike ọnụ, kama ịbụ otu dị iche iche.[2][4]

==== Oge a ====
Ọ bụ ezie na mmemme doctorate maka ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị adịla kemgbe afọ 1990, a kwadoro mmemme doctorate mbụ maka PhD nwere ike ịbụ na ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị na United States na Nọvemba 2005.[1] Na 2015, Mahadum Kabul ghọrọ mahadum mbụ na Afghanistan nyere usoro mmụta master's degree na ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị.[2] Mgbe ndị Taliban weghaara isi obodo Afghanistan, mahadum ahụ dara n'okpuru njikwa ha ma machibido ụmụ nwanyị ịga.[3]

=== Ozizi ===

==== Arụmọrụ okike ====
Ọkà ihe ọmụma na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike, ọrụ Judith Butler, Gender Trouble, tụlere arụmọrụ nwoke na nwanyị. N'okwu Butler, arụmọrụ nke okike, mmekọahụ, na mmekọahụ bụ maka ike n'ime ọha mmadụ.[1][2] Ha na-achọpụta na e wuru &quot;isiokwu nwoke na nwanyị, nwoke na nwanyị, nke chọrọ&quot; na &quot;okwu iwu&quot;. Akụkụ nke arụmụka Butler metụtara ọrụ mmekọahụ na iwulite &quot;okike&quot; ma ọ bụ okike na mmekọahụ.[3] N'aka ha, okike na nwoke na nwanyị na-ewulite dị ka ihe ebumpụta ụwa n'ihi na a na-ahụ mmegide nke nwoke na nwanyị na nwoke na nwanyị dị ka ihe ebumpụta ụwa n'echiche mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.[4] &quot;Nkwenye nke Ndị Nwoke na Nwanyị Banyere Okike na Mmekọahụ&quot; bụ akụkọ nke ndị edemede Emily Kane na Mimi Schippers dere [wd], nke lekwasịrị anya nke ọma na nhazi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke mmegide mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị. N'otu aka ahụ na arụmụka Butler, isiokwu a na-arụkwa ụka na e wuru okike dị ka &quot;ihe ebumpụta ụwa&quot; n'ime ọha mmadụ anyị ebe n'eziokwu ọ nwere akụkụ dị iche iche. Site n'ịkọwapụta ọdịiche dị iche n'etiti akụkụ okike nke ma ụmụ nwoke ma ụmụ nwanyị, isiokwu a na-ekpughe isi iyi nke mmegide nke Butler kwuru, na-arụ ụka na &quot;ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọtụtụ mmasị dabere na ọnọdụ onwe onye na ebe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-abụghị nwoke na nwanyị, mana mmasị nwoke na nwanyị nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na-adịkarị iche.&quot;[5]

==== [[Intersectionality|Njikọta]] ====
Njikọta, nke Kimberlé Crenshaw webatara na mbụ na 1989, na-akọwa otu àgwà mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dịka agbụrụ, okike, klaasị na mmekọahụ si ejikọta ọnụ iji mepụta mmetụta dị mgbagwoju anya na ahụmịhe nke onye ọ bụla banyere nha anya.[1] Crenshaw na-arụ ụka na ndị ọkà mmụta feminist a ma ama n'oge ahụ enweghị ike ịkọwa ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ojii nke ọma, nke na-enweghị ike ịkọwa ahụmịhe nke ụmụ nwanyị agba ojii n'okpuru ịkpa ókè na mmegbu. Mgbe e mesịrị, Patricia Collins kwuru na agbụrụ, klaasị na okike abụghị ihe mgbakwunye kama ọ bụ usoro ike nke jikọtara ọnụ nke na-akpụzi inweta ihe ọmụma na ahụmịhe ndụ nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii.[2] Njikọta abụrụla usoro ntọala n'ime ọmụmụ ihe okike.

=== Ala ndị dị n'okpuru ala ===

==== Ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ nwanyị ====
Ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ nwanyị bụ ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ dị iche iche nke raara nye isiokwu gbasara ụmụ nwanyị, ikike ụmụ nwanyị, okike, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ na-agụnyekarị ozizi ụmụ nwanyị, akụkọ ihe mere eme ụmụ nwanyị (dịka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ntuli aka ụmụ nwanyị) na akụkọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akụkọ ifo ụmụ nwanyị, ahụike ụmụ nwanyị, nyocha uche nwanyị na omume nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na okike nke ọtụtụ sayensị mmadụ na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya metụtara.

==== Ọmụmụ Ndị Queer ====
Ọmụmụ Queer bụ ngalaba dị iche iche na-enyocha otu esi ahazi, jikwaa ma nweta ahụmịhe n'ọdịbendị dị iche iche, akụkọ ihe mere eme na oge. Judith Butler webatara echiche nke arụmọrụ na 1990, nke bụ echiche ntọala na ọmụmụ queer, na-arụ ụka na okike, ọbụna mmekọahụ,[1] sitere na imeghachi arụmọrụ nke ụkpụrụ.[2]

Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick buru ụzọ kọwaa &quot;queer&quot; dị ka &quot;mmekọrịta mepere emepe nke ohere, oghere, ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe ghara ịdị mma, ọdịiche na ụda olu, ihe ndị na-adịghị mma na ihe ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè&quot; na 1993.[1] O kwuru na ọnụọgụ abụọ nke homo na heterosexual dị oke mkpa na mmepụta ihe ọmụma na narị afọ nke 20 nke na-emetụta otu esi hazie ma kpụọ omenala.[2]

==== Ọmụmụ Banyere Nwoke na Nwanyị ====
Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị, ma ọ bụ ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị, bụ ngalaba dị iche iche na-elekwasị anya na njirimara nwoke na nwanyị, ngosipụta okike na ngosipụta okike nke transgender na ndị ọzọ na-anaghị ekwekọ na okike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị njirimara, nhazi ike na njikọ.[1] Na Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme Banyere Nwoke na Nwanyị (2008) nke Susan Stryker dere, o nyere nkọwa zuru oke nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke trans na ngagharị iwe na United States of America site na narị afọ nke 19 ruo mmalite narị afọ nke 21.[2] Na Njiko Ụmụ Nwanyị, Jack Halberstam rụrụ ụka na ịbụ nwoke abụghị naanị maka ahụ nwoke, ebe o lere anya na ngosipụta nke ịbụ nwoke maka ndị butch, transgender na ndị na-anaghị ekwekọ na nwoke.[3] Mgbe e mesịrị, Halberstam tụrụ aro echiche nke oge queer nke na ndị queer na ndị trans na-enweta ụzọ ọzọ isi biri n'oge na-abụghị omenala, a pụkwara ilele ịjụ dị otú ahụ anya dị ka ihe mkpali maka ọdịnihu queer.[4][5][6]

N'akwụkwọ Normal Life (2015), Dean Spade jụrụ ajụjụ dị mkpa gbasara etu usoro iwu siri kwado ikike trans. O kwuru na e tinyere okwu trans n'ọrụ n'ụzọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ngwa ngwa, na nnabata iwu emeghị ka ndị trans nwee uru.[1]

==== Ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ nwoke ====
Ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ nwoke bụ ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ dị iche iche nke raara nye isiokwu gbasara ụmụ nwoke, okike, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ na-agụnyekarị ozizi ụmụ nwanyị, akụkọ ihe mere eme ụmụ nwoke na akụkọ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akụkọ ifo ụmụ nwoke, ahụike ụmụ nwoke, nyocha uche ụmụ nwanyị na omume metụtara ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na okike nke ọtụtụ n'ime sayensị mmadụ na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Timothy Laurie na Anna Hickey-Moody na-atụ aro na 'enweela ihe egwu dị na nhazi nke &quot;ọmụmụ nwoke&quot; dị ka obodo nwere oghere ọkara', ma mara na 'otu mmeri ma e jiri ya tụnyere nkà ihe ọmụma ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ọtụtụ nnyocha gbasara ụmụ nwoke'.[1]

N'ime ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ụmụ nwoke, ọ dị mkpa ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti usoro a na-akpọkarị Nnyocha Dị Mkpa n'Ụmụ Nwoke. E mepụtara usoro a nke ukwuu na mba ndị na-asụ Bekee site na mmalite afọ 1980 - karịsịa na United Kingdom - nke lekwasịrị anya n'ọrụ Jeff Hearn, David Morgan na ndị ọrụ ibe ya.[1] Mmetụta nke usoro a agbasaala n'ụwa niile kemgbe ahụ. Ọ bụ ya sitere n'ọtụtụ echiche ndị inyom (gụnyere ndị otu socialist na ndị siri ike) ma na-emesi ike mkpa ọ dị nyocha na omume iji maa aka nke ọma n'ihe gbasara mmekọahụ nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwoke.[1] Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-enyocha ọtụtụ omume ụmụ nwoke, ọ na-elekwasị anya karịsịa n'okwu ndị metụtara mmekọahụ na/ma ọ bụ ime ihe ike nke ụmụ nwoke.[2] Ọ bụ ezie na ọ gbadoro ụkwụ na socialist, kemgbe ahụ ọ na-etinye aka na ọtụtụ ngalaba ndị ọzọ gụnyere amụma mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ọmụmụ omenala, ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị, agụmakwụkwọ na iwu.[3] N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nnyocha Critical Studies on Men ejirila echiche tụnyere na/ma ọ bụ nke mba ọzọ mee ihe kpọmkwem.[4][5][6] Dịka Ọmụmụ Ụmụ Nwoke na Ọmụmụ Nwoke n'ozuzu ya, a katọọla Ọmụmụ Ihe Dị Mkpa Banyere Ụmụ Nwoke maka enweghị ike ilekwasị anya nke ọma n'okwu mmekọrịta ụmụ nwoke na ụmụaka dị ka ebe dị mkpa maka mmepe nke nhazi nwoke na ụmụ nwoke - mmekọrịta ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na mmekọrịta ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwoke ndị ọzọ bụ ebe abụọ a na-enyocha nke ọma site na ntụnyere.[7]

=== Mmekọahụ na Eshia na Polynesia ===
Ụfọdụ okwu metụtara okike na Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia na Mpaghara Pasifik dị mgbagwoju anya karịa ma dabere na ebe na ọnọdụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na China, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines na Indonesia, mkpa dị ukwuu nke ihe na-akọwa nwanyị sitere na ndị ọrụ. Na mba ndị a, &quot;ihe ịma aka metụtara okike na-abụkarị metụtara ike akụ na ụba, ọrụ, na okwu ebe ọrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ metụtara ndị ọrụ ngalaba na-abụghị nkeonwe, mmetọ nke njem mbata ụmụ nwanyị, ọnọdụ ebe ọrụ, na nchekwa mmekọrịta ọha na eze ogologo oge&quot;.[1] Agbanyeghị, na mba ndị na-adịghị akwụsi ike na akụ na ụba, dịka Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste, Laos, Cambodia, na ụfọdụ ógbè dị n'ebe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ karị, &quot;ụmụ nwanyị na-ebukarị ihe kpatara esemokwu mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ezinụlọ na ọdachi ndị sitere n'okike&quot;.[1]

Ebe dịka India na Polynesia achọpụtala ụdị ndị nwoke na nwanyị nke atọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-ewerekarị ndị hijra/kinnar/kinner nke India dị ka ndị nwoke na nwanyị nke atọ. A na-ewerekarị Hijra dị ka okwu mkparị, yabụ a na-ejikarị okwu ahụ bụ kinnar &amp; kinner eme ihe maka ndị a. N'ebe dịka India na Pakistan, ndị a na-eche oke ọnụọgụ nke nje HIV, ịda mbà n'obi, na enweghị ebe obibi ihu.[1] Asụsụ Polynesia kwekọkwara na echiche nke nwoke na nwanyị nke atọ ma ọ bụ nke na-abụghị binary. Okwu Samoa bụ fa'afafine, nke pụtara &quot;n'ụzọ nwanyị&quot;, na-ezo aka na ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị nke atọ/nke na-abụghị binary na ọha mmadụ. A na-egosipụta mmekọahụ ndị a n'ọtụtụ ụdị, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ akwụkwọ egosila na ndị mmadụ fa'afafine anaghị enwe mmekọahụ na ibe ha.[2]

Otu okwu na-adịgide adịgide n'ógbè niile n'ọkwa mmepe dị iche iche bụ na ụmụ nwanyị enweghị olu dị mma ma a bịa n'ime mkpebi. Otu n'ime ihe kpatara nke a bụ &quot;usoro na-eto eto nke ịgbasa ọchịchị [nke] ebudala ime mkpebi ruo n'ọkwa ebe olu ụmụ nwanyị na-adịkarị ala karịa, ebe ọbụna mmegharị ọha mmadụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, nke bụ onye na-akwadosi ike n'ọkwa mba, na-agbasi mbọ ike ịhazi ma nụ olu ha&quot;.[1]

Ụzọ East Asia Pacific si enyere aka mee ka okwu ndị a gbasara okike dabere na usoro atọ.[1] Ogidi nke mbụ na-arụkọ ọrụ na mba ndị nwere ego etiti na mba ndị na-emepe emepe iji kwado ma kesaa uru na uto na ọganihu. Ogidi nke abụọ na-akwado ntọala mmepe maka udo, mmụba uto na mbelata ịda ogbenye na mpaghara ndị kacha daa ogbenye na ndị kacha sie ike. Ogidi ikpeazụ na-enye usoro maka njikwa ihe ọmụma, mgbanwe na mgbasa ozi na mmepe nzaghachi nwoke na nwanyị n'ime mpaghara ahụ ịmalite. Emebela mmemme ndị a, ma nwee ihe ịga nke ọma na Vietnam, Thailand, China, yana Philippines, a na-amalitekwa ime mgbalị na Laos, Papua New Guinea, na Timor-Leste. Ogidi ndị a na-ekwu maka mkpa ọ dị igosi ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike.[2]

== Nkatọ ==
Ọkà mmụta akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye ọkà mmụta echiche bụ́ Bryan Palmer na-arụ ụka na ndabere nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike na usoro nhazi mgbe e mesịrị - ya na mgbanwe ya na mkparịta ụka na izere usoro mmegbu na mgba nke iguzogide - na-ezochi mmalite, ihe ọ pụtara, na ihe ga-esi na ya pụta n'ihe ndị mere eme na usoro ndị mere eme pụta, ọ na-achọkwa ịgbagha usoro dị ugbu a na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike site n'iji arụmụka maka mkpa ọ dị inyocha ahụmịhe ndị dị ndụ na usoro nke ịnọ n'okpuru na ike.[1] Ọkà mmụta uche bụ́ Debra W. Soh na-ekwu na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike bụ ihe mejupụtara agụmakwụkwọ na-enyo enyo, na ọ bụ echiche na-abụghị nke sayensị, nakwa na ọ na-akpata ọgba aghara na-enweghị isi na ndụ ụmụaka.[2]

Ọkà ihe ọmụma banyere ụmụ nwanyị bụ Rosi Braidotti akatọla ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị dị ka &quot;iweghara ihe omume nwanyị site na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ịbụ nwoke, nke na-ebute mbufe ego site n'ọkwa ndị nkuzi nwanyị gaa n'ụdị ọkwa ndị ọzọ. E nweela ikpe... nke ọkwa ndị a na-akpọsa dị ka 'ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị' na-enye 'ụmụ nwoke mara mma'. Ụfọdụ n'ime nnabata asọmpi metụtara ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị. Ihe dị mkpa pụrụ iche na mkparịta ụka a bụ ọrụ nke onye mbipụta akwụkwọ bụ Routledge, onye, ​​n'uche anyị, bụ onye na-ahụ maka ịkwalite okike dị ka ụzọ isi wepụ echiche nwanyị na-akpali akpali, ire ahịa nwoke na njirimara nwoke na nwoke na nwoke na nwanyị kama.&quot;[1] Calvin Thomas zara nke ahụ, &quot;dịka Joseph Allen Boone si kwuo, 'ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ nwoke nọ na agụmakwụkwọ bụ ndị 'ndị enyi' kachasị akwado ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị nwoke na nwanyị,'&quot; nakwa na ọ bụ &quot;ihe na-adịghị mma&quot; ileghara ụzọ ndị mbipụta akwụkwọ bụ isi dịka Routledge si kwalite echiche nwanyị na nwanyị.[2]

Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike nwoke na nwanyị, ọkachasị ọmụmụ queer gbasara nwoke na nwanyị, ka ndị bishọp na ndị kadịnal nke Chọọchị Katọlik katọrọ dị ka mwakpo megide bayoloji mmadụ.[1][2] Pope Francis ekwuola na izi ihe gbasara njirimara nwoke na nwanyị n'ụlọ akwụkwọ bụ &quot;ịchịkwa echiche&quot; nke na-eyi ezinụlọ ọdịnala egwu na mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị na-amị mkpụrụ.[3] France bụ otu n'ime mba mbụ ebe nkwupụta a gbasaara mgbe mmegharị Katọlik mere ngagharị iwe n'okporo ámá nke Paris megide iwu gbasara alụmdi na nwunye nwoke na nwanyị na nkuchi.[4] Ọkà mmụta iwu na okike Bruno Perreau na-arụ ụka na egwu a nwere mgbọrọgwụ akụkọ ihe mere eme miri emi, na ịjụ ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị na ozizi ndị na-abụghị nwoke na nwanyị na-egosipụta nchegbu gbasara njirimara mba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị pere mpe.[5] Jayson Harsin na-arụ ụka na mmegharị French anti-'echiche okike' na-egosipụta àgwà nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị populist ụwa zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ndị na-akwado ọchịchị populist mgbe eziokwu gasịrị.[6]

A machibidoro ịkụzi ụfọdụ akụkụ nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze na New South Wales mgbe nyochachara onwe ya banyere otu steeti si akụzi agụmakwụkwọ mmekọahụ na ahụike yana ihe esemokwu dị na ihe nkuzi.[1]

=== Àgwà gọọmentị ===
[[Faịlụ:Pikieta_modlitewna_przeciwników_ideologii_geneder_na_placu_Zbawiciela_01.JPG|thumb|Ịgba mgba megide &quot;Echiche nwoke na nwanyị&quot; na Warsaw, 2014]]
Na Etiti na Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Europe, ngagharị iwe megide nwoke na nwanyị na-arị elu, ọkachasị na Hungary, Poland, na Russia.[1][2]

==== Rọshịa ====
Na Rọshịa, a na-anabata ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị ugbu a; agbanyeghị, omume ndị gọọmentị na-akwado na-agbaso echiche okike ọdịnala nke ndị nọ n'ọchịchị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iwu metụtara ikpe ikpe na ikpe ime ihe ike n'ezinụlọ dị oke obere na 2017.[1] Kemgbe 2010, gọọmentị Rọshịa anọwokwa na-edu mkpọsa na UNHRC iji mata &quot;ụkpụrụ ọdịnala&quot; Rọshịa dị ka ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na nchekwa na nkwalite ikike mmadụ.[2]

==== Hungary ====
A machibidoro mmemme ọmụmụ ihe gbasara nwoke na nwanyị na Hungary na Ọktoba 2018. N'okwu nke ọfịs Prime Minista Hungary Viktor Orbán wepụtara, onye na-ekwuchitere ya kwuru na &quot;Echiche gọọmentị bụ na a mụrụ mmadụ ma nwoke ma nwanyị, anyị anaghịkwa ewere ya dị ka ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ka anyị kwuo maka okike e wuru n'ọha mmadụ kama ịbụ nwoke na nwanyị.&quot; Mmachibido iwu a adọtala nkatọ site n'aka ọtụtụ mahadum Europe ndị na-enye mmemme ahụ, gụnyere Mahadum Central European nke dị na Budapest, nke gọọmentị kagburu akwụkwọ ikike ya, a na-ahụkwa ya nke ọma dị ka akụkụ nke ngagharị nke pati na-achị Hungary pụọ na ụkpụrụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya.[1]

==== China ====
Gọọmentị Ndị Etiti na-akwado ọmụmụ gbasara okike na mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke okike n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na omume ndị na-eduga na nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị. Na-ehota nkà ihe ọmụma Mao Zedong, &quot;Ụmụ nwanyị na-ejide ọkara eluigwe&quot;, a pụrụ ịhụ nke a dị ka ịga n'ihu nke nha nhata nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị ewebatara dị ka akụkụ nke Mgbanwe Omenala.[1]

==== Romania ====
Ndị Sineti Romania kwadoro site n'ọtụtụ mmadụ na June 2020 mmelite nke Iwu Mmụta Mba nke ga-amachibido echiche na echiche gbasara njirimara nwoke na nwanyị nke okike bụ echiche dị iche na mmekọahụ bayọlọji.[1][2] Na Disemba 2020, Ụlọikpe Iwu nke Romania kagburu mmachibido iwu ahụ; na mbụ, Onyeisiala Klaus Iohannis agbaghaala iwu ahụ.[3]

==== United States ====
Ugbua mba Amerịka na-enye ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ohere inye ọmụmụ ihe gbasara okike na mmekọahụ, ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị, ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị, ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị na-efe efe na ọmụmụ LGBT. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị na-enye ọmụmụ ihe ndị a gụnyere Harvard,[1] Stanford,[2] USC,[3] UCLA,[4] Mahadum Lehigh,[5] na Lafayette College.[6]

Donald Trump nyere Iwu Nchịkwa 14168 n'oge ọchịchị nke abụọ ya, nke kpọrọ oku ka, tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, &quot;kwụsị [nkwado] ego gọọmentị etiti na-enye maka echiche nwoke na nwanyị.&quot;[1]

== Hụkwa ==
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== Ntụaka ==
{{Reflist|30em}}{{Gender studies|state=expanded}}

== Ndekọ Akwụkwọ ==

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://genderportal.eu GenPORT: Ọnụ ụzọ gị maka akụrụngwa okike na sayensị]
* [https://xyonline.net xy: ụmụ nwoke, ụmụ nwoke na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwoke na nwanyị]
{{Feminism}}{{Masculinism|state=expanded}}{{LGBT|state=collapsed|selected=academy}}{{Social sciences}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gender Studies}}
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  <page>
    <title>Marceline Loridan-Ivens</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332451311|Marceline Loridan-Ivens]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Marceline Loridan-Ivens''' (née '''Rozenberg'''; 19 Maachị 1928 – 18 Septemba 2018) bụ onye edemede na onye nduzi ihe nkiri nke France. Ihe ncheta ya bụ ''But You Did Not Come Back'' (Et tu n'es pas revenu) kọwara oge ọ nọrọ na Auschwitz-Birkenau. Ọ lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Dutch bụ Joris Ivens.

== Ndụ mbido ==
A mụrụ Marceline Rozenberg na 19 Maachị 1928[1] site n'aka ndị nne na nna ya bụ ndị Juu si Poland kwaga France na 1919.[2]

Ná mmalite Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ezinụlọ ya biri na Vaucluse,[1] ebe ọ sonyeere ndị agha France. Ndị Gestapo[1][2] jidere ya na nna ya, Szlama, ma chụga ha Convoy 71 na Auschwitz-Birkenau na 13 Eprel 1944,[1] ya na Simone Veil[3][4] na Anne-Lise Stern, emesịa gaa Bergen-Belsen, ma mesịa gaa Theresienstadt. Ndị agha Red Army tọhapụrụ ogige ahụ na 10 Mee 1945.[5]

O zutere ndị mmadụ dịka Henri Lefebvre na Edgar Morin,[1] rụrụ ọrụ n'ọrụ nyochagharị nke otu ụlọ ọrụ ntuli aka, ọ bụ onye na-ebu akpa maka Algerian National Liberation Front, ma na-agakarị Saint-Germain-des-Prés.[2]

== Ọrụ ==
N'afọ 1961, Edgar Morin tinyere ya na ihe nkiri ''Chronique d'un été'', si otú a mee ihe nkiri mbụ ya. N'afọ 1963, ọ zutere ma lụọ onye nduzi ihe nkiri bụ Joris Ivens. O nyeere ya aka n'ọrụ ya ma soro duzie ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ya, gụnyere 17th Parallel: Vietnam in War (1968). Ha gakwuuru Vietnam, ebe ha zutere Ho Chi Minh.

Site na 1972 ruo 1976, n'oge mgbanwe ọdịnala, Joris Ivens na Marceline Loridan rụrụ ọrụ na China ma duzie How Yukong Moved the Mountains, usoro ihe nkiri iri na abụọ nke Jiang Qing katọrọ, ha hapụrụ China ngwa ngwa.

Aha ihe nkiri ya nke afọ 2003 ''La petite prairie aux bouleaux (The little prairie of birches'') bụ ntụgharị nkịtị nke &quot;Birkenau&quot;.

== Ihe omume ndị ọzọ ==
Loridan-Ivens nyere nkuzi na akaebe na kọleji na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị banyere Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ.

Akwụkwọ ncheta Loridan-Ivens ''But You Did Not Come Back (Et tu n'es pas revenu''; bipụtara 2015), nke ya na [[Judith Perrignon]] dere, kọwapụtara oge ya na Auschwitz-Birkenau.

== Ndụ nkeonwe ==
O buru ụzọ lụọ Francis Loridan, onye injinia. Afọ ole ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ha gbara alụkwaghịm, mana e kwere ya ka ọ nogide jiri aha di ya.[1]

O mechara lụọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Dutch bụ Joris Ivens .  Ha enweghị ụmụ, Ivens nwụrụ na 28 June 1989. &lt;ref name=&quot;b359&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Joris Ivens, 90, Dutch Documentary Film Maker|work=The New York Times|date=30 June 1989|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/30/obituaries/joris-ivens-90-dutch-documentary-film-maker.html|accessdate=21 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọnwụ na ihe nketa ==
Loriden-Ivens nwụrụ na 18 Septemba 2018. 

Dịka ọ dị na 2025, a na-enye ihe nkiri Prix du nke a kpọrọ Loridan-Ivens (Ihe Nrite Mbụ Loridan-Ivens) kwa afọ na emume ihe nkiri Cinéma du Réel. Loridan-Ivens malitere ihe nrite Loridan-Ivens iji kwado ndị na-eme fim na-apụta &quot;na-ele anya nke ọma n'ọnọdụ ụwa&quot;. A na-enye ya iji sọpụrụ di ya bụ Joris Ivens, onye bụ onye kwadoro Cinéma du Réel.[1][2] A maara ihe nrite a na mbụ dị ka ihe nrite Joris Ivens maka onye na-eme fim na-eto eto, ma ọ bụ naanị ihe nrite Joris Ivens.[3]

== Onyinye ==

* 1977: César Award maka Best Documentary Short Film maka Une histoire de ballon, lycée n° 31 Pékin&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cérémonie des César 1977|work=Académie des César|date=23 February 1977|url=https://www.academie-cinema.org/evenements/ceremonie-des-cesar-1977/|language=fr|accessdate=21 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2015: Lilac Academy Award [aha a chọrọ] 
* 2015: Prix Jean-Jacques-Rousseau , ihe nrite edemede, maka Et tu n'es pas revenu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Le prix Jean-Jacques Rousseau délocalisé à cause d'un désaccord|work=[[Le Parisien]]|date=16 May 2015|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/val-d-oise-95/le-prix-jean-jacques-rousseau-delocalise-a-cause-d-un-desaccord-16-05-2015-4774985.php|language=fr|accessdate=21 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2016: National Jewish Book Award maka But You Did Not Come Back: A Memoir &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.librarything.com/bookaward/National+Jewish+Book+Award|title=National Jewish Book Award|work=[[LibraryThing]]|accessdate=18 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==

* ''17th parallel: Agha nke ndị mmadụ: ọnwa abụọ n'okpuru ala '', na Joris Ivens, Paris, ndị na-ebipụta akwụkwọ French gbakọtara, 1969 (44 ihe osise) 
* My life balagan, nke ya na onye nta akụkọ Élisabeth D. Inandiak, Robert Laffont dere, 2008   
* Et tu n'es pas revenu, nke ya na [[Judith Perrignon]] dere, Grasset, 2015   
* L'amour après, akụkọ e dere na Judith Perrignon, Grasset, 2018, 162pp.

== Ihe nkiri ndị a họọrọ ==

=== Dị ka onye nduzi ===

* 1962: Algérie, année zéro - Ihe omuma nke ya na [[Jean-Pierre Sergent]] duziri
* 1968: 17th Parallel: Vietnam in War - Ihe omuma nke ya na Joris Ivens duziri
* 1976: How Yukong Moved the Mountains - Usoro ihe omume nke ya na Joris Ivens duziri
* 1976: Une histoire de ballon, lycée n° 31 Pékin - Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi (19 min) nke ya na Joris Ivens duziri
* 1977: Les Kazaks - Ihe omuma nke ya na Joris Ivens duziri
* 1977: Les Ouigours - Ihe omuma nke ya na Joris Ivens duziri
* 1988: A Tale of the Wind - Akụkọ ifo nke ya na Joris Ivens duziri
* 2003: ''[[La petite prairie aux bouleaux|Obere ala ahịhịa]]'' na osisi birch

=== Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ===

* 1961: Akụkọ ihe mere n'oge ọkọchị''Akụkọ ihe mere n'oge okpomọkụ''
* 1999: ''Ikekwe''
* 2008: ''[[Une belle croisière|Ụgbọ Mmiri Mara Mma]]''
* 2008: Ụlọ ọrụ Chineke''[[Les Bureaux de dieu|Ụlọ Ọrụ Chi]]''
* 2013: Bright Days Before''Ụbọchị Ndị Na-egbukepụ Egwu''

=== Onye edemede ===

* 2003: Obere ala ahịhịa birch''[[La Petite Prairie aux bouleaux|Obere Ala Dị Elu nke Osisi Birch]]''

== Ihe odide ==
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  <page>
    <title>Ụmụ nwanyị na Ukraine</title>
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      <comment>Created this article</comment>
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'''Ụmụ nwanyị nọ na [[Ukraine]]''' nwere ikike nhata [[iwu nke Ukraine|iwu obodo]] dịka ụmụ nwoke na [[akụnụba Ukraine|akụnụba]], [[Ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị nke Ukraine|ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị]], [[Omenala nke Ukraine|omenala]], na ngalaba mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, tinyere n'ime ezinụlọ.

Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ihe dị ka pasent 45 nke ndị bi na Ukraine (nde 45&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18018002 |title=Ukraine country profile - Overview |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=23 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;) ndị na-ata ahụhụ ime ihe ike - anụ ahụ, mmekọahụ, ma ọ bụ uche - bụ ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=KPWRU14213&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/kyiv/kyivans-join-global-rally-to-end-violence-against-women-320424.html |title=Kyivans join global rally to end violence against women |work=[[Kyiv Post]] |date=14 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Feminism na Ukraine ==
Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ukraine n'ime narị afọ abụọ gara aga nwere njikọ chiri anya na nke [[Alaeze Ukwu Russia]] na mgbe e mesịrị na [[Soviet Union]]. Yukren nwetara nnwere onwe na 1991, ọ bụkwa steeti nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ iri anọ bi na ya, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ Ndị Kraịst Ọtọdọks, ebe pasentị iri asaa nke ndị obodo bi n'obodo ukwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Europe :: Ukraine — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110024014/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 10, 2021 |access-date=2020-12-15 |website=[[CIA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Otu n'ime otu ndị otu nwanyị kachasị ukwuu na [[Europe]] ka e hiwere n'afọ 1920 na ọdịda anyanwụ nke oge a [[Ukraine]] ma ọ bụ [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2010/12/29/11244/ |script-title=uk:Галицькі феміністки 1930-х: нацистське &quot;Кухня-Церква-Діти&quot; не для нас |language=uk |title=Halytsʹki feministky 1930-kh: natsyst·skoe &quot;Kukhnya-Tserkva-Dity&quot; ne dlya nas |trans-title=Galician feminists of the 1930s: the Nazi &quot;Kitchen-Church-Children&quot; is not for us |work=Історична правда |access-date=23 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A kpọrọ otu a [[Ukrainian Women's Union]], [[Milena Rudnytska]] duziri ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gazeta.lviv.ua/articles/2005/03/04/3194/ |script-title=uk:Львівські феміністки. Мілена Рудницька |language=uk |title=Lʹvivsʹki feministky. Milena Rudnytsʹka |trans-title=Lviv feminists. Milena Rudnytska |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209160508/http://www.gazeta.lviv.ua/articles/2005/03/04/3194/ |archive-date=2007-12-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge [[oge Soviet]], a na-akpọ echiche ụmụ nwanyị dị ka echiche [[bourgeois]], nke mere na ọ bụ echiche megidere mgbanwe na nke megidere Soviet.&lt;ref name=book/&gt; Ọha mmadụ na echiche ụmụ nwanyị adịghị adị n'oge Soviet.&lt;ref name=WPost/&gt; Mgbe Yukren nwetaghachiri nnwere onwe na 1991, otu ndị otu ikike ụmụnwaanyị malitere ịgbasa.&lt;ref name=book&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hsgQjbgBOAkC&amp;pg=PA412 |title=A Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms: Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe, 19th and 20th Centuries |first1=Francisca |last1=De Haan |author1-link=Francisca de Haan |first2=Krasimira |last2=Daskalova |author2-link=Krassimira Daskalova |first3=Anna |last3=Loutfi |publisher=[[Central European University Press]] |date=2006 |isbn=978-963-7326-39-4 |page=411 |via=[[Google Books]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ruo 2010, e nwere ọtụtụ otu ikike ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na Ukraine,&lt;ref name=AzWoNo&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/62995/ |title=Women accuse Ukraine's Azarov of discrimination |work=[[Kyiv Post]] |date=1 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/guide/general/detail/124777/ |title=New Feminist Offensive aims to lift women |work=[[Kyiv Post]] |date=22 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/29898/ |title=Feminine Femen targets 'sexpats' |work=[[Kyiv Post]] |date=22 May 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; gụnyere Feminist Ofenzyva&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/entertainment/2012/05/120524_abortions_ukraine_rl Аборти в Україні: право на вибір чи право на життя? ''Abortions in Ukraine: the right to choose or the right to life?''], [[BBC Ukrainian]] (25 May 2012)&lt;/ref&gt; na [[Njikọ Ụmụ Nwanyị Ukraine]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=tOVlvvrMJhUC&amp;dq=feminism+Ukraine&amp;pg=PA324 Historical Dictionary of Feminism (Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies and Movements)] by Janet K. Boles, [[The Scarecrow Press]], 2004, {{ISBN|978-0-8108-4946-4}} (page 324)&lt;/ref&gt; E mechiri [[FEMEN]], otu kachasị arụ ọrụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na [[Kyiv]], n'afọ 2013. Òtù ahụ hapụrụ Yukren n'ihi na ndị isi na-atụ egwu &quot;maka ndụ na nnwere onwe ha&quot;.&lt;ref name=KyivOCUP&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/10/23/7000584/ У колишньому офісі Femen відкрили книжкову крамницю ''In the former office Femen opened a bookstore''], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (23 October 2013)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=KyivOCUP2&gt;{{cite news |language=uk |url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/08/31/6997008/ |script-title=uk:Активістки Femen втекли з України |title=Aktyvistky Femen vtekly z Ukrayiny |trans-title=Femen activists fled from Ukraine |work=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]] |date=31 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=KyivOCUP3&gt;{{cite news |language=uk |url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/08/27/6996762/ |script-title=uk:Femen закриє офіс в Україні, але діяльність не припинить  |title=Femen zakryye ofis v Ukrayini, ale diyalʹnistʹ ne prypynytʹ |trans-title=Femen closes office in Ukraine, however, the activities do not stop |work=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]] |date=27 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'oge [[Agha na Donbas (2014–2022)|agha na Donbas]] nke malitere na 2014, &quot;nnukwu mmegharị afọ ofufo nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ahazi ihe gbasara ọdịmma mmadụ na mkparịta ụka obodo&quot; mepụtara, dịka [[Oksana Potapova]] si kwuo, onye nyocha na onye na-akwado ikike ụmụnwaanyị na onye na-eme nchọpụta na onye na-akwado ikike ụmụnwaanyị bụ onye kere ''Ụlọ ihe nkiri maka mkparịta ụka'', otu [[òtù na-abụghị nke gọọmentị]] iji kwado mmegharị afọ ofufo ụmụnwaanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;OSCE_networking_platform_women&quot; /&gt;

== Ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị ==
Ihe dị ka pasent 45 nke ndị bi na Ukraine (nde 45) na-ata ahụhụ ime ihe ike - n'anụ ahụ, n'ihe gbasara mmekọahụ, ma ọ bụ n'uche - ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụkwa ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=KPWRU14213/&gt; Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'okporo ámá bụ ndị kacha nwee nsogbu; ihe dị ka pasentị iri anọ n'ime ha na-enwe mmeso ike mmekọahụ, pasentị iri abụọ na ise n'ime ha erubeghị afọ iri na asatọ.&lt;ref name=KPWRU14213/&gt; Na 2001, mba Ukraine bịanyere aka n'iwu  ''Iwu Ime Ihe Ike n'Ụlọ (Mgbochi) nke 2001''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://rm.coe.int/law-of-ukraine-on-preventing-and-combating-domestic-violence-eng/1680a1dc0e |title=Law of Ukraine: On Preventing and Combating Domestic Violence}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nkeji edemede 173-2 nke Iwu Mmejọ Nchịkwa nke Yukren na-ekwukwa maka &quot;ime ihe ike n'ezinụlọ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://yurist-online.com/en/kodeks/001.php |title=Download, to load, read through the Code of Ukraine about administrative violations. Item of item 1-212 |website=yurist-online.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Nuzhat Ehsan]], onye nnọchiteanya [[UN Population Fund]] na Ukraine, kwuru na Febụwarị 2013 &quot;Ukraine nwere oke ime ihe ike a na-anabataghị, ọkachasị site n'aka ụmụ nwoke nakwa n'ihi oke mmanya na-aba n'anya&quot;. O kwukwara na ọ bụ maka ihe ndị anaghị akọwapụta ihe dị n'iwu ahụ kpatara nsogbu ime ihe ike n'ezinụlọ, &quot;Ị nwere ike imebi ụmụ nwanyị, ma ọ bụrụ na ị bụ onye ọrụ dị elu ma ọ bụ si n'ezinụlọ dị elu, ị nwere ike ịgbanahụ ya.&quot;&lt;ref name=KPWRU14213/&gt;

== Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ọrụ ==
Ụmụ nwanyị mejupụtara pasentị iri ise na anọ nke [[Ọnọdụ mmadụ nke Ukraine|ọnụọgụgụ mmadụ nke Ukraine]] na pasentị iri anọ na asaa na anọ nke ndị ọrụ ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Labor force, female (% of total labor force) {{!}} Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.FE.ZS|access-date=2020-12-15|website=data.worldbank.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe karịrị 60% nke ụmụ nwanyị Ukraine niile nwere agụmakwụkwọ ka elu (ọkwa kọleji na n'elu). Otú ọ dị, enweghị ọrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị dị oke elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ikom nwere otu agụmakwụkwọ (80% nke ndị niile na-enweghị ọrụ na Ukraine bụ ụmụ nwanyị), ka aghara ikwu maka enweghị ọrụ zoro ezo nke ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.belgium.iom.int/StopConference/relevantdocs/030%20Pyschulina.%20Human%20Trafficking%20in%20Ukraine%20and%20prevention.pdf |title=Human Trafficking in Ukraine and Perspective of {{as written|I|t's [sic]}} Prevention |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070624205601/http://www.belgium.iom.int/STOPConference/relevantdocs/030%20Pyschulina.%20Human%20Trafficking%20in%20Ukraine%20and%20prevention.pdf |archive-date=2007-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iwu ọrụ na-egosi nha nhata iwu kwadoro nke ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, gụnyere ụgwọ ọrụ nhata maka ọrụ nhata, ụkpụrụ a na-agbasokarị. Agbanyeghị, ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọrụ nwanyị na-achị nwere ụgwọ ọnwa kacha ala ma bụrụkwa ndị a na-akwụkarị n'ihi ụgwọ ọnwa. [[Afọ ezumike nka]] na-aga n'ihu iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba, ruo afọ 60 maka ụmụ nwanyị na afọ 62 maka ụmụ nwoke-ndị ọrụ gọọmentị ka ọ na-erule 2021 (afọ mbụ bụ 55 maka ụmụ nwanyị na 60 maka ụmụ nwoke).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2011-07-08 |script-title=ru:Рада приняла пенсионную реформу, повышающую пенсионный возраст |title=Rada prinyala pensionnuyu reformu, povyshayushchuyu pensionnyy vozrast |trans-title=The Rada adopted a pension reform that raises the retirement age |url=https://ria.ru/20110708/398714861.html |access-date=2020-12-15 |website=РИА Новости |language=ru}}&lt;/ref&gt; E nwere akụkọ gbasara ụfọdụ ndị were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-ajụ ịnye ụmụ nwanyị dị obere nwere ike ịtụrụ ime ma ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị karịrị afọ 35 ọrụ. Ụmụ nwanyị na-enwetakwa obere ụgwọ ọnwa ma nwee obere ohere maka ọganihu ọrụ. Ọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole nọ n'ọkwa nchịkwa kachasị elu n'ọchịchị maọbụ n'ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị ma ọ bụ nkeonwe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.interpol.int/Public/Children/SexualAbuse/NationalLaws/csaUkraine.asp |title=Internet |website=[[Interpol]] |access-date=23 March 2015 |archive-date=29 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629030101/http://www.interpol.int/Public/Children/SexualAbuse/NationalLaws/csaUkraine.asp |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://world.technorati.ro/node/59332 |title=Choose language - Drupal |access-date=23 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2007/100590.htm |title=Country Report on Human Rights Practices in Ukraine |work=[[U.S. Department of State]] |date=11 March 2008 |access-date=23 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3979725.stm |title=Europe - A modern slave's brutal odyssey |date=3 November 2004 |access-date=23 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụmụ nwanyị na azụmaahịa Ukraine ==
Ná nkezi, ụmụ nwanyị na-enweta ihe na-erughị pasentị iri atọ na ise pekarịa ụmụ nwoke ndị na-arụ ọrụ yiri nke ahụ.&lt;ref name=WPost/&gt;&lt;ref name=WPostIWD2012&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/123896/ On Women's Day, struggle for equality remains], ''[[Kyiv Post]]'' (8 March 2012)&lt;/ref&gt;

Ihe dị ka pasentị iri ise nke ụlọ ọrụ niile na-enweghị ndị ọrụ bụ ụmụ nwanyị nwe ya. Ụlọ ọrụ nwere ndị ọrụ otu ruo ise nwere pasentị iri abụọ na asaa bụ nke ụmụ nwanyị nwe. Ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwere ihe na-erughị ndị ọrụ iri ise nwere pasentị iri atọ bụ ụmụ nwanyị nwe ya. Ọnụọgụgụ ndị a yiri nke ndị ọzọ dị na akụ na ụba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Ụmụ nwanyị na-edukarị azụmaahịa nta na azụmaahịa, azụmaahịa n'ogbe na nri.&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=vThcPhxPmOAC&amp;dq=Ukraine+Business+woman&amp;pg=PA251 New Perspectives on Women Entrepreneurs] by John Butler, [[Information Age Publishing]], 2000, {{ISBN|978-1-931576-78-9}} (page 251)&lt;/ref&gt; 2% nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ bụ ụmụ nwanyị na-edu.&lt;ref name=WPost&gt;[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/19/AR2010111901968.html Topless protesters gain fame in Ukraine]{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, [[The Washington Post]] (November 19, 2010)&lt;/ref&gt;

Na afọ 2008, ọnụọgụ ndị inyom na-esonye n'ọrụ (LPR) dị ihe dịka pasentị iri isii na abụọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;wageindicator.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.wageindicator.org/main/Wageindicatorfoundation/wageindicatorcountries/country-report-ukraine |title=Ukraine - An Overview of Women's Work, Minimum Wages and Employment |website=wageindicator.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụmụ nwanyị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Yukren ==
N'ime ntuli aka ndị omeiwu Ukraine nke [[2019]], a họpụtara ụmụ nwanyị 87 ka ha bịa n'ụlọ omeiwu, nke bụ ihe ndekọ maka Ukraine, nke bụ 20.52% nke ngụkọta ọnụọgụ ndị nnọchiteanya.&lt;ref name=&quot;pravda7221668&quot;&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2019/07/23/7221668/ The new Council has increased the number of women deputies], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (23 July 2019)&lt;/ref&gt; N'ime ntuli aka ahụ, ihe dị ka pasentị iri ise nke ndị nnọchite anya [[Voice (òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ukraine)|Voice]] a họpụtara bụ ụmụ nwanyị, pasentị iri atọ na asaa nke ndị omeiwu [[European Solidarity]] ahọpụtara bụ ụmụ nwanyị; ebe kacha nta maka ụmụ nwanyị dị na [[Opposition Platform – For Life]] na 11.4%.&lt;ref name=&quot;pravda7221668&quot;/&gt; Na 2014, ihe dị ka 12.1% [[Verkhovna Rada]] (ndị omeiwu Yukren) bụ ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipu.org&quot;/&gt; Site na [[2014 ntuli aka ndị omeiwu Ukraine|ntuli aka ndị omeiwu 2014]] ruo ntuli aka 2019, ọnụọgụgụ a mụbara ruo 53, ya bụ, 12.6%.&lt;ref name=&quot;pravda7221668&quot;/&gt; Pasentị nke ndị omeiwu nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe kwa [[ntụli aka na Ukraine|ntụli aka]].&lt;ref name=WPostIWD2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=woukpolitics&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=F1fhvklyl-IC&amp;q=elections&amp;pg=PA86 Women's Social Activism in the New Ukraine] by Sarah D. Phillips, [[Indiana University Press]], 2008, {{ISBN|978-0-253-21992-3}} (page 57/58)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=CEEPCDSE2011/&gt; N'ime ụmụ nwanyị iri anọ na asaa a họpụtara na 2014 gaa na omeiwu, naanị mmadụ abụọ mere nke a site n'inweta otu ntuli aka (Ntuli aka ahụ jiri usoro ntuli aka agwakọtara agwakọta nke nwere ndị omeiwu 53.2% ahọpụtara n'okpuru ndepụta pati na 46.8% na 198 [[ndị mpaghara]]&lt;ref name=27sIU2510&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/230595.html Parliamentary elections not to be held at nine constituencies in Donetsk region and six constituencies in Luhansk region – CEC], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (25 October 2014)&lt;/ref&gt;). Na 2019, ụmụ nwanyị iri abụọ na isii meriri oche ntuli aka.&lt;ref name=&quot;pravda7221668&quot;/&gt; N'ime ndị omeiwu a họpụtara na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu Ukraine [[2012]], ụmụ nwanyị mejupụtara 9.9% nke ndị omeiwu.&lt;ref name=woukpolitics/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/too-few-women-in-the-ukrainian-parliament-317670.html Too few women in the Ukrainian parliament], ''[[Kyiv Post]]'' (14 December 2012)&lt;/ref&gt; N'ime [[1994 ntuli aka ndị omeiwu Ukraine|nhọpụta mbụ nke omeiwu]] nke emere mgbe [[nnwere onwe Ukraine | nnwere onwe Ukraine nke 1991]] nke emere na 1994, naanị ụmụ nwanyị iri na otu (2.3% nke ndị omeiwu) ka a họpụtara.&lt;ref name=woukpolitics/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPUwUp/&gt; Nnyocha [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] e bipụtara na 12 Nọvemba 2014 gosiri na n'ụwa niile, pasentị iri abụọ na abụọ nke ndị omeiwu mejupụtara ụmụ nwanyị, ebe ọ bụ na [[mba nke European Union]] ọnụọgụgụ a bụ 25%.&lt;ref name=RUefW14UP&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/11/12/7044034/ The new parliament greatest women in history], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (12 November 2014)&lt;/ref&gt; Dịka nnyocha (bipụtara na 1 Nọvemba 2014) nke [[Inter-Parliamentary Union]] si kwuo, Ukraine nọ n'ọkwa nke 112 n'ime mba 189 n'ihe gbasara nnọchite anya ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ụmụ nwanyị na omeiwu.&lt;ref name=IPUwUp&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/parliament-has-record-number-of-women-374872.html Parliament has record number of women], ''[[Kyiv Post]]'' (11 December 2014)&lt;/ref&gt; Iwu ndị a ga-eji mee ihe ọzọ gbasara oke ụmụ nwanyị na omeiwu [[oge Soviet]] (30% ma ọ bụ 35%&lt;ref name=CEEPCDSE2011/&gt;) a rụrịtara ụka n'ụlọ omeiwu mana ha anabataghị ya.&lt;ref name=woukpolitics/&gt;
[[File:Y. Tymoshenko in Poland (2008).JPG|thumb|[[Praịm Minista nke Yukren]] [[Yulia Tymoshenko]] na [[Onyeisiala nke Poland]] [[Lech Kaczyński]] (July 2008)]]
[[Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko]] na onye na-anọchi ya [[Batkivshchyna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CESOlszańskiUKel12&quot;&gt;[http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/eastweek/2012-11-07/after-parliamentary-elections-ukraine-a-tough-victory-party-regions After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317180048/http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/eastweek/2012-11-07/after-parliamentary-elections-ukraine-a-tough-victory-party-regions |date=2013-03-17 }}, [[Centre for Eastern Studies]] (7 November 2012)&lt;/ref&gt; abụwo naanị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ụmụ nwanyị na-edu nke banyere na nzuko omeiwu.&lt;ref name=woukpolitics/&gt;&lt;ref name=CEEPCDSE2011/&gt; [[Hanna Hopko]] bụ onye mbụ na ndepụta pati nke [[Ntụkwasị Obi Onwe (òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị)|Self Reliance]], nke gbárá nke atọ na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu Yukren nke ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2014.&lt;ref name=KP141023&gt;{{cite news |url= http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/new-faces-in-parliament-possible-with-samopomich-party-369116.html |title= New faces in parliament possible with Samopomich Party |first= Olena |last= Goncharova |work= [[Kyiv Post]] |date= 23 October 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;allcountedCECIU81114&quot;&gt;[http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/news/poroshenko_bloc_to_have_greatest_number_of_seats_in_parliament_327072 Poroshenko Bloc to have greatest number of seats in parliament], [[Ukrinform]] (8 November 2014)&lt;br /&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233404.html People's Front 0.33% ahead of Poroshenko Bloc with all ballots counted in Ukraine elections – CEC], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (8 November 2014)&lt;br /&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233426.html Poroshenko Bloc to get 132 seats in parliament – CEC], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (8 November 2014)&lt;/ref&gt; N'otu ntuli aka ahụ [[Nadiya Savchenko]] ka e tinyere n'ọnọdụ mbụ na ndepụta pati Batkivshchyna (pati ahụ mechara bụ nke isii na ntuli aka ahụ).&lt;ref name=&quot;allcountedCECIU81114&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/tymoshenkos-batkivshchyna-two-women-at-top-will-propel-party-to-parliament-367835.html Tymoshenko's Batkivshchyna: Two women at top will propel party into parliament], ''[[Kyiv Post]]'' (Oct. 13, 2014)&lt;/ref&gt; E nweela ọtụtụ payị ụmụ nwanyị na-edu na Yukren na ọbụna ụfọdụ pati &quot;okwu ụmụnwaanyị&quot; (ndị nyocha akọwaala ha dị ka &quot;pati emebere emebe iji zuru votu n'aka pati ndị mmegide&quot;).&lt;ref name=woukpolitics/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CEEPCDSE2011&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=zQtFouCjFSMC&amp;dq=azarov+government&amp;pg=PA354 Central and East European Politics: From Communism to Democracy Second Edition], edited by  [[Sharon Wolchik]] and  [[Jane Curry]], [[Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers, Inc.]], 2011, {{ISBN|0-7425-6734-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Virtual Politics - Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World, [[Andrew Wilson (historian)|Andrew Wilson]], [[Yale University Press]], 2005, {{ISBN|0-300-09545-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Gọọmentị Yatsenyuk nke abụọ]] (a họpụtara ya na Disemba 2, 2014) nwere ndị minista nwanyị abụọ.&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/237576.html Rada supports coalition-proposed government lineup], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (2 December 2014)&lt;br /&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/rada-approves-new-cabinet-with-three-former-foreigners-in-it-373861.html Rada approves new Cabinet with three foreigners], [[Kyiv Post]] (2 December 2014)&lt;br /&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/12/2/7046214/ Rada voted the new Cabinet], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (2 December 2014)&lt;/ref&gt; Onye bu ya ụzọ [[Gọọmentị Yatsenyuk mbụ]] (a họpụtara ya na 27 Febụwarị 2014) nwere otu nwanyị minista.&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/193035.html Maidan nominates Yatseniuk for prime minister], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (26 February 2014)&lt;br /&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/193222.html Ukrainian parliament endorses new cabinet], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (27 February 2014)&lt;/ref&gt; Afọ 2016–2019 [[Gọọmentị Groysman]] kwụsịrị ọrụ ya na ụmụ nwanyị ise so na ya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unian.info/politics/1319232-new-cabinet-formed-in-ukraine.html New Cabinet formed in Ukraine], [[UNIAN]] (14 April 2016)&lt;br /&gt;[http://www.unian.info/economics/1322801-weeks-balance-pm-groysman-radas-sabotage-and-disappointing-imf-forecast.html Week's balance: PM Groysman, Rada's sabotage, and disappointing IMF forecast], [[UNIAN]] (18 April 2016)&lt;br /&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [http://pda.pravda.com.ua/articles/id_7105548/ Spring transplantation: Prime Groisman and without a coalition Cabinet], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (14 April 2016)&lt;br /&gt;[https://www.unian.info/m/politics/10348734-ukraine-parliament-appoints-markarova-friz-ministers.html Ukraine parliament appoints Markarova, Friz ministers], [[UNIAN]] (22 November 2018)&lt;br /&gt;{{in lang|uk}} [http://pda.pravda.com.ua/news/id_7116046/ The government appointed Acting Minister of Health], [[Ukrayinska Pravda]] (27 July 2016)&lt;/ref&gt;

Ruo ugbu a, naanị gọọmentị enweghị ndị minista nwanyị (ọ bụkwa naanị gọọmentị [[Europe]] nke enweghị ndị otu nwanyị n'oge ahụ&lt;ref name=newHminister1422012/&gt;) bụ ụbọchị 11 nke ọnwa Maachị afọ 2010 a họpụtara ya&lt;ref&gt;[http://unian.net/eng/news/news-366951.html VR approved structure of Cabinet of Ministers (update)], [[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency]] (March 11, 2010)&lt;/ref&gt; [[Gọọmentị Azarov mbụ]] ruo mgbe a họpụtara [[Raisa Bohatyryova]] [[Ministri nke Ahụike (Ukraine)|Minista nke Ahụike]] na [[Osote Praịm Minista nke Ukraine]] na 14 Febụwarị 2012.&lt;ref name=newHminister1422012&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/122428/ Bohatyriova appointed vice premier and health minister], [[Kyiv Post]] (14 February 2012)&lt;br /&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/61805/ Azarov's cabinet has highest number of ministers in Europe], [[Kyiv Post]] (March 16, 2010)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=CEEPCDSE2011/&gt; [[Prime Minista nke Ukraine|Prime Minista]] [[Mykola Azarov]] kwuru na Machị 2010 na enweghị ndị minista nwanyị n'ọchịchị a n'ihi na &quot;Mgbanwe anaghị adaba n'ikike ụmụ nwanyị&quot;, ebe o kwukwara na ọ na-akwanyere ụmụ nwanyị ùgwù nke ukwuu.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/34554/ Ukrainian Prime Minister Azarov had his office blessed], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (March 19, 2010)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Azorov&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/mar/24/ukraine-mykola-azarov-women Ukrainian women berate 'Neanderthal' PM for sexist remarks], ''[[The Guardian]]'' (March 24, 2010)&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị otu ụmụnwaanyị dị na Yukren kọọrọ Azarov onye na-ahụ maka ndị ombudsman nke mba ahụ mgbe okwu a gasịrị. Ha boro ya ebubo na ọ bụ onye na [[akpa ókè n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị]] ma na-enwe echiche [[wiktionary:neanderthal|neanderthal]]&lt;ref name=Azorov/&gt; ma tinye akwụkwọ dị iche iche n'ụlọ ikpe megide ya.&lt;ref name=AzWoNo/&gt; [[Gọọmentị Azarov nke abụọ]] nke Azorov (nke dịgidere site na 24 Disemba 2012&lt;ref name=USMG241212&gt;[http://www.unian.info/news/543116-yanukovych-appoints-new-staff-of-cabinet-of-ministers-of-ukraine.html President of Ukraine has appointed new staff of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211161007/http://www.unian.info/news/543116-yanukovych-appoints-new-staff-of-cabinet-of-ministers-of-ukraine.html |date=2013-12-11 }}, [[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency]] (24 December 2012)&lt;/ref&gt; ruo 27 Febụwarị 2014&lt;ref name=Afg27214&gt;[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/193220.html Rada dismisses previous government, to form new one], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (27 February 2014)&lt;/ref&gt;) nwere ụmụ nwanyị atọ bụ́ ndị minista.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/yanukovych-is-appointing-new-cabinet-of-ministers-318086.html Yanukovych appoints new Cabinet of Ministers], ''[[Kyiv Post]]'' (24 December 2012)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=RLL4713&gt;[https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-justice-minister-appointment/25036829.html Ukrainian President Appoints New Justice Minister ], [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] (4 July 2013)&lt;/ref&gt;

N'oge [[2010 ntuli aka onyeisiala Yukren | ntuli aka onyeisiala nke 2010]], onye na-azọ ọkwa [[Viktor Yanukovych]] jụrụ ịrụrịta ụka nke ya na onye ya na ya azo ọkwa bụ nwanyị [[Prime Minista nke Ukraine|praịm minista]] [[Yulia Tymoshenko]] ma kwado ya site n'ikwu na &quot;ọnọdụ nwanyị dị n'ime kichin&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.promes.org/en/s15/2525.html |title=Yanukovych: The Place of women – in the kitchen |access-date=23 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://finchannel.com/Main_News/Ukraine/56415_Yanukovych_Unwilling_To_Debate_Tymoshenko_At_Runoff_Election_/ |title=Barclays announces further Non Core disposal |last=Newseditor |access-date=2013-02-08 |archive-date=2019-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404192737/https://finchannel.com/Main_News/Ukraine/56415_Yanukovych_Unwilling_To_Debate_Tymoshenko_At_Runoff_Election_/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; (Onye bụbu) [[Onyeisi oche Verkhovna Rada]] [[Volodymyr Lytvyn]] ekwuwokwa okwu ndị a pụrụ iwere dị ka mkparị nye ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine_womens_day/24509276.html Honoring Women, Ukrainian Government-Style ], [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] (8 March 2012)&lt;/ref&gt;

E debanyere iwu machibidoro [[imebi ime]] (nke [[Andriy Shkil]] dere) na Verkhovna Rada dịka ndị ụkọchukwu nke [[Ụka Katọlik Gris]] na [[Lee Nsọ|Vatican]] rịọrọ na 12 Maachị 2012.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/125838/ Ukrainian clergy condemn FEMEN protest on Sophia Cathedral bell tower], ''[[Kyiv Post]]'' (11 April 2012)&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'òtù ndị agha Ukraine ==
A na-enye ụmụ nwanyị na Ukraine ohere isonye na ndị agha,&lt;ref&gt;[[Women in the military by country#Ukraine]]&lt;/ref&gt; mana n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, nke a bụ naanị ọrụ ndị na-abụghị ndị agha: dọkịta, onye na-esi nri, onye na-ahụ maka akaụntụ, wdg.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/pages/attachments/2016/11/17/cig_ukraine_military_service_11-2016.pdf |title=Country Policy and Information Note, Ukraine: Military service |version=3.0 |date=November 2016 |page=9 |archive-date=2019-03-27 |access-date=2019-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091414/https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/pages/attachments/2016/11/17/cig_ukraine_military_service_11-2016.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Malite na Julaị 2016, ndị agha Yukren malitere ikwe ka ụmụ nwanyị sonye n'ọrụ agha gụnyere, mana ọ bụghị naanị na, [[onye ogbunigwe]], [[onye agha scout]], na [[sniper]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/pages/attachments/2016/11/17/cig_ukraine_military_service_11-2016.pdf |title=Country Policy and Information Note, Ukraine: Military service |version=3.0 |date=November 2016 |page=15 |archive-date=2019-03-27 |access-date=2019-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091414/https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/pages/attachments/2016/11/17/cig_ukraine_military_service_11-2016.pdf |url-status=dead }}{{cite journal |url=http://www.mil.gov.ua/content/files/whitebook/WB_2016_ENG_WEB.pdf |author=[[Ministry of Defence of Ukraine]] |title=White Book 2016: The Armed Forces of Ukraine |year=2017 |page=57 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụmụ nwanyị n'oge mwakpo Russia wakporo Ukraine n'afọ 2022 == 
Ụmụ nwanyị Ukraine dị ime na mgbe ha mụsịrị nwa na-eche ihe ịma aka pụrụ iche ihu, dị ka ịmụ nwa n'ụlọ nchekwa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=As pregnant flee Ukraine, war imposes long-term health effects: Experts |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/pregnant-flee-ukraine-war-imposes-long-term-health/story?id=83724438 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=ABC News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kọmishọna Ukwu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ kwadoro mwakpo 75 e mere n'ebe a na-agwọ ọrịa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Update to the Human Rights Council on Ukraine |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements/2022/03/update-human-rights-council-ukraine |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=OHCHR |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  E sere foto otu nwanyị dị ime ka ọ nọ n'elu ihe ndina site n'ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka dị na Mariupol, mgbe e wakporo ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mariupol children's hospital destroyed in targeted attack, Ukrainian officials say |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/mariupol-childrens-hospital-destroyed-targeted-attack-ukrainian-officials/story?id=83350914 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=ABC News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị nne nwere ụmụ atọ ma ọ bụ karịa nwere ike ịpụ na mba ahụ na di ha maka nchekwa; a naghị ekwe ka ụmụ nwoke nwere ụmụ otu ma ọ bụ abụọ pụọ na mba ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Mother Ukraine {{!}} Pregnant in Wartime {{!}} 52 Documentary |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oTwHXO6bFY&amp;t=413s |access-date=2024-11-06 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Òtù UN Human Women na-akọ na ọnụọgụgụ ndị mmadụ na-ebuga n'ahịa na ime ihe ike n'ihi nwoke na nwanyị dị elu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=In Focus: War in Ukraine is a crisis for women and girls |url=https://www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/in-focus/2022/03/in-focus-war-in-ukraine-is-a-crisis-for-women-and-girls |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=UN Women – Headquarters |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Leekwa ==
* [[Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ọrụ agha site na mba#Ukraine]]
* [[Ụmụ nwanyị na Yuropu]]

== Edensibia ==
&lt;references&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;OSCE_networking_platform_women&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title= OSCE Networking Platform for Women Leaders including Peacebuilders and Mediators | website= [[Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe]] |date =2021-12-06 | url = https://www.osce.org/secretariat/506891 | access-date = 2022-02-02 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211214142143/https://www.osce.org/secretariat/506891 |archive-date= 2021-12-14 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/references&gt;

== Ịgụkwu ihe ==
* {{Cite journal |last=Anderson |first=Nadina L. |title=To provide and protect: gendering money in Ukrainian households |journal=[[Gender &amp; Society]] |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=359&amp;ndash;382 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications|SAGE]] |doi=10.1177/0891243217705875 |date=June 2017 |s2cid=149266787}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==
{{commons category|Women of Ukraine}}


[[Category:Women in Ukraine| ]]
[[Category:Women's rights in Ukraine| ]]
[[Category:Women by country|Ukraine]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340958587|Lise London]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Lise London''' (15 Febụwarị 1916 - 31 Maachị 2012) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Kọmunist nke France na onye na-akwado ya. O sonyere na ndị agha mba ụwa n'oge Agha Obodo Spen na ndị agha French n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.[1] Ọ bụ nwunye Artur London, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kọmunist nke Czechoslovak na onye na-agbachitere ya n'ikpe Slánský. Mgbe a gbasịrị di ya ikpe na mkpọrọ, ọ ghọrọ onye na-akatọ Stalin na Stalinism nke ukwuu.[1][2]

== Akụkọ Ndụ ==
A mụrụ Élizabeth (aha otutu, Lise) Ricol na Montceau-les-Mines, France, na 1916 site n'aka ndị mụrụ ya si Spain.[1][2] Ọ ghọrọ onye otu French Communist Party mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma.[1] Ọ kwagara Moscow na Soviet Union, ebe ọ zutere mbụ wee lụọ di ya, Artur London. Di na nwunye ahụ kwagara Spain wee sonye na International Brigade mgbe Agha Obodo Spain malitere na 1936.[1] Na ajụjụ ọnụ ya na El País na 2011, London kọwara itinye aka ya na International Brigade dị ka &quot;oge kachasị mma&quot; ná ndụ ya, na-ekwu, &quot;Ndị Spain na-echeta m mgbe niile. A na-echetara m Brigade mgbe niile, ndị enyi m ochie; m na-arọ nrọ banyere ha. Spain bụ ezigbo, echiche anyị kacha hụ n'anya, ọ ka bụkwa ezigbo echiche.&quot;[1]

Lise na Artur kwagara Paris na 1939 mgbe Agha Obodo Spen kwụsịrị ma guzobe Francoist Spain.[1] N'oge na-adịghị anya, ndị Nazi Germany wakporo ma weghara France na 1940. Ha abụọ sonyeere ndị agha French Resistance. Na 1942, e jidere London ma ziga ya n'ogige ịta ahụhụ Ravensbrück, ebe a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ ruo oge agha fọdụrụnụ.[1] Na 1944, e jidere ya na Louise Aslanian, onye ya na ya ghọrọ enyi.

Lise London kwagara Czechoslovakia ya na di ya mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị. Artur London sonyeere gọọmentị ọhụrụ nke ndị Kọmunist Czechoslovak dịka osote minista mba ofesi. Agbanyeghị, di ya nwere esemokwu na ndị ọchịchị na Stalin, a mara ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ ndụ n'oge ikpe Slánský na 1952.[1] A tọhapụrụ ya na 1956 mgbe Stalin nwụsịrị, di na nwunye ahụ laghachikwara Paris.[1] Artur London mechara bipụta egwuregwu gbasara ikpe ya, ''The Confession'', nke e bipụtara na 1968. Artur London nwụrụ na 1986. Lise London ghọrọ onye edemede na onye edemede, karịsịa lekwasịrị anya na ahụmịhe di ya n'oge afọ 1950. Akwụkwọ ya gụnyere &quot;Mégère de la rue Daguerre&quot;, nke e bipụtara na 1995.

N'ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara ya na El País n'afọ 2011, London kpughere na ya &quot;mebiri kaadị ndị otu m&quot; wee hapụ ndị French Communist Party, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nọgidere na-akwado ọchịchị Kọmunist.

Lise London nwụrụ na 31 Machị 2012 na Paris mgbe ọ dị afọ 96 ma lie ya na di ya na Ivry Cemetery na Ivry-sur-Seine.

== Ihe odide ==
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345473792|Deborah Lifchitz]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Deborah Lifchitz''' (5 Juun 1907 – 20 Septemba 1942) bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ọdịbendị na asụsụ na Polish-French, ọkachamara n'asụsụ na omenala ndị Semitic nke [[Ethiopia|Etiopia]] . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Musée de l'Homme na Paris ma sonye na [[Dakar–Djibouti mission|ọrụ Dakar-Djibouti]] na 1932–3. N'oge mgbukpọ ahụ, ndị Nazi tụrụ ya mkpọrọ na 1942 ma gbuo ya na Auschwitz .

A mụrụ Deborah (Desirée) Lifchitz (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ Lifschitz, Lifszyc ma ọ bụ Livchitz) na Kharkiv (nke bụ akụkụ nke Alaeze Ukwu Russia, nke bụzi Ukraine) na 1907 n'ezinụlọ ndị Juu Poland. Nna ya bụ dọkịta ezé. Mgbe Mgbanwe Ọktoba gasịrị, ezinụlọ ya hapụrụ Kharkiv na 1919, buru ụzọ gaa Crimea, sitekwa ebe ahụ na 1920 gaa Warsaw. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na French lycée nke Warsaw na 1927, Lifchitz hapụrụ Poland gaa Paris, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na National School of Modern Oriental Languages ​​(''Asụsụ O’''). Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na asambodo na edemede na asụsụ (Middle Eastern) Arabic, Persian na Amharic (onye nkụzi ya n'asụsụ nke ikpeazụ bụ Marcel Cohen). Ọ gụkwara akara ugo mmụta (licensetiate) na nkà mmụta okpukpe, asụsụ Semitic oge ochie na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okpukperechi na Mahadum Paris Faculty of Humanities (Sorbonne) yana ọzụzụ ọrụ aka dịka onye na-ede akwụkwọ.

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ sonyeere ndị otu Dakar-Djibouti n'ofe Afrịka nke Marcel Griaule duziri. N'oge njem nyocha a, ọ zutere Beta Israel (ndị Juu nke Etiopia). Mgbe ọ lọtara Paris, Lifchitz nwetara ọkwa na ngalaba Afrịka nke Musée d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro nke mechara bụrụ Musée de l'Homme anthropological museum na 1937. Na 1935, ọ bụ onye otu nke ọrụ ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na French Sudan (Mali) yana onye ọrụ ibe ya na enyi ya Denise Paulme. Site na Mali, o weghachitere ihe osise Dogon abụọ nke ihe ngosi nka nke a na-egosi ugbu a na Louvre na Quai Branly museums. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Marcel Cohen, ọ gụchara akwụkwọ edemede ya na &quot;akwụkwọ anwansi na okpukperechi Etiopia&quot; na 1937, na-enweta asambodo nke ngalaba akụkọ ihe mere eme-philological, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE). E bipụtara akwụkwọ edemede ya n'usoro ihe nkiri Paris Institute of Ethnology nke Marcel Mauss na Paul Rivet deziri na 1940.

Deborah Lifchitz dere otu akwụkwọ na ọtụtụ akụkọ, nke a ka na-ewere dị ka ihe dị mkpa n'inyocha asụsụ Etiopia. N'oge ọ na-amụ ihe na ọrụ ya na Musée de l'Homme, Deborah Lifchitz mụrụ ma soro ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị Africa kacha mma na Paris nke oge ahụ mụọ ihe ma rụkọọ ọrụ, gụnyere Michel Leiris, Wolf Leslau, Marcel Griaule, Marcel Mauss, Marcel Cohen, Paul Boyer, Paul Rivet, Georges Dumézil, Denise Paulme, onye ya na ya dere ọtụtụ akụkọ, na ihe ndị ọzọ.

O tinyere akwụkwọ maka ịbụ nwa amaala mba Frans na 1931, nke e nyere ya na 1937 site n'akwụkwọ nkwado sitere n'aka ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ibe ya a ma ama. Mgbe ndị Nazi batara Paris, Lifchitz nọgidere n'obodo ahụ, mgbe ọ tụfuru ọrụ ya n'ihi iwu agbụrụ, onye ọrụ ibe ya bụ Michel Leiris kpọbatara ya. Na Febụwarị 1942, ndị uwe ojii Frans jidere ya, kpọga ya n'ogige ịta ahụhụ Frans, sitekwa ebe ahụ gaa Auschwitz ebe e gburu ya n'afọ ahụ. Dịka akaebe nke Marcel Cohen si kwuo, e tinyere gas n'ime ya.

== Ihe odide ==</text>
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'''Katherine Pancol''' (amụrụ na 22 Ọktoba 1954) bụ onye France na-ede akụkọ na onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ. A sụgharịrị akwụkwọ ya n'ihe dị ka asụsụ 30, ma ree ọtụtụ nde n'ụwa niile. Na United States, a maara ya dị ka onye dere The Yellow Eyes of Crocodiles (Penguin, 2013) na ihe na-eso ya, The Slow Waltz of Turtles (Pengin, 2016), nke William Rodarmor sụgharịrị.

== Ndụ na ọrụ ==
Katherine Pancol si Casablanca Kwaga France mgbe ọ dụ afọ ise. ụgịrị akwúkwụrụ ma búrrụ Onye Nkuzi French na Latin Tupu ụ tụgharwua gaa n'ụrọ mgbesa. OZI. Mgbe na-arụ ụrụ maka Paris-match na cosmopolitan, Onye na-ebidụta akwụkwụrụ Hụrhu Ya Ma Gbaa Ya Ume Ịmalite ide akịkọ ifo. N'ịgbaso Ihe ụga nke ụma nke Akwukwzọ Akụkụ mbù ya moi d'abord na 1979, Pancol Kwagara New York Obodo Ebe ụ Nọrọ Afọ iri sochirinụ na-achụso klas Edemede na Edemede na Mahadum Columbia mgbe ụ na-emepụta Akwukwọ Akụkị wụ́zị la Barbare na 1981, Scarlett, si ekwe omume na les hommes cruels ne courent pas les rues.Katherine Pancol si Casablanca kwaga France mgbe ọ dị afọ ise. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ma bụrụ onye nkuzi French na Latin tupu ọ tụgharịa gaa n'ọrụ mgbasa ozi. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka Paris-Match na Cosmopolitan, onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ hụrụ ya ma gbaa ya ume ịmalite ide akụkọ ifo. N'ịgbaso ihe ịga nke ọma nke akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya Moi D'abord na 1979, Pancol kwagara New York City ebe ọ nọrọ afọ iri sochirinụ na-achụso klas edemede na edemede na Mahadum Columbia mgbe ọ na-emepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ atọ ọzọ La Barbare na 1981, Scarlett, si possible na Les Hommes cruels ne courent pas les rues.

N'ịbụ onye ụzọ ndụ ndị America metụtara, ụdị ya ghọrọ ngwa ngwa na ihe omume.

A na-enwe njikọ na Pancol maka ọdịiche ya ịhụnanya akparamagwa ụmụ, ụmụ echere, a na-ama akara na-eme ka dị iche iche.  Ọrụ ya na-enwekarị isiokwu na-akpali akpali akpali ọ na-atọ ụtọ, ma nwee ike dị ukwuu n'ahịa.  Otu n'ime mmepụta ya bụ amụli ụmụ ka ha nwee obi ike ịbụ onwe ha ka ha na ndụ n'onwe ha na-enwe ike dị mma.

E bipụtara ya na 2006, akwụkwọ akụkọ ya {{Lang|fr|Les Yeux jaunes des crocodiles}} (The Yellow Eyes of Crocodiles) bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na France, ebe ọ rere ihe karịrị otu nde &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Slick chick lit of the Bridget Jones variety, with a decidedly Parisian accent.|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/books/2014/03/31/the_yellow_eyes_of_crocodiles_by_katherine_pancol_review.html|work=The Toronto Star|date=2014-03-31|accessdate=2015-08-01|first=Michel|author=Basilières}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma nata &quot;Prix de Maison de la Presse, 2006&quot; maka nkesa kachasị na France. E nyere Pancol &quot;Onye edemede kacha mma 2007&quot; site na Gorodets Publishing (Moscow). Crocodiles bụ akwụkwọ nke isii kacha ere na France na 2008 (Le Figaro littéraire). William Rodarmor na &quot;Helen Dickinson&quot; sụgharịrị ya n'asụsụ Bekee ma Penguin Books bipụtara ya na 2013. A sụgharịrị ya n'asụsụ Russian, Chinese, Ukrainian, Polish, Italian, Korean, Vietnamese, Latvian, Czech, Slovak, Hebrew na Norwegian. A gbanwere ya na ihe nkiri 2014 {{Lang|fr|[[Les Yeux jaunes des crocodiles]]}} nke Julie Depardieu na Emmanuelle Béart gosipụtara. Akwụkwọ nke abụọ n'ime trilogy ahụ, The Slow Waltz of Turtles, bụ nke William Rodarmor sụgharịrị ma Penguin bipụtara na 2016.

Pancol gbara na Pierre Pichot de Champfleury onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ abụọ toro eto, Clément na onye na-ede ihe nkiri Charlotte.  Ɔ bi na Paris, ebe o edi Muchachas.

== Ọrụ ==
Akụkọ ya atọ The Yellow Eyes of Crocodiles, The Slow Waltz of Turtles, na Les Écureuils de Central Park sont tristes le lundi (The Central Park Squirrels are sad on Monday) na-ahụ ụfọdụ dị n'etiti ndị na-eme n'etiti ihe abụọ dị iche iche.

Na Crocodiles, onye isi, Josephine Cortes, na-alụ ọgụ na ịgba alụkwaghịm, nsogbu akụ na ụba, nwa nwanyị dị afọ iri na ụma siri ike, nne na-emegbu mmadụ, na ùgwù onwe onye dị ala.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/book-review-the-yellow-eyes-of-crocodiles-by-katherine-pancol/2014/01/16/a1501c4e-7265-11e3-8def-a33011492df2_story.html|title=Book review: 'The Yellow Eyes of Crocodiles', by Katherine Pancol|author=See|first=Carolyn|date=16 January 2014|work=The Washington Post|accessdate=1 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-etinye aka na atụmatụ mbipụta nke nwanne ya nwanyị bụ Iris chepụtara, na-aghọ onye edemede ya. Ka Jo na-achọpụta nkà nke ya, ọ na-agba mbọ ka ọ ghara inweta otuto maka ọrụ ya, nke na-aghọ akwụkwọ kacha ere ahịa. Site na ihe ịma aka ndị a, Joséphine na-etolite ma chọpụta onye ọ bụ n'ezie. Nnyocha na The Washington Post kpọrọ akwụkwọ ahụ &quot;agụ na-eju afọ&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Ọtụtụ ihe odide gbara Joséphine gburugburu na- agbanwe n'ime mmadụ na ibe ya, mkpuchi na nrọ.  fim Florine, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe ngosi nke afọ nke iri na abụọ Joséphine akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ ọmụmụ ya, na-aghọ onye na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndịozi nke abụọ ka ihe ya na-eme n'ime oge oge ochie nke ọma.

== Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ ==
Nke Albin Michel bipụtara: 

* Igurube n'àkwà, 2019
* Atọ Kisses, 2017
* Girls, 2014 (mpịakọta atọ) 
* Ndị Squirrels nke Central Park bụ ndị mwute na Mọnde, 2010 (The Central Park squirrels are sad on Monday) 
* La Valse lente des turtles, 2008 (The slow waltz of turtles) 
* Anya odo nke agụ iyi, 2006 (The Yellow Eyes of Crocodiles, 2013) 
* ''Susu m ọnụ'', 2003 (Susu m ọnụ) 
* ''Otu nwoke nọ n'ebe dị anya'', 2002 (A Farway Man) 
* Et monter lentement dans un immense amour, 2001 (Rising gently in a great love) 
* M nọ ebe ahụ tupu, 1999 (M bu ụzọ nọrọ ebe ahụ) 

Fayard bipụtara ya: 

* Otu egwu ọzọ, 1998 (Otu egwu ikpeazụ) 

Nke Éditions du Seuil bipụtara: 

* Une si belle image, 1994 (''Ọmarịcha onyinyo'') 
* Vu de l'extérieur, 1993 (Lee site n'èzí) 
* Les Hommes cruels ne courent pas les rues, 1990 (Ndị obi ọjọọ siri ike ịchọta) 
* ''Scarlett, ma ọ bụrụ na o kwere omume'' (Scarlett, ma o kwere omume), 1985
* La Barbare, 1991 (Nwanyị na-eme ihe ike) 
* ''Mụ onwe m na mbụ'', 1979 (M bu ụzọ) 

== Nsụgharị Bekee ==

* {{Cite book|author=Pancol|first=Katherine|date=2013|title=The Yellow Eyes of Crocodiles|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|isbn=978-1410467676}} and &quot;Helen Dickinson&quot; (pseud.)
* {{Cite book|author=Pancol|first=Katherine|date=2016|title=The Slow Waltz of Turtles|publisher=[[Penguin Books]]|isbn=}}

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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'''Fabienne Pascaud''' (amụrụ na 1 Julaị 1955) bụ onye nta akụkọ, onye nkatọ, na onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ French Télérama. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fabienne Pascaud|url=https://www.franceinter.fr/personnes/fabienne-pascaud-0|publisher=FranceInter}}&lt;/ref&gt;A maara ya nke ọma maka nkatọ ọ na-akatọ ihe nkiri..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Le mépris de Fabienne Pascaud sur France-Culture|url=https://blogs.mediapart.fr/erreur-403/blog/030417/le-mepris-de-fabienne-pascaud-sur-france-culture|work=MediaPart|publisher=MediaPart|accessdate=3 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fabienne Pascaud|url=https://www.lejournaldesarts.fr/personnalite/fabienne-pascaud-715|work=Le Journal des Arts|accessdate=3 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edemsibia ==
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Ève Paul-Margueritte (5 Febụwarị 1885 - 16 Julaị 1971) bụ onye edemede asụsụ French, onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mmetụta uche. Mgbe di ya nwụrụ, nwanne ya nwanyị, Lucie Paul-Margueritte, agbaala alụkwaghịm, ha bi ma rụkọọ ọrụ ọnụ, na-ede ma ọ dịkarịa ala akwụkwọ abụọ, na ọtụtụ nsụgharị. Ọ sụgharịrị akwụkwọ Bekee gaa na French nke Alice na Claude Askew, Thomas Hardy, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Garrett P. Serviss, Bram Stoker Lilian Turner, Paul Urquhart, na A. M. Williamson dere. Paul-Margueritte bụ onye natara &quot;Prix Jean-Jacques-Berger&quot;, maka Auteuil et Passy, ​​1947, na &quot;Prix Georges-Dupau&quot;, 1950, site na Académie Française.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Ève Antonie Paul-Margueritte &lt;ref name=&quot;0-myheritage&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927|url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher|work=www.myheritage.com|accessdate=17 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; na 5 Febụwarị 1885, na 6th arrondissement nke Paris. &lt;ref name=&quot;1-acte&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acte de naissance (no. 354)|url=http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&amp;type=AEC&amp;&amp;bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&amp;vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;ref_histo=2178&amp;cote=V4E%205851|publisher=Archives de Paris (6e)|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr|date=1885}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Paul Margueritte, nwa nwanne Victor Margueritte.

Na 1919, ọ lụrụ Charles Gaucher (1877-1927).&lt;ref name=&quot;0-myheritage&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927|url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher|work=www.myheritage.com|accessdate=17 January 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher &quot;Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927&quot;]. ''www.myheritage.com''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;17 January&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;2-deuxfreres&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Paul-Margueritte|first=Ève|title=Deux frères, deux soeurs: deux époques littéraires|date=1951|publisher=J. Peyronnet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v6FDAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;3-lefigaro&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148//bpt6k292214k/f3|title=Le Figaro|accessdate=17 January 2022|date=31 July 1919}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe Ève nwụsịrị, Lucie agbaa alụkwaghịm, ụmụnne nwanyị ahụ bikọrọ ọnụ, zụlitere nwa nwoke nke mbụ ahụ ma bie ndụ site n'ihe odide ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;2-mamelouk-2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mamelouk|first=Nadia Nadja|title=Anxiety in the Border Zone: Transgressing Boundaries in Leïla: Revue Illustrée de la Femme (Tunis, 1936-1940) and in Leïla: Hebdomadaire Tunisien Indépendant (Tunis, 1940-1941)|date=2008|publisher=University of Virginia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwmsZwEACAAJ|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya na Lucie, Paul-Margueritte sụgharịrị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee, gụnyere Dracula nke Bram Stoker &lt;ref name=&quot;evewasonlyQ&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Stoker|first=Bram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UCRIwgEACAAJ|title=Dracula: l'homme de la nuit|date=1920|publisher=Edition française|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ndị ọzọ nke Thomas Hardy na Alice Muriel Williamson.

Ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ ahụ bụ ndị otu nri mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, &quot;Club des belles perdrix&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;4-lesrecetles-1930&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Les recettes des &quot;Belles Perdrix&quot; / recueillies par Gabrielle Reval et Maria Croci|date=1930|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9774320g/f50|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ève Paul-Margueritte nwụrụ na Limeil-Brévannes, na 16 Julaị 1971, &lt;ref name=&quot;1-acte&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acte de naissance (no. 354)|url=http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&amp;type=AEC&amp;&amp;bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&amp;vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;ref_histo=2178&amp;cote=V4E%205851|publisher=Archives de Paris (6e)|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr|date=1885}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&amp;type=AEC&amp;&amp;bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&amp;vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;ref_histo=2178&amp;cote=V4E%205851 &quot;Acte de naissance (no. 354)&quot;] (in French). Archives de Paris (6e). 1885&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;17 January&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; ma lie ya, ya na nwanne ya nwanyị, na Cimetière d'Auteuil. &lt;ref name=&quot;5-landrucimetieres&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=cimetière d'AUTEUIL|url=http://www.landrucimetieres.fr/spip/spip.php?article1544|work=www.landrucimetieres.fr|publisher=Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs|accessdate=17 January 2022|date=21 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye na nsọpụrụ ==

* 1947, Prix Jean-Jacques-Berger, maka ''Auteuil na Passy''&lt;ref name=&quot;7-prixjean&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1947|publisher=Académie française|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1947|work=francaise.fr|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1950, Prix Georges-Dupau site na Académie Française &lt;ref name=&quot;8-prixgeorges&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1950 /|publisher=Académie française|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1950|work=francaise.fr|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

=== Akwụkwọ ===
[[Faịlụ:Auteuil_et_Passy_1947_by_Eve_and_Lucie_Paul-Marguerite.jpg|thumb|''Auteuil na Passy'', 1947]]
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Div col/styles.css&quot; /&gt; 

=== Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi ===

* &quot;La Prison blanche&quot; (1917), na Collection Stella, no. 172; pụtara nke mbụ na L'Écho de Paris (1915) 
* &quot;L'Énigmatique Marielle&quot; (1933), na Les Beaux Romans dramatiques, nke 67
* &quot;Coup double&quot; (1941), na Collection Stella, nr. 516
* &quot;Le Secret d'une vendetta&quot; (1941), na Collection Stella, nr. 502

=== Nsụgharị ===
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== Edensibia ==
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Ève Paul-Margueritte (5 Febụwarị 1885 - 16 Julaị 1971) bụ onye edemede asụsụ French, onye dere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ mmetụta uche. Mgbe di ya nwụrụ, nwanne ya nwanyị, Lucie Paul-Margueritte, agbaala alụkwaghịm, ha bi ma rụkọọ ọrụ ọnụ, na-ede ma ọ dịkarịa ala akwụkwọ abụọ, na ọtụtụ nsụgharị. Ọ sụgharịrị akwụkwọ Bekee gaa na French nke Alice na Claude Askew, Thomas Hardy, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Garrett P. Serviss, Bram Stoker Lilian Turner, Paul Urquhart, na A. M. Williamson dere. Paul-Margueritte bụ onye natara &quot;Prix Jean-Jacques-Berger&quot;, maka Auteuil et Passy, ​​1947, na &quot;Prix Georges-Dupau&quot;, 1950, site na Académie Française.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Ève Antonie Paul-Margueritte &lt;ref name=&quot;0-myheritage&quot; /&gt; na 5 Febụwarị 1885, na 6th arrondissement nke Paris. &lt;ref name=&quot;1-acte&quot; /&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Paul Margueritte, nwa nwanne Victor Margueritte.

Na 1919, ọ lụrụ Charles Gaucher (1877-1927).&lt;ref name=&quot;0-myheritage&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927|url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher|work=www.myheritage.com|accessdate=17 January 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.myheritage.com/names/charles_gaucher &quot;Charles Joseph GAUCHER, 1877 - 1927&quot;]. ''www.myheritage.com''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;17 January&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;2-deuxfreres&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Paul-Margueritte|first=Ève|title=Deux frères, deux soeurs: deux époques littéraires|date=1951|publisher=J. Peyronnet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v6FDAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;3-lefigaro&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148//bpt6k292214k/f3|title=Le Figaro|accessdate=17 January 2022|date=31 July 1919}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe Ève nwụsịrị, Lucie agbaa alụkwaghịm, ụmụnne nwanyị ahụ bikọrọ ọnụ, zụlitere nwa nwoke nke mbụ ahụ ma bie ndụ site n'ihe odide ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;2-mamelouk-2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mamelouk|first=Nadia Nadja|title=Anxiety in the Border Zone: Transgressing Boundaries in Leïla: Revue Illustrée de la Femme (Tunis, 1936-1940) and in Leïla: Hebdomadaire Tunisien Indépendant (Tunis, 1940-1941)|date=2008|publisher=University of Virginia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwmsZwEACAAJ|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ya na Lucie, Paul-Margueritte sụgharịrị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Bekee, gụnyere Dracula nke Bram Stoker &lt;ref name=&quot;evewasonlyQ&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Stoker|first=Bram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UCRIwgEACAAJ|title=Dracula: l'homme de la nuit|date=1920|publisher=Edition française|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ndị ọzọ nke Thomas Hardy na Alice Muriel Williamson.

Ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ ahụ bụ ndị otu nri mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, &quot;Club des belles perdrix&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;4-lesrecetles-1930&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Les recettes des &quot;Belles Perdrix&quot; / recueillies par Gabrielle Reval et Maria Croci|date=1930|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9774320g/f50|accessdate=16 January 2022|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ève Paul-Margueritte nwụrụ na Limeil-Brévannes, na 16 Julaị 1971, &lt;ref name=&quot;1-acte&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acte de naissance (no. 354)|url=http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&amp;type=AEC&amp;&amp;bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&amp;vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;ref_histo=2178&amp;cote=V4E%205851|publisher=Archives de Paris (6e)|accessdate=17 January 2022|language=fr|date=1885}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_05851&amp;type=AEC&amp;&amp;bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1883_1892&amp;vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_05851_0063&amp;ref_histo=2178&amp;cote=V4E%205851 &quot;Acte de naissance (no. 354)&quot;] (in French). Archives de Paris (6e). 1885&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;17 January&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; ma lie ya, ya na nwanne ya nwanyị, na Cimetière d'Auteuil. &lt;ref name=&quot;5-landrucimetieres&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=cimetière d'AUTEUIL|url=http://www.landrucimetieres.fr/spip/spip.php?article1544|work=www.landrucimetieres.fr|publisher=Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs|accessdate=17 January 2022|date=21 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye na nsọpụrụ ==

* 1947, Prix Jean-Jacques-Berger, maka ''Auteuil na Passy''&lt;ref name=&quot;7-prixjean&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1947|publisher=Académie française|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1947|work=francaise.fr|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1950, Prix Georges-Dupau site na Académie Française &lt;ref name=&quot;8-prixgeorges&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rapport sur les concours littéraires de l'année 1950 /|publisher=Académie française|url=http://www.academie-francaise.fr/rapport-sur-les-concours-litteraires-de-lannee-1950|work=francaise.fr|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

=== Akwụkwọ ===
[[Faịlụ:Auteuil_et_Passy_1947_by_Eve_and_Lucie_Paul-Marguerite.jpg|thumb|''Auteuil na Passy'', 1947]]
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Div col/styles.css&quot; /&gt; 

=== Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi ===

* &quot;La Prison blanche&quot; (1917), na Collection Stella, no. 172; pụtara nke mbụ na L'Écho de Paris (1915) 
* &quot;L'Énigmatique Marielle&quot; (1933), na Les Beaux Romans dramatiques, nke 67
* &quot;Coup double&quot; (1941), na Collection Stella, nr. 516
* &quot;Le Secret d'une vendetta&quot; (1941), na Collection Stella, nr. 502

=== Nsụgharị ===
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== Edensibia ==
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  <page>
    <title>Catherine Perret</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75516</id>
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        <id>13026</id>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1293381973|Catherine Perret]]&quot;</comment>
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[[Faịlụ:Catherine_Perret.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|336x336px|Catherine Perret]]
'''Catherine Perret''' (amụrụ na 9 Julaị 1956 na Paris) bụ osote prọfesọ nke nkà ihe ọmụma na ozizi ọgbara ọhụrụ na nke oge a na Mahadum Nanterre (Paris X). O nwetara PhD ya na nkà ihe ọmụma ma a maara ya maka ọrụ ya na Walter Benjamin, ọkachasị site n'akwụkwọ ya bụ Walter Benjamin ou la critique en effet . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Massin|first=Marianne|date=2008-04-01|title=Catherine Perret. Walter Benjamin sans destin|url=https://journals.openedition.org/critiquedart/730|journal=Critique d'Art. Actualité Internationale de la Littérature Critique sur l'Art Contemporain|language=fr|issue=31|doi=10.4000/critiquedart.730|issn=1246-8258}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dr. Perret bụ onye nduzi nke Ngalaba Nkà nke Ihe Ngosi na Paris X. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi mmemme na Collège International de Philosophie site na 1995 ruo 2001. Ọ bụ onye natara aha a ma ama nke Chevalier des Palmes académiques. Ọ rụkọrọ ọrụ na Bernard Stiegler na Ars Industrialis. Dr. Perret bụ onye na-ahụ maka Centre de recherche sur l'art, philosophie, esthétique (CRéART - PHI) na Paris X.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=EPHA - Université Paris 8|url=http://epha.univ-paris8.fr/?page_id=899|work=epha.univ-paris8.fr|accessdate=2020-05-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ntụaka na ederede ==

# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akwụkwọ ozi e zuru ohi, 2007.
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] CNDP, Paris, 1998
# Akụkọ &quot; (nke a na-ebipụtaghị) maka Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọdịbendị na Mmekọrịta: Nkà nke oge a na ihe ngosi ya (2001).
# Ndị na-ebu onyinyo, mimesis na modernity, coll. Onye Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa, Ed. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
# Non Compatibles, Une peinture sans qualités, ihe ngosi nke Catherine Perret, mbipụta Les Presses du réel, Dijon, 2006

== Ihe ngosi nka a haziri ==

# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
# Non-Compatibles, ''Ihe osise na-enweghị àgwà'', Toulon, Villa Tamaris, November-January, 2005
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]

== Edensibia ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Our Digital Noology: Catherine Perret na mkparịta ụka ya na Joseph Nechvatal
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Perret, Catherine}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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        <id>13026</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349578426|Gabrielle Petit (feminist)]]&quot;</comment>
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[[Faịlụ:Gabrielle_Petit_1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Gabrielle Petit (1908) ]]
'''Gabrielle Petit''' (née '''Mathieu'''; November 26, 1860 - 1952),Ọ bụ onye France na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị, onye na-emegide ndị ụkọchukwu, onye na-akwado ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye nchịkọta akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ. N'agbanyeghị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọ bụla, ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị otu ọrụ na ndị na-akwado echiche Freethought. Ọ hiwere akwụkwọ akụkọ La Femme afranchie (Nwanyị E Nwere Onwe Ya) &lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonka2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Ivan|author=Jablonka|date=3 February 2022|title=A History of Masculinity: From Patriarchy to Gender Justice|publisher=Penguin UK|pages=|isbn=978-0-14-199371-3|oclc=1308424789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CscZEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT88}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebe ọ katọrọ ịgba akwụna. Na nzukọ, ọ kwuru banyere [[Ikike ụmụ nwanyị|nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị]], [[Ibelata ịmụ ọtụtụ ụmụ|igbochi ọmụmụ]], ihe ọjọọ nke militarism, na nkwado maka ndị ọrụ.

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Gabrielle Mathieu na Cayrols, na Nọvemba 26, 1860, &lt;ref name=&quot;Maitron&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=PETIT Gabrielle, née MATHIEU Gabrielle|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article84307|publisher=Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr|date=6 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; n'ime ezinụlọ Ndị na-egwe ihe na Cantal.&lt;ref name=&quot;Presses1999&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|year=1999|title=Les femmes sujets d'histoire: à la mémoire de Marie-France Brive|language=fr|publisher=Presses universitaires du Mirail|isbn=978-2-85816-468-4|oclc=1348149963|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lsqAAAAYAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ rụrụ ọrụ site na mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, na-enyere ndị mụrụ ya aka ma na-elekọta ewu.&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, Petit zutere iwu mbụ ya maka ịtụ nkume n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè, n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-agagharị; a tara ya na enyi ya ahụhụ. Ọ garaghị akwụkwọ, dịka o kwuru n'oge ikpe mbụ ya:— &quot;Ruo mgbe m dị afọ iri abụọ, enweghị m onye nkuzi ọzọ karịa okike, ubi, ahịhịa na ọhịa maka ọbá akwụkwọ m, akwụkwọ ndụ, nke kachasị zuru oke na nke kachasị ọhụrụ n'ihi na ọ nwere peeji ọhụrụ kwa ụbọchị. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchindler2011&quot;&gt;Schindler, Patrick (24 March 2011). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie&quot;] (in French). No.&amp;nbsp;1628. Le Monde libertaire&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x2013; via archive.wikiwix.com.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ọ kwagara na US ebe ọ mụrụ nwa nwoke tupu ya na nna ya kewaa. Ọ laghachighị France ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 32, ebe ọ zụlitere nwa ya nwoke naanị ya. N'afọ 1897, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ na asaa, ọ malitere itinye aka n'ịgbachitere na inyere ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka aka.

=== ''Nwanyị A tọhapụrụ'' ===
Mgbe ọ zutere Marguerite Durand, onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na onye guzobere akwụkwọ akụkọ La ''Fronde'', Petit tinyere aka na ọrụ mgbasa ozi.

N'ọnwa Eprel 1904, Petit guzobere La Femme affranchie, &lt;ref name=&quot;2:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=François-Olivier|author=Touati|title=Maladies, médecines et sociétés|year=1991|language=fr|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PA-TAK2s4lMC&amp;pg=PA291}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;otu akụkụ nke ndị ọrụ na-eche echiche n'onwe ha&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;3:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|first=René|author=Bianco|title=100 ans de presse anarchiste|journal=La Femme Affranchie|language=fr|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fbianco.ficedl.info%2Farticle979.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-elekọta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ruo 1913 na mgbe ahụ n'ime afọ 1930. &lt;ref name=&quot;4:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=BERTRAND Julia, Marie, Victorine|publisher=Dictionnaire des anarchistes &quot;Le Maitron&quot;|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmaitron-en-ligne.univ-paris1.fr%2Fspip.php%3Farticle153818#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ dabere na nkwado nke onye bụbu onye isi obodo, Jean Allemane, onye a chụpụrụ na New Caledonia, onye ya na ya rụkọrọ ọrụ iji dozie okwu gbasara ego akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke gụnyere ndenye aha, ire ahịa n'okporo ámá, na ire ahịa nye ndị otu na ndị na-akwado ya. Site na 1904 ruo 1907, ọtụtụ ndị edemede kwadoro otu ahụ, gụnyere onye na-akwado udo na onye na-akwado ikike nwanyị bụ Odette Laguerre na Nelly Roussel, ndị si n'ezinụlọ Katọlik bourgeois, mana mgbe ha dị afọ 20, ha kwụsịrị ụkpụrụ ezinụlọ iji tụgharịa gaa na mgba nke ikike nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;5:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Anne|author=Cova|year=2011|title=Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République|publisher=Harmattan|isbn=978-2-296-54569-4|oclc=721829187|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;pg=PP74}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'etiti ọtụtụ isiokwu ndị e mepụtara, La Femme affranchie wepụtara ọtụtụ isiokwu iji katọọ ịgba akwụna. 
 
Na mgbakwunye na ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, Gabrielle nwere nzukọ na France niile gbasara mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị na onye Neomalthusianist Paul Robin.&lt;ref name=&quot;5:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Anne|author=Cova|year=2011|title=Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République|publisher=Harmattan|isbn=978-2-296-54569-4|oclc=721829187|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;pg=PP74}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFCova2011&quot;&gt;Cova, Anne (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;pg=PP74 ''Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République'']. Harmattan. p.&amp;nbsp;74. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-2-296-54569-4|&lt;bdi&gt;978-2-296-54569-4&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/721829187 721829187].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ n'otu n'ime nzukọ ndị ahụ ka Petit zutere Julia Bertrand, onye mere ka ọ mata echiche nnwere onwe.&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchindler2011&quot;&gt;Schindler, Patrick (24 March 2011). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie&quot;] (in French). No.&amp;nbsp;1628. Le Monde libertaire&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x2013; via archive.wikiwix.com.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; Site na 1904 ruo 1910, Petit nyere nkuzi 2,000 na ngalaba 58. O kwetara na ya nwere mmasị n'ezie na Louise Michel, na-eto ya mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1905. &lt;ref name=&quot;5:frwp&quot; /&gt;

=== Ikpe nke mmegide agha ===
[[Faịlụ:Gabrielle_Petit_2.jpg|thumb|''Ndụmọdụ Nne'' (1904) ]]
N'August 1, 1907, e jidere Petit na Granges, Vosges, ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ. N'oge ikpe ya, na Nọvemba 20, 1907, &lt;ref name=&quot;7:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Jean|author=Rabaut|date=1 January 1996|title=Marguerite Durand (1864-1936): &quot;La Fronde&quot; féministe ou &quot;Le Temps&quot; en jupons|language=fr|publisher=Editions L'Harmattan|isbn=978-2-296-32051-2|oclc=988951155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XARNwxgN7H4C&amp;pg=PA106}}&lt;/ref&gt; e boro ya ebubo na o kwuru Ugwu na-emegide agha n'oge nkuzi na nke, n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè, kpaliri ndị agha ka ha ghara inupụ isi ma zuo ngwá agha. Ọ nọgidere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ruo na Febụwarị 1, 1908. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ ghọrọ onye &quot;dị ize ndụ&quot;, onye uwe ojii ma ọ bụ onye uwe ojii so ya na njem ya niile. Mana nke ahụ egbochighị Petit ịga n'ihu na-agagharị na France iji nye nkuzi, mgbe ụfọdụ atọ n'ụbọchị.

N'August 2, 1908, e jidere Petit ọzọ mgbe ọ na-akwado ndị ọrụ silk na-eme ngagharị iwe na Besançon, n'ihi na ọ na-eme mgbasa ozi na-emegide agha. Ikpe ahụ mere n'abalị iri abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;8:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cartoliste. Procès de Gabrielle Petit - Besançon, 29 Août 1908|url=https://cartoliste.ficedl.info/article1097.html?lang=fr|work=cartoliste.ficedl.info|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mara ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ ọnwa atọ,  ma tọhapụ ya na Nọvemba 13, 1908.&lt;ref name=&quot;9:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Mayeur|author=Institut Marc Sangnier|year=2006|title=Le Sillon de Marc Sangnier et la démocratie sociale: actes du colloque des 18 et 19 mars 2004, Besançon|language=fr|publisher=Presses Univ. Franche-Comté|isbn=978-2-84867-159-8|oclc=1049140942|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sIsPGcK9ChYC&amp;pg=PA80}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mbido 1913, Petit na Bertrand, na-eche egwu agha na-arịwanye elu, dere mbipụta pụrụ iche nke La Femme affranchie, ebe olu ndị na-ahụ mba n'anya na-aghọwanye ike na ime ihe ike megide ndị na-eme udo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ronsin1990&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Ronsin|year=1990|title=Les Vosgiens célèbres: dictionnaire biographique illustré|language=fr|publisher=Editions G. Louis|isbn=978-2-907016-09-4|oclc=243717630|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z2ZmAAAAMAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oge agha ===
N'afọ 1927, mgbe ọ bi na mpaghara Vosges, Lot, na Charente, onye uwe ojii na-ejikọta ya mgbe niile, e debara aha ya na Carnet B, site n'August 23, 1913. &lt;ref name=&quot;10:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=PETIT Gabrielle [née MATHIEU Gabrielle] - Maitron|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmaitron-en-ligne.univ-paris1.fr%2Fspip.php%3Farticle84307#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|work=archive.wikiwix.com|accessdate=16 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ maliteghachiri nkuzi ya banyere pacifism na ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere ịtụ vootu, ọbụlagodi na, dị ka onye na-akwado nnwere onwe, o weere na ọgụ a nwere njedebe ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchindler2011&quot;&gt;Schindler, Patrick (24 March 2011). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie&quot;] (in French). No.&amp;nbsp;1628. Le Monde libertaire&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x2013; via archive.wikiwix.com.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mbido afọ 1930, ọ sonyere na Obodo nnwere onwe  na Puch-d'Agenais, Lot-et-Garonne, nke &quot;onye na-emebi iwu&quot; [[Victor Coissac]] duziri. N'agbanyeghị afọ ndụ ya, ọ dị afọ iri asaa na atọ ugbu a, ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ọkachasị na ígwè obibi akwụkwọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;12:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Diana|author=Cooper-Richet|year=1985|title=L'exercice du bonheur, ou, Comment Victor Coissac cultiva l'utopie entre les deux guerres, dans sa communauté de l'Intégrale|publisher=Editions Champ Vallon|language=fr|pages=237–|isbn=978-2-903528-51-5|oclc=1284525745|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSaRvvX2AOsC&amp;pg=PA237}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọnwụ ==
Gabrielle Petit nwụrụ na 1952.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maitron&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=PETIT Gabrielle, née MATHIEU Gabrielle|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article84307|publisher=Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr|date=6 August 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article84307 &quot;PETIT Gabrielle, née MATHIEU Gabrielle&quot;] (in French). Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier. 6 August 2020&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* &quot;La bonne belle-mere&quot;, na Les Cahiers Féministes, nke 4, 1904&lt;ref name=&quot;Belgische1904&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Belgische bibliografie|date=1904|publisher=H. Manceaux|pages=173, 230|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=mwIDAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=RA3-PA173|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr|chapter=LITTERATURE.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Conte de Mai&quot;, na Les Cahiers Féministes, nke 5, 1904&lt;ref name=&quot;Belgische1904&quot; /&gt;
* &quot;Nwanyị nke ọdịnihu&quot;, na Les Cahiers Féministes, nke 8, 1904&lt;ref name=&quot;Belgische1904&quot; /&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Akwụkwọ ==

* ''Gabrielle Petit, devant la Cour d'assises de Nancy, 21 novembre 1907'', in Christine Bard, Grégoire Kauffmann, ''Les insoumises, la révolution féministe'', Le Monde, 2013,  . (in French)
* Anne Cova, ''Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République'', L'Harmattan, 2011,  , &lt;small&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;q=%22gabrielle+petit%22&amp;pg=PP74 online excerpts]&lt;/small&gt;. (in French)
* Christiane Demeulenaere-Douyère, ''Paul Robin. Un militant de la liberté et du bonheur'', Paris, Publisud, 1994, [https://books.google.com/books?id=CabaAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22conduit+par+Gabrielle+Petit%22 p.320]. (in French)
* Madeleine Laude, ''Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable'', Éditions du Monde libertaire, 2010,  , &lt;small&gt;[http://www.editionsmondelibertaire.org/produit.php?ref=978-291551-4407&amp;id_rubrique=17&amp;PHPSESSID=dgh55upekfm00ebkh0gfkj2rn4 editor's note] Archived 2014-09-04 at the Wayback Machine&lt;/small&gt;. (in French)
* Florence Rochefort [fr], [[Michelle Zancarini-Fournel]], ''Le pouvoir du genre : laïcités et religions, 1905-2005'', Éditions Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=NoKMOXMVXB0C&amp;dq=%22Les+Filles+de+noce%22%22Gabrielle+Petit%22&amp;pg=PA114 p.114],  . (in French)
* Patrick Schindler, ''Gabrielle Petit, l’indomptable : une femme affranchie'', Le Monde libertaire, n°1628, 24 mars 2011, &lt;small&gt;[http://www.monde-libertaire.fr/expressions/14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie full text]&lt;/small&gt;. (in French)
* Georges Ubbiali, ''Une femme affranchie. Gabrielle Petit, l’indomptable'', revue électronique Dissidences, Bibliothèque de comptes rendus, septembre 2011, &lt;small&gt;[http://revuesshs.u-bourgogne.fr/dissidences/document.php?id=1372 full text]&lt;/small&gt;.  (in French)
* Daniel Vasseur, ''Les débuts du mouvement ouvrier dans la région Belfort-Montbéliard (1870-1914)'', Annales littéraires de l'Université de Franche-Comté, 1967, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cz9ogTq5pWQC&amp;q=%22gabrielle+petit%22&amp;pg=PA137 p.137],  . (in French)
* Michelle Zancarini-Fournel, Florence Rochefort, Bibia Pavard [fr], ''Les lois Veil. Les événements fondateurs:Contraception 1974, IVG 1975'', Armand Colin, 2012, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wg2XZJxboUgC&amp;q=%22gabrielle+petit%22&amp;pg=PT30 biographical sketch]. (in French)
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[[Faịlụ:Gabrielle_Petit_1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Gabrielle Petit (1908) ]]
'''Gabrielle Petit''' (née '''Mathieu'''; November 26, 1860 - 1952),Ọ bụ onye France na-akwado ikike ụmụ nwanyị, onye na-emegide ndị ụkọchukwu, onye na-akwado ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na onye nchịkọta akụkọ akwụkwọ akụkọ. N'agbanyeghị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọ bụla, ọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị otu ọrụ na ndị na-akwado echiche Freethought. Ọ hiwere akwụkwọ akụkọ La Femme afranchie (Nwanyị E Nwere Onwe Ya) &lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonka2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Ivan|author=Jablonka|date=3 February 2022|title=A History of Masculinity: From Patriarchy to Gender Justice|publisher=Penguin UK|pages=|isbn=978-0-14-199371-3|oclc=1308424789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CscZEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT88}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebe ọ katọrọ ịgba akwụna. Na nzukọ, ọ kwuru banyere [[Ikike ụmụ nwanyị|nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị]], [[Ibelata ịmụ ọtụtụ ụmụ|igbochi ọmụmụ]], ihe ọjọọ nke militarism, na nkwado maka ndị ọrụ.

== Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ ==
A mụrụ Gabrielle Mathieu na Cayrols, na Nọvemba 26, 1860, &lt;ref name=&quot;Maitron&quot; / Ọ rụrụ ọrụ site na mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, na-enyere ndị mụrụ ya aka ma na-elekọta ewu.&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ, Petit zutere iwu mbụ ya maka ịtụ nkume n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè, n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-agagharị; a tara ya na enyi ya ahụhụ. Ọ garaghị akwụkwọ, dịka o kwuru n'oge ikpe mbụ ya:— &quot;Ruo mgbe m dị afọ iri abụọ, enweghị m onye nkuzi ọzọ karịa okike, ubi, ahịhịa na ọhịa maka ọbá akwụkwọ m, akwụkwọ ndụ, nke kachasị zuru oke na nke kachasị ọhụrụ n'ihi na ọ nwere peeji ọhụrụ kwa ụbọchị. &quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchindler2011&quot;&gt;Schindler, Patrick (24 March 2011). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie&quot;] (in French). No.&amp;nbsp;1628. Le Monde libertaire&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x2013; via archive.wikiwix.com.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ọ kwagara na US ebe ọ mụrụ nwa nwoke tupu ya na nna ya kewaa. Ọ laghachighị France ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 32, ebe ọ zụlitere nwa ya nwoke naanị ya. N'afọ 1897, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ na asaa, ọ malitere itinye aka n'ịgbachitere na inyere ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka aka.

=== ''Nwanyị A tọhapụrụ'' ===
Mgbe ọ zutere Marguerite Durand, onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na onye guzobere akwụkwọ akụkọ La ''Fronde'', Petit tinyere aka na ọrụ mgbasa ozi.

N'ọnwa Eprel 1904, Petit guzobere La Femme affranchie, &lt;ref name=&quot;2:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=François-Olivier|author=Touati|title=Maladies, médecines et sociétés|year=1991|language=fr|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PA-TAK2s4lMC&amp;pg=PA291}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;otu akụkụ nke ndị ọrụ na-eche echiche n'onwe ha&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;3:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|first=René|author=Bianco|title=100 ans de presse anarchiste|journal=La Femme Affranchie|language=fr|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fbianco.ficedl.info%2Farticle979.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-elekọta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ ruo 1913 na mgbe ahụ n'ime afọ 1930. &lt;ref name=&quot;4:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=BERTRAND Julia, Marie, Victorine|publisher=Dictionnaire des anarchistes &quot;Le Maitron&quot;|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmaitron-en-ligne.univ-paris1.fr%2Fspip.php%3Farticle153818#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ dabere na nkwado nke onye bụbu onye isi obodo, Jean Allemane, onye a chụpụrụ na New Caledonia, onye ya na ya rụkọrọ ọrụ iji dozie okwu gbasara ego akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke gụnyere ndenye aha, ire ahịa n'okporo ámá, na ire ahịa nye ndị otu na ndị na-akwado ya. Site na 1904 ruo 1907, ọtụtụ ndị edemede kwadoro otu ahụ, gụnyere onye na-akwado udo na onye na-akwado ikike nwanyị bụ Odette Laguerre na Nelly Roussel, ndị si n'ezinụlọ Katọlik bourgeois, mana mgbe ha dị afọ 20, ha kwụsịrị ụkpụrụ ezinụlọ iji tụgharịa gaa na mgba nke ikike nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;5:frwp&quot; /&gt;

N'etiti ọtụtụ isiokwu ndị e mepụtara, La Femme affranchie wepụtara ọtụtụ isiokwu iji katọọ ịgba akwụna. 
 
Na mgbakwunye na ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, Gabrielle nwere nzukọ na France niile gbasara mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị na onye Neomalthusianist Paul Robin.&lt;ref name=&quot;5:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Anne|author=Cova|year=2011|title=Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République|publisher=Harmattan|isbn=978-2-296-54569-4|oclc=721829187|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;pg=PP74}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFCova2011&quot;&gt;Cova, Anne (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;pg=PP74 ''Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République'']. Harmattan. p.&amp;nbsp;74. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-2-296-54569-4|&lt;bdi&gt;978-2-296-54569-4&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/721829187 721829187].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ n'otu n'ime nzukọ ndị ahụ ka Petit zutere Julia Bertrand, onye mere ka ọ mata echiche nnwere onwe.&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchindler2011&quot;&gt;Schindler, Patrick (24 March 2011). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie&quot;] (in French). No.&amp;nbsp;1628. Le Monde libertaire&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x2013; via archive.wikiwix.com.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; Site na 1904 ruo 1910, Petit nyere nkuzi 2,000 na ngalaba 58. O kwetara na ya nwere mmasị n'ezie na Louise Michel, na-eto ya mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1905. &lt;ref name=&quot;5:frwp&quot; /&gt;

=== Ikpe nke mmegide agha ===
[[Faịlụ:Gabrielle_Petit_2.jpg|thumb|''Ndụmọdụ Nne'' (1904) ]]
N'August 1, 1907, e jidere Petit na Granges, Vosges, ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ. N'oge ikpe ya, na Nọvemba 20, 1907, &lt;ref name=&quot;7:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Jean|author=Rabaut|date=1 January 1996|title=Marguerite Durand (1864-1936): &quot;La Fronde&quot; féministe ou &quot;Le Temps&quot; en jupons|language=fr|publisher=Editions L'Harmattan|isbn=978-2-296-32051-2|oclc=988951155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XARNwxgN7H4C&amp;pg=PA106}}&lt;/ref&gt; e boro ya ebubo na o kwuru Ugwu na-emegide agha n'oge nkuzi na nke, n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè, kpaliri ndị agha ka ha ghara inupụ isi ma zuo ngwá agha. Ọ nọgidere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ruo na Febụwarị 1, 1908. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ ghọrọ onye &quot;dị ize ndụ&quot;, onye uwe ojii ma ọ bụ onye uwe ojii so ya na njem ya niile. Mana nke ahụ egbochighị Petit ịga n'ihu na-agagharị na France iji nye nkuzi, mgbe ụfọdụ atọ n'ụbọchị.

N'August 2, 1908, e jidere Petit ọzọ mgbe ọ na-akwado ndị ọrụ silk na-eme ngagharị iwe na Besançon, n'ihi na ọ na-eme mgbasa ozi na-emegide agha. Ikpe ahụ mere n'abalị iri abụọ na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;8:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cartoliste. Procès de Gabrielle Petit - Besançon, 29 Août 1908|url=https://cartoliste.ficedl.info/article1097.html?lang=fr|work=cartoliste.ficedl.info|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mara ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ ọnwa atọ,  ma tọhapụ ya na Nọvemba 13, 1908.&lt;ref name=&quot;9:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Mayeur|author=Institut Marc Sangnier|year=2006|title=Le Sillon de Marc Sangnier et la démocratie sociale: actes du colloque des 18 et 19 mars 2004, Besançon|language=fr|publisher=Presses Univ. Franche-Comté|isbn=978-2-84867-159-8|oclc=1049140942|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sIsPGcK9ChYC&amp;pg=PA80}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mbido 1913, Petit na Bertrand, na-eche egwu agha na-arịwanye elu, dere mbipụta pụrụ iche nke La Femme affranchie, ebe olu ndị na-ahụ mba n'anya na-aghọwanye ike na ime ihe ike megide ndị na-eme udo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ronsin1990&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor=Ronsin|year=1990|title=Les Vosgiens célèbres: dictionnaire biographique illustré|language=fr|publisher=Editions G. Louis|isbn=978-2-907016-09-4|oclc=243717630|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z2ZmAAAAMAAJ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oge agha ===
N'afọ 1927, mgbe ọ bi na mpaghara Vosges, Lot, na Charente, onye uwe ojii na-ejikọta ya mgbe niile, e debara aha ya na Carnet B, site n'August 23, 1913. &lt;ref name=&quot;10:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=PETIT Gabrielle [née MATHIEU Gabrielle] - Maitron|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmaitron-en-ligne.univ-paris1.fr%2Fspip.php%3Farticle84307#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|work=archive.wikiwix.com|accessdate=16 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ maliteghachiri nkuzi ya banyere pacifism na ikike ụmụ nwanyị nwere ịtụ vootu, ọbụlagodi na, dị ka onye na-akwado nnwere onwe, o weere na ọgụ a nwere njedebe ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;1:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Patrick|author=Schindler|title=Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie|publisher=Le Monde libertaire|date=24 March 2011|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSchindler2011&quot;&gt;Schindler, Patrick (24 March 2011). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-libertaire.fr%2Fexpressions%2F14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Expressions - Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable : une femme affranchie&quot;] (in French). No.&amp;nbsp;1628. Le Monde libertaire&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x2013; via archive.wikiwix.com.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mbido afọ 1930, ọ sonyere na Obodo nnwere onwe  na Puch-d'Agenais, Lot-et-Garonne, nke &quot;onye na-emebi iwu&quot; [[Victor Coissac]] duziri. N'agbanyeghị afọ ndụ ya, ọ dị afọ iri asaa na atọ ugbu a, ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ọkachasị na ígwè obibi akwụkwọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;12:frwp&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Diana|author=Cooper-Richet|year=1985|title=L'exercice du bonheur, ou, Comment Victor Coissac cultiva l'utopie entre les deux guerres, dans sa communauté de l'Intégrale|publisher=Editions Champ Vallon|language=fr|pages=237–|isbn=978-2-903528-51-5|oclc=1284525745|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSaRvvX2AOsC&amp;pg=PA237}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọnwụ ==
Gabrielle Petit nwụrụ na 1952.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maitron&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=PETIT Gabrielle, née MATHIEU Gabrielle|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article84307|publisher=Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr|date=6 August 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article84307 &quot;PETIT Gabrielle, née MATHIEU Gabrielle&quot;] (in French). Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier. 6 August 2020&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;16 January&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* &quot;La bonne belle-mere&quot;, na Les Cahiers Féministes, nke 4, 1904&lt;ref name=&quot;Belgische1904&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Belgische bibliografie|date=1904|publisher=H. Manceaux|pages=173, 230|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=mwIDAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=RA3-PA173|accessdate=16 January 2023|language=fr|chapter=LITTERATURE.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;Conte de Mai&quot;, na Les Cahiers Féministes, nke 5, 1904&lt;ref name=&quot;Belgische1904&quot; /&gt;
* &quot;Nwanyị nke ọdịnihu&quot;, na Les Cahiers Féministes, nke 8, 1904&lt;ref name=&quot;Belgische1904&quot; /&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Akwụkwọ ==

* ''Gabrielle Petit, devant la Cour d'assises de Nancy, 21 novembre 1907'', in Christine Bard, Grégoire Kauffmann, ''Les insoumises, la révolution féministe'', Le Monde, 2013,  . (in French)
* Anne Cova, ''Féminismes et néo-malthusianismes sous la Troisième République'', L'Harmattan, 2011,  , &lt;small&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=y5qtOAFZZSoC&amp;q=%22gabrielle+petit%22&amp;pg=PP74 online excerpts]&lt;/small&gt;. (in French)
* Christiane Demeulenaere-Douyère, ''Paul Robin. Un militant de la liberté et du bonheur'', Paris, Publisud, 1994, [https://books.google.com/books?id=CabaAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22conduit+par+Gabrielle+Petit%22 p.320]. (in French)
* Madeleine Laude, ''Gabrielle Petit, l'indomptable'', Éditions du Monde libertaire, 2010,  , &lt;small&gt;[http://www.editionsmondelibertaire.org/produit.php?ref=978-291551-4407&amp;id_rubrique=17&amp;PHPSESSID=dgh55upekfm00ebkh0gfkj2rn4 editor's note] Archived 2014-09-04 at the Wayback Machine&lt;/small&gt;. (in French)
* Florence Rochefort [fr], [[Michelle Zancarini-Fournel]], ''Le pouvoir du genre : laïcités et religions, 1905-2005'', Éditions Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=NoKMOXMVXB0C&amp;dq=%22Les+Filles+de+noce%22%22Gabrielle+Petit%22&amp;pg=PA114 p.114],  . (in French)
* Patrick Schindler, ''Gabrielle Petit, l’indomptable : une femme affranchie'', Le Monde libertaire, n°1628, 24 mars 2011, &lt;small&gt;[http://www.monde-libertaire.fr/expressions/14397-gabrielle-petit-lindomptable-une-femme-affranchie full text]&lt;/small&gt;. (in French)
* Georges Ubbiali, ''Une femme affranchie. Gabrielle Petit, l’indomptable'', revue électronique Dissidences, Bibliothèque de comptes rendus, septembre 2011, &lt;small&gt;[http://revuesshs.u-bourgogne.fr/dissidences/document.php?id=1372 full text]&lt;/small&gt;.  (in French)
* Daniel Vasseur, ''Les débuts du mouvement ouvrier dans la région Belfort-Montbéliard (1870-1914)'', Annales littéraires de l'Université de Franche-Comté, 1967, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cz9ogTq5pWQC&amp;q=%22gabrielle+petit%22&amp;pg=PA137 p.137],  . (in French)
* Michelle Zancarini-Fournel, Florence Rochefort, Bibia Pavard [fr], ''Les lois Veil. Les événements fondateurs:Contraception 1974, IVG 1975'', Armand Colin, 2012, [https://books.google.com/books?id=wg2XZJxboUgC&amp;q=%22gabrielle+petit%22&amp;pg=PT30 biographical sketch]. (in French)
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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'''Monique Pantel''' (11 Disemba 1932 - 7 Eprel 2021) bụ onye France na-enyocha ihe nkiri na onye nta akụkọ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na RTL, France Inter na Europe 1 . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lefilmfrancais.com/cinema/151338/disparition-de-la-journaliste-et-critique-de-cinema-monique-pantel|title=Disparition de la journaliste et critique de cinéma Monique Pantel|work=Le Film Français}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/article/television/82993/rtl-monique-pantel-interviendra-occasionnellement-dans-les-grosses-tetes.html|title=RTL : Monique Pantel interviendra occasionnellement dans Les Grosses têtes|date=July 30, 2014|work=tvmag.lefigaro.fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A mụrụ ya n'ezinụlọ ndị na-elekọta ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, ọ hapụrụ Mont-de-Marsan ka ọ bụrụ onye na-anabata ndị ọbịa na ụlọ oriri na nkwari akụ na England, mgbe ahụ na Paris.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Monique Pantel, une Landaise à ParisCet accent qui fait rire Paris|url=https://www.sudouest.fr/2014/07/30/monique-pantel-une-landaise-a-pariscet-accent-qui-fait-rire-paris-1628604-2485.php|accessdate=2021-04-18|work=SudOuest.fr|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere onye na-ede egwuregwu Jacques Audiberti, maka nkwekọrịta odeakwụkwọ, wee bụrụ onye ibe ya  n'ime afọ atọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=1999-07-19|title=&quot; Panpan &quot; fait toujours son cinéma|work=Sud-Ouest}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Magné|first=Régine|date=1994-09-29|title=De l'hôtel Richelieu au Paris littéraire|work=Sud-Ouest}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ kpọbatara ya na Akwụkwọ akụkọ Paris-Presse  na July 1964, ọ na-edekwa maka ngalaba ntụrụndụ nke France-Soir mgbe njikọta nke akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; N'ebe ahụ, onye nta akụkọ na-enweghị omume ọma, na-emekarị ihe na-adịghị mma,  na-ewere aha njirimara nke &quot;Panpan&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=1999-05-25|title=Monique Pantel : Depardieu, mon chouchou|work=Le Figaro}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ọ gbara ọtụtụ ndị America na-eme ihe nkiri ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe ha bịara France: Arnold Schwarzenegger, Richard Gere, Shirley MacLaine, wdg.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Pantel|first=Monique|date=2016-04-17|title=Meeting the other Monique Pantel|url=http://www.pantelphoto.com/blog/2016/4/17/meeting-the-other-monique-pantel|accessdate=2021-04-18|work=Pantel Photo|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=L'album photos de Monique Pantel|url=http://monique.pantel.free.fr/Photos.php|accessdate=2021-04-18|work=monique.pantel.free.fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe akwụkwọ mbụ ya na 1994, a ọkachamara ya ka ọ na mmemme redio Laurent Ruquier, onye nwere ekele maka ikwu okwu ihu na ihu ọchị ya, ma nye ya oku nke Ememme Deauville, na 1997., &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2003-10-28|title=Comme au cinéma l'émission|url=https://www.ina.fr/video/2426173001015|work=[[Institut national de l'audiovisuel]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebe ọ na-enye echiche ya banyere ihe nkiri ndị e wepụtara n'izu ahụ, ruo 2014. N'afọ 1999, o bipụtara akwụkwọ ncheta na akụkọ banyere ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri, Panpan fait son cinoche . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Caballero|first=Óscar|date=1999-09-08|title=Dama y &quot;enfant terrible&quot;|work=[[La Vanguardia]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;Mgbe Laurent Ruquier iche iche ihe ngosi Les Grosses Têtes na RTL na September 2014, a na-akpọ Monique Pantel mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka onye ọbịa iji nye echiche ya na ekwentị na otu ihe nkiri

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Geffray|first=Emilie|date=2014-07-30|title=RTL : Monique Pantel interviendra occasionnellement dans Les Grosses têtes|url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/article/television/82993/rtl-monique-pantel-interviendra-occasionnellement-dans-les-grosses-tetes.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 7 Eprel 2021 na Paris, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Avis de décès de Madame Monique PANTEL (07 avril 2021) à Paris|url=https://www.avis-de-deces.net/avis-de-deces/ile-de-france/75-paris/75014-paris/pantel-monique-2021-04-07-gQy29gPIs5uXRpaopLpg0/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lefilmfrancais.com/cinema/151338/disparition-de-la-journaliste-et-critique-de-cinema-monique-pantel|title=Disparition de la journaliste et critique de cinéma Monique Pantel|work=Le Film Français}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.lefilmfrancais.com/cinema/151338/disparition-de-la-journaliste-et-critique-de-cinema-monique-pantel &quot;Disparition de la journaliste et critique de cinéma Monique Pantel&quot;]. ''Le Film Français''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; mgbe ọ dị afọ 88, a na-akwụ ya ụtụ na netwọk mmekọrịta, ọkachasị Laurent Ruquier &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Biondi-Maugey|first=Renaud|date=2021-04-15|title=Mort de Monique Pantel, critique de cinéma originaire de Mont-de-Marsan|url=https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/medias-people/mort-de-monique-pantal-critique-de-cinema-originaire-de-mont-de-marsan-1618493418|work=[[France Bleu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Cannes Film Festival Gilles Jacob. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-10-14|title=Gilles Jacob, former president of the Cannes Film Festival, announces the death of Monique Pantel|url=https://twitter.com/jajacobbi/status/1382429903535140868|work=[[Twitter]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ==

* 1994: La Chemise de nuit, mbipụta Anne Carrière (nke e bipụtara ọzọ na 2007) 
* 1996: Des kissers pour l'hiver, mbipụta Anne Carrière
* 1999: Panpan fait son cinéma, mbipụta Anne Carrière

== Ihe nkiri ==

* 1981: L'Amour trop fort nke Daniel Duval dere
* 1990: ''Tatie Danielle'' nke Étienne Chatiliez

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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'''Monique Pantel''' (11 Disemba 1932 - 7 Eprel 2021) bụ onye France na-enyocha ihe nkiri na onye nta akụkọ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na RTL, France Inter na Europe 1 . &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/article/television/82993/rtl-monique-pantel-interviendra-occasionnellement-dans-les-grosses-tetes.html|title=RTL : Monique Pantel interviendra occasionnellement dans Les Grosses têtes|date=July 30, 2014|work=tvmag.lefigaro.fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A mụrụ ya n'ezinụlọ ndị na-elekọta ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, ọ hapụrụ Mont-de-Marsan ka ọ bụrụ onye na-anabata ndị ọbịa na ụlọ oriri na nkwari akụ na England, mgbe ahụ na Paris.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Monique Pantel, une Landaise à ParisCet accent qui fait rire Paris|url=https://www.sudouest.fr/2014/07/30/monique-pantel-une-landaise-a-pariscet-accent-qui-fait-rire-paris-1628604-2485.php|accessdate=2021-04-18|work=SudOuest.fr|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere onye na-ede egwuregwu Jacques Audiberti, maka nkwekọrịta odeakwụkwọ, wee bụrụ onye ibe ya  n'ime afọ atọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=1999-07-19|title=&quot; Panpan &quot; fait toujours son cinéma|work=Sud-Ouest}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Magné|first=Régine|date=1994-09-29|title=De l'hôtel Richelieu au Paris littéraire|work=Sud-Ouest}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ kpọbatara ya na Akwụkwọ akụkọ Paris-Presse  na July 1964, ọ na-edekwa maka ngalaba ntụrụndụ nke France-Soir mgbe njikọta nke akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; N'ebe ahụ, onye nta akụkọ na-enweghị omume ọma, na-emekarị ihe na-adịghị mma,  na-ewere aha njirimara nke &quot;Panpan&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=1999-05-25|title=Monique Pantel : Depardieu, mon chouchou|work=Le Figaro}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ọ gbara ọtụtụ ndị America na-eme ihe nkiri ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe ha bịara France: Arnold Schwarzenegger, Richard Gere, Shirley MacLaine, wdg.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Pantel|first=Monique|date=2016-04-17|title=Meeting the other Monique Pantel|url=http://www.pantelphoto.com/blog/2016/4/17/meeting-the-other-monique-pantel|accessdate=2021-04-18|work=Pantel Photo|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=L'album photos de Monique Pantel|url=http://monique.pantel.free.fr/Photos.php|accessdate=2021-04-18|work=monique.pantel.free.fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe akwụkwọ mbụ ya na 1994, a ọkachamara ya ka ọ na mmemme redio Laurent Ruquier, onye nwere ekele maka ikwu okwu ihu na ihu ọchị ya, ma nye ya oku nke Ememme Deauville, na 1997., &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2003-10-28|title=Comme au cinéma l'émission|url=https://www.ina.fr/video/2426173001015|work=[[Institut national de l'audiovisuel]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebe ọ na-enye echiche ya banyere ihe nkiri ndị e wepụtara n'izu ahụ, ruo 2014. N'afọ 1999, o bipụtara akwụkwọ ncheta na akụkọ banyere ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri, Panpan fait son cinoche . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Caballero|first=Óscar|date=1999-09-08|title=Dama y &quot;enfant terrible&quot;|work=[[La Vanguardia]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;Mgbe Laurent Ruquier iche iche ihe ngosi Les Grosses Têtes na RTL na September 2014, a na-akpọ Monique Pantel mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka onye ọbịa iji nye echiche ya na ekwentị na otu ihe nkiri

&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Geffray|first=Emilie|date=2014-07-30|title=RTL : Monique Pantel interviendra occasionnellement dans Les Grosses têtes|url=https://tvmag.lefigaro.fr/programme-tv/article/television/82993/rtl-monique-pantel-interviendra-occasionnellement-dans-les-grosses-tetes.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 7 Eprel 2021 na Paris, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Avis de décès de Madame Monique PANTEL (07 avril 2021) à Paris|url=https://www.avis-de-deces.net/avis-de-deces/ile-de-france/75-paris/75014-paris/pantel-monique-2021-04-07-gQy29gPIs5uXRpaopLpg0/}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lefilmfrancais.com/cinema/151338/disparition-de-la-journaliste-et-critique-de-cinema-monique-pantel|title=Disparition de la journaliste et critique de cinéma Monique Pantel|work=Le Film Français}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.lefilmfrancais.com/cinema/151338/disparition-de-la-journaliste-et-critique-de-cinema-monique-pantel &quot;Disparition de la journaliste et critique de cinéma Monique Pantel&quot;]. ''Le Film Français''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; mgbe ọ dị afọ 88, a na-akwụ ya ụtụ na netwọk mmekọrịta, ọkachasị Laurent Ruquier &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Biondi-Maugey|first=Renaud|date=2021-04-15|title=Mort de Monique Pantel, critique de cinéma originaire de Mont-de-Marsan|url=https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/medias-people/mort-de-monique-pantal-critique-de-cinema-originaire-de-mont-de-marsan-1618493418|work=[[France Bleu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Cannes Film Festival Gilles Jacob. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-10-14|title=Gilles Jacob, former president of the Cannes Film Festival, announces the death of Monique Pantel|url=https://twitter.com/jajacobbi/status/1382429903535140868|work=[[Twitter]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ==

* 1994: La Chemise de nuit, mbipụta Anne Carrière (nke e bipụtara ọzọ na 2007) 
* 1996: Des kissers pour l'hiver, mbipụta Anne Carrière
* 1999: Panpan fait son cinéma, mbipụta Anne Carrière

== Ihe nkiri ==

* 1981: L'Amour trop fort nke Daniel Duval dere
* 1990: ''Tatie Danielle'' nke Étienne Chatiliez

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>9aouglg57l6bhupyksz0esw88fkjyag</sha1>
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  <page>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1291719294|Claire Parnet]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Claire Parnet''' ( []; amụrụ 1953) bụ onye nta akụkọ French.{{IPA|fr|paʁnɛ|lang}}{{IPA|fr|paʁnɛ|lang}}{{IPA|fr|paʁnɛ|lang}}

Ọ bụ onye a ma maka iso Gilles Deleuze (onye bụbu onye nkuzi ya) dee akwụkwọ Dialogues (1977).  Ọ bụ akwụkwọ, nke nwere ike, ebe onye edemede ọ lla na-azaghachi site n'inye aka na ederede..&lt;ref name=&quot;liberation.fr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065|title=&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;|work=Libération.fr|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;Afọ iri na otu ka e ịhụ, Parnet mere ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị ọhụrụ site n'iso Deleuze mee ihe omume mgbanwe a na-akpọ L'Abécédaire de Gilles Deleuze (The ABCs of Gilles Deleuz) ebe ọ gwara onye ọkà ihe ahụ ka ọ kwuo okwu iri abụọ na ise e n'usoro ọmụmụ akwụkwọ.

&lt;ref name=&quot;liberation.fr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065|title=&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;|work=Libération.fr|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065 &quot;&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;&quot;]. ''Libération.fr''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8 July&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.multitudes.net/05/|title=&quot;Il a pressenti la domination du visuel&quot;|work=multitudes.net|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ ndị 1980 ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ L'Autre . &lt;ref name=&quot;liberation.fr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065|title=&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;|work=Libération.fr|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065 &quot;&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;&quot;]. ''Libération.fr''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8 July&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O mechara bụrụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe ngosi ọdịnala telivishọn dị ka L'Hebdo nke Michel Field na L'Appartement (ya na Ariel Wizman) na-agbasa na Canal +.

Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ maka mmemme edemede nke netwọk telivishọn French France 5.

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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'''Claire Parnet''' ( []; amụrụ 1953) bụ onye nta akụkọ French.{{IPA|fr|paʁnɛ|lang}}{{IPA|fr|paʁnɛ|lang}}{{IPA|fr|paʁnɛ|lang}}

Ọ bụ onye a ma maka iso Gilles Deleuze (onye bụbu onye nkuzi ya) dee akwụkwọ Dialogues (1977).  Ọ bụ akwụkwọ, nke nwere ike, ebe onye edemede ọ lla na-azaghachi site n'inye aka na ederede..&lt;ref name=&quot;/&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065|title=&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;|work=Libération.fr|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;Afọ iri na otu ka e ịhụ, Parnet mere ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị ọhụrụ site n'iso Deleuze mee ihe omume mgbanwe a na-akpọ L'Abécédaire de Gilles Deleuze (The ABCs of Gilles Deleuz) ebe ọ gwara onye ọkà ihe ahụ ka ọ kwuo okwu iri abụọ na ise e n'usoro ọmụmụ akwụkwọ.

&lt;ref name=&quot;liberation.fr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065|title=&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;|work=Libération.fr|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065 &quot;&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;&quot;]. ''Libération.fr''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8 July&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.multitudes.net/05/|title=&quot;Il a pressenti la domination du visuel&quot;|work=multitudes.net|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ ndị 1980 ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ L'Autre . &lt;ref name=&quot;liberation.fr&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065|title=&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;|work=Libération.fr|accessdate=8 July 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.liberation.fr/culture/1997/03/03/allumez-la-loupiote-et-allez-hop-ca-tourne_201065 &quot;&quot;Allumez la loupiote et allez hop! Ça tourne&quot;&quot;]. ''Libération.fr''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8 July&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O mechara bụrụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe ngosi ọdịnala telivishọn dị ka L'Hebdo nke Michel Field na L'Appartement (ya na Ariel Wizman) na-agbasa na Canal +.

Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ maka mmemme edemede nke netwọk telivishọn French France 5.

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Françoise Parturier</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Ginikanwachimamkpa</username>
        <id>61353</id>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1286957379|Françoise Parturier]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Françoise Parturier''' (1919&lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/northeasterndict0000uglo|title=The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography|publisher=UPNE|author=Uglow|first=Jennifer S|year=1999|isbn=155553421X}}&lt;/ref&gt; - 12 August 1995) bụ onye edemede na onye nta akụkọ French. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ &quot;ihe nnọchianya&quot; maka Académie Française na 1970. 

Nwa nwanne nke njikere, akwụkwọ ya na Paris ma akwụkwọ na Mahadum Paris.  N'afọ 1947, ọ ngosi Jean Gatichon.&lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/northeasterndict0000uglo|title=The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography|publisher=UPNE|author=Uglow|first=Jennifer S|year=1999|isbn=155553421X}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFUglowHinton,_FrancesHendry,_Maggy1999&quot;&gt;Uglow, Jennifer S; Hinton, Frances; Hendry, Maggy (1999). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo|''The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography'']]&lt;/span&gt;. UPNE. p.&amp;nbsp;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo/page/421|421]]. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/155553421X|&lt;bdi&gt;155553421X&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-ahụ ọrụ ode mgbe Agha nsogbu nke amaghị.  Site na 1950 ruo 1951, Parturier akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nke oge a na United States.  Ọ bụ onye na-enye egwu mgbe niile na Le Figaro site na 1956 ruo 1975. Parturier dere akwụkwọ atọ ya na Josette Raoul-Duval n'okpuru aha &quot;Nicole&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;lanneau&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=chuGtBjreDUC&amp;pg=PA473|title=L'inconnue française: la France et les Belges francophones, 1944-1945|author=Lanneau|first=Catherine|year=2008|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=978-9052013978|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1959, ọ malitere ide ihe n'aha nke ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot; /&gt;

Parturier nwụrụ na Neuilly mgbe ọ dị afọ 75.&lt;ref name=&quot;humanite&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.humanite.fr/node/110801|title=Décès de l'écrivain Françoise Parturier|work=L'humanité|date=August 15, 1995}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

* Les Lions sont lâchés (1955) na Josette Raoul-Duval dị ka &quot;Nicole&quot;; 1961 film
* L'Amant de cinq jours (1959); 1971 film&lt;ref name=&quot;humanite&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.humanite.fr/node/110801|title=Décès de l'écrivain Françoise Parturier|work=L'humanité|date=August 15, 1995}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.humanite.fr/node/110801 &quot;Décès de l'écrivain Françoise Parturier&quot;]. ''L'humanité''. August 15, 1995.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Marianne gwara m'' (1963) 
* ''Akwụkwọ ozi e degaara ụmụ nwoke'' (1968) 
* ''Ịhụnanya? Obi ụtọ?  '' (1968)
* ''Akwụkwọ ozi e degaara ụmụ nwanyị'' (1974) 
* ''Akwụkwọ Ozi si Ireland'' (1979) 
* ''Ugwu Ramatuelle'' (1983) &lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/northeasterndict0000uglo|title=The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography|publisher=UPNE|author=Uglow|first=Jennifer S|year=1999|isbn=155553421X}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFUglowHinton,_FrancesHendry,_Maggy1999&quot;&gt;Uglow, Jennifer S; Hinton, Frances; Hendry, Maggy (1999). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo|''The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography'']]&lt;/span&gt;. UPNE. p.&amp;nbsp;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo/page/421|421]]. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/155553421X|&lt;bdi&gt;155553421X&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>632810</id>
      <parentid>632809</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T20:09:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ginikanwachimamkpa</username>
        <id>61353</id>
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      <text bytes="3554" sha1="6bhl0ys2az535yoiqr74b5q0bjkkydo" xml:space="preserve">
'''Françoise Parturier''' (1919&lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/northeasterndict0000uglo|title=The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography|publisher=UPNE|author=Uglow|first=Jennifer S|year=1999|isbn=155553421X}}&lt;/ref&gt; - 12 August 1995) bụ onye edemede na onye nta akụkọ French. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ &quot;ihe nnọchianya&quot; maka Académie Française na 1970. 

Nwa nwanne nke njikere, akwụkwọ ya na Paris ma akwụkwọ na Mahadum Paris.  N'afọ 1947, ọ ngosi Jean Gatichon.&lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/northeasterndict0000uglo|title=The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography|publisher=UPNE|author=Uglow|first=Jennifer S|year=1999|isbn=155553421X}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFUglowHinton,_FrancesHendry,_Maggy1999&quot;&gt;Uglow, Jennifer S; Hinton, Frances; Hendry, Maggy (1999). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo|''The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography'']]&lt;/span&gt;. UPNE. p.&amp;nbsp;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo/page/421|421]]. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/155553421X|&lt;bdi&gt;155553421X&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-ahụ ọrụ ode mgbe Agha nsogbu nke amaghị.  Site na 1950 ruo 1951, Parturier akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nke oge a na United States.  Ọ bụ onye na-enye egwu mgbe niile na Le Figaro site na 1956 ruo 1975. Parturier dere akwụkwọ atọ ya na Josette Raoul-Duval n'okpuru aha &quot;Nicole&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;lanneau&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=chuGtBjreDUC&amp;pg=PA473|title=L'inconnue française: la France et les Belges francophones, 1944-1945|author=Lanneau|first=Catherine|year=2008|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=978-9052013978|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1959, ọ malitere ide ihe n'aha nke ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot; /&gt;

Parturier nwụrụ na Neuilly mgbe ọ dị afọ 75.&lt;ref name=&quot;humanite&quot;/&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.humanite.fr/node/110801|title=Décès de l'écrivain Françoise Parturier|work=L'humanité|date=August 15, 1995}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

* Les Lions sont lâchés (1955) na Josette Raoul-Duval dị ka &quot;Nicole&quot;; 1961 film
* L'Amant de cinq jours (1959); 1971 film&lt;ref name=&quot;humanite&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.humanite.fr/node/110801|title=Décès de l'écrivain Françoise Parturier|work=L'humanité|date=August 15, 1995}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.humanite.fr/node/110801 &quot;Décès de l'écrivain Françoise Parturier&quot;]. ''L'humanité''. August 15, 1995.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Marianne gwara m'' (1963) 
* ''Akwụkwọ ozi e degaara ụmụ nwoke'' (1968) 
* ''Ịhụnanya? Obi ụtọ?  '' (1968)
* ''Akwụkwọ ozi e degaara ụmụ nwanyị'' (1974) 
* ''Akwụkwọ Ozi si Ireland'' (1979) 
* ''Ugwu Ramatuelle'' (1983) &lt;ref name=&quot;uglow&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/northeasterndict0000uglo|title=The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography|publisher=UPNE|author=Uglow|first=Jennifer S|year=1999|isbn=155553421X}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFUglowHinton,_FrancesHendry,_Maggy1999&quot;&gt;Uglow, Jennifer S; Hinton, Frances; Hendry, Maggy (1999). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-registration&quot; title=&quot;Free registration required&quot;&gt;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo|''The Northeastern Dictionary of Women's Biography'']]&lt;/span&gt;. UPNE. p.&amp;nbsp;[[iarchive:northeasterndict0000uglo/page/421|421]]. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/155553421X|&lt;bdi&gt;155553421X&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Pascale Petit (onye na-ede uri)</title>
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        <username>Chinemeremprince</username>
        <id>13026</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342900367|Pascale Petit (poet)]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Pascale Petit''' (amụrụ na 20 Disemba 1953), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pascale Petit|url=http://lidiavianu.scriptmania.com/pascale_petit.htm|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=lidiavianu.scriptmania.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye Britain na-ede uri nke a mụrụ na France, nke nwere ihe nketa French, Welsh na India. A mụrụ ya na Paris ma tolite na France na Wales. Ọ zụrụ ọzụzụ dị ka onye na-akpụ ihe na Royal College of Art ma bụrụ onye na-ese ihe anya maka akụkụ mbụ nke ndụ ya. Ọ gara ọtụtụ ebe, ọkachasị na Peruvian na Venezuelan Amazon na India. 

Petit ebipụtala otu akwụkwọ akụkọ na nchịkọta uri itoolu, anọ n'ime ha bụ ndị e depụtara maka onyinye T. S. Eliot. Nchịkọta nke asaa ya Mama Amazonica meriri Ondaatje Prize na 2018 na Laurel Prize for Poetry na 2020. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Petit takes inaugural Laurel Prize for Mama Amazonica {{!}} The Bookseller|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/petit-takes-inaugural-laurel-prize-mama-amazonica-1220977|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=www.thebookseller.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2018, a họpụtara Petit dị ka Fellow nke Royal Society of Literature . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pascale Petit|url=https://rsliterature.org/fellow/pascale-petit/|accessdate=2021-06-24|work=Royal Society of Literature|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Petit ebipụtala otu akwụkwọ akụkọ My Hummingbird Father (2024) na nchịkọta uri itoolu: Heart of a Deer (1998), The Zoo Father (2001), The Huntress (2005), The Treekeeper's Tale (2008), What the Water Gave Me: Poems After Frida Kahlo (2010), Fauverie (2014), Mama Amazonica (2017), Tiger Girl (2020) na Beast (2025). O bipụtakwara akwụkwọ nta nke uri The Wounded Deer: Fourteen Poems After Frida Kahlo (2005). Maka ọrụ ya na uri, ọ natala ọtụtụ onyinye, gụnyere Cholmondeley Award, anọ site na Arts Council England na atọ site na Society of Authors. 

A họpụtara Petit maka ihe nrite Forward Best Single Poem Prize mgbe o bipụtachara &quot;The Strait-Jackets&quot; (site na The Zoo Father) ma na 2001 ọ so n'ime ndị uri iri nke BBC Radio 4 nyere ọrụ ide uri maka Ụbọchị Abụ Mba. The Zoo Father (2001) bụ ndụmọdụ otu Poetry Book Society. The Zoo Father (2001), The Huntress (2005), What the Water Gave Me: Poems After Frida Kahlo (2010), na Fauverie (2014) ka a họpụtara maka ihe nrite T. S. Eliot. Akwụkwọ atọ bụ akwụkwọ nke afọ na The Observer, The Times Literary Supplement na The Independent. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template &quot; style=&quot;margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2024)&quot;&gt;clarification needed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt; ''What the Water Gave Me'' and ''Tiger Girl'' were both shortlisted for the Wales Book of the Year.  

Nchịkọta Petit nke afọ 2017, Mama Amazonica, meriri Laurel Prize for Poetry 2020, 2018 Ondaatje Prize, bụ Poetry Book Society Choice, ma depụta ya maka Roehampton Poetry Prize. E depụtara nchịkọta ya nke afọ 2020 Tiger Girl maka onyinye Forward maka nchịkọta kacha mma.

A na-ebipụta Zoo Father na mbipụta asụsụ abụọ na Mexico ma kesaa ya na Spain na Latin America. Fauverie bụ nke Le Castor Astral bipụtara na Paris na mbipụta asụsụ abụọ. A sụgharịrị akwụkwọ ya n'asụsụ Chinese, Serbian, Spanish (na Mexico) na French. Ọ sụgharịrị uri nke ọtụtụ ndị China na-ede uri nke oge a gụnyere Yang Lian, Wang Xiaoni na Zhai Yongming. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta uri nke Poetry London site na 1990 ruo 2005, Royal Literary Fund Fellow na Mahadum Middlesex site na 2007 ruo 2009 na Royal Literary fund Fellow na Courtauld Institute of Art na 2011-12. Ọ kụziri ihe ọmụmụ uri maka Tate Modern ruo afọ itoolu, ma bụrụkwa onye nkuzi maka Arvon Foundation, Poetry School and Literature Wales ugbu a. The Poetry Book Society họọrọ ya dị ka otu n'ime Ndị na-ede uri nke Ọgbọ Na-esote nke afọ 2004, ndepụta nkwalite maka ịkọwapụta ndị na-eto eto na ndị na-eme uri na Britain. Petit ghọrọ onye otu Royal Society of Literature na 2018.

== Nnakwere ==
Onye na-ede uri si Australia bụ Les Murray etoola ọrụ ya na The Times Literary Supplement, ebe o dere, sị: &quot;Ọ dịghị onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-ede uri si Britain m maara nke nwere ike ịka mma n'echiche akụkọ ifo dị ike nke Pascale Petit.&quot; Jackie Kay dere na The Observer, sị: &quot;Uri Pascale dị ọhụrụ dị ka agba, ma mee ka ị legharịa anya ọzọ na Frida na ndụ ya dị egwu na nke mwute.&quot; Ruth Padel, na-enyocha ihe mmiri nyere m: Poems After Frida Kahlo na The Guardian, dere, sị: &quot;Nchịkọta Petit abụghị akụkọ ndụ amaokwu, kama ọ bụ mma siri ike, nke na-akpali mmetụta nke ihe mberede ụgbọ ala nwere na ndụ na ọrụ Kahlo. 'Nke a bụ otú m si malite ise ihe. / Oge gbasaara ụdị ya / wee kpọọ brek ya.' WH Auden, n'akwụkwọ ya maka Yeats, gwara onye na-ede uri si Ireland: 'Mad Ireland merụrụ gị ahụ ka ọ bụrụ uri.' Nchịkọta Petit, na-enyocha ụzọ trauma si emerụ onye na-ese ihe n'ime okike, na-eme emume ike rebarbative nke Kahlo ji weghachite ihe mgbu ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe mgbu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Padel|first=Ruth|date=2010-06-11|title=What the Water Gave Me by Pascale Petit|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/jun/12/what-water-gave-me-petit|accessdate=2024-11-26|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye, ihe nrite na mkpakọrịta ==
 

* {{Cite book|title=Icefall climbing|date=1994|publisher=Smith/Doorstep|location=Huddersfield &lt;!--|isbn=978-1-869961-61-9 |oclc=32509795--&gt;}}
* Obi nke mgbada (Enitharmon, 1998) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|url=https://search.proquest.com/lion/publication/publications_2051642|title=Heart Of a Deer.|date=1998|publisher=Enitharmon|isbn=978-1-900564-16-8|location=London|language=English|oclc=1167596628}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Nna Zoo (Seren, 2001) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=The zoo father|date=2001|publisher=Seren|isbn=978-1-85411-305-4|location=Bridgend|language=English|oclc=1170500661}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* El Padre Zoológico/The Zoo Father (El Tucan, Mexico City, 2004) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=El padre zoológico = The zoo father|date=2004|publisher=El Tucan de Virginia|isbn=978-968-6756-87-6|location=México DF|oclc=1025527051}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Onye Na-achụ nta'' (Seren, 2005) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=The huntress|date=2005|publisher=Seren|isbn=978-1-85411-396-2|location=Bridgend|language=English|oclc=1170001478}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* The Wounded Deer: Abụ iri na anọ mgbe Frida Kahlo pamphlet (Smith Doorstop, 2005) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=The wounded deer: [fourteen poems after Frida Kahlo|date=2005|publisher=Smith/Doorstop Books|isbn=978-1-902382-75-3|location=Huddersfield|language=English|oclc=1172120161}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Akụkọ Onye Na-edebe Osisi'' (Seren, 2008) [nke dị ala-alpha 6]&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=The treekeeper's tale|date=2008|publisher=Seren|isbn=978-1-85411-471-6|location=Bridgend|language=English|oclc=213113734}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe Mmiri nyere M: Abụ mgbe Frida Kahlo (Seren, UK, 2010, Black Lawrence Press, US, 2011) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|url=http://qut.eblib.com.au/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1125074|title=What the Water Gave Me.|date=2013|publisher=Seren|isbn=978-1-78172-007-3|location=New York|language=English|oclc=1058276544}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fauverie (Seren, 2014) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=Fauverie.|date=2014|isbn=978-1-78172-168-1|language=English|oclc=1023220332}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Mama Amazonica (Bloodaxe, 2017) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=Mama Amazonica|date=2017|publisher=Bloodaxe Books, Ltd.|language=English|oclc=1027577069}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Tiger Girl (Bloodaxe, 2020) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=Tiger girl|date=2020|publisher=Bloodaxe Books Limited|isbn=978-1-78037-526-7|language=English|oclc=1111792293}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* My Hummingbird Father a novel (Salt Publishing, 2024) https://www.saltpublishing.com/products/my-hummingbird-father-9781784633110
* Anụ ọhịa (Bloodaxe Books, 2025) https://www.bloodaxebooks.com/ecs/product/beast-1372

; Ndepụta nke uri

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Aha ya
!Afọ
!Nke mbụ e bipụtara
!E bipụtaghachiri / chịkọtara
|-
|Ebe Ndị Agha Ụmụaka
|2003
|{{Cite journal|author=Petit, Pascale|date=Jul–Aug 2003|title=The Children's Asylum|journal=Quadrant|volume=47|issue=7–8 [398]|pages=76}}
|
|-
|Ememe ahụ
|2003
|{{Cite journal|author=Petit, Pascale|date=Jul–Aug 2003|title=The feast|journal=Quadrant|volume=47|issue=7–8 [398]|pages=77}}
|
|-
|Foto nke nne m dị ka Xipe Totec
|2003
|{{Cite journal|author=Petit, Pascale|date=Jul–Aug 2003|title=Portrait of my mother as Xipe Totec|journal=Quadrant|volume=47|issue=7–8 [398]|pages=76}}
|
|-
|Nne mineral
|2003
|{{Cite journal|author=Petit, Pascale|date=Jul–Aug 2003|title=The mineral mother|journal=Quadrant|volume=47|issue=7–8 [398]|pages=83}}
|
|-
|Onye na-achụ nta orchid
|2003
|{{Cite journal|author=Petit, Pascale|date=Jul–Aug 2003|title=The orchid hunter|journal=Quadrant|volume=47|issue=7–8 [398]|pages=97}}
|
|}

; Anthologies (edited) 

* Njikọ Onye nchịkọta abụ na Mimi Khalvati (Enitharmon, 2000) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Khalvati|first=Mimi|title=Tying the song: a first anthology from the Poetry School, 1997-2000|date=2000|publisher=Enitharmon Press; Distributed in the USA and Canada by Dufour Editions|isbn=978-1-900564-76-2|location=London; Chester Springs, PA|language=English|oclc=44152912}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Abụ sitere na Art na Tate Modern'' editor, pamphlet (Tate Publications, 2010) &lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Petit|first=Pascale|title=Poetry from art: at Tate Modern|date=2010|language=English|oclc=903084777}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nnyocha nkatọ na nyocha nke ọrụ Petit ===

; ''Nne Amazonica''

* {{Cite journal|author=Van Hek, Lin|authorlink=Lin Van Hek|date=Jan–Feb 2018|title=Poetry of wildness|journal=Quadrant|volume=62|issue=1–2 [543]|pages=85–86}}
* [https://www.ft.com/content/e2b45468-5d05-11e8-9334-2218e7146b04 Financial Times, 25 Mee 2018, In Praise of Pascale Petit, onye na-ede uri na-abanye n'ókèala ọhụrụ site na Nilanjana Roy]

; Ihe odide Bibliography
{{Reflist|40em}}

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Official website
* Official blog
* [http://www.bloodaxebooks.com/ecs/category/pascale-petit Profaịlụ] na Bloodaxe BooksAkwụkwọ Bloodaxe
* Profile E debere ya na  Wayback Machine na Seren BooksAkwụkwọ Seren
* [https://poetryarchive.org/poet/pascale-petit/ Ihe ndekọ] na Poetry ArchiveEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie
* [https://www.thepoetryextension.com/pascale/ Ajụjụ ọnụ] na The Poetry Extension''Mgbasawanye nke uri''
{{authority control}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>George nke Peyrebrune</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351638678|Georges de Peyrebrune]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="8853" sha1="38yn6p09xy94tx3cmuozho2kn1ci20j" xml:space="preserve">'''Mathilde-Marie Georgina Élisabeth de Peyrebrune''' (nke a makwaara dị ka ''''''George nke Peyrebrune'''''' ma ọ bụ Georges de Peyrebraune, na Judicis de la Mirandole; aha njirimara '''Hunedelle''', '''Marco''', na Petit Bob; &lt;ref name=&quot;Constans2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Constans|first=Ellen|title=Ouvrières des lettres|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZDqvVXR7rXUC&amp;pg=PA47|year=2007|publisher=Presses Univ. Limoges|language=French|isbn=978-2-84287-440-7}}&lt;/ref&gt; 18 Eprel 1841 - 1917) bụ onye isi French proto-feminist Belle Époque onye edemede nke akwụkwọ akụkọ a ma ama. &lt;ref name=&quot;WilsonMaher2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Wilson|first=Rita|title=Words, Images and Performances in Translation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T1sSBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA36|date=1 December 2011|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4411-7261-7|pages=31, 36, 42}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ &quot;otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị a na-agụkarị na France&quot;,  na otu n'ime ndị inyom na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ kachasị ewu ewu na mba ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Leslie1892&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Leslie|first=Frank|title=Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CYrQAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA159|edition=Public domain|year=1892|publisher=Frank Leslie Publishing House}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Warner2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Charles Dudley|title=A Library of the World's Best Literature – Ancient and Modern – Vol.XLIII (Forty-Five Volumes); Dictionary of Authors (K–Z)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j6k3F_89oyEC&amp;pg=PA426|date=1 July 2008|publisher=Cosimo, Inc.|isbn=978-1-60520-251-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ ya na Pierrebrune, otu obodo nta dị na Sainte-Orse, Dordogne n'afọ 1841, ọ gbanwere &quot;Pierrebrune&quot; ka ọ bụrụ &quot;Peyrebrune&quot;, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ aha ezinụlọ ya..&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Finn|first=Michael R.|title=Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43|year=2009|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-0-87413-067-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Françoise Thérèse Céline Judicis na Georges Johnston, onye nwere ala bara ọgaranya.&lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Jean Paul|author=Socard|title=GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE|url=http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade|publisher=Abbaye De Chancelade|accessdate=14 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Faịlụ:Georges_de_Peyrebrune_(1888).png|thumb|George nke Peyrebrune]]
Ọ gara Paris mgbe agha nke afọ 1870 gasịrị, o wee malite ide akwụkwọ ya na magazin Revue des deux Mondes, ebe e depụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya n'usoro. Na Paris, ọ zutere Arsène Houssaye, onye, ​​mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ edemede Marco ya, rịọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ magazin François Buloz arịrịọ n'aha ya. Peyrebrune dere akwụkwọ maka ọtụtụ magazin ụmụ nwanyị, o bipụtakwara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ. N'uche ya, o nwere mmasị na echiche sayensị, nkà ihe ọmụma na nke ndị na-akwado echiche. Ọ megidere ntaramahụhụ ọnwụ, a kpọkwara echiche nwanyị ya dị ka &quot;ihe a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha na ihe na-emegiderịta onwe ya&quot;.&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Jean Paul|author=Socard|title=GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE|url=http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade|publisher=Abbaye De Chancelade|accessdate=14 March 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSocard&quot;&gt;Socard, Jean Paul. [http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade &quot;GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE&quot;]. Abbaye De Chancelade&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 March&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Peyrebrune bipụtara ọrụ iri na anọ n'afọ 1880 na ụlọ ọrụ Calmann-Lévy, Charpentier, Dentu, Ollendorff, na Plon.&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Finn|first=Michael R.|title=Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43|year=2009|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-0-87413-067-6}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFFinn2009&quot;&gt;Finn, Michael R. (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43 ''Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde'']. University of Delaware Press. p.&amp;nbsp;43. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-87413-067-6|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-87413-067-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka ikpe ụmụ nwanyị niile maka Prix Fémina literary prize.&lt;ref name=&quot;WilsonMaher2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Wilson|first=Rita|title=Words, Images and Performances in Translation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T1sSBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA36|date=1 December 2011|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4411-7261-7|pages=31, 36, 42}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWilsonMaher2011&quot;&gt;Wilson, Rita; Maher, Brigid (1 December 2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=T1sSBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA36 ''Words, Images and Performances in Translation'']. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp.&amp;nbsp;31, 36, 42. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-4411-7261-7|&lt;bdi&gt;978-1-4411-7261-7&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1909, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu 40 ndị na-agụ Fémina họpụtara ka ha nọchite anya &quot;A Female Academy&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mesch2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mesch|first=Rachel|title=Having It All in the Belle Epoque: How French Women's Magazines Invented the Modern Woman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXQlAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA182|date=3 July 2013|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-8713-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aha Peyrebrune malitere na &quot;Georges&quot;, mgbe George Sand gasịrị n'ihi na Peyrebruna ji ọrụ ya kpọrọ ihe.&lt;ref name=&quot;Leslie1892&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Leslie|first=Frank|title=Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CYrQAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA159|edition=Public domain|year=1892|publisher=Frank Leslie Publishing House}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLeslie1892&quot;&gt;Leslie, Frank (1892). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CYrQAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA159 ''Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly''] (Public domain&amp;nbsp;ed.). Frank Leslie Publishing House. p.&amp;nbsp;159.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị edemede bụ [[Camille Delaville]] na Rachilde bụ ndị enyi ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Jean Paul|author=Socard|title=GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE|url=http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade|publisher=Abbaye De Chancelade|accessdate=14 March 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSocard&quot;&gt;Socard, Jean Paul. [http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade &quot;GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE&quot;]. Abbaye De Chancelade&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 March&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Peyrebrune lụrụ Paul Adrien Numa Eimery, onye si Chancelade, na-etinye aka na akwụkwọ ikike alụmdi na nwunye &quot;G. Johnston de Peyrebrine&quot;;  ọ bụ alụmdi na ụba na-enweghị obi ụtọ ma enweghị ụmụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Roumagous2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Roumagous|first=Claude|title=Une grande femme de lettres oubliée|url=http://www.sudouest.fr/2011/02/18/une-grande-femme-de-lettres-oubliee-321910-1785.php|accessdate=14 March 2015|publisher=Sue Ouest|date=18 February 2011|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Finn|first=Michael R.|title=Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43|year=2009|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-0-87413-067-6}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFFinn2009&quot;&gt;Finn, Michael R. (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43 ''Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde'']. University of Delaware Press. p.&amp;nbsp;43. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-87413-067-6|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-87413-067-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ nwụrụ na ịda ogbenye na ichefu na Paris na 1917. &lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot; /&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==
 

== Edemsibia ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>632813</id>
      <parentid>632812</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T20:24:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chinemeremprince</username>
        <id>13026</id>
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      <text bytes="7822" sha1="6t7e80yrej362jxdqn98guxl2snsaex" xml:space="preserve">'''Mathilde-Marie Georgina Élisabeth de Peyrebrune''' (nke a makwaara dị ka ''''''George nke Peyrebrune'''''' ma ọ bụ Georges de Peyrebraune, na Judicis de la Mirandole; aha njirimara '''Hunedelle''', '''Marco''', na Petit Bob; &lt;ref name=&quot;Constans2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Constans|first=Ellen|title=Ouvrières des lettres|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZDqvVXR7rXUC&amp;pg=PA47|year=2007|publisher=Presses Univ. Limoges|language=French|isbn=978-2-84287-440-7}}&lt;/ref&gt; 18 Eprel 1841 - 1917) bụ onye isi French proto-feminist Belle Époque onye edemede nke akwụkwọ akụkọ a ma ama. &lt;ref name=&quot;WilsonMaher2011&quot; ./&gt; Ọ bụ &quot;otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị a na-agụkarị na France&quot;,  na otu n'ime ndị inyom na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ kachasị ewu ewu na mba ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Leslie1892&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Warner2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Warner|first=Charles Dudley|title=A Library of the World's Best Literature – Ancient and Modern – Vol.XLIII (Forty-Five Volumes); Dictionary of Authors (K–Z)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j6k3F_89oyEC&amp;pg=PA426|date=1 July 2008|publisher=Cosimo, Inc.|isbn=978-1-60520-251-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ ya na Pierrebrune, otu obodo nta dị na Sainte-Orse, Dordogne n'afọ 1841, ọ gbanwere &quot;Pierrebrune&quot; ka ọ bụrụ &quot;Peyrebrune&quot;, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ aha ezinụlọ ya..&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn2009&quot; /&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Françoise Thérèse Céline Judicis na Georges Johnston, onye nwere ala bara ọgaranya.&lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot; /&gt;
[[Faịlụ:Georges_de_Peyrebrune_(1888).png|thumb|George nke Peyrebrune]]
Ọ gara Paris mgbe agha nke afọ 1870 gasịrị, o wee malite ide akwụkwọ ya na magazin Revue des deux Mondes, ebe e depụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya n'usoro. Na Paris, ọ zutere Arsène Houssaye, onye, ​​mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ edemede Marco ya, rịọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ magazin François Buloz arịrịọ n'aha ya. Peyrebrune dere akwụkwọ maka ọtụtụ magazin ụmụ nwanyị, o bipụtakwara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ. N'uche ya, o nwere mmasị na echiche sayensị, nkà ihe ọmụma na nke ndị na-akwado echiche. Ọ megidere ntaramahụhụ ọnwụ, a kpọkwara echiche nwanyị ya dị ka &quot;ihe a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha na ihe na-emegiderịta onwe ya&quot;.&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Jean Paul|author=Socard|title=GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE|url=http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade|publisher=Abbaye De Chancelade|accessdate=14 March 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSocard&quot;&gt;Socard, Jean Paul. [http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade &quot;GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE&quot;]. Abbaye De Chancelade&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 March&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Peyrebrune bipụtara ọrụ iri na anọ n'afọ 1880 na ụlọ ọrụ Calmann-Lévy, Charpentier, Dentu, Ollendorff, na Plon.&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Finn|first=Michael R.|title=Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43|year=2009|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-0-87413-067-6}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFFinn2009&quot;&gt;Finn, Michael R. (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43 ''Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde'']. University of Delaware Press. p.&amp;nbsp;43. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-87413-067-6|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-87413-067-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka ikpe ụmụ nwanyị niile maka Prix Fémina literary prize.&lt;ref name=&quot;WilsonMaher2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Wilson|first=Rita|title=Words, Images and Performances in Translation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T1sSBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA36|date=1 December 2011|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-4411-7261-7|pages=31, 36, 42}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWilsonMaher2011&quot;&gt;Wilson, Rita; Maher, Brigid (1 December 2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=T1sSBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA36 ''Words, Images and Performances in Translation'']. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp.&amp;nbsp;31, 36, 42. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-4411-7261-7|&lt;bdi&gt;978-1-4411-7261-7&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1909, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị otu 40 ndị na-agụ Fémina họpụtara ka ha nọchite anya &quot;A Female Academy&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mesch2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Mesch|first=Rachel|title=Having It All in the Belle Epoque: How French Women's Magazines Invented the Modern Woman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXQlAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA182|date=3 July 2013|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-8713-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aha Peyrebrune malitere na &quot;Georges&quot;, mgbe George Sand gasịrị n'ihi na Peyrebruna ji ọrụ ya kpọrọ ihe.&lt;ref name=&quot;Leslie1892&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Leslie|first=Frank|title=Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CYrQAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA159|edition=Public domain|year=1892|publisher=Frank Leslie Publishing House}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLeslie1892&quot;&gt;Leslie, Frank (1892). [https://books.google.com/books?id=CYrQAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA159 ''Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly''] (Public domain&amp;nbsp;ed.). Frank Leslie Publishing House. p.&amp;nbsp;159.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị edemede bụ [[Camille Delaville]] na Rachilde bụ ndị enyi ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|first=Jean Paul|author=Socard|title=GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE|url=http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade|publisher=Abbaye De Chancelade|accessdate=14 March 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSocard&quot;&gt;Socard, Jean Paul. [http://www.abbaye-de-chancelade.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=62:georges-de-peyrebrune-english-translation&amp;catid=34:chancelade &quot;GEORGES DE PEYREBRUNE&quot;]. Abbaye De Chancelade&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 March&lt;/span&gt; 2015&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Peyrebrune lụrụ Paul Adrien Numa Eimery, onye si Chancelade, na-etinye aka na akwụkwọ ikike alụmdi na nwunye &quot;G. Johnston de Peyrebrine&quot;;  ọ bụ alụmdi na ụba na-enweghị obi ụtọ ma enweghị ụmụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Roumagous2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Roumagous|first=Claude|title=Une grande femme de lettres oubliée|url=http://www.sudouest.fr/2011/02/18/une-grande-femme-de-lettres-oubliee-321910-1785.php|accessdate=14 March 2015|publisher=Sue Ouest|date=18 February 2011|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Finn|first=Michael R.|title=Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43|year=2009|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-0-87413-067-6}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFFinn2009&quot;&gt;Finn, Michael R. (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=l24quT9ggFAC&amp;pg=PA43 ''Hysteria, Hypnotism, the Spirits, and Pornography: Fin-de-siècle Cultural Discourses in the Decadent Rachilde'']. University of Delaware Press. p.&amp;nbsp;43. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-87413-067-6|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-87413-067-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ nwụrụ na ịda ogbenye na ichefu na Paris na 1917. &lt;ref name=&quot;abbaye&quot; /&gt;

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==
 

== Edemsibia ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <title>Irène Lidova</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340954956|Irène Lidova]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Irène Lidova''' (née Kaminskaya; 7 Jenụwarị 1907 – 23 Mee 2002) bụ onye na-akatọ egwu ndị Russia na France, onye edemede, onye na-eweta ihe ngosi na onye na-emepụta ihe. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na akụkọ ejiji maka magazin Vu tupu ọ nyochaa egwu maka akwụkwọ edemede kwa izu Marianne. Lidova rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nhazi maka ihe ngosi egwu ma guzobe Les Ballets des Champs-Elysées na 1945. Ọ sonyeere Les Ballets de Paris-Roland Petit nke Roland Petit na 1948 wee bụrụ onye mmekọ nke obere ụlọ ọrụ egwu Milorad Mišković na 1956. Lidova tinyekwara aka na magazin ịgba egwu ma dee ederede 27 maka abọm 27 Serge Lido nke onye na-ese foto egwu. A kpọrọ ya Chevalier na Ordre des Arts et des Lettres na 1979.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
Na 7 Jenụwarị 1907, a mụrụ Lidova dị ka Irina Kaminskaya na Moscow, Russia.[1][2] Nna ya bụ ọkaiwu, nne ya bụkwa dọkịta.[2] Lidova nwere otu nwanne nwanyị nke obere ma malite ịgba ballet na Music and Dance Conservatoire.[3] Ọ nọrọ ụfọdụ n'ime afọ mbụ ya na Petrograd, ezinụlọ ya si na Russia mgbe mgbanwe ọchịchị gasịrị kwaga Paris site na ụgbọ ịnyịnya na-adọkpụ site na Gulf of Finland oyi mgbe ọ dị obere.[2][3] A mụrụ ya na mbụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Russia,[3] wee gaa na Sorbonne.[4] Na mahadum, Lidova mere ballet n'okpuru nduzi nke onye na-agba ballet Russian Imperial Ballet Olga Preobrajenska na Studio Wacker, akụkọ ihe mere eme nka, akwụkwọ French na Russia ma mụtakwa otu esi ese ihe.[2][3]

== Ọrụ ==
Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ banyere n'ọrụ nta akụkọ ejiji ma rụọ ọrụ nhazi maka magazin ''Vu''. Lidova mere ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ Vu kwenye ka o bipụta ihe ngosi gbasara ballerina na nwanyị Nicholas nke Abụọ bụ Mathilde Kschessinska. Lidova sonyeere ndị na-ese foto dịka Brassaï.[1][2] Na 1939, ọ malitere inyocha egwu maka akwụkwọ edemede kwa izu bụ ''Marianne'',[3][2][4] mgbe a kpọrọ ya òkù ịbụ onye na-akatọ egwu ya.[1] A kpọkwara ya ka ọ dezie akwụkwọ ọhụrụ a kpọrọ France Magazine ebe ọ na-aga n'ihu na-amụ egwu n'ọkwa amateur.[1][2] Na 1943 na 1944, Lidova haziri ihe ngosi egwu mbụ nke Janine Charrat na Roland Petit na Paris.[3][5] Ihe ịga nke ọma nke egwu ndị a pụtara na a kpọrọ Lidova ka ọ hazie usoro mgbede egwu iri, na-ewebata Jean Babilée, Zizi Jeanmaire, Ethery Pagava na Nina Vyroubova.[1]

Tupu Nnwere Onwe nke Paris na 1944,&lt;ref name=&quot;IndyObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Meisner|first=Nadine|title=Obituary: Irene Lidova; Ballet critic and promoter|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A88235370/GPS?u=wikipedia&amp;sid=GPS&amp;xid=27521f49|work=[[The Independent]]|date=3 July 2002|accessdate=29 April 2021|page=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; ọ merụrụ ahụ site na shrapnel mgbe ọ na-agagharị n'okporo ámá.&lt;ref name=&quot;TimesObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Irene Lidova; Obituary|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A89275370/GPS?u=wikipedia&amp;sid=GPS&amp;xid=122de1be|work=[[The Times]]|page=32|date=19 July 2002|accessdate=29 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nwere ike ịgbake nke ọma.&lt;ref name=&quot;IndyObit&quot; /&gt; Lidova guzobere Les Ballets des Champs-Elysées na Théâtre de la Ville n'afọ sochirinụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;GuardianObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Clarke|first=Mary|title=Irène Lidova; A devotion to dance and dancers|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/jul/04/guardianobituaries.arts1|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=4 July 2002|accessdate=29 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYTimesObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Irène Lidova, 95, Dance Critic and Producer|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/19/arts/irene-lidova-95-dance-critic-and-producer.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=19 June 2002|accessdate=29 April 2021|page=C15}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke ballet, ma rụọ ọrụ na Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, ebe o chepụtara Le Dejeuner sur l'herbe maka Petit.&lt;ref name=&quot;TimesObit&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GuardianObit&quot; /&gt; A kpọrọ Lidova ka ọ sonye na Petit's Les Ballets de Paris nke Roland Petit guzobere na 1948, mgbe ha abụọ na-enweghị mmasị n’ọnọdụ dị na Théâtre des Champs-Élysées.&lt;ref name=&quot;IndyObit&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;TimesObit&quot; /&gt; Lidova nyeere Gene Kelly aka n'ịmepụta ihe nkiri ''Invitation to the Danc''e ma bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ maka ọtụtụ ụlọ opera na-eme ballets, dị ka La Fenice na-eme ihe nkiri nke Serge Lifar na Bronislava Nijinska na Callas na The Sicilian Vespers na-emeghe Turin Opera ọhụrụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;TimesObit&quot; /&gt; Ọ haziri nzukọ 1947 banyere Vaslav Nijinsky nke asịrị na-ezighị ezi na ọ nwụrụ na Hungary kwalitere.[1]

O kpebiri ịhapụ nkwenye ya na Petit ma ghara iduzi ballet ọzọ mgbe onye na-agba egwu Milorad Mišković mere ka obi sie ya ike.[1] Na 1956, Lidova ghọrọ onye mmekọ Mišković na obere ụlọ ọrụ ya iji gbaa ndị ntorobịa na-abụ abụ ume ka ha rụọ ọrụ ọhụrụ.[1][2] Ha abụọ gara ụwa ruo afọ iri na-abịa na-enweghị ego.[1] Ọ gakwuuru onye nduzi Nervi Festival Mario Porcile na Italy aro ndị na-ese ihe na ballet ma lekọta ọrụ nhazi. Lidova bụ onye nhazi usoro mmemme na La Fenice na Venice na 1971 ma mee ka Bronislava Nijinska meworo agadi mee ka Les Noces dịghachi ndụ.[3] O tinyere aka na magazin ịgba egwu Ballet Annual; Balletto Oggi na Milan; Akụkọ Ịgba Egwu na New York; Dance and Dancers na London na Les Saisons de la Danse na Paris.[1][3] Lidova dere 17 Visages de la danse francaise na 1953 na Roland Petit na 1956. O bipụtara akụkọ ndụ ya, Ma Vie avec la danse, na 1992, wee dee ederede 27 maka ọba akwụkwọ 27 bipụtara Serge Lido.[3]

== Ndụ nkeonwe ==
Ọ lụrụ onye na-ese foto egwu Franco-Russian bụ Serge Lido ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1984.[1][2] Ha enweghị ụmụ.[1] A kpọrọ Lidova Chevalier na Ordre des Arts et des Lettres na 1979.[3][4] Na 23 Mee 2002, ọ nwụrụ na Paris, France.[1] Lidova alaghachighị n'obodo ya bụ Russia.[3]

== Ihe Nketa ==
Akwụkwọ akụkọ Times dere &quot;o mekwara ka omenala French ka mma n'abụghị onye French&quot; dịka onye nduzi Paris Opera Ballet, Serge Lifar, mere ma &quot;jiri mkpụrụ obi nke ballet French mee ihe ruo ọkara narị afọ site na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gaa n'ihu.&quot;[1] Ọbá Akwụkwọ Ọha nke New York nwere ndekọ ọdịyo nke Andrew Mark Wentink nke Lidova na di ya dere n'asụsụ French na ọrụ Oral History Project nke New York Public Library for the Performing Arts.[2]

== Ihe odide ==
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    <title>Christine Pascal</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1303248825|Christine Pascal]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Christine Pascal''' (29 Nọvemba 1953 - 30 Ọgọst 1996) bụ onye France na-eme ihe nkiri, onye edemede, na onye nduzi amaara maka Le Petit Prince a dit, 1992. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Christine Pascal {{!}} Actress, Writer, Director|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0664243/|accessdate=2024-10-04|work=IMDb|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
.[1] A ihe nkiri ya na Lyon, Rhône, Pascal mere ihe mbụ nkiri ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 21 na Les Guichets du Louvre nke Michel Mitrani (1974), wee-eduzi ya na Bertrand Tavernier na ihe nkiri ya ọzọ, L'Horloger de Saint-Paul (1974).  Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ ya na Tavernier egwu Que la fête commence (1975), nke ọ natara nhọpụta César maka Best Supporting Actress;  Onyeikpe na ogbugbu (1976);  Des enfants gatés (1977), nke ya na ya so dee;  na gburugburu etiti abalị.  Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ Black Thursday (1974), La Meilleure façon de marcher (1976), The Maids of Wilko (1979), Entre Nous (1983), na Le Grand Chemin (1987).  O mere nke mbụ dị ka onye ntụziaka na Félicité, ma duzie La Garce, Zanzibar, Le Petit prince a dit (nke meri Louis Delluc Prize) na Adultère, mode d'emploi.

Pascal cheburu igbu onwe ya n'oge dị iche iche na ndụ ya, Félicité, ihe nkiri mbụ ọ duziri, na-amalite site na igbu onwe.  N'afọ 1984, mgbe ụfọdụ ya etu ọ ga-esi eji, a ibi, &quot;N'ime m na-egbu onwe ya, na ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri.&quot;  (&quot;Site n'igbu onwe m, mgbe oge ruru&quot;)  

N'afọ 1996, mgbe ọ nọ n'ibu ọgwụ ndị isi mgbaka na mpaghara Paris nke Garches, Pascal gburugburu ya site na isi na windo wụpụ..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Lefort|first=Gérard|title=Christine Pascal nous abandonne.L'actrice de &quot;Que la fête commence&quot; et réalisatrice du &quot;Petit Prince a dit&quot; s'est suicidée vendredi. Elle avait 42 ans.|url=http://www.liberation.fr/culture/0101192928-christine-pascal-nous-abandonne-l-actrice-de-que-la-fete-commence-et-realisatrice-du-petit-prince-a-dit-s-est-suicidee-vendredi-elle-avait-42-ans|work=Libération|accessdate=11 December 2011|archivedate=21 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021085350/http://www.liberation.fr/culture/0101192928-christine-pascal-nous-abandonne-l-actrice-de-que-la-fete-commence-et-realisatrice-du-petit-prince-a-dit-s-est-suicidee-vendredi-elle-avait-42-ans}}&lt;/ref&gt; E liri ya na Cimetière du Père Lachaise na Paris. N'afọ 2003, a mara dọkịta na-ahụ maka isi mgbaka nke na-elekọta Pascal ikpe ịga mkpọrọ otu afọ maka ịghara ime ihe kwesịrị ekwesị iji gbochie igbu onwe ya..&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=7 July 2003|title=Le psychiatre condamné après le suicide de l'actrice|url=http://www.leparisien.fr/paris/le-psychiatre-condamne-apres-le-suicide-de-l-actrice-07-03-2003-2003881937.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110316045859/http://www.leparisien.fr/paris/le-psychiatre-condamne-apres-le-suicide-de-l-actrice-07-03-2003-2003881937.php|archivedate=2011-03-16|accessdate=11 December 2011|work=Le Parisien}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nkiri ==

=== Dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Afọ
!Aha ya
!Ọrụ
!Ihe edeturu
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1974
|''Onye Na-arụ elekere na St. Paul''
|Liliane Torrini
|
|-
|''Ebe Ndepụta Akwụkwọ Nsọ nke Louvre''
|Jeanne
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |1975
|''Ka ememe ahụ malite...''
|Emilie
|
|-
|''Cécile ma ọ bụ La Raison des femmes: Vivre à deux''
|Cécile
|Obere ihe nkiri TV
|-
|''Dọkịta ojii''
|Pauline
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1976
|''Ụzọ Kasị Mma Ị ga-esi Gaa ije''
|Chantal
|
|-
|''Onyeikpe na Onye Ogbu Mmadụ''
|otu n'ime ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe
|Enweghị aha
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |1977
|''Ịnọ n'eji oji''
|onye a na-achọ ịlụ
|Obere ihe nkiri TV
|-
|''Ndị India ka nọ n'ebe dị anya''
|Ịdị larịị
|
|-
|''Onye na-emebi iwu''
|Betty Saint-Ramé
|
|-
|''Ụmụaka e merụrụ ahụ''
|Anne Torrini
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |1978
|''Akpụkpọ ụkwụ a tụrụ n'anya''
|Juliette
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |1979
|''A na-ehichapụ ihe niile''
|Anne Glizer
|
|-
|''Ụmụ agbọghọ nke Wilko''
|Tunisia
|
|-
|''Obi ụtọ''
|Obi ụtọ
|
|-
|''Paco onye na-enweghị mmejọ''
|Maria
|
|-
|1980
|''Ụzọ Ndị Fụlitere''
|Liza
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1981
|''Na ezigbo bọta''
|Josette
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
|''Das Haus im Park [nke]''
|Simone
|
|-
|1982
|''N'ozuzu, swiiti''
|Jeannette
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |1983
|''N'etiti Anyị''
|Sara
|
|-
|''Ihe nkiri 16''
|Isabelle
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
|''Ndị na-agba ọsọ ụgha''
|onye na-eme ihe nkiri
|
|-
|''Ọ chọrọ ime ihe nkiri''
|Alice Guy-Blaché
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |1985
|''Ụgbọ okporo ígwè hel''
|Isabelle
|
|-
|''Ọ bịanyere aka na Charlotte''
|Christine
|
|-
|''Elsa, Elsa''
|&quot;Ezi&quot; Elsa
|
|-
|1986
|''N'etiti abalị''
|Sylvie
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1987
|''Okporo ụzọ Ukwu''
|Claire (nne Louis) 
|
|-
|''Nkwa... Onye na-ekpe ikpe!''
|Madeleine
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1988
|''Ịgba ọtọ''
|Christine
|
|-
|''Agba nke ifufe''
|Hélène Plazy
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1989
|''Ihe nkiri ojii''
|Corinne
|Ihe omume: &quot;Aka zuru ezu&quot;
|-
|''Oge ezumike kọfị''
|Josiane Vernon
|Ihe omume: &quot;Njem&quot;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |1990
|''Navarro''
|Sylvie Rivette
|Ihe omume: &quot;Nwa nke Periph&quot;
|-
|''Enyi Giono: Onye gbara ọsọ''
|Marie-Jeanne
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
|''Mkpịsị aka nke isii''
|Viviane
|
|-
|''Na Ilha''
|Linda Walsh
|Dị mkpirikpi
|-
|1991
|''Ọ bụghị ụgha''
|Ịdị larịị
|
|-
|1992
|''Nwunye onye ahụ hụrụ n'anya''
|Laetitia
|Ihe nkiri TV
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |1994
|''Lee ka ndị mmadụ daa''
|Sandrine
|
|-
|''Ndị hụrụ mba ha n'anya''
|Laurence
|
|-
|''Ịmụmụmụ ọnụ ọchị''
|Chantal
| (ihe nkiri ikpeazụ) 
|}

=== Dị ka onye nduzi ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Afọ
!Aha ya
!Ihe edeturu
|-
|1979
|''Obi ụtọ''
|
|-
|1985
|''Garce''
|
|-
|1989
|''Zanzibar''
|
|-
|1992
|''Nwa Eze ahụ kwuru''
|Cesar Nominations maka Best Film na Best Director
|-
|1995
|''Ịkwa iko (otú e si eji ya eme ihe) ''
|
|}

== Onyinye na nhọpụta ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;
!Afọ
!Nsonaazụ
!Ihe nrite
!Ụdị
!Ihe nkiri ma ọ bụ usoro
|-
|1976
|'''Ndị a họpụtara'''
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ihe nrite nke Caesar
|Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma
|''Ka ememe ahụ malite''
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1993
|'''Ndị a họpụtara'''
|Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma
|''Nwa eze ahụ kwuru''
|-
|'''Ndị a họpụtara'''
|Onye nduzi kacha mma
|''Nwa eze ahụ kwuru''
|- style=&quot;background-color: #EAEAEA;&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1992
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Mmeri'''
|Ihe nrite Louis Delluc
|Ihe nrite Louis Delluc
|''Nwa eze ahụ kwuru''
|- style=&quot;background-color: #EAEAEA;&quot;
|Montreal World Film Festival
|Ihe nkiri kacha mma
|Le Petit prince a dit (Ya na Robert Boner kerịtara) 
|}

== Ihe odide ==</text>
      <sha1>8utpkq2kgs6yv4ntp3htx7d1c0ru14o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>632816</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T20:31:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chinemeremprince</username>
        <id>13026</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340960514|Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet''', A mụrụ ya na 30 Juun 1930 na De Foucauld (French Algeria, nke bụzi Rechaiga, Algeria, ma nwụọ na 24 Eprel 2023 na Digne-les-Bains, ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ nke onye nyocha Alexandra David-Néel site na 1959 ruo 1969. Aha ya bụ &quot;Tortue&quot; (Tortue) site n'aka onye nke ikpeazụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka ya ruo afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya. O dere akụkọ ndụ nke afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ Alexandra David-Néel. O dezikwara ihe odide Alexandra, gụnyere ozi sara mbara ya na di ya site na 1904 ruo 1940 (na mpịakọta abụọ).

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
Ọ jụrụ '''Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet''' na 30 June 1930 na De Foucauld ([[Algeria]]&quot; id=&quot;mwEQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;French Algeria&quot;&gt;French Algeria, ugbu a Rechaiga, Algeria&lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;francetvinfo_2761958&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Décès de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire particulière d'Alexandra David-Néel, à Digne-les-Bains (Death of Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, Alexandra David-Néel's private secretary).|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/alpes-de-haute-provence/digne-les-bains/le-deces-de-marie-madeleine-peyronnet-secretaire-particuliere-d-alexandra-david-neel-a-digne-les-bains-2761958.html|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;). Ọ tolitere na Rechaïga, Algeria, ebe ezinụlọ ya biri kemgbe ọgbọ anọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jean Chalon&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chalon|first=Jean|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1985|isbn=9782262088750|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}, p.452.&lt;/ref&gt; Nna ya, onye bụbu onye agha, bụ onye ọrụ gọọmentị. A zụlitere Marie-Madeleine n'ezinụlọ ndị Katọlik siri ike, mana ọ na-arọ nrọ naanị ịgagharị.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na itoolu, mgbe ọ nọsịrị ntorobịa ya niile na Algérois, Marie-Madeleine bịara soro nwanne ya nwanyị, onye nwere họtel, nọrọ na Aix-en-Provence.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jean Chalon&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chalon|first=Jean|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1985|isbn=9782262088750|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChalon1985&quot;&gt;Chalon, Jean (1985). [https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ ''Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel''] (in French). Librairie académique Perrin, Paris. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9782262088750|&lt;bdi&gt;9782262088750&lt;/bdi&gt;]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]
, p.452.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ n'oge ọnụnọ a ka o zutere Alexandra David-Néel n'amaghị ama, onye nọ n'Aix ma na-achọ odeakwụkwọ. A malitere were Marie-Madeleine n'ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nkeonwe ruo ọnwa atọ, mana ọ nọgidere na-ejere onye nchọpụta ahụ ozi ruo afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na Digne-les-Bains &lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebe ọ ketara ikike ibi na Samten Dzong (n'asụsụ Tibetan: &quot;Ebe Nkwado nke Ntụgharị uche&quot;), ụlọ Alexandra David-Néel, o nyere aka na mbipụta nke ọrụ onye nchọpụta ahụ dere na Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 8 Septemba 1969 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;Samten Dzong&quot;, maison d'Alexandra David-Néel à Digne-les-Bains|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2FRegions%2FDrac-Provence-Alpes-Cote-d-Azur%2FPolitique-et-actions-culturelles%2FLe-label-Maison-des-illustres%2FSamten-Dzong-maison-d-Alexandra-David-Neel-a-Digne-les-Bains#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

N'afọ 1977, o guzobere Alexandra David-Néel Association . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alexandra David Néel ( Official Website)|url=http://www.alexandra-david-neel.com|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nke a bụ òtù na-abụghị maka uru n'okpuru iwu France, nke mepụtara ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie site n'ime ka nchịkọta ya baa ọgaranya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ịbụ onye obodo Digne-les-Bains were n'ọrụ, Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet lekọtara ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ ruo 1995, na-ahazi nnabata kwa ụbọchị nke ndị njem nleta na ndị isi France na ndị mba ọzọ na ndị nsụgharị ha, gụnyere ndị ọbịa Tibet dị ka Dalai Lama nke iri na anọ na 1982 na 1986, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=La maison Alexandra David-Neel à Digne-les-Bains|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livre.alpes-haute-provence.fr%2Falexandra-david-neel-digne-les-bains%2F#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ndị otu ndị Tibet, ndị na-eti egwu, ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe (ndị na-ese osisi) na ndị mọnk bịara ime sanddala nke a na-egosi na ebe ngosi ihe n'oge ahụ&lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Marion Dapsance|title=La Forteresse de la méditation. Ethnographie de la Fondation Alexandra David-Neel.|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/display2.php/attachment.pdf?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2FMedia%2FThematiques%2FConnaissance-des-patrimoines%2FFiles%2FAllocations-de-formation-et-de-recherche%2FArchives-des-Allocations-Formation-recherche-du-Patrimoine-ethnologique%2FAllocataires-2014%2FLa-Forteresse-de-la-meditation-une-maison-des-illustres_-DAPSANCE-Marion|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Marie-Madeleine chịkọtara ma bipụta Lettres à son mari (Akwụkwọ ozi nye di ya) na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ Alexandra David- dere mgbe ọ nwụsịrị. N'afọ 1973, o bipụtara akụkọ ndụ, Dix ans avec Alexandra David-Néel, na-ebufe ikike nwebisiinka na njikọ ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Akwụkwọ ahụ, nke e dere n'ime izu atọ, bụ nke Plon bipụtara ma merie Prix des Journalistes (The Journalists' Prize) ma depụta ya maka Prix Vérité. E bipụtara mbipụta ọhụrụ na 2005, na ederede ise ọzọ agbakwunyere na 2003 mgbe Nymphenburger Verlag bipụtara nsụgharị German. [de]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fgrandbiv.cluster006.ovh.net%2Fjoomla15%2Ffestival-2011%2Finvites-2011%2Fmarie-madeleine-peyronnet#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Joëlle Désiré-Marchand]] dere ma bipụta akụkọ ndụ Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet na 2018, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Désiré-Marchand|language=fr|first=Joëlle|year=2009|title=Alexandra David-Néel, Vie et voyages: Itinéraires géographiques et spirituels|publisher=Arthaud|isbn=9782081273870}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye bipụtarala akụkọ ndụ Alexandra David-Néel na 2009.[10]

Ọ nwụrụ na 24 Eprel 2023 na Digne-les-Bains . &lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;francetvinfo_2761958&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Décès de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire particulière d'Alexandra David-Néel, à Digne-les-Bains (Death of Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, Alexandra David-Néel's private secretary).|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/alpes-de-haute-provence/digne-les-bains/le-deces-de-marie-madeleine-peyronnet-secretaire-particuliere-d-alexandra-david-neel-a-digne-les-bains-2761958.html|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/alpes-de-haute-provence/digne-les-bains/le-deces-de-marie-madeleine-peyronnet-secretaire-particuliere-d-alexandra-david-neel-a-digne-les-bains-2761958.html &quot;Décès de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire particulière d'Alexandra David-Néel, à Digne-les-Bains (Death of Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, Alexandra David-Néel's private secretary)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== A na-akpọ ya &quot;Tortue&quot; ==
[[Faịlụ:Carte-de-visite-Marie-Madeleine-Peyronnet.jpg|alt=Carte de visite signée de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet.|thumb|230x230px|Kaadị nleta nke nwere Tortoise, nke Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet bịanyere aka.]]
Alexandra David-Néel nyere Marie-Madeleine aha njirimara ''&quot;''&quot;Turtle&quot;''&quot; (Tortoise) '' mgbe ihe omume nkịtị gasịrị. Ka ọ na-aga na steepụ, ọ hụrụ ihe a tụgharịrị n'ime bọl n'ụkwụ ya, nke o chere na ọ bụ mbe. Mgbe ha kpọsịrị Marie-Madeleine ka ọ gwa ya ka ọ wepụ ya ma lekọta ya, ha chọpụtara ọnụ, na-achị ọchị, ọdịdị nke ihe ahụ. Site n'ụbọchị ahụ gaa n'ihu, Alexandra kpọrọ ya &quot;Tortue&quot;, nke mbụ n'ihi ntụrụndụ, mgbe ahụ n'ihi omume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jean Chalon&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chalon|first=Jean|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1985|isbn=9782262088750|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChalon1985&quot;&gt;Chalon, Jean (1985). [https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ ''Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel''] (in French). Librairie académique Perrin, Paris. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9782262088750|&lt;bdi&gt;9782262088750&lt;/bdi&gt;]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]
, p.452.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye ==
[[Faịlụ:Ordre_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres_Chevalier_ribbon.svg|áká_èkpè|thumb|110x110px]]
Ordre des Arts et des Lettres Chevalier (Knight), (1996).{{Clear}}

== Ọrụ ==
[[Faịlụ:Dédicace-Marie-Madeleine-Peyronnet.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Nraranye. , mbinye aka na stampụ nke Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet]]

=== Akụkọ ndụ ===

* , (A na-ebipụta ya na dijitalụ).{{Cite book|language=fr|title=Dix ans avec Alexandra David-Néel|editor=[[Plon (publisher)|Plon]]|year=1973|pages=256|publisher=(Plon) réédition numérique FeniXX|isbn=9782259288828|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQHqDwAAQBAJ|accessdate=23 April 2024}}

=== Ihe na-atọ ọchị ===
Anne-Marie Peyronnet sonyere n'ide edemede ahụ.

* , e bipụtara abọm atọ ikpeazụ na 2017, 2018 na 2020. E nwere mbipụta dijitalụ.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Campoy|first=Frédéric ([[cartoonist]])|title=Une vie avec Alexandra David-Néel, 4 albums, pp. 96, 96, 80, 96|year=2016|editor=[[Bamboo Édition]]|isbn=}}

=== Ọrụ A. David-Néel mgbe ọ nwụsịrị nke Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet dezigharịrị ===
N'agbata afọ 1970 na afọ 2018, e bipụtara ọrụ iri abụọ mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'okpuru ọrụ nke M-M. Peyronnet Ndị a bụ naanị ole na ole n'ime ha: &lt;ref&gt;See the full list on the official Maison d'Alexandra David-Néel website: {{Cite web|language=fr|title=A. David-Néel : Biographie|url=https://www.alexandra-david-neel.fr/bibliographie/|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* {{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Journal de voyage : Lettres à son mari, 1904-1917. Vol. 1|editor=[[Plon (publisher)|Plon]]|year=1975|pages=445|isbn=9782259002806|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wx1OzQEACAAJ|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* {{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Journal de voyage : Lettres à son mari, 1918-1940. Vol. 2|editor=Plon|year=1976|pages=359|isbn=2259015247}}
*  (Akwụkwọ a na-achịkọta aha ise e bipụtarala n'oge ndụ Alex. David-Néel, gụnyere: Au pays des brigands gentilshommes, Voyage d'une Parisienne à Lhassa, Sous des nuées d'orage, À l'ouest barbare de la grande Chine, Le vieux Tibet face à la Chine nouvelle. A họọrọ akwụkwọ agbakwunyere na set).{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Grand Tibet et vaste Chine, récits et aventures|editor=Plon|year=1994|pages=|isbn=}} &lt;br /&gt;
* Nke a bụ nhọrọ nke ederede ndị M-M chịkọtara ma gosipụta. Peyronnet na onye nta akụkọ / onye nchịkọta akụkọ French Marc de Smedt.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Voyages et aventures de l'esprit|editor=[[Albin Michel]]|year=1994|pages=|isbn=}}
* , jikọtara akwụkwọ abụọ e bipụtara iche na 1951 na 1958.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Ashtavakra Gita &amp; Avadhuta Gita|editor=[[Éditions du Rocher]]|year=1979|pages=149|isbn=2-268-016-90-0}}

=== Okwu mbido ===

* , okwu mmalite nke [[André Velter]] na Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=[[Priscilla Telmon]]|title=Himalayas, sur les pas d'Alexandra David-Néel|editor=[[Actes Sud]]|year=2010|pages=210|publisher=Actes Sud|isbn=978-2742793419}}

== Ebe e si nweta ya ==

* , akụkụ e hotara: peeji nke 452.{{Cite book|author=[[Jean Chalon|Chalon Jean]]|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1986|pages=557|isbn=2-266-14357-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Rose des sables et lion des neiges, La vie singulière de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, odeakwụkwọ Alexandra David-Néel (n'asụsụ French). Paris: Nights uhie. peeji nke 240. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2913112629&lt;/nowiki&gt;.{{Cite book|author=[[Désiré-Marchand, Joelle]]|language=fr|title=Rose des sables et lion des neiges, La vie singulière de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire d'Alexandra David-Néel|location=Paris|pages=240|date=2018|publisher=Les Nuits rouges|isbn=978-2913112629}}

== Edemsibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* {{Cite web|language=fr|title=Official website of the Alexandra David-Néel Association|url=http://www.alexandra-david-neel.com/|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* {{Cite web|language=fr|title=Official Alexandra David-Néel website maintained by the Alexandra David-Néel Association|url=http://www.alexandra-david-neel.fr/|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* {{Cite web|language=fr|title=Je ne suis qu'un trait d'union entre elle et vous, interview with M-M.Peyronnet on 10 December 2012|url=http://stefmartin.over-blog.com/article--je-ne-suis-qu-un-trait-d-union-entre-elle-est-vous--38623795.html|accessdate=23 April 2024|archivedate=10 December 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121210052228/http://stefmartin.over-blog.com/article--je-ne-suis-qu-un-trait-d-union-entre-elle-est-vous--38623795.html}}
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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'''Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet''', A mụrụ ya na 30 Juun 1930 na De Foucauld (French Algeria, nke bụzi Rechaiga, Algeria, ma nwụọ na 24 Eprel 2023 na Digne-les-Bains, ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ nke onye nyocha Alexandra David-Néel site na 1959 ruo 1969. Aha ya bụ &quot;Tortue&quot; (Tortue) site n'aka onye nke ikpeazụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka ya ruo afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya. O dere akụkọ ndụ nke afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ Alexandra David-Néel. O dezikwara ihe odide Alexandra, gụnyere ozi sara mbara ya na di ya site na 1904 ruo 1940 (na mpịakọta abụọ).

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
Ọ jụrụ '''Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet''' na 30 June 1930 na De Foucauld ([[Algeria]]&quot; id=&quot;mwEQ&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;French Algeria&quot;&gt;French Algeria, ugbu a Rechaiga, Algeria&lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;francetvinfo_2761958&quot; /&gt;. Ọ tolitere na Rechaïga, Algeria, ebe ezinụlọ ya biri kemgbe ọgbọ anọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jean Chalon&quot; /&gt; Nna ya, onye bụbu onye agha, bụ onye ọrụ gọọmentị. A zụlitere Marie-Madeleine n'ezinụlọ ndị Katọlik siri ike, mana ọ na-arọ nrọ naanị ịgagharị.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na itoolu, mgbe ọ nọsịrị ntorobịa ya niile na Algérois, Marie-Madeleine bịara soro nwanne ya nwanyị, onye nwere họtel, nọrọ na Aix-en-Provence.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jean Chalon&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chalon|first=Jean|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1985|isbn=9782262088750|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChalon1985&quot;&gt;Chalon, Jean (1985). [https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ ''Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel''] (in French). Librairie académique Perrin, Paris. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9782262088750|&lt;bdi&gt;9782262088750&lt;/bdi&gt;]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]
, p.452.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ n'oge ọnụnọ a ka o zutere Alexandra David-Néel n'amaghị ama, onye nọ n'Aix ma na-achọ odeakwụkwọ. A malitere were Marie-Madeleine n'ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nkeonwe ruo ọnwa atọ, mana ọ nọgidere na-ejere onye nchọpụta ahụ ozi ruo afọ iri ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na Digne-les-Bains &lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebe ọ ketara ikike ibi na Samten Dzong (n'asụsụ Tibetan: &quot;Ebe Nkwado nke Ntụgharị uche&quot;), ụlọ Alexandra David-Néel, o nyere aka na mbipụta nke ọrụ onye nchọpụta ahụ dere na Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 8 Septemba 1969 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;Samten Dzong&quot;, maison d'Alexandra David-Néel à Digne-les-Bains|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2FRegions%2FDrac-Provence-Alpes-Cote-d-Azur%2FPolitique-et-actions-culturelles%2FLe-label-Maison-des-illustres%2FSamten-Dzong-maison-d-Alexandra-David-Neel-a-Digne-les-Bains#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

N'afọ 1977, o guzobere Alexandra David-Néel Association . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alexandra David Néel ( Official Website)|url=http://www.alexandra-david-neel.com|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nke a bụ òtù na-abụghị maka uru n'okpuru iwu France, nke mepụtara ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie site n'ime ka nchịkọta ya baa ọgaranya.&lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ịbụ onye obodo Digne-les-Bains were n'ọrụ, Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet lekọtara ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ahụ ruo 1995, na-ahazi nnabata kwa ụbọchị nke ndị njem nleta na ndị isi France na ndị mba ọzọ na ndị nsụgharị ha, gụnyere ndị ọbịa Tibet dị ka Dalai Lama nke iri na anọ na 1982 na 1986, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=La maison Alexandra David-Neel à Digne-les-Bains|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livre.alpes-haute-provence.fr%2Falexandra-david-neel-digne-les-bains%2F#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ndị otu ndị Tibet, ndị na-eti egwu, ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe (ndị na-ese osisi) na ndị mọnk bịara ime sanddala nke a na-egosi na ebe ngosi ihe n'oge ahụ&lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Marion Dapsance|title=La Forteresse de la méditation. Ethnographie de la Fondation Alexandra David-Neel.|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/display2.php/attachment.pdf?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2FMedia%2FThematiques%2FConnaissance-des-patrimoines%2FFiles%2FAllocations-de-formation-et-de-recherche%2FArchives-des-Allocations-Formation-recherche-du-Patrimoine-ethnologique%2FAllocataires-2014%2FLa-Forteresse-de-la-meditation-une-maison-des-illustres_-DAPSANCE-Marion|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Marie-Madeleine chịkọtara ma bipụta Lettres à son mari (Akwụkwọ ozi nye di ya) na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ Alexandra David- dere mgbe ọ nwụsịrị. N'afọ 1973, o bipụtara akụkọ ndụ, Dix ans avec Alexandra David-Néel, na-ebufe ikike nwebisiinka na njikọ ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Akwụkwọ ahụ, nke e dere n'ime izu atọ, bụ nke Plon bipụtara ma merie Prix des Journalistes (The Journalists' Prize) ma depụta ya maka Prix Vérité. E bipụtara mbipụta ọhụrụ na 2005, na ederede ise ọzọ agbakwunyere na 2003 mgbe Nymphenburger Verlag bipụtara nsụgharị German. [de]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fgrandbiv.cluster006.ovh.net%2Fjoomla15%2Ffestival-2011%2Finvites-2011%2Fmarie-madeleine-peyronnet#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Joëlle Désiré-Marchand]] dere ma bipụta akụkọ ndụ Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet na 2018, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Désiré-Marchand|language=fr|first=Joëlle|year=2009|title=Alexandra David-Néel, Vie et voyages: Itinéraires géographiques et spirituels|publisher=Arthaud|isbn=9782081273870}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye bipụtarala akụkọ ndụ Alexandra David-Néel na 2009.[10]

Ọ nwụrụ na 24 Eprel 2023 na Digne-les-Bains . &lt;ref name=&quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet|url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url|accessdate=30 March 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Falexandra-david-neel.com%2F100Accueil9MMP.60.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&amp;tab=url &quot;Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 March&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;francetvinfo_2761958&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Décès de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire particulière d'Alexandra David-Néel, à Digne-les-Bains (Death of Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, Alexandra David-Néel's private secretary).|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/alpes-de-haute-provence/digne-les-bains/le-deces-de-marie-madeleine-peyronnet-secretaire-particuliere-d-alexandra-david-neel-a-digne-les-bains-2761958.html|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/alpes-de-haute-provence/digne-les-bains/le-deces-de-marie-madeleine-peyronnet-secretaire-particuliere-d-alexandra-david-neel-a-digne-les-bains-2761958.html &quot;Décès de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire particulière d'Alexandra David-Néel, à Digne-les-Bains (Death of Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, Alexandra David-Néel's private secretary)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== A na-akpọ ya &quot;Tortue&quot; ==
[[Faịlụ:Carte-de-visite-Marie-Madeleine-Peyronnet.jpg|alt=Carte de visite signée de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet.|thumb|230x230px|Kaadị nleta nke nwere Tortoise, nke Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet bịanyere aka.]]
Alexandra David-Néel nyere Marie-Madeleine aha njirimara ''&quot;''&quot;Turtle&quot;''&quot; (Tortoise) '' mgbe ihe omume nkịtị gasịrị. Ka ọ na-aga na steepụ, ọ hụrụ ihe a tụgharịrị n'ime bọl n'ụkwụ ya, nke o chere na ọ bụ mbe. Mgbe ha kpọsịrị Marie-Madeleine ka ọ gwa ya ka ọ wepụ ya ma lekọta ya, ha chọpụtara ọnụ, na-achị ọchị, ọdịdị nke ihe ahụ. Site n'ụbọchị ahụ gaa n'ihu, Alexandra kpọrọ ya &quot;Tortue&quot;, nke mbụ n'ihi ntụrụndụ, mgbe ahụ n'ihi omume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jean Chalon&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chalon|first=Jean|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1985|isbn=9782262088750|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChalon1985&quot;&gt;Chalon, Jean (1985). [https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ ''Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel''] (in French). Librairie académique Perrin, Paris. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9782262088750|&lt;bdi&gt;9782262088750&lt;/bdi&gt;]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]
, p.452.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye ==
[[Faịlụ:Ordre_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres_Chevalier_ribbon.svg|áká_èkpè|thumb|110x110px]]
Ordre des Arts et des Lettres Chevalier (Knight), (1996).{{Clear}}

== Ọrụ ==
[[Faịlụ:Dédicace-Marie-Madeleine-Peyronnet.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Nraranye. , mbinye aka na stampụ nke Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet]]

=== Akụkọ ndụ ===

* , (A na-ebipụta ya na dijitalụ).{{Cite book|language=fr|title=Dix ans avec Alexandra David-Néel|editor=[[Plon (publisher)|Plon]]|year=1973|pages=256|publisher=(Plon) réédition numérique FeniXX|isbn=9782259288828|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQHqDwAAQBAJ|accessdate=23 April 2024}}

=== Ihe na-atọ ọchị ===
Anne-Marie Peyronnet sonyere n'ide edemede ahụ.

* , e bipụtara abọm atọ ikpeazụ na 2017, 2018 na 2020. E nwere mbipụta dijitalụ.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Campoy|first=Frédéric ([[cartoonist]])|title=Une vie avec Alexandra David-Néel, 4 albums, pp. 96, 96, 80, 96|year=2016|editor=[[Bamboo Édition]]|isbn=}}

=== Ọrụ A. David-Néel mgbe ọ nwụsịrị nke Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet dezigharịrị ===
N'agbata afọ 1970 na afọ 2018, e bipụtara ọrụ iri abụọ mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'okpuru ọrụ nke M-M. Peyronnet Ndị a bụ naanị ole na ole n'ime ha: &lt;ref&gt;See the full list on the official Maison d'Alexandra David-Néel website: {{Cite web|language=fr|title=A. David-Néel : Biographie|url=https://www.alexandra-david-neel.fr/bibliographie/|accessdate=23 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* {{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Journal de voyage : Lettres à son mari, 1904-1917. Vol. 1|editor=[[Plon (publisher)|Plon]]|year=1975|pages=445|isbn=9782259002806|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wx1OzQEACAAJ|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* {{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Journal de voyage : Lettres à son mari, 1918-1940. Vol. 2|editor=Plon|year=1976|pages=359|isbn=2259015247}}
*  (Akwụkwọ a na-achịkọta aha ise e bipụtarala n'oge ndụ Alex. David-Néel, gụnyere: Au pays des brigands gentilshommes, Voyage d'une Parisienne à Lhassa, Sous des nuées d'orage, À l'ouest barbare de la grande Chine, Le vieux Tibet face à la Chine nouvelle. A họọrọ akwụkwọ agbakwunyere na set).{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Grand Tibet et vaste Chine, récits et aventures|editor=Plon|year=1994|pages=|isbn=}} &lt;br /&gt;
* Nke a bụ nhọrọ nke ederede ndị M-M chịkọtara ma gosipụta. Peyronnet na onye nta akụkọ / onye nchịkọta akụkọ French Marc de Smedt.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Voyages et aventures de l'esprit|editor=[[Albin Michel]]|year=1994|pages=|isbn=}}
* , jikọtara akwụkwọ abụọ e bipụtara iche na 1951 na 1958.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=Alexandra David-Néel|title=Ashtavakra Gita &amp; Avadhuta Gita|editor=[[Éditions du Rocher]]|year=1979|pages=149|isbn=2-268-016-90-0}}

=== Okwu mbido ===

* , okwu mmalite nke [[André Velter]] na Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet.{{Cite book|language=fr|author=[[Priscilla Telmon]]|title=Himalayas, sur les pas d'Alexandra David-Néel|editor=[[Actes Sud]]|year=2010|pages=210|publisher=Actes Sud|isbn=978-2742793419}}

== Ebe e si nweta ya ==

* , akụkụ e hotara: peeji nke 452.{{Cite book|author=[[Jean Chalon|Chalon Jean]]|title=Le lumineux destin d'Alexandra David-Néel|publisher=Librairie académique Perrin, Paris|series=|year=1986|pages=557|isbn=2-266-14357-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-7vDwAAQBAJ|language=fr|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Rose des sables et lion des neiges, La vie singulière de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, odeakwụkwọ Alexandra David-Néel (n'asụsụ French). Paris: Nights uhie. peeji nke 240. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2913112629&lt;/nowiki&gt;.{{Cite book|author=[[Désiré-Marchand, Joelle]]|language=fr|title=Rose des sables et lion des neiges, La vie singulière de Marie-Madeleine Peyronnet, secrétaire d'Alexandra David-Néel|location=Paris|pages=240|date=2018|publisher=Les Nuits rouges|isbn=978-2913112629}}

== Edemsibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* {{Cite web|language=fr|title=Official website of the Alexandra David-Néel Association|url=http://www.alexandra-david-neel.com/|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* {{Cite web|language=fr|title=Official Alexandra David-Néel website maintained by the Alexandra David-Néel Association|url=http://www.alexandra-david-neel.fr/|accessdate=23 April 2024}}
* {{Cite web|language=fr|title=Je ne suis qu'un trait d'union entre elle et vous, interview with M-M.Peyronnet on 10 December 2012|url=http://stefmartin.over-blog.com/article--je-ne-suis-qu-un-trait-d-union-entre-elle-est-vous--38623795.html|accessdate=23 April 2024|archivedate=10 December 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121210052228/http://stefmartin.over-blog.com/article--je-ne-suis-qu-un-trait-d-union-entre-elle-est-vous--38623795.html}}
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1282517720|Maggi Lidchi-Grassi]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="2131" sha1="ldwoenpidxtpovidl7q9v4vnkuxlax3" xml:space="preserve">'''Marguerite (Maggi) Lidchi-Grassi''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1930 na Paris) bụ onye edemede na onye nkuzi ime mmụọ.

== Ndụ na ihe odide ==
N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ biri na South Africa, mana o mechara laghachi Paris, ebe ọ zutere nwa nwanne nne ya nke lanarịrị Auschwitz. Mgbalị ịghọta ihe mere ihe ji ghara ịdị mma mere ka ọ chọpụta ọrụ Sri Aurobindo, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa. N'afọ 1959, ọ lụrụ di ma biri ọzọ n'Africa, o kpebiri ịhapụ di ya na ezinụlọ ya, mgbe o mechara gbalịa ime ka ọ ghara inwe obi ike, ọ gara Sri Aurobindo Ashram dị na Puducherry, India, ebe ọ ka bi. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ''Domani'' (Tomorrow), akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-ebipụta kwa nkeji iri na ise n'asụsụ Italian nke ashram bipụtara kemgbe 1968.

Ọ na-ahọrọ ide ihe n'asụsụ Bekee, ma mepụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, akụkọ mkpirikpi, uri na egwuregwu. Akwụkwọ ya, ''The Light That Shone into the Dark Abyss'', gụnyere ịgbagha mmekọrịta a na-ekwu na ọ dị n'etiti ọhụụ Aurobindo nke mmepe uche / ime mmụọ dị elu maka ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ na echiche Nazi nke &quot;Master Race&quot;.

Akwụkwọ ya kachasị ọhụrụ, ''The Great Golden Sacrifice of the Mahabharata'', bụ akụkọ banyere akụkọ ifo ahụ site n'echiche nke Ashwatthama.

== Ọrụ ndị ahọpụtara ==

* Earthman, Victor Gollancz (1967). E bipụtara ya dị ka ''Man of Earth'' in the United States site n'aka William Morrow (1968). E mere mgbanwe ahụ n'ihi na ''Onye Ụwa''-ebipụta ya chere na aha mbụ ahụ dị ka akụkọ sayensị.
* ''Nwunye Mbụ'', Littlehampton (1981)   
* Great Sir &amp; the Heaven Lady: Ezi Akụkọ nke Ahụmahụ nke Nwoke Ndị Agha America nke A Na-eduzi n'Ime mmụọ site na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Writer's Workshop (1993)   
* The Light That Shone into the Dark Abyss, Sri Aurobindo Ashram Publications (1994)   
* The Great Golden Sacrifice of the Mahabharata (Zuru ezu n'otu mpịakọta), Random House India (2012)   

== Ihe odide ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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'''Marie Jeanne &quot;May&quot; Picqueray''' (8 Julaị 1898, Savenay - 3 Nọvemba 1983, 14th arrondissement nke Paris) bụ onye France na-akwado ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye na-akwado otu ndị ọrụ, na onye a ma ama na-emegide ndị agha. O bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ Le Réfractaire nke na-akwado ndị agha site na 1974 ruo 1983..

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
Na 1921, usoro ikpe ziri ezi nke Amerịka mara mmadụ abụọ bụ́ ndị na-emegide ọchịchị aka ike nke ndị Itali ikpe ọnwụ, ebe ha na-eti mkpu na aka ha dị ọcha. N'agbanyeghị na ndị otu aka ekpe na-akwalite ngagharị iwe, ndị nta akụkọ France gbachiri nkịtị. Iji kpalite mkpọsa mgbasa ozi ahụ, May Picqueray zigara bọmbụ ngwugwu nwere bọmbụ nchebe na akwụkwọ nta na ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya Amerịka. &quot;Mmalite&quot; a gara nke ọma n'ịkwalite ndị nta akụkọ, na-enweghị mmebi ọ bụla ma e wezụga ihe. N'agbanyeghị oke ngagharị iwe zuru ụwa ọnụ maka nkwado ha, e gburu Sacco na Vanzetti na 1927 - ma mee ka ha dịghachi ndụ na 1978.. 

N'ịbụ onye na-adọrọ mmasị n'oge ọ bụ nwata n'etiti ndị na-eme mgbanwe, May Picqueray hapụrụ France gaa Moscow, Russia, na 1922, dị ka onye nnọchi anya Metalworkers union, nke bụ akụkụ nke Red Trade Union International n'oge ahụ. Mgbe ọ nọ na Moscow, ọ rịgooro na tebụl iji katọọ ndị otu na-eri nri mgbe ndị nkịtị nọ n'agụụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Picqueray, May.|title=My Eighty-One Years of Anarchy : a Memoir.|date=2019|publisher=AK Press|others=Sharkey, Paul.|isbn=978-1-84935-323-6|location=Chico, CA|oclc=1085177590}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gakwara Vladimir Lenin, onye ọrịa nke mechara gbuo ya mebiri. N'ihi ibu ọrụ Leon Trotsky n'ịkwụsị Nnupụisi nke Kronstadt, na echiche ya banyere aghụghọ Nestor Makhno, ọ jụrụ imenye aka ya mgbe ọ zutere ya, ọbụlagodi na ọ gwara ya ka ọ tọhapụ ndị anarchist Ndị Bolshevik kpọchiri n'ụlọ mkpọrọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Trasciatti|first=Mary Anne|date=June 2011|title=The Sacco-Vanzetti Affair: America on Trial. By Moshik Temkin. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009. Pp. xii, 316. $35.00.)|journal=The New England Quarterly|volume=84|issue=2|pages=352–355|doi=10.1162/tneq_r_00094|issn=0028-4866}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1924, o mere ihe ike n'ọgbakọ Grange-aux-Belles ebe ndị kọmunist gburu ndị ọrụ abụọ na-anaghị eme ihe ike site n'iji egbe. Ọbụbụenyi ya na Emma Goldman na Alexander Berkman tinyere njem ya na USSR gosiri na ọchịchị kọmunist bụ ọchịchị aka ike, ọ bụ ezie na Stalin anọghị n'isi obodo ahụ.

Picqueray joined the &quot;Spanish Children's Aid Committee&quot; where her activity consisted of transporting Spanish orphans and reuniting the scattered family members separated by the Spanish war. She was in Toulouse at the time of the Debacle where she was in charge of welcoming refugees. Then she was in charge of supplying the French concentration camps of Noé and Vernet, from where she managed to escape nine internees. Her resistance activity consisted mainly in making false papers, in association with Renée Lamberet and Madeleine Lamberet, for all those who needed them. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A feminist before her time, May Picqueray lived as an independent woman without depriving herself of having a family. She therefore raised her three children, born of three different fathers, alone. Married in Saint-Nazaire on 22 July 1916, to Fred Schneyder, of Dutch nationality, she separated three weeks later. In 1923, she gave birth to a daughter, Sonia, conceived during her trip to the Soviet Union with Lucien Chevalier, federal secretary of the Metal Federation. Then in August 1930, she married François Niel and had a son, Lucien. Finally, in 1941, in the midst of the war, she gave birth to a daughter, Marie-May, whom she conceived with Isaac Gilman, a Belarusian Jew who had taken refuge in Toulouse. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A friend of Louis Lecoin, she was associated with all his struggles and continued her life as an activist after his death. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi na Nnupụisi nke May 1968, ọ sonyere na mkpọsa mgbochi nuklia ma kwado ndị jụrụ n'ihi akọ na uche na ndị na-eguzogide ije ozi agha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Abidor, Mitchell|title=May made me : an oral history of the 1968 uprising in France|date=10 April 2018|isbn=978-1-84935-310-6|location=[Chico, CA]|oclc=1006314267}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ''Ndụ ọrụ'' ===
May Picqueray was one of the figures of the proofreaders' union. She was a proofreader at Ce Soir, Libération and for twenty years at Le Canard enchaîné. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== ''Onye Nnupụisi'' ===
[[Faịlụ:Le_Refractaire_1983.jpg|thumb]]
Onye dị mkpa n'etiti ndị anarchist nke France, May Picqueray bụ onye guzobere akwụkwọ akụkọ Le Réfractaire (&quot;Òtù Libertarian maka ịgbachitere udo na nnwere onwe onwe onwe onwe onye&quot;), nke ọ na-ebipụta kwa ọnwa site na 1 Eprel 1974, ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 2 Nọvemba 1983. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto na-ajụ ọrụ, ndị na-ese ihe, na ndị na-emepụta ihe kwadoro ya na mbọ ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Picqueray, May.|title=My Eighty-One Years of Anarchy : a Memoir.|date=2019|publisher=AK Press|others=Sharkey, Paul.|isbn=978-1-84935-323-6|location=Chico, CA|oclc=1085177590}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPicqueray,_May.2019&quot;&gt;Picqueray, May. (2019). ''My Eighty-One Years of Anarchy : a Memoir''. Sharkey, Paul. Chico, CA: AK Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-84935-323-6|&lt;bdi&gt;978-1-84935-323-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1085177590 1085177590].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ''Ụtụ Isi'' ===
Since 2015, a garden pays tribute to her, at 94, boulevard Richard-Lenoir, the May-Picqueray garden in the 11th arrondissement of Paris. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Picqueray, May}}
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'''Marie Jeanne &quot;May&quot; Picqueray''' (8 Julaị 1898, Savenay - 3 Nọvemba 1983, 14th arrondissement nke Paris) bụ onye France na-akwado ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye na-akwado otu ndị ọrụ, na onye a ma ama na-emegide ndị agha. O bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ Le Réfractaire nke na-akwado ndị agha site na 1974 ruo 1983..

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
Na 1921, usoro ikpe ziri ezi nke Amerịka mara mmadụ abụọ bụ́ ndị na-emegide ọchịchị aka ike nke ndị Itali ikpe ọnwụ, ebe ha na-eti mkpu na aka ha dị ọcha. N'agbanyeghị na ndị otu aka ekpe na-akwalite ngagharị iwe, ndị nta akụkọ France gbachiri nkịtị. Iji kpalite mkpọsa mgbasa ozi ahụ, May Picqueray zigara bọmbụ ngwugwu nwere bọmbụ nchebe na akwụkwọ nta na ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya Amerịka. &quot;Mmalite&quot; a gara nke ọma n'ịkwalite ndị nta akụkọ, na-enweghị mmebi ọ bụla ma e wezụga ihe. N'agbanyeghị oke ngagharị iwe zuru ụwa ọnụ maka nkwado ha, e gburu Sacco na Vanzetti na 1927 - ma mee ka ha dịghachi ndụ na 1978.. 

N'ịbụ onye na-adọrọ mmasị n'oge ọ bụ nwata n'etiti ndị na-eme mgbanwe, May Picqueray hapụrụ France gaa Moscow, Russia, na 1922, dị ka onye nnọchi anya Metalworkers union, nke bụ akụkụ nke Red Trade Union International n'oge ahụ. Mgbe ọ nọ na Moscow, ọ rịgooro na tebụl iji katọọ ndị otu na-eri nri mgbe ndị nkịtị nọ n'agụụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ọ gakwara Vladimir Lenin, onye ọrịa nke mechara gbuo ya mebiri. N'ihi ibu ọrụ Leon Trotsky n'ịkwụsị Nnupụisi nke Kronstadt, na echiche ya banyere aghụghọ Nestor Makhno, ọ jụrụ imenye aka ya mgbe ọ zutere ya, ọbụlagodi na ọ gwara ya ka ọ tọhapụ ndị anarchist Ndị Bolshevik kpọchiri n'ụlọ mkpọrọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Trasciatti|first=Mary Anne|date=June 2011|title=The Sacco-Vanzetti Affair: America on Trial. By Moshik Temkin. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009. Pp. xii, 316. $35.00.)|journal=The New England Quarterly|volume=84|issue=2|pages=352–355|doi=10.1162/tneq_r_00094|issn=0028-4866}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1924, o mere ihe ike n'ọgbakọ Grange-aux-Belles ebe ndị kọmunist gburu ndị ọrụ abụọ na-anaghị eme ihe ike site n'iji egbe. Ọbụbụenyi ya na Emma Goldman na Alexander Berkman tinyere njem ya na USSR gosiri na ọchịchị kọmunist bụ ọchịchị aka ike, ọ bụ ezie na Stalin anọghị n'isi obodo ahụ.

Picqueray joined the &quot;Spanish Children's Aid Committee&quot; where her activity consisted of transporting Spanish orphans and reuniting the scattered family members separated by the Spanish war. She was in Toulouse at the time of the Debacle where she was in charge of welcoming refugees. Then she was in charge of supplying the French concentration camps of Noé and Vernet, from where she managed to escape nine internees. Her resistance activity consisted mainly in making false papers, in association with Renée Lamberet and Madeleine Lamberet, for all those who needed them. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A feminist before her time, May Picqueray lived as an independent woman without depriving herself of having a family. She therefore raised her three children, born of three different fathers, alone. Married in Saint-Nazaire on 22 July 1916, to Fred Schneyder, of Dutch nationality, she separated three weeks later. In 1923, she gave birth to a daughter, Sonia, conceived during her trip to the Soviet Union with Lucien Chevalier, federal secretary of the Metal Federation. Then in August 1930, she married François Niel and had a son, Lucien. Finally, in 1941, in the midst of the war, she gave birth to a daughter, Marie-May, whom she conceived with Isaac Gilman, a Belarusian Jew who had taken refuge in Toulouse. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

A friend of Louis Lecoin, she was associated with all his struggles and continued her life as an activist after his death. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

Onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi na Nnupụisi nke May 1968, ọ sonyere na mkpọsa mgbochi nuklia ma kwado ndị jụrụ n'ihi akọ na uche na ndị na-eguzogide ije ozi agha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Abidor, Mitchell|title=May made me : an oral history of the 1968 uprising in France|date=10 April 2018|isbn=978-1-84935-310-6|location=[Chico, CA]|oclc=1006314267}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ''Ndụ ọrụ'' ===
May Picqueray was one of the figures of the proofreaders' union. She was a proofreader at Ce Soir, Libération and for twenty years at Le Canard enchaîné. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

=== ''Onye Nnupụisi'' ===
[[Faịlụ:Le_Refractaire_1983.jpg|thumb]]
Onye dị mkpa n'etiti ndị anarchist nke France, May Picqueray bụ onye guzobere akwụkwọ akụkọ Le Réfractaire (&quot;Òtù Libertarian maka ịgbachitere udo na nnwere onwe onwe onwe onwe onye&quot;), nke ọ na-ebipụta kwa ọnwa site na 1 Eprel 1974, ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 2 Nọvemba 1983. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto na-ajụ ọrụ, ndị na-ese ihe, na ndị na-emepụta ihe kwadoro ya na mbọ ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Picqueray, May.|title=My Eighty-One Years of Anarchy : a Memoir.|date=2019|publisher=AK Press|others=Sharkey, Paul.|isbn=978-1-84935-323-6|location=Chico, CA|oclc=1085177590}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPicqueray,_May.2019&quot;&gt;Picqueray, May. (2019). ''My Eighty-One Years of Anarchy : a Memoir''. Sharkey, Paul. Chico, CA: AK Press. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-84935-323-6|&lt;bdi&gt;978-1-84935-323-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1085177590 1085177590].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ''Ụtụ Isi'' ===
Since 2015, a garden pays tribute to her, at 94, boulevard Richard-Lenoir, the May-Picqueray garden in the 11th arrondissement of Paris. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Picqueray, May}}
[[Otú:Articles with hCards]]
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342047048|Gisèle Pineau]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Gisèle Pineau''' (amụrụ na 18 Mee 1956) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/164018|title=Voices from the Gaps|work=conservancy.umn.edu|accessdate=Jun 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye France na-ede akwụkwọ, onye edemede na onye bụbu nọọsụ ọrịa uche. Ọ bụ ezie na a mụrụ ya na Paris, ọ bụ onye Guadeloupean, o dekwara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara ihe isi ike na ahụhụ nke nwata ya dịka onye isi ojii mgbe ọ na-etolite na obodo Paris.

== Mbido ndụ na ọrụ ==
N'afọ 1956, a mụrụ Gisèle Pineau na Paris, France. N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ọ kewara oge ya n'etiti France na Guadeloupe n'ihi na nna ya nọ n'ọrụ agha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/164018|title=Voices from the Gaps|work=conservancy.umn.edu|accessdate=Jun 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pineau lụsoro njirimara ya dị ka onye Black si mba ọzọ ọgụ n'ihi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na xenophobia ọ nwere n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya ndị ọcha niile dị na Kremlin-Bicêtre.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Pineau malitere ide ihe iji kasie ihe isi ike nke ịzụlite French ya na ihe nketa Caribbean obi, ebe ọrụ ya ga-ejikọ ọdịbendị abụọ ahụ kama ikewapụ ha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Pineau|first=Gisele|date=2004|title=An Interview with Gisele Pineau|journal=Research in African Literatures|volume=35|issue=1|pages=180–186|doi=10.1353/ral.2004.0034|issn=1527-2044}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Suárez|first=Lucía M.|date=2001|title=Gisèle Pineau: Writing the Dimensions of Migration|journal=World Literature Today|volume=75|issue=314|pages=8–21|doi=10.2307/40156744}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-ejikọta ya na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na ''Creole'', na 1990s ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị edemede a ma ama na Guadeloupe, n'akụkụ Ernest Pépin  .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Taylor|first=Lucien|title=Créolité Bites|journal=Transition|date=1997|issue=74|pages=124–161|doi=10.2307/2935377|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2935377|issn=0041-1191}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ihe odide ya, ọ na-eji ọdịnala a na-ekwu n'ọnụ nke ịkọ akụkọ n'ọrụ akụkọ ifo iji weghachite akụkọ ọdịbendị Caribbean.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Suárez|first=Lucía M.|date=2001|title=Gisèle Pineau: Writing the Dimensions of Migration|journal=World Literature Today|volume=75|issue=314|pages=8–21|doi=10.2307/40156744}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSuárez2001&quot;&gt;Suárez, Lucía M. (2001). &quot;Gisèle Pineau: Writing the Dimensions of Migration&quot;. ''World Literature Today''. '''75''' (314): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8–&lt;/span&gt;21. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/40156744|10.2307/40156744]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&amp;nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/40156744 40156744].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-elekwasịkwa anya n'ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na mmetụta ọ nwere ike inwe n'ahụ nwa agbọghọ na-agbalị ịchọpụta omenala nke ya. Akwụkwọ ya bụ L'Exil Selon Julia na-eme ka nke a pụta ìhè, ebe ọ na-adabere na ncheta na ahụmịhe nke nne nne ya meworo agadi iji nyere ya aka ịmụta banyere omenala obodo ya na ndabere omenala nke ya. N'akwụkwọ ahụ, o kwukwara na ịkpa ókè ọ chere mgbe ọ bụ nwata emetụtaghị naanị ọha mmadụ France na Paris, kamakwa nye ndị Guadeloupe, bụ́ ndị jụrụ ya maka ịbụ onye na-eme ihe n'ụwa mgbe ọ lọtara n'ala ndị nna nna ya.

Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọ biri na Paris ma, ka ọ na-anọgide na-ede akwụkwọ, ọ laghachikwara ịbụ onye nọọsụ na-ahụ maka isi mgbaka iji kwado ndụ ya; mana ọ laghachiri Guadeloupe n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ile-en-ile.org/pineau/|title=Gisèle Pineau|date=1999-05-13|work=Île en île|language=fr-FR|accessdate=2020-04-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ==
 

== Edemsibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.lehman.cuny.edu/ile.en.ile/paroles/pineau.html Gisèle Pineau]
* L'Exil Selon Julia (Exile dị ka Julia si kwuo) E debere ya na  Wayback Machine
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'''Gisèle Pineau''' (amụrụ na 18 Mee 1956) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/164018|title=Voices from the Gaps|work=conservancy.umn.edu|accessdate=Jun 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye France na-ede akwụkwọ, onye edemede na onye bụbu nọọsụ ọrịa uche. Ọ bụ ezie na a mụrụ ya na Paris, ọ bụ onye Guadeloupean, o dekwara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara ihe isi ike na ahụhụ nke nwata ya dịka onye isi ojii mgbe ọ na-etolite na obodo Paris.

== Mbido ndụ na ọrụ ==
N'afọ 1956, a mụrụ Gisèle Pineau na Paris, France. N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ọ kewara oge ya n'etiti France na Guadeloupe n'ihi na nna ya nọ n'ọrụ agha.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/164018|title=Voices from the Gaps|work=conservancy.umn.edu|accessdate=Jun 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pineau lụsoro njirimara ya dị ka onye Black si mba ọzọ ọgụ n'ihi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na xenophobia ọ nwere n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya ndị ọcha niile dị na Kremlin-Bicêtre.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Pineau malitere ide ihe iji kasie ihe isi ike nke ịzụlite French ya na ihe nketa Caribbean obi, ebe ọrụ ya ga-ejikọ ọdịbendị abụọ ahụ kama ikewapụ ha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Pineau|first=Gisele|date=2004|title=An Interview with Gisele Pineau|journal=Research in African Literatures|volume=35|issue=1|pages=180–186|doi=10.1353/ral.2004.0034|issn=1527-2044}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ọ na-ejikọta ya na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na ''Creole'', na 1990s ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị edemede a ma ama na Guadeloupe, n'akụkụ Ernest Pépin  .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Taylor|first=Lucien|title=Créolité Bites|journal=Transition|date=1997|issue=74|pages=124–161|doi=10.2307/2935377|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2935377|issn=0041-1191}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ihe odide ya, ọ na-eji ọdịnala a na-ekwu n'ọnụ nke ịkọ akụkọ n'ọrụ akụkọ ifo iji weghachite akụkọ ọdịbendị Caribbean.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Suárez|first=Lucía M.|date=2001|title=Gisèle Pineau: Writing the Dimensions of Migration|journal=World Literature Today|volume=75|issue=314|pages=8–21|doi=10.2307/40156744}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSuárez2001&quot;&gt;Suárez, Lucía M. (2001). &quot;Gisèle Pineau: Writing the Dimensions of Migration&quot;. ''World Literature Today''. '''75''' (314): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;8–&lt;/span&gt;21. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/40156744|10.2307/40156744]]. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&amp;nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/40156744 40156744].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ na-elekwasịkwa anya n'ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na mmetụta ọ nwere ike inwe n'ahụ nwa agbọghọ na-agbalị ịchọpụta omenala nke ya. Akwụkwọ ya bụ L'Exil Selon Julia na-eme ka nke a pụta ìhè, ebe ọ na-adabere na ncheta na ahụmịhe nke nne nne ya meworo agadi iji nyere ya aka ịmụta banyere omenala obodo ya na ndabere omenala nke ya. N'akwụkwọ ahụ, o kwukwara na ịkpa ókè ọ chere mgbe ọ bụ nwata emetụtaghị naanị ọha mmadụ France na Paris, kamakwa nye ndị Guadeloupe, bụ́ ndị jụrụ ya maka ịbụ onye na-eme ihe n'ụwa mgbe ọ lọtara n'ala ndị nna nna ya.

Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọ biri na Paris ma, ka ọ na-anọgide na-ede akwụkwọ, ọ laghachikwara ịbụ onye nọọsụ na-ahụ maka isi mgbaka iji kwado ndụ ya; mana ọ laghachiri Guadeloupe n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ile-en-ile.org/pineau/|title=Gisèle Pineau|date=1999-05-13|work=Île en île|language=fr-FR|accessdate=2020-04-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ==
 

== Edemsibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [http://www.lehman.cuny.edu/ile.en.ile/paroles/pineau.html Gisèle Pineau]
* L'Exil Selon Julia (Exile dị ka Julia si kwuo) E debere ya na  Wayback Machine
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345858396|Georgette Leblanc]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Georgette Leblanc''' (8 Febụwarị 1869 - 27 Ọktoba 1941)bụ onye French opera soprano, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye edemede, na nwanne onye edemede akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ Maurice Leblanc. Ọ malitere inwe mmasị karịsịa n'ọrụ Jules Massenet ma bụrụkwa onye a ma ama maka ọrụ aha ya na Bizet's Carmen. .

Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, Leblanc bụ onye hụrụ onye na-ede egwuregwu na onye edemede Belgium bụ́ Maurice Maeterlinck n'anya, o dekwara ọtụtụ akụkụ maka ya n'ime ihe nkiri ya. Ọ gbara Ariane na Ariane et Barbe-bleue, ma n'egwuregwu mbụ nke Maeterlinck mere na 1899 na nke Paul Dukas mere na opera nke 1907, yana La Mort de Tintagiles na 1905 na Paris. Leblanc pụtakwara na fim French ole na ole, ọkachasị L'Inhumaine na 1924. N'ime afọ iri ole na ole gara aga nke ndụ ya, ọ tụgharịrị gaa n'ide ihe, na-emepụta akụkọ ndụ abụọ gara nke ọma n'ahịa na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ụmụaka na akụkọ njem.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Georgette Leblanc n'ezinụlọ nwere ọdịbendị nke ji nka nke ụdị niile kpọrọ ihe ma gbaa ya ume ịchụso egwu, ime ihe nkiri, na ide ihe. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nwa oge dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Paris tupu ọ mụọ egwu n'okpuru Jules Massenet n'obodo ahụ. O mere ihe nkiri opera ọkachamara ya na Opéra-Comique na 23 Nọvemba 1893 dịka Françoise na egwu Alfred Bruneau nke L'attaque du moulin. Obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ opera ahụ iji bụrụ abụ aha na Bizet's Carmen. Na 1894, ọ sonyeere ndị otu na Théâtre de la Monnaie ebe ọ bụụrụ ọtụtụ egwu maka oge atọ sochirinụ, gụnyere: Anita na La Navarraise na egwu aha na Thaïs na Carmen nke Massenet ọzọ..

N'afọ 1895, Leblanc zutere onye na-ede egwuregwu Maurice Maeterlinck na Brussels onye ya na ya malitere mmekọrịta ịhụnanya afọ 23. N'otu afọ ahụ, di na nwunye ahụ kwagara na mpaghara Passy dị na Paris, bikọ ọnụ n'ihu ọha, nke mere ka ezinụlọ ha bụ́ ndị Katọlik nwee mwute. Leblanc lụrụ nwoke Spen afọ ole na ole gara aga, Chọọchị Roman Katọlik ekweghịkwa ka ọ gbaa alụkwaghịm n'alụmdi na nwunye ya na-enweghị obi ụtọ. Ụlọ di na nwunye ahụ ghọrọ ebe etiti maka obodo nka, ebe ndị mmadụ dịka Octave Mirbeau, Jean Lorrain, na Paul Fort na-anọkarị n'ụlọ ha. Di na nwunye ahụ nwekwara ụlọ na Normandy ebe ha ga-aga maka oge okpomọkụ.

Malite na ''Aglavaine na Sélysette'' na 1896, ọ malitere ịpụta n'ọtụtụ egwuregwu Maeterlinck, ọtụtụ n'ime ha gụnyere ihe odide e dere maka ya ma ọ bụ dabere na ya. Ọ bụrụkwara abụ n'ọtụtụ recitals na concerts na Paris nke gụnyere German lieder nke Franz Schubert na Robert Schumann sụgharịrị n'asụsụ French site na Maeterlinck. Ọ nọgidere na-arụsi ọrụ ike na opera na Paris, karịsịa na-apụta dị ka Fanny na Massenet's ''Sapho'' na Opéra-Comique na 1897. O mechara dekọọ ọtụtụ arias site na ''Sapho'' na onye dere ya na piano na 1903  .

Malite n'ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 1893, Maeterlinck na Claude Debussy jikọrọ aka na opera Pelléas et Mélisande, nke dabere na egwuregwu Maeterlinck nwere otu aha ahụ. E bu ụzọ kpebie na Leblanc ga-eme ọrụ Mélisande na mmalite opera nke afọ 1902, mana Mary Garden nọchiri ya. Nke a kpasuru Maeterlinck iwe, onye yiri egwu ịgba akwụkwọ iwu na ime ihe ike megide Debussy maka ịchụpụ onye hụrụ ya n'anya n'akụkụ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, o malitere ọrụ aha na mmalite ụwa nke mmegharị egwu Paul Dukas nke Maeterlinck nke Ariane et Barbe-bleue na 1907, ebe ọ gosilarị Ariane na egwuregwu mbụ na 1899 na Paris..
[[Faịlụ:Georgette_Leblanc_1913.png|áká_èkpè|thumb|Georgette Leblanc na Mary Magdalene (1910) ]]
N'afọ 1906, Leblanc na Maeterlinck kwagara n'otu obodo dị na Grasse ebe mmekọrịta ha malitere inwe nsogbu. Maeterlinck dara mbà n'obi ma mesịa chọpụta na ọ na-arịa ọrịa neurasthenia. Otú ọ dị, o dere ọtụtụ ihe nkiri n'oge a, abụọ n'ime ha, ''Marie-Victoire'' (1907) na Mary Magdalene (1910), nwere ọrụ dị mkpa maka Leblanc. N'afọ 1912-13, ọ bụrụ abụ na Manhattan Opera House na New York na Opéra de Monte-Carlo. O mechara bụrụ abụ Mélisande na 1912 na mbido ya na Boston na Boston Opera Company, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na egwuregwu ahụ ma dekọọ egwu anọ na Columbia Records. N'afọ 1914, Leblanc na Maeterlinck hapụrụ Grasse gaa n'otu obodo dị nso na Nice ma n'afọ sochirinụ Leblanc mere Lady Macbeth na ihe nkiri French nke [[William Shakespeare]]'s Macbeth . Di na nwunye ahụ nọrọ ọnụ afọ anọ ọzọ, mana mmekọrịta ahụ kwụsịrị na 1918 mgbe o doro anya na ya na nwanyị ọzọ, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Renee Dahon nwere mmekọahụ.
[[Faịlụ:Portrait_photograph_of_Georgette_Leblanc.jpg|thumb|Georgette Leblanc, 1921]]
Mgbe mmekọrịta ya na Maeterlinck kwụsịrị, Leblanc nọgidere na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ime ihe nkiri ya n'ime afọ 1920, ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ịbụ abụ ya agwụla. O nwere ọtụtụ mmekọrịta ịhụnanya na ndị a ma ama n'oge 1920s na 1930s. N'oge dị mkpirikpi, ya na onye omimi Greek-Armenian G. I. Gurdjieff na-emekọrịta ihe. Ọ bụkwa ezigbo enyi nke nwa akwụkwọ Gurdjieff ibe ya Margaret Anderson. Ọ gara n'ihu bụrụ onye a ma ama n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe na Paris ma bụrụ ezigbo enyi Jean Cocteau na Marcel L'Herbier, onye ọ pụtara na fim L'Inhumaine (1924).

N'afọ 1930, Leblanc bipụtara Souvenirs (1895-1918), akụkọ banyere mmekọrịta ya na Maeterlinck. O dekwara akụkọ ndụ onwe onye ọzọ na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ụmụaka na njem. Ọ nwụrụ na Cannes, Alpes-Maritimes na 1941 ma lie ya na Notre Dame des Anges Cemetery n'akụkụ Margaret Anderson . 

== Ọrụ ==

* ''Nhọrọ nke Ndụ'' (1904) 
* ''Ọnwụ Tintagiles'' (1905) 
* ''Nnụnụ Bluebird nke Ụmụaka'' (1913) 
* ''Nwa agbọghọ ahụ chọtara nnụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ: Nleta Helen Keller'' (1914) 
* ''Nkịta Maeterlinck'' (1919) 
* ''Nhọrọ nke Ndụ'' (1927) 
* Ihe Ncheta (1931) 
* ''Ihe ncheta: Ndụ mụ na Maeterlinck'' (1932) 
* Akụkọ nke Nnụnụ Na-acha Ọcha (1939) 
* ''Igwe Na-eme Ihe Ike'' (1947) 

== Edemsibia ==
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== Njikọ mpụga ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Side box/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Commons category}}

* Works by Georgette LeblancnaỌrụ Gutenberg
* Works by Georgette LeblancnaLibriVox (Akwụkwọ ndị a na-ege ntị n'ógbè ọha na eze) 
* Works by or about Georgette LeblancnaEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie n'Intanet
* {{IMDb name|0495693|Georgette Leblanc (I)}}
* Ihe si na La Machine à Courage, mpịakọta nke abụọ nke akụkọ ndụ onwe onye nke Leblanc E debere na  Wayback Machine</text>
      <sha1>bp4d2fnp0mm70eys8v71q14kkaz8i0g</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Kelechi Nwakali</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-12T21:23:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340065501|Kelechi Nwakali]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Kelechi Nwakali''' ({{Audio|Ig-kelechi nwakali.ogg|listen}}; born 5 June 1998) is a Nigerian professional [[Footbọl|footballer]] who plays as a midfielder for EFL League One club Barnsley.

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Ngwá Agha ===
Nwakali malitere ọrụ ya na Diamond Football Academy, Nigeria . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Diamond Academy President Confirms Nwakali Will Complete Arsenal Move In June {{!}} All Nigeria Soccer|url=https://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=19409|accessdate=2024-07-05|work=www.allnigeriasoccer.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ dị mma na 2015 FIFA U-17 World Cup nke o meriri Golden Ball Award,  ọ bịanyere aka na Arsenal nke English Premier League. &lt;ref name=&quot;Golden Ball&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Osimhen and Nigeria the big winners|url=https://www.fifa.com/u17worldcup/news/y=2015/m=11/news=osimhen-and-nigeria-the-big-winners-2731560.html|accessdate=16 September 2016|work=FIFA|date=9 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kelechi Nwakali completes Arsenal move with five-year deal|url=http://www.espnfc.us/arsenal/story/2923740/kelechi-nwakali-completes-arsenal-move-with-five-year-deal|accessdate=16 September 2016|work=ESPN FC|date=5 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ịlaghachi na MVV Maastricht (ụgwọ) ====
Na 16 Septemba 2016, a mara ọkwa na Nwakali etinyela aka na MVV Maastricht nke Eerste Divisie na mbinye ego ogologo oge. O meziri mpụta mbụ ya n'otu ụbọchị ahụ megide Jong Ajax. Ọ bịara dịka onye nọchiri anya nkeji nkeji 92 maka Thomas Verheijdt ka MVV meriri 1–0.

==== VVV-Venlo (onye a gbazitere) ====
Na 29 Ọgọst 2017, Nwakali sonyeere klọb Dutch VVV-Venlo na mbinye ego maka ọnwa isii mbụ nke oge 2017–18 Eredivisie. Na 10 Septemba 2017, Nwakali mere egwuregwu Eredivisie mbụ ya megide FC Groningen, na-agba akara na eserese 1–1. Mgbe nkwekọrịta mbinye ego ọnwa isii mbụ kwụsịrị, Nwakali kpebiri ịhapụ Venlo ma laghachi na MVV Maastricht maka ọkara nke abụọ nke oge.

==== MVV Maastricht (onye a gbazitere) ====
Na 24 Jenụwarị 2018, Nwakali laghachiri Maastricht na mgbazinye maka ọkara nke abụọ nke oge Eerste Divisie 2017-18, ebe ọ gbara naanị nkeji 380 nke bọọlụ Eredivisie na Venlo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Taiwo Awoniyi: Future at Anfield in Doubt?|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/08/10/taiwo-awoniyi-future-at-anfield-in-doubt/|author=editor|date=9 August 2019|work=[[This Day]]|language=en-US|accessdate=24 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Porto B (onye a gbazinyere) ====
Nwakali bịanyere aka na mgbazinye maka FC Porto na 18 Julaị 2018, e kenyekwara ya na Porto B tupu oge LigaPro nke 2018-19.

N'ọnwa Machị 2019, ọ tọrọ atọ na Naijiria n'ihi nsogbu visa ya.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48013084|title=Nigeria Football Federation helping Kelechi Nwakali sort visa issue|date=22 April 2019|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=28 August 2019|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Huesca ===
Na 2 Septemba 2019, Nwakali sonyeere ndị otu Spanish Segunda División SD Huesca na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sdhuesca.es/noticia/kelechi-nwakali-talento-joven-y-versatilidad|title=Kelechi Nwakali, talento joven y versatilidad|publisher=SD Huesca|language=es|date=2 September 2019|accessdate=3 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị klọb ahụ, o kelere Arsenal maka oge ya na ha, n'agbanyeghị na ọ pụtaghị na otu mbụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49563319|title=Kelechi Nwakali: Nigerian thanks Arsenal despite no appearances|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 5 Eprel 2022, nkwekọrịta Nwakali kwụsịrị n'oge. N'echi ya, Nwakali wepụtara nkwupụta gọọmentị site na akaụntụ Twitter ya na-akatọ ọgwụgwọ SD Huesca na onye isi egwuregwu klọb, Rubén García, kemgbe Disemba 2021, site na ịmanye ya ka ọ hapụ asọmpi Iko Mba Afrịka, nke a kpọrọ ya, na-akwụ ụgwọ ụgwọ ya n'oge, na-amanye ya ịhapụ ụlọ ọgbakọ ma machibido ya ịga ọzụzụ klọb.

=== Ponferradina ===
N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2022, Nwakali bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ maka SD Ponferradina.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sdponferradina.com/noticias/noticia/kelechi-nwakali-nuevo-jugador-de-la-sd-ponferradina|title=Kelechi Nwakali, nuevo jugador de la SD Ponferradina|publisher=SD Ponferradina|language=es|date=21 July 2022|accessdate=14 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Chaves ===
Na 20 Julaị 2023, Nwakali bịanyere aka na Chaves nke Primeira Liga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=|date=20 July 2023|title=Ex-FC Porto B reforça meio-campo de Chaves|url=https://www.ojogo.pt/futebol/1a-liga/chaves/noticias/ex-fc-porto-b-reforca-meio-campo-de-chaves-16726294.html|accessdate=12 August 2023|publisher=[[O Jogo]]|language=pt-PT|archivedate=12 August 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812004346/https://www.ojogo.pt/futebol/1a-liga/chaves/noticias/ex-fc-porto-b-reforca-meio-campo-de-chaves-16726294.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Barnsley ===
N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2024, Nwakali sonyeere otu egwuregwu League One bụ Barnsley maka ego a na-akọwaghị na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.barnsleyfc.co.uk/news/2024/august/12/kelechi-nwakali-joins-the-reds/|title=Kelechi Nwakali joins the Reds|work=www.barnsleyfc.co.uk|date=12 August 2024|accessdate=12 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kpọrọ aha Nwakali na ndị otu nwa oge maka Nigeria U17 tupu 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup mana ọ banyeghị na ndị otu ikpeazụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Golden Ball&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Osimhen and Nigeria the big winners|url=https://www.fifa.com/u17worldcup/news/y=2015/m=11/news=osimhen-and-nigeria-the-big-winners-2731560.html|accessdate=16 September 2016|work=FIFA|date=9 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, ka ọ na-abanye na 2015 U-17 World Cup, a kpọrọ ya onyeisi ka ọ na'ihu mba ya n'ọkwa ahụ, na-emeri Golden Ball Award n'ụzọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Golden Ball&quot; /&gt; N'ụbọchị Krismas nke afọ 2021, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu ndị okenye ga-ekere òkè na 2021 Africa Cup of Nations na Cameroon nke e yigharịrị na 2022 n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19.

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==
{{updated|match played 22 July 2023}}&lt;ref&gt;{{soccerway|kelechi-nwakali/425646|accessdate=4 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Ngwá Agha
|2016–17
|Njikọ Premier
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|MVV (onye a gbazitere) 
|2016–17
|Nkewa nke Eerste
|29
|2
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4 
|1
|34
|3
|-
|VVV-Venlo (onye a gbazitere) 
|2017–18
|Eredivisie
|9
|1
|3
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|12
|1
|-
|MVV (onye a gbazitere) 
|2017–18
|Nkewa nke Eerste
|16
|4
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|2&lt;ref group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot; name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;
|0
|18
|4
|-
|Porto B (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2018–19
|LigaPro
|16
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|16
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Huesca
|2019–20
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|5
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|0
|-
|2020–21
|[[La Liga|Njikọ ahụ]]
|5
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|7
|0
|-
|2021–22
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|19
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|21
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!29
!0
!4
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!0
!0
!33
!0
|-
|Alcorcón (onye a gbazitere) 
|2020–21
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|18
|4
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|18
|4
|-
|Ponferradina
|2022–23
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|36
|1
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|37
|1
|-
|Chaves
|2023–24
|Njikọ Mbụ
|8
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!153
!12
!9
!0
!1
!0
!6
!1
!169
!13
|}
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
[[Faịlụ:Samu_with_victor_and_kelechi.png|thumb|Nwakali (n'aka nri) na Victor Apugo (n'etiti) na [[Samuel Chukwueze]] (n'akụkụ aka ekpe) na 2015]]
'''Naịjirịa U17'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2015&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/u17worldcup/matches/round=271773/match=300298386/photos/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117053147/http://www.fifa.com/u17worldcup/matches/round=271773/match=300298386/photos/index.html|archivedate=17 November 2015|title=FIFA U-17 World Cup Chile 2015 - Matches - Mali - Nigeria|work=FIFA.com|accessdate=1 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Ball: 2015

== Edensibia ==

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Kelechi Nwakalina BDFutbol
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1272329801|Aniekeme Okon]]&quot;</comment>
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 {{updated|21 July 2020.}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Soccerway|aniekeme-okon/594107}}&lt;/ref&gt;'''Aniekeme Asuquo Okon''' (amụrụ na 8 n'ọnwa Mee afọ 1999) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka kpakpando Remo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/mfon-udoh-scores-as-akwa-united-record-a-convincing-victory/cnjsqmu7oz4v1x64lxgmsezeg|title=Mfon Udoh scores as Akwa United record a convincing victory|first=Babatunde|author=Samuel|date=24 October 2019|accessdate=21 July 2020|work=goal.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kọntinent
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Akwa United
|2018
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |NPFL
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4[a]
|1
|0
|0
|4
|1
|-
|2019
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|2019–20
|9
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|9
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Ngụkọta'''
!9
!0
!0
!0
!4
!1
!0
!0
!13
!1
|-
|Ịrị elu
|2019–20
|TFF 1. Lig
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''Ọrụ ya niile'''
!9
!0
!0
!0
!4
!1
!0
!0
!13
!1
|}

; Ihe ndetu
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Edensibia ==


[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1317407002|Claude B. Levenson]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Claude B. Levenson''' (2 Ọgọst 1938 – 13 Disemba 2010) bụ onye nta akụkọ France, onye na-amụ asụsụ mba ọzọ, ọkà mmụta Tibet, onye nsụgharị na onye edemede, onye dere ihe dị ka akwụkwọ iri abụọ na ise gbasara okpukpe Buddha, Burma na Tibet. O tinyere aka na akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Le Monde, L'Obs, Politique internationale, Le Temps, Geo, 24 heures'' na ''Libération''. Levenson so na Kọmitii nke 100 maka Tibet ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ntụgharị okwu maka Dalai Lama.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ Levenson na Paris na 2 Ọgọstụ 1938.&lt;ref name=&quot;RTSObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Pour Le Tibet: Hommage à Claude B. Levenson|url=https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf)|date=2011|publisher=[[Radio Télévision Suisse]]|language=fr|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke onye Juu si Bessarabia onye ga-aghọ onye agha nnupụisi n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ mgbe France nọ n'okpuru mmeri mana ndị Nazi gburu ya na Auschwitz na 1941.&lt;ref name=&quot;HommagesObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Bridel|first=Bernard|title=En souvenir de ... Claude B. Levenson|url=http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude|publisher=Hommages|language=fr|date=22 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140055/http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude|archivedate=22 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LeMondeObit&quot; /&gt; Nne Levenson ga-aghọkwa onye na-alụ ọgụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;LeMondeObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Philip|first=Bruno|title=Claude Levenson, tibétologue|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html|work=[[Le Monde]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;24HeuresObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Claude B. Levenson: Fidele a Jamais Au Tibet|url=http://itineraires.blog.24heures.ch/archive/2010/12/17/d8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html|work=[[24 heures (Switzerland)|24 heures]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Levenson gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze Lycée et collège Victor-Duruy na Paris, &lt;ref name=&quot;RTSObit&quot; /&gt; na 1950s, ọ gụrụ Russian, Sanskrit na ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, dị ka Hindi na Persian na Mahadum Moscow State ka ọ matara ọdịbendị ndị Ọwụwarị.&lt;ref name=&quot;LibObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Vaulerin|first=Arnaud|title=Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée|url=http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee|work=[[Libération]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NPAObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hommage. Claude B. Levenson|url=https://npa2009.org/content/hommage-claude-b-levenson|publisher=[[New Anticapitalist Party]]|language=fr|date=25 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827183624/http://www.npa2009.org/content/hommage-claude-b-levenson#federation=archive.wikiwix.com|archivedate=27 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Levenson rụrụ ọrụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Le Monde, L'Obs, Politique internationale, Le Temps, Geo, 24 heures,''&lt;ref name=&quot;HommagesObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Bridel|first=Bernard|title=En souvenir de ... Claude B. Levenson|url=http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude|publisher=Hommages|language=fr|date=22 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140055/http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude|archivedate=22 November 2018}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBridel2010&quot;&gt;Bridel, Bernard (22 December 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140055/http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude &quot;En souvenir de ... Claude B. Levenson&quot;] &amp;#x5B;In memory of ... Claude B. Levenson&amp;#x5D; (in French). Hommages. Archived from [http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude the original] on 22 November 2018&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;24HeuresObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Claude B. Levenson: Fidele a Jamais Au Tibet|url=http://itineraires.blog.24heures.ch/archive/2010/12/17/d8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html|work=[[24 heures (Switzerland)|24 heures]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fitineraires.blog.24heures.ch%2Farchive%2F2010%2F12%2F17%2Fd8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com &quot;Claude B. Levenson: Fidele a Jamais Au Tibet&quot;] &amp;#x5B;Claude B. Levenson: Faithful Forever in Tibet&amp;#x5D;. ''[[24 heures (Switzerland)|24 heures]]'' (in French). 17 December 2010. Archived from [http://itineraires.blog.24heures.ch/archive/2010/12/17/d8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html the original] on 23 February 2011&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; nkọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ''Libération''&lt;ref name=&quot;LibObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Vaulerin|first=Arnaud|title=Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée|url=http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee|work=[[Libération]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFVaulerin2010&quot;&gt;Vaulerin, Arnaud (17 December 2010). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fmonde%2F01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee#federation=archive.wikiwix.com &quot;Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée&quot;] &amp;#x5B;Claude B. Levenson, committed journalist&amp;#x5D;. ''[[Libération]]'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee the original] on 24 February 2011&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; na ''Oge'' mgbasa ozi Radio Suisse Internationale. Ọ bụ onye otu Kọmitii nke 100 maka Tibet .&lt;ref name=&quot;HommagesObit&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;24HeuresObit&quot; /&gt;

Mgbe ọ nọ na mahadum, Levenson malitere inwe ọmịiko na ihe kpatara Tibet.&lt;ref name=&quot;NPAObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hommage. Claude B. Levenson|url=https://npa2009.org/content/hommage-claude-b-levenson|publisher=[[New Anticapitalist Party]]|language=fr|date=25 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827183624/http://www.npa2009.org/content/hommage-claude-b-levenson#federation=archive.wikiwix.com|archivedate=27 August 2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160827183624/http://www.npa2009.org/content/hommage-claude-b-levenson#federation=archive.wikiwix.com &quot;Hommage. Claude B. Levenson&quot;] &amp;#x5B;Tribute. Claude B. Levenson&amp;#x5D; (in French). [[New Anticapitalist Party]]. 25 December 2010. Archived from [https://npa2009.org/content/hommage-claude-b-levenson the original] on 27 August 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ zutere onye ndú okpukpe Tibet bụ Dalai Lama na Paris na 1981 ma soro ya bụrụ enyi n'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ,&lt;ref name=&quot;RTSObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Pour Le Tibet: Hommage à Claude B. Levenson|url=https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf)|date=2011|publisher=[[Radio Télévision Suisse]]|language=fr|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf) &quot;Pour Le Tibet: Hommage à Claude B. Levenson&quot;] &amp;#x5B;For Tibet: Tribute to Claude B. Levenson&amp;#x5D; (in French). [[Radio Télévision Suisse]]. 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181122132447/https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf) Archived] from the original on 22 November 2018&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;HommagesObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Bridel|first=Bernard|title=En souvenir de ... Claude B. Levenson|url=http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude|publisher=Hommages|language=fr|date=22 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140055/http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude|archivedate=22 November 2018}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBridel2010&quot;&gt;Bridel, Bernard (22 December 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181122140055/http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude &quot;En souvenir de ... Claude B. Levenson&quot;] &amp;#x5B;In memory of ... Claude B. Levenson&amp;#x5D; (in French). Hommages. Archived from [http://www.hommages.ch/Defunt/57721/B__Levenson_Claude the original] on 22 November 2018&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ntụgharị maka ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;LeMondeObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Philip|first=Bruno|title=Claude Levenson, tibétologue|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html|work=[[Le Monde]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPhilip2010&quot;&gt;Philip, Bruno (17 December 2010). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-subscription&quot; title=&quot;Paid subscription required&quot;&gt;[https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html &quot;Claude Levenson, tibétologue&quot;]&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x5B;Claude Levenson, Tibetologist&amp;#x5D;. ''[[Le Monde]]'' (in French). [https://web.archive.org/web/20211226072127/https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html Archived] from the original on 26 December 2021&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;24HeuresObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Claude B. Levenson: Fidele a Jamais Au Tibet|url=http://itineraires.blog.24heures.ch/archive/2010/12/17/d8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html|work=[[24 heures (Switzerland)|24 heures]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fitineraires.blog.24heures.ch%2Farchive%2F2010%2F12%2F17%2Fd8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com &quot;Claude B. Levenson: Fidele a Jamais Au Tibet&quot;] &amp;#x5B;Claude B. Levenson: Faithful Forever in Tibet&amp;#x5D;. ''[[24 heures (Switzerland)|24 heures]]'' (in French). 17 December 2010. Archived from [http://itineraires.blog.24heures.ch/archive/2010/12/17/d8607da10c7cfff7d9720c05ce7f1bdd.html the original] on 23 February 2011&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; Levenson zutere ndị ọchịchị aka ike na South America mgbe ọ bi n'ógbè ahụ ma hụ ihe omume nke afọ 1980 na Argentina.&lt;ref name=&quot;NPAObit&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LibObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Vaulerin|first=Arnaud|title=Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée|url=http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee|work=[[Libération]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFVaulerin2010&quot;&gt;Vaulerin, Arnaud (17 December 2010). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fmonde%2F01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee#federation=archive.wikiwix.com &quot;Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée&quot;] &amp;#x5B;Claude B. Levenson, committed journalist&amp;#x5D;. ''[[Libération]]'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee the original] on 24 February 2011&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gara Tibet na nke mbụ ya n'afọ 1984 mgbe ya na Dalai Lama zutere n'afọ gara aga na Geneva ma nọrọ ebe ahụ ruo mgbe Beijing kwụsịrị visa ya n'ọnwa 2005.&lt;ref name=&quot;HommagesObit&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LibObit&quot; /&gt; A mara Levenson dị ka onye na-adịghị mma na China n'afọ 2006 n'ihi na a hụrụ ya dika onye nwere mmekorita chiri anya na ndi na-akwado nkewa Tibet.&lt;ref name=&quot;LeMondeObit&quot; /&gt; Ọ zutekwara onye Burmese [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] ọtụtụ ugboro.&lt;ref name=&quot;HommagesObit&quot; /&gt;

O dere ihe dị ka akwụkwọ iri abụọ na ise gbasara okpukpe Buddha (abụọ), Burma (abụọ) na Tibet (iri na ise).[1][2] Ụfọdụ n'ime akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ ndị ya na di ya bụ Jean-Claude Buhrer, onye nta akụkọ,[3] tinyere Gianni Baldizzone, Tiziana Baldizzone na Laziz Hamani dere.[4] Ndị a gụnyere Le chemin de Lhassa, un voyage au Tibet (1985), Le Seigneur du Lotus blanc, le Dalaï Lama (1987), D'Asie et d'ailleurs (1991), Ainsi parle le Dalaï Lama (1991), L'An prochain à Lhassa (1993), à993 (1993). 1949–1959, la Chine envahit le Tibet (1995), aïlash, Joyau des neiges: Carnet de voyage au Tibet (1996), Symboles du bouddhisme tibétain (1996), La messagère du Tibet (1997), La Messageres du, Tibet (1996), La Messageres du, Tibet (1996), La Messageres du (1998), Dormir, rêver, mourir : onye na-enyocha akọ na uche Dalaï-Lama (1998), Le Dalaï-Lama (1999), Tibet, un peuple en sursis (2000), Aung San Suu Kyi, demain la Birmanie (2000), Tibet, otage de la Chine (2002), L'ONU contre les droits de l'homme (2003-200) Vieira de Mello: L'Espoir foudroyé (2004), Tibet, d'oubli et de mémoire (2007), Birmanie: des moines contre la dictature (2008), Le Tibet (2008), Tibet, La question qui dérange (2008) na Tibet, Tibéleins, [5] [5] A sụgharịala ọrụ ya n'asụsụ dị ihe dị ka iri abụọ, ọ sụgharịkwara ọrụ Octavio Paz na Osip Mandelstam.[1]

== Ọnwụ ==
N'ụtụtụ nke 13 Disemba 2010, Levenson nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa na Lausanne, Switzerland. &lt;ref name=&quot;LeMondeObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Philip|first=Bruno|title=Claude Levenson, tibétologue|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html|work=[[Le Monde]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPhilip2010&quot;&gt;Philip, Bruno (17 December 2010). &lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-subscription&quot; title=&quot;Paid subscription required&quot;&gt;[https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html &quot;Claude Levenson, tibétologue&quot;]&lt;/span&gt; &amp;#x5B;Claude Levenson, Tibetologist&amp;#x5D;. ''[[Le Monde]]'' (in French). [https://web.archive.org/web/20211226072127/https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2010/12/17/claude-levenson-tibetologue_1454890_3382.html Archived] from the original on 26 December 2021&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;LibObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Vaulerin|first=Arnaud|title=Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée|url=http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee|work=[[Libération]]|language=fr|date=17 December 2010|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFVaulerin2010&quot;&gt;Vaulerin, Arnaud (17 December 2010). [https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fmonde%2F01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee#federation=archive.wikiwix.com &quot;Claude B. Levenson, journaliste engagée&quot;] &amp;#x5B;Claude B. Levenson, committed journalist&amp;#x5D;. ''[[Libération]]'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.liberation.fr/monde/01012308576-claude-b-levenson-journaliste-engagee the original] on 24 February 2011&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe Nketa ==
E nyere Levenson otuto nke gosipụtara ihe nkiri, ihe ngosi slide na akaebe na Geneva na Machị 2011. &lt;ref name=&quot;RTSObit&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Pour Le Tibet: Hommage à Claude B. Levenson|url=https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf)|date=2011|publisher=[[Radio Télévision Suisse]]|language=fr|accessdate=7 February 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf) &quot;Pour Le Tibet: Hommage à Claude B. Levenson&quot;] &amp;#x5B;For Tibet: Tribute to Claude B. Levenson&amp;#x5D; (in French). [[Radio Télévision Suisse]]. 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181122132447/https://www.rts.ch/espace-2/programmes/babylone/2974905.html/BINARY/Hommage%20%C3%A0%20Claude%20B.%20Levenson%20%C3%A0%20la%20Maison%20des%20Associtations%20%C3%A0%20Gen%C3%A8ve%20le%204%20mars%202011%20%C3%A0%2019h%20(doc%20pdf) Archived] from the original on 22 November 2018&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;7 February&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2011, Théâtre du Soleil kwadoro mgbede otuto nye Levenson na ihe ngosi Je suis le cœur d'un peuple, nke bụ ngosi nke ịgụ uri na Chinese, French na Tibetan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Je suis le cœur d'un peuple|url=https://www.theatre-du-soleil.fr/thsol/dans-nos-nefs/je-suis-le-coeur-d-un-peuple,1228?debut_chrono=10&amp;lang=fr|publisher=[[Théâtre du Soleil]]|language=fr|accessdate=7 February 2022|archivedate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207152158/https://www.theatre-du-soleil.fr/thsol/dans-nos-nefs/je-suis-le-coeur-d-un-peuple,1228?debut_chrono=10&amp;lang=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; Swiss Film Archive edebewo nchịkọta nke akwụkwọ Levenson na ebe nchekwa ha kemgbe 2014,  na Cantonal na University Library of Lausanne nwere nchịkọta banyere ya kemgbe ọ nwetara ha na 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Fonds CSL 154 – Papiers Claude Buhrer Levenson|url=https://caspar.cinematheque.ch/index.php/papiers-claude-buhrer-levenson|accessdate=7 February 2022|publisher=[[Swiss Film Archive]]|language=fr|archivedate=8 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208011720/https://caspar.cinematheque.ch/index.php/papiers-claude-buhrer-levenson}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rapport annuel BCU Lausanne|url=https://docplayer.fr/71412997-Rapport-annuel-bcu-lausanne.html|publisher=[[Cantonal and University Library of Lausanne]]|language=fr|accessdate=7 February 2022|archivedate=7 February 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207152200/https://docplayer.fr/71412997-Rapport-annuel-bcu-lausanne.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ntụaka ==
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1265029222|Terry Envoh]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Terrence Envoh''' bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-agba bọọlụ. Ọ na-egwuri egwu ugbu a maka Enugu Rangers . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.completesportsnigeria.com/news/2014/02/omeruo-anyanwu-boost-rangers|title=Omeruo, Anyanwu Boost Rangers|date=10 February 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307174723/http://www.completesportsnigeria.com/news/2014/02/omeruo-anyanwu-boost-rangers|archivedate=2014-03-07|accessdate=2 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Envoh malitere ọrụ ya na LEA Primary School Tudun Wada wee binye aka na 2007 na Mighty Jets nke Jos Nigeria. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ndị otu Sharks FC nke Nigeria chọtara nkà ya. nke Port Harcourt ebe ọ na-egwuri egwu oge niile dị ka onye ọkpọ ọkpọ / ọgụ. Ọ kwagara Bayelsa United maka oge 2013 ka ọ nwesịrị ule na Switzerland. Na February 2014, o soro onye nkuzi John Obuh gawa Rangers nke Enugu.

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Envoh gbara bọọlụ maka otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]] na 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup na Naịjiria ma gbaa otu goolu megide South Korea, Naịjirị meriri Switzerland na ngwụcha asọmpi ahụ. Ọ bụkwa onye otu ndị otu U-20 nke Naijiria na 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup . 

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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    <title>Ramon Azeez</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342449076|Ramon Azeez]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Ramon Olamilekan Azeez''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Abike25-Ramon Olamilekan Azeez.wav|listen}} (amụrụ na 12 Disemba 1992) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'etiti.

Ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ọkachamara ya na Spain, malite na Almería B. Na La Liga, ọ pụtara maka otu mbụ nke klọb ahụ na Granada.

Onye mba ụwa kemgbe afọ 2014, Azeez nọchitere anya [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] na 2014 World Cup.

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Almería ===
A mụrụ ya na [[Abuja]], Azeez malitere ịgba bọọlụ na Future Pro Academy. N'afọ 2010 ọ kwetara ịkwaga UD Almería na Spain, mana ọ ga-echere ruo Julaị 2011 iji mezue mbufe ahụ.

Na 17 August 2012, mgbe oge zuru ezu na ihe nchekwa na Segunda División B, Azeez mere mmalite ya na ndị otu mbụ: ọ bịara dị ka onye na-anọchi anya Javier Casquero na 50th nkeji nke egwuregwu megide FC Barcelona Atlétic na Segunda Division (a 5-4 mmeri), ma dochie ya, tinyere onwe ya n'ihe ize ndụ mgbe nkeji iri na Javier. pụọ.

A kwalitere Azeez n'ezie na ndị isi otu Andalusians na 28 June 2013, ebe klọb ahụ ka kwalitere na La Liga. O mere nke mbụ ya na asọmpi ahụ na 30 Ọgọstụ, na-egwu nkeji iri abụọ na atọ nke 2-2 n'ụlọ na Elche CF.

Na 21 Disemba 2013, Azeez gbara goolu mbụ ya, naanị ka e nyere ya na mmeri ha meriri Real Betis.[1] O kwughachiri ihe ahụ na nzukọ nke abụọ n'etiti akụkụ abụọ ahụ, na-enye akara na nkeji 94th na mmeri 3-2 na Estadio de los Juegos Mediterráneos.[2].

Azeez gosipụtara nke ọma n'oge mkpọsa 2014-15, ebe Almería merụrụ ahụ. N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2015 ọ rịọrọ ka a nyefee ya,  mgbe ọ bịaghị aka na nkwekọrịta ọkachamara, e wepụrụ ya n'ọkwa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ. 

N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 2016, Azeez laghachiri n'òtù ndị isi, na-eyi egwu na a ga-ewepụ ya, mgbe ọ kwetara na ọ ga-abụ onye ọkachamara.

=== Lugo na Granada ===
N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2017, onye nnọchi anya n'efu bụ Azeez bịanyere aka na CD Lugo nke abụọ na Spain. Na 1 Febụwarị 2019, ọ sonyeere Granada CF nke otu egwuregwu ahụ na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na ọkara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://granadacf.ideal.es/granada-ficha-ramon-20190201235826-nt.html|title=El Granada ficha a Azeez 'in extremis'|publisher=Ideal|first=Rafael|author=Lamelas|language=Spanish|date=1 February 2019|accessdate=22 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri abụọ na otu n'ọnwa Septemba n'afọ 2019, Azeez si nso n'ụlọ na-esote Antonio Puertas cross, na nkeji mbụ nke mmeri 2-0 n'ụlọ megide ndị na-agbachitere FC Barcelona.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/sep/21/granada-barcelona-la-liga-match-report|title=Granada stun Barcelona to go top despite Lionel Messi's rescue effort|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=21 September 2019|accessdate=22 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2021, a gbazinyere ya FC Cartagena ruo na ngwụcha Oge nke abụọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/ramon-azeez-granada-midfielder-loaned-to-fc-cartagena/18vincr09b59d1kfsdjuhoikr2|title=Ramon Azeez: Granada midfielder loaned to FC Cartagena|publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]|first=Shina|author=Oludare|date=2 February 2021|accessdate=2 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Azeez pụtara na ndị Naịjirịa na-erubeghị afọ iri na asaa na 2009 FIFA World Cup, ọ bụkwa onye na-anọkarị n'otu ndị na-emecha nke abụọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;U17&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/11/15/1626875/switzerland-u-17-1-0-nigeria-u-17-new-comers-switzerland-upstage-|title=Switzerland U-17 1–0 Nigeria U-17: New comers Switzerland upstage Nigeria to win FIFA U-17 World Cup|publisher=Goal|first=Samm|author=Audu|date=15 November 2009|accessdate=23 December 2020}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFAudu2009&quot;&gt;Audu, Samm (15 November 2009). [https://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/11/15/1626875/switzerland-u-17-1-0-nigeria-u-17-new-comers-switzerland-upstage- &quot;Switzerland U-17 1–0 Nigeria U-17: New comers Switzerland upstage Nigeria to win FIFA U-17 World Cup&quot;]. Goal&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;23 December&lt;/span&gt; 2020&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, dịka onye mbido, ọ sonyere na U-20 World Cup. 

N'abalị atọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2014, a kpọrọ Azeez ka ọ gaa n'akụkụ zuru oke maka egwuregwu enyi na enyi ya na Mexico.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/26122915|title=Uncapped trio called up by Nigeria|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji|date=10 February 2014|accessdate=11 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere nke mbụ ya na 5 Machị, na-egwu ọkara nke abụọ nke 0-0 draw na Georgia Dome.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/intl-friendlies/matches/report/2014/mar/06-mexico-v-nigeria.html|title=Nigeria cancel out Mexico again|publisher=[[MTN Group|MTN Football]]|date=6 March 2014|accessdate=6 March 2014|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140306183830/http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/intl-friendlies/matches/report/2014/mar/06-mexico-v-nigeria.html|archivedate=6 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A kpọrọ aha Azeez n'ime ndị otu mmadụ iri atọ na-adịru nwa oge tupu 2014 FIFA World Cup na 6 Mee. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/27302995|title=World Cup 2014: Peter Odemwingie in provisional Nigeria squad|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji|date=6 May 2014|accessdate=7 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gụnyere ya na ndepụta ikpeazụ nke [[Stephen Keshi]] maka asọmpi ahụ,  wee mee nke mbụ ya na 16 June site na ịmalite na 0-0 draw megide Iran. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/27302995|title=World Cup 2014: Nosa Igiebor cut from Nigeria squad|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji|date=3 June 2014|accessdate=7 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=6/news=goals-dry-up-as-iran-nigeria-draw-2373419.html|title=Goals dry up as Iran, Nigeria draw|publisher=FIFA|date=16 June 2014|accessdate=16 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618070832/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2014/m=6/news=goals-dry-up-as-iran-nigeria-draw-2373419.html|archivedate=18 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Septemba 2019, a kpọghachiri Azeez na otu mba ahụ mgbe afọ ise gasịrị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49842660|title=Ramon Azeez: Granada's 'faith and belief' leads to Nigeria recall|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Oluwashina|author=Okeleji|date=26 September 2019|accessdate=27 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
{{updated|match played 18 May 2021}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Soccerway|ramon-azeez/102564}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Almería B
|2011–12
|Nkewa nke Abụọ B
|28
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|2
|-
|2012–13
|Nkewa nke Abụọ B
|31
|3
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|31
|3
|-
|2015–16
|Nkewa nke Abụọ B
|19
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|19
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!78
!7
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
!0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Almería
|2012–13
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|2
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4
|0
|-
|2013–14
|[[La Liga|Njikọ ahụ]]
|30
|2
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|32
|2
|-
|2014–15
|Njikọ ahụ
|14
|0
|3
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|0
|-
|2015–16
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|3
|0
|-
|2016–17
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|22
|2
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|22
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!71
!4
!7
!0
!0
!0
!78
!4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Lugo
|2017–18
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|37
|2
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|39
|2
|-
|2018–19
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|12
|0
|3
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|15
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!49
!2
!5
!0
!0
!0
!54
!2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Granada
|2018–19
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|13
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|13
|0
|-
|2019–20
|Njikọ ahụ
|25
|2
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|29
|2
|-
|2020–21
|Njikọ ahụ
|2
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4
|0
|-
|2021–22
|Njikọ ahụ
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!40
!2
!6
!0
!0
!0
!46
!2
|-
|Cartagena (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2020–21
|Nkewa nke Abụọ
|16
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|16
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!254
!15
!18
!0
!0
!0
!272
!15
|}

=== Mba Nile ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/ramon-azeez/102564/matches/|title=R. Azeez – Matches|publisher=Soccerway|accessdate=25 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!Afọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|2014
|4
|0
|-
|2019
|1
|0
|-
!Ngụkọta
!5
!0
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Naịjirịa U20'''

* U-20 Africa Cup of Nations: 2011

'''Naịjirịa U17'''

* Onye nke abụọ na FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2009&lt;ref name=&quot;U17&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2009/11/15/1626875/switzerland-u-17-1-0-nigeria-u-17-new-comers-switzerland-upstage-|title=Switzerland U-17 1–0 Nigeria U-17: New comers Switzerland upstage Nigeria to win FIFA U-17 World Cup|publisher=Goal|first=Samm|author=Audu|date=15 November 2009|accessdate=23 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup Bronze Ball: 2009

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ramon Azeezna BDFutbol
* Ramon Azeezna Futbolme (n'asụsụ Spanish) 
* Ramon Azeezna National-Football-Teams.com
* Ramon Azeez-FIFAndekọ asọmpi (echekwara) 
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
      <sha1>9l92ym6570vljymg7ff6vym5v47qach</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ihe ịga nke ọma Isaac</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-12T21:45:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344705211|Isaac Success]]&quot;</comment>
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Isaac Success Ajayi (amụrụ na 7 Jenụwarị 1996) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụ onye nweere onwe ya ugbu a.

== Mbido na ndụ onwe onye ==
A mụrụ Isaac Success Ajayi na 7 Jenụwarị 1996 na Benin City, Nigeria. Ọ malitere ọrụ bọọlụ ya na otu ndị ntorobịa BJ Foundation Academy, ma na-apụta mgbe niile maka otu ahụ dị ka onye na-eto eto.

== Ọrụ klọb ==
N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2013, Success bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta tupu nkwekọrịta ya na otu Udinese nke Ịtali, nke ga-amalite site na Jenụwarị afọ 2014,  maka ego € 400,000.  Otú ọ dị, e nyere ya ikike ịrụ ọrụ na Machị nke afọ sochirinụ,  wee sonye na klọb Granada nke Spain ozugbo, a na-ekenye ya na Segunda División B. 

Na 31 August 2014, Ịga nke Ọma mere egwuregwu mbụ ya, malite na 1-1 pụọ megide Elche mgbe ọ dị afọ 18 na ọnwa asaa, [1] bụ onye ọkpụkpọ ha nke ikpeazụ ga-apụta na egwuregwu La Liga. Ọ gbara ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọkachamara mbụ ya na 7 Disemba, na-etinye naanị otu egwuregwu n'akụkụ ya na Valencia, maka otu akara ahụ. Na 7 August 2015, Ịga nke Ọma agbatịkwu nkwekọrịta ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, bịanyere aka na afọ anọ ruo 2019 ma mesịa kwalite ya na ndị isi.

N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2016, Success kwetara na ya na ndị otu egwuregwu Premier League nke England bụ Watford ga-enwe nkwekọrịta afọ ise na ego a na-akwụ maka nnyefe, nke e mere atụmatụ na ọ bụ £ 12.5 nde site na Granada.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/2016-17/isaac-success-watford-fc-granada-premier-league-3160681.aspx|work=Watford F.C.|publisher=Club Journalist|accessdate=1 July 2016|title=Official: Isaac Success joins Watford FC|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807113620/http://www.watfordfc.com//news/article/2016-17/isaac-success-watford-fc-granada-premier-league-3160681.aspx|archivedate=7 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ gbara naanị otu ugboro n'ime egwuregwu iri na itoolu n'afọ 2016-17, mgbe ọ pụtara naanị otu ugboro maka otu ahụ n'afọ 2017-18, a gbazinyere ya Spain, sonye na Malaga na 31 Jenụwarị 2018 ruo mgbe oge fọdụrụnụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/42892598|title=Watford: Isaac Success joins Malaga on loan|work=BBC Sport|date=31 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;

N'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2021, Success hapụrụ Watford mgbe afọ ise gachara, ọ bịanyere aka na klọb Ịtali Udinese na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ, klọb ahụ ya na ya jikọtara ọtụtụ afọ tupu mgbe ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.watfordfc.com/news/official-udinese-switch-for-success|title=Official: Udinese Switch For Success|publisher=Watford FC|date=26 August 2021|accessdate=26 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.udinese.it/news/squadra/success-e-un-nuovo-giocatore-dell-udinese|title=Success è un nuovo giocatore dell'Udinese|publisher=Udinese Calcio|date=26 August 2021|accessdate=26 August 2021|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị iri abụọ na asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2024, Udinese kwụsịrị nkwekọrịta Success site na nkwekọrịta ha abụọ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nweere onwe ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=Udinese|url=https://www.udinese.it/news/squad/club-statement-isaac-success|title=Club statement: Isaac Success|date=27 August 2024|accessdate=28 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2024, ọnwa abụọ mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Udinese dị ka onye nnọchi anya n'efu, a mara ọkwa na Success bịanyere aka na klọb Emirati Al-Wasl nke a chọrọ mma nke ukwuu na mbufe n'efu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Aikigbe|first=Godwin|date=21 October 2024|title=Success begins ‘new chapter' with UAE giants Al Wasl|url=https://punchng.com/success-begins-new-chapter-with-uae-giants-al-wasl/|accessdate=|work=[[The Punch]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
N'[[FIFA U-17 World Cup]]&quot;&gt;afọ 2013, a kpọrọ Success ka ọ gaa Naijiria n'okpuru afọ iri na asaa maka FIFA U-17 World Cup nke afọ ahụ, a na-akpọkwa ya osote onyeisi. Ọ pụtara n'egwuregwu abụọ mbụ, mana a chụpụrụ ya n'oge asọmpi ahụ fọdụrụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ. Ihe ịga nke ọma nwetara oku mbụ ya n'akụkụ ndị okenye [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] maka 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifier megide Zambia n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Mikel Obi, Musa, Ikeme 20 others To battle Zambia|url=http://www.thenff.com/2016/09/6992/|accessdate=5 October 2016|publisher=thenff.com|date=22 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'abalị iri abụọ na atọ n'ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2017, Success mere nke mbụ ya maka Naịjirịa, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi anya na 1-1 draw megide Senegal na The Hive Stadium na [[London]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://goal.com/s/en/match/nigeria-vs-senegal/2413770|publisher=Goal|accessdate=24 March 2017|title=Nigeria 1 Senegal 1: Iheanacho earns a draw for Super Eagles}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Granada B
|2013–14
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Nkewa nke Abụọ B
|5
|3
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|3
|-
|2014–15
|15
|6
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|15
|6
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!20
!9
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!20
!9
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Granada
|2014–15
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[La Liga|Njikọ ahụ]]
|19
|1
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|23
|1
|-
|2015–16
|30
|6
|3
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|33
|6
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!49
!7
!7
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!56
!7
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Watford
|2016–17
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Njikọ Premier
|19
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|19
|1
|-
|2017–18
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|0
|-
|2018–19
|30
|1
|3
|1
|2
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|35
|4
|-
|2019–20
|5
|0
|1
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|7
|0
|-
|2020–21
|Mmeri
|10
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|10
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!64
!3
!4
!1
!4
!2
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!72
!6
|-
|Malaga (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2017–18
|Njikọ ahụ
|9
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|9
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Udinese
|2021–22
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Usoro A
|22
|2
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|24
|3
|-
|2022–23
|30
|1
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|32
|2
|-
|2023–24
|27
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|27
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!79
!4
!4
!2
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!83
!6
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!220
!23
!15
!3
!4
!2
!0
!0
!239
!28
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Watford'''

* Onye nke abụọ na FA Cup: 2018-19&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48236232|title=Manchester City 6–0 Watford|first=Phil|author=McNulty|work=BBC Sport|date=18 May 2019|accessdate=18 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>tvgx7gfed3wi7c61e7e1sumh2d9lhqa</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Nduka Ugbade</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-12T21:53:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1329909056|Nduka Ugbade]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Nduka Ugbade''' {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Vivian Amalachukwu-Nduka Ugbade.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na 6 Septemba 1969) bụ onye nkuzi bọọlụ na onye bụbu onye egwuregwu bụ onye isi nchịkwa Ndị otu mba Nigeria U17.

== Ọrụ ịgba egwu ==
Dị ka onye na-eto eto player, ọhụrụ si St. Finbarrs College Akoka-Lagos, Ugbade bụ onyeisi ndị Nigeria U-16 nwoke football otu nke meriri 1985 FIFA U-16 World Championship (e mesịrị na-ezo dị ka JVC/FIFA na mbipụta na-esonụ mgbe nke a metamorphosed ka aha ya ugbu a na ọnọdụ -Coca-Cola/FIFA U-17). Emere mmemme a na China wee mee ka Ugbade bụrụ onye a ma ama mgbe Jonathan Akpoborie (minti 5) na Victor Igbinoba (80+min) gbatara Nigeria goolu na-enweghị azịza megide West Germany, wee nweta ihe bụ mmeri mbụ Naịjirịa na Afrịka nwetara n'egwuregwu bọọlụ n'ụwa niile.

Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị na ngalaba U-20, ọ bụkwa akụkụ nke otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Nigeria n'okpuru-20 bụ ndị gụchara nke abụọ wee nweta ọlaọcha na 1989 FIFA World Youth Championship na Saudi Arabia. Naijirịa meriri Portugal n'ikpeazụ, mana Ugbade na ndị otu ya bụ ndị ama ama ka ha nwesịrị nnukwu mmeri ha meriri Saudi Arabia, United States, na USSR. N'asọmpi USSR, ndị otu Naijiria gbakere na 4-0 gbadaa 4-4 ka Ugbade nyere goolu nke anọ tupu Naịjirịa emeri na penariti. A maara mmeri a n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke football Nigeria dị ka &quot;Miracle of Dam&quot; 

Mgbe ọ nwesịrị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ọrụ bọọlụ ndị ntorobịa, Ugbade gosipụtara na otu egwuregwu mba Naijiria ruo afọ ole na ole, mana mmerụ ahụ na ọdịdị ọjọọ na-emetụta ya n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ nke ọrụ ya nke gbochiri ya ohere ịpụta na 1994 World Cup.

== Ọrụ nkuzi ==
N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2011, ndị Nigeria Football Federation (NFF) họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị nkuzi abụọ maka Golden Eaglets (Nigeria under-17 national football team) . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=[[AllAfrica.com]]|title=Nigeria: Ugbade Promises World-Class Eaglets|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201108290405.html|accessdate=3 June 2013|date=29 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2013, ndị otu ahụ meriri nrite ọlaọcha na asọmpi CAF U-17 na Algeria,  wee merie 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup na UAE.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=Premiumtimesng.com|title=Jonathan splashes cash on Golden Eaglets|url=http://premiumtimesng.com/sports/135493-jonathan-splashes-millions-on-golden-eaglets.html|accessdate=3 June 2013|date=22 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 2013, a họpụtara Ugbade dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke klọb Lagos MFM FC.

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==
{{Nigeria Squad 1992 Africa Cup of Nations}}{{Nigeria Squad 1994 Africa Cup of Nations}}
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Victor Ikpeba</title>
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      <id>632832</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T21:57:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Johnnybam</username>
        <id>24488</id>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347436866|Victor Ikpeba]]&quot;</comment>
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&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}'''Victor Ikpeba Nosa''' (amụrụ na 12 June 1973) bụ onye Naijiria bụbu [[Footbọl|onye na-agba bọọlụ]] nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu. Ikpeba gbara bọọlụ mba ụwa iri atọ na otu ma gbaa goolu asaa maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]. Ọ bụ onye otu Super Eagles na FIFA World Cup na 1994 mana ọ gbara bọọlụ ma gbaa otu goolu megide Bulgaria na egwuregwu nke abụọ nke otu ahụ na 1998 FIFA World Cup. Ikpeba nyere aka merie iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 1994 na ihe nrite ọla edo nke egwuregwu bọọlụ Olympic na 1996. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Ndị otu Belgian RFC Liège chọtara Ikpeba n'oge 1989 FIFA U-17 World Championship, wee kwaga Belgium ya na onye otu egwuregwu Sunday Oliseh. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 20 na mgbe ọ gbasịrị ihe mgbaru ọsọ 17 na 1992-93, Ikpeba bịanyere aka na Monégasque otu AS Monaco, bụ ndị Arsène Wenger na-elekọta ya. Na Monaco, ọ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ihe ịga nke ọma, ọ bụ ezie na ọ malitere nke ọma. O mere nlọghachi dị ịrịba ama mgbe asọmpi 1996 gasịrị, na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ 13 iji nyere Monaco aka imeri aha otu egwuregwu, yana imecha dị ka ndị na-agba ọsọ na 1996-97 UEFA Cup. Ihe omume ya mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe nrite nturu ugo n'egwuregwu bọọlụ nke Africa na 1997. Oge abụọ na-aga nke ọma sochiri ya. Mgbe ọ nọ na Monaco, Ikpeba fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bịanye aka na ụlọ ịgba egwu Italian Reggina. Ma nwunye ya, na-achọghị ịhapụ ndụ ya na Monaco, kpọchiri ya n'ụlọ ha n'ụbọchị ọ ga-abanye na nkwekọrịta ya Ikpeba gbara ndị otu Jean Tigana na Monaco nke chụpụrụ Manchester United n'asọmpi Champions League na 1998 jiri goolu ọzọ na agba 1-1 na Old Trafford.

Ikpeba sonyeere [[Sunday Oliseh]] ọzọ na Borussia Dortmund na 1999, maka ego mbufe nke £ 4.8 nde. Ikpeba gbara naanị goolu abụọ n'oge mbụ ya na Bundesliga ma na-egwuri egwu na nke abụọ ya, mgbe ya na onye nkuzi Matthias Sammer nwesịrị esemokwu. N'ịchọ ịkwaga mba ọzọ, Ikpeba jụrụ Southampton ka ọ sonye na Real Betis na mgbazinye oge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/1483087.stm|work=BBC Sport|title=Ikpeba rejects Saints for Betis|date=9 August 2001|accessdate=11 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe gara n'ihu na-agbadata maka onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ na [[La Liga|Spain]] ka a katọrọ ya maka ịbụ onye nkuzi buru oke ibu, mgbe ọ pụtara naanị otu ugboro maka klọb ahụ. Ọ pụtaghị na Betis ọzọ ruo mgbe egwuregwu abụọ ikpeazụ nke oge ahụ.

Ikpeba bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ogologo oge na otu Libya Al-Ittihad Tripoli, mana ọ bụ naanị ọkara nkwekọrịta ya na klọb ahụ ka ọ hapụrụ otu ahụ n'ihi esemokwu ego.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kickoffnigeria.com/stories/story2636.html|title=Ikpeba thrilled with move|accessdate=30 December 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107160934/http://www.kickoffnigeria.com/stories/story2636.html|archivedate=7 November 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Libya ma nọrọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu afọ n'enweghị klọb, Ikpeba laghachiri [[Belgium]], ebe ọ sonyeere onye nkuzi Liège mbụ ya na Charleroi. Mgbe o nyesịrị klọb ahụ aka izere relegation, Ikpeba bịarutere nso ịbịanye aka na otu Germany SC Freiburg, mana nkwekọrịta ahụ dara mgbe ekpughere na onye ọkpụkpọ ahụ enweghị Paspọtụ EU.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kickoffnigeria.com/stories/story4645.html|title=Ikpeba joins German club|accessdate=30 December 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107182900/http://www.kickoffnigeria.com/stories/story4645.html|archivedate=7 November 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikpeba nọrọ obere oge na Al Saddle na [[Qatar]], tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na bọọlụ ọkachamara.

== Ụdị egwuregwu ==
N'agbanyeghị obere ahụ ya, Ikpeba bụ onye na-agba ọsọ, na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, na onye na-achọ ohere, onye nwere ike igwu egwu dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu, dị ka onye nke abụọ, ma ọ bụ na nku ọ bụla, a makwaara ya maka ikike ya ịgba bọọlụ site na ọnọdụ ọ bụla n'ámá egwuregwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.solocalcio.com/gallery/stelle98/lestelle08.htm|title=Le stelle di Francia 98: da Pep Guardiola a Jugovic|publisher=SoloCalcio.com|language=it|accessdate=28 March 2017|archivedate=29 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329051222/http://www.solocalcio.com/gallery/stelle98/lestelle08.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Ikpeba bi na Lagos ugbu a, ọ na-esokwa na Monday Night Football na Supersport. Nwunye ya Atinuke nwụrụ na Mee 2000 mgbe ọ dị afọ 26, mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'ọgụ ya na Ọrịa kansa ara.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Inyang|first=Ifreke|date=2013-03-10|title=If money could buy health, my wife would be alive — Victor Ikpeba|url=https://dailypost.ng/2013/03/10/if-money-could-buy-health-my-wife-would-be-alive-victor-ikpeba/|accessdate=2022-03-25|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Monaco'''

* Njikọ 1: 1996-971996–97
* Ihe nrite nke ndị mmeri: 1997

'''Al-Ittihad'''

'''Naịjirịa'''

* Iko Mba Afrịka: 1994
* Egwuregwu Olimpik: 1996

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* Ebony Shoe Award: 1993
* Onye bọọlụ bọọlụ nke Afọ: 1997

== Edensibia ==
{{Navboxes|title=Awards|bg=Gold|bordercolor=#000000|list1={{African Footballer of the Year}}
{{Ebony Shoe}}}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Victor Ikpebana National-Football-Teams.com
* Victor Ikpebana WorldFootball.net
* Victor Ikpebanaonye na-agba ọsọ  (n'asụsụ German) 
* Victor Ikpebanafussballdaten.de  (n'asụsụ German) 
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    <title>Dele Alampasu</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344975041|Dele Alampasu]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Dele Sunday Alampasu''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Dele Alampasu.wav|Listen}} (amụrụ na 24 Disemba 1996) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba Jura Dolois na Championnat National 3, dị ka Onye na-edebe goolu.

== Ọrụ klọb ==
Alampasu malitere ọrụ ya na Nigeria, na-egwu maka Lagos State Football Association Future Stars Academy na Abuja Football College. Alampasu nwere ule ya na Real Oviedo, Genk na Braga tupu ya abanye na Estoril Portuguese na February 2015.  Alampasu kwụsịrị nkwekọrịta ya na Estoril, n'ihi okwu visa, ma mesịa bịanye aka na Feirense.

N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2016, Alampasu bịanyere aka na Cesarense na mgbazinye ego.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4102/transfer-zone/2016/08/30/27013912/dele-alampasu-seals-cesarense-loan-move|title=Dele Alampasu seals Cesarense loan move|publisher=Goal|date=30 August 2016|accessdate=19 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 20 Jenụwarị 2019, Alampasu mere nke mbụ ya maka Feirense na 0-0 draw megide Rio Ave. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://us.soccerway.com/matches/2019/01/20/portugal/portuguese-liga-/rio-ave-fc/cd-feirense/2826063/|title=Rio Ave vs. Feirense 0–0|publisher=Soccerway|accessdate=6 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Febụwarị 2020, Alampasu bịanyere aka na klọb Ventspils nke Latvia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.today.ng/sport/football/dele-alampasu-ready-challenge-latvian-club-ventspils-280563|title=Dele Alampasu ready for new challenge at Latvian club FK Ventspils|publisher=Today|date=14 February 2020|accessdate=27 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Na 2013, Alampasu nọchitere Nigeria U17 na 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup, na-emeri ihe nrite Golden Glove, ka Golden Eaglets meriri iko mba ụwa U17 nke anọ ha.

N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2017, Alampasu mere nke mbụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]], dị ka onye nọchiri anya nkeji iri asaa, megide Togo na mmeri 3-0. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/commentary?gameId=479144|title=Nigeria 3–0 Togo|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=19 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Naịjirịa U17'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2013

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Glove: 2013

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1307387185|Daniel Itodo]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Daniel James Itodo''' (amụrụ na 14 n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 1996) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ mba ụwa nke na-agba maka Plateau United, dị ka onye azụ aka ekpe.

== Ọrụ ==
A mụrụ ya na [[Makurdi]], Itodo agbaala bọọlụ maka Celtic, DSS na Plateau United . &lt;ref name=&quot;AOI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://aoifootball.com/2017/01/13/itodo-eyes-more-assists-for-plateau-united-via-long-throws/|title=Itodo eyes more assists for Plateau United via long throws|date=13 January 2017|accessdate=19 July 2018|author=Chijioke Henry|publisher=AOI Football}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O mere mpụta mbụ ya na Naịjirịa n'afọ 2018.

== Ụdị egwuregwu ==
A maara Itodo maka ogologo oge ọ na-atụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;AOI&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://aoifootball.com/2017/01/13/itodo-eyes-more-assists-for-plateau-united-via-long-throws/|title=Itodo eyes more assists for Plateau United via long throws|date=13 January 2017|accessdate=19 July 2018|author=Chijioke Henry|publisher=AOI Football}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFChijioke_Henry2017&quot;&gt;Chijioke Henry (13 January 2017). [http://aoifootball.com/2017/01/13/itodo-eyes-more-assists-for-plateau-united-via-long-throws/ &quot;Itodo eyes more assists for Plateau United via long throws&quot;]. AOI Football&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;19 July&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}


[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336796093|Samson Tijani]]&quot;</comment>
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 {{updated|match played 28 September 2024}}&lt;ref name=&quot;soccerway&quot;&gt;{{soccerway|samson-okikiola-tijani/606535}}&lt;/ref&gt;'''Samson Okikiola Tijani''' (amụrụ na 17 Mee 2002) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka onye na-agba ọsọ n'etiti maka klọb Czech First League Dukla Prague . Ọ na-anọchite anya [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu mba Naịjirịa]].

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Red Bull Salzburg ===
Tijani malitere ọrụ ya na Collins Edwin Sports Club tupu ya abịanye aka na Red Bull Salzburg nke Austrian Bundesliga na 17 Julaị 2020. 
&lt;ref name=&quot;RedBull&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Red Bull Salzburg celebrate signing teen sensation Samson Okikiola Tijani|url=https://www.redbull.com/nz-en/fc-red-bull-salzburg-sign-samson-okikiola-tijani|accessdate=2 October 2020|publisher=Red Bull|date=17 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na ezumike oyi nke 2021-22, a kwalitere Tijani na Red Bull Salzburg.  N'abalị isii n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2022, Tijani mere nke mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ n'egwuregwu iko megide LASK. Ọ batara na nkeji nke 89 maka Nicolas Capaldo na mmeri 3-1.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wir stürmen ins Halbfinale!|url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/de/fc-red-bull-salzburg/news/saison_2021_22/spielbericht-lask-uniqa-oefb-cup-viertelfinale.html|work=Red Bull Salzburg}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Samson Tijani hat ein Ticket|url=https://www.kicker.de/salzburg-ueberrascht-bei-champions-league-nachnominierung-888660/artikel|work=Kicker}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'egwuregwu a gbara na Austria Wien na 22 Julaị 2022, ọ gbajiri agbaji n'olu ya na n'okpuru ya, ọ hapụrụ egwuregwu ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Salzburg's Samson Tijani out for Months after Severe Fracture|url=https://www.footballlive.ng/salzburgs-samson-tijani-out-for-months-after-severe-fracture/|work=footballlive|accessdate=26 December 2022|archivedate=25 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325192951/https://www.footballlive.ng/salzburgs-samson-tijani-out-for-months-after-severe-fracture/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ịgbazinye TSV Hartberg ====
Otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị, na 14 Ọgọst, Tijani gbaziri TSV Hartberg maka oge. O mere asọmpi izizi ya maka klọb ahụ na 30 August megide Dornbirner SV na iko Austrian. Ọ malitere wee gbaa egwuregwu ahụ ka Hartberg meriri 7–0. Na 12 Septemba 2020, Tijani mere mpụta izizi ọkachamara ya maka klọb na ọgbakọ megide Rheindorf Altach. Ọ malitere wee gbaa nkeji iri asaa na otu na eserese 1–1. O nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'egwuregwu 18 ọ gbara n'ebe ahụ, mana o tinyeghị ihe mgbaru ọsọ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ nyere aka.

==== Ịgbazinye FC Liefering ====
N'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2021, a gbazinyere Tijani FC Liefering n'ọnwarị ogologo oge.

==== Ịgbazinye Wolfsberger AC ====

==== Ịgbazinye Fredrikstad ====
Na 3 Septemba 2024, ọ sonyeere klọb Norwegian Eliteserien Fredrikstad, na mgbazinye ruo na ngwụcha afọ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en/recent/news/samson-tijani-wechselt-zu-fredrikstad|title=Samson Tijani moves to Fredrikstad|work=FC Red Bull Salzburg|date=3 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dukla Prague ===
Na 20 June 2025, Tijani bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọtụtụ afọ na klọb Czech First League Dukla Prague dị ka onye nnọchi anya n'efu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.sport.cz/clanek/fotbal-ceska-1-liga-dukla-ma-posilu-ze-salcburku-prichazi-nigerijsky-zaloznik-tijani-5250041|title=Dukla má posilu ze Salcburku. Přichází nigerijský záložník Tijani|work=Sport.cz|date=20 June 2025|accessdate=20 June 2025|language=cs|publisher=Borgis}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Tijani so n'akụkụ Naijiria iji sọọ mpi na Africa U-17 Cup of Nations, ebe ha bịara nke anọ wee ruo eru maka 2019 FIFA U-17 World Cup.&lt;ref name=&quot;RedBull&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Red Bull Salzburg celebrate signing teen sensation Samson Okikiola Tijani|url=https://www.redbull.com/nz-en/fc-red-bull-salzburg-sign-samson-okikiola-tijani|accessdate=2 October 2020|publisher=Red Bull|date=17 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge egwuregwu mmeghe nke otu ya na Hungary, Tijani gbara bọọlụ dịka Nigeria U17 meriri 4-2.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nigeria U17 4–2 Hungary U17|url=https://us.soccerway.com/matches/2019/10/26/world/u17-world-cup/nigeria-under-17/hungary-under-17/3070642/|work=Soccerway}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tijani mere nke mbụ ya na [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu mba Naịjirịa]] na mmeri enyi na enyi 1-0 na Algeria na 9 Ọktoba 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://uk.soccerway.com/matches/2020/10/09/world/friendlies/nigeria/algeria/3365306/|title=Nigeria vs. Algeria - 9 October 2020|work=Soccerway}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kọntinent
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Red Bull Salzburg
|2020–21
|Bundesliga nke Austria
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|2021–22
|Bundesliga nke Austria
|3
|0
|1
|0
|1[a]
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|0
|-
|2022–23
|Bundesliga nke Austria
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
|2024–25
|Bundesliga nke Austria
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!3
!0
!1
!0
!1
!0
!0
!0
!5
!0
|-
|TSV Hartberg (onye a gbazitere) 
|2020–21
|Bundesliga nke Austria
|14
|0
|3
|0
|1[b]
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|18
|0
|-
|FC Liefering (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2021–22
|2. Njikọ
|16
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|16
|0
|-
|Wolfsberger AC (onye a gbazinyere) 
|2023–24
|Bundesliga nke Austria
|27
|1
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|28
|1
|-
|Fredrikstad (onye e ji gbazinye ego) 
|2024
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|3
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!63
!0
!6
!0
!2
!0
!0
!0
!71
!1
|}
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

=== Mba Nile ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ
!Ndị otu mba
!Afọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]
|2020
|1
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!1
!0
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==

* Austrian Bundesliga: 2021-22
* Iko mba Austria: 2021-22

* Iko mba Norway: 2024

== Edensibia ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>29ibra9q6jo0uxf7z9u2697fu03qhgh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Anne de Leseleuc</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75541</id>
    <revision>
      <id>632836</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T22:09:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Confidence24</username>
        <id>24524</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340531639|Anne de Leseleuc]]&quot;</comment>
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&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

'''Anne de Leseleuc''', amuru dika '''Anne-Marie Briois''', (6 Disemba 1927 - 4 Mee 2022) bụ onye France na-eme ihe nkiri, onye edemede na onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14655500c|title=Carrère, Anne (1928-....)|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
Anne de Leseleuc jiri ọtụtụ aha arụ ọrụ, gụnyere Anne Carrère na Sophie Raynal, nke ikpeazụ ya bụ pseudonym maka akụkọ ndụ ya, Portrait d'une inconnue.

Mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Briois sonyere na ihe nkiri ma mụta ihe n'aka Maurice Escande. Ọ gara Mahadum Paris na CNSAD, kwụọ ụgwọ site n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye ọzọ na Comédie-Française. Na 1967, ọ lụrụ Alain de Leseleuc, onye bụ onye nduzi nke Théâtre de Paris.[1] Na 1975, ọ maliteghachiri ọmụmụ ihe ya na Mahadum Paris-Sorbonne wee nweta nzere Master nke Advanced Studies na nka akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe ochie. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na École du Louvre na 1979 ma gụchaa akara ugo mmụta doctorate ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Sorbonne na 1983.

N'afọ 1983, de Leseleuc bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, ''Le Douzième Vautour''. O mechara dee ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Gaul na Rom oge ochie. Site na 1992 ruo 1997, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ise ma sonye na edemede nke ihe nkiri 2001 Vercingétorix: La Légende du druide roi, nke Jacques Dorfmann duziri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=de Leseleuc|first=Anne|date=2000|title=Vercingétorix, ou, L'épopée des rois gaulois|url=|language=French|location=|publisher=L'Archipel|isbn=978-2-84187-250-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Anne de Leseleuc nwụrụ na Paris na 4 Mee 2022 mgbe ọ dị afọ 94.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://carnetdujour.lefigaro.fr/deces/annonces/391098978/|title=Anne de LESELEUC|date=10 May 2022|work=Le Figaro|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nkiri ==

* ''L'Oncle de France (1949)'' 
* ''Ha nọ n'ubi vaịn (1952)'' 
* ''Ọrụ ebube nke Saint Therese [fr] (1952)'' 
* ''Di m Dị Ebube (1952)'' 
* ''Royal Affairs na Versailles (1953)'' 
* ''Le Guérisseur (1953)'' 
* ''Cadet Rousselle (1954)'' 
* ''Nana (1955)'' 
* ''Napoleon (1955)'' 
* ''Les carottes sont cuites [fr](1956)'' 
* ''Marie Antoinette Eze Nwanyị nke France (1956)'' 
* ''La Traversée de Paris (1956)'' 
* ''OSS 117 Anwụghị Anwụ (1957)'' 
* ''Ụmụ nwoke mara mma (1957)'' 
* ''Les Tripes ma ọ bụ soleil [fr] (1958)''
* ''Ndụ n'Otu (1958)'' 
* ''Atụla ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara aka [fr] (1960)'' 
* ''Onye na-egbu ọbara nke Düsseldorf (1965)'' 
* ''Ndị ikom a nke ezinụlọ [fr] (1968)'' 
* ''[[Ces messieurs de la gâchette|Ndị ikom a na-agba égbè]] (1970)'' 
* ''Onye uwe ojii (1970)'' 

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==

=== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ===

==== ''Marcus Aper'' ====

* ''Oge ezumike nke Marcus Aper (1992)'' 
* ''Marcus Aper n'etiti ndị Rutene (1993)'' 
* ''Marcus Aper na Laureolus (1994)'' 
* ''Kalends nke Septemba (1995)'' 
* ''Akụ̀ dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke Boudicca (1997)'' 

==== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị nchọpụta ====

* ''Vercingétorix, ou l'Épopée des rois gaulois'' (2001) 
* ''Ihe Nzuzo nke Victorina'' (2001) 

==== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ ====

* ''Nnụnụ nke Iri na Abụọ (1983)'' 
* ''Eponin (1985)'' 
* ''Foto nke onye a na-amaghị ama (2009)'' 

=== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ===

* ''Nkịta, Enyi nke chi ndị France na Rom (1983)'' 
* ''Gaul: Ihe owuwu na mmepeanya  (2001)'' 
* ''Ezinụlọ Illyrian (2006)'' 
* ''Commios, eze nke Atrebates (2010)'' 
* ''Tetricus, eze ukwu Gaul (2012)'' 
* ''Julien onye ọkà ihe ọmụma (2013)'' 

== Ihe odide ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>0j05rhasctcl3f12hbznvcjut13qqca</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>632901</id>
      <parentid>632836</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T23:04:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Confidence24</username>
        <id>24524</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Confidence24 moved page [[Anne Carrère]] to [[Anne de Leseleuc]]</comment>
      <origin>632836</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3930" sha1="0j05rhasctcl3f12hbznvcjut13qqca" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

'''Anne de Leseleuc''', amuru dika '''Anne-Marie Briois''', (6 Disemba 1927 - 4 Mee 2022) bụ onye France na-eme ihe nkiri, onye edemede na onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14655500c|title=Carrère, Anne (1928-....)|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
Anne de Leseleuc jiri ọtụtụ aha arụ ọrụ, gụnyere Anne Carrère na Sophie Raynal, nke ikpeazụ ya bụ pseudonym maka akụkọ ndụ ya, Portrait d'une inconnue.

Mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Briois sonyere na ihe nkiri ma mụta ihe n'aka Maurice Escande. Ọ gara Mahadum Paris na CNSAD, kwụọ ụgwọ site n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye ọzọ na Comédie-Française. Na 1967, ọ lụrụ Alain de Leseleuc, onye bụ onye nduzi nke Théâtre de Paris.[1] Na 1975, ọ maliteghachiri ọmụmụ ihe ya na Mahadum Paris-Sorbonne wee nweta nzere Master nke Advanced Studies na nka akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe ochie. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na École du Louvre na 1979 ma gụchaa akara ugo mmụta doctorate ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Sorbonne na 1983.

N'afọ 1983, de Leseleuc bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, ''Le Douzième Vautour''. O mechara dee ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Gaul na Rom oge ochie. Site na 1992 ruo 1997, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ise ma sonye na edemede nke ihe nkiri 2001 Vercingétorix: La Légende du druide roi, nke Jacques Dorfmann duziri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=de Leseleuc|first=Anne|date=2000|title=Vercingétorix, ou, L'épopée des rois gaulois|url=|language=French|location=|publisher=L'Archipel|isbn=978-2-84187-250-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Anne de Leseleuc nwụrụ na Paris na 4 Mee 2022 mgbe ọ dị afọ 94.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://carnetdujour.lefigaro.fr/deces/annonces/391098978/|title=Anne de LESELEUC|date=10 May 2022|work=Le Figaro|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe nkiri ==

* ''L'Oncle de France (1949)'' 
* ''Ha nọ n'ubi vaịn (1952)'' 
* ''Ọrụ ebube nke Saint Therese [fr] (1952)'' 
* ''Di m Dị Ebube (1952)'' 
* ''Royal Affairs na Versailles (1953)'' 
* ''Le Guérisseur (1953)'' 
* ''Cadet Rousselle (1954)'' 
* ''Nana (1955)'' 
* ''Napoleon (1955)'' 
* ''Les carottes sont cuites [fr](1956)'' 
* ''Marie Antoinette Eze Nwanyị nke France (1956)'' 
* ''La Traversée de Paris (1956)'' 
* ''OSS 117 Anwụghị Anwụ (1957)'' 
* ''Ụmụ nwoke mara mma (1957)'' 
* ''Les Tripes ma ọ bụ soleil [fr] (1958)''
* ''Ndụ n'Otu (1958)'' 
* ''Atụla ụmụ nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara aka [fr] (1960)'' 
* ''Onye na-egbu ọbara nke Düsseldorf (1965)'' 
* ''Ndị ikom a nke ezinụlọ [fr] (1968)'' 
* ''[[Ces messieurs de la gâchette|Ndị ikom a na-agba égbè]] (1970)'' 
* ''Onye uwe ojii (1970)'' 

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==

=== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ===

==== ''Marcus Aper'' ====

* ''Oge ezumike nke Marcus Aper (1992)'' 
* ''Marcus Aper n'etiti ndị Rutene (1993)'' 
* ''Marcus Aper na Laureolus (1994)'' 
* ''Kalends nke Septemba (1995)'' 
* ''Akụ̀ dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke Boudicca (1997)'' 

==== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị nchọpụta ====

* ''Vercingétorix, ou l'Épopée des rois gaulois'' (2001) 
* ''Ihe Nzuzo nke Victorina'' (2001) 

==== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ ====

* ''Nnụnụ nke Iri na Abụọ (1983)'' 
* ''Eponin (1985)'' 
* ''Foto nke onye a na-amaghị ama (2009)'' 

=== Akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ===

* ''Nkịta, Enyi nke chi ndị France na Rom (1983)'' 
* ''Gaul: Ihe owuwu na mmepeanya  (2001)'' 
* ''Ezinụlọ Illyrian (2006)'' 
* ''Commios, eze nke Atrebates (2010)'' 
* ''Tetricus, eze ukwu Gaul (2012)'' 
* ''Julien onye ọkà ihe ọmụma (2013)'' 

== Ihe odide ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Otú:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>0j05rhasctcl3f12hbznvcjut13qqca</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Philip Ipole</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75542</id>
    <revision>
      <id>632856</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-12T22:25:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NiferO</username>
        <id>20385</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1299679758|Philip Ipole]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632856</origin>
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      <text bytes="1960" sha1="51987dcallefepjdo1guz0tfz0pinxa" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;'''Philip Orite Ipole''' (amụrụ na 6 N'ọnwa Junn afọ 2001) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ.

== Ọrụ klọb ==
O mere mpụta mbụ ya na Russian Football National League maka FC Olimp-Dolgoprudny na 17 Julaị 2021 na egwuregwu megide FC Rotor Volgograd. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=[[Russian Football National League]]|url=https://1fnl.ru/champioship/results/841/842/845/5370/|title=Game Report by FNL|date=17 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
{{updated|match played 17 July 2021}}&lt;ref&gt;{{soccerway|philip-orite-ipole/693641}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko Mba
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Kọntinent
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
|Zhetysu
|2021
|Njikọ Premier nke Kazakhstan
|7
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|7
|0
|-
|Olimp-Dolgoprudny
|2021–22
|Russian FNL
|16
|1
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|17
|1
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Hapoel Hadera
|2022–23
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Njikọ Premier nke Israel
|28
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|5
|0
|33
|0
|-
|2023–24
|26
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|4
|0
|31
|0
|-
|Hapoel Acre
|2024–25
|Njikọ Leumit
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|0
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!77
!1
!2
!0
!-
!-
!9
!0
!88
!1
|}
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt; 

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Philip Ipolen'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ
* [https://1fnl.ru/players/5333/ Profaịlụ site na Russian Football National League]


[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
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      <comment>Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot)</comment>
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{{Nnọọ|username=Léna|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 00:02, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)}}</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>DolphybBot</username>
        <id>61063</id>
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      <comment>Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot)</comment>
      <origin>632904</origin>
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{{Nnọọ|username=Ginikanwachimamkpa|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 00:02, 13 Mee 2026 (UTC)}}</text>
      <sha1>0jbelo6zz748iweh78vlo3v04h1tri6</sha1>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1276105085|Gaëlle Ghesquière]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632906</origin>
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      <text bytes="11822" sha1="nooo73wyjechin87xou032h8kz8h1ou" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; 

'''Gaëlle Ghesquière''' bụ onye France na-ese foto, onye nta akụkọ, na onye edemede nke nwetara aha ọma na-ese ndị na-ese egwu pop-rock n'elu ikpo okwu dịka [[Madonna]], Mick Jagger, David Bowie, [[Ben Harper]], Lenny Kravitz, James Brown, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Literature&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html|title=Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me|language=French|date=2 November 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Indigo Chapters|archivedate=24 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Ghesquière na Maubeuge n'ebe ugwu France &lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; ma biri na Somme, Oise, na Paris. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na kọleji, o dere edemede banyere asụsụ Walloon-Picard wee sonye na akwụkwọ akụkọ Le ''Figaro'' na France Soir dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya. N'afọ 1995, ọ ghọrọ onye na-ese foto na mberede. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Le Figaro ọ na-arụrụ ọrụ kwadoro ya, dị ka ụgwọ maka ụgwọ ọrụ ya, iji kpuchie egwu egwu nke Red Hot Chili Peppers na Zenith ebe o ji igwefoto mee foto ozugbo. Foto ndị o sere na kọntaktị ahụ dọtara uche Philippe Manoeuvre, onye guzobere magazin ''Rock &amp;amp;amp; Folk''. E kenyere ya ọrụ n'usoro mmekorita na kọntaktị nke Tina Turner, David Bowie, Lenny Kravitz, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Literature&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html|title=Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me|language=French|date=2 November 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Indigo Chapters|archivedate=24 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html &quot;Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me&quot;] (in French). Indigo Chapters. 2 November 2015. Archived from [https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html the original] on 24 June 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Levo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/maubeuge-gaelle-ghesquiere-une-vie-a-photographier-les-ia23b44386n2418049|title=Maubeuge: Gaëlle Ghesquière, a life photographing rockers|language=French|date=5 October 2014|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Lavoixdunord}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;La&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.editionsdelamartiniere.fr/ouvrage/rock-with-me/9782732477312|title=ROCK WITH ME :Portraits de scènes|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Editions de La Martiniere}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madonna họọrọ Ghesquière na 2000 iji were foto ya ma kwalite abọm egwu ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;La&quot; /&gt;

Mgbe ọ gara nke ọma mbụ ya, Ghesquière ejirila akwụkwọ akụkọ Rock &amp; Folk rụọ ọrụ, Ride On, Blast, wdg, yana maka ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ọ nọrọla ihe karịrị afọ 20 na-ese foto nke kpakpando rock ama ama na ihe nkiri ndị pụtara na mkpuchi album egwu. N'aka nke ọzọ, o dela ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara ahụmahụ ya na omenala nkume na ndị na-ese ihe nkiri pop-rock.&lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; O bipụtakwala akwụkwọ akpọrọ Rock with Me and Rock Access ma ọ bụ Behind the Scenes nke o gosiputara onyonyo onyonyo nke ndị omenkà ama ama sitere na Lou Reed ruo Madonna.&lt;ref name=&quot;Levo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/maubeuge-gaelle-ghesquiere-une-vie-a-photographier-les-ia23b44386n2418049|title=Maubeuge: Gaëlle Ghesquière, a life photographing rockers|language=French|date=5 October 2014|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Lavoixdunord}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/maubeuge-gaelle-ghesquiere-une-vie-a-photographier-les-ia23b44386n2418049 &quot;Maubeuge: Gaëlle Ghesquière, a life photographing rockers&quot;] (in French). Lavoixdunord. 5 October 2014&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Concert&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/lillers-c-est-parti-pour-une-semaine-tres-rock-n-ia32b54012n2605886|title=Lillers: let's go for a very rock'n roll punctuate d week of concerts|language=French|date=16 January 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Lavoixdunord}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'akwụkwọ &quot;Rock with Me&quot; o gosipụtara ihe karịrị foto 500 nke ndị omenkà pop a ma ama nke gụnyere aha dịka James Brown, Rolling Stones, David Bowie, Patti Smith, AC / DC. Akwụkwọ ahụ gosipụtara ekele ya maka akụkụ ụfọdụ nke àgwà nke ndị na-eti egwu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Men&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mensquare.com/menly/arts/musique/201719-rock-with-me-livre-portraits-rock|title=Rock With Me : Les Grands Noms Du Rock Se Racontent En Portraits|language=French|date=26 February 2016|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=mensquare.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe ngosi ==
Ghesquière emeela ihe ngosi nke ọrụ nka ya. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ: &lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

* 2004 50 Afọ nke rock, House of live na Paris 8ème.
* 2008 Gaëlle Ghesquière, Paris golf &amp; Country club
* 2010 Ihe ncheta nke Rolling Stones / Renoma
* 2010 Onye bụ nkume, Galerie Binôme
* 2011 Ememme Ihe osise, La Roche Posay
* 2011: Ihe ngosi Ònye bụ nkume? n'ụlọ Rockstar, Paris 
* 2012: Ihe ngosi Ònye bụ nkume? na Seyssel 
* 2013: Ihe ngosi &quot;Ihe oyiyi nke Rock&quot; na Étrœungt
* 2013: Ihe ngosi &quot;ROCK ACCESS&quot; na Paris Galerie BATIGNOLLE'S ART
* 2014: Nkwurịta okwu ngosi &quot;akụkọ ifo nke Rock&quot; Maubeuge Maison Folie,
* 2015: Nzukọ ngosi &quot;Les légendes du Rock&quot; Lillers
* 2016: Ihe ngosi na THE BLACK GALLERY Place des Vosges- Paris
* 2017: Ihe ngosi ROCK na ME na Noyon

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==
Ụfọdụ n'ime akwụkwọ ndị Ghesquière bipụtara bụ:&lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Literature&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html|title=Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me|language=French|date=2 November 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Indigo Chapters|archivedate=24 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html &quot;Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me&quot;] (in French). Indigo Chapters. 2 November 2015. Archived from [https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html the original] on 24 June 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Ga%C3%ABlle-Ghesqui%C3%A8re/e/B004MT1KVI|title=Books by Gaëlle Ghesquière|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Amazon.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* All Access (Site n'elu ikpo okwu gaa n'azụ pop) (2003) 
* ''Ihe Omume Nile'' Nile (2004) 
* Ben Harper na Live (2005) (French Edition) 
* ''Ònye bụ nkume?''  (2008) (Mbipụta French) 
* Rock with Me (2016) (French Edition) 

== Ihe odide ==
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'''Gaëlle Ghesquière''' bụ onye France na-ese foto, onye nta akụkọ, na onye edemede nke nwetara aha ọma na-ese ndị na-ese egwu pop-rock n'elu ikpo okwu dịka [[Madonna]], Mick Jagger, David Bowie, [[Ben Harper]], Lenny Kravitz, James Brown, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Literature&quot; /&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Ghesquière na Maubeuge n'ebe ugwu France &lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; ma biri na Somme, Oise, na Paris. N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na kọleji, o dere edemede banyere asụsụ Walloon-Picard wee sonye na akwụkwọ akụkọ Le ''Figaro'' na France Soir dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya. N'afọ 1995, ọ ghọrọ onye na-ese foto na mberede. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Le Figaro ọ na-arụrụ ọrụ kwadoro ya, dị ka ụgwọ maka ụgwọ ọrụ ya, iji kpuchie egwu egwu nke Red Hot Chili Peppers na Zenith ebe o ji igwefoto mee foto ozugbo. Foto ndị o sere na kọntaktị ahụ dọtara uche Philippe Manoeuvre, onye guzobere magazin ''Rock &amp;amp;amp; Folk''. E kenyere ya ọrụ n'usoro mmekorita na kọntaktị nke Tina Turner, David Bowie, Lenny Kravitz, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Literature&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html|title=Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me|language=French|date=2 November 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Indigo Chapters|archivedate=24 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html &quot;Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me&quot;] (in French). Indigo Chapters. 2 November 2015. Archived from [https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html the original] on 24 June 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Levo&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;La&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.editionsdelamartiniere.fr/ouvrage/rock-with-me/9782732477312|title=ROCK WITH ME :Portraits de scènes|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Editions de La Martiniere}}&lt;/ref&gt; Madonna họọrọ Ghesquière na 2000 iji were foto ya ma kwalite abọm egwu ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;La&quot; /&gt;

Mgbe ọ gara nke ọma mbụ ya, Ghesquière ejirila akwụkwọ akụkọ Rock &amp; Folk rụọ ọrụ, Ride On, Blast, wdg, yana maka ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ọ nọrọla ihe karịrị afọ 20 na-ese foto nke kpakpando rock ama ama na ihe nkiri ndị pụtara na mkpuchi album egwu. N'aka nke ọzọ, o dela ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara ahụmahụ ya na omenala nkume na ndị na-ese ihe nkiri pop-rock.&lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt; O bipụtakwala akwụkwọ akpọrọ Rock with Me and Rock Access ma ọ bụ Behind the Scenes nke o gosiputara onyonyo onyonyo nke ndị omenkà ama ama sitere na Lou Reed ruo Madonna.&lt;ref name=&quot;Levo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/maubeuge-gaelle-ghesquiere-une-vie-a-photographier-les-ia23b44386n2418049|title=Maubeuge: Gaëlle Ghesquière, a life photographing rockers|language=French|date=5 October 2014|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Lavoixdunord}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/maubeuge-gaelle-ghesquiere-une-vie-a-photographier-les-ia23b44386n2418049 &quot;Maubeuge: Gaëlle Ghesquière, a life photographing rockers&quot;] (in French). Lavoixdunord. 5 October 2014&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Concert&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/lillers-c-est-parti-pour-une-semaine-tres-rock-n-ia32b54012n2605886|title=Lillers: let's go for a very rock'n roll punctuate d week of concerts|language=French|date=16 January 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Lavoixdunord}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'akwụkwọ &quot;Rock with Me&quot; o gosipụtara ihe karịrị foto 500 nke ndị omenkà pop a ma ama nke gụnyere aha dịka James Brown, Rolling Stones, David Bowie, Patti Smith, AC / DC. Akwụkwọ ahụ gosipụtara ekele ya maka akụkụ ụfọdụ nke àgwà nke ndị na-eti egwu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Men&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mensquare.com/menly/arts/musique/201719-rock-with-me-livre-portraits-rock|title=Rock With Me : Les Grands Noms Du Rock Se Racontent En Portraits|language=French|date=26 February 2016|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=mensquare.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe ngosi ==
Ghesquière emeela ihe ngosi nke ọrụ nka ya. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ: &lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;

* 2004 50 Afọ nke rock, House of live na Paris 8ème.
* 2008 Gaëlle Ghesquière, Paris golf &amp; Country club
* 2010 Ihe ncheta nke Rolling Stones / Renoma
* 2010 Onye bụ nkume, Galerie Binôme
* 2011 Ememme Ihe osise, La Roche Posay
* 2011: Ihe ngosi Ònye bụ nkume? n'ụlọ Rockstar, Paris 
* 2012: Ihe ngosi Ònye bụ nkume? na Seyssel 
* 2013: Ihe ngosi &quot;Ihe oyiyi nke Rock&quot; na Étrœungt
* 2013: Ihe ngosi &quot;ROCK ACCESS&quot; na Paris Galerie BATIGNOLLE'S ART
* 2014: Nkwurịta okwu ngosi &quot;akụkọ ifo nke Rock&quot; Maubeuge Maison Folie,
* 2015: Nzukọ ngosi &quot;Les légendes du Rock&quot; Lillers
* 2016: Ihe ngosi na THE BLACK GALLERY Place des Vosges- Paris
* 2017: Ihe ngosi ROCK na ME na Noyon

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==
Ụfọdụ n'ime akwụkwọ ndị Ghesquière bipụtara bụ:&lt;ref name=&quot;Web&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/|title=Gaëlle Ghesquière|language=French|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Galeriebinome.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie|archivedate=13 June 2012}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120613175326/http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie &quot;Gaëlle Ghesquière&quot;] (in French). Galeriebinome.com. Archived from [http://www.galeriebinome.com/fr/3-artistes/8-gaelle-ghesquiere/2-biographie/ the original] on 13 June 2012&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Literature&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html|title=Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me|language=French|date=2 November 2015|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Indigo Chapters|archivedate=24 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160624140941/https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html &quot;Mick, Bruce, Johnny and me&quot;] (in French). Indigo Chapters. 2 November 2015. Archived from [https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/mick-bruce-johnny-and-me/9782841679614-item.html the original] on 24 June 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;28 May&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;
[[Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Ga%C3%ABlle-Ghesqui%C3%A8re/e/B004MT1KVI|title=Books by Gaëlle Ghesquière|accessdate=28 May 2016|publisher=Amazon.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* All Access (Site n'elu ikpo okwu gaa n'azụ pop) (2003) 
* ''Ihe Omume Nile'' Nile (2004) 
* Ben Harper na Live (2005) (French Edition) 
* ''Ònye bụ nkume?''  (2008) (Mbipụta French) 
* Rock with Me (2016) (French Edition) 

== Ihe odide ==
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    <title>Elizabeth Gille</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1276291626|Élisabeth Gille]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="1423" sha1="q73qts5le6fqw42g2vf7scfvhshahid" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Message box/ambox.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;'''Elizabeth Gille''' (20 Mee 1937 na Paris - 30 Septemba 1996) bụ onye nsụgharị na onye edemede French.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Élisabeth Gille|url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/gille-elisabeth|accessdate=2023-03-15|work=Jewish Women's Archive|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke onye edemede French-Russian-Jewish Irène Némirovsky na Michel Epstein. Ọ bụ onye edemede nke Le Mirador (1992), akụkọ ndụ nke nne ya. Na mgbakwunye na akwụkwọ ya gbasara nne ya, ọ bụkwa onye nchịkọta akụkọ mbụ na ụlọ obibi akwụkwọ French, Denoel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Ashley|first=Michael|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ojADAAAQBAJ|title=The History of the Science-fiction Magazine|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-1-78138-260-8|pages=272–273|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ nwụrụ obere oge ka e bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, Un pays de cendres, dabere na akụkọ banyere nlanarị ya na nwanne ya nwanyị Denise.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Taylor|first=John|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OisxDwAAQBAJ|title=Paths to Contemporary French Literature: Volume 2|date=2017-07-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-50058-6|pages=270|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
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    <title>Suzanne Feingold</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346492776|Suzanne Feingold]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Suzanne Feingold''' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Susan Benjamin Feingold, Psy.D, PMH-C|url=https://www.drsusanbfeingold.com/|accessdate=2021-01-11|work=Susan Benjamin Feingold, Psy.D, PMH-C|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; (1904-1977) bụ onye ọrụ French Resistance. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Ici Paris . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Everyday is Eventful {{!}} Whataday|url=https://whataday.info/1904/2/1|accessdate=2021-01-11|work=whataday.info}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ Suzanne Feingold na Febụwarị 1, 1904, na mpaghara nke 9 nke Paris. Ọ bụ ada Sehie Ber, nke a maara dị ka Otto Feingold, na Louise Zimmermann. Ndị mụrụ ya ghọrọ ụmụ amaala France na 1908: nna ya site na ịbụ nwa amaala (a mụrụ ya na Alaeze Ukwu Austria na 1866) na nne ya site na mweghachi ya (a mụrụ ọ na Barr, Alsace na 1865).

Suzanne lụrụ Roger Lévi na 1922, ma nwee nwa nwanyị.

== Ọrụ maka AIU ==
Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị nzere baccalaureate ya, Suzanne Feingold jere ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke Israel Universal Alliance (na French, Alliance Israel Universelle ma ọ bụ AIU) site na 1924 ruo na njedebe nke 1945.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Guide Complet sur Les colliers Anti Aboiement [2020]|url=https://collierantiaboiement.info/|accessdate=2021-01-11|work=Collier Anti-Aboiement|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== N'ime Mmegide ==
Feingold bụ akụkụ nke okike nke France na-aga n'ihu (La France Gaa n'ihu). Ndị ama ama na ngagharị mmegide a gụnyere Henri de Montfort, Paul Petit, Emile Coornaert, Marietta Martin, na Annie nke Montfort. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

France Continues bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ nzuzo. Mbipụta iri na atọ pụtara n'etiti June 1941 na February 1942. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1945|title=The Underground Press of France, Belgium, Norway, Denmark and the Netherlands|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/29780384|journal=Quarterly Journal of Current Acquisitions|volume=2|issue=3/4|pages=3–29|issn=0090-0095}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
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  <page>
    <title>Yvette Giraud</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336653726|Yvette Giraud]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Yvette Giraud''' (16 Septemba 1916 - 3 Ọgọst 2014) bụ onye na-agụ egwú pop ọdịnala nke France.

== Ọrụ ==
Giraud malitere ịbụ abụ na 1946 na &quot;Mademoiselle Hortensia&quot;, ma ọ bụ La Danseuse est Créole. Ya na di ya, bụbu Compagnon de la Chanson Marc Herrand, o dere akwụkwọ gbasara onwe ya na 2005, nke Editions du Signe bipụtara na Strasbourg, banyere otu o si bụrụ onye ama ama n'ụwa niile. A maara Giraud nke ọma na Japan, ebe ọ bụrụ abụ ogologo oge, na-azaghachi atụmanya ndị na-ege ntị kemgbe nleta mbụ ya na 1955. Ọ nwụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2014 mgbe ọ dị afọ 97. 

=== Onyinye na otuto ===
Na 14 February 1995 Eze Ukwu Japan nyere Giraud Order of the Precious Wisteria Crown. O mechara nweta Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres dị iche site n'aka Minista Omenala France..

=== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ===

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Okporo ụzọ mara mma [The Enchanted Road]. Strasbourg: Mbipụta nke Threshold.  . 

== Hụkwa ==
 

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-agụ egwu French
* Ndepụta nke ndị otu Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
{{Clear}}

== Edensibia ==
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== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Yvette GiraudnaAllMusic
* A -agaghị echefu echefu na , mkpuchi asụsụ French nke Unforgettable''[[Unforgettable (Nat King Cole song)|Ihe a na-agaghị echefu echefu]]''
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    <title>Lucienne Favre</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1288346904|Lucienne Favre]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Lucienne Favre''' (4 Jenụwarị 1894 - 21 Machị 1958) bụ onye edemede na onye na-ede egwuregwu na narị afọ nke 20. Ọ bụ Onye Algeria. O so na ndị mbụ nwere obi abụọ na onye Alakụba bụ́ onye na-ede akwụkwọ bụ́ onye Juu na Algeria bụ Elissa Rhaïs bụ Elissa Rhaïs.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Déjeux|first=Jean|date=1984|title=Élissa Rhaïs, conteuse algérienne (1876 -1940)|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/remmm_0035-1474_1984_num_37_1_2021|journal=Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée|volume=37|issue=1|pages=47–79|doi=10.3406/remmm.1984.2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara ==

; Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* 1925: ''Dimitri na Ọnwụ'', Ferenczi na nwa ya nwoke
* 1926: ''Bab-el-Oued'', Crès na Cie
* 1927: L'Homme derrière le mur, okwu mbido nke Pierre Mac Orlan, Crès et Cie
* 1929: La Noce, ed. [[Bernard Grasset (publisher)|Bernard Grasset]]
* 1930: Orientale 1930, Bernard Grasset, 意 Les Écrits, 1930; Grand Prix littéraire d'Algérie  
* 1933: Ihe niile a na-amaghị ama na Casbah nke Algiers, ihe osise nke Charles Brouty, Algiers
* 1936: Otu Sọnde n'ime Casbah, Akwụkwọ edemede nke 184, Ọktoba 1936  
* 1941: ''Otu puku ụbọchị, ahụmahụ nke Doudjda mara mma'', Gallimard
* 1937: Na Casbah, Grasset
* 1939: Ebe ịsa ahụ ndị Juu, Grasset
* 1942: Mourad, ajị anụ ọlaedo
* 1946: ''Doudjda'', Denoël
* 1948: ''Mourad nke Abụọ'', Denoël

; Ihe nkiri

* 1934: ''Isabella nke Africa''
* 1935: Prosper, légende en quatre parties et douze tableaux, Alger, Baconnier, 1935; nke Gaston Baty duziri na Théâtre MontparnasseỤlọ Egwuregwu Montparnasse

== Nsụgharị ==

* Ọnwụnwa nke Mourad, nke Willard R. Trask sụgharịrị site na French, New York, W. Morrow, 1948

== Hụkwa ==

* Algeriaism

== Akwụkwọ ==

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]&amp;nbsp;
* Sakina Messaadi, Les romancières coloniales et la femme colonisée: contribution à une étude de la littérature coloniale en Algeria dans la première moitié du XXe siècle, Éditions ANEP, 2004, p. 44&amp;nbsp;
* Ndị edemede French nke Algeria na ndị na-achị ala ọzọ 1900-1950, mbipụta Kailash, China Les Cahiers de la Sielec #5 China, 2008  

== Edensibia ==
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== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [[data.bnf.fr]]/11005965/lucienne_favre/&quot; id=&quot;mwYg&quot; rel=&quot;mw:ExtLink nofollow&quot;&gt;Lucienne Favre na data.bnf.fr
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1341069046|Yva Léro]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Yva Léro''' (4 Julaị 1912 – 25 Septemba 2007) bụ onye edemede na onye na-ese ihe n'asụsụ Afro-Martiniquais. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị edemede Antillean mbụ na Paris tupu mmegharị Négritude. Dịka onye nwere mmasị n'ihe gbasara nwanyị, o sonyere na nzukọ mba ụwa ma bụrụ onye guzobere otu Women's Union of Martinique (French: Union des Femmes de la Martinique). Ihe o dere na eserese ya gosipụtara ndụ na omenala nke Martinique, na-enyocha klaasị, okike, na agbụrụ na ọha mmadụ nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ dị iche iche nke dị na obodo Caribbean ya.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ Yva de Montaigne na 4 Julaị 1912[1] na La Trinité, Martinique nye Eponine (née Vachier) na Paul de Montaigne.[2] Nne na nna ya abụọ bụ ndị otu ezinụlọ dị iche iche, ha so na klas mulatto nke agwaetiti ahụ ma nwee ihe ùgwù ndị ọrụ nna ya dị ka injinia okporo ụzọ maka Ngalaba Injinịa Obodo wetara ha. Ọ bụkwa onyeisi Freemason Lodge dị n'ógbè ahụ ma bụrụkwa onye a na-akwanyere ùgwù n'obodo ahụ. De Montaigne na ụmụnne ya itoolu nwere obi ụtọ na nwata ha, mana ha maara maka ịda ogbenye nke ndị ọrụ ojii nọ n'agwaetiti ahụ, nke ga-apụta na eserese ya ma emechaa.[2]

== Paris ==
De Montaigne butere ọrịa ịba na ọrịa nje n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na praịmarị. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ nweghị ike ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ndị mụrụ ya tinyere ya n'akwụkwọ ozi nke École universelle na Paris na-enye. Ọnwụ nke ndị mụrụ ya mere ka de Montaigne kwaga Paris isonyere ụmụnne ya. Ọ debanyere aha na Pigier School, mana ọ hapụrụ tupu ọ gụchaa akwụkwọ ịchọ ọrụ ma gaa n'ihu na-amụ akwukwo n'onwe ya.[2] Ọ so n'òtù ndị edemede Antillean mbụ na Paris, na-ede uri n'ihu ndị dere mmegharị Négritude.[3][4] De Montaigne banyere na mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị mba ụwa ma nwee mmasị n'ichebe ikike ụmụ nwanyị.[2]

Na 1943, ndị ọchịchị France na Martinique malitere ime mgbanwe nchịkwa, nke butere mmegharị ụmụ nwanyị na-eto eto. Jane Léro, onye ga-aghọ nwanne di de Montaigne, keere òkè dị ukwuu n'ịhazi mmegharị ahụ, na June 1944, o hiwere Kọmitii Martiniquais nke Union of Women (French: Comité de l'Union des Femmes de la Martinique), nke ga-aghọ Union of French Women na 1946 [fr].[5] Yva bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere nzukọ ahụ. [6] N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ozi maka Ndị Na-eguzogide Ndị France.[2]

N'ihe dị ka ngwụcha agha ahụ, de Montaigne zutere ma lụọ Thélus Léro, onye mgbakọ na mwepụ na-arụ ọrụ na Paris onye sikwa na Martinique,  di na nwunye ahụ mechara mụọ ụmụ atọ.[2][7] Thélus ga-eje ozi dị ka onye omeiwu Kọmunist, na-anọchite anya Martinique na Senate nke France site na 1946 ruo 1948, na-esonyere Aimé Césaire na ndị ọzọ na usoro iji gbanwee ndị France na-achịbu na Ngalaba nke France. Césaire na nwunye ya, Suzanne na Léros ghọrọ ezigbo ndị enyi, na-emekọkarị ọnụ. N'oge a, na 1947, Léro gara mgbakọ nke Union of French Women dị ka onye nnọchi anya Martinique. Ka e mesịrị, mgbe ha laghachiri Martinique, Suzanne na Yva ga-anọgide na-akpachi anya, na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị.[2]

== Ịlaghachi na Martinique ==
Mgbe agha ahụ biri, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri Martinique ma Léro malitere ibipụta nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi. Akụkọ ya gosipụtara ọdịbendị dị iche iche nke ọha mmadụ na Antilles ma lekwasị anya na klas, okike na agbụrụ na njikọta nke ajọ mbunobi. O biputara akwukwo akwukwo ya na akwukwo. N'iji ihe osise na-ese ihe osise nke ya, o dekwara ihe osise ndụ ime obodo na Martinique, na-elekwasị anya na ndị ọrụ kwa ụbọchị.[2]

== Ọnwụ na ihe nketa ==
Léro nwụrụ na Septemba 2007 na Fort-de-France, Martinique ma lie ya na 25 Septemba mgbe emesịrị ozi na Bellevue Church. Nwa ya nwanyị Cathy Rosier nwụrụ tupu Léro, onye nwụrụ n'afọ 2004.[7]

== Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ ==

* ''La Plaie, (e dere na 1957 ma bipụta ya na 1979).[2] Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-enyocha ajọ mbunobi na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndụ ime obodo na nke obodo ukwu.[3]''
* ''Doucherie (1958) [2]''
* ''Douchérie: Loin du na-akwụ ụgwọ (1959) [3]''
* ''Peau d’ébène (1960) [3]''
* ''Akụkọ gara aga (1974) [3]''

== Ntụaka ==

=== Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ ===

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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335870878|Aline Coutrot]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Aline Coutrot''' (17 June 1927 20 Ọktoba 1987) bụ onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke France na ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọrụ nyocha ya na mbipụta ya lekwasịrị anya na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okpukpe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na narị afọ nke 20, yana ndị ntorobịa na France.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Pomfret|first=David M.|year=2004|title=Young People and the European City: Age Relations in Nottingham and Saint-Etienne, 1890–1940|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Leuven|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=978-0-754-60930-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1967, ọ natara Prix Broquette-Gonin (akwụkwọ) Award maka ọrụ ya Religious Forces in French Society . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Aline COUTROT|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/aline-coutrot|work=academie-francaise.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105040/https://www.academie-francaise.fr/aline-coutrot}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ ya na 17 June 1927 na Paris, Aline Coutrot bụ nwa nwanyị nke Coutrot Jacques (1898 - 1965) na Seringe Georgette (1905 - 1985), ha abụọ si Seine-et-Marne, Northern France.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLouise&quot;&gt;Louise, Thérèse. [https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 &quot;COUTROT, Aline&quot;]. ''maitron.fr''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Coutrot bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ ise. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot; /&gt;

Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Collège Sévigné, ụlọ akwụkwọ onwe onye na Paris. O mechara gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya dị elu na Mahadum Sorbonne . N'afọ 1972, ọ ghọrọ osote prọfesọ na Institute of Political Studies na Paris, ebe ọ nọrọ ọrụ ọkachamara ya niile na-akụzi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na okpukpe.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLouise&quot;&gt;Louise, Thérèse. [https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 &quot;COUTROT, Aline&quot;]. ''maitron.fr''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1983, ọ nwetara nzere doctorate na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'okpuru nlekọta nke René Rémond, onye ya na ya bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nyocha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hellman|first=John|year=2002|title=Communitarian Third Way: Alexandre Marc and Ordre Nouveau, 1930–2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FktLgT8B2yQC|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Montreal|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=978-0-773-52376-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na ntinye aka ọsụ ụzọ, n'adịghị ka ihe odide ndị ọzọ gbasara mkpokọta ndị ntorobịa lekwasịrị anya na mmegharị nke onye ọ bụla n'oge ahụ, o lere anya n'ụzọ sara mbara banyere mmegharị ntorobịa.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Pomfret|first=David M.|year=2004|title=Young People and the European City: Age Relations in Nottingham and Saint-Etienne, 1890–1940|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Leuven|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=978-0-754-60930-8}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPomfret2004&quot;&gt;Pomfret, David M. (2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ ''Young People and the European City: Age Relations in Nottingham and Saint-Etienne, 1890–1940'']. Leuven: Ashgate. p.&amp;nbsp;270. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-754-60930-8|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-754-60930-8&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105036/https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ nyochara ọrụ okpukpe na mmetụta agha na ndị ntorobịa na-arụ na ọha mmadụ na France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Whitney|first=Susan|date=11 September 2009|title=Mobilizing Youth: Communists and Catholics in Interwar France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_RnlqMaEloC|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Durham, North Carolina|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-822-39156-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Reynolds|first=Sian|year=1996|title=France Between the Wars: Gender and Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EXDVCuW9xD8C|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=London|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-415-12736-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka Coutrot siri kwuo, JOC enyeghị ndị otu ya ntụzịaka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọ bụla, kama ọ kụziiri ha ụkpụrụ nke ntinye aka na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Horn|first=Gerd-Rainer|year=2001|title=Left Catholicism, 1943–1955: Catholics and Society in Western Europe at the Point of Liberation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7gkUlNqDNm4C|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Leuven|publisher=Leuven University Press|isbn=978-9-058-67093-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLouise&quot;&gt;Louise, Thérèse. [https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 &quot;COUTROT, Aline&quot;]. ''maitron.fr''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka oge na-aga n'ọrụ ya, o nwere mmasị n'ịmepụta Atomic Energy Commission . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Imlay|first=Talbot C.|date=24 January 2007|title=The Fog of Peace and War Planning: Military and Strategic Planning under Uncertainty|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3E5_AgAAQBAJ|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Oxfordshire|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-21087-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ nwụrụ na 20 Ọktoba 1987 na Paris.

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
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'''Aline Coutrot''' (17 June 1927 20 Ọktoba 1987) bụ onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke France na ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1/&quot;&gt; Ọrụ nyocha ya na mbipụta ya lekwasịrị anya na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okpukpe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na narị afọ nke 20, yana ndị ntorobịa na France.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Pomfret|first=David M.|year=2004|title=Young People and the European City: Age Relations in Nottingham and Saint-Etienne, 1890–1940|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Leuven|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=978-0-754-60930-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1967, ọ natara Prix Broquette-Gonin (akwụkwọ) Award maka ọrụ ya Religious Forces in French Society . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Aline COUTROT|url=https://www.academie-francaise.fr/aline-coutrot|work=academie-francaise.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105040/https://www.academie-francaise.fr/aline-coutrot}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ ya na 17 June 1927 na Paris, Aline Coutrot bụ nwa nwanyị nke Coutrot Jacques (1898 - 1965) na Seringe Georgette (1905 - 1985), ha abụọ si Seine-et-Marne, Northern France.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLouise&quot;&gt;Louise, Thérèse. [https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 &quot;COUTROT, Aline&quot;]. ''maitron.fr''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Coutrot bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ ise. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot; /&gt;

Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Collège Sévigné, ụlọ akwụkwọ onwe onye na Paris. O mechara gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya dị elu na Mahadum Sorbonne . N'afọ 1972, ọ ghọrọ osote prọfesọ na Institute of Political Studies na Paris, ebe ọ nọrọ ọrụ ọkachamara ya niile na-akụzi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na okpukpe.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLouise&quot;&gt;Louise, Thérèse. [https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 &quot;COUTROT, Aline&quot;]. ''maitron.fr''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1983, ọ nwetara nzere doctorate na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'okpuru nlekọta nke René Rémond, onye ya na ya bipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nyocha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hellman|first=John|year=2002|title=Communitarian Third Way: Alexandre Marc and Ordre Nouveau, 1930–2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FktLgT8B2yQC|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Montreal|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=978-0-773-52376-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na ntinye aka ọsụ ụzọ, n'adịghị ka ihe odide ndị ọzọ gbasara mkpokọta ndị ntorobịa lekwasịrị anya na mmegharị nke onye ọ bụla n'oge ahụ, o lere anya n'ụzọ sara mbara banyere mmegharị ntorobịa.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Pomfret|first=David M.|year=2004|title=Young People and the European City: Age Relations in Nottingham and Saint-Etienne, 1890–1940|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Leuven|publisher=Ashgate|isbn=978-0-754-60930-8}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPomfret2004&quot;&gt;Pomfret, David M. (2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ ''Young People and the European City: Age Relations in Nottingham and Saint-Etienne, 1890–1940'']. Leuven: Ashgate. p.&amp;nbsp;270. [[ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-754-60930-8|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-754-60930-8&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105036/https://books.google.com/books?id=OZmGAAAAIAAJ Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ nyochara ọrụ okpukpe na mmetụta agha na ndị ntorobịa na-arụ na ọha mmadụ na France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Whitney|first=Susan|date=11 September 2009|title=Mobilizing Youth: Communists and Catholics in Interwar France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_RnlqMaEloC|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Durham, North Carolina|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-822-39156-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Reynolds|first=Sian|year=1996|title=France Between the Wars: Gender and Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EXDVCuW9xD8C|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=London|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-415-12736-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka Coutrot siri kwuo, JOC enyeghị ndị otu ya ntụzịaka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọ bụla, kama ọ kụziiri ha ụkpụrụ nke ntinye aka na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Horn|first=Gerd-Rainer|year=2001|title=Left Catholicism, 1943–1955: Catholics and Society in Western Europe at the Point of Liberation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7gkUlNqDNm4C|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Leuven|publisher=Leuven University Press|isbn=978-9-058-67093-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Louise|first=Thérèse|title=COUTROT, Aline|url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010|work=maitron.fr|accessdate=21 July 2023|archivedate=21 July 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLouise&quot;&gt;Louise, Thérèse. [https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 &quot;COUTROT, Aline&quot;]. ''maitron.fr''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230721105037/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article21010 Archived] from the original on 21 July 2023&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;21 July&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ka oge na-aga n'ọrụ ya, o nwere mmasị n'ịmepụta Atomic Energy Commission . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Imlay|first=Talbot C.|date=24 January 2007|title=The Fog of Peace and War Planning: Military and Strategic Planning under Uncertainty|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3E5_AgAAQBAJ|accessdate=21 July 2023|location=Oxfordshire|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-21087-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ nwụrụ na 20 Ọktoba 1987 na Paris.

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    <title>Madeleine Coudray</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1166952618|Madeleine Coudray]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Madeleine Coudray''' (amụrụ na 1907 na Ruffec, Charente; nwụrụ na 1978 na Orléans) bụ onye France ode akwụkwọ mpụ. Edemede ya nwetara nlebara anya malite na 1960s.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gorrara2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Claire Gorrara|title=French Crime Fiction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vq8LAQAAMAAJ|year=2009|publisher=University of Wales Press|isbn=978-0-7083-2101-0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ natara 1978 Grand Prix de Littérature Policière award .

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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1178979937|Emmanuelle Salasc]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Emmanuelle Salasc''' (onye bụbu Pagano) (amụrụ n'afọ 1969) bụ onye edemede French.  

O dere akwụkwọ ndị a sụgharịrị n'ihe karịrị asụsụ iri na abụọ, ma merie EU Prize for Literature &lt;ref name=&quot;booker&quot; /&gt; maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya Les Adolescents troglodytes. Akwụkwọ ya Faces on the Tip of My Tongue bụ nke abụọ n'ime akwụkwọ ya a ga-atụgharị n'asụsụ Bekee na n'afọ 2020, edebere ya aha maka International Booker Prize . &lt;ref name=&quot;booker&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Emmanuelle Pagano|url=https://thebookerprizes.com/the-booker-library/authors/emmanuelle-pagano|accessdate=2022-09-28|work=thebookerprizes.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A mụrụ Salasc na 1969 na Aveyron . &lt;ref name=&quot;Gavard-Perret&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Gavard-Perret|first=Jean-Paul|title=Emmanuelle Salasc : roi et reine|url=http://salon-litteraire.linternaute.com/fr/p-o-l/review/1954723-emmanuelle-salasc-roi-et-reine|work=salon-litteraire.linternaute.com|accessdate=29 September 2022|language=fr|date=17 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GouvFR&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Emmanuelle Pagano|url=https://www.culture.gouv.fr/en/Regions/Drac-Provence-Alpes-Cote-d-Azur/Politique-et-actions-culturelles/Livre-et-lecture/Creation-et-developpement-en-region-Paca-d-un-reseau-de-residences-litteraires/Les-laureats/Emmanuelle-Pagano|work=www.culture.gouv.fr|accessdate=29 September 2022|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ya na ezinụlọ ya bi na Ardeche. ya na ezinụlọ ya. N'afọ 2021, ọ malitere ibipụta n'okpuru aha nna ya, Salasc, ebe o bipụtaburu site na iji Pagano, aha nna ya lụrụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Omont&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Omont|first=Sébastien|title=Hors gel, d'Emmanuelle Salasc : la mémoire et la menace|url=https://www.en-attendant-nadeau.fr/2021/12/29/memoire-menace-salasc/|work=En attendant Nadeau|accessdate=29 September 2022|language=fr-FR|date=28 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Houssin&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Houssin|first=Xavier|title=&quot; Hors gel &quot;, d'Emmanuelle Salasc : méfiez-vous de l'eau qui dort|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2021/10/14/hors-gel-d-emmanuelle-salasc-mefiez-vous-de-l-eau-qui-dort_6098322_3260.html|accessdate=29 September 2022|work=Le Monde.fr|date=14 October 2021|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Devarrieux&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Devarrieux|first=Claire|title=Le glacier Salasc|url=https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/le-glacier-salasc-20210903_5VIXDLQ2HRD3PEFYQ7WHWG6MDU/|accessdate=29 September 2022|work=Libération|date=3 September 2021|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Onyinye ==

* Ihe nrite TSR nke akwụkwọ akụkọ 2005 maka Le Tiroir à cheveux.
* Ihe nrite Wepler 2008 maka Les Mains gamines.
* Ihe nrite Rhône-Alpes nke Akwụkwọ 2009 maka Les Mains gamines.
* Ihe nrite Rhône-Alpes maka ihe nkiri 2009 maka Les Adolescents troglodytes.
* Ihe nrite akwụkwọ nke European Union 2009 maka Les Adolescents troglodytes.
* Ihe nrite nke Roman Ecologie 2018 maka Sauf Riverains.

* Pour être chez moi, sous le pseudonyme d'Emma Schaak, récit, éditions du Rouergue, 2002.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akụkọ a na-akpọ Shaan, 2011.  
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Le Travail de mourir, akụkọ ọhụrụ, foto nke Claude Rouyer, mbipụta. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]

== Edensibia ==
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1216656621|Catherine Lépront]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Catherine Lépront''' (June 1951, Le Creusot - 19 August 2012)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sabine Aaudrerie|title=Catherine Lépront, L'empreinte des rapports humains|url=http://www.la-croix.com/Culture-Loisirs/Culture/Livres/Catherine-Lepront-l-empreinte-des-rapports-humains-_EG_-2012-08-20-844149|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye France na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye na-ede egwuregwu, onye na'ede akụkọ mkpirikpi na onye edemede.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Catherine Lépront n'ezinụlọ ndị dọkịta na ndị egwu. Nke mbụ, ọ bụ nọọsụ na-eme ihe n'eziokwu (ahụmịhe ọ kọwara n'akụkọ ya bụ ''Des gens du monde''), ọ bụ onye na-ede egwuregwu na onye ndụmọdụ akwụkwọ maka Éditions Gallimard. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na-ejikọta akụkọ ihe mere eme na akụkọ ezinụlọ na akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ncheta nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Agha Indochina, Agha Algeria, ọdachi ndị ọchịchị na nke ụwa ọchịchị aka ike na-eme ka ndị dika ya lekwasị anya n'ọmịiko na njakịrị dị nro. Ọrụ ya niile nwere nkatọ miri emi megide ndi ihu abụọ nke ndị bourgeois, ike ọchịchị na-enweghi ezi uche na nnabata echiche na-enweghi nghota. Ọ na-eme nke ọma n'ịmegharị okwu ọnụ, ebe ọ na-eme ka ịdị omimi nke echiche mmadụ dị n'ime pụta ihè, na-emepụta akụkọ jupụtara na nrụgide uche siri ike, ma na-ewulite ọnọdụ uri na egwu nke mmetụta uche nke na-echeta Virginia Woolf na ụfọdụ ndị odeakwukwo Russia. Egwu, eserese, na ihe okike nka n'ozuzu rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa ebe a. 

Di ya nke abụọ bụ onye ọkà ihe ọmụma German bụ Marc de Launay [fr].

== Ọrụ ==

* ''1983: Le Tour du domaine, Paris, Gallimard, 182 p.   ''
* ''1983: &quot;Charente-Maritime&quot; ma ọ bụ Les Succès d'un enfant du pays, na Maryannick Togni, Paris, Éditions Gallimard, 123 p.   ''
* ''1984: Une Rumeur , Gallimard, 196 p.   ''
* ''1986: Le Retour de Julie Farnèse, Gallimard, 230 p.   ''
* ''1987: Partie de chasse au bord de la mer, Gallimard, 171 p.   ''
* ''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &quot;Ọ bụ otu ugboro&quot;, 283 p.   ''
* ''1989: La Veuve Lucas s'est assise, Gallimard, 179 p.   ''
* ''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &quot;Otu na onye ọzọ&quot;, 183 peeji nke   ''
* ''1991: Trois gardiennes, Gallimard, 166 p.''   

:: - Prix Goncourt nke akụkọ 1992

* 1993: ''Un geste en dentelle, Gallimard, 189 p.'' 
* 1995: ''Caspar David Friedrich : des paysages les yeux fermés, Gallimard, Kọl. &quot;L'Art et l'écrivain&quot;, 179 p.'' 
* 1995: ''Josée Bethléem, sochiri Femme seule à l'aquarium, Gallimard, 184 p.'' 
* 1997: ''Namokel, Éditions du Seuil, 361 p.'' 
* 1998: ''Ivoire, Editions Gallimard, kọlụm. &quot; Page blanche [ fr ] &quot;, 46 p.'' 
* 1998: ''L'Affaire du muséum, Editions du Seuil, kọlụm. &quot;Solo&quot;, 123 p.'' 
* 2000: ''Le Cahier de moleskine noire du délateur Mikhaïl, Éditions du Seuil, coll. &quot;Solo&quot;, 139 p.'' 
* 2001: ''Le café Zimmermann, Editions du Seuil, 268 p.'' 
* 2003: ''Des gens du monde, Éditions du Seuil,'' 138 p. 

:: - Prix Louis-Guilloux 2004

* 2003: ''Judith et Holopherne'', na Marc de Launay na Laura Weigert, Éditions Desclée de Brouwer [fr], kọlụm. &quot;Triptyque&quot;, 122 p. 
* 2005: ''Azụmahịa infinies'', sochiri ''òkù à la pleine lune'', Arles, Actes Sud, Coll. &quot;Papier&quot;, 94 p. 
* 2005: ''Ces lèvres qui remuent'', Éditions du Seuil, 342 p.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Vidéo Ina - Catherine Lépront : Ses lèvres qui remuent, vidéo Catherine Lépront : Ses lèvres qui remuent, vidéo Art et Culture Littérature - Archives vidéos Art et Culture Littérature : Ina.fr|url=http://www.ina.fr/art-et-culture/litterature/video/2926116001/catherine-lepront-ses-levres-qui-remuent.fr.html|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2006: ''Amparo'', Paris, Editions Inventaire/Invention, kọlụm. &quot;En passant&quot;, 57 p. 
* 2007: ''Esther Mésopotamie'', Éditions du Seuil, 212 p. 
* 2006: ''Entre le silence et l'œuvre'', Éditions du Seuil, akwụkwọ. &quot;Mgbanwe&quot;, 343 p. 
* 2008: ''Ingres, ombres na-adịgide adịgide : belles feuilles du Musée Ingres de Montauban'', ngosi, Montauban, Musée Ingres, 21 Maachị–29 June 2008 na Paris, Musée de la vie romantique, 16 September 2008 – 4 January 2009], katalọgụ, Paris, Le Passage, coll. &quot;Carte blanche&quot;, 157 p. 
* 2008: ''Disparition d'un chien'', Éditions du Seuil, 375 p. 
* 2010: ''Le Beau Visage de l'ennemi'', Éditions du Seuil, 232 p.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Le Beau Visage de l'ennemi|url=http://fiches.lexpress.fr/livre/le-beau-visage-de-l-ennemi_271321?a|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2012: ''L'Anglaise'', Éditions du Seuil, 257 p.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Adrien Aszerman|title=L'Anglaise, Catherine Lépront|url=https://www.actualitte.com/article/monde-edition/catherine-lepront-de-ces-auteurs-qui-savent-conseiller-les-talents-naissants/35264|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
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'''Catherine Lépront''' (June 1951, Le Creusot - 19 August 2012)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sabine Aaudrerie|title=Catherine Lépront, L'empreinte des rapports humains|url=http://www.la-croix.com/Culture-Loisirs/Culture/Livres/Catherine-Lepront-l-empreinte-des-rapports-humains-_EG_-2012-08-20-844149|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; bụ onye France na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye na-ede egwuregwu, onye na'ede akụkọ mkpirikpi na onye edemede.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Catherine Lépront n'ezinụlọ ndị dọkịta na ndị egwu. Nke mbụ, ọ bụ nọọsụ na-eme ihe n'eziokwu (ahụmịhe ọ kọwara n'akụkọ ya bụ ''Des gens du monde''), ọ bụ onye na-ede egwuregwu na onye ndụmọdụ akwụkwọ maka Éditions Gallimard. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na-ejikọta akụkọ ihe mere eme na akụkọ ezinụlọ na akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ncheta nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Agha Indochina, Agha Algeria, ọdachi ndị ọchịchị na nke ụwa ọchịchị aka ike na-eme ka ndị dika ya lekwasị anya n'ọmịiko na njakịrị dị nro. Ọrụ ya niile nwere nkatọ miri emi megide ndi ihu abụọ nke ndị bourgeois, ike ọchịchị na-enweghi ezi uche na nnabata echiche na-enweghi nghota. Ọ na-eme nke ọma n'ịmegharị okwu ọnụ, ebe ọ na-eme ka ịdị omimi nke echiche mmadụ dị n'ime pụta ihè, na-emepụta akụkọ jupụtara na nrụgide uche siri ike, ma na-ewulite ọnọdụ uri na egwu nke mmetụta uche nke na-echeta Virginia Woolf na ụfọdụ ndị odeakwukwo Russia. Egwu, eserese, na ihe okike nka n'ozuzu rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa ebe a. 

Di ya nke abụọ bụ onye ọkà ihe ọmụma German bụ Marc de Launay [fr].

== Ọrụ ==

* ''1983: Le Tour du domaine, Paris, Gallimard, 182 p.   ''
* ''1983: &quot;Charente-Maritime&quot; ma ọ bụ Les Succès d'un enfant du pays, na Maryannick Togni, Paris, Éditions Gallimard, 123 p.   ''
* ''1984: Une Rumeur , Gallimard, 196 p.   ''
* ''1986: Le Retour de Julie Farnèse, Gallimard, 230 p.   ''
* ''1987: Partie de chasse au bord de la mer, Gallimard, 171 p.   ''
* ''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &quot;Ọ bụ otu ugboro&quot;, 283 p.   ''
* ''1989: La Veuve Lucas s'est assise, Gallimard, 179 p.   ''
* ''[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &quot;Otu na onye ọzọ&quot;, 183 peeji nke   ''
* ''1991: Trois gardiennes, Gallimard, 166 p.''   

:: - Prix Goncourt nke akụkọ 1992

* 1993: ''Un geste en dentelle, Gallimard, 189 p.'' 
* 1995: ''Caspar David Friedrich : des paysages les yeux fermés, Gallimard, Kọl. &quot;L'Art et l'écrivain&quot;, 179 p.'' 
* 1995: ''Josée Bethléem, sochiri Femme seule à l'aquarium, Gallimard, 184 p.'' 
* 1997: ''Namokel, Éditions du Seuil, 361 p.'' 
* 1998: ''Ivoire, Editions Gallimard, kọlụm. &quot; Page blanche [ fr ] &quot;, 46 p.'' 
* 1998: ''L'Affaire du muséum, Editions du Seuil, kọlụm. &quot;Solo&quot;, 123 p.'' 
* 2000: ''Le Cahier de moleskine noire du délateur Mikhaïl, Éditions du Seuil, coll. &quot;Solo&quot;, 139 p.'' 
* 2001: ''Le café Zimmermann, Editions du Seuil, 268 p.'' 
* 2003: ''Des gens du monde, Éditions du Seuil,'' 138 p. 

:: - Prix Louis-Guilloux 2004

* 2003: ''Judith et Holopherne'', na Marc de Launay na Laura Weigert, Éditions Desclée de Brouwer [fr], kọlụm. &quot;Triptyque&quot;, 122 p. 
* 2005: ''Azụmahịa infinies'', sochiri ''òkù à la pleine lune'', Arles, Actes Sud, Coll. &quot;Papier&quot;, 94 p. 
* 2005: ''Ces lèvres qui remuent'', Éditions du Seuil, 342 p.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Vidéo Ina - Catherine Lépront : Ses lèvres qui remuent, vidéo Catherine Lépront : Ses lèvres qui remuent, vidéo Art et Culture Littérature - Archives vidéos Art et Culture Littérature : Ina.fr|url=http://www.ina.fr/art-et-culture/litterature/video/2926116001/catherine-lepront-ses-levres-qui-remuent.fr.html|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2006: ''Amparo'', Paris, Editions Inventaire/Invention, kọlụm. &quot;En passant&quot;, 57 p. 
* 2007: ''Esther Mésopotamie'', Éditions du Seuil, 212 p. 
* 2006: ''Entre le silence et l'œuvre'', Éditions du Seuil, akwụkwọ. &quot;Mgbanwe&quot;, 343 p. 
* 2008: ''Ingres, ombres na-adịgide adịgide : belles feuilles du Musée Ingres de Montauban'', ngosi, Montauban, Musée Ingres, 21 Maachị–29 June 2008 na Paris, Musée de la vie romantique, 16 September 2008 – 4 January 2009], katalọgụ, Paris, Le Passage, coll. &quot;Carte blanche&quot;, 157 p. 
* 2008: ''Disparition d'un chien'', Éditions du Seuil, 375 p. 
* 2010: ''Le Beau Visage de l'ennemi'', Éditions du Seuil, 232 p.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Le Beau Visage de l'ennemi|url=http://fiches.lexpress.fr/livre/le-beau-visage-de-l-ennemi_271321?a|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2012: ''L'Anglaise'', Éditions du Seuil, 257 p.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Adrien Aszerman|title=L'Anglaise, Catherine Lépront|url=https://www.actualitte.com/article/monde-edition/catherine-lepront-de-ces-auteurs-qui-savent-conseiller-les-talents-naissants/35264|accessdate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
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'''Anthony Okpotu''' (amụrụ na 3 n'ọnwa Maachị afọ 1994) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ maka klọb Saudi Al-Jandal na [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu mba Naijiria]].

== Ọrụ klọb ==
A mụrụ ya na [[Makurdi]], Okpotu nọrọ na Lobi Stars na Al-Ittihad Tripoli.&lt;ref name=&quot;TGN&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Okpotu seeks for space among stars|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/okpotu-seeks-for-space-among-stars/|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|date=23 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2018 o nwere ikpe na klọb Danish Brøndby . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://brondby.com/nyhed/2018/04/10/truppen-til-dagens-reserveligakamp-mod-fck|title=Truppen til dagens Reserveligakamp mod FCK|date=10 April 2018|accessdate=10 April 2018|language=Danish|publisher=Brøndby IF}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ sonyeere otu Morocco Difaâ Hassani El Jadidi na July 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/3563617/anthony-okpotu-npfl-goal-king-moves-to-difaa-el-jadida|title=NPFL goal king Anthony Okpotu moves to Difaa El Jadida|date=12 July 2018|accessdate=10 August 2018|author=Ed Dove|publisher=ESPN}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 31 Jenụwarị 2019, a gbazinyere Okpotu na klọb Albania KF Laçi.

N'abalị iri n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, ọ bịanyere aka na klọb Qatar SC.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=القطرية|first=العرب|date=23 October 2020|title=نادي قطر يتعاقد مع المهاجم النيجيري انتوني اوكبوتو|url=https://alarab.qa/article/23/10/2020/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88|accessdate=31 December 2021|work=العرب القطرية|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 28 n'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2023, Okpotu sonyeere ndị otu Saudi First Division Al-Ain . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=المهاجم النيجيري أنتوني أوكبوتو ، عيناويا|url=https://twitter.com/alain_ksa/status/1684932234690641920}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 23 Junn afọ 2024, Okpotu sonyeere Al-Adalah . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=اهلا بك في نادي العدالة|url=https://x.com/aladalahclub/status/1806403202507747558}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na 23 Ọgostu afọ 2025, Okpotu sonyeere Al-Jandal.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=النيجيري  &quot; أوكبوتو &quot; لاعـبًا لـ #مارد_الجوف|url=https://x.com/Aljandal_Fc/status/1959332452394021030}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Okpotu mere nke mbụ ya na mba ụwa maka [[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]] n'afọ 2018.

== Nsọpụrụ ==

* Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na Njikọ bọọlụ nke Nigeria: 2017 (19 goolu) &lt;ref name=&quot;TGN&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Okpotu seeks for space among stars|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/okpotu-seeks-for-space-among-stars/|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|date=23 September 2017}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://guardian.ng/sport/okpotu-seeks-for-space-among-stars/ &quot;Okpotu seeks for space among stars&quot;]. ''[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]''. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 September 2017.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ligue Professionnelle 1 Onye kacha gbaa goolu: 2019 (14 goolu) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://jdwel.com/2019-2020-tunisian-ligue-1-scorers/|title=جدول ترتيب هدافين الدوري التونسي 2019/2020|date=7 August 2019|work=جدول}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}{{Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 top scorers}}


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[[Faịlụ:Helene_Leune.jpg|thumb|Hélène Vitivilia Leune na Filippiada, Epirus, Gris, Disemba 1912, foto sitere na ebe nchekwa ihe ochie nke Actia Nicopolis Foundation, Preveza.]]
[[Faịlụ:Hélène_Vitivilia_Leune.png|thumb|Hélène Vitivilia Leune, foto sitere na L'Illustration, August 1913]]
'''Hélène Vitivilia Leune''' (Constantinople - 18 Mee 1940, Vitry-le-François), nke a makwaara site na aha edemede '''Lene Candilly''', bụ onye edemede French nke sitere na Gris, onye njem, onye na-ede akwụkwọ agha, na onye nọọsụ Red Cross a kwanyere ùgwù.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
[[Faịlụ:Helene_Leune_1911.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Hélène Vitivilia Leune na Athens, foto sitere na magazin Πινακοθήκη, July 1911]]
Hélène Vitivilia bụ onye Gris si Constantinople.[1][2] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na ngalaba akụkọ ihe mere eme na Sorbonne dị na Paris wee gụchaa akwụkwọ na 1909. O yikarịrị ka ọ bụ ebe ahụ ka ọ zutere di ya n'ọdịnihu, Jean Victor Charles Edmond Leune, onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na otu ngalaba ahụ na 1912.[3] Na 7 Febụwarị 1911, Vitivilia lụrụ Leune na Paris, n'ụlọ nzukọ obodo nke 16e arrondissement na Paris.[4]

Leune bụ onye njem obi ike n'oge ndụ ya niile. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ gara Athens na Kérassunde (Giresun), Turkey na 1911.[1][2]

== Onye nta akụkọ agha (Agha Balkan Mbụ) ==
Jean na Hélène Leune gara Balkans ebe e zigara ya dịka onye nta akụkọ (onye nta akụkọ ukwu) maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Paris bụ ''L'Illustration'' n'oge Agha Balkan Mbụ na 1912–1913. Hélène bụkwa onye nta akụkọ maka l'Illustration na le Figaro.[1] A kpọtụrụ aha ya n'isiokwu na akwụkwọ ruo 1919 dị ka &quot;Oriakụ Leune,&quot; &quot;Oriakụ Jean Leune,&quot; ma ọ bụ &quot;Oriakụ Hélène Leune&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Di na nwunye ahụ rutere Gris n'etiti Ọktoba 1912 iji kọọ akụkọ agha na-abịa. Mgbe ha biri nwa oge na Athens, ha hapụrụ obodo ahụ na 27 Ọktoba ka Larissa soro Ndị Agha Gris. Mgbe Ndị Agha Gris weghaara Thessaloniki, Hélène na di ya gara Preveza iso Ndị Agha Epirus.[2] Ndị Leunes rutere Preveza na 24 Nọvemba 1912.[3] Ha sooro ndị agha Gris gaa agha n'ọgbọ agha dị iche iche, ọtụtụ akụkọ na foto ha na-egosikwa ike, ihe egwu na ihe isi ike nke agha ahụ site n'echiche nke ndị agha na ndị nkịtị.

Ha abụọ, Ndị Leunes, nyere aka n'ide isiakwụkwọ n'akwụkwọ ''Dans les Balkans, 1912–1913 : récits et visions de guerre'', nke na-akọwa ahụmahụ ha n'oge agha.

Leune bụ enyi na onye obodo Eleftherios Venizelos.
[[Faịlụ:Helene_Leune_Georges_Bourdon.jpg|thumb|400x400px|Oriakụ Jean Leune na Maazị Georges Bourdon nke Le Figaro, chọtara ozu nke ndị isi asaa nke Serres, na gburugburu Livounovo. Foto sitere na L'Illustration, August 2, 1913.]]

== Nọọsụ Red Cross na onye edemede (Agha Ụwa Mbụ) ==
Leune jere ozi dịka nọọsụ afọ ofufo na Red Cross na France n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ. Ọ rutere Cambrai na agha ndị France na 6 Ọgọst 1914, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na rue Léon-Gambetta.[1] Ná mmalite agha ahụ, ndị German kpụụrụ ya mkpọrọ ma jide ya na Cambrai ruo ọnwa ise, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e bugara ya site na Lille na Aix-la-Chapelle gaa Switzerland, ebe o si laghachi France.[2] O dere akwụkwọ gbasara ahụmịhe ya, ''Tels qu'ils sont''. ''Notes d'une infirmière de la Croix-Rouge'', nke e bipụtara na 1915.

Leune sooro di ya gaa Gris nke ugboro abụọ mgbe e zigara ya isonyere ndị otu Corps expéditionnaire d'Orient dị ka onyeisi-ụgbọelu n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ. Ọ jere ozi dị ka nọọsụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị dị na Tesaloniki na Moudros (n'ikpeazụ, ọ lekọtara ndị agha France na-arịa ọrịa typhus). N'ịghọta nnukwu nraranye ya n'ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị ahụ, ọ natara ma Croix de Guerre na Médaille des Épidémies (argent).[1][2] Ọ nọ n'ọrụ ozi French na Serbia wee gaa Tesaloniki.[3]

Jean na Hélène nwere nwa nwanyị, Irène, amụrụ na Thessaloniki na 1917. N'afọ 1942, Irène Leune lụrụ Baron [[:fr:Alfred Testot-Ferry|Alfred Testot-Ferry]] (1914-1947), onye na-anya ụgbọelu na onye otu ndị agha French Resistance. Irène ghọrọ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na-agba ọsọ ụgbọ ala na-eji aha njirimara &quot;Irène Terray,&quot; ma merie ọtụtụ asọmpi Rally n'oge 1950s (dịka Coupe des Dames à Liège-Rome-Liège, Monte-Carlo Rally).

Hélène na Jean Leune yiri ka ha gbara alụkwaghịm na mbido afọ 1920, ebe ọ bụ na Leune lụrụ nwunye ya nke abụọ, Germaine Berthe Emilie Fougères, na 3 Nọvemba 1923 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://archives.aisne.fr/ark:/63271/vta539a0b2e35a5a/daogrp/0/490|title=Archives départementales de l'Aisne, État civil, Saint-Quentin, Naissance, 5Mi1294 – (1889 1889)|accessdate=2015-02-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208162843/http://archives.aisne.fr/ark:/63271/vta539a0b2e35a5a/daogrp/0/490|archivedate=2015-02-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; .

== Ọkà okwu na onye edemede (oge agha) ==
Mgbe ọ laghachiri France, Leune rụrụ ọrụ afọ abụọ dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke onye edemede France bụ Paul Bourget,[1] o yiri ka ọ dị n'agbata afọ 1919 na 1926.

N'agbata afọ 1914 na 1933, Leune kwuru okwu n'ọtụtụ nzukọ yana mgbasa ozi redio iji kesaa ahụmahụ agha na njem ya, kwado ihe kpatara Gris, kwalite France ma kwuo maka nka. Dị ka akụkọ nke ihe omume ndị ahụ si kwuo, ọ bụ ọkà okwu nwere onyinye ma na-adọrọ mmasị.

Malite na 1920, Leune bipụtara ma kwuo okwu n'okpuru aha nzuzo nke Lène Candilly, n'okpuru nke o dere maka akwụkwọ akụkọ L'Illustration, Le Figaro, na Le Gaulois. Site na 1920 gaa n'ihu, a na-akpọ ya &quot;Lène Candilly&quot;, &quot;Mme H. Lène-Candilly, &quot;H. de Candilly,&quot; &quot;Lenne-Candelli,&quot; na &quot;Lënne Candilly&quot;.

N'afọ 1920 (ruo ma ọ dịkarịa ala 1928), ọ kwalitere France dị ka onye na-ekwu okwu Alliance Française na isi ma na France ma na mba ofesi (gụnyere Belgrade, Bucharest, [[Atens]], England, na Egypt). Alliance Française zigara ya na njem na Gris, Turkey, Serbia na [[Romania]]. Na Febụwarị 1924, o si Constanța, Romania gaa Constantinople, Thessaloniki, na Pireu.

Na Mee 1927, e zigara Leune na Gris dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ maka Le Figaro, na Le Gaulois ịga emume Delphi, nke a haziri n'okpuru nkwado nke onye Gris na-ede uri Angelos Sikelianos na nwunye ya Eva Palmer-Sikelianos. Na Delphi, ọ gara ihe ngosi nke ọdachi Prometheus Bound na ihe ngosi nke ịgba egwú oge ochie.

== Nọọsụ Red Cross (Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ) ==
Leune jere ozi ọzọ dị ka nọọsụ na Red Cross na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. N'ịzaghachi mwakpo ndị Germany wakporo Poland, France kwupụtara agha megide Germany na 3 Septemba 1939 wee wakpoo mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ ya, Saarland, na Saar Offensive. Na Septemba 1939, e kenyere ya ọrụ n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè ụlọ ọgwụ, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ ruo na 15 Mee 1940, mgbe a kpọfere ya n'ọrụ ọhụrụ na ndị ambulance na Vitry-le-François (Marne), France. Na 10 Mee 1940, Germany malitere mwakpo ya na Low Countries na France n'ihe a maara dị ka Agha nke France. Leune nwụrụ na Vitry-le-François n'oge bọmbụ nke mere na 18 Mee 1940.

== Akwụkwọ ==

=== Akwụkwọ ===

* [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6552776z ''Dans les Balkans, 1912–1913: récits et visions de guerre / récits de Mme Hélène Leune et de MM. Gustave Cirilli, René Puaux; Gustave Babin, Georges Rémond, Capitaine de frégate Nel, Jean Leune, Alain de Penennrun (''Paris: M. Imhaus et R. Chapelot, 1913'')'']
* [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6552776z ''Tels qu'ils sont. Notes d'une infirmière de la Croix-Rouge'' (Paris: Larousse, 1915)]

=== Edemede ahọpụtara ===

* [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39240/39240-h/39240-h.htm &quot;&quot;La &quot;Filleule&quot; de l'Armée Grecque: Notes de Victoire de Mme. Jean Leune.&quot; ''L'Illustration'' (Paris), Nke 3675, 2 Août 1913.]
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39240/39240-h/39240-h.htm &quot;En Macédoine libérée (Carnet de ụzọ).&quot; ''La Nouvelle revue'' (Paris), 1 Janvier 1914, Nke 41, p. 69–89.]
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39240/39240-h/39240-h.htm &quot;L'Asie Mineure et l'Hellénisme.&quot; ''Bulletin de la Société de géographie et d'études coloniales de Marseille'' (Marseille), 1920, tome 42, p 66.]
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39240/39240-h/39240-h.htm &quot;Ihe ncheta de Voyage na Anatolie.&quot; ''Ndozigharị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke littéraire'': Revue bleue (Paris), 1922, Nke 1, p. 245-248.]
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/39240/39240-h/39240-h.htm &quot;Mmetụta de voyage en Turquie et en Grèce.&quot; ''Bulletin de la Société de géographie de Lille'' (France), 1925 avril-may-juin, Nke 2, p 77–79.]

== Nkwekọrịta ikwu okwu ==

* 18 Machị 1914 gaa na Société de géographie na Paris.
* 6 Disemba 1919 gaa na Société de géographie commerciale de Paris 
* 29 Disemba 1919 gaa na Société de géographie de Marseilles.
* 28 Eprel 1920 na Ligue de l'enseignement na Paris.
* 11 na 13 Disemba 1924, mgbasa ozi redio na Paris na ụlọ ọrụ &quot;radiotélégraphique de la Ecole supérieure des P.T.T. 
* 26 Disemba 1924 gaa na Société de géographie na Paris.
* 15 Jenụwarị 1925 gaa na Société de géographie de Lille.
* 1 Febụwarị 1925, gaa na Union des femmes de France (Red Cross) na Paris.
* 2 Febụwarị 1925 na salle de l'Olympia na Cannes.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://archivesjournaux.ville-cannes.fr/dossiers/littoral/1925/Jx5_Littoral_1925_02_08_Page_01.pdf|title=''le Littoral'' (Cannes), 8 février 1925, p. 1.|accessdate=2015-02-11|archivedate=2015-02-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212020755/http://archivesjournaux.ville-cannes.fr/dossiers/littoral/1925/Jx5_Littoral_1925_02_08_Page_01.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 24 na 30 Eprel 1925 gaa na Société de géographie commerciale de Paris.
* 7 na 14 Disemba 1925, gaa na Institut catholique de Paris.
* 4 Jenụwarị 1926 gaa na Société de Géographie de Rochefort.
* 18 Febụwarị 1926 gaa na Société de géographie de Lille.
* Eprel-June 1926 na Union de conférenciers français na Paris 
* 11 Disemba 1926 gaa na Alliance Française na Le Mans.
* 21 Disemba 1927 gaa na Société de Géographie de Rochefort.
* 26 Febụwarị 1928, gaa na Société de géographie de Toulouse.
* 27 Eprel 1928 gaa na Société de géographie na Paris.
* 16 Nọvemba 1928 gaa Mahadum nke Neuchâtel.
* 29 Nọvemba 1928 gaa na Alliance Française na Le Mans 
* 8 na 15 Disemba 1928, gaa na Institut catholique de Paris.
* 10 Febụwarị 1933 gaa na Académie de Versailles.

== Ihe odide ==
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'''Victor Okoh Boniface''' (amụrụ na Disemba 23, n'afọ 2000) bụ ọkachamara bọọlụ Naịjirịa nke na-agba bọọlụ dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ na otu egwuregwu Bundesliga Werder Bremen, onye Bayer Leverkusen gbaziri ego, na otu egwuregwu mba Naịjirịa.

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Ezigbo Sapphire ===
Na Jenụwarị 2018, Boniface gbaziri ego na KTFF Süper Lig club Lefke TSK ebe o tinyere goolu atọ n'ime ngosipụta atọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ktff.org/InfoBank/PlayerDetails/17746|title=VICTOR OKAH BONIFACE|publisher=KTFF|language=eng|date=20 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ gara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya ebe a obere oge, ọ laghachiri na Real Sapphire na Julaị n'afọ 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com.tr/turk-takimlarinin-burnunun-dibinden-avrupa-zirvesine-uzanan-bir-hayat-hikayesi/view/news/436543|title=Türk takımlarının burnunun dibinden Avrupa zirvesine uzanan bir hayat hikayesi|publisher=Transfermarkt|language=tr|date=24 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bodø/Glimt ===
[[Faịlụ:Boniface_(cropped).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Boniface na-eme emume na Bodø/Glimt na 2021]]
Boniface bịanyere aka na otu egwuregwu Bodø/Glimt nke mba Norway na ụbọchị anọ nke ọnwa Maachị afọ 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://bodonu.no/victor-boniface-har-signert-for-glimt/04.03-02:02|title=Victor Boniface signes for Glimt|date=4 March 2019|publisher=Bodø Nu|accessdate=5 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; O merụrụ ahụ n'akwara naanị izu abụọ ka ọ bịanyere aka na Glimt, nke a na-ekwu na ọ ga-eme ka ọ ghara ịnọ n'akụkụ ruo oge egwuregwu n'afọ 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Nygaard|first=Jacob Sundblom|date=23 March 2019|title=Victor Boniface suffers injury|url=https://www.eurosport.no/fotball/eliteserien/2019/glimt-spiss-rok-korsbandet-brutalt_sto7198993/story.shtml|accessdate=8 April 2019|publisher=Eurosport.no}}&lt;/ref&gt; A họpụtara Boniface n'ime ndị otu egwuregwu Naịjirịa nke ndị na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ (U-20) ga-agba asọmpi iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2019, mana ọ kwụsịrị iso n'òtù ahụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 January 2019|title=Paul Aigbogun Makes Late Change To Flying Eagles Squad For U20 AFCON – Victor Boniface Out, Pascal Durugbor In|url=https://owngoalnigeria.com/2019/01/25/paul-aigbogun-makes-late-change-to-flying-eagles-squad-for-u20-afcon-victor-boniface-out-pascal-durugbor-in/|accessdate=16 June 2019|publisher=Own Goal Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2019 ka o mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ.

=== Njikọ SG ===
Na 8 Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2022, Boniface bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ na otu Belgium Union Saint-Gilloise . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=Union SG|url=https://rusg.brussels/en/articles-en/welcome-victor-boniface|title=Welcome Victor Boniface|date=8 August 2022|accessdate=18 August 2022|archivedate=17 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317101131/https://rusg.brussels/en/articles-en/welcome-victor-boniface}}&lt;/ref&gt; Union erutela ọkara nke asọmpi Europa League nke afọ 2022–23. Boniface nyere goolu isii n'asọmpi ahụ, gụnyere goolu abụọ megide Union Berlin n'agba nke iri na isii, wee mechaa dịka onye kacha enye goolu n'asọmpi ahụ yana Marcus Rashford.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/victor-boniface-who-is-bayer-leverkusen-s-new-nigerian-striker-24103|title=Victor Boniface: Who is Bayer Leverkusen's new Nigerian striker?|publisher=Bundesliga|date=26 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bayer Leverkusen ===
Na 22 Julaị n'afọ 2023, Boniface bịanyere aka na klọb Bundesliga Bayer Leverkusen na nkwekọrịta ruo afọ 2028, e nyekwara ya uwe 22 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bayer04.de/en-us/news/bayer04/bayer-04-sign-victor-boniface|title=Bayer 04 sign Victor Boniface|publisher=Bayer 04 Leverkusen|date=22 July 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere nke mbụ ya na Bundesliga dị ka onye mbido na 19 Ọgọstụ, na mmeri 3-2 n'ụlọ RB Leipzig.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.zdf.de/sport/bundesliga/bayer-leverkusen-rb-leipzig-highlights-zusammenfassung-saison-2023-24-100.html|title=Leverkusen trumpft auf und schlägt Leipzig|publisher=ZDF|language=de|date=21 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'izu na-esote, n'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Bundesliga site n'ịgba goolu na Borussia Park na mmeri 3-0 na Borussia Mönchengladbach.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/de/bundesliga/news/borussia-monchengladbach-bayer-04-leverkusen-2-spieltag-spielbericht-24541|title=3:0! Bayer Leverkusen mit Gala bei Borussia Mönchengladbach|publisher=Bundesliga|language=de|date=26 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mbido Eprel afọ 2024, Boniface gbakere site na mmerụ ahụ ductor nke e merụrụ na Jenụwarị afọ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabcsport.com/soccer/news/nigeria-s-victor-boniface-makes-triumphant-return-for-leverkusen-after-injury-lay-off|title=Nigeria's Victor Boniface makes triumphant return for Leverkusen after injury lay-off|publisher=SABC Sport|date=4 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 11 Eprel, o nyere goolu mbụ ya mgbe ọ lọtara na mmeri 2-0 megide West Ham United na ụkwụ mbụ nke asọmpi Europa League nke ọkara ikpeazụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Moyes gives West Ham 'half a chance' in Leverkusen tie|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68785244|accessdate=12 April 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụbọchị anọ ka nke ahụ gasịrị, o nyere goolu mbụ site na ntụpọ ma nye aka na mmeri 5-0 megide Werder Bremen, nyere klọb ya aka inweta aha Bundesliga maka oge mbụ ya na egwuregwu ise fọdụrụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title='Incredible feeling' – Alonso toasts Leverkusen title|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68812732|accessdate=15 April 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mechara mechaa oge mbụ ya na klọb ahụ dịka onye kacha enye goolu na otu egwuregwu ahụ site na goolu 14, merie Bundesliga na Bayer Leverkusen.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.completesports.com/boniface-bags-14th-league-goal-as-leverkusen-beat-augsburg-to-end-bundesliga-season-unbeaten/|title=Boniface Bags 14th League Goal As Leverkusen Beat Augsburg To End Bundesliga Season Unbeaten|date=18 May 2024|work=[[Complete Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2024, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na UEFA Champions League, merie AC Milan site na 1-0.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayer-leverkusen-ac-milan-live-champions-league-blog-preview-report-leao-morata-29089|title=Victor Boniface strike pushes Bayer Leverkusen past AC Milan in UEFA Champions League|publisher=Bundesliga|date=2 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2025, atụmatụ ịgbazinye ego ya na klọb nke ikpeazụ dara mgbe ọ dara nyocha ahụike n'ihi nsogbu ikpere ugboro ugboro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Shah|first=Parshva|url=https://www.goal.com/en-om/lists/victor-boniface-wanted-to-retire-over-knee-injuries-nigeria-star-opens-up-failed-medical-ac-milan/blt46d17890b4911a87#csef49bfbbc659c571|title='I didn't want to play anymore' - Victor Boniface wanted to retire over knee injuries as Nigeria star opens up on failed medical to AC Milan|publisher=Goal.com|date=26 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ịgbazinye Werder Bremen ====
Boniface sonyeere otu egwuregwu Bundesliga ibe ya bụ Werder Bremen na mbinye ego otu oge na Septemba 1, ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke oge mbufe oge okpomọkụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Aus Mailand wird Bremen: Boniface wechselt innerhalb der Bundesliga|url=https://www.kicker.de/aus-mailand-wird-bremen-boniface-wechselt-innerhalb-der-bundesliga-1142968/artikel|accessdate=1 September 2025|work=Kicker|date=1 September 2025|language=German}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Mojetoluwa|first=Wunmi-Shobowale|date=2026-01-25|title=Victor Boniface teases training return after knee surgery|url=https://punchng.com/victor-boniface-teases-training-return-after-knee-surgery/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Werder Bremen’s Victor Boniface sidelined for several months with knee injury|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/victor-boniface-sidelined-for-several-months-with-knee-injury-nigeria-werder-bremen-35481|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=www.bundesliga.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Boniface mere nke mbụ ya maka [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu Naịjirịa]] na 10 Septemba n'afọ 2023, na-abịa na nkeji nke 64 maka [[Taiwo Awoniyi]]. O nyere aka na egwuregwu ahụ na [[Samuel Chukwueze]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sports|first=Pulse|date=28 October 2024|title='I only met him once' — Victor Boniface reflects on his relationship with his father|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/i-only-met-him-once-victor-boniface-reflects-on-his-relationship-with-his-father-2024102806004026815|accessdate=12 January 2025|work=Pulse Sports Nigeria|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Disemba 29, n'afọ 2023, a kpọrọ ya aha n'òtù ndị otu Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2023 na Ivory Coast.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenff.com/peseiro-names-25-players-as-super-eagles-seek-fourth-afcon-title-in-cote-divoire/|title=Peseiro names 25 players as Super Eagles seek fourth AFCON title in Cote d'Ivoire|publisher=[[Nigeria Football Federation]]|first=Ayodele|author=Olu Ibidapo|date=29 December 2023|accessdate=30 December 2023|archivedate=30 December 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230173003/https://www.thenff.com/peseiro-names-25-players-as-super-eagles-seek-fourth-afcon-title-in-cote-divoire/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, na 8 Jenụwarị n'afọ 2024, Boniface nwere mmerụ ahụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga asọmpi Afrịka,  ma [[Terem Moffi]] nọchiri ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/nigerias-injured-boniface-set-miss-african-cup-nations-2024-01-08/|title=Nigeria's injured Boniface set to miss African Cup of Nations|publisher=Reuters|date=8 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/sport/football/coupe-d-afrique-des-nations/can-2024-terem-moffi-finalement-appele-avec-le-nigeria-pour-remplacer-victor-boniface-cc5f17b2-aecf-11ee-aa61-307337b06e99|title=CAN 2024. Terem Moffi finalement appelé avec le Nigeria pour remplacer Victor Boniface|publisher=Ouest-France|language=fr|date=9 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụdị egwuregwu ==
A maara Boniface maka ụdị egwuregwu ya pụrụ iche. Njirimara egwuregwu ya gụnyere ike na dribbling, na-agwụcha, na-anwa isi, ebe adịghị ike ya dị na mmata n'èzí, na-ejide bọọlụ, na enyemaka nchebe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tactics Corner: Leverkusen's Florian Wirtz and Victor Boniface setting the Bundesliga alight|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayer-leverkusen-florian-wirtz-victor-boniface-tactics-bundesliga-25858|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-akọwa ya dị ka onye ọkpụkpọ na-enwe mmasị dribble, na-enwe ike ịchụpụ mmadụ n'ọrụ, ma na-enwe obi ụtọ igwu bọọlụ ogologo. Àgwà ndị a na-enye aka n'ịdị irè ya dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu n'ọgbọ egwuregwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Victor Boniface: Nigeria's Next Top Striker?|url=https://breakingthelines.com/player-analysis/victor-boniface-nigerias-next-top-striker/|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=Breaking The Lines|date=16 August 2023|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọmụmụ ihe ya gụnyere ịmụ ịgba bọọlụ n'ụlọ ndị agha na Naịjirịa.

N'ozuzu, ụdị egwuregwu Victor Boniface bụ nke a na-ahụ maka ikike teknụzụ ya, ike ịgba goolu, na mmasị ịgba chaa chaa pụrụ iche. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Stafford-Bloor|first=Sebastian|title=50 to watch - Victor Boniface: A rare talent who has already overcome a career's worth of misfortune|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4755731/2023/08/09/victor-boniface-50-to-watch/|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=The Athletic|date=9 August 2023|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Omachonu|first=Kelvin|date=3 May 2023|title=&quot;I learned to play football in the military barracks&quot;- Hot Nigerian striker Victor Boniface|url=https://soccernet.ng/2023/05/i-learned-to-play-football-in-the-military-barracks-hot-nigerian-striker-victor-boniface.html|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=Soccernet.ng|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Tripathi|first=Saumy Deepak|date=14 October 2023|title=Victor Boniface: Bundesliga Newest Star Is A Future Star|url=https://www.foottheball.com/players-in-focus/victor-boniface-scout-report-analysis-position-bayer-leverkusen-transfer-target-wolfsburg/|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=FootTheBall|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Boniface bụ Onye Kraịst.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 December 2023|title=Victor Boniface: Bayer Leverkusen star visits his childhood friend in church on Christmas eve|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/victor-boniface-bayer-leverkusen-star-visits-his-childhood-friend-in-church-on-christmas-eve-2023122514562059984|accessdate=29 December 2023|work=Pulse Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Boniface na-enwe obi ụtọ ime emume ihe mgbaru ọsọ na-atọ ọchị iji mee ndị mmadụ obi ụtọ mgbe ọ na-emeri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Reporter|first=Our|date=5 May 2024|title=VICTOR BONIFACE: I like making people laugh|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/victor-boniface-i-like-making-people-laugh/|accessdate=12 January 2025|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 September 2024|title='It's a TikTok trend' - Victor Boniface explains his bizarre goal celebration during Bayer Leverkusen win {{!}} Goal.com Nigeria|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/lists/victor-boniface-explains-bizarre-goal-celebration-during-bayer-leverkusen-win/bltfb5733dcd933a07b#cs0beb6888e0713394|accessdate=12 January 2025|work=www.goal.com|language=en-NG}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe oyiyi bọọlụ ya bụ [[Neymar]].  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Rapheal|date=2023-04-15|title=GOAT debate: Boniface snubs Messi, Ronaldo, picks Neymar|url=https://thesun.ng/goat-debate-boniface-snubs-messi-ronaldo-picks-neymar/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Silas|first=Don|date=2024-09-28|title=GOAT: Boniface snubs Messi, Ronaldo, names best player on planet|url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/09/28/goat-boniface-snubs-messi-ronaldo-names-best-player-on-planet/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
{{updated|match played 7 December 2025}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Soccerway|victor-okoh-boniface/598917}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba[a]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Europe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Bodø/Glimt
|2019
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|8
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|1
|-
|2020
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|24
|6
|0
|0
|3[b]
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|27
|8
|-
|2021
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|0
|-
|2022
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|15
|6
|5
|3
|10[c]
|5
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|14
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!48
!13
!5
!3
!13
!7
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!66
!23
|-
|Njikọ SG
|2022–23
|Belgian Pro League
|37
|9
|4
|2
|10[b]
|6
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|51
|17
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Bayer Leverkusen
|2023–24
|Bundesliga
|23
|14
|3
|2
|8[b]
|5
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|34
|21
|-
|2024–25
|Bundesliga
|19
|8
|3
|1
|4[d]
|1
|1[e]
|1
|27
|11
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!42
!22
!6
!3
!12
!6
!1
!1
!61
!32
|-
|Werder Bremen (nke e gbazinyere) 
|2025–26
|Bundesliga
|11
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!138
!44
!15
!8
!35
!19
!1
!1
!189
!72
|}
 {{updated|match played 6 June 2025}}&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|92174|access-date=1 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ
!Ndị otu mba
!Afọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]
|2023
|5
|0
|-
|2024
|6
|0
|-
|2025
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!13
!0
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Bodø/Glimt'''

* Ndị Eliteserien: 2020, 2021

'''Bayer Leverkusen'''

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na UEFA Europa League: 2022-23&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=31 May 2023|title=2022/23 Europa League top scorers: Boniface, Rashford at the summit|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0279-16108059cf3b-a3d932b16cb8-1000--2022-23-europa-league-top-scorers-boniface-rashford-at-the-s/|accessdate=31 May 2023|work=[[UEFA]]|publisher=Union of European Football Associations}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* UEFA Europa League Team nke Oge: 2022-23 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0282-182d1295f910-056c87a02b5e-1000--europa-league-all-star-xi/|title=2022/23 UEFA Europa League Team of the Season|work=[[UEFA]]|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|date=4 June 2023|accessdate=4 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ndị otu Bundesliga nke Oge: 2023-24 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Bundesliga Team of the Season 2023/24 by EA FC 24!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/vote-now-for-the-bundesliga-team-of-the-season-2023-24-with-ea-fc-24-26961|date=3 May 2024|accessdate=3 May 2024|work=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Onye mbido nke oge: 2023-24 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=15 May 2024|title=Bayer Leverkusen's Victor Boniface named Rookie of the Season!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/vote-2023-24-rookie-of-the-season-sorare-boniface-xavi-maatsen-beier-27355|accessdate=15 May 2024|work=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibịa ==

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{{Databox}} 
'''Victor Okoh Boniface''' (amụrụ na Disemba 23, n'afọ 2000) bụ ọkachamara bọọlụ Naịjirịa nke na-agba bọọlụ dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ na otu egwuregwu Bundesliga Werder Bremen, onye Bayer Leverkusen gbaziri ego, na otu egwuregwu mba Naịjirịa.

== Ọrụ klọb ==

=== Ezigbo Sapphire ===
Na Jenụwarị 2018, Boniface gbaziri ego na KTFF Süper Lig club Lefke TSK ebe o tinyere goolu atọ n'ime ngosipụta atọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.ktff.org/InfoBank/PlayerDetails/17746|title=VICTOR OKAH BONIFACE|publisher=KTFF|language=eng|date=20 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbe ọ gara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya ebe a obere oge, ọ laghachiri na Real Sapphire na Julaị n'afọ 2018. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com.tr/turk-takimlarinin-burnunun-dibinden-avrupa-zirvesine-uzanan-bir-hayat-hikayesi/view/news/436543|title=Türk takımlarının burnunun dibinden Avrupa zirvesine uzanan bir hayat hikayesi|publisher=Transfermarkt|language=tr|date=24 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bodø/Glimt ===
[[Faịlụ:Boniface_(cropped).jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Boniface na-eme emume na Bodø/Glimt na 2021]]
Boniface bịanyere aka na otu egwuregwu Bodø/Glimt nke mba Norway na ụbọchị anọ nke ọnwa Maachị afọ 2019. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://bodonu.no/victor-boniface-har-signert-for-glimt/04.03-02:02|title=Victor Boniface signes for Glimt|date=4 March 2019|publisher=Bodø Nu|accessdate=5 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; O merụrụ ahụ n'akwara naanị izu abụọ ka ọ bịanyere aka na Glimt, nke a na-ekwu na ọ ga-eme ka ọ ghara ịnọ n'akụkụ ruo oge egwuregwu n'afọ 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Nygaard|first=Jacob Sundblom|date=23 March 2019|title=Victor Boniface suffers injury|url=https://www.eurosport.no/fotball/eliteserien/2019/glimt-spiss-rok-korsbandet-brutalt_sto7198993/story.shtml|accessdate=8 April 2019|publisher=Eurosport.no}}&lt;/ref&gt; A họpụtara Boniface n'ime ndị otu egwuregwu Naịjirịa nke ndị na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ (U-20) ga-agba asọmpi iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2019, mana ọ kwụsịrị iso n'òtù ahụ n'ihi mmerụ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 January 2019|title=Paul Aigbogun Makes Late Change To Flying Eagles Squad For U20 AFCON – Victor Boniface Out, Pascal Durugbor In|url=https://owngoalnigeria.com/2019/01/25/paul-aigbogun-makes-late-change-to-flying-eagles-squad-for-u20-afcon-victor-boniface-out-pascal-durugbor-in/|accessdate=16 June 2019|publisher=Own Goal Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2019 ka o mere egwuregwu mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ.

=== Njikọ SG ===
Na 8 Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2022, Boniface bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ anọ na otu Belgium Union Saint-Gilloise . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|publisher=Union SG|url=https://rusg.brussels/en/articles-en/welcome-victor-boniface|title=Welcome Victor Boniface|date=8 August 2022|accessdate=18 August 2022|archivedate=17 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317101131/https://rusg.brussels/en/articles-en/welcome-victor-boniface}}&lt;/ref&gt; Union erutela ọkara nke asọmpi Europa League nke afọ 2022–23. Boniface nyere goolu isii n'asọmpi ahụ, gụnyere goolu abụọ megide Union Berlin n'agba nke iri na isii, wee mechaa dịka onye kacha enye goolu n'asọmpi ahụ yana Marcus Rashford.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/victor-boniface-who-is-bayer-leverkusen-s-new-nigerian-striker-24103|title=Victor Boniface: Who is Bayer Leverkusen's new Nigerian striker?|publisher=Bundesliga|date=26 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Bayer Leverkusen ===
Na 22 Julaị n'afọ 2023, Boniface bịanyere aka na klọb Bundesliga Bayer Leverkusen na nkwekọrịta ruo afọ 2028, e nyekwara ya uwe 22 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bayer04.de/en-us/news/bayer04/bayer-04-sign-victor-boniface|title=Bayer 04 sign Victor Boniface|publisher=Bayer 04 Leverkusen|date=22 July 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mere nke mbụ ya na Bundesliga dị ka onye mbido na 19 Ọgọstụ, na mmeri 3-2 n'ụlọ RB Leipzig.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.zdf.de/sport/bundesliga/bayer-leverkusen-rb-leipzig-highlights-zusammenfassung-saison-2023-24-100.html|title=Leverkusen trumpft auf und schlägt Leipzig|publisher=ZDF|language=de|date=21 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'izu na-esote, n'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na Bundesliga site n'ịgba goolu na Borussia Park na mmeri 3-0 na Borussia Mönchengladbach.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/de/bundesliga/news/borussia-monchengladbach-bayer-04-leverkusen-2-spieltag-spielbericht-24541|title=3:0! Bayer Leverkusen mit Gala bei Borussia Mönchengladbach|publisher=Bundesliga|language=de|date=26 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na mbido Eprel afọ 2024, Boniface gbakere site na mmerụ ahụ ductor nke e merụrụ na Jenụwarị afọ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabcsport.com/soccer/news/nigeria-s-victor-boniface-makes-triumphant-return-for-leverkusen-after-injury-lay-off|title=Nigeria's Victor Boniface makes triumphant return for Leverkusen after injury lay-off|publisher=SABC Sport|date=4 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na 11 Eprel, o nyere goolu mbụ ya mgbe ọ lọtara na mmeri 2-0 megide West Ham United na ụkwụ mbụ nke asọmpi Europa League nke ọkara ikpeazụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Moyes gives West Ham 'half a chance' in Leverkusen tie|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68785244|accessdate=12 April 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụbọchị anọ ka nke ahụ gasịrị, o nyere goolu mbụ site na ntụpọ ma nye aka na mmeri 5-0 megide Werder Bremen, nyere klọb ya aka inweta aha Bundesliga maka oge mbụ ya na egwuregwu ise fọdụrụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title='Incredible feeling' – Alonso toasts Leverkusen title|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68812732|accessdate=15 April 2024|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; O mechara mechaa oge mbụ ya na klọb ahụ dịka onye kacha enye goolu na otu egwuregwu ahụ site na goolu 14, merie Bundesliga na Bayer Leverkusen.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.completesports.com/boniface-bags-14th-league-goal-as-leverkusen-beat-augsburg-to-end-bundesliga-season-unbeaten/|title=Boniface Bags 14th League Goal As Leverkusen Beat Augsburg To End Bundesliga Season Unbeaten|date=18 May 2024|work=[[Complete Sports]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'abalị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2024, ọ gbara goolu mbụ ya na UEFA Champions League, merie AC Milan site na 1-0.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayer-leverkusen-ac-milan-live-champions-league-blog-preview-report-leao-morata-29089|title=Victor Boniface strike pushes Bayer Leverkusen past AC Milan in UEFA Champions League|publisher=Bundesliga|date=2 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2025, atụmatụ ịgbazinye ego ya na klọb nke ikpeazụ dara mgbe ọ dara nyocha ahụike n'ihi nsogbu ikpere ugboro ugboro.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Shah|first=Parshva|url=https://www.goal.com/en-om/lists/victor-boniface-wanted-to-retire-over-knee-injuries-nigeria-star-opens-up-failed-medical-ac-milan/blt46d17890b4911a87#csef49bfbbc659c571|title='I didn't want to play anymore' - Victor Boniface wanted to retire over knee injuries as Nigeria star opens up on failed medical to AC Milan|publisher=Goal.com|date=26 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ịgbazinye Werder Bremen ====
Boniface sonyeere otu egwuregwu Bundesliga ibe ya bụ Werder Bremen na mbinye ego otu oge na Septemba 1, ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke oge mbufe oge okpomọkụ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Aus Mailand wird Bremen: Boniface wechselt innerhalb der Bundesliga|url=https://www.kicker.de/aus-mailand-wird-bremen-boniface-wechselt-innerhalb-der-bundesliga-1142968/artikel|accessdate=1 September 2025|work=Kicker|date=1 September 2025|language=German}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Mojetoluwa|first=Wunmi-Shobowale|date=2026-01-25|title=Victor Boniface teases training return after knee surgery|url=https://punchng.com/victor-boniface-teases-training-return-after-knee-surgery/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Werder Bremen’s Victor Boniface sidelined for several months with knee injury|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/victor-boniface-sidelined-for-several-months-with-knee-injury-nigeria-werder-bremen-35481|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=www.bundesliga.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ mba ụwa ==
Boniface mere nke mbụ ya maka [[Nigeria national football team|Ndị otu Naịjirịa]] na 10 Septemba n'afọ 2023, na-abịa na nkeji nke 64 maka [[Taiwo Awoniyi]]. O nyere aka na egwuregwu ahụ na [[Samuel Chukwueze]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Sports|first=Pulse|date=28 October 2024|title='I only met him once' — Victor Boniface reflects on his relationship with his father|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/i-only-met-him-once-victor-boniface-reflects-on-his-relationship-with-his-father-2024102806004026815|accessdate=12 January 2025|work=Pulse Sports Nigeria|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Disemba 29, n'afọ 2023, a kpọrọ ya aha n'òtù ndị otu Naịjirịa maka iko mba Afrịka nke afọ 2023 na Ivory Coast.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenff.com/peseiro-names-25-players-as-super-eagles-seek-fourth-afcon-title-in-cote-divoire/|title=Peseiro names 25 players as Super Eagles seek fourth AFCON title in Cote d'Ivoire|publisher=[[Nigeria Football Federation]]|first=Ayodele|author=Olu Ibidapo|date=29 December 2023|accessdate=30 December 2023|archivedate=30 December 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230173003/https://www.thenff.com/peseiro-names-25-players-as-super-eagles-seek-fourth-afcon-title-in-cote-divoire/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otú ọ dị, na 8 Jenụwarị n'afọ 2024, Boniface nwere mmerụ ahụ nke mere ka ọ ghara ịga asọmpi Afrịka,  ma [[Terem Moffi]] nọchiri ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/nigerias-injured-boniface-set-miss-african-cup-nations-2024-01-08/|title=Nigeria's injured Boniface set to miss African Cup of Nations|publisher=Reuters|date=8 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/sport/football/coupe-d-afrique-des-nations/can-2024-terem-moffi-finalement-appele-avec-le-nigeria-pour-remplacer-victor-boniface-cc5f17b2-aecf-11ee-aa61-307337b06e99|title=CAN 2024. Terem Moffi finalement appelé avec le Nigeria pour remplacer Victor Boniface|publisher=Ouest-France|language=fr|date=9 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ụdị egwuregwu ==
A maara Boniface maka ụdị egwuregwu ya pụrụ iche. Njirimara egwuregwu ya gụnyere ike na dribbling, na-agwụcha, na-anwa isi, ebe adịghị ike ya dị na mmata n'èzí, na-ejide bọọlụ, na enyemaka nchebe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tactics Corner: Leverkusen's Florian Wirtz and Victor Boniface setting the Bundesliga alight|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayer-leverkusen-florian-wirtz-victor-boniface-tactics-bundesliga-25858|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-akọwa ya dị ka onye ọkpụkpọ na-enwe mmasị dribble, na-enwe ike ịchụpụ mmadụ n'ọrụ, ma na-enwe obi ụtọ igwu bọọlụ ogologo. Àgwà ndị a na-enye aka n'ịdị irè ya dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu n'ọgbọ egwuregwu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Victor Boniface: Nigeria's Next Top Striker?|url=https://breakingthelines.com/player-analysis/victor-boniface-nigerias-next-top-striker/|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=Breaking The Lines|date=16 August 2023|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọmụmụ ihe ya gụnyere ịmụ ịgba bọọlụ n'ụlọ ndị agha na Naịjirịa.

N'ozuzu, ụdị egwuregwu Victor Boniface bụ nke a na-ahụ maka ikike teknụzụ ya, ike ịgba goolu, na mmasị ịgba chaa chaa pụrụ iche. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Stafford-Bloor|first=Sebastian|title=50 to watch - Victor Boniface: A rare talent who has already overcome a career's worth of misfortune|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4755731/2023/08/09/victor-boniface-50-to-watch/|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=The Athletic|date=9 August 2023|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Omachonu|first=Kelvin|date=3 May 2023|title=&quot;I learned to play football in the military barracks&quot;- Hot Nigerian striker Victor Boniface|url=https://soccernet.ng/2023/05/i-learned-to-play-football-in-the-military-barracks-hot-nigerian-striker-victor-boniface.html|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=Soccernet.ng|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Tripathi|first=Saumy Deepak|date=14 October 2023|title=Victor Boniface: Bundesliga Newest Star Is A Future Star|url=https://www.foottheball.com/players-in-focus/victor-boniface-scout-report-analysis-position-bayer-leverkusen-transfer-target-wolfsburg/|accessdate=11 March 2024|work=FootTheBall|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Boniface bụ Onye Kraịst.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 December 2023|title=Victor Boniface: Bayer Leverkusen star visits his childhood friend in church on Christmas eve|url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/football/story/victor-boniface-bayer-leverkusen-star-visits-his-childhood-friend-in-church-on-christmas-eve-2023122514562059984|accessdate=29 December 2023|work=Pulse Sports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Boniface na-enwe obi ụtọ ime emume ihe mgbaru ọsọ na-atọ ọchị iji mee ndị mmadụ obi ụtọ mgbe ọ na-emeri.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Reporter|first=Our|date=5 May 2024|title=VICTOR BONIFACE: I like making people laugh|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/victor-boniface-i-like-making-people-laugh/|accessdate=12 January 2025|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=15 September 2024|title='It's a TikTok trend' - Victor Boniface explains his bizarre goal celebration during Bayer Leverkusen win {{!}} Goal.com Nigeria|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/lists/victor-boniface-explains-bizarre-goal-celebration-during-bayer-leverkusen-win/bltfb5733dcd933a07b#cs0beb6888e0713394|accessdate=12 January 2025|work=www.goal.com|language=en-NG}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihe oyiyi bọọlụ ya bụ [[Neymar]].  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Rapheal|date=2023-04-15|title=GOAT debate: Boniface snubs Messi, Ronaldo, picks Neymar|url=https://thesun.ng/goat-debate-boniface-snubs-messi-ronaldo-picks-neymar/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Silas|first=Don|date=2024-09-28|title=GOAT: Boniface snubs Messi, Ronaldo, names best player on planet|url=https://dailypost.ng/2024/09/28/goat-boniface-snubs-messi-ronaldo-names-best-player-on-planet/|accessdate=2026-01-26|work=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Klọb ===
{{updated|match played 7 December 2025}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Soccerway|victor-okoh-boniface/598917}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Klọb
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Oge
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Njikọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Iko mba[a]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Europe
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ndị ọzọ
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
|-
!Nkewa
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Bodø/Glimt
|2019
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|8
|1
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|8
|1
|-
|2020
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|24
|6
|0
|0
|3[b]
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|27
|8
|-
|2021
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|1
|0
|-
|2022
|Ndị Elite na-anọghị n'ọkwa
|15
|6
|5
|3
|10[c]
|5
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|30
|14
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!48
!13
!5
!3
!13
!7
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |-
!66
!23
|-
|Njikọ SG
|2022–23
|Belgian Pro League
|37
|9
|4
|2
|10[b]
|6
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|51
|17
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Bayer Leverkusen
|2023–24
|Bundesliga
|23
|14
|3
|2
|8[b]
|5
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|34
|21
|-
|2024–25
|Bundesliga
|19
|8
|3
|1
|4[d]
|1
|1[e]
|1
|27
|11
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!42
!22
!6
!3
!12
!6
!1
!1
!61
!32
|-
|Werder Bremen (nke e gbazinyere) 
|2025–26
|Bundesliga
|11
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | -
|11
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Ọrụ ya niile
!138
!44
!15
!8
!35
!19
!1
!1
!189
!72
|}
 {{updated|match played 6 June 2025}}&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|92174|access-date=1 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na otu mba na afọ
!Ndị otu mba
!Afọ
!Ngwaọrụ
!Ihe mgbaru ọsọ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Nigeria national football team|Naịjirịa]]
|2023
|5
|0
|-
|2024
|6
|0
|-
|2025
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Ngụkọta
!13
!0
|}

== Nsọpụrụ ==
'''Bodø/Glimt'''

* Ndị Eliteserien: 2020, 2021

'''Bayer Leverkusen'''

'''Onye ọ bụla'''

* Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na UEFA Europa League: 2022-23&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=31 May 2023|title=2022/23 Europa League top scorers: Boniface, Rashford at the summit|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0279-16108059cf3b-a3d932b16cb8-1000--2022-23-europa-league-top-scorers-boniface-rashford-at-the-s/|accessdate=31 May 2023|work=[[UEFA]]|publisher=Union of European Football Associations}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* UEFA Europa League Team nke Oge: 2022-23 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/news/0282-182d1295f910-056c87a02b5e-1000--europa-league-all-star-xi/|title=2022/23 UEFA Europa League Team of the Season|work=[[UEFA]]|publisher=Union of European Football Associations|date=4 June 2023|accessdate=4 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ndị otu Bundesliga nke Oge: 2023-24 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Bundesliga Team of the Season 2023/24 by EA FC 24!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/vote-now-for-the-bundesliga-team-of-the-season-2023-24-with-ea-fc-24-26961|date=3 May 2024|accessdate=3 May 2024|work=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Onye mbido nke oge: 2023-24 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=15 May 2024|title=Bayer Leverkusen's Victor Boniface named Rookie of the Season!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/vote-2023-24-rookie-of-the-season-sorare-boniface-xavi-maatsen-beier-27355|accessdate=15 May 2024|work=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibịa ==

[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]</text>
      <sha1>lbg2ui5n8snzkb0woqjenim4ykjtna4</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Laure Leprieur</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-13T07:35:08Z</timestamp>
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        <id>24524</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1218966761|Laure Leprieur]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>632942</origin>
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&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Message box/ambox.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;Laure Leprieur (1919–1999) bụ onye na-eme ihe ngosi redio na France, ọ bụ ezie na ọ soghị na ihe ngosi redio. O nwetara aha mba niile n'aha '''Madame Leprieur d'Agon-Coutainville'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Madame «80 000 Questions»&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.lexpress.fr/mag/sports/dossier/jeuradio/dossier.asp|title=Madame &quot;80 000 Questions&quot;|work=[[L'Express (France)|L'Express]]|accessdate=2006-08-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311032635/http://www.lexpress.fr/mag/sports/dossier/jeuradio/dossier.asp|archivedate=2007-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt; ma bụrụkwa onye a na-akpọ Madame ''«80 000 Questions»''. O mepụtara ajụjụ n'oge ezumike ya maka ihe ngosi redio French a ma ama Les Grosses Têtes, nke RTL na-agbasa kwa izu.

Ụkpụrụ nke ihe ngosi a bụ na ndị na-ege ntị na-amaghị aha ha na-eziga ajụjụ gbasara ọdịbendị ma ọ bụ ajuju siri ike imata nye ndị ọbịa a ma ama nke ubochi ahu (ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ndị na-eme egwuregwu na ndị na'eme ihe ntụrụndụ), ma nweta obere ego ma ọ bụrụ na azaghị ajụjụ ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi. N'ezie, ajụjụ ndị ahụ bụ naanị ihe ngọpụ maka ndị ọbịa iji gosipụta ọgụgụ isi na ihu ọchị ha.

N'ezie, Madame Leprieur anọghị na-amaghị aha ya. Site na 1977 ruo 1998, Laure Leprieur, onye bi na Agon-Coutainville, Normandy, zigara ndị ọbịa Les Grosses Têtes ihe karịrị ajụjụ 80,000 wee merie ihe dị ka 150,000 French francs na ego. E dere ajụjụ ya n'ime akwụkwọ edemede iri ise nke nwa ya nwoke Michel debere. Iji zigara ajụjụ ya na RTL, Laure Leprieur na-eziga akwụkwọ ozi kwa ụbọchị, mgbe niile na otu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mpempe akwụkwọ - ise - kwekọrọ na ịdị arọ kachasị elu nke ọnụego akwụkwọ ozi o ji mee ihe.

== Ihe Nlereanya nke Ajụjụ Site na Madame Leprieur ==

* ''Ònye bụ Charley Michaelis?'' - A.: Nwa na Cadum ncha vintage print ad (Cadum bụ ụdị ncha French).
* ''Gịnị bụ nsogbu?'' - A.: Onye na-ekwu okwu n'ime ala.
* ''Gịnị bụ ailurophobia?'' - A.: Egwu nwamba.
* ''Ụdị anụmanụ ndị na-alụ n'ime ụlọ, mana n'elu ala? '' - A.: Ikpuru ala.

== Akwụkwọ ==

* ''2000 Ajụjụ maka nnukwu ndị isi'' - Laure Leprieur - Cosmopole Ed. , 2005 -   

== Ntụaka ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;</text>
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    <redirect title="Catherine Lépront" />
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      <id>632946</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-13T07:48:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Confidence24</username>
        <id>24524</id>
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      <comment>Confidence24 moved page [[Katin nwere ekpenta]] to [[Catherine Lépront]]</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Nardos Bekele-Thomas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>632949</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-13T08:19:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ngozi scholar Okafor</username>
        <id>19819</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349781853|Nardos Bekele-Thomas]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = 
| native_name         = 
| native_name_lang    = 
| image               = EU2024BE 240320 European Union - African High - Level evenement on Health Egmont Palace JNZT 0177 (53599761676).jpg
| caption             = Bekele-Thomas in 2024
| office              = Director-General of the [[New Partnership for Africa's Development|African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for Africa's Development]]
| term_start          = 1 May 2022
| term_end            = 
| predecessor         = [[Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki]]
| successor           = 
| birth_date          = {{birth based on age as of date |57 |2016}}
| birth_place         = [[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopian Empire
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| occupation          = 
| children            = 5
| alma_mater          = [[Addis Ababa University]]&lt;br&gt;[[New York University]]
}}
'''Nardos Bekele-Thomas''' (amụrụ ya na 1958 ma ọ bụ 1959) bụ onye Ọstrelia na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba na prọfesọ, onye na-arụ ọrụ dịka nwanyị mbụ bụ Onye Isi Nchịkwa Ukwu nke African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for Africa's Development (AUDA-NEPAD) kemgbe afọ 2022. Ọ rụburu ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa dị ka United Nations Development Programme na United Nations Secretariat, ọ bụkwa onye otu Supervisory Board nke Global Center on Adaptation.

== Oge ọ malitere ==
A mụrụ Bekele-Thomas na 1958 ma ọ bụ 1959 na [[Addis Ababa]], Alaeze Ukwu Etiopia . &lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ nwa nke ise n'ime ụmụnne iri na anọ; nna ya bụ onye ọrụ gọọmentị na onye ọrụ ugbo nke ya na nwunye ya na-azụ ahịa.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot; /&gt; N'ihi Mgbanwe ọchịchị nke Etiopia na 1974, ụmụnne ya abụọ nwụrụ na nna ya tụfuru ala ya mgbe mba.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot; /&gt; N’ihi nke a, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, Bekele-Thomas hapụrụ obodo ahụ gaa na Moyale, n’akụkụ ókèala Kenya, iji sonye na mgbasa ozi mmụta ịgụ na ide..&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot; /&gt; Ozugbo nke a gasịrị, ọ laghachiri Etiopia.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot; /&gt;

Ọ nwetara akara mmụta na mmepe akụ na ụba na atụmatụ mmepe, ọnụ ọgụgụ ọmụmụ etinyere n’ọrụ, na akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n’afọ 1982 site na… Mahadum Addis Ababa, na nzere masta na mmepe ego, akụ na ụba ego na econometrics site na Machị New York na 1985, ebe o nwetakwara PhD.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWakhisi2016&quot;&gt;Wakhisi, Sylvia (2016). [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas &quot;High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;gca&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas appointed to Supervisory Board of GCA|url=https://gca.org/news/ms-nardos-bekele-thomas-appointed-to-supervisory-board-of-gca/|work=[[Global Center on Adaptation]]|accessdate=18 April 2026|date=26 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
Bekele-Thomas malitere ịrụ ọrụ na Addis Ababa University dịka onye enyemaka nyocha na onye nkuzi na mgbakọ na mwepụ bụ isi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ọmụmụ, nakwa na…United Nations Development Programme ma na Ethiopia ma na [[New York City|New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWakhisi2016&quot;&gt;Wakhisi, Sylvia (2016). [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas &quot;High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; E zigara ya India na 1987 ka ọ rụọ ọrụ maka UNDP, ọ rụkwara ọrụ na mba dị iche iche, gụnyere Bhutan, Comoros, Uganda, Chad, Czech Republic, Cameroon, Gabon na Central African Republic.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot; /&gt;
[[Faịlụ:EU_NEPAD_meeting_2024.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|Bekele-Thomas (n'aka nri) na European Commissioner for International Partnerships Jutta Urpilainen, 14 Ọktoba 2024]]
N’ọnwa Septemba afọ 2013, a họpụtara Bekele-Thomas dịka Onye Nnọchi Anya Obibi nke United Nations Development Programme na Kenya, mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ dịka osote onye nnọchi anya obibi ebe ahụ n’ime afọ anọ gara aga..&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWakhisi2016&quot;&gt;Wakhisi, Sylvia (2016). [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas &quot;High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya UNDP na Benin na onye nhazi nke United Nations na South Africa.&lt;ref name=&quot;accord&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.accord.org.za/people/nardos-bekele-thomas/|work=African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)|accessdate=18 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;africanunion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, Takes Office as New CEO of The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD|url=https://au.int/fr/node/41789|work=[[African Union]]|accessdate=18 April 2026|date=10 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'agbata afọ 2016 na 2017, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nchịkwa nke United Nations Secretariat, onye ọrụ nchịkwa ya gụnyere Ọfịs nke odeakwụkwọ ukwu, Ọfịs onye isi ndị ọrụ na odeakwụkwọ ukwu na Ọfịs osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu.&lt;ref name=&quot;accord&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;africanunion&quot; /&gt;

N'oge nnọkọ nke 35 nke African Union Summit na Febụwarị 2022, a họpụtara Ms Bekele-Thomas dị ka nwanyị mbụ iduzi African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for Africa's Development, na-anọchi Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki.&lt;ref name=&quot;africanunion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, Takes Office as New CEO of The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD|url=https://au.int/fr/node/41789|work=[[African Union]]|accessdate=18 April 2026|date=10 May 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://au.int/fr/node/41789 &quot;Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, Takes Office as New CEO of The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD&quot;]. ''[[Ọchịchị ikike mmadụ mpaghara|African Union]]''. 10 May 2022&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ malitere ọrụ ahụ na 1 Mee.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=New CEO of African Union Development Agency -NEPAD assumes office 1 May|url=https://africarenewal.un.org/en/magazine/new-ceo-african-union-development-agency-nepad-assumes-office-1-may|work=[[United Nations]]|publisher=NEPAD|accessdate=18 April 2026|date=10 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nzukọ nke African Union họpụtara ya ọzọ na Febụwarị 2026. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=NEPAD: Ethiopian Nardos Bekele-Thomas reappointed as Director General|url=https://www.financialafrik.com/en/2026/02/17/nepad-ethiopian-nardos-bekele-thomas-reappointed-as-director-general/|accessdate=18 April 2026|work={{ill|Financial Afrik|fr}}|date=17 February 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bekele-Thomas sonyeere Supervisory Board nke Global Center on Adaptation na 26 Nọvemba 2025 n'akụkụ ọtụtụ ndị isi mbụ nke st.&lt;ref name=&quot;gca&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas appointed to Supervisory Board of GCA|url=https://gca.org/news/ms-nardos-bekele-thomas-appointed-to-supervisory-board-of-gca/|work=[[Global Center on Adaptation]]|accessdate=18 April 2026|date=26 November 2025}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://gca.org/news/ms-nardos-bekele-thomas-appointed-to-supervisory-board-of-gca/ &quot;Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas appointed to Supervisory Board of GCA&quot;]. ''[[Global Center on Adaptation]]''. 26 November 2025&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ rụrụ ọrụ pụrụ iche iji nye ndị ntorobịa na ụmụnwaanyị ike na nkwado..&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWakhisi2016&quot;&gt;Wakhisi, Sylvia (2016). [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas &quot;High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
Ọ lụrụ Adebisi Babatunde Thomas, onye bụ onye bi na UNDP na 1980s na onye ọ zutere na Kenya mgbe e zigara ya ebe ahụ maka ọrụ ndụmọdụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWakhisi2016&quot;&gt;Wakhisi, Sylvia (2016). [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas &quot;High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Ha nwere ụmụ ise.&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot; /&gt;

Ọ na-asụ Bekee na French nke ọma.&lt;ref name=&quot;accord&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.accord.org.za/people/nardos-bekele-thomas/|work=African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)|accessdate=18 April 2026}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.accord.org.za/people/nardos-bekele-thomas/ &quot;Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;africanunion&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, Takes Office as New CEO of The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD|url=https://au.int/fr/node/41789|work=[[African Union]]|accessdate=18 April 2026|date=10 May 2022}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://au.int/fr/node/41789 &quot;Ms Nardos Bekele-Thomas, Takes Office as New CEO of The African Union Development Agency-NEPAD&quot;]. ''[[Ọchịchị ikike mmadụ mpaghara|African Union]]''. 10 May 2022&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nturu ugo ==

* Onyinye Onye Ọhụrụ Dị Ndụ (2007) &lt;ref name=&quot;accord&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.accord.org.za/people/nardos-bekele-thomas/|work=African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)|accessdate=18 April 2026}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.accord.org.za/people/nardos-bekele-thomas/ &quot;Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* AU/DAF Award nke 2015 Woman of Excellence maka &quot;maka enyemaka ya dị ịrịba ama nye ụmụ nwanyị n'Africa&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Wakhisi|first=Sylvia|title=High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas|accessdate=18 April 2026|work=[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]|date=2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWakhisi2016&quot;&gt;Wakhisi, Sylvia (2016). [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/trendsetters/article/2000168814/high-flyer-meet-undp-resident-representative-nardos-bekele-thomas &quot;High flyer: Meet UNDP Resident Representative Nardos Bekele-Thomas&quot;]. ''[[The Standard (Kenya)|The Standard]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;18 April&lt;/span&gt; 2026&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=The United Nations Celebrates it’s 70th Anniversary|journal=UN Staff Voice|date=October 2015|pages=43|url=https://archive.uneca.org/sites/default/files/uploaded-documents/Staff_Union/Staff_Voice/staff-voice_issue10_final.pdf|accessdate=18 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==
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    <title>Marie Lenéru</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346987782|Marie Lenéru]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Marie Lenéru''' (June 2, 1875 - September 23, 1918) bụ onye France na-ede egwuregwu na diarist.

Lenéru ghọrọ onye ntị chiri na onye kpuru ìsì mgbe ọ butere kịtịkpa mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị. O nwere ike ịga n'ihu n'agụmakwụkwọ ya site n'enyemaka nke nne ya, na afọ 1910, o dere ọtụtụ egwuregwu e mere na Paris, ọkachasị ''Les Affranchis.''

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
[[Faịlụ:Marie_Lenéru_10ans.png|alt=A portrait of Marie Lenéru at age 10.|áká_èkpè|thumb|254x254px|Marie Lenéru mgbe ọ dị afọ iri.]]
A mụrụ Marie Lenéru n'afọ 1875 na Brest, France. Ezinụlọ ya bi na rue de Siam. Nna ya bụ Alfred Lenéru (1843–1876) bụ onye agha mmiri, onye agha nke Legion of Honor, nakwa onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na École navale na 1863. Ọ nwụrụ mgbe Marie dị naanị ọnwa iri. Alfred, nwa nwoke nke ndị na-ere ụlọ nkwari akụ na Paris, lụrụ Marie Dauriac, ada Rear Adm. Alexandre Dauriac na Augustine Hollard, na Brest na 1872. Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ndị ọzọ nọ n'ezinụlọ Marie Lenéru gụnyere nna nna ya ochie bụ Capt. Alexandre Dauriac na nwanne nna ya bụ Kọmishọna General nke Navy Charles Dauriac na Capt. François Dauriac. O nwere otu nwanne nwoke, Lionel Dauriac (1847–1923), ndị gara École normale supérieure wee bụrụ prọfesọ nkà ihe ọmụma na knight na Legion of Honor.

Na Mee 1887, mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọrịa kịtịkpa, Marie Lenéru ghọrọ onye ntị chiri na onye [[Enweghị ike ịhụ ụzọ|kpuru ìsì]]. Ọ dị afọ iri na otu. Nne ya rụrụ ọrụ iji gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya, na-eji naanị mmetụta aka ya&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=|first=|title=La Petite Illustration n° 358, théâtre n° 194|publisher=|date=1927-11-19|isbn=|location=|pages=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O mechara nwetaghachi ụfọdụ anya ya, nke mere ka o nwee ike ide ihe ma gụọ ihe n'okpuru enyo na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịgụ ihe, mana ntị chiri ya nọgidere na-aga n'ihu. Ọ nwụrụ na 1918 na Lorient, n'oge Ọrịa Spanish flu.

A maara Lenéru nke ọma dị ka isiokwu nke nyocha site na Suzanne Lavaud, onye ntị chiri mbụ nwetara nzere dọkịta na France.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Lavaud|first=Suzanne|title=Marie Lenéru, sa vie, son journal, son théâtre|publisher=Edgar Malfère|year=1932|isbn=|location=Paris|pages=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọrụ ==
N'afọ 1908, Lenéru nyere akụkọ dị mkpirikpi, nke akpọrọ ''[[La Vivante]]'', na asọmpi edemede nke Akwụkwọ akụkọ ''Le Journal'' haziri. Mmeri ya na asọmpi ahụ gosipụtara ihe ịga nke ọma mbụ ya dị ka onye edemede, na-adọta uche ndị otu edemede French nke oge ahụ gụnyere Catulle Mendès, Fernand Gregh, na Rachilde&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=|first=|title=La Petite Illustration n° 358, théâtre n° 194|publisher=|date=1927-11-19|isbn=|location=|pages=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;''La Petite Illustration n° 358, théâtre n° 194''. 1927-11-19.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Onye na-ede ihe nkiri ===
O dere egwuregwu mbụ ya, ''Les Affranchis'', na 1908, wee zigara ya Mendès, onye ghọrọ onye nkwado dị mkpa nke ọrụ ya ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1909. Egwuregwu ahụ meriri ihe nrite 1,000 franc dị ka ọrụ a na-ebipụtaghị, mgbe ahụ Hachette bipụtara ya na 1910, mana ọ gara afọ atọ n'emeghị ya. Gregh dere okwu mbido maka mbipụta 1910, na-ekwu na Mendès gaara eme ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwụghị n'afọ gara aga.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Lenéru|first=Marie|title=Les Affranchis (Pièce en trois actes)|publisher=Librairie Hachette et Cie|year=1910|isbn=|location=Paris|pages=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=1931-05-12|title=Les Lettres|url=https://www.retronews.fr/journal/l-intransigeant/12-mai-1931/44/909441/2|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-21|work=L'Intransigeant|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ikpeazụ, onye nduzi ihe nkiri André Antoine kpebiri ime ihe nkiri ahụ na Odeon maka oge 1910-1911.

N'afọ 1914, Académie Française nyere ya Prix Émile Augier maka ọrụ ''Less Affranchis''. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ natara onyinye ahụ.

Mgbe ọnwụ Lenéru gasịrị, George Cres bipụtara egwuregwu ahụ ọzọ na 1926 ma mee ya na Comédie-Française na 1927.

Site na ihe ịga nke ọma nke ''Les Affranchis'', e mere ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ Lenéru dere na Paris: Le Redoutable na 1912, na Odéon; La Triomphatrice na 1917, na Comédie-Française; na La Paix na 1920, kwa na Odéón. Ọ hapụkwara ọtụtụ ihe ndị a na-emepụtaghị: La Maison sur le roc, Le Bonheur des autres, Les Lutteurs, Le ''Mahdi''. Ụfọdụ ndị katọrọ ọrụ ndị a dị ka ndị na-enweghị mmetụta na ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi, na-elekwasịkarị anya na di na nwunye na-ese okwu maka okpukpe, ezinụlọ, ma ọ bụ ọrụ ebere&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Le Guennec|first=François|title=La Belle Époque des femmes?: 1889-1914|publisher=Editions L'Harmattan|year=2013|isbn=978-2-343-00330-6|location=Paris|pages=189–201|oclc=853277012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na onye na-ede akwụkwọ ===
[[Faịlụ:Cahiers_vert_n_10.jpg|alt=The cover of Marie Lenéru's study Saint-Just.|thumb|236x236px|Ihu akwụkwọ nke ọmụmụ ihe Marie Lenéru ''Saint-Just'', nke e bipụtara mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1922.]]
Na mgbakwunye na mmepụta ihe nkiri ya, Lenéru chịkọtakwara nyocha banyere ndị dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, gụnyere [https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Saint-Just_(Len%C3%A9ru) Ọmụmụ ihe] Louis Antoine de Saint-Just, nke e bipụtara otu isi na Mercure de France n'okpuru aha &quot;Antoine Morsain&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=Morsain|first=Antoine|date=1905-10-15|title=Un professeur d'énergie, Saint-Just|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k201609x|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-21|work=Mercure de France|pages=488–501|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; O dekwara Le Cas de Miss Helen Keller, ileba anya na ndụ na ọrụ nke onye ntị chiri Helen Keller.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Cosnier|first=Colette|title=Le silence des filles|publisher=Fayard|year=2001|isbn=2213650004|location=|pages=488–501|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2009-01-16|title=Lenéru, Marie - Le Cas De Miss Helen Keller|url=http://www.litteratureaudio.com/livres-audio-gratuits-mp3/tag/Marie-Lenéru|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090726113357/http://www.litteratureaudio.com/livres-audio-gratuits-mp3/tag/Marie-Len%C3%A9ru|archivedate=2009-07-26|accessdate=|work=Litterature audio}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, Lenéru hapụrụ akwụkwọ ndekọ, nke o debere site na 1893 ruo obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya na 1918. N'ime ya, ọ na-ekwupụta ahụhụ ya ma gosipụta agụụ maka ịma mma na izu oke nke na-emekpa ya ahụ. Ọ na-akọwa ọdịda nke okwukwe okpukpe ya, nke ọ na-eji ụdị ịdị jụụ na agụụ maka ndụ dochie anya ya, ka ọ na-enweta mmezu n'akwụkwọ.

George Cres bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na 1922, na mpịakọta abụọ nwere okwu mbido nke François de Curel. Grasset wepụtara ya ọzọ na 1945 na okwu mbido nke Fernande Dauriac, na ọzọ na 2007 site na Bartillat , na afọ mbụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ wepụrụ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Lenéru, Marie, 1875-1918.|title=Journal, 1893-1918 : &quot;Je me sens devenir inexorable&quot;|date=2007|publisher=Bartillat|others=Broche, François.|isbn=978-2-84100-359-4|location=Paris|oclc=152504617}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ihe odide ==

[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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    <title>Béatrice Leca</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1111379618|Béatrice Leca]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Béatrice Leca''' (amụrụ na 1970 na Paris) bụ onye edemede French nke oge a, onye meriri mbipụta nke 1996 nke [[Prix Fénéon]].

== Mbipụta ==

* 1996: ''Usoro du marbre'', Editions du Seuil, Prix Fénéon
* 1999: ''Des années kwadoro'', Seuil
* 2004: ''Aux bords des forêts'', Melville

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* [https://www.franceculture.fr/personne/beatrice-leca Beatrice Leca] na Ọdịbendị France
* [http://www.seuil.com/ouvrage/technique-du-marbre-beatrice-leca/9782020297882 Usoro marble nke Béatrice Leca] na saịtị nke mbipụta nke Seuil
* Podcasts nke Beatrice Leca na Babelio
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Leca, Beatrice}}
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'''Françoise Lefèvre''' (amụrụ 22 Nọvemba 1942) bụ onye ode akwụkwọ France. Ọ bụ onye nnata nke Grand prix des lectrices de Elle.

== Akụkọ ndụ ==
A mụrụ Françoise Lefèvre na 22 Nọvemba 1942 na Paris. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya n'akwụkwọ n'afọ 1974, akwụkwọ ya nke ọ bụla na-akọkwa ihe ndị mere ná ndụ ya.

Les larmes de André Hardellet (1998) kọrọ otu ihe pụrụ iche mere n'etiti onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ na onye na-ede uri nke La Cité Montgol na Place Desnouettes, n'ebe ndịda nke mpaghara iri na ise nke Paris. Na Julaị 23, 1974, onye na-ede uri ahụ na onye ahụ na-adịghị mma zutere nwa agbọghọ a. Ndị enyi ọhụrụ ahụ mere atụmatụ ịga leta Vincennes n'echi ya, obodo Hardellet. O meghị: onye na-ede uri ahụ nwụrụ n'abalị.

Nwa ya nwoke bụ́ Hugo Horiot [fr], onye o kwuru maka ọrịa autism ya n'akwụkwọ ya bụ́ Le Petit Prince Cannibale, bipụtara akụkọ banyere ọrịa ya (Asperger syndrome) na 2013: L'empereur, c'est moi.

== Ọrụ ==

* 1974: ''La Première Habitude'', Éditions Pauvert [fr], Grand prix des lectrices de Elle, 1975
* 1976: ''L'Or des chambres'', J.-J. Pauvert,  
* 1977: ''Le Bout du compte'', J.-J. Pauvert
* 1985: ''Mortel Azur'', Éditions Mazarine [fr],  
* 1990: ''Le Petit Prince Cannibale'', Actes Sud,  

:: - Prix Goncourt des lyceens, 1990

* 1993: ''Blanche, c'est moi'', Actes Sud,  
* 1994: ''La Grosse'', Actes Sud,  
* 1994: ''Hermine'', Stock
* 1995: ''Surtout ne me dessine pas un mouton'', Stock,  
* 1997: ''Un soir sans raison'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 1998: ''Consigne des minutes heureuses'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 1998: ''Les Larmes d'André Hardellet'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 2000: ''Souliers d'automne'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 2000: ''En nous des choses tues'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 2001: ''L'Offrande'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 2003: ''Alma ou la chute des feuilles'', Éditions du Rocher,  
* 2004: ''Se perdre avec les ombres'', Éditions du Rocher,  , Prix Marcel Aymé, 2005
* 2008: ''Un album de silence'', Mercure de France,  

== Ihe nrite ==

* 1975: Grand prix des lectrices de Elle maka ''La Première Habitude'' .&lt;ref name=&quot;page&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.editionsdurocher.fr/Francoise-Lefevre_auteur_2849.html|title=Sa page, sur le site de son éditeur, les Éditions du Rocher|accessdate=2017-01-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413140629/http://www.editionsdurocher.fr/Francoise-Lefevre_auteur_2849.html|archivedate=2014-04-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1990: Prix Goncourt des lyceens maka ''Le Petit Prince cannibale'' .&lt;ref name=&quot;page&quot; /&gt;

== Akwụkwọ ==

* Pierre Perrin, ''Les caresses de l'absence chez Françoise Lefèvre'', Éditions du Rocher, 1998.
* Sabine Bourgois, ''Une autre que moi'', K Éditions, 2004.

:: Prix &quot;A la découverte d'un écrivain du Nord&quot; 2005, nyere ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ Furet du Nord na ''La Voix du Nord'' kwa ụbọchị. 

== Ihe odide ==
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This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
=== 1. Introductory Training Session ===
Participants will be introduced to:
Wikimedia movement
Open knowledge
Digital language preservation
Wikimedia editing basics
=== 2. Hands-on Editing Workshop ===
Participants will learn:
Article creation and editing
Translation of articles into Igbo
Adding references and citations
Uploading media files
== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation
== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.</text>
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This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
=== 1. Introductory Training Session ===
Participants will be introduced to:
Wikimedia movement
Open knowledge
Digital language preservation
Wikimedia editing basics
=== 2. Hands-on Editing Workshop ===
Participants will learn:
Article creation and editing
Translation of articles into Igbo
Adding references and citations
Uploading media files
== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate / Postgraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation

== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.</text>
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This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
=== 1. Introductory Training Session ===
Participants will be introduced to:
* Wikimedia movement
* Open knowledge
* Digital language preservation
* Wikimedia editing basics

=== 2. Hands-on Editing Workshop ===
Participants will learn:
Article creation and editing
Translation of articles into Igbo
Adding references and citations
Uploading media files
== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate / Postgraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation

== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.</text>
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This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
=== 1. Introductory Training Session ===
Participants will be introduced to:
* Wikimedia movement
* Open knowledge
* Digital language preservation
* Wikimedia editing basics

=== 2. Hands-on Editing Workshop ===
Participants will learn:
* Article creation and editing
* Translation of articles into Igbo
* Adding references and citations
* Uploading media files

== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate / Postgraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation

== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.</text>
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This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
''''' Introductory Training Session '''''
Participants will be introduced to:
* Wikimedia movement
* Open knowledge
* Digital language preservation
* Wikimedia editing basics

=== 2. Hands-on Editing Workshop ===
Participants will learn:
* Article creation and editing
* Translation of articles into Igbo
* Adding references and citations
* Uploading media files

== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate / Postgraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation

== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.</text>
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This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
''''' Introductory Training Session '''''

Participants will be introduced to:
* Wikimedia movement
* Open knowledge
* Digital language preservation
* Wikimedia editing basics

'''''Hands-on Editing Workshop '''''

Participants will learn:
* Article creation and editing
* Translation of articles into Igbo
* Adding references and citations
* Uploading media files

== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate / Postgraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation

== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.</text>
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      <text bytes="2202" sha1="kkkk4rehnd4jm2qb2in69h7aawfzfk2" xml:space="preserve">Many indigenous African languages face underrepresentation in digital spaces despite their rich linguistic and cultural heritage. Students often lack awareness of how they can contribute to preserving their language online.
This project aims to address this challenge by introducing students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, to Wikimedia platforms as tools for language documentation, knowledge sharing, and cultural preservation.
The project aligns with the Wikimedia movement’s mission of promoting free knowledge and supporting linguistic diversity.

'''Empowering Students for Digital Language Preservation at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam''' aimed at equipping students with digital skills needed to preserve and promote the Igbo language and indigenous knowledge online.
The project seeks to introduce students to Wikimedia projects and train them on how to contribute to free knowledge platforms through article creation, translation and documentation of Igbo cultural heritage.
This initiative will help bridge the gap between indigenous language preservation and digital participation among young people while strengthening the Igbo Wikimedia community.

== Activities ==
''''' Introductory Training Session '''''

Participants will be introduced to:
* Wikimedia movement
* Open knowledge
* Digital language preservation
* Wikimedia editing basics

'''''Hands-on Editing Workshop '''''

Participants will learn:
* Article creation and editing
* Translation of articles into Igbo
* Adding references and citations
* Uploading media files

== Target Participants ==
* Undergraduate / Postgraduate students
* Language and linguistics students
* Students interested in technology and digital literacy
* New Wikimedia contributors
* Youth interested in indigenous language preservation

== Learning and Impact ==
This project will empower students with:
* Digital literacy skills
* Open knowledge contribution experience
* Indigenous language preservation awareness
* Collaborative editing skills
The initiative will also contribute to increasing the visibility of Igbo language and culture in digital knowledge spaces.

[[Otú:Igbo Wikimedians User Group]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Akpa Nkuume</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352380367|Lung]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Human systems and organs}}{{Lower respiratory system anatomy|state=expanded}}{{Respiratory physiology}}{{Authority control}}Nkuume bụ isi akụkụ ahụ isi  usoro iku ume n'ọtụtụ anụmanụ, gụnyere  mmadụ. N'ime anụ na-enye nwa ara na ọtụtụ tetrapods ndị ọzọ, '''akpa nkuume''' abụọ dị nso na ọkpụkpụ azụ n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke obi. Ọrụ ha na usoro iku ume bụ iwepụta Ọsịgin site na ikuku ma nyefee ya ga usoro obara si aga, tinyekwara ịwehapụ carbon dioxide site na ọbara n'ime ikuku, na usoro mgbanwe gas. Ikurume na-esite n'usoro  ahụ dị iche iche n'ụdị ihe n'elu ume dị iche iche. Ụmụ anụmanụ na-enye nwa ara, anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ na nnụnụ na-eji usoro ọkpụkpụ ha akwado ma kwalite iku ume. Na tetrapod na-amalite amalite, ikuku na-abanye n'ime akpa ume site na uru ahụ pharyngeal site na buccal pumping, usoro a ka na-ahụ na anụmanụ na-ebi n'ala. N'ime ụmụ mmadụ, okpụkpụ ahụ bụ isi nke na-akpali iku ume bụ nke akpọrọ diaphragm. Nkuume na-enyekwa ikuku nke na-eme ka ụda olu gụnyere ikwu okwu nwee ike ịdị ire.

Mmadụ nwere akpa nkuume abụọ, akpa nkuume aka nri na akpa nkuuume aka ekpe. Ha dị n'ime oghere obi nke obi. Nkuume aka nri buru ibu karịa nke aka ekpe, ma akpa nkuume aka ekpe na obi na-ekerịta ohere na mkpụrụ obi. Akpa nkuume n'ozuzu ya dị ihe dịka kilogram 1.3 (2.9 lb), ma nke aka nri dịkwa arọ karịa. Nkuume bụ akụkụ nke ụzọ Ọkụ ume nke na-amalite na trachea ma na-abanye na bronchi na broncholes, nke na-enweta ikuku a na-esite  n'ume site na mpaghara nduzi. Ndị a na-ekewa ruo mgbe ikuku ruru microscopic alveoli, ebe mgbanwe gas na-ewere ọnọdụ. N'ozuzu, akpa ume nwere ihe dịka kilomita puku abụọ na narị anọ (1,500 mi) nke ụzọ ikuku na nde alveoli narị atọ ruo narị ise. A na-ekpuchi akpa ume ọ bụla n'ime akpa pleural nke pleurae abụọ nke na-enye ohere ka mgbidi dị n'ime na nke dị n'èzí na-agbada n'elu ibe ha ebe   iku ume na-ewere ọnọdụ, na-enweghị nnukwu mkpkọ. Visceral pleura nke ime kewara akpa nkuume ume ọ bụla dị ka fissures n'akụkụ ndị a na-akpọ lobes. Nkuume nke aka nri nwere lobes atọ ma aka ekpe nwere abụọ. A na-ekewakwa lobes ị bụ bronchopulmonary na lobules. Akpa nkuume nwere ikike nzisa ọbara pụrụ iche, na-anata ọbara deoxygenated nke sitere n'obi iji nata oxygen (usoro nrugharị nke akpa ume) na ọbara oxygenated dị iche (usoro nrọ nke akpa ume).

Ọtụtụ ọrịa iku ume nwere ike imetụta anụ ahụ nke nkuume nke gụnyere oyi ịba n'ahụ na Ọrịa kansa akpa nkuume. Ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala dị ka ọrịa na-adịghị agafe agafe nke akpa ume na emphysema nwere ike bụrụ nke ise Ihe odide maọbụ inwe mkpughe nke nkịtị ume ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ. Ọrịa ndị dị ka bronchitis nwekwara ike imetụta usoro iku ume. Okwu ahụike metụtara akpa ume na-amalite site na pulmo-, site na Latin pulmonarius (nke nkuume) dị ka na pulmonology, ma ọ bụ pneumo- (site na Grik πνεύμων &quot;nkuume&quot;) dị ka na oyi ịba n'ahụ.

N'oge uto nwa ebu n'afọ, ngụgụ na-amalite itolite dị ka ihe na-esi n'ihu, ọkpọkọ nke na-aga n'ihu na-emepụta akụkụ elu nke usoro nri . Mgbe akpa ume etolite, a na-ejide nwa ebu n'afọ n'ime [[akpa amniotic]] jupụtara na mmiri mmiri, ya mere ha anaghị arụ ọrụ iji kuo ume. A na-esikwa n'akpa ume na-apụ site na ductus arteriosus . Otú ọ dị, [[Ime mgbanwe na ndụ n'èzí|mgbe a mụrụ nwa]], ikuku na-amalite ịgafe ngụgụ, ọkpọkọ ntụgharị na-emechi ka ngụgụ wee malite iku ume.

== Ọdịdị ya ==

=== nkọwa Ọdịdị ===
[[Faịlụ:Illu_bronchi_lungs.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb]]
N'ime mmadụ, akpa nkuume dị n'obi n'akụkụ abụọ nke mkpụrụ obi n'ime ngugu. Ha dị ka Kobe n'ọdịdị na oghere dị warara n''''elu''', na '''ntọala''' dị obosara nke na-adabere n'elu diaphragm.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot; /&gt; Isi nke akpa Nkuume na-agbasa n'ime mgbọrọgwụ nke olu, na-eru obere  n'elu ọkwa nke njedebe azụ nke ngụgụ mbụ. Akpa Nkuume na-agbasa site na nso ọkpụkpụ azụ dị n'oghere ngụgụ ruo n'ihu obi ma gbadaa site na akụkụ ala nke trachea ruo diaphragm.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nkuume aka ekpe na obi na-ekerịta ohere, ma nwee oghere n'ókè ya a na-akpọ kardịak nọch nke akpa nkuume aka ekpe iji kwado nke a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Betts&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Betts|first=J. Gordon|title=Anatomy &amp; physiology|date=2013|isbn=978-1-938168-13-0|url=http://cnx.org/content/m46676/latest/?collection=col11496/latest|accessdate=11 August 2014|pages=787–846|publisher=OpenStax College, Rice University}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt; Akụkụ ihu na mpụga nke akpa nkuume  na-eche ihu na ngụgụ, nke na-eme ka oghere dị nro n'elu ha. Akụkụ dị n'etiti nke akpa nkuume na-eche ihu n'etiti obi, ma na-adina n'akụkụ obi, nnukwu vessụl, na carina ebe trachea kewara n'ime isi bronchi abụọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot; /&gt; '''Mmetụta obi''' bụ oghere e mepụtara n'elu akpa nkuume ebe ha na-ezu ike n'obi.

Akpa Nkuume abụọ ahụ nwere nnabata nke dị n'etiti a na-akpọ hilum, ebe Akwara ọbara na Ụzọ ikuku na-agafe n'ime akpa ume na-emejupụta isi mmalite nke akpa nkuume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Moore K&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Moore|first=K|title=Clinically oriented anatomy|date=2018|isbn=978-1-4963-4721-3|pages=333–339|publisher=Wolters Kluwer|edition=8th}}&lt;/ref&gt; E nwekwara bronchopulmonary lymph nodes na hilum a . &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

pulmonary [[:en:Pulmonary_pleurae|pleurae]] gbara akpa nkuume gburugburu. Pleura bụ [[:en:Serous_membrane|serous membranes]] abụọ dị n'ime; pleura parietal nke dị na mpụta gbara n'ime mgbidi nke ngụgụ ogige ebe pleura visceral dị n'ime dị kpọmkwem n'elu akpa nkuume. N'etiti pleurae ahụ, e nwere oghere a na-akpọ oghere pleural nke nwere obere nnọdụ akwa nke mmiri pleural na-amị amị.

==== Lobes ====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;float:right;margin-left:10px&quot;
|+Nkewa Lobes na bronchopulmonary &lt;ref name=&quot;pmid1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Arakawa|first=H|title=Expiratory high-resolution CT: diagnostic value in diffuse lung diseases|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|date=December 2000|volume=175|issue=6|pages=1537–1543|pmid=11090370|doi=10.2214/ajr.175.6.1751537}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Akpa nkuume aka nri
!Akpa nkuume aka ekpe
|-
|Nke elu

* Apical
* Posterior
* Anterior

N'etiti

* Lateral
* Medial

Nke ala

* Superior
* Medial
* Anterior
* Lateral
* Posterior
|'''Nke elu'''
* Apicoposterior
* Anterior

Lịgula

* Superior
* Inferior

'''Nke ala'''

* Superior
* Anteriomedial
* Lateral
* Posterior
|}
A na-ekewa akpa nkuume ọ bụla n'akụkụ ndị a na-akpọ lobes site na ntụgharị (infoldings) nke visceral pleura dị ka fissures. A na-ekewa lobes n'ime akụkụ, akụkụ nwere nkewa ndị ọzọ dị ka lobules. E nwere lobes atọ n'ime akpa nkuume aka nri na lobes abụọ n'imeakpa nkuume aka ekpe.

==== Fishọz ====
A na-emepụta fissures na mmalite ịkpị nwa tupu amụọ site na invaginations nke visceral pleura nke na-ekewa lobar bronchi, ma kewaa akpa nkuume n'ime lobes nke na-enyere aka na mgbasa ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;Koster&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Koster|first=TD|title=The fissure: interlobar collateral ventilation and implications for endoscopic therapy in emphysema.|journal=International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease|date=2016|volume=11|pages=765–73|doi=10.2147/COPD.S103807|pmid=27110109}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lung fissures&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Hacking|first=Craig|title=Lung fissures|url=http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lung-fissures|work=Radiopaedia|date=22 March 2013|accessdate=8 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-ekewa akpa nkuume aka nri n'ime lobes atọ site na '''oghere dị larịị''', na oghere mgbata. A na-ekewa akpa nkuume aka ekpe n'ime lobes abụọ site na oblique fishioz nke na-ejikọta ya na oghere dị n'akpa nkuume aka nri. N'ime akpa ume aka nri, oghere dị n'elu, na-ekewa nke elu (elu) lobe na lobe nke etiti . N'okpuru, '''Fishoz oblik dị n'ala''' na-ekewa akụkụ dị n'okpuru site na akụkụ dị n&quot;etiti na nke dị n'elu.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Lung fissures&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbanwe dị iche iche na fissures bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maọbụ nke na-ezughị ezu maọbụ dị ka fissure ọzọ dị ka na azygos fissure, maọbụ nker e nweghị. Ọdịda na-ezughị ezu na-akpata ikuku interlobar collateral, ikuku na-agafe n'etiti lobes nke a na-achọghị na usoro ụfọdụ nke mbelata akpa nkuume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Koster&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Koster|first=TD|title=The fissure: interlobar collateral ventilation and implications for endoscopic therapy in emphysema.|journal=International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease|date=2016|volume=11|pages=765–73|doi=10.2147/COPD.S103807|pmid=27110109}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Nkewa ====
{{multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center|align=center|total_width=480|image1=Gray973.png|alt1=The left lung|image2=Gray972.png|alt2=The right lung|footer=The left lung (left) and right lung (right). The lobes of the lungs can be seen, and the central [[root of the lung]] is also present.}}{{multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center|align=center|total_width=480|image1=Gray973.png|alt1=The left lung|image2=Gray972.png|alt2=The right lung|footer=The left lung (left) and right lung (right). The lobes of the lungs can be seen, and the central [[root of the lung]] is also present.}}{{Clear}}{{col div|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Atelectasis]]
* [[Drowning]]
* [[Interstitial lung disease]]
* [[Liquid breathing]]
* [[Lung abscess]]
* [[Lung-on-a-chip]]
* [[Secarecytosis]]
* [[List of terms of lung size and activity]]
* [[Tobacco]]
* [[Vaping]]
* [[Smoking]]
{{colend}}

=== Akpa  nkụụme aka nri ===
Akpa nkuume  nke  aka nri nwere ọtụtụ lobes na nkewa karịa nke aka ekpe. Ekewara ya ụzọ atọ, otu elu, etiti, na obere lobe site na mgbawa abụọ, otu oblik na otu nke kwụ ọtọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Chaudhry&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=StatPearls [Internet]|chapter=Anatomy, Thorax, Lungs|date=Jan 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nkewa nke elu, kwụ ọtọ, na-ekewa nke elu na lobe nke etiti . Ọ na-amalite na nkewa oblique nke ala dị nso na ókèala azụ nke akpa ume, ma, na-eche ihu n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ, ma bujie ókèala ihu na ọkwa na njedebe sternal nke anọ nke costal cartilage ; n'elu mediastinal, enwere ike ịchọghachi  azụ na hilum . &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nkewa nke ala, oblique, na-ekewa nke ala site na nke etiti na lobes nke elu ma na-ejikọta ya nke ọma na nkewa oblik  dị na akpa nkuume nke aka ekpe. &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Lung fissures&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Hacking|first=Craig|title=Lung fissures|url=http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lung-fissures|work=Radiopaedia|date=22 March 2013|accessdate=8 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị nso na-abanye n'elu akpa nkuume aka nri. Mkpụrụ obi na-adị n'ime ihe a na-akpọ mmetụta obi. N'elu hilum nke akpa ume bụ oghere a gbagọrọ agbagọ maka akwara azygos, n'elu nke a bụ oghere sara mbara maka akwara vena cava dị elu na akwara brachiocephalic aka nri; n'azụ nke a, na nso n'elu akpa nkuume bụ oghere maka akwara brachiocephalic . E nwere oghere maka esophagus n'azụ hilum na akwara pulmonary, na nso n'akụkụ ala nke oghere esophagus bụ oghere miri emi maka vena cava dị ala tupu ọ banye na mkpụrụ obi. &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibu nke akpa nkuume aka nri dịgasị iche na mmadụ n'otu n'otu, na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ n'etiti ụmụ nwoke nke 155-720   &lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Men|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=December 2012|volume=33|issue=4|pages=368–372|doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad|pmid=22182984}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ụmụ nwanyị nke g dị otu narị ruo narị ise na iri itoolu  .&lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Women|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=September 2015|volume=36|issue=3|pages=182–187|doi=10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175|pmid=26108038}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akpa nkuume aka ekpe ===
A na-ekewa akpa nkuume aka ekpe n'ime lobes abụọ, nke dị n'elu na nke dị n&quot;okpuru, site na oghere dị n'akụkụ, nke na-agbasa site na akụkụ ruo n'akụkụ etiti nke akpa ume ma n'elu ma n'okpuru hilum.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akpa nkuume aka ekpe, n'adịghị ka nke aka nri, enweghị akụkụ dị n'etiti, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere akụkụ homologous, ngosipụta nke akụkụ dị n&quot;elu a na-akpọ '''lingula'''. Aha ya pụtara &quot;obere ire&quot;. Lingula dị n'akpa nkuume aka ekpe na-eje ozi dị ka akụkụ ahụ nke dị n'etiti n'akpa nwa aka nri, ebe mpaghara abụọ ahụ na-ebute ọrịa yiri ya na nsogbu ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|pmid=21324708|year=2011|author=Yu|first=J.A.|title=Lady Windermere revisited: Treatment with thoracoscopic lobectomy/segmentectomy for right middle lobe and lingular bronchiectasis associated with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease|journal=European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery|volume=40|issue=3|pages=671–675|doi=10.1016/j.ejcts.2010.12.028}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|pmid=14718418|year=2004|author=Ayed|first=A.K.|title=Resection of the right middle lobe and lingula in children for middle lobe/lingula syndrome|journal=Chest|volume=125|issue=1|pages=38–42|doi=10.1378/chest.125.1.38}}&lt;/ref&gt; E nwere akụkụ abụọ nke ụkwara ume nke lingula: nke dị elu na nke dị ala.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot; /&gt;

Akụkụ etiti nke akpa ume aka ekpe nwere nnukwu ''Mmetụta obi'' ebe obi na-anọdụ. Nke a dị omimi ma buru ibu karịa nke dị n'akpa nkuume aka nri, ebe mkpụrụ obi na-aga n'aka ekpe.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

N'otu elu ahụ, ozugbo n'elu hilum, bụ oghere a na-ahụ nke ọma maka oghere aortic, na oghere dị n'okpuru ya maka aorta mgbadata. Akwara subclavian nke aka ekpe, alaka dị na ark nke aortic, na-anọdụ n'oghere site na oghere ruo nso n'elu akpa nkuume. ihe na-adịghị omimi n'ihu akwara na nso ọnụ akpa ume, na-etinye Akwara brachiocephalic aka ekpe. Esophagus nwere ike ịnọdụ n'ebe sara mbara na-adịghị omimi na ala nke akpa nkuume.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

Site na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ dị mma, ịdị arọ nke akpa ume aka ekpe bụ {{convert|110-675|g|lb|abbr=on}}  &lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Men|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=December 2012|volume=33|issue=4|pages=368–372|doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad|pmid=22182984}}&lt;/ref&gt; n'ime ụmụ nwoke nakwa {{convert|105-515|g|lb|abbr=on}}   n'ime  ụmụ nwanyị. &lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Women|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=September 2015|volume=36|issue=3|pages=182–187|doi=10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175|pmid=26108038}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe osise ===

=== Obere nkọwa ahụ ===
[[Faịlụ:Lung_structure_normal.jpg|thumb|Nkọwa nke akụkụ dị iche iche nke akpa nkuume]]
Ọrịa ume bụ akụkụ nke ala iku ume, ma na-anabata ụzọ ikuku nke akpa ume mgbe ha gbasara site na trachea. Ụzọ ikuku na-akwụsị na alveoli nke mejupụtara anụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ (parenchyma) nke akpa ume, na akwara, akwara, ụbụrụ, na arịa lymphatic.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|others=Deakin PJ (illust)|title=Wheater's functional histology: a text and colour atlas|url=https://archive.org/details/wheatersfunction00youn|date=2006|publisher=Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier|location=[Edinburgh?]|isbn=978-0-443-06850-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/wheatersfunction00youn/page/n531 234]–250|edition=5th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Trachea na bronchi nwere plexuses nke lymph capillaries na mucosa na submucosa ha. Obere bronchi nwere otu okpokoro lymph capillaries, ha anọghịkwa na alveoli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Theodora&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://theodora.com/anatomy/the_lymphatic_system.html|title=The Lymphatic System – Human Anatomy|accessdate=8 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-enye akpa ume na usoro nsị lymphatic kachasị ukwuu nke akụkụ ọ bụla ọzọ dị n'ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Saladin&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Saladin|first=Kenneth S.|title=Human anatomy|date=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-122207-5|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọkpụkpụ nke ọ bụla gbara ya gburugburu nke visceral pleura, nke nwere ihe dị n'okpuru nke anụ ahụ na-ejikọta ya na ihe dị n&quot;akpa ume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands1077&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Dorland|title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4160-6257-8|edition=32nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mNACisYwbZoC&amp;q=1077&amp;pg=PA1077|accessdate=11 February 2016|date=2011-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-eche na akpa ume nke anụ ndị nwere [[Fish|azụ]] n'ala taa na ụfụfụ gas nke azụ taa sitere na akpa dị mfe, dị ka mpụga nke esophagus, nke nyere ohere ka azụ mbụ na-eri ikuku n'okpuru ọnọdụ oxygen.&lt;ref name=&quot;farmer&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Did lungs and the intracardiac shunt evolve to oxygenate the heart in vertebrates|author=Colleen Farmer|journal=Paleobiology|year=1997|url=http://www.biology.utah.edu/farmer/publications%20pdf/1997%20Paleobiology23.pdf|doi=10.1017/S0094837300019734|volume=23|pages=358–372|issue=3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbukpọ ndị a malitere na azụ ọkpụkpụ. N'ime ọtụtụ Azụ ray-finned, akpa ndị ahụ gbanwere ka ọ bụrụ ụfụfụ gas mechiri emechi, ebe ọtụtụ carp, trout, herring, Catfish, na eels nọgidere na-enwe ọnọdụ physostome na akpa na-emeghe na esophagus. N'ime azụ ndị azụ nwere ọkpụkpụ, dị ka gar, bichir, bowfin na azụ lobe-finned, akpa ndị ahụ agbanweela ka ha rụọ ọrụ dị ka akpa ume.&lt;ref name=&quot;farmer&quot; /&gt; Azụ a na-akpọ lobe-finned mere ka e nwee tetrapods dị n'ala. Ya mere, akpa ume nke vertebrates bụ homologous na gas bladders nke azụ (ma ọ bụghị na gills ha). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Longo|first=Sarah|title=Homology of lungs and gas bladders: Insights from arterial vasculature|journal=Journal of Morphology|date=June 2013|volume=274|issue=6|pages=687–703|doi=10.1002/jmor.20128|pmid=23378277}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==
 

== Edensibịa ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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{{Human systems and organs}}{{Lower respiratory system anatomy|state=expanded}}{{Respiratory physiology}}{{Authority control}}Nkuume bụ isi akụkụ ahụ isi  usoro iku ume n'ọtụtụ anụmanụ, gụnyere  mmadụ. N'ime anụ na-enye nwa ara na ọtụtụ tetrapods ndị ọzọ, '''akpa nkuume''' abụọ dị nso na ọkpụkpụ azụ n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke obi. Ọrụ ha na usoro iku ume bụ iwepụta Ọsịgin site na ikuku ma nyefee ya ga usoro obara si aga, tinyekwara ịwehapụ carbon dioxide site na ọbara n'ime ikuku, na usoro mgbanwe gas. Ikurume na-esite n'usoro  ahụ dị iche iche n'ụdị ihe n'elu ume dị iche iche. Ụmụ anụmanụ na-enye nwa ara, anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ na nnụnụ na-eji usoro ọkpụkpụ ha akwado ma kwalite iku ume. Na tetrapod na-amalite amalite, ikuku na-abanye n'ime akpa ume site na uru ahụ pharyngeal site na buccal pumping, usoro a ka na-ahụ na anụmanụ na-ebi n'ala. N'ime ụmụ mmadụ, okpụkpụ ahụ bụ isi nke na-akpali iku ume bụ nke akpọrọ diaphragm. Nkuume na-enyekwa ikuku nke na-eme ka ụda olu gụnyere ikwu okwu nwee ike ịdị ire.

Mmadụ nwere akpa nkuume abụọ, akpa nkuume aka nri na akpa nkuuume aka ekpe. Ha dị n'ime oghere obi nke obi. Nkuume aka nri buru ibu karịa nke aka ekpe, ma akpa nkuume aka ekpe na obi na-ekerịta ohere na mkpụrụ obi. Akpa nkuume n'ozuzu ya dị ihe dịka kilogram 1.3 (2.9 lb), ma nke aka nri dịkwa arọ karịa. Nkuume bụ akụkụ nke ụzọ Ọkụ ume nke na-amalite na trachea ma na-abanye na bronchi na broncholes, nke na-enweta ikuku a na-esite  n'ume site na mpaghara nduzi. Ndị a na-ekewa ruo mgbe ikuku ruru microscopic alveoli, ebe mgbanwe gas na-ewere ọnọdụ. N'ozuzu, akpa ume nwere ihe dịka kilomita puku abụọ na narị anọ (1,500 mi) nke ụzọ ikuku na nde alveoli narị atọ ruo narị ise. A na-ekpuchi akpa ume ọ bụla n'ime akpa pleural nke pleurae abụọ nke na-enye ohere ka mgbidi dị n'ime na nke dị n'èzí na-agbada n'elu ibe ha ebe   iku ume na-ewere ọnọdụ, na-enweghị nnukwu mkpkọ. Visceral pleura nke ime kewara akpa nkuume ume ọ bụla dị ka fissures n'akụkụ ndị a na-akpọ lobes. Nkuume nke aka nri nwere lobes atọ ma aka ekpe nwere abụọ. A na-ekewakwa lobes ị bụ bronchopulmonary na lobules. Akpa nkuume nwere ikike nzisa ọbara pụrụ iche, na-anata ọbara deoxygenated nke sitere n'obi iji nata oxygen (usoro nrugharị nke akpa ume) na ọbara oxygenated dị iche (usoro nrọ nke akpa ume).

Ọtụtụ ọrịa iku ume nwere ike imetụta anụ ahụ nke nkuume nke gụnyere oyi ịba n'ahụ na Ọrịa kansa akpa nkuume. Ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala dị ka ọrịa na-adịghị agafe agafe nke akpa ume na emphysema nwere ike bụrụ nke ise Ihe odide maọbụ inwe mkpughe nke nkịtị ume ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ. Ọrịa ndị dị ka bronchitis nwekwara ike imetụta usoro iku ume. Okwu ahụike metụtara akpa ume na-amalite site na pulmo-, site na Latin pulmonarius (nke nkuume) dị ka na pulmonology, ma ọ bụ pneumo- (site na Grik πνεύμων &quot;nkuume&quot;) dị ka na oyi ịba n'ahụ.

N'oge uto nwa ebu n'afọ, ngụgụ na-amalite itolite dị ka ihe na-esi n'ihu, ọkpọkọ nke na-aga n'ihu na-emepụta akụkụ elu nke usoro nri . Mgbe akpa ume etolite, a na-ejide nwa ebu n'afọ n'ime [[akpa amniotic]] jupụtara na mmiri mmiri, ya mere ha anaghị arụ ọrụ iji kuo ume. A na-esikwa n'akpa ume na-apụ site na ductus arteriosus . Otú ọ dị, [[Ime mgbanwe na ndụ n'èzí|mgbe a mụrụ nwa]], ikuku na-amalite ịgafe ngụgụ, ọkpọkọ ntụgharị na-emechi ka ngụgụ wee malite iku ume.

== Ọdịdị ya ==

=== nkọwa Ọdịdị ===
[[Faịlụ:Illu_bronchi_lungs.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb]]
N'ime mmadụ, akpa nkuume dị n'obi n'akụkụ abụọ nke mkpụrụ obi n'ime ngugu. Ha dị ka Kobe n'ọdịdị na oghere dị warara n''''elu''', na '''ntọala''' dị obosara nke na-adabere n'elu diaphragm.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot; /&gt; Isi nke akpa Nkuume na-agbasa n'ime mgbọrọgwụ nke olu, na-eru obere  n'elu ọkwa nke njedebe azụ nke ngụgụ mbụ. Akpa Nkuume na-agbasa site na nso ọkpụkpụ azụ dị n'oghere ngụgụ ruo n'ihu obi ma gbadaa site na akụkụ ala nke trachea ruo diaphragm.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nkuume aka ekpe na obi na-ekerịta ohere, ma nwee oghere n'ókè ya a na-akpọ kardịak nọch nke akpa nkuume aka ekpe iji kwado nke a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Betts&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Betts|first=J. Gordon|title=Anatomy &amp; physiology|date=2013|isbn=978-1-938168-13-0|url=http://cnx.org/content/m46676/latest/?collection=col11496/latest|accessdate=11 August 2014|pages=787–846|publisher=OpenStax College, Rice University}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt; Akụkụ ihu na mpụga nke akpa nkuume  na-eche ihu na ngụgụ, nke na-eme ka oghere dị nro n'elu ha. Akụkụ dị n'etiti nke akpa nkuume na-eche ihu n'etiti obi, ma na-adina n'akụkụ obi, nnukwu vessụl, na carina ebe trachea kewara n'ime isi bronchi abụọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot; /&gt; '''Mmetụta obi''' bụ oghere e mepụtara n'elu akpa nkuume ebe ha na-ezu ike n'obi.

Akpa Nkuume abụọ ahụ nwere nnabata nke dị n'etiti a na-akpọ hilum, ebe Akwara ọbara na Ụzọ ikuku na-agafe n'ime akpa ume na-emejupụta isi mmalite nke akpa nkuume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Moore K&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Moore|first=K|title=Clinically oriented anatomy|date=2018|isbn=978-1-4963-4721-3|pages=333–339|publisher=Wolters Kluwer|edition=8th}}&lt;/ref&gt; E nwekwara bronchopulmonary lymph nodes na hilum a . &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

pulmonary [[:en:Pulmonary_pleurae|pleurae]] gbara akpa nkuume gburugburu. Pleura bụ [[:en:Serous_membrane|serous membranes]] abụọ dị n'ime; pleura parietal nke dị na mpụta gbara n'ime mgbidi nke ngụgụ ogige ebe pleura visceral dị n'ime dị kpọmkwem n'elu akpa nkuume. N'etiti pleurae ahụ, e nwere oghere a na-akpọ oghere pleural nke nwere obere nnọdụ akwa nke mmiri pleural na-amị amị.

==== Lobes ====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;float:right;margin-left:10px&quot;
|+Nkewa Lobes na bronchopulmonary &lt;ref name=&quot;pmid1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Arakawa|first=H|title=Expiratory high-resolution CT: diagnostic value in diffuse lung diseases|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|date=December 2000|volume=175|issue=6|pages=1537–1543|pmid=11090370|doi=10.2214/ajr.175.6.1751537}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!Akpa nkuume aka nri
!Akpa nkuume aka ekpe
|-
|Nke elu

* Apical
* Posterior
* Anterior

N'etiti

* Lateral
* Medial

Nke ala

* Superior
* Medial
* Anterior
* Lateral
* Posterior
|'''Nke elu'''
* Apicoposterior
* Anterior

Lịgula

* Superior
* Inferior

'''Nke ala'''

* Superior
* Anteriomedial
* Lateral
* Posterior
|}
A na-ekewa akpa nkuume ọ bụla n'akụkụ ndị a na-akpọ lobes site na ntụgharị (infoldings) nke visceral pleura dị ka fissures. A na-ekewa lobes n'ime akụkụ, akụkụ nwere nkewa ndị ọzọ dị ka lobules. E nwere lobes atọ n'ime akpa nkuume aka nri na lobes abụọ n'imeakpa nkuume aka ekpe.

==== Fishọz ====
A na-emepụta fissures na mmalite ịkpị nwa tupu amụọ site na invaginations nke visceral pleura nke na-ekewa lobar bronchi, ma kewaa akpa nkuume n'ime lobes nke na-enyere aka na mgbasa ha.&lt;ref name=&quot;Koster&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Koster|first=TD|title=The fissure: interlobar collateral ventilation and implications for endoscopic therapy in emphysema.|journal=International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease|date=2016|volume=11|pages=765–73|doi=10.2147/COPD.S103807|pmid=27110109}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lung fissures&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Hacking|first=Craig|title=Lung fissures|url=http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lung-fissures|work=Radiopaedia|date=22 March 2013|accessdate=8 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-ekewa akpa nkuume aka nri n'ime lobes atọ site na '''oghere dị larịị''', na oghere mgbata. A na-ekewa akpa nkuume aka ekpe n'ime lobes abụọ site na oblique fishioz nke na-ejikọta ya na oghere dị n'akpa nkuume aka nri. N'ime akpa ume aka nri, oghere dị n'elu, na-ekewa nke elu (elu) lobe na lobe nke etiti . N'okpuru, '''Fishoz oblik dị n'ala''' na-ekewa akụkụ dị n'okpuru site na akụkụ dị n&quot;etiti na nke dị n'elu.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Lung fissures&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mgbanwe dị iche iche na fissures bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maọbụ nke na-ezughị ezu maọbụ dị ka fissure ọzọ dị ka na azygos fissure, maọbụ nker e nweghị. Ọdịda na-ezughị ezu na-akpata ikuku interlobar collateral, ikuku na-agafe n'etiti lobes nke a na-achọghị na usoro ụfọdụ nke mbelata akpa nkuume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Koster&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Koster|first=TD|title=The fissure: interlobar collateral ventilation and implications for endoscopic therapy in emphysema.|journal=International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease|date=2016|volume=11|pages=765–73|doi=10.2147/COPD.S103807|pmid=27110109}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Nkewa ====
=20em}}
* [[Atelectasis]]
* [[Drowning]]
* [[Interstitial lung disease]]
* [[Liquid breathing]]
* [[Lung abscess]]
* [[Lung-on-a-chip]]
* [[Secarecytosis]]
* [[List of terms of lung size and activity]]
* [[Tobacco]]
* [[Vaping]]
* [[Smoking]]
{{colend}}

=== Akpa  nkụụme aka nri ===
Akpa nkuume  nke  aka nri nwere ọtụtụ lobes na nkewa karịa nke aka ekpe. Ekewara ya ụzọ atọ, otu elu, etiti, na obere lobe site na mgbawa abụọ, otu oblik na otu nke kwụ ọtọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Chaudhry&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=StatPearls [Internet]|chapter=Anatomy, Thorax, Lungs|date=Jan 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nkewa nke elu, kwụ ọtọ, na-ekewa nke elu na lobe nke etiti . Ọ na-amalite na nkewa oblique nke ala dị nso na ókèala azụ nke akpa ume, ma, na-eche ihu n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ, ma bujie ókèala ihu na ọkwa na njedebe sternal nke anọ nke costal cartilage ; n'elu mediastinal, enwere ike ịchọghachi  azụ na hilum . &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nkewa nke ala, oblique, na-ekewa nke ala site na nke etiti na lobes nke elu ma na-ejikọta ya nke ọma na nkewa oblik  dị na akpa nkuume nke aka ekpe. &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Lung fissures&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Hacking|first=Craig|title=Lung fissures|url=http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lung-fissures|work=Radiopaedia|date=22 March 2013|accessdate=8 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị nso na-abanye n'elu akpa nkuume aka nri. Mkpụrụ obi na-adị n'ime ihe a na-akpọ mmetụta obi. N'elu hilum nke akpa ume bụ oghere a gbagọrọ agbagọ maka akwara azygos, n'elu nke a bụ oghere sara mbara maka akwara vena cava dị elu na akwara brachiocephalic aka nri; n'azụ nke a, na nso n'elu akpa nkuume bụ oghere maka akwara brachiocephalic . E nwere oghere maka esophagus n'azụ hilum na akwara pulmonary, na nso n'akụkụ ala nke oghere esophagus bụ oghere miri emi maka vena cava dị ala tupu ọ banye na mkpụrụ obi. &lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibu nke akpa nkuume aka nri dịgasị iche na mmadụ n'otu n'otu, na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ n'etiti ụmụ nwoke nke 155-720   &lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Men|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=December 2012|volume=33|issue=4|pages=368–372|doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad|pmid=22182984}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ụmụ nwanyị nke g dị otu narị ruo narị ise na iri itoolu  .&lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Women|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=September 2015|volume=36|issue=3|pages=182–187|doi=10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175|pmid=26108038}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akpa nkuume aka ekpe ===
A na-ekewa akpa nkuume aka ekpe n'ime lobes abụọ, nke dị n'elu na nke dị n&quot;okpuru, site na oghere dị n'akụkụ, nke na-agbasa site na akụkụ ruo n'akụkụ etiti nke akpa ume ma n'elu ma n'okpuru hilum.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Drake|first=Richard L.|title=Gray's anatomy for students|date=2014|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-7020-5131-9|pages=167–174|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akpa nkuume aka ekpe, n'adịghị ka nke aka nri, enweghị akụkụ dị n'etiti, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere akụkụ homologous, ngosipụta nke akụkụ dị n&quot;elu a na-akpọ '''lingula'''. Aha ya pụtara &quot;obere ire&quot;. Lingula dị n'akpa nkuume aka ekpe na-eje ozi dị ka akụkụ ahụ nke dị n'etiti n'akpa nwa aka nri, ebe mpaghara abụọ ahụ na-ebute ọrịa yiri ya na nsogbu ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|pmid=21324708|year=2011|author=Yu|first=J.A.|title=Lady Windermere revisited: Treatment with thoracoscopic lobectomy/segmentectomy for right middle lobe and lingular bronchiectasis associated with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease|journal=European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery|volume=40|issue=3|pages=671–675|doi=10.1016/j.ejcts.2010.12.028}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|pmid=14718418|year=2004|author=Ayed|first=A.K.|title=Resection of the right middle lobe and lingula in children for middle lobe/lingula syndrome|journal=Chest|volume=125|issue=1|pages=38–42|doi=10.1378/chest.125.1.38}}&lt;/ref&gt; E nwere akụkụ abụọ nke ụkwara ume nke lingula: nke dị elu na nke dị ala.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS&quot; /&gt;

Akụkụ etiti nke akpa ume aka ekpe nwere nnukwu ''Mmetụta obi'' ebe obi na-anọdụ. Nke a dị omimi ma buru ibu karịa nke dị n'akpa nkuume aka nri, ebe mkpụrụ obi na-aga n'aka ekpe.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

N'otu elu ahụ, ozugbo n'elu hilum, bụ oghere a na-ahụ nke ọma maka oghere aortic, na oghere dị n'okpuru ya maka aorta mgbadata. Akwara subclavian nke aka ekpe, alaka dị na ark nke aortic, na-anọdụ n'oghere site na oghere ruo nso n'elu akpa nkuume. ihe na-adịghị omimi n'ihu akwara na nso ọnụ akpa ume, na-etinye Akwara brachiocephalic aka ekpe. Esophagus nwere ike ịnọdụ n'ebe sara mbara na-adịghị omimi na ala nke akpa nkuume.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;

Site na ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ dị mma, ịdị arọ nke akpa ume aka ekpe bụ {{convert|110-675|g|lb|abbr=on}}  &lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Men|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=December 2012|volume=33|issue=4|pages=368–372|doi=10.1097/PAF.0b013e31823d29ad|pmid=22182984}}&lt;/ref&gt; n'ime ụmụ nwoke nakwa {{convert|105-515|g|lb|abbr=on}}   n'ime  ụmụ nwanyị. &lt;ref name=&quot;MolinaDiMaio2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Molina|first=D. Kimberley|title=Normal Organ Weights in Women|journal=The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology|date=September 2015|volume=36|issue=3|pages=182–187|doi=10.1097/PAF.0000000000000175|pmid=26108038}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ihe osise ===

=== Obere nkọwa ahụ ===
[[Faịlụ:Lung_structure_normal.jpg|thumb|Nkọwa nke akụkụ dị iche iche nke akpa nkuume]]
Ọrịa ume bụ akụkụ nke ala iku ume, ma na-anabata ụzọ ikuku nke akpa ume mgbe ha gbasara site na trachea. Ụzọ ikuku na-akwụsị na alveoli nke mejupụtara anụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ (parenchyma) nke akpa ume, na akwara, akwara, ụbụrụ, na arịa lymphatic.&lt;ref name=&quot;GRAYS40TH&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Standring|first=Susan|editor=Borley|title=Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice|date=2008|publisher=[[Churchill Livingstone]]/[[Elsevier]]|location=Edinburgh|isbn=978-0-443-06684-9|edition=40th|pages=992–1000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kvhkPQAACAAJ}} [https://archive.org/stream/GraysAnatomy40thEd_201403/Gray's%20Anatomy%20-%2040th%20Ed_djvu.txt Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|others=Deakin PJ (illust)|title=Wheater's functional histology: a text and colour atlas|url=https://archive.org/details/wheatersfunction00youn|date=2006|publisher=Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier|location=[Edinburgh?]|isbn=978-0-443-06850-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/wheatersfunction00youn/page/n531 234]–250|edition=5th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Trachea na bronchi nwere plexuses nke lymph capillaries na mucosa na submucosa ha. Obere bronchi nwere otu okpokoro lymph capillaries, ha anọghịkwa na alveoli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Theodora&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://theodora.com/anatomy/the_lymphatic_system.html|title=The Lymphatic System – Human Anatomy|accessdate=8 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; A na-enye akpa ume na usoro nsị lymphatic kachasị ukwuu nke akụkụ ọ bụla ọzọ dị n'ahụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Saladin&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Saladin|first=Kenneth S.|title=Human anatomy|date=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-122207-5|edition=3rd}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọkpụkpụ nke ọ bụla gbara ya gburugburu nke visceral pleura, nke nwere ihe dị n'okpuru nke anụ ahụ na-ejikọta ya na ihe dị n&quot;akpa ume.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands1077&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Dorland|title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4160-6257-8|edition=32nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mNACisYwbZoC&amp;q=1077&amp;pg=PA1077|accessdate=11 February 2016|date=2011-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-eche na akpa ume nke anụ ndị nwere [[Fish|azụ]] n'ala taa na ụfụfụ gas nke azụ taa sitere na akpa dị mfe, dị ka mpụga nke esophagus, nke nyere ohere ka azụ mbụ na-eri ikuku n'okpuru ọnọdụ oxygen.&lt;ref name=&quot;farmer&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Did lungs and the intracardiac shunt evolve to oxygenate the heart in vertebrates|author=Colleen Farmer|journal=Paleobiology|year=1997|url=http://www.biology.utah.edu/farmer/publications%20pdf/1997%20Paleobiology23.pdf|doi=10.1017/S0094837300019734|volume=23|pages=358–372|issue=3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mgbukpọ ndị a malitere na azụ ọkpụkpụ. N'ime ọtụtụ Azụ ray-finned, akpa ndị ahụ gbanwere ka ọ bụrụ ụfụfụ gas mechiri emechi, ebe ọtụtụ carp, trout, herring, Catfish, na eels nọgidere na-enwe ọnọdụ physostome na akpa na-emeghe na esophagus. N'ime azụ ndị azụ nwere ọkpụkpụ, dị ka gar, bichir, bowfin na azụ lobe-finned, akpa ndị ahụ agbanweela ka ha rụọ ọrụ dị ka akpa ume.&lt;ref name=&quot;farmer&quot; /&gt; Azụ a na-akpọ lobe-finned mere ka e nwee tetrapods dị n'ala. Ya mere, akpa ume nke vertebrates bụ homologous na gas bladders nke azụ (ma ọ bụghị na gills ha). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Longo|first=Sarah|title=Homology of lungs and gas bladders: Insights from arterial vasculature|journal=Journal of Morphology|date=June 2013|volume=274|issue=6|pages=687–703|doi=10.1002/jmor.20128|pmid=23378277}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==
 

== Edensibịa ==
{{Reflist}}

== Njikọ mpụga ==

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'''Ann Gargett''' bụ onye ọkachamara n' ihe  gbasara oke osimiri nke si Canada, onye a maara maka nyocha ya na ịtụle oke ọgba aghara na mmetụta ya na usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmiri.

== Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ==
Gargett nwere B.Sc. na mgbakọ na mwepụ na fizikis site na Mahadum Manitoba (1966) na Ph.D. na fizikis site na Mahadum nke  British Columbia (1970).  N'ikpeazụ, o nwetara agụmakwụkwọ postdoctoral na NATO na National Institute of Oceanography (na United Kingdom) ma bụrụ onye otu  Green's Fellow na Scripps Institution of Oceanography . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Green Scholars: Past and Present|url=https://igpp.ucsd.edu/greenfoundation/past-scholars|work=Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nweela ọtụtụ ọkwa na Institute of Ocean Sciences ma malite na 2008 ọ bụ emerita ọkà mmụta sayensị dị elu . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gargett CV|url=http://www.ccpo.odu.edu/Facstaff/faculty/gargett_vita.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2001, ọ sonyeere Mahadum Old Dominion dị ka prọfesọ wee ghọọ emerita prọfesọ n'afọ 2008.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Ọ bụkwa osote prọfesọ na Skidaway Institute of Oceanography . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; N'afọ 2021, Gargett nọ na ngalaba na Semester at Sea ma bụrụkwa onye nchọpụta sayensị dị elu na Canadian Institute of Ocean Sciences . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ann Gargett|url=https://www.semesteratsea.org/faculty-and-staff/ann-gargett/|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=Semester at Sea|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gargett bụ onye a kpọrọ òkù ka ọ bụrụ ọkà okwu n'ozuzu maka mmeghe  nzukọ nke The Oceanography Society na 1989, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Wilson|first=Stan|date=1989|title=The Inaugural Meeting of The Oceanography Society|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43924452|journal=Oceanography|volume=2|issue=1|pages=40–42|doi=10.5670/oceanog.1989.32|issn=1042-8275}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye ọkà okwu na Munk Centennial Symposium na Mee 15, 2017, ma Nye okwu nkuzi Rachel Carson nke afọ 2004 maka nzukọ American Geophysical Union. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=AGU Abstract Browser|url=https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=abstractsearch.agu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rachel Carson Lecture {{!}} AGU|url=https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=www.agu.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nnyocha ==
Nnyocha Gargett gụnyere ọgba aghara &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A E|date=1989|title=Ocean Turbulence|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.002223|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=21|issue=1|pages=419–451|doi=10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.002223|issn=0066-4189}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebili mmiri dị n'ime, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1984-02-01|title=Dissipation and diffusion by internal wave breaking|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmr/jmr/1984/00000042/00000001/art00002;jsessionid=qbnc5f2bq50d.x-ic-live-01|journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=42|issue=1|pages=15–27|doi=10.1357/002224084788506158}}&lt;/ref&gt; na njikọ dị n'etiti ngwakọta na kọlụm mmiri na usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K L|date=1995|title=Biological-Physical Interactions in the Upper Ocean: The Role of Vertical and Small Scale Transport Processes|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001301|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=27|issue=1|pages=225–256|doi=10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001301|issn=0066-4189}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nnyocha ya banyere ọkwa ọgba aghara na mmiri na-adịghị omimi  achọpụtala Langmuir supercells, ma ọ bụ nnukwu mgbasa Langmuir, nke na-akpata ngwakọta dị ukwuu nke sediment na mpaghara dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=2007-04-10|title=Langmuir turbulence in shallow water. Part 1. Observations|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022112006004575/type/journal_article|journal=Journal of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=576|pages=27–61|doi=10.1017/S0022112006004575|issn=0022-1120}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A.|date=2004-12-10|title=Langmuir Supercells: A Mechanism for Sediment Resuspension and Transport in Shallow Seas|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1100849|journal=Science|language=en|volume=306|issue=5703|pages=1925–1928|doi=10.1126/science.1100849|pmid=15591200|issn=0036-8075}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ịrụ ọrụ ya na ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ,  Gargett enyochaala otu mmegharị kwụ ọtọ nke phytoplankton na ime kọlụm mmiri si emetụta nnweta ìhè. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K. L.|date=1983|title=Time and space scales of vertical mixing and advection of phytoplankton in the upper ocean|url=https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=28|issue=5|pages=801–815|doi=10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|issn=1939-5590}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ tụrụ aro 'windo nkwụsi ike kachasị mma nke tụlere otú nkwụsi ike nke kọlụm mmiri si ekpebi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti  ụbara azụ na ike nke Aleutian Low.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=The optimal stability 'window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|issn=1365-2419}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=Physics to Fish: Interactions Between Physics and Biology on a Variety of Scales|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43924818|journal=Oceanography|volume=10|issue=3|pages=128–131|doi=10.5670/oceanog.1997.05|issn=1042-8275}}&lt;/ref&gt; Njikọ dị n'etiti fizikis na azụ e nyochara n'akwụkwọ a welitere ajụjụ gbasara oghere dị na sayensị mmiri nke a ga-eleba anya iji mee nnyocha ọzọ iji jikọta ịkụ azụ na nyocha oke osimiri a na-ahụ anya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Baumann|first=Michael|date=1998|title=The fallacy of the missing middle: physics →…→ fisheries|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1998.00048.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=7|issue=1|pages=63–65|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1998.00048.x|issn=1365-2419}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mbipụta ahọpụta a họọrọ ===

* {{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A. E.|date=1984-05-01|title=Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmr/jmr/1984/00000042/00000002/art00005;jsessionid=1b49wd2jt5oj7.x-ic-live-03|journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=42|issue=2|pages=359–393|doi=10.1357/002224084788502756}}
* {{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=The optimal stability 'window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|issn=1365-2419}}
* {{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K. L.|date=1983|title=Time and space scales of vertical mixing and advection of phytoplankton in the upper ocean|url=https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=28|issue=5|pages=801–815|doi=10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|issn=1939-5590}}

== Ihe nrite ==

* Fellow, Science Academy nke Royal Society of Canada (1991) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Member Directory {{!}} The Royal Society of Canada|url=https://rsc-src.ca/en/find-rsc-member/results?combine=&amp;first_name=ann&amp;last_name=gargett&amp;current_employer=&amp;academy_25=All&amp;is_deceased=All|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=rsc-src.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* H. Burr Steinbach Nleta Ọkà mmụta, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1991) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Past Visiting Scholars – MIT-WHOI Joint Program|url=https://mit.whoi.edu/campus-life/events/steinbach/steinbach-past-visiting-scholars/|accessdate=2021-05-31|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Rachel Carson Lecture, American Geophysical Union (2004) &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=AGU Abstract Browser|url=https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=abstractsearch.agu.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html &quot;AGU Abstract Browser&quot;]. ''abstractsearch.agu.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2021-05-29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rachel Carson Lecture {{!}} AGU|url=https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=www.agu.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture &quot;Rachel Carson Lecture | AGU&quot;]. ''www.agu.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2021-05-29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe nrite Tully, Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Award - CMOS-SCMO {{!}} Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society {{!}} La Société canadienne de météorologie et d'océanographie|url=https://www.cmos.ca/site/awards?a=10|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=www.cmos.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe nrite Willet G. Miller, Royal Society of Canada (2018) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Past Award Winners {{!}} The Royal Society of Canada|url=https://rsc-src.ca/en/awards-excellence/past-award-winners|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=rsc-src.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Onyinye ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Mahadum Manitoba (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=February 3, 2021|title=Meet our 2021 Honoured Science Alumni|url=https://news.umanitoba.ca/meet-our-2021-honoured-science-alumni/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
&lt;references /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ann Gargettmbipụta ndị edepụtara site naOnye Ọkà mmụta Google
* Munk Centennial Symposium: May 15, 2017, Ann GargettnaYouTube
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'''Ann Gargett''' bụ onye ọkachamara n' ihe  gbasara oke osimiri nke si Canada, onye a maara maka nyocha ya na ịtụle oke ọgba aghara na mmetụta ya na usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmiri.

== Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ==
Gargett nwere B.Sc. na mgbakọ na mwepụ na fizikis site na Mahadum Manitoba (1966) na Ph.D. na fizikis site na Mahadum nke  British Columbia (1970).  N'ikpeazụ, o nwetara agụmakwụkwọ postdoctoral na NATO na National Institute of Oceanography (na United Kingdom) ma bụrụ onye otu  Green's Fellow na Scripps Institution of Oceanography . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Green Scholars: Past and Present|url=https://igpp.ucsd.edu/greenfoundation/past-scholars|work=Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nweela ọtụtụ ọkwa na Institute of Ocean Sciences ma malite na 2008 ọ bụ emerita ọkà mmụta sayensị dị elu . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gargett CV|url=http://www.ccpo.odu.edu/Facstaff/faculty/gargett_vita.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2001, ọ sonyeere Mahadum Old Dominion dị ka prọfesọ wee ghọọ emerita prọfesọ n'afọ 2008.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Ọ bụkwa osote prọfesọ na Skidaway Institute of Oceanography . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; N'afọ 2021, Gargett nọ na ngalaba na Semester at Sea ma bụrụkwa onye nchọpụta sayensị dị elu na Canadian Institute of Ocean Sciences . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ann Gargett|url=https://www.semesteratsea.org/faculty-and-staff/ann-gargett/|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=Semester at Sea|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gargett bụ onye a kpọrọ òkù ka ọ bụrụ ọkà okwu n'ozuzu maka mmeghe  nzukọ nke The Oceanography Society na 1989, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Wilson|first=Stan|date=1989|title=The Inaugural Meeting of The Oceanography Society|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43924452|journal=Oceanography|volume=2|issue=1|pages=40–42|doi=10.5670/oceanog.1989.32|issn=1042-8275}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye ọkà okwu na Munk Centennial Symposium na Mee 15, 2017, ma Nye okwu nkuzi Rachel Carson nke afọ 2004 maka nzukọ American Geophysical Union. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Nnyocha ==
Nnyocha Gargett gụnyere ọgba aghara &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A E|date=1989|title=Ocean Turbulence|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.002223|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=21|issue=1|pages=419–451|doi=10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.002223|issn=0066-4189}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebili mmiri dị n'ime, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1984-02-01|title=Dissipation and diffusion by internal wave breaking|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmr/jmr/1984/00000042/00000001/art00002;jsessionid=qbnc5f2bq50d.x-ic-live-01|journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=42|issue=1|pages=15–27|doi=10.1357/002224084788506158}}&lt;/ref&gt; na njikọ dị n'etiti ngwakọta na kọlụm mmiri na usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K L|date=1995|title=Biological-Physical Interactions in the Upper Ocean: The Role of Vertical and Small Scale Transport Processes|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001301|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=27|issue=1|pages=225–256|doi=10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001301|issn=0066-4189}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nnyocha ya banyere ọkwa ọgba aghara na mmiri na-adịghị omimi  achọpụtala Langmuir supercells, ma ọ bụ nnukwu mgbasa Langmuir, nke na-akpata ngwakọta dị ukwuu nke sediment na mpaghara dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=2007-04-10|title=Langmuir turbulence in shallow water. Part 1. Observations|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022112006004575/type/journal_article|journal=Journal of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=576|pages=27–61|doi=10.1017/S0022112006004575|issn=0022-1120}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A.|date=2004-12-10|title=Langmuir Supercells: A Mechanism for Sediment Resuspension and Transport in Shallow Seas|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1100849|journal=Science|language=en|volume=306|issue=5703|pages=1925–1928|doi=10.1126/science.1100849|pmid=15591200|issn=0036-8075}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ịrụ ọrụ ya na ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ,  Gargett enyochaala otu mmegharị kwụ ọtọ nke phytoplankton na ime kọlụm mmiri si emetụta nnweta ìhè. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K. L.|date=1983|title=Time and space scales of vertical mixing and advection of phytoplankton in the upper ocean|url=https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=28|issue=5|pages=801–815|doi=10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|issn=1939-5590}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ tụrụ aro 'windo nkwụsi ike kachasị mma nke tụlere otú nkwụsi ike nke kọlụm mmiri si ekpebi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti  ụbara azụ na ike nke Aleutian Low.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=The optimal stability 'window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|issn=1365-2419}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=Physics to Fish: Interactions Between Physics and Biology on a Variety of Scales|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43924818|journal=Oceanography|volume=10|issue=3|pages=128–131|doi=10.5670/oceanog.1997.05|issn=1042-8275}}&lt;/ref&gt; Njikọ dị n'etiti fizikis na azụ e nyochara n'akwụkwọ a welitere ajụjụ gbasara oghere dị na sayensị mmiri nke a ga-eleba anya iji mee nnyocha ọzọ iji jikọta ịkụ azụ na nyocha oke osimiri a na-ahụ anya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Baumann|first=Michael|date=1998|title=The fallacy of the missing middle: physics →…→ fisheries|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1998.00048.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=7|issue=1|pages=63–65|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1998.00048.x|issn=1365-2419}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mbipụta ahọpụta a họọrọ ===

* {{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A. E.|date=1984-05-01|title=Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmr/jmr/1984/00000042/00000002/art00005;jsessionid=1b49wd2jt5oj7.x-ic-live-03|journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=42|issue=2|pages=359–393|doi=10.1357/002224084788502756}}
* {{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=The optimal stability 'window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|issn=1365-2419}}
* {{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K. L.|date=1983|title=Time and space scales of vertical mixing and advection of phytoplankton in the upper ocean|url=https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=28|issue=5|pages=801–815|doi=10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|issn=1939-5590}}

== Ihe nrite ==

* Fellow, Science Academy nke Royal Society of Canada (1991) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Member Directory {{!}} The Royal Society of Canada|url=https://rsc-src.ca/en/find-rsc-member/results?combine=&amp;first_name=ann&amp;last_name=gargett&amp;current_employer=&amp;academy_25=All&amp;is_deceased=All|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=rsc-src.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* H. Burr Steinbach Nleta Ọkà mmụta, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1991) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Past Visiting Scholars – MIT-WHOI Joint Program|url=https://mit.whoi.edu/campus-life/events/steinbach/steinbach-past-visiting-scholars/|accessdate=2021-05-31|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Rachel Carson Lecture, American Geophysical Union (2004) &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=AGU Abstract Browser|url=https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=abstractsearch.agu.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html &quot;AGU Abstract Browser&quot;]. ''abstractsearch.agu.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2021-05-29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rachel Carson Lecture {{!}} AGU|url=https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=www.agu.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture &quot;Rachel Carson Lecture | AGU&quot;]. ''www.agu.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2021-05-29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe nrite Tully, Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Award - CMOS-SCMO {{!}} Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society {{!}} La Société canadienne de météorologie et d'océanographie|url=https://www.cmos.ca/site/awards?a=10|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=www.cmos.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe nrite Willet G. Miller, Royal Society of Canada (2018) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Past Award Winners {{!}} The Royal Society of Canada|url=https://rsc-src.ca/en/awards-excellence/past-award-winners|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=rsc-src.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Onyinye ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Mahadum Manitoba (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=February 3, 2021|title=Meet our 2021 Honoured Science Alumni|url=https://news.umanitoba.ca/meet-our-2021-honoured-science-alumni/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
&lt;references /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ann Gargettmbipụta ndị edepụtara site naOnye Ọkà mmụta Google
* Munk Centennial Symposium: May 15, 2017, Ann GargettnaYouTube
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
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'''Ann Gargett''' bụ onye ọkachamara n' ihe  gbasara oke osimiri nke si Canada, onye a maara maka nyocha ya na ịtụle oke ọgba aghara na mmetụta ya na usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmiri.

== Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ==
Gargett nwere B.Sc. na mgbakọ na mwepụ na fizikis site na Mahadum Manitoba (1966) na Ph.D. na fizikis site na Mahadum nke  British Columbia (1970).  N'ikpeazụ, o nwetara agụmakwụkwọ postdoctoral na NATO na National Institute of Oceanography (na United Kingdom) ma bụrụ onye otu  Green's Fellow na Scripps Institution of Oceanography . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Green Scholars: Past and Present|url=https://igpp.ucsd.edu/greenfoundation/past-scholars|work=Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nweela ọtụtụ ọkwa na Institute of Ocean Sciences ma malite na 2008 ọ bụ emerita ọkà mmụta sayensị dị elu . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gargett CV|url=http://www.ccpo.odu.edu/Facstaff/faculty/gargett_vita.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 2001, ọ sonyeere Mahadum Old Dominion dị ka prọfesọ wee ghọọ emerita prọfesọ n'afọ 2008.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Ọ bụkwa osote prọfesọ na Skidaway Institute of Oceanography . &lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; N'afọ 2021, Gargett nọ na ngalaba na Semester at Sea ma bụrụkwa onye nchọpụta sayensị dị elu na Canadian Institute of Ocean Sciences . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ann Gargett|url=https://www.semesteratsea.org/faculty-and-staff/ann-gargett/|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=Semester at Sea|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gargett bụ onye a kpọrọ òkù ka ọ bụrụ ọkà okwu n'ozuzu maka mmeghe  nzukọ nke The Oceanography Society na 1989, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Wilson|first=Stan|date=1989|title=The Inaugural Meeting of The Oceanography Society|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43924452|journal=Oceanography|volume=2|issue=1|pages=40–42|doi=10.5670/oceanog.1989.32|issn=1042-8275}}&lt;/ref&gt; onye ọkà okwu na Munk Centennial Symposium na Mee 15, 2017, ma Nye okwu nkuzi Rachel Carson nke afọ 2004 maka nzukọ American Geophysical Union. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Nnyocha ==
Nnyocha Gargett gụnyere ọgba aghara &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A E|date=1989|title=Ocean Turbulence|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.002223|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=21|issue=1|pages=419–451|doi=10.1146/annurev.fl.21.010189.002223|issn=0066-4189}}&lt;/ref&gt; ebili mmiri dị n'ime, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1984-02-01|title=Dissipation and diffusion by internal wave breaking|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmr/jmr/1984/00000042/00000001/art00002;jsessionid=qbnc5f2bq50d.x-ic-live-01|journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=42|issue=1|pages=15–27|doi=10.1357/002224084788506158}}&lt;/ref&gt; na njikọ dị n'etiti ngwakọta na kọlụm mmiri na usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K L|date=1995|title=Biological-Physical Interactions in the Upper Ocean: The Role of Vertical and Small Scale Transport Processes|url=http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001301|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=27|issue=1|pages=225–256|doi=10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.001301|issn=0066-4189}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nnyocha ya banyere ọkwa ọgba aghara na mmiri na-adịghị omimi  achọpụtala Langmuir supercells, ma ọ bụ nnukwu mgbasa Langmuir, nke na-akpata ngwakọta dị ukwuu nke sediment na mpaghara dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=2007-04-10|title=Langmuir turbulence in shallow water. Part 1. Observations|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022112006004575/type/journal_article|journal=Journal of Fluid Mechanics|language=en|volume=576|pages=27–61|doi=10.1017/S0022112006004575|issn=0022-1120}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A.|date=2004-12-10|title=Langmuir Supercells: A Mechanism for Sediment Resuspension and Transport in Shallow Seas|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1100849|journal=Science|language=en|volume=306|issue=5703|pages=1925–1928|doi=10.1126/science.1100849|pmid=15591200|issn=0036-8075}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ịrụ ọrụ ya na ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ,  Gargett enyochaala otu mmegharị kwụ ọtọ nke phytoplankton na ime kọlụm mmiri si emetụta nnweta ìhè. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K. L.|date=1983|title=Time and space scales of vertical mixing and advection of phytoplankton in the upper ocean|url=https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=28|issue=5|pages=801–815|doi=10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|issn=1939-5590}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ tụrụ aro 'windo nkwụsi ike kachasị mma nke tụlere otú nkwụsi ike nke kọlụm mmiri si ekpebi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti  ụbara azụ na ike nke Aleutian Low.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=The optimal stability 'window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|issn=1365-2419}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=Physics to Fish: Interactions Between Physics and Biology on a Variety of Scales|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43924818|journal=Oceanography|volume=10|issue=3|pages=128–131|doi=10.5670/oceanog.1997.05|issn=1042-8275}}&lt;/ref&gt; Njikọ dị n'etiti fizikis na azụ e nyochara n'akwụkwọ a welitere ajụjụ gbasara oghere dị na sayensị mmiri nke a ga-eleba anya iji mee nnyocha ọzọ iji jikọta ịkụ azụ na nyocha oke osimiri a na-ahụ anya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Baumann|first=Michael|date=1998|title=The fallacy of the missing middle: physics →…→ fisheries|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1998.00048.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=7|issue=1|pages=63–65|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1998.00048.x|issn=1365-2419}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mbipụta a họọrọ ===

* {{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=A. E.|date=1984-05-01|title=Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jmr/jmr/1984/00000042/00000002/art00005;jsessionid=1b49wd2jt5oj7.x-ic-live-03|journal=Journal of Marine Research|volume=42|issue=2|pages=359–393|doi=10.1357/002224084788502756}}
* {{Cite journal|author=Gargett|first=Ann E.|date=1997|title=The optimal stability 'window': a mechanism underlying decadal fluctuations in North Pacific salmon stocks?|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|journal=Fisheries Oceanography|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2419.1997.00033.x|issn=1365-2419}}
* {{Cite journal|author=Denman|first=K. L.|date=1983|title=Time and space scales of vertical mixing and advection of phytoplankton in the upper ocean|url=https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|journal=Limnology and Oceanography|language=en|volume=28|issue=5|pages=801–815|doi=10.4319/lo.1983.28.5.0801|issn=1939-5590}}

== Ihe nrite ==

* Fellow, Science Academy nke Royal Society of Canada (1991) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Member Directory {{!}} The Royal Society of Canada|url=https://rsc-src.ca/en/find-rsc-member/results?combine=&amp;first_name=ann&amp;last_name=gargett&amp;current_employer=&amp;academy_25=All&amp;is_deceased=All|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=rsc-src.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* H. Burr Steinbach Nleta Ọkà mmụta, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1991) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Past Visiting Scholars – MIT-WHOI Joint Program|url=https://mit.whoi.edu/campus-life/events/steinbach/steinbach-past-visiting-scholars/|accessdate=2021-05-31|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Rachel Carson Lecture, American Geophysical Union (2004) &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=AGU Abstract Browser|url=https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=abstractsearch.agu.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2004/SM/OS44A-01.html &quot;AGU Abstract Browser&quot;]. ''abstractsearch.agu.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2021-05-29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Rachel Carson Lecture {{!}} AGU|url=https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture|accessdate=2021-05-29|work=www.agu.org}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.agu.org/Honor-and-Recognize/Honors/Section-Awards/Carson-Lecture &quot;Rachel Carson Lecture | AGU&quot;]. ''www.agu.org''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;2021-05-29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe nrite Tully, Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (2015) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Award - CMOS-SCMO {{!}} Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society {{!}} La Société canadienne de météorologie et d'océanographie|url=https://www.cmos.ca/site/awards?a=10|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=www.cmos.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ihe nrite Willet G. Miller, Royal Society of Canada (2018) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Past Award Winners {{!}} The Royal Society of Canada|url=https://rsc-src.ca/en/awards-excellence/past-award-winners|accessdate=2021-05-31|work=rsc-src.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Onyinye ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Mahadum Manitoba (2021) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=February 3, 2021|title=Meet our 2021 Honoured Science Alumni|url=https://news.umanitoba.ca/meet-our-2021-honoured-science-alumni/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Edensibia ==
{{Reflist}}
&lt;references /&gt;

== Njikọ mpụga ==

* Ann Gargettmbipụta ndị edepụtara site naOnye Ọkà mmụta Google
* Munk Centennial Symposium: May 15, 2017, Ann GargettnaYouTube
[[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]]
[[Otú:Articles with hCards]]</text>
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    <title>Women's studies</title>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352525863|Women's studies]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị''' bụ ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ nke na-adabere na usoro ụmụ nwanyị na interdisciplinary iji tinye ndụ na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị n'etiti ọmụmụ ihe, ka ọ na-enyocha mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ọdịbendị nke okike; usoro nke ihe ùgwù na mmegbu; na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ike na okike ka ha na-agbakọta na njirimara ndị ọzọ na ebe mmekọrịta mmadụ na nna dị ka agbụrụ, mmasị mmekọahụ, klas mmekọrịta mmadụ na ụba, na nkwarụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Women's voices, feminist visions: classic and contemporary readings|author=Shaw|first=Susan M.|isbn=978-0078027000|edition=Sixth|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York, NY|oclc=862041473|date=23 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Echiche ndị a ma ama ndị metụtara ngalaba ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị gụnyere Echiche ụmụ nwanyị, Echiche echiche, intersectionality, multiculturalism, transnational femism, ikpe ziri ezi, Matrixial anya, mmetụta ọmụmụ, ụlọ ọrụ, bio-politics, materialism, na embodiment.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory|year=2018|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0190872823|oclc=1002116432}}&lt;/ref&gt; Omume nyocha na usoro ndị metụtara ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị gụnyere ethnography, autoethnography, ìgwè ndị na-elekwasị anya, nyocha, nyocha nke obodo, nyocha okwu, na omume ịgụ ihe metụtara Echiche dị oke egwu, post-structuralism, na echiche nke nwoke. &lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Feminist research practice: a primer|author=Hesse-Biber|first=Sharlene Nagy|isbn=9781412994972|edition=Second|publisher=SAGE Publications|location=Thousand Oaks, CA|oclc=838201827|date=18 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ubi ahụ na-eme nchọpụta ma na-akatọ ụkpụrụ ọha na eze dị iche iche nke okike, agbụrụ, ọkwa, mmekọahụ, na enweghị nhata ndị ọzọ.

Ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị nwere njikọ na ngalaba nke [[Gender studies|Ọmụmụ okike]], ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị, na ọmụmụ mmekọahụ, yana ihe jikọrọ ya na ngalaba nke mmụta ọdịbendị, Ọmụmụ agbụrụ, na Ọmụmụ Africa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Women's studies on its own: a next wave reader in institutional change|date=2002|publisher=Duke University Press|author=Wiegman|first=Robyn|isbn=9780822329862|location=Durham|oclc=49421587|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780822329862}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A na-enye ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị ugbu a n'ihe karịrị narị asaa ụlọ ọrụ na United States, na n'ụwa niile n'ihe nkiri iri anọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Transforming Scholarship: Why Women's and Gender Studies Students Are Changing Themselves and the World|author=Berger|first=Michele Tracy|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|isbn=978-0-415-83653-1|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Akụkọ ihe mere eme ==

=== Afrịka ===
Ikpochapụ ụmụ nwanyị na ọrụ ha na Africa dị mgbagwoju anya. Mgbe echiche ụmụ nwanyị pụtara na 1980s, o lekwasịrị anya na ịnapụta ụmụ nwanyị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Afrịka nke ọchịchị ndị nna ochie na &quot;usoro mmekọrịta ndị nna nna&quot; hapụrụ n'Africa site n'oge ndị nna ochie.[1]. : 12 N'ihi usoro kwadoro agụmakwụkwọ nwoke karịa agụmakwụkwọ nwanyị, n'oge nnwere onwe, enwere obere ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịgụ na ide. A na-agba ndị na-enweghị ike ume ka ha bụrụ ndị ọkachamara ma na-arụkarị ọrụ iji dozie nsogbu mmụta na nsogbu ndị ọzọ na-eche ụmụ nwanyị ihu na 1960 na 1970. Ọgbọ nke mbụ nke ndị ọkà mmụta lekwasịrị anya na iguzobe na ịkwado akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Africa. 13 Ha na-ejikwa ma echiche ọdịda anyanwụ banyere okike dịka ha na-etinye aka na Africa ma ọ bụ echiche nwoke na nwanyị tupu oge ọchịchị.[1] :  14–15 : 14–15

Ọrụ Ifi Amadiume bụ ụmụ nwanyị nwoke, di nwanyị (1987) na Oyeronke Oyewumi's The Invention of Women (1997) bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ mbụ nke chọrọ inyocha echiche nwoke na nwanyị na Africa. 14  Na 1977, e hiwere Association of African Women for Research and Development (AAWORD) iji kwalite nyocha na ụmụ nwanyị Africa site na ụmụ nwanyị Africa. Ndị ọkà mmụta jikọrọ aka na nzukọ a sitere na ntọala ya gụnyere: Simi Afonja (Nigeria), N'Dri Thérèse Assié-Lumumba (Ivory Coast), (Bolanle Awe (Nigeria), Nawal El Saadawi (Egypt), Nina Mba (Nigeria), Omolara Ogundipe-Leslie (Nigeria), Acholanya Palanya (Siisie Pala) , Simi Afonja (Nigeria) Fatou Sow (Senegal), na Zenebework Tadesse (Ethiopia) .  15  Ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ sonyeere Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era (DAWN), netwọk maka ụmụ nwanyị agụmakwụkwọ na ndị na-eme ihe ike lekwasịrị anya na Global South, nke e kere na 1984.  15  Ndị ọkà mmụta Africa n'etiti ndị na-emepụta DAWN (Ketemaro) Marie-Angélique Savané (Senegal). Ghana hiwere mmemme Development na Women's Studies (DAWS) na 1989, nke site na 1996 nyere ma mmụta mmụta mahadum na nke gụsịrị akwụkwọ.[4]: 415  Mgbe ọdịda nke Apartheid gasịrị, Mahadum Cape Town, South Africa hiwere African Gender Institute na 1996 iji kwado nyocha na ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị na Africa, site na ngalaba 200 Mahadum (Uganda), Mahadum Buea (Cameroon), na Mahadum Zambia (Zambia).

=== Amerịka ===
Emere usoro ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị izizi na US na 1969 na Mahadum Cornell. Mgbe otu afọ nke nhazi kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke òtù ụmụ nwanyị na-ewelite mmụọ, ngagharị iwe, mkpesa mkpesa, na ịrụ ọrụ na-abụghị iwu ma ọ bụ klaasị nnwale na ngosi n'ihu kọmitii na mgbakọ asaa, mmemme mmụta ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na United States malitere na 1970 na San Diego State College (nke bụ Mahadum San Diego State ugbu a). Na njikọ na National Women's Liberation Movement, ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị otu obodo kere kọmitii ad hoc maka ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ nwanyị. E hiwere mmemme mmụta ụmụ nwanyị nke abụọ na United States na 1971 na Wichita State University dị na Wichita, Kansas. Emebere ya nke ukwuu site n'ọtụtụ mbọ nke ụmụ nwanyị na ngalaba bekee, nchịkwa na n'ime obodo. Kọleji nke Staten Island bụ Mahadum United States izizi gụsịrị nwa akwụkwọ nwere nzere bachelọ nke Arts na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ihi mbọ nke prọfesọ feminist Phyllis Chesler. Ka ọ na-erule 1974, ndị otu ngalaba Mahadum San Diego State malitere mkpọsa mba niile maka ntinye nke ngalaba ahụ. N'oge ahụ, omume ndị a na ubi bụ nnọọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Tupu ngalaba na mmemme ahaziri ahazi, ọtụtụ ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ ụmụnwanyị ka a na-akpọsa n'amaghị ama n'ofe ụlọ akwụkwọ wee kuziere ya site n'aka ụmụ nwanyị ngalaba - na-akwụghị ụgwọ - na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nkuzi na nhazi ha hibere. Mgbe ahụ, dị ka ọ dị n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ taa, ngalaba na-akụzi na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-ejikarị oge nhọpụta ngalaba na ngalaba ndị ọzọ na campus.

Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọkà mmụta mbụ na ''Ọmụmụ Ụmụ nwanyị'', Feminist Studies, malitere ibipụta na 1972. &lt;ref name=&quot;FSAboutUs2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.feministstudies.org/aboutfs/history.html|title=History|publisher=Feminist Studies|accessdate=30 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; E guzobere National Women's Studies Association (nke United States) na 1977. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nwsa.org/content.asp?pl=19&amp;contentid=19|title=NWSA|work=nwsa.org|accessdate=26 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1977, e nwere mmemme ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị 276 na mba niile na United States. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmemme mụbara n'ime afọ iri sochirinụ, na-eto ruo mmemme 530 na 1989, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=December 2007|title=A National Census of Women's Studies Programs|url=https://www.nwsa.org/Files/Resources/NWSA_CensusonWSProgs.pdf|journal=NORC Project|pages=25}}&lt;/ref&gt; nke gụnyere mmemme na Mahadum Puerto Rico nke Margarita Benítez guzobere na 1986. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Rodríguez|first=Jorge|title=El feminism llevado a la práctica|url=https://gpa.eastview.com/crl/elmundo/?a=d&amp;d=mndo19900903-01.1.32&amp;srpos=5&amp;e=-------en-25-mndo-1--img-txIN-%22Margarita+Beni%cc%81tez%22---------|accessdate=17 April 2023|work=[[El Mundo (Puerto Rico)|El Mundo]]|date=3 September 1990|page=32|language=Spanish}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'ihe dị ka afọ 1980, mahadum dị na US hụrụ uto na mmepe nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na mmemme gafee mba ahụ ebe ngalaba ahụ nọgidere na-alụ ọgụ na mmeghachi omume sitere n'aka ndị otu abụọ na nchegbu sitere n'etiti ndị nọ n'òtù ụmụ nwanyị banyere ndị ọcha, existentialist, na Ihe ùgwù nwoke na nwanyị nke ndị nọ n&quot;ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/evolutionofameri0000unse/page/16|title=The evolution of American women's studies: reflections on triumphs, controversies, and change|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2008|isbn=9780230605794|editor=Ginsberg|edition=1st|location=New York|oclc=224444238}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na Canada A kụziri ọmụmụ mahadum ole na ole mbụ na Women's Studies na mbido afọ 1970. N'afọ 1984, gọọmentị etiti guzobere oche ise e nyere na Women's Studies maka mpaghara ọ bụla nke mba ahụ na:

* Mahadum Simon Fraser (British Columbia),
* Mahadum nke Winnipeg na Mahadum Manitoba (Prairies, oche jikọrọ ọnụ) 
* Mahadum Carleton na Mahadum Ottawa (Ontario, oche jikọrọ aka),
* Mahadum Laval (Quebec), na
* Mahadum Mount St Vincent (Atlantic Canada). 

N'otu oge ahụ, ụmụ nwanyị agụmakwụkwọ na Latin America malitere ịmepụta ìgwè ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị. &lt;ref name=&quot;Arango&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Arango Gaviria|first=Luz Gabriela|editor=Gil Hernández|title=Feminismos y estudios de género en Colombia: un campo académico y político en movimiento|url=http://www.codajic.org/sites/default/files/sites/www.codajic.org/files/Feminismo%20y%20Estudios%20de%20G%C3%A9nero%20en%20Colombia.pdf|date=2018|edition=Primeraición|publisher=[[National University of Colombia]] Press|location=Bogotá, Colombia|language=Spanish|chapter=Un proyecto académico feminista en mutación: la Escuela de Estudios de Género de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia [A Feminist Academic Project in Mutation: The School of Gender Studies of the National University of Colombia]|pages=17–38|isbn=978-958-783-334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; : 17  &lt;ref name=&quot;Cienciágora&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt;|title=Florence Thomas|url=https://cienciagora.universia.net.co/infodetail/ciencias-sociales-afines/galeria_de_cientificos/florence-thomas-336.html|work=Cienciágora|publisher=[[Universia]]|accessdate=22 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422200008/https://cienciagora.universia.net.co/infodetail/ciencias-sociales-afines/galeria_de_cientificos/florence-thomas-336.html|archivedate=22 April 2022|language=Spanish|date=7 March 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; E mepụtara oche mbụ nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na Mexico na ngalaba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke National Autonomous University of Mexico na 1970.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lozano Rubello&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Lozano Rubello|first=Gabriela|title=Los estudios de género en la UBA y la UNAM: una conquista del feminismo académico|journal=Universidades|date=October 2019|volume=70|issue=81|pages=45–54|url=https://www.redalyc.org/journal/373/37361142006/html/|accessdate=23 April 2022|doi=10.36888/udual.universidades.2019.81.36|language=Spanish|issn=0041-8935}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malite na 1979, Grupo Autónomo de Mujeres Universitarias (GAMU, Autonomous Group of University Women), nke gụnyere ma ngalaba Mexico na ụmụ akwụkwọ malitere izute oge ụfọdụ iji kwurịta otú e si ewebata ụmụ nwanyị na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche gafee mba ahụ. N'afọ 1982, e mepụtara mmemme ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco . &lt;ref name=&quot;Lozano Rubello&quot; /&gt; N'otu aka ahụ na 1983, ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na òtù ụmụ nwanyị nke Mexico, gụnyere Lourdes Arizpe, Flora Botton, na Elena Urrutia, guzobere Programa Interdisciplinario de Estudios de la Mujer (PIEG, Interdisciplinary Women's Studies Program) na El Colegio de México na Mexico City.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Poy Solano|first=Laura|title=Reconoce el Colmex a tres pioneras de los estudios de género|url=https://www.jornada.com.mx/notas/2021/03/11/politica/reconoce-el-colmex-a-tres-pioneras-de-los-estudios-de-genero/|accessdate=11 April 2022|work=[[La Jornada]]|date=11 March 2021|language=Spanish}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1984, ndị ọkà mmụta guzobere Centro de Estudios de la Mujer (Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọmụmụ Ụmụ nwanyị) na ngalaba nkà mmụta uche na Mahadum National Autonomous nke Mexico. A kwadoro ngalaba ahụ site na ịmepụta Programa Universitario de Estudios de Género (PUEG, University Program on Gender Studies) na 1992, na agbamume nke ndị ọkà mmụta dị ka Gloria Careaga, Teresita nke Barbieri, Graciela Hierro [es], [[Araceli Mingo]], [[Lorenia Parada]], na [[Alicia Elena Pérez Duarte]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Lozano Rubello&quot; /&gt;

Ndị na-eme ihe ike na ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Chile malitere nzukọ na 1978 na ịmepụta Círculo de la Mujer (Ogige Ụmụ nwanyị). N'afọ 1984, ha tọrọ ntọala Centro de Estudios de la Mujer (CEM, Center for Women's Studies) na Santiago iji kwado ọtụtụ ọzụzụ gbasara ụmụ nwanyị na okike. N'otu afọ ahụ, Virginia Vargas malitere ịkụzi ihe ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na Peru, n'afọ sokwa ya, ya na Virginia Guzmán Barcos na ndị ọzọ, tọrọ ntọala Flora Tristán Peruvian Women's Center.[3] Gama, Guiomar Dueñas Vargas, Florence Thomas, Magdalena León Gómez, María Martínez, Donny Meertens, Yolanda Puyana Villamizar [wikidata], María Himelda Ramírez na Ana Rico de Alonso rụrụ ọrụ iji mepụta ngalaba interdisciplinary nke ọmụmụ nwanyị na Colombia. 17  Nke mbụ ha zutere n'amaghị ama, wee nwee ike nweta nkwado gọọmentị na 1985 dị ka Grupo de Estudios Mujer y Sociedad (Women &amp; Society Study Group) na n'ikpeazụ na 1994, ha malitere Programa de Estudios de Género, Mujer y Desarrollo (PGMD, Gender, Women and Society Study Group) 17

N'afọ 1985, ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na [[Argentina]] malitere &quot;Introduction to Women's Studies&quot; na nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe, &quot;La construcción social del género sexual&quot; (The Social Construction of Sexual Gender) na Mahadum Buenos Aires. N'afọ 1987, [[María Fernández (academic)|María Fernández]] ghọrọ onye isi oche nke UBA's degree program na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị. N'afọ 1992, e guzobere Area Interdisciplinaria de Estudios de la Mujer (AIEM, Interdisciplinary Area of Women's Studies), nke ghọrọ Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios d'Género (Interdisciplinary Institute of Gender Studies) n'afọ 1997, na UBA na-ejikọ ndị ọkà mmụta si na ngalaba nke Arts, Anthropology, Classics and Letters, Education, History, Languages, na Philosophy iji kwalite nyocha sara mbara na nyocha nke ụmụ nwanyị na ngalaba ndị a.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lozano Rubello&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Lozano Rubello|first=Gabriela|title=Los estudios de género en la UBA y la UNAM: una conquista del feminismo académico|journal=Universidades|date=October 2019|volume=70|issue=81|pages=45–54|url=https://www.redalyc.org/journal/373/37361142006/html/|accessdate=23 April 2022|doi=10.36888/udual.universidades.2019.81.36|language=Spanish|issn=0041-8935}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hilda Habichayn guzobere {{Lang|es|Centro de Estudios Históricos sobre las Mujeres|italic=no}} (Center for Historical Studies on Women), nke malitere na 1993 iji nye nzere masta mbụ na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na Latin America.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=&lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt;|title=Murió Hilda Habichayn, reconocida docente de la UNR y activista por la igualdad de género|url=https://www.lacapital.com.ar/la-ciudad/murio-hilda-habichayn-reconocida-docente-la-unr-y-activista-la-igualdad-genero-n2660403.html|accessdate=6 April 2023|work=[[La Capital]]|date=12 May 2021|language=Spanish}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Arrabal|first=Victoria|title=Académicas con la lupa en el género|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/179655-academicas-con-la-lupa-en-el-genero|accessdate=6 April 2023|work=[[Página 12]]|date=9 March 2019|language=Spanish}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Usoro ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na [[Paraguay]] bụ {{Lang|es|Centro Paraguayo de estudios de la Mujer}} (Paraguayan Center of Women's Studies) na Universidad Católica &quot;Nuestra Señora de la Asunción&quot;. Ọ bụ [[Olga Caballero]], [[Manuelita Escobar]], [[Marilyn Godoy]] na [[Edy Irigoitia]] guzobere ya na 1983.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|author=González de Bosio|first=Beatriz|title=Dia de la mujer paraguaya 24 de ferbrero|url=http://corredordelasideas.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Mujer-Paraguaya-Ampliado.pdf|work=Corredor de las Ideas|publisher=Corridor of Ideas of the Southern Cone-X International Colloquium of Political Philosophy|accessdate=25 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425174507/http://corredordelasideas.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Mujer-Paraguaya-Ampliado.pdf|archivedate=25 April 2023|language=Spanish|date=March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; The {{Lang|es|Grupo de Estudios de la Mujer Paraguaya|italic=no}} (GEMPA, Paraguayan Women's Studies Group) bụ nke Graziella Corvalán na [[Mirtha Rivarola]] guzobere na Paraguayan Center for Sociological Studies na 1985.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Santa Cruz Cosp|first=María Clara|title=Estudios de Género y Ciencias Sociales en Paraguay|url=http://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/gsdl/collect/clacso/index/assoc/D9172.dir/SantaCruzArticuloFinal.pdf|date=2013|publisher=Biblioteca Clacso|location=Buenos Aires, Argentina|language=Spanish}}&lt;/ref&gt; A malitekwara iguzobe ọmụmụ gbasara nwoke na nwanyị na mahadum dị na Brazil n'afọ ndị 1980 ma gaa n'ihu na-agbasawanye n'afọ 1990.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Peluffo|first=Pelufo|title=Simpósio: cinco questões sobre os estudos de gênero na América Latina|journal=Estudos Históricos|date=May–August 2020|volume=33|issue=70|pages=227–253|doi=10.1590/S2178-14942020000200002|url=https://www.scielo.br/j/eh/a/CtjSvpNF73XHBz3HXpCkTyC/?format=pdf&amp;lang=pt|accessdate=25 April 2022|language=Portuguese|issn=0103-2186}}&lt;/ref&gt; N'afọ 1992, ndị ọkà mmụta Brazil na Mahadum Federal nke Rio de Janeiro malitere Revista Estudos Feministas, otu n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ agụmakwụkwọ bụ isi gbasara okike na Brazil.  N'etiti ndị nyere aka maka mbipụta mbụ ahụ bụ Ana Arruda Callado, Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda, [[Maria Carneiro da Cunha]], Mary Garcia Castro, Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira, [[Valéria Lamego]], Miriam Moreira Leite, [[Leila Linhares Barsted|Leila Linhares]], Heleieth Saffioti, Bila Sorj, na ndị ọzọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Revista Estudos Feministas|url=https://www.scielo.br/journal/ref/about/|work=[[SciELO]]|publisher=[[São Paulo Research Foundation]]|accessdate=10 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316142714/https://www.scielo.br/journal/ref/about/|archivedate=16 March 2023|date=31 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;[pt]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Colaboradores|journal=Revista Estudos Feministas|date=1992|volume=1|issue=1|pages=242–243|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43903491|accessdate=9 April 2023|language=Portuguese|issn=0104-026X}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke [[Òtù ụmụ nwanyị]] nke manyere ịmepụta ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị hụrụ onwe ya na-emegide usoro agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ 1990.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Wiegman|first=Robyn|title=Women's Studies on the Edge|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8223-4274-8|editor=Scott|location=Durham|chapter=Feminism, Institutionalism, and the Idiom of Failure}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka &quot;nwaanyị&quot; dị ka echiche nọgidere na-agbasawanye, nchọpụta nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke okike dugara na mgbasawanye nke mpaghara ahụ n'ime ọmụmụ okike na ọmụmụ mmekọahụ. Mpaghara ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị nọgidere na-eto n'oge 1990s na n'ime 2000s site na mmụba nke mahadum na-enye majors, minors, na asambodo na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị, ọmụmụ okike, na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwoke. E guzobere mmemme PhD mbụ na Women's Studies na Mahadum Emory na 1990. &lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:{&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;wt&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;6 October 2014&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;}},&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;i&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;quot;:0}}]}\&quot; data-ve-no-generated-contents=\&quot;true\&quot; id=\&quot;mwBbY\&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;cite about=\&quot;#mwt225\&quot; class=\&quot;citation web cs1\&quot; id=\&quot;mwBbc\&quot; data-ve-ignore=\&quot;\&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=\&quot;external text\&quot; href=\&quot;http://www.gs.emory.edu/academics/program_pages/gender.html\&quot; id=\&quot;mwBbg\&quot; rel=\&quot;mw:ExtLink nofollow\&quot;&gt;\&quot;Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies\&quot;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span class=\&quot;reference-accessdate\&quot; id=\&quot;mwBbk\&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=\&quot;nowrap\&quot; id=\&quot;mwBbo\&quot;&gt;6 October&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; 2014&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot;}}&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-42&quot; rel=&quot;dc:references&quot; typeof=&quot;mw:Extension/ref&quot;&gt;[./Women's_studies#cite_note-42 &lt;span class=&quot;mw-reflink-text&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;2&lt;span class=&quot;cite-bracket&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;] Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2012, e nwere ụlọ ọrụ iri na isii na-enye PhD na Women's Studies na United States.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NWSA|url=http://nwsa.org/AF_institution_Directory.asp|accessdate=26 July 2015|work=nwsa.org|archivedate=15 February 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215034054/http://www.nwsa.org/AF_institution_Directory.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Artemis Guide to Women's Studies in the U.S|url=http://www.artemisguide.com/|accessdate=6 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kemgbe ahụ, UC Santa Cruz (2013),  Mahadum Kentucky-Lexington (2013),  Mahadum Stony Brook (2014),  na Mahadum Oregon State (2016)  webatara PhD n'ọhịa ahụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=UC Santa Cruz – Feminist Studies|url=http://feministstudies.ucsc.edu/|accessdate=22 August 2016|work=feministstudies.ucsc.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=PHD Program {{!}} Gender &amp; Women's Studies|url=https://gws.as.uky.edu/phd-program-gws|accessdate=22 August 2016|work=gws.as.uky.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies|url=http://www.stonybrook.edu/commcms/wgss/|accessdate=22 August 2016|work=stonybrook.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=21 September 2015|title=PhD in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies! {{!}} College of Liberal Arts {{!}} Oregon State University|url=http://liberalarts.oregonstate.edu/school-language-culture-and-society/wgss/phd-women-gender-and-sexuality-studies|accessdate=22 August 2016|work=liberalarts.oregonstate.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Australia ===
N'afọ 1956, onye Australia na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị bụ Madge Dawson malitere ịkụzi ihe na Ngalaba Mmụta Ndị Okenye na Mahadum Sydney wee malite ime nchọpụta na ịkụzi banyere ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị. Usoro Dawson, &quot;Women in a Changing World&quot;, nke lekwasịrị anya na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ụmụ nwanyị na ọdịda anyanwụ Europe, na-aghọ otu n'ime ọmụmụ ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/07/30/1059480406739.html|title=Ardent warrior for women's rights|date=31 July 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Eshia ===

==== Ebe Etiti Eshia ====
N'afọ 2015 na Mahadum Kabul, nzere masta mbụ na ọmụmụ nwoke na nwanyị na Afghanistan malitere.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2015/10/26/kabul-university-unlikely-host-for-first-afghan-womens-studies-programme/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151027133909/http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2015/10/26/kabul-university-unlikely-host-for-first-afghan-womens-studies-programme/|archivedate=27 October 2015|title=Kabul University unlikely host for first Afghan women's studies programme|author=FaithWorld|date=26 October 2015|work=Reuters.com|accessdate=2 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Europe ===
Elizabeth Bird chọtara mmepe nke Women's Studies na UK site na agụmakwụkwọ na-abụghị nke ụmụ nwanyị nnwere onwe (WLM), Workers' Educational Association, &quot;CR&quot; ma ọ bụ &quot;ịzụlite uche&quot;, òtù ndị na-eme ihe ike, na ngalaba ndị ọzọ dị na mahadum na kọleji.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Bird|first=Elizabeth|date=1 June 2003|title=Women's studies and the women's movement in Britain: origins and evolution, 1970–2000|journal=Women's History Review|language=en|volume=12|issue=2|pages=263–288|doi=10.1080/09612020300200351|issn=0961-2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bird na-ekwu na, dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ọkà mmụta Anna Coote na Beatrix Campbell bụ ndị gbara ọtụtụ ndị sonyere na 1960s-70s mmepe nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị ajụjụ ọnụ, &quot;n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1969 Juliet Mitchell kụziri obere nkuzi akpọrọ 'The Role of Women in Society' na 'Anti University', nke ndị ọkà mmụta siri ike haziri dị ka akụkụ nke mmegide ụmụ akwụkwọ. &quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Coote|first=Anna|title=Sweet Freedom: the struggle for women's liberation|publisher=Pan Macmillan|year=1982|location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maggie Humm na-akọwa usoro ọmụmụ oge okpomọkụ a dị ka &quot;Ụzọ ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị mbụ nke Britain&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Humm|first=Maggie|title=Feminisms: a reader|publisher=Harvester Wheatsheaf|location=Hemel Hempstead|pages=xvi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

N'afọ 1975, Margarita Rendel, Oonagh Hartnett, Zoe Fairbairns, dere akwụkwọ ntuziaka na-akọwapụta ọmụmụ 17 dị n'oge ahụ, nhọrọ 1 postgraduate, kọleji anọ na-enye agụmakwụkwọ na ọmụmụ polytechnics isii na Women's Studies - nke a na-akpọkarị 'ụmụ nwanyị na ọha mmadụ' - na United Kingdom.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hartnett|first=Oonagh|title=Women's Studies Courses in the United Kingdom|publisher=Margarita Rendel|year=1975|location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ha chịkọtara ntuziaka sitere na nyocha nke mahadum UK ma gbakwunye na nyocha nke Sue Beardon na Erika Stevenson bipụtara maka National Union of Students na 1974.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Bird|first=Elizabeth|date=1 June 2003|title=Women's studies and the women's movement in Britain: origins and evolution, 1970–2000|journal=Women's History Review|language=en|volume=12|issue=2|pages=263–288|doi=10.1080/09612020300200351|issn=0961-2025}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFBird2003&quot;&gt;Bird, Elizabeth (1 June 2003). [[doi:10.1080/09612020300200351|&quot;Women's studies and the women's movement in Britain: origins and evolution, 1970–2000&quot;]]. ''Women's History Review''. '''12''' (2): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;263–&lt;/span&gt;288. [[Digital object identifier|doi]]:&lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-free&quot; title=&quot;Freely accessible&quot;&gt;[[doi:10.1080/09612020300200351|10.1080/09612020300200351]]&lt;/span&gt;. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0961-2025 0961-2025]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144545954 144545954].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

The Polytechnic of Central London nyere diplọma postgraduate na Women's Studies site na 1977, na 1978 otu MA ọmụmụ ihe na isiokwu nke 'Rights', gụnyere ikike ụmụ nwanyị, bụ nke Margarita Rendel haziri na London Institute of Education.

N'afọ 1980, Mahadum Kent malitere nzere MA mbụ a kpọrọ aha na Women's Studies, ebe Mary Evans na-eduga mmepe nke usoro ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Bird|first=Elizabeth|date=1 June 2003|title=Women's studies and the women's movement in Britain: origins and evolution, 1970–2000|journal=Women's History Review|language=en|volume=12|issue=2|pages=263–288|doi=10.1080/09612020300200351|issn=0961-2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na-esote Kent, Bradford (1982), Sheffield City Polytechnic (1983), Warwick (1983) na York (1984) meghere ọmụmụ MA. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; N'afọ 1990, a malitere BAs nke nwa oge na Women's Studies na Polytechnic nke North East London na Preston Polytechnic . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Mahadum Open kpọrọ Veronica Beechey n'afọ 1983 iji malite ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ebe ahụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:04&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|author=Taylor|first=Barbara|date=31 January 2021|title=Veronica Beechey obituary|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/31/veronica-beechey-obituary|accessdate=27 January 2022|work=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Omenala na usoro nyocha ==
[[Faịlụ:Students_of_Women_and_Gender_Studies_University_of_Haifa_on_training_in_writing_in_Wikipedia_(1).jpg|thumb|300x300px|Ụmụ akwụkwọ nke Women and Gender Studies University of Haifa.]]
Ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na usoro mmụta na-abụkarị ajụjụ &quot;Gịnị mere na ụmụ nwanyị anaghị etinye ya? Ebee ka ụmụ nwanyị nọ?&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|chapter=Women's Studies – The Early Years: When Sisterhood Was Powerful|author=Rothenberg|first=Paula|title=The Evolution of American Women's Studies|publisher=Palgrave MacMillan|year=2008|isbn=978-0-230-60579-4|editor=Ginsberg|location=New York|chapterurl=https://archive.org/details/evolutionofameri0000unse/page/68}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nke ahụ bụ, ka ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị bịara na agụmakwụkwọ ka elu dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ na ngalaba, ajụjụ bilitere banyere ọdịdị nwoke nke ọtụtụ ọmụmụ na usoro mmụta. Ndị nkuzi ụmụ nwanyị na ngalaba ọdịnala dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme, Bekee, na nkà ihe ọmụma malitere inye ọmụmụ na-elekwasị anya na ụmụ nwanyị. Site n'echiche nke ụmụ nwanyị na &quot;onwe bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị&quot;, ọmụmụ malitere ịmalite gburugburu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mmekọahụ, ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na ọha mmadụ, na ụzọ ndụ ụmụ nwanyị si egosipụta usoro ike ka ukwuu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The evolution of American women's studies: reflections on triumphs, controversies, and change|editor=Ginsberg|year=2008|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=9780230605794|edition=1st|location=New York|oclc=224444238|url=https://archive.org/details/evolutionofameri0000unse/page/69}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kemgbe afọ 1970, ndị ọkà mmụta nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị ejirila ụzọ post-modern ghọta okike na njikọ ya na agbụrụ, klas, agbụrụ, mmekọahụ, okpukpe, afọ, na (dis) ikike ịmepụta na idebe usoro ike n'ime ọha mmadụ. Site na mgbanwe a, a na-elekwasị anya n'asụsụ, subjectivity, na hegemony mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na otu ndụ nke ndị a na-ekwu, n'agbanyeghị otú ha si mara, si bụrụ. Isi ihe dị n'echiche ndị a bụ echiche na n'agbanyeghị na mmadụ na-akọwa, okike, mmekọahụ, na mmekọahụ abụghị ihe dị n&quot;ime, kama ọ bụ nke ọha na eze.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.nwsa.org/Files/Resources/WS_Integrative_Learning_Levine.pdf|title=Questions for A New Century: Women's Studies and Integrative Learning|author=Levin|first=Amy K.|year=2007|work=nwsa.org|accessdate=18 November 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Echiche ndị dị mkpa a na-eji eme ihe na ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị gụnyere Echiche ụmụ nwanyị, [[intersectionality]], Echiche echiche, transnational femism, na ikpe ziri ezi nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Omume nyocha metụtara ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-etinye ụmụ nwanyị na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị n'etiti nyocha site na iji usoro ọnụọgụ, nke dị mma, na nke ngwakọta. Ndị na-eme nchọpụta na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na-ekweta ọrụ ha na mmepụta ihe ọmụma ma mee ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti onye nchọpụta na isiokwu nyocha doo anya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Feminist research practice: a primer|author=Hesse-Biber|first=Sharlene Nagy|isbn=9781412994972|edition=Second|publisher=SAGE Publications|location=Thousand Oaks, CA|oclc=838201827|date=18 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Echiche ụmụ nwanyị ===
Ozizi ụmụ nwanyị na-ezo aka na otu ederede nke na-arụ ọrụ iji lebara ịkpa ókè na ndịiche dị na nwoke anya, na-ekwenye, na-akọwa, na nyochaa ahụmahụ na ọnọdụ nke ndụ ụmụ nwanyị.[1]. Theorists na ndị edemede dị ka mgbịrịgba nko, Simone de Beauvoir, Patricia Hill Collins, na Alice Walker gbakwunyere na ubi nke feminist tiori n'ihe banyere ụzọ ndị agbụrụ na okike na-agwa ibe ha ahụmahụ nke ndị inyom na agba na ọrụ dị ka Feminist Theory: Site Margin to Center (nko), Na Search of Our Nne' Gardens, Feminous though na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Empowerment (Collins). Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger webatara ubi nke nlele anya matrixial, oghere matrixial (matricial) na oge, yana usoro echiche ọhụrụ na okwu iji webata nwanyị na-amaghị ihe site na echiche psychoanalytic na nkà ihe ọmụma.[2][3][4][5] Alice Walker chepụtara okwu nwanyị ịbụ nwanyị iji gosipụta ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị ojii ka ha na-agba mbọ maka mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze na nnwere onwe, ebe ha na-eme ememe ike nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii, omenala ha, na ịma mma ha.[6]. Patricia Hill Collin's nyere echiche nke &quot;matrix nke ịchịisi&quot; n'echiche nwanyị, bụ nke mere ka agbụrụ, klaasị, na okike dị ka usoro mmegbu na-ejikọta ọnụ nke na-akpụ ahụmahụ nke ihe ùgwù na mmegbu.
[[Faịlụ:Womens_Studies_(8407729802).jpg|thumb|261x261px|Nwaanyị na mpaghara ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị nke ọbá akwụkwọ]]
[[intersectionality]]&quot; id=&quot;mwAls&quot; rel=&quot;mw:WikiLink&quot; title=&quot;Intersectionality&quot;&gt;Intersectionality bụ ụzọ isi ghọta ma nyochaa mgbagwoju anya na ndị mmadụ, ahụmịhe mmadụ, na ọha mmadụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Hill Collins|first=P.|title=Intersectionality|publisher=Polity Press|year=2016|isbn=978-0-7456-8448-2|location=Cambridge, UK}}&lt;/ref&gt; E jikọtara ya na nke atọ nke ụmụ nwanyị, echiche [[Kimberlé Crenshaw]] nke intersectionality aghọwo usoro dị mkpa nke ndị ọkà mmụta ụmụ nwanyị dị iche iche na-atụle mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ọdịdị mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dịka okike, agbụrụ, afọ, na mmasị mmekọahụ, ma nata ịkpa ókè ọha na eze. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cooper 2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Cooper|first=Brittney|editor=Disch|chapter=Intersectionality|title=The Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory|year=2016|pages=385–406|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-932858-1|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.013.20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intersectionality na-ekwu na a ghaghị ịtụle mmekọrịta ndị a iji ghọta usoro nke ike na ihe ùgwù, yana mmetụta ha na-egosipụta na ndụ mmadụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carastathis 2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Carastathis|first=Anna|title=The Concept of Intersectionality in Feminist Theory|journal=Philosophy Compass|year=2014|volume=9|issue=5|pages=304–314|doi=10.1111/phc3.12129|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263725959}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ bụ ezie na a na-eche na ihe omume na ọnọdụ nke ndụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụ otu ihe, intersectionality na-ekwu na mmegbu na enweghị nhata nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na eze bụ nsonaazụ nke otu ndị mmadụ nwere ike si ele njikọta nke ihe dị iche iche anya; na-ekwusi ike na a na'ihi ịkpa ókè site na ike, ọ bụghị njirimara onwe onye.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Cooper 2016&quot; /&gt;

Echiche Standpoint, nke a na-akpọkwa echiche echiche echiche ụmụ nwanyị, &lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Loyalism, Women and Standpoint Theory|author=Potter|first=M|journal=Irish Political Studies|year=2014|volume=29|issue=2|pages=258–274|doi=10.1080/07907184.2012.727399}}&lt;/ref&gt; mepụtara na 1980s dị ka ụzọ isi nyochaa mmepụta nke ihe ọmụma na mmetụta ya na omume nke ike. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Harding|first=Sandra G.|title=The feminist standpoint theory reader: intellectual and political controversies|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|isbn=978-0415945004|location=New York|oclc=51668081}}&lt;/ref&gt; Echiche Standpoint na-arụ ọrụ site n'echiche na ihe ọmụma dị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndị na-anọchite anya ndị otu na ndị ka nta na-eleghara anya n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ma ọ bụ na-ewepụ ha mgbe ọ bịara na mmepụta ihe ọmụma. Na-esite n'echiche Marxist, echiche echiche na-arụ ụka maka nyocha nke na-agbagha ikike nke &quot;eziokwu&quot; ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Hekman|first=Susan|year=1997|title=Truth and Method: Feminist Standpoint Theory Revisited|journal=Signs|volume=22|issue=2|pages=341–365|doi=10.1086/495159}}&lt;/ref&gt; Echiche Standpoint, na-eche na ike dị naanị n'aka nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị ka usoro mkpebi na ọha mmadụ na-ewu naanị maka, na site n'aka ụmụ nwoke.&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot; /&gt; Ihe atụ nke ebe echiche echiche na-egosi onwe ya na ọha mmadụ bụ site na usoro nyocha ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ebe ọ bụ na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụmụ nwoke na-achịkwa mpaghara ọmụmụ a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot; /&gt; Ọzọkwa, site n'echiche Marxist, Karl Marx kwupụtara echiche nke kwenyere na ndị nọ n'ọchịchị enweghị ike ịghọta echiche nke ndị ha nwere ike.&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot; /&gt; Inye echiche ahụ na-ekweta na nwoke enweghị ike ịghọta mmegbu ụmụ nwanyị na-eche ihu na ọha.

=== Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe ===
Transnational femism na-echegbu onwe ya banyere ọganihu nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na ịha nhata nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke gafee ókèala; kpọmkwem na nzaghachi maka ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, neoliberalism, na imperialism.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Moghadam|first=Valentine M.|title=Women worldwide: transnational feminist perspectives on women|date=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=9780073512297|editor=Lee|location=New York, NY|pages=15|chapter=Transnational Feminisms|oclc=436028205}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị malitere itinye echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-agafe mba n'ime usoro ọmụmụ ya dị ka ụzọ isi mebie ma maa ụzọ a na-ebute ihe ọmụma gbasara okike ụzọ, na-ebufe, ma na-agbasa n'ọhịa na agụmakwụkwọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Parisi|first=Laura|title=Rethinking women's and gender studies|publisher=Routledge|year=2012|isbn=9780415808316|editor=Orr|location=New York|pages=326|chapter=Transnational|oclc=738351967}}&lt;/ref&gt; Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-aga n'ihu na-agbagha ọdịiche ọdịnala nke ọha mmadụ, nke dị oke mkpa maka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nkwenkwe ọdịbendị na-aga nke ọma.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Minoo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iZqv_ZcsipgC&amp;q=transnational+feminist+theory&amp;pg=PA349|title=Between Woman and Nation: Nationalisms, Transnational Feminisms, and the State|publisher=Duke University Press|year=1999|isbn=978-0-8223-2322-8|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Otu nkwenye dị mkpa sitere n'echiche ụmụ nwanyị mba niile bụ na okike bụ, abụwo, ma ga-anọgide na-abụ, mgbalị zuru ụwa ọnụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Transnational Feminism and Communication Studies: The Communication Review, 9(4), 255–267.|author=Shome|first=R.|year=2006|doi=10.1080/10714420600957266}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọzọkwa, echiche ụmụ nwanyị na-agafe mba na-eme ka enweghị nlebara anya na ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke ọdịbendị na akụ na ụba nke okike, n'ihi ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, nwere ike inye aka n'ịkwalite enweghị nhata nke okike zuru ụwa ọnụ; ọ bụ ezie na, nke a nwere ike ime naanị mgbe mmadụ na-anọ n'ọkwá ndị nwere ihe ùgwù n'ụwa niile.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke Ọha ===
Kemgbe e bidoro ya na njikọ ya na òtù ụmụ nwanyị, ime ihe ike abụwo ntọala nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị. Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke ọha na eze aghọwo akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị, mmemme, na ngalaba. Echiche ikpe ziri ezi nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na-emetụta ọgụ maka obodo ndị ziri ezi, ọ bụghị na ọkwa nke onye ọ bụla, kama maka ọha mmadụ dum.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Social Justice: Theories, Issues, and Movements|url=https://archive.org/details/socialjusticethe00milo|author=Capeheart|first=Loretta|year=2007|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=9780813541686|location=Piscataway|oclc=437192947}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ụmụ akwụkwọ ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-etinye aka na ọrụ ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha na eze, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na ndị nkatọ na-echegbu onwe ha banyere ịchọ ka ụmụ akwụkwọ tinye aka na ọrụ iwu na / ma ọ bụ ọrụ ikpe ziri aga nke ọha na mmadụ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|author=Johnson|first=Jennifer L.|title=Social Justice for (University) Credit? The Women's and Gender Studies Practicum in the Neoliberal University. (Report)|journal=Resources for Feminist Research|volume=34|issue=3–4|year=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị abụghị naanị na ọ na-elekwasị anya n'echiche ndị dị ka ime ihe ike n'ụlọ, ịkpa ókè n'ebe ọrụ, na ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na nkewa nke ọrụ n'ụlọ.  Ọ na-enye ntọala maka ịghọta ihe kpatara echiche ndị a, nke bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ iji mee ka ndụ ka mma maka ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.depts.ttu.edu/wstudies/advising_whystudywgs.php|title=Women's and Gender Studies|work=Texas Tech University}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ụlọ ọrụ ===
Enwere ike ịkọwa ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ikike ime nhọrọ n'otu n'otu na n'efu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|author=Barker|first=C.|title=Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice|publisher=Sage|year=2005|isbn=0-7619-4156-8|location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt; Enwere ike igbochi ụlọ ọrụ mmadụ n'ihi ihe dị iche iche metụtara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, dị ka okike, agbụrụ, okpukpe na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na eze.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Site n'echiche ụmụ nwanyị, enwere ike ile ụlọ ọrụ anya dị ka mgbalị iji mee ka mmegbu otu akụkụ nke gosipụtara mmegbu mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Agency, Anticipation and Indeterminacy in Feminist Theory. Feminist Theory, 4(2), 139–148|author=Mcnay|first=L|year=2003|doi=10.1177/14647001030042003}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-eji ụlọ ọrụ eme ihe na-anwa ịmepụta ụdị nnwere onwe ọhụrụ na ịdabere na mgbanwe nke mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị nke na-ewere ọnọdụ na ọha mmadụ zuru ụwa ọnụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Nnyocha ụmụ nwanyị na-ekweta enweghị ụlọ ọrụ nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, n'ihi ọnọdụ ndị isi na ọha mmadụ. Ndị na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-eme mgbalị siri ike iji bulie nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịkpata mgbasawanye ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta maka ụmụ nwanyị niile.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;

=== Ịhụnanya n'ihe onwunwe ===
Echiche nke ihe onwunwe sitere na ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na 1960s na 1970s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cjc-online.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/1118/1024|title=Materialist Feminism: A Reader in Class, Difference, and Women's Lives: Canadian Journal of Communication|author=Hennessy|first=R.|year=1999}}&lt;/ref&gt; Materialism nwere njikọ dị mkpa na echiche Marxist nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụlọ ọrụ, na echiche; ọ bụ ezie na, enwere ike ịmata ya site na itinye asụsụ na ọdịbendị na nkà ihe ọmụma ya.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Ịhụnanya n'anya na-ewelite ajụjụ ma na nyocha mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mmekọrịta mmadụ na eze, nke enwere ike ịchọta ya na ọnọdụ ihe onwunwe nke ọha mmadụ ọ bụla.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Na mgbakwunye na nyocha site n'echiche nwoke na nwanyị, a na-amụ ọnọdụ ihe onwunwe n'ihe gbasara akụkụ ndị dị adị nke ndụ ụmụ nwanyị.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Akụkụ dị mkpa nke ndị na-ahụ maka ihe onwunwe na-ekpughe mmekọrịta ndị a sitere n'echiche ụmụ nwanyị, na-azọrọ na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, yana itinye aka na mgbanwe.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ihe onwunwe na-elekwasị anya na nhazi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke na-eme ka ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị pụta ìhè karịsịa akụkụ nke ezinụlọ, ezinụlọ, na ịbụ nne.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Materialism na-enyocha okwu gbasara nwoke na nwanyị nke na-akwalite nchụpụ ụmụ nwanyị; Ya mere, otu n'ime akụkụ kachasị emetụta nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ihe onwunwe bụ nlebara anya ya na ajụjụ nke echiche na otu ha si emetụta akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụlọ ọrụ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

=== Nkụzi ===
N'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ, ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-eji nkuzi ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ n'ụdị triad nke nyocha, echiche, na praxis nha nhata. Ntọhapụ nke prọfesọ dị ka isi iyi nke ihe ọmụma na-abụkarị ihe ndabere na omenala ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị. A na-agba ụmụ akwụkwọ ume ka ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike na &quot;ịzọrọ&quot; agụmakwụkwọ ha, na-eburu ọrụ maka onwe ha na usoro mmụta. Emebere mmemme mmụta ụmụ nwanyị na nkuzi iji chọpụta njikọ dị n'etiti okike, agbụrụ, mmekọahụ, klaasị na isiokwu ndị ọzọ na-etinye aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị njirimara na ụkpụrụ ọha na eze site na oghere nwanyị. Ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-elekwasị anya n'ụdị isiokwu dị iche iche dị ka agụmagụ mgbasa ozi, mmekọahụ, agbụrụ na agbụrụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme metụtara ụmụ nwanyị, echiche queer, multiculturalism na ihe ọmụmụ ndị ọzọ nwere njikọ chiri anya. Ngalaba na-etinye ihe ndị a n'ime klaasị n'ofe isiokwu dị iche iche, gụnyere omenala ndị ama ama, ụmụ nwanyị nọ na akụ na ụba, ikpe ịmụ nwa na gburugburu ebe obibi, na ahụike ụmụ nwanyị n'ogologo ndụ niile. Bracha L. Ettinger's matrixial theory nwere mmetụta na ngalaba nkuzi nka n'ihe gbasara ụkpụrụ nlekọta.

Mmemme ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-etinye aka na ọrụ ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha na-echepụtakarị usoro ọmụmụ ndị agbakwunyere na tiori na mmemme na-abụghị ntọala klaasị. Ụfọdụ mmemme ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enye ọzụzụ ọzụzụ nke sitere na obodo na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ ohere ịhụ ka ụlọ ọrụ nke ihe ùgwù na mmegbu si emetụta ndụ ụmụ nwanyị. Usoro ọmụmụ ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị na-agbakarị ụmụ akwụkwọ ume isonye na mmemme mmụta ọrụ na mgbakwunye na mkparịta ụka na ntụgharị uche n'ihe ọmụmụ. Otú ọ dị, Daphne Patai, nke Mahadum Massachusetts Amherst, katọrọ akụkụ a nke mmemme ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị, na-arụ ụka na ha na-etinye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị karịa agụmakwụkwọ, na-ekwu na &quot;atụmatụ nke ndị òtù ngalaba na mmemme ndị a gụnyere asụsụ ndị uwe ojii na-adịghị ahụkebe, usoro nyocha nke a na-ewere na ọ dị mma nye ụmụ nwanyị (dị ka qualitative n'elu quantitative ụzọ), na-eduzi ọmụmụ ọgwụgwọ dịka a ga-asị na ha bụ usoro ọmụmụ ụmụ nwanyị. okike, agbụrụ, klaasị, na mmekọahụ, nke a na-ebutekarị dissecting institutionalized Ọdịdị nke ike N'ihi nke ndị a pedagogies, ụmụ nwanyị ọmụmụ na-ahapụ mahadum na a ngwá ọrụ setịpụrụ ime ka ọha mmadụ mgbanwe na-eme ihe banyere ike inequalities na ọha mmadụ.

== Nkatọ agụmakwụkwọ n'ime ==
N'akwụkwọ Professing Feminism: Education and Indoctrination in Women's Studies, ndị nkuzi iri atọ nke Women's ọmụmụ gbakọtara iji katọọ &quot;ọnọdụ na-adịghị mma na omume na-ebibi onwe onye nke yiri ka ọ bụ ihe dị n'ọtụtụ mmemme Women's Study&quot;. Ndị prọfesọ kwuru na ha enweghị ike &quot;ịkwurịta nchegbu ha banyere esemokwu a na ndị otu ngalaba ndị ọzọ na Women's Studies&quot;, na-ekwu na &quot;ịkwusiri ike mgbe niile na ịdị ọcha ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.... site na ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị prọfesị&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Patai|first=DAPHNE|title=Professing feminism: education and indoctrination in women's studies|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2003|isbn=9780739104552|location=United States|pages=13, 18|language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Hụkwa ==

== Ihe edeturu ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Edensibia ==

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nke ahụ abụghị ihe m kwuru: Nkọwa esemokwu na nyocha akụkọ. Na Giuck, S. &amp; Patai, D. (Eds.), Women's Words: The Feminist Practice of Oral History (pp. 63-76). NY: Routledge&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Echiche echiche ụmụ nwanyị: Ịzụlite ihe ọmụma na ike site na ahụmịhe ụmụ nwanyị. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 53-82). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ọkpụkpọ òkù maka nyocha ụmụ nwanyị. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 1-24). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Omume ụmụ nwanyị nke ethnography. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 187-221). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* Dill, T.B &amp; Zambrana, R. (2009) Emerging Intersections: Race, Class and Gender in Theory, Policy and Practice. NJ: Rutgers University Press.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mmekọahụ ahụ: ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwoke na nwanyị na iwulite mmekọahụ. New York: Basic Books. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-465-07714-5|&lt;bdi&gt;0-465-07714-5&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. &amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ịtọpụ ụkpụrụ omume: Ịkwado nsogbu omume nke ụkpụrụ omume nyocha. Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 30 (4), 2141-2162.
* Harding, S. (1987). Okwu mbido: Enwere usoro ụmụ nwanyị? Na Harding, S. (ed.), Feminism &amp; Methodology.  (pp. 1-14). IN: Indiana University Press.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Omume nke ịgba ajụjụ ọnụ miri emi nke ụmụ nwanyị. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 111-148). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ịnụrụ ụmụ agbọghọ ntị: Echiche banyere ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na omume nke usoro ụmụ nwanyị nke mkparịta ụka otu. Mmekọahụ, Ebe, na Ọdịbendị, 11 (1), 105-119.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Postmodernism nke ụmụ nwanyị na poststructuralism. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 83-108). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Omume nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ nwanyị na ajụjụ ọnụ ndị na-elekwasị anya. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 149-186). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Omume ụmụ nwanyị nke nyocha ọdịnaya. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 223-248). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Feminist empiricism: Ịma aka n'ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị na &quot;ịtọlite ndekọ ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi&quot;. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 27-52). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nnyocha na-ekere òkè na nke na-eme ihe na feminism: Towards Transformative Praxis. N'akwụkwọ Sharlene Hesse-Biber (Ed.). Akwụkwọ ntuziaka nke Nnyocha Ụmụ nwanyị: Theory and Praxis. CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nnyocha nnyocha ụmụ nwanyị. Na Hesse-Biber, S.N. &amp; Leavy, P.L. (Eds.), Feminist Research Practice (pp. 293-325). CA: Akwụkwọ ndị maara ihe.&amp;nbsp;

== Ịgụ ihe ọzọ ==

* Berkin, Carol R., Judith L. Pinch, na Carole S. Appel, Exploring Women's Studies: Looking Forward, Looking Back, 2005,      
* {{Cite book|author=Boxer|first=Marilyn J.|title=When Women ask the Questions: Creating Women's Studies in America|year=1998|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|location=Baltimore, MD|isbn=978-0-8018-5834-5|oclc=37981599|url=https://archive.org/details/whenwomenaskques0000boxe}}
* {{Cite book|author=Carter|first=Sarah|title=Women's Studies: A Guide to Information Sources|url=https://archive.org/details/womensstudiesgui0000cart|year=1990|publisher=Mansell and McFarland|location=London, England and Jefferson, NC|isbn=978-0-7201-2058-5|oclc=20392079}}
* {{Cite book|author=Committee on Women's Studies in Asia|title=Changing Lives: Life Stories of Asian Pioneers in Women's Studies|year=1995|publisher=Feminist Press at the City University of New York|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-55861-108-5|oclc=31867161|url=https://archive.org/details/changingliveslif00comm}}
* Davis, Angela Y. (2003). Ụlọ Mkpọrọ Ọ bụ Ihe Mgbe Ochie? , Open Media (April 2003),   
* {{Cite book|editor=Davis|title=Handbook of Gender and Women's Studies|year=2006|publisher=Sage|location=London, England; Thousand Oaks, CA|isbn=978-0-7619-4390-7|oclc=69392297}}
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akụkọ ifo banyere okike: echiche nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke. New York: BasicBooks. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-465-04792-0|&lt;bdi&gt;0-465-04792-0&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. &amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mmekọahụ ahụ: ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nwoke na nwanyị na iwulite mmekọahụ. New York: Basic Books. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-465-07714-5|&lt;bdi&gt;0-465-07714-5&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. &amp;nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Mmekọahụ / Mmekọala: Biology in a Social World''. New York: Routledge. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780415881456|&lt;bdi&gt;9780415881456&lt;/bdi&gt;]]. &amp;nbsp;
* {{Cite journal|author=Gardey|first=Delphine|authorlink=Delphine Gardey|title='Territory Trouble': Feminist Studies and (the Question of) Hospitality|journal=[[Differences (journal)|differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies]]|volume=27|issue=2|pages=125–152|doi=10.1215/10407391-3621745|date=September 2016|url=https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:86893}}
* Grewal, Inderpal na Caren Kaplan, Nkwupụta maka Ọmụmụ Ụmụ nwanyị: Mmekọahụ n'ụwa Transnational, 2006,      
* {{Cite book|author=Griffin|first=Gabriele|title=Doing Women's Studies: Employment Opportunities, Personal Impacts and Social Consequences|year=2005|publisher=Zed Books in association with the University of Hull and the European Union|location=London, England|isbn=978-1-84277-501-1|oclc=56641855}}
* Ginsberg, Alice E. The Evolution of American Women's Studies: Reflections on Triumphs, Controversies and Change (Palgrave Macmillan: 2009). [http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2009/03/27/women Ajụjụ ọnụ n'ịntanetị na Ginsberg]
* Griffin, Gabriele na Rosi Braidotti (ed.), Thinking Differently: A Reader in European Women's Studies, London wdg: Zed Books, 2002      
* Howe, Florence (ed.), The Politics of Women's Studies: Testimony from Thirty Founding Mothers, Paperback edition, New York: Feminist Press 2001,      
* {{Cite book|author=Hunter College Women's Studies Collective|title=Women's Realities, Women's Choices: An Introduction to Women's Studies|year=2005|edition=3rd|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-515035-3|oclc=55870949}}
* {{Cite book|author=Jacobs|first=Sue-Ellen|title=Women in Perspective: A Guide for Cross-Cultural Studies|year=1974|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Urbana, IL|isbn=978-0-252-00299-1|oclc=1050797|url=https://archive.org/details/womeninperspecti00suee}}
* {{Cite book|author=Kennedy|first=Elizabeth Lapovsky|authorlink=Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy|title=Women's Studies for the Future: Foundations, Interrogations, Politics|year=2005|publisher=Rutgers University Press|location=New Brunswick, NJ|isbn=978-0-8135-3618-7|oclc=56951279}}
* {{Cite book|author=Krikos|first=Linda A.|title=Women's Studies: A Recommended Bibliography|year=2004|edition=3rd|publisher=Libraries Unlimited|location=Westport, CN|isbn=978-1-56308-566-6|oclc=54079621|url=https://archive.org/details/womensstudiesrec0003krik}}
* {{Cite book|author=Larson|first=Andrea and R. Edward Freeman|title=Women's Studies and Business Ethics: Toward a New Conversation|year=1997|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-510758-6|oclc=35762696}}
* Lederman, Muriel, na Ingrid Bartsch, ndị editọ. The Gender and Science Reader. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Mbipụta.
* {{Cite book|author=Loeb|first=Catherine|title=Women's Studies: A Recommended Core Bibliography, 1980–1985|year=1987|publisher=Libraries Unlimited|location=Littleton, CO|isbn=978-0-87287-472-5|oclc=14716751|url=https://archive.org/details/womensstudiesrec00loebrich}}
* {{Cite book|author=Luebke|first=Barbara F.|title=Women's Studies Graduates: The First Generation|year=1995|publisher=Teachers College Press, Teachers College, Columbia University|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-8077-6274-5|oclc=31076831|url=https://archive.org/details/womensstudiesgra0000lueb}}
* {{Cite book|author=MacNabb|first=Elizabeth L.|title=Transforming the Disciplines: A Women's Studies Primer|year=2001|publisher=Haworth Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-56023-959-8|oclc=44118091|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781560239604}}
* Messer-Davidow, Ellen, Disciplining Feminism: From Social Activism to Academic Discourse, Durham, NC wdg: Duke University Press, 2002      
* Narayan, Uma Ọdịbendị na-agbagọ agbagọ: njirimara, ọdịnala, na ụmụ nwanyị nke ụwa nke atọ. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9780415914192&lt;/nowiki&gt;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Rethinking Women's and Gender Studies. New York: Routledge. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/9780415808309|&lt;bdi&gt;9780415808309&lt;/bdi&gt;]] &amp;nbsp;
* {{Cite book|author=Patai|first=Daphne|title=Professing Feminism: Education and Indoctrination in Women's Studies|year=2003|edition=New and Expanded|publisher=Lexington Books|location=Lanham, MD|isbn=978-0-7391-0454-5|oclc=50228164}}
* {{Cite book|author=Rao|first=Aruna|title=Women's Studies International: Nairobi and Beyond|year=1991|publisher=Feminist Press at the City University of New York|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-55861-031-6|oclc=22490140|url=https://archive.org/details/womensstudiesint0000raoa}}
* {{Cite book|author=Rogers|first=Mary F.|title=Who's Afraid of Women's Studies?: Feminisms in Everyday Life|year=2002|publisher=AltaMira Press|location=Walnut Creek, CA|oclc=50530054|isbn=978-0-7591-0173-9|url=https://archive.org/details/whosafraidofwome0000roge}}
* {{Cite book|author=Rosenberg|first=Roberta|title=Women's Studies: An Interdisciplinary Anthology|year=2001|publisher=Peter Lang|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-8204-4443-7|oclc=45115816}}
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Feminism agbanweela sayensị?''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999. Mbipụta.
* Ruth, Sheila, Issues In Feminism: An Introduction to Women's Studies, 2000,      
* {{Cite book|author=Simien|first=Evelyn M.|editor=Waters|title=Black Women's Intellectual Traditions: Speaking their Minds|year=2007|publisher=University of Vermont Press and the University Press of New England|location=Burlington, VT and Hanover, NH|isbn=978-1-58465-633-3|chapter=Black Feminist Theory: Charting a Course for Black Women's Studies in Political Science|oclc=76140356}}
* {{Cite book|author=Tierney|first=Helen|title=Women's Studies Encyclopedia|year=1989–1991|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-313-24646-3|oclc=18779445}}
* Wiegman, Robyn (onye nchịkọta akụkọ), Women's Studies on Its Own: A Next Wave Reader in Institutional Change, Duke University Press, 2002. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/0-8223-2950-6|&lt;bdi&gt;0-8223-2950-6&lt;/bdi&gt;]]   &amp;nbsp; 

== Njikọ mpụga ==

[[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <comment>Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1278667205|Chisom Orji]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Chisom Martins Orji''' (amụrụ na 5 Eprel 2001) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa nke na-agba bọọlụ ugbu a dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ n'ihu.

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Mba Nile ===
{{updated|matches played 10 April 2020.}}&lt;ref&gt;{{NFT player|pid=76056}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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== Edensibịa ==

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'''Chisom Martins Orji''' (amụrụ na 5 Eprel 2001) bụ onye egwuregwu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa nke na-agba bọọlụ ugbu a dịka onye na-agba bọọlụ n'ihu.

== Ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ ==

=== Mba Nile ===
{{updated|matches played 10 April 2020.}}&lt;ref&gt;{{NFT player|pid=76056}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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== Edensibịa ==

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